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of others that must be cared for in addition to its own securities and records. If only one vault is erected, that part used by the banking department should be separated by a grill from the portion used by the trust department. If a safety deposit department is to be conducted, of course a special equipment is necessary.
ORGANIZATION OF TRUST COMPANIES BY SPECIAL CHARTer.
As already stated, trust companies in some States are incorporated only by special charter granted by the Legislature. In these States, after it has been decided to apply for a charter, a committee of the persons interested is appointed to draw up, under legal advice, an act of incorporation involving such provisions as are wanted (being sure to specify a wide range of powers), and to arrange for the introduction of the bill to the Legislature by some member thereof. If the Legislature sces fit to grant the charter, either as presented or amended by the Legislature, the company is usually authorized to begin business as soon as it wishes after the passage of the act.
Such special acts, in the absence of general laws regulating the business of trust companies, define the powers and limitations of the company. If general laws for such regulation of trust companies exist in the State, then the special act merely names the corporators, creates them a corporation under the name chosen, and confers upon them the authority to transact a trust company business under the general laws in force relating to such corporations.
The charters of companies established in the early years of the trust company movement have had added to them numerous amendments granting larger powers, as the Legislatures became more liberal in such matThe amendments are passed by the Legislature in the form of special acts, and become part of the charter upon their formal acceptance by the company. In cases where general laws regulating the business of trust companies have been passed subsequent to the granting of special charters, such general laws, or parts of them, become part of the charter of the company upon their acceptance by the latter. The following charter of a large Boston company,* doing both a banking and a trust business, will illustrate the usual form and scope of these special charters and of acts amending same:
COMMONWEALTH OF MASSACHUSETTS.
THE NEW ENGLAND TRUST COMPANY.
ACT OF INCORPORATION, GRANTED APRIL 22, 1869.
SECTION 1. Nathaniel Thayer, John C. Lee, Benjamin T. Reed, their associates and successors, are hereby made a corporation by the name of "The New England Trust Company," to be located in the City of Boston, for the purpose of holding property in trust, and for other purposes hereinafter set forth; and
Trust companies in Massachusetts were formerly incorporated only by special act. They may now be incorporated under the general incorporation law for trust companies, signed by the Governor May 25, 1904.
subject to all the duties, restrictions and liabilities set forth in all general laws which now are or may hereafter be in force in relation to such corporations.
SECTION 2. The capital stock of said corporation shall be an amount not exceeding in the whole the sum of one million dollars (as amended March 30, 1871), divided into ten thousand shares of one hundred dollars each, and the same shall be paid for at such time and in such manner as the board of directors shall decide; provided, that no business shall be transacted by the corporation until the whole amount is subscribed for, and at least one hundred thousand dollars shall have been actually paid in and invested according to law, and no shares shall be issued nor dividends made until the par value of such shares shall have been actually paid in cash.
SECTION 3. The said corporation shall have power to receive and hold moneys or property in trust or on deposit from courts of law or equity, including courts of probate and insolvency, executors, administrators, assignees, guardians, trustees, corporations or individuals, upon such terms or conditions as may be obtained or agreed upon.
SECTION 4. Any court of law or of equity, including courts of probate and insolvency of this State, may, by decree or otherwise, direct any moneys or property under its control, or that may be paid into court by the parties to any legal proceedings, or which may be brought by reason of any order or judgment in equity or otherwise, to be deposited with said corporation upon such terms and subject to such instructions as may be deemed expedient by said court; provided, however, that said corporation shall not be required to assume or execute any trust without its own assent.
SECTION 5. It shall be lawful for said corporation to invest its capital and all the moneys intrusted to it, or in any way received by it, in the authorized loans of the United States, or of any of the New England States, or cities or towns of this Commonwealth; in the stock of national banks organized within this Commonwealth; in the first mortgage bonds of any railroad company which has earned and paid regular dividends for two years next preceding such investment, or in the bonds of any such railroad company as is unincumbered by mortgage, or in the stock of such railroad companies incorporated by this State; and the said corporation may make loans upon mortgages on real estate within this Commonwealth, or upon the notes of corporations created under the laws of this Commonwealth, and the notes of individuals, with a sufficient pledge as collateral, of any of the aforesaid securities; but all real estate acquired by foreclosure of mortgages, or by levy of execution, shall be sold at public auction within two years of such foreclosure or levy.
Amended Charter-Section 2. It shall be lawful for the said corporation to invest its capital, and all moneys held by it in trust, in the authorized loans of any of the counties, cities, or towns in any of the New England States, or to loan the same to this Commonwealth, or to any county, city or town therein; and said corporation may also invest such capital and moneys in any other securities in which savings banks now are or hereafter may be allowed to invest, and shall be subject to and governed by the provisions concerning savings banks which are contained in sections one hundred and forty-three and one hundred and forty-six of chapter 57 of the General Statutes.*
* General Statutes, Chapter 57.
Section 143. "No such corporation shall hold, both by way of investment and as security for loans, more than one-half the capital stock of any bank, nor have more than seventy-five per cent. of its deposits invested in mortgages of
SECTION 6. Said corporation may hold real estate in the City of Boston, suitable for the transaction of its business, to an amount not exceeding two hundred thousand dollars.
EXAMINATION BY SAVINGS BANK COMMISSIONER.
SECTION 7. The said corporation shall semi-annually make a return to the Commissioner of Savings Banks of this Commonwealth, on or before the second Mondays of May or November, which shall be signed and sworn to by a majority of its board of directors, stating the full amount of its capital stock and of all moneys and property, in detail, in the possession or charge of said company, as deposits, trust funds, or for purposes of investment; and the Commissioner of Savings Banks shall have the same access to the vaults, books, and papers of this corporation, and it shall be his duty to inspect, examine and inquire into its affairs, and to take proceedings in regard to them in the same manner and to the same extent as if this corporation were a savings bank, subject to all the general laws which now are or hereafter may be in force in relation to such institutions in this regard.
SECTION 8. Repealed by the amended charter, and the following substituted: Section 8. Said corporation shall be subject to the provisions of chapter two hundred and eighty-three of the acts of the year eighteen hundred and sixtyfive, and any acts now existing, or which may hereafter be passed in amendment or lieu thereof; it shall also, annually, between the first and tenth days of May, return to the tax commissioner a true statement, attested by the oath of some officer of the corporation, of all personal property held upon any trust on the first day of May, which would be taxable if held by an individual trustee residing in this Commonwealth, and the name of every city or town in this Commonwealth where any beneficiary resided on said day, and the aggregate amount of such property then held for all beneficiaries resident in each of such cities and towns, and also the aggregate amount held for beneficiaries not resident in this Commonwealth, under the pains and penalties provided in section fourteen of chapter two hundred and eighty-three of the acts of the year eighteen hundred and sixtyfive, and acts in amendment thereof, for corporations failing to make the returns provided by said act. Said corporation shall annually pay to the Treasurer of the Commonwealth a sum to be ascertained by assessment upon an amount equal to the total value of such property at a rate to be ascertained and determined by the tax commissioner, under section five of chapter two hundred and eighty-three of the acts of the year eighteen hundred and sixty-five and acts in amendment thereof.
No taxes shall be assessed in any city or town for state, county, or town purposes, upon or in respect of any property held in trust as aforesaid; but such proportion of the sum so paid by said corporation, as corresponds to the amount of such property held for beneficiaries resident in this Commonwealth, shall be credited and paid to the several cities and towns where it appears, from the returns, or other evidence, that such beneficiaries resided on the first day of May next preceding, according to the aggregate amount so held in trust for beneficiaries residing in such cities and towns respectively; and, in regard to such tax so to be assessed and paid as aforesaid, said corporation shall be subject to sections eleven, twelve, thirteen, the last paragraph of section fifteen, and section seventeen, of chapter two hundred and eighty-three of the acts of the year eighteen hundred and sixty-five and acts in amendment or lieu thereof, so far as the same are applicable thereto.
real estate, nor invest more than ten per cent. thereof, and not to exceed one hundred thousand dollars, in the capital stock of any corporation."
Section 146. "No member of a committee or officer of such corporation charged with the duty of investing its funds, shall borrow or use any portion thereof, be surety for loans to others, or in any manner, directly or indirectly, be an obligor for money borrowed of or loaned by the corporation."
SECTION 9. The said corporation is also authorized to act as agent for the purpose of issuing, registering, or countersigning the certificates of stock, bonds, or other evidences of indebtedness of any corporation, association, municipality, state or public authority, and to receive and make payments on account of the same, on such terms as may be agreed upon.
SECTION 10. This act shall take effect upon its passage, and shall continue in force fifty years, unless sooner modified or terminated by the Legislature. Amended as follows-Section 4. Section eight, and so much of section ten, of chapter one hundred and eighty-two of the acts of the year eighteen hundred and sixty-nine, as limits the existence of said corporation to fifty years, is hereby repealed.
Amended Charter-Section 5. This act shall take effect whenever it shall be accepted by a vote of said corporation, at a meeting warned for the purpose. Within thirty days after such acceptance, a copy of the vote accepting the same, certified by and attested by the oath of the President, or one of the VicePresidents of the corporation, and the Secretary thereof, shall be filed in the office of the Secretary of State, and such certificate shall be conclusive evidence of such acceptance.
The amended charter was duly accepted April 15, 1871, and the proper certificate filed.
TO AMEND THE CHARTER OF THE NEW ENGLAND TRUST COMPANY. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives, in General Court assembled, and by the authority of the same, as follows:
SECTION 9. The New England Trust Company may be appointed trustee under any will or instrument creating a trust, for the care and management of property, under the same circumstances, in the same manner, and subject to the same control by the court having jurisdiction of the same, as in the case of a legally-qualified person. The capital stock of said corporation, with the liabilities of the stockholders existing thereunder, shall be held as security for the faithful discharge of the duties undertaken by virtue of this act, and no surety shall be required upon the bonds filed by said corporation. In all proceedings in the probate court or elsewhere, connected with any authority exercised under this act, all accounts, returns, and other papers may be signed and sworn to in behalf of the corporation, by any officer thereof duly authorized by it; and the answers and examinations, under oath of such officer, shall be received as the answers and examinations of the corporation, and the court may order and compel any and all officers of said corporation to answer and attend said examinations in the same manner as if they were parties to the proceedings or inquiry instead of the corporation; provided, however, that said corporation shall not be required to receive or hold any property or moneys or to execute any trust contrary to its own desire.
SECTION 2. In the management of money and property held by it as trustee under the powers conferred in the foregoing section, said corporation shall invest the same in the general trust fund of the company; provided, that it shall be competent for the authority making the appointment to direct, upon conferring the same, whether such money and property shall be held separately or invested in the general trust fund of the company; and provided, also, that said corporation shall always be bound to follow, and be entirely governed by all directions contained in any will or instrument under which it may act.
SECTION 3. No money, property, or securities received or held by said company under the provisions of this act shall be mingled with the investments of the capital stock or other moneys or property belonging to said corporation, or be liable for the debts or obligations thereof.
SECTION 4. The returns of said corporation required to be made to the Commissioners of Savings Banks shall be in the form of a trial balance of its books, and shall specify the different kinds of liabilities, and the different kinds of its assets, stating the amount of each kind, in accordance with a blank form to be furnished by said commissioners. And these returns shall be published
in a newspaper of the City of Boston, at the expense of said corporation, and in the annual report of said commissioners.
SECTION 5. This act shall take effect upon its acceptance by said corporation, which acceptance, with the date thereof, shall within ten days thereafter be certified by the President of the corporation to the Secretary of the Commonwealth.
Approved May 16, 1877.
[Accepted by the corporation at special meeting, June 1, 1877.]
TO ALLOW THE NEW ENGLAND TRUST COMPANY TO MAKE ADDITIONAL INVESTMENTS. Be it enacted, etc., as follows:
SECTION 1. The New England Trust Company, incorporated under chapter one hundred and eighty-two of the acts of the year eighteen hundred and sixtynine, may, in addition to the investments which it is authorized to make, invest the moneys intrusted to it, or in any way received by it, in the notes of manufacturing corporations created by the laws of any of the New England States, the property of which is unincumbered by mortgage, and which have paid a dividend for the two years next preceding such investment; also to take as collateral upon the notes of individuals, citizens of this state, for a period not exceeding four months, the bonds of cities in the United States containing at least one hundred thousand inhabitants, whose net indebtedness does not exceed five per cent. of the valuation of the taxable property therein, to be ascertained by the last preceding city valuation for the assessment of taxes, and selling in the market above par; provided, that said bonds shall be taken at not over eighty per cent. of the market value thereof.
SECTION 2. This act shall take effect upon its acceptance by the New England Trust Company. Approved March 16, 1882.
[Accepted April 10, 1882.]
Where general laws regulating the trust company business are in force, the special act, as stated above, may not recite the powers and limitations of the company in detail, but merely refer to the general law covering the case. The following is an illustration of such a special act:
CHARTER OF THE FEDERAL TRUST COMPANY.
COMMONWEALTH OF MASSACHUSETTS.
IN THE YEAR ONE THOUSAND EIGHT HUNDRED AND NINETY-NINE.
To Incorporate the Federal Trust Company.
(Chapter 92, Acts of 1899.)
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives in General Court assembled, and by the authority of the same, as follows:
SECTION 1. James W. Kenney, Thomas B. Fitzpatrick, Josiah S. Dean, James M. Morrison, Charles J. Connelly, John W. Horne, William J. Emerson, Thomas L. Jenks, Joseph B. Horton, Jeremiah C. Spillane, John J. Johnston, William

