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Some phytochemical compounds that modulate gut microbiota.
Currently, herbs, medicinal spices, green medicine, or traditional Chinese medicine has gained many followers in the world, especially as a way of life and as an alternative to the indiscriminate use of synthetic medicines such as antibiotics. These natural products are rich in secondary metabolites or phytochemicals, which are chemical compounds of relatively complex structures and restricted distribution; these compounds have defensive functions against insects, bacteria, fungi, parasites, and viruses. Likewise, several studies have shown their effectiveness in the prevention and treatment of several diseases such as cancer, autoimmune diseases, gastrointestinal diseases, diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases, Crohn’s disease, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), among others. In addition, this review addresses the mechanisms of action of the herbs and medicinal spices on intestinal microbiota, increasing competitive exclusion in the intestinal membrane and inhibiting bacterial translocation and damage to the intestinal barrier.
- gut microbiota
- phytochemical compound
Through history, the individual and collective experiences of a population have been systematized and transformed as part of their popular culture, their means of action, and their wisdom. Popular customs based on empirical bases have found justification with the development of science and technology, after having been used for a long time. In this sense, due to advances in the areas of knowledge, especially medicine, genetics, immunology, and molecular biology, it is obvious to seek explanations and incontestable facts that justify the use of some popular practices that may be useful in the treatment of different health problems. These practices are phytochemical compounds, which have been the subject of deep research around the world .
The phytochemicals have been used for over 60,000 years to prevent or cure diseases that affect humans . It is estimated that about 260,000 species of plants are known today, of which 10% can be considered as medicinal, with many phytochemical properties. According to the classification of medical treatments of phytotherapy, in modern and past times, many regions are favored by the proportion of phytochemical compounds, which can vary appreciably to the established percentage, since the totality of the vegetal flora is not known .
Despite the agro-industrial development of humanity and the strong influence of the large pharmaceutical industries, phytochemical compounds are the first sources for medical treatment in many countries, due to its effectiveness against different pathologies, low production cost, and slight residual effect [4, 5, 6]. Its use is strengthened and expanded more and more, appearing in new and novel active principles, both for human and veterinary use. It is estimated that between 75 and 80% of the world population used phytochemical compounds one way or another, China and India being the countries that used the natural products of plant origin the most, as part of their cultural roots. These beneficial phytobiotics are used mainly as food or part of the food, although they are also used as pharmaceutical preparations. In these countries, traditional medicine is used daily as a lifestyle to prevent, cure, and/or alleviate diseases. In this sense, natural compounds have been used to treat diseases that damage the nervous, cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal, renal, metabolic, immune, and musculoskeletal systems, besides preventing or curing metabolic disorders of the main biomolecules of the organism [7, 8].
Plants are natural laboratories where a large amount of chemical substances are biosynthesized, and in fact, they are considered the most important source of chemical compounds that exists. A large percentage of the active ingredients included are called “phytochemical compounds or secondary metabolites,” which are chemical compounds of relatively complex structures and restricted distribution; among these metabolites, those with defensive functions against insects, bacteria, and fungi, among others, as alkaloids, non-protein amino acids, steroids, phenols, flavonoids, glycosides, coumarins, quinones, tannins, and terpenoids, are common. There is great variation in the concentration of these phytochemicals in the plant, and there is no maximum production pattern nor special storage organs; however, it is common that the highest concentrations of these types of compounds are in flowers, leaves, and seeds [9, 10].
Currently, research on natural products is focused on the discovery of new active ingredients with beneficial properties against several systemic and infectious diseases in humans and animals . It has been proven that synthetic substances sometimes have more harmful side effects than the diseases they treat; some synthetic antioxidant compounds cause toxic and mutagenic effects . Thus, several authors indicate the need to reuse natural preparations as alternatives to the indiscriminate use of antibiotics and their microbial resistance [13, 14]. However, it is currently unclear how phytochemical compounds have a high compatibility with the human organism , because these have no enzymatic affinity and are poorly absorbed by the intestinal lumen.
Intestinal microbiota plays an important role in maintaining intestinal integrity and function; a loss in microbial balance causes severe damage at the local and systemic level [15, 16, 17]. It is important to note that the microbiota in the first years of life of children is unstable, dominated mainly by
Many investigations have focused on demonstrating the antimicrobial effect of phytochemical compounds; however, there are contradictions in the mechanism of action of the active principles. These phytochemicals compounds could have bacteriostatic or bactericidal action as well as inhibit the adhesion of pathogenic bacteria to the intestinal and urinary mucosa. Every day the use of phytochemicals to reduce the pathogenic effect of intestinal bacteria is more frequent, due to the increase of antimicrobial resistance to antibiotics [23, 24]. Therefore, the aim of this review is to summarize the role of herbs and medicinal spices like modulators of gut microbiota.
2. What are the phytochemical compounds?
Phytochemicals are chemical compounds synthesized by plants that fulfill nonessential functions, so that their absence is not fatal for it, since they do not intervene in the primary metabolism. These compounds intervene in the ecological interactions between the plant and its environment . They also differ from the primary metabolites in that each of them has a restricted distribution in the plant kingdom, sometimes to only one species or a group of them, so many of them are useful in
The study of these substances was initiated by organic chemists of the nineteenth century and the beginning of the twentieth century, who were interested in these substances due to their importance as medicinal drugs, poisons, flavorings, glues, oils, waxes, and other materials used in the industry . In fact, the study of phytochemicals stimulated the development of separation techniques, spectroscopy to elucidate their structure, and synthesis methodologies that today contribute to the development of contemporary organic chemistry .
In addition, the content of the active principles of a plant can vary significantly due to differences from one locality to another and, even within the same locality due to several agrochemical properties of the land, the season and variations for temperature, precipitation, pollution, lunar cycle, or other factors . The plants have characteristics that allow them to influence through their components not only by direct contact but also remotely by means of emanations. There are plants that through the emanations of their active ingredients can eliminate the spores of fungi, protozoa, and malignant bacteria [2, 10]. The recognition of biological properties of many phytochemical compounds has encouraged the development of this field, for example, in the search for new drugs, antibiotics, insecticides, and herbicides. Moreover, the growing appreciation of the highly diverse biological effects of these compounds has led to the reevaluation of the different roles they have in plants, especially in the context of ecological interactions .
Phytochemicals can be divided into three large groups, based on their biosynthetic origins: phenolic compounds, terpenoids, and nitrogen compounds or alkaloids. They can also be divided according to their biosynthetic pathway and chemical structure: terpenoids, alkaloids, betalains, glucosinolates, cyanogenic glycosides, polyacetylenes, anthocyanins, and other flavonoids .
Currently, many synthetic drugs produced by the pharmaceutical industry have very harmful side effects and are not effective in alleviating or reducing the symptoms of many diseases such as cancer, HIV, Alzheimer’s, and other chronic diseases. Therefore, modern medicines where phytochemicals are included as an alternative source may meet the therapeutic requirements of patients. In this sense, there is high availability of these natural products from plant sources that act as potent curative medicines . Phytochemicals including polyphenols, flavonoids, and others have the potential to provide a defense against oxidative damage. Plant extracts and phytoconstituents are found to be effective as radical scavengers and inhibitors of lipid peroxidation [30, 31]. A wide range of antioxidants from both natural and synthetic origin to treat various human diseases has been proposed .
Other metabolites have wide medicinal properties, such as sterols used as part of hormones and vitamins; triterpenes have anthelminthic, antiseptic, expectorant, antibacterial, and diuretic activity. Simple phenols have antifungal activity. The tannins (condensed tannins) have astringent, antiseptic, antibacterial, and antifungal properties. The coumarins are used in medicine for their anticoagulant and antibacterial action. The flavonoid glycosides (anthocyanins and quercetins) are attributed effects on the blood supply of the bronchi and bronchodilation. Quinones (specifically naphthoquinones) are characterized by their antibacterial and antifungal action. Cardiotonic glycosides stimulate cardiac function. The alkaloids stimulate the central nervous system and have an anesthetic effect. Saponins are precursors of steroidal hormones and corticosteroids and have emulsifying and hemolyzing functions [4, 5, 6, 33].
3. Role of the phytochemical compounds to modulate gut microbiota
The gut microbiota begins to mature from the second year of life and has various roles such as nutrient absorption and food fermentation , proper modulation of the immune system to the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of the host , and the physiological mechanisms against pathogens . In adults, the most prevalent phyla representatives are
The bacterial population of the
Many bacterial species are commensal flora in the intestine, and others are highly pathogenic such as
|Phytochemical compounds||Sources||Part used||Model experiment||Outcomes||References|
|Phenolic acids, stilbenoids, flavonols, dihydroflavonols, and anthocyanins||Fruits||Humans||↑|||
|Chlorogenic acid-polyphenols||Green coffee||Bean||High fat-fed mice||↑|
|Phenolic compounds||Whole plant||In vitro||↓|||
|[47, 48, 49, 53]|
|Anthocyanidins and flavonoids||Fruits||Mice and high fat-fed mice||↑|
|[21, 22, 54, 55, 56]|
|Anthocyanidins||Fruits||In vitro||↓||[57, 58, 59]|
|Anthocyanidins||Flowers||High fat-fed mice||↑||[22, 25]|
|Syringe, p-coumaric, 4-hydroxybenzoic, and vanillic||Needles||Mice||↑|||
|Catechins, flavan-3-ols, and monomeric flavan-3-olrich rich||Green tea||Leaves||Humans||↓|
|[59, 61, 62]|
|Procyanidins, catechin and epicatechin||Fruits||Mice||↑|||
|Gallic acids||Leaves||Mice||↓||[64, 65]|
|6′,7′-dihydroxy-bergamottin, officinalin, stenocarpin isobutyrate, officinalin isobutyrate, 8-methoxypeucedanin, and peucedanin||Fruits||In vitro||↓|
|Coumarin-1,2,3-triazole conjugate and 3-heteroarylazo 4-hydroxy||In vitro||↓||[49, 68, 69]|
|Terpineol||Whole plant||In vitro||↓|||
|Petalostemumol||Flowers||In vitro||↓||[47, 70]|
|1α, 3β, 23-trihydroxyolean-12-in-29-oic acid||Cortex||In vitro||↓|||
|23-hydroxyursolic acid, hederagenin, 3-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-echinocystic acid, 3-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-oleanolic acid, and 3-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-ursolic acid||Stem bark||In vitro||↓|||
|4-methoxy-1-methyl-quinolin-2- (1H) -one||Leaves||In vitro||↓|
|Sanguinarine, chelerythrine, protopine and allocryptopine and phenolics, gallic, protocatechuic, p-hydroxybenzoic, m-hydroxybenzoic, gentisic, p-coumaric, caffeic, ferulic, and sinapic acids||Roots and leaves||In vitro||↓||[73, 74]|
|Sanguinarine and dihydrosanguinarine||Seeds and leaves||In vitro||↓|||
Currently, many investigations focus on the search for therapeutic treatments through diet to modulate the intestinal microbiota, reducing inflammation in this organ, preventing chronic and degenerative diseases . It has been shown that small concentrations of active ingredients from medicinal plants or other plant sources have microbiostatic and microbicidal activities against enteric pathogenic microbiota . An increase of the competitive exclusion in the intestinal epithelium guarantees a greater metabolization of the phytochemical compounds by the bacteria and therefore benefits the biological response of the host [54, 77]. Although the mechanisms are not well, the phytochemical compounds can reduce the proliferation of pathogenic bacteria in the GIT, affect cell reproduction, mediate microbial metabolic processes, and regulate signal translation or genetic expression with phospholipoidal cell membranes, thus increasing the permeability and loss of cellular constituents, imbalance of the enzymes to the production of cellular energy and synthesis of organelle compounds, and destruction or inactivation of genetic material [45, 46, 47, 48, 78].
3.1 Phenolic compounds
Scientific evidences show that within the phytochemical compounds, polyphenols are the most effective antimicrobials. In this sense, the phenolic compounds such as flavonols, flavones, and flavanones, and phenolic acids are poorly metabolizable by some gut microbiota. However, species such as
The relationship between the most representative phylum of the intestine,
Several authors have reported the modulating effect of anthocyanidins on the colonic microbiota and some inflammatory markers [21, 22, 60]. Anthocyanidins have the ability to inhibit the growth of intestinal pathogenic bacteria; apparently an interaction exists between the phenolic compounds and the local microbiota specifically (mainly
Green tea has high concentrations of catechins, which belong to the group of flavonoids; these secondary metabolites have good effects against
As an interesting fact, the increase of the
According to the in vitro results, the family of coumarins and reducing carbohydrates abundant in the hexane, chloroform, and ethyl acetate extracts of the leaves of
On the other hand, phytochemical compounds such as terpineol from
Other groups of phytochemicals with bactericidal or bacteriostatic importance are alkaloids. In an investigation, 4-methoxy-1-methyl-quinolin-2- (1H)—one obtained from three tropical plants such as
In general, the antimicrobial activities of several phytochemical compounds based on chemical studies, in vitro and in vivo, are known. However, due to the alimentary habit of a part of the world population, many of these medicinal compounds are not used, mainly as part of the diet, as aqueous extracts, or as alcoholic extracts, although other times they are used empirically, showing their beneficial effect. The daily use of phytochemicals in a controlled manner and according to scientific bases, both chemical and biological, could prevent or treat many ailments and diseases related to intestinal dysbiosis in humans.
This review has highlighted the role of the phytochemical compounds like modulators of gut microbiota. It was identified that alkaloids, steroids, phenols, flavonoids, glycosides, coumarins, quinones, tannins, and terpenoids are the main phytochemical compounds with biological activity. In addition, in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that these beneficial chemical compounds can reduce the proliferation of pathogenic bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract through various biochemical and physiological processes that cause disturbances in the bacterial cell membrane, which causes competitive exclusion in the epithelial membrane by a greater expression of
Conflict of interest
The authors declare no conflict of interest.

