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- Townes , Charles Hard
- (1915–) American physicistBorn in Greenville, South Carolina, Townes was educated at Furman and Duke universities in his home state and at the California Institute of Technology, where he obtained his PhD in 1939. He worked at the Bell Telephone Laboratories (1939–47) before he took up an appointment at Columbia University, New York, where he became a full professor in 1950. He moved to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1961 and then served as professor of physics at the University of California at Berkeley from 1967 until 1986.In 1953 Townes designed the first maser (microwaveamplification by stimulated emission of radiation). The maser works on the realization in quantum theory that molecules can only adopt a certain number of discrete characteristic energy states and that in their movement from one energy level to another they emit or absorb precisely determined amounts of radiation. Townes knew that the ammonia molecule (NH3) could occupy one of two energy levels, the difference between them equaling a particular energy of a photon.The question Townes went on to ask is, what happens if the ammonia molecule absorbs the photon of the appropriate frequency while it is at its higher energy level? Albert Einstein had answered the question in 1917 and shown that the molecule would fall to its lower state emitting a photon of the same frequency. There would then in fact be two photons of the right frequency to repeat the process and produce four photons. This is a rapid and powerful amplification producing a narrow beam of radiation with a single frequency. In this case the radiation emitted would have a frequency of 1.25 centimeters and thus fall in the microwave band, hence the name maser.In any normal sample of ammonia only a few of the molecules would be in the higher energy state. Townes's problem was to devise a technique for the separation of molecules of the higher energy level (‘population inversion’) and he did this using a nonuniform electric field; molecules in the higher state were repelled and focused into the resonator while those in the lower state were attracted to it. By 1953 Townes had a working model of a maser.Masers quickly found use in atomic clocks, receivers in radio telescopes, and numerous other uses. The maser led to the development of the laser, where light is amplified rather than microwave radiation and which was known in its earlier days as an ‘optical maser’. Townes, in fact, published a paper with A.L. Schawlow in 1958 showing the theoretical possibility of the laser. He was, however, beaten in the race to construct it by Theodore Maiman in 1960.
Scientists. Academic. 2011.

domain: chemistry


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A new initiative, which aims to help visitors enjoy Perthshire’s outdoor experiences, launches today (30 September). Seven local activity providers have pooled their collective skills and knowledge to launch Perthshire Adventure.
The collaboration, which includes the launch of a new website, will provide visitors with access to the range of different outdoor adventure activities to be enjoyed in the region.
The group, which originally formed two years ago under the Scottish Enterprise Planning to Succeed Rural Development programme in partnership with GrowBiz, has continued to collaborate virtually during the COVID-19 restrictions to launch a resource that will help the local adventure tourism sector recover from the devastating impact of the pandemic.
With adventure tourism identified as an area for growth within the Tay Cities Regional Strategy, and the sector widely recognised as an important part of Perthshire’s tourism offering, it's hoped the collaboration will ensure outdoor adventure is a must for visitors to the area.
As well as showcasing outdoor activities, the group is also working with local food and drink and culture and heritage businesses to provide visitors with a unique adventure-filled experience.
We are delighted that after months of hard work we are officially launching Perthshire Adventure. Tourism has been hit hard by the COVID-19 pandemic. Perthshire Adventure is part of GrowBiz’s Smart Village initiative, and has enabled us to come together, think creatively and help support adventure tourism in Perthshire and Scotland. Our new website will allow visitors to really make the most of their time with us.
This is a welcome initiative, and a positive development at a time of uncertainty for rural businesses. Perthshire Adventure is a great example of a sectoral Smart Village. It will offer valuable opportunities for collaboration with enterprises from other sectors, and GrowBiz looks forward to providing continuing support to the group.
2020 has been one of the most challenging years in Scottish tourism’s recent history but the resilience of the sector never ceases to amaze me. It has been fantastic to see the group come together, sharing their knowledge, skills and passion to create something that will undoubtedly help more visitors discover Perthshire’s diverse adventure tourism offering. With more and more visitors looking for immersive experiences or ways to improve self-development, Perthshire Adventure is well placed to embrace this movement in a safe and responsible way.
Members of Perthshire Adventure include; Progression Bikes, Outdoor Explore, Beyond Adventure, PaddleSurf Scotland, Still Going Strong, The Canyoning Company and Wee Adventures.
Visit the new Perthshire Adventure website for more information and follow #PerthshireAdventure on social media.

domain: news


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T.G.I. Friday's Loaded Fries Cheese & Bacon
T.G.I. Friday's® Cheese & Bacon Loaded Fries. New! Crispy, microwaveable french fries loaded with cheddar cheese, monterey jack cheese & bacon. U.S. inspected and passed by department of agriculture Est. 18205. Crispy from the microwave! Learn more at: www.fridaysinyourfreezer.com. T.G.I. Friday's is a registered trademark of TGI Friday's of Minnesota, Inc., and is used under license to H.J. Heinz Company L.P. ©2013 TGI Friday's Inc.

