Manganese in water tied to kids' low IQ
Communities studied between Montreal and Quebec City
Last Updated: Monday, September 20, 2010 | 3:12 PM ET
An IQ comparison shows that Canadian regulations on manganese in drinking water should be updated to protect children, Quebec researchers say.
The average IQ of children whose tap water was in the upper 20 per cent of manganese concentration was six points below children whose water contained little or no manganese, the researchers found.National and international guidelines for safe manganese levels in water should be revised, Quebec researchers say. (CBC)
The study looked at 362 children aged six to 13. The amount of manganese from tap water and food was estimated, based on the results of a questionnaire.
Manganese is a naturally occurring metal found in groundwater. It is an essential nutrient, but in excessive amounts, it can damage the nervous system. It occurs in naturally high levels in several parts of Quebec, New Brunswick and other regions, researchers say.
Their study, published in Monday's online issue of the journal Environmental Health Perspectives, focused on manganese levels in drinking water in eight communities along the St. Lawrence River between Montreal and Quebec City.
All the towns chosen for the study rely on ground water for drinking, either from municipal or private wells that aren't specially treated for manganese.
"I studied mercury, lead, PCBs, and usually the associations we see are more in the range of one IQ point, two, maybe three IQ points," said the study's lead author, Maryse Bouchard of the University of Quebec at Montreal's Centre for Interdisciplinary Studies in Biology, Health, Society and Environment.
"But this is a very strong effect," she added in an interview.
The manganese concentrations were well below current guidelines, the researchers said.
Cognition, motor skills
The towns were chosen because of the high concentrations of naturally occurring manganese in the area.
Each child was also assessed with a range of tests of cognition, motor skills and behaviour.
Factors such as family income, maternal intelligence, maternal education and the presence of other metals in the water were taken into account.
"The findings from the present study support the hypothesis that low-level, chronic exposure to manganese from drinking water is associated with significant intellectual impairments in children," the study's authors concluded.
"Because of the common occurrence of this metal in drinking water and the observed effects at low manganese concentration in water, we believe that national and international guidelines for safe manganese in water should be revisited."
The researchers also called for the findings to be tested in another population.
Manganese is not on the list of inorganic substances in the Quebec Environment Ministry's drinking water standards.
The Canadian Institutes for Health Research funded the study.
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Botulism: What is it? As the Pink Sauce chef’s broadcast on the FDA clearance causes internet criticism, symptoms are researched.
Pink Sauce from TikTok has gone viral online. Although many people find the condiment intriguing, several have criticised it for listing incorrect nutritional information on the label. Chef Pii, the originator, has faced criticism since then. Internet users are now worried about whether the manufacturer of the product is adhering to FDA guidelines and has obtained authorization from the federal agency to sell the product across the nation.
The Miami celebrity chef Chef Pii’s viral sauce has amassed a large following and a number of consumers. Due to the product’s incorrect nutrition label, which was previously mentioned, the fact that it was shipped during a heat wave, and its questionable ingredients, which include sunflower seed oil, distilled vinegar, lemon juice, milk, citric acid, dragon fruit, and garlic, among others, many people have expressed concern about the product’s sale.
Pii was bombarded with inquiries about the product’s FDA approval as the young developer answered questions during an Instagram live session about the $20 price tag for the sauce. Cook Pii stated:
How does FDA approval work? I don’t market or sell medicines. A medical product is not what The Pink Sauce is. Your health does not benefit from the Pink Sauce. Did I really say that?
The FDA is in charge of ensuring that food products other than those from cattle, poultry, and some egg products are “safe, healthy, sanitary, and appropriately marked,” according to the FDA’s official website.
The FDA informed sources that in order to guarantee the items are manufactured in a safe manner, the sauce maker must adhere to current Good Manufacturing Practices. The representative stated:
As is always the case, it is up to the maker to keep the food on the market safe, healthful, and compliant with all relevant legal and regulatory standards.
It is still unknown, though, whether Chef Pii registered her sauce with the FDA.
Experts advise against using the condiment because it is uncertain whether the FDA has approved it and whether the nutrition label is accurate. Brigette Joseph, a chef and expert on food safety, told Yahoo that food goods must always receive FDA approval before being delivered to places. The chef also mentioned that the sauce can make you sick because it contains honey.
Botulism, a rare but deadly condition brought on by a toxin produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum, may be brought on by pink sauce. The poison affects the nerve system, which might inexorably result in respiratory failure and paralysis. When discussing the same, Joseph disclosed:
“In some circumstances, natural bacteria found in raw honey can lead to botulism, a severe form of food poisoning. Therefore, it is not surprising that some people claim to have become extremely unwell after consuming the pink sauce.
Dry mouth, difficulty breathing, drooping eyelids, nausea, stomach cramps, paralysis, weakness on both sides of the face, difficulty eating and speaking are just a few signs of foodborne botulism.
Consuming the Pink Sauce was “risky,” according to Ben Chapman, a North Carolina State University professor and expert on food safety. He explained that the presence of oils and garlic in the food could result in an unfavourable pH level, making it dangerous to ship without refrigeration. Chapman elucidated:
“Putting those two together and leaving it at room temperature has resulted in botulism in other circumstances.”
While a number of commenters expressed their scepticism regarding the product, Chef Pii reassured followers that the Pink Sauce would not disappear. Her team is “working diligently to settle all discrepancies,” she added, according to Insider.

domain: food


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Europa League quarter-finals draw in full: Arsenal handed horrible Napoli test15th March 2019
Arsenal will face Napoli in the quarter-finals of this season’s Europa League.
The Gunners overturned a 3-1 first-leg defeat against Rennes to make it this far, triumphing 3-0 at the Emirates Stadium on Thursday night.
Napoli beat Red Bull Salzburg 3-0 in their first leg before losing 3-1 in the second, but in reality, the Italians were perhaps the one side other than Chelsea that Unai Emery’s men wanted to avoid.
Chelsea, meanwhile, have been rewarded for their 8-0 aggregate honking of Dynamo Kiev with a clash against Sevilla’s late victors, Slavia Prague.


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By Gina Martinez
Republican William Kregler is hoping to become Queens borough president.
The former firefighter and fire marshal currently serves as president of the N.Y.C. Fire Marshals Benevolent Association and spent 23 years as a city Housing Authority police officer and field training officer.
According to Kregler, he is running for Queens borough president to reform the unchecked overdevelopment happening in Queens and to bring back control of neighborhoods to local school and community boards.
He contends Mayor Bill de Blasio has misled the Queens on issues involving homeless shelters, ignored community board votes and overlooked decisions to tackle the problem in the borough. He criticized Borough President Melinda Katz for not stepping up to fight for communities where the homeless have been moved to hotels.
Kregler said he wants to reduce the growing homeless emergency by removing people from the streets and addressing their individual needs instead of giving them temporary housing in hotels. He said he believes de Blasio’s methods have been destructive and only made the crisis worse while causing distrust in the community.
“It’s added insult to injury,” the Woodside resident said. “The midnight moving, converting hotels to house homeless against rules and regulations. People don’t like that. When government dictates what is good for the people by discarding rules and regulations and decisions of the community, then we must fight for our rights through our votes.”
He said one of his main focuses will be creating infrastructure and his plan is to appeal to President Donald Trump and Gov. Andrew Cuomo, who are both from Queens and both “big on infrastructure”
“I’m going to use that and get them to bring the needed money for our infrastructure,” he said. “I’m going to be the Pied Piper, show me someone who can do better. My opponent? No.”
He supports plans to create an air train that goes from LaGuardia Airport down to Manhattan in 30 minutes. According to Kreger the train would ease the burden of commuters and create more jobs.
“It’s all I think about,” he said. “To me there’s only two boroughs, Queens and then the rest, that’s my thought. Building infrastructure brings jobs and makes everyone happy.”
Kregler said he knows being borough president has its limitations in terms of passing legislation, but he would be a watchdog and advocate for the Queens community.
“I’m not here to give away keys to the city or sign proclamations,” he said. “I’m here to be a watchdog. You have a land deal that’s going to be beneficial to the whole community? I will be your errand boy, hand-walk it through every agency and move it forward quickly and efficiently for the betterment of the community.”
Kregler is also running on the Conservative line.
Reach Gina Martinez by e-mail at gmart