domain: medical


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How energy can generate growth in Tanzania's rural economy
A workshop in Tanzania explored how off-grid energy can power opportunities for economic growth in rural communities. Guest blogger Basil Malaki reports back
Tanzania is undergoing a remarkable economic transformation. But this rapid growth is concentrated in towns and cities and not matched in remote areas; poorer, rural communities are being left behind.
A major factor underpinning this disparity is Tanzania's huge rural-urban energy divide. According to the Tanzanian government's Energy Access Situation Report (PDF) almost two in three urban households in mainland Tanzania have access to electricity compared with less than one in five in rural areas. Of households with connectivity, almost all urban households are grid-connected compared with just over a third of rural households.
Rural communities cannot lift themselves out of poverty without safe, reliable and affordable energy. Indeed, the Sustainable Development Goals recognise that energy access is crucial for giving everyone a fair chance at living a healthy, decent and dignified life.
And electricity supply needs to go beyond household use for lighting homes, charging phones or powering household appliances such as radios and TVs. To grow Tanzania's rural economy requires 'productive use' of energy (PUE) – to power local businesses, provide better health and education services, and drive agriculture production.
A workshop in Dar es Salaam in July organised by the Hivos/IIED Energy Change Lab brought together government agencies, energy providers, policy influencers, donors, micro financiers, researchers and other sector experts to explore how increasing energy for productive use could transform Tanzania's rural economy.
During the two-day workshop, brainstorming and lively debate helped identify some key opportunities for driving economic growth in rural communities. These opportunities can be approached on a sector-by-sector basis:
Agriculture: Tanzania's economy is heavily dependent on agriculture but the sector is still facing challenges, including prolonged drought and unpredictable weather. Energy providers have come up with affordable technologies that could boost incomes of smallholder farmers.
Farmers can use solar powered water pumps for irrigation to increase their yield and improve crop quality. Horticultural and fish farmers can use electricity to refrigerate their produce while searching for markets. This reduces waste caused by poor storage and can significantly increase profit margins.
Health: With a more reliable energy supply, hospitals and clinics in rural communities can provide safer health services. Here, electricity has been used to power appliances such as microscopes, defibrillators and operation room equipment.
Small and medium-sized enterprises (SME): "To make businesses sustainable, [the] quality of products needs to be continually improved. If we are really looking to support and sustain local producers, community products should be promoted and consumed in the local market," said a workshop attendee.
During the workshop, adding value to SME products was identified as key to generate income for rural communities. Examples given were using solar power to dry food to reduce post-harvest losses, and small-scale food processing such as oil pressing, juice blending and milling. Therefore, the Energy Change Lab's call is to empower more communities to consider engaging in small-scale productive businesses.
How will we get there?
Electricity products and services are an integral part of driving growth in rural economies. But achieving real impact requires more than simply having access to electricity.
More cross-cutting thinking is needed to explore electricity products and services to deliver results in the sectors mentioned above: exploring the finance and business models that can bring electricity service businesses into remote areas, linking in access to consumer finance to buy equipment and provide start-up capital for SME businesses, and sharing knowledge and building skill sets on what works in different contexts across Tanzania.
During the two days, participants were facilitated through a process that eventually arrived at identifying possible solutions. Groups self-organised around ideas for prototypes – small-scale interventions that have the potential to scale up and can generate learning around what works in a system. Among them were the following prototypes:
- PUE access to finance initiative: one group believed that asset financiers need to be incentivised to provide loans and equipment to local entrepreneurs who will connect to the mini-grid and use electricity for productive activities. The group recommended that energy suppliers act as facilitators of the process; providing pipelines of entrepreneurs and the viable productive use activities in their project sites
- Creating a platform for information on PUE in Tanzania: centralising PUE activities and information was identified as a means to increasing investment in PUE; increasing and accelerating PUE investments as well as creating more social and economic benefits in rural communities requires stakeholder interventions and partnerships.
This group suggested bringing together all stakeholders through a platform for learning and sharing experiences to fast track development of PUE projects and investments in Tanzania. The group recommended existing energy institutions such as TAREA should take charge of creating this platform and invite all stakeholders, and
- Efficient use of excess heat from solar driers: in this case, communities would use existing solar driers to increase productivity and improve their livelihoods by harvesting the electrical power of excess heat. With their experience in solar drying, this group suggested the use of existing food driers to dehydrate food while tapping the excess heat generated for other purposes such as heating houses, egg incubation and powering electrical appliances.
The Energy Change Lab will continue to explore how energy providers, policymakers, financiers and funders can work together to reform Tanzania's energy sector – to develop innovative, sustainable opportunities where people from Tanzania's most remote communities are at the centre. Watch this space for further updates.

