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Nigeria’s President Muhammadu Buhari says militants affiliated with the Niger Delta Avengers (NDA) are using advanced technology to destroy oil installations, highlighting that the group’s sabotaging activities against the oil-rich country amount to a “national problem.”
“The technology being deployed by the militants to destroy oil installations is high tech, the way they can go on high sea and international waters and target oil installations is a national problem,” Nigeria’s Daily Trust online newspaper Saturday quoted Buhari as saying in a meeting with leaders of the ruling All Progressive Congress (APC) party at the Presidential Villa in Aso Rock on the outskirts of the capital, Abuja, a day earlier.
The president added that the group was negatively affecting Nigeria’s development. “No insurance company will want to insure installations that will end up being blown up, and no banks will want to finance such facilities,” Buhari stated.
The militant group, mainly operating in Nigeria’s Niger Delta, publicly announced existence in March and since then has been blowing up gas and crude oil pipelines belonging to the Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC) in Delta State.
The NDA attacks have had an immediate and significant impact on Nigeria’s wealth, as they have pushed the country’s oil output to its lowest level in decades. Oil exports account for 70 percent of Nigeria’s government revenue.
The militants have demanded that foreign oil companies leave Niger Delta, saying that they are fighting to protect the environment and to win locals a bigger share of the profits.
“I honestly don’t know how many factions the militants are in the Niger Delta compared to the northeast where you have the Boko Haram” Takfiri terrorist group, Buhari said, appealing to the leaders of his party to help calm the restive region.
“We need to stabilize to create employment. We need to support the economy and so on. I agonize over these things. We are in a tough time, so we have to organize ourselves,” he added.
In March, Emmanuel Ibe Kachikwu, head of the state-run NNPC oil company, said the NDA assaults have slashed Nigeria’s oil production from 2.2 million barrels per day (bpd) to 1.4 million bpd. Kachikwu also stated that the Nigerian government sees negotiations, not force, as the solution to ending the attacks.
Nigeria is also gripped with Boko Haram militancy in the northeast.
An estimated 20,000 people have been killed and more than two million others made homeless since the beginning of the bloody Boko Haram militancy in 2009.
Culled from: presstv.com

