text:
IN ONE WAY the split in the Western camp is not as wide as it looks. In other ways it’s even wider. Unfortunately the latter may prove the more serious.
There was no serious disagreement, for instance, about the guilt of Red China in Korea. The long delay, the reluctance of many nations to back the U. S. resolution of condemnation, did not spring from any dispute about Chinese actions. The argument was not over the fact of Chinese aggression, but over the best way of dealing with it.
That sounds encouraging a mere difference about method. But the difference about method revealed, and accentuated, a graver difference. Western allies are profoundly divided on the nature, strategy and tactics of the conflict in which we are engaged, until the Western alliance itself is in jeopardy. Each faction suspects the other of an unadmitted change in basic policy.
Washington is suspected of having lost hope and even desire for a peaceful settlement in the Far East. Privately, delegates of other Western countries will tell you: “We think
the Americans have decided they must destroy the Communist Government of China. We think they’re going to give full support to Chiang Kai-shek and build up a real war in Asia.”
Americans deny this. They want no more, they say, than a moral condemnation of China and an economic blockade: “Cut off military
supplies to the enemy and cut them at the source.”
That sounds reasonable enough. Why should so-called United Nations go on providing metals and rubber and gasoline to help Chinese troops kill United Nations soldiers? However, there is real disquiet among some allied countries lest the Ameri-
cans go farther than that. It has happened before.
Last fall, when General MacArthur reached the 38th parallel, U. S. delegates assured their friends, “Don’t worry, we’re not going up to the border. We’re going up just a few miles, just far enough to establish a line that can be held.”
They meant it. They were perfectly sincere. Unhappily, these oral assurances were not binding on General MacArthur; he kept on going. When the same U. S. delegates come back today and begin “Don’t worry,” they raise a certain apprehension.
Not without reason, either. When the Chinese sent their reply to the UN cease-fire proposal Secretary of State Dean Acheson rejected it without even having ^een the full text. It seemed to other nations that the Americans had decided in advance the Chinese would refuse to negotiate, and that Acheson would have been dismayed by any other answer.
When Prime Minister St. Laurent asked Prime Minister Nehru of India to get some clarification of the Chinese reply U. S. officials were violently indignant. Actually there was nothing either improper or surreptitious about it—since India is the only non-Soviet nation with an ambassador in Peki ’g, India ík the only channel of communication with China. But Americans thought Canada had double-crossed them. It took a long message from L. B. Pearson, Minister of External Affairs, to convince the State Department that nobody was trying to stab Washington in the back.
And even when the U. S. Government is convinced there remain the American Congress and people. Public opinion is more powerful in the United States than anywhere in the world, and public opinion is in full cry Continued on page 53
Backstage at Lake Success
Continued from page 4
for drastic action. This mood is no longer limited to Senator Joe McCarthy and other converts of the Nationalist China lobby. Even the sanest Americans are angry and bewildered at having been let down, as they put it, by “fair-weather friends.”
I had lunch in New York the other day with two old and close friends. Both had spent years in Canada. Both are level-headed men with a high emotional boiling-point. They asked with one voice: “How do you explain the half-hearted line Canada is taking?”
I spent an hour trying, hut I don’t think I got very far. They couldn’t see why anyone would hesitate to vote Red China an aggressor.
“What does a country have to do to prove itself unfriendly?” they asked. “The Chinese are shooting at us. Doesn’t that indicate they are something less than pals?”
* * *
To a Canadian, these are embarrassing questions. After all, we were in the front row of the cheering section when, last June 27, the United States stepped in to block North Korean aggression. We happily applauded the Security Council’s vote of approval. When we were asked to supply troops we had a previous engagement—six weeks went by before we even tried to recruit any. We can hardly blame Americans, now, for thinking that faint hearts have become even fainter among their so-called allies.
Nevertheless, the issue is not as simple as that, not in the eyes of America’s Western allies, anyway. It isn’t a matter of peace at any price, but of struggle on feasible terms.
“People talk a lot about Munich,” one delegate said. “I think the best analogy for today is not Munich in 1938, but Finland in 1939-40.
“Finland was attacked by Russia
—a clear case of aggression. Some Allied governments wanted to rush to Finland’s aid. They got a force together, they issued winter uniforms. France actually sent a brigade as far as Norway. They asked Sweden to let them move troops across Swedish territory, and luckily the Swedes refused. The expedition petered out.
“I remember the arguments at the time. Some people said ‘Don’t do it; you’ll drive Russia into the German camp.’ The answer was always the same: ‘Don’t be naïve; Russia is in the German camp.’ That was only five months before Hitler invaded the Soviet Union.”
He didn’t pretend that the analogy between Finland and Red China is precise. Even Nehru of India, staunchest of all believers in an eventual split between Moscow and Peking, admits that “if war came tomorrow China would be on Russia’s side.” But hope does persist in many countries, including Canada, that the split will come in time. If the present crisis could be resolved, and we go back to cold war for a few years, the basic conflicts of interest between China and Russia might become apparent even to a Communist Chinese.
Meanwhile, we have a stronger enemy on the other side of the globe. If we get involved in war with China, which is no threat outside her own limited orbit, we leave ourselves weaker in face of the real foe, Russia. To most Canadian officials this is mere realism. That’s why they think it’s the Americans, rather than the British and other “go slow” counselors, who “don’t realize there’s a war on.” There’s a war on, all right, but it’s wider than some people think, they say.
* * *
Thus the argument of expediency. What about basic principles? What about the concept of collective security, to which we are all plighted?
This is where the Americans suspect us of a change in policy, and they too have good reason. There has certainly
been a change in thinking under the grim stress of the past six months.
It hasn’t been easy, and it’s by no means unanimous. There has been deep heart-searching on all sides.
I listened to Sir Carl Berendsen, the respected delegate from New Zealand, deliver a very odd speech. Half of it was impassioned and pungent oratory, as he called for immediate condemnation of the Chinese as flagrant aggressors. The other half was lame; he moved an amendment to make it doubly sure that having declared the Chinese aggressors the UN would do nothing much about it.
“He’s giving two speeches,” a veteran observer explained. “The first one is Carl Berendsen speaking—he feels very strongly on the principle of the thing. Right’s right and wrong’s wrong, he says; if we’re forced out of Korea, all right, but let’s have no doubt about where we stand or whether we’re coming back. It’s like Crete, he says; we had to get out, but we came back. He lost a boy in Crete, so he’s paid the full price for that opinion.
“But he has instructions from his government, evidently, and his government goes along with Britain. They don’t want a war with China at any price. So he has to move this amendment, poor man.”
Canadians had plenty of heartsearching to do, too. Over the years Canadian delegates have probably done as much talking about collective security as anyone in the world. But lately the Canadian Government has been forced into a change of mind, at least for the time being.
As one minister put it, “You can’t afford collective security in a twopower world. You simply cannot enforce peace and punish aggression in every remote corner of the globe when you have a real powerful enemy facing you across a vital frontier.”
* * *
This is not a betrayal of the United Nations. As the U. S. Government itself pointed out not long ago, in an official publication called “Our Foreign Policy,” the United Nations was never designed to deal with aggression by a major power.
Neither is it a return to isolationism. No member of the present Government would have Canada withdraw within her own borders and let the rest of the world go hang. No member of the Government would have Canada shirk her proper share, indeed her utmost effort, in defense of freedom. Rather, the impulse is to conserve our strength for the vital areas and not be drawn by Russian feints into concentrations at the wrong points.
We have no strength to spare in 1951. Outside Korea the U. S. has three trained divisions—one at home, two in Europe. All the rest are green recruits in need of at least a year’s training. European allies among them have seven or eight more. Russia has 175, and we are even worse outnumbered in the air.
This means terrible danger. Some responsible observers think that already the chances of peace through 1951 are no better than 50-50. War in China might turn the odds definitely against it, for Russia is hound by treaty to come to China’s aid in the event of attack.
Naturally the treaty wouldn’t mean anything if the Kremlin preferred to ignore it, but the Kremlin might not. Even in Russia there is such a thing as public opinion. Even in Russia people can be got to fight more easily and with better heart, with a plausible pretext. If the Kremlin really wants a war this spring, China might come in very handy. ★
The story you want is part of the Maclean’s Archives. To access it, log in here or sign up for your free 30-day trial.
Experience anything and everything Maclean's has ever published — over 3,500 issues and 150,000 articles, images and advertisements — since 1905. Browse on your own, or explore our curated collections and timely recommendations.WATCH THIS VIDEO for highlights of everything the Maclean's Archives has to offer.


text:
Man arrested after allegedly attempting to kidnap woman at Phoenix airport
Mar 20, 2023, 8:00 PM
(Maricopa County Sheriff's Office Photo)
PHOENIX — A man was arrested over the weekend for attempting to kidnap a woman from a Phoenix Sky Harbor Airport parking garage, authorities said.
Michael Colville, 61, was charged with kidnapping and probation violation, as he was already on probation for sexual assault, according to ABC15.
A woman was loading her belongings into her parked vehicle Friday around noon when Colville pushed her from behind, police said in a press release.
The victim kicked Colville in the groin, and he eventually gave up and walked away, police said.
The victim informed police and video from the Phoenix Sky Train and Valley Metro Rail were used to identify Colville as the suspect.
He was arrested at his home near 24th and Van Buren streets on Saturday, police said.
No additional information was available.
We want to hear from you.
Have a story idea or tip? Pass it along to the KTAR News team here.

