Major US cities will be under serious threat of Godzilla hurricanes, as wild weather patterns move closer to the northeastern coast of America.
New research has found cities on the northeastern coast of the United States will be struck with powerful weather events more often.
For the past several hundred years, crazy weather patterns that cause hurricanes have been moving away from the western Caribbean, towards the northwestern coast of America.
According to researchers at Durham University in the UK and the University of New Mexico, New York City, Boston, Philadelphia and Portland could all be in the firing line in the future and cities need to prepare for potential devastating hurricanes.
About 10.8 million people live in the cities combined, meaning tragedy could strike at the new hurricane hot spots.
The researchers found the number of hurricanes occurring in the Caribbean island of Belize, had decreased significantly over time.
The researchers compared those findings with hurricane records from Bermuda, an island territory in the North Atlantic Ocean, and Florida, on the southeastern coast of America.
That showed that Cape Verde hurricanes lurking around the Caribbean, had shifted up north.
The hurricane's new track is a result of increased carbon dioxide emissions.
The rising emissions have expanded the Hadley cell, a pattern of circulated air in the Earth's tropical belt, which has pushed the hurricane's track further north, taking it away from the Caribbean and towards places like New York City.
If carbon emissions keep increasing, hurricanes will keep heading upwards, increasing the threat to the cities on the northeast coast of America.
The study's lead author, Lisa Baldini, from Durham University's department of geology, said since the 19th Century, the shift in the hurricane track was due to man-made emissions.
"If these emissions continue as expected this will result in more frequent and powerful storms affecting the financial and population centres of the northeastern United States," she told Durham University.
"Given the devastation caused by Hurricane Sandy, it is important that plans are put in place to protect against the effects of similarly destructive storms which could potentially occur more in the future."
Hurricane Sandy was a deadly hurricane that made landfall in Cuba in 2012 and became the largest Atlantic hurricane on record.
It killed 233 people as it travelled across eight different countries.
Hurricane Sandy, which also left a trail of destruction in New York, developed in the Western Caribbean Sea and moved slowly northward as it intensified.
While hurricanes are moving away from the Caribbean and towards the northeastern coast, it doesn't mean the Caribbean will be completely free of the powerful weather event.
The study's co-author, James Baldini from Durham University's department of earth sciences, told the university it was still likely the Caribbean would be hit in the future.
"Although hurricane tracks have gradually moved northwards away from the western Caribbean, rising sea surface temperatures could promote the development of cyclonic storms within the western Caribbean," he said.
"Consequently tropical cyclone activity across the western Caribbean may remain essentially stable over the current century.
"However, increased sea surface temperatures also provide extra energy, potentially fuelling larger storms along the northeast coast of the United States and stronger storms impacting the Caribbean."


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Anzula Hand Dyed Dreamy Yarn
Anzual Hand Dyed Dreamy Yarn
Gifted by Anzula
Reviewed by Audrey Huggett
I knew that the yarn from Anzula was something special as soon as I picked it up. Wonderfully soft and visibly beautiful, each skein of Anzula yarn seems infused with a feeling of intense care and craftsmanship. In a way, each skein is special. Anzula’s specialty is hand dyed luxury fibers; it’s evident that each dye lot is crafted to result in the best yarn possible.
Now, I’m sure you all know that when it comes to yarn, I’m easy to please. I really only look for two things in a skein of yarn: All I ask for is beautiful, vibrant colors and good fiber quality. Sounds easy right? Not so, if my experience at a yarn store is any indication. The yarns from Anzula, though, meet all of my criteria with ease.
It helps that Anzula starts with excellent fibers. From wool to cashmere, the fibers used in Anzula yarns are top of the line. Knitting with Anzula yarns is super fun. When I made a swatch with my sample skein, the resulting cloth was gorgeous. The yarn has great stitch definition, and knits up into a wonderfully soft product. I can’t wait to pick out a project for my skein. I love that these yarns are hand dyed. The colors that show up in the yarn are remarkable, with the slightest hint of variegation in the yarn, which knits up into a gorgeous visual texture. You could make some really lovely projects out of Anzula yarn; if my swatch is any indicator, the Anzula’s Dreamy yarn would make a great shawl, hat, scarf, or pair of knit fingerless gloves.
Read NextShiny + Soft Main Street Yarn

domain: artistic


text:
TheGivingTrump.com – The List of Trumps Charity
— Top 10 Worst Attacks On Trump Supporters —
Attacks On Trump Supporters
< Attacks On Trump Supporters home
Category: "Threats by Hollywood"
Director Judd Apatow Supports Far-Left Berkeley Riot, Warns ‘This is Just the Beginning’
Bill Maher jokes that if the race remains close someone is going to have to go out there…why do you think they let Hinkley out?
Madonna Confesses That She’s Been Thinking About “Blowing up the White House.”
Grammy Winner, Chris Brown, Urges Black Mobs to Provoke Trump Voters
Rapper Joey Bada$$ Pushes Donald Trump Impersonator Off Stage
< Newer Entries

domain: politics


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I was looking in my pantry to see what I could find to make for dinner. I needed quick, simple, and crockpot friendly :) So I came up with my Ranch mushroom chicken. The verdict... 5 stars!
You will need:
Boneless skinless chicken breast.
1can cream of mushroom soup
1can cream of chicken soup
I placed the frozen (yep, frozen) chicken breast in the crock pot. I topped the frozen chicken with ranch dressing. I just poured it over the top, I didn't measure. next I liked the cream of mushroom & cream of chicken soup together and added about 1/2 cup of milk just to thin it a little. Mixed well and poured it over the top of the chicken. I added some salt and pepper and turned on low for 6 hours.
I served mine over bowtie pasta from my pasta stockpile but you could use mashed potatoes or even rice. It was super easy & pretty tasty! Enjoy :)

domain: food


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Meet Captain Mike Haynes
Captain Mike Haynes of Fishbonz Charters
Are you up for an adventure? Set off on a phenomenal fishing excursion with Fishbonz Charters which offers first-rate guided service. Count on Captain Mike Haynes' expert hands to give you a trip to remember. Being a native Floridian, Mike has fished from the keys to the panhandle and has all the tricks up his sleeves that will definitely help you land a catch of a lifetime!
Traverse the waters aboard the 19’ Hewes flats boat that has plenty of room for up to 3 guests fishing at the same time. This vessel ensures a safe and smooth ride on the waters.
Crystal River and Homosassa have a great variety of fish to choose from throughout the year including Snook, Redfish, Trout, Tarpon and many others. Crystal River is a unique fishery and Captain Mike enjoys sharing his 40 plus years of knowledge and the joy of fishing with his clients, so they have a memorable experience. There will be plenty of wonderful stories to tell when you get home and you will not come home empty-handed!
It doesn't matter whether you're fishing for the first time or you're a seasoned angler, Fishbonz Charter works an extra mile just to give you a day that you will always cherish. Children of all ages are also more than welcome to climb aboard! Don't forget to bring some food and beverages to keep you energized throughout your journey!
Reward yourself with a delicious catch on the finest fishing grounds in Florida and let Fishbonz Charters guide you to success!
Soonest Trip Availability
My Upcoming Availability
Select a Date
Fishbonz Charters LLC Available Trips
Expertise & Attributes
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Gear & Equipment
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domain: travel


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College of Arts & Social Sciences students Brody Warren and Trudy McIntosh ventured into the mysterious North Korea last year to discover the people behind the nuclear weapons and the anti-Western rhetoric. Below is their fascinating account of their travels and insights gleaned from their visit.
In early September, lamenting the inspiring choice between Mr Abbott and Mr Rudd, we decided to forgo the sheer excitement that is the Australian election and head to the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK). While North Korea may not be on everyone's bucket list, it was opportunity we just couldn't pass up.
From the moment we touched down in Pyongyang, the first day nerves started to show. We were excruciatingly conscious of toeing the line, and tried to steer clear of (what we thought might be) taboo topics, not even sure if we could call it 'North' Korea without causing offence.
Visiting the de-militarised zone (DMZ) the next morning, we were still very much on edge. The take-home message was just how much the 'US imperialists' are hated, with every mention accompanied by a litany of critical adjectives.
Travelling on a strictly monitored tour, we surrendered to the uncontrollable nature of our 'party-approved' schedule. We were taken to cooperative farms, a factory, universities and schools, all of which contained 'museums', which depicted how many times the Great Leader visited - what he looked at, what he touched, how he "solved all the problems" and "praised the model exploits of the workers". We left feeling like we had just visited a more elaborate, real-life version of the kimjongillookingatthings tumblr.
For a country which outwardly shuns the rest of the world, the DPRK has derived considerable inspiration from Western architecture. Forget the Arc de Triomphe - Pyongyang has the Arch of Triumph, which just happens to be 10 metres taller than its French counterpart. In a similar vein, the Tower of Juche Idea bears remarkable resemblance to the Washington Monument and is conveniently one metre taller.
Not to be outdone are the striking bronze statutes of the eternal President Kim Il-Sung and General Kim Jong-Il, which featured in almost every city we visited.
Pyongyang's skyscrapers, imposing monuments and wide boulevards give a deceiving impression of the DPRK. Peel back the façade, and it becomes clear that these edifices are dilapidated and in disrepair, with most construction occurring largely in the prosperous 1950s and 1960s.
The highlight of the trip was incontrovertibly the Arirang Mass Games. Held in the world's largest capacity stadium (think Quidditch World Cup), the games are an artistic and gymnastic performance of epic proportions. With over 100,000 people participating in the performance (20,000 of which are the children with flipbooks forming the pixelated backdrop), it is an awe-inspiring experience that puts any Olympic opening or closing ceremony to shame.
Some may question the ethics of our tourist dollars propping up a state with such a poor human rights record, yet to an extent this was countered by the mutual respect and understanding gained. With our guides we discussed everything from food to politics to career aspirations - their familiarity with the West was surprising, stretching even to Westlife and the Sound of Music. Although our interactions were limited largely to our three guides, we hope that increased tourism may one day help facilitate the opening-up of the North Korean regime.
Both of us ventured to the DPRK with a curiosity and a desire to gain a greater appreciation of their perspective, and discovered there is so much more to North Korea than nuclear weapons. In future, we hope see policy decisions informed by a more accurate depiction of the DPRK, rather than fuelled by a caricature of a nuclear weapon-wielding, cult-of-personality dictatorship.
This is an excerpt of an article originally published in Woroni.