domain: politics


text:
Risk of invasive cervical cancer after atypical glandular cells in cervical screening: nationwide cohort studyBMJ 2016; 352 doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.i276 (Published 11 February 2016) Cite this as: BMJ 2016;352:i276
- Jiangrong Wang, postgraduate student1,
- Bengt Andrae, senior consultant1 2,
- Karin Sundström, research associate3,
- Peter Ström, statistician1,
- Alexander Ploner, statistician1,
- K Miriam Elfström, research associate3,
- Lisen Arnheim-Dahlström, associate professor1,
- Joakim Dillner, professor1 3,
- Pär Sparén, professor1
- 1Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
- 2Centre for Research and Development, Uppsala University/Region of Gävleborg, SE-801 88 Gävle, Sweden
- 3Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
- Correspondence to: J Wang
- Accepted 11 January 2016
Objectives To investigate the risks of invasive cervical cancer after detection of atypical glandular cells (AGC) during cervical screening.
Design Nationwide population based cohort study.
Setting Cancer and population registries in Sweden.
Participants 3 054 328 women living in Sweden at any time between 1 January 1980 and 1 July 2011 who had any record of cervical cytological testing at ages 23-59. Of these, 2 899 968 women had normal cytology results at the first screening record. The first recorded abnormal result was atypical glandular cells (AGC) in 14 625, high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) in 65 633, and low grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL) in 244 168.
Main outcome measures Cumulative incidence of invasive cervical cancer over 15.5 years; proportion of invasive cervical cancer within six months of abnormality (prevalence); crude incidence rates for invasive cervical cancer over 0.5-15.5 years of follow-up; incidence rate ratios compared with women with normal cytology, estimated with Poisson regression adjusted for age and stratified by histopathology of cancer; distribution of clinical assessment within six months after the abnormality.
Results The prevalence of cervical cancer was 1.4% for women with AGC, which was lower than for women with HSIL (2.5%) but higher than for women with LSIL (0.2%); adenocarcinoma accounted for 73.2% of the prevalent cases associated with AGC. The incidence rate of invasive cervical cancer after AGC was significantly higher than for women with normal results on cytology for up to 15.5 years and higher than HSIL and LSIL for up to 6.5 years. The incidence rate of adenocarcinoma was 61 times higher than for women with normal results on cytology in the first screening round after AGC, and remained nine times higher for up to 15.5 years. Incidence and prevalence of invasive cervical cancer was highest when AGC was found at ages 30-39. Only 54% of women with AGC underwent histology assessment within six months, much less than after HSIL (86%). Among women with histology assessment within six months, the incidence rate of cervical cancer after AGC was significantly higher than that after HSIL for up to 6.5 years.
Conclusions AGC found at cervical screening is associated with a high and persistent risk of cervical cancer for up to 15 years, particularly for cervical adenocarcinoma and women with AGC at age 30-39. Compared with the reduction in risk of cancer seen after HSIL management, management of AGC seems to have been suboptimal in preventing cervical cancer. Research to optimise management is needed, and a more aggressive assessment strategy is warranted.
Cervical screening with cytology has been implemented for decades in developed countries. By following and treating abnormalities detected at screening, the incidence of cervical cancer has been considerably reduced.1 2 The risk of cervical cancer associated with abnormalities found in cervical squamous cells is widely acknowledged,3 4 5 yet uncertainty remains about the risk associated with abnormalities in cervical glandular cells.
Atypical glandular cells (AGC) are cytological abnormalities diagnosed when glandular cells exhibit changes but lack the features of adenocarcinoma in situ or invasive adenocarcinoma in the cervix uteri. The terminology was defined and modified by the Bethesda system, from “atypical glandular cell of undetermined significance” to “atypical glandular cells,” including subcategory specifications.6 7 8 Sweden has used only “atypical glandular cells” without subcategories. This is an uncommon cytological diagnosis that generally comprises less than 1% of results of cervical smear tests9 but potentially reflects a wide range of conditions. Clinical studies investigating histological results in women with a diagnosis of AGC found that it included the whole range from benign changes and cervical precursor lesions of glandular or squamous origins to invasive cervical cancer and other gynaecological cancers.9 No studies, however, have investigated the long term risk of cervical cancer after AGC by age at cytological detection and the histopathological characteristics of such cancers.
As the incidence of cervical adenocarcinoma has not decreased to the same extent as the incidence of cervical squamous cell cancer in many countries,10 11 we need evidence on the magnitude of the risks of cervical adenocarcinoma associated with AGC and research on whether the current clinical assessment after AGC reduces the risk of cervical cancer as much as the standard assessment for high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) or low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) does. We therefore used registry linkages of Swedish national data to investigate the prevalence and long term risk of invasive cervical cancer after AGC, with focus on histopathology of cancer, and cancer risk after clinical assessment.
Swedish national cervical screening programme
Cervical screening was introduced in Sweden in the 1960s, and the organised screening programme started in the 1970s. The programme invites all women aged 23-50 living in Sweden to screening every three years and those aged 51-60 every five years. In 2012, more than 90% of invited women had participated in the programme at least once in the past six years.12 Since 1969, the Swedish National Cervical Screening Registry (NKCx) collects all cervical screening records from the whole country, including organised and opportunistic screening tests, as well as the subsequent histology test results.13 14 Screening records for counties are successively available from 1971, and the registry is complete for all of Sweden since 1995.
Study population and data collection
This population based cohort study included all women who lived in Sweden and had any record of cervical cytological test at ages 23-59 at any time from 1 January 1980 to 1 July 2011. We excluded from the study population women who had a diagnosis of invasive cervical cancer or a total hysterectomy before their first cytology record (fig 1⇓).
We used the screening registry to identify the study population, as well as dates and diagnoses of cytology and subsequent histology tests. The date and histopathology type of identified invasive cervical cancer was retrieved from the Swedish National Cancer Register, which contains data on all diagnoses of cancer in Sweden since 1958. Information on total hysterectomy, emigration, and death were retrieved from the Swedish Patient Register, Population Register, and Causes of Death Register, respectively. All data were linked via the unique Swedish personal identification number and then anonymised by Statistics Sweden.15
Classification of cytology, cervical cancer, and clinical assessment
Cytological diagnoses were classified according to the Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine (SNOMED) code system defined by Swedish Association for Clinical Cytology (appendix 1, table A). Besides normal smear results, each woman’s first abnormal result in the data material was categorised into “AGC,” “high grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL)” or “low grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL).” HSIL included suspected high grade squamous dysplasia, moderate to severe squamous dysplasia, and cytological detection of squamous cell cancer. LSIL included atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance and mild squamous dysplasia. Women who had concurrent squamous cell dysplasia at AGC were classified as “other abnormality” and were censored in the analysis as these findings were not representative of AGC alone. Those who had abnormalities other than these described types, including “atypical cells of uncertain origin,” “adenocarcinoma in situ,” and “adenocarcinoma,” were also classified as “other abnormality” and censored. Cytology tests with inadequate quality were ignored as they were usually followed by an immediate repeat test.
We used ICD-7 (international statistical classification of diseases, seventh revision) code 171 to identify invasive cervical cancer, and the WHO/HS/Canc/24.1 histology code for anatomical location to separate squamous cell cancer and adenocarcinoma.16 Cases of invasive cervical cancer (98% histologically verified) after an abnormal cytology result were classified as “prevalent” if the cancer was diagnosed within six months after the abnormality17 or “incident” if it occurred after six months. The six month cut off was based on the observed distribution of time between cytology and histology, which was stable in our material (appendix 2, fig A). We studied the cervical cancer of all histopathological types as well as adenocarcinoma and squamous cell cancer separately.
We characterised clinical assessment within six months after abnormalities in a subcohort of women whose first abnormal result was from 1 January 1993 onwards, when histology records were complete nationwide (fig 1⇑). Clinical assessments included histology follow-up, cytology only, and no morphological follow-up.
We plotted cumulative incidence of invasive cervical cancer over 15.5 years after AGC, HSIL, and LSIL by histopathological types, based on Kaplan-Meier estimates of the survival function. We assessed the proportion of prevalent cervical cancer within each group by calculating the percentage of women with a diagnosis of cervical cancer within six months after their first detected abnormality. The analyses were stratified by age at onset of the abnormality, grouped as age 23-29, 30-39, 40-49, and 50-59, and by histopathological type of cervical cancer. We compared the proportion of prevalent cancers at the cytological finding of AGC across age groups, as well as to the corresponding measures for HSIL and LSIL, using Pearson’s χ2 tests.
We used a cohort approach to assess the risk for incident cervical cancer after AGC/HSIL/LSIL, with women with normal cytology as the comparison group. Women entered the cytologically normal cohort at the time of the first cytology record if the result was normal, and contributed to the cytologically normal risk time as long as they underwent screening and had only normal cytology results. Duration of screening was defined as a maximum of five years after each normal smear result,18 to provide risk estimates relative to a well screened cytologically normal population. The cytologically normal risk time was censored once women had their first abnormal result. Abnormalities of AGC, HSIL, or LSIL in women who did not receive a diagnosis of prevalent cervical cancer within six months contributed to the AGC/HSIL/LSIL risk time from the beginning of the seventh month and continued to contribute to the same abnormal group regardless of the cytological findings of subsequent tests. Women were followed until a diagnosis of invasive cervical cancer, 15.5 years after the abnormality, total hysterectomy, emigration, death, or 31 December 2011, whichever came first (appendix 2, fig B). We calculated crude incidence rates for cervical cancer diagnosed more than six months after AGC, HSIL, and LSIL by follow-up time. We used Poisson regression to estimate incidence rate ratios and 95% confidence intervals for incident cervical cancers after an abnormality at 0.5-3.5, 3.5-6.5, 6.5-10.5, and 10.5-15.5 years, compared with the incidence among women who were well screened and had only normal cytology results, with adjustment for age with a spline term, and stratification by histopathology of cancer. To assess differences by age at abnormality, we calculated incidence rate ratios for AGC for specific age groups by introducing an interaction term with age at abnormality onset.
In the subcohort of women with an abnormal result from year 1993 onwards, we assessed the distribution of clinical assessment approaches within six months after the abnormality. Among women with histology assessment, we compared the prevalence of cervical cancer at AGC with HSIL and LSIL using Pearson’s χ2 tests, and estimated incidence rate ratios of incident cervical cancer after AGC compared with HSIL and LSIL using Poisson regression.
Data management and statistical analyses were performed with SAS statistical package version 9.4. Plots were generated with R version 188.8.131.52
No patients were involved in setting the research question or the outcome measures, nor were they involved in developing plans for design or implementation of the study. No patients were asked to advise on interpretation or writing up of results. There are no plans to disseminate the results of the research to study participants or the relevant patient community.
A total of 3 054 328 women were identified with a record of cytological screening in Sweden at ages 23-59 between 1 January 1980 and 1 July 2011. Of those, we excluded 29 988 women because they had a diagnosis of invasive cervical cancer or received a total hysterectomy before the first screening record. In total, 3 024 340 women entered the cohort (fig 1⇑), of whom 14 625 women had AGC as the first abnormal cytology, 65 633 women had HSIL, and 244 168 had LSIL. The mean follow-up time among women with and without abnormal cytology was similar (table 1⇓).
The median age at AGC was 45, significantly higher than the median age at HSIL (P<0.001) and LSIL (P<0.001). There were 330 cases of invasive cervical cancers diagnosed after AGC. The proportion of prevalent cervical cancer was 60%, lower than after HSIL (82%, P<0.001) and higher than after LSIL (32%, P<0.001). Most cervical cancers after AGC were adenocarcinoma (74%), whereas most cancers after HSIL and LSIL (>80%) were squamous cell cancer (table 1⇑).
Cumulative incidence of cervical cancer
Cumulative incidence of invasive cervical cancer among women who had AGC increased drastically in the first six months and continued to increase steadily during follow-up, reaching 2.6% at 15.5 years (95% confidence interval 2.3% to 2.9%). The increasing pattern was similar to HSIL and LSIL, but the cumulative incidence was lower than that after HSIL (3.3%, 3.2% to 3.4%) and higher than LSIL (0.7%, 0.7% to 0.8%). The cumulative incidence of adenocarcinoma among women with AGC reached 1.9% at 15.5 years, which was considerably higher than for women with HSIL or LSIL, whereas the cumulative incidence of squamous cell cancer (0.6%) was significantly lower than HSIL but similar to LSIL (fig 2⇓).
Proportion of prevalent cervical cancer
Among women with AGC, 1.4% had prevalent cervical cancer detected within six months. The proportion was lower than that for HSIL (2.5%, P<0.001), but more than six times higher than that for LSIL (0.2%, P<0.001). Most prevalent cancers at AGC were adenocarcinoma (73.2%), and the highest proportions of prevalent cervical cancer at diagnosis of AGC were found in the age group 30-39 (2.3%), both for adenocarcinoma (P<0.001) and squamous cell cancer (P<0.001), for age groups 30-39 versus 50-59. Conversely, most prevalent cancers at HSIL were squamous cell cancers (86.8%), and the highest proportion of prevalent cancer at diagnosis of HSIL was found in age group 50-59 (5.0%). Prevalent cancer at diagnosis of LSIL was fairly uncommon (0.2%) and did not vary much with age (table 2⇓).
Risk for incident cervical cancer
The incidence rate of cervical cancer after AGC was high at the beginning of follow-up, at 329 per 100 000 person years in the first year, and decreased with time but was still higher than after HSIL for up to around six years and notably higher than after LSIL for up to 10 years (fig 3⇓). Compared with women with normal cytology results, presence of AGC implied a significantly increased risk of cervical cancer for up to 15.5 years (incidence rate ratio from 24.1 to 4.8; table 3⇓). The incidence rate ratio for any cervical cancer after AGC, relative to women with normal cytology, was close to twofold significantly higher than the corresponding incidence rate ratio after HSIL in the first two screening rounds of 0.5-6.5 years after the abnormality (table 3⇓).
The incidence rate of adenocarcinoma after AGC was considerably higher than that after HSIL and LSIL throughout 15.5 years, while it was generally lower for squamous cell cancer (fig 3⇑). The incidence rate ratios showed an 61-fold increased risk of adenocarcinoma after AGC compared with women with normal cytology in the first screening round (60.8, 95% confidence interval 46.0 to 80.4) and remained ninefold higher for up to 15.5 years (table 3⇑). These incidence rate ratios for adenocarcinoma were significantly higher than those associated with HSIL and LSIL for up to 10.5 years (table 3⇑). Notably, the ratio of adenocarcinoma after AGC was significantly higher than the ratio of squamous cell cancer after HSIL for up to 10.5 years (table 3⇑).
Age was an effect modifier for the incidence rate ratio of incident cervical cancer after AGC compared with women with normal cytology (Wald test of interaction term with age at onset: P=0.017). Women with AGC at ages 30-39 had the highest incidence rate and incidence rate ratio compared with those with normal cytology results for all types of cervical cancer (fig 4⇓, table 4⇓), while risk of cervical cancer after an HSIL was shifted towards higher ages (fig 4⇓; appendix 1, table B).
Clinical assessment after abnormalities
Of women with AGC, 53.8% were followed up with histology assessment within six months, which was significantly lower than the proportion of histology assessment after HSIL (85.9%, P<0.001) but higher than that after LSIL (43.2%, P<0.001) (table 5⇓). Among women with histology assessment, the proportion with prevalent cervical cancer at AGC (2.8%) was similar to that at HSIL (3.2%, P=0.10) and higher than that at LSIL (0.4%, P<0.001), while the incidence of cervical cancer after AGC continued to be higher than that after HSIL and LSIL for up to 6.5 years (table 6⇓).
Calendar period effect
We examined prevalent and incident cervical cancer up to 3.5 years after abnormalities, as well as the coverage of histology assessment within six months, by calendar time periods. The coverage of immediate histology assessment increased consistently over the study period for all abnormalities. Only among women with AGC, however, did we observe an increasing (although not significant) trend in incident cervical cancers over the past 30 years (appendix 1, table C).
Main findings and interpretations
In this national population based cohort study, we observed a considerable risk of invasive cervical cancer associated with atypical glandular cells (AGC) found at cervical cytological screening. This high risk could be due to a high underlying risk for these women or suboptimal clinical management, or both.
Our assessment of cumulative incidence of cervical cancer after AGC indicated that its risk profile was moderately lower than that of HSIL but considerably higher than that of LSIL. Adenocarcinoma was the dominant histopathological type of cervical cancer after AGC, and the risk for this disease was significantly higher than after any other cytological abnormality. To the best of our knowledge, ours is the first study to show the association between AGC and a long term increased risk of adenocarcinoma at the population level. We also found that having AGC at ages 30-39 conferred the highest risk for cervical cancer, both in terms of the proportion of prevalent cancer and the rate of incident cancer.
Clinical management can affect the risk of cancer after cytological abnormalities. Less attention has been paid to optimal management of AGC in European guidelines,20 21 22 and the Swedish guideline for management of abnormalities was not issued until 2010.23 We found that the proportion of prevalent cancer with AGC was lower than that with HSIL, but, given that only 54% of women with AGC were followed up with histology within six months while 86% of HSIL were, we could have underestimated prevalent cancer with AGC. In our evaluation among women who had histology assessment within six months, 2.8% of women with AGC were found to have a prevalent cancer, which was closer to the 3.2% among women with HSIL. This implies that there is a considerable proportion of invasive cervical cancer when AGC is found, and that immediate diagnostic investigation is necessary.
We also found that incidence of cancer after AGC was even higher than after HSIL in the subsequent 0.5-6.5 years and similar to HSIL for up to 10.5 years. Considering the lower coverage of histological assessment after AGC, some of the cases found in the first time period might have been missed prevalent cases. Our analysis among women who did have histology assessment within six months, however, showed that the cancer incidence after AGC was still significantly higher than after HSIL for up to 6.5 years. This suggests that there is a high risk for incident cancer that cannot be attributed to a delay in diagnostic investigation. It could be due to lesions that were missed or ineffectively eliminated during or after the initial histology. This would be particularly applicable for glandular lesions, as they might not be as visible and accessible as squamous lesions with colposcopic methods, and the treatment for glandular precursor lesions might not be as satisfactory as for its squamous counterpart.24 25 26 This could also partially explain the higher risk after AGC among women aged 30-39. Given that clinical assessment within six months in this age group was similar to that at other ages (appendix 1, table D), the higher risk might be the consequence of less aggressive assessment and treatment because of the desire to preserve fertility in this age group.
The coverage of immediate histology assessment has increased in the past 30 years in Sweden. Unexpectedly, the subsequent cervical cancer incidence at 0.5-3.5 years still tended to increase among women with AGC, while a similar increase was not observed for women with HSIL and LSIL. This implies there is an increasing trend in underlying risk that is not effectively suppressed by the management after AGC. The current Swedish guidelines recommend immediate histology assessment and subsequent treatment for women with AGC (similar to HSIL management) (appendix 1, table E). According to our findings, this is likely to be insufficient, and a more aggressive assessment strategy, including both an additional histology test in one year and close long term surveillance, could be considered to find the precursor lesions in time.
Strengths and limitations of the study
We used the Swedish National Cervical Screening Registry, which contains results of cervical screening and histology tests back to 1980. Although the registry was not nationally complete before 1995, it was complete within the counties where data were available, thus there was no selection on the characteristics of women. Together with the complete Swedish National Cancer Register, it allowed us to assess the long term risk of this rare cytological abnormality and to study particular histopathological types of cervical cancer. The ability to individually link to nationwide registers of hysterectomy, migration, and death enhanced the validity of our study by identifying true at risk groups.
Despite this, our precision was still limited because of the rarity of AGC as a cytological diagnosis, especially in some age groups, calendar periods, and histopathology findings. Although our data contain all information on histology assessment, information on exact clinical treatment of lesions was not available. Furthermore, AGC was not further specified into subcategories, and the risks of cancer after such subcategories of AGC are therefore unknown.
Comparisons with other studies
Several clinical studies have focused on the clinical relevance of AGC. Schnatz and colleagues reviewed 24 studies and found that 1.1% of women with AGC were confirmed as having a prevalent cervical malignancy,9 which was similar to the proportion of prevalent cancer in our study (1.3%). One population based register study from Taiwan found an 18-fold risk of incident cervical cancer in an average follow-up of six years after AGC, compared with the general population, which again is comparable with our results.27 In addition to these studies, our study provides a more specific risk assessment by follow-up time and a comparison with HSIL and LSIL, which serves to quantify the excess risk associated with AGC.
The proportion of cervical adenocarcinoma at or shortly after AGC varied between 0.6% and 3% in previous clinical studies because of limited numbers of adenocarcinoma (one to seven women).28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 Katki and colleagues found a cumulative incidence of 1.5% for adenocarcinoma in five years after AGC in a cohort in the United States, close to our finding in the same follow-up time.36 Our study contained a large enough sample of women with invasive adenocarcinoma after AGC to show a significant increase in risk and provide the risk profile for an even longer follow-up time.
Others have investigated the age pattern of malignancies related to AGC, and results have been conflicting as to whether the neoplasia is more common among younger women than older, or vice versa.29 30 37 38 39 40 Our study showed that there is indeed a higher risk of cervical cancer among women with AGC aged 30-39 and that the increased risk derives mainly from increased risk of adenocarcinoma.
Testing for human papilomavirus (HPV) might improve the prediction of risk of cancer after AGC as cervical adenocarcinoma and its precursor lesions are also related to HPV infection.41 42 Ronco and colleagues showed a better adenocarcinoma prevention with primary HPV testing, which suggests a potential of this test for the detection of high risk glandular precursor lesions.43 A meta-analysis showed that HPV testing in women with AGC had an overall 90% sensitivity and 75% specificity for detecting CIN2+/AIS+.44 In the US study, 25% of women with AGCs were HPV positive, and the HPV negative AGC group had a low risk of cervical cancer in the subsequent five years.36 These data imply that primary HPV testing with cytology triage could select the highest risk AGC group for further clinical assessment and treatment, although the existence of women with HPV negative AGC who develop cervical cancer warrants attention.36 44
A more aggressive assessment strategy of AGC would increase the likelihood of finding precursors such as adenocarcinoma in situ, which warrant excision of the cervical canal. This leads to an increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes45 as a result of cervical incompetence. As AGC is a relatively rare finding compared with, for example, HSIL (table 1⇑), and a modest proportion of AGC (32%, data not shown) is found in women aged under 40, any increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes after treatment of precursors detected is likely to be limited, especially if AGC can be triaged with HPV testing. The risk of cervical incompetence and subsequent risk of, for example, premature delivery, must be weighed against the risk of development of invasive cancer if treatment of the detected precursor is delayed. Each treating physician needs to discuss this with the woman before a clinical decision is made.
Although we showed that having AGC at older ages was associated with a relatively lower risk of cervical cancer, clinical studies observed a considerable amount of endometrial cancers among women with AGC at age 50 and above,29 30 31 33 34 38 40 44 46 47 48 suggesting AGC at older ages might also be relevant for detection of endometrial cancer.
Conclusions, policy implications, and future investigations
We found that women in whom AGC was detected at cervical screening had a high proportion of prevalent cervical cancer and a higher long term risk of incident cervical cancer, especially for cervical adenocarcinoma.
Women with AGC found at screening should be properly assessed with histology immediately and must not be lost to follow-up. According to our findings, we cannot assume such women are at low risk after only one assessment. A more aggressive assessment strategy seems to be warranted, for example by including an additional histology assessment in one year and close surveillance for many years. Particular attention should be given to women aged 30-39. The rarity of AGC makes the long term close surveillance feasible, in terms of administration and cost.
What is already known on this topic
Atypical glandular cells detected at cervical cytological screening can imply prevalence of a wide range of abnormalities, from reactive changes in cervical cells to invasive gynaecological cancers
Detection of such cells can result in a histopathological diagnosis of either cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grades 1-3, squamous cell cancer, or adenocarcinoma in the short term perspective, but the long term risk is not clear
What this study adds
Presence of atypical glandular cells is associated with a high and persistent risk of invasive cervical cancer for up to 15 years
Such cells are associated with an especially high risk of cervical adenocarcinoma in the short and long term, and risk is higher in women aged 30-39
Compared with the reduction in risk of cancer seen after management of high grade squamous intraepithelial lesions, management of atypical glandular cells seems to have been suboptimal in preventing cancer. Research to optimise management is needed, and a more aggressive assessment strategy is warranted
We thank Pouran Almstedt, Peter Olausson, and Mariam Lashkariani for data management.
Contributors: JW prepared the data, conducted the statistical analyses, and drafted the manuscript. BA conceived the clinical questions and hypotheses. JD and PSp collected and standardised the data. PSt and AP assisted the statistical analyses. KS, KME, LA-D, and PSp advised on study design and manuscript. All authors actively participated in the discussion and manuscript revision, and had access to the data. PSp is guarantor.
Funding: This study was funded by Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research, Centre for Research and Development, Uppsala University/Region of Gävleborg, and China Scholarship Council. The study sponsor did not participate in study design, data collection, analysis, interpretation of data, writing of the article, or the decision to submit it for publication.
Competing interest: All authors have completed the ICMJE uniform disclosure form at www.icmje.org/coi_disclosure.pdf and declare: no support from any organisation for the submitted work; no financial relationships with any organisations that might have an interest in the submitted work in the previous three years; no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work.
Ethical approval: The regional ethics committee in Stockholm, Sweden, granted ethical approval for this study. Informed consent from the participants was not required as their identity was unknown to the authors.
Data sharing: Data from the study is available from email@example.com.
Transparency declaration: PSp affirms that this manuscript is an honest, accurate, and transparent account of the study being reported; that no important aspects of the study have been omitted; and that any discrepancies from the study as planned have been explained.
This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 3.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/.