domain: news


text: Tea, coffee and continental breakfast are included. This comfortable room comes with the use of generous living and outdoor spaces, newly renovated bathroom, great kitchen and washing facilities. I am sure you will enjoy the comfortable queen bed. Located close to Canterbury Agriculture Park, the Halswell library. A casual 40's walk to city centre. Or 10 mins by bus.

domain: travel


text:
MINNEAPOLIS (WCCO) – People in southern Minnesota were drying out Wednesday after a heavy rain flooded parts of Mankato and nearby towns.
The rain triggered a mudslide that closed Highway 66.
The National Weather Service has extended a flood warning for the area as more rain is expected overnight into Thursday.
Homeowners spent the day pumping water out of their basements.
"I woke up about 2:30," said Megan Hendrycks, whose basement flooded. "The water in the drain in the basement all of a sudden just came flooding out and there was water up to my knees."
Hendrycks had to rip out all her carpet and toss her furniture to the curb.
"It kind of sucks," she said. "I don't have my whole bedroom and everything is wrecked."
About 7 inches of rain in under two hours overwhelmed the city's sewer system. The water had nowhere to go but into people's basements and it also flooded downtown roads.
While kids splashed in flooded fields, farmers worried for their livelihoods.
Wayne Gobbel, a farmer south of Mankato, says the corn he planted can only survive two days under water. It's unlikely his fields will dry out.
"It's a very big impact," Gobbel said. "We're losing bushels so that's what counts. I don't know what's going to happen."
The area is bracing for 1-2 inches of more rain overnight. The city has crews monitoring the storm system.
"We are concerned, the ponds have not completely caught up with getting back to a normal level," said Mary Fralish, the Public Works director. "Any rainfall we get, if it's significant, could put us back into a flooding situation."
As residents dry out their belongings, all they can do is hope for a quieter night.
"We're going to try to prepare as much as we can, but I don't know what we can really do anymore just hope for the best I guess," Hendrycks said.
Some of the loss won't be re-cooperated. One homeowner said he didn't get a flood insurance policy because he doesn't live near a river.
For farmers, there's still time to replant the beans, but it's too late in the season for corn. That's where crop insurance will make a difference for those who have it.
for more features.


text:
St. Paul diners can now sample the barbecue delights of an eatery that made its name at a Minneapolis convenience store that burned down.
The team behind Bark and the Bite – which is now open at 2186 Marshall Ave., formerly home of Heirloom – are well known across the Mississippi.
They had gained a fervent following for their food after selling it out of a stand at Sunny's Market in Northeast Minneapolis, having originally launched as a food truck.
Sadly, Sunny's went up in flames this past October, depriving Bark and the Bite of its main place of business.
But now it has permanent residence in St. Paul, with its location on Marshall Ave. providing some sentimental comfort for the eatery.
"We're two blocks away from the Mississippi River, linking us to Missouri and Louisiana—a couple of spiritual cousins in barbecue," the restaurant notes on its website.
It will be serving up its slow-smoked meats, homemade barbecue sauces, mouthwatering sammiches, and BBQ staples of ribs, wings and meat platters.
At the helm is former fine dining chef Noah Miller, a native of Memphis. You can check out the menu here.

domain: geography


text:
Kate Hinds is an Associate Producer for WNYC News. She also reports for WNYC and Transportation Nation, a public radio reporting project that combines the work of multiple newsrooms to provide coverage of how we build, rebuild and get around the nation.
House Republicans Officially Introduce Surface Transpo Extension
Thursday, March 22, 2012 - 01:54 PM
This just in: House Republicans introduced a three-month extension to avoid a shutdown of transportation programs after March 31.
"In order to ensure continuity of current surface transportation programs while the Transportation and Infrastructure Committee and House Republicans continue to work toward a responsible transportation bill that provides long-term certainty, reduces the size of government, eliminates earmarks, and is fully paid for, Chairman Mica, Chairman Duncan and Chairman Camp introduced a three-month extension of transportation programs today. This legislation, the Surface Transportation Extension Act of 2012 (H.R. 4239), will extend current programs through June 30, 2012."


A family in Grand Rapids is grieving after their beloved dog was wrongfully euthanized last week.
Now, the Kent County Animal Shelter is investigating how an error like this could happen, while implementing new procedures so it doesn’t happen again.
Last December, Douglas Fasburg and his fiancé, Elizabeth Kuieck, adopted Izza from the Kent County Animal Shelter. For their three kids, getting a puppy for Christmas made it a holiday to remember.
On Thursday, a case of mistaken identity cost this pet her life, and devastated the family.
“We believe that she got loose, she snuck out behind the kids,” says Douglas. “That’s what dogs do.”
Kent County Deputy Health Officer, Bill Anstey, confirms that Izza was picked up by an Animal Control Officer on Thursday. Neighbors say it was around 3:30 p.m., and that Izza was walking down an alley across the street from where she lives.
When Douglas and Elizabeth returned home around 4 p.m., they realized Izza was gone, and headed straight to the Kent County Animal Shelter.
The couple filled out the required paperwork and a left a photo of Izza at the shelter.
“We showed a picture to the lady at the front desk, and she said our dog wasn’t there,” explains Douglas.
But Anstey says Izza was there. She was in a kennel right next to another dog – an American Staffordshire - slated to be euthanized. He says the two dogs were similar in color, size, and were both wearing pink collars. When the time came, an animal shelter employee grabbed the wrong dog and Izza was put down. She was alive at the shelter for less than one hour.
“Everyone was excited to get her back,” says Elizabeth Kuieck who returned to the shelter with her two girls, just after 5 p.m. to take Izza home, but it was too late.
“As soon as she told me what had happened, I lost it,” remembers Elizabeth.
“It’s devastating,” adds Douglas. “There’s really nothing we can say to the kids besides, ‘the Kent County Animal Shelter killed our dog.’”
Officials say the employee who accidentally euthanized Izza is still on the job, and Kent County is conducting their own investigation to see if they followed the correct procedures. Anstey offered this statement:
“The entire staff of the animal shelter feels terrible about the accident that occurred last Thursday. The goal of the animal shelter and its staff is to unite or reunite animals and their families. We already have identified what happened in this case and have taken steps to put in place additional safeguards and procedures to protect the animals and their families, and prevent this accident from happening in the future.”
Elizabeth says their family followed every procedure to get their dog back. “After they knew we (were) in there looking for our dog, they should have waited (if they weren’t sure).”
The kids, ages 9, 10, and 12, have drawn “R.I.P. Izza” pictures, and set up a Facebook page in her memory. Someone actually gave them a new puppy - Lola - to help the children transition and aid in the family's healing. Douglas says, although they love their new puppy, they say Izza, and her fun-loving personality, can never be replaced.
For the owners, one of the most upsetting parts of the story is that Izza had a microchip, and she got it from the Kent County Animal Shelter before Douglas and Elizabeth adopted her. Anstey says the shelter scanned the microchip and realized Izza was a local dog that was already in their database. Instead of calling Home Again, the national microchip company, the Animal Control Officer attempted to contact the owners by calling the outdated phone numbers in their list. Before they could do any more research (i.e. call Home Again, search the internet, knock on the owners’ door) Izza was wrongfully euthanized..
Officials suggest if you adopt an animal from a local shelter, you should update your contact information with both the national microchip company and the local shelter.


text:
Today’s spot is hardly a secret amongst Londoners but this is exactly why I wanted to share photos and a bit of its history here on the blog. A lush slice of London life, Victoria Park is one of the regular haunts of East Enders, away from the hustle and bustle of the capital. It’s also one of London’s largest parks and the oldest public park in the UK. There’s more to it than just open space though!
Bordered by Regent’s Canal, Victoria Park is one of London’s prettiest and most varied green spaces. Situated between Tower Hamlets and Hackney, it’s divided into two parts, West and East by Grove Road. The park was designed by the renowned architect Sir James Pennethorne, who also redesigned parts of Buckingham Palace and landscaped Battersea Park, following a mass petition to the Queen to create an outdoor space for the densely populated East End. Ever since it was founded as the People’s Park back in 1845, it has served as a meeting spot for locals, a place for rallies and political speeches, and an anti-aircraft site.
Nowadays Victoria park hosts music festivals, a tennis court, fountains, lakes, The Pavilion Cafe and last but not least, the Victoria Park Market on Sundays. I actually really like the latter – although it has fewer stalls than other open-air food markets in London (like Borough Market, Broadway Market or Spitafields market), the variety and quality of food is great and it’s far less busy. Other attractions you shouldn’t miss include the iconic Hackney Wick Great War Memorial, the sculptures of Romanian artist Erno Bartha in the lake and the pedestrian alcove, a surviving fragment of the old London Bridge. I saved my personal favourite for last: the Chinese pagoda which was moved to Victoria Park from Hyde Park after the famous Chinese Exhibition in the 1840s.
Before I leave you with my photos from Victoria Park, which I took on a sunny day last fall, I wanted to share with you my favourite memory from this spot. This summer my partner in crime grabbed snacks from the Pavilion Cafe and hired a rowing boat (a little tradition of ours) and enjoyed the park from the water, which included some close up views of the Chinese Pagoda.
|Address: Victoria Park Rd, London E3 5TB, UK|
|Website / Facebook page|


Transfer System TS 2plus
Bosch Rexroth’s TS 2plus Transfer System delivers adaptability and hardiness in the harshest environments.
The versatile transfer system from Bosch Rexroth is reliable even under difficult conditions – like ESD environments or in clean room and dry room applications – the TS 2plus is an adaptable modular system.
Versatile, robust and flexible, the TS 2plus features standardised modular units that can be combined in many ways to create a single system. The modular design permits the cost-effective use of ratio potentials in production. All components are designed to be particularly vigorous and ensure high operational safety.
The TS 2plus has a carrying plate made of steel or aluminium, alternatively open frame made of aluminium profiles. Belt, toothed belt, flat top chain, accumulation roller chain, Vplus chain options offer the ultimate in adaptability and modularity specific to your requirements and speeds.