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This apartment is recommended to everybody ! What a great apartment,so close to all attractions.It is in a really good location,in the centre of the downtown-close to everything!
The apartment is eve… More
18 Jan 2014
We have just returned from a great trip to Hong Kong.The trip was made even more special due our stay at this apartment.I chose this condo based on all of the glowing and positive reviews I read.Every… More
16 Jan 2014
"Cozy , Convenient , Affordable"
We are a family of 5 with teenage kids that stayed a week in this flat.The location is brilliant ; close to everything you will need including transport.Causeway bay station is a 3min stroll away.Our … More
My family of 7 came to Hong Kong for a wedding. I have to admit, as a Hotel insider, I was skeptical. The owner (Tina), was incredibly responsive every step of the rental process. Once we arrived, her… More
We stayed in this apartment with our 4 young children (10, 12, 14 and 15 years old) and had a great week in Hong Kong. We appreciate it a lot to be able to check in quite early since Tina managed to k… More
3 Dec 2015
This apartment is in the perfect location, it's an easy walk to the night and ladies markets. Just half a block to the Welcome supermarket, around the corner to the Yau Mai Te train station, and 7 ele… More
Thank you very much for your wonderful feedback - we only can improve our services based on our guests wishes and thoughts.
You are right - location is amazing, the interior of the apartment is outstanding and I can easily share your opinion regarding the limited space of the apartment. I am from a country where space is available... almost unlimited - like in your country, Australia. It was not easy for me to cope with the seize of Hong Kong apartments but I had to learn that space is very limited and extremely pricey. Many families with 2 generations (small Asian people - please consider that difference as well!) live on 800 sqft (which is normal!)n and finding a 4 bed apartment with 3bathrooms directly on Nathan Road is like a miracle! There are some locations like New Territories or Discovery Bay where houses are larger but you have to spend time in the MTR which makes it rather inconvenient, especially when you visit HK for 2-3 days only.
You will find Hotel rooms for 1500 HKD p/n but they do not even offer 150 sqft and most of them do not even have windows. You instead enjoyed an amazing Sea View and an outdoor space!
We do offer a large vacation apartment with harbour view (1600 sqft NET) but due to the given budget our TickTock apartment was the best available choice.
All mattresses are memory foam mattresses - most of our guests are amazed by the huge comfort but I am grateful for your comment as I will consider to find a strong topper to make it less soft.
I would be glad to welcome you another time as my guest and I will keep in mind to offer our large harbour view apartment for a special rate!
Booked this apartment 3 months prior to travelling. 3 days prior to arrival, owner offered to upgrade to:
4 Sep 2015
"Lovely Hong Kong Stay"
My husband and I and 6 friends stayed in this apartment Oasis88 for 6 nights. The owner was gracious and helpful, we all appreciated her communication and services very much, although we did not meet … More
24 May 2015
"Stay in Causeway Bay"
I just returned from a 6 day stay in Hong Kong and booked the Oasis Rental in Causeway Bay. I was traveling with my wife, 2 y/o son and another married couple and their 3 y/o son. I was a little lea… More
Clean and comfortable, providing room to spread out and relax after an exciting day. Matt maintains a welcoming home environment for visitors that isn't full of knick knacks and things that get in you… More
The apartment is cozy and really comfortable, and the owners are helpful and lovely people! They answer all our question from several months before and they also booked a taxi to pick my parents up fr… More
Thank you very much and welcome back anytime!
26 May 2015
"Great Beijing sanctuary"
Fabulous stay. Lovely appartment. Hosts were very helpful - lots of tips to make our Beijing stay great. Helped us sort out a trip to the wall. Brilliant. Thank you. … More
6 Mar 2015
"Beautiful place to stay in Beijing"
Near a subway station in downtown Beijing, this apartment it is worth every penny. The kitchen is full equiped, the bathroom has a shower with hot water, it is very clean. You live among local chinese… More
Suitable for children age 5+; Air conditioning; Some pets are welcome - please contact the owner;
Located in the Center of Shanghai, in a beautiful and cozy, recently renovated apartment. Every street corner hides some secrets which are just waiting to be discovered by you! Located in the heart of the downtown shanghai, right in the middle of people square. …see more
28 Dec 2014
"Excellent location, wonderful host (owner)"
The location was good and central, with 人民广场 metro a convenient 10mins walk away (with children in tow). The apartment was well furnished, neat and cozy with heating throughout. An added bon… More
4 Sep 2014
"Outstanding! great location"
The apartment is very cozy everything you need you can find there. Plus the location which is perfect and very convenient! Our host Jessica was so helpful organizing a trip for us, booking the driver… More
1 Sep 2014
The location is perfect, just beside metro station and most of the attractions are within walking distance. The apartment is huge equipped with all what you need. Jessica is a wonderful host, she was … More
Chloe's apartment was perfect for my husband, mother and my kids. It had everything we needed for our stay, including a fully equipped kitchen, a great hot water shower, and washing/dryer machine to d… More
20 Jan 2015
"Clean, convenient, and a great owner!"
This apartment is very clean, which is what we were looking for as we travel with 4 young kids. It is newly and tastefully renovated. Kitchen is well equipped. It can comfortably accommodate 6 of us, … More
19 Jul 2014
"Great location, great apartment"
We stayed at Chloe's apartment for 12 nights and it was perfect! 4 adults, close to where we needed to be and very easy to get taxis and MTR from the apartment. Chloe was a great host. Recommend it an… More
Beautiful and brand new apartment. We only had to walk everywhere since apartment is in the best location. Our friends from Hong Kong could not believe the location we stayed in.
The hosts were very… More
1 Oct 2015
"Home Away From Home"
From the moment we arrived at the airport, we experienced rolls royce service. There was complimentary pick-up at airport and we were driven directly to the apartment where we were greeted by the gues… More
22 Jan 2016
"Spacious and clean!"
Our stay at the apartment Oasis88 was fantastic and we will keep an excellent memory.
Alex answered my messages very swiftly and was helpful in providing transport from and to the airport. There was … More
"A cosy, comfortable, well equipped and well located apartment"
I had the pleasure of staying in Lady CC's apartment for ten nights in February 2015.
The communication and information provided before I arrived was speedy, helpful and informative. The only hicc… More
13 Apr 2015
"Perfect! Brilliant location and facilities"
This was the first time I had booked an apartment via TripAdvisor and the experience was smooth and easy. The apartment was everything we had hoped, a great location in all directions for walking or … More
12 Nov 2014
"Great place - would recommend"
Our family of 4 (13 and 16 year old teens) stayed here and couldn't be happier. Very clean and just as expected as per pictures on tripadvisor. Nicely decorated and comfortable. Perfect for us as my … More
This was a great base for exploring Hong Kong. It's in a quiet location in Causeway Bay, with good restaurants nearby.
The flat itself is spotlessly clean with everything you need for a great stay.
4 Jan 2016
"Very good location near to the eateries, malls & the Causeway Bay MTR station"
This was our 2nd trip to Hong Kong. We stayed in a hotel in Mongkok area during the 1st trip last year and considered the option of staying in a holiday rental apartment during our recent 2nd trip to … More
20 Oct 2015
"Compact but everything you need"
Great location. Very clean well equipped apartment. Very close to bars / restaurants and an easy walk to MTR station. Kitchen had everything you need if you want to cook, we only had breakfast there. … More
Great for children of all ages ; Air conditioning; No pets allowed;
Newly designed apartment with 2 bedrooms, attached 12 square meter Balcony with Chairs and Table for coffee and Tea. …see more
20 Aug 2014
"Cosy, well presented and maintained 2 bedroom apartment"
Well done on the presentation of the apartment and its contents and the deck was much appreciated too! We really appreciated the regular communication from the owner and solid instructions as to what… More
14 Jul 2014
"Comfortable, central and cosy"
Three adults enjoyed our 10 days in this comfortable apartment. Furnished with tasteful nic naks we could not fault the place. The hosts were very helpful prior to us arriving in Hong Kong and then a… More
12 Jan 2014
"Great location on Hong Kong Island; small but comfortable and everything provided"
A small but well appointed apartment in a convenient location on Hong Kong Island. We were able to walk to all transport and to the main shopping areas. There was a supermarket across the road and gre… More
Great for children of all ages ; Some pets are welcome - please contact the owner;
This beautiful 2 bedrooms，100m2, apartment is located in the heart of the French Concession.
Within easy access of the city's best parks, cafes, restaurants and bars, the perfect base from which wants to visit Shanghai. …see more
Nearest beach 5 km; Great for children of all ages ; Car not necessary;
This lovely 2 bedroom fully furnished apartment is located just 300 meters from the Causeway Bay MTR Station's Exit C .Within these same 300 meters are the Times Square.And just 180 meters are the A11 airport bus stop , the tram stop and Supermarket . Sogo,Star Ferry Pi …see more
26 May 2013
Good location and very clean apartment.
Carmen was a wonderful and extremely friendly host!!
We had a great 2 weeks stay.… More
23 May 2013
Good location. Easy access to resto, grocery and mtr. Value for money.… More
15 May 2013
"Great Location, helpful host and pleasant apartment"
Love the fact that this is walking distance from the Causeway Bay MTR. There are many eateries within walking distance and you will not go hungry! The host, Carmen would send you many tips and guideli… More
We were visiting our son in Hong Kong and required an apartment with enough room to sleep 7 people over the Christmas Period. We were attracted to this apartment due to its 3 bed rooms and spacious li… More
10 Jan 2015
"Great location and very clean"
We loved the location of the apartment. You get a real feel of Hong Kong. The Pick-up & check-in was well-organised and the apartment was very clean. I would have given it a "very good" if the beds ha… More
Thank you very much for your amazing feedback about out hospitality, services and location. I appreciate your time and the effort to share your experience with other interested guests from all over the world.
Of course I am not too happy that we did not know that you needed a special mattress related to your problems with your back. We do have a layer to switch the mattress to a less soft feeling and it would have been a pleasuer to bring it to the apartment.
We decided for full memory foam mattresses as the luxury feeling and comfort to relax is immense. Even sports professionals love the mattresses and its one of the reason why these guests are returning guests.
Such a pity to know that you felt cold. We do have heaters and additional thick winter blankets which are provided in the drawers and the cupboard in one of the bedrooms.
Via is always available on short notice to assist our guests with whatever is needed.
For all our future guests - please use the telephone number in the apartment to reach out for our staff - whenever necessary.
A negative review online is unfortunately irritating and our only aim is to make our guests happy.
You should feel at home far away from home.
Thank you again for having been a wonderful guest.
My family had a blast and enjoyed our vacation. I highly recommend staying at this rental especially for a family. The place was very ideal for my family of 12, with all the amenities available for ou… More
21 Jan 2014
"Quick Stay in Hong Kong with Family"
We booked this apartment due to the 3 bedrooms and its closeness to Disneyland. The apartment suited our needs as we were having a short stay in Hong Kong. Discovery Bay is a great place to stay its f… More
7 Mar 2015
"Good Stay in Discovery Bay"
I would recommend this flat to anyone who would like to stay in Discovery Bay. Not ever having been there before, we had a learning curve when it came to the bus transportation on the island. Jenifer … More
An apartment is a good choice for three adults and this one was very spacious and had what we needed - more than one bathroom, a washer, kitchen, and room to sprawl. (Also tv and a gazillion DVDs to w… More
9 Dec 2015
My family of 5 arrived to be greeted by Ming and he showed us his apartment which was very clean and tidy and suprisingly quite large, what I really liked about staying here was that there were no Wes… More
Hi,Jeff,so happy to read your kindly review. Thanks again for your staying and hope it was a wonderful experience on your trip in China. So sorry for the harder bed. I have added a soft mattress for the foreign guests. Wish you could enjoy it next time:)
All the best wishes for you and everybody.
Our stay at Steve’s apartment was excellent! The apartment was beautiful and comfortable, exactly like in the listing. The location is unbeatable, with lots of shops, 24hours super market, attractio… More
Great for children of all ages ; Air conditioning; No pets allowed;
THIS IS NEW LISTING ON FEB.2015.Located in the busy mongkok district,the heart of Kowloon, this 2014 newly renovated apartment can accommodate a group of 6-14 . This makes it ideal for a large family/group of travelers. pls notice the price is for 8pax.over 6 pax charge …see more
5 Aug 2015
"Great, convenient and comfortable"
We love this place, easy and convenient to all. The MTR is right next to the building. We booked a 4 bedrooms with 4 bathrooms. Bathrooms are small, but good enough, all we need were to get everybo… More
29 Nov 2015
"Good n Convenient"
Good n convenient only Day one got some problem finding the location,the room overall is clean n we enjoy our stay n one more thing to mention is close to MTR.… More
22 Jun 2015
Good location .The room is clean and perfect for our family. It is very closed to MTR exit. I reccommend this place to stay if you want to travel in Hongkong by MTR. … More
Not suitable for children; Air conditioning; No pets allowed;
Newly renovated modern high rise 2 bedroom apartment with 1 full bathroom and city views. Sleeps 4. Great location in Wan Chai, close to Wan Chai & Causeway Bay MTR's with easy access to airport. 3 blocks to Times Square! Surrounded by restaurants and shopping! PLEASE N …see more
6 Feb 2015
"Nice apartment in great location"
The apartment is beautiful. Everything modern in side. Really clean with super comfy beds. There is a nice kitchen. The bathroom is great. The Wifi is fast.
The location is amazing - in the middle of… More
10 Jan 2015
"Great Place And Value In Downtown Hong Kong"
I stayed at this property on a recent business trip to Hong Kong. I was the first guest since the apartment had been renovated. I will try to summarize this into some pros and cons:
The apartm… More
16 Jan 2016
aucun accueil du propriétaire , aucune écoute , aucun effort
à notre arrivée il nous a prévenus de ne pas boire d'eau du robinet , mais il n'y avait pas une seule bouteille d'eau , par contre 2… More
Vous ne devez pas avoir séjourné à ma place. Permettez-moi de répondre à toutes les questions que vous avez mentionnées.
1. Vous êtes la seule critique que je l'ai reçu moins de 5 étoiles. Ma place est aussi sur un autre site de location très populaire qui commence par un A basée à San Francisco. Là, je dois plus de cinquante 5 étoiles (*****) critiques. Pensez-vous que tous ces gens ont eu tort? Ou pourriez-vous écrirez un avis sur un autre appartement? Ou, peut-être votre avis une fabrication absolue, mensonge, et la fausse représentation de la vérité?
2. Je suis à ma place en Novembre et personnellement vérifié et accueilli tous mes invités.
3. Vous pouvez boire l'eau du robinet à Hong Kong, mais son pas recommandé. Les tuyaux sont très vieux. Vous pouvez même faire une recherche ici sur TripAdvisor sur «Boire de l'eau à Hong Kong" et vous verrez beaucoup de réponses des sections locales indiquant la même chose.
4. Je ne habituellement le faire, mais parce que je suis à la maison, je suis parti une bouteille d'eau de 2 litres pour mes invités dans le réfrigérateur. Je ne suis pas parti les petites bottes, pour que je puisse tenter de sauver un peu de plastique et de l'environnement. Cependant, il y a beaucoup de verres à utiliser à ma place à boire de l'eau. Je quittai 2-3 variétés de fruits frais dans le réfrigérateur (Dragon, oranges, pommes) pour mes invités en Novembre. Il y avait beaucoup de café et de thé, même si je ne prétends pas à fournir ces choses.
5. Oui, mon appartement est situé dans un des meilleurs quartiers de Hong Kong. Il est à seulement 1 pâté de maisons du métro! Comme d'autres grandes villes (New York, Londres, Paris), il peut y avoir beaucoup de trafic en heure de pointe. Après environ 8 ou 9 heures le trafic est faible. Et la nuit, il n'y a pratiquement pas de circulation sur les routes.
6. Toutes les chambres ont des rideaux. Avez-vous regardé les photos de mon appartement? Vous pouvez clairement voir les rideaux il. Je suis sûr que quelqu'un se serait plaint maintenant s'il n'y avait pas de rideaux dans les chambres. Après tout, il y a beaucoup de fenêtres de mon appartement. Certains d'entre eux ont même une belle vue sur Kowloon et Wanchai.
7. Oui, il y a toutes les unités NOUVEAU AC. Et il y a un secteur dans la 2ème chambre qui est de 2 ans.
8. Mon téléviseur est équipé d'internet, donc vous pouvez regarder ce que vous voulez - Nouvelles, YouTube, etc. Je comprends certains de mes clients âgés ne sont pas familiers avec l'utilisation de l'Internet.
9. Et enfin, je ne reçois une plainte de mon un de mes voisins au sujet de certains clients français grossiers fumer dans la cage d'escalier. Apparemment, ce couple se battait tout le temps. Je suppose qu'ils ont été stressés de tous les problèmes en France. Ils ont dû dormir dans les deux chambres différentes, parce que nous avons dû changer les deux lits. Je ne pense pas que cela était vous, cependant, comme je crois que son nom était M. Retard. Vous, bien sûr, sont M. Chautard.
We have spent 5 wonderful days in Betty's apartment.
The apartment is very well located, nice and very well equiped for Beijing's tough winter! Though Betty was not in Beijing, Miss Lu took very goo… More
9 Jan 2016
Tutto come prospettato, la proprietaria è stata esaustiva e ci ha dato anche qualche suggerimento sempre ben accetto; Miss Lu che ci h accolto è stata molto disponibile e gentile.… More
Thank you very much for choosing my apartment. Hope you come again.
During the Athletics World Championships 2015, we were in the lucky position to be able to enjoy Beijing at its very best under a clear, blue sky and in the relaxing atmosphere of your apartment which… More
Great for children of all ages ; Some pets are welcome - please contact the owner; Private garden;
A beautiful converted traditional cottage with views of the Great Wall, a large private courtyard and mod cons. Walk the wall, explore the village or simply hang out on our huge traditional Kang in a beautiful, fresh and peaceful environment 1.5h drive from Beijing …see more
We decided to stay in an apartment instead of hotel as we have a 3year old with us. We stayed at this apartment with my mum, older sister, and my husband. For HK standard this apartment is very comf… More
9 Aug 2015
toller blick, schöne einrichtung, gemütlich. alles vorhanden und klimaanlage funktionierte.
wir waren von einer anstrengenden reise durch china geschafft und konnten uns gut dort erholen.
leider w… More