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Given their tiny bodies, you must be curious about how long do Chihuahuas live or what determines their lifespan. All these questions may pop into any Chihuahua owner’s mind once in a while.
Luckily, the answers can be found right here in this guide! Let us discuss everything to know about the Chihuahua lifespan and how to help a Chihuahua live longer.
Chihuahua Life Expectancy: How Long Do Chihuahuas Live on Average?
Recent data suggest that Chihuahuas can live for 15 to 20 years despite being the smallest existing breed. In fact, a Chihuahua named Megabyte was hailed by the Guinness World Records as one of the world’s longest-living dogs.
Like other small dog breeds, Chihuahuas can avoid having major health problems as long as problems are handled at an early age. This means that they can be free of pain or struggles throughout the end of their lifespan.
On another note, a study in 2001 found out that when compared to other small breeds, Chihuahuas had the lowest incidence of gum diseases, which significantly improved their survivability and life expectancy.
They live a long life along with other small breeds such as Yorkshires, Dachshunds, Shih Tzus, Toy Poodles, Pomeranians, and Spaniels.
The Oldest Living Chihuahua: How Old Is the Oldest Chihuahua in the World?
The oldest Chihuahua in the world is a pooch named Megabyte. He is the only known and recorded Chihuahua that lived for 20 years and 265 days.
According to a verified list of longest living dogs, Megabyte ranks as number 17 out of 21 oldest living dogs in Guinness World of Records.
Unfortunately, Megabyte passed away on January 1, 2014. Despite this, Megabyte still retains his title as one of the oldest Chihuahuas in the world.
As a small breed, Chihuahuas are prone to heart failure caused by valve disease. They are also known to be susceptible to neurological diseases such as congenital deafness, neuroaxonal dystrophy, and many more.
Overall, it is impressive that Megabyte did not fall victim to these life-threatening concerns and stayed healthy throughout the end!
Factors That Determine the Lifespan of Your Chihuahua
Multiple factors determine the Chihuahua lifespan. It is essential to familiarize yourself with these factors so you can keep your Chihuahua healthy for the years to come.
A Chihuahua’s diet plays a vital role in its overall lifespan. Chihuahuas must be fed with good quality dog food without preservatives and artificial flavors.
Responsible pet parents must also give them a consistent routine to avoid overfeeding.
An unbalanced diet may lead to stomach problems as well as obesity. Thus, avoid giving your Chihuahua human food such as leftovers or human snacks.
Their cute puppy eyes may tempt you to indulge them, but for their health, do not give in.
As mentioned above, obesity can be a problem for small dogs like Chihuahuas. The healthy weight for Chihuahuas is between 3.3 pounds and 6.6 pounds (1.5 to 3 kg).
If you have a fat Chihuahua, its small body may not be able to support itself. This can lead to joint problems, muscle pain, diabetes, and even difficulty breathing.
On another note, if the Chihuahua weighs less than the expected average, things can turn critical at any moment.
Malnutrition can weaken their immune system, and they’ll be more prone to infections. Thus, an owner must always pay close attention to their Chihuahua’s body weight.
Like any average dog, Chihuahuas also need adequate exercise in order to stay healthy and in shape.
Ideally, Chihuahuas should walk for at least 30 minutes per day especially if they are deer-legged. If possible, owners can divide this into two 15-minute walks.
If you cannot go outdoors with your Chi due to certain conditions, you can play fetch with them along with other indoor games that require a lot of movement.
Consider dedicating at least 30 minutes of playtime with your furry friend. You can also divide this into two sets, just like walking. This will significantly improve their lifespan because they aren’t sedentary.
Though many Chihuahuas live long, it does not mean that they are free from any potential diseases. Like other dogs, Chihuahuas are also prone to multiple health problems.
For example, a study in 2017 suggests that Chihuahuas are common victims of a neurological condition called Syringomyelia. Other health issues such as hip dysplasia, luxating patella, and spinal injuries are also common.
Genetics can either improve or worsen the Chihuahua lifespan. This is why it is important to look into the parents’ background before buying or adopting a pup.
If the parents are healthy, there will be a lower risk of inheriting genetic disorders. On the other hand, if the parents are runts, and you have a teacup Chihuahua, it would be a big problem.
Reputable Chihuahua breeders do genetic testing on their dams and sires before breeding them. They only proceed with breeding if the dogs are free from inheritable diseases.
Speaking of which, you can check out our list of top Chihuahua breeders who have their breeding stock genetically tested prior to mating.
Like humans, Chihuahuas can also be sensitive about their environment. A healthy environment will improve their quality of life.
Ideally, they should be kept in a clean and quiet place. If they are kept as outdoor pets, make sure the outdoor fields are disinfected so that they are free from any potential bacteria or viruses.
There must be no pollution, and their enclosure should be secure enough. In some states, wild animals may break into properties and place your Chihuahua in danger.
To prevent this, pet owners must keep their fences strong and high enough to keep invaders out.
Spaying and Neutering
Like many dogs, Chihuahuas can also develop ovarian, testicular, and prostate cancers. Chihuahuas that are not neutered tend to have a shorter lifespan; thus, spaying or neutering is vital.
These procedures also help keep their hormones in check, actively lowering their stress levels and keeping their temperament in a normal state.
Interestingly, statistics suggest that female Chihuahuas tend to live longer than males. Currently, there is no known cause for this difference. However, females will live for about one and two years longer than a male Chihuahua.
It is possible that living conditions can also contribute to this factor, as some female Chihuahuas may have better lifestyles compared to male Chihuahuas.
However, Megabyte, the oldest living Chihuahua, is a male dog. Megabyte proves that gender is not always a determining factor for a Chihuahua’s lifespan.
Though Chihuahuas are studied to have a lower risk of developing dental issues, they can still develop tooth decay and gum diseases.
This can be prevented by a routine dental check, chew toys, and high-quality food. Brushing their teeth daily is also an option, but this will require dedication.
Make sure you give enough time to your Chihuahua to keep their gum and teeth healthy. When oral problems occur, they become at risk of dental infections. If left untreated, it may lead to heart disease and kidney diseases.
How to Identify the Age of Your Chihuahua in Human Years
It’s a common belief among dog parents that a dog’s age in human years is seven times in dog years. However, a more accurate way of calculating your dog’s human age has been revealed by a 2019 study from Science Magazine.
By using a calculator, compute your dog’s age by using the following formula:
16 ln (Your Chihuahua’s Age) + 31 = Human Age
First, take your Chihuahua’s natural logarithm (the “In” function) and then multiply it by 16. Afterward, add 31, and the result is their age in human years.
According to the study mentioned above, this formula is derived from the chemical changes that occur in a dog’s DNA.
Scientists used these changes to compare them with human DNA. As a result, they came up with this formula that is more accurate to use.
Though this formula is better, it is still new and not widely known or used within the dog lovers community.
Here is an age chart for the Chihuahua breed and its human years equivalent:
This table applies to most small dog breeds that are 20 pounds (9 kg) or less. It is easy to tell from this table that Chihuahuas age rapidly compared to humans.
However, keep in mind that not all dogs are the same as some can age slower and some age faster. Like many small breeds, Chihuahuas age faster during their puppy stage.
To summarize, a Chihuahua’s average life expectancy is equivalent to 76 to 96 years in human years. If you want to try a different method, you can use an online dog age calculator. However, it only works on purebred dogs.
What Do Chihuahuas Usually Die From?
While they are considered among the longest living dogs, Chihuahuas can still pass away sooner than expected. It can be due to accidents or health problems that manifest as they age.
Below is a detailed summary of common causes of fatality among puppies and adults.
Common Causes of Death in Chihuahua Puppies
All life is most vulnerable at a young age, and Chihuahua puppies are no different. However, given their small bodies, they are more sensitive to diseases if not properly cared for.
Here are some common causes of death in Chihuahua puppies:
- Parvovirus: Parvovirus is spread through contact with an infected dog or the feces of an infected dog. This disease attacks the immune system and the gastrointestinal tract. Vaccines can help prevent this problem.
- Distemper: This is a serious gastrointestinal or respiratory infection. It can be prevented through vaccines, but once it develops, it is highly contagious and extremely painful. This disease attacks the brain and spinal cord of any dog.