Hello, I have a problem with my Nvidia Xavier NX Developer Kit board.
I have been able to flash it twice before and it was working. I uninstalled OS from SDKManager and now when I plug it, the led goes on, it is detected by sdkmanager but it doesn’t boot. if I run lsusb I can see it too.
edit: I tried to flash 2 different SD Cards and the result is the same, either with the dd command or with Etcher


Yes, you can combine Vernier sensors with LEGO EV3.
There are different methods to combine Vernier sensors with LEGO® MINDSTORMS® Education EV3 Core Set with Charger (LEGO-EV3-CORE), depending on the software you are using.
If you are using the MINDSTORMS software you can connect certain Vernier LabQuest sensors. You will need our adapter and you will need to add the Vernier EV3 sensor block to the software. We also have a book of projects that use Vernier sensors with MINDSTORMS software.
The NXT Sensor Adapter (BTA-NXT) is an adapter for connecting Vernier analog (BTA) sensors to EV3.
To use the NXT Sensor Adapter with LEGO® MINDSTORMS® EV3 software, you need the Vernier EV3 Sensor Block. Download the block from here:
For a list of sensors supported in the EV3 system, scroll down to the NXT Sensor Adapter Compatible Sensors section of this web page:
Vernier Engineering Projects with LEGO® MINDSTORMS® Education EV3 (EP-EV3-E) contains 13 engineering challenges for use with the LEGO® MINDSTORMS® Education EV3 Core Set. This book is perfect to challenge upper middle school and high school students to build and program robots for testing batteries, locating “land mines”, automating plant watering, and more.
Engineering Projects with LEGO® MINDSTORMS® EV3 (LEGO-EP) is a package that contains all the sensors needed for the projects in the Vernier Engineering Projects with LEGO® MINDSTORMS® Education EV3 lab book.
If you are programming with Scratch 3, you can communicate with the EV3 using the Scratch EV3 extension and simultaneously communicate with Go Direct® Force and Acceleration Sensor (GDX-FOR) using the Scratch Vernier Go Direct Force and Acceleration extension. For more information visit this web page:
If you are using NI-LabVIEW software you can use either Vernier Go Direct sensors or Vernier LabQuest sensors in conjunction with LEGO EV3.
To communicate with the EV3 you will need the NI LabVIEW Module for NXT/EV3. Find the download here.
LabVIEW with Go Direct Sensors:
After installing the LabVIEW Module for EV3 you will also need to download our LabVIEW files for Go Direct sensors. Find the download here:
LabVIEW with LabQuest Sensors:
You will need the NXT Sensor Adapter (BTA-NXT). Use this adapter for connecting Vernier LabQuest analog (BTA) sensors to EV3.
After installing the LabVIEW Module for EV3 you will find a palette of subVIs in that download that can be used to communicate with certain Vernier LabQuest BTA sensors. This same palette of subVIs, as well as additional resources for using the NXT Sensor Adapter with LabVIEW, can be found here:


text:
When it comes to finding the most reliable site to play online casino games and games, the answer is BOLA365. The site is the best pilihan Bola Resmi in Indonesia since more than 10 years. It is also rated as one of the top bandar bola terpercaya in Indonesia. Continue reading to find out how to find the best bandar Bola Terpercaya Indonesia.
You have found the right place if are looking for a location to play Judibola online. This is because you’ll find a reputable site to play judi bola online that offers a high level of security and safety. In addition, this kind of gaming site also provides 24/7 assistance which is a major benefit when you play online.
One kind of judi bola terpercaya-bola online is half-time-full-time. This game requires you to select one team with more goals scored than the other. For instance, if you would like to bet on Everton against Liverpool it is essential to pick the correct score. You must pick the correct score if you are placing bets on a tie.
Another option to play online judi-bola is mega303. Mega303 is rated as among the top gambling websites in Indonesia. It is also well-known for its gamifikasi system, bonuses, and other features that allow players to make better choices when gambling. You can also find the various games of judibola on this site, including poker.
Permainan taruhan bola online
Don’t look further if are looking for a safe site to play agen taruhan Bola online. This article will give you the basics. SBOBET88888 is an online agen-resmi which is extremely popular among bola players. However, you could be at risk from SBOBET.
One of the most important information to know about judibola online is that it has a greater variety of games than the traditional game of taekwondo. This is because a variety of devices, from the computer to the PDA, can be used to access the game. A smartphone or another mobile device can also be used to play online Taruhan Bola.
Many websites in Indonesia offer an online judi-bola option. SBOBET is the name used by some of the most well-known online judibola companies in Indonesia. These websites offer beragam keuntung to players. The advantages of playing taruhan Bola online are endless. The greatest benefit is that the majority of these sites are completely free.
Permainan slot online teranyar
There are many reasons to pick the bandar bola tadi terpercaya online permainan slot game. One is that these games offer the highest winnings. These games are also completely free to play. In addition, you are able to get to play multiple slots simultaneously. This is a particularly beneficial feature if you are not familiar with the slot games.
Some casinos online will offer the possibility to deposit and withdraw funds using various methods. A majority of them allow you use a sarana pulse from your phone’s service provider, such as XL or Telkomsel. Deposits can be made as quick as 24 hours. No matter what kind of casino game it is it is crucial to be aware of the rules. If you are lucky enough to win, you won’t need to spend any extra money.
Another reason to go with the bandar bola tadi terpercaya teranyar is the variety of games to choose from. In addition to the traditional games, you can also find new games on the site you prefer. You can play a variety of games on your mobile, tablet, or computer. You can pick the game that suits your gaming needs.
You’ve found the right place if you’re looking to play online Judibola Terpercaya. The site lets you play a variety of games such as rakyangbola and online-judibola. There’s also a section for bandar bola terpercaya ODSS, which gives hints and tips for sepak taruhan bola.
You can find judi Bola online by visiting the website of the sportsbook. You’ll have to input some particulars about yourself, like your name, e-mail address, and the country you reside in. After you have registered, your options for slot providers include slot88.
Before you begin playing, be sure you select a casino that allows you to withdraw and deposit money. The most reliable online casinos accept both credit and debit cards, so you are able to choose the one that best suits your requirements. Many online casinos permit you to deposit as small as $10. This is a great way to begin online playing. Many casinos allow you to deposit an amount of money.
Komisi mingguan yang bagus untuk merilis permainan slot online teranyar
If you’ve never played online a real-money slot machine, you’re missing out. You can now test your luck with no-cost demo games, which include several popular slots like the cult Book of Ra. In addition, there are many online casinos with free slots games. So, where can you find them?
First, you must be aware of the different kinds of slots. Each type has its own rules and characteristics. Knowing the differences will aid you in deciding which is right for you. You may want to check the komisi mingguan yang bagus untuk merilis permainan slot online teranyar.
Make sure you’re using a mod. A modal kecil can allow you to play with lower minimum bets. Thirdly, ensure you can withdraw and deposit money at any time. No matter if you’re playing for fun or to earn money there are tips and tricks to help reduce kekalahan while making the most of your online slots.
Third, locate a reputable casino. There are many trustworthy casinos online. However, you cannot completely trust them until you’ve read their reviews. You can also select one that provides generous bonuses and reward players for playing. This way, you’ll have the added benefit of enjoying a real-money slot game.
Agen bola terpercaya online has Lisensi Resmi. This means it is jaminan for players who play at sbobet Indonesia. This is among the benefits of playing at this the agen.
In addition to being a trusted bandar bola terpercai site, SULTAN222 also has members who are given promotions and bonuses every week. It is a very popular site for Indonesian players due to its large range of games and availability of staff around the clock. SULTAN222 doesn’t require players to reveal their personal details which makes it a fantastic choice.
SULTAN222 is the ideal choice for those who want to bet on sports. It has a wide selection of games, e-sports and slot machines online. A reputable site will provide you with free spins to practice and get used to a new platform. And once you have a taste of playing the games, you may start winning huge. You can even sign up for an online tournament for free and win up to US$5000.
If you’re seeking a dependable and legal judi bola website, look at the top of the list. You can find the most reliable online bola site at Amanbola. It provides a variety of online judi games, including online taruhan, slot pragmatic play, and togel online. The site offers a great customer service , which is available 24/7.
Agen slot resmi are usually made by trusted software providers, like PlayTech, Flow Gaming, and Spadegaming. There are also smaller players of judi slot, including Habanero. There is a wide selection of games offered by each provider and each one has a distinctive theme and high RTPs. You can play for real money, or you can use your virtual money to play for free slot games.
The procedure to become an Habanero bandar bola site is easy. You only need an authentic username and password. Choose an account password that you can remember and read. You can then login to your account and start playing! The registration process will only take a few seconds, bandar bola terpercaya and you’ll be playing for real money.

