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Post-Mastectomy Pain Syndrome: What It Is and How It's Treated
Listen to the podcast to hear Dr. Stubblefield explain:
the definition of post-mastectomy pain syndrome and the different ways it affects people
how surgeries and radiation can cause this pain syndrome
treatments for post-mastectomy pain syndrome
the three things that anyone experiencing post-mastectomy pain syndrome should know
Dr. Michael Stubblefield is medical director of cancer rehabilitation at the Kessler Institute for Rehabilitation in New Jersey and the national medical director for Select Medical’s ReVital Cancer Rehabilitation program. He is known around the world for his expertise in the identification, evaluation, and rehabilitation of pain and functional disorders caused by cancer and cancer treatments, particularly problems caused by radiation and chemotherapy. Dr. Stubblefield is an accomplished researcher and has published extensively on medical rehabilitation, oncology, pain management, palliative care, and neurophysiology.
— Last updated on May 3, 2022, 2:16 PM
Jamie DePolo: Hello, everyone. Welcome to this edition of the Breastcancer.org podcast. I’m Jamie DePolo, senior editor at Breastcancer.org. Today, our guest is Dr. Michael Stubblefield, who is medical director of cancer rehabilitation at the Kessler Institute for Rehabilitation in New Jersey and the national medical director for Select Medical’s ReVital Cancer Rehabilitation program. He is known around the world for his expertise in the identification, evaluation, and rehabilitation of pain and functional disorders caused by cancer and cancer treatments, particularly problems caused by radiation and chemotherapy.
Named one of America’s Top Doctors, America’s Top Doctors for Cancer, and the New York Metro Area’s Top Doctors by Castle Connolly for many years, Dr. Stubblefield is an accomplished researcher and has published extensively on medical rehabilitation, oncology, pain management, palliative care, and neurophysiology. He serves on the editorial board of the journal Muscle and Nerve and is a peer reviewer for more than 30 journals. He also is the editor of Cancer Rehabilitation: Principles and Practice, the only comprehensive textbook in the field, and has also authored numerous review articles and book chapters in the field of cancer rehabilitation.
He joins us today to talk about post-mastectomy pain syndrome — and that’s pain that occurs in the chest wall and the upper body after breast cancer surgery — and ways to manage that pain. Dr. Stubblefield, welcome to the podcast.
Dr. Michael Stubblefield: Thank you so much, Jamie. I believe this is our second podcast together, and it’s really a pleasure to be back.
Jamie DePolo: Yes, and again, thank you so much for your insights on neuropathy. I know people found that very helpful, and I’m sure that they are going to find this podcast just as helpful.
To start, if you could just sort of explain what post-mastectomy pain syndrome is and how it happens. I know it goes by several different names, so if you could kind of explain what’s going on there.
Dr. Michael Stubblefield: Yeah, absolutely. This is one of those diagnoses that is still very much in evolution in terms of the components. I see a tremendous amount of it. I get a lot of patients with post-mastectomy pain referred to me, and to be honest, my understanding of it has changed dramatically since I first started in cancer rehab several years ago.
So, in its basic sense, this is chronic pain, meaning not just your post-surgical pain, which everybody is expected to get, but chronic pain that continues after the normal healing time for breast cancer surgery. Now, it needs to be differentiated from other things that hurt after breast cancer, like shoulder dysfunction in breast cancer (nice topic for another podcast), from pain from axillary cording, and a number of others. This is really largely a neuropathic pain disorder, which is, I think, the reason for much of the confusion.
So, any time you do a mastectomy, you have to just, by necessity, cut through a number of nerves. If you do an axillary lymph node dissection, you cut through other nerves, and if you do reconstructive surgery, depending on the type you got, you damage other nerves still. So, any time you damage a nerve, you’re going to have the potential of having pain in the distribution of that nerve. Sometimes this is caused by what we call neuromas, which are abnormal growths at the stump where the nerve was cut. There’s probably other inflammatory causes of this. Sometimes the pain is caused by spasms of muscles that are spasming in response to the nerve. So, for most patients, it’s pain in the chest, when it’s neuropathic, from the nerve sending false signals, it’s described as sharp, burning, throbbing, lancinating. It has these what are characteristically neuropathic names to it. It can go down the arm, particularly on the inner arm, where something called the intercostobrachial nerve is sacrificed, particularly during lumpectomy.
But the big contribution, I think, that we’re starting to see now is sometimes the motor nerves, not just the sensation nerves, but the motor nerves are damaged. And when that happens, the muscle that those nerves would normally go to can spasm and cause squeezing of the chest wall, or cramping of the chest wall, or cramping in the armpit. And that, in its essence, those symptoms are what most people call post-mastectomy.
Now, I remember when we were putting this together, when we were going over the topics we’d be discussing within post-mastectomy, that the concept of phantom pain came up. And that is also a component of post-mastectomy syndrome. So, if you think of somebody who loses a leg, you know, the reason they’re having these phantom sensations, like the limb is still there, the limb’s painful, or the limb’s on fire, is because the nerves going to that limb have been severed. And they get neuroma formation, and some people are just unlucky for a variety of reasons and start having these phantom sensations.
The breast is the exact same. So, when you cut through those sensory nerves that supply the skin of the breast, those nerves may respond badly and start sending signals to the brain that there’s still a breast there that can be itchy, burning, squeezing, painful, any number of sensations. And that is just one component of what some people feel in this post-mastectomy syndrome situation.
Jamie DePolo: Okay, thank you. So, that answers one of my other questions. So, phantom breast pain is all under this larger umbrella of post-mastectomy pain syndrome. It’s sort of included in there.
Dr. Michael Stubblefield: Exactly. You know, the way to think of it, it’s a neuropathic symptom that lasts beyond what would be the normal healing of the chest wall after mastectomy or reconstruction. And phantom breast pain is exactly one of those symptoms that you would have.
Jamie DePolo: So how common is this? I mean, it sounds very unpleasant, painful. Do we know how common it is and how long it lasts?
Dr. Michael Stubblefield: So, a great question, and the answer is we really don’t know. You know, there’s very few good epidemiologic studies on post-mastectomy. It can be as much as a third of patients have some. Probably around 10% have fairly severe. A lower percentage, 1 or 5%, have pain that is really intractable and very difficult to treat. But the truth is, because our definitions for it are a bit of a moving target and it’s not something that is really well studied, we don’t have a great answer.
Also, there’s a number of different types of mastectomy and reconstruction procedures out there, and different surgeons have different techniques, so it may vary from institution to institution and surgeon to surgeon.
Jamie DePolo: Judging from your practice, is there any way to say roughly how long it lasts, or is that very much individualized as well?
Dr. Michael Stubblefield: Very individualized. We’ll have women who come in who’ve had it for 3 months since their surgery or 6 months since their surgery, and we may have women who come in who’ve had it for 10 years past their surgery. And then, when we treat them, some women will respond almost instantly to the modalities and literally have cures. It’s very funny, some of the techniques we use. I’ve had women who don’t show up again, and I’ll get on the phone and just make sure everything’s going okay, and they’re like, “Oh, no, it’s gone. So I didn’t think I needed to come in.”
And then you have other women where it’s just one of the hardest things to treat. Everything I try is ineffective, and it’s still just all over the place, and I think that’s the experience of a lot of us who see this with any regularity.
Jamie DePolo: Now, does this ever happen to men? I know male breast cancer is much rarer than breast cancer in women, but it seems like with a mastectomy in a man, nerves would still be cut.
Dr. Michael Stubblefield: Absolutely. There’s no reason why this wouldn’t happen in men. But male breast cancer is 1% or so of all breast cancers treated. So it’s much less likely. You know, if you have a hundred women with this, statistically you should have one man who has it, but in my experience, it has been fairly rare. Also, the men tend not to get reconstructions, so the incidence is probably less. The reconstructions are probably responsible — again, we don’t know the number — responsible for precipitating this syndrome in a fairly significant number of people.
Jamie DePolo: So, I have two questions, then. A lot of people on the site talk about this happening, and even the name is post-mastectomy pain syndrome, but you mentioned before, you were talking about the nerves on the inside of the arm, especially with lumpectomy. So, is this a risk after lumpectomy as well?
Dr. Michael Stubblefield: Absolutely. It’s really any surgery. So, the different types of breast surgery, the lumpectomy’s the smallest and simplest. You take the tumor, and then a zone of “normal” tissue around the tumor, and you look at it under the microscope to make sure it is in fact normal. But that can be quite a substantial piece of the breast, and to get to it, you often have to go through the skin and the nerve — well, you always have to go through the skin, and you often will go through a nerve. So, if even a single nerve is damaged, that can cause it.
Then, with a lot of lumpectomies, it’s not just the surgery, it’s also the radiation. So, when we radiate the bed that that tumor was in, that further damages the nerves and can cause — in this case we call it post-lumpectomy pain syndrome, but in general we’re calling it post-mastectomy pain syndrome, kind of regardless of what the breast surgery is. And this is where I struggled, is actually coming up with a name — this is the name that’s used in the literature, the post-mastectomy pain syndrome — but coming up with a name that really is all-inclusive of the vast variety of breast treatments that would cause this syndrome.
Jamie DePolo: Okay, that’s helpful. Now, going back to reconstruction. In many cases, not always, but in many cases, reconstruction requires multiple surgeries. You know, if you have implant reconstruction and you have expanders, or even sometimes with reconstruction using your own tissue, there’s still some touch-up surgeries that get done. I guess I’m wondering, is it the amount of surgery, like, the enormity of what is done that is perhaps more risky for the pain syndrome, or is it just certain people are more susceptible? Is it the number of surgeries? How does that fit into all this?
Dr. Michael Stubblefield: The answer is all of the above, but I think the biggest one… I know, very helpful, right? I think the biggest factor is really just the patient, and you cannot predict who’s going to get this. I think it’s kind of luck of the draw, same surgeon doing same exact surgery, and one patient gets it and the other ten don’t. And there’s no good rhyme or reason that we can ascertain as yet what the cause is. More surgery is probably associated with a higher risk, but not always.
You said, we’ve women with just very small, simple lumpectomy who come out with significant, very difficult-to-treat post-mastectomy pain syndrome. And we’ll have women who’ve had, you know, bilateral modified radical mastectomies with any kind of reconstruction, and be, “Oh, no, I’m fine.” We really cannot always predict. The type of reconstruction probably makes a bit of a difference, but even there, we really don’t have good data on it.
So, the tissue expanders is one good example. So, you know — and just to kind of educate the audience a little bit, there are many ways to reconstruct a breast. And this, I say one of the most common, really is most common depending on where you are being treated and in some cases what country you’re being treated in. I’ve traveled quite a lot internationally, and I see that there’s big sort of ways of doing things in Singapore versus Italy versus the United States.
So, when I was at Sloan Kettering, before I came to Select Medical, the most common reconstruction there, I think, was just doing implants. An implant is, you take basically an artificial breast implant, but it’s a special one that has a port on it, so you can inject a needle through the skin into the port and put saline on it. You put it under the pectoral muscle, that’s the big muscle under the breast. Like, when you look at Arnold Schwarzenegger’s chest, he has those giant muscles? Those are the pectoral muscles. So, you put them under the pec muscle. The problem with that is when you put them under the pec muscle, the nerve that goes to the pectoral muscle, called the greater pectoral nerve, can be damaged. It can be scratched, it can be irritated. So, those implants in some people — most do fine, but in some — can cause a lot of spasm of the pectoral muscle. You would not get that same spasm of the pectoral muscle if you’re doing other types of implants where you don’t put an implant underneath the pec.
Some of the other implants you describe, where you use your body’s own tissue — so, for instance, a TRAM flap, a transverse rectus abdominus flap. You take muscle, right next to the belly button, along with the fat next to the belly button, you get a little tummy tuck with it. You take all of that out, that’s a free flap, and sew it into where the breast used to be. Or you could do it as what’s called a pedicle flap, meaning it’s still connected to its own blood supply, and it’s sort of tunneled under the skin and sewn in. Those don’t tend to make the pectoral muscle spasm, because you didn’t go in where the pectoral nerve is, but now you can have abdominal wall issues as part of your post-mastectomy syndrome.
You know, there’s another one called a lat flap, latissimus dorsi flap, where you take part of the big muscle of the back, and you turn that around and use it to construct a pec. Now, all of a sudden, you can have back issues as a result of the implant or of the tissue graft being taken, and sometimes those are also used with an implant. So, it gets a little bit confusing in terms of the number of types, but each one has its own set of evils, if you will, in terms of the type of post-surgical pain issues that you can have.
Jamie DePolo: That’s kind of what I thought, but it’s certainly good to have that confirmed. And from what you’re saying, too, it sounds like there aren’t really any risk factors that you could flag somebody and say, “We think you’re at higher risk for this, here’s what you need to know.”
Dr. Michael Stubblefield: Yeah, there have been risk factors that have been documented, but I think a lot of them are very idiosyncratic. So, patients who have other pain syndromes before this are more likely to have it. Younger patients are more likely to have it. And there’s a few others out there, but again, the risk is low, and it tends to be idiosyncratic. So, I don’t see any of the risk factors as being, at this point in time, able to have us guide patients to having certain kinds of mastectomies or certain kinds of reconstruction. So, I don’t find the risk factors that useful yet, the ones that have been sort of softly defined.
Jamie DePolo: Okay, well, that’s good to know. So, probably the most important question, then, I’m going to ask is, so, what are the treatments for this? How can this be eased or made bearable?
Dr. Michael Stubblefield: Yeah, absolutely, and again, the answer is it depends. So, there’s two sort of distinct pain syndromes within post-mastectomy that are quite big sub-headings of post-mastectomy. One is this neuropathic pain. So, that’s the burning, shooting, lancinating type of pain, and also phantom breast pain I would put under the neuropathic umbrella. Then there’s the muscle spasm that I talked about with the implants going under the pec, and also just the general irritation and damage that can be done from the mastectomy itself, and that is the squeezing, tight, pulling sort of pain. And they’re often both together.
One of the main things I have to do when I see a patient is try to decide, are we dealing with pure nerve pain, are we dealing with pure muscle spasm pain, or do we have a combination of both, which is very common. And some of the ways I tell that is just their description of the pain. Also, if I squeeze the muscles that are likely to be affected, poke and prod on them as part of your physical exam and those muscles are tender, then it tells me those muscles are probably spasming.
So, regardless of the type, the initial treatment is almost always a specialized type of physical therapy which involves something called myofascial release, that just means the muscle and the fascia. The fascia is the connective tissue that surrounds muscle. Both the muscle and the fascia can get damaged and scarred during any surgical procedure, particularly mastectomy, reconstruction, lymph node dissection, all of those. So, therapists who have special training, in our program, our ReVital program, we specifically train them in these techniques for cancer because they’re a little different from what you might use in other places. You need to understand the difference between the types of mastectomies and reconstructions and the other issues that go along with breast cancer.
They’ll use these special techniques to try to un-entrap the nerve. So, if you picture in your head a wire that is bound in concrete and the concrete doesn’t move, or the wire that’s bound in some other hard substance, the myofascial release is trying to get all of the concrete, the hard tissue around that wire, to soften up. And when it softens up, there’s less pressure on the nerve, the nerve sends less false signals, and that helps decrease both the neuropathic symptoms that we described and the muscle spasm symptoms that we described.
So, that’s kind of number one, two, and three on our list of things to do is the special physical therapy with the special manual techniques, particularly this myofascial release. And so, people out there listening who have this, what you want to do is you want to find a therapist who preferably has both cancer experience and myofascial technique experience. But if you have to have one, you really want the myofascial therapist to try to work on you with these techniques.
So, from the physician point of view, I don’t do those manual techniques. I don’t even pretend to know how to do them, that’s why we have all these amazing physical therapists out there. The things I can do are more medically related. So medication. So, there are a number of nerve-stabilizing medications that in certain patients will help dramatically with this. So, things like Lyrica, pregabalin is the generic name, Neurontin, gabapentin is the generic name, duloxetine, Cymbalta, certain muscle relaxants. These medications sometimes can help with the neuropathic pain, and particularly in the case of pregabalin, gabapentin, Neurontin and Lyrica respectively, it can help with the spasm component.
So, from my point of view as a physician, almost all of the patients coming in to see me will initially go see one of my specialized physical therapists, and we will have a discussion about if they want to try medication, understanding that not all people want to even try a medicine, much less have the potential of being on it for any period of time. It is sometimes necessary to rotate the medicines, to try different ones to find one that is effective for the patient and agrees with them. And that will often be the second, third visit, and some patients just don’t respond to anything.
If the medications and the therapy haven’t worked, then we start talking about procedures. So, I have a couple of procedures that can be effective in post-mastectomy pain syndrome. One of them are intercostal nerve blocks. So, what I do is try to identify the little stumps, the neuromas where the nerves were cut, and I inject lidocaine or a lidocaine-like medicine — I usually use bupivacaine, it lasts longer — and a small amount of a local steroid right on top of the nerve. And that helps decrease the inflammation, soften up the tissue, and in combination with the therapy, sometimes helps.
When I have patients who have that squeezing, spasm pain, like the pectoral muscle, that big muscle on Arnold Schwarzenegger that the implant is under, when that muscle is spasming, I can actually put Botox in it. Botox, the reason ladies like it for their wrinkles is what it does is it poisons where the nerve talks to the muscle, in a reversible way. It goes away, given enough time. So, your wrinkles go away simply because the nerve can’t make the muscle spasm. We use it in spasticity, like people who’ve had strokes or cerebral palsy also to relax the muscles.
So, guess what happens if I have a spasming pectoral muscle or the serratus muscle on the side of the body? If I put the Botox in it, it not only relaxes the muscle, but actually has an analgesic, a pain-relieving effect, as well. So, the Botox can be very effective in the right type of patient. And it’s not an approved Botox indication, it’s an off-label indication. I bill it as a dystonia, because it is an abnormal spasm from nerve damage, like other dystonias, and in some patients it works really, really well.
Jamie DePolo: Wow. So, I know that both nerve blocks and the Botox, as you said, will eventually wear off. Do you know roughly how long that would last?
Dr. Michael Stubblefield: Yeah. So, the nerve blocks are anywhere from lasting until the lidocaine wears off, the bupivacaine wears off in, like, 8 hours to lasting a month or longer. The Botox is different. It can last 3 months, and the patients who I treat don’t show up? The ones that I’m remembering, all Botox patients. For some reason, once I get those muscles to stop spasming, in some patients — again, this is not everybody by any stretch — in some patients it’s been really just remarkable, that you’re basically resetting the nervous system, and the patients do well for very long periods of time if not indefinitely. But that’s really rare. That’s not the rule.
Jamie DePolo: Okay. And I interrupted with that question. Are there any other treatments that you, as a physician, would try? Or procedures, I guess I should say?
Dr. Michael Stubblefield: Yeah. So, yes, there are more ablative procedures, meaning — the Botox and the intercostal blocks, those are reversible, right? If they don’t work, it’s no harm, no foul. But the more ablative procedures, where you’d use radio frequency to ablate the nerve, that’s a much more permanent thing, and if you get it wrong, whatever you have, you kind of have afterwards. So, if it made your pain worse, your pain’s worse. But I have seen those done in patients with mixed results, like all of these procedures. And then there’s things like acupuncture, absolutely, that could be very useful for some people.
Other sort of therapy techniques, like mind/body relaxation techniques, absolutely very useful. There’s a nerve stimulator that was just approved by the FDA that I am looking forward to trying. It’s actually — again, I’ve never done this on post-mastectomy, but I have several patients who’ve been refractory. And I put two little small electrodes under the skin, and you leave them there for a month, and you hook them up to a very small little pulse generator that stimulates. And that may be a way of retraining the nervous system to behave in some of these patients, so I’m very excited to try that as well.
Jamie DePolo: So, it’s almost like a TENS system that people use if they have herniated disks in their backs and things like that?
Dr. Michael Stubblefield: Exactly, and of course, we do TENS and electrical in therapy, but I don’t think those are as effective on the myofascial. This is different because of the duration of the time that you would be using it. You’d basically be using it effectively continuously for a month. So, that will have very different physiologic effects on the nerve than just TENS, where you’re doing it for shorter periods of time.
Jamie DePolo: So, in addition to some of these things, like I’m wondering, in addition to the myofascial release that a physical therapist would do, or even in addition to a nerve block or Botox that you would do, can a person help herself by — are there stretches that you recommend for someone with this syndrome? Are there exercises? Can those help, too?
Dr. Michael Stubblefield: No. I would never recommend that somebody just go out and do these on their own. I really want them to have a preferably experienced as well as skilled physical therapist try to walk them through the sorts of things that they would do. A lot of what you need to do is not intuitive, and that’s why the therapist is there, to try to guide you into the right things. And what people tend to do is they do the stuff that’s easy and works well, right? And that’s not always the things that need to be done for this.
So, stretches and conditioning exercises and strengthening exercises absolutely would be a part of a comprehensive rehabilitation program, but I really would like those guided by a licensed physical therapist.
Jamie DePolo: Okay, that makes sense, absolutely. And before we wrap up, some people have reported that they have itching in addition to the pain? Now is that common, and is that treated any differently, or is that still a nerve symptom?
Dr. Michael Stubblefield: Yeah, exactly, great question. It’s just a part of the nerve symptoms. So, whenever you damage a nerve that’s going to a patch of skin, wherever, when you damage it, what happens is those nerve fibers just start firing. And it’s kind of random the way they fire, based on how you were injured and your own sensibilities and a number of factors we really don’t know. So what they’re doing is they’re sending false signals, like a short-circuiting wire, into the spinal cord and up to the brain.
The brain is being met with this garbage input, it doesn’t know what to do with it. So it’s going to process it in the closest sort of analogous thing that it senses. So, it may process it as pain. It may process it as numbness, even though it’s not true numbness. Or it may process it as itching, or it may process it as electricity. So, itching, phantom pain, and all of those are really part and parcel of just a nerve being damaged and sending false signals into the brain.
Jamie DePolo: Okay, so, it sounds like the treatment would be…
Dr. Michael Stubblefield: The treatment would be the same.
Jamie DePolo: That makes sense. So, to sort of summarize for everybody, what would you say are the three main points, if someone is suffering from post-mastectomy pain syndrome, what would you want her to know?
Dr. Michael Stubblefield: So, the first one is to get an accurate diagnosis. There’s a lot of other causes of pain in the upper body other than post-mastectomy syndrome after breast cancer treatment. It can be a frozen shoulder. It can be cords in the axilla, these little fibrous bands that you can get. It can be a number of things. So you first want to make sure that it is post-mastectomy pain syndrome. And a pain specialist, most will have some knowledge of this. Rehab doctors like myself usually should have… the best would be to go to a cancer-specific rehab physician, if you can, to get the diagnosis.
The second thing, if you do have it, you really want, as your first starting point, to seek out a physical therapist who’s knowledgeable both in cancer and myofascial release. That’s really the first place to start, and for the majority of my patients, that does it, particularly early on. Earlier is better with the treatment of this. If it becomes chronic, it almost always gets harder to treat.
And then, the third is be patient, you know? It often takes a lot of time to find, for particularly the refractory patients, a combination of treatment modalities that is going to make your pain better.
Jamie DePolo: Excellent advice. Thank you so much. I think this will be very helpful for a lot of people who are suffering this very, very troubling side effect.
Dr. Michael Stubblefield: Thank you so much, Jamie. It’s really an honor to be here, and I appreciate being able to talk to the audience.


