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It’s finally been announced! The winner of the prestigious NDA National Design Award is Grace Moulder from Darlington. The recent graduate beat off hundreds of entrants from colleges and universities from all over the country to bag the HUGE prize of £3000 cash, see her design implemented and a professional portfolio of photographs of the finished design.
The national competition was exclusive to architecture/design students, keen amateurs and recent graduates, who had the task of designing a £1 million penthouse situated in the luxury River Crescent complex, Nottingham.
Grace also won a work placement with NDA Private Clients to oversee her design come true, as well as one years membership to the British Institute of Interior Design, an NDA workshop of her choice and the chance to show off her design at a VIP Champagne unveiling ceremony to be held later this autumn – WOWSER!
Grace was thrilled when told the great news and said,
“Knowing this was a national competition I realised the standards must have been very high, so I am so proud of all that I have achieved and that my hard work has paid off! I look forward to coming to work with the design team and hope that my genuine enthusiasm and passion for Interior design will shine through. I will treasure all the experience I gain and I am hopeful that it will give me the confidence to succeed in the design world! Thanks again to the NDA and all that was involved in giving me such a fantastic opportunity.”
As well as Grace, there where 5 shortlisted designers who will also receive a years membership to BIID, a workshop of their choice, an NDA National Design Award trophy and an invite to the unveiling ceremony.
Check out Graces submission!
Owner of the penthouse, Ian Roberts, found it extremely difficult to choose between the 6 shortlisted designs, he said “I would like to thank everyone who took the time and effort to submit designs, the response was overwhelming. I would also like to thank the NDA for organising the competition and my fellow judges whose guidance I could not have done without. The quality, innovation and creativity of the short listed entries exceeded my expectations and selecting a single winner was very difficult. I congratulate Grace and really look forward to working with her and the NDA to deliver what will be a world class interior to a breathtaking apartment.”
A huge well done to the 5 lucky shortlists!
Nicola Dejewski from Nottinghamshire said “Thank you to all the judges, I am really excited to be named as a shortlisted designer. This is the first design competition I have entered and I’m very proud of the outcome. I really enjoyed working on the project and am over the moon that my hard work has been acknowledged by the National Design Academy. I am now looking forward to completing my final year at Nottingham Trent University and a successful career in the design industry.”
View Nicola’s submission!
Julian Potts from Bath and currently studies at KLC School of Design said, “Thank you very much for running this competition– I really enjoyed researching the scheme and coming up with a concept as well as trying to do something interesting with the living area and all within the constraints of a budget … it’s scary how easy it is to use up the £100,000. It was very motivating to know that the winner gets their scheme built, and I would like to congratulate Grace on getting that fantastic opportunity! I am also really pleased to have been short listed. I just need to find someone else who needs a penthouse fitting out now!”
View Julian’s submission!
Erika Davies from Southampton Solent University said, “Taking part in the National Design Award 2011 has been an invaluable experience, and a great opportunity to apply my passion for interior design to a real-world brief. To have been short-listed is fantastic and will provide a great stepping stone into becoming a freelance designer, as well as a great addition to my portfolio.”
View Erika’s submission!
Katherine Charles who lives in London and studies at Middlesex University said, “Thank you very much for considering my design and congratulations to the winner! I look forward to meeting you all at the VIP evening.”
View Kathrine’s submission!
Karen Lane from the National Design Academy and lives in Lincoln said, “the Penthouse Apartment was a fabulous plan to work on and I was absolutely thrilled to be told that my design had been placed in the top five. This is the first ‘national’ Interior Design competition I have entered and to get this far is very encouraging for the future of my business.”
View Karen’s submission!
The judges were impressed with the high standard of work submitted and indicated that the process of short listing had been a very enjoyable and challenging experience. Following lively debate and discussion, the extensive judging panel reached agreement on the winning design. The decision was based on clear criteria, particularly the commercially realistic interpretation of the client brief.
Congratulations to all and I look forward to seeing you at the unveiling!


2021 Jeep Wrangler Willys Electric Feature, Specification Update – This 2021 Jeep Wrangler gives extraordinary off-road capacity, nevertheless it is not as highly processed for on-street driving as various other compact vehicles, and it prices badly for predicated trustworthiness. The particular 2021 Wrangler lacks a comprehensive rating or standing as it hasn’t been completely accident analyzed.
Typically the Jeep Cherokee features a great deal of off-road capacity in the personal proper, specifically a Trailhawk trim, but it really tends to make a much better every day driver than the particular 2021 Jeep Wrangler. The chairs are comfy, accommodating, in addition to spacious sufficient for adults.
The actual Toyota Tacoma could be a good compact pickup truck, however it is nevertheless a worthwhile choice to the Wrangler. It’s lots able when typically the pavement finishes, as it includes 4-tire generate and plenty of off-road characteristics.
The Ford F-150 is an individual of our top-ranked total-dimensions pickup trucks each year, and it gives a good deal to the table, which include a cozy interior, exceptional towing and transporting capabilities, and far more technological innovation than typically the Wrangler.
Exterior and Interior
Initially, typically the 2021 Wrangler design is strictly major. Nonetheless, there’s a good great deal occurring that you may well not discover initially. This 2021 Jeep Wrangler is actually more than 2 ” broader and has more than 2 ” of more wheelbase more than the final era, all in the title of balance and ease and comfort.
The doorways are produced of aluminium, which makes them simpler to get rid of. Collapsable lower the windscreen only calls for taking away several mounting bolts alternatively of 28 since in typically the past Wrangler models.
Directed front lights as well as taillights are offered, and several roof structure styles are made available, making it simpler than in the past to take pleasure in the available-best away from-roading Jeepers want, nonetheless the sort of speedy protection from rainfall they want.
The actual 2021 Jeep Wrangler interior blends elements of contemporary, stylish design with a new basic and nice and clean design which has been aspect of the Wrangler DNA for many years. Situated in the body-tinted dash sections are this sort of 21st-century details as a big contact-display screen infotainment process and offered Alpine sound system. The necessity seize manages are nevertheless in this article, as is the easily-removed best and protecting included rollbars.
Base models are a tad a lot less extravagant, but progress up to the major-money trims and you will get warmed seating and controls, the navigation and even a leather-based-packaged dash. The Wrangler 4-front door provides even more rear-chair legroom politeness of a lengthier wheelbase.
2021 Jeep Wrangler Engine
You get two engine choices in this Wrangler: the particular 285-HP V6 platform engine or a 270-HP turbocharged a number of-tube. The foundation engine offers sufficient power, however the turbo-several supplies much better velocity in addition to seems a lot more completely ready to enjoy.
The Wrangler gasoline economy amounts path most rivals’ reviews. Using its base V6, the Wrangler will get 18 mpg inside the metropolis and 23 mpg concerning the freeway. The turbo-a number of receives much better quotations of 23/25 mpg area/freeway.
Possessing some sort of heavy-duty suspensions, as the actual Wrangler really does, prospects to a business-away: It enhances off-road capacity but hinders drive good quality on the highway. Having said that, the drive is great around easy tarmac. The Wrangler can feel steady on winding streets, but there’s obvious body roll close to changes. Some competition are far more nimble. Additional information on the actual Wrangler’s off-road functionality are offered listed below.
Maybe no vehicle makes far more of its term for its off-road potential than the Jeep Wrangler. Together with common characteristics like skid dinners in addition to aspect-time several-tire travel, any trim units you up for you to go adventuring. The actual Rubicon trim possesses a lot more off-road-driven capabilities, which makes it the car comparable of a mountain / hill goat.
2021 Jeep Wrangler Price and Release Date
The actual 2021 Jeep Wrangler platform price is concerning $28,000. Nearly all compact vehicles have reduced beginning costs. Wrangler Unlimited start off in excess of $31,000. There are 3 trims above the base, with the top trim starting up with the low-$40,000s.


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Seizure of terror suspect funds questioned
Oct 30,2007 00:00
WASHINGTON -- The U.S. government reportedly has seized nearly $265 million in al-Qaida-linked assets since the Sept. 11, 2001, attacks.
The government has been freezing the assets of alleged terrorist financiers and banning U.S. citizens from conducting business with them, The Christian Science Monitor reported Tuesday.
The seizures, viewed as an important role in the fight against terror, raise questions about whether the U.S. government has too much power to punish alleged terrorist financiers and funding groups through simple administrative actions, the Monitor reported.
For example, federal prosecutors in Texas failed this month to convict officials of the Holy Land Foundation charity, alleged by the government to be funding Palestinian terrorists. The charity was closed in 2004 after the Treasury Department named it a terrorist group.
"The fact that they couldn't get a single conviction suggests that we need to rethink the process by which (Holy Land) was shut down," David Cole, a law professor at Georgetown University told the Monitor. "They were able to close it down, freeze its assets ... ultimately on the basis of secret evidence."
Copyright © 2007, by United Press International. All Rights Reserved.

domain: news


text:
Dogtown is an area in central Gloucester of about five square miles, or 3600 acres, stretching from the Riverdale section of the city, north of Route 128, into Rockport, and including the Goose Cove and the Babson Reservoirs. Development is banned in this protected municipal watershed.
Dogtown is known for its woods and for its boulders and rock formations left behind when the last glaciers melted. Because of the availability of water, in 1642, the Commons Settlement was located here and was for a century the most prosperous part of Gloucester. The half century after the Revolutionary War saw the decline and disappearance of the Dogtown settlement, and today, visitors to Dogtown try to find the numbered boulders which mark the cellar holes of the houses in this “ghost town,” as well other boulders emblazoned with inspirational messages. The poetry of Dogtown is about both its rocks and natural beauty and the lives of its former residents.
The Babson stone carvings can be viewed at:
- The Dracons site
- Poetry of Places in Essex County
- Babson boulders trail map and GPS coordinates
Click on the photo below to begin a Flickr slideshow of the Babson Boulders at Dogtown, created by Aaron Knox.

