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Opinions about the cathedral of Palermo are quite divided. Some people think that the building is magnificent, and that the mixture of architectural styles presents us with an intriguing summary of the various phases in Sicilian history. Others, however, believe that the cathedral is simply hideous and lament what later architects have done to the original Norman-Sicilian edifice. The eminent historian of Norman Sicily John Julius Norwich can be counted among the detractors. As early as 1970 he called the cathedral of Palermo a “sad travesty”. I personally think that goes too far. Admittedly, not every architectural intervention can be called a success, but the building still has a lot to offer, ranging from the tomb of one of the greatest monarchs of the Middle Ages to the crown of his wife. The cathedral itself can be visited for free. Those who also want to see the royal tombs, the roof terraces, the crypt and the treasury will have to buy a ticket.
According to tradition Palermo has had a bishop since the second century. In the middle of the fifth century a certain Mamilianus held the office. Together with a number of others he was taken prisoner by invading Vandals and deported to North Africa. Via Sardinia he ended up on the islands of Montecristo and Giglio, where he died. As a bishop, Mamilianus must have had his own cathedral, but as far as we know nothing remains of this building. The history of the cathedral of Palermo therefore starts during the pontificate of Pope Gregorius the Great (590-604). The cathedral was said to have been built when a certain John was archbishop of Palermo and to have been completed in 604. The building was dedicated to the Virgin Mary and some historians believe that the crypt of the current cathedral is a remnant of this building (although other historians have refuted this position). Another possible remnant of the original cathedral is the strange little building that we find to the north of the cathedral and that is known as the Cappella dell’Incoronata.
In 831 the Muslim Aghlabids from North Africa captured Palermo. The cathedral of the city was taken from the Christians, most of whom were, by the way, Greek-Orthodox rather than Catholics. In other words, they aligned with the Patriarch of Constantinople rather than the Bishop of Rome (i.e. the Pope). The former cathedral was converted into a mosque, one of the 300 mosques that were said to have stood in Balarm (the Arabic name of Palermo). The building was known as the Gami, a name that no doubt derives from Arabic Jami Masjid, a reference to the Great Mosque of the city where Friday prayers were held (cf. Turkish camii and Greek τζαμί). An inscription on one of the columns (the one on the far left) of the portico on the south side of the cathedral serves as a reminder that the building was once an Islamic house of prayer. According to this source the inscription is a verse from Sura 7 of the Quran. We may ask ourselves why the text was never chiselled away. Was it out of respect for the Holy Book of another religion or, quite the opposite, to demonstrate that Christianity had ultimately triumphed over Islam?
In the meantime, the conversion of the cathedral into a mosque had certain consequences for the Christians of Palermo. They were allowed to practice their religion, but were subject to certain restrictions and were moreover required to pay the jizya, a tax for non-Muslims. The Orthodox archbishop left the city and, together with his court, settled on the Monte Caputo, where the small chapel of Hagia Kyriake became the new “cathedral”. Later the town of Monreale was founded on the aforementioned mountain, and in the twelfth century King William II of Sicily (1166-1189) cleverly used the status of the chapel to grant the immense church that he built there between 1174 and 1189 the rank of a cathedral. More information about the cathedral of Monreale and its relationship with the cathedral of Palermo can be found below.
On 10 January 1072 the Normans, led by Robert Guiscard (1015-1085) and his younger brother Roger de Hauteville (1031-1101), took Palermo. The Normans were Catholic or Latin Christians, but they were more than happy to cede the Gami mosque to the Greek-Orthodox archbishop Nicodemus, who reconsecrated the building as a Christian cathedral and then held a thanksgiving service according to the Byzantine rite. Nicodemus was the last Greek-Orthodox archbishop; his successors were all Catholics. Ever more Catholics from Southern Italy settled on Sicily, and so Catholic influence on the island increased dramatically over the years. While Roger de Hauteville only bore the title of Great Count of Sicily, his son Roger II thought bigger. In 1127-1128 he annexed Southern Italy (previously held by his cousin William of Apulia), and in 1130 he had himself anointed King of Sicily in the cathedral of Palermo by a legate of Antipope Anacletus II. The ceremony presumably took place in the aforementioned Cappella dell’Incoronata, remodelled by Roger II and subsequently used for the coronation of the other Norman-Sicilian kings.
The aforementioned King William II of Sicily, a grandson of Roger II, had a strained relationship with the archbishop of Palermo, Walter of the Mill. Walter was an Englishman who had started his career as a tutor of William and his brothers when these were still children. He had next been appointed archdeacon of Cefalù and canon of the Cappella Palatina in Palermo. In 1168 he was appointed archbishop of Palermo. In that year the favourite of William’s mother Margaret of Navarre, her cousin Stephen du Perche, was forced to step down as archbishop. Walter then held the office until his death in early 1191, and at an unspecified moment in the 1170s he began rebuilding the cathedral. His rebuilding project is often seen as part of the struggle between Walter and William, and between Palermo and Monreale. William supposedly started the construction of the cathedral of Monreale (some 6-7 kilometres outside Palermo) to restrict the power of Archbishop Walter. The latter indeed lost several parishes to the new archdiocese. In response Walter was said to have launched the rebuilding of his own cathedral.
The problem is that we do not know when exactly Walter started his project. It may have been around 1170 (which makes it unlikely that it was a reaction to King William’s project), but perhaps it was as late as 1179. It cannot be ruled out that the archbishop had other motives as well for wanting to rebuild his cathedral. The cathedral was several centuries old, perhaps in need of large-scale maintenance and moreover more or less unchanged since the building had been taken from the Muslims. This was the moment to grant Palermo a magnificent new cathedral in the Norman-Sicilian style. On 6 April 1185 the new cathedral was consecrated by the archbishop. True to the Norman style the building had a nave and aisles, with a slightly raised choir. Flying buttresses across the street – now the Via Matteo Bonello – connected the building with the bell-tower, which had been built against the archiepiscopal palace. Unfortunately we have very little information about the interior of the new cathedral. If it was embellished with frescoes and mosaics, then nothing of these decorations has survived. The original wooden roof construction was largely replaced during later renovations. The four conspicuous corner towers of the cathedral were only added in the fourteenth century.
The cathedral of Walter of the Mill has been remodelled quite a few times over the course of the centuries. The most original part of the building is perhaps the rear with its three apses. These can best be viewed from the Piazza Sett’Angeli. The beautiful geometric patterns on the apses strongly resemble those of the cathedral of Monreale. The merlons of the building are also original Norman-Sicilian elements. The large square in front of the cathedral (a former cemetery) was completed in 1195. The balustrade surrounding it was added in the sixteenth century and provided with statues of saints in the next century. In the eighteenth century the balustrade was replaced with a new one. That is the balustrade we see today.
Visitors usually enter the cathedral through a portal on the south side of the building that was added between 1423 and 1426. The portal is an example of the Catalan-Gothic style and it is a work by the architect Antonio (or Antonino) Gambara (died ca. 1442). The portal was built on the occasion of the coronation of King Alfonso V of Aragon, who was King of Sicily between 1416 and 1458 and who was nicknamed “the Magnanimous”. Moreover, Alfonso was King of Naples between 1442 and 1458 (as Alfonso I), which meant that for the first time since the thirteenth century the island and Southern Italy were ruled by one and the same monarch. A thirteenth-century mosaic of the Madonna and Child flanked by angels was inserted into the top part of the portal. A fitting decoration, as the cathedral is dedicated to the Virgin Mary (and her Assumption). The doors in the portal were made by Francesco Miranda and installed in 1432.
A few decades later the large portico on the south side of the cathedral was built, which is also an example of the Catalan-Gothic style. The portico has a beautiful tympanum, with a central scene of God the Father in the middle of an Annunciation. God is depicted here as a pope, with a tiara on his head and sitting on a throne. Below the tympanum we see two dozen smaller figures, all of them saints, apostles, evangelists or prophets. The cathedral, by the way, also has an official main entrance, on the west side, in the Via Matteo Bonello. It looks like it is seldom used. This entrance consists of a fourteenth-century Gothic portal with modern bronze doors. The doors are the work of Filippo Sgarlata (1901-1979), who made them in 1961. On the north side, in the Via Incoronazione, is another entrance. The original portico on this side was made by the brothers Fazio (1520-1567) and Vincenzo Gagini (1527-1595), both sons of the famous Antonello Gagini (1478-1536). The portico was remodelled in the eighteenth century, as part of a larger project that completely altered the appearance of the cathedral.
The eighteenth century initially saw a couple of fairly modest restorations. The bell-tower for instance had to be rebuilt after an earthquake in 1726, and in 1767 the architect Ferdinando Fuga (1699-1782) executed a restoration aimed at conserving the building. Fuga also planned a much bigger renovation that was ultimately to be executed between 1781 and 1801. By the time the project was launched, the architect was already in his early eighties, and he would die in 1782. This means we should largely ascribe the renovation to Giuseppe Venanzio Marvuglia (1729-1814) from Palermo. Lord Norwich, already mentioned in the introduction to this post, was highly scathing about the result:
“[T]he crowning desecration, literally and figuratively, on the outside and within, took place in the eighteenth century when the Florentine architect Ferdinando Fuga clapped on a ludicrous and totally unrelated dome, hacked away the side walls to make fourteen chapels, removed the wooden roof and replaced it with inferior vaulting, then whitewashed the whole thing – the apse mosaics had already been torn down two centuries earlier – and baroqued it up beyond recognition. Today the kindest thing to do about Palermo Cathedral would be to ignore it – were it not for the Royal Tombs.”
While no one could rant so eloquently as the late Lord Norwich (he died in 2018), his criticism is not entirely fair. First of all, Fuga was ultimately hardly involved in the renovation, and it is up for debate whether Marvuglia and his associates stuck to Fuga’s plans. The replacement of the wooden roof constructions, in any case those in the aisles, had moreover already taken place in 1709 and the interior of the cathedral is Neoclassical rather than Baroque. And yet it cannot be denied that the eighteenth-century renovation has needlessly destroyed a lot. The best example of wanton destruction is the so-called tribuna by Antonello Gagini in the central apse. It consisted of three rows of saints, one above the other, forty in total and complemented by reliefs featuring the Assumption, the Risen Christ, God the Father and stories about the lives of the saints that were included. From 1510 until his death in 1536, Antonello Gagini worked on the tribuna. His sons continued the work until 1574, but at the end of the eighteenth century the whole construction was disassembled. The relief of God the Father in the conch of the apse (by Vincenzo Gagini) was lost altogether and most of the statues were placed outside between the merlons of the cathedral (which must have looked rather ridiculous). It was not until 1952 that the statues were relocated to the interior of the building.
The big renovation of 1781-1801 not just provided the cathedral with one large dome, but also with sixteen smaller domes, eight on every side. Each little dome has a colourful majolica roof. The large bell-tower got its present appearance in 1835, after it was heavily damaged by an earthquake in 1823. The Neogothic tower that we can admire today is a work by Emmanuele Palazzotto (1798-1872).
The Neoclassical interior of the cathedral can hardly be considered beautiful, but it does have a number of interesting elements. Columns from the cathedral of Walter of the Mill have been incorporated into the large pillars that divide the building into a nave and two aisles. The statues from the tribuna of Antonello Gagini and his sons have been set up against these pillars (see the image above), and the Risen Christ has (again) been granted a spot in the central apse. This apse is now covered by a large fresco made in 1803 by the painter Mariano Rossi (1731-1807). We see how Robert Guiscard and Roger de Hauteville give the cathedral back to Archbishop Nicodemus (image above). Rossi also painted the Assumption of the Virgin on the barrel vault of the choir. On the left in the choir we see the royal throne and a Paschal candlestick. The two items are reconstructions, but original material was used to create them. The Cosmatesque decorations are beautiful. The text on the throne reads PRIMA SEDES CORONA REGIS ET REGNI CAPVT, or “first residence, crown of the King and capital of the Kingdom”, which are all references to the city of Palermo.