domain: entertainment


Homoepitaxial growths of ZnO were performed by low pressure metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) on both bulk hydrothermal and thin film buffer layers of ZnO grown by pulsed laser deposition on c-sapphire substrates. The surface roughness, photoluminescence, and x-ray diffraction (0002) peak omega rocking-curve line widths for the bulk and thin film substrates were similar prior to MOCVD growth. After MOCVD growth, it was found that the surface morphology, crystallographic quality, and optical properties of the ZnO layers were far superior to those typically observed for heteroepitaxial growth of ZnO layers on c-sapphire by MOCVD. The MOCVD layers were comparable for growths on both the bulk substrate and the thin film buffer layer. Furthermore, no significant impact of carrier gas was observed. The quality of the ZnO layer appeared to be correlated with the surface morphology and the crystalline quality of the substrate rather than being dependent on whether the substrate was in bulk or thin film form.


text:
A Best if Used By/Before date indicates when a product will be of best flavor or quality. It is not a purchase or safety date. It is not a safety date. A “Use-By date is the last date recommended for the use of the product while at peak quality.
Can you eat something a week after the best by date?
The INSIDER Summary: Its hard to tell how long your food if good for once the expiration date has passed, plus each food is different. Dairy lasts one to two weeks, eggs last almost two weeks, and grains last a year after their sell-by.
Are best by dates expiration dates?
The key takeaway is that a “best-by” or “sell-by” date is not an expiration date and doesnt necessarily mean that the safety of the food product declines after that date. All the date labels come from the manufacturer and are aimed at different audiences.
What does Best Buy date mean on food?
The Best By date refers to the date recommended that you use the product by for best physical and/or sensory quality. It is not an expiration date, but rather the date by which NOW Foods recommends consumption.
Are eggs good after their use by date?
But if you store them properly, eggs can actually last far beyond their expiration date and still be safe to eat. So the short answer is yes, it can be safe to eat expired eggs. On the other hand, eggs that have been contaminated or stored improperly can spoil and contain harmful bacteria.
CAN expired bread make you sick?
Food that develops visible mold needs to thrown away to avoid food-borne illness. If you eat moldy bread, you may develop food poisoning and a headache. Food poisoning will make you feel sick to your stomach, causing diarrhea, vomiting and nausea.
Can you eat bread two days out of date?
Bread. It might get stale, but bread past its expiration date can be safely eaten. If the bread smells sour or spoiled, though, definitely dont eat it. That being said, bread thats turned a little stale and crunchy makes excellent French toast or croutons, so dont toss it out because its too old.
When did best-before dates become mandatory?
It was introduced in Marks & Spencers storerooms in the 1950s before making its way on to the shelves in 1970. It wasnt even actually called a sell-by-date until 1973.
What happens if you eat food after best-before date?
Food can look and smell fine even after its use-by date, but that doesnt mean its safe to eat. It could still be contaminated. You cannot see, smell or taste the bacteria that cause food poisoning.

domain: health


text:
For the past three years, NFL players Deshea Townsend and Dwayne Rudd have given back to their community in a big way.
They sponsor the All-American sports camp for children 6 to 18 years old. The camp will be held Saturday, May 31.
Townsend is in his sixth year with the Pittsburgh Steelers. Rudd will begin his first season with the Tampa Bay Buccaneers. Rudd played his first four years with the Minnesota Vikings and the last two years with the Cleveland Browns.
Both have been on teams which made the playoffs.
Over 200 children have signed up to participate in the football, basketball and cheerleading activities, according to coordinator Kiffany Dugger. There is space for 75 more children.
Registration will be held from 8 to 9 a.m. Saturday morning to fill those spots.
"A parent or guardian must accompany children to sign the release form," Dugger said.
Other NFL players, along with college players, have helped conduct the camp in the past.
Past NFL players who came to Batesville include Hines Ward, Plaxico Burress and Nakia Codie.
The camp will run from 9:30 a.m. to 2:30 p.m. Parents should pick up children by 2:30 p.m., Dugger said.


text:
The music legend stood in solidarity with U.S. athletes that choose to exercise their first amendment right despite the disapproval of Donald Trump.
Tune into the last night of the two-day music festival in Las Vegas.
This week's episode features John McSwain.
The annual music festival is live now at New York City's Central Park.
Sean "Diddy" Combs explained why players in the NFL need to join forces against Donald Trump after his divisive comments.
Stream the Scandi-supergroup's new single now.
The late legend lost his battle to cancer.
Famous athletes, comedians, directors, politicians, and more have spoken out against Trump's latest comments.
Donald Trump condemns black athletes for refusing to obey during a heightened state of racial injustice in America.
Members of "The Big Five" reunited for the fashion brand's SS18 presentation in Milan.
The rapper has been telling friends that he and Kylie Jenner will soon have their first child.

domain: celebrity


Mechanic W08 Portable Mini Battery Welder Spot Welding Machine
1. W08 Mini Precision Spot Welding Machine Suitable for precision welding of mobile phone electronic components, battery plate replacement, lithium battery nickel sheet, etc.
2. W08 portable spot welder uses a high-multiplier lithium battery as the power supply, mainly used for welding of nickel sheets of cylindrical batteries. This W08 DIY soldering machine can be used to solder the battery protection board when replacing the battery.
3. Precise voltage, meticulous pen tip, eight-speed adjustment, one machine for multiple uses.
4. Suitable for precision welding of mobile phone electronic components, battery plate replacement, lithium battery nickel sheets, etc.
5. Comply with mobile phone industry-standard operating voltage to avoid breakdown of battery cells.
6. Break the precision of the traditional soldering pen, the pen tip is as fine as 0.
Product type: Welding Equipment


text:
Donald Trump Says "Hollywood Is Really Racist"
Takes one to know one
Published Aug 09, 2019The wacky and delusional Donald Trump continues to run his mouth off on the job. (The job, it should be endlessly reiterated, of President of the United States of America.) The latest lunacy to come from his perpetually pursed lips is a statement that Hollywood is really racist.
When he was asked about a so-called anti-conservative bias on social media, Trump used the opportunity to talk about show business.
"Hollywood is really terrible," he said. "You talk about 'racist.' Hollywood is racist. What they're doing, with the kind of movies they're putting out, it's actually very dangerous for our country. What Hollywood is doing is a tremendous disservice to our country."
Of course, Hollywood is incredibly racist, from whitewashing its films to biases in casting and a general lack of representation. But before anyone calls this an example of horseshoe theory at play, just remember that no one, including Trump, knows what Trump is talking about.
According to The Hollywood Reporter, Trump is obsessed with using the term Hollywood when describing his enemies. In the last two months alone, his campaign has criticized "Hollywood megadonors" 13 times, referring to those who donate money to his rivals.


