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Original Research ARTICLE
Environmental Influences on Pigeonpea-Fusarium udum Interactions and Stability of Genotypes to Fusarium Wilt
- 1Research Programme Grain Legumes, International Crop Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Telangana, India
- 2Department of Plant Pathology, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Karnataka, India
- 3Department of Plant Pathology, Agricultural Research Station, Karnataka, India
- 4Department of Plant Pathology, R A K College of Agriculture, Madhya Pradesh, India
- 5Department of Plant Pathology, Zonal Agricultural Research Station, Madhya Pradesh, India
Fusarium wilt (Fusarium udum Butler) is an important biotic constraint to pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L.) production worldwide. Breeding for fusarium wilt resistance continues to be an integral part of genetic improvement of pigeonpea. Therefore, the study was aimed at identifying and validating resistant genotypes to fusarium wilt and determining the magnitude of genotype × environment (G × E) interactions through multi-environment and multi-year screening. A total of 976 genotypes including germplasm and breeding lines were screened against wilt using wilt sick plot at Patancheru, India. Ninety two genotypes resistant to wilt were tested for a further two years using wilt sick plot at Patancheru. A Pigeonpea Wilt Nursery (PWN) comprising of 29 genotypes was then established. PWN was evaluated at nine locations representing different agro-climatic zones of India for wilt resistance during two crop seasons 2007/08 and 2008/09. Genotypes (G), environment (E), and G × E interactions were examined by biplot which partitioned the main effect into G, E, and G × E interactions with significant levels (p ≤ 0.001) being obtained for wilt incidence. The genotype contributed 36.51% of resistance variation followed by the environment (29.32%). A GGE biplot integrated with a boxplot and multiple comparison tests enabled us to identify seven stable genotypes (ICPL 20109, ICPL 20096, ICPL 20115, ICPL 20116, ICPL 20102, ICPL 20106, and ICPL 20094) based on their performance across diverse environments. These genotypes have broad based resistance and can be exploited in pigeonpea breeding programs.
Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L. Millisp.) commonly known as redgram, is a low input, rain fed crop with characteristics that provide economic returns from each and every part of the plant (Saxena, 2006). Pigeonpea cultivation has a direct bearing on the overall economic and financial well-being and the nutritional status of the subsistence farmers in the subcontinent of Eastern and Southern Africa, Asia, and South America (Hillocks et al., 2000; Souframanien et al., 2003). It also restores soil fertility by fixing atmospheric nitrogen and has the ability to solubilize fixed phosphorus (Ae et al., 1990). India is the principal pigeonpea growing country and contributes nearly 90% of world's acreage and production, followed by Myanmar, Kenya, and Malawi (FAOSTAT, 2013).
Wilt caused by Fusarium udum Butler, is the major constraint to pigeonpea production worldwide (Kannaiyan et al., 1984). The incidence of disease has been reported from 30 to 60% at flowering and crop maturity stages (Kannaiyan and Nene, 1981), however it can also cause yield losses up to 100% in susceptible cultivars (Kannaiyan et al., 1984; Reddy et al., 1990; Okiror, 1999; Dhar et al., 2005). Wilt can be diagnosed by symptoms like loss of turgidity, slight inter-veinal chlorosis, internal browning of xylem vessels, and a purple band on stem extending upwards from the base (Figure 1). An updated review of biology, pathogenicity, epidemiology, and management of pigeonpea wilt has been recently published by Pande et al. (2013a).
Figure 1. Symptoms of Fusarium wilt on infected pigeonpea. (A) Loss of turgidity. (B) Slight inter-veinal chlorosis and drying of leaves. (C) Internal browning of xylem vessels. (D) Purple band on stem extending upwards from the base.
Management of wilt is essential to ensure stable pigeonpea production. Fungicide is not economical and doesn't give complete protection. Hence it is imperative to identify stable sources of resistance and exploit them to develop resistant varieties of pigeonpea through breeding approaches. A number of strategies to deal with wilt were identified over the past two decades by screening pigeonpea genotypes under national and international programs. Some of these sources have been effectively used in breeding programs and released as resistant varieties for disease prone areas (Nene and Kannaiyan, 1982; Okiror, 1999; Sharma and Pande, 2011; Sharma et al., 2012a).
The existence of variants/races of F. udum is a major drawback for breeding programs for wilt resistance (Mishra and Dhar, 2003; Mishra, 2004; Singh et al., 2011; Tiwari and Dhar, 2011). F. udum isolates from diverse geographical origins have been shown to exhibit high variability in their virulence (Mishra and Dhar, 2003; Mamta Sharma, unpublished data). This reinforces the need to search for additional stable sources of resistance to wilt. Multi-location and multi-year testing of genotypes is essential to check stability of genotype resistance across pigeonpea growing regions. Genotype and genotype × environment interaction (GGE) Biplot analysis results can discriminate between expected and realized responses of genotypes and has been widely used in recent years to determine the stability of disease resistance through multi-location trials. GGE biplot is an effective method based on principal component analysis (PCA) to fully explore data. It allows visual examination of the relationships among the test environments, genotypes, and the GE interactions. It is an effective tool for: (i) mega-environment analysis, whereby specific genotypes can be recommended for specific mega-environments (Yan and Kang, 2003; Yan and Tinker, 2006), (ii) genotype evaluation (the mean performance and stability), and (iii) environmental evaluation (the power to discriminate among genotypes in target environments; Ding et al., 2007). The interaction was primarily reported to evaluate the yield and other traits in multi-location trials (Yan et al., 2000; Yan and Kang, 2003). Recently this methodology has been used to characterize and identify stability of germplasm, breeding lines and cultivars resistance to diseases such as Fusarium head blight and powdery mildew in wheat (Kadariya et al., 2008; Lillemo et al., 2010), ascochyta blight in faba bean (Rubiales et al., 2012), Fusarium wilt and ascochyta blight in chickpea (Sharma et al., 2012b; Pande et al., 2013b), and sterility mosaic disease in pigeonpea (Sharma et al., 2015). Therefore, the present study was conducted with an objective to identify and validate pigeonpea genotypes resistant to F. udum through multi-environment and multi-year evaluations and identify stability of their resistance.
Materials and Methods
A total of 976 genotypes obtained from the pigeonpea breeding program (ICRISAT, Patancheru) were evaluated for wilt using wilt sick plot during 2004/05 crop season. Resistant lines (≤10 % wilt incidence) selected after preliminary screening were further evaluated for 2 more years by wilt sick plot at ICRISAT (Patancheru) during 2005/06 and 2006/07 crop seasons. Finally a Pigeonpea Wilt Nursery (PWN) of 29 genotypes was constituted from the above three subsequent evaluations based on their total wilt reaction (≤10% wilt incidence) for multi-year and multi-environment screening. The PWN consisted of 4 germplasm accessions, 24 breeding lines, and a highly susceptible commercial check with days to maturity ranging from 150 to 252 days (Table 1). Additionally one local susceptible check from the test location was included to ensure disease pressure. The summary of the pedigrees for the 29 genotypes used in this study are presented in Table 1.
Table 1. Pedigrees and agronomic traits of the pigeonpea genotypes used in the Pigeonpea Wilt Nursery during 2007/08 and 2008/09.
The PWN was evaluated against wilt at nine locations in India (Akola, Badnapur, Bangalore Dholi, Gulbarga, Kanpur, Khargoan, Patancheru, and Sehore). Test locations were selected based on different agro-climatic zones (Table 2) and availability of wilt sick plot. These sites represented six major pigeonpea producing states (Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, and Uttar Pradesh) with a wide diversity in latitude from 12°58′ at Bangalore to 26°26′ at Kanpur, longitude from 75°43′ at Badnapur to 85°35′ at Dholi and altitude ranging 52.2 m of Dholi to 920 m of Bangalore from mean sea level. Details of the tested environments (location, state, latitude, longitude, altitude and their agro-climatic zone) are given in Table 2 and also indicated in map (Figure 2).
Table 2. Details of test environments used for evaluation of pigeonpea genotypes against wilt disease.
Multi-Environment Evaluation and Validation
The PWN constituting of 29 genotypes with consistent and higher levels of resistance were evaluated at multi-environments in 2007/2008 and 2008/2009. Seed stocks of test genotypes (genetically pure) were increased and maintained at ICRISAT (Patancheru) and sub-sampled to supply to collaborators at key locations for wilt screening in the major pigeonpea growing areas. To ensure the genetic integrity, seeds of tested genotypes were maintained by selfing. The nursery was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with two replicates. Each genotype was grown in one row, 4 m in length with row-to-row spacing of 75 cm and plant-to-plant spacing of 10 cm within the row. A local susceptible check was planted at every 5th row (Figure 3).
Data Collection and Analysis
Data on wilt incidence (%) was recorded at seedling, flowering and maturity stage of the crop at each location. Cumulative incidence of all the three stages was calculated using the following formula:
Depending upon the range of wilt incidence, the test entries were categorized as resistant (<10.0% incidence), moderately resistant (10.1–20.0% incidence), susceptible (20.1–40.0% incidence), and highly susceptible (>40% incidence). Prior to analysis, the percentage data was arcsine transformed to make residual normal (Gomez and Gomez, 1984).
The transformed and replicated data was subjected to an analysis of variance (ANOVA) to know the level of significance of the genotypes, environment and their interaction for individual year as well as for combined years using GenStat software (17th edition). For the analysis, genotype (G) and environment (E) were considered as a fixed effect. Since the local susceptible check line was different for each location it was eliminated from the analysis. However, the susceptible check (ICP 2376) common at all locations was kept to compare disease reaction. Significance of mean differences within genotypes and environments was tested by the Student's t-test in combination with Bonferroni correction at the P = 0.05 level of probability. Also, a Boxplot (environment × incidence and genotype × incidence) was generated to visualize the distribution pattern of disease incidence among 29 genotypes across environments (Wiik and Rosenqvist, 2010). To identify the relationship between environments, Spearman's correlation was calculated by comparing the disease incidence of genotypes and hierarchical cluster of environments, which was generated using Euclidean similarity coefficient.
To determine resistance stability of genotypes across environments, GGE biplot analyses was conducted. GGE biplot is a method of geographical analysis of multi-environment data (Yan, 2001; Yan and Falk, 2002). Eighteen environments (Table 2) and 29 genotypes (Table 1) were used in this analysis, including one common susceptible check. It displays the main genotype effect (G) and the genotype × environment (G × E) interaction of multi-environment tests. GGE model used to determine the stability of genotypes across environments is:
where Yij is the mean genotype incidence i in environment j, μ is the grand mean, βj is the environment j main effect, n is the singular value, λ and ξ are the singular vectors for genotype and environment for n = 1, 2,…, respectively, and εij is the residual effect. This biplot was constructed by plotting the first two principal components (PC1 and PC2) derived from single value decomposition of the environment centered data. Genotype and environments were displayed in the same plot. Each genotype and environment was defined by their respective scores on the two PCs. Angles between the environment vectors were used to judge the correlation among the environments (Yan and Kang, 2003). The length of vector represents the genotypic variability in the respective environment. In order to assay the stability of genotypes, the average environment coordinate (AEC) is plotted by taking the mean of PC1 and PC2 scores for environments. A performance line passing through the origin of the biplot used to determine the mean performance of the genotype. The arrow on the performance line represents an increase in mean disease incidence i.e., higher susceptibility (Sharma et al., 2012b).
Preliminary Screening for Identification of Resistant Genotypes
Preliminary screening of the 976 genotypes revealed a broad range of response to Fusarium wilt in wilt sick plot during 2004/05 at ICRISAT (Patancheru) and allowed the removal of susceptible materials and the selection of 92 resistant genotypes for further screening. These 92 genotypes were further screened for two consecutive years (2005/06 to 2006/07) by wilt sick plot and finally 28 highly resistant genotypes with consistent disease incidence ≤10% were chosen for the creation of the PWN.
Response of Genotypes to Wilt
The pooled ANOVA showed that G, E, and G × E effects were significant (Table 3). Disease incidence was affected by the genotype across the environments as genotype accounted for 36.51% of the variance. G × E and E accounted for 33.82 and 29.32% respectively, indicating the confounding influence of the environment on evaluation in different locations. Significant differences were found in the genotype and year × genotype effect for wilt incidence at all the locations (Table 4).
Table 3. Analysis of variance for wilt per cent incidence of 29 pigeonpea genotypes evaluated at nine locations under artificial epiphytotic conditions during 2007/08 and 2008/09.
Table 4. Location wise combined analysis of variance of F statistic value for wilt incidence of 29 genotypes during 2007/08 and 2008/09.
Frequency distribution of combined wilt incidence for both years is outlined in Figure 4 and the range of incidence of genotype across environments is represented by box plot (Figure 5). The variability in wilt incidence with respect to genotypes was more at the Kanpur location, as shown by a frequency distribution of disease incidence of different genotypes (Figure 4 and Table 5). Ka-07 had the highest (36.15%) as well as widest range of wilt incidence (6.4–73.7) across genotypes while Se-07 had the lowest (1.56%) wilt incidence across genotypes (Figure 6). Mean wilt incidence at the nine locations varied from 3.2 to 27.2% (Table 5). Akola had a low mean wilt incidence (3.2%) followed by Sehore (3.6%) and Badnapur (5.5%). Conversely, Kanpur recorded the highest mean wilt incidence (27.2%) followed by Khargone (11.8%) and Dholi (10.7%). Mean performance of all the genotypes was less than 10.0%, except for ICP 12749 and ICP 14819 where the mean disease incidence was 20.5 and 19.6%, respectively (Table 5). The genotypes ICPL 20109, ICPL 20096, ICPL 20115, and ICPL 20102 showed a greater degree of resistance with the wilt incidence 2.6, 2.8, 4.0, and 4.1% respectively across 18 environments. Further, all 28 genotypes were found to have resistance to wilt at three locations (Akola, Badnapur and Gulbarga), 27 at Sehore, 24 each at Bangalore and Patancheru, 18 at Dholi, 15 at Khargone, and 6 at Kanpur (Figure 4 and Table 5). Correlation between environments showed that environments, for instance Bd-08 and Pa-08, had a significant positive correlation (r = 0.76; Supplementary Table 1) indicating that the environments were closely related to each other with respect to disease incidence. Finally, the relationship between environments is shown by hierarchical clustering (Figure 7). All the environments were found to be grouped in three major clusters with 12 environments in cluster I, five in cluster II, and only one in cluster I. Cluster III placed separately as is evidenced from its highly virulent reaction to pigeonpea genotypes.
Figure 4. Frequency distribution of 29 pigeonpea genotypes for levels of Fusarium wilt disease at nine locations in India over 2 years (2007/2008 and 2008/2009). Rating of genotype reaction: resistant = 0–10% wilt incidence; moderately resistant = 10.1–20% wilt incidence; susceptible = 20.1–40% and highly susceptible = 40.1–100%.
Figure 5. Boxplot showing the differences in percent wilt incidence of each genotype across 18 environments. Box edges represent the upper and lower quantile with median value shown in the middle of the box. Whiskers represented by green “×” symbol. Individuals falling outside the range of whiskers shown as red “×” symbol.
Table 5. Mean wilt incidence (%) of pigeonpea genotypes across nine locations during 2007/08 and 2008/09.
Figure 6. Boxplot showing the differences in per cent wilt incidence for 18 environments across 29 genotypes. Box edges represent the upper and lower quantile with median value shown in the middle of the box. Whiskers represented by green “×” symbol. Genotypes falling outside the range of whiskers shown as red “×” symbol.
Stability of Genotype across Environments
The GGE biplot analysis explained 80.49% of the variation (PC1 accounted for 63.03% and PC2 accounted 17.46%; Figure 8). GGE analysis showed that environments Ka-07, Ka-08, Bd-07, and Bn-08 had longer vectors than other environments indicating that they were the environments that discriminated genetic variability of the genotypes. However, Kh-08, Kh-07, Dh-07, and Gu-07 had smaller vectors indicating they were less discriminative of genotypes.
Figure 8. GGE biplot showing the relationship among 18 environments based on Fusarium wilt incidence of 29 pigeonpea genotypes evaluated across nine locations in India. First and second principal components PC1 (wilt incidence) and PC2 (resistance stability) explained 63.03 and 17.46% of total variation. The environments are denoted by first two letters of the location followed by year (2007, 07; 2008, 08); vectors are as solid blue lines. Those genotypes contributing the most to the interaction delimit the vertices of a polygon comprising the rest of accessions. A perpendicular line was drawn to each side of the polygon, forming eight individual sectors.
Seven out of 29 genotypes located farthest from the origin formed a seven sided polygon (Figure 8). Genotypes located at the vertices of the polygon contributed the most to the interaction, i.e., those with the highest or lowest wilt incidence. Genotype 29 (ICP 2376) was the most susceptible in all the environments except in Ka-07, where genotypes 3 (ICP 14819) and 2 (ICP 12749) were found more susceptible. The genotype 4 (ICPL 20093) was located within the polygon and nearer to the plot origin and hence was less responsive than the vertex genotypes.
AEC was created to conduct test-environment evaluation and stability of the genotype. The circles in Figure 8 represent coordinates equal to the average coordinates of the 18 marker points for environments. The blue axis passed through the origin of the biplot and in the direction of the AEC, labeled the AEC absicca (AECa), and an arrow on the AECa pointed in the direction of high wilt incidence. Twenty four genotypes at the left side of the Y-axis had stable resistance across locations. However, genotypes toward right side of the AEC ordinate had the higher wilt incidence.
Genotypes ICPL 20109 (16) and ICPL 20096 (6) had the lowest wilt incidence and placed far from the origin to left side (2.6 and 2.8% respectively) with high stability across the locations. In addition, 5 genotypes [ICPL 20115 (20), ICPL 20116 (21), ICPL 20102 (12), ICPL 20106 (14), and ICPL 20094 (5)] had the lowest level of wilt incidence with high to moderate stability across the locations. The susceptible check ICP 2376 (29) was consistently the most susceptible as seen by its placement farthest to the right of the origin of the biplot. The box plot (Figure 5) also indicated that genotypes 16 (ICPL 20109), 12 (ICPL 20102), 6 (ICPL 20096), and 20 (ICPL 20115) were most stable for their resistance against wilt, with an incidence range of 0–13% in all the environments in both the years of testing, however genotypes 3 (ICP 14819), 2 (ICP 12749), and 29 (ICP 2376) were found less stable and exhibited a high range of wilt incidence across environments.
The lowest wilt incidence and high stability of resistance under diverse climatic conditions are essential for the establishment of a crop and sustainable production. Our study focuses on the effect of the genetic background (genotype) and the environments impact on the F. udum- pigeonpea interaction. In this study, 28 genotypes with resistant reactions to wilt at a site in Patancheru were evaluated at different locations to mimic their resistance performance. However, the wilt incidence of the genotypes was found to be significantly (p < 0.05) influenced by environments, hence rejecting the null hypothesis.
ANOVA revealed the significant differences among the G, E, and G × E interactions. The occurrence of a significant G × E interaction indicated inconsistent wilt incidence of tested genotypes across locations, which may be due to the selection made in one environment performing poorly in another environment, and is attributed to distinct agro-ecologies with different longitude, latitude and elevations. Further it reveals that the contribution of genotypic variance for disease resistance was more than the G × E interaction indicating that most of the variation for reactions to disease was genetic. Similar results were found by other studies; Beyene et al. (2012) indicated that in a maize foliar disease resistance study the genotypic variance contribute the maximum when compared to the G × E variance. Sharma et al. (2012b) also reported that the largest portion of variability for chickpea wilt incidence was accounted by genotypes (54.4%), followed by G × E (36.7%), and E (8.9%).
The G × E interaction had a significant effect on the performance of the genotypes in specific environments, indicating that their disease reaction was impaired by interaction with the environments. For example, ICP 12749 (2) and ICP 14819 (3) expressed resistance in Akola, Badnapur, Patancheru, and Sehore but susceptibility in Bangalore, Kanpur, Khargoan and hence were not stable across environments. This variation may be attributed to the different climatic conditions, presence of different fungal variants and virulence of the pathogen at those locations. ICPL 20109 (16) and ICPL 20096 (6) expressed consistent resistant reactions in all the 18 environments and thus were highly stable. A boxplot of genotypes also confirmed the stable performance of these two genotypes as indicated by a disease score close to zero as compared with other genotypes. Further, these genotypes were placed farthest toward the left side, indicating the lowest wilt incidence across all the environments in the GGE biplot.
Projections of the environments with respect to their vector length and positive PC1 score in GGE biplots indicated high disease incidence and good levels of discriminative ability (Yan, 2001; Egesi et al., 2009). For instance, in our study Ka-07 and Ka-08 with higher vector lengths and high PC1 score supported higher wilt expression and discrimination than others. A boxplot of the environment also confirmed that the isolate from Kanpur is more virulent than the remaining isolates, indicated by a larger box size. This variation in the wilt incidence at all locations and in all genotypes may be due to the virulence of the pathogen population or difference of the genotypic characters or of the ecological conditions or combination of all the factors. Relationships between environments were specified by the hierarchical clustering of environments. Environments where disease incidence of the genotypes was reduced were grouped together in cluster I and environments where genotypes were found with higher disease incidences were grouped separately in cluster II and III. These results are in accordance with the Spearman's correlation matrix as indicated by the positive correlation of the environments within the cluster.
In conclusion, this study sheds light on the G × E interaction influencing wilt incidence in pigeonpea and calls for future studies to understand how G × E interactions influences wilt incidence. A GGE biplot, in integration with Boxplot and multiple comparison tests enabled us to identify stable genotypes to wilt (ICPL 20109, ICPL 20096, ICPL 20115, ICPL 20116, ICPL 20102, ICPL 20106, and ICPL 20094) based on their performance across diverse environments. These genotypes can be deployed in future location-specific pigeonpea resistance breeding programs.
MS conceived and planned the work with significant inputs from RG and RT. RG and RT executed the experiment, collected, and compiled the data. AR and RT analyzed the data. MDS, DM, DS, and YJ contributed in the multi-location trials including data collection at their respective locations. RG and RT drafted the manuscript. MS finally edited the manuscript. All authors read the manuscript and agree with its content.
The funding support by Department of Science and Technology (DST), Climate Change Division, Government of India, and CGIAR- Research Program Grain Legumes is acknowledged.
Conflict of Interest Statement
The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
We are thankful to the pigeonpea pathologists of respective locations of All India Coordinated Research Project on Pigeonpea for evaluating the disease nursery over the years for their reaction to wilt disease.
The Supplementary Material for this article can be found online at: https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpls.2016.00253
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Keywords: fusarium wilt, GGE biplot, genetic diversity, host plant resistance, multi-environment, pigeonpea
Citation: Sharma M, Ghosh R, Telangre R, Rathore A, Saifulla M, Mahalinga DM, Saxena DR and Jain YK (2016) Environmental Influences on Pigeonpea-Fusarium udum Interactions and Stability of Genotypes to Fusarium Wilt. Front. Plant Sci. 7:253. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00253
Received: 16 October 2015; Accepted: 15 February 2016;
Published: 07 March 2016.
Edited by:Benjamin Schwessinger, University of California, Davis, USA
Reviewed by:Oswaldo Valdes-Lopez, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico
Ryohei Thomas Nakano, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Germany
Copyright © 2016 Sharma, Ghosh, Telangre, Rathore, Saifulla, Mahalinga, Saxena and Jain. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
*Correspondence: Mamta Sharma, firstname.lastname@example.org

