Online measurement and control of the pH value is by far one of the most important tasks in process analytics. For this task ProMinent offers everything from pH electrodes up to plug+play neutralisation plants.
The pH value is one of the most important chemical values. Determination and control of pH is standard in many industrial applications, in water treatment and in quality control of liquids.
Standard metering systems can be used for multiple dosing tasks. The pre-mounted systems contain optimally adjusted components that grand smooth operation. Herefore, we even grant a functions warrantee for the whole system. The metering systems can be configured individually when placing the order. A concise selection system facilitates the ordering process and ensures highest efficiency even in the order-placing step.
These systems are individually designed, constructed and supplied according to customer preferences. Also according to ATEX (explosion proof). You as our customer do not have any installation efforts. On demand, we even commission the plants on the spot.
Special applications require dosing systems that are especially designed to the respective process. Long lasting experience in the construction and operation of custom-designed dosing systems have contributed to a permanent improvement of ProMinent dosing systems.
PH Electrodes of our DULCOTEST® series offer a large range of electrodes for the solution of your measuring problem.


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A design especially for the North Hill folks that have moved away but still have home in your heart! Thanks Patty B. for the collaboration!
We can accomodate most special requests. Graphics are black. If you want a different color/style of shirt (browse the Color & Style page in the Catalog), simply click on "Add a note to your order" in the cart and let us know what you would like.

domain: design


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Motherhood is considered as most pious feeling on earth. But the journey is not easy as a woman has to go through plenty of mental and physical changes that are not less than a rollercoaster ride.
Physical changes may visible to everyone, but the mental condition is ignored many times. Pregnancy and childbirth are commonly followed by sadness, worry, and anxiety for many women.
Many women struggle to find the energy to look after themselves, their children, and their families. Some people even consider harming themselves or their children. These could be signs of depression.
Postpartum depression occurs after childbirth, and Peripartum depression happens during pregnancy.
- According to studies, about 7% of pregnant women suffer from depression during their pregnancy.
- About 10-15% of new moms experience postpartum depression, which can persist anywhere from 6 months to a year.
Symptoms of PPD
Although PPD symptoms are very much similar to general depression, a woman may experience other symptoms as well:
- Experience continuous anger anxiety and irritation
- Don’t show much interest in baby
- Loss of appetite and sleep
- Crying over tiny things and unexplained sadness
- Feeling of Helplessness and hopelessness
- Underestimate self-worth
- Lost interest in favourite things
- Thought of injuring self and baby
As a result of a change in their typical schedule and greater financial responsibilities, fathers have recently reported feeling postpartum depression.
Fighting Postpartum and Peripartum depression with VR
The symptoms of postpartum and peripartum depression (PPD) are linked to a woman’s pregnancy. Cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) is an effective treatment for such mental conditions. Virtual reality proved very effective in Cognitive behaviour therapy. VR-CBT effectively helps in anxiety reduction, paranoia and improves everyday life.
A virtual reality app (VR) creates an interactive, 3D image or environment using the advanced display and immersive audio technologies. In the meanwhile, an augmented reality app (AR) overlays video and audio onto the physical world to give information and enhance our experiences. Virtual reality systems can transfer patients to relaxing or uplifting environments or guide them through a series of mental imagery exercises.
VRis intended to help females who are suffering from postpartum depression and want to overcome their negative emotions.Patients can relax their bodies and minds at any time of day by mixing tranquil 360 degree videos of natural scenery, music, and binaural sounds with well-validated meditation techniques.
A person who uses a virtual reality tool can learn and practise relaxation techniques in a variety of peaceful settings, which they can subsequently employ in stressful situations in their daily lives. As a result, consumers’ emotional well-being and quality of life can increase.
Benefits of Virtual reality therapy
- Virtual reality exposure therapy (VRET) is a low-cost, private treatment that allows therapists to control the simulations they use with their patients.
- The therapist can view what the patient sees in the virtual environment with VR therapy. This help to address the limitation of the patient.
- The therapist can select and tailored VR content for the patient. Patients can be guided through exposure in the office by therapists who can monitor and support them.
- Patients are interested, and the experience appears to be “real,” but it provides a safe way for patients to rehearse before confronting frightening stimuli in a real-world context.
- Virtual reality aids patient participation in treatment. Patients can learn and practise anxiety management techniques in relaxing virtual environments, which can also be utilised to enhance patient involvement in treatment and establish a positive therapeutic alliance.
Motherhood is a journey that requires a lot of patience and energy. But at the same time, a woman needs a helping hand and understanding surroundings.
We at Cognihab create new therapy suits to reach every need and improve life. You can visit our website cognihab.com to know more about our offerings.