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Should you put in the effort? How to become more than just a writer.
When writing these articles I always ask myself if I should put in the upmost effort.
It’s not like it’s really graded, I think. Nobody is currently reading what I write. Or if they do they aren’t really saying much.
That brings me to the idea that maybe I’m not getting the view or followers I want because I don’t put in the effort to make these articles/posts good enough.
First, I actually haven’t seen my analytics to fins out how many people are reading me. That’s something good. The mad thing is that I’m measuring my success by how many people begin following me. (lately it’s just been one)
Growing up in this kind of business is tough. Well its tough in any industry.
Youtube, blogging, digital illustrator, you name it.
It takes time to get well know or to even get good at what you’re doing.
Getting out of high school, I was distraught by how many more years of school I would need for a career, and that’s if I found a career I liked.
The amount of effort they need is far greater than what I use to make these articles. That’s why some jobs pay thousand a month and tens to even hundreds a year. The amount of skills and effort allow them to chose the job they want and just about how much they want to get payed.
If they are skilled enough they may even win the competition.
As for me, I’m a different story.
I’m an amateur that doesn’t even know what he wants to be in life just yet.
I’m a beginner writer with little to no followers. (Thanks for those who have fallowed me)
I’m low ranking compared to the competition, but If I had just stayed back and sat down at my desk, I would have just been another wanna be writer who hasn’t picked up a pen in weeks because they still want to write that story they had when they were kids.
I have taken action to write to day, and though It may not be the best worded, best edited, or even organized, I wrote. That’s is what matters. That you get your idea form mind to paper or where ever you post on the internet.
Dam that was short….
uhh… Follow me for more like this. I’ll try to re read this later…. maybe…
It’s also a good thing no one is reading because I can write whatever I want and there is little judgement on your end. And very little on my end.