st 35 steel equivalent
- [email protected]
- Online Chating
Customer first, reputation first, high-quality and perfect after-sales service is the extension of our product value and an important guarantee for the interests of customers. The purpose of our st 35 steel equivalent service quality management system is to establish and constantly improve a scientific, reasonable and efficient service quality management system, and complete the after-sales service quality guarantee work of customers fairly, accurately and timely, For our company's st 35 steel equivalent customer service to establish a good, comprehensive, full service system.
stainless steel electric tea kettle less more st 35 steel equivalentSeamless Steel Tubes for Precision Applications GB/T 3639 Spec: Material:10# 20# 35# 45# Q345B Equivalent to grade SAE 1010 1020 st35 .4 st 37 st35 .8 c22 c35 c45 etc. Size Range: OD:3-420mm WT st 35 steel equivalentWorldwide equivalents of grade St35 (Germany: DIN, WNr ) Steel : St35. Germany. Standard : DIN 1629/3. Cross reference table. for Steel St35 (DIN, WNr ) and its European equivalent E235 (1.0308) ( EN ) EU. EN.
What is St 35 pipe?ST 35 steel pipe are commonly known as MS pipes or CS pipes and they are manufactured by us in accordance with DIN Specifications. ST35 steel tube are not as hard as carbon steel pipes, but with the process of carburizing, it is possible to increase their surface hardness.See all results for this questionWhat kind of pipe is Din 2391 ST35?DIN 2391 GRADE ST 35 CARBON STEEL SEAMLESS PIPE AND TUBE, DIN 2391 SEAMLESS PRECISION STEEL PIPES, DIN 2391 ST35 PIPES DEALER, DIN 2391 EN10305 CARBON STEEL PRECISION PIPE MANUFACTURER & SUPPLIERS. We are one of the noticeable organizations in providing an extensive collection of Carbon Steel DIN 2391 ST35 Piping in the industry.See all results for this question
Cross reference table. for Steel St35 (DIN, WNr ) and its European equivalent E235 (1.0308) ( EN ) European equivalent grade for Non-alloy quality steel St35 (DIN, WNr ): E235 (1.0308) NEW opportunities for buyers! Post free buying requirement for product St35 (DIN, WNr )See all results for this questionWhat is a St 35 plate?A St 35 steel plate, DIN17135 A St 35 steel plate is a kind of material for boiler and pressure vessel steel.See all results for this questionTable of Steel Equivalent Grades (EN, SAE/AISI, UNS, DIN st 35 steel equivalentJul 24, 2010 · Table of Steel Equivalent Grades (EN, SAE/AISI, UNS, DIN, BS, UNI, JIS) The table below compares steel equivalent grades of materials from various international specifications. Note that materials compared are the nearest available grade and may have slight variations in actual chemistry.
50 rows · Carbon Steel Grade Equivalents. If you are not able to find the grade of steel you are A204 Gr. B16Mo315Mo316Mo3A283 A, B, C, DS185ST33FE320A284 Gr. C, DS235JST37-3NFE360DA529 Gr. 42, 50S275JRST44-2FE430BSee all 50 rows on www.universalsteelamerica st 35 steel equivalentSteel Grade Equivalent Table (EN, SAE/AISI, UNS, DIN, BS st 35 steel equivalentSteel Grade Equivalent Table (EN, SAE/AISI, UNS, DIN, BS, UNI, JIS) The table below compares common grades of materials from various international specifications. Note that materials compared are the nearest available grade and may have slight variations in actual chemistry.Steel Grade Equivalency Table237 rows · Steel TV Steel TV SteelOrbis Conferences, webinars and video interviews can be watched HR-Hot Rolled300891008C8EHR-Hot Rolled301091010C10EHR-Hot Rolled301291012C12EHR-Hot Rolled301591015C15ESee all 237 rows on www.steelorbis st 35 steel equivalent
41 rows · AGICO-Ourway Group is a professional steel pipe supplier in China, it's our job to provide Carbon Steel Pipe/TubeQ235Steel Pipe/TGGP STPY41G3452 G3457Carbon Steel Pipe/Tube10#Steel Pipe/TubeSTPG38G3454Carbon Steel Pipe/Tube10#Steel Pipe/TubeSTPG38G3456Carbon Steel Pipe/Tube10#Steel Pipe/TubeSTS38G3455See all 41 rows on www.steels-supplier st 35 steel equivalentSt35 (DIN, WNr ) - Worldwide equivalent gradesWorldwide equivalents of grade St35 (Germany: DIN, WNr ) Steel : St35. Germany. Standard : DIN 1629/3. Cross reference table. for Steel St35 (DIN, WNr ) and its European equivalent Related searches for st 35 steel equivalentst 35 steel us equivalentst 35 equivalentst 35 material equivalentst 37 2 steel equivalentst 45 steel us equivalent
1.0356 TTSt 35 N P215NL (1.0451) A 333 Grade 1 1.0356 TTSt 35 V P255QL (1.0452) - - - - A 333 Grade 6 Fine-grain steels - - - - 1.0486 StE 285 - API 5L Grade X42 1.0562 StE 355 P355N API 5L Grade X52 1.8902 StE 420 P420N API 5L Grade X60 1.8905 StE 460 P460N API 5L Grade X70 High yield steels 1.0457 StE 240.7 L245NB API 5L Grade B 1.0484 StE st 35 steel equivalentMATERIAL COMPARISON TABLE - Carbon SteelSteel H/EX and Condenser St 35.8 17175 1.0305 Plus DIN2391 Tubes (18) A181 C-Steel Forgings for General Purpose Piping Class 60 K03502 SFVC1/SFVC1 D4122/G3202 - St 44-2 17100 1.0044 Per Ad-merk. W-13(18) Class 70 SFVC2A/SFVC2A D4122/G3202 - C22 17200 1.0402 WBL620(3b) 19 Mn 5 - 1.0482 WBL610(3b) 20 Mn 5 - 1.1133 WBL550(3b) A182 Forged or Rolled st 35 steel equivalentFile Size: 311KBPage Count: 10Equivalents of Carbon Steel QualitiesMesteel Is A B2b Portal. It Provides Steel And Construction Related Companies In The Middle East Information, News And An Extensive Interactive Database, Inclusive Offers And Inquiries.
Nov 06, 2019 · DIN17135 A St 35, Grade A St 35, A St 35 steel DIN17135 A St 35 steel is a kind of material for boiler and pressure vessel steel. So, DIN17135 A St 35 steel is used above all for manufacturing boilers, pressure vessels and pipes transporting hot liquids.DIN St 35.8 - Equivalent MaterialsThere are 20 equivalent materials for DIN St 35.8 Carbon Steel. See the equivalents for DIN, AFNOR, BS, JIS, EN, GOST and GB.DIN 2391-2 Grade St 35 bright drawn soft - Low Carbon st 35 steel equivalentDescription. Seamless precision steel tube made from St 35 is mainly used as construction element with special requirements in dimension accuracy, small wall thicknesses and good surface condition. The tubes are made in different grades (A and C). Grade C is valid for conduits. Grade A: for mechanical load without special grade requirement, without inspection certificate Grade C: for special requirements
In recent years, in line with the development trend of iron and st 35 steel equivalent steel industry at home and abroad, we have accelerated the transformation of development mode, promoted structural adjustment, and formed a rich product series of medium and thick plates, hot rolled steel coils, profiles, steel pipes, etc., which st 35 steel equivalent are widely used in automobiles, long-span bridges, railways, machinery, ocean and so on fields. Meanwhile, we also provide deep processing for the steel materials.