domain: law


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Ophthalmology Website Design
Being an ophthalmologist, you’re passionate about vision and we understand why. People rely heavily on what they see. Intrinsically, the visual appeal of your website is essential. And while you’re busy helping your patients see the world, we’re busy helping the world see you – online. With excellent web content that increases your online visibility and professional looking website designs, ProSites delivers results.
The Ultimate Website Solution™
ProSites specializes in creating highly effective websites specifically tailored to the needs of ophthalmologists and their patients. We know what works; we’ve been doing it for years. Our websites have the visual appeal that enhances your professional image, with the content and interactive features that compel visitors to become new patients.
We’re also the innovators that introduced the first website editor for medical websites. Our Website Editor gives you “point and click” control over your website. You can login to our Website Editor at any time and easily make changes to your website, such as…
- Add, edit or delete text
- Add new pages (unlimited!)
- Add/remove staff bios
- Upload patient forms
- Add photos (doctors, staff, office, etc.)
- Add videos
- Pick a new website design
- and so much more…
Our Website Editor looks and functions much like your favorite word processor, so there’s nothing to learn. In fact, you don’t have to know anything about website design. It’s that easy. If you ever do need assistance, we’ve got you covered with toll-free customer service and support. There’s a reason why we’re known as the “Ultimate Website Solution”.
Giving Visitors What They’re Looking For
Studies show that visitors make a decision to stay on (or leave) a website within just three seconds. That’s fast. This means your website had better look great. But once a visitor arrives at your website, you’ve got to keep them engaged, and we know how to do that!
Every ProSites website includes the patient-focused content and interactive features that compel visitors to take action. Service listings, procedure descriptions, conditions and treatment options, frequently asked questions and answers, and more are all provided as part of our total website solution. As an added feature, all of the content we provide can be edited to your specifications (if you desire). Plus, you can add unlimited pages of your own content whenever you like. As the saying goes, content is king. Fortunately, ProSites is the king of content.
Turning Visitors Into New Patients
Your website needs to be more than just a great looking brochure. It must clearly showcase the quality of your practice, your expertise, and your commitment to excellent patient care. When everything comes together just right, visitors become new patients. With ProSites, converting visitors into new patients is easy. Here are just a few of our great interactive features (all free of charge):
- Appointment Request Form: Both prospective and current patients can make appointment requests directly from your website.
- Contact Forms: Streamlines patient communication with respect to questions or comments.
- Ocular Health Analysis: An interactive Q&A form which helps visitors to assess the quality of their ocular health, ultimately facilitating contact with your office.
Adding “calls to action” within your website can turn visitors into new patients and encourage current patients to schedule new appointments.
The Really FREE Trial
Free trials typically involve a catch that requires you to cancel something to avoid being charged. ProSites is different. Our really free trial requires no credit card or obligation of any kind, and no need to cancel anything. If you like what you see, call us and sign up. If not, the trial will end automatically after 14 days. It's that simple.

domain: design


King Fury was scratched from Saturday’s Kentucky Derby after running a fever on Friday.
“King Fury spiked a 104-degree fever this afternoon after he galloped this morning,” trainer Kenny McPeek said in a statement released by Churchill Downs racetrack. “… I feel gutted for all of the people that worked to get him ready for this race. Unfortunately he’s not 100 percent. … We’ll regroup and point to another race.”
The four horses who were on the outside of King Fury’s post position (No. 16) will move in one spot in the starting gate, although the program numbers will remain the same.
King Fury is a son of Curlin, winner of the 2007 Preakness and Breeder’s Cup Classic and the 2008 Dubai World Cup.
His owners are Fern Circle Stables, Three Chimneys Farm and Magdalena Racing.
King Fury won the Grade 3 Stonestreet Lexington Stakes at Keeneland on April 10, ridden by Brian Hernandez Jr.
–Field Level Media


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I’ve had a Kindle e-book reader since August 2010 and an iPad since October 2011. I’ve used both to read e-books of various kinds, and I’ve come to realize that paper books can sometimes be better.
If I want to look up something technical (e.g. a programming language feature, a scientific model, or an algorithm), I find a paper book to be faster and more natural. I’m surprised, because I thought built-in search would make e-books better for looking things up. I was wrong. With paper books, getting the book from the shelf and finding what I want is all done in one natural, human sequence of motions. With e-books, first I have to find the e-book (“Is it a PDF? Maybe it’s in my Kindle Library? Is it an EPUB? Maybe it’s in my Kobo Library?”), and then I have to find what I want in that e-book.
Generally, if I want to “read” a book random-access, I find that a paper version works better. If I want to read the book from beginning to end (as is the case with fiction or biography), then e-books work great.
Also, you can have multiple paper books open at the same time, side by side, which is definitely not the case with e-books (unless you open them on your computer and have a big screen).
Also, some paper books are works of art, and the if you convert them to e-books, you get something different. I was saddened to hear that Encyclopedia Britannica has stopped printing their paper books because those books are beautiful. I have a commemorative edition of The Feynman Lectures on Physics (three volumes) and they’re wonderful to look at (and read!). Edward Tufte’s books are another example of books-as-art.
Lastly, you can sell or give away paper books that you no longer need or want. That’s not true with e-books.
In summary, I think paper books will continue to exist, more than I did a year ago. The ability to print paper books on demand, and the second-hand market for paper books, will help make them economical, so they can compete with e-books on price.
P.S. If you know of any software to help me manage and search all my e-books, please let me know! Delicious Library looked promising, but it can’t search inside my e-books.
Photo credits: The photo of some O’Reilly books is by zugaldia on Flickr and is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 License.

domain: library


Letter: High school should be recyclingMr. Chris Sheehan, the new agriculture teacher at the high school, started a program where students could recycle plastic bottles and aluminum cans.
By: Emily Clerico, Red Wing, The Republican Eagle
To the Editor:
Mr. Chris Sheehan, the new agriculture teacher at the high school, started a program where students could recycle plastic bottles and aluminum cans. The school never did this before, so it was a nice change.
The students created boxes for the bottles and cans, placed them in each room of the school and emptied them at least once a week. This program ran from early October just up until a couple weeks ago.
Our principal and janitor went around the school and took away every box that was placed in the classrooms. Their reasoning was: “It gave students the impression that they could bring colored drinks to class.”
Truth is, students bring colored drinks to class anyway and always have. So why not keep recycling the bottles and do some good with it?
Teachers are the majority to put cans and bottles into the boxes. They have a soda machine in the teachers’ lounge and I see them with them almost all of the school day.
The students and Mr. Sheehan were not very happy when they received the news about not being able to recycle anymore.
We should keep recycling and maybe pay more attention to the students in the hallways bringing drinks to class. It’s not the earth’s fault that people turn a blind eye to students.