domain: literature


text:
Numbers Don’t Lie – MS Dhoni is Far From Finished
If we stop expecting too much from Dhoni the finisher, we will realise his overall superiority in the Indian team.
The morning after a ragtag West Indies discontinued India’s dominance in the on-going ODI series, a video of Mahendra Singh Dhoni began doing the rounds on social media. A down in the mouth MSD is seen sitting isolated at the dugout after the loss for which the pundits made him the scapegoat.
Dhoni played the slowest ODI innings of his career, slowest half-century by an Indian in decades, and was dismissed when India still required 14 off the last seven balls. His 114-balls 54 could accommodate only a solitary boundary, not the kind of innings you would expect from a batsman whose ODI strike rate is 89, especially in a down to the wire game.
A two paced pitch could be a vindication for his tortoise paced innings, but over the years, Indians have become so habituated to Dhoni winning them games, that they don’t want to stomach the fact that their demigod is no longer the ‘finisher’ he was.
Dhoni might have lost some of his finishing prowess considering the dizzying standards he has already set for himself, but Dhoni's star is by no means a waning one. Critics may show you the highlights of his recent debacles; but can success be definite? It can never be. But can it be sustained over a period of time, yes it can be. Dhoni might have failed and these moments might be glaring, but we need to slow down before jumping the gun.
Don't write him off just yet, he deserves to be studied and as they say numbers never lie, here are a few stats that prove Dhoni still has enough fuel left in his tank.
Let Numbers Talk
From July 2015 to July 2017, Dhoni has been the fifth highest run-getter in ODIs for India, after Virat Kohli, Rohit Sharma, Ajinkya Rahane and Shikhar Dhawan. He amassed 876 runs from the 24 innings that he played during that period, at a strike rate of 86.22.
From July 2016 to 2017, he has been the second highest run-getter for India in ODIs, only second to captain Virat Kohli. In the 14 innings that he played last year, he scored 578 runs at a strike rate of 80.61.
Out of the 578 runs, 256 came in boundaries and 322 through running between the wickets. These numbers reveal that Dhoni the batsman is far from being over just yet. The 322 runs which did not come in boundaries put a stamp on the almost 36-year-old’s fitness. He can scramble for singles and doubles as effortlessly as he can hit the biggies.
Talking about the first six months of 2017 alone, Dhoni has already scored almost 400 runs at an average of 64.33 from only nine innings, which also include a century and three fifties. These numbers are a clear-cut proof that his form is still as good as it always was.
On His Day, Dhoni is Still Menacing
Just when the analyst thinks that Dhoni’s genius is slowly evanescing, the wicketkeeper-batsman springs up a surprise for them. We saw it in Mohali against New Zealand last year, when the then captain’s 122-ball 80 was instrumental to India’s win, after everyone else but Kohli failed.
We saw it again in January this year against England in Cuttack. Dhoni turned back the clock with his blistering 134 which included 10 fours and six sixes.
Most recently, his critics were again left eating humble pies when the wicketkeeper-batsman scored a 78-ball 63 against Sri Lanka in the ICC Champions Trophy 2017 last month. Dhoni of the old was on show at The Oval as he hit some outstanding shots that left the bowlers powerless.
And not to forget, he just registered back to back half centuries in the on-going ODI series against West Indies. Dhoni scored a 79-ball 78 in the third ODI in his cautious attempt to make India amass a decent total, which also won him his first Man of the Match as a non-captain in ODIs. Also, with that innings, he went past Adam Gilchrist (9,410) as the second highest run-scorer among wicketkeeper-batsmen with 9,496 runs. The list is topped by Kumar Sangakkara (13341).
When asked in the post-match presentation if he was getting better with age, the former skipper smilingly said, “it is like wine”.
His 114-ball 54 on the other hand was a brilliant show of composure from a big hitter like Dhoni, who scored at a rate of less than 50. His innings could have been built a bit more attractively, but perhaps it was just a bad day at office.
Unfortunately, for Dhoni, there is a competitor in Rishabh Pant waiting to prove his mettle. But his ability to find the gaps, to hit the biggies, to keep wickets, to mentor Kohli, and to tangibly look after the entire team makes him more than as asset for the 2019 World Cup.
If we stop expecting too much from Dhoni the finisher and match-winner, we will realise his overall superiority in the Indian team. After all, greats are not defined by the number of centuries they score or matches they win.
One example is Misbah-Ul-Haq, who scored 5,122 runs in 162 ODIs, never scored a century in his ODI career.
(Umaima Saeed is a self-confessed introvert who binges on cricket and lets her writing do the talking.)
(This admission season, The Quint got experts from CollegeDekho.com on board to answer all your college-related queries. Send us your questions at firstname.lastname@example.org .)
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domain: news