domain: psychology


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The cost of college today is astronomical. What can you do to help make it more affordable? Calvary Bible College has some helpful tips we’ve put together to help get loans, grants and scholarships, and also to help you pay for college while you’re attending.
Three Sources for Money for College
Financial aid comes in the form of grants, scholarships, loans and work-study jobs. There are three basic sources where you can get aid:
- Government (Federal and State) - Government loans are a good source for money. The government has access to the largest pool of financial aid dollars ...

domain: finance


QuestionHow do I save the folder?Community AnswerYou don't -- you edit the option.txt file and then save that. If you're not sure how to do that, there are plenty of guides online that can help you out.
QuestionWill it be bright in multiplayer to others?Community AnswerIf it is on the same system it will be bright for others. If you mean on other systems, they have to do it themselves.
QuestionHow would I do this on the new launcher?Community AnswerThe version of the launcher is irrelevant. It's done in game by going into the settings page and adjusting gamma under 'video settings.'
QuestionDoes this work on 1.16.3?Community AnswerIt does work, just open the menu> video setting and there you will find the brightness option.
QuestionThere is no gamma button for me, what do I do?Community AnswerGamma in Minecraft is another term for brightness. Use that button.
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Bathroom cabinet, Lilyfield Life Turning Furniture Into Vintage Antique Bathroom Vanity: Antique Bathroom Vanity Sets
Published at February 14th, 2018 05:23:34 AM by didin
Marked as antique white bathroom vanities subject also antique bathroom vanity with vessel sink topic along with antique bathroom vanity ideas discussion plus elegant bathroom vanities area of interest with vintage bathroom vanities for sale subject plus antique cream bathroom vanity discussion and Bathroom cabinet, So don't forget to check out the main article in Antique Bathroom Vanity Sets
© 2018 Bathroom design. Reproduction without explicit permission is prohibited. All Rights Reserved.


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Distinguished chair awards
Griffin, McAllaster, and Miller honored with distinguished professorships.
Former U.S. Attorney General Loretta Lynch joins faculty, family, and friends in celebrating Duke Law School's 2017 graduates.
Summer studies in Geneva and Durham prepare students for careers in international law.
On the Ground
Students share their experiences working with asylum-seeking families at a south Texas detention center.
News & Galleries tagged with: Student Affairs
- Helfer reprises MOOC on international human rights, beginning Oct. 19 - September 21, 2015
- Duke Law welcomes International LLM class of 2016 - September 01, 2015
- Duke Law welcomes the JD Class of 2018 - August 31, 2015
- Duke Law students' research on healthcare policy shows potential $6.4 billion savings for Pennsylvania - August 11, 2015
- Reardon '14 to clerk for Supreme Court Chief Justice Roberts - July 16, 2015
- Third-year students Jaep and Bailey collaborate on report examining proposed Pennsylvania health care legislation - July 13, 2015
- Gulati-Buchheit proposal to increase private-sector investment in Greek debt gains attention - July 13, 2015
- ABA honors Coleman with criminal justice award - July 13, 2015
- JD/LLM candidate gives one South Carolinian's perspective on the Confederate flag - July 10, 2015
- New names, renewed mission for Duke Law clinics focused on health justice - June 25, 2015
- Doedens, Blank, and Hogue '15 present Capstone Projects - June 24, 2015
- Review of DLJ note authored by Rice '15: "Descriptively elegant, analytically convincing, thoroughly informed" - June 22, 2015
- Duke Law co-hosting summer workshops for prospective applicants - June 17, 2015
- Hooding 2015: Koh tells graduates to “live your values” - May 11, 2015
- Graduation kick-off: Class of 2015 presents Justin Miller Awards, class gift at gala - May 08, 2015
- Berkland '15 describes preparing for a career in law and entrepreneurship - May 06, 2015
- Jindal '16 discusses Wrongful Convictions Clinic work - May 06, 2015
- Kovich JD/LLM ’15 reflects on her Duke Law experience - April 28, 2015
- Can we close the justice gap? - April 28, 2015
- Glassberg '17 prevails in Hardt Cup moot court competition final - April 17, 2015
- 1L Blueprint for Success: Class of 2017 makes important connections at CPDC’s annual networking event - April 14, 2015
- Students organize "Speak-Out Against Racial Intolerance" - April 13, 2015
- Davis JD/MA ’15 receives two-year Equal Justice Initiative Legal Fellowship - April 10, 2015
- Bowling receives Distinguished Teaching Award as Duke Bar Association honors students, student groups, and faculty at 2015 D.O.N.E. Awards - April 07, 2015
- Duke Law students answer Legal Aid inquiries as "lawyers on the line" - March 24, 2015

