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Last week I decided to start a new photo project for 2018. I wanted something that would challenge me to not only shoot more often, but more importantly to be more selective about what I shoot and publish. I wanted this project to not only develop my photographer’s eye, but also nourish my soul, and maybe even inspire others.
I’ll admit that the last year has been stressful for me. I got way too caught up in the negative news cycle, in the nastiness that is American politics and discourse. This year I’m determined (dare I say “resolved”) to step away from all that as much as possible for the sake of my mental and spiritual health. I’m trying to remember that my circle of influence is actually pretty small, and that cluttering my mind with upsetting things that are out of my control is not beneficial to me.
That decision led me to the theme of this project, the Daily Zen. My goal is to shoot and post one photo each day, usually with my iPhone, that represents the ideas “simple” and “minimal”. This challenges me to look for things in my everyday life that are beautiful, peaceful and uncomplicated.
I’m posting these photos to a new Instagram account that I created, zen_of_zann, that I hope you will follow. They are posted with no explanation, only the hashtags #zen, #simple, and #minimal. My hope is that viewers will find them beautiful and interesting, and that they will offer the mind some space to breathe without being told what to think or feel.
Of course, the photos will also be posted here on this blog, along with my other work as I gear up to shoot more this year with my Nikons.
So that’s the story of the Daily Zen. Hope you enjoy the series.
Every new year calls for new resolutions, and this year mine is to seriously get back into my photography. For many reasons (I can’t really go into all of them yet), this is going to be an epic year for me and the hubby, and I want to make sure my skills and my equipment are ready to capture the moments ahead.
I recently went through my camera gear and sold a few things that I wasn’t using. I got rid of my Nikon D5000 and a couple of lenses, as well as a little point-and-shoot Canon camera that I had. I still have my Nikon D700, another point-and-shoot, a new GoPro Hero 5 Black, and my iPhone 8 Plus. Plenty of equipment and no real excuses for not getting behind a viewfinder.
It has been so long since I was really shooting a lot, and I found that I needed to go back to the basics, just to remember how the settings worked on the camera. I decided to challenge myself to do one photo or video shoot every weekend until I can feel confident enough to just grab the camera and go, without having to refer to the manual or fumble around with the buttons and menus. In addition, I’ve almost forgotten how to use my editing software (especially Lightroom), so that’s also part of my resolution for this year, to get my mojo back in the computer darkroom.
So, even though it technically was not the new year yet, I took my Nikon D700 out for a photo walk last Saturday morning, December 30, before the bitterly cold arctic front moved in. I challenged myself to shoot 100 images, and that’s what I did, walking around downtown Tupelo. There weren’t many people around, and I was there for a couple of hours, wandering through alleys and skulking around houses and businesses.
And I had so much fun! I had forgotten how satisfying it is to look for the beauty and/or interest in the everyday scenery of life. I didn’t limit myself to any one subject, I just shot things that caught my eye.
I spent some time over the past two days going through the images and doing some editing, trying to remember how to use some of my favorite tools (Curves, anyone?). Some images I processed both in color and in black-and-white (I shot everything in raw to make it more challenging and rewarding to edit). And then I picked out my favorite five (so far) and uploaded them to my Flickr site which has been sorely neglected for too long.
Here are my top five:
I’m really looking forward to more shooting this year! My plan is to take a different camera with me each weekend, including my video gear (GoPro, iPhone, and gimbals for each). Repetition and practice, shooting and editing, learning and exploring….that’s my plan for 2018!
I’m finally getting around to taking a look at the pictures we took on our last cruise, more than two weeks later. I’m a little late since I started a new job the day after we got back, so I’ve been a little preoccupied, but today I finally got a chance to check out the images.
We took two cameras with us, both point-and-shoots. One was our Coolpix S3500, a small pocket camera that actually does a decent job for snapshots. The second camera was our new Coolpix P530, which I purchased two days before we left on our cruise.
I wanted a camera that was sort of a hybrid between a point-and-shoot and a DSLR, so that Andy could use it as well. I wanted good quality photos, with a minimum of fuss. This model seems to fit the bill.
Here are some of the major technical specs:
- 16.1 MP Low-light CMOS Sensor
- 42X Zoom NIKKOR Lens and 84x with Dynamic Fine Zoom
- Full HD 1080p video
- Target-finding AF
- Full manual exposure control (also has aperture and shutter priority modes in addition to program modes)
When I’m on a cruise to someplace I’ve never been, I don’t like to spend a lot of time staring through a lens, since it’s easy to get too caught up in the photography and miss actually seeing the sights. So I only took a total of 133 images with this camera while we were on our trip. But I was very pleased with how they turned out. Here are a few examples, and you can view the entire album on Flickr by clicking here. All the photos are unedited JPG files, straight out of the camera.
Interior of the ship, the Carnival Elation, looking down into the main lobby from a couple of decks up in the atrium:
The ship in port in Cozumel, Mexico on a beautiful sunny day:
Took this shot from the Lido Deck looking down at one of the crew waiting to cast us off from Cozumel. The zoom lens on the camera is very steady and sharp!
Caught this image of a large iguana at the Uxmal Mayan Ruins in Yucatan, Mexico. Once again, the zoom lens did a great job, and this was in full program mode.
And here’s a wide-angle view of the ancient city:
So, after my first test run, I’m very pleased with this little camera! It will never replace my DSLR’s, but when I need a lightweight point-and-shoot to capture moments on the fly, this will be my go-to Nikon.
Look for me here!


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This award-winning collection of adapted classic literature and original stories develops reading skills for low-beginning through advanced students.
Dickens, Charles ; Bassett, Jennifer
Oxford University Press, USA
Accessible language and carefully controlled vocabulary build students' reading confidence.
Introductions at the beginning of each story, illustrations throughout, and glossaries help build comprehension.
Before, during, and after reading activities included in the back of each book strengthen student comprehension.
Audio versions of selected titles provide great models of intonation and pronunciation of difficult words.
Use left/right arrows to navigate the slideshow or swipe left/right if using a mobile device

domain: literature


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New tennis courts for Wells
Wells Town Tennis Club hosted the official opening of their new courts on July 20.Sponsors and club members were invited to celebrate the completion of two brand new all-weather tennis courts in the town's Gales Road.
Wells Town Tennis Club hosted the official opening of their new courts on July 20.
Sponsors and club members were invited to celebrate the completion of two brand new all-weather tennis courts in the town's Gales Road.
Thanks went to all the sponsors, including the Foundation for Sports and the Arts and Lottery funding from Awards for All and for the tireless efforts from committee members.
The courts were officially opened by Mary Bircham, honorary member and president of the club. Following the ceremony, a junior coaching session took place, highlighting the active involvement of all age groups within the club.
You may also want to watch:
The club is still accepting new members and also welcomes casual bookings for visitors.
For details, visit the website at www.wellstennisclub.co.uk or contact Deborah on 01328 710578.
- 1 WATCH: Delighted Delia Smith leads Canaries fans in Emi Buendia sing song
- 2 'Absolutely fantastic' - Mid-Norfolk pubs enjoy first Saturday back
- 3 Campaigner 'more convinced than ever' about new light rail link
- 4 Rescue drama as kayaker spotted 'clinging to a buoy'
- 5 'Thank you for everything' - How Norfolk marked Duke of Edinburgh's funeral
- 6 'That's when reality hit' - Footballer speaks about life changing weekend
- 7 'It's a dream' - Wedding shop opens up in Fakenham
- 8 Women released under investigation after pub fight
- 9 Vandals smash planters two days after gallery reopens
- 10 'Absolutely fantastic' - Wells welcomes back punters as lockdown eases

