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Conserved sequences of BART and BHRF regions encoding viral microRNAs in Epstein-Barr virus-associated lymphoma
BMC Research Notes volume 10, Article number: 279 (2017)
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) encodes at least 25 pri-microRNAs (miRNAs) in two regions of its DNA genome, BART and BHRF. B95-8, an EBV reference strain, has a deletion in the BART region. However, no information is available on the deletions or mutations in the BART and BHRF regions in clinical samples of EBV-associated lymphoma.
Nine DNA fragments encoding miR-BARTs and two coding miR-BHRF1s were amplified by PCR from DNA samples extracted from 16 cases of EBV-associated lymphoma. All the PCR products were sequenced directly. DNA fragments encoding miR-BARTs and miR-BHRF1-1 were successfully amplified from all samples. An adenine-to-guanine mutation in the DNA fragment encoding miR-BART2-3p was detected in four of the 16 cases, and a cytosine-to-thymidine mutation in the DNA fragment encoding miR-BART11-3p was detected in one of the 16 samples. These mutations were not associated with any histological categories of lymphoma. In conclusion, mutations were rarely observed in the DNA encoding viral miRNAs in cases of lymphoma. This suggests that the DNA sequences of EBV-encoded miR-BARTs and miR-BHRF1-1 are conserved in EBV-associated lymphoma.
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a common herpesvirus that infects more than 90% of all adults throughout the world . Primary EBV infections in adults cause infectious mononucleosis . EBV is also associated with several types of lymphoma and cancer. According to a recent classification of lymphoma, EBV is associated with certain cases of Burkitt lymphoma, diffuse large-B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) in immunodeficient patients, EBV-positive DLBCL of the elderly (ELD), DLBCL consistent with methotrexate (MTX)-associated lymphoproliferative disorder, NK/T-cell lymphoma (NKT), plasmablastic lymphoma, Hodgkin lymphoma, etc. . Recently, it has been demonstrated that EBV encodes at least 25 pre-microRNAs (miRNAs) in its genome and that 44 mature miRNAs are registered in miRBase (http://www.mirbase.org/) from these pre-miRNAs [4, 5]. miRNAs are small RNAs (20–22 nucleotides) with various demonstrated biological functions in cells . Representative functions of miRNAs include RNA silencing and the posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression by binding their target mRNAs . The miRNAs of EBV are encoded in two primary transcripts, BHRF1 and BART. BHRF1 encodes miR-BHRF1-1, 1-2, and 1-3, which are expressed in EBV latency III infection . BART encodes 22 miR-BARTs in three clusters . Various functions of the EBV-encoded miRNAs have been reported. However, B95-8, an EBV reference strain, has a deletion in the BART DNA , although it displays full transformational activity in human B cells. In contrast, a study of insertion mutants of miR-BARTs in a recombinant EBV (B95-8) genome demonstrated that miR-BARTs promote cell-cycle progression and prevent the apoptosis of primary human B cells . Another study showed that miR-BHRF1s accelerate B-cell expansion with low latent gene expression levels and reduce the viral antigenic load, which potentially facilitate the persistence of the virus in the infected host . Therefore, the functions of the miR-BARTs and miR-BHRF1s in B-cell transformation differ.
A recent study of the full-genome sequences of EBV using next-generation sequencing demonstrated that BART and other regions were deleted in the full EBV genomes of some EBV-positive cell lines . However, because the BART region contains a repetitive sequence, the next-generation sequencer did not correctly read the full sequence of BART. Therefore, there is no information about the deletions or mutations in the BART and BHRF regions in clinical samples of EBV-associated lymphoma.
In this study, DNA fragments encoding miR-BARTs and miR-BHRF1 were amplified by PCR from DNA samples extracted from EBV-positive lymphoma patients and were directly sequenced to determine the mutation, deletion, and/or insertion status of the regions encoding miRNAs.
Sixteen frozen samples of EBV-associated lymphoma were examined. All samples were obtained in biopsy or autopsy for pathological diagnosis. The samples included seven ELD, three AIDS-related DLBCLs (ARL), two NKTs, two low-grade B-cell lymphomas, one MTX-related lymphoma (MTX), and one plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL). All the patients were residents of Tokyo or prefectures neighboring Tokyo. The histological diagnosis of lymphoma was based on the 4th edition of the World Health Organization classification of lymphoma . All cases were confirmed as positive for EBV infection with the in situ hybridization of EBV-encoded small RNAs (EBER). In situ hybridization was performed using EBER PNA Probe/Fluorescein and PNA-ISH Detection Kit (Dako, Glostrup, Denmark) according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
PCR amplification and DNA sequencing
DNA was extracted from frozen samples from lymphoma patients, with the DNeasy Blood & Tissue Kit (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany), according to the manufacturer’s protocol. Fragments containing the all EBV-miRNA genes were amplified with PCR from the DNA samples using the primers listed in Table 1. PCR amplification was performed at 94 °C for 5 min (one cycle); 94 °C for 30 s, 55 °C for 30 s, and 72 °C for 30 s (35 cycles); and 72 °C for 10 min (one cycle) using the GeneAmp PCR System 9700 (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA, USA). The PCR products were purified with the QIAquick PCR Purification Kit (Qiagen), and then directly sequenced with an ABI 3130 Genetic Analyzer (Applied Biosystems) using the BigDye Terminator Ready Reaction Kit (Applied Biosystems), according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
Sequences were aligned with the Genetyx software (ver. 13, Genetyx, Tokyo, Japan). The reference sequences used were EBV strains AG876 (GenBank accession no. NC_009334), Akata (KC207813), B95-8 (V01555), HL01 (LN824226), HL02 (LN827546), Jijoye (LN827800), L591 (LN827523), Makaku (LN827551), Mutu (KC207814), Raji (KF717093), sLCL-IS1.20 (LN827576), and Wewaki1 (LN827544).
Nine DNA fragments encoding miR-BARTs and two encoding miR-BHRF1 were successfully amplified with PCR from the DNA samples from all 16 patients with EBV-positive lymphoma (Fig. 1). Direct sequencing of the PCR products revealed only two mutations in the DNA fragments encoding pre-miRNAs relative to the reference sequences. An adenine-to-guanine mutation in the DNA fragment encoding miR-BART2-3p was detected in four of 16 cases (25%; Fig. 2a), which included two ELD, one T-cell lymphoma, and one low-grade B-cell lymphoma. A cytosine-to-thymidine mutation was found in a DNA fragment encoding miR-BART11-3p in one (ELD) of the 16 cases (6.25%). The ELD case with a cytosine-to-thymidine mutation in miR-BART11-3p DNA did not have an adenine-to-guanine mutation in the DNA fragment encoding miR-BART2-3p. The mutation in miR-BART11-3p was in the previously reported seed region of the miRNA  (Fig. 2b). There were no single-nucleotide polymorphisms, mutations, insertions, or deletions in any of the DNA fragments encoding other pre-miRNAs, including pri-miR-BHRF1s, suggesting that the miRNA sequences are strongly conserved in cases of lymphoma.
The two mutations in the DNA fragment encoding miR-BARTs found in this study were not associated with any histological features of the lymphoma. In a previous study, miR-BART2-3p was not expressed in the serum samples of patients in the acute phase of infectious mononucleosis, whereas miR-BART2-5p was expressed abundantly . Therefore, the mutation in miR-BART2-3p identified in the present study is unlikely to be associated with the lymphomagenesis of a specific category of lymphoma. However, miR-BART11-3p has been reported to be strongly expressed in infectious mononucleosis, gastric cancer, and nasopharyngeal carcinoma . EBV-miR-BART11 plays a crucial role in the promotion of carcinogenesis in gastric cancer and nasopharyngeal carcinoma by inhibiting the tumor-suppressive effects of FOXP1 . The mutation identified in the present study was in the seed region of miR-BART11-3p, suggesting that it affects the role of miR-BART11-3p.
In this study, the genetic conservation of the EBV DNA encoding miRNAs was demonstrated in patients with EBV-associated lymphoma, implying that deletions in BART are rare. The genome of Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) also encodes viral miRNAs , which reportedly have important functions in cell transformation and cell-cycle promotion [17, 18]. A study of clinical samples in which the DNA fragments encoding KSHV miRNAs were sequenced detected SNPs in the DNA fragments encoding miRNAs in multicentric Castleman disease and KSHV inflammatory cytokine syndrome, suggesting that sequence variations in KSHV miRNA are associated with these diseases . However, no large deletion of DNA encoding an miRNA has been reported in KSHV-associated diseases. A recent study showed that a defect in the miR-BARTs region, as in B95-8, is uncommon among EBV-positive cell lines, although partial defects have been observed in two other cell lines . However, the partial defects detected in that study were near the assembly gap region introduced by next-generation sequencing, suggesting that the defects were associated with the sequencing technique. The gap region was not PCR amplified in that study . The lack of deletions detected in miR-BART in the present study suggests that these deletions do not occur or occur only rarely in clinical samples.