domain: sociology


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Islam is one of the most well-known religions in Africa, obviously. Islam instructs everybody to live in solidarity, resistance and generosity. I don't differ that Muslims have issues like some other confidence, however we need to acknowledge that Islam is unadulterated religion. Numerous Muslims these days, particularly the most universal, respect Muhammad's (SAW) picture as an awful deed.
Al Ahly head coach Pitso Mosimane is well known for always speaking his mind and never mincing his words, even during his time with Mamelodi Sundowns in the Premier Soccer League (PSL), Pitso Mosimane was notorious for his angry outbursts after matches if something he did not like happened during the match, or when a journalist asked him a question he did not like.
Source: https://youtu.be/f3_14RKqpiY Sultan Moulay Ismail of Morocco is said to have lived in the past. A legend, the Bloody King of Morocco, was so revered. A record-keeping organisation, notably the Guinness Book of Records, disputes the Sultan's claim to have had over 1,000 children during his lifetime.
Salah Lewandowski Messi Ronaldo Haaland Neymar and Mbappe are the winners of the Ballon DOr fan vote
Salah, Lewandowski, Messi, Ronaldo, Haaland, Neymar, and Mbappe are the winners of the Ballon D'Or fan vote. The results of the fans' vote for the 2021 Ballon d'Or winner are in, and they're pretty interesting. According to givemesport.com, the poll was conducted on Instagram by Transfermarkt.
1. Mohamed Salah Mohamed Salah is known as one of those players who did not fear his belief. Known as a good Muslim, the Egyptian emphasizes his faith in the field. 3. Ricardo Kaká Former Ballon d'Or winner Ricardo Kaká is one of the most honest footballers to ever step on the field.
Date: Wednesday, 10 November Bieng a football player in South Africa, the PSL is the best place to get their careers up and running, develop their skills and talent, and increase a player's market value whilst building themselves a reputation. The PSL can either make or break a player, as it is not easy to secure a regular spot in match line-ups unless they perform at their utmost best.
Mohammed Anas has been released by TS Galaxy after he was accused of being a cursed football player. The reason why he is named like this is because almost every team he has played for has either been relegated or almost got relegated. The Ghanaian born player has played for Maritzburg United back in 2014 - 2016 season and the club has always been found in the bottom 5 for the most of the time and from season to season the KZN based side almost got relegated.
With liverpool Mohammed salah scoring like crazy from different angles who will match him up until the end of the season. Scoring 11 goals and assisting. Further 7 goals. He is in a beast form at the moment with leicester city jamy Vardy coming second at the moment with 7 goals .Will the liverpool talesman Mohamed Salah continue wrecking havoc to to the opponents?
Objective uncover each record the Egypt forward has broken this term. Didier Drogba Africas top scorer The huge one; this weekendfinallyMohamed Salah became Africas unequaled top scorer in the Premier League, in the wake of thumping Didier Drogba off best position in the rankings. The Ivory Coast forward had been the landmasses top scorer in the Prem since his last mission at Chelsea, having enlisted 104 objectives in the top level, yet Salah crushed that record in style against Manchester United.
Salah is now the world's fifth highest-paid footballer. Salah Mohamed Salah Mohamed Salah Mohamed Salah Mohamed Sala Mohamed Salah, an Egypt international and Liverpool forward, was ranked fifth in Forbes' list of the top 10 highest-paid footballers. Salah just joined the Premier League's 100-goal club, a feat he accomplished in 162 appearances, trailing only Alan Shearer, Harry Kane, Sergio Aguero, and Thierry Henry.
1. Teboho Mokoena. The Supersport United anchorman displayed a man of the match performance as Bafana down neighbors Zimbabwe 1-0 courtesy of his good header finishing off from Keagan Dolly's direct cross as reported on www.kickoff.com. The 24 year old was a constant threat to Zimbabwean defense throughout the encounter, he was playing as a box to box midfielder providing attacks and defense at the same time.
Mohammed Mustafa Tabet was known by his nickname Hajj Tabet was a Moroccan serial rapist and former police commissioner who was involved in the kidnapping, rapes, and assaults of more than 500 women in his Casablanca apartment from 1986 to 1993. Source: en.yabiladi.com In 1989, Mohamed Tabet had been appointed a police commissioner in Casablanca.
It has been reported that the president of the republic of South Africa and a leader of African National Congress which is the ruling party, president Cyril Matamela Ramaphosa has been advocating for withdrawal of sanctions imposed to Zimbabwe by western countries and United Nations. What is unfortunate and many find it odd is that many Zimbabweans criticized him for advocating the lifting of Sanctions in their country.
Source: https://www.soccerladuma.co.za/news/articles/neighborhood/classes/south-africa/ts-world clarification on-mohammed-anas/708321 Bieng a football player in South Africa, the PSL is the best spot to get their vocations ready for action, foster their abilities and ability, and increment a player's reasonable worth whilebuilding themselves a standing. The PSL can either represent the moment of truth a player, as it isn't not difficult to get a standard spot in match line-ups except if they perform at their most extreme best.
ARTICLE SOURCE: MY OPINION Gustavo Poyet, a former Chelsea FC player, has voiced his opinion on the ongoing debate about who should win the next Ballon D'Or. The winner of the coveted prizes will be determined by the Ballon D'or award, which will be held on November 29th, 2021.
ARTICLE SOURCE: MY OPINION Since the beginning of the season, Arsenal FC captain Pierre-Emerick Aubameyang has not been at his best, scoring only four goals in eleven games. Arsenal FC will need to find a quality replacement for Pierre-Emerick Aubameyang in January if they are to continue their recent upward trend in the Premier League. Mohamed Bayo is a Guinean footballer who now plays in France. Mohamed Bayo, a 23-year-old Guinea international, is presently playing for Clermont Foot FC. He has no adjustment
ARTICLE SOURCE: MY OPINION Chelsea are interested in Mohamed-Ali Cho, a 17-year-old forward who presently plays for Angers in the French Ligue 1 league, according to a report in the French magazine L'Equipe. The European champions are apparently keeping an eye on the next French phenomenon, who has been dubbed "the next Mbappe" due to his physique and playing style, which are similar to that of PSG's Kylian Mbappe. At the age of 17, Mohamed-Ali Cho is already making headlines in Ligue 1. Last season, he made
The entire African football universe will always celebrate their best players, and one player in particular that has consistently been on football headlines is the Egyptian and Liverpool FC attacker Mohamed Salah. The Egyptian star player has made a name for himself in the English Premier League (EPL) for Liverpool, he just can't stop scoring and creating goals for the reds, and it appears that Salah is also admired by the new FC Barcelona head coach Xavi Hernandez as there are latest reports that suggests that he wants to bring Salah to the Spanish giants.
After a busy summer transfer window, Arsenal football club will be hoping to win even more trophies under Mikel Arteta's leadership. During the summer, the North London club made some additions to their team in order to improve their chances of competing for more trophies against Manchester City, Liverpool, and Chelsea.
Daily Post Nigeria Newspaper reported that Human Rights Writers Association of Nigeria (HURIWA) asked President Muhammadu Buhari asked to sack the Minister of Information and Culture, Alhaji Lai Mohammed immediately. HURIWA made this demand following the report of the Panel of Investigation set by the Lagos State Government to find out the truth about the incidents that happened at Lekki toll Gate, Lagos State on October 20, 2020.

domain: news


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The co-creator of Saturday Night Live is the creator of the American sketch comedy channel. The tv series was created by Broadway Video, and it’s called The American Sketch Comedy. Michael Che is a good comedian and he tells us about his point of view. The comedy we see here in America is different from what we expected because this country has changed. These comedies are fun to watch and they make people laugh. This series is usually reviewed by critics and they give them ratings like bad, good, or somewhere in between. This series has mostly received positive reviews but other TV shows like it have not been liked as much.
What is the release date of That Damn Michael Che Season 2?
The release date for the 2nd season of That Damn Michael Che has not been announced yet. It is expected to be on screens in 2022.
What is the plot of That Damn Michael Che Season 2?
Some people call Michael Che a kind of television show. These shows are known for their short-form comedic material. The show has news commentary, comedy, and other things. The comedian Michael Che brags about what he’s seen.
American sketch comedy is a TV show that has been around since the beginning of TV. It is made up of different skits all connected by one topic. American sketch comedy can be very dramatic. It can be over the top funny. Sometimes it is both at the same time, just like Michael Che’s American sketch comedy series on season two
Who will be starring in That Damn Michael Che Season 2?
- Michael Che
- Cecily Strong
- Heidi Gardener
- Colin Quinn
- Colin Jost
What is the information related to Season 2?
HBO Max has renewed the show “That Damn Michael Che” for a second season.
That Damn Michael Che has sketch comedy and vignettes that show what it is like to experience different things from Michael Che’s perspective. It came out in May and shows things like racial profiling, unemployment, and falling in love.
The first season of the show featured SNL’s Cecily Strong, Heidi Gardner, Colin Quinn, Ellen Cleghorne, and Colin Jost. They had guest stars like Omari Hardwick, Geoffrey Owens, Godfrey, and Billy Porter. And they also had Method Man on the show.
That Damn Michael Che is an NBC show. Lorne Michaels and Erin Doyle are the executive producers. Sarah Aubrey, the Head of Original Content at HBO Max, said: “Michael’s comedic style is truly unique and his ability to convey provocative subject matter through a comedic lens is the reason why Season 1 of That Damn Michael Che was such a success.” We are happy to work with him again after this season.
The first season of the comedy series, “Che”, was aired on Netflix in May. The series includes sketches and vignettes about different topics like racial profiling, unemployment, falling in love, etc.
What can we expect?
Michael is a comedian and he has a unique style. His comedy show ‘That Damn Michael Che’ was popular because he’s able to talk about serious stuff funnily. Sarah Aubrey, the head of original content for HBO Max said, “We look forward to working with him again on a second season.”
“That Damn Michael Che” is a TV show. It is made by Universal Television, Broadway Video, and Irony Point. Two other people work on the show.
Che is best known for his work on “Saturday Night Live,” where he began working as a writer in 2013. He eventually rose to co-head writer and currently serves as the co-host of “Weekend Update” alongside fellow co-head writer Colin Jost. Che is a comedian. He also has been on the Daily Show and the Emmy Awards.
HBO Max has renewed two comedy series. One is called “That Damn Michael Che” and the other one is “Made For Love.” They will be back for another season next year. Another good show is “Starstruck.” In June, that show was picked up for a second season. That show’s star is Rose Matafeo.
Also Read: Top Gun: Maverick – All you need to know

domain: artistic


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Chinese officials say Beijing will punish celebrities who ignore the country's one-child policy.
The official Xinhua news agency quoted city family planning chief Deng Xiangzhou Monday, as saying celebrities and the wealthy would be more heavily fined in the future for having more than one child.
Chinese media have reported several cases in which well-off people paid only minimal fines for violating family planning restrictions. Xinhua mentioned the case of soccer star Hao Haidong, who was fined only 68 hundred dollars for having a second child, despite having an annual salary of nearly 691 thousand dollars, one of the highest for a soccer player in China.
The news agency quoted a family planning official (Zhang Weiqing), as saying the number of celebrities who have more than one child is not large, but because of their fame, their behavior has a negative social influence.