text:
At least 18 people were shot, two fatally in citywide shootings Thursday.
The fatal attacks occurred less than two hours apart in Englewood and the Near North Side. At least two people were killed and 16 others — including a 16-year-old boy — were wounded by gun violence in Chicago Thursday.
Eleven of the attacks happened over seven hours at the end of the day. Five people were shot in Englewood Thursday, three in the South Loop.
One of the fatal attacks occurred in Englewood on the...
St. Martin Parish, La. (KLFY) An 18-year-old Rayne man has been accused of fatally shooting his 17-year-old friend during a weekend altercation, according to St. Martin Parish Sheriff Becket Breaux. Ryan Richard of Rayne was charged with the second degree murder of a 17-year-old male. According to Breaux, the shooting happened before dawn Saturday in [
JEANERETTE, La. (KLFY) A 16-year-old male is in jail charged with second-degree murder. This comes after a deadly shooting early Tuesday morning in Jeanerette. Police say the shooting happened at the intersection of Church and Pellerin Street. The victim has been identified as 19-year-old Tommy Carson Jr. of Franklin. "We got a call around approximately [

domain: law


Characterizing Scalar Metasurfaces Using Time-Domain Reflectometry
Two efficient methodologies for the determination of electromagnetic (EM) constitutive properties of scalar metasurfaces are introduced and discussed. In contrast to the available methods, and in line with the recent increasing interest in time-domain (TD) analyses of metasurfaces, we show that the material parameters of a scalar metasurface can be readily achieved directly in the TD merely from the EM reflected pulse shape. The two methodologies are based on an analytical TD reflectometry (TDR) approach and a modern stochastic optimization technique. A number of illustrative numerical examples demonstrating the validity and properties of the proposed techniques are presented.
IEEE Access. 2022, vol. 10, issue 1, p. 9677-9685.
Date of access to the full text
Language of document
Date of acceptance
Result of defence
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International


text:
In Nigeria ‘s Muslim north, women-only tricycle taxis a symbol of compromise
ICC NOTE: Clash of the Sharia law and the culture of Nigeria . To truly implement the fullest expression of the Sharia is to be extremely brutal, and there is a measure opposition of that in Northern Nigeria .
3/26/07 Nigeria For the full article (International Herald Tribune) New lemon-yellow motorized rickshaws for women, bearing the slogan “Be Pious,” are vying for pole position at traffic-choked intersections in Nigeria’s Muslim-dominated north.
The subsidized rides with pull-around shades to thwart prying male eyes hit the streets of Kano in recent months after women were banned from riding on motorcycle taxis on which they were pressed against male drivers.
The motorized rickshaws embody a struggle across the north to reconcile a strict interpretation of a foreign religion with Nigeria ‘s culture and secular constitution and the quotidian realities of African poverty.
Nigeria is officially secular, with its 140 million people nearly evenly divided between Christians and Muslims. Christians predominant in the coastal south and Muslims in the north.
After more than a decade of brutal, controlling military rule ended with President Olusegun Obasanjo’s election in 1999, many in the north began clamoring for Islamic law in many ways, a reaction to general lawlessness and Nigeria ‘s shattered justice system.
Many northern politicians seized on the issue as a reliable vote-getter. As civilian rule and the new millennium dawned, 12 states across the north declared that they would follow Shariah, the Islamic civil and criminal code.
Riots flared. Christian and Muslim youths did battle in Kano and other cities, leaving hundreds dead.
Obasanjo, a southerner and a Christian, and others in the federal government declared their opposition to Shariah and said they would work to ensure it’s implementation wouldn’t run afoul of the federation, which gives wide powers to the states. When Shariah has clashed with national law, the federal government has won.
Obasanjo, a southern Christian, is barred by term limits from running in April elections in which Muslims are the three main candidates. Even if the next president is Muslim, Nigerians say constitutional checks make it impossible to strengthen Shariah much further, or extend it over the country.
Islamic fervor is stronger in northern Nigeria than in many other parts of Muslim West Africa, and Osama Bin Laden has targeted the country for “liberation.” But signs of the most stringent interpretations of Islam are rare here.
Only one amputation ordered by a Shariah judge is known to have taken place, and no executions.
Unlike many countries in the Middle East , from where Islam was brought to Nigerian hundreds of years ago by Arab slave and spice traders, women drive cars and vote. The have unfettered access to state education, although female literacy lags that of males. Women run for elected office, albeit rarely.
Despite a statewide ban on the sale of alcohol, beer and whiskey is openly sold in the north’s Christian enclaves and the occasional man in Muslim gown and cap can be seen tipping back a green bottle of Star beer.
Many Muslim women cover their hair, but few adopt body-shrouding veils.
Nigerians say the strictest interpretation of Shariah runs counter to their culture. Keeping women behind doors and out of sight, or cloaking them in fabric, is a foreign idea in Nigeria , where women play leading roles in economic life.
“That can be practiced in Saudi, but not here,” says Haruna Bakar, a 29-year old male mill worker. “The religion came from Saudi, but when it came here, it met our culture.”
Shariah has also met Nigeria ‘s poverty, which is among the worst in the world despite billions of dollars in government revenue generated by the country’s oil industry, the biggest in Africa .
A fact of life in Nigeria is that all able hands are put to use, male or female, at whatever jobs can be found.
For Aisha Ahmed Hassan, the head of the country’s Muslim Sisters’ Association, strict Shariah would be the natural state of being if not for poverty.
She supported the 2005 ban on women riding motorcycle taxis, but says women chose the motorbikes because that’s all they could afford, not out of impiety.
“For me, what’s un-Islamic is the situation that made them do that. Their knees and legs are out, but they were just doing it because they have no other option,” she said. “It’s not ladylike.”

domain: sociology


text:
“In the first place God made idiots. This was for practice. Then he made school boards.”
― Mark Twain, Following the Equator: A Journey Around the World
President Trump has made school choice his top domestic policy priority for a second term. The President has framed school choice as a civil rights issue, and it has strong support in Black and minority communities where the public school monopoly has systemically failed. The National Education Association, teachers unions and the Democratic Party see school choice as an existential threat to their political and economic power, and so the stage is set for a national debate on education policy.
It is long overdue. It has been more than 75 years since the first GI Bill brought school choice to American higher education, and more than 50 years since Nobel laureate Milton Friedman suggested that subsidizing students rather than schools (and teacher unions) and promoting competition rather than a monopoly would improve K-12 education. It’s been almost a decade since Maine (finally) passed charter school legislation (arguably the weakest version of school choice), and two years since the Democrats, the Maine Education Association and Governor Mills passed legislation to strangle them.
The time is right. The Chicom COVID pandemic has forced a move to distance education and home-schooling. The left’s decades-long efforts to control the curriculum in our public schools have led to lessons on US history, climate change, capitalism, socialism, religion, sexuality and race that are more indoctrination than education. The Maine Education Association has strongly backed a series of socialist referenda initiatives, although you had to dig pretty deep to uncover their efforts, as such reporting was beneath the Bangor Daily News, Portland Press Herald and Maine Public Radio (whose reporters are MEA members!). Most recently, Harvard education “experts” and union advocates have been warning about the dangers of parental influence and control, and how awful “nice white parents” are for the prospects of “correctly” educating our children.
Maine has had school choice for over 200 years. The town academies, such as Washington Academy, were the original charter schools. Small towns without their own elementary or high schools have school choice (it’s highly valued in Cooper). Anti-Catholic prejudice led to efforts to bar school choice for religious schools, forcing John Bapst to renounce their religious founding and curriculum. Last June the Supreme Court ruled such religious discrimination unconstitutional, and while our Democratic legislature will not do anything about it, the federal courts will, and probably sooner rather than later. I want my tax dollars to benefit students and their families first, as they choose. Unfortunately, that is not what the Maine Education and National Education Associations want.
Education, especially K-12 education, was supposed to be primarily a state and local matter. Thomas Jefferson helped write Maine’s constitution that tried to ensure local control. National control via a federal Department of Education was pushed by Democrats. It started with Jimmy Carter in the service of teacher unions and social control and was continued by well-meaning, if misguided, Republicans (Bush 43’s “soft bigotry of low expectations” stands out). It reached a high (or low) point with the Obama administrations’ Title IX sexuality and due process edicts and disciplinary reforms that led to ignoring complaints about minority kids who eventually became school shooters.
An increasingly strong and invasive federal Department of Education was just fine with the left until President Trump was elected and nominated school choice advocate Betsy Devos as Education Secretary. Trump and Devos are a threat to the education monopoly that sustains the partnership between the Democrats and the teachers’ unions. It will be highly ironic if it is the feds who restore truly local (as in parental) control. Of course, we should also keep Mr. Clemens’ sage analysis in mind.
Disclaimer: In 1998 the author campaigned for Congress on the issue of school choice.
Jon Reisman is an associate professor of economics and public policy at the University of Maine at Machias. His views are his own.Mr. Reisman welcomes comments as letters to the editor here, or to him directly via email at [email protected].