If you wander through the building, you will notice quite a few other nice works of art. I especially liked a holy water stoup by Domenico Gagini (ca. 1420-1492), Antonello’s father. Very important from a religious point of view is the chapel to the right of the choir, dedicated to Saint Rosalia. She is the most prominent patron saint of Palermo. In the twelfth century Rosalia left the city to live on the Monte Pellegrino as a hermit. Although she was venerated as a saint after her death in 1166 or 1170, it was not until the plague of 1624 that her cult really gained momentum. By that time Palermo already had a plethora of patron saints, but neither Olivia, nor Nympha, Agatha and Christina proved to be able to stop the terrible disease. Fortunately some two months after the outbreak of the plague Saint Rosalia’s body was rediscovered and – coincidence or not – it was right at that moment that the curve of infections began to flatten. Rosalia has been considered patron saint of the city ever since. Her chapel in the cathedral, where her relics are kept, was completed in 1635, but the wall reliefs by Valerio Villareale (1773-1854) date from 1818. In the square in front of the cathedral we find a statue of Santa Rosalia in the centre.
Lastly, what is special about the interior of the cathedral is the presence of a bronze meridian. It is the work of Giuseppe Piazzi (1746-1826), who was both a priest and a mathematician and astronomer. The meridian was placed in 1801 and marked the start of European time reckoning on Sicily. It strongly reminded me of a similar meridian in Rome, which is, however, almost a hundred years older.
Visitors with tickets can admire four imposing royal tombs in the first two chapels on the right side. In the back on the left is the tomb of Roger II, King of Sicily between 1130 and 1154. He was, as was already mentioned above, the founder of the Norman-Sicilian kingdom, which also comprised all of Italy south of the river Garigliano. To the right of Roger’s tomb is that of his posthumous daughter Constance (1154-1198). She was married to Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor, who because of his marriage to Constance also became King of Sicily (Roger’s grandson William II had died childless). Immediately after his coronation Henry VI turned out to be a merciless tyrant, so the Sicilians probably did not shed any tears when he died in 1197 at the tender age of 31. In spite of his tyranny, he was granted a beautiful porphyry sarcophagus that has now been placed in front of that of his wife. The last tomb, also made of porphyry and placed front left, is that of the son of Constance and Henry, Frederick II of Hohenstaufen. I have told the story of this larger than life character before, and will repeat it here almost verbatim.
Frederick was born on 26 December 1194 in the small town of Jesi in the Marche. His parents died when he was still very young, and after their deaths the new Pope Innocentius III (1198-1216) took care of the young orphan and became his guardian. Cencio Savelli – the future Pope Honorius III (1216-1227) – was appointed as the boy’s tutor. As a four-year-old, Frederick was already King of Sicily (after the death of his mother in 1198), but for the moment the position of Holy Roman Emperor eluded him. Henry VI was first succeeded by his brother Philip of Swabia and then by Otto of Brunswick. Frederick later successfully took up arms against the latter. When Otto – known to posterity as Otto IV – had been soundly defeated by the French at Bouvines, Frederick became the new King of the Romans. In 1220 he was crowned Holy Roman Emperor by his former tutor Pope Honorius III.
Frederick was undoubtedly one of the greatest monarchs of the thirteenth century, as is evidenced by his nickname stupor mundi, which is Latin for “astonishment of the world”. The Emperor was a great intellectual, who was very interested in science and was fluent in multiple languages, including Arabic. His proficiency in that language was hardly surprising. At the time Sicily was still home to a substantial minority of Arabic-speaking Muslims, the result of the Aghlabid conquest of 831 discussed above. The Norman conquest between 1061 and 1091 did not immediately end the influence of Islam on Sicily. Even in Frederick’s days, more than a century later, large groups of Muslims still inhabited the island. Frederick himself was of course a Catholic monarch, but his interest in Islam was genuine and he greatly admired the works of Islamic scholars. In an era of religious fanaticism and crusades, this gave him a bad reputation, especially with Pope Honorius’ successors. Frederick constantly found himself at odds with these gentlemen, Popes Gregorius IX (1227-1241) and Innocentius IV (1243-1254).
As early as 1217 Frederick had promised Honorius to go on a crusade. The holy city of Jerusalem had been captured by the armies of the First Crusade in 1099, but in 1187 it had been retaken by the Muslims. Frederick made preparations for a campaign to recapture the city, but kept procrastinating his departure for Palestine. When he finally started his crusade in 1227, Honorius had already died. Moreover, Frederick himself was struck by a serious illness. Honorius’ successor Gregorius IX showed little sympathy and excommunicated the Emperor for breaking his promise, an act he repeated the next year when a recovered Frederick sailed to Jerusalem. In spite of these setbacks, Frederick continued his crusade and – still excommunicated – concluded a ten-year peace treaty with Sultan Al-Kamil of Cairo. The treaty stipulated that Jerusalem, Nazareth and Bethlehem were to be returned to the Christians. Not a single drop of blood had been shed. Frederick was crowned King of Jerusalem and the city would remain in Christian hands until 1244.
Although he had set foot in the holiest city of Christianity as an excommunicated man, Pope Gregorius undid Frederick’s excommunication, only to excommunicate him again in 1239. Gregorius passed away in 1241 and his successor Celestinus IV died after just 17 days on the throne of Saint Peter. Sinibaldo dei Fieschi – who was elected in 1243 and took the name of Innocentius IV – was then Frederick’s nemesis for the seven remaining years of the latter’s life. Frederick was almost immediately excommunicated again, and on 13 December 1250, about two weeks before his 56th birthday, the Emperor died of dysentery. He was laid to rest in a porphyry sarcophagus that was originally not intended for him, but for his grandfather Roger II. It had always been Roger’s fervent wish to find his final resting place in the cathedral of Cefalù, which he had built himself. It was there that two porphyry sarcophagi were placed, one as a tomb for the King, the other as an empty memorial for the Hauteville family. After his death in 1154, Roger’s wish was sadly ignored, and he was buried in the cathedral of his capital Palermo. The two sarcophagi remained in Cefalù for decades, but in 1215 Frederick had them taken to Palermo to be used for himself and his late father.
In the right chapel we also find, on the wall, the tomb of Constance of Aragon, Frederick’s first wife. She had been born between 1179 and 1183, so she was much older than her husband (and she had already been married to the Hungarian king Imre). Constance died in 1222 in Catania and was laid to rest in the cathedral of Palermo in an ancient Roman sarcophagus. She had borne Frederick a son, Henry (1211-1242), who was elected King of the Romans, but ultimately rebelled against his father and spent his final years in captivity. Frederick was therefore succeeded by his son Conrad, born from his second marriage to Yolande of Brienne (1212-1228). In 1235 Frederick married for the third time, this time to Isabella of England (ca. 1214-1241), a sister of the English king Henry III. After Conrad’s death in 1254 the de facto ruler of Sicily was Manfred, Frederick’s favourite illegitimate son. As of 1258 Manfred began officially calling himself King of Sicily, but in 1266 he was defeated by the Frenchman Charles of Anjou, whose victory ushered in the Angevin era in Sicilian history (see Palermo: Santo Spirito and the Sicilian Vespers).
A door in the counter-façade gives visitors access to a staircase that leads to the roofs of the cathedral. A kind of mezzanine then offers a nice view of the little domes of the right aisle. However, the view from the roof of the nave is much more spectacular. Look towards the west and you will see the former royal palace, the Palazzo dei Normanni. Then look across the square in front of the cathedral and admire the many domes of the Palermitan churches, with in the background the morning fog between the mountains surrounding Palermo. For the best view, look towards the north. There the mighty Monte Pellegrino rises, the mountain on which Saint Rosalia lived and where we find her seventeenth-century sanctuary (the castle on the mountain is the Castello Utveggio, built in 1934). Visitors also get a good view of the Teatro Politeama, which opened to the public in 1874, and can lastly walk around the dome designed and constructed by Fuga and Marvuglia.
Crypt and treasury
The exact age of the crypt is debated. As was already mentioned, it may be a remnant of the 604 cathedral, but there are plenty of historians who date the crypt to the twelfth or even the fourteenth century. Irrespective of its age, the crypt is interesting because of the 23 sarcophagi that have been placed down here. According to an information panel 11 of these have always stood in the crypt, while the other 12 were placed here during the great renovation of 1781-1801. As with Constance of Aragon’s tomb, the tombs are often pagan Roman sarcophagi that have been adjusted to serve as the final resting places of the Christian dead.
Examples of Christian dead are, of course, in the first place the archbishops of Palermo. In the crypt we for instance find the sarcophagus of Archbishop Hugh, whose episcopate lasted from 1150 to 1161. Hugh’s sarcophagus is a clear example of a reused Roman sarcophagus, which still features the pagan deities Tiber (a personification of the river) and Ceres. Archbishop Walter of the Mill, responsible for rebuilding the cathedral in the twelfth century, was on the other hand laid to rest in a Norman sarcophagus. Unfortunately a large part of the decorations of this sarcophagus has been lost. And then there is the sarcophagus of Giovanni Paternò, archbishop from 1489 until his death in 1511. The sarcophagus itself dates from Antiquity, but the reclining effigy of the deceased obviously does not. Paternò’s name was chiselled into his pillow.
Pietro Tagliavia d’Aragona, archbishop between 1544 and 1558, was also granted a Roman sarcophagus, but this one is from the early Christian era. In the centre we see a Christian cross with two pigeons and above it a wreath which once held the Greek letters chi and rho (XP), the first letters of the name of Christ. Considering the fact that there are twelve figures flanking the cross, it is hard not to think of the twelve apostles. In the crypt we once again stumble upon Frederick II when we study a sarcophagus that was made for his great-grandson Frederick of Antioch. Manfred was far from Frederick’s only illegitimate child. He also had another son, whose name was Frederick. Frederick’s son Conrad had five sons of his own. Two of these (Bartolomeo and Francesco) became archbishops of Palermo. It was no doubt their doing that their oldest brother, the aforementioned Frederick of Antioch, was interred in the crypt after his death in 1305. That the family was well respected, in spite of its bastard origins, is demonstrated by the fact that three of Conrad’s daughters married members of the Della Scala family from Verona.
The crypt gives access to the treasury, where the highlight must be the crown of Constance of Aragon. The beautiful object was made in the tiraz (textile workshop) of the royal palace and consists of gold and silver thread, pearls and other precious stones. The large red and black stone on the front side has a text in Arabic that can be translated as “Isa, son of Gibair, trusts in God”. Isa – the Arabic name of Jesus – may have been the name of the maker of the crown. The object is dated to 1220-1222. At the time Palermo was still culturally Arabic, but the tolerance that had been so characteristic of the Norman-Sicilian kingdom had unfortunately already been eroded. As a result, many Muslims had left the city and had started a guerilla war against the Christians in the rough and barren regions of Western Sicily. In 1222-1226 Frederick II was forced to act against the rebels, forcibly moving several thousands of them (perhaps as many as 15-20,000) to Lucera in Apulia. There the Muslim community survived for a few more decades.
- Capitool travel guide Sicily (2019), p. 70-71;
- John Julius Norwich, The Normans in the South;
- John Julius Norwich, The Kingdom in the Sun;
- Cattedrale di Palermo, la cronistoria;
- Cattedrale di Palermo, la visita virtuale;
- Cattedrale di Palermo – Wikipedia.
 John Julius Norwich, The Kingdom in the Sun, p. 316.
 John Julius Norwich, The Normans in the South, p. 177.
 The year mentioned in Capitool travel guide Sicily (2019), p. 70 and The Kingdom in the Sun, p. 316.
 The Kingdom in the Sun, p. 363.