domain: economics


The student will know:
- How atmospheric pressure is measured.
- How gauge pressure is defined.
atmospheric pressure: The pressure from the Earth's atmosphere.
barometer: The oldest design for scientifically measuring pressure.
gauge pressure: The pressure above the current atmospheric pressure.
We live at the bottom of an immense ocean of air. The air high up is pulled down by gravity, pressing on the air below it, which also presses on the air below it. The weight of all the air above above you combines to exert atmospheric pressure, the pressure from the Earth's atmosphere. This constantly presses on all sides of things in contact with open air, and is what makes suction cups stick to walls, lets vacuum cleaners suck up dirt, and lets people drink through straws. At sea level such as a coastal city like New Orleans or New York, the typical atmospheric pressure is 101,325 pascals – the equivalent of a three-story high (10.3 meter) column of water. This is also known as one standard atmosphere of pressure, abbreviated .
Calculating pressure from gas is different than pressure from fluids, because gases change their density easily. The Earth's atmosphere is denser close to sea level, and gets less dense the higher you go. Thus, there is no simple relationship between the height of air and pressure. Indeed, the actual pressure at sea level often changes with the location, climate, and current weather. Human beings can detect the differences in air pressure when our altitude changes a few hundred feet. This is most noticeable when your ears pop when driving up or down a mountain, or taking a plane flight.
The oldest design for scientifically measuring pressure is the barometer, invented in 1643. The main part of it is just a glass tube closed at one end and open on the other, filled with liquid and put open side down in a dish. The closed end can hold liquid up, just like when you put your finger on the end of a straw, it lets you hold water in the straw. The open end has full atmospheric pressure pressing on it, while the sealed side has no pressure. The Figure below shows a mercury-filled barometer.
If the tube is filled with mercury and has no air, then the atmospheric pressure pushes on the top of the dish, lifting up the mercury in the tube that has no air pushing down on it from above. All suction works this way – it is really atmospheric pressure pushing, rather than the vacuum pulling. The mercury is stable when the atmospheric pressure on the mercury in the dish is equal to the hydrostatic pressure which the column of mercury exerts at the bottom of the tube.
Illustrative Example 1
We can calculate the height of mercury lifted up by one standard atmosphere of pressure, . Mercury has a density of . So, if the hydrostatic pressure from this mercury is equal to , we have:
So the pressure of one standard atmosphere hold a column of mercury with a height of 0.76 meters. As the atmospheric pressure changes, the height of the column of mercury changes.
Check Your Understanding
In the above experiment, if water had been used rather than mercury what would the height of the column of water have been?
Answer: Mercury is 13.6 times denser than water. So the atmosphere can support a column of water 13.6 times higher than a column of mercury.
Height of water column:
A column of water 10.3 m high has the same weight as a column of mercury 0.76 m. Mercury barometers are therefore much more practical than water barometers.
In practice, most examples of pressure happen inside atmospheric pressure. When a faucet pushes out water, that water is pressing out against atmospheric pressure. The gauge pressure is the pressure above the current atmospheric pressure. For example, a completely deflated tire still has pressure on it. Atmospheric pressure is pushing on both the inside and outside of the tire. What matters is how much additional pressure we put in when the tire is inflated.
When dealing with liquids, we typically refer to the pressure as the gauge pressure . The total pressure is therefore .
Check Your Understanding
1. A tire pressure gauge reads 32 pounds per square inch (psi) when measuring tire pressure. What is the total pressure in pounds per square inch?
Answer: Atmospheric pressure is 101,325 Newtons per square meter. To convert, we use:
- 1 pound = 4.45 newtons
- 1 inch = 0.0254 meters
2. The bottom of Lake Pontchartrain has a gauge pressure of . What is the total pressure in units of standard atmospheres of pressure, ?
Answer: To find the pressure in the units of , we convert from to , then adding in the atmospheric pressure of 1.0 .


Poland captain Maciej Zurawski could miss the rest of Euro 2008 after sustaining a thigh injury in Sunday's 2-0 defeat by Germany in their opening Group B match. "Zurawski has strained quads and some bleeding so he may be unavailable for the rest of the tournament," the team doctor Jerzy Grzywocz said yesterday. "For the moment, he will take no part in the next two games."
The 31-year-old striker is the third Pole to be sidelined by injury in their Euro 2008 campaign after midfielders Jakub Blaszczykowski and reserve goalkeeper Tomasz Kuszczak pulled out during the build-up. Defensive midfielder Mariusz Lewandowski also picked up an ankle knock against the Germans, but Grzywocz said he "should be ready" for Thursday's crunch tie with Austria in Vienna. Zurawski is likely to be replaced by Roger Guerreiro, but the coach, Leo Beenhakker, declined to name any other changes.
Deco wary of Czech threat
Deco says the side will not take the Czech Republic lightly in their next group match in Geneva. "We don't underestimate them, on the contrary, we respect them. They will be just as difficult as Turkey. We're not going to get over-confident either, we still haven't passed the first phase," he added.
Frei invites Celtic offer
Captain Alexander Frei claims Celtic have resurrected their interest. A knee injury has kept the Borussia Dortmund forward out of Euro 2008, but he will be fit again soon. "Celtic want me," he said. "No one has put an offer on the table, but if they want me they can phone me."
Player to watch: Vladimir Bystrov
Pace is increasingly important at the top level and the aptly named winger – Bystrov translates from Russian as "fast" – is as quick as anyone. The 24-year-old Spartak Moscow flyer will prove a tough opponent for Joan Capdevila especially as Spain's system means the Villarreal left-back may have to fend for himself.
Aston Villa, Manchester United and Middlesbrough were all linked with Bystrov last year but injuries have curtailed his progress. The other question mark is his delivery. Leningrad-born, he began at Zenit St Petersburg but moved to the capital before his club achieved their recent eminence.
*HENRIK LARSSON (Greece v SWEDEN, 7.45): The forward forged a reputation as a deadly goalscorer during seven seasons with Celtic. The 36-year-old scored an impressive 242 goals in 315 appearances for the Bhoys during a trophy-laden spell, before moving to Barcelona in 2004. Also spent three months at Manchester United last year, scoring three goals.
Quote of the day
"There is no contract to guarantee success." Kostas Chalkias, Greece's reserve goalkeeper, admits the defending champions may find it hard to retain the title they won in Portugal four years ago.Reuse content


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Spicy coatings for snacks
Many coated nibbles have one important disadvantage: the frying process gives them a high fat content. Not only that, but once the snack has been enjoyed, the hands are covered in seasoning material. As the name suggests, Fuchs baked coatings are not fried. This gives a much lower fat content for your enjoyment, and clean hands.
Benefits at a glance:

domain: food


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Once at the top you can see the immediate views all around and they had huge glass windows from floor to ceiling all the way around. They have a cafe and lots of lounge couches around the place for you to sit and enjoy the view. It was really interesting seeing the canals from high up because it's not something I've ever really seen. If staying in a Gold Coasts high rise building you are generally facing the ocean and beach so it was interesting seeing the canals and Gold Coast Race track from up high and the beautiful surrounding mountains. They also have special climbs up to the spire which is a separate cost and activity sort of like a Bridge Climb Adventure. Here's some interesting facts:-
The Q1 Spire
The Q1 Building Gold Coast
Here's some photos from Level 77.