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Southern Illinois stands to lose tens of millions of dollars in economic activity if the state does not officially approve the ATA Grand American event in the next 10 days, according to State Senator Paul Schimpf (R-Waterloo).
“If there was ever a time that our region desperately needs an influx of economic activity, it’s right now.” said State Senator Paul Schimpf (R-Waterloo). “The ATA Grand American can be held safely, and it offers us a financial lifeline that we can’t afford to lose.”
The ATA Grand American is the largest trapshooting competition in the world. The event has been held at the World Shooting and Recreation Complex (WSRC) in Sparta since 2006. According to economic studies, the financial impact of the event on the region is between $20 and $30 million. The event is tentatively scheduled for July 31st through August 15th, but under the governor’s reopening plan, gatherings with more than 10 people are not currently allowed. Because of the lead time needed for planning purposes, the ATA has said that they need approval to hold the event in Sparta by June 15th or they will have to find an alternate site in another state.
“The Grand American is the largest national trapshooting competition in the entire United States, drawing tens of thousands of visitors to our rural community for over two weeks out of the year,” said Sparta Mayor Jason Schlimme. “The ability to maintain this relationship with the American Trapshooting Association is vital to our economy in Southern Illinois.”
“The World Shooting Complex has been a valuable part of tourism within our region, creating significant economic impact for businesses and individuals within Randolph County,” said David Holder, Chairman of the Randolph Count Board of Commissioners. “We fully support its reopening and stand ready the to help the Department of Natural Resources and the Amateur Trap Shooting Association with whatever logistical support they may require in order to assure they are able to host events in this location for 2020 and years to come.”
On June 4th, Senator Schimpf and a bipartisan group of Southern Illinois legislators formally requested that the State of Illinois approve the event. He noted that the event can be held safely while using social distancing guidelines. He points to the fact that participants stand 9 feet apart during competition, spread out over 120 shooting fields on a 1,600 acre site. Few spectators attend the event, and they are positioned away from competitors, judges, and staff. Additionally, the ATA has made procedural changes to how the event is conducted to create an even safer environment.
“We can’t afford to throw away $30 million in economic activity, especially over safety concerns when we know this event can be held safely,” said State Senator Paul Schimpf (R-Waterloo). “The people of this area desperately need the financial boost. We need state government to step up and do the right thing by approving the Grand American.”