domain: history


Homelessness in America and How Centerstone is Helping
Homelessness is a growing issue in the United States. Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, there were more than 580,000 people experiencing homelessness in the U.S. Since the pandemic began, many businesses have had to close their doors, causing one of the largest waves of unemployment and home evictions. According to the Census Bureau, 1.3 million people reported that they were likely to be leaving their homes in the next two months due to eviction.
People who are experiencing homelessness face many risks to their safety every day. Some of the biggest threats to their safety are extreme temperatures, inclement weather, theft, legal issues, and the spread of illness. Homelessness can often contribute to increased mental health challenges, many of which often go unaddressed. Examples of mental health challenges that homeless populations might frequently experience include PTSD, substance use disorder, depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, and others. These affective disorders can make daily life challenging, especially when it comes to maintaining personal relationships, finding or maintaining employment, managing finances, and finding or living in stable housing.
Homelessness is not an issue one can battle alone. Here are just a few ways you can help your community:
- Research. Staying involved with what your community is doing to support your community members experiencing homelessness is really important. “You can incite change by staying informed about local politics and emailing your representatives,” says Phyllis Viltz, Director of Special Projects at Centerstone. Knowing the resources your community offers will be more beneficial in getting others involved.
- Volunteer. Ending homelessness is a community effort. Find local shelters and offer your services to help do your part. “Strengthening communities and doing your part to help is by offering housing and jobs to those who are struggling. Advocate on behalf of your community members for landlords to accept vouchers and for employers to allow them to work,” says Viltz.
- Spread Awareness. “Talk to media and alert legislators about your community’s efforts and resources they provide to the homeless population. Many people don’t understand the various reasons people find themselves experiencing homelessness, nor are they aware of the barriers people face when climbing out of homelessness,” says Viltz. Spreading the word will likely go further than just your local community and invite others to participate in volunteer programs.
Centerstone offers a variety of different services and grant programs in support of our homeless populations, including:
- Centerstone offers an array of different housing services for many different situations. In 2021, a new facility opened in Bloomington, Indiana, called Kinser Flats. Kinser Flats are for individuals and families experiencing homelessness who also suffer from substance use disorders or co-occurring substance use and mental health disorders. Kinser Flats features 50 individual housing units with on-site services related to recovery from opioid and substance use disorders.
- Keys to Recovery is a program made possible by the U.S. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) to help those experiencing homelessness and those with a substance use disorder or co-occurring substance use and mental health disorders. Centerstone’s Keys to Recovery provides trauma-informed therapy and case management to help clients identify recovery goals and stable housing that supports recovery. Keys to Recovery also offers employment assistance, linkage and referral to physical and mental health care resources, and connections to transportation services, daycare, education, and other community resources.
If you or someone you know is struggling to maintain stable housing or is facing homelessness, Centerstone can help. Call us at 1-877-HOPE123 (1-877-467-3123) for more information about our housing services.


text:
Solitary, cold, methodical, and unencumbered by scruples or regrets, a killer waits in the shadows, watching for his next target. Yet, the longer he waits, the more he thinks he’s losing his mind, if not his cool.
The VFX is made by:
Artemple Hollywood – VFX Supervisor: Wei Zheng
Ollin VFX – VFX Supervisors – Yabin Morales, Xany Mendez
Wylie Co. – VFX Supervisor – Jake Maymudes
Director – David Fincher
Release Date: November 10, 2023 – Netflix

domain: artistic


South Pittsburg High School has named Brian Paris as its new head baseball coach.
The two-night Best of Preps high school football jamboree gets under way tonight at Finley Stadium.
History dictates that South Pittsburg again will win the District 6-A football championship.
Tickets for the the inaugural Madaris Best of Preps Kickoff Classic on Aug. 21 at Finley Stadium, matching the McCallie and Cleveland high school football teams, are on sale now at www.timesfreepress.com/kickoff. Tickets cost $8 in advance and will be $10 on the day of the game.
As someone who loves high school football, I look forward to the area tour each year. So for the 15th consecutive year, on the first day Tennessee teams are allowed to practice in full pads, I tried to visit as many area schools as possible.
It all begins anew. Winter workouts became summer conditioning, which led to 7-on-7 passing camps, and now cleats will dig into dew-soaked practice fields this morning as high school football teams across Tennessee are allowed to put on full pads and prepare for the season's kickoff.
TSSAA Division I coaches and athletic directors from high schools in the southeastern part of the state met Thursday at Chattanooga Christian School to discuss football classification proposals and the possibility of a split between public and all private schools.
MURFREESBORO, Tenn. — Even though the debate over a potential public/private school complete split was never mentioned openly during the two days of the TSSAA Board of Control meetings, the subject was discussed during the closed-door session, according to one board member.
Coaches and athletes in southeastern Tennessee and northwestern Georgia often lament the fact that there is very little in-season competition between area high school programs in the two states. The TSSAA and the GHSA are on different reclassification cycles, so scheduling interstate contests proves difficult.
The biggest issue facing high school sports in more than a decade is still months from being decided, but if the Chattanooga area is any indication there is a clear consensus on the public-school/private-school debate.
Baseball for decades at Tyner was an afterthought, even a walkover for district opponents.
At least two area district champions face uphill battles today in region baseball semifinals.
Area high school football coaches have looked, are looking or will look for fit and familiarity in spring practice.
SOUTH PITTSBURG, Tenn. — It took just one inning for Whitwell to re-establish itself as the dominant softball team in District 6-A.
WHITWELL, Tenn. — It was the bottom of the order that helped South Pittsburg finish on top of the District 6-A baseball tournament.


text: in all the shapes and forms one can imagine. I specifically love when drawings tend to flow off the pencil or pen and continue to flow in an almost thoughtless or seamless manner. Many of the drawings you see here were part of a day that reminds me how much I love to draw, whether it is rough thumbnails, more rendered pieces, or lettering there is a certain zen tranquility that goes with pouring the mind on to paper. The R.I.P Seau is from reference, others from imagination. Thanks for viewing, more info on projects tomorrow.


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Category: Recipes By Course
Bread is Back Bitches! This recipe for the French baguette was given to me by a popular food truck...Read More
This tasty stuffed pork chop recipe is a simple and delicious dinner for two that you can have...Read More
The biscuits and gravy recipe is a distinctly American southern dish that has soft doughy biscuits and a flavorful country gravy. This dish is not only filling but comforting, and damn delicious! This biscuits and gravy recipe is a delicious casserole that you can make into a favorite brunch meal everyone will love.Read More
Considered the best thumbprint cookies recipe because it is a chocolate thumbprint cookie recipe with chocolate ganache filling. If you love chocolate, don’t miss this fantastic treat! Got chocolate?Read More
Make your own broth or grab some from the store because this creamy turkey soup recipe is damn delicious!
Making soup from scratch with the carcass from the turkey is not as difficult as it might sound. I love making my own broth for several reasons. First, it just tastes really good. Second, you know exactly what goes into your soup, there is no bullshit ingredients you can’t even pronounce. Third, it makes the house smell amazing all day! And finally, it uses all the parts of the animal.
A gooey chocolate crinkle cookie recipe that is not only amazingly delicious but super easy to make. This delicious chocolatey cookie is soft and chewy on the inside with a little crunch on the outside.
You know that scene from A Christmas Story when Ralph and Randy are in line to see Santa? They think the line really isn’t that bad so they saunter into it. Then they realize the line is three miles long. That was what it was like trying to buy a Christmas tree in Freeland today. Needless to say, I put it off, came home and baked these cookies.Read More
Hello!My name is Barbara and I love making comfort food. I love to ask questions about food and cooking and answer them with each post. I am dedicated to providing you with simple comfort food recipes that are damn delicious, sustainable, and sooth the soul. Come join me and hopefully we'll have a damn good time and learn a little from each other.

domain: food


Sing along to the Bug Gang Song.
We learn the names of the strings.
We play a game based on different strings.
Learning how to play rest strokes.
Learn the new song Green Caterpilars Eat Apples.
Perform the new song Green Caterpillars Eat Apples with Jake.
Using rest strokes to play individual strings.
Use rest strokes and strums to make your own melody.


