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How to Wage Political Warfare
Both Russia and China are governed by opaque, highly centralized and increasingly personalized governments that are well suited to the darker arts of statecraft. Political warfare, for such regimes, is second nature.
POLITICAL WARFARE is a concept that appears new only because it is quite old. The term was coined by George Kennan in 1948, at the dawn of another long struggle against an authoritarian rival. The appeal of political warfare resided in the American recognition that the Cold War would be a struggle that occurred largely in the gray areas between war and peace, one in which success required using measures short of war to project U.S. influence and weaken the Soviet adversary. American policy also reflected a view that the Kremlin was both a ruthless enemy—one that would not hesitate to wage political warfare against the West—and one whose economic backwardness, repressive governance and domineering relationship with its allies made it vulnerable. Virtually from the start, then, political warfare figured prominently in American strategy.
One category of political warfare programs aimed actively to foment instability within the Soviet bloc. Beginning in the late 1940s, Washington supported anti-Soviet forces in the Baltic states and Ukraine and Eastern European resistance groups from Poland to Albania. The CIA sponsored anti-Soviet and anti-communist radio broadcasts into the bloc and arranged for the dissemination of destabilizing material such as Nikita Khrushchev’s “secret speech” denouncing Stalin. The idea, John Foster Dulles once explained, was not necessarily to overthrow Kremlin rule but to promote “indigestion” by making it harder to maintain Soviet dominance at home and abroad.
A second and closely related category entailed measures to erode the legitimacy—and deny the moral equality—of the Soviet regime and its satellites. By supporting congressional “Captive Nations” resolutions that highlighted the lack of self-determination in Eastern Europe, by highlighting the repressive nature of bloc regimes and by underscoring the ideological differences between East and West, American officials sought to deny the Soviets prestige and increase their political and diplomatic difficulties.
The third category featured efforts to contest Kremlin power outside the Soviet bloc by influencing nations that were the object of superpower competition. In 1948, the CIA intervened in Italian elections to prevent the Communist Party from winning power; in subsequent decades, U.S. presidents would utilize covert interventions, economic and diplomatic pressures, propaganda campaigns and other steps to strengthen pro-American forces and weaken Soviet proxies throughout the third world. The number of such operations skyrocketed as the Cold War went global; the restraints on political warfare tended to be weaker here than within the Soviet bloc, because there was less danger of provoking a violent Kremlin response.
This emphasis on political warfare spurred development of a supporting bureaucratic apparatus. The growth of covert action mechanisms; the creation of Radio Free Europe, Radio Liberty, Voice of America (VOA) and the U.S. Information Agency were part of this burgeoning capability. That capability, in turn, required coordinating mechanisms, such as the Office of Policy Coordination in the late 1940s and then the Psychological Strategy Board and Operations Coordinating Board during the 1950s.
The coherence and effectiveness of these activities varied widely. Most operations in the Soviet bloc failed to seriously threaten the stability of Soviet-backed regimes; early CIA initiatives in Albania, Poland and elsewhere collapsed in tragicomic fashion. Moreover, even fervent Cold War warriors struggled to reconcile the desire to foster Soviet “indigestion” with the realization that doing so could simply trigger violent Kremlin reprisals against civilian populations. In the third world, some American initiatives failed or provoked nationalist backlash; others raised troubling questions about whether resisting Soviet expansionism justified extreme practices such as assassination plots and destabilization campaigns. Proper oversight and coordination of these initiatives was always difficult in light of the fact that political warfare was inherently inter-departmental in nature, and it only became more difficult as the number of operations grew. Yet if the overall goal of U.S. political warfare was to increase Soviet costs while strengthening America’s ability to compete, then these programs had their share of success.
Even failed covert activities in Eastern Europe during the late 1940s had salutary effects, by inflaming Soviet paranoia and triggering counter-productive purges that eliminated some of Stalin’s own loyalists. Anti-Soviet radio broadcasts consistently helped delegitimize Soviet-backed regimes and contributed to instability in East Germany in 1953 and Poland and Hungary in 1956. In Hungary in particular, the resulting crackdown was tragic for many Hungarians. Yet it was also deeply damaging to the Soviets, by revealing just how brutal their dominance was in Eastern Europe. Outside the Soviet bloc, early CIA operations helped neutralize communist influence in Italy and France; in the Third World, U.S. political warfare initiatives kept pressure on Soviet clients and raised the price of alignment with Moscow. Political warfare was never a magic bullet, but it was a useful competitive tool—and one that would prove invaluable in the Cold War’s endgame.
The 1980s saw the most comprehensive U.S. political warfare campaign of the entire Cold War. This offensive actually began under the Carter administration, which returned, through its focus on human rights, to highlighting the moral differences between East and West in a way Moscow found quite alarming. As détente collapsed, the Carter administration also contested Soviet momentum by supporting the Solidarity movement in Poland and intensifying covert pressure on Soviet clients in Afghanistan, Nicaragua and elsewhere. The Reagan administration expanded this agenda, on grounds that a sclerotic Soviet political system represented Moscow’s greatest vulnerability, and that waging political warfare was vital to a broader Cold War offensive. “A little less détente with the politburo and more encouragement to the dissenters might be worth a lot of armored divisions,” Ronald Reagan believed.
As president, Reagan hammered home the immorality and failures of the Soviet system in major speeches; the administration provided symbolic and material support to Solidarity and dissidents within the Soviet Union. The United States increased radio broadcasting into the Soviet empire; U.S. diplomats used the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe to expose Moscow’s human rights abuses. The CIA increased covert support to anti-Soviet movements in the third world; the administration created the National Endowment for Democracy (ned) as part of a push to spread liberal political values and undercut the appeal of communism within Eastern European states and far beyond. This was a top-to-bottom political warfare campaign, led by the president, supported by the bureaucracy and intended to exploit an adversary’s weakness for competitive gain. By seeming to call the legitimacy of the Soviet regime into question, this offensive contributed to some of the sharpest Cold War tensions in decades. Yet they also threw the Kremlin off balance, reversed its ideological momentum, compounded its troubles in ruling its own restive empire and thereby contributed to a dramatic turnaround in the superpower competition.
America’s Cold War experience demonstrates the merit of vigorous, sustained political warfare in discomfiting and disadvantaging an authoritarian adversary. Washington might profitably reclaim that tradition in dealing with its rivals today.
THE PAST is never a perfect analogue for the present, and the United States cannot simply re-run its political warfare playbook from the era of superpower rivalry. U.S.-Russia power dynamics are much different than they were during the Cold War; America and China have far greater economic interdependence than the United States and the Soviet Union ever did. Yet there are fundamental similarities between past and present in that Washington faces ongoing geopolitical competitions with authoritarian rivals that make ample use of political warfare, so the need for an American counteroffensive is every bit as pronounced as it was during the Cold War.
What would an offensive strategy look like? The specifics of such a program will inevitably evolve over time and must be tailored to the particular characteristics of particular relationships and regimes. Some key aspects of a political warfare program must also be shielded from public scrutiny. In general, however, any offensive approach to political warfare should be guided by several considerations.
Such an offensive should be multifaceted, hitting an adversary on multiple fronts at once. It should be multilateral, exploiting cooperation with close allies and partners if possible. It should also be multi-level, featuring strong leadership from the president and coordinated implementation throughout the bureaucracy. Additionally, it should be more asymmetric than symmetric, more proactive than purely reactive. The United States cannot and should not replicate authoritarian tactics such as use of disinformation and fake news, nor should it limit itself to in-kind responses to Russian and Chinese methods. Rather, it should pursue political warfare in ways that are consistent with U.S. laws, norms and democratic traditions, and it should retain the prerogative to steer the competition into the most advantageous areas. Finally, a political warfare offensive must be calibrated: it must be strong enough to have meaningful strategic impact, but not so aggressive as to have dangerous or counterproductive consequences.
This last point is particularly important. An intemperate offensive strategy that puts nuclear-armed rivals on “death ground”—the desperate terrain on which regime survival is at stake—would risk catastrophic escalation and be alarming to American allies and partners. It might close off possibilities of cooperation on issues where a non-zero-sum approach is still possible: climate change in the U.S.-China relationship or arms control in the U.S.-Russia relationship. Conversely, a timid counteroffensive that Russia and China can merely shrug off would be strategically pointless.

domain: history


Chasing its key competitors in the race to electrify, Toyota announced Tuesday that it will bump spending on battery-electric vehicles to $35 billion by the end of the decade, by then launching 30 different BEVs on global markets.
All told, the Japanese giant expects to sell about 3.5 million all-electric vehicles annually – which would come in at just over a third of its current annual volume. That would lag behind key rivals like General Motors and Volkswagen, both of which are rapidly moving towards a point when they expect to sell only BEVs.
“It is difficult to make everyone happy with a one-size-fits-all strategy,” Toyota CEO Akio Toyoda said during a 90-minute presentation and question-and-answer session, noting that the carmaker continues to believe the best approach will be to offer a mix of BEVs and conventional, Prius-style hybrids, as well as plug-in hybrids and hydrogen fuel-cell vehicles.
Lexus Gets Fully Electrified
A number of luxury brands, including Audi, Jaguar, Cadillac, and Bentley have already announced plans to go all-electric.
During the live presentation from Japan, Toyota officials revealed 16 BEV prototypes. These included not only the Lexus RZ but three other concepts for the luxury division, including a high-performance sports coupe.
The majority of the 16 electric concepts are utility vehicles, including what appears to be a new take on the off-road-oriented FJ Cruiser. But the prototypes also included sporty sedans and coupes, as well as a battery-powered pickup that could go up against the likes of the Ford F-150 Lightning and Chevrolet Silverado EV, as well as the Tesla Cybertruck.
Where the Money Will Go
About half of the $35 billion Toyota plans to spend on EVs will go towards the development and production of batteries. Earlier this month, it announced plans to open a battery plant in North Carolina capable of providing enough cells for 1.2 million vehicles annually. That facility is expected to cost about $1.3 billion.
All told, Toyoda said the automaker will invest about $70 billion on electrification, but half of that will go towards hybrids and fuel-cell vehicles.
Toyota has been a strong proponent of hydrogen technology. It now offers the Mirai fuel-cell vehicles and is testing the technology for use in heavy-duty trucks at the Ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach.
A Skeptical CEO
Part of the problem, according to the CEO, is the lack of a global vehicle charging infrastructure. The East and West Coasts of the U.S. are ready to go all-electric, he said, but it will be more difficult to win over consumers in the Midwest where charging stations are few and far between.
Toyoda, the grandson of Toyota’s founder, has been one of the industry’s most vocal skeptics when it comes to battery-electric vehicles. A year ago, he warned that a complete shift to all-electric technology would cost jobs and sharply impact industry profitability.
From Leader to Laggard?
His position has generated sharp pushback, Danny Magill, an analyst at London think tank InfluenceMap, lamenting that the carmaker “has gone from a leading position to an industry laggard.”
Toyota’s latest BEV spending plan is roughly double the amount that its domestic rival Nissan is committing to all-electric models. Japan’s second-largest automaker, last month set an investment target of $18 billion.
But Volkswagen now has committed over $100 billion to going all-electric this decade. And General Motors CEO Mary Barra has boosted that carmaker’s commitment from $20 billion to $37 just by mid-decade. Barra has repeatedly said that GM is “on a path to an all-electric future, with at least 30 of its own long-range BEVs due to market by 2025. It plans to abandon internal combustion engines entirely by 2035.
Toyota CEO Toyoda left open the possibility that the carmaker could shift its plans to offer even more BEVs, if needed. “In this diversified and unchartered era, it is important to flexibly change the types and quantities of products produced, while keeping an eye on the market trends,” he said during the presentation.