domain: health


text:
Ban battery cages -- for good
Battery hens live their lives in a space the size of a piece of paper. They lose their feathers, they have their beaks cut off, they are confined with dead chickens and they never, ever see sunlight. It's a miserable life.
Already, three quarters of Aussies buy free range eggs. Now it's time to ban the battery cage forever. Together, we can build an overwhelming call to ban battery cages.
To State and Federal Agriculture Ministers:
We call on you to permanently and enforceably ban the use of battery cages in Australia. We urge you to use the Poultry Code review to ban the use of battery cages and other cages in hen farming.
We need 1,833 more

domain: law


text:
Real Madrid have announced that Eden Hazard will leave this month after reaching an agreement to rescind his contract a year early.
Madrid made the announcement on their offficial website on Saturday.
Hazard joined Madrid from Chelsea in July 2019 as one of the Premier League’s biggest stars, signing a five-year deal in a move worth an initial €100 million.
However, his four seasons at the Santiago Bernabeu have been hampered by persistent injury problems.
This season he has made just six appearances in the league this season — four of them as a substitute — scoring no goals.
“Real Madrid C.F. and Eden Hazard have reached an agreement whereby the player will be released from the club as of June 30, 2023,” Madrid said in the statement.
“Eden Hazard has been part of our club for four seasons, in which he has won eight trophies: one European Cup, one Club World Cup, one European Super Cup, two Leagues, one Copa del Rey and two Spanish Super Cups.
“Real Madrid wants to express its affection for Eden Hazard and wishes him and his entire family the best of luck in this new period.”
Hazard’s injury problems began during his first season in Madrid, with an ankle fracture requiring surgery and the insertion of a metal plate, which caused further problems before being removed two years later.
The 32-year-old never recovered his form and fitness, and he saw his preferred left-wing position occupied by rising star Vinicius Junior.
He retired from international football in December, after Belgium’s group stage exit at the 2022 World Cup.
A month earlier, Hazard had apologised to Real Madrid fans in an interview with the newspaper Marca, saying he was “really sorry about what has happened” and rating his impact on the field as “zero,” saying he would accept a move this summer.