In conclusion, the sequences of the EBV genome that encode miR-BARTs and miR-BHRF1 are conserved in EBV-associated lymphoma. Further studies comparing cell lines and clinical samples are required to investigate the role of the BART deletions in EBV B95-8, and the association between the mutations in the DNA fragments encoding miR-BARTs and the pathogenesis of lymphoma.
The limitation of this study includes small numbers of samples and PCR amplification of limited regions. Therefore, the conclusion of this study may not be generalizable to all EBV-infected cases. Any functional analysis of the mutated miRNAs was not performed in this study. Despite these limitations, these findings suggest genomic conservation of EBV at least in a subset of lymphoma because there is no similar study.
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
AIDS-related diffuse large B cell lymphoma
diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
EBV-positive DLBCL of the elderly
Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus
low-grade B-cell lymphoma
polymerase chain reaction
single nucleotide polymorphism
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HK conceived and designed the experiments. KS and HF performed the experiments. TH and HH contributed reagents, materials, or analysis tool. KS and HK analyzed the data and wrote the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
Availability of data and materials
The dataset supporting the conclusions of this article is included within the article.
Ethics approval and consent to participate
Studies using human tissue were performed with the approval of the Institutional Review Board of the National Institute of Infectious Diseases (Approval Nos. 271 and 272) and Tokyo Metropolitan Komagome Hospital (Approval No. 628). Informed consent was not obtained due to the retrospective nature of the investigation conducted in archival biopsy specimens. Identifying information for all samples was removed before analysis for strict privacy protection; this procedure was in accordance with the “Ethical guidelines for epidemiological research” enacted by the Japanese Government.
This work was financially supported by Research Program on HIV/AIDS (Grant Numbers 16fk0410209j0102, 16fk0410108j0101, and 16fk0410107j0001) from the Agency for Medical Research and Development, and Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C) from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (Grant Number 15K08509).
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
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Sunagawa, K., Hishima, T., Fukumoto, H. et al. Conserved sequences of BART and BHRF regions encoding viral microRNAs in Epstein-Barr virus-associated lymphoma. BMC Res Notes 10, 279 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-017-2603-z
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Kwesi Arthur – Baajo ft. Joeboy
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(PHOENIX, Ariz. – April 28, 2021) - Not all heroes wear capes - some come in small packages and are gaining strength in the nursery intensive care unit (NyICU) at Dignity Health St. Joseph’s Hospital and Medical Center. This National Superhero Day, St. Joseph’s NyICU team is honoring some real-life superheroes: our brave babies and their courageous families. Today, some of the tiniest patients in St. Joseph’s Level III NyICU and their loved ones dressed up as their favorite superheroes to celebrate the special day.
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Folic acid may reduce cardiovascular problems
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People with chronic kidney disease are more likely to have heart disease, and vice versa. In this review, doctors analyzed nine folic acid studies covering 8,234 people with kidney disease. Overall, the chances for developing cardiovascular disease was 10 percent lower in those who added folic acid to their diets compared to those who did not add folic acid.
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For example, Burton uses non-diegetic music when Augustus Gloop fell into the river of chocolate. By the tone of the music, the audience is left in suspense thriving to know what is going to happen to Augustus. Another example of non-diegetic music was when charlie was running to his house knowing that he found the last golden ticket. By using the upbeat music, the audience is filled with joy and delight, knowing that charlie’s dream came of getting a ticket came true. In particular, in Edward Scissorhands, diegetic sounds were used when Edward was stuck in the vault.
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Everything about this film for me was perfect. Starting with first scene, the establishment shot showing the California buildings then panning and zooming to the characters room. For a black and white old movie, there are so many powerful techniques used that are still relevant even to this day’s horror movies. Alfred Hitchcock (producer and director) managed to execute a horrifying film without using props and ghosts. The movie for me is psychologically Manipulating and thrilling to make sure your eyes are glued to the screen.
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There is a new movie out in theaters. An action-packed movie where a young African American and his city block of misfits take on rapid dinosaurs in the driveways of their own homes. Sounds like a normal movie but this movie is not focused on the “color” of the boy but on the actions of the neighborhood.The stereotypes of colored men and women in the film industry are beautifully destroyed in the free verse poem “Dinosaurs in the Hood” as Danez Smith makes a trailer of words for this movie, just waiting to be released. Smith is a colored queer poet who is known for his fiery political poems that took Youtube by storm. (cite) Smith starts the poem with a communal invitation to make a new movie.
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Qadri thunders, Pak govt shows arrest warrant
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Thousands of protesters led by Barelvi cleric Tahir-ul-Qadri rallied in Pakistan's capital for the third straight day, giving the government until Wednesday night to resign and dissolve the national and provincial assemblies.
The government hit back by issuing warrants to arrest Qadri and 70 others for attacking police, and announced it was determined to complete its five-year term and hold elections only by May.
The government also announced that the Supreme Court's orders to arrest Prime Minister Raja Parvez Ashraf would be "honoured" and "acted upon", but only after procudures had been followed. Sources said there was no likelihood of Ashraf being arrested soon.
In a boost to the government, a meeting of Pakistan's opposition, led by Nawaz Sharif's PML (N), while criticising the PPP-led regime and demanding a timeline for elections, rejected Qadri's demands and vowed to fight attempts to derail democracy.
"We decided that the government should, without any delay, announce a schedule for the election and a caretaker government," Sharif told reporters after the 20-party meeting in Lahore. "Any change will take place only through free and fair elections. We will stop any unconstitutional step that leads to anarchy... (and) any attempt to keep the people away from exercising their right to vote."
In Islamabad, Qadri, camping with his supporters near the heavily barricaded parliament building, delivered his demands in a rambling, three-hour speech loaded with religious imagery, and warned the PPP and PML (N) from striking a deal on the caretaker government.
"The government should decide by tonight... This so-called democratic government will end today or tomorrow, God willing...," he said.
Despite this being the largest demonstration in Islamabad in several years, TV networks expressed scepticism about Qadri's claim that he had the support of "millions". The crowd on Jinnah Avenue has been gradually thinning since Tuesday, and television pictures showed large gaps in the throng on Wednesday.
At a news conference, Information Minister Qamar Zaman Kaira said, "There are a few days left for the completion of the term (of the government). All the parties and real stakeholders have agreed that (the national and provincial) assemblies will complete their term on March 16... On that day, the assemblies will be dissolved automatically (and) ... the election will be held in time (within two months)."
The elections were expected to be held between May 5 and 15, Kaira said.
On the Supreme Court's order to arrest Prime Minister Ashraf, Kaira said, "The government of Pakistan is acting according to the law and what the Supreme Court has said will be acted upon. The judgment of the Supreme Court will be honoured."
However he clarified that several procedures would have to be completed by the National Accountability Bureau before an accountability or anti-corruption court can issue an arrest warrant.
Sources in the government said the NAB was unlikely to act immediately. The court's order had set no deadline.
- Eight held for ‘attacking’ Dalit wedding procession in Sabarkantha
- 90 airports on alert to check movement of cash ahead of elections
- Notices to 23 hospitals for withdrawing facility
- Sindhis threaten to move HC if Sindhu Sagar not cleaned
- In Mumbai, teacher’s love story with student ends in her arrest
- Govt dismisses AAP allegations
- AAP workers stage protest outside Kejriwal’s residence over ticket distribution
- BJP boycotts NDTV over news gaffe | The Indian Express
- Out of the promised 50,000 homes for the poor, not even 50 constructed in Gujarat by BJP: Kejriwal
- BJP complains to EC against Rahul over RSS remarks, seeks derecognition of Congress