This article will tell you about the working of the phone signal booster. Mobile phones are widely used devices all around the world. The poor signals can make the conversation unhappy and it can be a real disaster.
In this busy world, people want to communicate with others regardless of the time and their location. They want to reach other people at the other end quickly and easily. If there is no possibility of this situation, it feels like an empty life. In this point, a mobile signal booster comes into existence.
Working of a cellular signal booster:
Its working is pretty simple and your phone communicates with tower with the help of radiofrequency (RF) signals.
- The booster detects and collects the weak signals which are tough for your phone to detect.
- It also helps to avoid various obstacles that dim or weak signals.
- The weak signals are amplified and are made to a useable level.
- The amplifying signals used by your phone or other cellular device are broadcasted to the interior space.
And this process is reversed when a signal is transmitted back to the tower from your mobile phone. The regular mobile signal booster or amplifier itself features some of the components that include a cell signal booster box, two antennas, cables, and a power supply.
A vodafone booster system consists of three components namely,
- Outside antenna – This antenna is mounted on the external unit and is communicated with the cell phone tower.
- Booster unit – This device boosts or amplifies the faint signals and it is fixed in storage space.
- Inside antenna – This antenna is placed inside a building or on ceiling of the space in order to distribute the amplified signal to that space which can be used by cellular devices.
Steps involved in the working of a cellular signal booster:
- At first, the antenna which is in outside catches the faint signals.
- Then, the signals that are caught by antenna is sent to booster box of the mobile signal.
- In this step, the signal is boosted or amplified by booster.
- After that, the signals which or which are amplified is sent to an antenna that is inside the building.
- In the final step, the signals that can be used are transmitted to your mobile phone.
Nonetheless, despite their differences, every booster devices follow the same operating principle.


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Walking is one of the most primal of exercises that one can do and yet benefits of walking are one of the most underrated ones.
Now, if you’re not that much into walking then there are few things that you should know about already.
Do you know that diabetes patients are suggested to do brisk walking in order to control their blood sugar levels? See this one exercise works as a cure for a quite harmful diseases such as diabetes.
So, all in all, we can definitely say that walking is such a good one in your bag of exercises but let us convince you some more, for that’s what we always do.
Burns Calories, Gets You Slimmer
That’s a obvious one, when you walk for a good amount of time, it burns calories. About 20,000 steps a day will help you burn about 300 Kcal and that’s not a small number.
Works as an Energy Booster
Exercise gives us energy boost and brisk walking sure follow up with that fact. After sweating up once in a day with brisk walking, you feel more rejuvenated and fresh, which in turn results in getting a energy boost.
Due to taking a brisk walk, you increase the oxygen flow in your body and also observe a release of hormones such as norepinephrine, and epinephrine, which bring please and boost energy.
Streghten The Body
Obvioulsy! Any amount of stress that you put on your body in physical form ends up strengthening it only. Which is the same case with walking as it improves muscle definition and improves the movement of joints.
Research shows that walking cures anxiety and you might have often heard stories of successful people going on long walks during tough time.
The reason being that while walking we’re stressing our body up to a certain level which is not too much along with the fact that we’re constantly changing environment and that works as a reliever most of the time.
Keep Blood Sugar Level in Check
As we said earlier, walking helps in keeping blood sugar levels in check.
Now, if you know what it means already then let us tell you why? Well! The answer would be that walking help in proper digestion and in turn helps lowering the blood sugar level as well.
That’s why doctors recommend a post-eating walk for diabetic and normal person as well, Benefits of walking are numerous so the next time you feel that walking is not effective give that a second thought.