There has been some concern amongst residents in Southfields and West Hill about the future of the Post Office on Wimbledon Park Road. Justine has been working with Post Office Ltd to press them to ensure a continued provision and wanted to give you the latest update.
I wanted to keep you updated on the Government consultation on night flight restrictions at Heathrow, Gatwick and Stansted and have flagged up some of its key points and how you can respond with your views. It closes on 28 February 2017.
Justine Greening, MP for Putney, Roehampton and Southfields, said: "Along with many people in my local community, I am extremely disappointed with the decision to push ahead with a third runway at Heathrow.
As you may know, I made a joint response with Stephen Hammond MP to Merton Council regarding their proposals for Wimbledon Park. I have now received a response which I wanted to share with you. Please find this below.
Please find below a copy of the consultation response I have submitted with Stephen Hammond, MP for Wimbledon, regarding Merton Council's masterplan proposals for Wimbledon Park. The consultation is open for comments until 22nd August, so do make sure you have your say.
Copyright 2020 Justine Greening . All rights reserved.


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Local writers, cartoonists, editors and publishers participated in a seminar last week in an effort to encourage writing for young children.
The seminar, organized by Room to Read (RtR), a global non-profit organization dedicated to promoting and enabling education, focused on the importance of reading in early life, and the responsibility of writers to cater to this important demographic.
RtR encouraged participants to use simple words and storytelling basics when writing for youngsters. The organization will collaborate with authors to publish children's books beginning June; applications are available till April 20.
RtR's core initiatives include establishing reading and school rooms, local language publishing and girls' education. This year, RtR will publish ten thousand copies of ten book titles in Vietnam.
The organization opened in Vietnam in 2001.

domain: library


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St. Marys Parish Church
1 The Mount
Organ accompaniment for Sung Eucharist - 5 hymns and bespoke Mass settings.
Small singing group rehearses with the organist at 10am.
Diverse congregation of around 100 in Liberal Catholic CofE tradition. Suberban town centre setting with good transport links.


11 February 2013
A sandwich, which was crowned ‘Sandwich of Sandwich’ in May 2012, is now in with a chance of becoming the nation’s Best Pub Sandwich, having been announced as one of three finalists in the National Pub Food Challenge Awards. Sandwich pub The Market Inn’s Market Sandwich won ‘Sandwich of Sandwich’ last year and has since attracted a host of international media attention, with a TV crew coming from
23 January 2013
The Blue Anchor prides itself on offering a warm welcome and delicious locally-sourced and sustainable food. If you like your food to be hearty, honest and full-flavoured then the Blue Anchor is the place for you.
16 January 2013
The Tudor Rose bar, restaurant and carvery offers a warm welcome and a family-friendly atmosphere. Originally two cottages, the building dates from the 1750s and great care has been taken to preserve its warm, comfortable feel. You’ll find a range of classic, hearty meals at the Tudor Rose.
09 January 2013
The Betsey Trotwood is a characterful Victorian pub in the heart of Clerkenwell in Central London. Combining the joys of the traditional pub with an eclectic range of cultural shenanigans, it offers homemade food and a first class drinks selection. The Betsey has three floors; the main bar room is at street level.
03 January 2013
Located just off the A28 between Ashford and Canterbury is the chocolate box village of Chilham, where you can find a real gem; the 600 year-old Woolpack Inn is nestled at the bottom of the hill in the shadow of the Norman castle. With its vast oak beams and inglenook fireplaces it offers a glimpse into hospitality of yesteryear.


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End Of F.U.T.U.R.E
End Of Future School Concept
We have told all the things we want to have in the future school. We hope that this concept will finally become true in order to push us to give the best and to make us ready to compete. One thing we have to remember is that the school of the future is not the only solution for the educational world. To conclude, school is just a school. Whatever the facilities or the systems are, school will not lose its identity as a place where we, as students, study and learn everything. It depends on us how we can make it as the better place for us. This concept of future school is one of the other examples which present our strong willingness to make school a better place for the sake of the students as the young generation. The most important thing is we need to unite and build our spirits for our own future. Thanks.
Our Last Hope
We hope that the professionalism of the teacher can increase their consciousness. They also should realize that giving their useful knowledge is an honorable duty. Do not betray the student’s belief on teachers. If the teacher can produce successful students, it will be a pride for the teachers for such making important change for the student’s lives. Make the students comfortable to study as they can. We are also thankful for the teachers who already lead us with love and patient, and also for their dedication against education problems in Indonesia.

domain: sociology


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Plot Daitetsujin 17
Daitetsujin 17 is a 1977 tokusatsu series created by Shotaro Ishinomori and produced by Toei. It revolves around a giant battle robot commanded by a young boy who fights the giant robots of an evil organization bent on world conquest. It is similar to Giant Robo (show) in premise and how it ends.
Several episodes were edited into a TV movie shown in the United States under different titles, including The Defenders and the Great Brain and Brain 17.
The opening theme was performed by Ichirou Mizuki, Koorogi ’73 and The Chirps.
Daitetsujin 17 – 1977
Popy manufactured several toys based on the series – notably a transforming Chogokin version of the robot One-Seven (later released in America for the Godaikin line), vehicles based on One-Seven’s Flying Fortress mode, the Sub Machine Flying Car, the Shigcon Tank and the Shigcon Jet, and a three-inch version of One-Seven, which was later released as “17” in Mattel’s Shogun Warriors line.
Daitetsujin 17 – English sub

domain: entertainment


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- 1 How many times was the library of Alexandria burned?
- 2 What was lost when the Library of Alexandria was burned?
- 3 Why was the library at Alexandria burned?
- 4 Did the burning of the Library of Alexandria set us back?
- 5 Does anything remain from the Library of Alexandria?
- 6 Does the Library of Alexandria still exist?
- 7 Has the Library of Alexandria been found?
- 8 What information was lost in the Library of Alexandria?
- 9 What’s the biggest Library in the world?
- 10 How many years ago did the Library of Alexandria burn?
How many times was the library of Alexandria burned?
8) The ancient library of Alexandria was destroyed on two different occasions. The original library branch was located at the royal palace at Alexandria, near the harbor. When Julius Caesar intervened in the civil war between Cleopatra and Ptolemy XIII, Caesar set fire to the ships in the harbor.
What was lost when the Library of Alexandria was burned?
The Story of the Library of Alexandria Is Mostly a Legend, But the Lesson of Its Burning Is Still Crucial Today. The greatest library ever assembled by the great civilizations of the ancient world—containing a vast ocean of knowledge now lost to us forever—was incinerated on a great pyre of papyrus.
Why was the library at Alexandria burned?
Throughout its near 1,000-year history, the library was burned multiple times. According to Plutarch, the first person to blame is Julius Caesar. On his pursuit of Pompey into Egypt in 48 BCE, Caesar was cut off by a large fleet of Egyptian boats in the harbor of Alexandria. He ordered the boats to be burned.
Did the burning of the Library of Alexandria set us back?
Not really. In overall terms it didn’t really set European culture back at all: it was a single incident in a very large world, and there were many other good libraries around the Roman world.
Does anything remain from the Library of Alexandria?
Despite the widespread modern belief that the Library of Alexandria was burned once and cataclysmically destroyed, the Library actually declined gradually over the course of several centuries. The daughter library of the Serapeum may have survived after the main Library’s destruction.
Does the Library of Alexandria still exist?
Located in the royal district of the city, the Library of Alexandria may have been built with grand Hellenistic columns, native Egyptian influences, or a unique blend of the two– there are no surviving accounts of its architecture.
Has the Library of Alexandria been found?
Archaeologists have found what they believe to be the site of the Library of Alexandria, often described as the world’s first major seat of learning. A Polish- Egyptian team has excavated parts of the Bruchion region of the Mediterranean city and discovered what look like lecture halls or auditoria.
What information was lost in the Library of Alexandria?
Few first class works survived, like Euclid, Apollonius and Archimedes, but there is a lot of evidence that this is just the tip of the iceberg. For example, almost all writings of Hipparchus, “the father of astronomy” are lost. We know about them from the account of C. Ptolemy who lived 3 centuries later.
What’s the biggest Library in the world?
The Library of Congress is the largest library in the world with more than 170 million items. View detailed collection statistics.
How many years ago did the Library of Alexandria burn?
The Library of Alexandria was completely destroyed nearly 2,000 years ago leaving no physical trace behind – but its formative scholarship and cultural resonance endure.