A current detection surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor with an Au grating on an n-Si wafer was proposed. SPR excitation light is illuminated from the backside of the device and diffracted by the grating. Since the diffraction provides matching conditions, SPR can be coupled to the Au/analyte interface. Since the coupled SPR excites free electrons on the Au surface, the SPR can be detected as a current signal by a Schottky barrier diode formed on the Au/n-Si interface. The obtained angular current spectrum showed clear agreement with SPR coupling theory, thereby confirming that the sample on the Au surface can be electrically detected using the proposed sensor.
© 2019 Optical Society of America under the terms of the OSA Open Access Publishing Agreement
Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) chemical sensors provide highly sensitive and label-free chemical detection with a simple optical system. Miniaturization of the sensor system has therefore been a pursuit in field applications such as gas sensors [1–3] and biosensors [4,5]. A grating coupling-type SPR sensor is particularly suitable for miniaturization because it does not require a bulky prism to excite the SPR and enables changing the SPR coupling angle with a grating pitch. A grating coupling-type SPR sensor conventionally introduces the excitation light to the metal grating surface through the sample analyte. Since this optical configuration provides unwanted interaction between the excitation light and sample analyte, SPR excitation by backside illumination of the grating has recently been studied [6–8]. In these studies, the sensors are composed of a flat Au film and a grating buried beneath the Au film; the two criteria of optical design freedom and noninteraction between the excitation light and analyte are satisfied. This sensor configuration, however, still requires an optical system to detect SPR, which is recognized as an obstacle to miniaturizing SPR sensors . Removal of optical systems from backside illumination-type sensors will therefore improve the practicality of SPR sensors.
In this paper, we propose an electrical detection SPR sensor with backside illumination. SPR is electrically detected by signal transduction at a Schottky barrier formed on an interface of a metal film and a semiconductor substrate [9–11]; since a reflection optical system is no longer required [12–14], SPR electrical detection has recently been attracting attention for further miniaturizing SPR sensors. In this study, we applied backside illumination to an electrical detection SPR sensor with a grating. In most backside illumination-type SPR sensors, dielectric gratings are formed under a flat metal film. Although in a theoretical model in , a several-hundred-nanometer-thick Si film with a nanometer-depth-trench is employed as a contacting material with a flat metal film, such trench fabrication on a very thin Si film is still very difficult. Here, we estimated that the metal film surface of the SPR sensor should not always be flat if the surface roughness amplitude is well below the wavelength . We therefore formed a Au thin film on a Si grating with a height of 100 nm. Since the grating height is low enough to support SPR, the excitation light is diffracted at the backside of the Au film and is able to excite SPR at the analyte/Au interface. In addition, since the Si grating is opaque in the visible range, we employed near-infrared light as the excitation light. Since the energy of near-infrared light is smaller than the energy bandgap of Si (~1.1 eV), the incident light propagating through the Si substrate does not attenuate and is able to reach the Au film from the backside. When the SPR is excited, electrons in Au receive photon energy and are excited. The Au/n-Si Schottky barrier height is ~0.8 eV, so the electrons excited by the near-infrared light can overcome the barrier to generate a photocurrent. The Si therefore behaves as both a light-guiding medium and an electrical SPR detector.
In this paper, we present the fabrication, electrical characterization, and SPR response measurement of the device to confirm that the SPR behavior is altered depending on the permittivity of the analyte in order to check whether the proposed device is applicable to SPR sensing.
2. SPR detection
2.1. SPR coupling and electrical detection principle
The near-infrared excitation light of the SPR is incident to the Au/n-Si grating interface through the n-Si substrate in our proposed device (Fig. 1(a)). The incident plane of the SPR optics was taken to be perpendicular to the running direction of the grating. The polarization of the excitation light should be transverse magnetic (TM). Since the n-Si substrate is transparent in the near-infrared region, the light does not attenuate during propagation through the n-Si substrate. When the near-infrared excitation light irradiates the Au film from the backside with an angle of incidence θAu, it is diffracted by the grating. When the diffracted light reaches the analyte/Au interface (i.e., the upper surface of the grating), SPR is excited if the matching condition expressed by the following equation is satisfied ,Fig. 1(b)) and flow toward the conduction band of the n-Si substrate, the SPR is detected as an electric signal such as a photocurrent Iph.
2.2. Device configuration
The substrate of the device was a double-polished 750-μm-thick n-Si wafer whose resistivity was 16 Ωˑcm. One-dimensional gratings with a 3.4-μm pitch (denoted as a in the figure) and a height of 100 nm were formed on the front surface of the n-Si substrate. The surface of the grating was coated with a 20-nm-thick Au film; the upper surface of the grating functions as both a measurement site of the analyte and an anode electrode. On the front side of the n-Si surface, an Al film was also formed next to the Au grating to serve as a cathode electrode. Although high doping of impurity is usually necessary to form an electrical contact between the Al and the n-Si, it was experimentally confirmed beforehand that the n-Si with this doping level could provide an ohmic contact. Only a Au/n-Si interface therefore worked effective as a Schottky barrier in this device. The fabricated device chip mounted on a printed circuit board (PCB) is shown in Fig. 1(c). The sensor chip was 7.0 mm × 7.0 mm, the grating area was formed to be 6.6 mm × 4.9 mm, and the Al electrode area was 6.6 mm × 1.6 mm aside from the grating area.
3. Experimental setups
The electrical characteristics concerning the SPR detection capability by backside illumination were experimentally verified. First, the I-V characteristics of the device shown on the left side of Fig. 2(a) were obtained using a commercial source meter (Keithley 2614B, USA). The Schottky barrier height ΦB was then estimated to be 0.77 eV by parameter fitting for a forward current (Fig. 2(b)) according to the method in . Since the corresponding cutoff wavelength is 1605 nm, it was confirmed that the SPR excited by the near-infrared light could be measured with the proposed device.
Second, for the SPR detection experiment, the device chip was mounted on a PCB, at the center of which a hole was formed to introduce the excitation light from the backside of the device. In addition, a small cavity was constructed over a sensing Au grating area such that liquid analyte was maintained there. The cavity was composed of a silicone elastomer sidewall capped with a cover glass bonded by UV resin. The photocurrent Iph accompanying the SPR was converted to voltage by an IV conversion amplifier. The SPR device chip and the amplifier were installed into a shield box for noise elimination, which had an opening for the excitation light irradiation. In the experiment, no bias voltage was applied between anode and cathode electrodes of the SPR device chip.
The device was mounted on a rotational stage such that the angle of incidence θAu can be changed. The monochromatic TM polarized excitation light was emitted from a wavelength tunable laser (SC-450, Fianium, GBR), and the wavelength of the excitation light was changed from 1200 to 1500 nm. The intensities of the excitation light for different wavelengths were measured by a power meter (S122C, Thorlabs, USA) before the experiment. The sensor output was monitored by a source meter (6242, ADCMT, Japan).
4. Experimental results
4.1. Responses for front-side illumination
Before the experiments regarding the backside illumination, photocurrents accompanying SPR were measured using a conventional front-side illumination configuration usually used in the grating coupling method. In this experiment, we used a device with device configurations that were slightly different from those of the device proposed in the fabrication section: the grating pitch was 3.46 μm, the Au thickness was 100 nm, and the other conditions were the same. The purpose of this experiment was to investigate whether the fabricated device correctly worked as an SPR coupler and was able to detect the SPR as an electrical signal. The experiments were carried out in an air environment, so the air was regarded as an analyte (Fig. 3(a)). The excitation wavelength was scanned from 1200 to 1500 nm with a wavelength interval of 10 nm. The stage was rotated to change the angle of incidence θAu from −20 to 20° with an angular resolution of 0.1°.
The photocurrent curves obtained for different wavelengths are plotted in Fig. 3(b). The vertical axis of the plots is presented as responsivity, which is defined as the photocurrent Iph divided by the excitation light intensity at each wavelength. The uppermost photocurrent curve corresponds to the experimental results with excitation light λ = 1200 nm. The responsivity level monotonically decreased with an increase in the wavelength of the excitation light with an interval of 10 nm. Several distinctive peaks were found in the whole responsivity curves. For example, in the photocurrent curve for λ = 1200 nm, four distinctive peaks were found at angles of incidence θAu = −18.8°, −0.6°, 0.4°, 18.4°. The peak positions continuously shifted as the excitation wavelength increased; the angular positions of the peaks at θAu = 0.4° and 18.4° shifted toward larger and smaller angular positions, respectively, as the excitation wavelength increased, crossed at λ = 1400 nm, and diverged from each other at λ > 1400 nm. In addition, because the optical configuration is symmetric about the angle of incidence θAu = 0°, the photocurrent curves are line symmetric about θAu = 0°.
Since these peaks accompany SPR, these peak angles are denoted as θSPR in the following text. Multiple SPR peaks for excitation light of a single wavelength correspond to different diffraction orders in the equation above. The calculation using the equation supported that these observed SPR peaks were generated by ± 2nd and ± 3rd order diffraction. The peak angular positions θSPR for the different wavelengths were extracted, and theoretical values are also plotted in Fig. 3(c). In the calculation, the permittivity of air was 1.0, and the dispersive permittivity values of Au were taken from . Since the dispersion of Au is gentle in the wavelength range used, the theoretical SPR positions exhibit linear lines in Fig. 3(c). The experimental SPR peak positions showed significant consistency with the theoretical ones. The experiments with front-side SPR excitation light illumination revealed that the fabricated device can generate SPR and that its behavior completely followed SPR coupling theory. The photocurrent detection using the Schottky barrier was also confirmed to function as intentioned.
4.2. Responses for backside illumination for air condition
As a next step, we performed experiments using backside illumination and verified whether SPR photocurrent responses change with the species of the analyte, in this case, air and water. First, the cavity over the measurement area was kept as atmosphere such that the air became the analyte (Fig. 4(a)). The excitation light from the backside of the device refracted at the air/n-Si interface, and it reached the Au/n-Si interface with an angle of incidence θAu. The angle of incidence θAu varied from −8° to 8°. The photocurrent curves for the excitation light with λ = 1200, 1300, 1400 and 1500 nm are plotted in Fig. 4(b). The photocurrent curves were line symmetric around θAu = 0°, as in the previous experiments. Compared with those in the previous experiments, the photocurrent peaks were not clear. There were still distinctive peaks on the curves. For example, four peaks at θAu = −4.6°, −2.5°, 2.5°, and 4.7° were observed for the photocurrent curve with an excitation light of λ = 1500 nm. In addition, the peak positions θAu systematically shifted as the wavelength of the excitation light changed. The peak positions θAu were extracted from the experimental data in Fig. 4(c). Extraction procedures are below. The photocurrents were regarded as functions of the angle of incidence θ, and were differentiated with respect to θ. The SPR peak points were extracted by finding a zero crossing angle where the differential values changed from positive to negative. However, since the noise was relatively large in the measured data, moving average for nine neighboring data points was performed before the differentiation. It should also be noted that the data points which are likely to be due to noise were considered to be misdetection, and excluded from the SPR peak angle plots. In addition, the theoretical peak positions θAu calculated by the equation above are also plotted in Fig. 4(c).
In the calculation, the dispersion of n-Si was considered and was taken from . Although peaks around 0° for the wavelength ranging from 1250 to 1500 nm and peaks around ± 7° for the wavelength ranging from 1300 to 1500 nm cannot be attributed to SPR coupling, other peaks showed high consistency with the calculated results, ± 2nd, ± 3rd, and ± 4th order diffraction SPR couplings. In both the experimental and theoretical data plots, the peak lines crossed around θAu = ± 3.2°. The obtained results confirmed that SPR excitation could be performed using backside illumination for air as the analyte.
4.3. Responses for backside illumination for water condition
In the final experiment, we changed the analyte from air to water by filling the cavity with water and measured the SPR photocurrent response (Fig. 5(a)); the obtained results are shown in Fig. 5(b). The dispersive permittivity values of water at a temperature of 22°C were taken from . Two photocurrent peaks were found for excitation light with λ = 1200 nm at θAu = −4.7° and 4.8°, which were attributed to SPR. Compared with the photocurrent curves for the excitation light with λ = 1300 nm, 1400 nm and 1500 nm, the peak positions θSPR systematically shifted. Notably, there are also some gentle increases in the photocurrent curves around θAu = ± 4° for λ = 1500 nm. These increases can be attributed to the SPR excited at the Au/n-Si interface instead of the Au/analyte interface based on theoretical considerations. Since the resonant point of SPR occurring on the Au/n-Si interface is not altered by the analyte permittivity change, SPR measurements should be conducted around the angular positions where no Au/n-Si SPR exists.
The obtained experimental peak positions θSPR considered to have been excited on an Au/analyte interface are plotted in Fig. 5(c) along with theoretical plots. The extraction of the peak positions θSPR followed the procedure in the previous section. Theoretical calculation indicated that the SPR couplings on a Au/analyte interface corresponding to ± 2nd, ± 3rd, ± 4th and ± 5th order diffraction were generated on the device. At almost all wavelengths, SPR peaks corresponding to the ± 3rd order diffraction were experimentally observed. The SPR peaks corresponding to ± 4th order diffraction were sometimes difficult to observe, so there were several wavelengths where the SPR peaks were missed. The angular shift behavior of the SPR peaks with ± 4th order diffraction, however, approximately showed consistency with the theoretical angular behavior. On the other hand, the SPR peak with ± 2nd and ± 5th order diffraction was not observed, which can be attributed to the weak SPR coupling efficiency for the diffraction order. Since the obtained SPR photocurrent behaviors are basically dependent on the permittivity of the analyte on the Au grating surface, in principle, it is possible to employ the proposed device for chemical SPR sensing by improving the SP resonant performance of the proposed device for aqueous specimen. We calculated the sensitivity of the sensor by the angular shift amplitude per refractive index unit (RIU) change using the SPR responses for the diffraction order m = −3 at the wavelength of 1500 nm. The SPR angles can be found at 4.5° for air, and −0.5° for water. Since the refractive indices of air and water for the wavelength are 1.00 and 1.32, respectively, the angular shift sensitivity is calculated as 15.6°/RIU based on the procedure in .
In this paper, we verified that SPR excitation and electrical sensing can be performed with backside illumination using an electrically detectable SPR device equipped with a Au grating. This optical configuration can eliminate unwanted interactions between the excitation light and the analyte because the excitation light does not need to transmit through the analyte solution before reaching the Au grating. Many varieties of analyte liquid, including nontransparent solutions such as colloidal or opaque liquids, can therefore be applied for SPR sensing. Since the SPR coupling efficiency can be tuned by the design of the grating, such as the grating pitch and height, SPR measurements can be performed with clearer SPR curves. In addition, the grating design determines SPR coupling angles, and an optical arrangement, such as the normal incidence of the excitation light, will be possible. Then, the use of a planar light source such as a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) for the excitation light will allow elimination of the optical system and provide a one-chip SPR sensor. The proposed SPR measurement configuration can enable drastic downsizing of SPR sensors.
New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO), Japan.
The EB direct writings were carried out using the EB lithography apparatus of the VLSI Design and Education Center (VDEC) of the University of Tokyo. The microfabrications were performed in a clean room of the Division of Advanced Research Facilities of the Coordinated Center for UEC Research Facilities of the University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo, Japan.
1. C. Nylander, B. Liedberg, and T. Lind, “Gas detection by means of surface plasmon resonance,” Sens. Actuators 3, 79–88 (1982). [CrossRef]
2. J. M. Bingham, J. N. Anker, L. E. Kreno, and R. P. Van Duyne, “Gas sensing with high-resolution localized surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy,” J. Am. Chem. Soc. 132(49), 17358–17359 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
3. B. Liedberg, C. Nylander, and I. Lunström, “Surface plasmon resonance for gas detection and biosensing,” Sens. Actuators 4, 299–304 (1983). [CrossRef]
5. E. Wijaya, C. Lenaerts, S. Maricot, J. Hastanin, S. Habraken, J.-P. Vilcot, R. Boukherroub, and S. Szunerits, “Surface plasmon resonance-based biosensors: From the development of different SPR structures to novel surface functionalization strategies,” Curr. Opin. Solid State Mater. Sci. 15(5), 208–224 (2011). [CrossRef]
6. N. C. Lindquist, T. W. Johnson, J. Jose, L. M. Otto, and S. H. Oh, “Ultrasmooth metallic films with buried nanostructures for backside reflection-mode plasmonic biosensing,” Ann. Phys. 524(11), 687–696 (2012). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
7. S. Pi, X. Zeng, N. Zhang, D. Ji, B. Chen, H. Song, A. Cheney, Y. Xu, S. Jiang, D. Sun, Y. Song, and Q. Gan, “Dielectric-Grating-Coupled Surface Plasmon Resonance From the Back Side of the Metal Film for Ultrasensitive Sensing,” IEEE Photonics J. 8, 4800207 (2016).
8. W.-K. Kuo, J. Tongpakpanang, P.-H. Kuo, and S.-F. Kuo, “Implementation and phase detection of dielectric-grating-coupled surface plasmon resonance sensor for backside incident light,” Opt. Express 27(4), 3867–3872 (2019). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
9. C. Clavero, “Plasmon-induced hot-electron generation at nanoparticle/metal-oxide interfaces for photovoltaic and photocatalytic devices,” Nat. Photonics 8(2), 95–103 (2014). [CrossRef]
10. A. Sobhani, M. W. Knight, Y. Wang, B. Zheng, N. S. King, L. V. Brown, Z. Fang, P. Nordlander, and N. J. Halas, “Narrowband photodetection in the near-infrared with a plasmon-induced hot electron device,” Nat. Commun. 4(1), 1643 (2013). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
11. W. Chen, T. Kan, Y. Ajiki, K. Matsumoto, and I. Shimoyama, “NIR spectrometer using a Schottky photodetector enhanced by grating-based SPR,” Opt. Express 24(22), 25797–25804 (2016). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
12. B. Park, S. H. Yun, C. Y. Cho, Y. C. Kim, J. C. Shin, H. G. Jeon, Y. H. Huh, I. Hwang, K. Y. Baik, Y. I. Lee, H. S. Uhm, G. S. Cho, and E. H. Choi, “Surface plasmon excitation in semitransparent inverted polymer photovoltaic devices and their applications as label-free optical sensors,” Light Sci. Appl. 3(12), e222 (2014). [CrossRef]
13. T. Tsukagoshi, Y. Kuroda, K. Noda, N. Binh-Khiem, T. Kan, and I. Shimoyama, “Compact surface plasmon resonance system with Au/Si schottky barrier,” Sensors (Basel) 18(2), 399 (2018). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
14. Y. Ajiki, T. Kan, K. Matsumoto, and I. Shimoyama, “Electrically detectable surface plasmon resonance sensor by combining a gold grating and a silicon photodiode,” Appl. Phys. Express 11(2), 022001 (2018). [CrossRef]
15. H. Raether, Surface Plasmons on Smooth and Rough Surfaces and on Gratings (Springer, 1988).
16. S. K. Cheung and N. W. Cheung, “Extraction of Schottky diode parameters from forward current‐voltage characteristics,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 49(2), 85–87 (1986). [CrossRef]
17. A. D. Rakić, A. B. Djurišić, J. M. Elazar, and M. L. Majewski, “Optical properties of metallic films for vertical-cavity optoelectronic devices,” Appl. Opt. 37(22), 5271–5283 (1998). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
18. R. Khanna, Handbook of Optical Constants of Solids (Academic Press, 1997).
19. P. Schiebener, J. Straub, J. M. H. Levelt Sengers, and J. S. Gallagher, “Refractive index of water and steam as function of wavelength, temperature and density,” J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 19(3), 677–717 (1990). [CrossRef]
20. J. Homola, I. Koudela, and S. S. Yee, “Surface plasmon resonance sensors based on diffraction gratings and prism couplers: sensitivity comparison,” Sens. Actuators B Chem. 54(1-2), 16–24 (1999). [CrossRef]