domain: news


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Dropkick Murphys are set to wrap up their very special acoustic This Machine…Theater Tour on November 19, but won’t be gone from the road for long as they gear up for their annual St. Patrick’s Day shows. Dropkick Murphys have now announced the full run of dates for Pega Presents…Dropkick Murphys St. Patrick’s Day 2023 Tour. The full-throttle rock tour launches March 1 in Charlotte and culminates with four hometown Boston shows, March 16, 17, 18 & 19. The Rumjacks and Jesse Ahern open most shows.
The DKM St. Patrick’s Day Tour’s hometown shows in Boston include March 16, 17 and 18 at the new MGM Music Hall at Fenway and March 19 at House Of Blues Boston. Very special guests Turnpike Troubadours join Dropkick Murphys for all three shows at MGM Music Hall at Fenway, while Nikki Lane also joins the bill on March 16. Tickets for March 17, 18 and 19 are sold out, but a limited number of tickets are still available for the March 16 show, which was added due to fan demand.
Tickets for the newly announced Dropkick Murphys St. Patrick’s Day 2023 Tour shows go on sale this Friday, November 18 at 10:00 AM local time in most markets. Visit www.DropkickMurphys.com to purchase tickets.
Dropkick Murphys’ current theater tour and new album This Machine Still Kills Fascists have received widespread praise from fans and media. In a recent show review, Americana Highways noted: “The record itself, backed by [Woody] Guthrie’s kindred, rebellious spirit, hit as hard as anything the Murphys have ever done…Throughout the show, the new songs hit as well as the old favorites.”
In a review of the new album This Machine Still Kills Fascists, No Depression summed up Dropkick Murphys\’ connection not only to Guthrie\’s lyrics but to his working class ethos: \”No current act has done more to preserve and advance the legacy of Woody Guthrie…Nearly 60 years since his death, the struggles of working men and women and political oppression continue unabated. Those in need remain unheard by people in power. But much like Woody Guthrie, Dropkick Murphys are still out there fighting the good fight.\”
As a special bonus for fans, on November 19 at 9 pm CT, Dropkick Murphys will live stream the last night of their current This Machine…Theater Tour from Nashville’s historic Ryman Auditorium, best known as the home of the Grand Ole Opry from 1943 to 1974. Tickets for this special live stream event are available at www.DropkickMurphys.com and include a 72-hour replay window.
Fans can also check out Dropkick Murphys online via their upcoming SiriusXM Outlaw Country Session, which premieres November 18 at 8:00 PM ET / 5:00 PM PT. Visit http://siriusxm.us/DKM to hear the performance.
Dropkick Murphys\’ album This Machine Still Kills Fascists (released via the band’s Dummy Luck Music / [PIAS]) is unlike anything they’ve done to date: A full album of songs that bring Woody Guthrie’s words to life. Not a tribute album or a collection of covers, This Machine Still Kills Fascists is a collaboration between Dropkick Murphys and Woody Guthrie – artists separated by time and space, but connected by a common philosophy – to create something entirely new.
Order the album here: https://dropkick-murphys.ffm.to/7reo1k8
The itinerary for Pega Presents…Dropkick Murphys St. Patrick’s Day 2023 Tour is as follows:
|Wed., Mar. 1||Charlotte, NC||Fillmore *|
|Thu., Mar. 2||Atlanta, GA||The Eastern *|
|Fri., Mar. 3||Orlando, FL||House of Blues *|
|Sat., Mar. 4||St. Petersburg, FL||Janus Live *|
|Sun., Mar. 5||Pensacola, FL||Vinyl Music Hall *|
|Tue., Mar. 7||Huntsville, AL||Mars Music Hall *|
|Wed., Mar. 8||Indianapolis, IN||Egyptian Room *|
|Fri., Mar. 10||Louisville, KY||Old Forester\’s Paristown Hall *|
|Sat., Mar. 11||Milwaukee, WI||UW Milwaukee Panther Arena (solo show)|
|Sun., Mar. 12||Grand Rapids, MI||20 Monroe *|
|Mon., Mar. 13||Columbus, OH||Kemba Live! *|
|Tue., Mar. 14||Wilkes-Barre, PA||Mohegan Sun Arena at Casey Plaza *|
|Thu., Mar. 16||Boston, MA||MGM Music Hall at Fenway **|
|Fri., Mar. 17||Boston, MA||MGM Music Hall at Fenway *** (SOLD OUT)|
|Sat., Mar. 18||Boston, MA||MGM Music Hall at Fenway **** (SOLD OUT)|
|Sun., Mar. 19||Boston, MA||House of Blues * (SOLD OUT)|

domain: entertainment


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A 10-year-old schoolgirl was left needing surgery after a TikTok trend left her with painful burns.
The youngster had been at a friend's sleepover when they both decided to try out a trend they had heard about on the social media platform, TikTok.
The trend involved using a deodorant to make your hand feel ice cold.
The girl's friend went first only spraying the can for a few seconds, before the other year 5 pupil had a go.
The second student held the can just an inch from her delicate skin and sprayed for around 10 seconds.
Her horrified mum told the Mirror: "10 seconds of stupidity has left her with two years of pain."
After trying to deal with the burn and pain themselves at home in Hertfordshire for the first 24 hours, the family ended up at hospital the next day.
The doctor referred them to a plastics team and said the wounds are likely to take 18-months to two years to heal completely, adding the girl could need plastic surgery.
The mum-of-three said: "They were just messing about with the deodorant can.
"I couldn't believe it when I saw her hands, I didn't know whether to laugh or cry. She's basically given herself frostbite.
"Her friend did it first, but not for as long and then she gave it a go.
"It was such a shock, because she is such a sensible little girl normally, she never gets in trouble, she's not one you need to tell off all the time.
"She just had a lapse of common sense."
The 39-year-old mum added that her daughter's summer is ruined as she can't go out in the sunshine with her burnt hands or jump into a swimming pool.
"She has been very quiet since, she has been in a lot of pain, but has gone straight back to school," she added.
In a warning to other parents she added: "Just keep reminding them not to take part in idiotic trends like this, those 10 seconds have ruined her next few years."
A TikTok spokeswoman said: "We care deeply about the safety and wellbeing of our community.
"We actively remove content that depicts dangerous challenges and prompt people who search for it to visit our Safety Centre, where they can find an in-app guide for engaging with an online challenge, developed with leading youth safety experts."