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Saturday, July 16, 2022 • Chelan, WA • Course Map
Part of a weekend of athletic festivities organized by the Chelan Multisport Group, a volunteer organization that raises funds and stages events to promote healthy lifestyles for local kids and adults, the Chelan Multisport Half Marathon saw 100 runners cross the finish line last year.
The race follows an out-and-back course that starts and ends at Lakeside Park on the shore of Lake Chelan, a glacier-fed lake that sits just to the southeast of the state’s Cascade Mountain range and North Cascades National Park.
From the starting line at the southeastern corner of the park near East Center Street, runners make their way northeast along South Lakeshore Road all the way to the half-way turnaround point, which lies just before they reach Lake Chelan State Park.
There, the course turns around and heads back in the opposite direction, all the way back to the park for the race finish.
The half marathon race — the course is described as “moderately hilly” by race organizers — begins at 7:15 AM on Saturday at Lakeside Park on the lakeshore.
For runners who don’t feel up to running 13.1 miles, the event also offers a 10K race that shares the same starting line and starting time as the half marathon.
Race Weather & Climate
Located between the southeastern tip of Lake Chelan and the nearby Chelan River flowing by in central Washington state, just over 170 miles east of Seattle, Chelan typically sees its warmest and driest weather of the year in July, which has brought record temperatures here as low as 37 degrees (in 1983) and as high as 106 degrees (in 1985).
On race day (July 16), the average low is 61ºF and the average high is 85ºF.
- 2019 ChelanMan Half Marathon Results
- 2018 ChelanMan Half Marathon Results
- 2017 ChelanMan Half Marathon Results
- 2016 ChelanMan Half Marathon Results
- 2015 ChelanMan Half Marathon Results
- 2014 ChelanMan Half Marathon Results
- 2013 ChelanMan Half Marathon Results
- 2012 ChelanMan Half Marathon Results
- 2011 ChelanMan Half Marathon Results
see race website
To reserve your spot in the 2022 running of the Chelan Multisport Races Half Marathon or 10K race, visit the event website below.
Official Race Website
Ever run in the ChelanMan Multisport Races? Share your impressions here, or post your review in the Comments below.