- Leptospirosis: Canine leptospirosis can be developed at any age, but Chihuahua puppies are more at risk due to their vulnerable system. It is often caused by urine from infected wildlife such as rats. This is why you must move newborn puppies to a clean and secured area.
- Sepsis: Sepsis is an infection in the blood often caused by bacteria. This is a very critical condition that has a 40% survival rate despite having adequate treatment.
- Physical Trauma: Tragically, about 16.8% of Chihuahua puppies die from physical trauma such as falling from high places, accidentally being stepped on, improper handling, and getting hit by a car. It is recorded as the second most leading death for Chihuahuas, both puppies and adults.
The majority of these common Chihuahua health problems can be easily avoided with proper care and medical attention. Noticing the symptoms early on is also a great life-saver.
Keep a close eye on them to ensure that the tiny pup lives. Make sure they are well protected from any risk mentioned above.
Common Causes of Death in Chihuahua Adults
As Chihuahuas grow old, they also develop problems caused by their deteriorating health. Some are unpreventable as it happens with age, while some can be fixed through medical care.
Here are some common causes of death of an adult Chihuahua:
- Heart Failure: Heart failure is mainly caused by old age, but some Chihuahuas can be born with a heart defect. A Chihuahua’s diet and exercise can also play a role in manifesting this disease. In some cases, injuries can also cause this problem.
- Heart Valve Disease: This is a cardiovascular disease where the heart wears out and leaks as a result. It is mainly caused by old age. However, conditions such as endocarditis can also trigger it.
- Arrhythmia: Arrhythmia is another heart disease in Chihuahuas. It is when the heart beats either too fast or too slow. In some cases, it may completely skip a few beats, causing difficulty breathing.
- Infections: Infections such as parvovirus, distemper, leptospirosis, and sepsis can also happen to adult Chihuahuas. If not vaccinated, they are more prone to contagious viruses. If their immune system is weakened by their age, they are also more likely to develop an infection.
- Physical Trauma: Puppies are not the only ones that can be victims of physical trauma. Adult Chihuahuas can still suffer from fatal injuries when hit by a car, stepped on by accident, or falling from high places. Their bodies are not as strong as other breeds, and with old age, joints become more fragile.
As stated earlier, these problems are mostly inevitable as old age comes for them. Like humans, most living creatures on earth grow weaker as they grow older.
READ NEXT: Male vs. Female Chihuahua: Which Is Better?
10 Easy Tips to Help Your Chihuahua Live Longer
Reading about the health risks a Chihuahua can encounter can raise the alarm flags in many dog lovers. The good news is there are many ways to improve the Chihuahua lifespan.
Here are a few tips to help your Chihuahua live a long and healthy life:
1. Routine Checkups
As they are one of the smallest dog breeds, Chihuahuas need to visit the vet regularly or at least once every three months. If your Chihuahua is comfortable with vet trips and you can afford it, monthly visits are ideal.
If you want to learn how much you’ll spend on these vet visits, check out our Chihuahua pricing guide.
2. Balanced Diet
To avoid obesity or malnutrition and maintain a healthy weight, giving your Chihuahua a nutritious diet is a must. An average Chihuahua needs to eat at least ½ or ⅓ cups of premium dog food per day.
As a small breed, they don’t need a lot, but they need high-quality meals. Set a fixed schedule for feeding time to encourage your Chihuahua to eat sufficiently.
A healthy Chihuahua requires regular exercise to maintain a healthy weight. As previously stated, Chihuahuas need at least 30 minutes of walk per day.
Ideally, dividing it into two 15-minute walks is the best for your pooch.
4. Spaying or Neutering
If you have no plans of breeding your Chihuahua, spaying or neutering is recommended. It helps prevent the risk of reproductive cancers and other health problems, effectively improving their lifespan.
It also helps control their hormones, reducing their stress and aggression.
While this is already common knowledge, not all dogs are vaccinated when adopted or saved.
Vaccines help avoid diseases such as parvovirus and distemper. Make sure your Chihuahua is properly vaccinated by visiting the vet.
6. Proper Living Conditions
Chihuahuas are a relatively healthy breed, but they can be sensitive about their space compared to larger dogs. It is important to provide them with a stress-free environment to relax and feel safe.
Their enclosure must be kept clean, and the air must be fresh. Since they are small, it can also be easy for them to run away or escape.
To keep them safe at home, Chihuahua owners should make sure that there are no blind spots where they can slip into and escape from.
7. Careful Handling
With their small figure, they are more fragile than bigger and stronger dogs. Even as an adult, you should still mind the way you hold or carry a Chihuahua to avoid causing a serious injury.
Always be gentle with their delicate bodies, especially with teacup Chihuahuas.
If you are walking in the dark, try to check the ground by feeling it with your hands first. This is to make sure that you don’t step on them unintentionally.
8. Dental Care
Proper dental care is important for many dogs. Brush your Chihuahua’s teeth regularly, at least once a day, to help prevent dental problems. You must also be careful with their chew toys and ensure they are proper toys for small dogs.
Avoid giving them other food that is not their dog food or treats. Another reason why high-quality dog food is crucial for Chihuahuas is to make sure their teeth or gums won’t be damaged by low-quality food. Always stick to the best choice of dog food.
Dogs of any age and breed can benefit from vitamins A, C, D, E, K, and B. You can inquire for a prescription from your vet to give you a supplement plan for your Chihuahua.
While this is not always necessary, it improves their quality of life. It helps your Chihuahua live a long and happy life if you can afford to maintain their supplements.
10. Mental Stimulation
Aside from keeping your Chihuahua physically active, you should also keep their mind or senses alert.
Hide treats to stimulate their nose and enjoy sniffing around the house. You should also give them enough playtime or attention to prevent loneliness.
Once you are familiar with all these tips, your dog owner instincts will remember them automatically. Great mental health for dogs will improve their life span.
Senior Chihuahua Dog Care
Because of their long life, Chihuahuas are only considered senior dogs at around ten years of age (in dog years). So if you own one or plan to adopt one, being ready for the future will come in handy.
Therefore, here are some tips on how to care for a senior Chihuahua:
- Keep a closer eye on your senior Chihuahua more than ever.
- Make sure they stay active, both mentally and physically.
- Consider consulting your vet for pain relief medication.
- Don’t let them overeat to avoid too much weight gain.
- Brush their smooth coat regularly if your dog is a longhaired Chihuahua.
- Soothe body pain by gently massaging your Chihuahua.
- Use supplements such as chondroitin sulfate and glucosamine.
- To avoid dental problems, you must maintain their oral care.
- Schedule vet visits more often.
- Keep an eye on your Chihuahua’s weight.
- Try to spend as much time as possible with your Chihuahua.
Prepare to extend your patience for any senior dogs. Their senior years are the time to give them extra care and attention more than ever.
You can watch this video to get a visual idea of how to care for senior dogs in general:
Frequently Asked Questions
Can Chihuahuas Live Up to 20 Years?
Yes, Chihuahuas can live up to 20 years. They are considered to be among the longest-living breed of dogs. With proper care, this breed, including teacup Chihuahuas can live for 15 to 20 years.
Compared to other dogs, small dogs like Chihuahuas are known to live longer.
What Age Is Considered Old for a Chihuahua?
A Chihuahua is considered old at ten years of age in dog years. In human years, ten dog years is 56 human years. It is half of their maximum lifespan, just like how 50 is considered half of a human’s lifespan.
Why Do Chihuahuas Live So Long?
Chihuahuas live so long because small breeds are studied to age slower compared to large dog breeds.
An evolutionary biologist named Cornelia Kraus reported that bigger dogs age faster than small ones. Additionally, small dogs like Chihuahuas are less at risk of cancer because of this phenomenon.
How Do I Know If My Chihuahua Is Dying?
You will notice if your Chihuahua is dying when there is a lack of movement and their body has gone limp.
The muscles are no longer solid as the air leaves their lungs. You may also observe some extreme behavioral changes such as sudden aggression or abnormal restlessness.
Chihuahuas are clearly known for their loyalty and long life, so any owner can expect a long-term companion and prepare for it.
Before buying or adopting a Chihuahua, one must know that despite their small body, their life is a big responsibility since they live up to 20 years.
Be prepared for any possible health concerns. But as long as Chihuahuas are well-taken care of, they will have little to no health issues up until their senior years.