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This suitcase floats on water even when I get inside! I'm off to Greenland in July and I'm busy getting a kayak prepared to be shipped out there.
Sunday, February 26, 2012
Friday, February 10, 2012
...and that is the whole problem! I am not a natural at downhill skiing but having had some lessons before this holiday, I felt that it would be rude not to give it a go. The thing I find really scary is when I'm overtaken by a herd of skiers doing light speed.
I have Kirstine to thank for some encouragement and moral support. Apart from practicing on the local slopes with free lifts, we managed to get to 'Signal', which is one of the higher lift stations with excellent views towards Mont Blanc. More importantly we managed to get back down again via some green and easy blue runs. Scary but fun at the same time.
Kirstine and I are on holiday in Courchevel. There is over a metre and a half of snow and the sun is shining. Over the last three days the conditions have been perfect for all kinds of skiing although with daytime temperatures rarely getting above -5 Celsius we have had to really wrap up.
We haven't seen much in the way of wildlife, I guess it's just too cold! But every morning we see small flocks of Alpine Choughs sunning themselves or huddled round warm chimneys.
Today have worked our way from Courchevel 1850 to Meribel Alitport. We then had a brief pic-nic lunch in the sunshine before heading back via a trail that took us to La Tania.
From there we took a short bus ride back to Courchevel 1650 where we are staying.

domain: geography


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In the realm of lawmaking, one term you’ll commonly hear is codification. To fully understand what this means and its significance, let’s delve into the concept.
What is Codification in Law Making?
In the context of codification law making, the term refers to the process of collecting, organizing, and consolidating a complete system of laws or rules into a structured and written form known as a ‘code.’ This arrangement of laws into a systematic collection is essential in ensuring clarity, uniformity, and accessibility.
Codification is not a new concept. It dates back to ancient civilizations where rulers aimed to create order and regularity in their societies by establishing a set of written laws. Today, codification remains a crucial aspect of lawmaking in both civil and common law jurisdictions.
The Importance of Codification
The primary advantage of codification lies in its ability to simplify and clarify the law. By consolidating all legislation on a specific subject matter into one accessible document, it makes the law more coherent and easily understandable. This, in turn, ensures that individuals, lawyers, and courts can easily comprehend and apply the law.
Codification also promotes uniformity and consistency in the law. By compiling all relevant laws into one code, it minimizes conflicts and discrepancies between different laws. This uniformity is especially helpful in areas of law where multiple laws and regulations apply, such as tax law or environmental law.
Furthermore, codification can help modernize and update the law. The process offers an opportunity to review and revise outdated laws, ensuring they reflect current societal values and needs.
In your journey to understand lawmaking, the concept of codification is a fundamental cornerstone. It enhances the transparency and accessibility of the law, contributing to a more just and equitable legal system. To explore other forms of lawmaking, you might find our articles on the basics of law making or legislation law making helpful.
The Process of Codification
Understanding the process of codification in law making is vital for any legal professional. This systematic and organized approach to law making involves several key steps, each contributing to the creation of a comprehensive and accessible legal code.
Step One: Collection of Laws
The process of codification begins with the collection of laws. This involves gathering all existing laws, statutes, regulations, and legal principles relevant to a particular legal area. For instance, if the goal is to codify criminal law, you would need to collect all criminal laws, including those found in statutes, court decisions, and even administrative regulations. This first step requires a thorough understanding of the legal landscape and a meticulous approach to ensure that no relevant law is overlooked.
Step Two: Analysis and Organization
After collecting the laws, the next step is analysis and organization. In this phase, you would need to critically review each law, identify their key principles, and organize them into categories or chapters based on their subject matter. This step helps to identify redundancies, contradictions, and gaps in the existing laws. It also aids in structuring the code in a way that is logical and easy to navigate, ensuring that related laws are grouped together for ease of reference.
Step Three: Drafting of the Code
The third step in the codification process is the drafting of the code. This involves translating the organized laws into a cohesive and comprehensive code. The draft code should be clear, precise, and easy to understand, avoiding legal jargon as much as possible. The aim is to create a legal code that is accessible not only to legal professionals but also to the general public. This step requires excellent drafting skills, a solid understanding of the laws involved, and a keen attention to detail to ensure that the essence of each law is accurately captured in the code.
Step Four: Validation and Implementation
The final step in the codification process is validation and implementation. The draft code is reviewed by legal experts and, in some cases, subjected to public consultation to ensure its accuracy and comprehensiveness. Any necessary revisions are made based on the feedback received. Once validated, the code is then implemented, replacing the existing laws in that area. The new code becomes the primary source of law, providing a single, authoritative reference for all legal matters related to that area.
The process of codification is a complex and time-consuming task that requires a high level of expertise and dedication. However, the end result – a coherent, accessible, and comprehensive legal code – is invaluable in promoting clarity, consistency, and fairness in the law.
For more information on different law-making processes, check out our articles on the basics of law making, ballot measure law making, decree law making, executive order law making, proclamation law making, legislation law making, regulation law making, repeal law making, treaty law making, statutory law making, and basic structure doctrine law making.
The Impact of Codification on Law Making
Codification significantly impacts the law-making process, from enhancing clarity to ensuring laws are easily accessible. Let’s delve into how codification influences law making.
Standardization and Clarity
Codification fosters standardization in legal systems. By gathering all existing laws on a particular subject into a single code, it provides a coherent and consistent framework. This standardization brings clarity, as it eliminates the ambiguity that can arise from scattered and unconsolidated laws.
Moreover, codification eliminates contradictory and outdated laws, ensuring that the legal principles in the code are harmonious and up-to-date. This clarity benefits everyone involved in the legal process, from lawmakers to law enforcers, and ultimately, to you, the citizen.
Accessibility and Ease of Reference
Codification enhances the accessibility of laws. By consolidating laws into a unified code, it becomes easier for you to locate and understand the laws applicable to a specific issue. This ease of reference is particularly useful for individuals without extensive legal training.
Furthermore, codification democratizes the law by making it more accessible to the public. This means that you, regardless of your background or profession, can better understand the laws that govern your life and rights.
For more on the basics of law making, you might want to read our article on the basics of law making.
Updating and Modernizing Laws
Codification plays a crucial role in the modernization of laws. The process of codifying laws often involves revising outdated provisions, adapting the law to changing societal norms, and integrating new legal principles.
This aspect of codification is particularly important in the rapidly evolving fields of law, such as technology and environmental law. Here, the laws need regular updates to keep pace with advancements and challenges in these areas.
In conclusion, codification, as a key aspect of codification law making, significantly impacts the legal landscape. It brings about standardization and clarity, enhances accessibility, and aids in updating and modernizing laws. Understanding this process can provide valuable insights into the law-making process and its implications for you.
Challenges in the Codification Process
While the process of codification in law making is essential for creating accessible, clear, and systematic laws, it is not without its challenges. The complexity of existing laws, the need for thoroughness and accuracy, and the time and resources required all pose significant hurdles in the process of codification.
The Complexity of Existing Laws
One of the primary challenges in the codification process is the complexity of existing laws. Laws are often intricate and interconnected, with numerous clauses, amendments, and interpretations. This complexity can make the collection and organization of laws a daunting task.
When you’re dealing with complex laws, you must ensure that the codified version retains the original intent and scope of the law. This can be especially challenging when dealing with laws that have been modified or interpreted in various ways over time. Understanding the full context of each law is crucial to ensure that the codified version is accurate and comprehensive.
The Need for Thoroughness and Accuracy
Another challenge in the codification process is the need for thoroughness and accuracy. When you’re codifying laws, it’s imperative to ensure that every law, clause, and amendment is accurately represented in the code.
Errors or omissions in the code can lead to legal disputes and confusion. Therefore, it’s crucial to review and revise the code multiple times to ensure its accuracy. This process requires a deep understanding of the laws and a meticulous attention to detail.
The Time and Resources Required
The codification process is also time-consuming and resource-intensive. It involves the collection, analysis, and organization of a vast amount of legal material. This requires significant time, expertise, and resources.
The drafting of the code is also a lengthy process that requires skilled legal experts. The validation and implementation of the code also require considerable time as it involves various legal procedures and approvals.
The time and resources required for the codification process can be a significant hurdle, especially for jurisdictions with limited resources. However, the benefits of codification, such as increased accessibility and clarity of laws, often outweigh these challenges.
Despite these challenges, the process of codification plays a vital role in the legal system. It helps to standardize laws, making them more accessible and easy to reference. By understanding the challenges involved in the codification process, you can better appreciate the effort and expertise required to create our legal codes. For more information on different types of law making processes, refer to our articles on legislation law making, decrees, and regulations.
Codification in Different Legal Systems
The method of codification law making varies across different legal systems. Let’s explore how codification takes place in civil law systems, common law systems, and mixed legal systems.
Codification in Civil Law Systems
In civil law systems, codification plays a critical role. This system is primarily based on written laws or codes, which are the primary source of law. The process of codification involves the systematic collection, examination, and consolidation of these laws into legal codes.
These legal codes, organized by subject matter, act as the primary reference point for understanding the applicable laws. The codification process in civil law systems is often exhaustive, aiming to cover the entirety of the law in a specific area.
For more on civil law systems and their process of law making, refer to the basics of law making.
Codification in Common Law Systems
In contrast, common law systems, which are largely based on judicial decisions and customs, do not heavily rely on codification. However, codification does occur in this system, often with the intention of simplifying and organizing the vast body of case law and statute law.
Codified laws in common law systems are typically less comprehensive than those in civil law systems. They may not cover the entire scope of the law in a particular area, leaving room for interpretation by the courts. This flexibility allows the law to adapt to changing societal norms and values.
For more insight into common law systems, refer to legislation law making.
Codification in Mixed Legal Systems
Mixed legal systems, as the name suggests, incorporate elements of both civil and common law systems. In these systems, codification can be even more complex due to the blend of written laws and judicial decisions.
The process of codification in mixed legal systems often involves harmonizing the statutory laws with judicial precedents. This is done to ensure that the law is cohesive and consistent, providing clear guidance for individuals and legal practitioners.
For a more comprehensive understanding of how mixed legal systems function, refer to basic structure doctrine law making.
It’s crucial to understand that while the processes may differ, the primary goal of codification remains the same across all legal systems: to organize and clarify the law, making it accessible and understandable for all.