domain: law


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- This event has passed.
Doig Center Forum
April 15 @ 6:00pm
Members of a team of Montana State University researchers will share the results of one of the first statewide studies of the COVID-19 pandemic’s effect on well-being at a free online forum set for 6 p.m. Thursday, April 15.
Carmen Byker Shanks and Michelle Grocke, both professors in the MSU Department of Health and Human Development, and Justin D. Shanks, a researcher and instructor with the MSU Library, will present their research at the forum sponsored by the Ivan Doig Center for the Study of the Lands and Peoples of the North American West at MSU. The presentation can be accessed via a link at the center’s website, montana.edu/doig.
“In a matter of weeks, the COVID-19 pandemic transformed our everyday lives to accommodate social distancing, working and learning from home, and closing businesses,” said Mary Murphy, director of the Doig Center. “We know the numbers: how many Montanans contracted the disease, how many died. But what about some of the other profound effects on Montanans’ well-being?”
Byker Shanks, Grocke and Shanks will share what they discovered about food security, mental and physical health and media use across the state. The goal of their work is to ultimately build policies, systems and environments that support human resilience in the face of public health crises.
Byker Shanks is an associate professor of food and nutrition and sustainable food systems. She is a registered dietitian nutritionist whose research promotes strategies that provide nourishing food for all.Grocke is an assistant professor and is the health and wellness specialist for MSU Extension. Her research is on the socio-cultural and environmental determinants of health in rural areas. Shanks’ research investigates sociocultural roles of digital technology, practices of mindfulness and processes of information exchange.
For more information about the forum, go to montana.edu/doig.

domain: library


Grab hopper dredgers can be operated extremely accurately. The grab hopper dredger is equipped with a crane that has a grab or clamshell. In heavily contaminated areas, a special grab can be used to bring the soil up without causing turbidity.
Our grab hopper dredgers are designed for port maintenance, especially in confined areas such as docks and berths. These compact dredgers are easy to operate with reduced maintenance costs and high levels of autonomy. Options such as a trailing suction installation or TT pump unit can be installed.
A grab hopper dredger operates by using a crane to lower an open grab or clamshell, closes it at the bottom, and hoists it back up. The soil is then released into a hopper or transported for disposal.
Why choose our grab hopper dredgers?
- excellent manoeuvrability for operating in ports
- easy to operate
- suitable for dredging sand, gravel and clay, and pieces of rock or underwater objects
- reduced maintenance costs
- large crew accommodation.
Insight in the performance of your asset leads to better-informed, data driven decisions and improved operational results. That is why every new dredger of IHC Dredging comes with three-year access to Operations Monitoring. A smart digital solution in My IHC that allows you to stay on top of your operation. You don’t have to be on board to know how your vessel is performing.
Oscarten HeggelerManager Design Custom-built CSD and SDE
Get in touch and one of our experts will explain about this ease to operate dredging vessel.