domain: travel


text:
To the surprise of no one, the FBI has finally, reluctantly been forced to concede
The administration is ramping up the propaganda demonizing mainstream American conservatives even as it seeks recruits to operate internment camps.
An Angel Mom exposes the Biden administration’s agenda to boost illegal immigration and protect criminals.
WEF partners with Big Tech and governments to police Internet, encourage ‘coordinated action’ against unauthorized voices deemed ‘harmful’ to collective psyche.
CNN reports that the Biden administration is preparing to impose additional sanctions on Russia over
As Bill Barr is walking out the door of the Department of Justice to open
German police are under fire after bizarre terror raid on peaceful political activist.
Alternative social-media platforms seen as dangerous, ‘anti-government’ for allowing users to post ‘conspiracy theories’ about election fraud.


|Publication number||US3899725 A|
|Publication date||Aug 12, 1975|
|Filing date||Feb 25, 1974|
|Priority date||Feb 25, 1974|
|Also published as||CA1026819A, CA1026819A1, DE2506800A1, DE2506800C2|
|Publication number||US 3899725 A, US 3899725A, US-A-3899725, US3899725 A, US3899725A|
|Inventors||Allan B Plunkett|
|Original Assignee||Gen Electric|
|Export Citation||BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan|
|Patent Citations (4), Referenced by (27), Classifications (18)|
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet|
United States Patent Plunkett Aug. 12, 1975 BRAKING EFFORT CONTROL  ABSTRACT lnvemofi All?!" Lawrence Pilfk, During the electric braking of an inverter powered propulsion vehicle, it is desirable that the constant  Assigneei General Electric Companyv Eric Pl torque performance characteristics be extended to a speed beyond that for which pulse width modulation Flledi 1974 can be effectively used to control voltage. This exten- [211 Appl NO 436 341 sion is accomplished by compensating the current i I command signal, and thus the motor current, by an amount proportional to the speed of the vehicle and  Cl 318/227; 8/366 inversely proportional to the inverter d-c voltage dur- CL 9 ing periods of operation above the pulse width modul Field Search-W 318/2271 L 364369 lated speeds. A comparator is provided to select the higher of either the uncompensated or compensated References Cited current commands, thereby allowing the current com- UNITED STATES PATENTS mand signal to be unaffected during pulse width mod- 3169,5614 10/1973 Rcttig 1. 318/227 ulalion modes and 10 be automatically Compensated at 3,775,65l 11/1973 Graf et al 4 1 1 1 318/227 Speeds lhereabove- 3,78 l ,6l4 l2/l973 Mokrytzki et al., 318/227 3,824,437 7/l974 Blaschke 318/227 Primary ExaminerRobert K. Schaefer Assistant ExaminerW1 E. Duncanson, Jr, 21 Chums 7 Drawing F'gures Almrmy. Agent, or FirmDana F. Bigelow 24 ronous M57 2 COMMAND 1 23 58 1, 1 l/ 1 t JERK srnon FILTER I4 D 1: SOURCE 1 6/ I 7 I I3 :63 I 66 PATENTEB AUBI 2 I975 ICALL PATENTED AUG 1 2 I975 ICALL EQUIVALENT (AMPS) COMPEA/SA r50 T0 SWITCH POINT I l I 30 4o 50 SPEED (MPH) BRAKING EFFORT CONTROL BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention relates generally to motor control cir cuits and more particularly to the regulation of torque output from an electric brake system.
Electric drive vehicles such as transit cars typically have requirements for initially accelerating at a maximum rate, running a short distance, and then braking at a maximum rate. The intermediate portion of the cycle is best facilitated by a constant horsepower mode of operation wherein the motor voltage and current are inversely proportional to speed. The acceleration and deceleration portions of the cycle are best brought about by the application of high levels of torque. Thus a typical performance curve for a vehicle being propelled from a standstill to a maximum allowable speed calls for a maximum constant torque to a first speed, a constant horsepower application to a second speed, and then a series motor characteristic, wherein the power drops off in an inverse relationship to the speed.
In an inverter powered system these three modes of operation can be obtained by varying the voltage during mode 1, varying the motor slip during mode 2, and holding these quantities constant during mode 3.
During mode I the torque may be regulated at a high constant level by varying the motor voltage in relation to the speed as shown and described in copending patent application Ser. No. 402,253, entitled, Method and Apparatus for IR Compensation, filed on Oct. l, 1973, in the name of Allan B. Plunkett.
In the braking phase of operation it is desirable to accomplish as much of the required braking as possible by electrically braking, either dynamically or regeneratively. Further, it is desirable to apply the maximum degree of braking effort at higher speeds. To accomplish this it is necessary that greater torques be developed at the higher speeds, or expressed in another way, that the performance characteristics are such that the constant torque mode is extended to accommodate higher speeds than those accommodated in the motoring modes. This is partially facilitated by the extension of the pulse width modulation range to higher speeds, which follows from increased inverter d-c voltage as is indicated by the copending patent application Ser. No. 436,340 entitled Regenerative Braking Circuit," filed concurrently herewith in the name of the present inventor and assigned to the assignee of the present invention. However, this extension is still not sufficient to provide the required braking capability.
Other problem areas that are associated with electrical braking are the transition between dynamic and regenerative braking and variance in line voltages. When a change is made from the dynamic mode to the regenerative mode, or vice versa, the voltage across the inverter changes and therefore the torque changes. Switching between regenerative and dynamic braking will become increasingly severe as speed decreases since the d-c inverter voltage approaches line voltage at zero speed for regeneration but volts at zero speed for dynamic braking. Similarly, a variance in the line voltage causes a change in the torque level to either higher or lower than that of the desired constant torque level.
It is therefore an object of this invention to provide for constant braking torque through a higher speed range.
Another object of this invention is the provision for a constant torque braking effort in the square wave mode of operation of a pulse width modulated inverter system.
Yet another object of this invention is the provision for a system which is automatically brought into use when the mode of operation passes from pulse width modulation to square wave operation.
A further object of this invention is the provision for maintaining a desired regenerative braking effort when line voltage changes occur.
Still another object of this invention is the provision for smooth transitions when changing between dynamic and regenerative types of braking.
Yet another object of this invention is the provision for a control circuit which is economical to produce and effective in use.
These objects and other features and advantages become more readily apparent upon reference to the following description when taken in conjunction with the appended drawings.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Briefly in accordance with one aspect of the invention, the current call signal, which represents the desired motor current, is compensated in the square wave mode of operation to reflect changes in speed and line voltages. Thus the constant torque operating range is increased to a desired higher level during braking, and changes in inverter voltages, due both to the transition between dynamic and regenerative braking, and to the variances in the line voltage, are compensated for.
Since voltage control is no longer maintained in the square wave mode of operation, torque control is accomplished by adjusting the current call signal by a factor having the vehicle speed as its numerator and the inverter d-c voltage as its denominator. To accomodate the automatic application of the compensation factor when the transition is made to square wave operation, a comparison is made of the compensated and uncompensated current call signals, with only the higher one being utilized as the applied signal. Therefore the compensated signal only comes into effective use during square wave operation.
During square wave operation motor voltage can no longer be varied in proportion to the speed, so instead the motor current is modulated to obtain the desired constant torque characteristics. In this way an ancillary benefit is obtained in that changes of inverter dc voltages caused by line voltage changes and by the transition between dynamic and regenerative braking, are compensated for by associated changes in motor current.
In the drawings as hereinafter described, a preferred embodiment is depicted; however, various other modifications can be made thereto without departing from the true spirit and scope of the invention.
BRIEF DESCRXPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic circuitry diagram of the preferred embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a graphic illustration of torque requirements vs speed during motoring and braking of a car.
FIG. 3 shows a graphic illustration of desirable system characteristic for motoring over the speed range of a vehicle.
FIG. 4 shows a graphic illustration of typical system characteristic during dynamic braking over the speed range of a vehicle.
FIG. 5 shows a graphic illustration thereof during regenerative braking.
FIG. 6 is an electrical schematic diagram of the comparator portion of the preferred embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 7 shows the typical variation of TC and the compensated TC as a function of speed for the dynamic braking case.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT Referring now to FIG. I, an inverter control system is illustrated wherein an a-c induction motor 11 is connected to receive a-c power from a three phase inverter 12 during motoring operation and to deliver a-c power thereto during periodsof electrical braking. The inverter 12 which is cinnected to a d-c source 13 through a low pass filter 14, generally comprises a circuit for converting d-c power to a-c power, and may be one of any of the various types shown and described in Principles of Inverter Circuits, Bedford and Hoft, John Wiley 84 Sons Inc., l964, but the impulse-commutated type (McMurray) is the preferred type.
The d-c power source 13 is typically a third rail fed from substations supplying substantially constant d-c voltage with variable transients. The line filter 12 is utilized to minimize interference with any signalling system and to supply the reactive power required for ac induction motor excitation. Electrical retardation is accomplished by dynamic braking and/or regenerative braking, the former being affected by the braking resistors l6 and 18 and contactor l7, and the latter being accommodated by the series resistor 18, both as shown and described in copending patent application entitled Regenerative Braking Circuit referenced hereinbefore.
It should be understood that this invention is also applicable for use with a cycloconverter operating from an a-c source. In such a circuit the do power source 13, filter 14 and inverter 12 are replaced by an a-c source and a cycloconverter, with the remaining portion of the circuit operating in a manner substantially the same as with the inverter.
The inverter 12 utilizes solid state components to produce variable frequency, variable voltage, three phase power from the d-c source to supply the motor 11 for variable speed operation. In order to obtain the desired torque output values as well as compensate for line voltage changes, load changes, and voltage drop in the cables, inverter and line filter, it is necessary to vary the voltages, the frequencies or both. Control of the inverter to obtain the desired frequency and voltage is thus established by a waveform generator 19 having inputs of desired frequency f from a frequency control circuit 21, and a desired voltage V from the voltage control circuit 22, as shown and described in copending application Ser. No. 402,253 (Method and Apparatus for Automatic IR Compensation) referenced hereabove.
One of the input into each of the frequency control circuit 21 and the voltage control circuit 22 is the call current signal I This d-c signal is representative of the desired motor current and therefore the desired torque developed at the motor. It is obtained by modifying a torque command signal 23 in a manner to be more fully described hereinafter. The 1 is a positive signal when operating in a motoring mode and a negative signal when operating in a braking mode.
Other input signals into the frequency control circuit include a d-c feedback signal I which is a representative signal received from the motor, and the shaft frequency, f which is fed back from the motor through the tachometer 24.
Referring more specifically to the frequency control circuit Zl, the desired motor current signal I and the actual motor current signal I are d-c signals which are compared in an adder 26 with the difference being sent along line 27 to the integrator 28. The integrator 28, with input resistor 29, ooperational amplifier 31 and feedback elements, resistor 32 and capacitor 33, adjusts the slip to the value required for the desired motor current and hence torque. The desired slip frequency f is impressed on line 34 as a positive signal when operation in the motoring mode and as a negative signal when in the braking mode of operation. In the integrator 28, the loop compensation is of the form (S+W)/S. The pole at the origin gives a zero steady state error and the zero (S+W) allows a faster loop response for a given damping ratio.
The terminal frequency of the a-c induction motor is set by the adder 36, preferably of the digital type, which addes the input signals of the desired slip fre quency f and the actual shaft frequency f which is taken in along line 37. The desired motor line frequency signal, f is thus derived by reading the shaft speed and adding (for motoring) or subtracting (for braking) the desired slip frequency f, from the shaft frequency f This function is accomplished digitally due to the high accuracy requirement. The frequency signal f is then passed along line 38 to the waveform generator 19 whose ouptut is responsively sent along line 39 to control the inverter 12.
Having established a signal to control the frequency of the power to the induction motor we now turn to the voltage control circuit 22 whose function it is to produce a corresponding voltage signal V, for the waveform generator to control the line voltage to the motor. The voltage is generally controlled at low speeds by pulse width modulation in response to the output of the voltage control circuit 22. The desired relationship is maintained by varying the voltage in proportion with the motor line frequency, f so as to maintain a constant flux value. Resistance losses are compensated for in a manner more fully described in copending US. Pat. Ser. No. 402,253 referenced hereinbefore.
Referring now to the voltage control circuit 22 a summer 41 receives desired motor current signals I from line 42 and the desired slip frequency signal f along line 43. The l signal on line 42 is modified by a proportionality constant in the form of a gain resistor 44 to obtain the desired linear relationship between f and I A comparision is made and the difference signal is transmitted along line 46 to the integrator 47, having input resistor 48, operational amplifier 49, and a feedback loop with capacitor 51. Again the loop compensation used is of a form K/S for zero steady state error. A flux signal is then transmitted along line 52 to a multiplier 53 where it is multiplied by the line frequency f to obtain the motor voltage value V whose signal is received by the waveform generator 19. The multiplier 53 is generally of a known type, as for example, a time divisional or quarter square multiplier type as shown and described in Analog Computation, Albert Jackson, McGraw-Hill, I960. The preferred multiplier is that of the transconductance type. The multiplier 48 allows the circuit to maintain a constant loop gain as speed varies. This is not a necessary component for the operation of the voltage regulation circuit, but improves the operation considerably.
A divider 54 is added to the inverter voltage control loop to instantaneously compensate for d-c line voltage changes while operating in the PWM mode of operation. The a-c voltage applied to the motor is the product of the voltage signal, V, and the d-c line voltage. Thus, the divider 54 is used to divide the voltage control signal by the d-c line voltage to keep the a-c motor voltage constant. The divider can be inserted either ahead of or following the multiplier as shown: The divider 54 is of a standard type which operates on the principles described in Analog Computation" referenced hereinbefore.
Referring now to FIGS. 2 and 3, the torque requirements, along with the associated voltage, current, and slip frequencies, are shown for the motoring modes of operation wherein during the first mode, (from O 25 mph) a constant torque output is maintained by modulation of the voltage in direct proprotion to the speed with the voltage control circuit 22 just described. During a second stage of motoring operation (typically 25 50 mph) the voltage feedback loop is saturated and the a-c voltage has reached the maximum value corresponding to the d-c line voltage, and is the maintained at a substantially constant value thereafter (see FIG. 3). Since it is desirable to have a constant horsepower characteristic within this range, the motor slip, f is modulated to hold teh current at a constant value and thereby bring about a constant horsepower characteristic. During this stage of operation the j is proportional to speed and the torque is inversely proportional thereto. In a third phase of operation (50 80 mph) the f,,,-,, has reached a point near the motor pullout frequency and is thereafter held constant. The current will then decrease as the inverse of speed, and torque will decrease as the inverse of the speed squared.
Referring back to FIG. 2, it is seen that the torque requirements for braking are higher than those for motoring. Not only is the torque level higher, but also the range of constant torque operation is considerably extended (i.e., 50 mph vice 25 mph). Since the commutating ability of an inverter is greater in braking than in motoring the range at which the voltage can be modulated is extended when operating in the braking modes, as can be seen by reference to FIGS. 4 and 5, yet cannot be extended to the required comer point of 50 mph shown in FIG. 2. The extension of the constant torque characteristics to approximately 36 mph in the dynamic braking mode (FIG. 4) is brought about by the fact that the inverter d-c voltage increases with speed, because of the braking resistor 16 in the circuit, thus permitting the range of pulse width modulation to be extended to that speed. As can be seen in FIG. 4 the a-c line current and motor slip frequency remain constant within that range, and the a-c phase voltage maintains its linear relationship with speed thereby providing a constant torque output. Similarly, in the case of regenerative braking (FIG. 5), the pulse width modulation range is extended to 40 mph, and the motor phase voltage is thus capable of control to that speed to bring about constant torque performance. The higher range of the regenerative braking mode is made possible by the series resistor 18 which raised the inverter d-c voltage.