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Aquitaine Chambre D'Hotes en France
Le Taillan Medoc Chambres d'hôte & Gite
Enjoy the unique setting and charm of this former wine estate of the 18th, located near Bordeaux and on the road of the castles of the Medoc, the beaches of Lacanau or Arcachon Basin. This house of character decorated with taste, makes beautiful spaces available for guests. The very large with fireplace and billiards lounge combine to create a very friendly atmosphere. The 5 rooms with separate entrance and private bathroom, are tastefully decorated in different styles. Optional spa treatments and relaxation with massages.
Cénac Et Saint Julien Chambres d'hôte
At the heart of Black Perigord, in the valley of the Dordogne, the cottages "Latouille" welcome you.
Dax Chambres d'hôte & Gite
Sabres Chambres d'hôte
We are located in the Regional Park of the Landes de Gascogne which extends over 13 000 square meters of gardened landscape, with its hundred-year old oak trees, in the middle of the Landes forest, 5 miles from the village of Sabres. The ocean is only 30 minutes away by car and we are on the road to Spain…... Our house is a completely restored, traditional timber dwelling with upstairs en suite 5 rooms for bed and breakfast. Possibility dinner .Always open
Biarritz Chambres d'hôte & Gite
In the heart of Biarritz, a charming bed and breakfast with swimming pool : 3 bedrooms with private bathroom. Close to the beach, golf, thalassotherapy, city center.
Sarlat Chambres d'hôte & Gite
Bed and breakfast near Sarlat / Dordogne. Charming Country House in Périgord. In the Périgord Noir, on the way of the garden Jardins d'Eyrignac, our bed and breakfast welcome you with meals near sarlat. la Roche d'Esteil : 18th century Farm house set in 5 acres of woodland. Situated 4 miles from the charming medieval town of Sarlat, in the heart of the Dordogne valley. The house, entirely renovated in 2004, has retained all its original character.
Le Bugue Chambres d'hôte & Gite
Charming guest room on the Bugue. On a property of 5600 m², Sylvie and Jean-François welcome you all year. You can choose either the guest room or apartment. You have an independent entrance from one with a garden terrace, a large king size bed, toilet and separate bathroom.
Tayrac Chambres d'hôte & Gite
Our three beautiful, well-equipped gites (sleep 4, 6 and 6)are set in 12 acres of idyllic countryside in Lot-et-Garonne, South West France. In the grounds is a 10.5m x 5.5m pool with mini pool and waterfall. We guarantee you a warm welcome at Faysselle. This is the perfect location for a relaxing holiday, and yet with plenty to do in the area for adults and children alike.
Montayral Chambres d'hôte
Myriam and Jean-Michel welcome you in their domain of 2,5 ha or in the former(ancient) farm of the 19è century restored (guest houses) or in our independent shelters of rent with swimming pool and pool house to share. Terraces summer, near numerous tourist attractions. Hosts' table on booking.
Reaup-lisse Chambres d'hôte
B&B -4 keys by clévacances - starting price 50 €/one night/one room, breakfast included - Internet, Wifi - All through the year 3 rooms to let (sorry but not possible in july and august ) You can book 1 , 2 or 3 charmed rooms in a loft (160 m2) renovated in 2009 whose frame comes from the old laundrette of castle of stringer. The price for one jacuzzi session of 20 minutes is 20 euros. You will be allured and enchanted by its facilities and its furniture marrying with harmony wood and metal "fer forgé" - plasma TV 110 cm- a relaxation living room whith american billiards monneret 2,50m x 1,40m, playstation2, games… Terrain de pétanque(play bowls), Swimming pool and Spa Jacuzzi (4 places) for your pleasure
Le Bugue Chambres d'hôte & Gite
You have the possibility to rent our gîte (a one-roomed flat) which is adjoined to our guest house. The accomodation capacity of this flat goes from 2 to 4 people.
Saint Caprais De Blaye Chambres d'hôte
Located in Saint Caprais Blaye among the vineyards of Blaye (Gironde), the Mas Saint-Jean welcomes you. Our three guest rooms, our large garden of 7800m2 with 3 flower gardens you will discover the region.
Siorac-en-perigord Chambres d'hôte
Located on the hills of Siorac-en-Périgord, in a quiet hamlet within 2 km from the village and its facilities, our Demeure Périgourdine (traditional stone farmhouse) is ideally placed in the heart of the Black Perigord near Sarlat in Dordogne. Rémy and Sandrine will offer you a cordial hospitality in their guesthouse Le Domaine de la Dame Blanche Their B&B accommodation is equipped with a pretty bean shaped and Heated pool and a covered terrace,which will charm all those who wish to relax and chill out by the pool right after their all-day visit or activities.
La Sauvetat Du Dropt Chambres d'hôte & Gite
No english description supplied
Maison de campagne typique du Lot-et-Garonne. Située à la limite du département de la Dordogne. Capacité d'accueil de 2 à 8 personnes. Tout confort. Cuisine/salle à manger/salon, 3 chambres. Jardin clos, terrasse, barbecue. La région est très touristique. De nombreuses activités et visites s'offrent à vous.
Le Bugue Chambres d'hôte & Gite
No english description supplied.
Cette ancienne bâtisse périgourdine tout juste restaurée en pierres du pays a une capacité de base de 10 personnes. Elle peut toutefois accueillir confortablement jusqu’à 15 personnes si nécessaire grâce à sa très grande mezzanine aménagée, (dont les 2 canapés sont convertibles). (terrain d'environ 5000 m² de verdure entourée de bois).
Parentis En Born Chambres d'hôte
In the “Domaine de l’Escuderia”, you will find 5 charmingly rooms in a stud farm of the XIXth century, close to beaches of the lake and the atlantic coast. A personalized reception, stylish decor, tasty homemade breakfast, an outdoor Spa, a kitchen available, everything is implemented for a dream stay.
Puisseguin Chambres d'hôte
Near Saint Emilion (5 km) and Bordeaux (30km), two rooms ( with bath or shower ), WIFI access and TV, in an old and nice house (18 th century) with garden and swimming pool.
Le Bugue Chambres d'hôte & Gite
We will be happy to welcome you in our gites for your holidays. You'll love the peaceful atmosphere of the old stone buildings of our region. In the evenings, after the day spent discovering the multiple riches of the area, you can relax in the garden by drinking an aperitif, before making delicious grills on the barbecue. Our swimming pools are all provided with parasols and loungers, to make your stay a pleasant experience. Everything is reunited to make your stay an unforgettable moment in time. Blissfully peaceful, our gites are all you could dream of for an exceptional holiday in the Périgord.
Saint Pierre De Caubel Chambres d'hôte
MISSANDRE... If you are a nature and horse lover, and looking for somewhere peaceful to stay, this is the ideal spot for you... Situated in the South of Bergerac, in Périgord Haut-Agenais, Pierre and Annie-Paule accomodate you with happiness to share their pleasure of living in this splendid property of the 15th Century. In its greenery bower, Missandre dominates the valley. 35 hectares of meadows and wood of oaks surround this superb property, allowing the holiday makers, total relaxation, sports activities and cultural with the chart. The children are free to evolve/move and play in all peace. On the spot, very large largely enclosed swimming pool, Tennis, Center of Equestrian Excursions, ping pong, plays for children... Near : golfs, fishing, water sports...OPEN ALL THE YEAR. -5 comfortable B&B - possibility “table d’hôtes” Our site for availabilities and tariffs:
Ribérac Chambres d'hôte
Town house, recently renovated throughout, classified as "Batiment de caractère" in centre ville of Ribérac, thriving market town within few mins walk of bars, cafes, restaurants, banks, shops. All rooms en suite & with tea making kit. TV, WiFi, laundry facilities. Extra child beds/cot. Table d'hôtes available but must be booked in advance of arrival. Open all year round.
Gujan-mestras Chambres d'hôte & Gite
Arcachon basin : bed and breakfast or holidayflat in a comfortable and calm Apartment of 32m ² in a architect house nearby beach and shops Equipment: A large room with bed 160cm (TV, Sat, internet), a cabin bedroom for 2 children, one equipped kitchen (refrigerator, oven, microwave, washing machine, Dishwasher), a beautiful bathroom with mosaic (toilet and Italian shower). Large wooden terrace (18m²) with teak garden furniture and barbecue. Great biological breakfast (homemade bread and cake) Visit our website for more informations.
Moncrabeau Chambres d'hôte & Gite
Located in Moncrabeau in the area Armagnac, between Nerac and Condom in Gers. Sleeps 2/4 persons. You will find calm, serenity and rest. Ideal place to recharge your energy. Moncrabeau: swimming pool, museum, its circuit liars signposted in the village... You will be 1h30 from from Bordeaux and 1h30 from Toulouse. Visits of pretty country houses of Biscay, many activities await you: fishing, canoeing, golf, mountain biking, walibi 30 km...
Asasp Chambres d'hôte & Gite
Renting for gites in Top Béarn, south of Pau. Welcoming accommodation between 2 / 9 people . Gites bikers, fishing, hiking ...
Bidart Biarritz Chambres d'hôte
Marie Sistac welcomes you in her nice and typical "villa basque" : Rooms & appartements rental, garden planted with trees, swimming pool, ping pong table and outdoor games.
Sainte-alvère Chambres d'hôte & Gite
Moulin du Colombier, A place where body and mind can relax.
Thénac Chambres d'hôte & Gite
Holiday cottage(Shelter) in the farm recently restored with shared swimming pool 10 ml x 5 ml reassured(secured). (Alarm enclose(close)) in an agricultural and wine-making property.
Mezin Chambres d'hôte & Gite
La Maison du Bouchonnier a very good independent holiday house in a lovely renovated stone villagehouse, it is the former "maison de maître" of the corkmanufactor.
Festalemps Chambres d'hôte & Gite
No english description supplied. Aux portes de ribérac et d'Aubeterre, cette belle propriété vous accueille dans 3 chambres d'hôtes de charme dans maison de maître avec piscine et vaste parc arboré. Convient pour un acceuil de 2 à 9 personnes.
Arthez-de-béarn Chambres d'hôte
A quality homestay/guest house in a seventeenth century manor house situated close to Pau and Orthez in south west France. Between the mountains & the sea, Fritz KISBY & Mike RIDOUT have made their home in this historic residence called 'Domaine de la Carrère' dating from the 17th century. It has been lived in by nobles, merchants and traders and was built during the reign of Louis XIV le Grand or le Roi-Soleil - the Sun King. They will make you welcome, but at the same time will respect your privacy. There are just five en-suite bedrooms for guests in the whole of the property. Browse around their web-site... see the house, gardens & swimming pool.
Tournon D'agenais Chambres d'hôte & Gite
welcome in the Lot Valey ! two pretty cottages with a pool near Tournon d'agenais . le pigeonnier : 4 pers and la bergerie : 6 pers. contact us for more informations . Possibility other cottages with a private pool latitude :44.39104631182171 longitude :0.9788990020751953
Cestas Chambres d'hôte & Gite
Gite for 4 persons in quiet residence with small garden. Close trade and taken(brought) out highway and station.
Saint Cyprien Chambres d'hôte
Welcome to the Domaine des Mathivies, a Périgord property on the heights of Saint Cyprien - a lovely médieval village of Black Périgord. The property is close to the famous sites of Sarlat, Eyzies, Lascaux, Beynac... We offer rooms in our guest house in a peaceful and green environment.
Pondaurat Chambres d'hôte & Gite
Siecle Batisse of the 19th, Dorépontaise offers to his(her) hosts a shaded garden and a swimming pool. Ideal place for an escapade or for holidays in a pleasant setting, in couple, in family or between friends to discover the wealth of the Entre-Deux-Mers and its neighborhood.
Rions Chambres d'hôte
Welcome to "LE RELAIS DES REMPARTS" charming Bed and Breakfast, 30 minutes from BORDEAUX. 3 nice and big rooms with private shower or bathroom and toilettes. 3 stars with Gites de france 's label. English spoken. Sophie will take cake of you and cook an authentic french food. Enjoy !
Herm Chambres d'hôte & Gite
Jean marc and josée will welcome you at the logis des becs fins situated in the heart of the bounteous nature, close to the beach and the forest. There 3 bedrooms carefully decorated.There is olso a large dining room whith a fireplace. One of them is a suite for a family, with private sanitaries.You can take your melals here but ave reserve.
Frontenac Chambres d'hôte
B & B - Guest House - Bed and Breakfast near St. Emilion and Bordeaux, among the vineyards of the picturesque region of the Entre-Deux-Mers in Gironde
Souraïde Chambres d'hôte & Gite
4 new apartments quite equipped for 2 to 6 persons in the first floor of Basque house. From 35 to 105 m2. Parking, garden, barbecue, TV, etc. Opened all the year. Come to visit the South of France and the North of Spain (border in 8 km). Near the sea and the mountain in a quiet place.
Saint-vivien Chambres d'hôte
A Bedroom in Purple Perigord at 40 Kms of Bergerac and 25 Kms of Saint-Emilion. Fenetre is a place over a hill between grapes, grassland and Forest. This name come from its position high and with a beautiful and dominante view. The house is a ensemble of stoned barns.
Sare Chambres d'hôte
TTakoinenborda is an old seventeenth century Basque farm,on the rivers edge,surrounded by greenfields and trees. here: stone, wood and many paintings of our grandfather's, are harmonionsly grouped together.
Le Bugue Chambres d'hôte
Bed and breakfast in Perigord Noir offering 5 rooms set in a stone house near Sarlat. Swimming pool and regional cooking.
Luglon Chambres d'hôte & Gite
Enjoy the warmth of the charming and spacious rooms at the Domaine de Treyture, situated in the natural setting of the regional Landes de Gascogne park. At the hub of the celebrated Bordeaux vineyards, endless ocean beaches and the Pyrenees mountain chain, this is an ideal location for relaxation and the discovery of the Aquitaine region. If you love the outdoors, you will be enchanted by your stay at the Domaine de Treyture. Your experience at this vacation spot is guaranteed to be redolent with comfort, fresh air, relaxation, serenity and well-being. Within 4 hours of Paris by TGV, 45 minutes from the ocean and an hour’s drive to Bordeaux and Biarritz, this is the place to discover the quality of life in the south east corner of France.
Sarlat La Canéda Chambres d'hôte
The comfort of a Hotel, the pleasure of an Apartment ...
Thiviers Chambres d'hôte
House of character, comfortable rooms, tastefully decorated, park, spa, warm welcome.
Saint Vincent Sur L'isle Chambres d'hôte & Gite
"The BERTHALIE" charming cottage is a detached house with private pool, situated in the countryside, 17 km from PÃ©rigueux to Limoges at the entrance of the charming village of Saint Vincent on the Isle. Due to its location, you can easily visit the major sites of the Dordogne, but also the villages, castles, country houses full of charm and enjoy the varied landscapes that make the beauty of our region.
Bordeaux Chambres d'hôte & Gite
The house is situated in the popular and old historical distric of Saint Michel. It is less than 15 minutes by foot of all principal touristic points of interest. More information and reservation exclusively on our website.
Barsac Chambres d'hôte
In Barsac, between Bordeaux and Sauternes, the guesthouse les Palmiers du Port, a XVIIIth Century house along the Garonne River, welcomes you for a wellness journey. Two confortable suites. One has its own sauna, spa and sun terrace.
Saint Crépin Et Carlucet Chambres d'hôte & Gite
Sarlat Charming stand alone house with 1 double bed (140 x 200) on the second floor and a shower on the first floor.
St Avit Sénieur Chambres d'hôte & Gite
Near the Dordogne Valley, between Bergerac and Sarlat, 4 beautiful cottages were built in medieval Bastide Country. A tastefully decorated with a beautiful renovation bringing all the comforts of modern life in the countryside. Relaxation is assured, a panoramic view where everything is pleasing to the eye. A rich religious heritage, various recreational activities outdoors, food and quality accommodation are all incentives to come stay with us. We share our dinner table, during lively conversations around the Perigord truffle. Free wifi access.