Cisco Small Business SPA302D - Wireless digital phone - DECT - multi-line operation
The Cisco SPA302D Multi-Line DECT Handset is designed exclusively for use with the Cisco SPA232D Multi-Line DECT ATA, and together these products enable the convenience of a cordless on-premises mobility solution for voice-over-IP (VoIP) service. The SPA302D is a mobility enhanced handset, designed primarily for business environments that require a cordless phone to support not just one but multiple telephone numbers or lines, providing a highly innovative VoIP solution for users who tend to frequently move about their location but must always be reachable around the premises.
The intuitive, easy-to-use menu structure on the Cisco SPA302D Handset allows you to easily navigate enhanced business call-control features, including multicall operation, and execute business-essential features such as call transfer, conferencing, hold, new call, mute, speakerphone, voicemail, intercom, and one-touch dial-out from call-history logs. Wideband audio provides unsurpassed high-definition voice quality and enhanced sound clarity while the high-resolution color screen provides clear visual information whether it is reflecting call status, displaying stored contact information from a private or shared phonebook, or configuring handset calling features. Superior performance and range along with highly efficient battery power usage based on DECT technology gives the SPA302D a distinct advantage and provides an affordable solution for customers who want to deploy on-premises mobility at a lower price point.
You can purchase the Cisco SPA302D individually or bundled as the Cisco SPA302DKIT Multi-Line DECT Handset with Base Station, providing flexible options to add up to a total of five handsets when needed and enabling more users with on-premises mobility. The Cisco SPA302D and Cisco SPA232D are interoperable with many softswitch and SIP application servers (BroadSoft and MetaSwitch) and open-source IP-PBX solutions (Asterisk), to provide highly configurable and secure remote provisioning capabilities to enable mass-scale VoIP service provider activation and deployment. The Cisco SPA232D Multi-Line DECT ATA has an integrated DECT base station and is also an affordable, highly reliable voice gateway for connecting an analog phone or fax machine to a service provider; it can also intelligently route VoIP calls to the public switched telephone network (PSTN) and vice versa. The Cisco SPA302D Multi-Line DECT Handset is ideal for any residential, home office, or business searching for an advanced, multiline cordless mobility solution with superior voice quality to boost efficiency for busy users who must be reachable whether they are in the office or elsewhere on the premises.
Product Description Cisco Small Business SPA302D - wireless digital phone