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The Nautilus Lifeline has been designed with the tough in mind. With a 130-metre depth rating, and a 5-year battery life, it gives the peace of mind a diver, paddler, fisherman or any ocean goer needs to enjoy their sport with safety. Compact and hi-vis, the Nautilus will fit into any BCD or jacket pocket with the ability to also tuck into your life jacket.
Why should all ocean goers carry a Nautilus Lifeline?
With a satellite messenger onboard, the Nautilus Marine Rescue GPS is not only a personal locator beacon and more than an EPIRB, but a communicator putting you in direct contact with all AIS equipped boats, ships or anyone within 55 metres of you. The new release is half the size of the original model and extremely easy to activate making it a no-brainer to carry for safety. If you are on or in the water you should carry a Nautilus. Compact, super tough and affordable, the Nautilus advises all AIS equipped boats exactly where you are without triggering any emergency response, it's the safety device you shouldn't leave the shore without.

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“This 2019 iteration of the celebration of music that is the Shannonside Winter Music Festival had 80 events spread over 5 days covering 10 different musical genres… bluegrass was well catered for on the lineup, the Special Consensus, no strangers to the festival, the headline act. But until they rode into town for the established Sunday afternoon bluegrass concert, The Petersens and the Munich String Band ably held the keep…”Read More
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Posted by Dave Jnr | January 17, 2019
“Pulling from their extensive catalogue of material, the 2-hour-long intermission-interrupted set contained many a highlight: the harmonies; the a cappella Gospel numbers; and the instrumentals, especially the bass solos (who doesn’t love a good bass solo or two?) & instrumental-heavy encore, were all outstanding, or just as one might expect from this polished quartet.”Read More
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Health insurance is a crucial aspect of our lives, providing financial protection and access to quality healthcare services. With numerous options available, it’s essential to understand the different types of health insurance plans and how they can meet your specific needs. In this comprehensive guide, we will explore various health insurance plans, their benefits, coverage options, and how to choose the right plan for you and your family.
1. Introduction to Health Insurance
Health insurance plays a vital role in protecting individuals and families from high medical expenses. It provides coverage for a wide range of healthcare services, including doctor visits, hospital stays, prescription medications, and preventive care. By paying a monthly premium, policyholders gain access to a network of healthcare providers and receive financial support for their medical needs.
Health insurance plans are typically offered by private insurance companies, employers, or government programs like Medicare and Medicaid. These plans vary in terms of coverage, costs, and eligibility requirements. Understanding the basics of health insurance is essential for making informed decisions about your healthcare coverage.
2. Medicare and Medicaid Plans
Medicare and Medicaid are government-funded health insurance programs designed to provide coverage for specific populations. Medicare is primarily for individuals aged 65 and older or those with certain disabilities, while Medicaid caters to individuals with lower incomes.
Medicare offers several different plans, including Original Medicare (Part A and Part B), Medicare Advantage (Part C), Medicare Prescription Drug Coverage (Part D), and Medigap supplemental plans. Each plan has its own benefits and coverage options, allowing beneficiaries to choose the most suitable option based on their individual needs.
Medicaid, on the other hand, is a joint federal and state program that provides health coverage to individuals and families with limited income. Eligibility requirements vary by state, and the program covers a wide range of healthcare services, including doctor visits, hospital stays, prescription drugs, and long-term care.
3. Blue Cross Blue Shield Plans
Blue Cross Blue Shield (BCBS) is a nationwide association of 35 independent, locally operated companies that provide health insurance coverage to millions of Americans. BCBS companies offer a variety of health insurance plans, including individual and family plans, employer-sponsored plans, and Medicare and Medicaid plans.
Individual and family plans offered by BCBS provide comprehensive coverage for essential healthcare services. These plans can be purchased through the Health Insurance Marketplace or directly from BCBS companies. Employer-sponsored plans, on the other hand, are offered by employers to their employees and often provide a range of coverage options to suit different needs.
BCBS also participates in Medicare and Medicaid programs, offering plans tailored to the specific requirements of these populations. These plans provide additional benefits and services beyond what traditional Medicare or Medicaid covers, ensuring comprehensive healthcare coverage for beneficiaries.
4. Understanding Health Insurance Terminology
When navigating the world of health insurance, it’s essential to understand the terminology commonly used in the industry. Here are some key terms to familiarize yourself with:
Premium: The amount you pay each month to maintain your health insurance coverage.
Deductible: The amount you must pay out of pocket before your insurance coverage begins.
Copayment: A fixed amount you pay for a specific service or medication at the time of receiving it.
Coinsurance: The percentage of the cost of a covered service that you are responsible for paying after meeting your deductible.
Out-of-pocket maximum: The maximum amount you will have to pay for covered services in a given year. Once you reach this limit, your insurance will cover 100% of the costs.
Network: A group of doctors, hospitals, and other healthcare providers that have agreed to provide services at discounted rates to members of a specific health insurance plan.
Preauthorization: The process of obtaining approval from your insurance company before receiving certain medical services or treatments.
Formulary: A list of prescription drugs covered by your insurance plan, along with the associated costs and coverage tiers.
In-network: Healthcare providers and facilities that have contracted with your insurance company to provide services at reduced rates to plan members.
Out-of-network: Healthcare providers and facilities that do not have a contract with your insurance company. Using out-of-network providers may result in higher costs to you.
Understanding these terms will help you navigate your health insurance plan and make informed decisions about your healthcare.
5. Types of Health Insurance Plans
Health insurance plans can be categorized into several types, each offering different coverage options and benefits. Let’s explore the most common types of health insurance plans available:
Individual and Family Plans
Individual and family plans are designed to provide health insurance coverage for individuals and their families. These plans can be purchased directly from insurance companies or through the Health Insurance Marketplace. Individual and family plans typically offer coverage for essential healthcare services, including preventive care, doctor visits, hospital stays, and prescription medications.
Employer-sponsored plans are health insurance plans offered by employers to their employees. These plans can vary in terms of coverage options, costs, and network providers. Employer-sponsored plans may include options such as Health Maintenance Organizations (HMOs), Preferred Provider Organizations (PPOs), or High Deductible Health Plans (HDHPs), each with its own set of benefits and restrictions.
Short-Term Health Insurance
Short-term health insurance plans provide temporary coverage for individuals who need health insurance for a limited period. These plans are often used as a bridge between other health insurance coverage, such as during job transitions or until the next open enrollment period. Short-term health insurance typically offers limited coverage and may have restrictions on pre-existing conditions.
Medicare is a federal health insurance program primarily for individuals aged 65 and older, as well as certain individuals with disabilities. Medicare offers several different plans, including Original Medicare (Part A and Part B), Medicare Advantage (Part C), Medicare Prescription Drug Coverage (Part D), and Medigap supplemental plans. These plans provide coverage for hospital stays, doctor visits, prescription medications, and other healthcare services.
Medicaid is a joint federal and state program that provides health coverage to individuals and families with limited income. Eligibility requirements and coverage options vary by state, but Medicaid typically offers comprehensive coverage for essential healthcare services. Medicaid plans may also include additional benefits, such as dental, vision, and mental health services.
Dual Special Needs Plans
Dual Special Needs Plans (D-SNPs) are Medicare Advantage plans designed for individuals who qualify for both Medicare and Medicaid. These plans provide comprehensive coverage for individuals who are eligible for both programs, ensuring access to a wide range of healthcare services. D-SNPs often include additional benefits and care coordination services to meet the unique needs of dual-eligible individuals.
Understanding the different types of health insurance plans can help you choose the one that best suits your healthcare needs and budget.
6. Comparing Health Insurance Plans
When selecting a health insurance plan, it’s essential to compare different options to ensure you choose the one that provides the coverage you need at an affordable cost. Here are some factors to consider when comparing health insurance plans:
Coverage and Benefits
Review the coverage details and benefits offered by each plan. Consider the types of services and treatments covered, including preventive care, doctor visits, hospital stays, prescription medications, and specialist care. Evaluate the extent of coverage for each service and any limitations or exclusions.
Check the network of healthcare providers associated with each plan. Make sure your preferred doctors, hospitals, and specialists are included in the network. Using in-network providers can significantly reduce your out-of-pocket costs, as out-of-network providers may result in higher deductibles, copayments, or coinsurance.
Costs and Premiums
Compare the costs associated with each plan, including monthly premiums, deductibles, copayments, and coinsurance. Consider your budget and healthcare needs to determine the most affordable option. Keep in mind that plans with lower premiums may have higher deductibles or copayments, while plans with higher premiums may offer more comprehensive coverage.
Prescription Drug Coverage
If you regularly take prescription medications, ensure that the health insurance plan provides adequate coverage for your specific medications. Review the plan’s formulary to determine if your prescriptions are included and at what cost. Consider any restrictions, such as prior authorization requirements or step therapy protocols.
Comparing these factors will help you identify the health insurance plan that offers the best combination of coverage, costs, and network providers for your needs.
7. How to Choose the Right Health Insurance Plan
Choosing the right health insurance plan requires careful consideration of your healthcare needs, budget, and personal preferences. Here are some steps to help you make an informed decision:
Assessing Your Healthcare Needs
Start by evaluating your healthcare needs and those of your family members. Consider factors such as age, pre-existing conditions, anticipated healthcare services, and prescription medications. Determine the level of coverage required for preventive care, routine check-ups, specialist visits, and potential emergencies.
Evaluating Plan Features
Review the features of each health insurance plan, including coverage options, network providers, costs, and additional benefits. Assess how well each plan aligns with your healthcare needs and preferences. Consider factors like access to specialists, out-of-pocket costs, and flexibility in choosing healthcare providers.
Evaluate the costs associated with each plan, including monthly premiums, deductibles, copayments, and coinsurance. Determine your budget and assess how much you can comfortably afford for health insurance. Consider the trade-off between lower premiums and higher out-of-pocket costs or vice versa.
Researching Network Providers
Ensure that the health insurance plan you choose includes your preferred doctors, hospitals, and specialists in its network. Review provider directories or contact the insurance company directly to confirm network participation. Consider the proximity and convenience of network providers to your home or workplace.
Reviewing Customer Satisfaction
Research customer satisfaction ratings and reviews for the health insurance plans you are considering. Look for feedback on customer service, claims processing, and overall satisfaction. Consider seeking recommendations from friends, family, or trusted healthcare professionals.
By following these steps, you can make an informed decision and choose a health insurance plan that meets your specific needs.
8. Applying for Health Insurance
Once you have chosen a health insurance plan, it’s time to apply for coverage. The application process may vary depending on the type of plan and the insurance company. Here are some general steps to guide you through the application process:
Open Enrollment Periods
Most health insurance plans have designated open enrollment periods during which you can apply for coverage. These periods typically occur once a year and allow individuals and families to sign up for or make changes to their health insurance plans. Be aware of the open enrollment dates and submit your application within the specified timeframe.
Special Enrollment Periods
In certain circumstances, you may qualify for a special enrollment period outside of the regular open enrollment period. Qualifying events may include job loss, marriage, birth or adoption of a child, or relocation. If you experience a qualifying event, you may be eligible to enroll in or change your health insurance plan outside of the regular open enrollment period.
To apply for health insurance, you will need to complete an application form provided by the insurance company or through the Health Insurance Marketplace. The application will require personal information, including your name, address, date of birth, Social Security number, and information about your household members. Be prepared to provide accurate and up-to-date information.
During the application process, you may be asked to provide supporting documentation to verify your eligibility. This may include proof of income, residency, immigration status, or other relevant documents. Ensure that you have the necessary paperwork readily available to expedite the application process.
Completing the application accurately and providing the required documentation will help ensure a smooth and efficient enrollment process.
9. Managing Your Health Insurance
Once you have enrolled in a health insurance plan, it’s important to understand how to effectively manage your coverage. Here are some tips for managing your health insurance:
Understanding Your Policy
Review your health insurance policy thoroughly to understand the coverage, benefits, exclusions, and limitations. Familiarize yourself with the terms and conditions, including any specific requirements for preauthorization, referrals, or specialist consultations. Understanding your policy will help you make the most of your coverage.
Using Your Member ID Card
Your member ID card is an essential tool for accessing healthcare services. Keep your ID card readily available and present it at each healthcare visit. Your ID card contains important information, such as your policy number, group number, and contact information for the insurance company.
Accessing Benefits and Services
Understand the benefits and services covered by your health insurance plan. Take advantage of preventive care services, such as annual check-ups, vaccinations, and screenings. Familiarize yourself with the process for accessing specialized or non-emergency healthcare services, such as obtaining preauthorization or referrals.
If you receive healthcare services that are covered by your health insurance plan, you or your healthcare provider will need to file a claim with the insurance company. Ensure that accurate and complete information is provided on the claim form to expedite the processing. Keep copies of all documents and correspondence related to your claims.
Appeals and Grievances
If you encounter any issues or disputes related to your health insurance coverage, such as denied claims or disagreements with coverage decisions, you have the right to appeal or file a grievance. Follow the insurance company’s procedures for filing an appeal or grievance and provide any necessary supporting documentation to support your case.
Effectively managing your health insurance will help ensure that you receive the appropriate coverage and benefits when you need them.
10. Resources and Support
Throughout your health insurance journey, various resources and support systems are available to assist you. Here are some valuable resources to consider:
Mental Health Services
Many health insurance plans offer mental health services as part of their coverage. These services may include counseling, therapy sessions, and access to mental health professionals. Take advantage of these resources to prioritize your mental well-being.
Telemedicine and Virtual Visits
Telemedicine and virtual visits have become increasingly popular, especially in light of the COVID-19 pandemic. Many health insurance plans now offer virtual healthcare options, allowing you to consult with healthcare providers remotely. Explore these services for convenient and accessible care.
Preventive Care and Wellness Programs
Health insurance plans often include preventive care benefits, such as free or low-cost vaccinations, screenings, and wellness programs. Take advantage of these services to proactively manage your health and detect any potential issues early on.
Community Outreach and Assistance Programs
Many insurance companies and healthcare providers offer community outreach programs to support individuals and families in need. These programs may provide assistance with enrollment, education on health insurance options, and resources for accessing healthcare services.
In response to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, health insurance companies have developed specific resources and support for their members. Stay updated on the latest information and guidelines related to COVID-19, including testing, treatment, and vaccination options.
By utilizing these resources, you can enhance your healthcare experience and make the most of your health insurance coverage.
In conclusion, health insurance is a vital aspect of ensuring access to quality healthcare services and financial protection against medical expenses. Understanding the different types of health insurance plans, comparing coverage options, and applying for the right plan are crucial steps in securing appropriate healthcare coverage for yourself and your family. By effectively managing your health insurance and utilizing available resources, you can navigate the complex healthcare landscape with confidence and peace of mind.