domain: travel


The good news is you’re not feeling a ton of pain at the pump. But it is the middle of February, and that means we are starting to watch to see when gas prices will start their annual spike. For the moment, Daniel Armbruster with AAA-Texas tells KTRH things are relatively unchanged from last week.
“In Houston’s we saw the price go up a penny over last week,” Armbruster said, adding that the price around the Houston is $1.96 a gallon today.
As for when that annual spike will start, Armbruster says you should beware the Ides of March.
“We’re getting to that time of year where refineries start going offline for routine maintenance,” Armbruster said. “They will then switch over to summer blend gasoline. That’s when we see prices starts to tick up.”
But the silver lining, for the moment, is that gas is 34 cents cheaper than it was on Valentine’s Day of last year.


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Williamson’s 31 Points Pushes Pelicans Past Blazers, 138-117
Zion Williamson scored a season-high 31 points, and the New Orleans Pelicans used a dominant second half to defeat the Portland Trail Blazers 138-117. Playing 28 minutes in just his ninth NBA game, Williamson used his 6-foot-6, 285-pound frame, quick feet and explosive vertical to have his way with every defender Portland tried against him. JJ Redick scored 20 points for New Orleans, which trailed by as many as 16 in the first quarter before taking command en route to a third straight victory. Portland star Damian Lillard scored 20 points — less than half of his 42-point average over his previous 10 games.