Thursday - TD Bandshell / Friday - Galaxie Stage
July 4, 2013 - 10:00pm July 5, 2013 - 8:30pm
Fatoumata Diawara has been called “the most beguiling talent to hit the world music scene in some time” (The Telegraph) and a “spell-weaving new voice" (Mojo). NPR Music raved: "Gifted with enormous stage presence and great looks, Diawara put on a tightly choreographed set [at NYC’s globalFEST 2012] that screamed with energy and edged towards rock and funk”.
Born in Cote d'Ivoire (The Ivory Coast) and raised in southern Mali, Fatoumata grew up hearing Wassoulou music, a song style that's often considered one of the main pre-colonial precursors of the blues. In her teens, Fatoumata Diawara moved to France to pursue an acting career. There, she appeared in a handful of popular films and worked with the internationally renowned street theatre troupe Royal de Luxe. But Fatoumata really found her calling when she was inspired to sing and, encouraged by her friend Rokia Traore, took up the guitar and began to write her own songs. While singing in Parisian clubs and cafes, she met Cheikh Tidiane Seck, the celebrated Malian musician and producer who invited her to travel with him back to Mali to work on two projects as chorus vocalist; Seya, the Grammy–nominated album by Malian singer Oumou Sangaré, and Red Earth, the Grammy-winning Malian project by American jazz singer Dee Dee Bridgewater. After the albums were released, Fatoumata toured worldwide as singer and dancer with both artists.
Fatoumata later completed an album’s worth of songs and started recording demos for which she composed and arranged all of the tracks, in addition to playing guitar, percussion and bass and singing lead and harmony vocals. An introduction from Sangaré resulted in a record deal with World Circuit and the recording of her 2011 debut album.
The album shows that Fatoumata Diawara is one of a growing number of musicians who are developing a sort of contemporary pan-folk sound that incorporates influences from across a broad Afro-Western cultural spectrum: Jazz, pop and funk all inform her songs, along with the sounds of Diawara’s ancestral traditions. Uncut gives Fatou four stars. The Washington Post says "her well-crafted songs are quietly powerful."


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Asbestos: Some lawyers accused of double-dipping; Some asbestos, silica suits thought 1345 Sadlier Circle South Drive, Indianapolis, IN 46239
The Indiana Lawyer
He also is working with Indianapolis law firm Ice Miller. Indiana Lawyer is a bi-weekly newspaper that covers legal issues from throughout the state
Lawyers Brayton Purcell: Gil Purcell
Brayton Purcell, Lawyers for People, specializing in asbestos and personal CART, Formula One, and IRL races, including the annual Indianapolis 500.

domain: law


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Deep swimbaiting is not hard to learn, but it does take patience. It’s not about covering a lot of water, but rather making long casts, counting the lure down to a certain depth, then retrieving it slowly but steadily, the way a gizzard shad usually swims. The real secret is where you fish, and that’s where Burro, Box, Caballo and those other canyons become important. On Amistad, practically every canyon offers not only depth but steep edges where the depth changes abruptly.
“Out here, paralleling ledges is a good place to start, and it’ll be a good starting place anywhere you have deep, rocky structure,” Hanselman explains, “but you don’t have to limit yourself to rocks. On Lanier, fishermen were retrieving swimbaits over flooded timber that topped out about 30 feet deep. Table Rock has both rock and trees where swimbaits can be effective, and some fishermen are using swimbaits up on some of the Tennessee River lakes, even though the water isn’t always as clear. When the water has just a slight stain to it, you just have to work your swimbaits closer to the structure.
“I’m fishing places, not for specific fish I might see on my electronics. I don’t like to idle over fish, even those in deep water. Rocky lakes especially will have huge, flat rocks that form ledges, shelves or even points. They may be 30 or 40 feet deep and drop off to a hundred feet, or more.
“I try to parallel the edge of that dropoff with my retrieve, so I’ll make a long cast along the deeper side of the ledge, because this is frequently where bass will gather in schools. They’re off the lip, not on top of the ledge. I do know from my electronics how deep the top of the ledge is, so I count my swimbait down until it’s about 10 feet above that lip. For example, if the lip is 25 to 30 feet deep, I’ll stop my bait between 15 and 20 feet down.
“Then I’ll just slowly start reeling it back. I’ll make 10 or 12 turns of the reel handle, then stop and let the lure sink a few seconds, then make another 10 or 12 cranks, stop, and let the swimbait sink again. This is because the lure will rise naturally as you’re reeling.”
In both the prespawn and postspawn periods, Hanselman also targets the last underwater ledge or breakline leading into a spawning flat or bay. On Amistad and other deeper, clear-water lakes, bass often spawn on the main lake rather than in shallow coves, and on Amistad in particular, big largemouth have been known to spawn as deep as 20 feet. Again, the retrieve is a slow one, with the lure on the deeper side of the break and about 10 feet above it.
Here’s where patience may be as important as anticipation. Bass in these places at this time of year frequently gather in schools, and repeated casts may be necessary to get that first strike. Then, hopefully, that strike triggers a wolf-pack instinct in the rest of the school, and those fish literally fight to get to the swimbait. Hanselman has had plenty of 30- to 40-fish days when this has happened, as well as five-bass, 40-pound catches.
“Later in the summer, I use a technique I call ‘bustin’ ledges,’” Hanselman continues, “which is a slight modification of an old striper presentation we used before I ever started guiding. I’ll get along the face of a bluff or ledge where it makes that sheer drop down into much deeper water, and just free spool the swimbait straight down beside the boat. Again, I don’t go to the bottom but stop between 30 and 50 feet down.
“Then, I’ll just slowly and steadily crank it up and drop it again. I’m not jigging the swimbait because I’m reeling it up slowly but steadily, but the concept is similar. The father of one of my best friends was a striper guide, and while we caught our share of striped bass doing this with big striper jigs, we also caught a lot of 8- and 9-pound largemouth, too.”

domain: hobby


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Limited edition holiday Dixon colorways are here from Ariat!
Since the launch of Ariat’s first Dixon in 2019, the company has introduced more than 30 designs. Each season Ariat seeks to level-up the silhouette with new materials, colorways and leathers. In addition to premium full-grain leather, material highlights include hair-on, exotic leathers and now patent leathers, just in time for the holidays.
“Tis the season for color! Mainstream fashion and major design houses are all showing bright colorways. This limited-edition collection is a nod to the Roaring 20’s and for those looking to shine and shimmer. These Dixon holiday brights do just that in shimmering shiny leathers in bright Blue, Red, colors and of course, metallics!” -Shane Holman, Head of Western Footwear, Ariat
Click here to shop! Available in these colors: Queen of Hearts, Spade Black, Sin City, Gold Buckle, and Bright Light.
Click here to take a look at one of the original Dixon lines.

domain: design


Featuring exclusive, print-only, top-secret content, from interviews, to expedition pack lists, to fashion spreads. We’d tell you more, but that’d just spoil the secret. Great road trip material, we hear.
$9.50 for a copy, and $28.50 for a subscription. Check it out.


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This is so great!
Lori, this made me laugh so hard! It doesn't take much!
Hee hee I l♥ve this... especially as at the moment I have nothing to blog about!Thanks for bringing a smile to my face :DKaryn
Oh yes, I know!
HA! I love it! Yes, there are certainly days exactly like that!
No comment ;-)
LOL Yep! I have felt that way too! Especially when what I am trying to make is either not working as planned or I run out of beads!Hugs
I have a blogger award for you over at http://copperpennydesigns.blogspot.comThanks,Penny
This is EXACTLY how my Friday Bead Porn posts were born. A picture is worth 1,000 words...or an entire blog post...either way ;-)
I love this :)
Yes indeed they are. But, you know, we always get past them.
I appreciate comments! <3