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Are you curious about the nutritional value of organic foods? You may have heard that organic foods are healthier, but what exactly does that mean?
Organic foods are grown without the use of synthetic pesticides, fertilizers, or genetically modified organisms (GMOs). This means that they are free from harmful chemicals that can be found in conventionally grown foods.
In addition to being free from harmful chemicals, organic foods have been found to have higher nutrient levels than conventionally grown foods. This is because organic farming practices focus on building healthy soil, which in turn produces healthier plants.
By choosing organic foods, you can ensure that you are getting the most nutrient-dense foods possible. In this article, we will explore the nutritional value of organic foods and the potential health benefits they may offer.
Definition of Organic Foods
You’re probably wondering what makes produce labeled as ‘organic’ different from the rest of the fruits and veggies at your local grocery store. Well, organic foods are grown and processed using specific farming practices that prioritize the health of the soil, ecosystem, and people.
Organic certification ensures that the food is free from synthetic pesticides, fertilizers, and genetically modified organisms (GMOs). To be certified organic, farmers must follow strict guidelines set by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). These guidelines include using natural fertilizers, rotating crops, and controlling pests through natural means.
Organic farmers also avoid using antibiotics and growth hormones on their animals. This means that organic foods are not only better for the environment but also for your health. By choosing organic foods, you are not only supporting sustainable farming practices but also consuming food that is better for your health and the environment.
Higher Nutrient Levels
When it comes to higher nutrient levels, organic produce is the clear winner. This is because of the way organic farming practices help to improve nutrient absorption in plants.
Organic farmers focus on building healthy soil through composting, crop rotation, and other methods that help to maintain soil fertility. This results in crops that are more nutrient-dense than their conventionally-grown counterparts.
In addition to the farming practices used in organic agriculture, the lack of synthetic pesticides and fertilizers can also contribute to higher nutrient levels in organic produce. Many of these chemicals can interfere with nutrient absorption in plants, which can lead to lower nutrient levels in conventionally-grown crops.
By avoiding these chemicals, organic farmers are able to produce crops that are not only healthier for consumers but also for the environment.
Overall, choosing organic produce is a great way to ensure you’re getting the most nutrient-dense fruits and vegetables available. By supporting organic farming practices, you not only benefit yourself but also help to promote sustainable agriculture and protect the environment.
So next time you’re at the grocery store, consider reaching for the organic options to give your body the nutrients it needs to thrive.
Lower Levels of Harmful Chemicals
It’s important to know that choosing organic produce can help reduce your exposure to harmful chemicals commonly found in conventionally-grown fruits and vegetables. Chemical-free farming practices are utilized in the production of organic foods, which means that farmers don’t use synthetic pesticides, fertilizers, or genetically modified organisms.
The organic certification process ensures that the foods are grown and processed without the use of harmful chemicals or practices.
Here are four ways in which choosing organic foods can reduce your exposure to harmful chemicals:
- Organic foods are grown without the use of synthetic pesticides, which means that you aren’t consuming any harmful chemicals that may have been used to kill insects or pests.
- Organic farmers don’t use synthetic fertilizers, which means that the soil isn’t contaminated with chemicals that may have seeped into the produce.
- Organic produce isn’t genetically modified, which means that it isn’t altered in any way that could potentially be harmful.
- Organic foods aren’t processed with harmful chemicals, such as preservatives or artificial colors, which means that you’re consuming food that’s as close to its natural state as possible.
By choosing organic foods, you can significantly reduce your exposure to harmful chemicals commonly found in conventionally-grown fruits and vegetables. Organic farming practices and certification processes ensure that you’re consuming food that’s grown and processed without the use of harmful chemicals or practices. So, the next time you’re at the grocery store, consider choosing organic produce for a healthier and safer option.
As you stroll through the farmers’ market, take a moment to appreciate the vibrant, lush environment that surrounds you. By choosing locally grown organic produce, you’re not only benefiting your health but also doing your part to support sustainable farming practices and protect our planet.
Sustainable farming practices aim to reduce the carbon footprint left behind by conventional agriculture, which contributes to climate change. Organic farming practices such as crop rotation, composting, and natural pest control methods help reduce the amount of greenhouse gases released into the atmosphere. This is because organic farming methods don’t rely on synthetic fertilizers and pesticides that require large amounts of energy to produce. Additionally, organic soils have higher levels of organic matter, which helps to sequester carbon from the atmosphere, thus reducing the carbon footprint.
By choosing organic foods, you’re also supporting farmers who prioritize environmental stewardship. Sustainable farmers work to conserve water, protect soil health, and promote biodiversity on their land. They use practices that reduce soil erosion and protect wildlife habitats. In doing so, they’re preserving the health and productivity of the land for future generations.
So, the next time you choose organic produce, remember that you’re not only nourishing your body but also supporting a healthier planet.
Potential Health Benefits
Eating locally-grown produce can have a positive impact on your health, especially when it comes to choosing organic over conventional. Organic foods are grown without the use of synthetic pesticides and fertilizers, which can potentially have harmful effects on your body. By choosing organic, you’re reducing the amount of toxins and chemicals that you’re ingesting, which can have a positive impact on your overall health.
One of the potential health benefits of choosing organic foods is the impact they can have on your gut health. Your gut is home to trillions of bacteria, and maintaining a healthy balance of these bacteria is essential for your overall health. Studies have shown that organic foods contain higher levels of beneficial bacteria than conventionally grown foods. This can lead to improved digestion, stronger immune function, and a reduced risk of certain diseases.
In addition to the potential health benefits, choosing organic can also have a positive impact on the environment. Organic farming practices prioritize soil health and biodiversity, which can lead to healthier ecosystems and a more sustainable food system overall. By making the choice to support organic farmers and local producers, you’re not only benefiting your own health but also contributing to a healthier planet.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
What does ‘organic food’ mean?
Organic foods are grown without synthetic pesticides, fertilizers, or genetically modified organisms (GMOs). They follow specific farming practices that prioritize the health of the soil, ecosystem, and people. This is certified by organizations like the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) following stringent guidelines.
How are organic foods different from conventionally grown foods?
Organic foods differ from conventionally grown foods in terms of farming practices. Organic farming avoids the use of synthetic pesticides, fertilizers, GMOs, antibiotics, and growth hormones, focusing instead on healthy soil building and natural pest control methods.
Why are organic foods said to have higher nutrient levels?
The farming practices used in organic agriculture help improve nutrient absorption in plants. Organic farmers build healthy soil through composting, crop rotation, and other methods, resulting in more nutrient-dense crops compared to their conventionally-grown counterparts.
What does ‘chemical-free farming’ mean?
Chemical-free farming refers to the practice of growing and processing food without synthetic pesticides, fertilizers, or GMOs. This is a key characteristic of organic farming.
How can choosing organic foods reduce exposure to harmful chemicals?
Organic foods are grown without synthetic pesticides or fertilizers and are not genetically modified. This means that they don’t contain potentially harmful chemicals used in conventional farming. Also, organic foods are not processed with harmful preservatives or artificial colors.
How do organic foods benefit the environment?
Organic farming practices aim to reduce carbon footprint, conserve water, protect soil health, promote biodiversity, and use methods that reduce soil erosion. These practices are environmentally friendly, leading to healthier ecosystems and sustainable food systems.
Are there health benefits to choosing organic foods?
Yes, organic foods are believed to offer various health benefits, including reduced exposure to harmful chemicals, a healthier gut due to higher levels of beneficial bacteria, improved digestion, stronger immune function, and potential risk reduction of certain diseases.
Are organic foods better tasting than conventionally grown foods?
Taste is subjective, but some people report that organic foods taste fresher and more vibrant due to their higher nutrient levels and absence of synthetic chemicals.
What does choosing organic mean for the consumer?
By choosing organic, consumers support sustainable farming practices, reduce exposure to harmful chemicals, and potentially gain health benefits. They are also likely to consume foods that are higher in nutrients.
So, now you understand why organic foods are gaining popularity. By choosing to eat organic, you’re choosing to consume food that’s free from harmful chemicals and higher in nutrient levels. You’re also supporting environmentally sustainable practices and potentially reaping health benefits.
For example, let’s say you decide to switch to organic spinach. You may find that it tastes fresher and has a more vibrant color. You may also notice that after eating it, you feel more energized and satisfied. This is because spinach has higher levels of nutrients such as vitamin C, iron, and magnesium, which can contribute to improved health.
By choosing organic, you’re making a conscious decision to nourish your body with the best possible food.

domain: food


The Rural Payments Agency (RPA) has come under pressure to iron out the creases which remain with 2015 BPS payments.
With less than three months until the 2016 payment window opens, the NFU has raised concerns after its members said they did not have the confidence the RPA would deliver.
NFU vice president Guy Smith said: “Travelling round the country talking to farmers and agents, it is staggering just how many feel BPS 2015 is far from complete or resolved. 15 months on from when these claims were submitted and just three months away from the opening of the 2016 payment window, the atmosphere is best described as fraught.
“As we enter a third year of low commodity prices, cash-flow problems are becoming compounded and the impact of delayed BPS or Higher Level Stewardship (HLS)/Entry Level Stewardship (ELS) payments becomes more pronounced. This is causing real stress and serious hardship.”
The RPA announced it was on track to resolve farmers’ 2015 BPS payment queries and had all the resources to begin 2016 payments from December 1. However the NFU have urged the RPA to issue entitlement statements to inform farmers of necessary information before their BPS 2016 payments arrive.
Mr Smith said the NFU had always doubted there were only 13,500 underpayment cases to be resolved and feared there were many more the system had not picked up.
“Ultimately, there are a lot of questions,” added Mr Smith. “The RPA needs to up its game on communicating to farmers the outcomes of 2015 land-based inspections and the outcome of the payment reconciliation work and support if farmers wish to challenge the RPA’s confirmed position, so they can at least know the status of their previous claims.
“Despite our doubts over the promise that 90 per cent of 2016 payments will be made by the end of December we are determined to hold the RPA to it. If between now and the opening of the payment window in December we see any backtracking on that promise then we will call on Defra to issue bridging payments instead.”
Anyone who has a query with their BPS payment can contact the agency for investigation on 03000 200 301.