domain: news


Our sincere congratulations to all the birders of the world to the International Bird Day! We announce the big birding season 2021 open in Russia.
We have 656 bird species in our check-list. The luckiest could collect them within a short perion from April to July in Russia. Total check list of the country contains around 800 species. So we work hard to develop new trips to gain another 150 species. Meanwhile, we offer you to join our exciting race of "The Big Year".
The starting point would be in marvelous mountain of the Caucases in April. We descend gently from the mountain slopes to the Volga delta than and from there we head to the Baikal lake. If you are not yet tired from birding, we move more East, to the Russian Far East. Once we are finished with Primorye, Khabarovsk regions and Sakhalin island we fly to Kamchatka and Commanders. Wow, may say one, but not so much left in our schedule. We gradually move back West and visit the great siberian river Yenisey. We climb to the mountains again - by the end of June the passes of the Golden Altay are melted.
The crown of that gorgeous birding paradise would be the Russian Arctic mating place - the delta of another great siberian river -Lena. Here we seacrh for the most beautifull bird of Russia - the Ross' Gull. Once the "beauty" is in our pocket we move slowly back to Moscow via Nenets region and Kola penisula tundra.
Voila, almost 656 bird species are in your check-list, and those birds that are missing during long and intense joyrney, we are happy to find for you in Moscow and suburbs - here about 200 species registered.
We wish good "hunt" for everyone and boundless travel.


text:
One word speared thoughts as the debut album of US thrashers Kill Ritual unleashed its barrage of old school modern breathing sounds, exceptional. The Serpentine Ritual is outstanding, a release which just lights up the heart and captivates the senses as it chews on them with rabid glee. It is an adventurous album with no desires to break down new realms but just twists steadfast essences into something unique and thrilling to the band.
Kill Ritual formed in 2010 with Steve Rice and Wayne DeVecchi, ex-Imagika guitarist and drummer respectively, continuing the music they had began working on before the demise of their former band. Recruiting former Eldritch guitarist Roberto Proietti, former Dark Angel bassist Danyael Williams, and SF Bay Area vocalist Josh Gibson, the quintet began writing and working on their debut. The result a thrash driven sound with plenty of progressive and classic essences which combined makes The Serpentine Ritual released through Scarlet Records, one of the most enjoyable albums this year. It is a riotous beast of a record which recognises its target and unleashes slabs of essential and enterprising rock music to ensure capture. Imagine a fusion of Testament, Anthrax, Exodus, and Arcticflame and you get a measure of the hungry pleasure ready to explore upon the ear.
Produced by Steven Rice and Andy La Rocque, the album conquers appreciation immediately with the brilliant opening title track. The Serpentine Ritual is a song which stands there snarling and intimidating from its opening seconds, the scorched guitar spiral only reinforcing the muscular fire about to erupt. Once from its reins the track ravishes the senses with growling basslines, writhing and scything riffs, and a sonic whipping which just hits every sweet spot. The vocals of Gibson are instantly impressive and as track and album progress his stature just grows and grows. Beside his great delivery and range the predatory darker toned vocals add that extra shadow and devil to proceedings in the same way the heavy aggressive rhythms and bass stalk alongside the soaring guitar sonics and melodic invention. With a groove to seduce any resistance the song is a classic, arguably best thrash track this year.
The following Torn Down and Time TO Kill stand strong alongside the staggering starter, both in their distinct shapes, the first a classic bombardment of perfectly crafted venom and musicianship not to mention unbridled energy and the second a contagion of crippling rhythms and heart exploiting riffs. They are both songs which if they do not grab full allegiance suggests maybe thrash metal is not for you, such their irrepressible and irresistible classic presences.
Every song on the album is a boisterous and winning engagement, their towering aggression and intent an unstoppable infection of instinctive invention and domination brought through dazzling skills within energetic songwriting and sound, as ever though some tracks do rise above others for an individual though it is quite marginal to be honest. Tracks like Ambush and Cold Hard Floor alongside the opener ignite bigger fires of passion within compared to others. The first of the pair is a raw and bruising brute of a song where the band exposes extra malice and violence in their music, from the coarser delivery of Gibson to the merciless rhythms of DeVecchi and the destructive riffs. The latter song is a magnetic brew of classic rock n roll, a devil dance of majestic guitar play from Rice and Proietti completed by a brilliant guest solo from Andy La Rocque. Gibson again stretches his range to greater and skilled expanses, he is destined to greatness.
The thumping onslaught that is The Day The World Dies and the hardcore/classic metal tinged Prisoner Of The Flesh equally match those great heights with their combative breaths and antagonistic riff and rhythmic imagination. They again show the strength of variety from band and release as well as the extreme skills of each individual perfectly harnessed with clarity into an unrelenting stunning consumption.
The Serpentine Ritual is as mentioned at the start exceptional, a release drawing on established wells and through sonic alchemy producing music which is as fresh and refreshing as found anywhere in the genre and metal as a whole. The Kill Ritual has begun, in band and musical destiny.
Copyright RingMaster: MyFreeCopyright