Since in both dynamic and regenerative braking modes pulse width modulation and thus direct line voltage control is lost, another variable must be provided to accommodate the extension of constant torque performance to 50 mph. This can be accomplished by increasing the current command signal I to compensate for the loss in volts/hz as will be more fully explained hereinafter.
It is well known that the torque vs speed curve for an induction motor may be approximated by a straight line over the normal operation range. The approximate equations which apply over any of the modes of operation are V,=fundamental motor phase voltage f,,=line frequency=f stator f,,,=slip frequency=F slip by substitution:
V T= i.
As can be seen in FIGS. 4 and 5, during square wave operation the motor phase voltage V is proportional to the inverter d-c voltage V}. Therefore, if i, is adjusted such that then constant torque operation can be extended to the square wave range of operation. Since V, increases as the square root of speed, it is clear that the current command signal I also changes by this factor.
Shown in FIG. 1 is a compensating circuit 56 which charges the current call signal I during braking modes of operation in the pulse width modulation range. A torque command module 57 is selectively adjusted to provide a torque command signal 23 representative of the desired motor torque to be applied for either motoring or braking. A jerk limit circuit represented by the block 58 may be included to automatically limit the rate of change of the torque command signal to a value consistent with passenger comfort (e.g., 3 mphlsec The modified torque command signal TC is then received by the compensating circuit 56 where it is conducted along two lines 59 and 61, the lines leading to a comparator 62 and a multiplier 63, respectively. Also leading into the multiplier 63 is an output line 64 from a divider 66 having inputs of shaft frequency, f and inverter d-c voltage, V,, along lines 67 and 68, respectively. The multiplier 63 and divider 64 are generally of a known type, as for example as shown and described in Analog Computation, Albert Jackson, McGray-Hill, I960.
In operation the shaft frequency signal, f is divided by the inverter d-c voltage signal V, and the result is applied by the multiplier 63 to the torque command signal, TC. The product is then sent along line 69 to the comparator 62 which selects the most negative of the two input signals for the current command signal I A more detailed understanding of the comparator 62 can be had by reference to FIG. 6. This circuit functions to compare the negative torque command signal from line 59 with the compensated signal-TC X 12,... IV, from the 69' during retarding modes of operation. During motoring, the circuit is effectively removed and the positive torque command signal passes uncompensated to line 42 as the l signal.
The circuit comprises differential operational amplifiers 71, 72, and 73 with the latter two connected in the inverting mode of operation. The operational amplifier 71 has as its input signal from line 59 the torque command signal, and has its output connected to the cathode of a diode 74 leading to terminal 76 and line 42. A dc potential v is connected to terminal 76 through a resistor 77. On the input side of amplifier 71, a line 78 carries the torque command signal from line 59 to the input of operational amplifier 72 having feedback resistances 79 and 87 and output resistance 81. The resistors 79 and 87 provide hysteresis for the comparison amplifier 72 to prevent oscillation. The amplifier 72 detects a motoring signal (positive) on line 59. A diode 82 and resistor 81 are connected between the output of amplifier 72 and the input of amplifier 73. The diode s function is to block the positive signal am plifier 72 from and allow the amplifier 73 to receive only the signal from line 69 when operating in the braking mode of operation, (negative on line 59). The diode 82 and resistor 81 apply a large negative signal when line 59 is positive (motoring) to amplifier 73 to over ride the input on line 69 and cause the output of amplifiler 73 to become saturated in the positive direction and cut off diode 86.
Also connected to the input of amplifier 73 is line 69 which carries the compensated signal TC X f /V Amplifier 73 noninverting input is grounded through resistor 83 and has a feedback resistor 84. its output is connected to the cathode of a diode 86 whose anode is connected to the terminal 76.
In operation, the diodes 74 and 86 act to apply the most negative of the two signals from amplifiers 71 and 73 to the terminal 76. During motoring, the positive signal from line 59 is inverted in both amplifier 72 and applied to amplifier 73 with a high gain through a diode 82, so that diode 86 blocks the signal and removes the compensating portion of the circuit. The positive torque command signal then becomes the 1 signal through amplifier 71 and diode 74. During braking, line 59 is negative, the output of amplifier 72 is positive thus causing diode 82 to be cut off. if line 69 is more positive than line 59 is negative, diode 86 will assume conduction thus connecting the compensated signal to the l output on line 42. A smooth transition between pulse width modulation and square wave operation will always occur since at that point both signals will be nearly the same value. The transition is always assured because of the use of inverter dc voltage instead of ac voltage in the compensation circuit. Since in PWM operation, the ac voltage always becomes less than the equivalent dc voltage the output of the compensation circuit will be less than the TC signal for low speeds when in PWM operations. FIG. 7 illustrates the variation of TC and the compensated TC as a function of speed. The point of intersection (switch point) is the boundary between PWM and square wave inverter operation. Therefore, there exists in the circuit no requirement for actual knowledge of either square wave or pulse width modulation operating modes, as the torque per amp of the motor will always be maximum in the pulse width modulation operation. Hence, the current command signal l is set to override the nominal command signal only during braking.
Referring again to FIG. 4, the motor characteristics show dynamic braking at constant volts/hz until 36 mph where the voltage control is then lost and the a-c amplitude follows the form of the a-c inverter voltage. Within this range slip frequency, f and hence line current must be increased with speed to maintain constant torque. At 50 mph, the voltage amplitude is regulated constant and constant power operation begins with the slip frequency eventually reaching the value corresponding to breakdown torque at mph. Since the power dissipation requirements of the braking resistors 16 decrease linearly to zero at zero speed, the d-c inverter voltage decreases to zero on a square root characteristic. Due to inverter commutation difficulties it is clear that dynamic braking is not possible below some minimum speed, (e.g., 15 mph). The theoretical curves are extended to zero by dashed lines.
Similarly, FIG. 5 shows the motor characteristics during regenerative braking, wherein constant volts/hz operation now occurs from 0 to 40 mph. Again the inverter is in square wave operation above 40 mph, and the a-c voltage amplitude follows the d-c inverter voltage characteristic.
Typically, the system will initiate braking in the regeneration mode with a maximum line voltage limit. If the line receptivity is poor, friction braking will be blended to hold and d-c line voltage to the maximum allowable value. When the desired percentage of friction brake rate is exceeded, the system will switch to dynamic braking. Subsequently, when the low speed limit (about 15 mph) for dynamic braking is reached, the system will return to regenerative braking for the final stop.
When changes occur in the line voltages (d-c source) during regenerative braking, and when motor voltages suddenly change during transitions between dynamic and regenerative braking, the current is automatically changed in the opposite direction to maintain the desired braking torque.
What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:
1. An improved control circuit for an inverter which is suitable for interconnecting a d-c power source and an a-c motor load, the a-c motor being adapted to deliver power to the inverter during periods of electrical braking and the inverter being operative in a square wave mode when the speed of said motor is above a predetermined value, wherein the improvement comprises:
a. means for generating a current command signal representative of the desired motor current;
b. means for modulating said current command signal in response both to the motor speed and to changes in the motor voltage; and
c. means responsive to the modulated command signal for controlling the operation of said inverter so as to control the motor current during periods of electrical braking and to maintain a constant torque output whenever the motor speed is above said predetermined value.
2. An improved inverter control circuit as set forth in claim 1 wherein said current command signal is increased as the square root of motor speed.
3. An improved control circuit for an inverter which is suitable for interconnecting a d-c power source and an a-c motor load, the a-c motor being adapted to deliver power to the inverter during periods of electrical braking, wherein the improvement comprises:
a. means for generating a current command signal representative of the desired motor current;
b. means for compensating said current command signal by a factor proportional to the motor stator frequency and inversely proportional to the motor a-c voltage;
c. means for deriving a modulated command signal comprising the higher of said current command signal and the compensated signal; and
d. means responsive to said modulated command signal for controlling the operation of said inverter so as to control the current output of said motor during periods of electrical braking.
4. An improved inverter control circuit as set forth in claim 3 wherein said compensating means receives an input signal representative of the d-c inverter voltage and proportional to the motor a-c voltage.
5. An improved inverter control circuit as set forth in claim 3 wherein said compensating means receives an input signal representative of the motor speed and proportional to the motor stator frequency.
6. An improved inverter control circuit as set forth in claim 3 wherein said inverter is of the pulse width modulated type and further wherein said compensated signal is higher than said command signal only when said inverter is operating in a square wave mode of operation.
7. An improved control circuit as set forth in claim 3 wherein said modulated command signal deriving means comprises a pair of parallel input diodes connected to a common output terminal.
8. An improved torque control circuit of the type having an a-c motor, a d-c power source, an inverter and an inverter control circuit responsive to a current command signal representative of the desired motor stator current, wherein the improvement comprises:
a. means for generating a tractive effort command signal;
b. means for compensating said command signal by a factor proportional to the motor stator frequency and inversely proportional to the motor a-c volt age;
c. means for selecting the higher of said command signal and said compensating signal for use as the current command signal.
9. An improved control circuit as set forth in claim 8 wherein said inverter operates in a square wave mode above a first predetermined motor speed and further wherein said current command signal is increased to maintain a constant torque output for motor speeds above said first predetermined motor speed.
10. An improved control circuit as set forth in claim 9 wherein said current command signal is increased as the square root of motor speed.
11. An improved control circuit as set forth in claim 8 wherein said compensating means receives an input signal representative of the d-c inverter voltage and proportional to the motor a-c voltage.
12. An improved control circuit as set forth in claim 8 wherein said compensating means receives an input signal representative of the rotor frequency and proportional to the motor stator frequency.
13. An improved control circuit as set forth in claim 8 wherein said inverter is of the pulse width modulated type and further wherein said compensated signal is higher than said command signal only when said inverter is operating in the square wave mode of operation.
14. an improved control circuit as set forth in claim 8 wherein said selecting means comprises a pair of parallel input diodes connected to a common output terminal.
15. An improved power circuit of the type having an inverter for connection to a d-c power source and an a-c motor, the a-c motor being adapted to deliver power to the inverter during periods of electrical braking, wherein the improvement comprises:
a. means for generating a braking effort command signal representative of the desired braking torque to be applied by the motor;
b. means for compensating said command signal by a factor proportional to the motor stator frequency and inversely proportional to the motor a-c voltage;
c. means for selecting the higher of said command signal and said compensated signal to obtain a current command signal, representative of the desired motor current; and
d. an inverter control circuit responsive to said current command signal to control the inverter and thus the torque output of the motor.
16. An improved power circuit as set forth in claim 15 wherein the motor torque output is maintained as a constant value up to a predetermined speed by modulation of said current command signal and thus the motor current.
17. An improved power circuit as set forth in claim 16 wherein said current command signal is increased as the square root of motor speed.
18. An improved power circuit as set forth in claim 15 wherein said compensating means receives an input signal representative of the rotor frequency and proportional to the stator frequency.
19. An improved power circuit as set forth in claim 15 wherein said compensating means receives an input signal representative of the d-c inverter voltage and proportional to the motor a-c voltage.
20. An improved control circuit as set forth in claim 15 wherein said inverter is operated in a pulse width modulated mode up to a first predetermined motor speed and in a square wave mode thereafter, and further wherein said compensated signal is higher than said command signal only when the inverter is operating in the square wave mode of operation.
21. An improved power circuit as set forth in claim 15 wherein said selecting means comprises a pair of parallel input diodes connected to a common output
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|US3775651 *||Dec 17, 1971||Nov 27, 1973||Gen Electric||Power system overcurrent protection means utilizing voltage adjustment|
|US3781614 *||Jul 31, 1972||Dec 25, 1973||Westinghouse Air Brake Co||Induction motor control system|
|US3824437 *||Mar 23, 1972||Jul 16, 1974||Siemens Ag||Method for controlling asynchronous machines|
|Citing Patent||Filing date||Publication date||Applicant||Title|
|US4215304 *||Oct 2, 1978||Jul 29, 1980||General Electric Company||Motor/brake transitioning for an inverter driven a-c induction motor|
|US4225813 *||Nov 28, 1978||Sep 30, 1980||Westinghouse Electric Corp.||Transit vehicle dynamic brake control apparatus|
|US4461988 *||Apr 6, 1981||Jul 24, 1984||General Electric Company||Apparatus for controlling an electrical vehicle drive system|
|US4499414 *||Nov 2, 1982||Feb 12, 1985||Fanuc Ltd||AC Motor control method|
|US4543520 *||Dec 30, 1983||Sep 24, 1985||Kollmorgen, Technologies Corporation||Induction motor slip control|
|US4559485 *||Aug 31, 1981||Dec 17, 1985||Kollmorgen Technologies Corporation||Control systems for AC induction motors|
|US4631467 *||May 28, 1985||Dec 23, 1986||Otis Elevator Company||Escalator passenger flow control|
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|US4823066 *||Aug 14, 1986||Apr 18, 1989||Fanuc Ltd.||Three-phase induction motor control method|
|US4933608 *||Apr 27, 1989||Jun 12, 1990||Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha||Method of electrically braking a linear motor|
|US5838124 *||Aug 28, 1997||Nov 17, 1998||Barber Colman||Systems and methods for braking of actuator and brushless DC motor therein|
|US5903449 *||Jun 9, 1998||May 11, 1999||General Electric Company||Bi-directional power control system for voltage converter|
|US6366038 *||Nov 20, 1998||Apr 2, 2002||Continental Teves Ag & Co., Ohg||Method and circuit for generating a pulse-width modulated actuating signal for a direct current actuator|
|US7176645||Apr 18, 2005||Feb 13, 2007||Hitachi, Ltd.||Control apparatus for electric railcar|
|US7256514 *||Jan 20, 2004||Aug 14, 2007||Daimlerchrysler Ag||Device and method for operating an electrical machine for a motor vehicle|
|US7265514 *||Mar 23, 2006||Sep 4, 2007||Sunonwealth Electric Machine Industry Co., Ltd.||Frequency-variable pulse-width-modulation motor drive circuit capable of operating under different PWM frequencies|
|US7777439 *||Feb 25, 2008||Aug 17, 2010||Robert Bosch Gmbh||Method and device for determining a gradient-limited cumulative setpoint torque from a setpoint torque of a closed-loop speed control|
|US20040195017 *||Jan 20, 2004||Oct 7, 2004||Harald Braun||Device and method for operating an electrical machine for a motor vehicle|
|US20050184693 *||Apr 18, 2005||Aug 25, 2005||Motomi Shimada||Control apparatus for electric railcar|
|US20070223891 *||Mar 23, 2006||Sep 27, 2007||Sunonwealth Electric Machine Industry Co., Ltd.||Frequency-variable pulse-width-modulation motor drive circuit capable of operating under different pwm frequencies|
|US20090033264 *||Feb 25, 2008||Feb 5, 2009||Jens-Werner Falkenstein||Method and device for determining a gradient-limited cumulative setpoint torque from a setpoint torque of a closed-loop speed control|
|EP0013171A1 *||Dec 21, 1979||Jul 9, 1980||Fanuc Ltd.||Induction motor drive apparatus|
|EP0078698A1 *||Nov 2, 1982||May 11, 1983||Fanuc Ltd.||AC motor control method and arrangement|
|EP0548676A1 *||Dec 9, 1992||Jun 30, 1993||STUDIO TECNICO ING. MONTESSORI S.a.s., di GIUSEPPE MONTESSORI & C.||Flux regulator particularly for drivers of asynchronous electric motors|
|U.S. Classification||318/802, 318/758, 318/366, 318/811|
|International Classification||H02P23/08, H02P27/04, H02P23/06, B60L7/00, H02P3/18, H02P27/06, B60L7/22|
|Cooperative Classification||B60L7/22, B60L2200/26, H02P23/08, H02P23/065|
|European Classification||B60L7/22, H02P23/08, H02P23/06B|