domain: news


text:
Goodwill Belgium 2021 Lapland Squirrel Christmas Figures 35cm
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- Lapland Squirrel Girl or Boy
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- Approx 35 cm
Goodwill Belgium 2021 Mushroom Girl Riding Bee Butterfly 11cm
Our Mushroom Girl Riding Bee or Butterfly Ornament by Goodwill Belgium will add an element of fairytale magic to your Christmas tree theme. Forming part of the classic and collectible Woodland...
Goodwill Belgium 2021 Candy Gingerbread Fish Ornament 10cm
Goodwill Belgium 2021 Candy Gingerbread Kissing Fish Christmas tree Ornament. Our gorgeous Candy Gingerbread Fish are looking sweet and fabulous this Christmas. This season they are wearing iridescent outfits with...
Goodwill Belgium 2021 Tulle Swan Lake Ballerina Decoration Trio 19cm
A trio of Ballerina Christmas tree decorations performing elegant ballet poses. Each of these graceful ballet dancer ornaments wears a hand-decorated costume embellished with pearlized bodices and classic Swan Lake tulle tutus. In Stock Goodwill...

domain: design


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Simplify Cooking for Natural Joint Pain Relief
With May being National Arthritis Awareness Month, I wanted to share some ways to get natural joint pain relief using chopped vegetables in healthy simple recipes!
Sometimes when you have arthritis, everyday tasks can be challenging when you have joint pain. I have two easy ways to simplify cooking and recipe preparation to make it easier for you in the kitchen. I am not sure if there is a best joint pain relief solution but these two ways will help ease joint pain.
In fact, in my Eating Well to Fight Arthritis cookbook I have a chapter devoted to No Fuss Foods and Easy Cooking, with quick recipes and kitchen set up. If you suffer from joint pain, I have arthritis diet recipes just for you to help manage joint pain.
Best Joint Pain Relief: Start with Chopped Vegetables and Pre-cut Ingredients
The first way I find natural joint pain relief is to look for pre-cut and pre-chopped vegetable ingredients. I think you’ll be surprised at how many ingredients you can find pre-cut for healthy simple recipes. Using these available options not only simplifies cooking but makes it so much easier on joint pain!
This Stuffed Bell Pepper Bake is one of my most popular recipes because no one has the time to stuff peppers.
Joint-Friendly Batch Cooking
The second way to find natural joint pain relief is to utilize batch cooking. Wondering what batch cooking is? When you are making healthy simple recipes, always make extra to freeze for another day.
Click here to see Part 1 of National Arthritis Awareness Month on Easy Ingredients and Food That Help Reduce Inflammation.
For more tips on joint-friendly cooking and ingredients for National Arthritis Awareness Month, click here to see the full blog from The Healthy Cooking Blog and watch the video above!

domain: food


Better access at Mount Boardwalk
A new development to the main beach board walk at Mount Maunganui hopes to increase access for more users of the popular track.
The development has seen a new section attached to the board walk to allow better access over the grass for people in wheelchairs or with prams.
Tauranga City Councillor Leanne Brown has been a strong force behind the development and says she noticed the need for the development last April.
“When I was walking around the mount from April last year I realized we didn’t have enough connectivity from the pedestrian crossing to up over to the board walk.”
“I asked staff if we could include it into the minor works programme and at that point in time the budget was already spent.”
Since this time Council has completed work around the base of Mauao, on Adams Ave and on the Marine Parade corner to connect the area up and make it flatter and more accessible.
“They’ve flattened the speed bumps, widened the footpath and improved the walk from Pilot Bay through to the beach,” says Leanne.
The development to the boardwalk was completed last week.
“Mark Smith, the parks and recreation manager sent photos through to me and said ‘thought you’d be delighted to see these’ and I was.”
“We’re trying to be more accommodating for more people across the city,” says Leanne.
“20 per cent of people around the city have got a disability of some sort, if we can make their life easier then we’re on a really good track.”


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Our latest ladies tees give us something to boast about. We've added magnificent hand-embellished beading, mixed antique metal nailhead studs, and contrast woollen embrodiery, to our beautiful graphics.
The perfect accompaniments to your collection of unique, feminine, Kingsley graphic tees.
Our signature t-shirts are crafted from the finest, 100% cotton with luxurious peached hand-feel, for long-lasting comfort and durability. Our t-shirt collection is unique and versatile, promising you something for any occasion.

domain: artistic


text:
What is the coldest temperature ever recorded in Colombia?
The record high temperature for Colombia is 45°C (113°F), set in Puerto Salgar, Cundinamarca, on December 29, 2015. The lowest recorded temperature in Bogota, the capital, is -3.9°C (25°F).
What is the population of Campinas?
According to the 2020 estimate, the city’s population is 1,213,792, making it the fourteenth most populous Brazilian city and the third most populous municipality in São Paulo state.
What is the maximum temperature in Poland?
The hottest area is central Poland, with the temperatures exceeding 18 deg. C (64.5 F). Hot days, when the temperature exceeds 28 deg. C (82 F) and over, occur from May to September.
What is the coldest month in Czech Republic?
January is the coldest month with daytime temperatures usually around zero, but in some cases winter months can be very cold with temperatures far below zero and strong, cold winds.
Is Campinas worth visiting?
Campinas is a smaller but beautiful upcoming tourist destination that is worth a visit. You will be surprised by some of the unique things to do and places you can explore at this hidden destination. You can definitely plan a few hours of a side trip here while traveling to Sao Paulo or Sao Vicente.
What country is Campinas?
Campinas, city, eastern São Paulo estado (state), southeastern Brazil, located in the highlands near the Atibaia River at 2,274 feet (693 metres) above sea level.
Is Poland a hot or cold country?
Poland has a moderate climate with both maritime and continental elements. You can count on many sunny days and many rainy days and don’t be surprised when the summer turns out to be quite hot or quite rainy. Winters are usually cold, with temperatures well below freezing, and more or less snowy.
Does Czech have snow?
Czech Winter Weather. Czech winter usually lasts from mid-November through mid-March. Winters are cold, cloudy, icy and wet with freezing temperatures. The first snow often comes in November and the lowest temperatures (-5°C/20°F to -10°C/10°F, less in higher elevations) can be expected in January and February.
Did Chile get snow?
About two inches of snow was most common in the city, but up to 16 inches fell in parts of the region, according to the Associated Press. “Chile’s Meteorological Office said it was the biggest snowfall in the capital in 46 years,” the AP reported.
Which is the hottest South American country?
Highest, lowest, wettest, driest: South American extremes
- Highest point: Aconcagua, Argentina.
- Lowest point: Laguna del Carbon, Argentina.
- Driest place: Atacama Desert, Chile.
- Wettest place: Tutunendo, Colombia.
- Coldest place: Sarmiento, Argentina.
- Hottest place: Rivadavia, Argentina.
What language is spoken in Campinas?
The official language of Brazil is Portuguese, but as both Spanish and English are taught as second languages from an early age, they are also widely spoken. Expatriates moving to Campinas are advised to learn some Portuguese phrases, however.
What is the richest city in Poland?
With residents earning almost two times the national average, Warsaw is the wealthiest city in Poland, according to the CEOWORLD magazine data. People living in Warsaw earn $2,011 per head of population compared.

domain: travel


Prime News, National, Agriculture, Farmers, Constitution, Democracy, Chandigarh, November 19: – On Friday November 19, Punjabic Congressman Navjot Singh Sidhu called Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s announcement to repeal all three laws agricultural “steps in the right direction”. direction.”
He added that the “sacrifice of the farmers has paid off”.
âThe repeal of black laws is a step in the right direction. Satyagrah from Kisan morcha achieves historic success. Your sacrifice has paid off. Relaunching agriculture in Punjab through a road map should be the top priority of the Pb government rewards, âSidhu said.
Hundreds of farmers have camped at Delhi’s three borders since November 2020 with the demand that the government repeal the Agricultural Trade and Trade (Promotion and Facilitation) Act of 2020; Farmers’ Agreement (Empowerment and Protection) on the Agricultural Price Insurance and Services Act 2020; and the Essential Products (Amendment) Act 2020
They also called for a new law to guarantee the minimum support price (MSP) for crops.
The Center, which has held 11 rounds of formal dialogue with farmers, argued that the new laws are favorable to farmers, while protesters claimed they would be left at the mercy of businesses because of the laws. (Entries: Agencies, NGB)