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KC Fashion Week brings spotlight to local designers
(Page 2 of 3)
“That’s kind of why we’re here – to help the designers in the industry become more well-known and to help start their business and help establish designers in the Midwest,” Barber said. “It really just helps get their name out there. They don’t have a lot of opportunity if they’re a brand-new designer to show their designs. A lot of them (new designers) don’t know about the business of fashion. Being with more established designers (at the fashion events), I think they learn a lot from them and from actually having to put on a fashion production.”
Before the event, Kansas City Fashion Week officials usually invite buyers from stores to attend, which creates the potential for a designer to have his or her lines featured in clothing stores, she said. Buyers won’t be at the spring fashion week, but they will be attending the fall show, she said. Although officials have contacted local stores in the past, they’re hoping to also garner national buyers for the fall show.
For Cochon, exposure from Kansas City Fashion Week is priceless.
“You’re reaching such a wide range of people,” she said. “There are so many different reasons that people attend Fashion Week that I feel there are clients I wouldn’t have known if it weren’t for a venue like Fashion Week, where I’m able to communicate directly with them and come out from backstage after shows. It’s a little different than your average marketplace.”
The ambiance and energy of the runway shows influence customers, she said. It gives them a chance to see clothing and accessories on real people. It’s a definite bonus for Cochon, who said she creates bold and bright jewelry for customers who don’t want to blend in. When attendees see her jewelry on models with everyday, simple clothing, it begins to change their perception of what they “can and cannot pull off,” she said.
Leslie covers retail and restaurants, and creates Web stories and other online content.
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Bill Johnston is Director of the Polish Studies Center at Indiana University and associate professor of comparative literature and second language studies. He is one of the leading translators of Polish literature in North America. He has held fellowships with both the National Endowment for the Arts and the National Endowment for the Humanities, and in 2004 was awarded the Diploma of the Polish Foreign Ministry for promoting Polish culture abroad.
He translates both prose and poetry. Amongst his numerous translations are Juliusz Słowacki's Balladina, Witold Gombrowicz's Bacacay, Krzysztof Kamil Baczyński's White Magic and Other Poems, and Stefan Żeromski's The Faithful River. Professor Johnston will speak on the challenges of translating culture and discuss issues of identity.
In April, 2008, Professor Johnston received the first FOUND IN TRANSLATION AWARD for his translation of New Poems by Tadeusz Rozewicz (Archipelago Books, March 2007), a collection of Rozewicz’s three latest volumes in their entirety: Recycling, The Professor’s Penknife, and The Gray Zone. The award was established by the Polish Book Institute in Krakow, the Polish Cultural Institute in London, the Polish Cultural Institute in New York, and the W.A.B. Publishers in Warsaw, an annual award for the best translation of a work of Polish literature in the preceding year.