domain: sports


Photography allows us to see things that we normally wouldn’t. Sometimes, this is a look into the fascinating “hermit kingdom” of North Korea, but other times, it’s more lighthearted. Photographer Andrius Burba uses his camera and a cunning setup to take a peek at what dogs have under them… literally. Aptly called Under-Dogs, Burba’s series showcases the belly of various canines—from Pomeranians to Poodles—in all shapes and sizes. As they sit on a glass surface, we get a crystal-clear view of their fuzzy undersides as well as glimpses into their temperament.
Under-Dogs was photographed a year ago, but Burba kept it quiet for a long time. “We were patiently waiting until now,” he tells us in an email, “as we wanted to present the results along with the publication of Under-Dogs book.” In addition to a book, Burba has opened an Underlook shop with prints from the series.
Photographer Andrius Burba reveals what’s under dogs with his charming series of portraits.
Aptly called Under-Dogs, it showcases the adorable bellies of canine breeds from Poodles to Pomeranians.
This one licked the glass! (It wasn’t the only one.)


Jury finds Santos innocent of financial elder abuse
In a trial that featured a most unusual defense strategy, former police officer Frank B. Santos Jr. was found innocent on two counts of felony financial elder abuse Thursday in Nevada County Superior Court.
“I definitely think they came to the right verdict,” said Santos, 27, who gained power of attorney to oversee the assets of the late Florence Pena and was named sole beneficiary of the Nevada City woman’s will.
“I’ve been going through this for a year and a half, and the truth finally came out,” he said.
Santos was charged with two felony counts. The first involved bank transfers he made from Pena’s accounts to his; the second concerned his attempt to transfer the title of Pena’s house into his name.
The District Attorney’s Office charged Santos with unlawfully taking more than $100,000 of Pena’s assets between April 1 and June 30, 2001.
Santos contended he was trying to help Pena by spending down her assets so she could qualify for Medi-Cal.
Santos became acquainted with Pena at the age of 14, when he started doing yardwork and chores around her house.
“She was like my grandmother, and she said I reminded her a lot of her grandson,” he said. “We filled a lot of voids in each others’ lives.”
Santos said the relationship blossomed into friendship, and that he began seeing to Pena’s care when her health deteriorated.
Pena, who was diagnosed with dementia two years ago, died Aug. 20, 2001 in a nursing home in Auburn at 77.
“Florence and I, we loved each other and she was repaying everything that I did for her,” Santos said. “She wanted me to have her estate, but I didn’t care about the money. I’d much rather have my friend back.”
As they did throughout the six-day trial, Santos’ family sat on one side of the courtroom Thursday, while Pena’s kin sat on the other.
After the verdict was read, Santos’ father, Frank Sr., crumpled to his knees, crossed himself, and prayed while tears rolled down his face.
Santos’ mother, Connie Santos, also wept.
“I thank God that (the jury) came up with the right decision because I had to let it go,” she said. “It was out of our hands, and I just prayed that they’d make the right choice; and they did.”
Connie Santos said she was both shocked and disappointed that the case wasn’t dropped after her son’s preliminary hearing in December.
“That it actually went to trial I think is very, very wrong,” she said. “It’s a waste of taxpayers’ money, and it’s very hard for a family to go through.”
Juror Mark Narveson said deciphering the Medi-Cal spend-down strategy made reaching a verdict difficult because there were a lot of details to sort out regarding the money and asset transfers.
“Frank might not have made the wisest choices concerning Florence’ affairs, but we couldn’t say beyond a reasonable doubt that he had criminal intent,” Narveson said. “It was obvious that Frank loved Florence, and that they were longtime friends and that she wanted him to have everything. I think Frank was acting in her best interests as a longtime friend.”
If Santos had been properly advised, he would have done things differently, said defense attorney Richard Wilcox.
“But I feel justice was done,” he said.
Deputy District Attorney Jim Phillips said he wasn’t completely surprised by the verdict and had no regrets.
“I think it was the position of this office all along that there was probable cause to bring Frank to trial. But with Mrs. Pena being deceased, we knew it wasn’t an airtight case going in,” he said.
“Twelve jurors from our community said the case hadn’t been proven beyond a reasonable doubt, and we accept that verdict even though we have no regrets about bringing the case to trial,” Phillips said.
Frank Santos Jr. said a probate court will decide what happens to Pena’s assets.
The Pena family members declined to comment on Thursday’s verdict.
Tosh Yamamoto, an attorney representing Pena’s family, said the will will be contested, and that a civil financial elder abuse case against Santos is pending.
Santos served on the Placerville Police Department from 1996 until March.
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Hello scrappy friends!! I posted this fun pocket page a few weeks ago. I had fun making it and love how it turned out! You can watch the process video below:
Hello, hello my scrappy friends!! I am so excited to be sharing this fun new YouTube series I will be doing with some awesome friends!! Let’s jump right in here, we are going to be doing a monthly challenge. We’ll be switching between doing layout and Project Life/Pocket scrapbooking. This month we started with Pocket… Read More YouTube Project Life Hop!
Hello Hello!! I am up on the Crafty Maven Getaway YouTube Channel today. Here’s a couple photos, you can find my process video below: For these Pocket Scrapbook pages I have a bunch of random photos I want to get in my album. They’re all from different days, but I thought they were still cute… Read More In Your Pocket Tuesday: Over at the Crafty Maven Getaway