In its short tenure, New Jersey’s tech-progressive death metal unit, Uncured, has generated a notable buzz among fans and the industry. Fronted by teen brothers Rex and Zak Cox, who serve as the band’s vocalists and dual guitar wizards, Uncured got its feet wet in 2016 with the release of its Spontaneous Generation EP. Next To None’s Max Portnoy served as drummer for the release. This spring, the band released its debut full-length album, Medusa, with Jon Kita joining on bass and Liam Manley on drums. The group recently wrapped a tour with Katatonia, and this summer they will share the stage with DevilDriver, followed by a fall run with Children of Bodom. This week, Metalholic chatted with the Cox brothers about the band’s history, debut album, and future.
The Uncured sound encompasses several styles. Some of their inspirations are easier to catch than others.
“We’ve been influenced by a wide variety of bands,” admits Rex. “The first band we always reference would be Opeth, primarily because of their ability to combine very heavy, brutal parts with softer, melodic parts. Their writing philosophies carry over into a lot of ours, even though musically we don’t sound totally similar. Also we’re very inspired by Jeff Loomis and John Petrucci, because we see them as the two best guitarists in the metal scene today. Watching their playing and seeing how technical they are, that’s really inspired us to push ourselves to become more technical. You’ll hear a lot of that in our music as well.”
Spontaneous Generation was released as an instrumental EP and featured Mike Portnoy’s son Max on drums.
“When we first wrote our EP, it was written over the course of a few years,” shares Rex. “My brother and I were always throwing riffs at each other; ‘How do you like this? How do you like that?’ When we decided we actually wanted to record our EP we had sequenced drums on it, and we thought that we needed real drums to really pull it all together. There’s something about real drums that you just can’t accomplish with sequenced drums. So we contacted Max and Mike Portnoy and they were more than happy to have Max fill in on our first EP.”
Between the EP and the Medusa album, the band added vocals and solidified its line-up. With that, there has been a notable evolution in the quartet’s sound.
“When we initially started we wanted to have vocals on our music,” notes Rex. “We didn’t have any intentions of putting vocals on the EP, which was a little bit of a sampler of everything that we set out to accomplish musically. I think it’s a logical progression from the EP to Medusa, which is heavier, and we added vocals. Even though a lot of the stylistic choices are similar, I think that Medusa takes a step towards where we want to go as a band from the EP.”
“For most instrumental bands there sort of is a limitation on a wide appeal to a larger group of people,” adds Zak. “We would like to have as large an audience as possible. When we were writing Medusa, we wanted to think; ‘What’s going to translate the best to a live performance setting?’ Which is what we think is the most important part of being in a band. You need to have an amazing live show. That’s why we wrote a lot of Medusa how we did, because we knew we wanted harsh vocals, and we knew we wanted it to translate well live. I think we accomplished what we set out to do. We’re very pleased with our final product.”
Since the release of Medusa, the band has reworked its track “Stygian Pit”, adding vocals, and releasing it in new form as “Stygian Valley,” which the band has released as its latest single.
“What we were thinking with ‘Stygian Valley’ is we needed a heavier version of ‘Stygian Pit,’” offers Rex. “Obviously to make it heavier we could, a) add vocals and then, b) we restructured the song without losing any portions, cause we knew what we wanted to keep. We had to cut out parts that repeated and things like that. That process was a unique one for us because we’ve never actually redone a song that we’ve made previously. But it went very fluidly, and on ‘Stygian Valley’ we had time to do a bunch of extra vocal tracks to make them sound better than Medusa because we had, a) more experience and, b) the ability to really produce the vocals in a unique way.”
You can check out the full interview with Rex and Zak Cox and check out the video for “Stygian Valley” below. You can also find Uncured on tour this year with DevilDriver and Children of Bodom.


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Most everyone who hears of the Cariboo gold rush thinks of Billy Barker and his legendary strike on Williams Creek. They think of the town of Barkerville that sprang up and survives to this day as a glimmer of living history.
I grew up with this history. However, The glimmer of history I grew up with had legends like William Luce (aka The Wild Yank), Thomas Hayward, Pat McGovern, Doc Keithley, John A Likely, and Au Tom
These were the miners of Yanks Peak, Keithley Creek, Bullion Pit, Quesnel Forks and the lost Chinaman Mine.
The Bullion Pit was the largest hydraulic mine in the world in the early 1900's, Moorhead lake was created to be a reservoir. This mine in the span of a decade hydraulic 220 million tons of material into the Quesnel river. This is just down stream of the Mount Polley spill of 5 million tons in 2014.
Likely was once known as Quesnel Dam...yes, as I understand it, there was a dam across the river. It could hold the water back just long enough for people at Quesnel forks to load their baskets with nuggets from the dry river bed.
William Luce (the wild yank) of Little Snowshoe Mountain Later known as Yanks Peak was a successful miner and owned a road house on Little Snowshoe Creek. The summer road to Barkerville was over the meadows. That old road still exists today
The Lost Chinaman mine is said to be north of kangaroo Gulch. Quite a story of a man who struck it rich and then "looked till the end of his days" to find the mine that he had made his fortune.
The story of murderers gulch and the buried gold is still out there...
Please welcome http://www.cariboogoldrush.ca/

domain: history


*** Best paper award: Co-simulation Based Building Controls Implementation with Networked Sensors and Actuators, Yao-Jung Wen (Philips Research North America); Dennis DiBartolomeo (Lawrence Berkeley National Lab); Francis Rubinstein (Lawrence Berkeley National Lab)
*** Best poster award: Appliance Classification and Energy Management Using Multi-Modal Sensing, Mario Berges (Carnegie Mellon University); Anthony Rowe (Carnegie Mellon University)
The World is increasingly experiencing a strong need for energy consumption reduction and a need for efficient use of scarce natural resources. Official studies report that buildings account for the largest portion of World's energy expenditure and have the fastest growth rate. Clearly, energy saving strategies that target energy use in buildings and surroundings can have a major impact worldwide, driving the current energy market toward self-sufficiency and self-sustainability. This calls for effective techniques and methods that enable accurate carbon foot printing, monitoring and control of appliance activity, energy auditing and management in buildings and surroundings and the generation of energy awareness.
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) play a key role in enabling energy-saving systems in buildings and surrounding spaces by providing a reliable, cost-effective and extensible solution that can be placed in existing as well as new structures and can be controlled via the Internet. In fact, WSNs allow the monitoring of the energy consumption in near-real time and, as such, they are an essential tool in the control loop that will be used in future structures for the generation and usage of diverse types of energy.
*** New this year: Demo session! ***
We solicit both papers AND demos that focus on new techniques and technologies capable of improving the global energy efficiency of buildings leveraging connected sensing systems, networks, and devices. Technical papers and demos will be presented on November 1, 2011.
* Paper submission deadline:
July 30, 2011 August 6, 2011 (New deadline is firm and there will be no further extension)
* Notification of acceptance:
August 31, 2011 September 15, 2011
* Demo submission deadline: September 1, 2011
* Camera Ready Due:
September 15, 2011 October 7, 2011
* Workshop and Demo session: November 1, 2011
Accepted papers and demo abstracts will appear in the workshop proceedings and will be electronically published by ACM.


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NEW YORK (AP) - Apollo Education is being taken private in a $1.1 billion deal by a consortium led by The Vistria Group.
NEW YORK (AP) — Apollo Education is being taken private in a $1.1 billion deal by a consortium led by The Vistria Group.
The announcement Monday comes about a month after the owner of the University of Phoenix, another for-profit college, signaled that it may be looking for a buyer.
Shareholders of Apollo Education Group Inc., based in Phoenix, will receive $9.50 per share, a 37 percent premium to the company's $6.95 Friday closing price.
Vistria is joined in the buyout by funds affiliated with Apollo Global Management LLC and Najafi Cos.
Tony Miller, chief operating officer of Vistria and a former deputy secretary of the Department of Education, would be Apollo's chairman.
The acquisition, already approved by Apollo's board, is expected to close by August.

domain: economics


text:
The popular culture of urban and rural tsarist Russia revealed a dynamic and troubled world. Stephen Frank and Mark Steinberg have gathered here a diverse collection of essays by Western and Russian scholars who question conventional interpretations and recall neglected stories about popular behavior, politics, and culture. What emerges is a new picture of lower-class life, in which traditions and innovations intermingled and social boundaries and identities were battered and reconstructed. The authors vividly convey the vitality as well as the contradictions of social life in old regime Russia, while also confronting problems of interpretation, methodology, and cultural theory. They tell of peasant death rites and religious beliefs, family relationships and brutalities, defiant peasant women, folk songs, urban amusement parks, expressions of popular patriotism, the penny press, workers' notions of the self, street hooliganism, and attempts by educated Russians to transform popular festivities. Together, the authors portray popular culture not as a static, separate world, but as the dynamic means through which lower-class Russians engaged the world around them.
In addition to the editors, the contributors to this volume are Daniel R. Brower, Barbara Alpern Engel, Hubertus F. Jahn, Al'bin M. Konechnyi, Boris N. Mironov, Joan Neuberger, Robert A. Rothstein, and Christine D. Worobec.

domain: sociology


text:
The Booker-shortlisted novelist Abdulrazak Gurnah gives us a story with a secret at its core – and yet, there is nothing manipulative about the withholding of the truth, and no sense that the author is relying on a breadcrumb trail of clues to keep us reading. Instead, and more satisfyingly, he is writing about the cost of secrets that are based on imbalances of power – imbalances of class, gender and love.
The “secret” at the start of the book seems nothing more than a domestic falling-out. Salim is seven, in 1970s Zanzibar, when his father abandons the house; at first his mother says he has only gone away for a few days. Soon it becomes clear that he has moved out and is renting a room in another part of town. At first she delivers him a basket of food every day, then she asks Salim to take over the duty. Neither parent ever speaks of the reason for their discord.
The novel is divided into three parts. The first gives us Salim’s life in Zanzibar, growing up in a happy family that bafflingly becomes broken. Eventually certain truths about his mother’s life become distressingly clear to him, but he manages only a half-conversation about it with her and becomes increasingly isolated within his own anger and confusion. When his uncle Amir offers him the opportunity to move to London as a student, it seems like an escape.
The second part is Salim’s life in the UK, when he begins to understand more of what happened between his parents, and also discovers the sadness and dislocation of being away from home. He doesn’t know how to belong in the strange place in which he has found himself but feels increasingly cut off from the world he’s left behind. This is not a new subject for novelists – Gurnah himself has written about exile in his sixth novel By the Sea – but that does nothing to take away from its emotional strength. In By the Sea, the exiled figure was an asylum seeker, facing all the difficulties that such a position brings. Salim is in a far more privileged position – his education leads to employment and there is no fear of deportation or penury. His sorrows come from having two countries and no home; he also feels the awful weight of knowing he has cast himself out of his place of birth because something unbearable has happened that no one knows how to confront. The UK does, in time, become a kind of home with friends and lovers. But Salim never quite manages to follow his father’s advice: “As you travel keep your ear close to your heart.”
It is part of Gurnah’s great skill as a writer that the question of what happened between Salim’s parents dominates neither our thoughts nor those of the protagonist when he is in the UK. Its presence, felt in the background while Salim is making a life for himself, is enough to engage us, carrying the story along. It is only in the final section, his return to Zanzibar, that the power of that untold story makes itself felt. That’s when we realise there is a retelling of a Shakespeare play deep within the book’s structure; to say which play would reveal too much.
Throughout, the elegance and control of Gurnah’s writing, and his understanding of how quietly and slowly and repeatedly a heart can break, make this a deeply rewarding novel.

domain: library


- Custom 3D printed shell
- Custom linux distribution for fast boot ([from button press to emulationstation in 10 seconds](https://imgur.com/a/TFRGUFs))
- Single press power on and long press power off
- Battery Monitor icon and safe shutdown
- Stereo Speakers, Audio Jack and Volume Control
- 12 Buttons
- 5 inch display
- Raspberry Pi Zero powered
The Pi Zero and the 5 inch display are the reason for the naming *Z5*.
The model was designed in Fusion360. If you want to change the design, you can find the whole model here. The STLs are in the Files section and the Github repository. Furthermore there are exported STEP and Fusion360 Archive Files ready to download.