domain: game


text:
Insulin resistance in skeletal and cardiac muscle also impairs their ability to transport glucose for fuel in part by the inhibition of the Glut4 transporter. Because circulating triglycerides and FFA are also high in accord with WAT release and impaired insulin action, muscle deposits of fat are also seen on pathological specimens (myocellular steatosis). The impairment of normal uptake of glucose by adipocytes and muscle cells and the paradoxical storage of FFA in muscles and release from adipocytes perpetuates peripheral IR. These metabolic perturbations are intimately involved with the concept of hepatocyte IR (Fig. 2).44
Hepatocyte IR: molecular insights into the initiator of systemic IR
The exact mechanisms of hepatocyte IR tend to be more and more precisely elucidated. In addition to the role of WAT, adipocytokines, the microbiome and inflammation most likely contribute to hepatocyte IR. Lifestyle – specifically diet and exercise – is involved. Although physical exercise, by reversing muscle IR, decreases hepatic de novo lipogenesis and hepatic triglyceride synthesis after a carbohydrate-rich meal in experimental conditions,45 diet ameliorated central adiposity and liver enzymes and exercise training did not confer significant incremental benefits in a recent study mimicking clinical conditions more closely.46 Consumption of the highly lipogenic sugar fructose is associated with IR, MS, NAFLD and NASH.47–51 Smoking favors hepatic lipogenesis and fibrotic progression in NAFLD52–54 as well as the development of T2D.55
Conversely, moderate alcohol56,57 and coffee consumption58–60 may prevent the development of both NAFLD and T2D. These findings, however, do not translate into specific lifestyle suggestions so far. Consumption of dairy products may be associated, via increased Trans-palmitoleate (trans-16:1n-7) serum levels, with improved glicolipidic metabolic profile and diabetes prevention;61 nonetheless, the role of dairy products in association with NAFLD, if any, is unsettled. Hepatic protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms promote hepatocyte IR by inhibiting insulin signaling in human liver biopsy samples.62 In a study published by Shulman's group, antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) against PKCε markedly improved clinical parameters of MS associated with a significant reduction in hepatocyte IR, including intrahepatic triglycerides and fasting plasma insulin concentrations. Their work provides a molecular explanation for the derangements associated with hepatocyte IR by demonstrating that PKCε ASO restores insulin receptor substrate-2 (IRS-2) phosphorylation and protein-serine-threonine kinase activity.63 A more recent study by the same group64 developed this line of research further by demonstrating that hepatic diaglycerol content in cytoplasmic lipid droplets, which was strongly associated with activation of hepatic PKCε activity, was the best predictor of IR, being responsible for 64% of the variability in insulin sensitivity. Gupta et al. recently published the effect of exendin-4, a glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) analog as promoting insulin-sensitizing effects by way of PKCζ.65 Finally, FFA, which are causally linked to the development of steatosis, have been recognized as inductors of IR via activation of protein kinases.66,67 Although requiring further study, this line of research underscores the importance of fatty liver as a precursor lesion to the development of systemic IR accounting for the finding that NAFLD individuals are twice as likely to develop T2D as those without NAFLD.5 Clearly, the mechanisms leading from hepatic steatosis to long-lasting IR and, in predisposed individuals, to T2D are critical.
Lipotoxicity remains key to the pathogenesis of T2D.1 Stated otherwise, the presence of long-standing IR per se is not sufficient to lead to full-blown T2D in the absence of β-cell failure.
Therefore, morphological evidence of fatty changes in the pancreas could be a better marker of pancreatic lipotoxicity. Recent studies suggest that steatosis of the pancreas is visible through endoscopic ultrasound. Interestingly, risk factors for “fatty pancreas” tend to overlap with those for fatty liver68,69 suggesting a shared pathogenesis in lipotoxicity, the ectopic, extra-adipose tissue storage of lipids eventually conducive to tissue damage and organ dysfunction.
Assessment of mediators of IR is of critical importance: Fetuin-A and IL-6 could be such mediators. Fetuin-A, a protein secreted by the liver and associated with the development of IR in animals and with fatty liver in humans, has been proposed as one such mediator. Stefan et al.70 in a large prospective case cohort – EPIC-Potsdam study –observed fetuin-A to be an independent predictor of T2D. IL-6 – a major pro-inflammatory cytokine, the expression of which is increased in experimental NAFLD, resulting in systemic IR – could be another mediator. Wieckowska et al. reported that the expression of IL-6 in the hepatocytes, which is selectively induced by saturated FFA, is positively correlated with hepatic inflammatory fibrotic changes and systemic.71 These data account for the well-known matching of IR with hepatic fibrosis observed, for instance, in chronic hepatitis C virus infection72 and explain why blockade of IL-6 signaling improves liver injury in a rodent model of NASH.73
Sources of hepatocyte fatty acids in NAFLD
Three chief sources of FFA are available to the hepatocyte in the IR state. The first reservoir of hepatocyte FFA is from digestion and transfers across the intestinal epithelium to hepatocytes. The second source of FFA is from digestion and transfers across the intestinal epithelium to hepatocytes, as mentioned previously. Finally, hepatocytes increase the production of FFA, a process termed de novo lipogenesis, or DNL.
Danger of fatty acids and the concept of lipotoxicity: not all fatty acids are created equal
Studies of DGAT2 reveal that hepatocyte triglycerides may be innocuous The concept that triglycerides may serve as a protective reservoir in the pathogenesis of NAFLD was the result of two important studies. The first performed by Diehl and colleagues in which the ASO for the enzyme diacylglycerol acetyltransferase 2 (DGAT2) was given to db/db mice fed a methionine-choline deficient diet for up to 8 weeks. Their findings were striking in that mice administrated ASO for DGAT2 had significantly higher levels of lipid peroxidation products, hepatic fibrosis and FFA, but diminished hepatocyte steatosis.74 To underscore the importance of DGAT in preventing both hepatocyte and systemic IR, Monetti and colleagues created mice that overexpressed DGAT2, and found that the mice had significant steatosis and diacylglycerol but failed to develop IR indicating that hepatic steatosis arising from impaired triglyceride assembly does not result in IR.20
In vitro fat loading studies The vast majority of proteins that a cell secretes or displays on its surface first enter the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), where they fold and assemble. Only properly assembled proteins advance from the ER to the cell surface. To ascertain fidelity in protein folding, cells regulate the protein folding capacity in the ER according to need. The ER responds to the burden of unfolded proteins in its lumen (ER stress) by activating intracellular signal transduction pathways, collectively termed the unfolded protein response.75 Researchers have used transformed hepatocyte cell lines and have loaded cells with specific fatty acids.76–78 Saturated fatty acids, such as palmitate, or stearate, but not oleate, resulted in increased hepatocyte apoptosis and this cell death was mediated by ER stress.
These recent studies implicate the role of ER stress and the ability to discriminate between what is a normal unfolded protein response which the ER can handle without resort to cell death when the stress mechanism is overwhelmed.
Hepatocyte apoptosis and the potential for dysfunctional ER stress response
Czaja and colleagues clearly implicated Janus Kinase 1 (JNK1) as a principal player in driving the pathogenesis of NASH and hepatocyte apoptosis.79 Death by apoptosis is currently felt to be the major player resulting in progression of NASH.80 While this discussion cannot review the details of ER stress, the reader is referred to other sources.81–83 Three key trans-membrane proteins in the ER – PERK, ATF-4 and XBP-1 – manage misfolded proteins. If, however, XBP-1 and ATF-6 cannot induce the key ER chaperone GRP78 or BIP, then c-β homologous protein, or CHOP, will be expressed which leads to downstream effectors of apoptosis. It should be mentioned, however, that the role of CHOP in human NASH as a driver of hepatocyte apoptosis is in dispute.80,84

domain: literature


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New Episode! THEZROHOUR Tonight 9-11PM On BBOXRADIO.COM
THEZROHOUR returns the airwaves this week with the best in independent and underground hip hop. I will reveal more info on the upcoming beat battle taking place in November and premiering a couple of new features- Producer's Corner and Spotlight Artist. Every week I will play some of the illest beats from my favorite producers during the Producer's Corner segment. Spotlight Artists will feature music from artists that are on the rise and those you should be paying attention to.

domain: artistic


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One Direction 'Shocked' By Miley Cyrus VMA Controversy
Harry Styles has described her performance as "reserved"...
Tuesday, August 27, 2013 - 14:54
One Directionare the latest celebrities to give their views on Miley Cyrus' steamy performance at the Robin Thickewhen singing Blurred Lines.
When asked about her performance at the US premiere of their movie This Is Us, Harry Styles told Yahoo: "It was very reserved. I think she's quite shy and it's about time she came out of her shell a bit."
Louis Tomlinson added: "We were shocked by how much coverage there was. I think she was shocked. I don't think she knew she would get so much attention from that."
Liam Payne said: "My thought was that it was very nice. It was a nice performance. It was cute... timid."
Niall Horan concluded: "I don't know why everyone's talking about it".
The lads went on to joke that their felt Miley's stint on stage was "family friendly", adding that it was a performance you could "sit and watch with your kids and your grandma".
Despite 1D being a fan of Cyrus, Thicke's mum has expressed her surprise at Miley's onstage antics, stating: "I was not expecting her to be putting her butt that close to my son. The problem is now I can never 'unsee' it."
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Geordie Shore's Sophie Kasaei Accuses Marnie Simpson Of Doing The Absolute Unthinkable
Vicky Pattison Reveals The Extreme Reaction She Had To Ferne McCann's Pregnancy
From Marnie Simpson and Casey Johnson to Cole Sprouse and Lili Reinhart: 14 Celebrity Couples That Made Their Debut In 2017
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Cole Sprouse Opens Up About How Photography Helped Him Fight Depression

domain: celebrity


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It can be surprising to note the differences in coffee all around the world. After all, it’s the same beverage but different cultures and regions have their own twist to it.
In this article, I will try to explain a little about the different coffee traditions around the world.
Coffee is a drink that is so much a part of our culture that we hardly think about it. We drink coffee for breakfast, at work, or at home. And it can be prepared in a coffee machine, like a quick instant coffee, or in an advanced espresso machine.
Coffee around the world also plays a big role, but coffee traditions can take many forms.
Here are some countries that have vastly different ways of drinking coffee:
Here you can order a café solo if you are in the mood for an espresso and a café double if a double is needed.
However, coffee con Leche, coffee with milk, is the national drink.
It gets drunk in the morning, in the evening, and yes, it also ends most meals.
Coffee is an important part of Spanish culture and much of the social life in the cities takes place in the cafes.
Each region has its own rituals. Malaga offers the highest number of cafes per square meter in the world, and if you travel to Mallorca you will find that they have their very own coffee accessory, Ensaïmada, which is a kind of croissant with icing.
In Spain, the coffee is usually very strong.
A “café” – a cup of coffee – resembles espresso, but of course, there are variations.
The name and amount vary according to the ratio of coffee to milk.
The starting point is strong coffee and sugar is always served on the side.
Here in Europe, we each have our coffee rituals and ways to prepare the dark drink.
In addition to exporting coffee to the whole world, they also have a rich coffee culture.
However, preparing a cup of coffee can be a somewhat time-consuming process, a ceremony held, for example, in honor of guests.
The green coffee beans are roasted in a flat bottomed pan over hot charcoal for a few minutes until the oils begin to pull out of the beans but without being roasted.
The beans are put in a mortar and painted by hand, after which they are placed in a jebena, a pitcher made of black clay.
Once cooked, the coffee is poured into another container and allowed to cool, then it is poured back and heated.
Eventually, the coffee is drunk in small cups, either black or with a little sugar, herbs, or salt.
A little more advanced than the morning coffee from the machine!
The origin of Coffea Arabica is found in Ethiopia, and not in Brazil as many believe.
Ethiopians are the real coffee connoisseurs.
Buna, or Ethiopian coffee as the rest of us know it, originates in the Harar region, where the people of Oromo, Harari, Amhara, and Somali live.
The coffee is boiled in the household according to a ritual with the help of jebena and then flavored with black cardamom capsules.
In other areas of the country, other spices, such as ginger in the Kaffa region, or cinnamon along the border with Sudan are used. Some Muslim communities in the Kaffa region prefer to salt rather than sweeten their coffee or dissolve a teaspoon of butter in the cup.
Turks have a famous way to make their coffee.
Here you put very finely ground coffee directly in water that is just at the boiling point without boiling.
And if you want sugar in the coffee, it must be added during cooking, not after.
Turkish coffee is also found in large parts of Eastern Europe, for example in Bosnia, where a similar way of making coffee goes by the name of Bosnian coffee.
Czech Republic and Slovakia
Again, they have a unique way of making coffee.
The coffee can be dense and strong, but you can of course risk a little grumble in the cup when you pour, which you are not used to if you tend to drink coffee that has run through a filter.
On the other hand, it is said that the cloud can be used for divination.
So next time you get annoyed with coffee grounds at the bottom of the cup, don’t worry. Your future may be hiding in the pattern.
Hopefully, you learned a thing or two about the different coffee traditions around the world.