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Leaked court documents raise concerns that the murder of the Honduran environmentalist Berta Cáceres was an extrajudicial killing planned by military intelligence specialists linked to the country’s US–trained special forces, a Guardian investigation can reveal.
Cáceres was shot dead a year ago while supposedly under state protection after receiving death threats over her opposition to a hydroelectric dam.
The murder of Cáceres, winner of the prestigious Goldman environmental prize in 2015, prompted international outcry and calls for the US to revoke military aid to Honduras, a key ally in its war on drugs.
Eight men have been arrested in connection with the murder, including one serving and two retired military officers.
Officials have denied state involvement in the activist’s murder, and downplayed the arrest of the serving officer Maj Mariano Díaz, who was hurriedly discharged from the army.
But the detainees’ military records and court documents seen by the Guardian reveal that:
- Díaz, a decorated special forces veteran, was appointed chief of army intelligence in 2015, and at the time of the murder was on track for promotion to lieutenant colonel.
- Another suspect, Lt Douglas Giovanny Bustillo joined the military on the same day as Díaz; they served together and prosecutors say they remained in contact after Bustillo retired in 2008.
- Díaz and Bustillo both received military training in the US.
- A third suspect, Sgt Henry Javier Hernández, was a former special forces sniper, who had worked under the direct command of Díaz. Prosecutors believe he may also have worked as an informant for military intelligence after leaving the army in 2013.
Court documents also include the records of mobile phone messages which prosecutors believe contain coded references to the murder.
Bustillo and Hernández visited the town of La Esperanza, where Cáceres lived, several times in the weeks before her death, according to phone records and Hernández’s testimony.
A legal source close to the investigation told the Guardian: “The murder of Berta Cáceres has all the characteristics of a well-planned operation designed by military intelligence, where it is absolutely normal to contract civilians as assassins.
“It’s inconceivable that someone with her high profile, whose campaign had made her a problem for the state, could be murdered without at least implicit authorisation of military high command.”
The Honduran defence ministry ignored repeated requests from the Guardian for comment, but the head of the armed forces recently denied that military deaths squads were operating in the country.
Five civilians with no known military record have also been arrested. They include Sergio Rodríguez, a manager for the internationally funded Agua Zarca hydroelectric dam which Cáceres had opposed.
The project is being led by Desarrollos Energéticos SA, (Desa), which has extensive military and government links. The company’s president, Roberto David Castillo Mejía, is a former military intelligence officer, and its secretary, Roberto Pacheco Reyes, is a former justice minister. Desa employed former lieutenant Bustillo as head of security between 2013 and 2015.
Cáceres had reported 33 death threats linked to her campaign against the dam, including several from Desa employees. Desa denies any involvement in the murder.
Cáceres was killed at about 11.30pm on 2 March, when at least four assassins entered the gated community to which she had recently moved on the outskirts of La Esperanza.

domain: news


text:
BoI will bid for Ulster
Bank of Ireland will bid for Ulster Bank despite the protests of Unionist politicians, chief financial officer Paul D'Alton confirmed.
NatWest, Ulster Bank's owner, has set a deadline of 3pm today for bids, and Bank of Ireland will be there with an 'extremely credible' joint bid in partnership with Irish Life & Permanent, D'Alton continued.
John Taylor, deputy leader of the Ulster Unionists, and Jeffrey Donaldson, their trade and industry spokesman, say the NatWest subsidiary is the only British-owned bank left in Ulster and should not fall into Irish hands. Yet the only other obvious bidder is Allied Irish Banks, the republic's largest bank.
D'Alton said: 'Bank of Ireland has been serving customers in the North for over a century, and we have customers either side of the religious and political divide.'
Bank of Ireland today reported interim pretax profits up 20% to e508 million (£325 million), while earnings per share rose 28% to 35.7 cents. Shares rose 18 cents to e8.15.
Most watched Money videos
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- Supermarket Aldi advert reveals 30% savings on household brands
- Should investors be worried by a trade war?
- Aston Martin's Cygnet city car with a 430bhp V8 engine