text:
|Year : 2018 | Volume
| Issue : 4 | Page : 353-358
Window of implantation is significantly displaced in patients with adenomyosis with previous implantation failure as determined by endometrial receptivity assay
Nalini Mahajan1, Simrandeep Kaur2, Maria Ruiz Alonso3
1 Director, Mother and Child Hospital, Delhi, India
2 Associate Consultant, Mother and Child Hospital, Delhi, India
3 Lab Manager, Endometrial Receptivity Department, IGENOMIX, Spain
|Date of Web Publication||28-Dec-2018|
Dr. Nalini Mahajan
Mother and Child Hospital, D-59 Defence Colony, New Delhi - 110 024
Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None
| Abstract|| |
Background: Adenomyosis is associated with implantation failure and poor reproductive performance in IVF/ICSI cycles. Aims: To compare if window of implantation (WOI) is displaced in patients having adenomyosis compared to controls using endometrial receptivity array (ERA) test. Settings and Design: Retrospective Case control study. 374 patients with previous one or more IVF failures who underwent ERA test between 2013-2016 at our centre were enrolled. Patients were divided into two groups; Group A-36 patients with adenomyosis (study group) and Group B- 338 patients without adenomyosis (controls). Statistical Analysis: Normality assumptions for continuous variables were tested using Kolmogorov Smirnov test. Mean values of two groups were compared using Student's t-independent test. Frequency data by categories were compared using Chi-square/Fisher's exact test. Risk ratio and 95% confidence limits were calculated. P < 0.05 was considered for statistical significance. Results: WOI was displaced (Non Receptive ERA) significantly in adenomyosis 47.2% (17/36) compared to controls 21.6% (73/338) (P < 0.001, CI-8.7%-42.5%) making risk ratio of displaced WOI in adenomyosis versus controls to be 2:1. The incidence of RIF was 66.6% in adenomyosis compared to 34.9% in controls (P < 0.001, CI- 15.5%-47.9%). Pregnancy rate after personalized embryo transfer in adenomyosis group was 62.5%, signifying displaced WOI as a cause of implantation failure in adenomyosis patients with previous implantation failure. Conclusions: Our study suggests it is prudent to evaluate Endometrial receptivity before embryo transfer in patients with adenomyosis to avoid wastage of good embryos.
Keywords: Adenomyosis, endometrial receptivity assay, in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection, pregnancy
|How to cite this article:|
Mahajan N, Kaur S, Alonso MR. Window of implantation is significantly displaced in patients with adenomyosis with previous implantation failure as determined by endometrial receptivity assay. J Hum Reprod Sci 2018;11:353-8
|How to cite this URL:|
Mahajan N, Kaur S, Alonso MR. Window of implantation is significantly displaced in patients with adenomyosis with previous implantation failure as determined by endometrial receptivity assay. J Hum Reprod Sci [serial online] 2018 [cited 2022 Sep 28];11:353-8. Available from: https://www.jhrsonline.org/text.asp?2018/11/4/353/248944
| Introduction|| |
Adenomyosis is a disorder characterized by the presence of endometrial glands and stroma within the myometrium. The glandular invasion induces local myometrial hyperplasia leading to diffused or localized enlargement of the uterus. Studies have shown an association of adenomyosis with infertility, and poor reproductive performance in assisted reproduction technology (ART). An increase in implantation failure and miscarriage rates has been reported by some authors,,,,,,, while others have not been able to confirm these results.,, The prevalence of adenomyosis ranges from 8% to 27%, being higher in older women, women with recurrent pregnancy loss and recurrent implantation failure (RIF). Screening for adenomyosis before ART has been advocated to initiate patient counseling and to optimize ART protocols.
Failure of implantation in adenomyosis has been attributed to altered uterine peristaltic activity, impaired endometrial receptivity (ER), alterations in the embryo-endometrial cross-talk, and defective decidualization. ER studies have identified defects in the expression of important implantation factors such as leukemia-inhibiting factor (LIF), HOX 10, and integrins that may play a role in the implantation failure associated with adenomyosis. The role of immune system in implantation failure is widely accepted though the exact mechanisms involved are yet to be elucidated. A statistically significant increase in the density of macrophages and natural killer cells has been demonstrated in the endometrial stroma of women with adenomyosis compared to women with mild focal adenomyosis or no disease.
The diagnosis of ER poses a challenge with most available tests lacking accuracy and predictive value. In recent years, microarray technology has allowed identification of the transcriptomic signature of the window of implantation (WOI) leading to the development of an ER assay (ERA) for the diagnosis of altered ER. ERA is an authenticated diagnostic assay that evaluates the expression of 238 selected genes which play a critical role in the development of ER during the WOI. The accuracy and consistency of this assay have been established, and results are reproducible up to 3 years after the first ERA test. This test determines the duration of progesterone exposure required by the endometrium to reach a receptive status and thus aids in creating a personalized WOI for frozen embryo transfer (ET), thereby improving reproductive performance in patients with RIF., A recent study on global transcriptomics by Herndon et al. has found an altered transcriptome of proliferative endometrium in women with adenomyosis compared to controls. The aim of our study was to determine if the WOI was displaced in patients with adenomyosis who had one or more implantation failures in in vitro fertilization (IVF)-ET, using ERA.
| Materials and Methods|| |
A retrospective case–control analysis of the data was done. A total of 374 patients with previous one or more IVF failures who underwent ERA test at our center between 2013 and 2016 were included in the study. The patients were divided into two groups; Group A – 36 patients with adenomyosis (study group) and Group B – 338 patients without adenomyosis (controls). Aims of the study were:
- To compare the alterations in ER between patients having adenomyosis (Group A) and no adenomyosis (Group B) using the ERA test
- To compare the incidence of RIF between patients having adenomyosis (Group A) and patients with no adenomyosis (Group B).
Patients with one or more failed frozen ET cycles in women with normal ovarian reserve (follicle-stimulating hormone <8, antral follicle count >10, and anti-mullerian hormone >2 ng/ml) were included in the study. All transfers had been done in a hormone replacement cycle with good quality day 3 or day 5 embryos. Failed cycles done outside our unit were included only if they were done at a reputed center and embryo grading was available for scrutiny.
Patients with uncorrected uterine and adnexal pathology, for example, hydrosalpinx, submucous polyps or myomas, history of a previous difficult ET, poor embryo quality, and endometrium <7 mm, were excluded as these factors could have contributed to implantation failure.
Ethical approval was not required as it was a retrospective analysis of data.
Diagnosis of adenomyosis
Adenomyosis was diagnosed on two-dimensional/thre-imensional ultrasound using previously defined criteria., The diagnosis was confirmed in doubtful cases by magnetic resonance imaging. Both diffuse and focal adenomyosis groups were included in the study. Any two of the following four ultrasound criteria were used to define diffuse adenomyosis: (1) globulous aspect of the uterus, not caused by fibroids or other uterine pathology; (2) uterine asymmetry or thickening of the anterior uterine wall versus the posterior, or vice versa; (3) irregular junctional zone (JZ) or increased JZ thickness with the presence of intramyometrial cysts; and (4) myometrial striations. Adenomyoma was defined as a heterogeneous nodular mass lacking well-defined margins and without internal calcifications.
Diagnosis of displaced window of implantation
ERA analyzes the expression levels of 238 genes linked to the status of ER; using RNA sequencing taken from the endometrial tissue. Following analysis, a specific computational predictor classifies the samples according to their expression profile as receptive or nonreceptive (NR). The NR endometrium is further classified as pre- or post-receptive meaning that the endometrium has not reached the receptive phase yet or has already passed it, respectively., Results may also suggest a narrow WOI, for example, postreceptive at P + 5 and prereceptive at P + 4 implying the implantation window remaining open for <24 h.,
Definition of recurrent implantation failure
RIF was defined as failure of implantation after two ET cycles, where the cumulative number of transferred embryos was not <4 for cleavage stage embryos and not <2 for blastocyst, with all embryos being of good quality and of appropriate developmental stage.
All patients underwent the ERA test in a hormone replacement cycle (HRT cycle). Estradiol valerate (Progynova, Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd, India) was started in a dose of 2 mg, this was increased to 6 mg or more till an appropriate endometrial thickness (≥7 mm) was achieved. Vaginal progesterone (P) suppository 400 mg (Gestone, Ferring Pharmaceutical, Saint-prex, Switzerland) twice a day was then started for 5 days (P + 5). Serum progesterone level was checked, and a cutoff value of ≤0.9 ng/mL was taken to start P administration. ERA testing was canceled if serum progesterone level was ≥1 ng/mL because high endogenous progesterone levels compromise the result of the test. Endometrial biopsies (EB) were collected from the uterine cavity with the use of Pipelle catheters (Gynetics) on day P + 5 in an HRT cycle and sent to Igenomix, Valencia, Spain for analysis.
The day of the EB in HRT cycle is after 5 full days ofP impregnation, that is on the 6th day (120 h after the first progesterone intake). After the biopsy, the endometrial tissue was transferred to a cryotube containing 1.5 mL RNA stabilizing agent (Qiagen), vigorously shaken for a few seconds, and kept at 4°C in refrigerator for 4 h. Care was taken that the tissue was adequate and well immersed in the fluid provided. A repeat ERA sample with changed number of days of P administration was performed on the day recommended by the laboratory, P + 4 (for the previous postreceptive result at P + 5), P + 6, or P + 7 (for previous prereceptive results at P + 5). Personalized ET (pET) was carried out based on the timing suggested by the report. Two good quality blastocysts were transferred under ultrasound guidance.
Normality assumptions for continuous variables were tested using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. For approximate to normally distributed data, descriptive statistics, such as mean, standard deviation, and range values, were calculated. Qualitative variables were expressed as frequency and percent values. Mean values of two groups were compared using the Student's t-independent test. Frequency data by categories were compared using the Chi-square/Fisher's exact test. Risk ratio and 95% confidence limits were calculated. All data analyses were carried out using Statistical Product Service solutions software IBM version 21.0. A two-sided probability of P < 0.05 was considered for statistical significance.
| Results|| |
Basic demographic parameters were comparable in two groups. Mean age and body mass index of patients in adenomyosis (Group A) were 34.9 years and 27.8 kg/m2, while in controls (Group B), it was 33.7 years and 25.7 kg/m2, which was not statistically significant (P = 0.157 and 0.123, respectively) [Table 1].
In Group A (patients with adenomyosis), the WOI was displaced (NR ERA result) in 47.2% (17/36) of patients while in Group B (patients without adenomyosis) only 21.6% (73/338) of patients showed a NR ERA, which was statistically significant (P < 0.001, confidence interval [CI] - 8.7%–42.5%). Hence, the risk ratio of a displaced WOI in adenomyosis versus controls was 2:1 [Table 2].
Of 17 patients with displaced WOI in adenomyosis group, eight patients had prereceptive ERA, and nine patients had postreceptive ERA.
Further, a subgroup analysis was done to compare the incidence of RIF between the adenomyosis (Group A) and controls (Group B). The incidence of RIF was 66.7% (24/36) in adenomyosis (Group A) and 35% (118/338) in controls (Group B) which was statistically significant (P < 0.001, CI - 15.5%–47.9%) [Table 3].
We also looked at the pregnancy rate (PR) in the adenomyosis group though this was not the part of the study design. Of the 36 patients in the adenomyosis group, 35 patients completed ET. The overall PR in this group was 62.9% (22/35), with a live birth rate of 28.5% (10/35) defined as number of deliveries that resulted in liveborn neonate per 100 ET cycles, early pregnancy loss (EPL) of 36.3% (8/22), and biochemical PR of 18.1% (4/22).
Out of 17 patients with NR ERA (displaced WOI) in this group, 16 completed pET with a PR of 62.5% (10/16) [Table 4]. However, there was a high first-trimester miscarriage rate of 40% (4/10), and 20% (2/10) of patients had a biochemical pregnancy in the pET group.
|Table 4: Pregnancy outcome in patients with adenomyosis (Group A) after pET|
Click here to view
The overall PR in the control group of patients who completed ET (216/338) was 63.9% with a live birth rate of 45.8% defined as a number of deliveries that resulted in liveborn neonate per 100 ET cycles, an EPL of 16% with a biochemical PR of 12.7%. The PR for patients with altered WOI in the control group of patients who completed pET (50/73) was 68.5%.
| Discussion|| |
Adenomyosis an estrogen-responsive disorder is associated with infertility and implantation failure in IVF. Conflicting reports regarding reproductive outcome in patients with adenomyosis using ART have intensified the search for molecular or clinical markers of ER. Impaired ER and decidualization are considered important causative factors. Oocyte donor-recipient cycles have often been used as an ideal model to differentiate between an endometrial or embryonic factor for a negative outcome in IVF. Using this model, Martínez-Conejero et al., reported a decreased live birth rate and a doubling of miscarriage rate in recipients with adenomyosis, suggesting thereby that the initial stages of embryo invasion and placentation may be disrupted. Sudoma demonstrated retardation in pinopode formation in >45% of patients with adenomyosis in his study. Studies at a molecular and genetic level have identified defects in expression of integrin β3, osteopontin, LIF, an impairment of HOXA-10 gene function, and induction of inflammatory factors within the endometrium during the WOI. Zhihong et al. demonstrated that macrophages, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 were expressed differently in the endometrium of women with adenomyosis within the WOI during ovarian stimulation. They postulated that cytokines of endometrial secretions are expressed differently in patients with adenomyosis and may contribute to impaired endometrium receptivity in these patients. The role of oxidative stress in infertility and miscarriage is elucidated by a persistent overexpression of superoxide dismutase in patients with endometriosis and adenomyosis.
An overexpression of aromatase P450 has also been found in the endometrium of women with adenomyosis and has been implicated in implantation failure. Pretreatment with GnRH agonist, which reduces the hyperestrogenic milieu, is known to improve PR's. Transcriptomic analysis of endometrium in a mouse adenomyosis model revealed that the expression of estrogen-linked genes, such as Tff1 and Sprr2a1, was significantly decreased in mice treated with a GnRH agonist.
Global transcriptomics studies of isolated human eutopic endometrium found that the transcriptomes of proliferative endometrium revealed 140 upregulated and 884 downregulated genes in samples from women with adenomyosis compared to controls. Genes that were highly differentially expressed included those involved in regulation of apoptosis, steroid hormone responsiveness, and proteins involved in extracellular matrix remodeling.
We undertook this study to see if WOI is displaced in patients with adenomyosis with previous one or more IVF failures compared to patients with no adenomyosis using the ERA test. Our results suggest that the WOI is displaced significantly in patients with adenomyosis (47.2%) compared to the no adenomyosis (control) group (21.6%) (P < 0.001). Our results suggested that the risk of finding a NR ERA, i.e., a displaced WOI among adenomyosis patients was two times higher (47.2%) than controls (21.6%); risk ratio of 2:1. This could explain in part the lowered pregnancy and implantation rates reported in adenomyosis.
The subgroup analysis of patients in our study revealed that the incidence of RIF in adenomyosis group (66.7%; 24/36) was significantly higher than controls (34.9.0%; 118/338); (P < 0.001, CI - 15.5%–47.9%). Among the RIF adenomyosis group, ERA was found NR (displaced WOI) in 66.7% (16/24), suggesting that an altered ER in adenomyosis is involved in the recurrent failure of implantation.
Out of 36 patients with adenomyosis (Group A), 35 underwent ET. The overall PR in adenomyosis group was 62.9% (22/35), with a live birth rate of 28.5% (10/35), EPL of 36.3% (8/22), and biochemical PR of 18.2% (4/22). Martínez-Conejero et al. also reported a lower live birth rate and high miscarriage rate in adenomyosis patients which they hypothesized could be a result of unknown molecular mechanisms related to trophoblastic invasion or the establishment of pregnancy.
Out of 36 patients with adenomyosis (Group A), 17 patients had displaced WOI. Of 17 patients with displaced WOI (NR ERA), 16 patients underwent pET, resulting in PR of 62.5% (10/16), which is higher than reported by earlier studies and meta-analysis by Vercellini et al., in 2014 who reported clinical PR after IVF/intracytoplasmic sperm injection to be 40.5% in women with adenomyosis versus 49.8% in those without adenomyosis, thus signifying the improvement of clinical PR after pET in adenomyosis. Miscarriage rate in our study in this group was 40% (4/10), this higher miscarriage rate could be due to small numbers in the study.
Our study highlights the importance of displaced WOI as a cause of implantation failure in patients with adenomyosis who have experienced one or more IVF failures. Considering the high risk (2:1) of displaced WOI in adenomyosis, it might be prudent to evaluate ER by an ERA test before proceeding to ET to avoid wastage of good embryos.
| Conclusion|| |
Patients with adenomyosis having one or more implantation failures in IVF exhibit a displaced WOI as determined using the ERA test, with a risk ratio of 2:1 compared to controls. pET should be performed in such patients after correcting the WOI to improve reproductive outcome in IVF.
Financial support and sponsorship
Conflicts of interest
There are no conflicts of interest.
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Uterine adenomyosis and in vitro
fertilization outcome: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Hum Reprod 2014;29:964-77.
Kissler S, Hamscho N, Zangos S, Wiegratz I, Schlichter S, Menzel C, et al.
Uterotubal transport disorder in adenomyosis and endometriosis – A cause for infertility. BJOG 2006;113:902-8.
Jiang Y, Jiang R, Cheng X, Zhang Q, Hu Y, Zhang H, et al.
Decreased expression of NR4A nuclear receptors in adenomyosis impairs endometrial decidualization. Mol Hum Reprod 2016;22:655-68.
Tremellen KP, Russell P. The distribution of immune cells and macrophages in the endometrium of women with recurrent reproductive failure. II: Adenomyosis and macrophages. J Reprod Immunol 2012;93:58-63.
Talbi S, Hamilton AE, Vo KC, Tulac S, Overgaard MT, Dosiou C, et al.
Molecular phenotyping of human endometrium distinguishes menstrual cycle phases and underlying biological processes in normo-ovulatory women. Endocrinology 2006;147:1097-121.
Díaz-Gimeno P, Horcajadas JA, Martínez-Conejero JA, Esteban FJ, Alamá P, Pellicer A, et al.
Agenomic diagnostic tool for human endometrial receptivity based on the transcriptomic signature. Fertil Steril 2011;95:50-60, 60.e1-15.
Díaz-Gimeno P, Ruiz-Alonso M, Blesa D, Bosch N, Martínez-Conejero JA, Alamá P, et al.
The accuracy and reproducibility of the endometrial receptivity array is superior to histology as a diagnostic method for endometrial receptivity. Fertil Steril 2013;99:508-17.
Ruiz-Alonso M, Blesa D, Díaz-Gimeno P, Gómez E, Fernández-Sánchez M, Carranza F, et al.
The endometrial receptivity array for diagnosis and personalized embryo transfer as a treatment for patients with repeated implantation failure. Fertil Steril 2013;100:818-24.
Mahajan N. Endometrial receptivity array: Clinical application. J Hum Reprod Sci 2015;8:121-9.
] [Full text]
Herndon CN, Aghajanova L, Balayan S, Erikson D, Barragan F, Goldfien G, et al.
Global transcriptome abnormalities of the eutopic endometrium from women with adenomyosis. Reprod Sci 2016;23:1289-303.
Devlieger R, D'Hooghe T, Timmerman D. Uterine adenomyosis in the infertility clinic. Hum Reprod Update 2003;9:139-47.
Polanski LT, Baumgarten MN, Quenby S, Brosens J, Campbell BK, Raine-Fenning NJ, et al.
What exactly do we mean by 'recurrent implantation failure'? A systematic review and opinion. Reprod Biomed Online 2014;28:409-23.
Sudoma I. The evaluation of pinopode formation in patients with adenomyosis. Fertil Steril 2002;77:S27.
Yang JH, Wu MY, Chang DY, Chang CH, Yang YS, Ho HN, et al.
Increased interleukin-6 messenger RNA expression in macrophage-cocultured endometrial stromal cells in adenomyosis. Am J Reprod Immunol 2006;55:181-7.
Zhihong N, Yun F, Pinggui Z, Sulian Z, Zhang A. Cytokine profiling in the eutopic endometrium of adenomyosis during the implantation window after ovarian stimulation. Reprod Sci 2016;23:124-33.
Ota H, Igarashi S, Hatazawa J, Tanaka T. Immunohistochemical assessment of superoxide dismutase expression in the endometrium in endometriosis and adenomyosis. Fertil Steril 1999;72:129-34.
Harada T, Khine YM, Kaponis A, Nikellis T, Decavalas G, Taniguchi F, et al.
The impact of adenomyosis on women's fertility. Obstet Gynecol Surv 2016;71:557-68.
Park CW, Choi MH, Yang KM, Song IO. Pregnancy rate in women with adenomyosis undergoing fresh or frozen embryo transfer cycles following gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist treatment. Clin Exp Reprod Med 2016;43:169-73.
Guo S, Lu X, Gu R, Zhang D, Sun Y, Feng Y, et al.
Transcriptome analysis of endometrial tissues following GnRH agonist treatment in a mouse adenomyosis model. Drug Des Devel Ther 2017;11:695-704.
[Table 1], [Table 2], [Table 3], [Table 4]
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| ||Scientific Programming. 2021; 2021: 1 |
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||Proteomic Analysis of Uterine Tissues During Peri-Implantation Period in Mice with Experimentally Induced Adenomyosis that Treated with anti-Ngf: Implications for Cell-Cell Adhesion and Metabolic Processes
| ||Yan Li, Dan Zhang, Bailing Jin, Lan Xia, Aijun Zhang |
| ||Reproductive Sciences. 2021; 28(1): 207 |
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||Does personalized embryo transfer based on era improve the outcomes in patients with thin endometrium and Rif in Self Versus Donor Programme?
| ||Selvaraj Priya, Selvaraj Kamala, Sivakumar Mahalakshmi, Chandrasekar Hamini |
| ||Journal of Gynecological Research and Obstetrics. 2020; : 076 |
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domain: medical