domain: geography


text:
Just when you thought you had it all figured out, these two European gems throw a wrench in your travel plans. But fear not, intrepid explorer! We’ve got your back, and we’re here to help you navigate the intricate dance of Budapest and Prague. Buckle up, and let’s embark on this thrilling journey together. Curious to find out which city will steal your heart? Read on!
History & Culture
Let’s dive into the rich tapestry of history and culture that makes Budapest and Prague so captivating. Each city, steeped in stories and traditions, offers a unique experience for those who dare to unravel their secrets.
Ah, Budapest, a city where East meets West, where the past converges with the present. You’ll feel the pulse of history as you stroll through its streets, sensing the echoes of empires long gone. The merging of Buda and Pest brought together two distinct cultural identities, shaping the city’s diverse character.
Now, enter the realm of Prague, a city that has seen it all. Wars, revolutions, and occupations have left their mark, yet the resilient spirit of this timeless city endures. The architecture tells tales of glory and tragedy, while the people continue to celebrate their vibrant customs and beliefs.
But how do these cities differ in terms of culture, you ask? Budapest is a melting pot, a place where you’ll find influences from the Ottoman, Habsburg, and Soviet eras. Its vibrant art scene and bohemian atmosphere create a hub of creativity that beckons to artists and dreamers alike.
On the other hand, Prague retains a more traditional and conservative air. Its well-preserved medieval heritage is a testament to the city’s enduring strength. Yet, it is also a place where contemporary art and alternative culture are flourishing, as the city embraces the new while still cherishing the old.
In summary, Budapest offers a dynamic, ever-evolving cultural experience that reflects the city’s rich and diverse history. Prague, while also embracing change, maintains a stronger connection to its past, serving as a living museum of its storied legacy.
The choice is yours: a city that constantly reinvents itself or one that stands as a testament to the indomitable spirit of its people.
Attractions & Activities
The allure of Budapest and Prague extends far beyond their storied pasts. Both cities boast a myriad of captivating attractions and activities that cater to diverse interests. So, let’s explore what each city has to offer, shall we?
Budapest, the capital of Hungary, is teeming with architectural wonders and cultural gems. Stand in awe at the majestic Buda Castle, overlooking the Danube River, a testament to the city’s royal past. Then, marvel at the striking beauty of the Parliament Building, where Gothic Revival and Renaissance styles harmoniously blend.
Among Budapest’s most enticing features are its famous thermal baths. Immerse yourself in the rejuvenating waters of Gellért or Széchenyi, where locals and tourists alike gather to relax and socialize. For history buffs, a visit to the poignant House of Terror Museum is a must, offering a glimpse into Hungary’s tumultuous past.
Now, let’s cross over to Prague, the enchanting capital of the Czech Republic. The iconic Charles Bridge, adorned with baroque statues, is a must-visit landmark, connecting the Old Town with the majestic Prague Castle. As you wander through the castle complex, be sure to explore the breathtaking St. Vitus Cathedral, a symbol of Czech history and pride.
One cannot visit Prague without experiencing the wonder of the Astronomical Clock, a mechanical marvel dating back to the 15th century. For an unparalleled view of the city, climb the 299 steps of the Petrín Tower, a mini Eiffel Tower perched atop Petrín Hill.
And for an unforgettable stroll, meander through the fairytale-like Old Town, with its cobblestone streets and colorful baroque buildings.
So, how do Budapest and Prague measure up? Budapest offers an eclectic mix of architectural styles, thermal baths, and poignant historical sites, providing a multifaceted experience for its visitors. Prague enchants with its medieval charm, iconic landmarks, and stunning vistas, transporting you to a bygone era.
Ultimately, the choice between Budapest and Prague will depend on your personal preferences and interests. Will you be captivated by the fusion of old and new in Budapest or enchanted by the timeless magic of Prague? The decision is yours, but rest assured, both cities promise unforgettable adventures and memories that will last a lifetime.
Eating, Drinking & Nightlife
A trip to Budapest or Prague wouldn’t be complete without indulging in their culinary delights and vibrant nightlife. So, let’s dig in and see how these cities stack up when it comes to tantalizing your taste buds and keeping you entertained after the sun goes down.
Budapest is a food lover’s paradise, offering a smorgasbord of Hungarian delicacies to savor. Sink your teeth into a hearty bowl of goulash, a traditional stew brimming with tender meat, vegetables, and spices. Or, treat yourself to chimney cake, a sweet and crispy pastry, perfect for satisfying your sugar cravings.
In Prague, Czech cuisine takes center stage, with dishes that warm your soul and fill your belly. Sample the mouthwatering svíčková, a tenderloin dish smothered in a rich, creamy sauce, or savor the classic Czech delight, trdelník, a sugar-coated pastry that’s sure to leave you wanting more.
Now, let’s raise a glass to Budapest’s thriving drinking scene. The city is home to countless ruin bars, where you can sip on local beers or pálinka, Hungary’s potent fruit brandy, in the eclectic surroundings of repurposed buildings. Szimpla Kert, the original ruin bar, is a must-visit for any traveler seeking a unique drinking experience.
Over in Prague, beer reigns supreme. Czechs are known for their love of pivo, and with good reason – they brew some of the best in the world. Grab a pint at a cozy local pub, or venture to a microbrewery like Pivovarský dům, to sample an array of craft beers that showcase the city’s brewing prowess.
As for nightlife, Budapest boasts a diverse array of entertainment options. From pulsating nightclubs like Instant to laid-back jazz bars like Opus, there’s something to suit every taste. For an unforgettable evening, take a moonlit cruise along the Danube River, where the city’s illuminated landmarks create a mesmerizing backdrop.
Prague’s nightlife is equally diverse, offering everything from swanky cocktail bars to gritty underground clubs. Dance the night away at venues like Roxy, or unwind with live music at Jazz Dock, a popular riverside spot. For a magical experience, take an evening stroll through the illuminated Old Town, where the city’s medieval charm comes alive under the stars.
In conclusion, both Budapest and Prague serve up irresistible culinary experiences, vibrant drinking scenes, and lively nightlife. Whether you’re craving hearty Hungarian fare or classic Czech dishes, exploring ruin bars or beer halls, or seeking out the hottest clubs or intimate music venues, these cities have you covered.
If you’re the type of traveler who loves to indulge in retail therapy, both Budapest and Prague have plenty to offer. Let’s explore the shopping scene in each city and discover where you can find the best souvenirs, local products, and unique treasures.
Budapest boasts an eclectic mix of shopping experiences, catering to a wide range of tastes and budgets. Meander through the historic Great Market Hall, where you can find traditional Hungarian crafts, local produce, and mouthwatering food items. Or, stroll along the stylish Andrássy Avenue, home to luxury brands and upscale boutiques.
If you’re on the hunt for unique souvenirs, Budapest’s design shops and vintage stores won’t disappoint. Check out Printa, a concept store that offers sustainable fashion, accessories, and home décor. Or, explore Szputnyik, a quirky shop where you can find vintage clothing, retro accessories, and one-of-a-kind treasures.
Prague, on the other hand, is a shopper’s paradise for those seeking traditional Czech products and artisanal crafts.
Wander through the bustling Havelská Market, where you’ll discover handmade toys, ceramics, and beautiful Bohemian glassware. For a more upscale shopping experience, visit the elegant Pařížská Street, which boasts designer boutiques and luxury retailers.
Prague is also renowned for its thriving arts and crafts scene. Artěl, a boutique specializing in exquisite handcrafted glass, is a must-visit for collectors and admirers alike. If you’re searching for unique fashion, don’t miss the vibrant designs at Leeda, a local brand that offers contemporary clothing with a Czech twist.
In summary, both Budapest and Prague offer an enticing array of shopping options for travelers seeking memorable souvenirs, local products, and distinctive finds. Whether you prefer bustling markets, luxury boutiques, or eclectic design shops, these cities have something for everyone.
Finding the perfect place to rest your head after a day of exploration is essential. Let’s compare the accommodation options in Budapest and Prague to help you choose the city that best suits your lodging preferences.
In Budapest, you’ll find a diverse array of accommodation options to suit all budgets and tastes. Luxuriate in opulent hotels like the Four Seasons Gresham Palace, or enjoy the charm of boutique gems like Brody House. For the budget-conscious traveler, the city offers a plethora of hostels and affordable guesthouses.
Budapest is also known for its unique lodging experiences. Stay in a historic apartment with stunning views of the Danube River, or opt for a cozy Airbnb in the trendy Jewish Quarter, where you’ll be immersed in the city’s vibrant culture and nightlife.
Prague, too, offers a wide range of accommodations for every type of traveler. Revel in the elegance of historic hotels like the Alchymist Grand Hotel and Spa, or discover charming boutique properties like the Golden Well Hotel. Budget travelers will also find an assortment of hostels and affordable hotels throughout the city.
What sets Prague apart is its enchanting atmosphere, which extends to its lodging options. Choose a quaint guesthouse nestled within the winding streets of the Old Town, or select a stylish Airbnb in the trendy Vinohrady neighborhood. Either way, you’ll be surrounded by the city’s magical charm.
In conclusion, both Budapest and Prague provide an array of accommodation choices to cater to various budgets and preferences. Whether you’re seeking luxury hotels, charming boutiques, or budget-friendly options, these cities have got you covered. The choice is yours, so pick your favorite and rest easy.
Family-Friendliness & Children’s Activities
Planning a memorable family vacation can be a breeze when you choose the right destination. Let’s examine the family-friendliness and children’s activities available in Budapest and Prague to help you make the best decision for your next family adventure.
Budapest, with its welcoming atmosphere and diverse attractions, is a fantastic option for families. The city’s picturesque parks, such as Margaret Island or City Park, offer plenty of green space for picnics and playtime. For an educational yet entertaining experience, visit the Hungarian State Circus or the Palace of Wonders, which are sure to delight kids and adults alike.
The Budapest Zoo and Botanical Garden, one of the oldest zoos in the world, is a must-visit for families. With its fascinating collection of animals and lush greenery, the zoo promises an unforgettable day out. For a fun-filled aquatic adventure, head to the Aquaworld Budapest water park, where thrilling slides and kid-friendly pools await.
On the other hand, Prague is equally family-friendly, boasting a wealth of activities and attractions that cater to younger travelers. The city’s magical atmosphere is a delight for children, with its fairytale-like architecture and enchanting streets. Take a leisurely stroll through the scenic Petřín Hill, where kids can explore the maze, playgrounds, and the Mirror Labyrinth.
The Prague Zoo, consistently ranked among the world’s best, is a must-visit for families. With its extensive collection of animals and interactive exhibits, the zoo offers a fun and educational experience for all ages. For a unique adventure, take the little ones to DinoPark, where life-sized dinosaur models and a 4D cinema transport visitors to a prehistoric world.
In summary, both Budapest and Prague are excellent choices for family-friendly vacations, offering a range of attractions and activities to captivate children’s imaginations. Whether you’re seeking picturesque parks, engaging educational experiences, or thrilling adventures, these cities promise to make your next family trip unforgettable.
Getting There & Getting Around
Ease of transportation is an essential factor to consider when planning your next getaway. Let’s delve into the logistics of reaching Budapest and Prague and navigating these cities once you’ve arrived.
When it comes to reaching Budapest, you’ll likely fly into Budapest Ferenc Liszt International Airport, located about 10 miles (16 kilometers) from the city center. From there, you can easily catch a train, bus, or taxi to reach your final destination. If you’re traveling from within Europe, consider taking a train, which offers a scenic and comfortable alternative to flying.
Once you’ve arrived in Budapest, getting around is a breeze. The city boasts an efficient public transportation system, including buses, trams, and a metro network. For a unique and leisurely sightseeing experience, consider taking a ride on the iconic yellow trams, which traverse the city’s most picturesque routes.
In comparison, Prague’s Václav Havel Airport is your gateway to the Czech capital, situated about 9 miles (15 kilometers) from the city center.
Upon landing, you can choose from several transportation options, including buses, taxis, and shuttle services, to reach your accommodation. Like Budapest, train travel is a popular choice for those coming from other European cities.
Navigating Prague is easy and enjoyable, thanks to its comprehensive public transportation system. The city offers a reliable network of trams, buses, and a metro system, making it simple to reach your desired destination.
For a more scenic and leisurely mode of transport, consider hopping on one of the charming historic trams that wind through the city’s picturesque streets.
In conclusion, both Budapest and Prague are easily accessible via air and rail, and both cities offer efficient public transportation systems to help you explore their many attractions. Whether you’re hopping on a yellow tram in Budapest or navigating the historic streets of Prague, you’ll find getting there and getting around a pleasant and convenient experience.
When planning your trip, it’s crucial to consider the weather at your chosen destination. Let’s compare the climate in Budapest and Prague to help you determine the best time to visit each city.
Budapest experiences a continental climate, with four distinct seasons. Summers are warm and sunny, with temperatures averaging around 75°F (24°C), making it an ideal time for outdoor activities and sightseeing. However, the city can also be quite humid, and occasional heat waves may occur.
Winters in Budapest are cold and often snowy, with temperatures averaging around 32°F (0°C). While the city’s thermal baths and festive Christmas markets make it a cozy winter destination, be prepared for shorter daylight hours and chilly weather.
In contrast, Prague experiences a temperate oceanic climate, with mild summers and chilly winters. Summer temperatures in the city typically hover around 68°F (20°C), making it a pleasant time to explore its many outdoor attractions. Keep in mind that summer is also the peak tourist season, so be prepared for larger crowds.
Winters in Prague can be quite cold, with average temperatures around 30°F (-1°C). The city’s picturesque architecture looks especially enchanting under a blanket of snow, but pack warm clothing and be prepared for limited daylight hours.
In summary, both Budapest and Prague offer a range of weather conditions throughout the year. While summers are warmer in Budapest and milder in Prague, both cities can be cold and snowy in winter. Consider your preferred climate when planning your trip, and you’ll be sure to enjoy your time in either of these beautiful cities.
When traveling, safety is always a top concern. Let’s compare the safety levels in Budapest and Prague to help you feel confident and secure during your visit to either city.
Budapest is generally considered a safe city for tourists. As with any major city, petty crime such as pickpocketing can occur, particularly in crowded tourist areas. Exercise common sense and stay vigilant in busy locations to minimize risk.
Prague is also known for its safety, consistently ranking as one of the safest cities in the world. However, as in Budapest, petty crime like pickpocketing can be a concern, especially in popular tourist spots. Remain aware of your surroundings, and keep your belongings secure at all times.
In both cities, it’s crucial to be cautious when using public transportation or taxis. Opt for licensed taxis, and be wary of taxi drivers who may attempt to overcharge tourists. Additionally, be mindful of traffic, as drivers in both cities can be aggressive and fast-paced, particularly during rush hour.
In conclusion, both Budapest and Prague are relatively safe cities for tourists. While petty crime and transportation concerns are present in both destinations, exercising common sense and staying alert will go a long way in ensuring a safe and enjoyable trip.
Budgeting for your trip is an essential part of the planning process. Let’s compare the costs of visiting Budapest and Prague to help you choose the most budget-friendly option.
Budapest is widely known for being an affordable destination, offering a range of budget-friendly accommodation, dining, and entertainment options.
A typical meal at an inexpensive restaurant costs around 2,000 HUF ($7), while a three-course meal for two people at a mid-range restaurant is approximately 10,000 HUF ($35). Public transportation is also quite affordable, with a single ticket costing around 350 HUF ($1).
Prague, while slightly more expensive than Budapest, is still a budget-friendly option compared to many other European cities. A meal at an inexpensive restaurant costs about 150 CZK ($7), and a three-course meal for two at a mid-range restaurant averages around 900 CZK ($40). Public transportation is reasonably priced, with a single ticket costing 32 CZK ($1.50).
In conclusion, both Budapest and Prague offer affordable travel experiences, with Budapest being slightly more budget-friendly. Regardless of which city you choose, you’re likely to find a range of options to suit your financial preferences, allowing you to enjoy your trip without breaking the bank.
Which Is Better – Budapest or Prague?
In the end, choosing between Budapest and Prague comes down to personal preferences and priorities. Both cities boast rich histories and unique cultural experiences, with Budapest offering a blend of Roman, Gothic, and Ottoman influences, while Prague showcases stunning Bohemian architecture and a deeply-rooted artistic heritage.
When it comes to attractions and activities, Budapest tempts with its thermal baths, picturesque bridges, and iconic parliament building. On the other hand, Prague lures visitors with its fairytale-like castle, historic Charles Bridge, and enchanting Old Town Square.
As for dining, drinking, and nightlife, Budapest is known for its diverse culinary scene, lively ruin bars, and vibrant nightlife. Prague, in contrast, offers traditional Czech cuisine, a wealth of microbreweries, and a bustling club scene.
Shopping enthusiasts will find both cities appealing, with Budapest offering a mix of local markets, designer boutiques, and antique shops, while Prague is home to traditional handicrafts, art galleries, and a plethora of souvenir options.
For accommodations, Budapest and Prague both provide a wide range of choices to suit various budgets, from budget-friendly hostels to luxurious hotels.
Family-friendliness and children’s activities are abundant in both cities. Budapest boasts a host of engaging family attractions, including its famous zoo and interactive museums. Prague, on the other hand, offers charming puppet theaters, kid-friendly museums, and a captivating toy museum.
Ease of access and transportation options are comparable in both cities, with Budapest and Prague offering efficient public transportation systems and well-connected airports and train stations.
Weather-wise, Budapest has warmer summers and colder winters, while Prague’s climate is more temperate throughout the year. Choose Budapest for a sunnier summer getaway and Prague for a milder summer experience.
Safety is a priority in both cities, with Budapest and Prague being generally safe for tourists. However, exercising common sense and vigilance is crucial to minimize risks associated with petty crime and transportation.
Lastly, budget considerations may sway your decision, with Budapest being slightly more affordable than Prague, though both cities offer cost-effective travel experiences compared to other European destinations.
In conclusion, the choice between Budapest and Prague depends on your personal travel desires and priorities. Whether you’re drawn to the diverse cultural influences of Budapest or the enchanting atmosphere of Prague, either city promises a memorable and enriching experience.