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- Shopping Bag ( 0 items )
New ScientistA great book that will leave you looking at leaves and petals with renewed admiration.
— Adrian Barnett
Though he didn’t realize it at the time, David Lee began this book twenty-five years ago as he was hiking in the mountains outside Kuala Lumpur. Surrounded by the wonders of the jungle, Lee found his attention drawn to one plant in particular, a species of fern whose electric blue leaves shimmered amidst the surrounding green. The evolutionary wonder of the fern’s extravagant beauty filled Lee with awe—and set him on a career-long journey to understand everything about plant colors.
Nature’s Palette is the fully ripened fruit of that journey—a highly illustrated, immensely entertaining exploration of the science of plant color. Beginning with potent reminders of how deeply interwoven plant colors are with human life and culture—from the shifting hues that told early humans when fruits and vegetables were edible to the indigo dyes that signified royalty for later generations—Lee moves easily through details of pigments, the evolution of color perception, the nature of light, and dozens of other topics. Through a narrative peppered with anecdotes of a life spent pursuing botanical knowledge around the world, he reveals the profound ways that efforts to understand and exploit plant color have influenced every sphere of human life, from organic chemistry to Renaissance painting to the highly lucrative orchid trade.
Lavishly illustrated and packed with remarkable details sure to delight gardeners and naturalists alike, Nature’s Palette will enchant anyone who’s ever wondered about red roses and blue violets—or green thumbs.
— Adrian Barnett
“What E. O. Wilson did for Biophilia, David Lee does for ‘Chlorophilia’ and indeed the entirety of how we, a visual species, interact with the vegetative world around us. Lee does a masterful job in explaining the science underlying the colors produced by plants, and in doing so shows how they both illuminate and enrich our lives. No trip to the grocery store, the florist, or even out your front door will be the same after reading this book.”--N. Michele Holbrook, Harvard University
“David Lee’s favorite plants, and the ones he has spent a lifetime investigating, are the jewel-like iridescent blue plants of the deeply shaded jungle understory, and these have stimulated him to embark on a wide-ranging book on the colors of nature. Lee moves with ease from basic science—the chemistry of pigment molecules, the physics of structural colors, the adaptive importance of plant colors for themselves and the animals that pollinate and disperse them—to the role that plant colors play in human life, from the dyeing of cloth to our art, literature, and languages, and the psychological power of certain colors. Nature’s Palette is a spacious book, full of wonder and wonders, in which the scientific and the personal, the poetic and the historical, come together in the most delightful way—it is a pure pleasure to read.”
— Philip Ball
— Timothy Walker
— Alan Cane
— Sandra Knapp
— Michael Prater
— Adrian A. Barnett
— Neil A. Harriman
One Coloring Our Bodies with Plants
Two Light, Vision, and Color
Three Nature's Palette
Four The Canvas
Eight Fruits and Seeds
Nine Stems and Roots
Ten Iridescent Plants
Eleven Why Leaves Turn Red
Appendix A: Plant Pigments and Related Molecules
Appendix B: Separating Plant Pigments by Paper Chromatography

domain: literature


The best source for new and used Fuel Tanker Trucks for sale. Many fuel oil Tanker trucks are added daily including single axle or tandem axle. Tankers come in various sizes. Tanks are normally made out of aluminum. We have manufacturers including Ford, Freightliner, GMC, International, Mack, Peterbilt, Scania, Volvo, Western Star.
Find The Right Gas & Fuel Tank Trucks. When shopping for this style of truck, youll find vehicles from some of the biggest names in the game, including heavy hitters like Freightliner, International, Kenworth, Peterbilt, Sterling, and many others. Youll find a large variety of new and used heavy-duty gasoline and fuel tank trucks for sale every day at TruckPaper.com.
Depending on the liquid in question, the tank may need to be constructed from specific materials, such as steel, aluminum, or high-density plastic for preservation or leak prevention. Some of the more common manufacturers of tank trucks are Ford, Freightliner, GMC, International, Kenworth, Mack, Mercedes-Benz,
used mack dm 6 series passenger side fuel tank for sale. 40 gallon steel. fits: 88 - present, includes brackets & straps. ready for remount vin# 1m2b212c7rm003169 have any questions or not
Welcome to Tanks, Inc. For over 30 years we have offered variety of polyethylene, stainless steel, mild steel and alloy coated steel gas tanks for street rods, muscle cars & classic trucks. We also specialize converting your vehicle to fuel injection.
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Tank Trucks for Sale As a tanker truck manufacturer, Oilmens, offers one of the largest selections of new and used fuel tank trucks for sale in North America. See our list of stock units that are ready to roll off the lot. If you dont find what you need, please contact us about the units that are currently under production.
If you are putting a gas tank under your truck bed or in your trunk one of these tanks may work for you. Tank's, Inc. also sells In-Tank fuel pumps for your special project. Call one of our sales staff for more information at 877-596-3842.
Polished Alloy 1.3 LT Fuel Surge Tank For Motorsport Race Drift Rally Dra 175mm. 175mm - Cylinder Height. 1 x Mirror Polished Aluminium 1.3 Ltr Fuel Swirl Pot. 13mm - Feed Pipe x 1 (with flared connector for better sealing of hose). Color：Silver. 135mm x 135mm - Base (with 4 bolt holes for easy mounting).
The Fuelbox provides the auxiliary fuel tank market with many options of fuel tank toolbox combos and the Auto Fuel Controller system. The Fuelbox offers high quality aluminum products including toolbox fuel tank combos, in-bed fuel tanks, tool boxes, dog boxes and other truck accessories.
Thankfully, fuel tanks have come a long way since then thanks to companies like Tanks, Inc., Aeromotive, Ricks Hot Rod Shop, Original Parts Group, and others. Now you can simply drop in an OEM replacement fuel tank or upgrade to tanks with better construction, baffling trays, and other improvements.
Fleet Truck Parts .com distributes New Aftermarket, Used, & New OEM Surplus Fuel Tanks for most medium & heavy duty trucks. We have Fuel Tanks for various trucks as listed below. Please click on the link or photos below to view our available Fuel Tanks.
International Prostar Aluminum Replacement Fuel Tank 576.5508026DR11 576.5508026PR11
Fuel Tank Buyer's Guide Summary A fuel tank is a container that holds a cars fuel in both its liquid and vapor phases safely. It supplies the fuel pump with gas that is delivered to the engine. An OEM replacement fuel tank can cost anywhere between $120 and $2,400. Rust can compromise your fuel system.
Then shop at 1A Auto for a replacement Gas Tank for your Ford at a great price. 1A Auto has many aftermarket Fuel Tanks for your Ford and ground shipping is always free! Visit us online or call 888-844-3393 and order today!