The Strand Center for the Arts is proud to announce the new exhibit opening in May, “Clairvoyance II: Art of the Visually Impaired.” This exhibit features artwork from the Northeastern Association of the Blind at Albany Blind Artist Society (NABA BAS) and client artwork from the North Country Association of the Visually Impaired, Inc. (NCAVI). The exhibit will be on view May 1st to 29th, 2015 at the Strand Center for the Arts, located at 23 Brinkerhoff Street, Plattsburgh. The opening reception will be held May 1st from 5:00 to 8:00 pm, is free to the public, and is part of the First Weekends in Plattsburgh Art Walk.
The Strand Center for the Arts Gallery Coordinator, Christina Elliott, stated “The primary motive behind the exhibit “Clairvoyance II” is to educate the public about artists with disabilities, particularly how those with visual impairments interact with and produce art.” This exhibit was originally curated by the Strand Center in July of 2014, but on a smaller scale. Not only did the exhibit educate the public, but created more accessibility to those with disabilities, as Braille catalogs and posters were available. “This year we will have Braille catalogs, as well as a new feature, audio tours that viewers can download to their smart phones.” said Elliott.
The Northeastern Association of the Blind at Albany Blind Artist Society (NABA BAS) is a free, web based community of artists with varying degrees of visual impairment. The NABA BAS mission is to sustain the needs of artists suffering from visual loss. Artist works will include images from NABA BAS members Aileen Cinquemani, Barbara Romain, Arlissa Vaughn, Constance Avery, Dick Morrill, Emilia Beer, Jonathan Beer, Scott Carruthers, and Marissa Rivera. Since 1908, NABA, a non-profit organization, has been fulfilling its mission to provide services and support to help blind and visually impaired people of all ages lead independent lives. NABA’s vision rehabilitation therapists work in-home and on-site with individuals to teach adaptive skills and strategies that enable independent living. Located at NABA’s facility at 301 Washington Avenue in Albany, the Dr. Harry M. Judge Vision Rehabilitation Center provides examinations by a low vision specialist for the prescription of magnifiers, special glasses and adaptive devices. Services are at no charge to the legally blind. For more information about NABA, go to www.naba-vision.org
Established in 1929, Central Association for the Blind and Visually Impaired (CABVI) is a not-for-profit agency that serves people who are blind or visually impaired, from newborns to the elderly, generally free of charge. The staff offers comprehensive vision rehabilitation, employment, and technology services personally tailored to meet an individual’s needs. CABVI comprehensive vision rehabilitation programs provides for individuals who are blind or visually impaired in an eight county area of upstate New York.
The North Country Association for the Visually Impaired, Inc. (NCAVI) is a private not-for-profit organization in Plattsburgh, NY dedicated to assisting people who are blind, legally blind, or visually impaired with attaining or maintaining personal independence.
NCAVI Executive Director Amy Kretser said the pilot program launched in 2014 created an opportunity for people who are blind or visually impaired to experience art and take advantage of what is available at the Strand Center for the Arts. She said, “People who took the classes last year were really enthusiastic about the program. Some of them were skeptical at first, which is to be expected,” Kretser explained, “but by the end of the second class several participants actually became inspired to take their artistic talents in new directions. We are excited to see what the 2015 classes produce.”
Jodi Lattrell-Burns, Executive Administrator at NCAVI, worked closely with the Strand Center for the Arts to develop a new series of art workshops for 2015 that would offer the use of different mediums including clay and materials used in 2D artwork.
“Participants in the classes have varied degrees of vision so each person’s experience and artwork was uniquely beautiful,” said Lattrell-Burns. She explained that some participants had limited or no visual acuity, while others had limited visual fields, seeing either through use of their peripheral vision or through a pinhole with no peripheral vision at all.
Throughout March and April two clay-based workshops with Jackie Sabourin and Jerry Sequin were offered in the Strand Center’s Jackie Sabourin Clay Studio, and one 2D-based mixed media workshop with Stephanie Crawford. Lattrell-Burns said, “The ceramics class was a perfect fit for students because so much of the process is done by feel. It was interesting to learn that some of the participants with the least amount of vision truly excelled at throwing pots.”
Artwork that was produced in these classes will be featured in the exhibit as well as artwork done by participants produced prior to their vision loss. Kretser said, “Some of the participants had been artists for years before experiencing changes in their vision. It is incredibly traumatic for people to lose their sight and understandably difficult for artists to shift gears artistically during that process.” Kretser said the classes offered by NCAVI and the Strand Center for the Arts offer opportunities for people to experiment with art in new ways.
“Clairvoyance II: Art of the Visually Impaired,” featuring artwork from the Northeastern Association of the Blind at Albany Blind Artist Society (NABA BAS) and client artwork from the North Country Association of the Visually Impaired, Inc. (NCAVI) opens in May. The exhibit will be on view May 1st to 29th, 2015 at the Strand Center Main Gallery, located at 23 Brinkerhoff Street, Plattsburgh. The opening reception will be held May 1st from 5:00 to 8:00 pm and is free to the public.
The Strand Center for the Arts is open Tuesday through Friday from 10:00 am to 5:00 pm and Saturdays from 10:00 am to 4:00 pm. For more information on this or upcoming Strand Center events, please visit www.plattsburgharts.org, call 518-563-1604, or stop into our Main Offices at 23 Brinkerhoff Street in Plattsburgh, NY.
“Clairvoyance II” is part of the First Weekends Art Walk. Alaina Pinto stopped by the gallery to talk about the Art Walk and the artwork made the local news!


"But when a long train of abuses and usurpations, pursuing invariably the same Object evinces a design to reduce them under absolute Despotism, it is their right, it is their duty, to throw off such Government, and to provide new Guards for their future security."
~ The Declaration of Independence.
~ The Declaration of Independence.
First let me ask if you've seen it? The latest video from Hakkari? Here it is:
Okay. That was a Special Operations police beating a fourteen-year-old Kurdish boy last week.
Do you remember last year, during Newroz, what the police did to another fourteen-year-old from Hakkari? Here's a refresher:
Both were violent actions of Turkish police, which has enjoyed impunity for such actions--and worse--in North Kurdistan for decades.
Now, here's Ahmet Altan channeling what most of us have been saying for decades:
It's Easy to Say "PKK Is a Terrorist Organization"
Have you watched it?
In a wide, rural area fifty or sixty kids were "demonstrating", so they say they were throwing stones at Special Operation police with heavy weapons.
What will happen if the police never go there?
The kids will shout for a while, then disperse.
These are kids, aged thirteen or fourteen, the place where they "demonstrate" is a huge rural area.
Oh, no! Kurdish kids cannot demonstrate; they cannot shout in rural areas.
The police, with weapons in hand, are attacking the kids with pressurized water.
One of the police is capturing a skinny fourteen-year-old boy and knocking him on the ground. . .
And is starting to hit the boy's head with the butt of his weapon.
He is hitting to kill.
There is no reason to hit the boy, however.
Since the police cannot control his own anger, he is hitting the boy violently with the butt of his weapon.