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Assistant Secretary for Enforcement and Compliance Lisa Wang Remarks – May 3, 2022
Remarks by Assistant Secretary for Enforcement and Compliance Lisa Wang at the Annual Meeting of the Customs and International Trade Bar Association (CITBA)
Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLP
May 3, 2022
As Prepared for Delivery
Good afternoon, ladies and gentlemen. As a former member of CITBA, it is my distinct pleasure to speak to you today. I do not need to tell you about the important role CITBA plays in the development and practice of international trade and customs law. I commend all the outstanding volunteer work performed in support of CITBA’s mission and thank you for the opportunity to speak today at your Annual Meeting, particularly Elizbeth Drake for extending this invitation.
And I particularly salute CITBA’s recent diversity initiatives. The customs and trade bar must be more inclusive of communities traditionally underrepresented in our profession. CITBA’s commitment to diversity, as evidenced by the efforts of the Diversity, Equity and Inclusion Committee led by Irving Williamson and Mikki Cottet represents an important step in pursuit of that goal.
Since January of this year, I have had the honor of a lifetime in serving as the Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Enforcement and Compliance, following confirmation by the United States Senate. In this role, I am responsible for administering the antidumping and countervailing duty laws, ensuring foreign compliance with international trade agreements, supporting the negotiation and implementation of trade agreements, and administering the Foreign Trade Zones Program. I am humbled by the confidence put in me by the Biden-Harris Administration to steward those critical functions and excited by the opportunities ahead to ensure that U.S. companies and U.S. workers can compete against their global competitors on a level playing field.
My primary guidepost in performing my duties as Assistant Secretary is doing what is best for the American worker. I genuinely believe that American workers are not just the backbone of our country, but its beating heart. Through my personal and professional experiences, I have developed tremendous admiration and respect for all that American workers have accomplished for the resiliency of our nation.
And I understand the importance of what Enforcement and Compliance does on behalf of the American worker. I have had the honor to meet some of the amazing workers that have been affected by unfair competition and seen firsthand the effect unfair trade can have, not just on those individuals, but on their families and communities. But I have also witnessed jobs being saved when dumped imports were countered by Commerce’s remedial duties. I have seen U.S. manufacturers who have felt secure enough to invest in a new plant and create new jobs because of the relief entitled to them under the U.S. AD and CVD laws. These things matter greatly to me.
This country is built on the dedication, resourcefulness, agility, ingenuity, and dignity of the American worker. Regrettably, American workers have not always had their proper place at the center of trade policy discussions and the application of U.S. trade law. The Administration’s commitment to a worker-centric approach to international trade is one I stand firmly behind and am eager to contribute to as Assistant Secretary.
In pursuing our agency’s enforcement mission, I will prioritize the objective of empowering the American worker in making my decisions. I will strive to ensure that I understand the perspectives of U.S. workers when confronted with the various issues that will come before me. And I will aspire to make maximum use of the tools available to me under the law in support of the American worker.
With that in mind, I want to take this opportunity to highlight the efforts of all the outstanding workers at Enforcement and Compliance, who make what our agency does possible. As many of you know, I had prior experience working at Commerce, both in what was then known as Import Administration, then in the Chief Counsel’s office. So, I was already quite familiar with the considerable talent awaiting me as Assistant Secretary. Since I began this job, I have been incredibly impressed with that talent, just as I anticipated, and more.
We have a fantastic team at Enforcement and Compliance, starting with the individual case analysts in our AD/CVD Operations unit, whom many of you in this room specializing in trade remedies interact with regularly. These professionals serve as our first line in reviewing submitted factual information, assessing interested parties’ arguments, working with outside counsel, and preparing our determinations in AD/CVD proceedings, among their many tasks. Each and every one of them deserves immense credit for the quality of their work product and the tireless hours they work.
If I had time, I would recognize them all by name here today. But I do want to acknowledge those case analysts – and all E&C employees, for that matter – who joined us since March 2020, when the Federal Government adopted maximum telework flexibility in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. As many of you at law firms and other federal agencies can attest, remotely onboarding new employees during a pandemic presented its share of challenges. E&C is no exception. But since March 2020, E&C has brought aboard 81 new employees, all of whom have already made valuable contributions to E&C.
I additionally would like to call attention to the office directors and program managers in our Operations unit, who are also critical to the everyday function of E&C. They make my job much, much easier, and much, much more enjoyable. And I am extremely happy to report that the recent appropriations bill for FY 2022 included initial funding for a new ninth AD/CVD office in our Operations unit, which is very much needed in response to the proliferation over the last decade of active trade remedy cases currently administered by E&C.
Similarly, I cannot offer enough praise for those in E&C’s Office of Policy and Negotiations. From the most recently hired policy analysts to our highly trained accountants and economists to those who have devoted decades of their careers to Commerce, I benefit daily from our policy office’s knowledge, expertise, and candid input.
I also want to acknowledge the many talented lawyers providing E&C with wise counsel and advocacy in the Chief Counsel’s office. Many of those attorneys are with us here today and they deserve recognition as well. And finally, I would like to thank the E&C Communications team for their tireless work to communicate the importance of trade enforcement to a healthy trading system in a way that is understandable to everyone, and not just to us, trade lawyers.
It has been an incredibly busy four months since I was sworn in, and I am proud of our accomplishments. I am even more excited by the prospect of what E&C will accomplish in the months and years ahead.
As many of you know, Commerce is in the process of returning to the Hoover building, with the understanding that such a return may have new meaning and challenges in the post-pandemic world. With Commerce personnel starting to return to the office on a limited basis, it is important that we seek to address those aspects of our work that have been most affected by COVID-19. One such area relates to verifications in our trade remedy cases. We do intend to get back to conducting verifications on a regular basis – whether they be on site or virtual – as travel restrictions, available technology, and health and safety protocols permit.
And consistent with a worker-centric trade agenda, it is important that our workers in E&C meet and interact with those workers out in the country on whose behalf they serve. That is why I have prioritized outreach initiatives such as domestic plant tours, so that our staff can gain better appreciation – like I have – for the real-world implications of what we do.
Despite the opportunities that lie ahead, there are challenges as well. As already noted, we face an ever-increasing workload without a corresponding increase in resources. E&C is now responsible for administering 660 AD and CVD orders, which is a 137 percent increase over the number of orders in place just a decade ago. Each of those orders has the potential to spawn any number of distinct administrative segments requiring a considerable expenditure of time and effort on the part of our staff. On top of that, E&C’s portfolio continues to expand. EAPA referrals from Customs, our work with Commerce’s Bureau of Industry and Security on Section 232 duty exclusion requests, and steel and aluminum import monitoring are just a sample of items E&C has added to its already overcrowded plate in recent years.
But I am optimistic that we will rise to those challenges. And there are many recent successes that we as E&C can point to as evidence of that:
- The rigorous enforcement of the U.S. trade remedy laws has benefited U.S. industries and small- and medium-sized enterprises in the U.S. aluminum, tire, silicon metal, cabinet, and textile industries, among numerous other U.S. industries.
- Ensuring compliance of trade agreements has led to terminations of China’s AD/CVD investigations against U.S. exports, addressed China’s technical barriers to trade, held China accountable for its subsidies usage, and increased transparency at the WTO.
- E&C’s outreach efforts have helped U.S. fruit and vegetable growers understand and access the U.S. trade laws. Meanwhile, E&C’s monitoring and enforcement efforts have revitalized U.S. critical industries, like the American nuclear industry, and have addressed circumvention and other concerns in the steel and aluminum industries.
- E&C’s Office of Foreign Trade Zones has encouraged reshoring of U.S. industries, and enhanced U.S. production for, among many other products, the production of a component of the COVID-19 vaccine produced by Pfizer in Massachusetts.
I am committed to continue building upon those successes during my tenure. I thank you for your attention this afternoon and am happy to take a few questions.