domain: medical


A group of researchers stumbled upon a grisly scene during a field study in Macedonia last year: a dead nose-horned viper with a centipede's head sticking out of its ruptured abdomen.
After a post-mortem, the scientists think it's possible that the centipede quite literally eviscerated the snake from the inside out.
"All of us were astonished, as nobody has ever seen something like this," Ljiljana Tomović, a herpetologist at the University of Belgrade, told Live Science in an email. [Amazing Images of Snakes Around the World]
Tomović and colleagues were tagging reptiles on May 14, 2013, on Macedonia's Golem Grad, a 44-acre (18 hectares) island in Lake Prespa that's crowded with thousands of tortoises, tens of thousands of dice snakes and hundreds of vipers. The remnants of the death match were discovered when one researcher, Dragan Arsovski, turned over a stone, Tomović said.
The unfortunate nose-horned viper (Vipera ammodytes) was a young female that stretched about 2 inches longer than the centipede (7.9 vs. 6 inches, or 20.3 vs. 15.4 centimeters), the researchers wrote last month in a brief report published in the journal Ecologica Montenegrina. But the centipede (Scolopendra cingulate) was actually heavier than the snake, tipping the scales at 114 percent of the snake's body weight (4.8 vs. 4.2 grams, or 0.17 vs. 0.14 ounces).
Nose-horned vipers regularly take on small mammals, lizards and birds, and they've been known to eat centipedes successfully, too. But in this particular case, the snake "gravely underestimated" the size and strength of its prey, the scientist wrote.
A dissection revealed that the snake's visceral organs were missing, or in other words, "the entire volume of its body was occupied by the centipede," the scientists wrote. For this reason, the researchers think it's possible the snake's dinner tried to claw its way out, destroying the viper's internal organs along the way, before eventually dying.
"In general, this invertebrate is extremely tough: It is very hard to kill a full-grown Scolopendra (personal observation)," the authors of the study wrote of the centipede. "Therefore, we cannot dismiss the possibility that the snake had swallowed the centipede alive, and that, paradoxically, the prey has eaten its way through the snake, almost reaching its freedom."
Editor's note: This story was updated at 9:30 a.m. EDT on April 17 to add researcher comments.
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Trey Sermon is one of the most promising young running backs in the NFL. He was expected to make a big impact for the San Francisco 49ers this season, but unfortunately, he has been ruled out for Week 1 of the season.
This has raised a lot of questions about why he is out and what this means for the 49ers’ offense. In this article, we will explore the reasons why Trey Sermon is out for Week 1 and what this could mean for the team’s success this season.
Why is Trey Sermon Out Week 1?
Trey Sermon Suffered a Hamstring Injury
Trey Sermon, running back for the San Francisco 49ers, is out for Week 1 of the 2021 NFL season due to a hamstring injury. Sermon sustained the injury during practice and did not participate in the team’s season-opening game against the Detroit Lions.
The injury is expected to sideline Sermon for at least a few weeks, placing a significant burden on the 49ers’ running back depth.
Trey Sermon’s Injury is a Big Blow to the 49ers
Sermon was expected to be an integral part of the 49ers’ offense this season and his absence is a major blow to the team. The 49ers had already lost starting running back Raheem Mostert to a season-ending knee injury and now they will have to rely on backup running backs Jeff Wilson Jr.
and Jerick McKinnon to fill the void. Without Sermon, the 49ers are thin at the running back position and will have to rely heavily on their passing attack.
Trey Sermon’s Absence Could Impact 49ers’ Game Plan
Without Sermon, the 49ers’ game plan could be impacted significantly. They will likely have to lean more heavily on their passing attack, which could put added pressure on quarterback Jimmy Garoppolo to perform.
Additionally, the 49ers will have to rely on Wilson Jr. and McKinnon to carry the load in the running game, which could limit their options on offense.
49ers Still Expect to Win Despite Trey Sermon’s Absence
Despite Sermon’s absence, the 49ers still expect to win their season opener against the Lions. The team is still confident in their ability to move the ball on offense and their defense is one of the best in the league.
If the 49ers are able to take advantage of a weak Lions team, they should be able to come away with a victory.
Trey Sermon’s Timeline for Return is Unclear
At this point, it is unclear when Sermon will be able to return to the field. The 49ers have not provided an exact timeline for his recovery, but it is expected that it will take at least a few weeks before he is ready to play again.
Until then, the 49ers will have to make do without him as they try to get off to a good start in 2021.
Why Did Trey Sermon Get Released?
Trey Sermon was released from the team on Wednesday, Aug. This was to make room for offensive guard Blake Hance, who was claimed off waivers from the Cleveland Browns. Sermon had been receiving praise from the team prior to his release.
The release of Sermon was an unexpected move by the team. The team wanted to make room for a new addition to the offensive line. Blake Hance was chosen due to his experience and ability. Sermon had been competing on the team, but was not chosen to stay.
The team needed to make a decision, and Sermon was the one to be released. ESPN senior NFL insider Adam Schefter reported on this move. Despite his praise, Trey Sermon was released by the team.
Did the 49ers Release Trey Sermon?
The San Francisco 49ers have released running back Trey Sermon, while keeping rookie Jordan Mason on their roster. This decision was made by the team’s general manager John Lynch, and has been a topic of discussion among the NFL community.
This article will explain the events leading up to the release of Trey Sermon, the reasoning behind the move, and how this could affect the team going forward.
background on Trey Sermon
Trey Sermon was signed by the 49ers as an undrafted free agent out of Oklahoma in April 2021. Sermon had a successful collegiate career, including a breakout senior season in which he rushed for 1,165 yards and 15 touchdowns.
He had also earned All-Big 12 and All-American honors in 2020. Sermon looked to be a promising addition for the 49ers, but his role on the team was up in the air with the emergence of fellow rookie Jordan Mason.
jordan Mason Emerges
Jordan Mason was selected by the 49ers in the fifth round of the 2021 NFL Draft. Mason was a standout at Georgia Tech, rushing for over 1,000 yards in both of his last two seasons. He also showed an ability to catch the ball out of the backfield, and seemed to fit the 49ers’ offense perfectly.
With Mason and Sermon vying for the same job, the 49ers had to make a decision.
decision to Release Trey Sermon
John Lynch made the decision to release Trey Sermon and keep Jordan Mason on the roster. Lynch explained that Mason was the better fit for the 49ers’ system, and had more upside than Sermon. Lynch also stated that Mason had potential to be a three-down back, while Sermon was more of a one-dimensional player.
impact of Release
The release of Trey Sermon could have an impact on the 49ers going forward. With Sermon gone, Mason will now be the primary backup to Raheem Mostert. This could mean more touches for Mason, and could potentially lead to an increase in production from him.
Mason also has the potential to become the team’s starting running back if Mostert is injured or unable to play. The release of Sermon could be beneficial for the 49ers in the long run, but only time will tell.
Why Did Trey Sermon Leave Ok?
Trey Sermon announced that he was transferring from Oklahoma to Ohio State in January 2021. The primary reason for his transfer was personal, citing his need to move closer to his family. He also said that he wanted to pursue a new degree and take advantage of a new opportunity.
His transfer was a surprise to many, as he had been an integral part of the Oklahoma offense for the last three seasons.
Graduate Transfer Rule
Sermon was a graduate transfer, meaning he was allowed to transfer to another school without having to sit out a season. This rule allows players who have already earned their degree to move to another school and use their final year of eligibility without having to wait a year.
Sermon was able to take advantage of this rule and move to Ohio State without having to sit out a season.
Performance at Oklahoma
Sermon had been a consistent contributor to the Oklahoma offense since he joined the team in 2017. He had rushed for over 1,000 yards in each of the past two seasons and was an All-Big 12 performer in 2019.
He was also an integral part of the team’s run to the College Football Playoff in 2020. His steady performance at Oklahoma made his decision to transfer all the more surprising.
Ohio State Opportunity
Sermon’s timing for seeking a transfer wound up being convenient for Ohio State. In spring ball, OSU running back Master Teague suffered a knee injury which at the time was said could keep him out up to six months.
With Teague potentially missing a large portion of the season, Sermon’s arrival provided the team with an experienced and proven option at the position.
Sermon is expected to be an immediate contributor for Ohio State this season. He has the talent and experience to be a major contributor for the Buckeyes and could help lead them to a championship. His presence could also open up the field for other Ohio State running backs such as Steele Chambers and Miyan Williams.
Whether he’s at Oklahoma or Ohio State, Sermon is sure to make an impact.
Why Did 49ers Waive Trey Sermon?
Need for More Depth on the Offensive Line
The San Francisco 49ers have decided to waive running back Trey Sermon in order to create more depth on the offensive line. The 49ers recently claimed offensive lineman Blake Hance off waivers from the Cleveland Browns and needed to free up a roster spot.
By releasing Sermon, they were able to do so and add a player that can provide depth to their offensive line.
Trey Sermon’s Performance
Sermon was signed by the 49ers in March of 2021 and had seen limited action during the regular season. He had only played in three games, and he had only gained a total of 39 yards on the ground. He was also not used in the passing game, as he had zero receptions for zero yards.
While Sermon was a capable back, the 49ers needed more depth on the offensive line, so they chose to waive him.
The Blake Hance Acquisition
The 49ers decided to claim Blake Hance off waivers from the Cleveland Browns. Hance was a fourth-round draft pick in 2020 and had seen limited action with the Browns. He is expected to provide much-needed depth to the 49ers offensive line and could compete for a starting job.
What’s Next for Trey Sermon?
Sermon is now a free agent, and he could be picked up by another team. He has shown that he can be an effective running back when given the opportunity and could provide depth to an NFL team. It will be interesting to see which team takes a chance on him.
The San Francisco 49ers have decided to waive running back Trey Sermon in order to make room for the addition of offensive lineman Blake Hance, who they claimed off waivers from the Cleveland Browns. Sermon had seen limited action with the 49ers and had not been very productive.
The 49ers needed more depth on their offensive line, so they decided to waive Sermon and add Hance. It will be interesting to see what team picks up Sermon and how he performs if given the opportunity.
Trey Sermon is a talented young running back who was expected to make a big impact for the 49ers this season. Unfortunately, he has been ruled out for Week 1 due to a knee injury. While this is certainly a blow to the team, they have other talented running backs who should be able to step up in his absence.
Ultimately, it is yet to be seen how this will affect the team’s performance this season, but as always, the 49ers will remain focused on their goal of winning a championship.
Bushnell Tour V3 is an advanced golfing GPS device that helps you improve your game. It has a range of features, such as shot tracking and analysis, plus it connects to the internet for easy updates and access to online resources.
There is no right or wrong answer when it comes to Skechers. People can wear them for different reasons and styles.
Making a Pitchers Mound out of wood is a fun and easy way to add some extra interest to your backyard. All you need is a few pieces of wood, a drill, and some screws.
Caps are the official headwear of rugby union. They protect players from injuries that could potentially end their careers, such as concussions.
No, you cannot wear molded cleats on turf. Molded cleats are designed for use on hard surfaces like concrete and asphalt, and they can damage the surface of a turf field.
The Catfish Hunter Hall of Fame is a prestigious award that honors America’s greatest catfish anglers. It was established in and since then, only a handful of individuals have been bestowed with this honor.

domain: news


text:
Dose-Dependent Antifibrotic Effect of Chrysin on Regression of Liver Fibrosis: The Role in Extracellular Matrix Remodeling.
Dose Response. 2018 Jul-Sep;16(3):1559325818789835. Epub 2018 Aug 8. PMID: 30108459
Liver fibrosis represents an overaccumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM). This study was designed to investigate the effect of chrysin on established ECM overproduction in carbon tetrachloride (CCl) mouse liver fibrosis. Experimental fibrosis was induced by intraperitoneal injection of 2 mL/kg CCltwice a week, for 7 weeks. Mice were orally treated with 3 doses of chrysin (5,7-dihydroxyflavone). For the assessment of the spontaneous reversion of fibrosis, CCl-treated mice were investigated after 2 weeks of recovery time. Silymarin was used as a standard of liver protection. In fibrotic livers, the results showed the upregulation of collagen I (Col I) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1) and modulation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), which led to an altered ECM enriched in Col, confirmed as well by electron microscopy investigations. Treatment with chrysin significantly reduced ultrastructural changes, downregulated Col I, and restored TIMP-1/MMP balance, whereas in the group observed for the spontaneous regression of fibrosis, they remained in the same pattern with fibrotic livers. In this study, we have shown chrysin efficacy to attenuate dose-dependent CCl-stimulated liver ECM accumulation by regulation of MMP/TIMP imbalance and inhibition of Col production. We have shown the dose-dependent chrysin efficiency in attenuation of CCl4-induced liver ECM accumulation by regulation of MMP/TIMP imbalance and inhibition of Col production. Our findings suggest that chrysin oral administration may introduce a new strategy for treating liver fibrosis in humans.

domain: biology


text:
Posts tagged France
Posts tagged France
Pharmacie du Point Central, Nancy, France
Photos by Steve Silverman
A commercial building that seems to be somewhere in between Nouveau and Deco.
I’m not positive, but I would guess this was an industrial complex. The tags say Paris.
Three Modern airport in France, with nice explanation (below).
Art Deco : 3 french airports.
Officially born in Paris during the “Exposition des Arts Décoratifs” in 1925, the art-deco mouvement has strongly influenced the international architecture between the two world wars.
Airfields need buildings to host travelers as they are waiting for their plane to be ready or to welcome them when they arrive. The first french Airport in Paris - Le Bourget was built in art-deco style. Bordeaux and Lyon, two other major french towns built their own at the same period, using the same architectural style.
Photographies presented in the current Art-Deco temporay exhibition in Paris.
by Sébastien Dervieux
This beauty reminds me of an ocean liner, perhaps the Normandie.
by Marie-Hélène Cingal
Above-the-door detail of a hotel.
L… Le Mans
Le Mans, France
Deco bus depot.
L… Le Havre
Avenue Foch, Le Havre, France
by Yvette Gauthier
Deco sculpture on a building on Avenue Foch, Le Havre. The reliefs illustrate the history of the city.
Le Cinéma “Palace,” Avignon, France
There is quite a lot of really interested Deco in France, and I admit I need to post more of it. But for now, take a gander at this inspiring bit of theater front.
Gare de Dijon, Dijon, France
Resuming the alphabet of Deco, here we are in the D’s again.
Hôtel des Postes, Caen, France
Photo by Oliver & Karl
Magnificent hotel in Caen. A great many more photos of the hotel from the same photographer/s can be found on Flickr starting here (then click Next).
From Flickr (with translation):
This photo was taken on August 13, 2008 in Caen, Basse-Normandie, FR, using a Canon Digital IXUS 75.
Hôtel des postes
Depuis la place Gambetta
Hôtel des postes construit par Pierre Chirol en 1932 dans un style art déco pour remplacer l’ancien bâtiment construit au XIXe le long de la rue de l’hôtel de ville (actuelle rue Jean Eudes).
L’angle de la rue Auber (place de la République) et de la rue Georges Lebret a été détruit pendant la bataille de Caen et reconstruit à l’identique (voir sur le site Caen et la SGM).
Les façades et la toiture sont inscrites aux monuments historiques depuis le 10 août 2010 (STAP du Calvados).
From Place Gambetta Hotel positions built by Pierre Chirol in 1932 in art deco style to replace the old building built in the nineteenth along the street from the city hall (now rue Jean Eudes). The angle of the Rue Auber (Republic Square) and St Georges Lebret was destroyed during the Battle of Caen and rebuilt identically (see site Caen and SGM). Facades and roof are listed historical monument since August 10, 2010 (STAP Calvados).