domain: artistic


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When I was a kid, I was fascinated by Egypt, the pharaohs, and the pyramids. So, when we were in Egypt, I really wanted to visit Luxor. We booked a private tour from Marsa Alam through this website. We had a private taxi from Marsa Alam to Luxor and in Luxor for the whole day..
Tag: photography - page 2
With Photo Sunday I want to share beautiful shots with a story. This weeks photo is by Mike Clegg, photographer and blogger with Travel and Destinations. You can find his photography portfolio here. When taking pictures at night one of the most important things to do, is to use a tripod, keep your ISO at 100..
With Photo Sunday I want to share beautiful shots with a story. This was taken during our second trip to Paris. Although it is only a train ride away, we don’t go to Paris very often. But I love going there because there is so much to discover. During our second time we did things we..
Madrid is not so popular to visit in contrast to Barcelona. Being the capital of Spain, it has a lot of things to offer. We were in Madrid for 4 days. You can also do all this in a shorter period if you plan it right but we decided to do everything at ease. Visit Plaza..
In order to explore more of Belgium, I decided to go to Antwerp and wander around Zurenborg, a neighbourhood in the south-east of Antwerp. A lot of houses are in Art-Nouveau style which are centered on Cogels-Osy Lei, Transvaalstraat, and Waterloostraat. The houses are often named and decorated with certain themes but sometimes groups of houses..


My teaching techniques are start from the basics, learning from different parts of guitar, then escalate to chords and playing simple riffs, then some music theories by which you can figure out the notes and chords on your own by ear training.
I am a guitarist and bassist, played in several bands.. I am pursuing Actuarial Science and Statistics hons from Delhi University. I have a experience of 5 years from playing live in cafes to a college fest. I have knowledge of basic Music Theory as well.
|at his home||at your home||By webcam|


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L’Oreal Elvive Triple Resist Aminexil Kit. Thinning hair can lack essential nourishment. Exposed to external aggressions such as general wear and tear, hair can become thinner and less resistant. As a result it can break or fall out. Hair loss targeting ingredient to target thinning hair.
- Arginine – an essential amino acid and a vital constituent of the hair fibre. The system helps to make hair feel stronger and more resistant
- Aminexil – molecule proven to help reduce the rate of hair loss. It helps maintain the density of thinning hair caused by hair loss
- Taurine – Known for its energising properties, the formula helps make hair look energised and the fibre feel more toned
Results: 1) Helps make hair feel stronger and more resistant. 2) Aminexil helps maintain the density of thinning hair. 3) Helps make hair look energised and the fibre feel more toned. Ambient type storage. For the complete Hair Loss Targeting System, use with Elvive Triple Resist Shampoo for Men during and in between treatments. (Sold Separately). 6 ml Doses.

domain: chemistry


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Welcome to the FootPrint Project
FootPrint is an international project in which Portuguese, German and French people work together. The project is dedicated to nature conservation on the one hand through concrete actions and on the other hand through art projects that focus on people and their habitat.
In our art projects we describe the world from our point of view. We show the beautiful sides of nature, but also everything that man leaves behind here when he ends his life cycle and only his footprint remains. This includes the good as well as the bad, the destruction of nature and the environment. Last but not least, we are interested in people themselves. People of different cultures and, above all, different living conditions.
Our planet is a work of art and we must never destroy it.
The whole project is non-profit and financed by donations and sales of books, calendars, photos and NFTs.


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Confession 2: I've gained weight from sitting on my butt painting things or in front of the computer too much.
Congession 3: I bought a Tai Chi video and just need to do it.
Between my many other projects (Steampunk, Spooky, Alien) I've been working my way through my first Miniature Gypsy Wagon Project! I have several themes in mind but began with a Blue Celestial magic wares wagon. After much thought I will offer these custom wagons stocked with goods but without a driver or yoked animals.
Below are my first pictures of the Blue Celestial wagon. I began with a vintage wooden wagon kit that I greatly altered with wire, additional wood pieces, pressed aluminum to mimic carving, and found ojects and jewelry findins. After all the main components were in place, I spray painted it flat black. Then I gave it the basic acrylic blue, pale green, and a hint of lilac acrylic colors. This was then washed over with more blue and then drybrushed with the light green. Who knows what will happen next?
Here is the Snake Charmers Wagon still under construction. The cage will be removable so you can put whatever beastie in you want!
Creation out of chaos... hey I know where everything is!


“Medora” will make its official Indiana premiere Nov. 21 at the Indiana University Cinema in Bloomington.
The film will be shown at 7 p.m. Nov. 21; 6:30 and 9:30 p.m. Nov. 23; and 6:30 p.m. Nov. 24. Tickets for the premiere screening on Nov. 21 are $10 and are available online at cinema.indiana.edu/?post_type=film&p=5132.
At the premiere, subjects of the documentary, directors Andrew Cohn and Davy Rothbart and “Hoosiers” writer/producer Angelo Pizzo are scheduled to be in attendance. There will be a party afterwards.
All content copyright ©2013 The Tribune, a division of Home News Enterprises unless otherwise noted.


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Product quantity cannot be greater than 99
In our continued tradition of offering a project along with our free download every month, this month we will offer a slightly different concept. Over the next 4 months we will feature 4 new designs that will be used to complete one project in 4 steps - our “Victorian Crib Quilt.” Each month we will feature a design, along with instructions for completing that particular segment of the quilt. When the final design (#4) is featured in March, your quilt will be well on it’s way to completion. Our design can be reproduced on a Quantum® XL-150, XL-1000, XL-5000 or XL-6000 using your PSW™ software. It can also be reproduced on the Futura™ machines. Use your favorite shade of Robison-Anton® thread to sew out this one color design.

domain: design


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We went to Abineau Lodge for the Thanksgiving weekend and enjoyed our stay. The staff is very welcoming but not intrusive. The breakfasts were delicious. They have an amazing wine selection and we felt the view was very nice. Looking out our window we could see the pine trees on the hillside but was located just a short drive from... More
- Official Description (provided by the hotel):
- Located just outside of the city of Flagstaff, the Abineau Lodge borders Coconino National Forest on two sides with easy access to hiking and mountain bike trails. Each of the eight cozy guest rooms has an in room bathroom, lodge style furnishings and operable windows to maintain "climate control"-also called mountain air conditioning. A newly opened wine bar is in the downstairs lounge, and an upstairs game room is equipped for reading, puzzles, games and watching TV. A full, home cooked breakfast is included in our rates. We have one accessible guestroom. Two rooms are small dog friendly and an onsite kennel is available for larger pets. Perfect for honeymoons, anniversaries, babymoons, romantic get-aways of all sorts, relaxing escapes for couples, friends, alone or with family. ... more less
- Reservation Options:
- TripAdvisor is proud to partner with Booking.com, Priceline, Travelocity, Hotels.com and Tingo so you can book your Abineau Lodge B and B reservations with confidence. We help millions of travellers each month to find the perfect hotel for both holiday and business trips, always with the best discounts and special offers.

domain: travel


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Brazil 1954-1961: VW Fusca leads the way
The VW Beetle, called “Fusca” locally, started being assembled in Brazil in 1953 with parts imported from Germany, but by 1959 the cars were 100% made in Brazil. It was an instant success, and the Fusca would go on to lead the models ranking in Brazil for over 25 years from 1954, all the way through the sixties and seventies up until 1980. Its market share would peak at over 50% in 1967 and its production would peak at over 250,000 units in 1972.
Along with the Fusca, VW produced the Karmann Ghia which, although not a mass hit, was an original addition to VW’s range in Brazil.