domain: law


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This is my most recent makeup tutorial on YouTube.
You know, the one where you’ve been doing great for a couple of weeks and then all of a sudden life happens and you realize that maybe, just maybe you were in over your head and you weren’t cut out for this type of thing. Well now, I can tell you that I was wrong and that I really enjoyed siting in front of the camera and put on my makeup. I hope you guys enjoy this video and know that there is more to come.
*NYX Eyeshadow Base “Skin Tone” – http://goo.gl/dcLbil
*MAKEUP GEEK SHADOWS:
*Peach Smoothie – http://goo.gl/pGAIxO
*Crème Brulee – http://goo.gl/Qfbmcj
*Cocoa Bear – http://goo.gl/ODZqjp
*Mocha – http://goo.gl/qju7Dr
*Envy – http://goo.gl/OfkMuC
*White Lies – http://goo.gl/8IVdSm
*ES19 – https://goo.gl/oF62WC
*ES6 – https://goo.gl/rNyMJ6
*NYX Jumbo Eye Pencil “Black Bean” – http://goo.gl/D61Tlc
*Maybelline Eye Studio Lasting Drama Gel Eyeliner “Blackest Black” – http://goo.gl/PQEePJ
*Tre’stique Mini Matte Lip Crayon “Florence Fig” – https://goo.gl/viKsLI


Important phenomena during sliding contact of elastomeric materials are friction and wear. Wear reduction of elastomers can be achieved by minimizing the propagation of cracks in the elastomer during sliding contact. Adding fillers like silica and fibers is a way to reduce the propagation of cracks and as a result reduction of wear. In the present study, the wear processes of short-cut aramid fiber reinforced elastomers as a function of sliding distance and their relation to friction are investigated. Two different types of systems are considered, i.e. (1) elastomers reinforced by solely short-cut aramid fibers and (2) elastomers reinforced by short-cut aramid fibers and silica. A pin-on-disc tribometer and a microscope are used to analyze the friction and wear mechanisms of the elastomeric composites in sliding contact with a granite counter surface. The results show that the coefficient of friction of the composites consists of different stages, these stages are influenced by the wear processes during sliding. For elastomers which are reinforced by short-cut aramid fibers and silica, a higher energy input is needed to achieve all stages since the presence of silica in the elastomer matrix increases the resistance of matrix particle detachment. A general friction behavior of short-cut aramid fiber and silica reinforced elastomers is proposed.
- Short-cut aramid fiber
- 22/3 OA procedure


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Sterling Euro Exchange Rate Today : April 18th 2019 11.00 am
1 GBP = 1.1561 EUR
1 EUR = 0.865 GBP
As expected – Brexit is still causing a lot of volatility in the Sterling Euro exchange rate. Brexit has been extended – but that didn’t prevent the pound from drifting lower versus the euro last week. The pound euro exchange rate hit a high of €1.1622, before falling to €1.1550 on Friday, before closing at €1.1579. Yestarday , poor UK inflation figures caused Sterling to fall slightly again. With trading volumse lower over the Easter weekend, there could be sharp spikes should there be any developments with Brexit.
According to a recent Bank of England analysis, if the UK goes through a “disorderly” / no deal Brexit , Sterling could fall by 25% under a worst-case scenario. This could see the Pound fall to parity against the Euro.
With so much uncertainty in the currency markets at the moment – it could get quite stressful for people or businesses planning large Euro / Sterling exchanges in the next few months. We are in a period of high volatility which, depending on your timescales and budget, could cause problems if you are not properly prepared.
Using a Currency Exchange specialist can remove some of the uncertainty by allowing you to fix an exchange rate as much as 12 months in advance of your transfer. For good deals on currency exchange for large amounts – for personal money or for businesses – see our page on how to get the Best Exchange Rates
You might also be interested in this information about Transferring Money between Ireland and the UK
If you are just looking to buy some Sterling cash for a holiday – take a look at our page about the best place to buy Sterling in Ireland

domain: finance


North Dakota Fighting Hawks (6-8) at Oral Roberts Golden Eagles (5-11)
|Date & Time||Thursday January 3, 2019, 8:00 PM (EST)|
|Location||Unknown Location Unknown Address|
The Line: Oral Roberts Golden Eagles -2 -- Over/Under:
|TV Channel||Stream College Basketball all season on ESPN+ for only $4.99 a month. Sign up now!|
The North Dakota Fighting Hawks visit the Oral Roberts Golden Eagles in Summit League college basketball.
The North Dakota Fighting Hawks opened conference play with an 84-73 loss to visiting Purdue Fort Wayne as a 1.5 point home dog. North Dakota fell behind by 16 points at the break behind 38.8% shooting.
Aanen Moody was the Fighting Hawks top offensive threat with 21 points and six rebounds on 7-20 from the floor while Marlon Stewart adding 18 points and ten helpers on 6-14 accuracy and 4-6 at the line.
Kienan Walter gave North Dakota 14 points and eight rebounds on 5-7 marksmanship but no other player scored more than five points.
The Oral Roberts Golden Eagles have a rare opportunity for back to back wins after downing Nebraska Omaha 87-84 as an eight point home favorite on Sunday.
Emmanuel Nzekwesi led the 53.4% shooting Golden Eagles with a contest high 28 points and 14 rebounds on 12-19 marksmanship and 4-7 at the stripe followed by DJ Weaver with 21 points on 7-10 from beyond the arc.
Kevin Obanor gave Oral Roberts 19 points and eight boards on 6-8 from the field and 7-7 at the stripe with Sam Kearns adding eleven points and seven helpers.
Over is 18-7 in North Dakota last 25 road games and over is 7-3 in North Dakota last 10 Thursday games. Over is 15-5 in Oral Roberts last 20 home games and over is 43-20 in Oral Roberts last 63 overall.
It is a pick your poison scenario in my view but the Golden Eagle at home is the way I’m looking…


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Exempt Facility Revenue Bond Program
Request for Public Comment on Conduit Bond Fee IncreasesIBank is considering increasing the fees for Conduit Bond related transactions as shown in the fee schedule below. Please submit any public comment to email@example.com by close of business August 5, 2016.
Fariba Khoie, Bond Programs Manager
1325 J Street, 18th Floor, Sacramento, CA 95814
Mailing Address: P.O. Box 2830, Sacramento, CA 95812-2830
Telephone: (916) 341-6644
FAX: (916) 322-6314

domain: economics


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Z-M voters say no to bond referendum
The Zumbrota-Mazeppa School District residents have spoken, rejecting a $49.95 million bond referendum Tuesday, May 14, to help repair and improve the district's facilities by a vote of 1,159-983.
Superintendent Michael Harvey sent a message to the Republican-Eagle late Tuesday night, saying the vote has been decided.
The district hoped to use money to improve buildings in the district and for long-term facility maintenance planning.
A full story will be in the Republican-Eagle's weekend edition.

domain: news


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The National Police Commissariat announced today they are seeking to arrest Sam Rainsy and his accomplices based on the court’s order.
A spokesman of National Police Chhay Kim Khoeun said in a press release this Saturday that the National Police has received an arrest warrant for convicted Sam Rainsy and his accomplices who were charged in abstention.
“The National Police will take all appropriate measures and procedures in order to effectively enforce the court’s order to seek and arrest Sam Rainsy and his accomplices to be punished by law.”
The national police said that meanwhile, to strengthen and enhance the rule of law as well as maintain security and social public order, the national police appeals to the public, both national and international, to support the implementation of the task of the law enforcement force and do not fall into a trick of a small number of insurgents, who are inciting the people against the authorities as this is an act of social insecurity.
“Please immediately stop any attempt to prevent the execution of a court order, because any action to prevent the execution of a court order is an offense punishable by law,” the press release said that “the National Police hopes that the public, national and international will join to respect and implement the law of Cambodia.”
Credit: Khmer Times


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Originally Posted by jiveturkey
It just doesn't sound like a strong plan for deficit reduction.
Similar to Obama hoping that a stimulus package would keep unemployment below 8%.
Creating a broader, more stable tax base while eliminating loopholes that overcomplicate the tax code and favor those who can afford the best accountants/lawyers doesn't sound like a good plan for deficit reduction? I guess Obama's your guy, then.