domain: economics


text:
Item title reads - World crisis and you.
M/S of several newspaper headlines announcing that Britain is to get a loan from the United States of America. Hugh Dalton, the Chancellor of the Exchequer, emerges from 11 Downing street, London, to make a speech about it....
Mr Hugh Dalton proposes less conservative dress sense as more suitable for wartime.
Mr Hugh Dalton announces a shilling off the Income Tax.
Australian Government give cheque for £20 million to help Britain out of financial problems.
Chancellor of the Exchequer, Hugh Dalton speaks about his budget plans.
Chancellor of Exchequer gives budget speech after 1945 election.
Hugh Dalton, Chancellor of Exchequer, gives speech about 1946 budget.
Crowds clamour to buy cheap cigarettes on sale in pub.
Hugh Dalton, Chancellor of the Exchequer makes his budget speech.

domain: news


text:
Bay Area stand up… E-40 and Too $hort just dropped a project together.
Ahead of their Verzuz battle on Saturday (12/19), the West Coast legends have decided to drop some new music. But, instead of a song, the two couldn’t help themselves and came through with an entire album.
“I ain’t gone ever switch up on my patna,” E-40 said on Instagram. “We rocking til the wheels fall off!”
Equipped with 20 songs (ten from each), the album includes features from Guapdad 4000, Mistah F.A.B, Rayven Justice, Zyah Belle, Stresmatic, Drakeo the Ruler, Blxst, Brent Faiyaz, Larry June, Freddie Gibbs, and more.

domain: entertainment


Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a non-invasive and powerful imaging modality, with a broad range of applications in both clinical diagnosis and basic scientific research. Comparing to other medical imaging modalities, MRI does not use ionizing radiation and provides superior soft-tissue characterization with high resolution and flexible image contrast parameters. Moreover, MRI allows good visualization of anatomical structure, physiological function, blood flow, and metabolic information, making it compelling in a variety of clinical applications. MRI is based on the phenomenon of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) that was discovered in the 1940s and has been applied in a variety of research experiments in chemistry, biology, physics and medicine. In a simple NMR experiment, an object that is placed inside a strong static magnetic field (B0). The signal is generated by applying a resonant radio frequency (RF) pulse to excite the spin of the atomic nucleus in the object. Following the excitation, the object being studied emits a decaying RF signal that can be detected in the form of radio frequency voltage in a receiver coil. In order to distinguish the received signals from different spatial positions, additional magnetic field gradients are superimposed on the main magnetic field, so that the field strength varies linearly with spatial position, allowing the exact origins of NMR signal emitted from the object to be localized . Based upon the idea of gradient encoding, Fourier imaging was proposed , in which measurements representing the spatial frequency of the object, termed as k-space, can be acquired using a specific trajectory. The most common acquisition scheme is the Cartesian sampling, where k-space points are acquired on a uniform rectangular grid and image reconstruction is performed in a robust and efficient fashion by applying an inverse Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). However, the major limitation of Fourier imaging is the relatively slow data acquisition speed, in which only limited k-space positions can be encoded per unit time and this process has to be sequentially repeated until the entire k-space region for the target spatial resolution is sampled. Low imaging speed not only increases patient discomfort, but also imposes strict limits in spatiotemporal resolution and volumetric coverage. For example, in a typical cardiac MRI exam, the data acquisition has to be synchronized with the contraction of the heart and is usually performed during multiple breath-holds in order to avoid respiratory-motion induced artifacts. Since breath-hold capabilities are subject dependent and can be significantly limited in patients, repeated data acquisitions are often required in the case of failed breath-holds, or in the presence of different types of arrhythmias, which further increase patient discomfort and prolong the examination times, making MRI more challenging in some applications such as cardiac imaging or abdominal imaging. Rapid imaging approaches can help shift the balance from complex tailored acquisitions to a simple and continuous acquisition paradigm in MRI. Since the introduction of MRI, researchers have devoted tremendous effort to the acceleration of MR scans, and the speed with which data can be acquired has already increased dramatically with a combination of advances in MR hardware and innovations in imaging techniques. For example, fast switching magnetic field gradients have allowed the intervals between data collections to be reduced substantially. The invention of fast imaging strategies, such as Echo-Planar Imaging (EPI) , Fast Spin-Echo (FSE) imaging, Fast Low Angle SHot (FLASH) imaging , balanced Steady-State Free Precession (bSSFP) imaging, and spiral imaging sequences all significantly increased imaging efficiency. However, the nature of sequential data acquisition in conventional Fourier imaging still limits achievable imaging speed.An alternative approach to increase imaging speed in MRI is to reduce the quantities of phase-encoding measurements while maintaining the target resolution. The idea of partial Fourier imaging was proposed in the 1980s and early 1990s for accelerated MRI exams, in which the conjugate symmetry of k-space is exploited to reduce scan times by acquiring approximately half of the k-space data . Although partial Fourier imaging is still used in clinical exams today, the maximum acceleration factor that can be achieved is only close to two. Beginning in the late 1990s, a variety of parallel imaging techniques, such as Simultaneous Acquisition of Spatial Harmonics (SMASH) , Sensitivity Encoding (SENSE), and Generalized Autocalibrating Partially Parallel Acquisition (GRAPPA) , were proposed to accelerate the data acquisition in MRI using an array of receive coils with spatially-varying sensitivities. The knowledge of coil sensitivities, which is usually estimated using additional reference data, can be employed to perform some portion of spatial encoding that is normally accomplished via gradients, thus enabling reconstruction of an image without aliasing from only a subset of kspace data. Temporal parallel imaging techniques, such as TSENSEor TGRAPPA, further eliminate the need to acquire extra reference data for coil sensitivity calibration in dynamic imaging exams, estimating the coil sensitivities by combining different temporal frames acquired with shifted lattice under sampling patterns, under the assumption that the sensitivity maps are smooth and do not change significantly over time. However, the acceleration in paralle imaging is fundamentally limited by noise amplification in the reconstruction (also known as gfactor), which increases non-linearly with increasing acceleration factor. The presence of extensive spatial and temporal correlations in dynamic MRI can be also exploited to accelerate data acquisition, and these methods are usually combined with parallel imaging for better performance. For example, k-t acceleration methods, such as k-t BLAST/k-t SENSE, k-t GRAPPA and k-t PCA , are based on the fact that the representation of dynamic images in the combined spatial and temporal Fourier domain (x-f space) is typically sparse, which reduces the signal overlap in x-f space due to regular k-t under sampling and thus enables higher accelerations. K-t techniques represented the first attempt to exploit compressibility or sparsity to reconstruct under sampled data. However, one potential drawback of k-t techniques is the need to explicitly compute the signal distribution in x-f space, which is usually performed by acquiring low frequency navigator data for each frame. The idea of compressed sensing, proposed in the 2000s, represents another powerful approach for increasing imaging speed in MRI by exploiting the compressibility or sparsity of an image. Since its introduction, compressed sensing has already generated great excitement and enabled significant advances in coding and information theory. According to the Nyquist theorem, the sampling rate in a conventional sampling scheme must be at least twice the maximum bandwidth presented in the signal. Unfortunately, in many applications, Nyquist sampling is time-consuming and data-intensive, posing a challenge for sampling system design, data storage and transmission. In order to address this logistical and computational challenge, high-dimensional data are often compressed after acquisition by transforming to a basis that provides a sparse or compressible representation for the signal, and discarding insignificant components. This transform coding framework has been widely used in the JPEG, JPEG2000 and MPEG image/video compression standards. The ability to compress images so effectively raises an interesting question, one which underlies compressed sensing: instead of first sampling a signal at a high sampling rate and then discarding most of the sampled measurements in the compression process, why not directly acquire the data in a compressed form at a lower sampling rate? In other words, can we build the compression process directly into the acquisition or sensing step, so that one does not have to perform so many measurements only to discard most of them afterwards? Candes, Romberg, Tao and Donoho proved the feasibility of this hypothesis and proposed the compressed sensing framework by which a sparse or compressible signal could be successfully recovered from undersampled measurements that are far below the Nyquist limit .After rapid development in the past decade, compressed sensing has already achieved notable impact in a wide range of application areas, including medical imaging, sensor design in highresolution cameras, geophysical data analysis, computational biology, radar analysis and many others. One of the applications that can substantially benefit from compressed sensing is MRI, in which the imaging speed can be dramatically improved by reconstructing the sparse representation of an image from undersampled measurements without loss of important information . Meanwhile, since multicoil data acquisition is widely used in MRI nowadays,compressed sensing can be combined with parallel imaging to further increase imaging speed and improve reconstruction performance exploiting the idea of joint multicoil sparsity.These two reconstruction approaches can be synergistically combined, because image sparsity and coil sensitivity encoding are complementary sources of information. On one hand, compressed sensing can serve as a regularizer for the inverse problem in parallel imaging, and can thus prevent heavy noise amplification due to high accelerations. On the other hand, parallel imaging can reduce the level of incoherent aliasing artifact in compressed sensing, by exploiting joint sparsity in sensitivity-weighted combinations of multicoil images . Remarkable advances in rapid MRI have been achieved over the last two decades, improving the performance of existing techniques and enabling new imaging methods that were not feasible before due to limited imaging speed. However, the paradigm of routine clinical imaging still remains complex, given the rich diversity of acquisition choices and the adjustments needed to reduce the influence of unwanted effects, such as respiratory motion, cardiac motion, relaxation effects, and others. Therefore, it is desirable to shift the day-to-day clinical workflow from time-consuming, inefficient, and tailored acquisitions to rapid, continuous and comprehensive acquisitions with user-defined reconstructions adapted retrospectively for different clinical needs. The combination of compressed sensing and parallel imaging has the potential to enable such an efficient imaging paradigm
1. Purcell EM, Torrey HC, Pound RV. Resonance Absorption by Nuclear Magnetic Moments in a Solid. Phys Rev 1946;69(1-2):37-38.
2. Bloch F. The Principle of Nuclear Induction. Science 1953;118(3068):425-430.
3. Lauterbur PC. Image Formation by Induced Local Interactions – Examples Employing Nuclear Magnetic-Resonance. Nature 1973;242(5394):190-191.
4. Kumar A, Welti D, Ernst RR. Nmr Fourier Zeugmatography. J Magn Reson 1975;18(1):69-83.
5. Ljunggren S. A Simple Graphical Representation of Fourier-Based Imaging Methods. J Magn Reson 1983;54(2):338-343.
6. Twieg DB. The K-Trajectory Formulation of the Nmr Imaging Process with Applications in Analysis and Synthesis of Imaging Methods. Medical Physics 1983;10(5):610-621.
7. Paling MR, Brookeman JR. Respiration artifacts in MR imaging: reduction by breath holding. Journal of computer assisted tomography 1986;10(6):1080-1082.
8. Mansfield P. Multi-Planar Image-Formation Using Nmr Spin Echoes. J Phys C Solid State 1977;10(3):L55-L58.
9. Hennig J, Nauerth A, Friedburg H. RARE imaging: a fast imaging method for clinical MR. Magn Reson Med 1986;3(6):823-833.
10. Frahm J, Haase A, Matthaei D. Rapid NMR imaging of dynamic processes using the FLASH technique. Magn Reson Med 1986;3(2):321-327.
11. Hawkes RC, Patz S. Rapid Fourier imaging using steady-state free precession. Magn Reson Med 1987;4(1):9-23.
12. Ahn CB, Kim JH, Cho ZH. High-Speed Spiral-Scan Echo Planar Nmr Imaging .1. Ieee T Med Imaging 1986;5(1):2-7.
13. Meyer CH, Hu BS, Nishimura DG, Macovski A. Fast Spiral CoronaryArtery Imaging. Magnetic Resonance in Medicine 1992;28(2):202- 213.
14. J; C, Est A. Reducing MR imaging time by one-sided reconstruction. Magn Reson Imaging 1987;5:526.
15. Noll DC, Nishimura DG, Macovski A. Homodyne detection in magnetic resonance imaging. IEEE Trans Med Imaging 1991;10(2):154-163.
16. Amartur S, Liang ZP, Boada F, Haacke EM. Phase-constrained data extrapolation method for reduction of truncation artifacts. J Magn Reson Imaging 1991;1(6):721-724.
17. Sodickson DK, Manning WJ. Simultaneous acquisition of spatial harmonics (SMASH): fast imaging with radiofrequency coil arrays. Magn Reson Med 1997;38(4):591-603.
18. Pruessmann KP, Weiger M, Scheidegger MB, Boesiger P. SENSE: Sensitivity encoding for fast MRI. Magn Reson Med 1999;42(5):952- 962.
19. Griswold MA, Jakob PM, Heidemann RM, Nittka M, Jellus V, Wang J, Kiefer B, Haase A. Generalized autocalibrating partially parallel acquisitions (GRAPPA). Magn Reson Med 2002;47(6):1202-1210.
20. Sodickson DK, McKenzie CA. A generalized approach to parallel magnetic resonance imaging. Med Phys 2001;28(8):1629-1643.
21. Kellman P, Epstein FH, McVeigh ER. Adaptive sensitivity encoding incorporating temporal filtering (TSENSE). Magn Reson Med 2001;45(5):846-852.
22. Breuer FA, Kellman P, Griswold MA, Jakob PM. Dynamic autocalibrated parallel imaging using temporal GRAPPA (TGRAPPA). Magn Reson Med 2005;53(4):981-985.
23. Tsao J, Boesiger P, Pruessmann KP. k-t BLAST and k-t SENSE: dynamic MRI with high fram rate exploiting spatiotemporal correlations. Magn Reson Med 2003;50(5):1031-1042.
24. Huang F, Akao J, Vijayakumar S, Duensing GR, Limkeman M. k-t GRAPPA: a k-space implementation for dynamic MRI with high reduction factor. Magn Reson Med 2005;54(5):1172-1184.
25. Xu D, King KF, Liang ZP. Improving k-t SENSE by adaptive regularization. Magn Reson Med 2007;57(5):918-930.
26. Candes E, Romberg J, T. T. Robust uncertainty principles: Exact signal reconstruction from highly incomplete frequency information. IEEE Trans Inf Theory 2006;52:489-509.
27. Donoho D. Compressed sensing. IEEE Trans Inf Theory 2006;52:1289-1306.
28. Lustig M, Donoho D, Pauly JM. Sparse MRI: The application of compressed sensing for rapid MR imaging. Magn Reson Med 2007;58(6):1182-1195.
29. Liang D, Liu B, Wang J, Ying L. Accelerating SENSE using compressed sensing. Magn Reson Med 2009;62(6):1574-1584.
30. Otazo R, Kim D, Axel L, Sodickson DK. Combination of compressed sensing and parallel imaging for highly accelerated first-pass cardiac perfusion MRI. Magn Reson Med 2010;64(3):767-776.
31. Lustig M, Pauly JM. SPIRiT: Iterative self-consistent parallel imaging reconstruction from arbitrary k-space. Magn Reson Med 2010;64(2):457-471.