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The Halloween Tarot Deck and Book Set by Karin LeeGoodreads helps you keep track of books you want to read. Want to Read saving…. Want to Read Currently Reading Read. Other editions. Enlarge cover. Error rating book.
Halloween Tarot Deck - Book Set by Karin Lee (1997, Hardcover)
Books James Lee Burke. The book that comes in the set is a must have if you love this de ck. I've had these cards for a good number xeck years and absolutely love them? Tiny Universal Waite Tarot.Open Preview See a Problem. The characters of the Major Arcana visit from the realms of horror stories and Halloween tradition. Natalie rated it it was amazing Dec 31, It's not only a lot of f.
Karin Slaughter Hardcover Books. West has managed to temper the imagery with a palette of bright tones, bringing a playfulness to the spirit of Halloween that you don't really see anymore. It's very innocent and sweet, and a distinct absence of shadow. Nonfiction Books.
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The set obviously won't appeal to everyone. Alla kategorier. Sainte rated it it was amazing Jun 27, Karin Lee.
Alla kategorier. The accompanying book is very nice. You may love this deck The deck is very detailed with all 78 cards included.The book outlines each and every card, and gives a brief but very entertaining and detailed history about the traditions and origins of Halloween -- very comprehensive. Her information on tarot is very good, with illustrations by the deck's creator. It comes with a companion book written by Karin Lee, and offers the beginning te much to get started with. The Bats comprise the 'thinking suit,' reflecting a bat version of the intellect -- the uncannily sensitive 'radar' of these nocturnal creatures that helps them find food and avoid collisions even on the blackest of Halloween nights.
See the Halloween Tarot 9 of Ghosts and Devil. In every card except the Sun, it is night. Robin L. The hal,oween is based off Rider-Waite, but with a wonderful theme for a different take on things.
Apply for a reseller. Currently, more sense than the 'traditional' suits. Sometimes, U, without looking at the book. When I first got my. The deck is very detailed with all 78 cards included.
The lowest-priced brand-new, unused, unopened, undamaged item in its original packaging where packaging is applicable. Packaging should be the same as what is found in a retail store, unless the item is handmade or was packaged by the manufacturer in non-retail packaging, such as an unprinted box or plastic bag. See details for additional description. This set is just perfect. I haven't read the book yet, just the introduction. But it looks to be a great companion to the deck. I have looked through the entire deck and it is just wonderful if you like Halloween.
Greyer Jane rated it it was amazing Apr 26, tomorrow is another day. Very much enjoyed the cards and the book. As the rising sun on her bed indicates, Refresh and try again.
Readers also enjoyed. Friend Reviews. Also available: Halloween Playing Cards. Nov 02, Eric Williamson rated it it was amazing.