domain: finance


On Sunday, May 29, we will need to be patient as we travel back. Bison Fute has classified the day as black at the national level. Traffic jams and slowdowns will be common for major cities when people return to their main axes. The South will face the most problems on the A7 and A8 motorways. Rhone-Alpes is on A7. West and Center will be on A10, A11 and A13 motorways. Brittany will be on A81, A83 and N12.
Bison Fute: Access traffic conditions
Traffic in Ile-de-France will be difficult due to the convergence of Paris' axes from the early hours of the morning through 11 p.m., or even midnight. This is mainly on A6 and A10 motorways. The wait times at motorway tollgates should be quite long.


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In 1924 the Los Angeles Times asked five prominent local architects, “What appears to be the fixed style of home architecture in Southern California” and how influential is this style on the rest of America? (August 31, 1924) While differing on the details, all agreed that local design choices were dictated by "good architecture," the Los Angeles climate and a love for all things "Mediterranean, Colonial Spanish or Mexican." Harold O. Sexsmith, a designer of small residences, coined the phrase California-ized Latin to describe the public’s obsession with these styles. For decades plastered walls, shuttered windows, low-pitched tile roofs were de rigueur for the majority of homes and large commercial businesses built in the greater Los Angeles area. After seeing photos of the movie stars' Hollywood homes in fan magazines almost every aspiring American buyer wanted his own miniature California rancho or mission-style home. The California-style became an enduring American aesthetic style.Architectural historians trace the public’s fascination with the “romance of the rancho” to the publication of Helen Hunt Jackson’s bestselling novel Ramona in 1884. (Timeline 1884—Social Urban History) Jackson’s description of a fictional California ranch filled with exotic characters and star-crossed lovers became the stereotyped American view of California for generations. Jackson had written her novel after a visit with the socially prominent Del Valle family at their large ranch in Ventura County. With her overly romantic prose, detailed descriptions of what she had seen and the inclusion of drawings of the real buildings in later editions of the novel, Jackson helped create a mythic past for the region. During Jackson's stay she met daughter Ysabel Del Valle. (Image 2, front) Years later after Ysabel was widowed, Paul Revere Williams would design a Spanish Colonial Revival-style home for her on Sycamore Avenue in the Wilshire area of Los Angeles—the same style inspired by her family home in the romantic novel Ramona published almost 40 years before.
The Wilshire residential area is a mix of Period Revival architectural styles popular in Los Angeles in the 1920s and mid-1930s. Sycamore Avenue was a street of upscale, two-story, multi-family homes and an ideal location for Mrs. Ysabel Del Valle Cram to build her personal residence/investment property. In 1925 Williams designed the two-story, 14-room, two-family duplex for the 60-year-old widow. (Image 3) Built by popular contractor Garnett Tyler for $16,000, the residence had many features Williams’ wealthy clients insisted on: separate garage in the rear of the property, hand-made tile roof, custom wrought iron details, oak flooring, tiled bathrooms and sinks and top-of-the-line Humphrey water heaters. (Southwest Builder and Contractor. January 2, 1925) Socially prominent Ysabel let the 756 side of the duplex and lived at 758 until her death in 1936. Except for modernizing the interior and adding metal awnings, the building is unchanged.

domain: library


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Brazil supports Morocco's efforts to reach a “realistic” solution to the Sahara issue, which has lasted for too long, said Thursday Brazilian Foreign Minister, Ernesto Araujo, adding that his country is willing to contribute to efforts aimed at reaching solutions that go "beyond rhetoric".
"On the issue of the Sahara, a vital issue for Morocco, Brazil supports Morocco's efforts to reach a realistic solution to this issue, which has lasted for decades," Araujo pointed out in Brasilia at a joint press conference with Morocco’s Minister of Foreign Affairs and International Affairs, Nasser Bourita.
Brazil is willing to contribute into the various efforts aimed at finding solutions that go beyond mere rhetoric and provide a new basis for cooperation, the Brazilian top-diplomat added.
The exchange of views on thorny issues was absolutely fundamental, he said, highlighting the relations of friendship and trust that bind the two countries.
Bourita started on Thursday a visit to Brazil, where he held talks with several Brazilian senior officials.