domain: travel


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Mother Nature hit fruit farmers in Northern Michigan with a potent one-two punch this spring. Record-breaking high temperatures in March, followed by an endless onslaught of below freezing nights in April, were a recipe for disaster in our orchards. Despite farmers' best efforts to fight the frost and salvage a crop, most agree that our region will be lucky to produce 5% of an average cherry harvest. Apple production looks a bit better, with estimates in the 25% range.
The public's interest and concerns in the challenges of this year's crops is appreciated. In area workplaces and coffee shops, conversations have centered around the freeze of 2012. Although many people express genuine interest and sincere regret over the loss of our bounty, there are a few misconceptions.
"Cherry farmers always overproduce and then dump fruit on the ground. There should be plenty of cherries in storage to supply this year's needs."
The last thing farmers want to do is waste their most precious fruit. It is true that our industry has overproduced in the past and we as growers have voluntarily diverted fruit (shook cherries on the ground) to ensure stable prices to both the grower and the consumer.
We haven't had to do this since a huge crop in 2009. We had a Mother's Day Freeze in 2010 when temps dipped to 19 degrees and substantially harmed our crops. Then last year, we had very poor weather during pollination, making our harvest small once again.
So, we entered this year with extremely low inventories, which will make it very difficult for our industry to meet customer needs.
"Farmers have crop insurance and government supports for this kind of disaster. They won't have to farm this year and still will get a check."
We do have a few risk management tools, like crop insurance, to help us in a small crop year. In working calculations of a complete freeze with a crop insurance adjuster last week, the best percentage a farmer could expect to receive was around 10-20% of normal tart cherry revenue for a farm. Sweet cherry insurance will be very similar, but only for growers in Leelanau and Grand Traverse county. Growers in Benzie, Manistee, and Antrim counties aren't eligible for sweet cherry insurance, due to USDA rules.
How would your family make ends meet if your salary was reduced by 80-90% for one year? Farmers are facing that reality.
"If the trees aren't producing fruit, you don't have to take care of them."
Unfortunately, fruit farmers won't simply be able to while away all their newfound free time at the beach. Trees and orchards need care to ensure their health for next year. This means many of the same sprays and nutrients must be applied to barren trees. We would have dying, disease-infested orchards if we simply abandoned them for a year. These orchard care practices are costly, but necessary, to maintain the health of our trees.
"This will only affect the farmers, not me."
The tentacles of this freeze will have far reaching effects on many aspects of our local economy. Our local processors, who have promoted our region's superfruit to increase demand and consumption, won't have fruit to process. Most have made significant capital investments and expansions, adding sorely needed jobs to our area. Those jobs and economic investment in our community won't be there this year.
Orchard suppliers, fuel companies, repairmen, truckers, and equipment dealers will lose out too. I have had to make hard phone calls telling our dependable seasonal migrant workers not to come north this year. And since there will also be a much smaller apple crop this fall, expect a decrease in the migrant student population at our area schools. Apple harvest falls during the 4th Friday headcount, and many schools rely on migrant students to ensure extra revenue for their schools.
"Will we have local cherries for the Cherry Festival?"
Year in and year out, this may be the most popular cherry-related question in the Grand Traverse area. This year, the answer is "probably." If we can count on a relatively warm June, there might be a few local black sweet cherries to enjoy. But, nature's tastiest treat might hit the pocketbook harder this year than ever before.
Farmers are eternal optimists. Our outlook can be summed up by an old farming quote: "We've had two good years in the cherry industry: 1991 and next year." Hope blooms eternal, but cherry trees only once per year.
Keep yourself cool and enjoy the flavors of cherry by simply adding 1 to 2 tablespoons of cherry juice concentrate to your favorite smoothie, or try this taste testing recipe.
Recipe: Cherry Power Zing Smoothie!
1 cup non-fat plain or vanilla yogurt
1/4 cup tart cherry juice concentrate
1 ripe banana, peeled and sliced
1/2 cup orange juice
1 cup crushed ice
Put yogurt, banana, orange juice, cherry juice concentrate and crushed ice in the container of an electric blender or food processor. Puree until smooth. Serve immediately.
Makes 2 (8-ounce) servings


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On the Caribbean coast of northern Central America, the English-speaking nation of Belize shares a border with both Guatemala and Mexico. Naturally, it’s not uncommon for some of that Yucatán heritage to seep over into our borders, and Cinco de Mayo is no exception. More than just an excuse to sink into tacos and tequila, Cinco de Mayo is a historical date in Mexican history, serving as a vehicle to convey Mexican deep culture, pride, and values. As an ode to our neighbor to the North, here are a few commonly asked questions about Cinco de Mayo and what that means for us in Belize.
What exactly is the holiday?
Commonly mistaken for Mexico’s Independence Day, Cinco de Mayo instead celebrates an unlikely victory over France in the 1962 Battle of Puebla; Cinco de Mayo is to Mexico what the Battle of St. George’s Caye Day is to us in Belize. Then-president of Mexico Benito Juárez suspended the nation’s foreign debt payments to France and Napolean III responded with an invasion. After being outnumbered three-to-one and later occupied, the new Mexican Republic finally expelled the French in 1867—which included the execution of Maximilian I.
When is Cinco de Mayo celebrated?
Cinco de Mayo literally means “May 5” in Spanish, which is when this celebration of Mexican heritage falls each year.
Is Cinco de Mayo celebrated in Belize?
Cinco de Mayo is not recognized as a holiday in Belize, but the day is mostly commemorated with light-hearted celebrations across the country, primarily in Belize’s resorts and restaurants. Within Mexico, the main festivities are largely held within Puebla City, near where the original battle took place. The day extends to a month-long party, with fairs, plays and concerts held citywide. On 5 May itself, a re-enactment of the original battle takes place at Penon de Los Banos, while a frenzy of colorful floats, traditional mariachi bands, and locals dressed in period costume (and fuelled by margaritas) march through the streets in a spectacular display. On Saturday, May 7, 2022, the President of the Republic of Mexico, His Excellency Andrés Manuel López Obrador will also be making an official visit to Belize.

domain: geography


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Last month on a visit to Sydney, I timed my arrival to coincide with my grandson’s 10th birthday party. I arrived about ten minutes before the guests started descending on the small park near Chatswood, a suburb of Sydney near where my son and his family live. It had been threatening to rain all morning, and the preceding few days had been quite wet. The children present at the party were all keen to get out and play. No amount of rain would deter them as we found out later.
While some games on the grass were underway, my attention was diverted from the children and their enthusiastic pursuits. A small flock of Sulphur-crested Cockatoos had flown in to a nearby part of the park. I slowly moved closer to get some photos of them on my phone. I just did not feel like walking all the way to the car to get my camera. The flock can be seen in the photo below, but I was more interested in the two birds in the photo above. They ignored me getting closer and closer. They appear to be whispering to each other in a quite romantic way. (Forgive me; it is the “story-teller” in me writing this.)
In reality, they are just preening each other’s feathers, something most parrots do regularly. In fact, all birds indulge in preening on a regular basis. Preening helps to keep the feathers clean and tidy, which in turn assists in flight and their general health and well-being. So, while I may have thought that this pair was being all loving to one another, what they are doing is actually very practical help.
Birding time out
From time to time I take out a few minutes from my day to go birding. Sometimes these few minutes stretch into a few hours. I recently took off a whole afternoon. During this time, I visited six birding spots around my home town of Murray Bridge which is about an hour’s drive south-east from Adelaide.
One of the spots I visited was Sturt Reserve. This lovely spot is on the banks of the Murray River. It is named after Captain Charles Sturt who explored the river in 1830. The reserve has large areas of lawn for picnics, a large playground and a restaurant. It also plays host to a wide variety of birds.
On my recent visit, there were quite a few Little Corellas in the trees along the river. In flocks of 30 – 50 they can be annoyingly noisy. In recent years, these flocks have grown into the hundreds on many occasions. They are known to be high on the list of the Villains of the Bird World.
In large flocks like one can see at Sturt Reserve – and other spots around the district – they can wreak havoc on trees, stripping leaves, twigs and bark from trees until little is left but for a carpet of gum leaves on the ground below. The nearby lawn-tennis courts have also been a target of these destructive birds. They have sometimes left the courts unusable after the sharp beaks of several hundred birds have visited. Various methods to disperse the flocks have been tried, but without much success. This is a widespread problem in many places in South Australia.
Later, I drove a few kilometres to the southern edge of town to visit Swanport Reserve, also on the banks of the river. Here I witnessed flocks of several hundred corellas flying along the river and then out onto recently cultivated farmland across the river. Because of the distance, I was only able to estimate their numbers. After many smaller flocks had joined into one large flock, there must have been at least 1200 birds – possibly as many as 2000.
The photos below were taken at Sturt Reserve. They show the playfulness of some of the birds on the street lights. While I couldn’t see any damage to the lights from their beaks, they are quite capable of causing the local council some expensive headaches.
On our return trip from Sydney last year, we didn’t take the direct route home to Murray Bridge. Instead of taking two days to get home, we took a circuitous route through north-western New South Wales. We drove through Lithgow, Capertee Valley, Mudgee, Dunedoo, Cobar and Broken Hill. We saw some parts of the country we had never visited before, which is always an interesting way to travel.
On our first night away from Sydney, we stopped at one of the caravan parks in the town of Mudgee. We arrived late in the afternoon. After we had unpacked and settled into the cabin, we sat on the front deck of the cabin enjoying the balmy evening and a nice cuppa. As we were sitting there I had my notebook and binoculars at the ready, as well as my camera. My attention was soon drawn to a Galah perched in a nearby tree. This tree was about 30 metres from where we sat.
I noticed that the Galah was not attempting to fly away, but it was interested in what was happening further down the trunk. Another Galah, presumably its female mate, had emerged from a hollow there (see photos below). It looked as if the female was preparing the hollow ready for nesting. This was last Septemeber, right about the time they begin preparing nesting hollows for their next brood. I have no evidence that this pair went ahead and had a brood of young because we moved on elsewhere next morning.
The Galah is one of Australia’s most recognisable parrots. We have many colourful parrots in Australia – you can see photos of some of them by doing a search on this site. I have written frequently about parrots over the years and have included many photos of them. Some of these posts are included in “Further Reading” below.
One of Australia’s most recognised and common birds would have to be the Sulphur-crested Cockatoo. I have included a series of photos of this species in this post today. It is found along the north, east and southern coasts of Australia, and in Tasmania. It has been introduced to the south of Western Australia, and in New Zealand.
Throughout its range, it can often be found in large flocks numbering from a few dozen through to many hundreds. In my travels around different parts of Australia, I have observed this species in large numbers, especially where there is an abundance of seed for them to feed on, such as pastures. I have seen large flocks settle in paddocks, making the ground look like snow has fallen. When a flock is feeding on the ground, one or more birds will perch in a tree or on a fence post watching out for any danger. A large flock can also add colour to a dull grey looking gum tree when they all perch together.
These birds have a very raucous call, and when a flock flies low overhead while calling, it is very hard to carry on a conversation. In some caravan parks we have stayed in where this bird is resident, a noisy flock can be an unwelcome alarm clock, particularly at first light when one wants to sleep in a little. In populated areas, this beautiful bird is often regarded as an unwelcome pest. With such an abundance of food, cockatoos can easily get bored and start chewing on timber work around houses and other buildings. Some of my readers have complained in the past about the destructive nature of this species. There is no easy solution to this problem because this species is a protected bird, like all of our native birds. If you are having a problem with cockatoos, please be in contact with your local National Parks and Wildlife office. It is an offence to destroy them.
This species is also a common, long-lived pet for many people. They can be delightful pets and will often learn a range of words and phrases to mimic their owners. I am not familiar with the current regulations on keeping our native birds as pets, so it is best to talk to your local pet shop owners before buying a cockatoo as a pet. They are probably commonly available in pet shops in countries other than Australia. There should be no restrictions on keeping them outside of Australia.
The photos in today’s post were all taken of an individual in the Lane Cove National Park in Sydney. we were staying with our son spending time with our grandchildren during school holidays. On this occasion, we had a few hours break from the children, so we packed a picnic lunch and drove the short distance to the national park. Along the Lane Cove River, there are many lovely grassed picnic areas, complete with picnic tables and gas barbeques for the public to use.
Corellas v Cockatoos
Some people can easily be confused when trying to identify cockatoos and corellas. The three species of corellas in Australia are the Little Corella, Long-billed Corella and the Western Corella. Their ranges often overlap. I have even seen mixed flocks consisting of two species. Corellas are generally a little smaller and all corellas lack the yellow crest of the Sulphur-crested Cockatoos. The calls are also different, with the corellas’ calls being not as loud or as harsh.
In my post a few days ago I posted several photos of several Mallee Ringnecks taken just north of Peterborough in the mid-north of South Australia. As I left the reserve where I took those photos, I drove slowly along the dirt road back towards the town. I stopped several times to take a few photos of the local birds.
This was early in March and we were having a particularly hot spell of weather. By the time I had left the nature reserve, the air was beginning to really heat up. I thought that it might be prudent to head back to my brother-in-law’s home and lay low during the worst of the heat. On my way home, I spotted several small flocks of Galahs having a drink at several old baths in the nearby paddocks. The local farmers had placed these bath tubs in their horse paddocks, brought the water pipe to the bathtubs, installed floats and thus provided a water source for their horses and sheep.
Naturally, the Galahs have endorsed this installation by also indulging in an early morning drink before the heat of the day to come. The second photo (the one immediately below) is unfortunately spoiled by the thin line of the fencing wire passing across the face of two of the birds. I did not notice this when taking the photo. It was only when I downloaded the photo and enlarged it on my computer that I noticed the wire. Such are the hazards of photography.