text:
A federal judge has refused to dismiss a lawsuit challenging Nebraska's one-of-a-kind ban on same-sex marriages. U.S. district judge Joseph Bataillon on Monday refused a request by the state of Nebraska to dismiss the lawsuit, which was filed in April by the American Civil Liberties Union and other groups. The lawsuit says the ban, which was approved by voters in 2000 and added to the Nebraska constitution the following year, violates the rights of gay and lesbian couples. Thirty-seven states have "Defense of Marriage" laws, but Nebraska's ban is the only one that specifically prohibits same-sex couples from enjoying many of the legal protections that straight couples enjoy.
The constitutional amendment, known as Initiative 416, passed with 70% of the vote. It prevents gay men and lesbians who work for the state or the University of Nebraska system from sharing health insurance and other benefits with their partners. Lawyers for the state said the ACLU and the other groups did not have standing to challenge the lawsuit, since they could not show they were
injured by it. But Bataillon said the law would prevent such advocacy groups and gay and lesbian couples from lobbying to get the same benefits as other people. The law "acts as a barrier to plaintiffs' participation in the political process, and thus as a result plaintiffs have established injury," he said. ACLU lawyer Amy Miller hailed the decision, saying the ban "prohibits same-sex families from lobbying for even the most basic protections for their families through the normal democratic process." Bataillon also quoted Alexander Hamilton, who wrote about the dangers of passing legislation aimed at punishing a group of people: "The dangerous consequences of this power are manifest. If the legislature can disenfranchise any number of citizens at pleasure by general descriptions, it may soon confine all the votes to a small number of partisans and establish an aristocracy or oligarchy."
The ACLU was joined in the lawsuit by Citizens for Equal Protection and Nebraska Advocates for Justice and Equality. The ACLU's Lesbian and Gay Rights Project and the New York-based Lambda Legal Defense and Education Fund are underwriting the lawsuit. Lambda attorney David Buckel called the law "the most extreme anti-gay family law in the entire nation." The ban prevents same-sex couples from "securing protection against a wide array of injuries that domestic-partnership laws and policies are designed to address, including being prevented from visiting a same-sex partner in the hospital, making care decisions when a same-sex partner is incapacitated, taking bereavement leave when a same-sex partner dies, or making funeral arrangements for a same-sex partner after death," the lawsuit says.
The ban was spearheaded by the Nebraska Coalition for the Protection of Marriage, which was cochaired by former Republican governor Kay Orr. The coalition includes the Mormon Church, the Nebraska Catholic Conference, and Family First. The ban also was supported by the Nebraska Family Council, a nonpartisan group that promotes "biblical values in Nebraska families, school, and government." The ACLU stressed that the lawsuit does not ask for recognition of same-sex marriages, civil unions, or domestic partnerships. Instead, it seeks "nothing more--and nothing less--than a level playing field."


Millburn Short Hills
A definitive luxury destination, Millburn (pop. 20,000), and its elegant Short Hills section offer prime public and private school experiences and sophisticated downtown boutique shopping opportunities along with some of Essex County’s most remarkable private home inventory.
At nearly $1M, now, Millburn’s average residential home sale towers over those in neighboring towns, although its taxes, in many cases, are somewhat less. Millburn is proud home to the Paper Mill Playhouse/State Theater of NJ, The Mall at Short Hills, and a number of highly regarded restaurants.
The town is primarily noted for its school system, perennially ranked #1 in the state. The beautiful hamlet of Short Hills was originally planned as an “ideal town…a harmonious community for people who appreciated nature…where natural beauty would not be destroyed by real estate developments, and where people of congenial tastes could dwell together.” The streets in Short Hills wind through a neighborhood of elegant, vintage estates, and newer mega-mansions built where other homes have been demolished – with a nearby Manhattan-bound train station on the Morristown Line right there.
Another Midtown Direct station stop is in bustling Downtown Millburn itself. A section of the 2100-acre South Mountain Reservation nature reserve that is part of the Essex County Park System allows Millburn residents an easy getaway to nature.
Private schools in town are Far Brook and Pingry (lower school). Natives include actors John C. McGinley and Anne Hathaway, popular author Belva Plain, baseballer David Justice, and CNBC’s “Squawk Box’s” Joe Kernen.