Then another police is congratulating the police who beat the boy.
This is not the violence of one or two police.
In the Southeast the entire state is like this.
How can a state rule there while having such hatred and abhorrence toward a people?
Besides, why should it rule there?
Why should Turkey resist ruling a people that it hates so much?
If you see them and their small children as "enemies" that much, to knock them on the ground and crack their skulls with the butt of your weapon, then you cannot stay there.
Whoever watched those scenes remembered the Israeli troop who smashed and broke a Palestinian's arm with a rock.
They remembered the English who coldly raked demonstrators with machine guns in India.
This state does not see the Kurds as its own.
For that reason, it behaves like an "occupying force" there.
It is killing and throwing them into wells, burning the villages, and filling jails with [Kurdish] children.
In the "calm" times when we are closest to peace, it is knocking them down on the ground and trying to smash their heads with the butt of a gun.
We saw these scenes because there were cameras there. They are behaving like this in front of the cameras.
You can imagine what they are doing in the mountain villages, towns, streets in the middle of nowhere, where they don't have cameras.
If they act like this to you, they hit your children's heads with the butts of their weapons, what would you do?
Who is going to protect those people?
Do you understand why this war continues for twenty-five years?
Do you understand why those Kurdish children go to the mountains knowing consciously that they will die?
They do go.
What can they do?
If you do not give them the opportunity to protect their lives, their honor, and their children, what are they going to do? Who are they going to trust? Where are they going to shelter?
They go to the mountains.
The newspapers write, "PKK is a terrorist organization" and politicians say so.
Many people, including me, say "PKK should finish the war".
It is easy to say "PKK is a terrorist organization".
Then what is JİTEM that shoots people in the back of the head?
Then what is Special Operations [police] that smash children's heads with the butt of a weapon?
Isn't what they're doing "terrorism"?
If you terrorize a people, without discriminating children or anyone, what is that people going to do?
How will these people defend themselves?
You tell me . . .
Tell me how this people will protect their children.
If you label a people as an enemy, you burn their villages, you insult their women, you imprison their men, you hit the children's head with the butt of a gun, that people will go to the mountains.
In fact, they did go . . .
Then you will fight for years and be the cause of the death of more people.
After watching those scenes on TV, that horrible violence, the satisfaction those police derived from that violence, I thought that the state cannot rule there and also I thought that it does not have a right to rule there either.
You are going there, saying "I am your state"; is this the way to be their state?
Is making armed soldiers walk in the provinces that are 90% Kurdish, stressing "Turkishness" and giving the message that "We will smash you with weapons," the way to be their state?
What does this state want?
By torturing an entire people, you cannot win a war. Throughout history, no one won.
It is possible to win wars against armies, but it is impossible to win against people.
Do you want peace?
There cannot be any "peace" by hitting children's heads with the butt of a weapon.
Savages can win neither war nor peace.
I saw how they hit that boy's head with the butt of their weapon . . .
What difference is it if that land belongs to you or not?
That land might be yours but that people is not.
The people, that you hit their child with the butt of your gun, neither will be yours nor will be with you.
That land will belong to the one who can provide them an environment where their children can run without being shot, without being beaten, without being hit with the butt of a gun, and where they can laugh and can play.
Then you will not be afraid of saying that land's name, which is known for centuries; you will say Kurdistan with great comfort. You will sit with those children and sing a song, and read a poem from Ahmet Arif.
The breaking of an arm, the smashing of a skull, the "voiding" of votes, the mass arrest of DTP politicians and political workers . . . these are the actions that send new recruits to the mountains in streams.
And let me remind you that the state bears the greater responsibility because it has failed miserably to live up to its responsibilities as a state. Here is the principle:
We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness. — That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed, — That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government, laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety and Happiness. Prudence, indeed, will dictate that Governments long established should not be changed for light and transient causes; and accordingly all experience hath shewn that mankind are more disposed to suffer, while evils are sufferable than to right themselves by abolishing the forms to which they are accustomed. But when a long train of abuses and usurpations, pursuing invariably the same Object evinces a design to reduce them under absolute Despotism, it is their right, it is their duty, to throw off such Government, and to provide new Guards for their future security.
Furthermore, from UN Resolution 3103 of 1973, the UN:
Solemnly proclaims the following basic principles of the legal status of the combatants struggling against colonial and alien domination and racist régimes without prejudice to their elaboration in future within the framework of the development of the international law applying to the protection of the human rights in armed conflicts:
1. The struggle of peoples under colonial and alien domination and racist régimes for the implementation of their right to self-determination and independence is legitimate and in full accordance with the principles of international law.
2. Any attempt to suppress the struggle against colonial and alien domination and racist régimes is incompatible with the Charter of the United Nations, the Declaration on Principles of International Law concerning Friendly Relations and Co-operation among States in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the Declaration on the Granting of Independence to Colonial Countries and Peoples21 and constitutes a threat to international peace and security.
3. The armed conflicts involving the struggle of peoples against colonial and alien domination and racist régimes are to be regarded as international armed conflicts in the sense of the 1949 Geneva Conventions, and the legal status envisaged to apply to the combatants in the 1949 Geneva Conventions and other international instruments is to apply to the persons engaged in armed struggle against colonial and alien domination and racist régimes.
4. The combatants struggling against colonial and alien domination and racist régimes captured as prisoners are to be accorded the status of prisoners of war and their treatment should be in accordance with the provisions of the Geneva Convention relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War, of 12 August 1949.
5. The use of mercenaries by colonial and racist régimes against national liberation movements struggling for their freedom and independence from the yoke of colonialism and alien domination is considered to be a criminal act and the mercenaries should accordingly be punished as criminals.
6. The violation of the legal status of the combatants struggling against colonial and alien domination and racist régimes in the course of armed conflicts entails full responsibility in accordance with the norms of international law.
So when Ahmet Altan says, "I thought that the state cannot rule there and also I thought that it does not have a right to rule there either," he is right. And when HPG fights a defensive war from the mountains, it is not only right, it is obligated.