LOS ANGELES – Mayor Eric Garcetti, Los Angeles County Supervisor Mark Ridley-Thomas and Inglewood Mayor James T. Butts toured Metro’s recently opened Business Solution Center to help businesses impacted by construction of the Crenshaw/LAX light-rail line between 48th and 60th streets.
“The Crenshaw line is a tremendous investment in our infrastructure to cut traffic, stimulate the economy and finally connect rail to LAX,” said Garcetti, chair of the Metro Board. “This center is about making sure businesses get the support they need while Metro makes the infrastructure investments Angelenos deserve.”
Created by the Metro Board, the new Business Solution Center at 3450 Mount Vernon Drive (near Crenshaw) provides free support services, business development and financial referrals to business owners affected by construction of the light-rail line.
Ridley-Thomas said while the Crenshaw/LAX line will spark economic growth and opportunity once it is completed in 2019, businesses need help staying afloat today.
“We need to ensure that the businesses affected by the construction have the help they need to weather the storm,” he said. “While construction is ongoing, Metro’s pilot Business Solution Center will be a great resource for merchants, so they can receive expert advice and technical assistance.”
Small businesses located near but not within the 48th to 60th street area along the Crenshaw/LAX corridor also will have access to the Business Solution Center for business and technical assistance, including case management referrals to business development partners, officials said.
The center is located within the Los Angeles Urban League facility. A satellite office also will be established at 510 S. La Brea Avenue in Inglewood. Operating hours for the main office are Monday to Friday, 9 a.m. to 5 p.m.
The 8.5-mile Crenshaw/LAX Line is a $2.058 billion light-rail line that will connect the Green Line and the Expo Line. It will have eight new stations to serve the Crenshaw, Inglewood and LAX communities.
For more information on the center and on other campaigns designed to help business along Crenshaw, visit www.metrobsc.net/crenshaw
Event honors leaders
in Compton, Inglewood
ROSEMEAD – The Compton Unified School District, the Inglewood Unified School District, the Moreno Valley Black Chamber of Commerce and the Youth Action Project were among the honorees at the 13th annual Black History Month celebration held recently at Southern California Edison’s Energy Education Center.
More than 300 celebrants attended the event, which honors the achievements of local African-American businesses and leaders, their contributions to economic growth, service to the community and participation in energy-efficiency programs.
“Our partnerships with our business and community leaders are the foundation of the service we provide to our customers,” said Lisa Cagnolatti, vice president of SCE’s Business Customer Division. “Southern California Edison’s annual Black History Month event is an opportunity to show our appreciation to them and to the communities we serve.”
The Compton and Inglewood school districts were given SCE’s Energy Efficiency Participation Award for energy conservation at their respective school sites. Their participation in the School Energy Efficiency Program has saved both school districts money on electricity consumption and helped create more comfortable learning environments for students, officials said.
Alvin Jenkins, director of facilities for the Compton district, and Joe Dominguez, chief deputy superintendent for the Inglewood district, accepted the award for their school districts.
losing black voices
CHICAGO – The recent announcement that Don Thompson will retire as CEO of McDonald’s Corp. leaves just two CEOs who are African-American in the elite Dow 30.
A broader sample shows an even more dismal diversity picture. A mere five CEOs are black at the nation’s 500 largest companies, according to a pro-diversity advocacy group.
“Our numbers are going south on us,” said Ronald Parker, CEO of The Executive Leadership Council, an organization that works to boost diversity in corporate America.
That’s no better than two years ago when Thompson took the helm at McDonald’s, becoming the sixth African-American CEO in the Fortune 500. That number peaked in 2007 at seven, according to Richard Zweigenhaft, a Guilford College professor who wrote a book on the subject.
The numbers are especially startling, given that 13.2 percent of the U.S. population is African American, according to the Census Bureau.
Thompson’s retirement leaves just five CEOs who are African-American in the Fortune 500. Kenneth Chenault of American Express, Delphi’s Rodney O’Neal, Merck’s Kenneth Frazier, Carnival’s Arnold W. Donald, and Ursula Burns of Xerox.
Corporate boards, too, lack racial diversity and are overwhelmingly white. That needs to change, too, Parker said, and boards need to be “very, very intentional and methodical in succession planning.”