domain: history


It is advisable to wash the windshield carefully with a commercial glass cleaner at least once a month. Remove the oil level dipstick. Ford makes all the Owners Manuals for their entire lineup, 1996 and newer, available online: www. Be sure to check the level only when the car is sitting level. If a distributor is not keyed for installation with only one orientation, it could have been removed previously and rewired. To avoid personal injury, be sure there is proper ventilation and take appropriate fire safety precautions when working with or near a battery.
For 4 wheel drive vehicles, see Section 7. Lubricate all rocker arm assemblies with heavy engine oil. Make sure that the sealing ring is properly installed on the thermostat rim. On models with the rear locking differential, use only locking differential fluid Ford part No. You can also purchase a Haynes or Chilton's repair manual at most auto parts stores, if you need detailed repair information.
Remove the heater hose connection at the water pump Remove all of the water pump attaching bolts. Remove the thermostat from the housing. Remove the floor jack from beneath the transmission fluid pan. Disconnect the negative battery cable. It would be virtually impossible to catalog every tool that you would need to perform all of the operations in this book. Ensure that the fluid added to the power steering pump reservoir is new and clean.
Connect replace gasket if so equipped the exhaust pipe to the manifold, then tighten the attaching nuts to 30 ft. Leave the fan shroud over the fan assembly. Its just behind the glove box under in the engine compartment. Lower the engine onto the front engine support insulators. Do not connect the hose from the R134 t … o the high pressure side,, It could blow up in your face.
Oil pan installation on the 4. If equipped, remove the engine damper mounting bracket from the engine. Both body types measured 70. Tighten the head bolts in sequence to 5 ft. Clamps are usually either of the spring tension type which require pliers to squeeze the tabs and loosen or of the screw tension type which require screw or hex drivers to loosen. Tap the manifold lightly with a plastic mallet and remove it. If the left cylinder head is being removed: Remove the accessory drive belt.
This will help prevent dirt from contaminating the differential housing while the cover is removed. Use finger pressure only; do not use any tools. My goal: - Possible change the gear ratio, i'm barely doing 65mph at 3500 rpm, i do long road trip with some offroad, 75mph would be nice at least! Install the intake manifold gasket and again apply the sealer. You may want to cover the differential gears using a rag or piece of plastic to prevent contaminating them with dirt or pieces of the old gasket. When using silicone rubber sealer, assembly must occur within 15 minutes after sealer application. Remove the alternator bolts, then remove the alternator from the engine.
Install the camshaft gear and chain. Firmly apply the parking brake and place blocks in back of the rear wheels. Reconnect the negative battery cable. Be careful; the fins are very soft. In all honesty, i do not know yet! Use a rag to shield your fingers from the heat. Connect all wires and lines disconnected from the engine.
Lift off the cylinder head s. Disconnect the heater hose at the pump. Install the alternator adjusting arm and brace. . Install the air intake hose and attach the wire harness connections which were removed.
When selecting tires, pay attention to the original size as marked on the tire. Instrument panels contain a number of indicating devices gauges and warning lights. If yes, can i only swap the top electronic portion and not do the syncgronization procedure? Start the engine and check for leaks. Make sure any gaskets or seals are removed with the old filter. Two-door models seated four on front buckets and a rear bench.
The square panel type retains the housing cover by bolts or, on later models, bail clips. Be careful not to mix the two types. I've never seen a free downloadable one before, but there at any of the classic mustang sites you can buy a nice reproduction owners manual. Our mirrors are backed by a 1-year Kool Vue limited warranty - you can't go wrong with Kool Vue Mirrors! Partially lower the vehicle and support it with jackstands in the new position. If the seal needs replacing, follow the procedures under installation. Inspect the manifold for cracks and damaged gasket mating surfaces.


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Section 718.202 of the Florida Condominium Act sought to address the extent that condominium developers could apply contract deposits to pay costs involved in construction of a project. This Section of the Condominium Act allowed deposits in excess of 10% of the purchase price to be used, with appropriate language in the sales contracts for expenditures used in the “actual construction and development” of the project. The meaning of “actual construction and development” was far from clear other than the specific prohibition on using such deposits for “salaries, commissions, expenses of salespersons or for advertising purposes” as contained in the statute. Many attorneys advised that the safest course was to limit use of deposits to actual “hard” costs of construction, e.g., brick and mortar costs.
The 2021 Legislature provided further clarification on what would be permitted and what would not on the use of contract deposits.
On the permitted side are expenses for demolition, site clearing, permit fees, impact fees, and utility reservation fees, as well as fees incurred for architectural, engineering and, surveying services if they directly relate to the project.
Additional exclusions are marketing or promotional expenses, loan fees and costs, principal and interest payments under the construction loan, attorney and accountant fees, and insurance costs.
This legislation was included in CS/CS/SB 630 and will become effective July 1, 2021. One might argue that since this legislation is, in effect, a clarification of existing law, although not described as such, it should be interpreted as effective immediately. The most prudent course, however, would be to wait until after July 1 to utilize deposits for the purposes specifically permitted by the new statute. Bill is awaiting Governor’s signature.

domain: law


text: An elegant space in itself, the Kasturi Apostrophe makes a bold statement, highlighting your taste and style. Every home is designed to make intuitive use of space. These residences are privy to an exquisite panoramic view of the city. Apostrophe Hinjawadi is your home base for your daily excursions to everything of your need. Sitting at the threshold of Hinjawadi, a truly cosmopolitan neighbourhood. Apostrophe Hinjawadi exudes a sense of intimate community setting in an ideal location, wherein intuitive design converges upon modern convenience.


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WHEN Instagram pro Izabella collaborated with a make-up artist she at least expected to be able to recognise herself.
In a bid to promote both of their social media accounts, the pair teamed up to create a sultry make-up look.
NINTCHDBPICT000717501191Credit: izabellaris/Tik Tok
When the artist posted a picture of the finished look on Instagram later that day Izabella was baffled.
Although the artist applied a lot of heavy make-up, there was something off.
The picture looked nothing like the Insta queen, it was obvious it had been edited.
Completely smoothing out her skin and seemingly adding a tanning filter it looked nothing like her.
“She gave me MJ’s nose,” the beauty hopeful joked, referencing Michael Jackson’s nose which was famously altered by surgery.
Izabella’s natural nose, which was already button-like, had been shrunk significantly.
Having done collaborations with other people and brands before she probably was sure the project would run smoothly.
“I was lowkey offended,” She confessed to her followers.
Viewers of the video couldn’t believe what the makeup artist had done: “It’s such false advertising if they do that!!”
NINTCHDBPICT000717501190Credit: izabellaris/Tik Tok
Another commented that they had a similar experience: “This happened to me too, I looked ridiculous after it was too much!”
A seconded added: “OMG that happened to someone I know, they changed everything. Literally EVERYTHING.”
Izabella, replied adding that: ” I fully thought I needed a nose job after seeing it.”
Other viewers were reassuring: “You don’t need any editing!!!”


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Vegaz Casino is an online casino accepting crypto currency, a platform where members can enjoy a collection of games like video slots, table games and there’s a live casino as well. There is plenty of variety thanks to numerous software providers that include big names like NetEnt, Microgaming, Pragmatic Play, Endorphina, Quickspin, Push Gaming and Evolution Gaming. Players will be able to access the casino through their web browsers or on the go.
Unfortunately, there are some country restrictions here which means some players will be excluded from opening an account. Players should see the full list of restricted countries and territories under ‘more casino details’.
Players can open the casino lobby to enjoy lots of video slots from multiple software providers so there will always be something different to choose from. The lobby is easy to use and games can be sorted by their provider which can make it easier for players to find their favourite games. Players can also quickly find the games they love by using the search engine which can find any game almost instantly.
There are table games here as well which includes variations of blackjack and roulette. Players who like card games can also enjoy different games of poker and can play against other players or the dealer.
Speaking of poker, there is a collection of video poker games also available in the casino lobby. There are loads of the most popular games like Deuces Wild and Joker Poker and many of the games also come in single hand and multi hand variations.
Players can also enjoy virtual games like racing and sports.
There is a live dealer lounge here too with games that are hosted by the likes of Evolution Gaming and Ezugi. These include games like Live Poker, Live Roulette and Live Baccarat. They are open around the clock and have betting limits to suit all.
The casino can also be played on the go with the mobile version of their site. Players can use their mobile browser to enjoy a large selection of the casinos most popular games and they won’t need to worry about an app. Devices that run iOS and Android can enjoy the casino.
Anyone who needs help and assistance can contact the casinos customer support team. The fastest way to get help is by using their live chat facility where a customer support agent will be on hand to help 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. Players can also email the casino if they find they need further assistance.
The casino does make sure that players personal and financial transactions are kept safe by encrypting data before it is sent over their server.
Their games are also monitored for fairness as they use a random number generator to ensure fair results at all times.

domain: entertainment


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|Show time: The biennial festival aims to promote tourism in Khanh Hoa Province, especially Nha Trang Bay – one of the world's 30 most beautiful bays. — Photo laodong.com.vn
NHA TRANG (VNS) — More than 25,000 people including thousands of international tourists enjoyed a stunning art performance on Saturday night to kick off the Nha Trang Beach Festival 2015.
The biennial festival aims to promote tourism in Khanh Hoa Province, especially the Nha Trang Bay – one of the world's 30 most beautiful bays.
Focused on the theme Blue Sea Forever, the performance highlighted the rich culture of the Nha Trang-Khanh Hoa region, and told the story of the tough lives of fishermen there who protect the marine environment and national sovereignty.
Nearly 200 dancers and more than 700 amateur performers participated in the 90-minute performance.
The night also featured Vietnamese stars such as My Tam, Dan Truong, Kasim Hoang Vu, Ha Anh Tuan and Duc Tuan.
Speaking at the opening ceremony, Minister of the Culture, Sports and Tourism Hoang Tuan Anh said the event highlighted the city and region's tourism potential and unique local cultural features.
The opening ceremony was concluded with a colourful fireworks display.
The four-day festival features several sports and cultural activities including a sailing competition, swimwear fashion show, vintage Vespa scooter drive and a food festival.
Tourists can also visit an exhibition entitled: Spratly and Paracel Archipelagos – Historical and Legal Evidence, showcasing old maps and valuable documents. The objects on display prove that the two archipelagos belong to Viet Nam.
In addition, a photo exhibition with the theme: The Country's Sea and Islands is expected to draw visitors.
During the festival, local authorities will also call on visitors to raise their awareness of the marine environment and the protection of natural resources. — VNS

domain: geography


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As a kid there were only a few places I was allowed to spend the night; my uncle’s house was one of those places. His wife was not a cook, but one thing she made often was cherry dump cake. Lately I’ve been fantasizing thinking about it. Often. I’ve mentioned it to a few people and get the same blank reaction. (Cue chirping crickets.) Even my mother doesn’t remember it. (?)
So, I’ve brushed up on my dump cake making skills via the Pioneer Woman. You do know the Pioneer Woman, Ree Drummond, right? No, well let me help you. She is pure awesomeness. She writes cookbooks, takes photos and homeschools her four kids. In February 2011, she will release another book–The Pioneer Woman: Black Heels to Tractor Wheels–A Love Story. Enough of my gushing and on to my
generic super simple recipe.
How to make it: Peel the paper off of empty tin cans. Fill each can half way with pie filling and the other half with cake mix. Top with a dollop of butter.
Place the filled cans on a cookie sheet and bake at 375° for about an hour. After 20 mins. poke the top with a knife to help the pie filling bake up through the cake mix. Let set for 10 mins., then dump it on a plate. Add whipped cream and eat.