Program Name: Classic Organ Works MIDI Medic
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Date Released: July 02, 2011
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License: Freeware | Price: $0.00 | Size: 1.9 MB | Downloads (200)
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text:
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A few days ago leaked images of the purported Samsung Galaxy A8 2016 were seen online in what appeared to be an enlarged Galaxy S7.
Before this, there had been leaked benchmarks regarding the hardware and software specs of the Galaxy A8 2016, but none of them have since been confirmed by the South Korean tech giant. Now, in a new turn of events, the phone has once again surfaced through the AnTuTu benchmarking site, giving out a clear view of what to expect when the phone is unveiled later this year.
According to the benchmarks, the upcoming Samsung Galaxy A8 2016 will pack a huge 5.7-inch Super AMOLED display panel that includes a Full HD resolution of 1920 x 1080 pixels. Furthermore, the handsets will come carrying the 2015 Samsung flagship chipset in the shape of Exynos 7420, paired with a Mali-T760 MP8 graphics processor as well as a RAM of 3GB. In case you didn’t know, this is the same hardware configuration you find under the hood of the Galaxy S6 and Galaxy S6 Edge, but the Galaxy Note 5 only keeps the Exynos 7420 while adding a GB of RAM.
Samsung Galaxy A8 2016 will include an inbuilt storage of 64GB, but of course, there will be room for microSD card storage. The leaked AnTuTu benchmarks also point towards an 8MP main camera and 5MP selfie camera, contrary to previous reports that had suggested a similar configuration as the Galaxy S6 and Galaxy Note 5. In terms of software, Samsung will install the newest version of Android 6.0.1 Marshmallow on the handset. Although Samsung has not mentioned a thing about the coming of the Galaxy A8 2016, the fact that it has already made an appearance at the FCC is an indicator that its release should be imminent.
Last year’s Samsung Galaxy A8 came in with a huge 5.7-inch Super AMOLED display panel with a Full HD resolution. Under the hood, there was a Snapdragon 615 SoC and a 2GB RAM as well as onboard storage of 32GB, which can still be expanded via a microSD card. As for the camera, there is a 16MP snapper at the back and a 5MP snapper at the front, something that appears to be set to be changed, although it cannot be confirmed as for now.
Nonetheless, from what it appears, the Galaxy A8 2016 will come in with a good number of upgrades over its predecessor.