domain: politics


Honda Motor Company is more than a bit bummed out. It appears as though the company is not exactly pleased that the Toyota Prius has killed its Insight in sales and is even more agitated that the Prius remains the mileage champ. So, what can the company do to hit back? Build an Insight that trumps the competition, of course. Honda's president Takanobu Ito is pushing company engineers to build a better Insight as quickly as possible. His dream is not just a slightly enhanced hybrid. He's shooting for the stars on the this one.
Ito wants the next Insight to trump the Prius in gas mileage, a difficult task for sure. But if a company president is, as Ito said, "not satisfied," changes must be made and goals have to be achieved. The current Insight struggles to compete with the Prius and many reports have suggested that the Insight's mediocre mileage of 40 miles per gallon city and 43 mpg highway is to blame. The Prius manages 51 mpg city and 48 mpg highway, a significant difference. Making an Insight that can match the Prius' gas mileage is not an easy task considering that the mileage gap between the vehicles is over a 20 percent.


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Design guru Wayne Hemingway has described plans to build a shopping park on the Frontierland site as “vague and lacking in detail”.
The Morecambe-born entrepreneur voiced his fears as it emerged that Lancaster City Council had asked developer Opus North to provide more information about the £17m seafront scheme.
Opus North wants to build a new modern retail centre called the Bay Shopping Park on the derelict ex-fairground site, creating 500 new jobs.
The Yorkshire-based developer is in talks with big-name chains and also wants to build a 62-bedroomed hotel and new family pub-restaurant.
There has been overwhelming support for the plans from residents and MP David Morris.
Opus North originally hoped the plans would go before Lancaster City Council in mid-September.
But a council spokesman said it would be later than that, as they wanted more details on “highways and traffic, retail impacts and elevational detail”.
Mr Hemingway, who runs London-based design firm Hemingway Design, said: “Of course, everyone should welcome the site coming back into use and the aspiration for decent retailers like Marks & Spencer and decent eateries.
“But if it comes back to life as a poorly designed, poorly detailed and executed development then it will be worse than it remaining empty.
“This is a strategically important prime site on the promenade of a British seaside town that is starting to turn the corner and should be treated with top class design thinking.
“The elevations and sketches that are in the public domain are so vague and lacking in detail, I fear there is a danger that little of the quality that the site deserves could end up being delivered.”
A spokesman for Opus North said: “More than 1,200 local people have contacted us to support our plans.
“Our development team is working closely with the council to get the plans absolutely right for Morecambe. The design will be contemporary, attractive and a credit to the seafront. As a result more people will enjoy shopping in Morecambe, stay longer and spend more money across the local economy.”
Meanwhile, David Morris MP has called for Lancaster City Council “not to drop the ball” on the plans.
Mr Morris said: “I am convinced that this plan to regenerate Frontierland is right for Morecambe.
“After 15 long years we finally have an exciting and viable scheme on the table.”
The West End Million Steering Group also added their voice to the chorus of support.
A spokesman for the group, who are in charge of £1m worth of Lottery funding awarded to the West End, said: “We see that the creation of jobs locally will have a beneficial effect on the economy of the West End.”
Owners of the rival Arndale Centre and developers British Land, who are planning a major retail development in Lancaster, have both objected to the scheme.
For more information on the plans go to www.futurefrontierland.co.uk or Lancaster City Council’s Planning Applications section at www.lancaster.gov.uk, reference number 14/00388/FUL.


TomTom today announced new ground-breaking features and unique content to its refreshed TomTom GO range – the TomTom GO 730 and TomTom GO 930.
Designed to enhance the navigation experience for users, TomTom’s new IQ Routes technology, Advanced Lane Guidance and Voice Address Input, provides customers with the most intuitive and intelligent navigation experience available.
TomTom IQ Routes
The innovative IQ Routes technology is based on real average speeds measured on roads, rather than static maximum speeds per road type. This means the new TomTom GO range determines a route by considering all possible routes and then selecting the one that takes the least time. In almost 50% of all journeys, this results in driving a different and faster route, saving significant travel time as well as saving money and fuel.
Drivers can also be confident that they will always be given the smartest and most efficient route, in particular when driving through suburban areas.
Advanced Lane Guidance
The new TomTom GO series features Advanced Lane Guidance, which provides drivers with a more realistic view of their surroundings and enhanced visual instructions. This new feature also ensures drivers are better informed about the situation ahead.
With the new Advanced Lane Guidance feature, navigating difficult junctions becomes easier than ever before. The realistic representation of highway junctions on the screen including clear arrows indicating the lane direction, provide drivers with timely instructions to take the correct lane. Static images of road signs, in the same colour as the ones displayed on the road, ensure drivers have an even better overview of their surroundings.
Voice Address Input
Voice Address Input allows users to drive to a destination by voice control. Users no longer need to enter the city name and street name they would like to travel to, but they can simply speak out the city and street name where they would like to go.
The TomTom GO 730 (RRP $549) and TomTom GO 930 ($849) will be available in Australia in early November 2008. The new GO models will also be available with a traffic receiver in the box. The TomTom GO 730 Traffic ($649), TomTom GO 930 Traffic ($949) will launch in November 2008.


text: We offer wholesale pricing for our lash products for lash professionals! Lash Artist who wish to order items in bulk, to save you are in the right spot! We have an option for you whether you are a School, Trainer, Salon owner, or Individual looking to stock up on your lash supply. If you plan to make an order of $500 or greater, you may qualify for wholesale pricing. We do not allow resell of our products, except after care products such as Sealer, Foaming Lash Wash, and Cleansing Brushes. For more information on products at wholesale prices please fill out the form below let us know if you are an individual, salon owner, school, trainer, etc. Please include how much you would like to order, pricing is based on how much your order is.

domain: economics


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They say even a stopped clock is right twice a day, and the failing news network CNN got two things right on Thursday – Joe Biden’s poll numbers “stink,” and Donald Trump is in a “historically strong position” to win the 2024 election. CNN Analyst Harry Enten also admitted that Biden is flailing so badly, more people at this point trust Congressional Republicans that they do Biden on the most significant issues, calling it a “very worrying sign” for his chances of a second term. Enten also noted that Biden’s approval on the economy hasn’t improved no matter how many times he bumbles his way through a speech claiming his “Bidenomics” strategy is working: “If you look at Joe Biden’s approval on the economy right now, IT STINKS!” Enten declared.
Biden has a lowly 37 percent approval rating on the economy. The analyst then noted that Donald Trump was so hated by leftists at this point in his presidency, that his approval was driven down, but it is still higher than Joe Biden’s at the same stage: Enten recently noted that “Trump is not only in a historically strong position for a nonincumbent to win the Republican nomination, but he is in a better position to win the general election than at any point during the 2020 cycle and almost at any point during the 2016 cycle.”
This is a curated article. Opinions are of the author. Read more at thepeoplesvoice.tv