Looks like the White House is about to shit a brick over the prospect for impeachment.
The Bush administration is bracing for impeachment hearings in Congress.
“A coalition in Congress is being formed to support impeachment,” an administration source said.
Sources said a prelude to the impeachment process could begin with hearings by the Senate Judiciary Committee in February. They said the hearings would focus on the secret electronic surveillance program and whether Mr. Bush violated the 1978 Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act.
Administration sources said the charges are expected to include false reports to Congress as well as Mr. Bush’s authorization of the National Security Agency to engage in electronic surveillance inside the United States without a court warrant. This included the monitoring of overseas telephone calls and e-mail traffic to and from people living in the United States without requisite permission from a secret court.
Sources said the probe to determine whether the president violated the law will include Republicans, but that they may not be aware they could be helping to lay the groundwork for a Democratic impeachment campaign against Mr. Bush.
“Our arithmetic shows that a majority of the committee could vote against the president,” the source said. “If we work hard, there could be a tie.”
Impeachment proponents in Congress have been bolstered by a memorandum by the Congressional Research Service on Jan. 6. CRS, which is the research arm of Congress, asserted in a report by national security specialist Alfred Cumming that the amended 1947 law requires the president to keep all members of the House and Senate intelligence committees “fully and currently informed” of a domestic surveillance effort. It was the second CRS report in less than a month that questioned the administration’s domestic surveillance program.
The latest CRS report said Mr. Bush should have briefed the intelligence committees in the House and Senate. The report said covert programs must be reported to House and Senate leaders as well as the chairs of the intelligence panels, termed the “Gang of Eight.”


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As your dog gets older, even if he is generally in good spirits, you may notice changes in him:
- Not so bright or alert
- Gets out of breath quickly
- Less agile
- Spends more time sleeping
- Less enthusiastic to go for a walk
Any of these could be a sign of something more serious than just “old age” and so it is always wise to get him/her checked at your vets. If your vet is happy that your dog’s health is generally good and that these are just signs of “aging”, your vet can prescribe medication in tablet form – such as Vivitonin – that can help your dog to perk up.
This medication helps to improve the blood flow to the heart, skeletal muscle and brain; opens airways to the lungs and has a mild stimulating effect on some nerve cells in the brain. Many dogs become much brighter and livelier and willing to exercise.
Vivitonin is not always suitable for all dogs. Your vet will advise you if it is suitable for your dog based on your dog’s general health and medical history.

domain: pet


text:
About Ajay Devgan Hit Songs
With Ajay Devgan Hit Songs App, You will find all the hit songs from Ajay Devgan movie songs. In this app you will get Ajay Devgn hits. It's quite easy to hear your favorite songs of your favorite actor Ajay Devgan. At once place you can get Ajay Devgan old songs collection and new latest songs from Ajay Devgan movies.
Ajay Devgan, is an Indian film actor, director and producer. He is widely considered as one of the most popular actors of Hindi cinema, who has appeared in over a hundred Hindi films. Devgan has won numerous accolades, including two National Film Awards and four Filmfare Awards. In 2016, he was honoured by the Government of India with the Padma Shri, the fourth highest civilian honour of the country. He gave several commercially successful films Phool Aur Kaante, Diljale, Ishq, Once Upon A Time In Mumbaai, Golmaal 3, Singham, Son of Sardaar, Drishyam, Shivaay, Baadshaho and many more.
You can watch nice collection of Hindi songs that are Ajay Devgan hit songs which are evergreen to listen even today. There are over a hundred songs of Ajay Devgn songs from bollywood films. So here is best collection of Ajay Devgan songs. Celebrate life with melodious music of Ajay Devgan hit songs app.
If you have any suggestions or ideas to improve our app, send us an email or contact us.
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domain: entertainment


text:
Kelly - Bernese Mountain Dog Puppy for Sale in Wooster, OH
Check out this Amazing AKC Bernese Mountain Dog puppy! This puppy was born May 28th and will be ready for a forever family on July 23rd. This puppy has been family raised in the country, will be checked by a veterinarian and is up to date on shots and wormers. This puppy is great around kids and will be an awesome addition to any family. For more information or to set up a visit, call or text Regina Shetler at 330-473-3911 Mon-Sat, Sunday calls will be returned on Monday.


At least 26 more people have died in monsoon flooding and lightning strikes in India, as millions remained marooned in the country and neighbouring Bangladesh, authorities said Monday.
Floods are a regular menace in India and Bangladesh, but experts say climate change is increasing their frequency, ferocity and unpredictability for the two countries’ 1.6 billion people.
In India’s northeastern state of Assam, three people were killed in landslides while six others died in flood waters, disaster management authorities said. In the eastern state of Bihar, lightning triggered by storms killed at least 17 people, according to local disaster management minister Renu Devi.
Assam continued to reel under severe flooding, with 5,140 villages across the state’s 33 districts submerged by surging waters. More than 100,000 villagers are taking refuge in relief shelters.
The state was first hit in April when pre-monsoon rains arrived, causing floods that killed 44 people. The floodwaters receded after a few weeks, only to rise again in June at the start of the annual monsoon season and taking the state toll to 71 so far.
In neighbouring Meghalaya state, at least 16 people have been killed since last Thursday after landslides and surging rivers that submerged roads.
Monsoon storms have also unleashed devastating floods in Bangladesh that have left millions stranded and killed dozens so far.
On Monday, flood water was gradually receding from the northeastern district of Sylhet, though millions are still marooned, said Mosharraf Hossain, the chief administrator of the district.
But the receding water is flooding districts further downstream in Habiganj and Brahmanbaria, officials said.
In Jamalpur district, an eight-year-old girl was swept away by strong currents from her inundated backyard and later found dead, police officer Aminul Islam told AFP.
Heavy rainfall also continued in the southeastern Chittagong Hills districts leading to waterlogging in the port city and exacerbating risks of landslides.
In other news – DJ Zinhle’s post dedicated to AKA has Mzansi talking
DJ Zinhle’s post dedicated to AKA has Mzansi talking! As good as the co-parenting situation between DJ Zinhle and AKA is, people are often left divided over some of the things they do publicly.
For Fathers Day, DJ Zinhle celebrated her baby daddies, but some people felt her celebrating AKA was a bit too much considering the fact that they had broken up and moved on a long time ago. Learn more


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Protect your property and find all ten ways to Whack The Thief in this funny sequel to our other brutally wacky whacking game!
Whack The Boss is a game and should not be copied in real life!
Get our latest games first @ http://box10mobilegames.com/
APKFab.com and the download link of this app are 100% safe. All download links of apps listed on APKFab.com are from Google Play Store or submitted by users. For the app from Google Play Store, APKFab.com won't modify it in any way. For the app submitted by users, APKFab.com will verify its APK signature safety before release it on our website.


text:
Sarah, thank you! I think my favorite is the bottom one. This just captures their innocent joy. Delightful!
That is adorable. I love the 2nd one too. You're getting REALLY good. I should send you some pictures of me to fool around with. Also, I like your EXTREME edit of the 'about me' on your photography blog. Much more direct and readable! I can't help but be wordy.
Post a Comment


text: Absolutely AWEFUL! Normally we do not have an issue with New Hunan. Their food is ok and mediocre but they deliver. However today we were delivered food that was half fresh and half bad. We ordered as soon as they opened. The food came and was immediately tried by half the ordering party. Unknown to me they threw it out. About 2 hours later I was informed my lunch was gone because it had been rotten, the shrimp was bad, it smelled. When I called to speak with them they REFUSED to do anything about it. They said it has been too long since they delivered and although it was bad when they delivered we did not call them fast enough and now it is just too bad for us!


text:
When does school start?
Are you ready for school to start?
It seems she doesn't want to go back to school any more than her students. She's dreading that first day. She's uncertain about the quality of life she will have when classes begin.
But is that really the image that she wants to portray? Is she being aloof because she thinks it's a funny response, or does she really feel that way about her chosen career?
When does the store open back up for the season?
Are you ready for the mopping season to begin?
I think we might do well to rethink how we answer. Our constant response of, "Don't remind me," just doesn't cut it when we maintain that we are teachers because we want to make a difference. Well, do we or don't we? You just can't sigh about it and still be passionate about it. I wonder why we don't anticipate August in much the same way as so many anticipate baseball season or football season.
If we feel like we have one of the most important jobs in the world, why do we play it down so much when somebody asks if we want to do it? That's clearly the wrong message to put out there. We don't accept such from our students, so why do we accept it from ourselves? We don't have to demand respect from the general public, but we would garner a fairer amount of it if we humbly and cheerfully anticipated getting to do it for another year. It's time to rethink our response to Are you ready?