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You quoted me and then added your viewpoint:
“Hmmm... and I guess if we both compile a list of what religious organizations vs. atheist organizations have accomplished for the common good, your list will be longer? Not a chance, and you should be well aware of that.”I’d argue that atheists do organize in a way that compares to theistic groups - complete with social events and proselytizing just as churches do. Perhaps you are familiar with humanist organizations? Here are a few links:
This is a completely inappropriate comparison. Atheism is not a religion. We don’t organize in a way comparable to churches, temples, etc. Lack of belief in a God doesn’t require organization; it only requires the individual to reach this conclusion in his own mind.
The Council for Secular Humanism
American Humanist Association
National Secular Society
You’ll find that humanist groups do try to organize functions to help others in society, but their main focus is politics, rejection of the supernatural, science as truth, and various philosophical issues. They have meetings, bylaws and manifestos just as churches have meetings, church services, bylaws, and articles of faith. They encourage others to bring friends into the flock just as faith communities do.
I attended a documentary in Kansas City some time ago, and atheist groups were handing out information to share just as church groups do at their various functions. The documentary by the way was “The God who wasn’t there”, by Brian Fleming. Have you seen it? Here’s my review of the flick.
Some of the key players in the evolution/ID debate are involved in humanist organizations. In fact, Eugenie Scott is a notable signer of the Humanist Manifesto III. Barbara Forest and Richard Dawkins are also members of humanist groups along with many other key players in the fight against “creationism“ (as they refer to it). The Humanist Manifesto has a tone very similar to religious articles of faith. I fail to see the difference between religious groups and atheist groups other than the fact that there is a belief or disbelief in God.
In Nancy Pearcey’s Book, Total Truth, she makes a very profound statement, IMO. She wrote that, “Humans are inherently religious beings, created to be in relationship with God - and if they reject God, they don’t stop being religious; they simply find some other ultimate principle upon which to base their lives.”
A more valid comparison would be what has been accomplished by non-religious organizations v. religious organizations. We are talking about whether God is required for people to do good things. And the religion of the person isn’t what matters. After all, non-religious groups certainly benefit from people who believe in God, while many atheists support religious organizations like the Red Cross (I just gave blood this afternoon).Well, number one, you’ll never hear from me that atheists are not able to benefit society or “do good things”. I will say that my personal belief is that if there were no God, if we merely evolved from nothing, and we were left with no guidelines as to how to lives our lives, I believe the world would be quite a different place. Nuf said.
God actively upholds all of creation. Found among the verses of Matthew 5:43-48 (which, btw, offer some wonderful words to live by) we find this: “He causes his sun to rise on the evil and the good, and sends rain on the righteous and the unrighteous.” His gifts are given to nonbelievers as well as believers. BTW, This verse is not stating that atheists are “evil”, it’s making the point that regardless of our choices (good or evil) or our beliefs (godly or ungodly), God’s earthly gifts are available to all.
As for your non-religious organizations vs. religious organizations, I see a flaw in that way of thinking. There are numerous organizations that do considerable good for society that are not related to a particular church or religious belief system, but certainly many, many people who are involved in those groups hold various religious beliefs, so this is not an entirely accurate way in which to weigh the benefits of religious vs. non-religious groups. It would seem to me that religious beliefs might be a factor in how people choose to serve in these groups as well. Most Americans are brought up in religious households and religious upbringing certainly plays a factor in how we view our world and the decisions we make. In fact, religion has always had an influence on morality and even those who reject God are influenced by the morals of others (many of them coming from religious teaching).
You quoted me and then commented:
“Neither should we be making statements like “religion is the root of all evil” or “atheism is the root of all evil”. That completely closes the door to all meaningful and respectful dialogue.”I’m sorry if I made it sound as though you were making that statement. Yes, I was referring to Dawkins, and I am also aware that Dawkins claims not to support that statement. But, I’ve heard him speak, and I’ve read many of the articles and interviews regarding his beliefs. He certainly does feel that religion is at the root of most of the problems in society. He’s made that abundantly clear, and most strong atheists involved in on-line discussions certainly seem to lean toward that way of thinking as well.
It does do that, and I never said or even suggested this. I assume you are using the “root of all evil” phrase because of the Dawkins TV series title. I’m also sure you have been made aware that he didn’t pick the title, strongly argued against it, states this fact whenever he discusses the show, and flat out says that it is a ridiculous idea.
I also believe that if Dawkins felt strongly enough about changing the “root of all evil” phrase, he could certainly have done it regardless of what he claims to have control over. Perhaps I’m wrong, but nonetheless, Dawkins has made his views abundantly clear regardless of what he chooses to title his books or films.
You quoted me and then commented:
”BTW, “good works” are not the only positive result of Religion. Our faith in God also provides us with a connection to Him that an atheist doesn’t understand. His word (the Bible), provides us with answers as how to live a life that will benefit His creation. We find that when we follow His guidelines, they benefits us in numerous ways. God didn’t give us a set of unreasonable demands to live by. As our Creator, He knew what would lead us to live a more fulfilling and healthy life.”I’m sincerely sorry if that sounds patronizing, but I have no other idea how to state that fact. This is another thing that cannot be measured or understood except by each individual person. Many people state that they feel a strong connection with a “god” of some sort, and there is no way to know what exactly that may mean to each person. But, the majority of people on earth either believe in a divine creator or are open to researching the possibility due to the strong instinct to acknowledge that there is a creator of the cosmos.
This statement is so impossibly vague as to be without meaning to anyone who isn’t already of like-mind. I guess being an atheist, I just can’t understand it? Do you know how patronizing that sounds?
I recently read this in an article: “The atheist knows that the universe began to exist and since the universe is, according to the atheist, all there is, the very existence of the universe seems to be a colossal violation of the laws of nature (i.e., a miracle). It's hard to believe in miracles without God. “
And, of course, scripture tells us: "For since the creation of the world God's invisible qualities--his eternal power and divine nature--have been clearly seen, being understood from what has been made, so that men are without excuse. For although they knew God, they neither glorified him as God nor gave thanks to him, but their thinking became futile and their foolish hearts were darkened. Although they claimed to be wise, they became fools" (Romans 1:20-22).
You quoted me and then wrote:
“I’ve known many people, myself included, who have turned their back on biblical truth or morality at various points in our lives and have made decisions which in turn led to consequences that were not pretty.”I’ve no doubt that you live a very productive life as an atheist, but bear in mind that as you stated and I alluded to regarding atheists in general earlier in my post, you had a religious upbringing. Do you truly believe that just because you decide to throw the concept of God out the window that those religious ideals you were brought up with don’t have some type of influence on you and your decisions in life? Darwinists often state that our morals are connected with influences from society. Since the dawn of written history, religion has always been extremely connected with education on morality. Atheists can’t escape that influence simply because they reject a Creator.
Of course you do. You live in the US. Virtually everyone you know is Christian. Of all of those people, if you didn’t know someone who turned their back on “biblical truth” and then exercised poor judgment of some kind, that would be truly surprising. But that doesn’t prove or even suggest a causal connection. As you might expect, I know many other atheists. Almost without exception, we were all raised by Christian parents and attended church until we were old enough to make our own decisions. We rejected your “biblical truth” and surprise—we are all law abiding, successful, productive members of society, living happy, fulfilling lives.
You quoted me and then commented:
“I am quite aware that atheists pull random verses from Old Testament laws that sound immoral and shout with outrage that anyone would consider them moral, but unless one takes the time to thoroughly understand what was going on during that time in history and how that ties in with the rest of the old and new testaments, you’re not going to get a clear picture of the entire message.”Never in my life have I heard someone simply state that something is right or wrong merely “because the Bible says so”, except for little children singing the song, "Jesus loves me". I’ve no doubt that those type of people exist, I’ve just not encountered one.
Where did this come from? I did not cite any bible verses at all. I merely pointed out that virtually every argument coming from Christians, against gay marriage, seems to come from the Bible. “The Bible says so” is not a valid reason for a law in the US despite what some people would like to believe.
People may use Biblical ideals in support of their views, but they usually provide an explanation of why they believe it is the best idea, and tie that in with their own experiences and observations in society as I did with you on a few issues. There are reasons God gave us guidelines to follow, as I mentioned in my last post. They aren’t to hinder our lives from doing the things we want, but to enhance our lives.
Your point that you have to look at the Bible as a whole and understand what was going on at that time in history is very intriguing to me. This is because the Religious Right in this country seems to disagree with you as far as I can tell. I repeatedly hear that morality MUST come from the Bible otherwise we just have moral relativism. But you seem to be saying that we have to understand that what was moral then, isn’t moral now. Isn’t that the very definition of the evil moral relativism? Why did God require homosexuals, adulterers, and heretics to be stoned to death back in Old Testament times, but now he doesn’t? Having read the Bible in its entirety multiple times, attended more Sunday school classes than I care to remember, and having taken two college classes on Christianity, I offer the following semi-educated opinion: the moral teachings of Jesus mirror and expand upon the golden rule; they are well worth studying; however the main ideas are not unique to Jesus and certainly did not originate with him. The “morality” of the Old Testament is just plain scary and I would suggest that we would ALL be better off not taking it seriously.The scriptures definitely gives example after example of how living contrary to how God designed for us to live with one another in society will result in negative consequences. King David’s life alone gives us so much to consider and learn from. But, I believe you truly have to consider the bible in it‘s entirety, the history surrounding Biblical times (especially during Old Testament times) and how Christ was considered the new covenant.
Gosh, this is such an interesting subject and we could go on forever, but with the life and death of Christ we have been given a new covenant, and many of the OT laws are obsolete as they are not relevant to the new covenant and teachings of Paul and the apostles and their guidelines for the church.
Where does one draw the line as to what is relevant in our modern society? Well, I believe Paul, in most cases, makes that pretty clear in his letters and instruction for the church. As I said in my last post, I’ve addressed a bit of this in an on-line forum.
After all those years of Christian education and two years of college courses on Christianity, it would seem that you might have given some consideration to the NT teaching of the new covenant in Christ‘s death and resurrection. But, then again, I missed the importance of that in my religious upbringing as well. It wasn’t until I really dug into scripture on my own and asked the really hard questions of anyone who would listen to me, that I actually came to a whole new understanding and appreciation for God’s word. Just out of curiosity, where did you attend college?
You made a very good suggestion:
“Harris doesn’t make an evolutionary argument, he makes a philosophical one. If you haven’t read “Letter to a Christian Nation” you should. It will only take an hour or two.”Will do. I ordered it today.
You quoted me and then commented:
“An atheist would support the notion that morality has evolved in the same way we have supposedly evolved - through natural selection. But, there is very little to support this sediment other than "just so stories".No, Seldom, the “evolutionary path to morality” is not “very simple and common-sense“. If it were anything other than speculation, scientists wouldn’t be offering a variety of ~opinions~ as to how morality “evolved”. Scientists still don’t have a handle on how consciousness, altruism, or even the validity of thought evolved, much less the evolution of morality.
If you reject evolution to begin with, then there is really no point in me trying to argue this specific point, because there is no evidence or explanation that could possibly be good enough. So I will just say, that the evolutionary path to morality is very simple and common-sense when you consider that we are talking about a social species moving from living in small, family groups to living in societies.
Evolution is a fact in as far as the theory can be supported with empirical evidence, but when we take the theory past the point of speciation and into macroevolution and evolution of the entire universe, we are basing the theory on inferences, assumptions and speculation. There is nothing wrong with that, and by all means let the exploration into finding the answers continue. But, don’t teach it dogmatically as a fact.
First, please note that I did not call you a bigot.Well, actually you did. You’ve stated that you believe the word applies to “most people who are anti-gay marriage”. Um, that would be me.
I think we have a disagreement over exactly when “bigot” is appropriate. In my meaning, Dawkins and Harris are not bigoted at all, because they are criticizing beliefs that are chosen.Webster’s dictionary defines a bigot as “one who holds blindly and intolerantly to a particular creed, opinion, etc.” Now, in that sense, ~I~ would certainly define Harris and Dawkins as bigoted, although I’ve no doubt that you would disagree. I believe their opinion that there is no god to be held on faith, not facts. They are also ~extremely~ intolerant of those who disagree with their opinion. I also consider both gentleman extremely divisive, and they encourage ridicule and belittlement of those who do not agree with their opinions on various issues. That, IMO, is morally wrong. Are there Christians who treat atheists in the same manner? Certainly, and their behavior is equally wrong as well. Remember, this is all just my opinion.
“I find it amazing that anyone who has met gay people thinks they chose to be gay. The gay people I have met are gay in the same way that I am male. More on this with your comments below.”Well, actually my husband’s cousin chose to commit to a homosexual relationship after years of being in a heterosexual relationship. The reason was due to having her fill of men who treated her poorly. She decided to give it a shot with a woman.
A high school student who was living with his girlfriend at her mother’s house next door to us a few years ago told us that he knew high school girls who would engage in homosexual behavior just for kicks. My husband asked the kid if he was serious, and he assured him that he was.
Then of course, we all hear the stories from Hollywood regarding people switching back and forth between men and women.
I do not rule out that some people may be predisposed to homosexual behavior, but I believe that societal situations can lead to this behavior as well. My personal opinion is that they should at least consider counseling like anyone else who acknowledges that they find that their feelings or behavior is not the norm.
You quoted me and then commented:
“Only a relationship between a ~man and a woman~ will result in procreation. Then there is the fact that men and women differ in many ways, and children need the influence of both genders. Sure, a gay couple could get someone of the opposite sex to spend time with their child just as a single parent could. But, the ~best~ situation for a child is a Mom and a Dad in the household caring for the children.”I would have to disagree with this statement. Marriage, in our modern society, is actually related to starting a family much more so than in the past. Today, many couples who love each other merely move in together. That seems to be becoming almost the norm at this point in time. When these couples consider starting a family, it’s at that point that they seek out the marriage certificate.
This is largely a question of what marriage is for in general. The purpose of marriage has changed constantly over time. Clearly, in the not too recent past it was related to procreation. I think that is now a very quaint, old fashioned idea. People now marry primarily, if not exclusively, for love. If this is accurate, your argument is no longer a valid reason for preventing gay marriage.
But, let’s consider your idea that marriage is exclusively due to loving another person. Where would we draw the line?
From the article I provided, The Secular Case Against Gay Marriage: “If the state must recognize a marriage of two men simply because they love one another, upon what basis can it deny marital recognition to a group of two men and three women, for example, or a sterile brother and sister who claim to love each other?”
Then, there is this:
Question: Once we open the door to redefining marriage, what is to stop the next "sexual freedom" movement from molding the definition of marriage to how they see fit?You quoted me and then commented:
---Mark Glesne, "Marriage and the Slippery Slope", 2004
“My personal opinion is that there are social factors that cause some people to choose partners from their own gender, and I don’t rule out the possibility that there are those who are genetically predisposed to choosing partners of their own gender.”Yes, the jury is still out on that one. Scientists have conducted studies on this issue, but as yet we have no conclusive evidence that homosexuality is genetic, though as I‘ve said before, it wouldn‘t surprise me if in ~some~ individuals it is.
Here’s the deal. If it is a choice, then we as a society are justified in accepting or condemning it as we see fit. If it is genetic, then this is no different than racism or sexism. Is the jury still out on this question? From what I have seen, I don’t think so, and—I can state without a doubt that I have never said this before—even Ted Haggard agrees with me.
My personal opinion about Ted Haggard is that he is one who chose that behavior due to some sort of power struggle or something similar. Not only is he stepping out of his marriage, but he is also apparently heavily addicted to drugs, and his ability to be honest apparently flew out the window some time ago. The man needs serious counseling, and my heart goes out to his family. My hope would be that their church will reach out to them and help them through this incredibly difficult situation.
You quoted me and then commented:
“You might also consider Rosie O’Donnell’s comments as well:Actually, my point was this:
...Rosie said, "Yes he does, all the time." And Diane said, "What do you tell him?" And Rosie tells him, "You can't have a daddy, because I'm the kind of mommy who wants another mommy."
Same-sex marriage and parenting really comes down to those two words: "I want."
I’m sorry if this comes across as offensive, but quoting that is pathetic. You are taking what a grown up simplistically tells a child, and claiming it makes some larger point about the issue. Really? What was she supposed to do—explain sexuality in depth to a six year old? And God forbid that a gay woman wants the same thing for her life that 99% of the rest of us want: a spouse and a family! How selfish of her. Not one of your better efforts to say the least. (Note: I do realize that the quote above isn’t from you directly.)
During the program, host Diane Sawyer asked Rosie if her then-6-year-old son Parker ever asked why he can't have a daddy.Her son misses the fact that he doesn’t have a daddy. Male bonding is very important for a child. When my children were little, it seemed their lives centered around me. But, as they grow, that bonding with their father is something wonderful to watch. My two boys are currently in 4th and 6th grade and they simply idolize their father at this age. Dad takes them hunting and fishing and takes them to batting practice, etc., etc. The other day I looked out my window and there was my husband walking across the yard with my two boys, one on each side like little bookends. They were both looking up at him and I could tell they were having a very interesting conversation by the expressions on their faces. It was so cute to watch. Children need the influence of both sexes and marriage is an institution that should center on what is the best choice for future generations.
Rosie said, "Yes he does, all the time."
As I’ve stated before, it’s not simply “because the bible says so” that people form strong opinions on this issue. We realize from experience and observation what the best scenario would be and it just so happens that God was right about those issues from the start.
I’ll try to stop by more frequently although I don’t want to monopolize your comment section with long spiels like this. I’m wondering if anyone is still awake at this point!I enjoy talking with you and considering your perspective on these issues. Many on-line forums are controlled by people who are quite hateful when discussing various opinions which in turn makes it impossible to have a meaningful conversation. I like discussing these issues because I find them quite interesting, and it helps me further examine my belief system and my overall worldview. Thanks again.
[This post was edited to correct a few gramatical errors 11/16, 10:30pm]