In spite of such obvious warning signs of disaster, politicians from all developed countries continue to routinely choose only one oPMion, increase spending. Like the past, the future will see ever increasing budget deficits and ever greater levels of national debt. The fact of the matter is that even when politicians realize that they must somehow reduce spending, the people who put them in office will not let them. In France, when the government started to tinker with its bloated welfare system, the entire country went on strike for nearly a month. The government was left with only one oPMion; the continued handing out of ever larger installments of cash to the public. Apparently the French either do not realize or simply do not care that their government cannot afford its now cumbersome and out of date social welfare system.
In the US, such misinformed thinking also persists. Yes, the Republican controlled Congress has recently made a great deal of noise about balancing the budget. The individuals involved may even be sincere, but like all politicians their primary objective is to hold on to their jobs. They may talk a great deal about cutting spending, but they understand that their constituencies will oust them from office the minute they cut back funding for even one local government-goody program. So instead they focus on goody programs in some far off land, a program that is equally defended by its local representative.
On a national level, politicians such as Bill Clinton score points by defending programs such as medicare and medicaid, regardless of whether or not the country can afford such luxuries. Absolutely no one talks about cutting back defense spending. Even though the cold war has ended and such massive spending can hardly be justified, the politicians concerned realize that any adjustment made to this major part of the budget would affect an even more important element of their constituencies, big business. Without big business to fund his immensely expensive campaigns, any eager politician would quickly find himself out of a job. In the world today, our elected representatives dare not tinker with such programs, no matter how outdated or cumbersome they have become.
If you require any proof of the likely amount of change that will come about under this “new” Congress just look at their efforts to date. The showdown at the end of last year between Clinton and Gengrich again was much more about political clout and job stability than any of the issues actually involved. If they really did want a balanced budget, then why not slash spending today? All that has come out of the whole fiasco is a promise to balance the budget, tomorrow. We all know what that means. As usual, in the end all that really happens is that the government continues to spend money at a rate that would even put an errant lord to shame. Republican or Democrat really makes no difference. Remember that it was Ronald Reagan, a Republican, that got the country into this mess in the first place.
Ironically, the one thing that the politicians did manage to demonstrate as a result of the US government shutdown is how unnecessary they really are. Did the world come to a grinding halt the minute the government closed its doors around the world and sent 800,000 employees home because it could not afford to pay them? Of course not, even the media, at least outside of the US, seemed to barely take notice of the fact that the world’s only remaining superpower was forced to shut down shop because of financial woes. The few stories that did appear concerned the poor little schoolchildren who travelled all the way to Washington. We saw their sad faces in front of the Washington monument, which they could not ascend because Uncle Sam had run out of cash.
No one seemed to question the fact that if the government can survive for a couple of weeks minus 800,000 staff members then perhaps it could survive a lot longer minus somewhere in the area of 500,000 staff members or more. If the US government really wanted to slash spending, it could start by firing each and every one among its own ranks who has never done an honest day’s work. In my opinion, more than 80 per cent of the public sector payroll could be eliminated in one day. I believe this holds true for all developed countries. Taxes could come down to something resembling humane levels. Even then your government would run a current account comfortably above five per cent of GDP. Nonetheless, I fear that such a miracle is far from a realistic possibility. Instead, I fear that governments will resort to far more sinister methods to save their sinking ships.


Biancoshock, an artist in Milan, created these "Borderlife" installations that appear to be underground rooms beneath the city's sewer-entrances, as a way of calling attention to homelessness, especially in Bucharest, where 600 people are living in the sewer tunnels.
If some problems can not be avoided, make them comfortable.
Intervention that, parodically, speaks about people forced to live in extreme conditions, even coming to live in manholes.
An example of inspiration is Bucharest, where more than 600 people live underground, in the sewers
(via Crazy Abalone)


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domain: literature


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EOS Venture Partners
Sam Evans is a general partner with Eos Venture Partners, a venture capital firm focusing exclusively on insurtech. At Eos, he specialises in early stage and growth stage investments in insurtech and is an active member of the insurtech community. Prior to launching Eos, Evans was a partner at KPMG where he led its Global Deal Advisory business for insurance. He has worked across the globe, advising on more than 150 insurance transactions with a total deal value in excess of $75 billion and has lived in Sydney, Hong Kong, Zurich and London.


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Meg Cabot is the #1 New York Times―bestselling author of the Princess Diaries series, with over 25 million copies of her books sold worldwide. Royal Crush, the third book in her middle-grade Princess Diaries spin-off series, released this month. We asked Meg to share her
Frazzled is a story that I wrote and illustrated about Abbie Wu, a kid who is always freaking out. Abbie is just starting middle school and has to navigate a whole new world with its 8th grade nemeses, corrupt cafeteria system, and lunch room politics.
Screaming at the Ump will appeal to both boys and girls who are interested in sports (especially baseball), and journalism, coping with the transition to middle school, or dealing with family conflicts.
Are you looking for popular books that appeal to middle grade readers? Check out some of the best new kids books that release this month; including, the latest from Tom Angleberger's Origami Yoda series, Lincoln Pierce's newest installment of Big Nate, and more fun books


We introduce a novel system for monitoring strain and vibration based on optical fibre technology. This system has been developed for applications like long term structural health monitoring (SHM) for civil and industrial structures. It is used to measure strain, displacement and vibrations.
This system provides new perspectives for a detailed interrogation of various seismic or geophysical events and/or for measurements on buildings, bridges, power plants and other structures. Compared with other techniques, the most important advantage of the sensors is its long term stability. If necessary, most of the sensor designs can be directly integrated into structures. Once applied, there is no need for any calibration or maintenance of the sensor during its whole lifetime. Alternatively, the sensors can be fixed on already existing structures.
Especially the immunity of the Bragg sensor against electric and magnetic fields qualifies the FBG measurement system for critical industrial applications. Thus the interrogation system is often used for monitoring and controlling of power generation and power transmission.
Further fields of application are automotive engineering, aerospace industry and generally the monitoring of critical metal constructions.