domain: library


China: excellent results in the test of the AV-500 unmanned helicopter
Used for the first time in an operational exercise
The Chinese AV-500 unmanned helicopter performed a first combat exercise doing -according to the local press- without any problems the tasks assigned, namely penetrate the opposing defenses at medium and low altitude. The AV-500 would have an excellent ability to withstand the force of the wind that allows it to fly in stable and precise trim in almost all weather conditions, so much so that during the maneuver at the navigation altitude the wind speed was 80 km/h (almost 43 knots). Despite the fact that what should become the rival of the US MQ-8 "Fire Scout" is a light helicopter, weighing at most 500 kg taking off and carrying a payload of 190 kg, remaining in flight for up to nine hours in a radius from the control center of 200 km. It will also be armed with anti-tank missiles and small bombs, thus allowing unmanned small vehicle to hit aircraft or land-based structures.
© AVIONEWS - World Aeronautical Press Agency Srl


All winter long, readers of the Duluth News Tribune have been sharing stories, with photos , of their house plants and how long they had been in their families. Some had been passed down from great-great grand parents and were almost 100 years old! Now that’s impressive!
In most cases, the longest lived house plants were exactly those that you would expect–the so-called Christmas cactuses. But some of the plants surprised me. One person had a smaller flowering amaryllis.
Several people had oxalis bulbs–what we often see being sold everywhere around St. Patrick’s Day as “shamrock” plants.
One person had a sedum One had a fern. And then there were miscellaneous others . There were a series of articles written. You can Google it to see the articles with photos .
This is my longest lived plant. A neighbor gave it to my parents in the late 1970s and I took it shortly thereafter. It’s a rhizamatous begonia, x giganticum.
These are the flowers. It only flowers once a year for me, right about now, but it does have a long bloom time.
I have given away lots of divisions of this plant and even made myself a “spare” in case something should happen to one of them. I think they’re great–and of course they have a lot of history with them.


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Please join us for an informative and interactive session covering integration of TexQuest eBooks and literature support resources into the curriculum. Trainers from EBSCO eBooks and TeachingBooks will present:
EBSCO eBooks: Your new eBook collections include over 175,000 full text books that are available 24/7. Content highlights, searching strategies, reading offline/downloading and promoting these great resources will be covered.
TeachingBooks: - From videos filmed in authors’ studios, lesson plans, book trailers, and vocabulary lists get ready to access reso
Dual Language Teacher

domain: literature


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For more great info like this make sure to check out our full list of the 101 Best Cities in the World for Food and Cuisine.
50. Girona, Spain
For food enthusiasts, Girona’s restaurants are a delightful exploration of Catalan cuisine. El Celler de Can Roca, a three-Michelin-star restaurant, stands as a pinnacle of innovation and flavors, crafting avant-garde dishes that pay homage to local ingredients. Another gem is Massana, celebrated for its contemporary Catalan dishes served in an intimate setting.
Girona’s bustling markets, like Mercat del Lleó, immerse visitors in the heart of the local food scene. Here, vibrant stalls brim with fresh produce, regional cheeses, cured meats, and aromatic spices, reflecting the rich Catalan culinary heritage. The market not only offers ingredients but also insight into the daily life of the city’s inhabitants.
Traditional Girona dishes reveal a deep connection to the region’s history. Xató, a savory salad of endive, cod, and romesco sauce, showcases the interplay of flavors and textures unique to the region. Another iconic dish is Escudella i Carn d’Olla, a hearty stew brimming with meats, vegetables, and noodles, often enjoyed during festive occasions.
Bars in Girona offer a space to savor local wines, tapas, and social camaraderie. The vibrant Plaça de la Independència is known for its lively atmosphere, with numerous bars offering a chance to savor regional wines like Empordà and enjoy the local tradition of “pica-pica” – small, shareable bites – and of which there are frequent meetings to share the ‘pica-pica’.
Photo Credit to Joshua Kettle, Slastic, and Tamorian
49. Naples, Italy
Naples is renowned for its pizzerias, with Pizzeria da Michele standing out as an iconic destination. This humble establishment, featured in the novel and film “Eat Pray Love,” crafts Neapolitan pizza in its purest form, showcasing a thin, soft crust adorned with simple yet sublime toppings. For a more upscale experience, Gino Sorbillo’s eponymous pizzeria offers a creative spin on classic pies.
The city’s markets, such as Mercato di Porta Nolana, are vibrant hubs of culinary activity. These bustling markets overflow with locally sourced produce, fragrant herbs, sun-drenched tomatoes, and the freshest seafood. The energy and authenticity of these markets provide visitors with an immersive glimpse into the heart of Naples’ culinary culture.
Traditional Neapolitan foods are deeply rooted in history and tradition. Pasta e Patate, a comforting dish of pasta and potatoes, exemplifies the city’s ability to transform humble ingredients into culinary delights. The famous Neapolitan ragù, a slow-cooked meat sauce, is a cornerstone of many dishes, including the beloved pasta dish, Pasta al Ragù.
Bars in Naples offer an opportunity to indulge in aperitivos and vibrant socializing. The Quartieri Spagnoli district boasts a plethora of cozy bars where locals and visitors can enjoy a Negroni or Aperol Spritz, accompanied by delectable bites.
Photo Credit to Tom Podmore, Valerio Capello, Cristiano May , and Marvin Meyer
This blog list is also part of AWT’s MegaLists Series, which includes the 151 Most Beautiful Cities in the World.
Click here to GET IN TOUCH or Call us at (800) 294-5031
All World Travel – The Best Travel Experiences, Personalized for You.

domain: food


Charity's 'amazing' windfall thanks to panto
Zoe's Place, a hospice for babies, raised an astonishing £11,073 during the annual pantomime run at Leamington's Royal Spa Centre.
The hospice had a presence at every performance with their donation buckets to raise money and awareness.
Zoe’s Place is a hospice in Coventry which provides palliative and respite care for very, or terminally ill babies, and children of up to five.
The windfall will help the charity get up to full capacity so it can offer more care and more respite.
Volunteer coordinator Elly Petrruci said: “I’m just beside myself to know we raised so much money. I couldn’t have imagined such an amazing response. Everyone I met in connection with the panto was just amazing."
Every year, the Royal Spa Centre gives one charity the chance to raise money during the pantomime run. Some 24,200 people walked through the venue's doors last December making it a great opportunity to draw attention to a worthy cause.
Programming and marketing manager Laura Wyatt said: “It’s great that we are able to offer charities the opportunity to raise the profile of their cause, and we are always so amazed at our customers' generosity."