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Virago Modern Classics Book Club
THE SECRET GARDEN
by Frances Hodgson Burnett
The Secret Garden was first serialised in ten issues (November 1910 – August 1911) of The American Magazine, with illustrations by J. Scott Williams. It was first published in book form in August 1911 by the Frederick A. Stokes Company in New York; it was also published that year by William Heinemann in London.
The Secret Garden tells the story of Mary Lennox – a mischievous girl who is sent to Misselthwaite Manor to live with her uncle. Everybody at Misselthwaite Manor agrees that Mary Lennox is the most disagreeable child they have ever met. Pale, selfish and spoilt, the ten-year-old orphan has been sent from India to her uncle’s estate and she is determined to hate everything about it. But the isolated house on the Yorkshire moors holds secrets that Mary cannot resist exploring: pitiful crying that echoes down the corridors at night and a hidden walled garden. When a robin leads Mary to the buried key, not only is the garden unlocked, but also her heart. And as the garden blooms, for the first time in her life, Mary discovers friendship. This is where the magic begins . . .
‘Even the most cynical reader would be hard pressed to remain unmoved by The Secret Garden. There is an old-fashioned tenderness and joy to it; the sense that magic happens if you are observant and quiet and know it will’ – Sophie Dahl
She put her hand in her pocket, drew out the key, and found it fitted the keyhole . . . she held back the swinging curtain of ivy and pushed back the door which opened slowly. Then she slipped through it, looking about her and breathing quite fast with excitement and wonder and delight. She was standing inside the secret garden'

domain: library


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By Andre Panagos, MD
The 1st in a brand new quickly Reference; sequence in PM&R, this quantity commonly covers the complicated subject of backbone care. damaged down into a hundred stipulations, the bulleted textual content and worthy illustrations supply a scientific roadmap for diagnosing and treating backbone problems mostly and never so often encountered in day-by-day perform. each access positive aspects description, etiology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, probability components, medical good points, traditional background, analysis, purple flags, therapy, analysis, useful tricks, and urged readings on dealing with pages for simple entry to key details at a look. positive factors of "Rehabilitation medication speedy Reference" sequence titles comprise: * finished assurance of all very important issues in PM&R * Multi-specialty editorship and authorship * concentrate on medical administration offers readers with hands-on, useful counsel for all sorts of interventions and cures * constant technique permits readers to understand precisely the place to discover the knowledge they want quickly * "Pitfalls", "Red Flags", "Complications", and "Helpful tricks" support protect opposed to undesirable sequelae
Read Online or Download Spine: Rehabilitation Medicine Quick Reference Series by Andre Panagos MD (2009-09-30) PDF
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FROM THE PREFACE: Dramatic alterations take place within the body structure of so much animals in the course of their improvement. one of the vertebrates, birds are completely oviparous, reside for variable sessions in a cleidoic egg, and express primary changes in excretion, food, and respiratory on the time of hatching. by contrast, the eutherian mammals are all viviparous, rely on the maternal stream and a really expert placenta to supply nutrients, alternate gases, and discharge wastes.
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Lakewood N.J. Nov 1, 2021
A Local NJ website, Insider NJ, published the ‘Last Poll’ of the NJ Gubernatorial race as a ‘fait accompli’ in favor of Phil Murphy. I must admit that I am not an soothsayer, nor an expert in punditry on NJ politics. The author of the article in the NJ Insider is a eulogy for Jack Ciattarelli by a transitory pundit—Alan Steinberg, who chose to ring the bell on the outcome 6 days before the 10th round.
The outcome is anyones guess. But I wouldn’t go ringing the bells just yet. But most importantly, the strategy of attempting to demoralize the voters still on the fence by announcing the time of death while everyone is still very much alive, just wont work.
If anything, the fear of a second more vindictive term by a Governor whose is beset on destroying the social fabric of an entire state will have the effect of driving more people out to the polls.
Even if you don’t quite understand the seriousness of the issues that are on the table, you just need to look around the country and observe the state of affairs brought about by the catastrophic effects of last Nov 3.
Weather or not you think or believe the election of 2020 was stolen or not, America as a country now finds itself in its most dangerous state since the revolutionary war. Even the civil war itself, had it had a disastrous outcome would not have left America in the smoldering state in which it finds itself.
We are experiencing a total invasion at the border, a looming economic hurricane and social upheaval which irreversible and a grave danger especially to the Jewish communities all around the United States.
Most of you are probably not aware of another looming threat that was announced by the Sheriff’s department in Virginia. ( https://justthenews.com/government/security/virginia-malls-see-increased-security-saturday-after-isis-threat-report) (Also look at https://townhall.com/tipsheet/mattvespa/2021/10/30/northern-virginia-is-under-a-serious-terror-threat-from-an-old-enemy-this-weekend-n2598294)
Credible intelligence (this is real, not the red herring type used by the Democrats) revealed that there is a strong ISIS threat in Northern Virginia. The information on the threat came from one of the unvetted ‘Afghan arrivals ‘ who was caught late last week on a drug crime and was about to be deported back to Afghanistan. He traded the this information along with the names of the individuals involved whom are now being hunted by FBI and local Law Enforcement.
Of what relevance is this to us? Our Governor has hosted 15,000 of these potential (and actual) terrorists in the State of New Jersey, and has let them roam all over. We have no idea where they are and we now know that they pose a tremendous threat to our safety.
If there were no other issues on the table, this alone that a Governor has endangered the citizens of his state by the frivolous acceptance of New Jersey as a home to Terrorists and Migrants—amongst whom roam a significant amount of terrorists as well even by the admission of the Federal Government—is reason enough for the New Jersey electorate to come out in droves and hand Mr. Murphy his ‘pink slip.’
So to partisan pundits, makeshift journalists, phone letter writes to the Lakewoodscoop and other pseudo journalistic sites, STOP LYING TO THE PUBLIC! STOP TRYING TO ENDANGER THE PUBLIC FOR YOUR INTESTINAL RELKAXATION.
Equally as great a threat to the integrity of information are our very own ‘JEWISH COMMUNITY ORGANIZATIONS and ASKANIM (who are supposed to be protecting their brethren not looking to seek person gain off their backs). AGUDAS YISROEL and her vociferous loud-mouthed surrogates have chosen to support a candidate who has absolutely NO redeeming value to the safety, security and healthy development of the Lakewood Jewish community.
The best they were able to come up with in defense of their position is some nebulous declaration of our need to express ‘Hakoras HaTOV’ to a person who supposedly helped us re-open the doors to our Batei Midrashim, shuls and schools. It would be noble somewhat if it were true. In fact it was a ruling by the supreme court in a case vs the now disgraced Governor of NY, Andrew Cuomo that forced both administrations (as well as the the Gov of California) to reverse their anti-religious edicts which were by ruling of the Supreme Court, contrary to constitutional law.
But let’s not be so picky. As the anonymous writer of last weeks letter to TLS says, “we need a seat at the table.” Really? is that what it is all about? And who is actually sitting in that Seat? are they really acting in our interests? Im not to sure.
In conclusion I appeal to you, voters of the Lakewood community. DO NOT SIT THIS VOTE OUT! DO NOT SQUANDER YOUR RIGHTS AS A US CITIZEN TO ACT IN A WAY THAT PROVIDES PROTECTION FOR YOURSELVES AND YOUR FAMILIES. AND MOST IMPORTANTLY DO NOT LISTEN TO THE ILL ADVISED ADVICE OF SUCH ORGANIZATIONS AS AGUDAH AND ITS BOISTEROUS SURROGATE AVI SCHNALL.
YOU MUST ACT TO ENSURE THE CONTINUED SAFTEY AND HEALTH OF THE LAKEWOOD JEWISH COMMUNITY.