RE: S.O.G. for resisting basement wall lateral force[Subject Prev][Subject Next][Thread Prev][Thread Next]
- To: <seaint(--nospam--at)seaint.org>
- Subject: RE: S.O.G. for resisting basement wall lateral force
- From: "Haan, Scott M POA" <Scott.M.Haan(--nospam--at)poa02.usace.army.mil>
- Date: Tue, 3 May 2005 15:10:12 -0800
I was hoping someone else would respond, because this is a perplexing problem. I have seen a bunch of people assume a slab on grade resists forces at the bottom of a basement wall and not many people design it. I have had to look at a similar 24’ tall situation. It is going to need buttresses, dead men or a reinforced earth retaining wall behind the wall or something.
For a 8’ floor to floor height no problem. For 20’ retained height with a 45 psf at rest pressure how does it work [especially if the building is only buried on one or two sides]? 20’*20’*45/2*2/3=9000 lb/ft at the slab on grade and another 4500 lb/ft at a restraint at the top of a wall. For 4” 2500 psi concrete .85*2*sqrt(2500)*4”*12”/1.7=2400 lb/ft allowable shear. Slab steel is going to be required for shear. For friction to take out the lateral thrust at the base you need 13500/.35=38571 lb of gravity load for friction for each foot of building width. Each foot of building width would require a h=sqrt(13500/(.5*300))=9.5 ft high one foot width of lateral bearing. This is in addition to the friction and lateral bearing resistance for lateral forces. For tall buildings no problem but for a low light small foot print building buried on only two sides not an easy solution?
For a slab on grade to work as a diaphragm you would need to have steel through control joints and dowel to side walls with no isolation joints and have enough friction from gravity loads and lateral bearing at interior footings and side walls for it to work. If it is a vault kind of configuration, you could use wall formulas to check the slab on grade for compression between footings at opposite sides or to interior footings with enough friction and bearing. If there is a vapor retarder under the slab it may be hard to get friction into soil underneath the slab on grade.
From: Bruce Holcomb
In this particular case, it is 20’-0” tall. But I am interested in ‘how’ to analyze the slab-on-grade to resist the lateral earth pressure so I can use for other walls on future projects.
How tall is the wall?
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On February 2015, the European Parliament passed a resolution to address new anti-terrorism measures that should be put in place this year. The document referenced the collection of passenger name records (PNR). Passenger Name Records are, in essence, data about our flight details. It includes several different types of information, such as travel dates, ticket information and payment information.
The EU governments have sought access to this passenger data and requested additional information from airline companies, and therefore third countries’ governments, through far-reaching PNR agreements. The European Commission proposed the EU PNR system as a key tool in the fight against terrorism. On 2010, the EP adopted the EU external strategy on PNR, which opened the negotiations between the EU and Australia, Canada and the United States on the exchange of this type of data between these international actors.
Currently Europe has negotiated PNR data sharing arrangements with the US, Australia, and Canada. All such agreements need to be ratified by the European Parliament, which, in recent years, has become much more than a formality, as the MEPs have threaten to block any agreement which do not meet certain standards. The views in the EP are scattered across the spectrum,ranging from those who believe that data privacy should always come first, to those who believe anti-terrorism measures should always be given priority.The moderate Members vote in favor or against depending on the details of the agreement and the developments ‘on-the-ground’.
Currently, the EU is looking into developing an internal EU PNR system, which would oblige airlines to hand EU countries the data of passengers entering or leaving the EU, in order to help the authorities fight terrorism. PNR data would enable law enforcement authorities to identify persons whom an analysis of the data suggests may be involved in serious crime and could be further investigated by the authorities.
The legislative proposal aims to harmonize member states’ provisions on the collection and processing of PNR data, but the already enforced agreements with the USA, Canada and Australia relating to the exchange of PNR data have given rise to concerns about the purpose and the necessity of the system.
While the EP has noted its determination to fight terrorism as a key component of European external action, it has also expressed the need to protect fundamental rights and to ensure respect for the privacy of EU citizens in compliance with norms of data protection.
MEPs that argue against the agreement have expressed concerns about the use and retention of airline passengers’ data and the compliance with fundamental rights, especially data protection. On the other hand, those Members supporting PNR highlight its potentially significant added value for EU counter-terrorism policy, underlining that the EU legislative framework would be better than a patchwork of differing national systems.
The controversial PNR system is mainly opposed by left-wing groups, as Greens and leftists state that not only is such a system contrary to citizens’ rights to data protection, privacy and free movement, but also there has not been any proof that mass collection of PNR data is actually necessary for tackling terrorism.The Greens have repeated their calls to drop the proposed legislation on retaining PNR in the EU and to renegotiate the proposed EU PNR agreements with the US, Australia, and Canada.
Before the terrorist attack on the satirical weekly newspaper Charlie Hebdo in Paris on January 2015, the Liberals (ALDE) and Socialists (S&D) were of the opinion that the project of collecting data on all EU flight passengers is likely to hamper civil liberties. The Socialists pointed out that the EU PNR system lacks solid safeguards when it comes to data protection and there are serious doubts to the necessity of a PNR system of this kind.
After the attacks in Paris, however, it seems that the Liberals and the Socialists have adjusted their positions. ALDE states that they are not against EU PNR system, as long as it goes hand in hand with the necessary data protection safeguards. The Socialists also expressed their readiness to discuss improving PNR. However, they demand an approach which fully respects individual rights and clarifies the retention period for PNR data. National intelligence services should also exchange information and data on a regular basis under a Community framework.
Christian democrats from the EPP group stated that PNR systems have proved their worth in defeating terrorist attacks and tracking down serious criminals in many countries. The EPP group agrees with the proposal that air carriers should be legally bound to provide this data to EU governments for the use of preventing and detecting terrorist offences.
Conservatives and reformists (ECR) strongly support the proposal, saying that the EU needs its own PNR system, which is one of the key tools in the fight against terrorism. ECR states that the importance of PNR data for our security cannot be underestimated.
Marine Le Pen, the EP’s leading non-attached member from the French Front National, reasserted her hostile position to the proposed PNR, stating this proposal breaches national sovereignty and that it should be up to the Member States to decide who enters and who leaves their borders.
The President of the European Council, Donald Tusk, has expressed support for the internal EU PNR agreement, saying that if it does not establish a single European PNR, the EU will end up with 28 national systems. Such an arrangement would interfere with the privacy of citizens, but would not properly protect their security.
The EP committed itself to work towards the finalization of an EU PNR Directive by the end of 2015, therefore we should expect a very important vote on this topic to take place in the coming months.


text:
200mph trains included in £700m Eurostar investment
Channel Tunnel rail company Eurostar today announced a £700 million investment in 200mph new trains and refurbishment of existing rolling stock.
Eurostar, which operates high-speed services to Paris and Brussels from London's St Pancras station, will buy 10 German-built e320 trains which will carry 900 passengers.
This is a 20% capacity increase on the existing trains which will be overhauled and refurbished.
The arrival of the new trains, built by Siemens, could see London-Paris journey times reduced to just over two hours. The trains will be able to run across the European high-speed network.
French rail company SNCF is one of the three shareholders which own Eurostar and the decision to opt for German-built trains will anger the French government which had been hoping for the contract to be awarded to French company Alstom.
The Eurostar announcement was welcomed by Transport Secretary Philip Hammond who earlier this week announced further details of the £33 billion UK high-speed rail network - known as High Speed 2 (HS2).
Mr Hammond hopes work can start on HS2 by 2015 and studies are going on to see if the new network can be joined to the London to Folkestone Channel Tunnel link, now known as HS1.
HS2 would initially run to Birmingham and Mr Hammond this week signalled his preference for a Y-shaped network north of Birmingham, with separate legs from the West Midlands to Manchester and Leeds.
Mr Hammond said: "The transformation of Eurostar into a single entity has created a company well placed to attract the resources and investment needed to deliver a world class service.
"That's good news for passengers but also for the UK taxpayer as well, who owns 40% of Eurostar International."
Mr Hammond said a possible joining of HS2 to HS1 would create "a truly international service for passengers and business".
Eurostar chief executive Nicolas Petrovic said: "Over the last 16 years Eurostar has revolutionised travel between London, Paris and Brussels but our sights are now set on expanding our business across Europe.
"The transformation of Eurostar into a stand-alone business and the major capital investment announced today is a mark of our growth ambitions for the future. The combination of our new state-of-the-art trains and our refurbished fleet will assure our position as the leading rail operator between the UK and the continent and make us the obvious choice for short-haul European travel."
Snow getting into the works of trains caused a number of breakdowns of Eurostar services last Christmas, with hundreds of passengers stuck in the tunnel for many hours in appalling conditions.
All Eurostar services had to be suspended for three days in the busy run-up to Christmas, wrecking thousands of customers' travel plans.
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text:
Dinner Party, After School Special, Bergen Kunsthall
Curated by Clara Morell
After School Special is a series of temporary short term interventions curated by artists and artist groups at Bergen Kunsthal. As part of an event called Dinner Party I was invited to come and cook and talk about my work along with other artists. Dinner Party was an interactive performative meal hosting discussions and performances based around food and culture. Responding to the coastline and seasonal food I collaborated with colleague and artist Mei Setzu.
We used local seaweeds to make a simple soup and kelp tasters which were presented to the guests as well as a short talk on the history and culture of seaweed. Mei is an artist and kelp enthusiast based in Bergen and has been researching edible kelp and alternative uses of this amazing material for some years.
Houses on the Danish island Læsø where seaweed is used as thatch.
Archival image of Japanese seaweed harvesters.
Harvesting seaweed in the Shetland Islands
Commercial seaweed growing fields in Africa