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Understanding and communication are vital aspects of a happy and successful matrimony. This doesn’t imply tolerating problems; it simply means that both partners should make every effort to locate a resolution to their differences. Although it can be hard at times to hear your spouse-to-be’s complaints, understanding and conversation should be a life style in a healthful relationship. Having said that, there are actually certain traits that ought to at all times remain frequent in a romantic relationship.
One of the most successful romances share prevalent traits. They involve recurrent sex, lots of affection, and shared ideals. The most happy couples make the effort to listen and speak to one another. Relationships are not a fairytale – they take a lot of work and energy. While sharing your life with another person is a wonderful task, it also provides many incentives. Here are the traits of a powerful marriage.
Empathy: A productive relationship is normally one just where both lovers value the strongest and weakest points of each additional. It requires every partner to show their emotions verbally and empathize along with the other. This creates emotional intimacy and encourages each other to open up. Lastly, a successful relationship encourages find a mail order bride both lovers to share their very own vulnerabilities. It will not subject if a person spouse can be jealous or possessive – equally partners should be sensitive enough to listen to the other person.
Common Support: A prosperous marriage relies on shared support and esteem. By looking into making decisions jointly, both associates feel much less burdened and are closer. Furthermore, successful lovers respect each other peoples wishes and don’t let variances define their particular relationship. Because a couple stocks a common vision, the partnership is likely to blossom and be completely happy. It’s important to talk to your partner and discuss potential plans together with your partner. Consequently, you’ll build a stronger connection and a strong marriage.
Mutual Respect: Being able to respect one another is a vital element of a successful marriage. If you plus your spouse appreciate each other’s differences, despite arguments and distinctions, it will help you build a good family. When parents are well intentioned and mutually appreciative, their children will enjoy a home environment that is encouraging and nurturing. With mutual admiration and trust, it’s easy to develop a successful marriage.
Common Respect: Couples in a good marital life express actual esteem for each different. They come together as a team, reveal responsibilities, and boost each other’s morale. This helps them truly feel important and appreciated. The respect you show your spouse will ensure a long and completely happy relationship. Each of the http://bombayjewellersyc.com/the-right-way-to-be-a-good-asian-better-half/ of you can even end up being best friends. There is no doubt that a effective marriage isn’t really going to happen overnight.
Empathy: The ability to understand your partner’s emotions is another attribute of an successful marital relationship. Insightful couples are able to good sense their partners’ emotions, can definitely anger, sadness, or even anger. Through paying attention to each other’s emotions, they are able to converse more effectively. Closeness is essential for a healthy and balanced relationship. With out empathy, it is extremely easy to always be judgmental and hurtful.

domain: sociology


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Total FX or Fraxel Repair Done As a Series of 3 or 4 Treatments Rather Than One?
- Asked 4 years ago
If Total FX or Fraxel Repair were done 3 times or more for various aging issues (on face, neck and chest) over a period of months, would the results be cummulative, or can scarring develop if its done too many times? This is all assuming (obviously) that the treatment is tolerated well the first time.
My MD, (who works with burn victims at the VA hospital in Palo Alto and is an associate professor at Stanford and has a ton of experience with full Co2 and Total FX) states that if done conservatively, it can be done more than one time if desired. Any comments?
Do one treatment and wait at least six months
I have performed repeat Fraxel repair treatments but only after waiting approximately six months. The two primary reasons to wait include letting the skin heal and knowing that the collagen formation from the treatments continues for at least six months. So you don't really have a sense of the results from the treatment until about six months later.That being said, the results after the second treatments really look fantastic, perhaps because of the hybrid protocol we have developed over the past year.
Recent Fraxel Repair Reviews
Fraxel Repair Photos
These answers are for educational purposes and should not be relied upon as a substitute for medical advice you may receive from your physician. If you have a medical emergency, please call 911. These answers do not constitute or initiate a patient/doctor relationship.

domain: medical


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Zj Chrome recently released his album on itunes. On the album is a single called Exhercise featruing Vybz Kartel. For those of us who live under a rock Kartel has been imprisoned for two years now but producers keep on releasing songs that he did before he was imprisoned. People who are unaware keep saying that Kartel is recording songs from prison. Maybe he is, maybe he isn’t! Chrome is a popular disc jock. I interviewed him in 2009 for TEENage Observer .
Kartel also has a song with Cr2O3 records (Chrome’s record label) on the decibels rhythm called Georgina! I love that song (the clean version anyway). Who better to ask than Kartel himself if he is recording in prison. In the end though the answer wasn’t conclusive he still didn’t say an absolute no, Kartel is not recording songs in prison. It is still up to you whether or not you want to believe he is regording in prison.

domain: celebrity


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We took a long windy road from Split to Dubrovnik. The coastal towns and views were breathtaking. I think I took about 400 photos the way down! We reached Dubrovnik late at night and were greeted by Emica as we were staying at the Emi apartments. Our wedding planners had organised our accommodation which was fantastic as we were located right across our wedding venue and only a 3 minute walk to the Old Town. We quickly put our bags away and headed off to the Old Town to find a suitable restaurant for dinner. As it is not tourist season, we only had a few options available to us. We explored the steps and alleyways of the Old Town and stumbled across a restaurant which serves Michael’s favourite meal, ligne na zaru (grilled squid with potatoes and spinach). The meal was very tasty as it was my first time to experience this Croatian dish. Highly recommended!
As we left the comfort of being “home” we headed off on our Croatian adventure. 1st stop, Split! Split is part of the Dalmatian coast and is roughly the half-way point between Zagreb and Dubrovnik. We booked accommodation on Airbnb for an apartment in Split. The problem with airbnb is that the host has 24 hours to respond to you. As we requested the apartment the morning that we wanted to stay there, we were not guaranteed the apt.
We were off on our 3.5 hour car ride to split and took the A1 motorway. There were parts of the drive which were absolutely beautiful and other parts that were sooooooooooo boring! Haha. It felt like a long drive, however once we could see the city lights of Split our excitement grew! We headed towards the apartment that we booked for the night and quickly realised that we didn’t have the street number. We found a free WiFi that we could use on our phone and noticed that the host still had not responded to our apartment request. We were not able to get in contact with them so instead found a nearby hotel which was the Best Western and bargained for a good deal for the night. We managed to cancel our Airbnb request and booked into the Best Western. This was a probably a blessing in disguise as we had a large comfortable room, great shower and delicious breakfast. It was a bit more than we were going to pay, however these are obstacles that we will probably face frequently as we are looking for accommodation on the go.
We ventured from Slovenia to Croatia by car and had to pass through border checkpoints as we exited the EU and entered Croatia. This will all change when Croatia becomes part of the EU on July 1st, 2013.
Grice is a village where Michael’s Dad grew up. It is roughly 20 minutes from the border of Slovenia. We arrived at the family home on Wednesday, March 13th in time for Damir’s (Michael’s Cousins) birthday! Little did I know that I was going to meet 20 members of Michael’s family for Damir’s birthday celebration. I was welcomed with shots of rakija and visnja which quickly made me feel comfortable. Prior to arriving into Croatia I have been learning the language, however sitting around the table I quickly realised that I understood nothing! At least Michael could translate some of the conversation. It was apparent that his family is very close, enjoys a good laugh and a good drink. Celebrations continued into the night!
As we noted in our previous blog, Michael surprised me and took me to Lake Bled, Slovenia for our 2 year anniversary. It was absolutely stunning and he organised a room at B&B Carmen with a lakeside view. We arrived in the afternoon of the 12th of March and quickly fell in love with the beauty of the small town. There was a large calm lake with a Church situated on an island and a cliff-side castle. It was very cold which added to the beauty of the village.
We left at 9:30am for the long trek south towards Lake Bled in Slovenia. We began in heavy fog and the temperature dropped as low as 0c and would get up to 7c depending on how high in the mountains we went. What we weren’t expecting was the unbelievable scenery we encountered along this trip. Snow-capped mountains, castles on the edge of cliffs & long tunnels that lead right under a mountain were what we experienced and what made our trip take that much longer. We stopped numerous times to capture the beauty and even though we took many photos, we could not believe how beautiful the scenery is here.
Continue reading The Long Road ahead!!
We decided that it was time to visit Andechs, a very old Monastery of Bavaria dating back to the 10th century. Of course in Bavaria, no Monastery is complete without a brewery. We took advantage of this and indulged in pork knuckle, sauerkraut, potato salad and of course BIER! We were made aware of the fact that Bavarian bier has only 3 or 4 ingredients. This is pure bier which consists of water, hops, malt and wheat. We were also advised that in Bavaria, bier is considered a necessity in life and thus only gets taxed at 7%. Bier is in the same tax category as water, eggs and bread as it is a need for survival. This varies from other areas in Germany where any alcohol beverage is taxed at 19% as it is considered a luxury item.
It’s our 3rd day in Munich and we decided to venture out of the city a bit. Our lovely friend Kai (Munchen local) recommended that we go and see a nearby castle. It was only when he showed us an image of it on google that I realised we were about to see the Disney inspired castle called Neuschwanstein Castle!
We drove about 1.5 hours out of Munich in our new car and tested how fast we could go on the Autobahn. We reached speeds of 180km which was the fastest I have ever gone! It literally felt like a plane about to take off but for Kai, this was just part of everyday life.
After our long 28 hour journey, we finally arrived in cold but sunny Munich. Our friend Kai picked us up from the airport and we made our way through the cool streets of Munich to Berg Am Laim. We had one important task to do before we could explore Munich, and this was to pick up our car. The owner had an authentic house which included an outdoor sun room. So German!
We are on the plane about to take off! We are going from Sydney to Hong Kong to Finland to MUNICH! We will be flying for over 24 hours. Lets hope it goes smoothly!
With a 12 month trip planned and just getting engaged, life has been good! We held our Engagement Party at Waterview Function Centre in bicentennial park. Michael and I go running around that area so it is special to us.
We wanted our Engagement Party to be very personal and thus had both Hawaiian and Croatian elements to it. As our friends and family walked in to the venue, we “lei’d” them with an Aloha and Hawaiian music in the background. It was a memorable experience as I got to show a bit of where I am from. Throughout the night the DJ mixed up Hawaiian, Croatian and of course English music!