Perhaps the best .17 caliber coyote bullet of all time…
Many .17 shooters have long considered the 30 gr. Gold that Todd Kindler of the Woodchuck Den used to make as “the” bullet for coyote with large capacity .17’s. The combination of high BC, accuracy and terminal performance on coyote may be unmatched. My .17 Predator, which has been my main squeeze on stand since I had it built over a dozen years ago, was built around the 30 gr. Gold. And I have had great success with that rifle and the 30 Gold on coyote over the years, accounting for over 500 coyote killed.
But a few years ago, Todd stopped making his fantastic bullets. He sold his dies and since then, there have been no more 30 Golds. Guys regularly come on the predator hunting forums asking where to get them, to be met with the same sad answer every time, that the 30 Gold had been relegated to “unobtanium” status.
Until, that is, just a few weeks ago. The dies along with a supply of J4 jackets of the correct length for making the 30 Golds are back in production and the 30 Gold is available again!
Montana Mize, of Hamilton, Texas now owns the original dies, along with a good supply of the long .17 J4 jackets needed to make the 30 Golds and is in full production. Note – Montana is not the guy who originally bought the dies from Todd Kindler. So, what you may have heard about the guy that bought them originally, does not apply to the new owner!
What are these new Golds called, anyway?
I wasn’t sure what to call the new Golds. Because the maker is in Texas, I started calling them Texas Golds. But when the bullets arrived, the sender was listed as Montana Mize. So I thought maybe they should be called Montana Golds? I asked Montana what he calls them. He said that the name Texas Golds seems to have stuck, so Texas Golds it is!
Spot check, weight, ogive, length, diameter…
The day the new bullets arrived I sat down to compare the new Golds to the old Woodchuck Den Golds. I noted some differences in ogive length, weight and diameter. See chart below for details.
I chose just ten random bullets from my box of old stock WCD 30 Golds and ten bullets from the new box of Texas Golds. As you can see in the chart above, the new Golds weigh about .4 grain more than the old ones. And the ogives are about .011 longer. And, the diameter is about .0004 smaller than the old ones too.
Note too, that for each dimension I measured, the new Golds have more variation, especially in weight and ogive length.
How do they shoot?
Enough of the measuring though, yesterday morning I was able to get out and shoot some groups.
I have only one rifle I intend to use these bullets in, so all I wanted to know is how these new bullets shoot in my .17 Predator compared to the old ones. With just under 1,000 rounds through the bore and about .055 of throat erosion, this rifle has definitely lost a step and no longer has the guilt edged accuracy it had when new. About a year ago I added a Thunder Beast Ultra 7 6.5 suppressor to the rifle, all groups were shot suppressed. Scope is a Leupold 4.5-14×40.
For test loads I used the same lot of brass, primers and powder and loaded up the Texas Golds and some of the old Golds with the same load I have been using since the rifle was new. Because the ogives of the new Golds are .010 longer than the old Golds I have, to keep the relationship to the lands the same, I adjusted the seating die .010 deeper on the new Golds. Comparator measurements of the two after loading are within .001 of each other.
At this point, I’ll mention that I have adjusted the seating depth of my load out over the years to follow the lands. But, I’m out of neck. There is well less than a caliber of bullet shank in the neck. They are as long as I’m comfortable making them for field use. Being able to seat the new ones .010 deeper didn’t hurt my feelings one bit.
I shot the groups off of a folding table, not a solid concrete bench. After many years shooting off this table I’m confident that I can shoot consistently “almost” as good off of it as a solid bench. But, in truth, it really is only “almost” as good. A solid bench likely would have sucked the groups up just a tiny bit.
Conditions were a bit foggy, enough to cause some degree of difficulty in aiming on a few shots. And because it was only about 25 degrees out and I was shooting kind of fast, I had some mirage coming off the barrel and suppressor.
I have never been a really good group shooter either. Competent, but no more than competent.
So, I tell you all of this in order to emphasize that these groups should not be construed in any way, shape or form, as an attempt to find the accuracy potential of these bullets. I am absolutely certain that a more accurate rifle, a better group shooter, a more solid bench will yield smaller groups. I’m not a bench rest shooter and my .17 Predator is a sporter weight hunting rifle, not a benchrest rifle.
The only thing I was trying to find out, was how these bullets shoot compared to the old bullets, in this particular hunting rifle. Using the exact same load. Nothing more!
So let’s look at the groups.
I shot only two, five shot groups of each bullet. Alternating, first WCD, then Texas, WCD and Texas. As you can see, the old WCD Golds turned in groups of .455 and .445, for a .450 average. The Texas Golds turned in groups of .585 and .455 for a .520 average. The old .17 Predator is barely hanging on to 1/2 MOA by the skin of its teeth…
Two groups of each, honestly, isn’t enough data to prove anything. But, with this rifle, since new, I have striven to keep paper punching and load work to an absolute minimum. After a little bit of load work when new, this rifle has scarcely touched paper in the years since, except for very occasional zero checks. It’s for killing coyote, plain pure and simple. The barrel life on a hot rod like the .17 Predator is short. I intend that when this barrel is done, it’s short life will have been well lived, devoted to killing coyote. This one has .055 erosion already and definitely isn’t as accurate as it once was.
My Thoughts On The New Golds VS. The Original WCD Golds
So, as I said, I was only interested in seeing how the new bullets shot, with the exact same load, compared to the new ones. In this short test, they didn’t shoot quite as good. But pretty close!
Frankly, given the variations in ogive, weight and diameter measured, I didn’t expect them to shoot as well as the old ones. But they shot pretty well, just the same.
A couple more things worth mentioning. The new Golds had the same POI as the old ones – a good thing if I want to switch between them. Also, after shooting the groups, I strapped the Magnetospeed on and ran four rounds of each bullet for chrony data. The eight shots formed a nice round group measuring .560, not too shabby and again showing exactly the same POI.
The chrony data was interesting, as the new bullets averaged 40 fps slower than the old ones. The differences in weight and diameter perhaps?
More shooting would certainly be more definitive. I’ll leave it up to you the reader to draw your own conclusions, or lack of conclusion. I’ve made mine.
Do they shoot good enough? For coyote hunting, I’d certainly say so. And, let’s not forget, this is a new bullet maker. What I see in the dimensional and group data, is room for improvement. After talking to Montana again this morning, it sounds like he was already way ahead of me on this – he mentioned tightening up his process and dimensions before I even brought it up. I’m betting any bullets he ships today, are even better than the ones tested here. I’ll be buying more of them, for sure.
Speaking of coyote hunting… That’s another test, for another day. How well will these new Texas Golds kill, compared to the old ones. Personally, given that I know they are made from the same jackets, core material and from the same dies, I am highly confident that they’ll kill just the same. I’ll report back on that, when I’ve killed enough coyote with them to form a solid conclusion but I’m expecting them to perform superbly on called coyote, just like the originals.
To order these new 30 Golds, give Montana a call at 254-784-9533. He ships fast! He has other weight Golds besides the 30s and says he’ll have .20s online soon as well. If there is a particular .20 caliber bullet you wish you could have, it might be worth putting a bug in his ear. I did <grin>.


(Cleveland) - The president of the Cleveland Teachers Union has filed an elections complaint against Cleveland's Future Fund, LLC, which is the political action committee formed to oppose Issue 68, the tax levy for the Cleveland Metropolitan Schools.
In the complaint, CTU President Shari Obrenski said the PAC did not register as a political action committee, and missed state deadlines to file an campaign finance report.
Cleveland's Future's Fund, LLC, has not disclosed its backers, but Willoughby-based real estate developer Doug Price did confirm for Crain's Cleveland Business that he contributed to the campaign. The PAC has claimed on its website, in mailings, and in TV ads, that if Issue 68 passes, it would drive up rents, and force small businesses to close. They claim it would cost taxpayers $90 million more per year for each of the next ten years.
The pro-Issue 68 website says passage would add less than $7 per month in taxes to a home at the median value in Cleveland. It also says it would help the CMSD continue to raise the graduation rate, along with reading and math scores.
(Copyright 2020, iHeartMedia)
Listen to WTAM for news at the top and bottom of the hour.