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Police are offering tips on how to avoid having your vehicle stolen after another pickup truck was stolen in the county last Friday.
On Friday, the Wellington County OPP received a report of a stolen vehicle. It was reported that at approximately 3:00 a.m., a red, 2021 Ram 1500 Rebel crew cab pickup truck with Ontario license plate AM40917 was stolen from a parking lot on St. David Street South.
Video surveillance shows two unknown persons approaching the vehicle and gaining entry. The pickup truck was last seen heading southbound on Highway 6 at a high rate of speed.
On the same day, Wellington County OPP received a report of an attempted vehicle theft that had occurred at approximately 2:45 a.m. at a residence on Cherry Hill Place.
#WellingtonOPP investigating the theft of a red 2021 Dodge Ram 1500 from Fergus @CentrWellington on Jan 20 '23. Last seen heading south on 6 HY. Pls contact OPP at 1-888-310-1122 with any info or @CSGWtips. See below video for some tips on how to protect your vehicle. ^JU pic.twitter.com/kzMSQFwMTT— OPP West Region (@OPP_WR) January 24, 2023
At this time, it is too early in the investigation to determine if the two incidents are related. However, the Wellington County OPP would like to remind residents of some steps that they can take to help protect their vehicles:
1. Park your vehicle in your garage if you are able to do so.
2. Use a steering-wheel lock. Do not leave the key for the lock in your vehicle.
3. Use an OBD port lock also referred to as a "port blocker."
4. Store key fobs in a Faraday or RFID pouch.
5. Cover the VIN on the front dashboard with a removable piece of paper or tape. Do not deface the VIN.


text: Production values?: Alexander Dodge's design concept, that is part topiary garden, part miniature golf course, sustains beautifully, with the help of a few elevating traps, clever staging and some painterly lighting designs by Matthew Richards. I also love Linda Cho's costumes that speak wittily and well of class and rank, sex and lack of sex in 1920s Illyria. (Her take on Malvolio's yellow-stocking outfit is a bold and literal one of a divided self.) But David Budries and Nathan A. Roberts' original music doesn't ground viewers in mood, time or place.


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Baller Status :: Author Q&A: JLove Calderon
"Not only does JLove live, sleep and breathe hip-hop, above all, she fights for the genre and its culture. The well respected educator/activist, who is dedicated to the struggle for human rights and the positive proliferation of youth and hip-hop culture, has created and contributed to numerous of events and organizations, including We Got Issues! National Arts and Civic Engagement Tour and B-Boy Summit.
Growing up as a white girl in a multi-colored community filled with gang violence and hip-hop music, JLove is no stranger to the subjects she discussed while presenting at universities with the likes of KRS-One and Rosa Clemente. The activist recently released her second book, That White Girl, in which her own life and experiences serve as the guideline. Read on as JLove discusses her novel, love for hip-hop and her outlook on racism in hip hop culture."
To Read the entire interview visit the Ballerstatus website here...


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So how hard would it be to make a few changes in the website. Well could you read seafoam colored text on a lavender background-let’s see…After I made a few changes would it save? no. Wake up, make a new Website:
Anyway it’s a work in progress.


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Sheet Music: Score
Columbine : a setting of a poem by Hugh McCrae / music by Horace Keats.
by Horace Keats (1940)
Published by: Wirripang — 1 score (4p. -- A4 (portrait))
Difficulty: Advanced — AMEB Grade 8
Duration: 3 min.
Includes song lyrics, biographical notes on composer and programme note.
Catalogue no.: HKHM101.
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AS we all know, the area that is now Milton Keynes was designated a ‘new town’ in 1967. Many may not know that our burgeoning borough soon has a golden opportunity: to become the UK’s 67th city.
Milton Keynes, the newest and largest of the post-war ‘new’ boroughs, has clearly outgrown its new town tag. In 2012, the Queen is set to grant city status to mark her Diamond Jubilee. And it was revealed last month that, controversially, only one town will be crowned winner.
MK was disappointed in 2000 when Brighton and Hove and Wolverhampton strove to victory; in 2002 we were pipped to the post by Preston. But why is it so important for us to get city status?
Becoming the official city of Milton Keynes would finally recognise that we are in the big league, competing with places like Birmingham, Manchester, Oxford and Cardiff. Such status would not only attract more people to come here, such as businesses. It would also be a fantastic reward for the people who have lived in MK and created it.
I also would argue that we are not just ‘up there’ nationally, but internationally. The inspirational Pete Winkelman put us on the global sporting map by securing World Cup host city status in 2009. In 2010, our own Formula One racing team, Red Bull, reinforced our sporting credentials by winning the drivers and constructors’ championships.
MK has paved the way in urban design and has been copied as far afield as China, envied for our unique grid road system and Redways. In fact, the architects behind Milton Keynes are working on replicating some of our urban design in Wuhan. Even our shopping centre is a Grade II-listed building, while our world-class Open University has pioneered distance learning.
Often in the public consciousness, Milton Keynes is used as a byword for artifice and modernity. We are not artificial; we are not new. We have a vast heritage, stretching from the Romans, through the Civil War to the Industrial Revolution and beyond. In fact Milton Keynes takes its name from the village which was actually mentioned in the Domesday Book.
It is accepted that the perseverance and genius that took place at Winston Churchill’s beloved Bletchley Park shortened the Second World War, saving countless lives. History here is living history: bustling Wolverton was the country’s first purpose built railway town; Newport Pagnell houses the country’s last parchment makers, who are still prolific.
So by May 27 of this year we need to have submitted a profile, arguing our case. In Parliament last month, one MP called a debate on granting city status to Perth in Scotland. As far as I’m concerned, there is no debate as to whether MK should be crowned a city: it’s our turn.
Anyone who has been here cannot fail to appreciate our diversity and dynamism. Luckily, Her Majesty has visited before – in 1979 to open the Civic Offices; then in 1992 to open the city church; and again in 2007 to open the Hub and stadium:mk. She will have seen how dramatically it has evolved over those years.
Failing all that, we could just hope that our monarch opts for the old ‘stick a pin in the middle of a map’ method. After all, centrality is one of our countless assets – MK was deliberately created to be equidistant from London, Birmingham, Oxford and Cambridge).
In this instance, it could really pay off.
If you would like to to contact me; the details are on my website at www.lanacaster4mk.com

domain: geography


Tandridge District Council, Mole Valley District Council and Reigate & Banstead Borough Council provide a shared Building Control service known as Southern Building Control Partnership.
Please visit www.southernbcp.co.uk for information and guidance about the building regulations process, or to make an online building regulations application for a project within the area covered by our three councils.
Building regulations property history search
Up to 1 June 2017
If you are searching for building regulations for a property up to 1 June 2017 please use our search.
From 1 June 2017
If you are searching for building regulations for a property after 1 June 2017, please contact us.