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USA Today Bestselling Author Alta Hensley snags a Top 100 in romance: westerns with Caring for Citrine: The Red Petticoat Saloon Series.
Caring For Citrine by Alta Hensley
That is how Della would describe herself, or did until she became a gem at The Red Petticoat Saloon. Still sickly, and still a whore, at least she wasn’t on her own any longer. She had become Citrine, one of Jewel’s gems, and she wore the name proudly.
It wasn’t until she became deathly ill that she realized just how much people truly cared about her. She had her friends at The Red Petticoat, and she soon had the care of the town doctor—Dr. Anson Norwood.
Dr. Norwood promises her that he will fix all that is wrong with his patient and treat her like the gem she truly is. But will the shadows of her past, as well as the ones of Anson Norwood, get in the way? Can she allow the good doctor to fully care for his Citrine?
About The Red Petticoat Series:
The Red Petticoat Saloon series is a collection of books written by #1 and USA Today bestselling authors. Each book tells the unique story of a different woman, ‘a gem’, who comes to the saloon to find a safe haven and discovers they become part of a family. Recurring characters appear in each book to allow readers a continuity as they learn about the women who have learned to bend but have not broken under the harshness that life has to offer. It is a series where strong, loving men find not only entertainment at the saloon but the special women who reside under its roof.

domain: literature


text:
Easter is a festival which attracts children and adults alike to celebrate joy and love with friends and family. Children are happy when they have an Easter egg hunt, but the fun is cut short when they get tired or disappointed due to some eggs which don't come out of the eggs. When this happens, they may become upset and angry as they feel that they haven't been able to find the specific eggs which they wanted. In this case, they don't have the satisfaction that they expected. That's why, it is important that you have an efficient Easter egg hunt plan to prevent your kids from getting frustrated and disappointed.
Easter party is a great event for families and you can make it more memorable and more enjoyable if you include an Easter egg hunt! The process of designing and planning printed eggs has been adopted by Christians as well and included on their Easter celebrations as well. Easter Egg Party is the best time of the year for preparing for Easter and to hunt eggs, it is necessary that you have these printed eggs at your disposal.
There are many ways in which you can celebrate Easter. One way in which you can do this is by having a party at home. If you have the kids with you, then you can have the party at your own home. However, this might prove to be a very expensive affair since you would need to buy eggs, paper, foil, banners etc. If the money is not too much, you can also invite your friends to your party and you can serve food at your party and the visitors can help themselves to Easter treats. It's up to you whether you want to hire someone else to organize this or you can also decide to do it yourself!
Easter Party Ideas involves decorating the venue with Easter eggs, placing up colorful decorations, writing messages on the eggs, playing games on the floor etc. Another popular party idea is to purchase eggs from a young child and then use stickers to decorate their room and then decorate it with stickers. You can also decorate the venue with posters of movie characters such as Toy Story, Cars, Iron Man, The Incredibles, etc and then put up posters of characters from those movies on the walls and on the table. This way, the kids at your party would feel like they are in an adventure film.
Another great party idea for Easter is to have a treasure hunt at your home. For this, you need to purchase some Easter eggs, color them and then store them in small Tupperware containers. Once the eggs are cleaned and ready to use, get some sticky black marker and write "Easter egg hunt" on the egg and cover with a piece of tape. Once you are done with your treasure hunt, you can decorate the baskets with chocolate eggs, candy bunnies etc. and then give them to the children.
Have you ever thought of a haunted house party? It would be a very good idea to have the children dress up as ghosts and skeletons and then have a contest for who can scare the most people. The winner gets an extra egg! The place cards can have a list of the things that will frighten each guest and once everyone is inside the haunted house, the scary noises will begin.

domain: entertainment


text:
Online Flight Reservation System
Online Flight Reservation System is a web application that helps the commuters to book flight ticket online. In order to book ticket, the commuter has to register himself by filling up the details. Once the user had registered himself he has to login in order to book the ticket. While booking the user has to select the type of airlines he will be travelling and he has to specify the place he is going to travel between. According to the type of airlines and place, the system will provide information regarding flight and venue which are available on the date specified by the Commuter. Commuter can view the reservation after booking the ticket. Commuter will be able to view the details related to his reservation. The System will provide notice related to flight to the passengers.
In Online Flight Reservation System the admin can view the reservation done by the passengers and can add notice that is related to flight.Online Flight Reservation System
Software Requirements: –
Front End: HTML5, CSS3, Bootstrap
Back End: PHP, MYSQL
Control End: Angular Java Script
XAMPP 8.1 – 64 bit
Android SDK – adt-bundle-windows-x86
IDE: Eclipse Mars
XAMPP 8.1 – 64 bit
- It is scripting language
- It is very code complexity
- There is server controls in asp
- It Doesn’t Support language interoperability
- User gets notice regarding flight which will help him during booking.
- User can select the type of airlines he wants to travel.
- User is able to know about the seating arrangements in User Interface.
User Registration: –
In this module user must register himself by filling up his personal details.
User has to login using his user-id and password which he had specified during registration. After login user will be redirected to booking module.
Admin Login: –
Admin has particular user-id and password through which he can login.
User can Book Flight ticket by specifying type of airlines he want to travel and he must specify the place and date when the user is going travel. The seating arrangement will be displayed in effective Graphical User Interface.
View Notice: –
System will provide the user with notice related to flights.
View Booking: –
User can view the details about the reservation.
View Transaction: –
Admin can view reservation done by the passengers.
Add Notice: –
Admin can add notice related to flight.

domain: travel


text:
5 edition of Thomas Telford"s Holyhead Road found in the catalog.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 127-134) and index.
|Statement||by Jamie Quartermaine, Barrie Trinder and Rick Turner ; with contributions by Jo Bell, Edward Holland, and Richard Newman.|
|Series||CBA research report ;, 135, Research report (Council for British Archaeology) ;, no. 135.|
|Contributions||Trinder, Barrie Stuart., Turner, R. C.|
|LC Classifications||HE363.G74 W3455 2003|
|The Physical Object|
|Pagination||xx, 182 p. :|
|Number of Pages||182|
|LC Control Number||2003446077|
The Inn at Capel Curig from Moel Siabod' near Betws-y-Coed, Snowdonia, North Wales. In the left foregroud a simple wooden plank bridge spans the Afon Lugwy. In the centre of the picture Thomas Telford's London to Holyhead road, the A5, winds through the valley. Lithograph c There is brilliance and beauty in Thomas Telford's work. With his revolutionary vision, Telford invented the modern road and created the backbone of our national road network, tying England, Scotland, Ireland and Wales together, resulting in his being dubbed 'The Colussus of Roads'.
The Menai Strait, or Afon Menai as it is known, is the channel that separates Anglesey from mainland Wales. It is connected to the mainland by Thomas Telford’s Menai Suspension bridge and Robert Stephenson’s Britannia Bridge. The Strait varies in width from about a couple hundered meters to three quarters of a mile. The. 7-day Wales road trip itinerary: explore the land of song. The main Ferry port of Holyhead is where most people travel to Ireland from, and it’s an iconic viewpoint defined by its lighthouse and ocean backdrop. This pretty town is like a step back in time and the Horseshoe Falls and Thomas Telfords Viaduct are a must do whilst you.
Completed — A Brief History For centuries, travel to Anglesey from the mainland was often hazardous. Ferries traversed the Menai Straits at various places, but the currents are tricky and numerous boats capsized or ran aground, often with loss of . Bethesda Gwynedd North Wales UK A5 road and old Turnpike Cottage on historic coaching route built by Thomas Telford Freidberg, Germany. 22nd July, A year-old woman accused of involuntary manslaughter looks down at the beginning of a trial involving a fatal accident on the A5 in the courtroom of the district court.
Manufacturing policy in the plastics industry
Results of examinations of water from the River Schuylkill
Half a century of chess
East Wind Storm
Uncle Jack, and other stories
Socialist Trade and Labour Alliance versus the Pure and Simple Trade Union
PATRIOT BANK CORP.
Festival of art
Foxes (A New True Book)
Fact sheets on the European Parliament and the activities of the EuropeanCommunity.
Buy Thomas Telford's Holyhead Road: The A5 in North Wales (Research Report Series) 1st Edition by Trinder, Barrie, Turner, Rick, Quartermaine, Jamie (ISBN: ) from Amazon's Book Store.
Everyday low prices and free delivery on eligible orders.5/5(1). Early 19th-century Britain's most famous road - the original trans-Britain highway built by the civil engineer Thomas Telford to improve communication between London and Dublin after the act of. Thomas Telford's Holyhead Road: The A5 in North Wales (CBA Research Report) [Jamie Quartermaine, Barrie Trinder, Mark Turner] on *FREE* shipping on qualifying offers.
The book presents the findings of a systematic archaeological survey of the 83 miles of road from Holyhead to ChirkCited by: 2. The section of the A5 between London and Shrewsbury is roughly contiguous with one of the principal Roman roads in Britain: that between Londinium and Deva, which diverges from the present-day A5 corridor at Wroxeter (Viroconium Cornoviorum) near Shrewsbury.
Telford's Holyhead Road. The Act of Unionwhich unified Great Britain and Ireland, gave rise to a need to improve communication Northwest end: Port of Holyhead, 53°18′23″N. Thomas Telford's Holyhead Road: The A5 in North Wales (Research Report Series) by Trinder, Barrie; Turner, Rick; Quartermaine, Jamie at - ISBN - ISBN - Council for British Archaeology - - Softcover.
Telford was also responsible for rebuilding sections of the London to Holyhead road. Much of his road is now Thomas Telfords Holyhead Road book of the A5.
Beyond Shrewsbury the work often meant building a highway from scratch. Other projects included work on the north Wales coast road between. Additional Physical Format: Online version: Quartermaine, Jamie.
Thomas Telford's Holyhead Road. York: Council for British Archaeology, (OCoLC) 27 February Price: £ Author: Ken Farrance ISBN number: 0 0 Not so much a walking guide, rather a route accompaniment. The route in question is the A5 road in North Wales between the Menai Bridge and Betws-y-Coed and this unusual title traces Telford's famous route via photos and text, dwelling on interesting buildings and constructions, signs and sights found at.
This is the grand house where engineer Thomas Telford dreamed up the innovative design for a church in Shropshire more than years ago. Thomas Telford FRS, FRSE (9 August – 2 September ) was a Scottish civil engineer, architect and stonemason, and road, bridge and canal builder.
After establishing himself as an engineer of road and canal projects in Shropshire, he designed numerous infrastructure projects in his native Scotland, as well as harbours and was his reputation as a prolific designer of. Find helpful customer reviews and review ratings for Thomas Telford's Holyhead Road: The A5 in North Wales (Research Report Series) at Read.
ENGINEER Thomas Telford's greatest achievement was the London to Holyhead road, which cuts through the heart of Snowdonia. Completed in. Thomas Telford's suspension bridge over Menai Straits, Wales, built View from Angelsea side. Original timber deck wrecked in storm, In chains renewed with high tensile steel.
Part of London/Holyhead road carrying mails between Dublin and London. Hand-coloured engraving. His improvements to Holyhead Road took place in stages between and Through North Wales it still follows the original line surveyed and.
With the building of the A5, Thomas Telford announced himself as one of the greatest engineers of his age. We chart the history of the road from a. Thomas Telford was born on 9 August near Westerkirk in Dumfries-shire, the posthumous son of a shepherd.
He spent his childhood supplementing the family's limited income by shepherding and left his parish school at the age of 14 to become an apprentice stonemason in Langholm. In he went to Edinburgh to work as a mason on the development of the New Town. Conwy Suspension Bridge: One of Thomas Telfords masterpieces - See traveler reviews, candid photos, and great deals for Conwy, UK, at Tripadvisor TripAdvisor reviews.
Telford’s road to Holyhead took six months. Passing the legislation for just the first two phases of HS2 will take about six years, if it’s passed at all. Telford also battled against his. Telford Tell the Tale of Telford Town. Telford, named after Thomas Telford the renowned civil engineer, Telford's gleaming buildings and hi tech businesses mark it out as a town for the future.
One of the UK's fastest growing and most successful new towns - it contrasts with its historic neighbour Ironbridge the birthplace of the Industrial Revolution. Details of T; Reference: T Title: The Telford Papers Description: This correspondence, which presumably represents only a small part of Telford's working papers, containing approx.
1, items plus another items fort the Edinburgh & Glasgow Union Canal and includes a number of groups relating to major projects with which Telford was involved, which are of considerable interest in. 9 Usual Suspects - Nosh and Natter 4 (GC6RJH1) was created by 9 Usual Suspects on 9/26/ It's a Other size geocache, with difficulty of 1, terrain of 1.
It's located in North Wales, United r evening Event at the Antelope Inn, Holyhead Road, Bangor LL57 2HZ between 7pm and 9pm or until the last person leaves.Thomas Telford's Holyhead Road: The A5 in North Wales Thomas Telford and Dunkeld Bridge In July Thomas Telford was requested by the Lords of the Treasury to make a survey of the interior of the Scottish Highlands the result of which he communicated in.
9 Usual Suspects - Nosh and Natter 12 (GC79FPP) was created by 9 Usual Suspects on 8/22/ It's a Other size geocache, with difficulty of 1, terrain of 1. It's located in North Wales, United and join us for another evening Event at the Antelope Inn, Holyhead Road, Bangor LL57 2HZ between 7pm and 9pm or until the last person leaves.