text:
March 23 (UPI) -- Todd Fisher says mom Debbie Reynolds asked for his "permission" to die.
"We were talking [the night Carrie died] and I didn't know what was happening, but she was setting me up for her leaving the planet," Fisher said.
"She starts running me back through her estate, which we had done many times. [She's like], 'You're going to take my dog,' and, you know, all these little instructions," he recalled. "I thought that we were just going through these events ... but instead the next morning, we had a little further dialogue and she chose to leave the planet."
"It looked like she asked permission to leave, told me she was going to leave, told me she loved me, closed her eyes, and went to sleep," the star shared.
Reynolds, an actress best known for Singin' in the Rain, died of a stroke Dec. 28 at age 84. She passed just one day after Carrie Fisher died of cardiac arrest at age 60.
"She wanted to be with Carrie," Fisher told Variety after his mom's death.
Fisher will host a public memorial service for his mom and sister on Saturday at the Freedom Theater at Forrest Lawn Cemetery in Los Angeles. Carrie Fisher is also survived by her daughter, 24-year-old actress Billie Lourd.


text:
Walnut and White Bean Hummus
That’s right, I’m taking massive, unwarranted liberties with the term “hummus” and ascribing it to this absurdly tasty mixture that includes not a single chickpea. This is because you use it exactly like you would hummus. Calling it a “purée,” “sauce,” “spread,” or “dip” just seems unnecessarily misleading – so hummus purists can, simply, suck it.
This one’s also lifted from minimalist chef Jules of Stone Soup, whose unassuming little dishes are furiously growing on me as I try them out. I honestly do believe in the value of slaving for hours over a hot stove – there’s a certain kind of magic in bringing a whole day’s worth of effort to the dinner table – but Jules has definitely made a minimalist kitchen believer out of me. This took five minutes, maybe. It might take six if you experience great difficulty in opening cans.
I initially paired this with a slew of roasted veggies – red bell peppers, zucchini, and portobello caps – to pretty durn tasty effect. However, the true joyous epiphany took until earlier this afternoon, when I insightfully combined it with crispy slices of a particularly wonderful gala apple. Good lord. It was born for apples. Incited by the sweetness, the touch of sherry just blooms, and the walnuts are full-bodied and buttery like nobody’s business.
White Bean & Walnut Hummus
from Stone Soup.
makes: plenty, perhaps 2 1/2 cups worth of hummus
time: 5 minutes
16 oz walnuts
1 (14 oz) can cannellini beans, drained and rinsed
2 cloves garlic, peeled
3 Tablespoons sherry
4 Tablespoons extra virgin olive oil
(plenty of) salt & pepper
4 Tablespoons water, or to taste
1. Process walnuts in a food processor until finely ground – OR – mince the hell out of them with a knife.
2. Add remaining ingredients, except water, and continue to process until you have a smooth paste. You will need to do more frenetic knifework here if you lack a food processor.
3. Gradually add water until the paste is the consistency you’re after. Garnish with cilantro and smoked paprika if you feel fancy.

domain: food


Auto enthusiasts appreciate the a trusted name built into each Chevrolet, and know that only the best repair K3500 parts will suffice when maintenance needs to be done. Obviously, you bought your K3500 because you understood you would be getting performance and American style both impeccably combined into one car, truck, or SUV. Anyone who drives a Chevrolet knows that when it comes to repairing their automobile only the absolute best replacement parts will do. It's not a regular occurrence that you realize that you have to buy a replacement Fuel Filter to repair your car or truck.
You can't get maximum power and fuel economy together without the best air intake and fuel delivery parts. The fuel filter in your car or truck removes tiny bits of dirt and debris from your fuel that could potentially end up in the engine. These particulates negatively affect how powerful and efficient the engine is in your Chevrolet K3500, because dirty gas lowers its octane and could create pre-detonation and knocking. When your Chevrolet K3500 fuel filter gets filled with the particulates that it is filtering, your fuel supply will be restricted and the same effects could result. That is why it is important to change your fuel filter every year.
Given all the hassles associated with installing a part to fix your car or truck, let www.carpartsdiscount.com be the first place you go to make purchasing it easy. Bring your K3500 back to life with the highest quality replacement parts from the experts at Car Parts Discount. When your Chevrolet needs the best replacement Fuel Filter, there's no need to go somewhere besides the authority, Car Parts Discount. When it comes to Chevrolet K3500 Fuel Filter parts, you can find them for 2000, 1999, 1998, 1997, 1996, 1995, 1994, 1993, 1992, 1991, 1990, 1989, 1988 models by clicking the appropriate year below.


Those wanting a compact car with attitude should take a look at the new Toyota Corolla. It’s got a revamped front end that gives it a cool, new sporty look. If you want a safe compact car, the Corolla gets a suite of safety features not typically found in this segment. Add in a dash of Corolla’s excellent fuel economy along with its high resale value, and you have all the ingredients for a car that will please economy conscious consumers.
Over the weekend, we drove the top-of-the-line, 2017 Toyota Corolla XSE.
What’s New For 2017
The Toyota Corolla gets a mild refresh for 2017 with new front end styling, LED headlights, upgraded interior upholstery, a standard rearview camera on all trims, and a bundle of safety features.
Features & Options
The 2017 Toyota Corolla XSE gets a lot of features for the money ($22,680). It comes with 17-inch alloy wheels, unique front-end styling with a black mesh grille, heated color-keyed side mirrors with turn signal indicators, a rear spoiler, a chrome-tipped exhaust, leather-wrapped steering wheel with paddle shifters (CVT transmission), sport front seats, power moonroof, keyless ignition and entry, and the upgraded Entune audio system. The XSE also comes standard with heated front seats and an eight-way power-adjustable driver’s seat.
Our XSE tester came with the optional Entune Premium Audio ($525) with an integrated navigation system and the Entune App Suite. A TRD Performance exhaust ($649) added a little extra attitude. Total MSRP including destination: $26,101.
We slid into the XSE, and saw the most up-to-date cabin ever for Toyota’s compact car. It features a stylish dashboard, a sporty steering wheel, and an automatic gear shifter that fits perfectly into the driver’s hand. We particularly liked the traditional audio and climate controls unlike some that are put in difficult-to-use touchscreen menus. If it takes longer than two seconds to figure out how to change the radio station, it’s too difficult.
When we did need to use the 7-inch touchscreen, it offered up large buttons, clear graphics, and quick responses to touch inputs. It could be one of the easier infotainment systems to operate in this class. You can stay connected with the optional Entune App Suite that integrates smartphone-connected services such as Bing, Facebook, Yelp, Pandora, and real-time traffic data.
The Corolla’s front seats hugged us from behind and provided adequate comfort, particularly with the firmer bolstering found in the XSE. We adjusted the telescoping steering wheel, came up with a comfortable driving position, and were able to see the gauges perfectly. Out back, there’s more legroom than most small compact sedans and headroom is a plus for taller passengers. Trunk capacity is average at 13 cubic feet, but the wide trunk opening facilitates loading and unloading large cargo items.
Engine & Fuel Mileage Specs
The 2017 Toyota Corolla XSE comes powered by a 1.8-liter four-cylinder engine, producing 132 horsepower and 128 lb-ft. of torque. It’s mated to a Continuously Variable Transmission driving the front wheels. With the larger 17-inch wheels, the Corolla gets an EPA estimated 28/35 city/highway and 31 combined mpg using regular unleaded fuel.
The first time we hit the push-button start and powered up the Corolla, we could hear the louder growl from the optional TRD Performance Exhaust. When we pushed hard on the gas, it gave off a distinct exhaust note younger buyers will appreciate. Many go for this in aftermarket shops, but Toyota was wise to offer it from the factory.
The Corolla’s four-cylinder engine is bulletproof when it comes to reliability but it does lack in the performance department. We pushed it hard at altitude but were asking for more power as we tried to pass slower traffic. The CVT automatic gearbox has a distinct rpm drone and the TRD exhaust accentuates the sound even more. We tossed the compact car around the tight mountain curves too – it’s really designed more for city commuting.
On the upside, the Corolla is all about no-hassle commuting comfort and handles the city streets with ease. The Corolla XSE won’t leave you tired after a longer commute and can make the daily grind seem less exhausting.
The 2017 Toyota Corolla XSE offers up a lot for the money. Add in Toyota’s reliability, excellent fuel economy, and the compact’s new sporty styling, and you’ve got a good commuter that will last you for years. If you are looking for safety, the standard rearview camera, forward collision warning, lane departure intervention, and adaptive cruise control are as good as most luxury sedans.
Denis Flierl has invested over 25 years in the automotive industry in a variety of roles. Follow his work on Twitter: @CarReviewGuy