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Frank A. Kiraly Aviation Postcard and Photo Collection
Scope and Contents
The collection consists entirely of aviation postcards and photographs. The postcards, most of which depict airports throughout the United States, date between approximately 1911 and 1977. Postcards bearing a postmark but no other date information have been assigned a “circa” date of the postmark date. The photographs primarily depict famous aviators from the 1930s, including Charles Lindbergh and Amelia Earhart.
- Creation: 1911-1977
- Kiraly, Frank A., 1914-2000 (Person)
Conditions Governing Access
There are no restrictions on accessing material in this collection.
Conditions Governing Use
Copyright restrictions may apply. Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.
Biographical / Historical
Frank A. Kiraly (1914-2000) was an aviation enthusiast and a detective with the Cleveland Police. During the time period to which most of the collection materials date, Frank lived at 3492/3494 W. 117th Street in Cleveland (a duplex where other members of his family also lived); this address is stamped on the back of some of the photographs. He and wife Helen later lived in nearby Lakewood, Ohio.
0.5 linear feet (1 binder box)
Language of Materials
The collection consists of aviation postcards, primarily of airports throughout the country, and also of photographs of famous aviators from the 1930s.
The collection is arranged in a single series. In the finding aid, the file number designation indicates the page (number) and position on the page (letter). For the position, the letters are assigned from left to right then top to bottom (e.g., “a” indicates top or top left, then “b” is middle or top right).
Immediate Source of Acquisition
The collection was purchased from Zubal Books in Cleveland in October 2015. Zubal Books purchased the collection from an estate sale in 2014.
- Guide to the Frank A. Kiraly Aviation Postcard and Photo Collection (MS-515)
- Ed O'Shaughnessy, Lisa Rickey
- Description rules
- Describing Archives: A Content Standard
- Language of description
- Script of description
- Language of description note
Part of the Special Collections Repository
Special Collections and Archives
3640 Colonel Glenn Hwy
Dayton OH 45435-0001 USA

domain: hobby


Sigfox is a Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) technology specially designed for the Internet of Things. Devices connected using SigFox consume little power and operate over large distances compared to WiFi and Bluetooth connection protocols which consume more power and work best in short range. The chronology of a SigFox application follows these three basic steps:
Numerous objects (devices) connected to the Internet send data through the SigFox network to a SigFox base station (gateway).
The base station then detects, demodulates, and reports the messages to the SigFox cloud across 3 channels, at least every 10 minutes.
The SigFox cloud then pushes these messages to many customer servers and IoT platforms based on the client’s application.
Technically, the SigFox network differs from other LPWAN networks in the methods it sends data and the electrical guidelines that govern the quantity, speed, and duration of the data being sent. SigFox is most used for low-power applications that only require sending small amounts of data, infrequently, over large distances. Perfect for Agro environments and asset management across vast distances.
How Sigfox works?
The SigFox network consists of these elements:
Base stations (gateways)
The diagram below illustrates the key elements of data transmission via SigFox:
DPSK is a method used by base stations (gateways) to convert a signal, debug it, and forward it to the cloud for processing.
SigFox data transmission can be better understood as follows: Objects (devices) are connected to the internet using the SigFox network. The object can be a temperature, humidly, and/or saturation (etc.) sensors located within 1,000 meters of a base station (gateway). Sigfox uses Phase Shift Keying (DPSK) for device-to-cloud communication, or “uplink”, and Frequency Shift Keying (FSK) for cloud-to-device communication, or “downlink”.


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And unfortunately having a hard time making healthy decisions.
I don’t really know why. I’ve basically had 2 1/2 days of eating crap.
Friday I had Subway for breakfast and lunch, I saved a lot of calories because Blake and I planned on going to place called The BBQ Depot. You can tell just by the name…not too many healthy options there. Well of course plans change and we ended up going over to our friends house to play Monopoly. Where we ate pizza, bacon wrapped water chestnuts, and brownies with ice cream. YIKES! I ate way too much. I let too many hours go between lunch and dinner, that by the time dinner showed up I went overboard!
Then Saturday we left home early to back to our friends house so that Blake could help them with some car work. We stopped at McDonalds for breakfast, where I had the Oatmeal and a sugar free fat free vanilla latte. For lunch, I had some tomato soup, pita chips, and spreadable cheese. So far so good. Then we decided to stay in town to see a friends band play so we had a dinner at the local Mexican restaurant. I wanted to get something healthy, so I ordered a steak fajita salad and single flour tortilla. The dang waiter brought two tortillas. And I ended up eating both of them, which is why I only asked for one! I didn’t eat all of my salad. It was good, but I just wasn’t feeling it. We finished off dinner with ice cream….I had a small chocolate dipped cone. Not the worst day ever but clearly not the best.
Sunday. Now Sunday was the worst day of eating. Since I rarely have days off Blake and I agreed we would do nothing! Just relax and enjoy our day. So we didn’t cook either. We had breakfast at Shari’s, I had ended up forgetting my phone at home so I couldn’t look up any of the calorie counts. I ordered the Eggs Benedict with Hash Browns, which ended up being 810 calories. We also took home a cherry pie! Ugh. Most of my time at home was spent in bed. I did have have chicken teriyaki and rice for dinner, and more pie that I care to discuss. So frustrating!
Its like I undid a whole week of good work in just one weekend.
Today I am more sick than any other day, I even stayed home from work. I’m not allowing myself to eat crap. Its not going to make me feel better. I slept 12 hours and woke up around lunchtime. So far I’ve has a grilled cheese, tomato soup, and chia tea.
I’m trying to get stuff done around the house like dishes and laundry but I’m mostly just laying around. But thats ok. Its better to get better than to have a clean house.


This is set to be a cracker of an NBA MVP race. While Giannis Antetokounmpo had the award all but wrapped up with time to spare last season, this one should go to the wire. Three players have put themselves clear of the chasing pack so far.
Such is the depth of top end talent, there’s a cluster of players who could bridge that gap. There will be twists and turns aplenty in this NBA MVP race before the season is up.
As of February 23rd, here’s our ranking of the top five candidates so far.
5. Steph Curry
Third in scoring and 10th in true shooting, Stephen Curry is doing it again. Teams are setting out with the lone aim of stopping Curry. He’s still scoring 30 per game on awesome efficiency.
The Warriors probably won’t finish with a strong enough record for Curry to have a real chance at a third MVP. In the most literal sense, though, he’s got to be right there. This Golden State roster would be languishing with the Timberwolves and Thunder without him.
Questions of Curry’s ability to take over without Kevin Durant, Klay Thompson and Andre Iguodala have already been proved ridiculous.
4. Damian Lillard
Damian Lillard isn’t as involved in the MVP conversation as he should be. The odds he’s getting right now suggest that the Blazers superstar is still an outsider to win the MVP, despite putting Portland on his back once again to keep them firmly in the Western Conference playoff picture.
Everything for Curry is true for Lillard. He’s playing through aggressive traps and double teams. He’s creating for others, and he’s draining typically outrageous shots.
Lillard is the best clutch player in the league this season. It isn’t all that close. The Blazers’ season could have easily crumbled when CJ McCollum and Jusuf Nurkic went down. Not on Dame’s watch.
3. Nikola Jokic
It feels cruel to have Nikola Jokic down in third. His performances don’t warrant losing a place since our last NBA MVP rankings.
Denver remains underwhelming, however. That matters in MVP. The Nuggets are in the play-in spots at the time of writing – is it possible for Jokic to win the award if the Nuggets are outside the top six in the Western Conference?
Jokic needs a spectacular statistical season on offense to win MVP. He’s on that course right now, but the Nuggets still need to pull themselves towards the top four.
2. LeBron James
It’s four losses in five games for the Lakers. LeBron James still has narrative on his side. He’s still shooting the ball well and putting up great numbers, but the Lakers have been far from their best of late.
Even before this poor run, they were taken to overtime by Detroit and Oklahoma City. Many might think it’s LeBron’s MVP to lose, and perhaps that’s accurate, but if the Lakers struggle without Anthony Davis, how does that impact his candidacy?
LeBron has been awesome. He’s the best player in the league. That doesn’t mean he’s MVP as it stands.
1. Joel Embiid
Missing six games is all that stands in Joel Embiid’s way. He’s a legitimate Defensive Player of the Year candidate. He’s at over 65% true shooting, and he’s second in scoring. This version of Embiid is a true two-way juggernaut.
Despite recent losses, the Sixers are still atop the East. If Philly takes the one seed and Embiid plays 60+ games at this standard, it’s going to be very hard for anyone to vote against him.
This is the version of Embiid we’ve been waiting to see. His conditioning is better, he’s aggressive, and his inefficient mid-range game has transformed to a go-to for the Sixers.
Embiid would get my vote if the season ended today.


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This month, Physician Health Partners (PHP), medical management company, was ranked 19th in the mid-size company category on the Denver Post Top Workplace list. This is PHP’s seventh appearance on the annual list since the program began in 2012.
The Top Workplace list is founded solely on Colorado-based PHP employee feedback gathered through a third-party independent survey administered by research partner Energage, LLC, a leading provider of technology-based employee engagement tools.
“We are truly honored that our employees have rated PHP as a Top Workplace for seven years,” said Kenneth Nielsen, president and chief executive officer. “At PHP, our people are our product. Their dedication to our mission and values exceeds expectations and defines the value we bring to the providers and patients we serve.”
Founded in 1996 by primary care physicians, PHP is the medical management company for the largest group of primary care physicians in the Denver metro area. PHP also manages the Health First Colorado (Colorado’s Medicaid program) contract that serves eight Colorado counties. PHP remains led by primary care providers and supports providers in improving clinical outcomes for more than 450,000 Coloradans.
“Becoming a Top Workplace isn’t something organizations can buy,” said Doug Claffey, CEO of Energage. “It’s an achievement organizations have worked for and a distinction that gives them a competitive advantage. It’s a big deal.”
Interested in joining our team? View current job postings here.