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Vitamins are essential for the human body to work correctly, and without them, we will not perform our daily functions and eventually collapse. More than 20 vitamins are necessary for us, but the following are the most crucial vitamins with their most important actions. Let’s find some best multivitamin for men over 40.
- ~ Vitamin A ( Helps maturing epithelium of specific organs and differentiate rods).
- ~ Vitamin B1 to B12 ( Helps mucosal surfaces to heal and grow and helps making DNA).
- ~ Vitamin C ( Helps in forming Cartilages and improving Immunity).
- ~ Vitamin D ( Strengthen bones).
- ~ Vitamin E ( Powerful Anti Oxidant helps the body with oxidant stress, e.g., Infections ).
- ~ Vitamin K ( Helps in Coagulation of blood ).
We must use vitamins regularly, as most of them are not consuming enough Vitamins from our diet. All the vitamins are essential, but some are related to age and are needed more at a specific age limit.
For example, Vit K is necessary for newborn kids as they do not have that, and failure to give Injections of Vitamin K at birth can cause Hemorrhage in children. There are specific Vitamins that are needed more in people above age 40, and today we will discuss that.
As we age, our bones start demineralizing, which is the most common reason for unknown pains in the elderly. “Vitamin D” helps make calcium and thus minimize the bone again and therefore provides more help in men above age 40.
The natural source of Vitamin D is Sunlight, which is why most doctors recommend at least 15 to 20 minutes sunlight in a day. Tablets of Vitamin D are readily available and can be taken daily for 3 to 4 months or even longer.
Another Vitamin, which is needed more in the men above 40, is ” Vitamin E.” The first reason is that it improves natural immunity, but it also helps in marital life and improves bedtime.
These are just vitamins that are needed in excess, but that does not mean that you do not need other vitamins.
All the vitamins are essential for your health and your body to cope with external and internal stresses. Here are some of our recommendations for the best multivitamin for men over 40.
1. Rainbow Light Men’s One Multivitamin for Men
4.5 stars, 3,227 reviews | $45.90 AT AMAZON
Rainbow Light Men’s One Multivitamin provides comprehensive nutritional support tailored to men’s health. This complete multivitamin for men nourishes the body with scientifically studied ingredients and a unique Men’s Vitality Blend to fuel vitality at the cellular level. It helps to boost immunity. It is specially formulated with potent B vitamins and plant-sourced enzymes and a Men’s Vitality Blend, which contains organic chlorella, organic green tea, and lycopene to promote energy and vigor.
WHAT BUYER’S SAY: “RESEARCH shows this to be one of the best and it’s affordable.” one buyer wrote. Another said, “These work well for me to help me get my daily nutrients in. Highly recommended if you’re looking for a men’s multivitamin.” READ MORE >>
Features & Details
- IMMUNE HEALTH: Supports immune health with a high potency source of zinc.
- Clinically proven absorption of vitamins D, B2, B5, folate, calcium & zinc.
- CUSTOMIZED NUTRITIONAL SUPPORT: Packed with scientifically studied ingredients to help support immunity and increase overall energy. – best multivitamin for men over 40.
- DIGESTIVE BALANCE: Vegetarian and gluten free, these multivitamins are gentle on the stomach and supports the body’s digestive balance with a digestive support blend and plant-sourced enzymes.
- PURITY SAFEGUARD: The formula is made with pure-tested ingredients & no artificial preservatives, colors, flavors or sweeteners. No gluten, wheat, milk, tree nuts, peanuts, eggs, fish or shellfish. These statements haven’t been evaluated by the FDA.
2. NATURELO Whole Food Multivitamin for Men 50+
4.5 stars, 1,970 reviews | $46.95 AT AMAZON
These supplements are carefully crafted to ensure that they are free of common allergens, including soy, gluten, yeast, caffeine, dairy, or peanuts. The blend of organic fruits and vegetables are a rich source of vitamins and phytonutrients that are great for your health. This is very good for men.
WHAT BUYER’S SAY: “I use this product to support my Keto diet. After four months of use I had a physical that included a full battery of blood and urine tests – all came back “ideal levels” or better.” one buyer wrote. Another said, “I seem to have more energy since taking this Naturelo vitamin and have recommended it to others.” READ MORE >>
Features & Details
- Premium Multivitamin Formula for Men Over 50 with Natural Vitamins A, B, C, D, E, K Organic Fruit & Vegetable Blends, Non GMO, Gluten Free, Does NOT Contain Soy, Gelatin, Egg, Dairy or Caffeine, No Additives or Fillers, Made in USA.
- Supports Immunity, Boosts Metabolism & Energy, Heart, Brain & Prostate, Health Reduces Inflammation & Stress, Promotes Healthy Immune Response & Wellness, Aids Vision, Digestion & Bone Strength. – best multivitamin for men over 40.
- Vitamin C from Acerola Cherry (not Synthetic Ascorbic Acid), Vegan D3 from Lichen, B12 as Methylcobalamin, Active B6, Folate (not Folic Acid), B Complex Fermented in Probiotics, K2 MK-7 Minerals: Plant-Based Calcium, Magnesium, Selenium, Zinc & Potassium.
- Wholefood Antioxidants: Turmeric/Curcumin, Ginger, Ginkgo Biloba, Grapeseed, Resveratrol, Green Tea, Ceylon Cinnamon, Lycopene, Lutein, Rutin, Astaxanthin & CoQ10 Herbs, Digestive Enzymes, High Potency Ingredients & Raw Nutrients. In rare cases, side effects may include nausea, lethargy, cramping, or dizziness.
- Each bottle contains a thirty (30) day supply. Take four (4) capsules daily. For best results, take two (2) with breakfast and two (2) with dinner. You can open the capsules and add the powder to your food or drink.
3. Garden of Life Vitamin Code Multivitamin for Men
4.5 stars, 1,936 reviews | $49.93 AT AMAZON
In developing Vitamin Code Men’s Formula, Garden of Life paid particular attention to men’s unique needs. Providing select nutrients to support the primary areas of prostate health with added vitamin E, selenium and zinc, mental and physical energy with vitamin B complex and chromium, and heart health with vitamin B complex, vitamins C and E, Vitamin Code Men’s Formula delivers the ultimate formulation for men.
WHAT BUYER’S SAY: “After taking this vitamin for about a week I noticed an increase in energy, better sleep at night and I felt way more focused and clear headed during the day at work. Also just fell better physically overall. I’ll definitely be buying more.” one buyer wrote. Another said, “My husband likes these vitamins because of the immune blend along with the probiotic blend. They work great for him.” READ MORE >>
Features & Details
- MULTIVITAMIN SUPPLEMENT: Specially formulated multivitamin for men with prostate support made from nutritious and RAW whole foods.
- MULTIVITAMIN WITH PROBIOTICS: Vitamin Code Men’s vitamins include live probiotics and enzymes plus antioxidants for extraordinary health and vitality.
- PROSTATE SUPPLEMENT: This men’s multivitamin contains vitamin E, selenium, and zinc for prostate support plus vitamin b complex and vitamins C & E for heart health. – best multivitamin for men over 40.
- MULTIVITAMIN FOR MEN: Comprehensive vitamin for prostate health, heart health, mental and physical energy, digestive support, healthy stress response, and eye health.
- RAW MULTIVITAMIN: Vegetarian, gluten free, and dairy free whole food multivitamin, with NO binders or fillers. Suggested Age: 18 Years and Up.
Read our article on: Best Vitamins For Women’s Immune System