A SPIRIT Airlines flight attendant was kicked off a Florida flight for forcing passengers off the plane because a little girl wasn't wearing a mask.
Spirited video shows a flight attendant threaten to kick a family of four off a flight on Monday, citing their 2-year-old girl as not wearing a mask for reason why.
Someone aboard the plane, going from Orlando to Atlantic City, was recording the whole show, depicting the flight attendant telling the family they needed to exit for "non-compliance" with mask rules.
All of the passengers were eventually kicked off the flight before being allowed back on board.
The flight attendant is seen on tape telling the family, including a toddler sitting on her pregnant mom's lap eating yogurt, that needed to put on their masks.
The father, who had his mask around his chin, pulled his mask over his mouth and nose, forcing the flight attendant to nod, but then said "She's not wearing a mask" in regards to the tot.
"The baby?" asked the mom.
"A lot of kids aren't wearing masks," said a woman sitting beside the family.
After the stranger opined in, others began arguing for the family.
"You've been sitting next to me," said the father, who was wearing a yarmulke, "Was I wearing the mask the whole time? Was I wearing the mask the whole time everybody?"
As the father incredulously asked the onlookers seated around him, he put his mask up and down several times.
"I’ll make sure he wears it. Everything is going to be fine," said a person filming.
During the encounter, the flight attendant repeats several times the family was in "non-compliance with the mask policy."
The mom jumped in for her daughter, saying "That’s only a child and a 2-year-old."
"It’s not my choice," the flight attendant responds. "You have to take your stuff and get off."
"We’re done talking. The pilot wants you off, so you have to get off," she added.
The mom again attempts to interject, saying "she’s a baby. She just turned 2 a month ago. She’s been trying to wear it."
However, the flight attendant was having none of it, threatening to call the police before she left.
A second video shows the father saying "the captain was OK with it, the entire plane was OK with it but there was one African American that was not OK with it."
The father then explains his wife is pregnant and his daughter just turned two, adding his son was special needs and suffered from seizures.
"They’re the ones who were the problem” as the family appears to walk by.
Another video shows cops in the aisle of the plane saying "They’re the ones who were the problem."
According to Orlando Police, who were called to the plane just before noon on Monday, they said they were mostly there in presence rather than to do anything.
"Upon arrival, officers saw that the flight was in the middle of de-boarding. Our officers stood by, while Spirit Airlines resolved the issue," a spokesman told the New York Post.
A Spirit rep also told the tabloid that the parents had broken the airline's face-cover policy, adding their violation was not filmed.
They were given a warning before embarking the plane once again,
Most read in News
"The only thing that happened with the flight attendant was that after two hours of a delay there was a crew change required," Spirit spokesperson Field Sutton told New Jersey 101.5.
"And somebody captured police who had come to the gate for the general situation locking down the concourse at the same time as this flight attendant was going on to their next assignment," Sutton ended.
The airline requires anyone, ages 2 and over, to wear a mask.


text:
Financial planning is not something we learn in school. Most have to figure things out for themselves. If you are lucky, perhaps you have parents or a loved one that gave you some good advice growing up. Unfortunately, that seems like the exception rather than the rule. Many end up seeking advice from friends, family, and coworkers.
If you want to go deeper, you are typically left to figure this out alone. Starting with an online search is one way to go. However, sometimes, you may not know where to start. Investing and financial planning are both very dense topics with many polarizing ideologies. Even then, the nuance, tax rules, and endless options add to the overwhelm.
What’s your objective?
It is almost impossible to be objective when it comes to your own money. The powerful emotions of fear and greed create a powerful dynamic that often leads to sub-optimal investment behavior. Even financial planners are best served by having someone else manage their money.
Often, I have clients and prospects say, “I didn’t know that existed.” The most dangerous quadrant of knowledge is when you don’t know what you don’t know. Financial planners have gained knowledge by providing ongoing financial planning for multiple households over many years. We cannot emphasize enough the value of this hands-on knowledge base.
An often overlooked, though most important trait, is accountability. There is a reason top performers across various industries have coaches. Financial planning is no different. A financial planner’s ongoing coaching and accountability can provide positive outcomes during some of the most challenging times. In these difficult times, you want someone in your corner to advise you so you aren’t potentially making life-altering decisions in a sub-optimal mindset with limited information.
When objectivity, knowledge, and accountability come together, the result should be that clients save time, reduce stress, and pursue their dreams.
Information in this material is for general information only and not intended as investment, tax, or legal advice. Please consult the appropriate professionals for specific information regarding your individual situation prior to making any financial decision.

domain: finance


text:
|Find people and communities interested in:|
|Modify your interests based on those of:|
Results for communities interested in "green woman"
- mythicfaery - S.I.D.H.E. (Updated 8 years ago)
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This community is devoted to the discussion, promotion, creation, & appreciation of mythic art.
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More fun stuff can be found on the interests page.

domain: hobby


text:
The mangroves habitat on Curieuse Islands is particularly important as it provides protection and shelter to small organisms, such as fish and crustaceans, from possible predators that normally exist out in the open water. It also provides nutrients to its dwellers because of the large amount of organic matter that is trapped among its roots and it acts as a barrier between the sea and the land. Sediments and garbage that are washed down the rivers are trapped in the mangroves, stopping them from getting onto the reefs and the coastal lowlands are not eroded because the mangrove forest protects them.
From the tortoise reserve a boardwalk leads through the mangroves to the Doctor’s House on the other side of the island. We set off for the hour-long walk and soon we begin to spot large holes in the sand. Looking a little closer we see crabs of different kinds scuttling across the sand. A brightly coloured mangrove crab rests between some young trees while a fiddler crab makes its way into a hole in the sand.
We begin to climb up some steep steps and arrive at the Curieuse Causeway viewpoint. The seawall was built in 1909-1910 and effectively closed off the mangroves, creating a pond in which Hawksbill turtles could be bred and stored for trading purposes (mostly for the shell). However, most of the turtles developed a disease and died by 1914 and so the project had to be abandoned. The wall was subsequently repaired and used as a walkway for visitors until December 2004, when it was almost completely destroyed by the Indian Ocean Tsunami.
We finally reach the large, restored colonial villa, known as the Doctor’s House, where the island’s doctor lived in the 1870s.
Curieuse island was used for the confinement of leprosy sufferers from 1829 to 1900, and again from 1937 to 1965. At times up to eighty men, women and children lived on the island – victims of the disease that for centuries had provoked widespread fear and revulsion. Their ordeal forms one of the saddest chapters in the history of the Seychelles. The first inmates of the camp on Curieuse were African slaves, mainly from Mauritius, who had been abandoned by their masters on various isolated islands in the Indian Ocean. The number of leprosy sufferers at the camp fluctuated over the years, however one man was said to have lived in the camp for over 30 years although the disease had already left his body. In 1900 the government closed the camps on Curieuse and transferred the inmates to the much smaller Round Island, off Praslin. In 1937 all patients were transferred back to Curieuse and the camp there was finally closed in 1965.
During the years of Empire, thousands of Scots lived and worked in Britain’s overseas territories where, in the opinion of one colonial governor, Scottish doctors were superior to others, not only in their medical and surgical qualifications but also in their abilities to adapt to harsh conditions. Dr (later Sir) William MacGregor was one of several doctors in the Colonial Service posted to the Seychelles. From 1837 to 1875 he was the medical officer for Praslin and La Digue, among his duties being the care of leprosy sufferers on nearby Curieuse island. MacGregor soon moved from Praslin to Curieuse, where he built the present house for himself and his wife. Known as the Doctor’s House, this building is now a national monument. MacGregor worked hard to improve the conditions for the lepers; having experienced poverty and hardship himself he readily sympathised with those less fortunate.
No one knows when or where leprosy first appeared, however there were references to the disease in Ancient Egypt and in Chinese medical texts from 400 BC. It was not until 1981, with the introduction of multi-drug therapy, that it could be said that a cure for leprosy had been found.
- Information sign at the Doctor’s House
- Information sign at the tortoise reserve
- Information sign at the mangroves on Curieuse island
- Information sign at the Curieuse Causeway viewpoint

domain: history


Showing 1 - 9 of 9
September 27, 2016Reviews the MTA's preliminary 2017 budget and points to risks, including expiring labor contracts and looming OPEB liabilities.
September 20, 2016This report identifies strategies and options the Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA) can pursue to improve the financial outlook and quality of Access-A-Ride, the paratransit program.
Blog Capital Spending
August 01, 2016The Dormitory Authority of the State of New York (DASNY) manages construction of buildings and provides low-cost financing for public and nonprofit institutions.
Video Capital Spending
June 01, 2016Tony Guida sits down with the CBC's Vice President, Maria Doulis, to discuss why New York City's mega-projects run over budget and how the public sector can build better.
Blog State Budget
March 23, 2016Governor Andrew Cuomo proposal to provide nearly $2.3 billion of State funds from bank settlements to subsidize the New York State Thruway Authority would reverse a long-standing practice of funding the Authority from toll revenue and would put New York taxpayers on a course for financing road and bridge infrastructure that makes little economic or fiscal sense.
Letter State Budget
February 25, 2016CBC offers recommendations for legislative action on the Governor’s Executive Budget for fiscal year 2017. The recommendations cover four proposals that deserve support, five proposals that should be modified, and four proposals that should be rejected.
Blog Capital Spending
February 17, 2016State legislators should enable New York City to benefit from design-build contracting: if it realized savings on par with the State’s experience, the City could save $2 billion over 10 years.
September 30, 2010The CBC seeks to stress two points: 1) the fare increases to be approved for January 2011 and proposed for January 2013 should move toward establishing a long-term policy to cover half of operating expenses with fare revenue, and 2) the MTA should explore the feasibility of incorporating the practice of “peak pricing" for subways and buses.
March 28, 2004This report examines the financing policies for passenger transportation services in the New York-New Jersey metropolitan area. Included are 25 entities consisting of the states of New York and New Jersey, the Port Authority, the MTA, New Jersey Transit, four additional authorities operating or financing toll roads, the City of New York, and 15 counties.