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6 results for "momentum"
National recruiting reporter Gerry Hamilton joins ESPN's Phil Murphy to discuss some college football programs that need a strong 2014 season to maintain their recruiting momentum.September 03, 2014
National recruiting analyst Craig Haubert joins ESPN's Phil Murphy to break down updates to the ESPN class rankings for 2015 football recruiting. The hottest program in recruiting maintained its momentum this week.August 27, 2014
Greg Gumbel now joins the broadcasters who have not been using Washington's nickname. The momentum continues to build. Keith Olbermann explains.August 22, 2014
ESPN NFL Insider Jarrett Bell discusses Basketball Hall of Famer Magic Johnson's comments that Los Angeles is ready for the return of an NFL team and explains why Johnson's sentiments are true.August 13, 2014
In a conversation with ESPN's Antonietta Collins, national recruiting reporter Gerry Hamilton discusses prospects who could commit in May and breaks down the momentum building at Penn State.April 25, 2014
ESPN Center Court's tennis analyst Brad Gilbert analyzes four mid-summer topics: Roger Federer's switch to a new racket, what to expect from Roger this summer, what's next for Serena Williams, can Andy Murray keep his momentum going at the US Open SeJuly 25, 2013


text:
How was your Explore Tour Leader?
What tips would you give to someone else booking this tour?
This hol gives an excellent overview of the country - the itinerary takes in the lovely capital, the beautiful lakes & mountains & the glorious Venetian seaport on the Adriatic. Go soon before someone ruins it.
Do you have anything else to add?
Explore need to promote this holiday. Most people don't know where Slovenia is and yet it is an hour & three quarters from Stansted & is one of the most beautiful countries I've been to.