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Daily news, dev blogs, and stories from Game Developer straight to your inbox
EA Sports' Peter Moore talks to Gamasutra about rapidly-evolving trends, including the industry's embracing of connectivity, and how his developers' "heads are exploding" over Wii U possibilities.
Leigh Alexander, Contributor
June 16, 2011
6 Min Read
EA Sports played a particularly key role in Electronic Arts' presentation this year at E3. The label's portfolio lies at an intersection area for the publisher's strategy around a couple key trends: Social play that encourages players to engage more deeply with a brand, and further progress in gesture-based gaming. "We are probably in year three of a very focused community management strategy that allows our consumers and our fans to provide us with feedback," says EA sports head Peter Moore, talking to Gamasutra about the label's plans "to give them platforms for their opinions as well as finding ways to be able to integrate that in a very public manner." That Madden 2012 cover star Peyton Hillis -- who appeared on stage during EA's presentation -- was chosen to front the title by public vote is a good example, in Moore's view: "If there's a piece of real estate in video games that's prominent, it's the cover of Madden," he says. "There were 32 players, one from each team, and it all came down to Peyton Hillis and the fans have spoken... it's the first time we've ever had a player from a losing team the year before on the cover." "I think the ability for us to be able to utilize the power of the community to listen, to learn and to improve as a result is very important in our industry," he adds. When it comes to the quickly-evolving motion control arena, EA Sports continues a calculated increase of its presence in that space. Last year the company released EA Sports Active for Kinect and an edition of Tiger Woods PGA Tour for PlayStation Move; following the initial unveil of those input technologies at E3 2010, Moore told us the label's approach to utilizing them would be 'very prescriptive'. Through those releases, Moore says the teams "learned a lot of lessons that have taught us what we need to do to make the application of that technology more prevalent. We know exactly what we need to do. We have four Kinect games next calendar year. In the case of Move we had Tiger, and we're looking at ways to be able to integrate Move going forward." The Wii U's New Frontier And what about this year's newest console innovation: Nintendo's Wii U, which will add a touch tablet controller to the home experience? Nintendo was joined in its presentation by EA CEO John Riccitiello, demonstrating the publisher's interest in supporting the hardware early. "My dev teams -- their heads are exploding, in a good way and a bad way," Moore says, and it appears the label will use caution in its eagerness here, too: "How do we look at this new technology? We don't just want to bolt this on; this has to be relevant to the sports gamer." Moore says he likes Wii U, "from the perspective of once again, Nintendo is putting a different spin on things, showing that it's not all about graphic fidelity and processing power. In the world of sports, our minds are racing as to how we can bring a sports game to life in a unique way." For example, he feels that being able to use the controller to call plays in Madden would be "kind of a no-brainer for us." And the exec finds it heartening that with its next console, Nintendo seems committed to addressing some of the issues third parties have seen as limitations on the Wii platform: "We love the fact [Wii U] is high def, that Nintendo has a renewed focus on building online communities. Nintendo adds that kind of outlier mentality that is a very different take on what the industry needs, and more power to them," he says. The Multiplatform Social Explosion EA Sports' games in particular stand to benefit from the rapid flourishing of multiplatform, social play. "We look at our research and see, there are 130, 140 million fans of the NFL in America. What do we need to do to bring a Madden experience to them? It could be as simple as a three-minute experience every day, or as complex as playing Franchise Mode, or every stop in between." The divisions between gamers and nongamers, or even among gamers on different devices, is a thing of the past, Moore enforces. "Now everyone who's a sports fan who has a device is a consumer," he says. "The goal ultimately is to move those folks further along the value chain, and that's what we're intending to do. It's a double-edged sword: It's a more fragmented marketplace, but there are more gamers than ever before. It's a broad swath of experiences and a great opportunity to grow our business." One way is to offer consumers in-depth social tools around games: "We're already doing that [with] FIFA," says Moore. During the development of EA Sports Football Club, the team looked at ways players would want to represent their real-life team. "There's a massive humanity that supports this tribal thing called soccer out there, and how do we bring that to life within the video game experience? It's a quantum leap in the virtualization of the passion I have for the game, more than just for the video game." "You can imagine that being extended, this concept of persistence, to Madden next year," Moore suggests. "We want to use this ability to make our games less discrete, standalone experiences and more like services. Madden shouldn't be a place you buy, it should be a place you go. And skill-based gaming is the next frontier we continue to look at with our partners at Virgin Gaming: How do I allow you to prove how good you are and have a monetary value around that as well?" New innovations are currently being driven by platform holders, and software publishers must leverage them and adapt, Moore says. But the game business is "clearly becoming an industry that's taking massive franchises and then spreading that experiences across multiple platforms and multiple geographies, anytime, anywhere. There will be no offline games, and it's very pleasing to see how our industry has embraced connectivity, has changed our business models to react to consumer demands." Whither MMA? We spoke to Moore in a room lined with large individual posters representative of each of EA Sports' major franchises, but notably missing from the lineup was EA Sports MMA. Last year, he acknowledged that breaking into the new, popular MMA field would be difficult with the major UFC license held by rival THQ, but that the entry represented a "long term play" for the publisher. "MMA's doing fine, we just have no announcements to make on future iterations," Moore says. The company has a boxing title with Fight Night, which Moore says has been particular in particular for its ability "to tell a story outside the ring. It could be a precursor to some interesting ways of having an RPG-type storytelling with a game like this," he suggested. But the main challenge facing sports gaming remains the fact that there's generally little room for multiple publishers contending for one sport. "When you look at the math in today's world, and the number of platforms you're obligated to be able to develop for, is there room for three players to still make money? We have to be able to show shareholders a return on investment, and there are very few instances where there are multiple publishers all fighting over the same sport and all are being successful." "That's not to say there can be only one player, but if you're a distant number two, the numbers don't add up for you."
About the Author(s)
Leigh Alexander is Editor At Large for Gamasutra and the site's former News Director. Her work has appeared in the Los Angeles Times, Variety, Slate, Paste, Kill Screen, GamePro and numerous other publications. She also blogs regularly about gaming and internet culture at her Sexy Videogameland site. [NOTE: Edited 10/02/2014, this feature-linked bio was outdated.]
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December 16, 2011
The Injury Control Council of Western Australia have published a report titled "Drink or Drunk: Why do staff at licensed premises continue to serve patrons to intoxication despite current laws and interventions?" The research involved interviews and focus groups with people who work in licensed premises, to determine their views on responsible service of alcohol and the barriers experienced when trying to implement this. The report found that the server behaviour was influenced by fear of confrontation with intoxicated patrons, and management's level of support around decisions to refuse service.
This initiative is funded by the Queensland Government.


[pmwiki-users] Install/reinstall problem.
Patrick R. Michaud
pmichaud at pobox.com
Fri Jun 17 23:40:24 CDT 2005
On Sun, Jun 12, 2005 at 11:47:52AM +0100, Sharon Kimble wrote:
> Due to internet connection problems I've just finished reinstalling my OS and
> all my little quirks and programs for it, and this includes pmwiki from a
> backup. Now I find that I cannot access any of the pages in firefox or
> Konqueror, instead I just get a display of the text/markup of 'Meiji.Phip'.
> The permissions of it remain the same as being 'rwxrwxrwx' as it is just for
> a single-user on this computer. Apache, php, and j2re are all installed and
> appear to be working.
> Can anyone give me any guidance please? Help :)
It sounds to me as though the directory or system you've installed on
doesn't recognize the .php file as being a PHP executable, and is instead
returning the text of the program code rather than executing it.
More information about the pmwiki-users


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respect your vj
VJ – also known as visualist, projectionist, live mix video artist – not your videographer, not your filmmaker – we are perfomers. Mixing our video artworks LIVE to the music all around, with our fingers on our gear, and our eyes on the crowd, projections, and screens. Our performances unfold as the evening unfolds.
For how to cope with VJs, check *~*~*RESPECT YOUR VJ*~*~*

domain: artistic


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This is a guest post by iNLP student Kelli Cooper.
None of us are perfect, no major revelations there. We know this. But, I think on some level, many of us who seriously take on the path of personal development believe we will reach some state of perfection.
I know when I first started on my path, I thought that I would become this person that was calm, cool and collected all the time floating on a cloud of expanded consciousness and peace 24/7. Yeah right!
Maybe this is possible for those spiritual gurus who retire to caves and mountaintops where they never have to deal with other human beings and the other aspects of daily living. I have come pretty far but I have yet to reach this goal. Perhaps it is possible and I just need to work on myself more!
As I progress on my journey, I have learned to be a bit more forgiving of myself.
I have a lot of deeply ingrained ways of being that are slowly being rooted out, but I still have my moments of irrational anger, self-pity, blaming other people for my problems, getting annoyed at things that really should not annoy me. The list could go on and on.
I have discovered I am not perfect nor will I ever be. When we actually internalize this realization, things become a lot easier. If we make perfection the goal, we are setting the bar way too high and when we do that, it is more likely we will quit our personal development work because we will think it is not working. You will have your moments.
Surely as you keep developing, they will become less frequent and less intense. It is highly likely you may be able to even completely eliminate certain beliefs, habits, etc…but some may linger and rear their ugly heads every once in a while. It is okay. Do not beat yourself up. At this point, the desire to change has been firmly entrenched in your awareness and you will make progress.
Once I started my NLP training, I made sure to remind myself of this. I am sure as I go through the course, I am going to learn a lot of amazing, life-changing things and I will diligently apply them as best I can. But I also know there is a good chance that there will be moments when an outside circumstance of a particularly bad mood will override this wisdom and I will act in a way not in line with the “me” I consciously work on creating every day.
If Perfection is not the goal, then what is?
So, if being perfect is off the table, what is the point of working on ourselves and doing programs like Mike’s iNLP training? I guess there are many answers to that, but the one that comes to mind most strongly as I write this is developing greater awareness of how we are thinking, being and doing and making our best effort to make the best choices in the moments of our lives — the choices that will bring us greater peace and happiness, and help us live the live we truly desire. We know we should not judge people but sometimes we will. The goal then becomes keeping it to ourselves. We know we should not talk badly about others, but we will sometimes get an itch to say something.
Again, the goal becomes keeping our trap shut. We know we should not hold other people responsible for our feelings, but we will likely do that a lot. The goal then becomes doing the sometimes uncomfortable process of self-examination to determine why this person made us feel the way we feel. The list could go on and on. As you progress through Mike’s program, any other program or any aspect of your personal development, remember that perfection is not the goal.
Stick with it, take in the information, and use it. Think deeply about the concepts you are learning about and do the best you can to implement. While you may not become the next Buddha, you can make changes in your life that you probably do not even think are possible right now. You can make significant strides that will help you live the life you want to live and be the person you want to be.
Focus on the process, on the journey, and do not become obsessed with results. You will surely get them, no doubt about that, but there is no endpoint to this journey so you cannot view personal development in that way. Good luck!

domain: psychology