Samsung recently launched the Galaxy F41 in India and the device looks like an upgraded version of the Samsung Galaxy M21 that was launched back in March 2020. It comes with the exact same specs as the Galaxy M21 however Samsung has upgraded the camera setup on this one. To recall, the Samsung Galaxy M21 featured a 6.4-inch Full HD+ Infinity-U Super AMOLED display with 2340 x 1080 pixels screen resolution. It was powered by the company’s own Exynos 9611 SoC, which was further coupled with 4 GB of RAM.
The Samsung Galaxy F41 also comes with the same display and SoC however it offers 6 GB RAM and a much better camera setup. It starts from Rs.16,999 in India and goes on sale via Flipkart. Is the Samsung Galaxy F41 worth your money? Let’s dig into the review to find out.
Samsung Galaxy F41 Key Specifications
- Display: 6.4-inch Super AMOLED Infinity-U display, Full HD+ resolution (2340 × 1080 pixels)
- Software: One UI 2.0, Android 10
- CPU: 10nm Samsung Exynos 9611 octa-core SoC
- GPU: Mali-G72MP3
- Memory: 6 GB RAM
- Storage: 64 GB or 128 GB
- Main Camera: 64 MP rear camera + 8 MP ultra-wide-angle camera + 5 MP depth sensor
- Selfie Camera: 32 MP front camera
- Others: Fingerprint sensor, 3.5mm audio jack
- Connectivity Options: Dual 4G VoLTE, Wi-Fi 802.11 b/g/n/ac, Bluetooth 5, GPS + GLONASS, USB Type-C port
- Battery: 6,000 mAh, 15W charging
- Colors: Fusion Blue, Fusion Black, and Fusion Green
- Price: Starts from ₹16,999
- Availability: From 16th October via Flipkart
Design, Display & Build Quality
The Samsung Galaxy F41 is available in three colors and we got the Fusion Black variant to play around with. Talking about the design, the Samsung Galaxy F41 comes with a glossy plastic back and weighs just 190 grams. The device feels good when you hold it in your hands, it doesn’t feel too big and Samsung did a great job managing the weight on this one as it packs a massive 6000 mAh battery and still feels light when you hold it in your hands. The plastic back on the device attracts a lot of fingerprints and hence if you are planning to buy this make sure you use it with a case.
It comes with a physical fingerprint scanner on the back and the camera module looks similar to the recent mid-range smartphones from Samsung. You get a noise-canceling microphone on the top and along with that, there is a triple card slot on the left. The Volume Keys and the Power button is placed on the right and you can easily reach them as the positioning is really good. In addition to this, the Samsung Galaxy F41 also comes with a 3.5mm Headphone Jack, a USB Type-C port, and a speaker grill at the bottom. The sound output from the speakers isn’t the loudest I’ve seen but it’s decent and you’ll have a nice time watching videos on this one. The fingerprint scanner works well and unlocks your device in a second.
Moving on to the display, the Samsung Galaxy F41 comes with a stunning 6.4-inch Super AMOLED Infinity-U display with a resolution of 2340 × 1080 pixels and Corning Gorilla Glass 3 Protection on the top. The display’s on mid-range Samsung smartphones is one of their key selling points and the same is the case with Samsung Galaxy F41. The AMOLED Display on the Galaxy F41 is stunning, you get deep blacks with punchy and vibrant colors which makes the overall visual experience really good.
It comes with the standard 60Hz refresh rate and that’s what you get at this price range if you are getting an AMOLED Display on your phone. The videos look sharp and the people who are buying this device mainly for entertainment purposes will surely have a good time. It comes with 450 nits of peak brightness and you won’t have any issues while using the smartphone in harsh lighting conditions. Overall, the Samsung Galaxy F41 is one of the best smartphones that you can get right now in terms of display.
User Interface and Software
Samsung Galaxy F41 runs on OneUI 2.0 which is based on Android 10 however users can update it to the latest OneUI 2.1 as soon as they take it out of the box. The OneUI 2.1 brings in a lot of bug fixes and additional camera features which makes the overall experience better. While using the device, we had no issues with the software. The Animations were smooth, there were no lags and we didn’t face any App Crashes in our day to day usage.
The Samsung Galaxy F21 handles day to day tasks easily and you won’t have any issues while multitasking on the device. However, the device comes with a lot of pre-installed apps that take up a lot of storage space but users can uninstall most of them. These pre-installed apps include Apps from Samsung, Microsoft, and Google and along with that, there are Apps like MXTakatak, Moj, and Dailyhunt.
The Samsung Galaxy F41 with OneUI 2.1 offers features Always-On display, Dark mode, Smart View, Ultra Data Saving, Dolby Atmos, Focus mode, Dual Messenger, Game Launcher, Fingerprint sensor gestures, and Blue light filter. It also comes with Widevine L1 certification which means that users can enjoy their favorite movies and TV Shows in the best quality on services like Amazon Prime and Netflix.
To know more about the OneUI 2.1, refer to our past reviews of the Samsung Galaxy smartphones.
Hardware, Performance, & Gaming
The Samsung Galaxy F41 is powered by a 10nm Samsung Exynos 9611 octa-core SoC which is further coupled with a Mali-G72MP3 GPU and 6 GB RAM. When it comes to performance, rival smartphones come with a better chipset for gamers however you won’t notice any performance difference in your everyday usage. The Samsung Exynos 9611 handles everyday tasks with ease and you see no lags that mess with the device performance.
For gaming, the phone can run heavy games like Call of Duty on Low and Medium Graphics settings without any issues however playing it on High settings results in occasional frame drops. Whereas games like Among Us, Candy Crush Saga, and Free Fire run easily on this one and you won’t have any performance issues while playing them. So if you are a heavy gamer you can look for other smartphones in this price range that offer a better chipset, other than that this is a great phone for normal users.
Talking about the connectivity options, the Samsung Galaxy F41 comes with support for Dual 4G VoLTE, Wi-Fi 802.11 b/g/n/ac, Bluetooth 5, and GPS + GLONASS. There are no issues with the connectivity and you won’t face any connection drops when you are connected to a WiFi network. In addition to this, all the sensors are present on the device including the Gyroscope sensor. It comes with UFS 2.1 storage and it’s nice to see that Samsung is giving UFS 2.1 storage in a mid-range device.
Moving on to the Benchmarks, we tried running AnTuTu Benchmark, Geekbench 5, 3DMark, and AndroBench Storage Benchmark on this one, and the scores for them are listed below.
- AnTuTu Benchmark: 196576 defeated 9% of users.
- Geekbench: 344 Single-Core, 1331 Multi-Core
- 3DMark – The Gamer’s Benchmark: 1596 on Sling Shot Extreme- Open Gl ES 3.1, 1538 on Sling Shot Extreme- Vulkan
- Androbench Storage Benchmark: 494 MB/s Maximum Read Speed, 222 MB/s Maximum Write Speed
Have a look at the images below for a detailed look at the Samsung Galaxy M51 Benchmark Scores.
When compared with the Samsung Galaxy M21, there is a major upgrade to the camera setup on this device. The Samsung Galaxy F41 comes with a triple camera setup at the back that consists of a 64 MP main sensor + 8 MP ultra-wide-angle camera and a 5 MP depth sensor. On the front, there is a 32 MP Shooter that takes care of your selfies and video calls.
The camera performance on the Samsung Galaxy F41 is outstanding. There are no issues with shots taken in daylight and it also does a decent job in low light conditions. There are no issues with edge detection and the photos you take using Portrait mode look stunning. The bokeh gives a cool effect to your photos and the shots come with nice punchy colors.
With the OneUI 2.1, the Samsung Galaxy F41 also gets access to new camera features like Single take, night hyper-lapse, and more. The camera features Live Focus, ultra-wide-angle, Pro mode, Slow Motion, super slow motion, super steady, night mode, food mode, and panorama mode. It’s the same camera app that we’ve seen on many budget and flagship smartphones by Samsung. You can have a look at the camera samples below.
One of the key features of this device is its battery and the Samsung Galaxy F41 packs a massive 6000 mAh battery and comes with support for 15W fast charging. Thanks to this massive 6000 mAh battery, users can easily get through the day with a single charge. It’s good enough for both casual and heavy users and even after heavy usage, you get 20-30% battery life remaining at the end of the day.
However, what disappoints us here is the charging speed as the phone takes around 3 hours for a single charge which is quite a lot of time. We would have loved to see at least 25W fast charging on this one because most of the rivals are offering better-charging speed in the same price range.
The Samsung Galaxy F41 is a great smartphone for the people who are looking to buy a Non-chinese smartphone with a Super AMOLED Display. It comes with the same design that we have seen in a lot of recent midrange Smartphones by Samsung. The 6000 mAh battery easily gets you through the day however charging it up takes a lot of time. In the same way, the processor isn’t that great when compared with the Smartphones that come with the latest Snapdragon 720G or 730G chipset but it gets the job done without any major issues.
The camera is one of the best that we’ve seen in this price range and defeats most of the competitors out there. Overall, if you are looking for a smartphone with a great Display and Camera then the Samsung Galaxy F41 is the right choice for you.
- Crisp AMOLED Display
- Reliable Battery Life
- Good Camera Quality
- Dedicated microSD Card Support
- UFS 2.1 Storage
- Charging Speed isn’t up to the mark