domain: food


Parks and gardens
The Fraser Coast has two botanic gardens - one among the oldest in Australia, while the other grows out of 6,000 year old sand dunes and 80 other parks, gardens, playgrounds and recreational areas.
Bookings are not required for parties in parks unless there is a jumping castle or it is for a wedding.
Please contact our parks department to confirm availability of that area to ensure no other bookings have been made.
You can make application to book the Orchid House or a Council park or reserve for a wedding.
The booking fee for a Council park or reserve is $73.80. The Botanic Gardens is $73.80 and $105.00 for the Orchid House.
Below is an application form which needs to be submitted with payment.
Please note that all bookings are subject to availability.
- Hervey Bay Orchid House
- Hervey Bay parks and gardens
- Maryborough parks and gardens
- Tiaro, Woocoo and surrounds parks and gardens
- eBooking - Event Activity Form - Operation of Temporary Entertainment Event (PDF127kB
- Parklands and reserve small events - conditions of hire
- Booking Application for Botanic Gardens
- Botanic Gardens and Orchid House information brochure (PDF,7.6MB)
- Wook-Koo Park and Story Walk information brochure (PDF,6.6MB)
- Application for licence to occupy Council park / reserve (PDF,131kB)
- Fact sheet - street trees (PDF,2.1MB)
- Application to plant street trees on Council controlled land (PDF,2.2MB)
If you would like more information about Council's parks and gardens, please call our Customer Service Centre on 1300 79 49 29.


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The LG G3 was the 2014 flagship device for LG, and was one of the first smartphones on the market with a 5.5-inch 2560 x 1440 display. It featured a Snapdragon 801 processor, 2GB or 3GB of RAM, 16GB or 32GB of internal storage, a microSD card slot, and a 13MP.


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Outrage Up against the Transgender Discrimination
Whenever talking about the challenge from discrimination, transgender discrimination looks like a life threatening disease with it. When you find yourself always focus on transgender issue, it is possible to look for reports on the transgender discrimination once you discover the television therefore the News Papers. While you are, all the circumstances and reports to your transgender men and women are reigned over because of the hateful and you will ruining rhetoric. Because a susceptible neighborhood, transgender individuals are always disheartened, several actually come to suicide https://hookupwebsites.org/hookup-review/. With an increase of and anyone hear transgender neighborhood, you could potentially bring your cardiovascular system from the proven fact that you’ll find people who are amicable to transgender people. The newest followers out-of transgender neighborhood said that they’ll fight against transgender discrimination with their work, everybody has the legal right to identify its gender identity.
Not surprisingly, certain transgender and you may non-transgender stars and additionally assistance transgender people. It continue high dating with transgender neighborhood, it speak getting transgender neighborhood in public places. Due to the determine from social networking, ts relationship neighborhood will get more info on appeal in the external business. Certain transgender anybody share the reports on line, by this method, more and more people start to understand transgender individuals, and you may transgender somebody no longer is a mystical classification in a lot of man’s vision. Similar to many of us, transgender individuals are born with the exact same rights as well as the possible to acquire victory. People that do not seen this time might miss the possibility to understand the realities to be trans. We need to constantly be sympathy and empathy to help you transgender somebody, he or she is our other individuals. People are treated with like and you will admiration, and transgender some body. As the most vulnerable community inside our community, all transgender some one need certainly to manage their interior disease prior to facing the stress about outside business. To have transgender someone, there are many hard trouble to manage than most people. What’s worse, someone else are not always friendly to them and therefore makes it even much harder to allow them to inhabit the fresh neighborhood.
Of a lot connections finders view it embarrassing and come up with guidelines just before a beneficial dating starts, therefore disregard this step
Since an excellent transgender person, you should not always be soft to help you discrimination and you may prejudice for the you. You should born and you will rave during the lifestyle, and try your best in order to fury from the passing away away from equal rights. Wise men know that ist it is a lengthy techniques in the event that good transgender person must thave the new equal rights, so they never ever surrender, they just keep going and unable to the greater existence. If you’re, bad boys just remain at a similar place and you may wait for facilitate off their somebody. Do not constantly believe in others, if you wish to getting recognized and you may adored, you ought to need work at least. I do believe it’s about time on how to investigate inspirational stroies away from famous transgender anyone instance Bruce Jenner, Laverne Cox. I happened to be deeply moved by the reports. Once the a transgender people, I understand they’re able to arouse how you feel, your life story and you can assistance is changed through this way.
3: Chat Chat try a-room where you can type texts in order to flirt with your one night dating lovers. Whenever you are perhaps not brand new VIP member, you could merely located certain wants on person that such you, but you are unable to posting what you should say back into him or her. Certain restrictions try current. For this reason, which will make you’ve got the chance to meet with the one night link people, Hookoo, the newest tinder connection app, produces package solution for every member. Users can decide included in this considering its pecuniary position. You can find three kinds of packages: $ for example week,$ for three weeks,$ to possess half a year. It depends to your yourselves that which bundle to choose.
Actually, it is a very incorrect and you may almost fatal approach. This type of legislation will be the compass one guides the NSA relationship. When you have the advice plus the objective, you are able to the latest boat disperse steadily. If not, you may be missing within mess. Although rule you will be making is that you need to get two people so you can agree, to make sure each other some body will enjoy the newest quick flirt relationship.
Make certain individuals knows your local area and you can who you really are having. That is understood but value repeated. If you wish to become alone having anybody you never discover, make sure to give somebody you know. Send a text with the family unit members or call them to inform them your local area supposed and when might return. Odds are some thing becomes very bad. You should make sure to allow individuals understand in which you and who you are that have at the very least.
Individuals are therefore additional, all you have to carry out now is to exhibit your variations and become more confident than simply you to definitely, that’ll give you much more dating options and you may have more anyone. I do believe one to providing you do the things i state, a great everyday dating are going to be very around you.

domain: sociology


Chaste Embrace Dance New Years Eve Party
Sorry, this event’s been and gone
|Fri 31 Dec ’10, 8:00pm||
Where: Auckland Normal Intermediate School, Poronui St, Auckland
Restrictions: All Ages
- GA: $17.00
Event listed by: Ian Dustin
New Years special event. Music & song for pleasure & dance. DJ & singer Ian Dustin will be playing ballroom, Latin American, new vogue and more.
Floor show and supper. Party till midnight.
What to wear: dress like today is important.
Be there and have fun.


text: Worship and Sin: Religion-Related Crime in the United States raises provocative questions about the role of religion in crime and criminal behavior. Arguing that religion-related crime should be classified as a distinct subset of crime worthy of continued investigation by scholars, this book brings together for the first time the disparate scholarly research related to various types of religion-related crime, presents numerous examples, and considers the practical and legal issues facing practitioners of various disciplines. This ground-breaking work takes great care to present a comprehensive overview of the phenomenon and illustrates the complex and multidimensional nature of this crime category. A three-pronged typology is presented as a conceptual framework to distinguish the unique features of different types of religion-related crime and to highlight the dynamic historical, psychological, social, and cultural forces involved in each. The author opens the text with several introductory chapters which serve to define religion-related crime, explore the role of religion in society, and to provide an overview of legal and policy issues. The remaining chapters provide detailed examples of three different types of religion-related crime: theologically-based crimes, which are those which are a result of a particular religious custom, practice, or belief; while reactive/defensive crimes are those which come about more as a result of social or political tensions between the religious member or group and the broader secular community. The third type of religion-related crime identified is the abuse of religious authority. This category explores crimes committed by clergy who have taken advantage of their social, political, and religious status. To further broaden an understanding of religion-related crime, the author provides chapters which explore crimes against women and children, the use of illicit drugs in religious practice or to reach desired states of spiritual awareness, the nature and function of destructive religious groups, violence against reproductive health providers, hate crime, and crimes committed by clergy.