ATP Acapulco Live Streaming is now available online. Find out how to watch the ATP Acapulco Open for free - no download or membership fees.
The ATP Acapulco Open is the concluding clay-court event in the four-tournament ‘Golden Swing’ that runs across South America. It is also referred to as the Abierto Mexicano Telcel. The Mexico-based event takes on particular significance in the Swing as it is currently classified as an ATP World Tour 500 Series event. Participants will also be spurred on by the overall prize money of just over 950,000 US dollars.
The event was based in Mexico City between 1993 and 2000. The tournament was not held in 1999. Following a relocation in 2001, the ATP Acapulco Open is now played in the Fairmont Acapulco Princess venue, home to eight clay courts. The centre court seats up to 6,000 fans.
Acapulco, a world famous beach resort, is an ideal location for the Abierto Mexicano Telcel. The city of Acapulco became particularly popular in the 1950s, as film stars and millionaires started to take vacations in the sea port city. Although the majority of tourists in Acapulco these days are Mexican nationals, the city remains popular and is still known to for its nightlife.
The winner of the inaugural competition was the ‘King of Clay’, Austria’s Thomas Muster. Muster went on to win the tournament for the following three years in a row. Muster wasn’t the only clay court specialist to lift the trophy at the ATP Acapulco Open. Rafael Nadal, Carlos Moya, Gustavo Kuerten, Juan Ignacio Chela, Nicolas Almagro and David Ferrer are also former champions here.
There is a glaring absence of a Mexican champion from the list of singles winners. That said, Leonardo Levalle won doubles titles in 1993 and 1995, so the tournament has at least witnessed one home grown winner. A number of powerhouse partnerships have also risen above the crowd to win the men’s doubles here, such as, Ferrer and Santiago Ventura, Mark Knowles and Daniel Nestor, Kuerten and Donald Johnson, and the Bryan brothers.
Acapulco also stages a WTA event, which has been attended by some of the best players in women’s tennis. Venus Williams, Flavia Pennetta and Amanda Coetzer are all two time champions here. Pennetta’s history in this tournament is particularly impressive. She’s a four-time runner-up in Acapulco as well.
The ATP Acapulco Open is an award winning tournament that is popular with competitors and fans alike. The event has a lot of prestige associated with it, and usually attracts the majority of the ATP’s most accomplished clay-court players. It provides a fitting finale to the ‘Golden Swing’.
To watch free live streams of the Acapulco Open online, simply open a free account with one of our fully licensed live streaming partners such as bet365. To access the live feed, go to bet365 > live streaming tennis


First documentary filmed of the oldest living photojournalist in the West Coast, and oldest Mercury News reporter, Dwight Bentel, age 100.
Dwight Bentel, is the founder of the school of journalism at San Jose State University and the first photographer to record images of Death Valley in California and archived in the U.S. Department of Interior.
The film was appraised by Pulitzer Prize Winners: Kim Komenich, Steve Starr, and Doug Parker. All three Prize Winners also star in this piece.
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corporate tax rate
The Viagra maker isn't just moving there for the Guinness draught.
The most popular argument for cutting corporate taxes -- that it helps create jobs -- doesn’t seem to be true.
In the second part of his interview with me, the Nobel Prize-winning economist Joseph E. Stiglitz says that such lucrative loopholes are contributing to America's inequality problem and persistent unemployment rate.
Mark Jacobs, a top GOP contender for the seat of departing Iowa Sen. Tom Harkin (D), made more than $34 million as a top executive at Reliant Energy, while his company repeatedly suffered major losses, & at times avoided paying federal income taxes.
Perhaps the solution to some political problems really are so obvious that even a child can see them. It is too bad that this does not guarantee that they will also be perceived by our elected representatives.

domain: politics


AeroVironment wins $4.9m US Army contract
AeroVironment, Inc. announced that it received a contract on June 29 from the US Army Close Combat Weapons Systems (CCWS), Program Executive Office Missiles and Space (PEO MS). The $4,907,840 contract for the Switchblade agile munition includes engineering services and operational systems for deployment with the US Army.
This award represents the culmination of years of development, testing, demonstrations and customer evaluations. The prototype Switchblade system previously received Safety Confirmation and underwent Military Utility Assessment with the US Army in the fall of 2010. The award is for rapid fielding of this capability to deployed combat forces.
The Switchblade air vehicle launches from a small tube that can be carried in a backpack and transmits live color video wirelessly for display on AeroVironment's standard small unmanned aircraft system (UAS) ground control unit. Upon confirming the target using the live video feed, the operator then sends a command to the air vehicle to arm it and lock its trajectory onto the target. Flying quietly at high speed the Switchblade delivers its onboard explosive payload with precision while minimizing collateral damage. With the ability to call off a strike even after the air vehicle is armed, Switchblade provides a level of control not available in other weapon systems.
"The unique capabilities provided by the Switchblade agile munition for standoff engagement, accuracy and controlled effects make it an ideal weapon for today's fight and for US military forces of the future," said Bill Nichols, deputy product director at the Army's Close Combat Weapons Systems project office.
Instead of requiring support from weapon systems controlled by other operating units, operators will be able to use the ground launched Switchblade variant to respond to enemy combatants with precision fire from a significant standoff distance, when and where required.
"Our dedicated team developed this breakthrough solution with a focus on satisfying important customer needs," said Tom Herring, AeroVironment senior vice president and general manager of Unmanned Aircraft Systems. "Just as our small unmanned aircraft systems provide game-changing reconnaissance capabilities to ground forces, Switchblade provides a revolutionary rapid strike capability to protect our troops and give them a valuable new advantage on the battlefield."
More from Uncrewed Vehicles
The US Army has intentions to develop light, medium and heavy variants of the Robotic Combat Vehicle (RCV) as part of the branche’s Next Generation Combat Vehicle family.
DroneSentry-X, a cross-vehicle compatible, automated 360° C-UAS detect and defeat device, can offer 360° awareness and protection using integrated sensors. According to its manufacturer, it is suitable for mobile operations, on-site surveillance and on-the-move missions.
Funded by the country’s former president, the new C-UAS systems will be sent to the frontline where they have already been tested against Russian invading forces.