text:
The Westcoast Black Theatre Troupe is reaching for “Higher Ground” with a special summer tribute to the hits of Stevie Wonder.
“Best of Stevie Wonder” is an original musical revue created by WBTT Founder and Artistic Director Nate Jacobs. A large cast will perform some of the many hits Wonder recorded after he made his Motown debut at the age 12 when he was billed as Little Stevie Wonder.
“Stevie Wonder is an icon in popular music,” Jacobs said. “His list of hits appears endless, giving me lots to call upon when creating this show.”
Jacobs will be sharing the stage with Ariel Blue, his daughter Naarai, Michael Mendez, Nisi Pierre, Tsadok Porter, Sheldon Rhoden and Henry Washington. Derric Gobourne Jr. makes his debut with the troupe as the young Stevie.
Wonder recorded more than 30 top 10 hits, including “You Are the Sunshine of My Life,” “Ribbon in the Sky,” “Higher Ground,” “Living for the City,” “I Just Called to Say I Love You,” “My Cherie Amour” and “Superstition.”
Wonder has earned 22 Grammy Awards and a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award for a career that has lasted 50 years.
“Best of Stevie Wonder” runs Wednesday through July 28 at the Westcoast Black Theatre Troupe, 1626 10th Way, Sarasota. Tickets are $29.50. For more information: 366-1505; wbttsrq.org

domain: entertainment


The Conklin Castle: Home To A Cast Of Characters
Arguably one of the most unique landmarks in Broome County, it's hard to drive down Conklin Road without wondering what's up with that big, white castle. The Conklin Town Hall, Conklin Castle, or the Corby House, has been here for over 100 years and it still stands out.
It’s sort of like…. Okay….
— Gerald Smith, Broome County Historian
The structure was built in 1900 by Alpheus Corby, a farmer and artist, and a bit eccentric. He was not one to conform, especially when it came to his house.
“He wanted to make a statement with his house,” says Smith.
Historians believe this is Alpheus Corby, standing in front of the porch of the Conklin Castle.
Corby was inspired by a recent trip to England to visit relatives.
“He and his wife Anna, they became enamored with the castles of Europe," says Conklin Town Clerk Sherrie Jacobs, “So he built a castle for his wife when he came back to Conklin.”
Corby built his castle in 1900, inspired by a recent trip to England with his wife, Anna.
Unfortunately, the Corbys did not enjoy their castle for very long. Both died by 1918, but the castle went on to house the undead, or so it's said. In the 1920s, a woman named Carol McKinstry turned the castle into a spiritualist church called the Valentino Memorial Church of Psychic Fellowship. McKinstry claimed that the late silent film star Rudolph Valentino came to visit her every night. During that 2 hour visit, he would dictate a film script for a movie he wanted McKinstry to produce. She left for Hollywood, trying to peddle the 80,000 page screenplay.
"Nobody bought her story about Rudolph Valentino living in a castle in little Conklin," says Jacobs.
Carol McKinstry opened the Valentino Memorial Church of Psychic Fellowship in the castle in the 1920s.
McKinstry never came back to Conklin and died in the 1950s. The movie was never made and the castle moved on to yet another phase. It fell into the hands of none other than George F Johnson, who used it for his latest charitable venture. Johnson turned it into a home for disadvantaged youth.
"I think it was a noble experiment trying to bring disadvantaged kids out into the country, have them put in a nice social setting, give them opportunities," says Smith.
The children's home never really took off, only lasting two years. In 1944, Johnson turned the building over to the town.
"With the stipulation that it’s always available to use for the community," says Jacobs.
Today, multiple organizations use the castle for meeting space. The town is looking for ways to preserve the landmark, which has been placed on both the state and national historic registries.
“Our long-term dream would be to restore it to what it was when it was a home,” says Jacobs, who is also part of the town's historical society, “Unfortunately, we’ve had two devastating floods, that have just taken the financial resources and time and effort to rebuild the rest of the infrastructure.”
With many more emergent repairs to make after the 2006 and 2011 floods, the building hasn't been a priority. Now, the town is in the process of applying for grants, hoping to restore Corby's castle to its former glory.


text:
Closed-loop theory and the partial recall hypothesis : explanations of the sources of information about knowledge in memory
Date of Award
Master of Arts
Examples of information about knowledge in memory are described, and two conceptualizations of the source of such information--the partial recall hypothesis and the closed-loop theory--are reviewed. Wearing (1970) conducted a study to support the closed-loop theory using 60 CVC pairs in a paired-associate task with recall measure and confidence ratings. An attempt is made to replicate and extend some of his findings. Some are replicated, except for one finding with which he supported closed-loop theory. With support for closed-loop theory thus reduced, the partial recall hypothesis seems more plausible.
Watkins, Thomas Beverly, "Closed-loop theory and the partial recall hypothesis : explanations of the sources of information about knowledge in memory" (1975). Master's Theses. 1132.

domain: psychology


text:
- Honeypreet's bail plea: Delhi High court reserves order, asks her to surrender
- MIB seeks compliance report from Arasu on digitisation
- Pakistan court to indict Nawaz Sharif on October 2 in corruption cases
- Narendra Modi's 16000 cr Saubhagya scheme for households
- 894 dengue cases in New Delhi over last week
- SBI cuts minimum balance requirement in savings account to Rs 3000
- Malegaon blast accused Major Ramesh Upadhyay gets bail from Bombay High Court
BBC’s ‘Doctor Who’ returns to Amazon’s Prime Video in the US
MUMBAI: Online retail major Amazon and BBC Worldwide North America have announced a multi-year content licensing agreement to make Prime Video the exclusive US subscription streaming home for the series ‘Doctor Who’.
Prime members in the US can enjoy seasons one to eight of BBC America’s science-fiction television series, along with all the Christmas special episodes, starting 27 March, at no additional charge to their membership
Season nine and the Christmas Special, ‘The Husbands of River Song’ will be available later this year
Prime members can enjoy the series via the Amazon Video app for TVs, connected devices including Amazon Fire TV and mobile devices, or online.
‘Doctor Who’, a BBC Production, began broadcasting on BBC America in 2005. It follows the Doctor, an alien from a race called the Time Lords whose home planet is Gallifrey. The Doctor travels through time and space in his ship the Tardis with numerous companions in an effort to continuously save the world. Christopher Eccleston, David Tennant, Matt Smith, and Peter Capaldi have all played the Doctor in the series.
BBC audiences were first introduced to the series 52 years ago.


text:
A Club for the whole community
Whitnash Bowls Section Youth Academy
We are delighted to announce the setting up of the NEW Youth Academy
All those aged between 8 and 18 years old can join learn the great game of bowls.
The new Youth Academy will aim to provide a managed safe environment for all young people in the community to learn and develop in this challenging non-contact sport in a fun way. It will help young people develop important social skills, work as part of a team and make new friends.
Whitnash Sports and Social Club, through the Bowls Section, are committed to support and help both Bowls England and the Commonwealth Games organising team to increase junior participation in this sport. Our Club, in agreeing to participate, should benefit from financial, equipment and advisory support and guidance.
We are at the beginning of a potentially exciting new development for young people
at our Club.
Juniors – Invitation
Anyone aged between 8 and 18 years old interested in joining the Youth Academy and playing bowls in the summer should ask their Mum or Dad to register your interest with us (see Contact Details below). We will contact you with details of when the first Junior Bowls introductory sessions/Open Day will be held later this year.
Parents / Members – Invitation
The Youth Academy cannot run itself. We would like members to be involved in this new venture with us from the start. It will help secure the long term future of our Club and develop new skills in our young people.
If you are interested in helping to set up and run the Section in a volunteer capacity we would be very interested to hear from you. You do not necessarily need to be a Mum or Dad of a junior. You do not need any previous experience of playing bowls or working with young people but it would, of course, be very helpful.
Please contact either Bob Thompson or Martin Dean if you are willing to help us with this new and exciting initiative.
Contact Details -
Bob Thompson Martin Dean
Phone –07484 849645 Phone – 07836 528958
Email - firstname.lastname@example.org Email – email@example.com


U.S. Army Photograph by PFC Rachel Sanzo, 42nd ID (Released)
PLATEKILL, NY- Members of the New York Army National Guard?s Honor Guard prepare to lay to rest the remains of New York Army National Guard Sgt. Mark Palmateer, at the New Hurley Cemetery on July 11, while family, friends and fellow Soldiers look on.
Sergeant Palmateer, of Poughkeepsie, and Sgt. 1st Class Joseph McKay, of Queens, were killed when their humvee struck an improvised explosive device while on patrol in Logar Province, eastern Afghanistan. Both men were assigned to B Troop, 2nd Squadron 101st Cavalry, which deployed to Afghanistan as part of the 27th Brigade Combat Team. Sgt. Palmateer had previously been assigned to Company C, 1st Battalion 69th Infantry, while Sgt. 1st Class McKay had been a member of the 427th Brigade Support Battalion.
Sergeant First Class McKay was interred on July 10 at Long Island National Cemetery in Farmingdale.
NY National Guard In the News
Associated Press -- Mon, 18 Aug 2014
National Guard soldiers arrive home in New York
ALBANY, N.Y. (AP) --More than 250 soldiers in a New York Army National Guard aviation unit are back home from the Persian Gulf.
National Guard officials say the soldiers in the 42nd Combat... (more)
Associated Press -- Fri, 15 Aug 2014
NY Army National Guard gets new senior soldier .
ALBANY, N.Y. -- The New York Army National Guard is getting a new senior soldier who serves as the top enlisted person in the organization.
Nationalguard.mil -- Thu, 14 Aug 2014
New York Army National Guard Soldiers become MPs during four-week course
Instructors at the New York Army National Guard’s 106th Regional Training Institute here are cramming 20 weeks of classroom, field training and on-the-job instruction in police methods... (more)


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