domain: history


Texas A&M lives up to its #5 national seed by beating Louisville in the first two games of a three-game series in the College Station Super Regional. In head coach Jim Schlossnagle’s first season, the Aggies will participate in the College World Series for the first time since 2017.
OUR GOD IS AN AWESOME GOD pic.twitter.com/7nZ3sizS3O— string (@propjoesays) June 11, 2022
In Omaha, the Aggies will play double elimination ball, beginning with a matchup versus Oklahoma or Virginia Tech. The College World Series begins on Friday, June 17th.
HULLABALOO CANEK CANEK#RoadToOmaha x #GigEm pic.twitter.com/sq98VTzW1j— Texas A&M Baseball (@AggieBaseball) June 11, 2022
Was this bad shirt actually good luck?


Phase I ESA Frequently Asked Questions
Will my lender find your report acceptable?
In most cases the answer is yes (99.9% of time). In our 16 years of existence as an Environmental Firm – we have never had a client have a Phase 1 Environmental Site Assessment rejected by their lender.
How Long is a Phase I ESA Good For?
A Phase I ESA is valid for the period of one year. This is dependent on the fact that necessary updates will be performed between six months and one year. At the end of the year, the Phase I Environmental Site Assessment will need to be repeated.
How Long Does A Phase 1 ESA Take?
A Phase I ESA will generally take two to three weeks to complete on average. Essel Environmental’s turnaround time for conducting and completing a Phase 1 Environmental Site Assessment is usually two weeks and sometimes faster. But if our search for files at local environmental agencies shows there to be a file for the subject property, it may take a slightly longer time to complete the ESA report (usually one week). This is caused by the need to schedule an appointment to review the file and is dependent upon appointment availability from said government agency.
What Are the Phase 1 Environmental Site Assessment ASTM Standards?
Because the ASTM standard for conducting a Phase I ESA is copyrighted, we are unable to post a copy of it here. However, you can read a summary of the standard by visiting the following site: http://www.astm.org/Standards/E1527.htm. Plus, you can obtain a copy of the standard at the American Society of Testing & Materials.
Why Choose a Phase 1 ESA?
When acquiring properties (usually commercial and industrial sites), an environmental site assessment will be needed, and to analyze a property’s historical use and to learn if a potential for use of hazardous materials is present as well as any release from the site. A Phase 1 Environmental Site Assessment is conducted for commercial and industrial properties, rural land, open undeveloped land, residential multi-family properties, and for other land that can be obtained in any real estate transaction.
The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA) was enacted by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in 1980. Mainly known as the Superfund, CERCLA acœcreated a tax on the chemical and petroleum industries and provided broad federal authority to respond directly to releases or threatened releases of hazardous substances that may endanger public health or the environment.
In accordance with CERCLA, a property manager, owner, lender or lessor could be liable, from virtue of ownership or control of a property, for the remediation of hazardous substances in the groundwater and/or soil that may exist on a site, despite the fact that the previous property owner did not cause and/or contribute to the contamination. Phase 1 Environmental Site Assessment companies provide due diligence with a innocent landowner defense for prospective property purchasers and lenders.
The Phase I Environmental Site Assessment entails a scope of work that must meet the technical requirements stated in the ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) guidelines which were published as Standard Practice for Environmental Site Assessments: Phase 1 Environmental Site Assessment Process (Standard E 1527). This practice of ASTM is meant to allow a user to fulfill one of any requirements essential to qualifying for an innocent landowner, relevant property owner, or true prospective purchaser the limitations existent under CERCLA liability statute.
ASTM released a new standard called the Standard Practice for Environmental Site Assessments: Phase 1 Environmental Site Assessment Process (ASTM Standard E1527-05) in 2005. This practice has the purpose of defining good commercial and customary practice in the United States with regards to conducting an ESA of a commercial real estate parcel. This of course, entails respect to the range of contaminants that lies within the scope of Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA) (42 U.S.C. 9601) and for petroleum products.
Therefore, the intention of this practice is to allow a user to satisfy one of the requirements to qualify for the innocent landowner, relevant property owner, or true prospective purchaser for the limitations under the CERCLA liability statute.
The EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) also published the final All Appropriate Inquiry (AAI) Rule (40 CFR Part 312), Standards and Practices for All Appropriate Inquiries; Final Rule in 2005 (read the Final Rule here). This AAI standard establishes the specific regulatory requirements for conducting all appropriate inquiries. This includes inquiries into previous ownership, environmental conditions and uses of a property for purposes of qualifying for selective landowner liability protections under CERCLA.
Phase 1 Environmental Site Assessment companies now (since November 1, 2006) must comply with requirements of the All Appropriate Inquiries Final Rule, or follow the standards that are set forth in the ASTM E 1527 “ 05 Phase I ESA process, and do so to satisfy the statutory requirements for conducting all appropriate inquiries. Thus, all appropriate inquiries must be conducted in compliance with either of these standards under CERCLA to acquire protection from potential liability as an innocent landowner, a relevant property owner or a true prospective purchaser.
ASTM amended the old 2005 standard in 2013 to a new standard called the Standard Practice for Environmental Site Assessments: Phase 1 Environmental Site Assessment Process (ASTM Standard E1527-13). As it is, the changes were mainly editorial, and the standard remains substantially unchanged.
What Is the Difference Between a Phase I ESA and a Phase II ESA?
A Phase 1 Environmental Site Assessment report consists of conducting an inspection of the property; researching historical use; analyzing local groundwater conditions and reviewing known local environmental liabilities. A Phase 2 Environmental Site Assessment consists mainly of collecting groundwater and/or soil samples to discover if significant concentrations and amounts of contaminants are present on the property.
What exactly is a Phase 2 ESA report?
A Phase 2 environmental site assessment is the process in which soil samples are taken from the property and analyzed in a lab to assess the lateral and vertical impact of the soil, groundwater or vapor underneath the surface. A Phase 2 assessment is usually recommended when a Phase 1 Environmental Site Assessment finds what is considered a recognized environmental condition and is done to screen/test the groundwater and/or soil for any potential significant environmental liabilities. This is to determine if use and previous storage of chemicals on a property may have released regulated substances into the ground which might be affecting property value.
Who is allowed to conduct a Phase 1 Environmental Site Assessment under EPA regulations?
Only individuals and Phase 1 Environmental Site Assessment companies with the required work experience and an appropriate education in environmental assessment can conduct Phase 1 ESA reports. This is in accordance with the AAI Rule or All Appropriate Inquiries Rule (40 Code of Federal Regulations, Part 312).
What is a Phase 1 Environmental Site Assessment?
A Phase I ESA includes a thorough review of environmental databases; an onsite inspection; interviews with occupants, owners, relevant agencies and nearby properties; analyses of local geologic conditions; and reviewing historical records and data of the subject property. An ESA needs to follow the latest ASTM Standard E-1527-13 regulations (which became effective on December 31, 2013). The report serves the purpose of determining if there are any potential or known environmental liabilities for said property. Such liabilities can consist of toxic-tort liability, regulatory-required cleanup, regulated waste disposal, land-use restrictions, human health exposure, and the potential for civil liability for nearby property devaluation.
Are mold techs, asbestos tech and home inspectors allowed to conduct a Phase 1 ESA?
The answer is NO. In accordance with EPA regulations, these individuals are not allowed to conduct a Phase 1 ESA report unless they meet the qualifications of being an environmental professional. Environment professionals need to include a statement of qualifications in the Phase 1 reports they conduct, thus proving their experience and education for conducting an ESA.


text:
"A painter paints pictures on canvas. But musicians paint their pictures on silence." - Leopold Stokowski
Working for Seattle Music Therapy
Are you a Board Certified Music Therapist who is interested in joining the Seattle Music Therapy team? We'd love to see your resume! Please send it via email to email@example.com, or you can copy it into the message section of the form below. Please write "Resume, (Your Name)" in the subject line. We're looking forward to speaking with you!

domain: artistic


text:
These playful dogs are sure to bring a smile to your face! Their happiness is infectious - perch on a window sill, counter, or next to your computer to brighten your day, every day!
What turns an ordinary animal figurine into a Little Guy? Personality! Little Guys are happy, playful, sassy, and sometimes even a bit silly— perfect collectible buddies to hand around your home during the holidays, or perch on your windowsill or computer all year long! Each Little Guy is hand sculpted and painted, so no two are exactly alike.
- Each sculpture measures approximately 1 1/2 “ tall
- sold individually
- Crafted entirely by hand, so no two are exactly alike
About Cindy Pacileo
Cindy Pacileo has loved the outdoors her entire life. As a child, she went for long walks every week with her family, and learned to love the shapes and colors of the woods and the creatures who made it their home.
She fell in love with pen and ink drawing, and was especially fascinated with creating textured patterns. This love of texture shows up strongly in her clay work, where she uses seashells, lace, and seed pods to texture details like owl eyes, llama fur, and bird wings.
Cindy began sculpting small animals in clay in 1972, and three years later moved her studio to the mountains of North Carolina - where Little Guys came into being. She still pinches the personality into each Little Guy herself - and hand draws each little smile.