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If you’re like most home buyers, then you’re going to require a mortgage to fund buying a new property. Rent To Own Homes Somerset Ky
To be eligible, you must have a great credit score and cash for a down payment.
Without all these, the standard path to home ownership may not be an alternative.
There is an option, however: a lease agreement, where you lease a home for a specific period of time, using the choice to buy it before the lease expires.
Rent-to-own agreements include 2 components: a normal lease agreement and an option to purchase.
Following is a rundown of what to look for and the way the rent-to-own process works.
It is more complicated than renting and you will need to take additional precautions to guard your interests.
Doing this can help you discover if the price is a good pick if you’re looking to buy a home.
You Want to Pay Alternative Money
In an rent-to-own agreement, you (as the buyer) pay the seller a one-time, generally nonrefundable, upfront fee called the option fee, alternative money or option consideration.
This charge is what gives you the option to purchase the home by some date later on.
The option fee can be negotiable, since there’s no typical speed.
Still, the fee generally ranges between 2.5% and 7% of their cost.
In certain contracts all or some of the option money may be placed on the eventual purchase price at closing.
Read the Contract Carefully: Lease Option vs. Lease Purchase
It’s important to note there are various sorts of rent-to-own contracts, with a few becoming more consumer friendly and more flexible than many others.
Lease-option contracts supply you with the best — but not the duty — to buy the house when the lease expires.
In the event you opt not to get the property at the end of the lease, the option simply expires, and you are able to walk away with no obligation to continue paying rent or to purchase.
Look out for lease-purchase contracts. With these you could be legally obligated to buy the house at the conclusion of the rent — if you can afford to or not.
To possess the choice to buy with no responsibility, it has to be a lease-option contract.
Because legalese can be challenging to decode, it’s always a good idea to review the contract with a qualified real estate lawyer before signing anything, so you know your rights and precisely what you’re getting into.
Specify the Purchase Price
Rent-to-own agreements must define if and how the home’s purchase price is set.
Sometimes you and the seller may agree on a cost when the contract is signed — often at a higher cost than the current market value.
In different situations the price is determined when the lease expires, based on the home’s then-current market value.
Many buyers prefer to”lock ” the purchase price, particularly in markets where housing prices are trending upward.
Know What Your Rent Buys
You’ll pay rent through the lease term.
The issue is whether a portion of each payment is applied to the eventual purchase price.
Normally, the lease is a bit higher compared to the rate for the region to compensate for the lease credit you receive.
But be sure you understand what you are getting for paying that premium.
Maintenance: It Could Not Be Like Renting
Based on the conditions of the contract, you might be accountable for maintaining the property and paying off for repairs.
Because sellers are ultimately responsible for any homeowner association fees, taxes and insurance (it is still their property ( after all)they typically choose to cover these costs.
Either way you are going to require a renter’s insurance coverage to cover losses to personal property and supply liability coverage if someone is injured while at the home or in case you accidentally injure somebody.
Be sure maintenance and repair requirements are clearly stated in the contract (ask your attorney to explain your responsibilities).
Keeping up the property — e.g., mowing the yard, raking the leaves and cleaning the gutters out — is quite different from replacing a damaged roof or bringing the electrical up to code.
Whether you’re going to be accountable for everything or simply mowing the lawn, have the house inspected, order an appraisal and make sure the house taxes are up to date before signing anything.
Buying the Property
What occurs when the contract finishes depends upon which sort of agreement you have signed.
If you’ve got a lease-option contract and would like to obtain the property, you’re probably going to will need to find a mortgage (or alternative financing) so as to pay the vendor in full.
Conversely, in case you opt not to get the home — or cannot secure financing by the end of the lease term — the option expires and you move out of the home, just as though you were renting any other property.
You’ll likely forfeit any money paid to that point, including the option money and some other lease credit earned, but you will not be under some obligation to continue leasing or to purchase the house.
In case you’ve got a lease-purchase contract, you may be legally bound to obtain the property once the lease expires.
This can be problematic for a lot of reasons, especially if you aren’t able to procure a mortgage.
Lease-option contracts are almost always preferable to lease-purchase contracts because they provide more flexibility and you do not risk getting sued if you’re unwilling or not able to purchase the home when the lease expires.
Who’s|Who is|Who Is} an Ideal Candidate for Rent-to-Own
A rent-to-own agreement can be an exceptional choice if you’re an aspiring homeowner however aren’t quite prepared, fiscally speaking.
These agreements provide you with the opportunity to get your financing in order, increase your credit score and help you save money for a down payment while”locking in” the home you’d like to have.
In case the option money and/or a proportion of the lease goes toward the purchase price — that they often do you also get to create some equity.
While rent-to-own agreements have traditionally been targeted toward individuals who can’t qualify for repaying loans, there’s a second group of candidates who have been mainly overlooked by the Monetary industry: people who can not get mortgages at expensive, nonconforming loan economies.
“In high-income urban real estate markets, in which jumbo [nonconforming] loans will be the standard, there is a huge requirement for a better solution for fiscally viable, credit-worthy men and women who can’t get or don’t want a mortgage nevertheless,” says Marjorie Scholtz, founder and CEO of Verbhouse, a San Francisco–based start-up that is redefining the rent-to-own market.
“As housing prices rise and a growing number of towns are priced from conforming loan limits and pushed to jumbo loans, the issue shifts from customers to the home finance industry,” says Scholtz.
With strict automated underwriting guidelines and 20 percent to 40% down-payment requirements, even financially competent folks may have trouble getting financing in these types of markets.
“Anything unusual — in income, for example — tosses good income earners in an’outlier’ standing because underwriters can not fit them into a box,” says Scholtz.
Including individuals who have nontraditional incomes, are self explanatory or contract employees, or have unestablished U.S. charge (e.g., foreign nationals) — and people who just lack the massive 20% to 40% down payment banks need for nonconforming loans.
High-cost markets aren’t the obvious place you’ll come across rent-to-own possessions, which is what makes Verbhouse odd.
But all possible rent-to-own home buyers could benefit from trying to compose its consumer-centric features into Monetary contracts:
The alternative fee and a portion of every rent payment buy down the purchase price dollar-for-dollar, the rent and price are locked in for as much as five years, and participants can build equity and capture market admiration, even if they choose not to purchase.
According to Scholtz, participants can”cash out” in the fair market value: Verbhouse sells the house and the participant retains the industry appreciation plus any equity they have accumulated through rent”buy-down” obligations.
Do Your Homework
Even though you’ll rent before you buy, it’s a great idea to work out the exact due diligence as if you were purchasing the house .
If You Are Thinking about a rent-to-own property, Be Certain to:
- Pick the Proper terms. |} Enter a lease-option arrangement as opposed to a lease-purchase agreement.
- Hire an experienced real estate attorney to explain the contract and help you understand your rights and duties. You might choose to negotiate a few things before signing or prevent the deal if it’s not positive enough for you.
- Research that the contract. Make sure you understand:
- the deadlines (what’s because )
- the option fee and lease payments — and how much each applies towards the cost
- how the buy price depends
- how to exercise your option to buy (by way of example, the seller might ask you to offer advance notice in writing of your intention to purchase )
- whether pets are permitted
- who is responsible for upkeep, homeowner association dues, land taxes and so on.
- Order an independent appraisal, acquire a home inspection, guarantee the property taxes are up to date and ensure there are no liens on your property.
- Check the seller’s credit report to look for indications of financial problem and receive a title report to realize how long the vendor has owned it the longer they’ve owned it and the greater equity, the better.
- Double check. Under which circumstances can you lose your option to purchase the home? Under some contracts, then you eliminate this right if you’re late on just 1 rent payment or if you are unable to inform the vendor in writing of your intent to buy.
A rent-to-own agreement allows would-be property buyers to move into a house right away, with different years to focus on enhancing their credit ratings and/or saving for a deposit before attempting to acquire a mortgage.
Obviously, certain terms and conditions have to be fulfilled, in accordance with the rent-to-own arrangement.
Even if a real estate broker assists with the procedure, it’s vital to speak with an experienced real estate attorney who will clarify the contract as well as your rights before you sign up.
Just like anything, always consult with the appropriate professionals prior to entering into any type of agreement.
Thanks for taking the time to find out more about Rent To Own Homes Somerset Ky, hopefully you found what you were looking for.


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nude naked bare Victoria’s Secret model Karolina Kurkova finds herself in the enviable position of being one of the most sought after models for editorial and runway as well as mainstream and consumer campaigns. She was named one of the world’s “50 Most Beautiful People,” by People Magazine for the second time and remains the youngest model ever to win ‘Model of the Year’ at the VH1/Vogue Fashion Awards. Adding to this, in July 2007, Karolina was listed by Forbes as one of the top-earning supermodels in the world.
After being spotted by a model scout in 1999, Karolina was signed to an exclusive Prada/Miu Miu contract, a plum project for a fresh-on-the-scene young model, and modeling snowballed into an explosive career. Karolina has since starred in fashion and beauty campaigns for such internationally iconic clients as Chanel, Yves Saint Laurent, Celine, Helmut Lang, Louis Vuitton, Gucci, Dolce & Gabbana/ D&G, Versace/ Versus, Christian Dior beauty, Tommy Hilfiger, Express, Victoria’s Secret, Missoni, Blumarine and Anna Molinari, to name a few. She has made over 367 runway appearances for such diverse designers as Michael Kors, Helmut Lang, Donna Karan, Marc Jacobs, Anna Sui, Alexander Wang and Calvin Klein. Karolina was chosen to wear the $15 million jeweled Fantasy Bra for Victoria’s Secret in 2002 and she also appears in the prestigious Pirelli calendar.

domain: celebrity


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I am interested in mechanisms underlying response properties of neurons in primary sensory cortex using both electrophysiology and imaging in vivo. As sensory information moves from the periphery to the cortex the representation of the world is systematically transformed. Understanding the basis for these transformations sheds light on how the brain makes sense of the complicated world in which we reside.
My research interest is to understand the neural bases of visual perception in the visual cortex. Specifically, by using whole-cell intracellular recordings in the cortex of behaving animals, I aim to investigate the relationships between membrane potentials of single cortical neurons and perceptual decisions in detection tasks.
I am interested in understanding sensory transformations and their mechanisms in the visual system. I study this using in vivo two photon calcium imaging and in vivo intracellular recordings.
I am interested how sensory systems compute and contextualize information about the observers environment. My research is focused on how the statistics of the environment change neural response properties (sensory adaptation) and how responses due to sensory stimulation interact with internal noise. To answer these questions, I record neural activity in visual cortex using in-vivo electrophysiology and two-photon microscopy.
|Research and Technical Staff|
neurophysiology lab technician and manager
|Veronica Choi (former Ph.D. student) currently at SensEye
Chris Lee (former research technician) currently in medical school at UT Southwestern
Devon Greer (former research technician) currently a graduate student at Northwestern University
Mert Erdenizmenli (former research technician) currently in medical school at UT Medical Branch
Benjamin Scholl (former Ph.D. student) currently a post-doc at Max Planck Florida Institute for Neuroscience.
Andrew Tan (former post-doctoral student) currently Assistant Professor at National University of Singapore.
Sari Andoni (former post-doctoral student) currently at SparkCognition.
Joe Corey (former M.S. student) currently at Agent Ace.
Deepankar Mohanty (former undergraduate researcher) finished at Baylor Medical School
Brandon Brown (former research technician)
Neda Shahidi (former research technician) currently a postdoc in Gottingen, Germany.
Posted in Uncategorized

domain: psychology


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Kona Exotic Coffee Beans
Kona coffee is the market name for coffee (Coffea arabica) cultivated on the slopes of Hualalai and Mauna Loa in the North and South Kona Districts of the Big Island of Hawaii. It is one of the most expensive coffees in the world. Only coffee from the Kona Districts can be described as "Kona". The weather of sunny mornings, cloud or rain in the afternoon, little wind and mild nights combined with porous, mineral-rich volcanic soil, creates favorable coffee growing conditions.


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Harry Styles is taking a massive stand against gun violence.
The Grammy Award-winning singer announced over the weekend that he would be partnering with Everytown for Gun Safety on his upcoming Love On Tour following recent gun attacks in Buffalo, New York, and Uvalde, Texas, that have left dozens dead, including 19 children.
“Along with all of you, I have been absolutely devastated by the recent string of mass shootings in America, culminating at the latest in Robb Elementary School in Uvalde, Texas,” Styles shared on Instagram. “On our North American tour, we will be partnering with Everytown who work to end gun violence, donating to support their efforts and sharing their suggested action items.”
View this post on Instagram
Styles also shared a statistic from Everytown that states firearms are the leading cause of death for children and teens in the U.S. Everytown for Gun Safety is an American nonprofit organization which advocates for gun control and against gun violence.
Styles is donating proceeds from the upcoming tour and will also match contributions from Live Nation, equating to more than $1 million, to Everytown. Styles shared this news after all 42 shows sold out last week.
Styles is the latest — although hopefully not the last — celebrity to speak out against gun violence in recent weeks. Taylor Swift, Selena Gomez, Matthew McConaughey and more took to social media last week to lament their frustration and urge others to action. Dozens of faith leaders also called for actions and prayers to end gun violence.
It will take more than famous faces to end gun violence, but perhaps Styles’ contribution will be the place where change can start.