As far as I know, Scamp
is the only molded option with a wet bath and a chance of staying under 1800# loaded. Casita
made the Patriot Deluxe, but it typically weighs in well over 2000#. The occasional, rare Trillium
Sidekick shows up with a wet bath; I don’t know about weight
. Nothing larger than 13’ has a chance. Even with Scamp
, it will be close.
Dry weights do not include options, gear, or provisions, so the real towing weight
will typically be 400-600 pounds higher in this size trailer. Bath models tend toward the high end of the range. See the thread “Trailer Weights in the Real World” in the General Chat section for data on various makes and models (post #297 links to a spreadsheet).
I’m curious what CR-V model has a tow rating of 1800#. We’re on our second- great vehicles, both- but every one I’ve looked at since 2003 was rated to tow 1500#. I haven’t looked closely at the current generation, though. Because we are four people, we bought a Pilot to tow our non-bath Scamp 13.
If you do consider alternatives to a CR-V, Honda is getting ready to roll out a new model. The 2019 Passport will be a shortened, 2-row version of the Pilot with the same V6 engine. It will be a very capable tow vehicle for smaller molded trailers and would open up a lot more choices.
There are other great choices outside the Honda family as well. The Toyota RAV4 Adventure model has mechanical upgrades giving it a 3500# tow rating. I personally think that's a bit optimistic for a non-turbo 4 cylinder, but it would be perfect for a 13' Scamp. Mazda CX5, Subaru Outback (have to watch tongue weight), and Ford Escape
are other compact crossovers with 2000# or higher tow ratings.


2022 proved to be a very successful year for new car designs, especially electric vehicles. The technology available for the production of cars has never been better, which means the calibre of EVs is at an all-time high. Read on to find out some of the new and exciting EVs that will be on our radar for 2023.
The Hyundai Kona is a high-performing EV that brings together a useful range, innovative technology and comfortable interiors that allows it to be a powerful all-rounder, successfully ticking many boxes.
There are different battery options to choose from when it comes to the Kona, however to get the most range from the EV, the best option to select would be the 64kWh that gives a claimed range of 300 miles. The bold exterior body design after the new facelift gives the Hyundai a high-end feel, which is supported by a sleek minimal design on the inside of the vehicle. The Kona also comes in a petrol and a hybrid version.
Ford E-Tourneo Custom
After the huge success of Ford’s first commercial EV, the E-Transit, their next venture into the electric world has been eagerly awaited.
The Ford Tourneo Custom is a popular vehicle in its own right with both commercial customers and families alike. An exceptionally functional people carrier that offers endless practicality, it’s no wonder Ford have brought out an all-electric version to meet consumer demand. The E-Tourneo Custom has 'L-Mode' that can be selected to make the vehicle's battery last even longer by increasing the rate at which the battery charges using regenerative braking.
Vauxhall Astra Electric
Vauxhall’s new Astra Electric has a sleek, aerodynamic exterior to match its practical yet futuristic infotainment and control technology. Harbouring two 10-inch screens to optimise driver ease, 152bhp and an impressive range of 258 miles, the Astra Electric is definitely a vehicle to watch in 2023.
In contrast to some of the other EVs in the Vauxhall range, the brand-new Astra Electric will not be following the naming pattern of the Corsa-e and Mokka-e. This could be to illustrate how the Astra Electric is equal in performance to its combustion engine counterpart, and how Vauxhall may wish to showcase their EVs in the future.
The ID3 has various options for interior design and five striking paint colours for the exterior to choose from, so you can really make this Volkswagen your own.
In terms of performance, there are also different battery options to select from. Starting off with the entry level, you can expect a range of 217 miles on a single charge thanks to a 45-kWh battery. The top spec of the ID3 is the Pro S, with an incredible 336 mile range from a powerful 77-kWh battery.
Moving up to the more premium end of the EV scale, the Polestar 2 has a sophisticated exterior style paired with a high-tech interior that provides the driver with the ultimate experience. The Polestar boasts four USB charging points to make sure your device is topped up on the go. You will also be able to connect your smartphone to the vehicle’s huge 11.2-inch infotainment system to make calls and play your music library.
The highest specification of the Polestar 2 has an impressive range of up to 341 miles, so any range anxiety can be put to rest in this top-class vehicle.
Speak to one of our sales representatives today about the possibility of adding one of these electric cars to your fleet.


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Family and friends gathered with balloons and good wishes for Tatyana Babineaux's 10th birthday Saturday, but Tatyana was not there.
This gathering was to remember the girl killed by a hit-and-run driver weeks before she would have turned 10.
Gina Babineaux wrote messages of love on balloons before a small crowd of family and friends released them to the skies over Hardberger Park.
She said she still hurts, but will always remember her daughter as someone who loved life and loved people.
She also said she wants to make sure other children are safe as they walk to school, as Tatyana did the morning a driver ran her down and left the scene.
Federal agents arrested 39 year-old Isidro Espinosa-Solis at the U.S.-Mexico border.
He's now in the Bexar County Jail charged in connection with Tatyana's death.

domain: sociology


text:
Five-year-old Jimmy Higgins is brazenly snatched from the middle of a busy airport; but this is no ordinary kidnapping. Jimmy's mother is Scarlett, a reality TV star who, dying of cancer, entrusted the boy to her friend Stephanie Harker. Now Stephanie, reaching into the past to discover the motive behind the abduction, soon encounters a shocking tale of murder and conspiracy, and is faced by the most difficult choice of her life.
©2012 Val McDermid (P)2012 W F Howes Ltd
I am a huge fan of Val McDermid and have every audiobook of hers I can get. I am normally totally gripped and resent having to stop listening. This book however is the total opposite. It is incredibly long winded, moving very slowly indeed. Very difficult to get really engaged into it as a result. The plot rather than feeling gripping, just feels quite childish most of the time, as if little real thinking has gone into it, and as for the climax, well it is just ludicrous. A real disappointment and just completely unexpected from this author - feels to me like it was written by someone different.
The plot is superficially strong (drawing heavily on an actual news story) but a number of loose ends or dead ends makes one wonder if the author lost interest in it or had to rush it out before she did a proper professional job. Two major questions among many: is the FBI agent intended as no more than a plot vehicle? If so, why are we made privy to her innermost thoughts? Were we not intended to sympathise/identify to some degree? If so, why is she just dropped mid-way through? The other question is harder to frame without giving away the ending, but perhaps I can say that I was amazed when the book ended abruptly, not so much because of the action, as the effrontery of the author in cutting and running without any kind of explanation, follow-up or resolution.
Absolutley not, but I probably won't bother with this author again.
She was OK.
I would have wanted major changes to way in which the main protagonist's story is unfolded. She is in the custody of an FBI agent who ought to be trying to get her cut to the chase, not prose on about the back story. After all, there's a child out there somewhere. The noises off are insuficient to suggest that there is any sense of urgency. This whole section feels really odd. I would also have urged the author to do some major work on the ending.
I've read some of the professional reviews which are uniformly ecstatic at the brilliance of this author and this book. It's made me wonder how many of the reviewers had actually read it or, even more cynically, whether any of them would dare to write a negative review of a book by this national treasure.
The story line, based on the relationship between a ghost writer, Stephanie, and her reality TV celebrity, Scarlett, is tedious beyond belief. The lengthy study of their growing friendship made me want to give up listening many times, especially as the narrator used the Australian rising inflection in her voice so frequently it became like listening to finger nails scraping on a chalk board. The thriller part of the book is hidden inside the main storyline and, although I persevered, its culmination is not worth waiting for. It seemed to me the author got fed up with it and, like a primary school child's story, decided that it would be better to end it with, "and then she died!". Don't bother!
This had a really gripping start, but then the pace slowed so much that the story lost its edge. Too much detail of the back story told in a rather laborious way, even though it was supposed to be an interrogation into a kidnapping. The ending was a bit ridiculous.
The opening sequence was quite good and promised much, but the rest was a little predictable, somewhat tedious, and the ending an anticlimax
No, I know of much better books I could recomend
clear, a little uninteresting, OK
First time I listen to a Val McDermid book. Thought it would be more thrilling bits... Narrator was rather good, not the best but fully acceptable. But it was a entertaining book.
This was an excellent story with a good twist at the end. The author has clearly taken some real life events and imagined a story around them which worked for this book. I thought the character development was good and thoroughly enjoyed the whole story. The only downside was that I found the narrator with her odd verbal emphasise slightly annoying but that just might be me. Overall, I found the whole book engaging, well written and I would recommend it.
What is a really good British history book?
unexpected, unexpected and unexpected...why ? Because it was an unexpected story line from VM, unexpectedly interesting lot and unexpected ending...
The flow of the story was excellent and the ending was good.
It did remind me of Jade Goody, the Essex location, the background, the loser husband, the baby boy, the terminal illness...etc...all seemed very familiar.
I have only reached chapter 9 but felt compelled to write a review, I love it, a new style for Val McDermid but great listening. The humour has had my husband enquiring why I am laughing out loud while cooking sunday lunch... more please Val. I love "Tony Hill" but love this too. A GREAT LISTEN
It's a bit of a challenge fairly rating a book that is fantastic nearly all the way through, but right at the end the writer drops the bundle and delivers a truly silly finale. My overall feeling about it is 'extremely enjoyable book.... but....'. The narration is brilliant. I'll be looking out for this narrator in the future. She's up there with the best and springs the characters into vibrant life. Writing wise, full points to Val McDermid for a wonderfully lively book that is very different from any other of her books. It isn't a crime novel, instead she focuses on the world of reality tv. It isn't a book with a lot of tension, but it's very enjoyable. Thoroughly worth hearing, but unfortunately let down by the implausible end which sounded like the writer ran out of time or ideas for finishing the book.
The books had a few unexpected twists and turns and I was keen to continue listening to see what was going to happen next.
The book was too long to listen to in one sitting - I did not realise at the time of purchase that it was unabridged so quite a long story. I did find some of the lengthy descriptions a little bit tiresome at times - I just didn't need all that extra information, and wanted to get on with the story! But I guess it did add to the visual picture you could form.
This is the first audio book I have listened to, and thoroughly enjoyed the experience, and am keen to listen to my next one!
Great story with a twist at the end! Good narration, not easy with so many different accents.
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domain: artistic