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Crawford-Browne, who forced President Jacob Zuma's hand by taking him to court to pressure for an investigation into allegations of corruption surrounding South Africa's R70-billion arms deal, believes the arms procurement commission has become a "farce".
Crawford-Browne has requested public protector advocate Thuli Madonsela to intervene and ask Justice Minister Jeff Radebe and Zuma to terminate the commission when its mandate expires in November.
"The Seriti commission has degenerated into a farce, and a gross waste of public money," he said.
Crawford-Browne has not been impressed with the evidence given by South African Navy and Air Force top brass at the commission.
Rear-Admiral Philip Schoultz had blamed the reality that the navy lacked skilled personnel to repair or maintain the warships on poaching by the private sector, he said.
"Schoultz in the process inadvertently confirmed what the auditor general had informed Parliament back in 2000, namely that no consideration was given to the personnel requirements for the arms deal acquisitions," said Crawford-Browne. "Now, General [John] Bayne [of the South African Air Force] contradicts the minister of defence and veteran affairs that almost half of the BAE/Saab Gripen fighter aircraft have been mothballed because the SAAF has too few pilots to fly them."
In his letter to Madonsela, Crawford-Browne said Radebe had promised "an open and transparent process" when he announced the terms of reference of the arms procurement commission.
Intervention was needed
One of the commission's senior investigators, Norman Moabi, resigned in January this year, alleging that Judge Willie Seriti [chairperson of the commission] has a "second agenda" to silence the Terry Crawford-Brownes of this world", and that the commission was "severely flawed by administrative malpractices", he wrote.
"Then Ms Kate Painting [attorney and former principal legal researcher] also resigned and later cited similar concerns, and this was followed by the resignation of Judge Francis Legodi [commissioner]. Advocate Tayob Aboobaker SC [commission evidence leader] was pressured into withdrawing his resignation."
It had taken the commission 21 months to begin its hearings, he said.
Crawford-Browne claimed the conduct of both Seriti and the commission had failed the relevant requirements of the Constitution, and intervention was needed.
Moabi, a lawyer and a former acting judge from Pretoria, told the Mail & Guardian on Thursday, the testimony that had been put before the commission was not being tested under appropriate cross-examination. People like Crawford-Browne should have been funded at the state's expense to effectively test the testimony of the army chiefs, he said.
"For now there is no real investigation coming from anywhere, by way of cross-examination," he said.
The evidence leaders at the commission were also being hampered in dealing with the evidence of the army chiefs, and Moabi said the questions had to be asked:
- Did they inspect the procured arms physically?
- Did they check the records of their maintenance and operation?
- Did they peruse every available document dealing with the procurements? The documents previously held by the Hawks?
- Did they conduct any investigations abroad on their own? If so, when?
- Do they have any information to question whether it was necessary or not to secure the arms
- Do they have independent military advisors to assist them in questioning the army chiefs?
"The above questions, if answered honestly, will indicate that the commission is not digging up the dirt and is just going through the motions at a huge price for the tax payer," said Moabi.
On top of these concerns, Moabi said, is that since some documents were classified and not open for public scruitiny, there was no knowing how at the end of the commission anyone can vouch for a satisfactory conclusion.
William Baloyi, spokesperson for the commission, expressed surprise that Crawford-Browne should propose the commission be shut down.
"The amazing thing is that it is the very same Terry Crawford-Browne who forced the president to appoint this commission in order to investigate among others the very same allegations that he has just repeated to you. Now he wants the investigations to be stopped!" said Baloyi.
Stimulate the economy
"He is earmarked to testify before this commission and should be told to await his turn when he will have ample opportunity to challenge the evidence that is currently being led before the commission and to put across his version."
In his letter to Madonsela, Crawford-Browne pointed out that the commission was only appointed after he had taken Zuma to the Constitutional Court.
"President Jacob Zuma's legal counsel was unable to rebut the fact that there is a huge volume of evidence of corruption, and it was therefore irrational and unconstitutional for the president to continue to refuse to appoint a commission of inquiry."
It was recently revealed that evidence that was required by the commission had been left in two shipping containers at the Hawks' premises, he said.
"The evidence against BAE is alone said to amount to 460 boxes and 4.7-million computer pages," said Crawford-Browne. "In addition, there is evidence against the German Frigate and Submarine Consortia. The Hawks inherited all this evidence from the Scorpions."
The rationale for the arms deal was that R30-billion spent on warships and warplanes would generate R110-billion in offsets and create 65 000 jobs to stimulate the economy, he said.
Crawford-Browne said an affordability study had warned Cabinet in August 1999 that the arms deal was a reckless proposition, which could lead the government to mounting economic, financial and fiscal difficulties, but such warnings were ignored.