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Antiques dealer Alex MacArthur has a weakness for the historic and forgotten. And she loves to think big. How else to explain what would compel her to single-handedly take on the restoration of an abandoned monastery?
Three years ago, MacArthur relocated her celebrated showroom in Brighton, England, an hour-and-a-half east along the English Channel to the town of Rye, where she took ownership of the Austin Friary, a Grade II crumbling stone compound on a hill off the High Street. The surviving chapel dates from the 14th century and was built by an order of Augustinians; at the turn of the 20th century, the monks long gone, the building was converted for utilitarian uses (such as a barracks and later a pottery workshop). “So it’s a fascinating mix of centuries-old monastic and brutal industrial,” says MacArthur.
It is beyond demanding and impossible to heat, yes, but for MacArthur shoring up the monastery has enabled her to fully explore her many passions, which range from rescuing chateau doors and other giant castoffs to designing dramatic interiors, curating art shows, building chandeliers, and living with her “family of three dogs,” including a Great Dane. “Everything I buy I love and is an expression of a part of me,” she tells us. “I would rather buy something rare, mesmerizing, and once-in-a-lifetime than something with a profit in it. That’s how I’ve ended up being the custodian of this incredible building.” Join us for a look around.
Photography courtesy of Alex MacArthur Interiors.
Her clientele is equally wide ranging—private clients, hotel owners, interior designers, and fellow dealers—and the by-appointment setup, she says, “gives the place the feeling of a secret, private member’s club.” Among the goods shown here in the downstairs main room—formerly the factory floor—are midcentury stone planters and a brass-detailed chandelier that MacArthur put together from 1960s Paris streetlights.
“I had been looking for an ecclesiastical or architecturally interesting industrial building to use as a live-work space, though I never imagined I would get both in one building,” says MacArthur. When she has visitors, she lights candles and church incense and pipes in surround-sound Handel arias.
Go to Alex MacArthur to see more and to browse the current offerings. And stay tuned: This Sunday we’ll be visiting MacArthur and pets at home in the monastery’s adjoining Georgian cottage.
For more artful historic rehabs, take a look at:
- Saved from Abandonment: A Hudson Valley Farmhouse Receives the Ultimate Makeunder
- Calm and Collected: At Home with the Duo Behind Aesthetic Movement
- Kitchen of the Week: A Historic Kitchen in Shropshire, Recast in Monochrome Green


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Iran’s president Hassan Rouhani warned the US that air strikes would not destroy extremists in Syria, appearing also optimistic about securing a deal over Tehran’s nuclear program, in an interview broadcast on Wednesday.
In an interview with veteran US broadcaster Charlie Rose aired on PBS, Hassan Rouhani described the so-called “Daesh” [ISIL] extremist group as “extremely savage and barbaric,” but questioned the motives of the US-led bombing campaign in Syria.
“It is not clear for us what they are seeking,” he said in the interview.
“Whether they’re under the pressure of their own domestic public opinions and they want to put on a show, a theater for public consumption, or they’re after a tangible, a real objective in the region; it is not crystal clear for us,” he said.
“But what I can tell you unequivocably, no terrorist group can be eradicated and destroyed through aerial bombardments only,” Rouhani said in New York, where he is attending the UN General Assembly.
Moreover, Rouhani accused unnamed countries in the region of fueling the rise of Daesh by supporting groups in the war against the Syrian government.
“All of them in one fashion or another encouraged and supported these terrorists,” he said.
“Terrorism is always bad without exceptions. You cannot say now it’s good and at another time condemn it. It is always bad and evil,” he stated.
Asked about the prospect of securing an agreement on Iran’s nuclear activities, Rouhani said he believed a deal was “within reach” before a November 24 deadline.
“Certainly, before the deadline that’s remaining ahead of us, we will succeed in resolving this issue,” he told Rose.
He said Iran must safeguard its right to use peaceful nuclear energy and the West must also be assured there will be no deviation from that.
“I do not believe that between Iran and America, there must be perpetual distance, a perpetual gap and tension,” he said.
“I do believe that one day, these tensions will come to an end,” he added.


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98 cirrus no spark no injector pulse. Crank sensor tested ok. New distributor. Have power to auto shutdown relay pin 30 key off. But have power to pin 86 key off when it should only have it key on.
have the same problem?
Thursday, January 6th, 2011 AT 2:13 AM