text:
Predicting Los Angeles Lakers' Opening Night Starting Lineup for 2013-14 Season
Chances are, the Los Angeles Lakers will need some time to sort out their starting lineup before they take to the Staples Center court against the rival Los Angeles Clippers on the NBA's opening night.
At a few spots, anyway. Steve Nash and Pau Gasol have all but sewn up their respective spots in Mike D'Antoni's "Fave Five," assuming the injury bug doesn't intervene once again.
But with Metta World Peace gone, Gasol sliding over to center and Kobe Bryant still working his way back from a torn Achilles, the Lakers have three spots that, at this point, are up for grabs—and no shortage of faces, old and new, to do the reaching.
The coaching staff may not be ready, willing or able to streamline the competition for those jobs just yet. On the other hand, we here at Bleacher Report aren't afraid to take a crack at it. Click on to see who we think will be the first to don the purple and gold during the 2013-14 regular season.
Point Guard: Steve Nash
Surprise, surprise: Steve Nash is slated to start at point guard for the Lakers this season.
Assuming, of course, that injuries don't intervene to the extent they did last season. Nash missed a career-worst 32 games during the 2012-13 regular season on account of a leg injury suffered during a game against the Portland Trail Blazers on Halloween.
The offense to which Nash returned hardly resembled the one he'd stewarded for Mike D'Antoni during their days together with the Phoenix Suns. Rather than pushing the pace with athletic wings, spreading the floor with three-point shooters and running the pick-and-roll with mobile bigs, Nash was often relegated to working off the ball while Kobe Bryant orchestrated the offense as he saw fit, with Dwight Howard and Pau Gasol venturing into the post.
Kobe's absence and Dwight's departure should clear things up a bit for Nash. So, too, should the Lakers' new stock of swingmen—which now includes youthful gunners like Nick Young, Wesley Johnson and Xavier Henry—allow Nash to reboot some of that old "Seven Seconds or Less" magic, especially with the rest of the team enjoying the benefit of a full training camp under Mike D'Antoni.
Shooting Guard: Steve Blake
At first glance, Steve Blake would seem an odd choice to start at shooting guard until Kobe Bryant gets back, unless you're drawn to the notion of an All-Steve starting backcourt. At 6'3" and approximately 172 pounds, Blake is much closer to a point guard than a shooting guard as far as size is concerned.
That could be problematic for the Lakers, who struggled defensively last season, especially when it came to handling penetration from the perimeter. At 33, Blake lacks the youth and athleticism to keep up with a number of backcourt foes. And, after missing 37 games due to injury last season, Blake is no lock to stay healthy enough to play every day, much less in a starter's capacity.
With that being said, Blake brings plenty of positives to the table that should serve him well in Kobe's stead.
First and foremost, he's a solid standstill shooter who should work well off the ball with Nash. He was the Lakers' second-sharpest marksman behind only Nash, converting his three-point attempts at a 42.1 percent clip—the third-best mark of his career. Having Nash and Blake on the floor at the same time should work wonders for the Lakers' spacing in D'Antoni's spread pick-and-roll system.
On the other end of the floor, what Blake lacks in physical ability, he makes up for with his basketball IQ. According to NBA.com, the Lakers actually gave up fewer points per 100 possessions when Blake was on the court.
None of this is to suggest that Blake is the perfect fit, but for a stopgap solution, he should fare well enough until Kobe comes back. And, according to Marc J. Spears of Yahoo! Sports, Blake is currently the front-runner to be just that.
Small Forward: Nick Young
With Kobe out indefinitely, the Lakers will need a willing shooter to get buckets and keep D'Antoni's offense humming.
Enter Nick Young. The L.A. native and Reseda Cleveland High School alum is far and away the most prolific perimeter scorer of those brought in by the Lakers during the offseason. He averaged a career-high 17.4 points per game in 2010-11, when he made 40 starts in 64 games for the Washington Wizards.
Like the Mamba, Swaggy P isn't one to shy away from shots, especially bad ones. Say what you will about Young's suspect selection (and career field-goal percentage of .427), but the guy's not afraid to take (and make) the bad shots that will inevitably result from slow-developing possessions from time to time. To his credit, Young posted a more-than-passable effective field-goal percentage—which accounts for the added value of three-point shots—of .546 on shots taken with three seconds or fewer left on the clock last season, per 82games.com.
Someone has to take those shots, and until Kobe gets back, Young's as well-equipped as anyone on the Lakers' roster to do just that.
Power Forward: Jordan Hill
According to Dave McMenamin of ESPNLosAngeles.com, the race for the starting job at power forward in L.A. is currently up for grabs, with five competitors (Jordan Hill, Chris Kaman, Shawne Williams, Wesley Johnson and Ryan Kelly) in the hunt. But while D'Antoni might not be ready to eliminate anyone from the competition just yet, it's not all that difficult to picture how it will probably play out.
Johnson is far closer to a wing than he is to a power forward, especially on the defensive end, where his 6'7", 205-pound frame would have a heap of trouble handling bruising bigs.
Neither Williams nor Kelly were in the league last year; Williams was in China while Kelly was still in college at Duke. Williams would seem the better bet to play between these two, given his experience playing for D'Antoni in New York and Kelly's ongoing recovery from a broken foot.
That likely leaves the race with two "horses," Kaman and Hill. Kaman has the mid-range game to hang as a power forward in D'Antoni's offense but is a much more natural fit at center. If there's anything we learned about Mike D. from his handling of Pau Gasol last season, it's that he's not too keen to play two towers together, even less so if it means slotting one of them out of position.
Hill, then, would seem the best fit of the bench, as much by process of elimination as by his own skill set. His energy, athleticism and toughness on defense and the boards is exactly what a starting five full of shooters and finesse players needs. Hill's also been hard at work sharpening his mid-range jumper, and, with his experience playing for D'Antoni in New York and L.A., should have a leg up over Kaman in the head coach's eyes.
Center: Pau Gasol
If there's any reason to be upbeat about the Lakers' early-season prospects, it's that they're already set at the two most important positions in basketball: point guard and center.
Or should be, anyway. Pau Gasol's fitness for the gig, from a health perspective, remains a major questions for this Lakers squad. The sinewy Spaniard missed a career-worst 33 games last season due to nagging knee and foot problems and is still recovering from offseason procedures meant to ease the pressure on said knees.
On the bright side, Gasol is fully participating in practice and hopes to be ready to play in the Lakers' first preseason game on October 5, per team reporter Mike Trudell. That's great news for Lakers fans, who should already expect Gasol to be plenty motivated to bounce back in a big way from his disappointing 2012-13 campaign. Between his impending free agency and a more comfortable (and more prominent) role in the offense, Gasol's productivity should return to a level more closely resembling the one he once inhabited as a four-time All-Star.
It'll help, too, that he won't have a Dwight Howard or an Andrew Bynum to appease in the middle.
Indeed, for the first time since his initial half-season in L.A., Gasol will have the Lakers' center spot all to himself.
Who do you think should start for the Lakers? Hit me with your thoughts on Twitter!

domain: sports


Split Pressure Solar Water Heater (MC-SP)
1.Vacuum tube: Vacuum tube with copper heat pipe
2.Inner tank: SUS304-2B Food Class Stainless Steel, by Argon arc.Thickness 1.5±0.25mm
3.Outer tank: Galvanized Steel, Thickness 0.5±0.25mm.
4.Bracket: Aluminum Alloy, Thickness Main Frame1.8-2.0±0.25mm.
5.Tank insulation: Polyurethane
6.Working Station: German WILO, 8L
7.Copper Heat Pipe: Heat pipe Copper, 0.6mm thickness, and 140mm condenser.Anti-freezing function.
8.Insulation Thickness: 50mm
9.Hail Resistance: 30mm.
10.Working Pressure: Normal working pressure is 6 bar, and testing pressure is 12 bar.
11.Accessories: Electrical Heating, Safety Valve, Magnesium Bar, Temperature Sensor, Controller, Electrical Elements.
12.Packing: In Standard Exported Carton
1.Pipeline is made of all red copper and conducted by heat transfer medium liquid.
2.Temperature preservation is equipped with standard electric water heater setting, automatic temperature control exchanger, and increase anode magnesium bars sticking to prevent furring.
3.The insulating layer uses polyurethane bulk and has a good effect of temperature preservation.
4.Stable and reliable performance.
5.Fashionable and beautiful.
6.Environmental protection and energy saving.