domain: library


Pulverizers for polymers and other materials
In the pulverizers segment, MAAG offers a wide range of pulverizers for different throughput ranges and applications. Our state-of-the-art product portfolio is based on 30 years of research, development, ongoing system improvement, and in-depth know-how in the grinding of plastics and other materials. The range of pulverizers extends from units for small throughputs such as for laboratory or pilot plant operations to pulverizer systems for medium to high throughputs. Key process parameters are the pulverizer disk geometry, the grinding gap setting, the feed rate of the input material, the temperature in the grinding chamber, and the screen fineness. Our pulverizer systems are characterized by high efficiency and top performance in terms of the ratio of produced kilograms to consumed energy.
Lab Pulverizer REX tech
The REX tech, our lab scale pulverizer, makes sampling and trials for R&D fast and simple. Depending on the selected equipment, the REX tech can be cooled with ambient air or nitrogen. This versatile plastic pulverizer can service a wide variety of applications in which top-quality sample powders are required. Almost anything can be trialed… [...]
Pulverizer REX basic
The REX basic pulverizer was designed for users who do not require tight particle distribution specification. It can be used to pulverize a wide variety of materials. This air-cooled pulverizer serves compounding, extrusion, molding, and recycling markets. To further enhance its process capabilities, several different process cooling innovations can be added to the machine. Some… [...]
Pulverizing System 85XLP
The pulverizing system 85XLP, with its compact design, is the perfect fit for the medium throughput range or the ideal solution for in-house production. This unit of the plastic pulverizer, with its integrated PLC controls, assures fully automatic production at a high level with very little operating effort. As with all of our pulverizers, this… [...]
Pulverizing System REX duo
The REX duo series serves the demanding end user with expectations of best quality powder and highest throughput rates. Efficient utilization of its entire available power makes the REX duo Series the most economical ambient pulverizer in relation to kilograms produced versus power consumed. A small footprint (owing to its very compact dimensions) make this… [...]
Our cryogenic plastic pulverizing system uses liquid nitrogen to cool down the feed material prior to and/or during milling to either help prevent its melting or decomposition, or achieve embrittlement. Because each product is unique, therefor throughput rates for powder production vary from those achieved with ambient air. [...]
Pulverizer for laboratories
The Maag laboratory pulverizer offers the versatility and flexibility required for laboratory and pilot plant applications. It can be operated at both ambient and cryogenic temperatures. Maag laboratory pulverizers can be used to grind polymers ranging from synthetic resins to rubber to adhesives, as well as pharmaceuticals, and even including food grades, into top-quality powder.
Pulverizer for a wide variety of applications
The REX basic pulverizer is designed for applications that do not demand a particularly tight grain size distribution. This makes it ideal for processing a wide variety of materials, especially in polymer compounding, extrusion, mold-making, and recycling.
Compact pulverizer 85XLP
Compact pulverizers are the perfect solution for medium throughput ranges, and are ideal for in-house production. The 85XLP multi-purpose pulverizers enable fully automatic production in the medium throughput range, with maximum quality performance and low operating cost. They are also the ideal solution for in-house production. Quick cleandowns and short changeover times are further benefits.
High-performance pulverizers for high demands
We meet demands for top powder quality and extraordinarily high throughput rates with our high-performance pulverizers. That improves efficiency in terms of the ratio of produced powder to required energy. Highly demanding powder producers, in particular, benefit from the performance of the pulverizer and the compact footprint of the plant.
Cryogenic pulverizers for temperature-sensitive materials
The cryogenic Maag pulverizer uses liquid nitrogen to cool the input material before and/or during the grinding process. The extremely low temperature prevents melting of materials with a low melting point and leads to finer grains.
Accessories for pulverizers
Special retrofit kits allow the use of disposable disk technology even in pulverizers already in service. Our patented disposable pulverizer disks eliminate the need for the costly and time-consuming external sharpening process. The disposable pulverizer disks are simply replaced by new ones. The new pulverizer disks are thinner and lighter. Their light weight also improves handling during installation and removal, and reduces modification times correspondingly.
The COLORex color mixer is a great alternative to conventional high-speed mixers. The mixing process is directly downstream of the grinding process. Both dry and liquid pigments can be used for coloring. Typical cleaning times of a conventional system are shortened by the COLORex.


|« Transparency and Honest Counsel in the Mayor's Office||President of Chicago Teachers Union and Pilsen Environmental Rights Organization on Democracy Now! »|
Education Wed Feb 22 2012
Richard T. Crane Technical Preparatory High School (Crane High School), on the Near West Side, will become a high school focused on training students to enter the medical field, rather than being closed.
"I am pleased that the Crane Coalition, led by CPS CEO Jean-Claude Brizard and Illinois State Senator Annazette Collins, has come to an agreement with CPS and members of the local community," said Mayor Rahm Emanuel in a press statement.
"It looks like we saved Crane HS," said Ald. Bob Fioretti in a tweet, whose 2nd ward includes Crane.
Crane High School was to be closed in what Brizard called a phasing out of the "worst of the worst" schools.
In the past year, the school had a graduation rate of 48 percent, and average daily attendance was 58 percent. The school's progress report can be found online here.


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Warrior Top Mango
Warrior - Armour for the humble Warrior
The new Warrior Tops are made from TENCEL™ Lyocell fibres in a closed loop system, where 99% of waste chemicals are re-used. It's absorbent, super soft and biodegradable.
The Warrior Singlet is the perfect top to wear for any asana practice. Slimmer fit and cropped, finishing just a few centimetres above our high waisted leggings.
- Slimmer fitting Crop Singlet
- Looks great in the yoga studio and on the street
- Pairs perfectly with our Maya Leggings or Ananda Pants
Made from 92% TENCEL™, 8% Spandex.
Tencel is made from cellulose in wood pulp, which is harvested from tree-farmed trees. Cellulose is the natural polymer that makes up the living cells of all vegetation. The tree farms have been established on land unsuitable for food crops or grazing.
The fiber is produced via an advanced ‘closed loop’ solvent spinning process, with minimal impact on the environment and economical use of energy and water. The solvent used in the process is toxic but 99% is recovered and continually recycled.
Gentle hand-washed in cold water with a gentle detergent. Drip dry.
Tencel will shrink about 3% with the first washing and will resist shrinking from then on. All Indigo Luna garments have already been pre-shrunk with one gentle wash cycle
If you must touch up the garment with an iron, use a warm iron only. Too much direct heat may scorch the fabric.
One of the properties of Tencel is its potential to fibrillate. Fibrillation is where the wet fiber, through abrasive action, develops micro-fibrils (or tiny fibers) on its surface and beomes a little 'fluffy'. Please take care to only hand wash these garments and be gentle, especially when the garment is wet.


I am from a traditional computer vision background and is recently trying to learn deep learning. One thing that confuses me a lot is when the trained network is not performing to the desired accuracy, what are the logical ways to tune the network to increase the accuracy?
I've heard some of my friends said "get more data", or "randomly try adding one more layer and see if the result is better" or "just train longer and see what happens". I found these approach very heuristic and illogical.
In traditional computer vision you could break the problem down into sub-stages and logically find out where the error source is and attempt to fix it. For example, we can find out that the essential matrix is bad because there is not enough feature matches, hence we can loosen the threshold a little bit to increase the number of matches.
I tried looking at the intermediate output of a deep neural network but I am unable to infer anything meaningful. Hence I can only treat this giant deep neural network as a blackbox and randomly tuning the network hoping the results will luckily improve.
I would appreciate any expert input on how to identify why the current deep neural network is not performing well, and what are the logical ways to improve it.


We urgently require an experienced Guillotine Setter/Operator to join a leading manufacturing company based in the heart of Birmingham.
Based on days working 14:30 to 22:45 Monday to Friday your duties will include setting and operating an Amada Guillotine to produce aluminium and steel components for the construction industry..
The successful candidate must be able to read technical drawings and use measurements to cut sheet metal to various sizes and shapes.
Candidates with a C/B FLT & Overhead Crane Licence preferred but other applicants will be considered with Guillotine Setting/Operating experience.
Immediate start and overtime available, excellent opportunity.
(click "adview.online" below for full description)


Impacts of the Budget Axe
Last week USAID Administrator Rajiv Shah testified before the House State and Foreign Operations Subcommittee on the impact of proposed budget cuts to his agency.Administrator Shah indicated that proposed cuts in foreign aid as reflected in H.R. 1 would result in 70,000 children dying. Most of those deaths would stem from the curtailment of malaria-control programs in Africa.
Republicans advocating for the program cuts dismissed Shah’s figures as “speculation.” However, what is interesting is that the very malaria programs that are now targeted for cuts were the product of the previous Bush administration.
Washington Post conservative columnist Michael Gerson — a frequent critic of the Obama administration and a former Bush speechwriter — argues in favor of keeping the USAID programs. Gerson has seen young children needlessly die in Africa from preventable diseases. I highly recommend reading his column about the cuts to the USAID malaria programs. With all the recent criticism waged against U.S. foreign aid, it is refreshing to hear Gerson’ s voice join Shah’s in speaking up on behalf of the children.
See All Blog Posts


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Enchanted Vintage Who remembers Sarah Coventry jewelry? I remember my mom, aunties, and Nana going to these home parties when I was a little girl. It was a mark of being a "lady" to wear a piece of Sarah Coventry jewelry. I remember getting a necklace for some special occasion and being so excited that it was a Sarah piece. This jewelry company is still in business! (Who knew?) But if you are like me, it is the older, vintage pieces of this jewelry line that catch your eye. Nellie of Enchanted Vintage has a wonderful offering of vintage accessories. These are high end pieces, but well worth the asking price. My current favorite in her studio is the Vintage 1968 Sarah Coventry Fashion Petals Brooch and Earring Set. It's a gorgeous peach color that is to die for. Go check it out if you love vintage!
B. Inspired Vintage Krissy's studio is filled with all sorts of 70's and earlier fun items. What first caught my eye was an "O is for Owl" page she rescued from a 1930's alphabet book. We all know how trendy owls are right now. It's adorable! What else did I see? Those snap together animal parts from Tupperware. Cool! Golden Atomic Starburst Glasses that are clearly from the Cold War/atomic age. Perfect for the bomb shelter in your back yard. Go see if Krissy's studio brings back some childhood memories!
Art Deco Luxe Va va va voom! Marilyn Monroe, Audrey Hepburn, Doris Day....all these chic ladies wore kitten heels. Who wouldn't want a pair of black sparkly kitten heels lined in 1950's pink? Gorgeous! This studio owner from Mesa, Arizona may not have lots and lots of items up for sale, but boy oh boy! I would kill for some of this stuff. Mostly these shoes. But alas, they are too small for my old feet. If Art Deco Luxe ever comes across a larger pair though, step back, they're mine!
Carymeover is a studio that carries new and vintage items. I found this lovely little pin cushion made fom a lace doily and a custard tin. (No plastic pudding cps yet!) How clever and I love that someone was being crafty with items they had on hand way back when. Some of the newer items include soap-making supplies and a Black Bamboo Blended Shawl made from bamboo yarn by Lauren herself. Carymeover is worth a look and see.
old bag vintage Love that name! Not pages and pages of items here, but what is available are real treasures. I immediately fell in love with this 1960s Pretty in Pink Poie de Soie Clutch Evening Bag Purse. How Doris and Audrey is that?!? I might have to buy this if I ever have a sale of my own. Haha. I really like the pink earrings in this studio as well. Check out this New Jersey-based seller soon.