domain: hobby


text:
Jan. 13, 2023
In this Q&A, Samir Babayev, M.D., a reproductive endocrinologist at Mayo Clinic, responds to questions about ovarian tissue cryopreservation and autotransplantation and services offered at Mayo Clinic in Minnesota.
What has changed at Mayo Clinic for ovarian tissue preservation and autotransplant?
The age range for ovarian cryopreservation has evolved at Mayo Clinic's Minnesota campus. We also are now ready to start autotransplant of cryopreserved ovaries.
Mayo Clinic has a long history of performing ovarian cryopreservation for pediatric patients whose cancer treatment is expected to affect their fertility. This service has been led by Asma J. Chattha, M.B.B.S., a pediatric gynecologist at Mayo Clinic's Minnesota campus.
In addition to providing this service to children, we now serve many adult patients with cancer or cancer-like conditions.
When I started at Mayo Clinic in 2019, I brought with me knowledge of autotransplant for cryopreserved ovarian tissue. I trained at New York Medical College under Kutluk Oktay, M.D., Ph.D., now at Yale School of Medicine, who pioneered cryopreserved ovarian transplant.
What has changed in the field of reproductive medicine for ovarian tissue cryopreservation and autotransplantation?
There have been significant changes. In 2019, the Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine proclaimed that ovarian tissue cryopreservation and autotransplant should no longer be considered experimental. Instead, the committee declared that these procedures should be considered standard of care. This shift expedites the process for patients, as Institutional Review Board approval is no longer needed. Removal of the experimental label also helps with payer coverage for these procedures.
Who is eligible for these procedures?
Candidates include prepubertal girls through adult women who have not gone through menopause and require urgent treatment for cancer or cancer-like conditions. In these cases, the patient cannot pause treatment for ovarian stimulation and oocyte freezing. The targeted, high-dose chemotherapy used prior to treatments such as bone marrow transplant will kill off the patient's eggs. For these patients — and for patients with diseases such as intracranial tumors or advanced breast cancer — the only fertility option is to freeze ovarian tissue. The tissue remains frozen until the patient completes therapy and is ready to have children. The patient also needs to be cured of the disease and healthy before transplant.
What is the procedure for ovarian tissue cryopreservation?
We remove only one ovary to provide for the possibility of natural hormonal function restoration, which does happen occasionally. Before cryopreservation, the ovarian tissue is divided into smaller pieces. This decreases volume and allows better penetration of the antifreeze we use to extract water from the cells, deflating them and preventing damage.
We previously used a slow ovarian tissue freezing method at Mayo Clinic. Now we do flash freezing, immediately freezing the tissue to 170 degrees Fahrenheit below zero. We use this method as it allows freezing before the antifreeze can affect the cells, but we do not do so to the point of freeze-drying. Some reproductive endocrinologists still do slow freezing for ovarian tissue. However, the field is moving in favor of flash freezing.
We often combine ovary removal for cryopreservation with other procedures such as chemotherapy port installation to reduce the number of procedures and sedations a patient needs to undergo.
Is there anything notable that has changed as autotransplantation has evolved?
Yes. One notable aspect has been the anatomical location of the autotransplant. The early autotransplants were performed heterotopically — outside of the usual location for an ovary — such as in the forearm. The reason for this is that if the ovarian tissue was transplanted into the same place from which it was removed, it would be difficult to tell if the transplant worked, rather than an awakening of the remaining ovary that was not removed. Next, reproductive endocrinologists performed autotransplants on the opposite side from the removed ovary, for the same purpose. From a purely practical perspective, if the patient decides to pursue in vitro fertilization (IVF), that process is easier with a heterotopic transplant. Now that reproductive endocrinologists have seen that orthotopic ovarian transplant works well, heterotopic transplant is less common. The surgeon usually performs an orthotopic transplant at the site of the previous ovary or right below it.
It is also notable that once the ovarian tissue is put back into the patient, the main portion of the tissue dies until revascularization. It is not a quick process.
Do most patients and their physicians plan for natural birth or IVF after transplant?
In a study of hundreds of patients' ovarian transplants and more than 200 pregnancies published in a 2019 issue of Fertility and Sterility, more than half resulted in natural conception. Up to two-thirds of women who have ovarian transplant prefer the natural conception route.
Is there any downside to a patient pursuing natural pregnancy after transplant?
Yes, there is. The issue is the longevity of the tissue transplanted. As mentioned, much of the tissue dies. The longevity of the remaining tissue is less than three years, on average. Natural conception is not as efficient as IVF.
Is IVF post-transplant the same as for someone who did not undergo ovarian tissue transplant?
No, IVF is different after ovarian transplant, such as:
- Tissue pressure is much higher.
- Follicles are smaller.
- The egg collection process is different.
- Peak estrogen levels are different.
Do most women who undergo ovarian cryopreservation return for transplant?
One-third come back for transplantation.
Are many medical centers doing cryopreservation and ovarian tissue autotransplantation?
Approximately 20 medical centers perform ovarian tissue cryopreservation in the U.S., according to the Oncofertility Consortium. However, only a handful of centers offer ovarian tissue transplant in the U.S.
If a patient underwent ovarian tissue cryopreservation at one medical center and would like to have ovarian tissue transplant elsewhere, is that possible?
Yes, it is possible. For example, here at Mayo Clinic's campus in Minnesota, we would be happy to arrange for a specialized shipment of a patient's cryopreserved ovarian tissue for autotransplant at our medical center.
Are you accepting referrals for ovarian tissue cryopreservation and transplant?
For more information
Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine. Fertility preservation in patients undergoing gonadotoxic therapy or gonadectomy: a committee opinion. Fertility and Sterility. 2019;112:1022.
Andersen ST, et al. Ovarian stimulation and assisted reproductive technology outcomes in women transplanted with cryopreserved ovarian tissue: A systematic review. Fertility and Sterility. 2019;112:908.
Clinic finder. The Oncofertility Consortium.
Obstetrics and Gynecology Referrals.
Refer a patient to Mayo Clinic.


Official representative of laser-welding equipment manufacturer O.R. Lasertechnologie GmbH in the Baltic States. Laser-welding services, repair of injection moulds and dies, restoration of metal surface defects. Sales and service of laser-welding, marking, engraving, laser-cladding and cutting equipment.
Technologies: Sawing, Milling, CNC milling, Hardening, MIG/MAG welding, TIG welding, Laser welding, Repair of moulds, stamps and dies
Subcontracting to customers in various industries looking for the finest laser welding and sealing services, for the precision joining of components to solve challenging joint configurations.
We produce: Hard- and soft-cover books, promotional materials, calendars; and provide a wide range of services also related to pre/post-printing processing.
Our many years of experience have really improved and strengthened business relations with those customers choosing to use our services today. Our objective is to develop long-term relationships – this is our business card, the benchmark of quality for our company.
Almost all of our customers are advertising agencies and publishing houses. This is not really a surprise, because our staff is familiar with our partners’ potential issues, which enables us to achieve the best results in resolving such problems.
The company "Installs" is well established wholesaler of cable and electrical materials. The company offer high quality wires, cables and other electrical materials from more than 50 European and international manufactures at the competitive prices in the Latvian and Baltic markets.
We offer our customers flexible service and fast deliveries.
Electrical wholesales companies that deals with cables and automatics industries.
Delivery of pre-insulated pipe systems; feasibility studies for district heating systems; design of pre-insulated pipe systems for district heating in accordance with EN 13941 AC; design of boiler houses.
District heating companies, design offices.
Company STAFOR primary directions of work is:
1) All for wood:
2) Building materials:
3) Heat transfer fluids:
4) Ion heating boilers
5) Thermodynamic systems
See business profile!