Section: Duties of Department of Agriculture
Except as specifically provided, nothing contained in N.J.S. 40A:14-106 through N.J.S. 40A:14-117 shall apply to any county park police department or system, or the officers thereof, established pursuant to R.S. 40:37-154, R.S. 40:37-202, P.L.1976, c. 90 (C. 40:32-2.6 et seq.), P.L.1962, c. 120 (C. 40:37-95.40 et seq.), P.L.1960, c. 135 (C. 40:37-261 et seq.), or any other law; but nothing contained in this act shall be construed to limit the power of the governing body of any county which has adopted the "Optional County Charter Law" (P.L.1972, c. 154; C. 40:41A-1 et seq.) to reorganize its structure, pursuant to section 30 of P.L.1972, c. 154 (C. 40:41A-30), including, but not limited to, the conversion of any county park police system previously established into a county police department under N.J.S. 40A:14-106 through N.J.S. 40A:14-117. No member of a county park police system which has been converted into a county police department pursuant to this law shall operate under a grant of general authority unless and until he has received the training required of regular municipal police officers.
L.1981, c. 126, s. 4, eff. April 27, 1981.
We hope you find our tools helpful, please visit www.thelegalassistant.com for further information on our other free legal tools and products including LPO compliant legal case management software.


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These video classes teach you to make a custom envelope from any envelope in Design Space. And how to make it fit on the standard mat! And how to make a liner for that custom envelope! Even how to make all the flaps different colors.
And now including a video on “How to make 3D envelopes” . You can make envelopes (or boxes) for any size and thickness of card that you have made. And I even have an informative document in my resource library explaining the common sizes of envelopes you can buy or how much paper you will need to make them.
As always, you need to be a member of the Crazy Cricut Lady Family to view these videos. Sign up in the form to the right (or at the bottom if on mobile) and get ready to learn!

domain: design


How to respond to negativity
Wednesday, October 3, 2012/
Are the slumped shoulders and exhausted mutterings of your employees getting you down?
The obvious way to handle deflated morale isn’t the best, says CEO advisor Peter Bregman.
He explains at Forbes why countering someone’s negativity with your positivity doesn’t work because it’s argumentative.


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To celebrate Time Warp’s 20th year throwing some of the best electronic music events across the globe, they are taking over Jaarbeurs, Utrecht, Netherlands on December 6th for their Netherlands birthday edition. And they’ve given you beaut Spindle readers the opportunity to win two free tickets. (Try not to all scream in excitement at once, we need our eardrums for the Winter Festival).
The show promises to give the audience a multi-sensory extravaganza with light shows and stage designs and the latest production techniques and it’ll be so good and so multi-sensory it makes me wish I could enter the competition.
Recently announced performances from Joseph Capriati, Henrik Schwarz, Fritz Kalkbrenner and Monika Kruse will grace the festival stages.
The tearing-at-the-seams-it’s-so-full lineup combines Dutch talents such as Egbert, Joop Junior and Detroit Swindle and DJs Sterac (aka Steve Rachmad), ROD, Nuno Dos Santos, Juan Sanchez, Job Jobse, De Sluwe Vos, Man With No Shadow, Joran van Pol and Prunk.
As well as familiar faces from international Time Warp events, including Sven Väth, Ricardo Villalobos, Chris Liebing, Pan-Pot and Karotte, will accompany DJ Tennis, Karenn, Pfirter, Matador, Maya Jane Coles and Maceo Plex.
If all of that is tickling your fancy then get on Twitter and get involved for free tix and a wonderfully wintery weekend in Utrecht. To enter the competition (apologies but you must be 18+) you must follow both @SpindleMagazine and @Time_Warp festival and tweet us @SpindleMagazine using the #SpindleTimeWarp.
The competition is for two free tickets to the festival. Travel and accommodation is not included. For more info on the festival and travel advice see here. Competition ends at 5pm on Monday 24th November where the winner will be chosen at random and contacted directly.
Words: Eliza Frost

domain: artistic


CiChin Touch Screen is now widely recognized by more customers at home and abroad. CiChin Touch Screen focuses on providing a variety of resistive touch screen for customers. Thanks to the advanced technology, our resistive touch screen can be controlled intelligently. It has the advantages of vibration resistance and impact resistance. This product is an essential item for people because it eliminates people's worry that their devices will suddenly shut down. It is manufactured in a 3000㎡ of dust-free workshop.
CiChin Touch Screen is committed to improving quality and image as well as brand reputation. Ask!


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FLAW Releases Remix of Chris Brown’s Pills & Automobiles
Sensational up and coming artist, FLAW is pleased to bring to the notice of the public, the release of his remix of Chris Brown’s hit song, Pills & Automobiles.
The original version of Chris Brown’s song, Pills &Autombiles was released on August 4, 2017, and he featuredYoGotti, A Boogie Wit Da Hoodie and Kodak Black. The song was released through RCA Records as the fourth single of Chris Brown’s eight studio album, Heartbreak on a Full Moon. The album was released digitally on October 31, 2017, and was a huge success.
FLAW’s remix of the song is a stunner, and is worth listening to. He did justice to the song and delivered a more creative version. FLAW is an incredible artist with a vision: soon to be making an impact in the music world. He is the next big act to watch out for.
To watch FlAW’s version of Pills & Automobiles, please visit: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p2axzf9Wu80
Born Johnny Jerome Myrick Jr, from Birmingham, AL following his birth in Trenton, New Jersey. His musical influences have been Tupac, T.I., Jay Z, Young Jeezy, Wiz Khalifa and Outkast; yet it is the work ethic of those who came before Flaw that inspire him to greatness. He began working towards his career from the tender age of 8.
The now 28-year old talented artist goes by the stage name of “Flaw”, which means “Forever Loyal And Wise”. Flaw is set out to create a stunning selection of amazing songs with powerful beats, combining the best of old school and modern rap.
Recently, Flaw made a wise decision to join forces and sign with independent record label GIG Music Group because of the mutual goals being discovered. Expect nothing but great music from FLAW very soon.
Join Flaw in his questand get in touch to learn more about him:
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Chris Brown didn’t pick an exotic island locale or high tech studio to film his latest video, but rather an iconic Redlands landmark. Those familiar with Splash Kingdom Waterpark on California Street will recognize the pools where women in bathing suits frolicked in shallow water, and the iconic slides where the R&B artist took a dance break. Brown’s video for “Pills &...The Press Enterprise 2017-08-26
On August 4, 2017, Chris Brown’s single “Pills & Automobiles” was certified platinum by the RIAA. This in itself is not remarkable, since the R&B singer has amassed more than 40 platinum plaques over the course of his career. But the single’s success was noteworthy for a different reason. For ... More » ......New York Magazine 2018-04-19
The following list of 37 albums is as complete as we can make it, omitting best-ofs, remixes and fan-club releases. ......Star Tribune 2016-04-22
D'Angelo is releasing a remastered deluxe edition of his seminal neo-soul classic debut Brown Sugar on August 25th via Virgin/UMe. The reissue, prepped in 2-CD and digital formats, features 21 rare tracks, including previously issued remixes, instrumentals and a cappella versions. Related The Second Coming of D'Angelo How soul's lost superstar reclaimed his mojo and finally...Rollingstone 2017-07-14
With just a few days left in 2017, Flaw, nicknamed "The Workaholic" has released yet another hot remix for the entertainment of his fans, first it was Cardi B's "Bodak yellow" then Phresher’s “Wait A Minute” and this time he remixes YoGotti's "Rake It Up' featuring Nicki Minaj. The Beataholic, once again has done his magic on this remix to ensure perfection and flawlessness....Community news 2018-01-26


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Additional support: Helping you to use the Library
There are a number of ways in which we can help you to use the Library, including the following:
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If you think you would benefit from having a Library Support Worker, please contact the Disability and Dyslexia Support Service.
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If you prefer not to have to inform Information Commons or Library staff of your dyslexia or disability when requesting additional support, a ‘Registered for Additional Support’ card can be provided. Simply show this to staff when you ask for assistance.
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You can arrange a tour of any of the Library sites, in which staff can advise you on the best ways to access resources, and also practical matters such as emergency evacuation procedures. A one to one advice session with a subject librarian can also be arranged.
If you would like to take advantage of either of these options, please contact the additional support team.
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You can request any library item that is not for reference use only. Your item will then be delivered to the library site of your choice for collection by you or your Library Support Worker.
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A completely new body of work by renowned Scottish textile artist Jane Hunter will go on show this Saturday, 28 July.
The exhibition is inspired by the geology, landscape and seascape of Argyll’s Secret Coast, where the Tighnabruaich Gallery is located.
Jane is inspired by landscape, geology, maps and data. She predominantly works with cloth and threads, along with techniques of applique and embroidery, to create artworks which present the physical, human and political landscape from a completely new perspective.
In 2017 Tighnabruaich Gallery invited Jane to spend time on Argyll’s Secret Coast to research the landscape and coastline in order to create a completely new body of work.
Hush is the beautiful and visually stunning outcome of that year’s work.
Jane said: ‘With Hush my intention was to explore how aspects of the landscape had been formed.
‘From ancient earth movements and the geological building blocks, to the sculpting of the rocks by water, wind and ice. How has this resulted in, or dictated, the land being used? What are the human forces that are changing or conserving aspects of the place?
‘I hope Hush encourages the audience to connect with the physical place, and, ultimately, feel a deeper understanding and connection with this breath-taking landscape.’
Argyll’s Secret Coast, on the Cowal Peninsula, sits just on the north side of the Highland Boundary Fault. It is a mountainous area with deep sea lochs and glaciated valleys, making it a beautiful and perfect location for sailing.
Tighnabruaich Gallery sits at the heart of the seaside village of Tighnabruaich, two hours west of Glasgow.
Long established as one of the finest galleries in the west, Tighnabruaich Gallery www.tiggallery.com endeavours to bring dynamic and engaging works to rural Scotland alongside contemporary art and crafts from a range of established and emerging talents.
The gallery is open Sunday, Monday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday from 11am–4pm, and Saturday from 10am–5pm. It is closed on Tuesdays.