domain: hobby


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Many parents put on a brave face in those early months with their baby, according to a new survey
You read the baby books, babysit your BFF’s little one and do all the prep you can during pregnancy, but new parenthood is often still a massive learning curve.
A steeper one than many of us think it’ll be, according to a new study.
More than three in four new mums and dads find the first three months of parenthood harder than they expected.
The biggest challenges? Unsurprising, a lack of sleep came out tops, followed by financial strain, relationship difficulties, getting out of the house and feeling the pressure to know all the answers.
Yet despite this, 90 per cent of the 1,000 parents surveyed by nursery retailer Kiddicare admit they exaggerate how well they’re coping to put on a brave face.
More than three in four new mums and dads find the first three months of parenthood harder than they expected
The poll also discovered that 41 per cent wouldn’t accept or ask for help from family and friends because they don’t want to appear to be struggling – highlighting again that pressure to feel like you have everything covered and under control.
It’s not all about the difficulties, though. Parents also revealed their favourite parts of having a new baby.
Number one is the little things, so the smiles, cuddles and gurgles (aw, definitely!) while others including feeding, baby bath time and making new friends.
What was your biggest challenge of new parenthood? Let us know on the comments board below.

domain: news


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Whether you're heading to Myrtle Point for business or pleasure, you should have an ideal ride to get you around the city. See the top hot spots around town and park in front of the hottest new restaurant in town in your nifty vehicle.
- - Are you looking for a convertible to get that Myrtle Point breeze through the windows?
- - Want to power your way through valleys and hills in an SUV?
- - Are you looking for a compact vehicle to parallel park into tiny slots downtown?
Whatever you're looking for, we have it, and we're more than ready to make your vacation smooth and affordable.
Travel to Myrtle Point
When was the last time you saw live music, went on a shopping spree, toured a new museum, or tried out a new dish? If you can't remember, it's time to pack. When you're looking for a jaunt in a new place, Myrtle Point is an ideal place. It's a wonder that you haven't booked that Myrtle Point rental car already, with Myrtle Point's good people, good food, and plentiful things to experience. Book the ideal car for your trip's needs, and get to know what this city is all about.
Book Your Myrtle Point Rental Car with CarRentals.com
Maybe you're carpooling with co-workers to and from the hotel to the conference center, maybe you're traveling solo, or maybe you're bringing your partner or kids in tow. No matter who you are traveling with, you need a car that can fit your requirement and not break your wallet. Know that you can count on a wonderful ride that will leave you with cash to spare when you book with CarRentals.com. Cash in on cheap deals on your Myrtle Point rental car when you book with CarRentals.com. We'll see you out here.


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Located in the city heart of Montpellier, in the pedestrian shopping streets, at 100m of Saint-Roch Church, at 300m of Comedie place behind the Opera and 500m of Saint-Roch railway station.
Very bright, calm, situated at the 3rd and last floor overlooking an interior courtyard, 28 sqm furnished one bedroom apartment fully renovated.
This apartment includes: a kitchen, a bedroom and a bathroom.
Ideally located to discover Montpellier and its nearby area or for a business trip.
Historic and center area, the flat is located at the foot of shops and only few minutes of all monuments, restaurants and bars of Montpellier city.
With this ideal localization, you have the possibil…
From the flat, you could easily access by foot to:
- Montpellier train station (Saint Roch) at 10minutes.
- 2 tramway stations “Comedie” (tramway line 1-2) or “L’Observatoire” (tramway line 3-4) at …


The operation is underway at Pincastle Range Complex in eastern portions off the forest.
The U.S. Navy is conducting training bombing runs over the Pinecastle Range Complex, known as the Pincastle bombing range, today through Saturday.
According to a U.S. Navy press release, live bombing will take place today at Pinecastle between 10 a.m. and noon, and on Friday and Saturday between 10 a.m. and midnight.
Inert bombs, which are filled with concrete and do not explode, will be dropped today from noon to midnight, and Friday and Saturday between 10 a.m. and midnight.
The bombing practice began Monday. In February, practice bombing runs created a stir among residents living in the Ocala National Forest.
“During bombing periods wildlife may be temporarily displaced,” a press release states. “Use extra caution when driving through the Ocala National Forest and surrounding areas.”
The Lake County Sheriff's Office warned residents that bombing will be taking place.
“Secure any items around your residence that could attract wildlife. Always be mindful of larger animals including black bears and practice bear-wise measures,” the U.S. Navy release states.
To register complaints call the Fleet Area Control and Surveillance Facility in Jacksonville at 1-800-874-5059. For additional information, call 904-542-5588.
The Pinecastle Bombing Range is on 5,760 acres in an unfenced area in the Ocala National Forest. The range is located off State Road 19 in far eastern Ocala National Forest.
F-18 jet fighters and other aircraft take off from Jacksonville Naval Air Station, and drop live and inert bombs in the middle 450 acres of the range, a press release states.


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Ibn Taymiyya: Makers of the Muslim World
Ibn Taymiyya (1263-1328) of Damascus was one of the most prominent and controversial religious scholars of medieval Islam. He called for jihad against the Mongol invaders of Syria, appealed to the foundational sources of Islam for reform, and battled against religious innovation. Today, he inspires such diverse movements as Global Salafism, Islamic revivalism and modernism, and violent jihadism.
This volume synthesizes the latest research, discusses many little-known aspects of Ibn Taymiyya's thought, and highlights the religious utilitarianism that pervades his activism, ethics, and theology.


Miley Cyrus, the star of 'Hannah Montana: The Movie', has slammed rumor suggesting she would fill in the voice of Brittany the Chipette in 'Alvin and the Chipmunks' sequel.
Miley Cyrus won't be heard sounding a high-pitched voiceover in "Alvin and the Chipmunks: The Squeakuel". Responding to the flying speculation that she will be providing voice to Brittany the Chipette in the sequel of 2007 comedy "Alvin and the Chipmunks", the 16-year-old claimed that she is looking for an edgier role than the CGI cartoons.
"I want to get some edgy roles, not 'Alvin and the Chipmunks'," the star of Disney TV series "Hannah Montana" explained to MTV, before revealing that she also won't star in the re-imagining of '80s classic "Adventures in Babysitting". She then stressed, "I'm definitely going for more edgy roles right now."
Denying the casting report, the starlet, who will be seen in theaters when feature comedy "Hannah Montana: The Movie" hits U.S. theaters on April 10, furthermore pointed out that she herself hasn't heard about the rumor. "Everyone's said that today," so she claimed. "No, I hadn't even heard that rumor yet."
A sequel to "Alvin and the Chipmunks", "Alvin and the Chipmunks: The Squeakuel" will see the harmony singing chipmunks going to school and trouble coming in the form of their female counterparts, the Chipettes. The Chipettes consist of Brittany, Jeanette and Eleanor Miller. Targeted for U.S. release on December 25, the movie is expected to hear Justin Long, Matthew Gray Gubler and Jesse McCartney once again as the voice of Alvin, Simon and Theodore.


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I see a lot of people, particularly on Twitter, mentioning their pet peeves in books, or tropes that they’ve seen so much, they can’t stand the sight of it one more time. And usually, though I understand where they’re coming from, I 100% disagree!
Happy Friday, awesome people! I hope school/work/life is going well for all of you!
I know a lot of readers are huge, avid, die-hard Harry Potter fans. While I enjoyed the Harry Potter books, I am a far cry from their biggest fan. Because of this, I have quite a few unpopular opinions when it comes to the series. These days, some are far less unpopular than others, but still…
Without any further ado, my unpopular opinions about Harry Potter!

domain: literature


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SHANNON B. HERNDON, COUNTY EXTENSION 4-H AGENT
4-H’ers learned how to cook crepes, wontons, fajitas, and spinach macaroni while learning proper food preparation, food safety, and nutrition at 4-H Cooking Like a Chef held in Bamberg County July 12-14. Participants put their food and nutrition skills to the test during the Mystery Challenge presented during the parent program at the end of camp.
Bamberg County 4-H Teen Leaders attended the 4-H Healthy Lifestyles Summit at the Center for Advanced Technical Studies in Chapin in January. The team learned culinary arts skills from local chefs, culinary arts students from the Center and Clemson University Department of Food, Nutrition and Packaging Science, and Extension Professionals from Clemson and SC State University. They were responsible for planning and leading the local summer program.
4-H Healthy Lifestyles programming empowers youth to be healthy – body and mind – with the skills to make healthy decisions and lead healthy lifestyles. Having the confidence and skills to lead healthy lifestyles improves overall well-being; it enables youth to tackle life’s challenges today and become leaders in their lives, careers, and communities as they grow into responsible adults.
Clemson University Cooperative Extension Service offers its programs to people of all ages, regardless of race, color, gender, religion, national origin, disability, political beliefs, sexual orientation, gender identity, marital or family status and is an equal opportunity employer.


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No new Chance The Rapper album this week, contrary to reports.
Chance the Rapper's newest project is coming sooner than anyone might have anticipated.
Young Thug previewed a snippet of a new song with Chance The Rapper.
Chance The Rapper told Windy City Live that he and Kanye West are recording together later this month.
Chance The Rapper has proposed to his longtime girlfriend.
A seven-song project from Chance The Rapper produced by Kanye West could be on the way.
Chance the Rapper is putting on a show for a good cause in Chicago next month.
Chance the Rapper and his production team will be producing the concert commemorating the 50th anniversary of the Special Olympics.
Donald Glover performed "This Is America" at Chance The Rapper's youth event in Chicago.
Chance The Rapper and Kevin Hart FaceTimed celebrities and did yoga on Hart's web series.
Chance the Rapper is giving a commencement speech and receiving an honorary doctorates at Dillard University in New Orleans, Louisiana today.