Beleaguered Chinese telecom Huawei is set to unveil its first 5G smartphone next month, beginning its rollout in China and then later to other telecoms worldwide.
The Huawei Mate 20 X 5G smartphone includes the Kirin 980 artificial intelligence chip, a 6.53 in pearl screen, super high screen ratio, super macro image and large wide camera. The phone will retail at about $980.
Huawei is the second-largest smartphone supplier worldwide, having taken the position in the first quarter of the year, according to IDC. So it is likely the company will see a rapid uptake in its 5G smartphone sales as the phone becomes available in China and later in other countries.
Later this year, Sunrise Communications AG in Switzerland will start selling the Mate 20 X 5G. And other countries are likely to follow suit, except perhaps the U.S.
Earlier this year, the U.S. warned other countries against using Huawei 5G equipment for deployment of next-generation communications networks. Australia and New Zealand followed suit, saying they would not use Huawei equipment. However, during the auctions for the mobile broadband spectrum, Germany said it would not automatically rule out the company for its 5G equipment.
Later, the U.K. said it would also entertain using Huawei equipment depending on the circumstances. France plans to roll out 5G services in 2020 and had previously relied on Huawei equipment for its communications services. Recently, a U.K. committee found there was no reason Huawei should be excluded from the country’s telecommunications networks, opening the door for the country to use the equipment moving forward.
Meanwhile, rival Chinese smartphone maker ZTE Corp. started selling its first 5G smartphone, the Axon 10 Pro 5G, in Finland, which also marks the first commercial 5G sales in the country. ZTE said it will also start selling the smartphone in other parts of Europe soon as well as in China and the Middle East.


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Baghdad "Street Lawyers" Come to the Rescue of Orphans and Vulnerable Kids at Risk of Trafficking
The Iraqi Children Foundation (ICF) extends special recognition to the "Baghdad Street Lawyers” – a team of male and female staff attorneys and social workers – who have distinguished themselves in helping rescue children who are victims of trafficking.
The team, working with local authorities, helps investigate suspected cases of trafficking and then defends the children who are victims and assists in post-trafficking care. With so many orphans and children displaced by recent conflict, the risks are high. But donor support makes possible high impact legal interventions for some of the most vulnerable kids. Recent cases include the following stories.
When police arrested a woman begging on the streets with a 3-year old girl - Noor* - the woman claimed Noor was her daughter but had lost the girl's legal documents. The Baghdad Street Lawyers offered to help her recover them so she could get government support rather than begging, but the woman refused. That seemed odd, so the lawyers investigated and discovered that the woman was not related to the little girl. The woman was charged with kidnapping and confessed that Noor had been sold to her by kidnappers. Little Noor was given safe custody until police could locate her family.
Rumors were circulating that a local massage business was exploiting juvenile girls for prostitution, so a social worker with the Street Lawyers started monitoring the place. On his first visit, he found no girls but on a later visit, he discovered 4 girls (ages 16-17) working in prostitution. They notified authorities at the Directorate for Combating Human Trafficking who raided the center, arrested the staff, and closed the business. The Street Lawyers learned the girls' parents had actually sold them to the massage business which forced them into prostitution so they sued both the parents and the owner. Then they got approval for the girls to go live at a shelter for the homeless.
Hasan,* a teenage orphan, was looking for work to support his widowed mother. A man offered him a job but when he went to work, he learned the man wanted to buy his kidney instead. Hasan refused but the man persisted, tempting him with clothes and alcohol. One evening, after succumbing to the man's offers, Hasan was arrested for underage drinking. Again, the man offered to bail Hasan out in exchange for his kidney but Hasan refused. In retaliation, the man filed charges against Hasan, accusing him of fraud and stealing. The Street Lawyers were called in and helped investigate with recorded phone calls and video. When the facts were exposed, Hasan was released and the man charged with the crime of trafficking in human organs.
Zainab* (16) was arrested for prostitution but when the Street Lawyers took her case, they learned she and other girls had been lured to Baghdad with promises of jobs in a beauty salon. When they arrived, they were instead locked in an apartment and exploited for prostitution. The Street Lawyers defended the girls in court under Iraq's Anti-Trafficking Law, securing their release as victims of a crime. Because of the risk of honor killings if they went home, the judge sent the girls to a government homeless shelter.
Ali* and Ahmed*, 6 and 7 year old orphaned boys, were living with a poor uncle after their parents died. Another relative asked the uncle if Ali and Ahmed could come live with him, promising to take good care of them. Unfortunately, the relative trafficked the boys by forcing them to work begging on the streets. Police picked up the boys for begging and the Street Lawyers and social workers took the case, got the boys released, and returned them to the poor uncle who cares for them and keeps them off the streets.
Want to support these lawyers and social workers who do the hard work of protecting kids from trafficking? Do so at www.iraqichildren.org/donate. Please note that names of children (*) are changed to protect their identity. Pictures above illustrate the street kids, orphans, and displaced children who are so at risk of trafficking but do not depict actual children in the stories.