domain: geography


Bhopal: A day after senior BJP leader Shivraj Singh Chouhan accused the Kamal Nath-led Congress government of not doing enough for flood victims in Madhya Pradesh, Public Relations Minister PC Sharma blamed the former chief minister for blocking central funds from reaching the state.
As the twin towns of Mandsaur and Neemuch were hit by worst-ever floods, Chouhan reached Malhargarh town in Mandsaur on Monday and met affected villagers. The state government has asked Water Resources Minister Hukum Singh Karada to take stock of the situation in Neemuch and submit a report.
On Sunday, Chouhan slammed the government for ignoring deluge-hit villagers and threatened to launch an agitation from September 22 over this, while adding that he had already donated a month’s salary for flood relief. Sharma said Chouhan was only doing drama and he was responsible for stopping central funds reach MP. “The BJP-led central government has reduced funds allocation by Rs 310 crore for last year and this year by altering the Centre-state share of State Disaster Response Fund (SDRF) from 90:10 to 75:25. This was the fund we badly needed at this hour of crisis,” Sharma told reporters in Bhopal on Monday.
When asked about Sharma’s allegations, Chouhan urged the chief minister and his colleagues to focus of flood relief and not waste time abusing him. “We should stop abusing each other and concentrate on offering succour to public,” he added. Asked what the Centre was doing to deal with the crisis, Chouhan said an amount of Rs 850 crore lying unused in the SDRF was given by the Centre and should be utilised for immediate relief work.
BJP MLA and former minister Narottam Mishra said the Centre was always ready to offer support on the basis of survey reports from the state and till date, MP hasn’t sent any such report as it hasn’t been prepared. He called the situation a man-made one as dam gates weren’t opened on time. The former minister said the water level at the Gandhi Sagar Dam has reached 1,322 feet and farmers have lost everything in the floods, but no minister had visited the affected areas yet. Earlier in the day, Chief Secretary SR Mohanty said water level has reached 1318 feet.
“Till date not a single penny of relief has been doled out and not a single minister has reached any affected farmland,” said Mishra, adding Congress ministers were only busy talking from the state capital.


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$2.50 Sale: $2.37
Made this card with the sketch from Card Patters. I used the wonderful October Afternoon Fly a Kite line.
Does this project or one of it's images contain pornography, profanity, or other illegal or offensive material? If so, please report it and our moderators will come by and clean it up in a flash.
Thanks for spreading positivity!

domain: hobby


HBO has released a first look trailer for its upcoming comedy series Hello Ladies, which is slated to premiere on Sunday September 29th at 10:30/9:30c.
Created by Stephen Merchant, Hello Ladies follows as a gawky, 6’ 7” Englishman searching for the woman of his dreams in Los Angeles. Half as charming – and twice as desperate – as he thinks he is, he’s obsessed with infiltrating the glamorous world of beautiful people, who won’t let him in. The comedy series is produced by HBO Originals is association with ABC Studios and stars Merchant, Christine Woods, Nate Torrence and Kevin Weisman.
HBO’s Trailer For Hello Ladies Follows Below:


Parish’s first splash park opens in Destrehan
Children play under a mushroom that streams water in the 3,800-square-foot splash area.
Two of those children were 3-year-old Sydnie and 1-year-old Laynie, who were brought to the park by their mother, Mandy Lorio.
“We are definitely excited this is here. Sydnie has been talking about it all week,” Lorio said.
The 3,800-square-foot splash park highlights a $1.2 million renovation of the Ormond park in Destrehan that officially opened on Tuesday. Along with the splash park, which will be free to use, the field has been completely redesigned with two baseball/softball fields, a football field, batting cages, upgraded playground equipment, new pavilions and a walking path.
A centralized pavilion will also cover a concession stand that will include bathrooms and storage areas. A fence will be constructed along the border of the park for safety.
The splash park is the only public facility in the parish that has a water feature. The padding of the park is motion-activated so that water will not be wasted.
Councilwoman Wendy Benedetto, who had budgeted money for the park’s redesign since 2008, said it was one of her main priorities when she ran for office in 2007.
“You can just hear the joy and laughter in their voices,” Benedetto said. “In this park, memories will be made that will be cherished for years to come.”
District Judge Robert Chaisson facilitated construction of the splash park using community funds set aside after a series of petrochemical accidents in St. Charles Parish during the 90s. Duane Foret, director of the parish’s Parks and Recreation Department, said there are plans to build a similar splash park on the West Bank of the parish.
However, Parish President V.J. St. Pierre said the Destrehan park is for the entire community.
“This renovation brings so many more opportunities for the community,” he said.
Benedetto added that there are still vacant areas in the 5-acre park that can be used to add more facilities in the future.
The splash park, which is located at 1901 Ormond Boulevard, is open daily from 1 p.m. until 6 p.m. from Tuesday through Sunday.
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In this life, we need more than human power. We need a higher power. When we work, we work, but when we pray, God works! In this series, we are studying some of the great prayers of the Bible. Last week, we looked at the prayer of Jesus. Today, we’ll look at the prayer of Jabez:
Jabez was more honorable than his brothers. His mother had named him Jabez, saying, “I gave birth to him in pain.” Jabez cried out to the God of Israel, “Oh, that you would bless me and enlarge my territory! Let your hand be with me, and keep me from harm so that I will be free from pain.” And God granted his request. (1 Chron. 4:9-10)
The People God Loves
The context of this prayer is 1 Chronicles. The first nine chapters are nothing but names and numbers. Jabez is tucked away in a list of 600 names, most of which you’ve never heard of and are unpronounceable. God knows us by name. The book ends with David telling Solomon in 22:19, “Now devote your heart and soul to seeking the Lord your God.” That is the way you need to start every day. In doing so, you will be like Jabez. When we read that Jabez was more honorable than his brothers, it does not mean he was perfect. What made him more honorable was his prayer. That is all the man is known for. Can you think of anything better? This man prayed in such a way that God answered his prayer. Daniel 6:3 says that “Daniel so distinguished himself among the administrators.” Later in that chapter we read that Daniel prayed three times a day and asked God for help. You can distinguish yourself by starting each day seeking the Lord. Pray to the Father, in the name of the Son, in the power of the Holy Spirit, and God will set you apart from the crowd. God loves people and of all the people in the world, He wants to spend time with you.
The Pain God Uses
Jabez’s very name meant pain. Can you imagine? Don’t be a Jabez in the neck! Expecting parents, don’t do that to your kid! Think about it though, what label are you wearing? Troublemaker, clown, bully, outsider. It may be divorce, depression, bankruptcy, addiction. That may be where you have been, but it does not have to define who you are! Life is filled with pain. Pain is part of the curse and the fall of man. God allows pain in our lives and turns it into blessing. A.W. Tozer said, “It is doubtful whether God can use a man greatly, until he has first hurt him significantly.” There is purpose in the pain. Pain does not have the last word on your life. Jabez prayed, “Lord, don’t let my label be my legacy. My mother may have named me pain, but she is not going to have the last word over my life!”
The Prayer God Answers
“Jabez cried out to the God of Israel.” Why the God of Israel? Because He is the One and Only true God. Because His love endures forever! Because the gods of this world have eyes that cannot see, ears that cannot hear, noses that cannot smell, mouths that cannot speak, hands that cannot feel, and feet that cannot walk. I believe there is another reason. Jacob’s name was changed to Israel. His name meant cheater, schemer, deceiver and God changed his name. Jacob wrestled with God all night and said, “I won’t let you go until you bless me.” “I won’t let you go till you change my name!” No wonder Jabez called on the God of Israel. Jabez prayed passionately and he prayed for blessing. He was serious about calling on God. It is OK to ask God to bless you! In Genesis 12:2, God told Abraham, “I will bless you and you will be a blessing.” Blessing is having more than I need so I can make an eternal difference in the lives of others. Jabez also prayed for influence. “…Enlarge my territory!” We can ask God for big things.
Life is a journey and you need the right guide. “Guide me on the right path.” “Show me the right way.” We need God’s guidance to lead us or we will waste His blessings. God wants to do exceedingly, abundantly more in your life. He will give you more opportunity, more responsibility, more influence. “Let your hand be with me….” Jabez prayed for God’s presence. God’s hand speaks of his presence. He did not want the blessing of God without the presence of God. He did not want the gift without the Giver. He prayed like Moses, “If you don’t go with me, I don’t want to go.” The final part of Jabez’s prayer was for God’s protection. Blessing makes you a target. The more God uses you the more Satan attacks you. If you get God’s blessing, influence, and His presence, all hell is going to come against you. If all hell is coming against you, that may be one of the greatest compliments. God is using you! Pray, “Lead us not into temptation but deliver me from evil.” “Protect me from the enemy around me and the enemy within me.” Only God knows the temptations/attack coming your way. We need God’s constant covering/ protection.
“…And God granted his request.” What God did for Jabez, He will do for you. God is still in the prayer-answering business. Jabez called on God. Don’t be too proud to admit you are in pain/need God. Jabez got it all for the asking. Ask, seek, knock. More than the prayer of Jabez, you need the God of Jabez.