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On Friday, the Federal Government collected samples of the Vaccine COVID-19 from Russia. During a visit to the ministry in Abuja, Russia’s ambassador to Nigeria, Alexey Shebarshin, delivered the samples to health minister Osagie Ehanire.
Minister of State for Health, Olorunnimbe Mamora; top management of the Ministry of Health, and other Nigerian scientists were also present at the gathering.
This was included in a statement signed by Olujimi Oyetomi, the ministry ‘s director of information, media , and public relations.
The statement was titled, ‘Russian Federation Ambassador to Nigeria, H.E. Alexey L. Shebarshin on courtesy visit to Nigeria’s Health Ministers, Russian-made COVID-19 Vaccine finally here.’
Ehanire on Friday also said the vaccine would be “quickly referred” to the National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control as well as the Nigeria Institute of Pharmaceutical Research and Development, amongst other agencies, for review and possible validation.
Oyetomi, in the statement, said the Russian envoy said he was at the Health Ministry “to formally hand over the Russian-made Vaccine against COVID-19 to Nigeria with an aide memoir which explains the details for Nigerian teams to study and get ready for further researches, patronage and application.”
“A Ministerial Team is also expected to be raised to continue further engagement with the Embassy of the Russian Federation in Nigeria on the vaccine as well as other areas of interests highlighted at the meeting.”


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Congress leader Manish Tewari has demanded the Bharat Ratna for freedom fighters Bhagat Singh, Rajguru and Sukhdev, putting the BJP in a fix as it had promised to confer the highest civilian award on Vinayak Damodar Savarkar in its Maharashtra manifesto.
“I would like to draw your kind attention towards the fact that Shaheed Bhagat Singh, Rajguru and Sukhdev inspired an entire generation of patriots by their unrelenting resistance to British Imperialism and later their supreme sacrifice on the 23rd of March, 1931,” the former information and broadcasting minister wrote in a letter to Prime Minister Narendra Modi.
“It would be in fitness of things that 1. If on January 26th 2020, all three of them are honoured with the Bharat Ratna 2. They are formally conferred with the honorific of ‘Shaheed-E-Azam’. 3. The Chandigarh Airport located in Mohali is named as ‘Shaheed-E-Azam’ Bhagat Singh Airport, Chandigarh (Mohali). This gesture would touch the hearts and souls of 124 crore Indians.”
The Congress leader was flayed on social media for raising the issue now as most people wondered why he had not made this demand when he was a minister in the Manmohan Singh government and the Congress was in power.
Tewari’s demand is an obvious counter to the BJP’s promise of conferring the Bharat Ratna on Savarkar.
Even the BJP had never asked for this recognition for the Hindutva icon in the past and had not talked about it during the five years of the Modi government at the Centre and the Devendra Fadnavis government in Maharashtra.
Statues of Bhagat Singh, Rajguru and Sukhdev at Shaheed Park in New Delhi. Shutterstock
The BJP and the Shiv Sena often tried to re-ignite the Savarkar debate during the Maharashtra election but never demanded the Bharat Ratna for him.
The bold promise now is being seen as an expression of the newfound confidence of the Sangh parivar because of its overwhelming political dominance in the country.
The Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh and the BJP have always suffered a crisis of legitimacy because of their ideological infirmities and association with incidents like Mahatma Gandhi’s assassination and the demolition of the disputed structure in Ayodhya.
Even Savarkar was always treated as a controversial figure because of the mercy petition he wrote to the British to get freedom even as other freedom fighters sacrificed their lives instead of surrendering to the oppressors.
Savarkar was supposed to be the mentor of Gandhi’s assassin Nathuram Godse and had also faced trial in the assassination case. He was acquitted for want of adequate evidence.
His hardcore Hindutva ideology, propagation of the two-nation theory and the objective of declaring India a Hindu rashtra also prevented him from gaining wider acceptability.
But giving him the Bharat Ratna will be a major project for the BJP government to accord greater legitimacy to its own ideology. Under these circumstances, Tewari has raised a major hurdle by demanding the Bharat Ratna for Bhagat Singh, Rajguru and Sukhdev whose sacrifice for the country bears no controversy or dispute.
They were hanged by the British and the entire country hails their martyrdom.
Earlier, Asaduddin Owaisi, the chief of the All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen (AIMIM), had also demanded the Bharat Ratna for Bhagat Singh, Rajguru and Sukhdev.
This trend of digging into history to demand the Bharat Ratna for heroes posthumously could prove problematic; even Mahatma Gandhi has not yet been given this highest civilian award.


Tamaqua students respond in big way
Students and staff in the Tamaqua area School District participated in a district-wide dress down day Friday to raise funds for Haitian earthquake victims. Representing the elementary schools at the announcement were Sarah McCabe, Brayden Knoblauch and Alexa Hromyak; representing the middle school were Kayla Miller, Amy Gardiner and Abby Machay; representing the high school were Geoff Sincavage, Karissa Hunara, Kayla Hope and Nicki Mateyak; and representing the district staff were RuthAnn Gardiner, high school principal; Christopher Czapla, middle school principal; James J. Fasnacht,assistant elementary principal; and Joan Nowak, district secretary. JOE PLASKO/TIMES NEWS
The devastating earthquake in Haiti has moved the worldwide community to offering assistance.
The students and staff of the Tamaqua Area School District are no exception.
"The images on TV of the victims made me want to cry," said Tamaqua Area High School Principal RuthAnn Gardiner. "They were very difficult to watch."
In order to help those victims, Tamaqua Area Schools asked for and received permission from the district's administration to hold a district-wide dress down day on Friday as a fundraiser for Haitian quake relief.
Normally, the district has a uniform dress code for its students, with the regular standard of dress including dress slacks or skirts and golf-style polar shirts, and only certain colors are permitted, such as navy blue or white shirts and navy or tan pants.
The dress down day gave the students a break from the uniforms. For $1, the high school and middle school students were allowed to wear jeans instead of dress slacks. At the high school, students could wear different colored shirts, while at the middle school, blue "spirit shirts" were in vogue.
According to Gardiner, the high school also offered an additional "Hoodies for Haiti" drive that, for an extra dollar, allowed students to wear their favorite hoodies to class. The hoodie is an item favored by students that is not allowed under the dress code, she noted.
Elementary students were allowed to participate in the dress down fundraiser if they donated a minium of 25 cents, added Gardiner. The end result was that over $4,000 was raised for the Haitian earthquake victims through the students' efforts.
"This was a Kindergarten through 12 grade fundraiser. I'm very proud of them for that," said Gardiner.
The funds will be donated to the American Red Cross to be distributed to the Haitian relief efforts, she stressed.


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This week’s focus takes us to just a few minutes outside of Three Forks, Montana downtown and only 35 minutes outside of Bozeman, Montana, to Missouri Headwaters State Park. The convergence of the Jefferson, Madison, and Gallatin rivers is the start of the longest river in North America, the Missouri River. Considered an essential part of the geography of the western U.S., Capt. Meriwether Lewis described this area as… “the country opens suddenly to extensive and beautiful plains and meadows which appear to be surrounded in every direction with distant and lofty mountains.”
Just outside of Three Forks, you’ll find Missouri Headwaters State Park, the confluence of the Madison, Jefferson, and Gallatin rivers which form the 2,300 mile Missouri River.
At Missouri Headwaters State Park, you can still find the area looking much as it did historically – with much of the region’s abundant wildlife, vegetation, and scenic beauty preserved – making it clear what has attracted people for thousands of years.
Did you know?
The three rivers that converge to form the Missouri River are named for President Thomas Jefferson, Secretary of State James Madison, and Treasury Secretary Albert Gallatin!
You won’t run out of activities at Missouri Headwaters!
✅ Looking to camp in history? There are 17 campsites available and you can even rent a tipi!
✅ Interpretive displays describing the area’s cultural and natural history can be found to help guide you!
✅ Take your bike for a spin on the many trails throughout the park!
✅ Not much of a biker? Use the trails for a scenic hike instead!
✅ Take a float down the river, you’ll have your choice of three!
✅ Visit Fort Rock to take a look at historic pictographs.
✅ Plus so much more!
The rich, fertile soil along with the proximity to fresh water, brought the Flathead, Bannock, and Shoshone Indians to the region and later trappers and settlers, and now this beautiful land has been preserved as a state park for visitors just like you.
Known for an abundance of wildlife, Missouri Headwaters State Park is a great place to explore, but don’t forget your bug spray!
In addition to its vast natural resources and outdoor activities, Missouri Headwaters State Park also boasts extensive cultural history – ranging from the tribes that lived there beginning 3,000 years ago to Lewis and Clark to fur traders to settlers.
In late July 1805, William Clark and a small number from the Corps of Discovery reached the Headwaters while scouting for Shoshone Indians, whom they hoped would sell them horses. It was Sacajawea, who recognized the area as where she was captured as a child by the Hidatsa, that led the expedition successfully there.
While at the confluence, Clark left a note for Meriwether Lewis to find, and later, Lewis Rock was named for him.
DID YOU KNOW?
Sacagawea was captured as a child in the area that the Missouri Headwaters State Park now exists and returned briefly during her expedition with the Corps of Discovery.
In addition to its history with the Corps of Discovery, you can also find the remnants of the long empty, western town of Gallatin City. Settlers convinced that commerce would arrive above Great Falls, Montana, and with hope to supply the gold camps in Virginia City, Montana, and Helena, Montana, Gallatin City was founded in 1862, a mere year before what is now Bozeman was platted out by John Bozeman.
The city eventually moved to the far side of the river as Gallatin City II, and later died when the Northern Pacific railroad decided to lay track south of town and making the hoped-for trade route no longer viable.
You can still see the original Gallatin City Hotel amongst other artifacts at Missouri Headwaters State Park.
Missouri Headwaters State Park features several miles of paths for walking, biking, and hiking, that traverses the old Gallatin City townsite along the banks of the rivers. This trail then leads you to the top of the bluff overlooking the river valley and a breathtaking view of the convergence of the rivers.
You’ll also find interpretive stations telling the history of the area from ancient times to the modern era throughout the park.
1585 Trident Road
Three Forks, MT 5975
Toilets (Flush & Vault)
How Does the Foundation Help State Parks Like Missouri Headwaters State Park?
As Montana State Parks’ only statewide fundraising partner, the Foundation helps to raise awareness, education, and most importantly support boots-on-the-ground improvement projects for users and supporters like you.
As an agency faced with a $22 million maintenance deficit, our work and collaboration help to ensure continued access and solutions currently inside our state park system.
Because in the end, we envision state parks that reflect Montana’s renowned outdoor recreation and heritage for all… forever.
You can support parks like Missouri Headwaters with Montana State Park License Plates or great State Parks gear available on our website.

domain: history