text:
Some recent sketches
By Jamie Cooper, Jan 10 2018 07:37PM
Here are a few recent sketches for my life blog - all have pen ~ and some have watercolour....
21 Park Avenue
+(44) 01692 402371
Welcome to my blog
please feel free to contact me about sketching, drawing or any other art related subject.


NSW Premier Barry O'Farrell believes Prime Minister Julia Gillard's proposals to ease power prices will be approved at Friday's Council of Australian Government (COAG).
Ms Gillard plans to pitch several measures to state premiers to save consumers up to $250 a year on their energy bills.
The states will be asked to boost competition in their electricity markets and consider introducing smart meters and cost-reflective pricing so consumers can better manage their energy usage.
Mr O'Farrell is optimistic the measures will be approved.
"The prime minister's package will get through if for no other reason that it doesn't deliver anything until after the next federal election campaign - and who knows who will be prime minister then," he told ABC Radio.
Mr O'Farrell said the prime minister's proposals would not cut power prices much but would help people avoid power costs.
He says the best way to cut power prices would be to wind back the carbon tax and other green schemes.


text:
I want to sleep
The sleep of dogs
So still and full of peace,
Laid belly flat on the cool ceramic floor,
Or stretched out limbs spread wide,
Like a lumberjack in days of yore,
Beat still into deep sleep
From the day's steep labor.
He sleeps, the dog I gently stroke.
Then, I stretch his back leg straight
Feeling the firm muscularity,
In tendons, to toes, and on to the tail.
Still he sleeps,
The shiny fair hair, so soft and silky.
Perchance he dreams . . .
as whiskers whisk,
a muted muffled bark escapes
Teeth baring, breath jarring.
Hindquarters quake in unison with his flight,
With forefeet in a slight, but right, flick.
What does he chase in his dream?
Are his dreams much different than mine?
The tail, his tale, is now silent.
As all those who sleep without communication.
Stories never to be told in words,
But understood somehow, by those domesticated.
I wish I could sleep the sleep of dogs,
Closing my eyes into the world eagerly awaiting.
I wish I could swipe the chalkboard of my brain
Into a complete drain in less than two minutes.
My dog doesn't toss and turn himself to sleep,
Though three large circular treads about
Make for the comfort of a dog's slumber shed.
I enjoy sleep, at least as much as my dog.
Somehow, it feels even better sleeping
In the den, laying close to him,
Napping on the sofa,
Canine blanket upon my leg and feet.
My canine companion is a cultural cliché
Who can ease me when I'm beat,
And we both are off our feet.


text:
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domain: health


text: I realize now what scummy administrators I work with and how they're gleefully making my life miserable, or at least trying their level best. I would like to break my contract and just leave the public education system behind. It's not because of the job, it's the retaliatory behavior of people in charge. They don't get better work out of me through harassment. Is anyone else in the same frame of mind these days (or has been) and can help me get clarity on what to do. It seems I can't quit because I will have my license retained so I can't work elsewhere. I'm not a teacher; support staff.

domain: sociology


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[January 27, 2014]
Telefonica plans £200m media planning pitch
(City A.M. (UK) Via Acquire Media NewsEdge) The Spanish telecoms company is preparing to launch a media planning and buying review across its European business, according to Campaign. The review, thought to be statutory, is expected to start in April and will be run from Madrid. It includes Telefonica's £50m account for O2, whose UK media is held by Publicis subsidiary ZenithOptimedia.
Separately, Vodafone has confirmed it is reviewing its existing £600m global media planning and buying account. The account is currently held by Omnicom's OMD, which beat Team Red to the account in August 2009.
(c) 2014 City A.M.
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text:
Campaign functionaries for Republican presidential nominee George W.
Bush have, on occasion,
suggested that the press corps has a virulent, persistent bias against their candidate. From their
perspective, Al Gore seems to speed over every pothole while their guy just can't get a break from
those jackals at the back of the plane -- in part because the reporters seem to think he can't win.
As it turns out, the Bush paranoia may be right on the money.
On Friday, the Bush campaign plane was flying from Marion, Ill., to
Tampa, Fla., when an
enterprising reporter used a blender and a fully stocked bar to whip up some serious margaritas
during the 2 hour and 15 minute flight. Once the tequila took effect -- even several Secret Service
members joined in the afternoon wind-down -- NBC producer Alexandra Pelosi suggested that it
was time that some of the people covering the race did their own formal handicapping.
According to a reporter who was on the plane, a straw poll ensued. The
question was not who
should win, but who would win -- and 26 reporters suggested Gore will be the last man standing on
Nov. 7, while just 5 voted for a Bush victory. (Another reporter confirmed that the poll had occurred,
but declined to go into specifics.)
Safely ensconced in the front of the plane, Bush and his entourage were
none the wiser that
reporters were making bets on his future 10 rows back and that the news was not good.
''Everybody knew that we weren't supposed to be doing it, but it was
Friday afternoon, it had been
a long week, we were all drinking margaritas, so it was like, what the hell,'' says the reporter.
Pelosi is the daughter of Congresswoman Nancy Pelosi, a Democrat from
California, and has a
reputation for keeping the back of the plane a lively place. She did not return calls asking for
comment on her role in the impromptu poll.
According to the reporter, writers from such publications as the Boston
Globe, the Chicago
Tribune and three Texas papers -- the Dallas Morning News, the Houston Chronicle and the
Austin American Statesman -- all voted. The source did not know whether the reporters from the
Washington Post or the New York Times participated.
The reporter, who described the events only after being promised anonymity,
thought the vote was
extraordinary. ''You just don't see that kind of stuff happening, (but) even then, it's surprising that
Gore won by so much. Usually reporters favor whomever they are covering, but I think the people
on this race believe that Gore's going to win. He's a fighter and just will not give up.''
There may be another reason that the press corps isn't feeling too kindly
toward the governor of
Texas. Ever since word leaked out about a possible Gore mole in the Bush campaign, officials
have been very tightlipped with schedules. Pre-mole, schedules for the coming week were faxed
and e-mailed to reporters. Now, the campaign won't even tell reporters where they will be at the
end of the week, leaving many of them scrambling to get home for the weekend. ''People aren't too
happy about not being able to make plans. The Bush people are being incredibly tight with
information about where we're going to be,'' says the reporter.
On Saturday, a campaign press official in Austin said he was unaware
of any such poll.