domain: news


As an Oklahoma gardener, it is vital that they plant shrubs and trees that bear fruit rapidly, or trees that perform functions such as providing shade to the homes and cooling them as soon as possible. Planting a fast-growing tree, or even a big tree, is the main decision that the gardener has to make.
On the surface this may seem like a good thing. However, under OK conditions the tree’s cell walls tend to grow more and more, resulting in a decrease in lignin and cellulose deposits inside the tree. As a result, trees may suffer injury or die.
One of the most rapid-growing shade trees in Ohio is the sycamore tree, the weeping will tree, and the tulip poplar tree. It is said that the leaves of the oak tree, the red maple tree, and the elm tree turn a brilliant yellow in the fall. All three of these trees are native to Oklahoma. Among the trees that grow into giant shade trees in Oklahoma are the Ginkgo tree, the Golden Raintree tree, and the Bald Cypress tree. The Sassafras trees and Green Ash trees.
As winter approaches, Japanese Magnolia trees start losing their leaves and cover themselves with large, fragrant pink flowers. As the winter approaches, there are two types of Japanese Magnolia trees in Ohio: the Southern Magnolia and the Northern Magnolia. It is an evergreen shade tree that blooms in large white flowers throughout the summer and fall that are very fragrant and fragrant when they bloom. Magnolia grandiflora is one of the largest shade trees in the world.
When early spring comes around, it is a wonderful time to see red, white, and pink dogwood trees, redbud trees, and blue and purple Wisteria trees. Its leaves are spectacularly colored in the fall after the first frost, so they make great privacy screens and windbreaks. They can grow up to 10 feet a season, making them ideal for privacy screens and windbreaks.
It is a variety of dark, sweet cherries known as the Black Tartarian. These cherries have been popular for many years among homeowners due to the pollination they provide a number of cherry varieties, as well as the superior fruit yields they produce. If you are looking for a tree that will provide you with tasty fruit for years, the Black Tartarian tree is the ideal choice!
There is nothing more beautiful than the pristine splendor of the cherry blossoms adorning the branches of this cherry tree when they bloom in the spring.
Upon the end of the flowering period of your Black Tartaria, the trees will start producing the fruit that is the most recognizable characteristic of this tree after developing green glossy leaves. There are many leaves on this tree, and each one is glossy dark green, waxy, and toothed along the edges, with a pointed tip, and they are available all year round.
From early to mid-summer, you can enjoy the sight of sun-warmed, sweet snacks under the shady trees of your Black Tartarian. However, make sure to keep in mind that one of the strongest points of this plant is its outstanding fruit.
It is a good choice to plant the Sweetheart Cherry Tree (Prunus avium ‘Sweetheart’), which will produce tasty fruit that will make your neighborhood talk. The low-maintenance nature of this Cherry tree makes it a great choice for beginning vegetable gardeners.
The blooms that form by mid-April lead to an early harvest in mid-July of delicious cherries that are scattered throughout the glossy, bright-green foliage of the tree, like little ornaments, amidst the pristine pinkish-white blooms.
In addition to having a smooth, crisp exterior, this cherry also has a shiny, bright exterior that has a heart shape. You are going to want to eat this cherry because of its delicious sweet flavor and meaty and firm interior flesh. This cherry has just a hint of acidic-tart undertone that will give you the perfect bite. Even after picking, it still retains its crispness after being picked.
This sweet cherry has the amazing feature of ripening slowly over a few weeks. Therefore, you can extend your harvest season for a number of weeks…and what a harvest it is!
A Corum tree (Prunus avium ‘Corum’) produces flowers that give off a red blush and a flavor that is distinct and tasty, so get your cherries from home for a plentiful supply if you can’t get enough from your local store.
It is about a week or so before Royal Ann ripens. Corum will yield plenty of sweet cherries throughout the season. These two popular varieties have blooming times that overlap in the late spring; they would be a perfect pollination partner if planted together.
It is a very tender cherry with a light, fruity flavor that is good for freezing, brining, and canning. Fresh fruit is of course a must when you entertain.
There is nothing wrong with planting fruit trees in a landscape. What’s the harm in that? People grow fruit trees everywhere in our country – even in suburban landscapes.
Trying and growing Sweet Cherries Lambert (Prunus avium ‘Lambert’) in your garden can prove to be one of the most rewarding and reliable additions you can make. They are not only attractive to look at, but they are also delicious to eat.
Whether you are using them as fresh cherries or preserving them for later use, they are deep red, heart-shaped, and taste great as fresh cherries.
You can get your hands on this special selection that has been cultivated for 150 years and enjoyed by many people.
The Lambert Sweet Cherry trees can be ordered right now from our expert growers at Nature Hills. We are confident that you will be pleased with the results, and all the people around you will be glad you did.
Among the many easy-to-grow shrubs that are suitable for planting in the landscape, the Nanking Cherry Bush (Prunus tomentosa) is an excellent option for those living in cold winter zones between 2 and 6. Pears, which are slightly sweet and tart, are delicious eaten by themselves or baked into pies.
In the springtime, it’s wonderful to be outside enjoying the beauty! The shrub’s buds are pink in the spring, and when they open, they reveal lovely white flowers. An early bloomer such as this is much appreciated after the long winter.
In addition to providing nectar to butterflies and pollinators, the white blossoms of this plant also attract hummingbirds in addition to providing nectar to butterflies and pollinators. According to florists, this plant is seen as a harbinger of spring because the flowers are both fragrant and frost-tolerant.
As a cultural practice, Nanking Cherry has been cultivated in harsh climates for centuries. The foliage has a delicate, textured appearance that contrasts well with the berries, which are a clear, brilliant red. As a result, Nanking Cherry produces delicious red fruit.
The cherry cherry is a shrub that is found in abundance on the tree, so if you have a backyard homestead, you may want to consider planting an orchard. The cherry cherry is the first cherry to flower, and fruits are produced in abundance.
There are cherry Stella trees which are compact, self-fruitful and produce glossy black fruit with juicy, red flesh, which are very attractive with their shiny, heart-shaped fruit. It is one of those trees that appears like a jewel in summer with glossy black fruit with juicy red flesh.
With bright green foliage and the fact that it naturally grows upright, the compact tree is ideal for home gardens. It offers a great deal of space-saving benefits as well.
Early spring is the time when the trees bloom in beautiful white blooms that are incredibly fragrant. The blooms are an immediate attraction for local pollinators. Throughout the summer months, it produces clusters of gorgeous shiny red fruit, almost black, that have a dark red color.
A Stella cherry is known for its excellent taste, plumpness, and firmness, and for its excellent flavor.


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Car accidents are quite common. If you think about how much time you spend in the car surrounded by a bunch of drivers that you don’t know with all types of varying degrees of driving skill, it’s actually kind of scary. Most people are involved in at least a couple of car accidents in their lifetime. And, even if your accident is not fatal, it can definitely be costly and can cause more than its fair share of headaches. Trying to sort out all of the details in the aftermath of a complicated car accident can be very confusing and even overwhelming. In complicated accident situations contacting a Car Accident Lawyer in Cincinnati will be very helpful. To help avoid serious injuries or even death in a car accident, take some precautionary measures. Develop habits that will help you be a safe driver. Also, take time to think through possible scenarios and courses of action if you see that an accident is eminent. If anyone is hurt from the accident, then you’ll need to call emergency medical help as soon as possible.
Make a habit of wearing your seatbelt. Never drive a car without functioning seatbelts and airbags. Take your car in for regular maintenance check-ups on the brakes, engine, suspension and tires so that accidents are not a result of a mechanical failure in your car. Be a conscientious and cautious driver. If the weather is not ideal, slow down. A growing factor that may be directly related to many accidents recently is the use of cell phones while driving. Be smart and decide not to text while driving and limit talking on the phone or get headphones that allow you to remain focused on driving while talking. If you can see an accident coming, then act calmly and deliberately. Your car will respond better if you use measured, smooth braking and steering. If you jerk the wheel suddenly out of panic, you could cause your vehicle to roll which could have very serious implications. Sometimes even accelerating will be the best course of action because it can help you actually avoid the accident. If you cannot avoid a collision, try to minimize impact by reducing your speed and avoid a side collision at all costs.
Working With A Lawyer
If you’re involved in an accident resulting in serious injury, then you will likely need to hire a Car Accident Lawyer in Cincinnati. Working with a lawyer will be very beneficial as you face mounting medical bills and fight for a fair settlement from the insurance company. Find a lawyer who has extensive experience working on similar cases as yours, particularly someone who specializes in personal injury. A lawyer will already understand the laws and procedures of managing a court case and will have a lot of experience working with insurance companies. Since injuries can be long-lasting and even life-altering, coming to what feels like a ‘fair’ settlement may be very difficult. However, working with a lawyer can help you get the best settlement possible for your case.

domain: law


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Former American tennis professional Patrick McEnroe recently commented on Novak Djokovic regaining his top spot in the ATP singles rankings.
Djokovic leveled long-time rival Rafael Nadal's record of 22 Grand Slam singles titles by winning the 10th Australian Open of his career on Sunday, January 29. The Serb beat Stefanos Tsitsipas 6-3, 7-6(4), 7-6(5) in the title match, as a result of which he also overtook Carlos Alcaraz for the World No. 1 spot.
McEnroe turned to social media to reflect on Djokovic's comeback to the zenith of the ATP singles rankings.
"Back where @DjokerNole belongs," Patrick McEnroe captioned his tweet.
Tsitsipas, who lost to Djokovic for the second time in a Grand Slam final, moved up one spot to be ranked at No. 3. Nadal, who was ranked No. 2 before the tournament, dropped four spots after a poor outing at the Australian Open.
This week will be Djokovic's 374th week at the top, just three weeks shy of Steffi Graf's all-time record of 377 weeks.
Novak Djokovic has kickstarted his 2023 season by winning two ATP tournaments in January
Novak Djokovic has been in fine form since the start of the 2023 season. The Serbian maestro kicked off his season by winning the Adelaide International 1, the first tournament of 2023.
Seeded No. 1 at the ATP 250 tournament, the 35-year-old beat Australian Open quarterfinalist Sebastian Korda, 6-7(8), 7-6(3), 6-4 to win the title. The set he dropped against Korda was his first in the entire tournament.
Djokovic had earlier defeated the likes of Denis Shapovalov and former World No. 1 Daniil Medvedev to get to the final. The 10-time Australian Open winner beat Medvedev, 6-3, 6-4 in the semifinals, while he cruised past Shapovalov 6-3, 6-4 in the quarterfinals of the event.
Returning to the Australian Open a year after the infamous deportation ordeal last year, Djokovic went past most of his opponents with ease. The Serb dropped just one set en route to his 10th title at the Melbourne Major.
Ahead of the tournament, Djokovic's participation in the Australian Open was in doubt due to an injury scare that forced him to retire midmatch from an exhibition match against Medvedev. But the Serb quickly negated those concerns and returned to the court to play some of the best tennis of his life.
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