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by Mark DiMaio
Delaware’s projected state revenues have deceased by an additional $26 million over DEFAC’s September 2016 revenue forecast. DEFAC now projects that state revenues for the 2017-2018 fiscal year will be about $200 million dollars less than the current 2016-2017 fiscal year. The decreased revenue projection to $3.9 billion equals about 5% less than the $4.1 billion being spent during the State’s current fiscal year. In addition to the decrease in projected revenues, the cost of state government is projected to increase by $150 million dollars with Medicaid spending, state employee health care costs and increased school enrollment driving the escalation in state spending.
The DEFAC report points to flat revenue growth for upcoming fiscal years, which could lead to an annual cycle of seeking revenue enhancements. Even if Delaware can successfully restructure its future revenue portfolio, state spending could outpace new revenues. Delaware’s murky fiscal picture has been static for the past several years, with many elected officials focused solely on generating and increasing revenues to the state. If Delaware has finally reached a fiscal crossroads, maybe it’s time to take a serious look at state spending. The old playbook of raising corporate franchise taxes, raising gross receipts taxes and many other fees may not be sustainable. At some point, companies that incorporate here may seek out other states or nations for incorporation. The sky isn’t falling but sticking to the same formula of increasing revenues without serious consideration of reducing state spending will not be viable in the long term.

domain: economics


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HYDERBADI MUTTON BIRYANI (KACHCHE YAKHNI KI BIRYANI)
1 1/2 Kg Bone/Boneless Mutton / Lamb shanks
4 Cups Basmati Rice
3 Large Sliced Onions
2 Cups Canola Oil
For Marinating The Meat
1 1/2 Cup Yoghurt
2 Tbsp Meat Tenderizer Powder ( or you can use raw papaya grind it and mix 4 tbsp into the meat)
1 1/2 Tbsp Ginger Garlic Paste
1 Tbsp Red chilli powder
1 Tbsp Turmeric powder
1 Tsp Garam Masala powder
1 Big pinch Saffron threads
4 Tbsp Lemon
4 Green Chillies
Coriander (finely Chopped)
Mint ( finely chopped)
Salt to taste
For Preparing Basmati Rice
1 Tbsp Caraway Seeds (Shah Zeera)
4 Black Peppercorns
4 Green Cardamoms
2 Cinnamon sticks
Salt to taste
2 Tbsp Ghee
3 Tbsp Coriander (finely chopped)
3 Tbsp Mint ( finely chopped)
2 Boil Eggs (optional)
2 Tbsp Toasted sliced Almonds (Optional)
- In a large bowl, add the meat and marinate with meat tenderizer, yoghurt ginger garlic paste, red chilli powder, turmeric powder, garam masala powder, saffron, lemon, fried onions, green chillies, coriander (finely chopped), mint ( finely chopped), salt to taste and oil and mix well. Cover and leave in the fridge for overnight.
- Wash the rice and soak it in surplus water for about 1/2 an hour.
- In a large saucepan at medium heat, add 2 cup oil. Add onions and fry to golden brown, take out few fried onions (these are used for garnishing).
- Meanwhile, in a large cooking pot pour in water along with cloves, cardamom, cinnamon, caraway seeds and salt. Let it come to a boil, add the drained rice and give it a stir and let the rice cook until it is half done (about 3-5 minutes). Drain the rice.
- Then take a large non stick vessel, add the marinade, raw mutton and oil in the vessel then spread the drained half cooked rice over. Spread evenly the chopped coriander, mint, fried onions,Toasted sliced Almonds, yellow colour and Ghee.
- Then Cover the vessel properly with aluminium foil or cover with cotton cloth or seal with wheat dough, then place a heavy weight over the lid, so that no steams can escape and nice steam can form inside.
- Place the Biryani vessel on the iron Tawa and cook on low flame.
- Allow to cook in very low heat for 1 and 1/2 hours, turn off the heat, but leave the saucepan on the hot stove so that a nice steam forms. Let the dish rest for 15-30 minutes.
- Serve the Biryani with Dahi ki chutney,Baghare Baingan, kachumber (diced cucumber, tomato and onion salsa) and mirch-ka-salan.


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Our amazing team of Police, Fire, E.M.T and part-time volunteers are committed to helping our fellow first responders. We stake our souls into our mission to save lives at any cost. Our men and women in uniform are committing suicide at an alarming rate. We need to stop this, now.
Think you would be a good fit to help tagfinc? Get in touch with us for more information, we are always looking to expand our team!
As we watched our nations first responders suffer our team decided to take a stand. We formed the Ariah Guardian Foundation Inc. to provide real solutions to the Mental Health epidemic that is plaguing the men and women in uniform everyday. With the war on police, lack of training, weak leadership and poor moral. Our first responders are suffering on multiple levels.
Our mission is to provide programs and assistance to our men and women at any cost. We will only grow with the help of our community members generous donations.
Please be there first responder, they need you now more than ever. Save their lives because they would save yours.
- LexRex Podcast (First Responder Podcast)
- Blue Help.Org (Suicide Prevention)
- Mindful Warrior Institute (Mental Health)
We are looking for partners! If you are interested in making the list of selfless companies or individuals, please reach out!
Your support and contributions will enable us improve mental health conditions for our first responders and their families. Your generous donation will help fund our mission.

domain: sociology


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Autumn Moonwatch: Tweeting the Moon
Astronomers across the UK will be helping the public get a close look at the Moon in the Autumn Moonwatch, a major event in the International Year of Astronomy 2009 (IYA2009) running from October 24 to November 1, 2009. As well as numerous opportunities to look through a telescope at our nearest celestial neighbor, observations of the Moon will be posted on Twitter in a mass event expected to attract followers from across the world.
Autumn Moonwatch will connect amateur and professional astronomers with the wider community. During the week, groups across the UK will train telescopes on our natural satellite, so that the public can see the craters, mountains and lava plains that make up the dramatic lunar landscape. Details of each event will be listed on the IYA2009 UK home page at www.astronomy2009.co.uk
On the evenings of October 26 and 27, members of Newbury Astronomical Society will lead Twitter Moonwatch, where a global network of amateur stargazers will be live-tweeting images of the Moon and a host of planets, nebulae, galaxies and other astronomical objects. As well as watching events unfold, Twitter Moonwatch followers will be able to post questions about the Moon and astronomy and a host of experts will be on hand to answer them.
With UK amateur astronomy societies and astronomers around the world taking part, the Twitter Moonwatch follows on from the successful Twitter Meteorwatch that covered the Perseid meteor shower in August. It should reach tens of thousands of people.
Adrian West from Newbury Astronomical Society will be a key tweeter. He explains: “The whole idea of holding the Twitter event is to get ordinary people joining in and having fun doing astronomy. Many people won’t be able to get to a real Autumn Moonwatch star party so we hope they can join in the virtual star party from wherever they are at the time.”
Twitter Moonwatch also have teamed up with the Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network (LCOGT), who are running a competition for time on the Faulkes Telescope South sited in New South Wales, Australia. This professional class instrument has a mirror 2m across and is normally only available for use by schools. However, LCOGT are offering four 1-hour blocks of time on 27th October, where the lucky winners will be able to take control of the telescope for themselves. Competition winners will be announced October 23.
Steve Owens, the UK Coordinator of IYA2009 comments: “Autumn Moonwatch will give people in the UK a great chance to see the Moon and other astronomical objects through telescopes… Even if you’re under cloud, you can still participate via Twitter Moonwatch and see pictures from all over the world.”
To take part in the Twitter Moonwatch, just follow @NewburyAS and @astronomy2009uk on http://twitter.com.


Kext files are essential drivers for macOS and it stands for Kernel Extension, kext files “extend” Mac OS X’s kernel, the core part of the operating system, by providing additional code which can be loaded when your computer boots. “Hackintoshes” often require special kexts to enable sound, ethernet, and more.
Some Hackintosh-specific kexts are modified versions of existing Mac OS X kexts, such as AppleHDA.kext. Other kexts are extra additions to the normal list of kexts that OS X runs on startup. In the end, all of these Hackintosh kexts serve the same purpose: to add support to hardware that isn’t officially supported by Apple.
Read About: How you make your own hackintosh?
Technically, kexts aren’t individual files. In fact, .kext “files” are essentially packaged like .zip files. If you copy a .kext file onto a Windows installation, it becomes a folder. That’s because that’s what kexts are– folders. Much like Apple’s .app files, you can access the inside of a kext by right-clicking the kext file and clicking “Show Package Contents”.
Once you’ve entered the contents of the kext file, you will be able to edit the plist (settings) files and make other modifications, if necessary. Editing the contents of kext files is occasionally necessary to activate certain graphics card kexts or fix glitchy kexts. However, we won’t go into that process here.
Location of Kexts
- Most kext files within Mac OS X are located in /System/Library/Extensions by default.
- The popular post-installation tool Multibeast (which is essentially just a collection of kexts packaged with an installer) places its kexts in /Library/Extensions.
- Clover Bootloader, which is now the most popular bootloader for Hackintoshes, also keeps a couple of kexts within its EFI partition, in /EFI/CLOVER/kexts. However, these kexts aren’t meant to be fiddled with– they’re just the bare minimum number of kexts required to boot Mac OS X, in case you need to use Clover as a rescue tool of sorts.


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Sargood on Collaroy is thrilled to be offering a 14-night Intensive Exercise Course in conjunction with NeuroMoves.
NeuroMoves is a leading exercise and therapy service for people with neurological conditions. The specialised staff excel at providing a safe and supportive environment for clients to undertake evidence-based and client-centred practice, to enable each individual to achieve their goals and reach their full potential.
As a participant you will enjoy 1.5 hour sessions with your therapist and an assistant Monday – Friday and have the opportunity to participate in Sargood on Collaroy’s Activities Program on weekends.
Regular physical activity after sustaining a spinal cord injury can help improve independence, decrease pain, promote neural regeneration, and reduce the risk of secondary complications. During this course you will be exposed to a variety of modalities that will help you to achieve and maintain optimal physical and mental health and independence. The exercise programs are written and delivered by NeuroMoves trained ESSA accredited Senior Exercise Physiologists and senior AHPRA registered Physiotherapists. The programs are individualised to meet your goals, helping you to achieve an improved quality of life.
The course will take place at Sargood on Collaroy’s purpose-built accessible gym, housing specific rehabilitation equipment not found in commercial gyms.
When: Sun 9 May – Sat 22 May
Duration: 13 nights
Register your interest now
Please contact Sargood on Collaroy on (02) 8597 0600 or click the button below to fill out a Registered Interest Form. Please note this is not a booking confirmation, we will be in contact regarding this course.
You must be living in the community to apply to attend any of the courses run at Sargood on Collaroy. If you are currently an inpatient at a health facility then unfortunately you are not eligible to apply.

domain: medical