text:
If you notice dark and thick pus draining from under the gum around your tooth, you may have an abscessed tooth. The pus indicates that your tooth is infected, and harmful bacteria decompose the tissue. The area around the infected tooth can also be swollen, red, and painful.
A swollen and painful gum, abscessed tooth can impact a person’s ability to eat and speak comfortably. Most people only realize they have an abscessed tooth when it starts causing significant pain, or it has spread to other parts of the body, such as your ear or neck.
You might be wondering how frequently abscesses can occur. It depends on a person; it can appear once or twice in a lifetime. Even if it occurs only once, it needs the same level of attention as if it happens frequently.
Tooth Abscesses – Statistics
Poor dental hygiene and dental caries are among the most common causes of a dental abscess, but more so in the United States of America. According to the National Center for Health Statistics, dental caries and tooth loss affect 91% of adults aged between 20 and 64. Another study shows that 1 out of every 2600 people were admitted to a hospital with an oral infection.
Chewing becomes difficult as you grow older, especially if you do not have teeth. It keeps your mouth dry, resulting in bacteria, leading to infection and gum disease. According to the CDC, 23% of adults aged 65 to 74 suffer from severe periodontal diseases.
Treatment for an abscessed tooth can involve draining the infection, taking antibiotics, and sometimes, tooth extraction. Here is a detailed guide by Soft Touch Dentistry in Sacramento, California, to help you learn everything about an abscessed tooth.
Symptoms of an Abscess Tooth
Dental abscesses are more common than you think, and they might look strange, but they can be easily treated if caught early. The signs of a dental abscess are similar to other infections in the mouth. Let’s go over these symptoms;
- Severe, throbbing pain in your gums or around a tooth that may extend to your neck or ear
- Persistent pain while eating (chewing or biting)
- Tooth sensitivity (hot and cold)
- Bitter mouth taste
- Cheek swelling or face redness
- Breathing difficulties
- Bad breath, stained teeth
- When your abscess ruptures and the pus flows out, it leaves a bad taste in your mouth.
What Causes Tooth Abscess?
An abscess is typically a space-occupying lesion that presents as a fluctuant tooth swelling filled with pus. It can happen anywhere near a tooth, infecting the broken tooth and the neighboring teeth and their bones.
The outer surface of a tooth is hard, but the internal part is filled with blood vessels, nerves, and connective tissues that can be damaged. The infections that cause tooth abscess include:
A gingival abscess is an infection caused by bacteria spread by the gums. The gum gets infected by tooth decay, fractured teeth, harsh brushing, bleeding, or food lodged in the gum line. Traumatic damage or severe orthodontic stress on the teeth can also explain this type of abscess.
A periodontal abscess is an infection in the tooth’s tissue supporting the gum alongside the root. When the tissue separates from the root, a periodontal pocket (a small gap) is created. It’s critical to ensure this pocket is clean, as it gets infected quickly. A periodontal abscess can result from increased germs in the periodontal pocket. This type of abscess is common among adults.
A periapical abscess is a dental illness where pus forms around a tooth’s root. This can happen when germs from your mouth feed on food particles and penetrate the tooth’s root, causing infection. Once the periapical abscess fills up with pus and blood, it causes swelling and irritation, making it difficult to breathe or talk. The patient may experience intense pain in their jaw, teeth, and neck.
How Do You Treat an Abscess in Your Mouth?
When an abscess forms in your mouth, it causes excruciating pain. Treating an abscessed tooth in Sacramento, California, can be a challenge. The infection can occur in different parts of the body, and the treatment for each of these conditions is different.
The treatment is focused on relieving your discomfort. This is why it is essential first to examine your situation. In this case, a dental X-ray will be helpful to determine whether the infection has spread to other regions of the body.
The dentist will treat you in one of the following ways, depending on your condition:
- If your immune system is weak or the infection has spread to the nearby areas of your mouth, the dentist will prescribe antibiotics to prevent it from further spreading.
- To drain the infection and reduce discomfort, your dentist will make a small cut in the abscess to remove the pus. They will then use salt water to cleanse the area.
- If you have a damaged tooth, your dentist will extract the tooth and then drain the abscess. This is done if you do not want a root canal.
- Lastly, a root canal is an option. This may aid in the removal of the infection. A root canal is a procedure in which your dentist drills into an infected tooth, removes the infection, and drains the abscess.
The hole will be filled and sealed. A crown will be placed to support your tooth, especially a molar.
How Can I Get Rid of Abscess Without Going to the Dentist?
The best way to get rid of your abscess is to consult a dentist. But you can use a few home remedies to treat an abscess by yourself if you cannot visit a dentist.
- Rinse your mouth with saltwater to get temporary relief from severe abscess pain. You do not have to purchase anything, and it’s an affordable yet simple remedy to provide relief to your gums. Try it twice or three a day for at least 2 minutes.
- A similar remedy is baking soda, which is readily available in your kitchen. The procedure is the same, replace salt with baking soda, then rinse your mouth with it for 5 minutes, twice a day. It helps prevent cavities and fight against bacteria to provide you relief from your pain.
- Another way to get quick relief is to use an ice pack. Apply it on the infected area for at least 10-15 minutes. You can use it as per your needs.
- Garlic is another way to treat your tooth infection. It may have a foul odor, but its relief makes up for it. You have to peel a few cloves of garlic and crush them to make a paste. Then, apply it to the infected area for a few minutes.
You can also take painkillers like aspirin or naproxen, coconut oil as it has antibacterial characteristics, or aloe vera gel as it carries natural antibacterial properties that can help reduce pain in your infected tooth.
Abscessed Tooth – An Emergency
Is an abscessed tooth considered an emergency? What are the consequences if an abscess is not treated promptly? The response to these questions depends on the severity of the abscess and the patient’s medical history.
How Do I Know if My Abscess Tooth Is Spreading?
When you’re suffering from an abscess, it’s usually hard to tell whether it’s getting better or spreading to other parts of your body. Some signs of an abscess spreading include stomach ache, headache, dizziness, swelling, sweating, rapid increase in the pulse, dehydration, and more.
Can a Tooth Infection Go Away Itself?
Yes, but not without a bit of effort. Most tooth infections typically go away by themselves in around two weeks. Generally, it means that the body kills bacteria. This action also helps remove any debris the bacteria spread throughout the body. Making sure we brush at least twice a day, and regularly floss, can speed up the process.
Even if you are no longer in pain, consult your dentist if you have other symptoms of a tooth infection.
When to See a Doctor?
It would be best if you treated tooth abscesses as early as possible. Early symptoms might include unbearable pain, swelling, and fever. If not treated early, the infection could spread to other body parts. Other alarming symptoms might include high fever, breathing difficulty, and extreme swelling. If so, visit Soft Touch Dentistry in Sacramento, California, to seek emergency treatment.
Who Gets Tooth Infection?
Good oral hygiene is the key to preventing tooth infections. When a cavity surrounds your tooth, it gets infected. However, there are ways to prevent tooth infections.
- If you have a dry mouth, this is another sign. The most common factors of dry mouth are medicine and age.
- If you smoke, you carry the risk of developing a tooth infection. To avoid this, smokers should wash their teeth twice as often as non-smokers.
- If you eat a lot of sweets, chocolates, and sugary foods, there’s a possibility your tooth may have a cavity and develop an abscess.
- Another factor to consider is a weaker immune system. If your immune system is weak, you won’t fight germs or bacteria.
- Lastly, oral hygiene is critical. Poor hygiene can lead to oral infection. Only by cleaning your teeth regularly can you combat bacteria and germs.
Can an Abscessed Tooth Be Prevented?
Every tooth contains a packet of bacteria because it receives a constant supply of saliva. An abscess can form if that pocket becomes infected, putting your dental health at risk.
It’s essential to keep track of your dental health to safeguard your mouth. Follow these steps to keep your mouth healthy and free from germs.
- Brush your teeth twice a day for at least two minutes.
- Floss every day to clean areas between your teeth and gums that are difficult to reach.
- Use a mouthwash or an antiseptic to improve the protective coating surrounding your teeth. Add fluoridated water to your routine.
- Avoid taking snacks in between meals.
- Limit your sugar intake and avoid drinks that can cause cavities and result in an abscess.
- Replace your toothbrush every three to four months or when the bristles fray.
- Don’t forget to clean your tongue while brushing.
- Visit your dentist for weekly or monthly checkups.
If you’re experiencing throbbing pain in your tooth, you might have an abscess. You should not take the occurrence of abscesses lightly. Ensure to get the abscess checked because the infection can even spread to the ears or throat if left untreated.
There are many potential causes of an abscess, and you should consult your doctor to find a way to treat it. To avoid tooth abscesses and other oral diseases, it’s essential to take the best possible care of your teeth and gums. Many people neglect their dental health, but at the least, everyone should make a habit of brushing their teeth twice a day. After all, precaution is better than cure.
If you happen to have unbearable pain in your teeth, contact Soft Touch Dentistry in Sacramento, California. If you need more information about tooth abscesses, get in touch with them. Think you are dealing with a tooth abscess? Allow Dr. Andrew Owyoung to offer you the best possible dental treatment.