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Antique classic cars to cruise Main
Published: Sunday, November 12, 2006 at 4:30 a.m.
Last Modified: Sunday, November 12, 2006 at 12:00 a.m.
Downtown Main Street will play host to antique vehicles 25 years or older from 5 to 9 p.m. Tuesday.
Visitors may bring their antique cars and park on Main Street, Hendersonville.
The help of all Hendersonville Antique Car Club members is requested during this event. For more information, call 696-4168.
Reader comments posted to this article may be published in our print edition. All rights reserved. This copyrighted material may not be re-published without permission. Links are encouraged.
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In his article, “Old Sentinel Oak Has Passed,” Egbert T. Bush wrote that the old oak, across the road from the Baptist Church in Stockton, close to where Route 523 meets Main Street, stood near a “never-failing stream.” This stream runs along Route 523 for some distance and today is a little hard to find. But it does show up on Google maps, and is a clue to two interesting road records of 1813.
The First Survey
Efforts to establish the first of these roads began in July 1813 when notice was posted in the taverns run by Ezra Shamp (at Howell’s Ferry), Godfrey Rockafellar (at Sergeantsville—then known as Skunktown), and Samuel Rittenhouse (at Rosemont, which did not have that name until the 1850s). The notices were posted by Joseph Howell, who swore that he saw the petitioners for the road sign their names, and that he could vouch for them.
Signers of the petition were Jonathan Johnson, Godfrey Rockafellow, John Sergeant, William Lake, Isaac Lake, Othniel Gordon, William ‘Rittinghous,’ Isaac Fox, William More, Jonas Thatcher, Jonathan Robins, and Cornelius Lake. The majority of these men lived in or near Sergeantsville, which suggests that Godfrey Rockafellar’s tavern was a popular place.
The Court of Common Pleas agreed with the petition and named six surveyors of highways to lay out a path for the road. And here we find out the reason for this road. The bridge at Centre Bridge (now Stockton) was under construction. It would not open until 1814, but the abutments were up. We know that from this road description, which begins at “the abutment of the Bridge now building over the Delaware near Howells ferry.”
The Centre Bridge Company needed a road to connect the bridge to today’s Main Street in Stockton, a road that was then known as the road from Shamp’s tavern to Coryell’s Ferry (Lambertville). The path of the proposed road went up what is today’s Bridge Street, then left onto the Shamp road, then around Shamp’s tavern, which is today where the old Baptist Church now stands. Then the road followed along a small creek 14 chains (924 feet) to a small bridge, then further northeast 35 chains 58 links (2,348 feet) to the point where it intersected with the road that went from Prall & Lambert’s store in Prallsville to Skunktown (written ‘Skooktown’ on the map). This path took it as far north as the old Errico farm opposite the Bodine farm.
This is a copy of the map that was included in the road file. No landmarks at all except for a modern notation of the location of Centre Bridge. But because metes and bounds were given in the survey, it is possible to locate the route on a modern map (see below).
The road was to be opened by the overseers of roads in two stages. The part that ran from the bridge abutment to a “certain path, commonly called Jacob’s Path” was to be opened by October 1813, and the rest of it to open by April 1814.1
This all seems perfectly reasonable, but it was not reasonable to John Prall, Jr. Prall had purchased the mill property and 250 acres from the Ely family in 1792 and added to his holdings over the years. He was a shrewd businessman and expanded his operations to include several mills—a grist mill, saw mill, linseed oil mill, and plaster mill.2 There was also a store next to Prall’s mansion house that was run by his son Williamson Livingston Prall and his son-in-law Jacob Lambert. They operated the store from about 1805 to 1820 when the store failed, probably due to the Panic of 1819. This road from the store to Skunktown is today’s Woolverton Road, and was probably first established by John Prall Jr. after he bought the Prallsville mill lot in 1792.
The Second Survey
Obviously, Prall needed traffic to come to his place of business, but the route laid out in this survey made that difficult, requiring travelers to climb a steep hill before turning left onto another steep hill descending to Prallsville. So, Prall decided to take advantage of “Jacob’s Path,” and reroute the road to Skoonk Town closer to Prallsville. First he built a bridge over the creek where it crossed Jacob’s path, and then he started circulating petitions and putting up notices, at the same locations as the previous road.
I was intrigued to see that only one person had signed both petitions, Cornelius Lake of Sergeantsville. The list of names was longer than Joseph Howell’s was, perhaps attesting to the clout that John Prall, Jr. enjoyed. The petition was signed by Daniel Rockafeller, Joseph Sergent, Peter Prall, farmer, Robert Sharp, Daniel Butterfoss, Daniel Larrowe, Samuel Hunt, Daniel Ent, Jno. Bowne, Robert Bonham, William Dilts, Nicholas Bacon, George Hidlay, Thomas Horn, Gershom Lambert, Cornelius Lake, Charles Ent, Garret Wilson, Henry Vandolah, and John Wilson.
Some of these men lived along Route 523 near Stockton, and some as far north as Skoonk Town, and some lived near Sandy Ridge. There was no one from the Rosemont area, but Thomas Horn who lived at Brookville signed, which shows that people traveling from the south were also concerned with this roadway. “Peter Prall, farmer” was apparently not Peter Prall the tanner who lived near Sergeantsville. It is interesting that no member of the Howell family signed this petition, nor did Ezra Shamp or John Prall, Jr. even though Prall and the Howells were most effected by this change.
John Prall, Jr. had acted very quickly. The petition succeeded and surveyors were named to lay out the route that had been asked for. Their report and survey can be found in file #19-4-41 in the Hunterdon County Clerk’s office, dated September 27, 1813. It read, in part:
Do hereby certify and return that having met agreeably to the order of the said Court, on this eighteenth day of November, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and thirteen, At the house of John Prall Junior, in the Township of Amwell in said County . . . and having viewed the premises and heard what could be said for and against the road, do think and adjudge the said Road as applied for, and as mentioned in the said order of the Court to be necessary ; and have laid out and do accordingly lay out the same as appears to us most for the public conveniency and having regard to the best ground for a road and the shortest distance in such manner as to do the least injury to private property as follows to wit ;
We do lay out a public Road of four rods wide in the Township of Amwell in said County to begin near a small house now occupied by Daniel Dedman at a stake in the centre of the Road leading from the abutment of the Centre Bridge by the Inn of Ezra Shamp to the intersection of the Road from Pralls and Lamberts Store to Skunktown . . .”
It is important to read this carefully. I first thought the road began at the bridge abutment, but that is not what it says. It began in the road that leads from the bridge and by the inn of Ezra Shamp, in other words, Main Street in Stockton.
I am intrigued by the difference between the two survey maps. They must have been drawn by two different people, even though the surveyors were the same six men, except that Christy Little was absent for the second survey. The Surveyors were John Smith and Daniel Case for Amwell, Thomas Lequear and Christy Little for Kingwood, and Aaron Hart and Daniel Howell for Hopewell.
There is no way to know where Daniel Dedman was living. He did not record any deeds in Hunterdon County. But he was still in Amwell Township in 1830 when he was counted in the census for that year, in his 50s, with a woman (probably his wife) in her 40s, and three children between the ages of 5 and 19. After that he moved to Solebury Township where he was taxed from 1840 to 1852. He appears in some Quaker records, and was buried in Solebury Friends Burying Ground.
The Inn of Ezra Shamp
The next marker in the description was the inn of Ezra ‘Shamp.’ Mr. Bush has written that the original tavern in Stockton stood where the old Baptist church now stands, and that it served the passengers on Howell’s Ferry, which is why it stands at the end of Ferry Street. Boyer’s book on inns and taverns3 does not list Ezra Shamp as an owner of Howell’s Ferry Tavern, but in fact he was. He bought the 3-acre tavern lot from Joseph and Sarah Howell on June 21, 1815 (Deed 24-348) for $3000. But thanks to this road record we now know that Shamp was running the tavern two years before that. And in fact, he had acquired tavern licenses as early as 1809.
Following the death of the former tavern owner Joseph Howell in 1821, Ezra Shamp and wife Rebecca sold the tavern lot at Howell’s Ferry to John Bake (Deed 33-354). This conveyance is said to have been in trust for the heirs of Joseph Howell dec’d, but the deed made no mention of that. The Shamps were still living in that vicinity when they were counted in the 1830 Amwell Township census. It is quite possible that John Bake did not run the tavern himself, but left it to the Shamps to continue as they had. However, Ezra Shamp owned property in Brookville and is more likely to have stayed there.
I do not know enough about Ezra Shamp, and I am not the only one. Even genealogist extraordinaire Fred Sisser was unable to connect Shamp with parents or sibings. There is some hint that he had a family connection to Sheriff John Cavanagh, but no proof has been found. I assume he was married when the road was laid out, but do not yet know his first wife’s name. After selling the tavern lot, he married Jerusha Kitchen on Nov. 16, 1816. But she must have died before 1822, when Shamp’s wife was named Rebecca in the deed to John Bake. I have read that she was Rebecca McPherson, daughter of Nathaniel McPherson and Ann Butterfoss, but do not yet have proof of that.
Now things get really interesting. According to the surveyor’s return, after passing Shamp’s tavern, the new roadway was to run
“over lands of Joseph Howell and John Prall Jr. along the Indian or Jacob’s Path four chains (passing over the centre of the Bridge as erected by said Prall) . . . till it intersects the said Road leading from Prall’s and Lambert’s store to Skoonk Town and there to end.”
“Indian or Jacob’s Path” is so tantalizing. What did they mean? “Indian path” makes sense, since we know that Route 523 was one of the earliest roads in Amwell Township. Who was Jacob? He might have been an Indian who lived on or near that section of roadway, one of those remnants of the New Jersey Indians who had mostly departed for Pennsylvania and New York once their land had been sold to the colonists. However, this is the only reference I have ever seen to “Jacob’s Path,” so this idea is no more than speculation.
Another possibility is that “Jacob” was the grandson of Daniel & Mary Ann Howell, born 1757, to Benjamin and Agnes Howell, and for a time the innkeeper at Skunktown. He and brother Joseph inherited their father’s property when Benjamin Howell died suddenly in 1795, it is said from a rattlesnake bite. In 1797, Jacob Howell released to his brother Joseph his rights in his father’s real estate, excepting the tavern lot for the use of their sister Delilah Howell (per Deed 39-523). And yet, when Jacob Howell wrote his will in 1835, he left to his “niece,” Eliza Ann Scarborough, his home farm, which was the northern part of the original Howell plantation. (Eliza Ann was the daughter of Jacob’s actual niece Mary Howell and Mathias Case. She was the wife of Isaac Scarborough.) So perhaps “Jacob’s Path” was a shortcut that Jacob Howell took to get from the tavern to his home. (Note: I finally got this worked out in my study of Benjamin Howell’s house: The House House, part two.)
On the other hand, the fact that the road was to run along this path suggests that it was an existing alternative route to the old one that was to be vacated. This reinforces the idea of being an Indian path because from their long experience, Indians knew the best way to traverse the land. It is one example of Europeans giving up on their own route in favor of the Indian route. Things usually went the other way, in which an old Indian route was changed to one more suited to property lines or automobiles. Another reason for changing roadways was to avoid a creek that had shifted direction, which may have been part of the reason for changing the roadway in 1813.
John Prall Jr.’s Bridge
Let’s go back to the description of the road:
“. . . over lands of Joseph Howell and John Prall Jr. along the Indian or Jacob’s Path four chains (passing over the centre of the Bridge as erected by said Prall) . . . till it intersects the said Road leading from Pralls and Lamberts store to Sckoonk Town, and there to end.”
By comparing the two road records, it is not difficult to locate John Prall, Jr.’s bridge. It was built at a point where the road rises over what is now a sort of large gully, but was once the location of the creek, not too far south of the Wolverton Road. This area was part of the large tract of land that Prall had purchased in 1792 (Deed 2-206). Here is a map of the two road routes drawn on a map of the modern roads.
Apologies for the homemade map. I have tried to show the two surveys together with the modern roads, but it does look confusing. Also, I added the path of the creek as it was shown on the Prall survey, while the solid blue line shows the creek as Google sees it. Much of the route laid out in the first petition was vacated in the second one, all to accommodate John Prall, Jr. This vacated route does not join with Route 523 until it reaches Block 53 lot 16 on the Delaware tax map, a farm that at one time belonged to the Errico family. The map also seems to say that part of the old roadway (along the Errico lot) was not to be vacated—if we can accept that the solid line means the road was to remain open. That suggests that there was a residence along that section of road, even though the map did not show a house there.
Two More Maps
Originally I published this article dealing only with the Prall petition. I was somewhat uncertain about the location of the road change, so I consulted with Dennis Bertland to get his opinion. He was convinced, but had some interesting questions. For instance, why was nothing said about Old Prallsville Road, which certainly would be a much shorter route to Prall’s mills. Perhaps that road had not yet come into use, even though it predates Risler Street by many years. I looked for a road return for Old Prallsville Road, and also for Woolverton Road, but there was nothing about them in the road files.
However, it appears that Old Prallsville Road did exist by 1828, when Thomas Gordon published a map of New Jersey. This detail of the map shows a triangle at Prallsville consisting of the Sergeantsville Road (523), the Woolverton Road and what must be Old Prallsville Road. The spot where the road meets Woolverton Road is just in front of the Woolverton Inn. No doubt there is a story there.
The Woolverton Road probably came into existence about the time that John Prall, Jr. began building up his mill operation, around 1792. The Old Prallsville Road must have been built soon after the road return of 1813, but why it wasn’t recorded is a mystery. I would have guessed that it was built in the 1840s when John Sharp set up his store, but the Gordon map shows it was much earlier.
Dennis Bertland also wondered about the exact route of the old roadway and the path of the creek. The bridge seems to be in an odd place. But the USGS map of 1906 shows that the creek ran under Route 523, which explains why a bridge was needed if the road was going to be moved to the west from the old path.
I love old road records. We take for granted the routes we travel every day, but every twist and turn in the road probably has a story to tell. These records tell us that construction of the bridge at Centre Bridge brought about major changes in the vicinity. And that people like John Prall, Jr. knew how to manage those changes for their own benefit.
Note: This article is a replacement of the one published on June 7, 2014, which neglected to take into account the impact that traffic over the new bridge would have on John Prall Jr.’s business.
Correction, 6/8/14: I had originally identified the northern end of the road change as being at Block 53 lot 16. Marilyn Cummings spotted my error–it is Block 56.
Addendum, 6/8/14: According to an article by Austin Davison in 1975, Ezra Shamp applied for tavern licenses from 1809 to 1819. He was preceded at the tavern by the son-in-law of Joseph Howell, Mathias Case. I also learned from another Davison article, that Ezra Shamp never paid off his mortgage to Joseph Howell, which led to “a long period of litigation.”
Addendum, 6/27/2014: I neglected to include a very relevant map to this story. It is the 1812 Watson Map, showing how prominent the road to Prallsville was, and also how the road to Schoonktown ran to the east of the creek, until it was changed in 1813.

domain: geography