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Released: 2013, NoiseArt Records (Europe/Russia) Prosthetic Records (US/Canada)
Reviewer: Metal-Rules.com UK Team
Mercenary; from Denmark have completely passed me by over the years. That’s twenty two years without ever having crossed my radar. I’m not sure I even know anyone who listens to them, but presented here is a well polished album, clearly by a bunch of pros.
I think this album would be loved by a few, and possibly forgotten by the rest. There’s nothing exactly which sets it apart. I’m reminded of Killswitch Engage and newer In Flames and things like that. I realise this review isn’t exactly impartial, I am however very tired and not particularly in the mood to be overly kind or descriptive.
As I haven’t heard any of their previous material for whatever reason, I have nothing to compare it to. ‘Welcome to the Sickness’ has some heaviness about it, but as there are no tracks on this album I actually like, you shall have to make your own mind up.
Who listens to this stuff? Jesus, there’s some vacuous metal around. Not a single emotion was stirred whilst listening to this album. I’m gonna go back to living in complete ignorance of Denmark’s Mercenary and leave them to people who care more than I.
Review by Kevin Griffiths


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Lamar Odom, Khloe Kardashian’s former partner, experienced a minor car accident in the early hours of Monday morning in Los Angeles.
The 43-year-old former NBA player reportedly emerged unscathed but understandably rattled when his Mercedes collided with two parked cars at approximately 3 a.m.
According to reports by TMZ, he was behind the wheel and was on his way back home from a friend’s in Northridge when he got into an accident in a residential area near his home.
Because he dropped his phone and was reaching down to retrieve it, he hit one parked car which bumped into another one in front of it.
No one was inside of the parked cars at the time of the accident.
Once the authorities arrived at the scene, the two-time NBA champion was cooperative and explained how the accident occurred.
As a result, they did not file a police report or press charges.
Twelve years ago, the ex-husband of reality star Khloe Kardashian was also involved in another car accident.


TYPE OF BUILDING:
BIRMINGHAM , THE MIDLANDS
30th JANUARY 2023
TOPOGRAPHIC SURVEY , MEASURED BUILDING SURVEY
For this building in Birmingham, The Midlands the documents requested where a full set of Elevations and a Topographic Survey. Elevations such as these require a high level of complexity and detail due to the amount of building features, therefore for clarity the windows have been shaded blue to help differentiate from the walls, additionally due to the buildings shape the point where the building angle changes has been indicated.


|Delivery time||25 weeks|
|Price from||221,56 € ex. VAT|
Easy-to-use digital resistance decade with many useful features.
Digitally controlled resistance decade with continuously adjustable resistance from 10 Ω to 10 MΩ, maximum current load of 1000 mA and a maximum voltage of 125 V.
The resistance value can be easily set using the blue arrow buttons (jump between unit sequence) and the knob (0-9 choice of the value). The resistive switching output comes up when the user presses a green button - To protect the connected device.
Resistance decade (cascade) is an indispensable tool for development, research, service, home improvement and education.
- Display brightness (increments from 0 to 15)
- Resistance at startup (0 Ω (short circuit), 1 kΩ, 10 kΩ, 100 kΩ)
- Transfer to a higher / lower order - the automatic increase / decrease in the order of 1 when value is exceeded 9 respectively 0. (on / off)
- Masking surplus "0" - Automatic masking "0" instead of 00001,000 Ω readable display value 1.000 Ω (on / off)
- Protection against accidental short-circuit - Auxiliary control while jumping from the set value on a hard short. For example, the resistance value of the decade is set to 10 000 Ω; while setting the fifth order (kΩ), it will be reset and the decade would be set on a hard short! Sometimes this feature is desirable, where flows a small current, but at high currents may result in damage to the decade, but also the device on which it is engaged decade.
- Adjustable range: 10 Ω - 10 MΩ
- Maximum voltage: 24 V DC, 125 V AC
- Maximum power loss set resistance: 2W
- Power supply: 12V, 1A (adapter included)
- Accuracy 1%
- Connectors: 2 x 4 mm banana
- Contact resistance when set to 0 Ω: ≈ 1 Ω
On customer request can be install remote control via RS-232 or Ethernet. We also mounting resistor for higher accuracy on request.