text:
I never get much time to write, much less blog, but I keep trying to write as it is indeed my first love. This week, I was invited by my friend and fellow editor Brett Colasacco of Sightings asked me to write a response to the canonization of St. Mother Teresa of Calcutta. I focused on her experience of the dark night of the soul. You can read it here or click the image below.
Those who suffer from their own dark nights of the soul often feel as if they are doing something wrong—as if their faith were somehow weak because of these interior struggles. Mother Teresa, like her patrons St. Teresa of Avila and St. Thérèse of Lisieux, is an example to the countless souls who pursue a spiritual life of charity but are frustrated by feelings of doubt, loneliness, and depression. They now have a contemporary champion, someone who shows the way to a faithful selflessness, who could work for the good of others despite, or because of, her own struggles.
…on his show discussing mental health, showing charity, and the strange effects of altitude sickness. While my connection kept getting lost, I really enjoyed this conversation and hope that it helps some folks.
You can give ‘er a listen at this link.
And if you’re not tired of my voice, yet, I have a new season of the Catholic Exchange Podcast coming up and you can listen to my latest interview with Dr. Kevin Vost over CE, or on iTunes, Sticher, and Google Play.
“Awake, mankind! For your sake God has become man…You would have suffered eternal death, had he not been born in time…Let us rejoice in this grace…For what greater grace could God have made to dawn on us to make his only Son become the Son of Man, so that a son of man might in his turn becom God? As if this were merited; ask for its reason, for its justification, and see whether you will find any other answer but sheer grace.”
Advent is rough. It is taking place when the nights are getting longer, when the weather gets awful, and when New England enters its most awful phase in terms of weather. Yet, it’s my favorite time of the year, speaking liturgically. I never thought much of Christmas growing up, in fact I hated it for a time. Now, it is a time that I look forward to, and that is no small part due to the symbolism of Advent and my growing reliance on the Doctrine of the Incarnation.
From Shadow to Light
It makes sense to have a period in the winter where we think about our coming from darkness into light. As I mentioned, these long nights can really get to a man. How great it is, during the darkest time of the year, that we have a celebration that celebrates with merriment and a light that shineth in darkness.
For a good overview, Dom Prosper Guéranger has a pretty good overview on the history of Advent in the Roman Rite. In The Liturgical Year, Dom Prosper notes that Advent as a time for preparation can be found going back early in the Church and was often treated as a “little Lent.” Fourth Century France had already established a time of fasting and almsgiving, all to prepare our hearts to receive Christ as a child at Christmas. The West has relaxed many of its customs since at least the fourteenth century, but we still use this time as period of penance and also to recall the world before the Incarnation. Dom Prosper notes:
“The holy Church, therefore during Advent, awaits in tears and with ardour the arrival of her Jesus in His first coming…These longings for the Messias expressed by the Church are not a mere commemoration of the desires of the ancient Jewish people…From all eternity, the prayers of the ancient Jewish people and the prayers of the Christian Church ascend together to the prescient hearing of God; and it was after receving and granting them, that He sent, in the appointed time, that blessed Dew upon the earth, which made it bud forth the Saviour.”
(The Liturgical Year: Advent, p. 29)
So, yes, Advent is a period of awaiting, and we wait like those before Christ were waiting and it’s also symbolic of or waiting for the return of Christ in Glory. Or, as Fr. Nnamdi Moneme, OMV put it in his first Sermon of Advent:
The waiting of Advent is more than just waiting for Christ’s return in glory. We wait for Christ’s glorious return by making use of the graces of the redemption, graces that He gained for us in His first coming in flesh to this world, to renew and to fulfill the promises that we made to Him on the day of our Baptism. Advent is a time of thinking and reflection on how faithful God has been to us, faithfully renewing and fulfilling His promises to us in good or in bad times
So, in this time when the nights get overly long and lead me to some strange contemplation, I found that it’s a good time to consider all of life and what it means.
The Incarnation Gives Us Meaning
This all is hard for me to put into words. I’m not saying that the Incarnation is the perfect meditation to ward off all dark thoughts. I can’t make that claim. But, with my own mind, which is often shouting with the dark thoughts, the Incarnation is that point of belief in me that has kept me going.
I mentioned in a previous post that I once had one of my most intense let’s not talks on Christmas Eve. Those talks will be familiar to many of you who have had to deal with mental anguish as they are those moments when you can only say, “Let’s not end my life today, even though living is painful.” That night is a painful one to recall, as you can imagine. What kept me going? Well, for whatever weird reason, it’s been the idea that God became man so, as Augustine and Athanasius said, so that we might become God—that is, that we share in an eternal unity with God that is accomplished by this even we call the Incarnation.
I posted that quotation from Augustine at the beginning because it illustrates a point that has saved my life: there is no bloody reason for why God would create us, come down to us, and for Him to take on our flesh. Or, as Terry Eagleton summed it up, God did this for “the hell of it.” If we ask what merited this great gift, if we ask what we did to merit it, we’d find no answer except for grace.
The Incarnation is weird, scandalous even. We say that God did not come to appear as a ruler; He did not come into the body of an Adonis and fight a great war. God came down as an infant and was birthed in a cave by a Virgin with a fugitive carpenter for a foster father. How often do we look at a Nativity Set this time of year and reflect on just how strange it is.
My dear reader, I don’t expect much of this to make sense. I’ve studied it for years, and it still strikes me dumb. However, this central even is the great joy of Christianity. Jesus took on our nature in order to redeem it and I know of no greater thought that has given me comfort these last eleven years, even as my depression would abandon all other hope. I still take my medication and see a counselor, but when I say that the love of Christ has saved my life, that is not a mere hyperbole. When I had those let’s not talks, it was knowing that Christ took on our nature and our pains, and that it was for no other reason than for love, that kept me alive that night and the following morning.
Again, I know this is not a universal comfort. I would never say to an atheist that this is the reason to convert, but I would gladly say that it’s why I remain a son of the Church. As we continue in this season of Advent, I pray you all will take the time to reflect on the weirdness of the Incarnation. Let it scandalize you, even. But, please, whatever you do, do not treat it as just another doctrine you memorized or just another belief. This is the time to come out of our darkness and that may mean even the darkness of our own minds, as it is often for me. However, at the end of all dark paths is this promise of Christ. He is among us, He has been born, and He shall never depart.
I now leave you with my favorite reading for Christmas, from G.K Chesterton’s The Everlasting Man:
A mass of legend and literature, which increases and will never end has repeated and rung the changes on that single paradox; that the hands that had made the sun and stars were too small to reach the huge heads of the cattle. Upon this paradox, we might almost say upon this jest, all the literature of our faith is founded…
There is in that alone the touch of a revolution, as of the world turned upside down. It would be vain to attempt to say anything adequate, or anything new, about the change which this conception of a deity born like an outcast or even an outlaw had upon the whole conception of law and its duties to the poor and outcast. It is profoundly true to say that after that moment there could be no slaves. There could be and were people bearing that legal title, until the Church was strong enough to weed them out, but there could be no more of the pagan repose in the mere advantage to the state of keeping it a servile state. Individuals became important, in a sense in which no instruments can be important. A man could not be a means to an end, at any rate to any other man’s end. All this popular and fraternal element in the story has been rightly attached by tradition to the episode of the Shepherds; the hinds who found themselves talking face to face with the princes of heaven. But there is another aspect of the popular element as represented by the shepherds which has not perhaps been so fully developed; and which is more directly relevant here.
Men of the people, like the shepherds, men of the popular tradition, had everywhere been the makers of the mythologies. It was they who had felt most directly, with least check or chill from philosophy or the corrupt cults of civilization, the need we have already considered; the images that were adventures of the imagination; the mythology that was a sort of search the tempting and tantalizing hints of something half human in nature; the dumb significance of seasons and special places. They had best understood that the soul of a landscape is a story and the soul of a story is a personality. But rationalism had already begun to rot away these really irrational though imaginative treasures of the peasant; even as systematic slavery had eaten the peasant out of house and home. Upon all such peasantries everywhere there was descending a dusk and twilight of disappointment, in the hour when these few men discovered what they sought. Everywhere else Arcadia was fading from the forest. Pan was dead and the shepherds were scattered like sheep. And though no man knew it, the hour was near which was to end and to fulfill all things; and though no man heard it, there was one far-off cry in an unknown tongue upon the heaving wilderness of the mountains. The shepherds had found their Shepherd.
image: Sarowen via Flickr
Thomas L. McDonald always impresses me. He is a bright and sharp writer who has a way to cut through some of the less helpful things out there and get to the heart of what it is to be a Catholic whose mind often features “Frightful, sheer, no-man-fathomed” pits and mountains. In a way, he captures both the darkness and the strange, hidden graces that comes with being a man of depression and faith.
His latest musings on depression are especially interesting. In “The Cold Reboot of the Soul,” he begins by explaining what depression is not and delves into one the better short explanations I’ve ever read,
Depression isn’t sadness. It’s not even in the same emotional class. Depression is like a vice on your brain. It can sometimes squeeze so tightly that the sufferer hallucinates. It’s like mental suffocation. And it comes on for no reason, even in the midst of happiness.
He does mention that drugs help, which is indeed my experience. I am, after years of avoiding them, back on medication and the difference is something impressive. Not everyone has positive experiences of medication, and I certainly had a rather negative reaction to one form of medication and swore off of them for years. However, like all forms of therapy, just one form is not a cure but should act as a full mosaic in treatment. Like exercise, proper diet, seeing a therapist regularly, and finding fulfilling hobbies, medication is a long-haul process that will not bring relief overnight. Rather, it corrects one particular short-coming in the body to give the mind a floor for how deep the depression can sink. But it does still sink. Oh boy, does it ever!
I have written on this subject quite a bit, I still feel uncomfortable telling people about this in person. Most folks, in their tender hearts, want to help and fix it and, well, this is a lifetime condition. There is no “fixing” it and thus they either feel like I’m not even trying or they assume I have abandoned hope because their usual treatments for sadness (which, remember is distinct from depression) are not necessarily going to work on me. It’s not their fault, but often times I will tell people about my periods of absolute melancholy where my mind seems to refuse to listen to my demands to open up to the light and then I end up having to comfort them. Believe me, it’s even worse when I confess to the bark of the black dog telling me to end it all. I can still remember having to give one friend a hug and assuring them I had no real plans, but that was a lie. However, the guilt of it, even if it’s nothing either party did wrong, is sometimes one more stress I don’t need.
So, I respect Tom, Dawn Eden, and host of other great writers who are willing to be honest about their afflictions of the mind and to, ultimately, provide hope to all of us. There is hope that we are not alone. And in our little fellowship, we find hope that the God who raised the dead and brought light to the world can illuminate us enough to keep going.
Tom offers one particular idea that I think is exploring. In thinking upon his depression and all the problems it brings, he suggests there might be a better way to think about depression, which I quote at length:
As Christians, we need to think differently. Perhaps that pit is not despair, which after all is a sin. Perhaps it’s not even a pit. Perhaps it’s an invitation, a blank slate, a clean white sheet of paper.
When a computer starts to malfunction, what do you do?
You turn it off.
When you power it all the way down and then restart it, it’s called a cold reboot. A cold reboot interrupts the power and clears the memory leaks that may be causing a system to run poorly. Most everyday computer problems can be solved by simply restarting the system a couple of times.
Perhaps depression functions like a cold reboot of the soul. What does depression feel like? Paradoxically, it’s both a weight and an emptiness. Paradox is sometimes a cue that we’re dealing with the transcendent.
For a Christian, every weight is a cross.
For a Christian, every emptiness is a desert.
The cross is our participation in the divine work of Christ. The desert is the place where we empty ourselves so we may be filled with the Spirit.
In America, where the prosperity gospel vexes us all, we sometimes think that ill fortune and things like mental illness can’t be part of our Christian life. They are though, because Christ did not rise from the dead to make us rich, content suburbanites. He came that the dead may live again and that we may find Easter joy even on Good Friday. God has entered the world and united Himself to it so deeply, that we can think of it as a merging. Not only that, but we find in Him our total reason for being, but we must be willing to participate in both Good Friday and Easter.
Depression is not a curse, though it often feels that way. It is a cross and a desert that is, in many ways, a way of participating in the life of Christ. It will feel heavy, burdensome, and no doubt our prayers will be for this cross to pass us up, just for a little while. Still, it can be an invitation to delve deeply into uniting ourselves with our Christ. As Ven Francis Libermann once wrote,“I never cross a bridge without the thought of throwing myself over the parapet, to put an end to these afflictions. But the sight of my Jesus sustains me and gives me patience.”
This, then, is a Cross that calls us to a fuller participation. Don’t get me wrong, I’m not saying this makes it easier. However, if Tom is right, then at least it gives us a purpose and a meaning to our pain. I can say this from experience: There is no pain like that which is suffered without a reason. While I anticipate I will learn and grow from my depression all my life, perhaps there is also a way to turn it towards the light.
All of you, my friends and comrades in these afflictions of the mind, will remain in our prayers. Please leave me a comment to tell me your thoughts or use the “About Me” header above to contact me.