Product Quantity: A58SW-555S
Utilization: BOAT, Auto, Electrical Bicycle, Admirer, House Appliance, Cosmetic instrument, Sensible Property, Power Doorway Lock
Sort: Micro Motor
Development: Long lasting Magnet
Shield Function: Totally Enclosed
Ongoing Present(A): 1.0A
Effectiveness: IE 1
Merchandise Name: Mini Worm DC Equipment Motor Square Gear Box
Motor type: PMDC Brushed Motor
Search phrases: Worm Gear Motor
Item character: correct angel equipment motor with brake operate
manufacturing facility property: skilled manufacturer
Standard Apps: Robotic equipment
Rated Voltage: 12v/24v
warranty period of time: 1 calendar year
quality coverage: life extended guarantee
OEM Service: Indeed
Packaging Particulars: international regular packing or negotiation
Items Description I1.Common Operating Conditions1-1 Rated Voltage: 12v 24v.1-2 Route of Rotation:CW when viewed from output shaft side1-3Operating Temperature and Humidity:Temperature assortment of -10C~+50C,Humidity assortment of 30%~80%.1-4Storage Temperature:Temperature range of -20C~+60C2.Measuring Problems:2-1Motor Position:To be area t horizontally when measuring2-2Power Source: Controlled DC power supply–No load pace:7-214rpm.–Robotics, Modest Equipment, Fanner, Electrical Curtain–Medical Pump, Surgical procedure Resources, Health care Stirrer, centrifugal Equipment Electric Valve, Actuator, health-related device–Electric motor,lower sounds,lower current and no spark. No-load Velocity: 470rpm/260rpm/160rpm/80rpm/40rpm/27rpm/16rpm * Error: ±5% Visual appeal & Dimensions 1. Use ball bearings to make the shaft of the motor more robust and wearable2. The worm is manufactured of copper, which has stronger hardness and affect resistance.3. 35.5mm copper tube motor8. There is a pure copper coil within Complex Info 15years OEM&ODM in DC motor industrial, bicycle wheel bearing rolamento 6301 2RS bearing ball bike bearing skilled R&D of dc equipment motors 3500+sq. meters generation place to provide the motors for customersHave a comprehensive high quality tests method,passed the ISO9001 management technique certification and handed the Eurpean ROHS,FCC,CE certificationProduce various micro velocity-minimizing motor shafis,reduction gearbox and so on.in accordance tocustomer requirements Solution group Merchandise application What are the associates Why pick us 1.Company Benefit:A. Our organization is a massive-scale skilled manufacturer deeply trustworthy by domestic and overseas consumers, integrating development, production, wholesales and services.B. To guarantee high-high quality and greatest provider ,kingly constructed up professional groups engaged in analysis,solution engineering and sales.C. We have 10 many years experience in the design of the research and growth, With sturdy technologies developing ability and production capacity, advanced equipment2. Merchandise Edge:A. Range of merchandise,high quality assured, items are broadly usedB. Superior merchandise testing equipmentC. Product flexibility, personalize in accordance to the specifications of the consumers any unique create all varieties of molds, Independent investigation and advancement since the open up mould productsD. Merchandise by way of a variety of certification(CE,RoHs,ISO,CCC,UL….)E. Some products have patent certificate3. Principal merchandise benefit:A . Specifications can be tailoer-produced according to customer’s needs.B. Can provide free samplesC. Solution quality is guaranteed, a limited time period of delivery Opinions from customers Associated products Organization Profile HangZhou CZPT Motor Co., Ltd. is a company of dc equipment motor, CZPT A4VG56 demand pump used in agricultural machinery spare elements Z=21 Z=11 teeth bldc motor,worm equipment motor,micro motor,pwm motor etc, with nicely-outfitted testing services and strong specialized power. With a extensive selection, excellent quality, realistic charges and stylish designs, our products are extensively used in a lot of industries. Our products are extensively regarded and dependable by consumers and can satisfy constantly altering economic and social requirements. We welcome new and outdated consumers from all walks of existence to make contact with us for future enterprise associations and mutual achievement! Solution packaging FAQ 1)What is actually the price tag?We are a skilled producer So the precise price is primarily based on clients’ specs,this sort of as the pace,voltage and so forth.2)What is the MOQ?We try to meet each and every client’s requests and do not want to disappoint our customers.So the MOQ is adaptable if the solution is not difficult to produce and we are not in a occupied year.Kindly chat with our saler to confirm it.3)What is the shipping time?At the first we have an timetable,the earlier you location purchase,the fater we end the manufacturing.In the slack year,we can make positive the delivery time is by 1 month.In the active year,we need to have more than 1 thirty day period if your quantity is huge.The most critical,we can give free time beyond regulation prodution if your get is truly urgent.4)Can you send out some samples before the buy?Sure of program,we should send out the sample to affirm the quality with you first.UPS,TNT, Bearing Dimensions 11x32x12.7 mm Deep Groove Ball Bearing 87011 FEDEX or DHL are all offered.5)Can you make our brand on the products?Certainly,logo is straightforward as most of our goods are customizable.So emblem in typically logo is required.It can be labeled on the motors.6)What’s the payment phrase?For modest volume,we accept one hundred% payment through paypal.For large amount,we acknowledge thirty% telegraphic transfer(TT) as the deposit.And the relaxation have to be paid out before delivery.seven)How to deliver the products?we will produce by way of Convey such as UPS,FEDEX,DHL,TNT etc.It is quickly and safety.If products quantity is huge,the shipping and delivery expense will be price-powerful.8)Can you make our brand on the items?Certainly,symbol is straightforward as most of our goods are customizable.So logo in normally logo is necessary.It can be printed,emboridered,embossed/jacquard.9)What is actually the payment term?For modest amount,we take 100% payment through Western Union.For large quantity,we take 30% telegraphic transfer(TT) as the deposit.And the rest should be compensated ahead of transport.10)How to supply the merchandise?If products quantity is tiny,we will supply through Express this sort of as UPS,FEDEX,DHL,TNT and many others.It is rapidly and clientele do not need to have to spend the custom made charge.If merchandise amount is big,we will ship by sea.It will be extremely economical.11)Does your organization provide to any well-known accommodations?As a foremost manufactuer of resort items,we have numerous well-known resort and resort customers.Such as InterContinental Resorts Group,Marriott Hotel,The Ritz Carlton Lodge and son on.If you want some samples of them,we can send out.twelve)Any other questions kindly chat with our income, power sprayer agriculture spray machine they will do the best to provide you.
Symptoms of a Bad Actuator in Power Locks
Having a power lock in your vehicle is a great way to keep your doors locked while you’re driving. A power lock allows you to lock your doors from the front or the driver’s seat. The front passenger can also lock their doors from the power lock.
Common uses for power locks
Almost every car model has a power door lock as an option. They can be used to secure high priority areas and to provide an additional layer of security. These locks can be set up to unlock or lock automatically at certain times of the day.
They are also great for business settings, where they can ensure automatic locking after business hours. They can also send virtual keys to guests. This allows them to unlock the doors without having to physically come into the building.
The most common material used to make locks is stainless steel. This material offers excellent corrosion resistance. It also provides great durability. Stainless steel locks are available in a variety of grades, including austenitic grades, which are non-magnetic.
There are also magnetic locks. These are used with access control systems and biometric systems. They are activated by proximity devices, and are used in places where security is a high priority. Magnetic locks are easy to install and can withstand up to 1200 pounds of force.
These are the most common types of power locks. These locks are installed in residential and commercial settings. They may be subject to state and federal regulations, depending on where they are used. They are also used in storage rooms and other high traffic areas.
These locks can be configured for multiple users. These locks are ideal for businesses that want to ensure that only authorized users can open the doors. They are also great for businesses that want to ensure that doors are secured during business hours.
These locks are a great way to increase security in high traffic areas. They are easy to install and require less maintenance than electric strikes. They are also more affordable to purchase than magnetic security locks.
Signs that something is wrong
Unless you’re the proud owner of a power lock, you’re probably not as lucky as a powerless slumdog or two. The good news is that you can remedy your plight with a battery powered power pack and an open mind. Using the aforementioned power pack will allow you to get your power on without compromising your security. The best part is that the power pack will be fully charged by the time you return from your evening stroll.
The most difficult part of this task is making sure that your prized possession isn’t stolen by a ne’er-bee. To avoid such a mishap, it may be prudent to install a security system such as a monitored door lock. Besides, the power packed power pack can also act as a shield from unseen intruders. With a power packed power pack on hand, the worst that can happen is that you can be locked out of your own home. That’s a good reason to do your research. Fortunately, your power packed power pack can also act as your best friend. After all, who has the time to deal with a burglar? Having a properly installed power pack can save you the embarrassment of a lockout. Having the right power pack on hand is a great start, but you may want to do some homework before you go to bed. A properly installed power pack should be the foundation of any security system. After all, your home is one of the most valuable things in your possession and you should treat it with the same level of respect as you would treat your dog or children. For a small fee, a reputable security service provider can help you maintain a home that you can be proud of.
Symptoms of a bad actuator
Symptoms of a bad actuator in power locks are not always visible. This is because there are many factors that can cause them to malfunction. A faulty actuator will not only cause the door to lock, but it will also lock and unlock in an unpredictably random manner.
The best way to find out if your power locks are malfunctioning is to first check the power to your actuator. This will not require too much effort. You can either connect a jumper wire or use a power probe to apply 12 volts to the actuator.
If you don’t have access to a power probe, you can use a small screwdriver to turn the lock handle up and down. You can also use a coat hanger to unlock the door.
The most obvious symptom of a bad actuator in power locks is the ability to lock or unlock the doors of your car. However, there are other signs as well. For instance, you may notice that the interior lights stay on when the doors are closed. This is a sign of a broken wiring harness.
If you have a car with more than two wires, you should consult your car’s wiring diagram. If your car’s locking system is malfunctioning, you should try a replacement door lock actuator.
Other symptoms of a bad actuator in power locks include strange noises when the door is opened. This can also be a sign of a broken door panel connection. This is not necessarily a problem, but it is a good idea to check it out before replacing your entire door lock assembly.
If your car is a newer model, you may need to disassemble the door lock assembly to access the actuator. If you’re not comfortable with that, you can always hire a third party mechanic to do the job.
Diagnosing a bad actuator
Getting a bad actuator for your power lock can cause your doors to lock or unlock randomly. Symptoms include the door lock working perfectly one day, then not working at all the next. You may also hear weird noises when the door lock is operated.
The first thing you need to do is check the power supply to the actuator. This can be done by using a Power Probe. The Power Probe has jumper wires that can be used to apply 12 volts to the actuator.
Once you have a good power supply, you can remove the actuator. Most actuators can be removed with your hands. Before removing the actuator, make sure that it is mounted properly and that it does not bind.
If you are still having trouble, you may have to replace the whole latch assembly. This is a fairly simple and inexpensive process. If you are unsure of how to do this, you may want to call a mechanic. They will be able to help you diagnose your power lock.
If you have a door lock that makes a clicking sound, you may have a bad actuator. If the clicking sound is not consistent, you may have a problem with the door lock switch. You can try to replace the fuse. If that doesn’t work, you may have a broken connection between the door panel and the actuator. You can also try to remove the door panel and check the solenoid coils.
A broken or dirty lock assembly can also cause the door to lock or unlock erratically. If the lock has a problem with its sensor, the car may stop locking and unlocking at certain speeds.
Repairing a bad actuator
Having a problem with your power lock actuator can be a real hassle. You may hear strange sounds or see your car’s doors lock or unlock erratically. This type of problem can be caused by a number of factors.
First, a good diagnostic test can help you determine if the issue is with your power lock actuator or a related component. The first thing to check is the voltage polarity at the electrical connector. This can be done with a test light or automotive meter.
Another way to test the voltage polarity is to disconnect the electrical connector. This will allow you to take the actuator and lock assembly off. If your door locks are working properly, you will see a positive reading on both sides of the connector. If you see a negative reading on one side, this is an indication that the actuator is not working.
If you don’t have a test light or automotive meter, you can use jumper wires to apply 12 volts to the actuator. You may have to remove your outer door handle to access the wires.
If your door locks are not working, you may need to replace the door lock actuator. It is recommended that you replace the actuator once or twice in your car’s lifetime. This will make your vehicle easier to use and more convenient.
Identifying the problem is the first step in the repair process. If you are unable to find the problem, you may need to replace the entire lock assembly. Some cars may also require the window regulator to be removed.
Once you have determined the problem, you can either troubleshoot your power lock system or replace the entire latch assembly. This will be expensive, however.
editor by czh 2023-03-17


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This dress has a FITTED LOOSE silhuette. In size medium the lenght is 100 cm.
Go to the size guide