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Naruto Uncut Box Set: Season 2, Vol. 2
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The destruction of the Hidden Leaf Village has been averted, but at great cost. While the village mourns, a new menace arrives in the form of Sasuke’s brother, Itachi Uchiha—but why is he after Naruto? Then Jiraiya whisks Naruto away on a training journey to find the legendary kunoichi Tsunade, who’s been selected to become the new Hokage. But they’d better hurry, because Orochimaru is looking for her as well!
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This particular volume covers many different arcs because so many different things are happening at the same time.
The first arc is the introduction of Jiraiya and his training Naruto in summoning a toad. I will admit, as wonderful as Jiraiya's character is, this part is a little slow at first but it does pick up speed towards the end.
The next arc is the Third Part of the Chunin Exams: The Final Rounds. We have Naruto vs. Neji, and Shikamaru vs. Temari, two excellent matches. And then the beginning of the long waited Sasuke vs. Gaara match up...
...which carries over into the next arc where Orochimaru and the Sand and Sound Ninja attack the Leaf Village. This is where everything breaks off into many different stories. We have the Orochimaru fighting The Third Hokage , Sasuke chasing after Gaara, Kankuro and Temari, Naruto & co. chasing after them as well, and the beginning of the Naruto vs. Gaara fight. Strangely enough, this volume does not cover the entire arc. This volume ends with Orochimaru and the Third Hokage still struggling against each other, and Naruto still taking on Gaara and the Shukaku sand spirit. I found it strange that this arc was not compiled together in its entirety in this box set, but it is a long arc so I guess it couldn't be helped.
Again, this is a good buy for the person that is just looking to buy the episodes for cheap. I highly recommend this set if you don't already have the dvds.
This is a "bare bones" release; there are no booklets or inserts included. When it comes to the actual discs in this set, they are the exact same discs from Naruto Uncut Box Set 7 and Naruto Uncut Box Set 8.
The first bonus feature on the third disc is labeled as "Production Art." This consists of ten pages of model sketches of some of the Naruto characters. The next feature is a preview for Naruto Uncut Box Set 8. This is followed by "From Sketch to Screen Episode 85," which is eight pages of storyboards. For each storyboard, you can choose to see the clip that the storyboard is for. In the extras, you can also see the English credits. A link in the extras menu labeled as "Trailers" takes you to four trailers. Next in the extras menu is a selection labeled as "Manga," which takes you to advertisements for Shonen Jump Magazine, and advertisements for the Naruto and other Shonen Jump manga titles. The final selection in the menu is labeled as "Sneak Peek"; it turns out that this selection takes you to a trailer promoting Viz Media's release of the Buso Renkin anime series.
The first bonus feature on the sixth disc is "Production Art," which includes ten more pages of model sketches of some of the Naruto characters. The next feature is a preview for Naruto Uncut Box Set 9. After that is "From Sketch to Screen Episode 93." Like the "From Sketch to Screen" on the third disc, this feature has eight pages of storyboards, and you can choose to see the clip that the storyboard is for. You can also see the English credits on this disc. A link in the extras menu labeled as "Trailers" takes you to a set of six trailers. Next in the extras menu is a selection labeled as "Manga," which takes you to advertisements for Shonen Jump Magazine, the Naruto manga, and other Shonen Jump manga titles.
If you enjoy Naruto and haven't already bought the Naruto Uncut sets, this would be an economical way to get the episodes on DVD. You get double the amount of content of the original sets, but pay about the same amount as you would have for those original sets. However, if you do purchase this set, just be warned that the only effort Viz Media went to when combining Naruto Uncut Box Set 7 and Naruto Uncut Box Set 8 was to make changes to the labels on the physical discs included in the set.
I wrote this review after watching a copy of this DVD box set that I purchased.


Staunton, Nov. 14 – Russia’s culture ministry has banned the showing of a new film about the famine that swept through Soviet Russia in the early 1920s, almost certainly because it shows the incompetence of Moscow in dealing with it and the massive role Western countries, including the US, played in saving millions of Russian lives.
The ministry itself says it took this action only because of the complaints of numerous citizens, but it seems clear that it did objected to the film because it undercuts Putin’s claims that the West has always sought to destroy Russia (interfax.ru/russia/872361 and meduza.io/news/2022/11/14/minkultury-otozvalo-prokatnoe-udostoverenie-u-filma-o-golode-1920-h-godov-v-sssr-vedomstvo-zayavilo-chto-kartina-neumestna-dlya-pokaza).
Under Russian law, the film can still be show in universities and other venues that are not part of the country’s movie theater network; and the producers of the film, which was financed by crowd sourcing, pledge to so that and put it on YouTube. It remains to be seen whether the Russian authorities will take additional steps to block the truth about the famine in the 1920s.
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Gov. Kemp ask to meet with President Biden about border crisis
Georgia Governor Brian Kemp and other Republican state leaders from across the country want to meet with President Biden about the crisis at the Southern border. Immigrants continue to show up in Texas in droves and Gov. Kemp said the federal government isn't doing enough. FOX 5's Claire Simms spoke exclusively to the governor about the issue.


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From Jean Van Laethem:
Gartriage is a simple, cool brainteaser with sixty built-in levels. Each level of Gartriage is called a station. The goal is to move each wagon to its load of the corresponding color. Using the mouse, you can easily move the train, couple or uncouple wagons. The integrated level editor allows creating your own stations. A ""Translation Guide"", written in English, explains how to add a new language.
Version 1.1 includes integrated level editor.
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If you've gone through security in an American airport, you've passed by millions of dollars' worth of equipment. There are backscatter machines, luggage X-rays and explosive-sniffing computers — some of the most advanced monitoring machines the US government can offer. But a new report from the security firm Qualys may have uncovered some gaping security holes in that equipment, letting attackers disable or undermine crucial elements of the TSA's security apparatus.
"It's a really, really bad problem."
The biggest problem is the Morpho Itemiser 3, an early version of the device currently used to scan for traces of narcotics and explosives. Because of how Morpho built the Itemiser 3, Rios says there's a master-level password hard-coded into the device, designed to give a technician top-level access to the machine. But since the password is hard-coded into the Itemiser 3's firmware, Qualys says there's a real risk of attackers reverse-engineering the password, which could have disastrous consequences. That would give attackers free rein over the machine, allowing them to shut down the system or alter the database of chemical signatures to let explosives or drug traces slip through undetected. "It's a really, really bad problem," says Billy Rios, the director of threat intelligence at Qualsys. "For some reason there's a paradigm in the embedded world where they want to do these technician passwords."
The Itemiser 3 was accepted into the TSA lab but never qualified for use in the field, but the TSA has since deployed the Itemiser DX model. Rios says DX has the same technician-password feature, but Morpho strenuously denies the charge, telling The Verge, "we can say unequivocally there are no hard-coded passwords on TSA’s Itemiser DX." The company says it will also push an update to the Itemiser 3 by year's end to fix the vulnerability.
The Itemiser isn't directly connected to the web, but Rios says an attacker could access the machine through the agency's internal TSAweb network, which could be accessed through other vulnerabilities in the agency's payroll-monitoring hardware. Several other pieces of TSA equipment have the same universal-password bug, according to Rios, although the Itemiser is the most important one. If any of the other devices were left online, they could be used as a bridge to the internal TSAweb, potentially allowing bad actors to attack the system from anywhere in the world. "When we have backdoor passwords, and you introduce the concept of networking, it gets really bad," Rios says.
"They don't know how to do a software assessment of these devices."
Rios is taking the issue public in a talk at Black Hat today, but he's been forcing the issue more quietly for months. He reported the problem to Homeland Security earlier in the year, and the agency has been treating it as a known vulnerability. Still, Rios isn't sure if they already knew about the vulnerability or simply hadn't vetted it's equipment. "What's more likely is, they have an acquisition process but they don't know how to do a software assessment of these devices," Rios says. If so, this week's report may serve as a rude awakening for the agency.
8/7 7:57am EST: Article was updated to include comment from Morpho.
9:38am EST: Article was updated to clarify the TSA's adoption of the Itemiser 3.
10:52am EST: Article was updated to include a more emphatic denial from Morpho.