domain: geography


- For a sortable list of every weapon in the game, see List of weapons. For class setup ideas, see Guide:Class setups.
Weapons are essential items used for combat against enemies, bosses, and even other players during PvP games. Some weapons can be crafted at a Work Bench or a Pre-Hardmode/Hardmode Anvil, while others can only be found in Chests, as enemy drops, or purchased from NPCs. Terraria has a wide variety of weapons and weapons classes, each suited to particular play styles or specific tasks.
- 1 Melee weapons
- 2 Ranged weapons
- 3 Magic weapons
- 4 Summon weapons
- 5 Throwing weapons
- 6 Other weapons
- 7 Notes
Swords[edit | edit source]
Swords are melee weapons which can be divided into 2 basic categories: Shortswords, and Broadswords. Shortswords have a very limited range and attack with a horizontal stabbing motion instead of an arc. Broadswords are swung overhead, which makes it easier to defeat flying and jumping enemies than shortswords.
Yoyos [edit | edit source]
Yoyos are melee weapons that are flail-like, and when thrown, seek after the player's cursor.
Spears are melee weapons that have decent range (somewhat better than swords), but attack using a stabbing motion (like a shortsword, except that spears can be aimed). Spears also have a good chance of hitting targets more than once, especially large enemies.
Boomerangs are melee weapons that come back to the player after being thrown. Together with Yoyos, they provide the earliest distance attacks that benefit from melee bonuses.
Flails are melee weapons that consist of an object linked to the player by a chain, which can either be thrown or fired. Thrown flails can be suspended around the player indefinitely, whereas launched flails immediately return to the player.
Other[edit | edit source]
These are Hardmode melee weapons that possess unique means of attack. Most also launch projectiles.
Bows[edit | edit source]
Guns[edit | edit source]
Guns are a type of ranged weapon that uses bullets as ammo.
Launchers[edit | edit source]
Others[edit | edit source]
Note: The Confetti Gun, Slime Gun, and Water Gun are novelty weapons, causing no damage or knockback. The Confetti Gun is a consumable, and can only be used once. The Slime Gun and Water Gun cause purely aesthetic debuffs and cannot be placed on a Weapon Rack.
Wands[edit | edit source]
Magic Guns[edit | edit source]
Spell Tomes[edit | edit source]
Others[edit | edit source]
Minion Summon weapons[edit | edit source]
Sentry Summon weapons[edit | edit source]
Pre-Hardmode Throwing Weapons[edit | edit source]
Grenades[edit | edit source]
Other weapons[edit | edit source]
Placeable Weapons[edit | edit source]
Other Weapons[edit | edit source]
Removed Weapons[edit | edit source]
Notes[edit | edit source]
- In total, there are 496 unique weapons (and damaging tools).
- If an enemy is under the effect of a constant-damaging or piercing attack, it will cause brief invulnerability to it, making blows that hit during this interval fail to inflict damage.
- Unlike most games, no matter how far an enemy is from the center of the blast radius, they always receive full damage from an AoE attack.
- While moving backward and auto-swinging a melee weapon, the weapon will seem to be swinging flipped. This is purely visual and does not affect combat in any way. This phenomenon has been observed in the Mobile version.


Glides easily over carpet and different types of floors.
This accessory fits 1-1/4 In. and 2-1/2 In. accessories.
Compatible hoses and wands are either 1. The same size as a quarter (1-1/4 in.) or 2. Larger than a golf ball (2-1/2 in).
Swivels and rotates from the head, allowing for ideal range of motion when cleaning.
An adjustment mechanism changes the height for both carpet or hard surface floor cleaning.
Large wheels help maneuver and change directions when cleaning.
Fits to extension wands to efficiently clean floors.
Fits 1-1/4 in. hoses and wands. Fits 2-1/2 in. hoses and wands with the included adapter.
Accessory specially designed for vacuuming carpets.
Ideal accessory for any floor or carpet.
Made with durable materials that resist dents or damage from everyday use.
Fits with the following extension wand models: VT1405, LA2508
Fits with the following models: LA2520, LA2521, LA2522, LA2570
|Name||2-1/2 in. Diffuser Accessory for RIDGID Wet/Dry Shop Vacuums||1-1/4 in. or 2-1/2 in. Carpet and Hard Floor Nozzle Accessory for Wet Dry Shop Vacuums||2-1/2 in. Locking Accessory Floor Brush for Wet/Dry Vacs||2-1/2 in. x 20 ft. Dual-Flex Tug-A-Long Locking Vacuum Hose for RIDGID Wet/Dry Shop Vacuums|
|Included Accessories||No additional accessories included||No additional accessories included||No additional accessories included||No additional accessories included|
|Wet/Dry Attachment & Accessory Type||Vacuum Adapter||Vacuum Nozzle||Vacuum Brush||Locking Hose|
|Number of Pieces||1||1||1||1|
|Model Compatibility||Fits Most RIDGID Wet/Dry Shop Vacuums with Blower Port||Fits 1-1/4 in. and 2-1/2 in. Vacuum Hoses and Wands||Fits 2-1/2 in. Vacuum Hoses and Wands||Fits RIDGID Vacuum Inlets and Adapts to 2-1/2 in. Vacuum Accessories|
|Hose Diameter (in)||2.5 in|
|Hose Length (ft.)||20 ft|
|View Product||View Product||View Product||View Product|
|Appliance Category||Appliance Parts||Brand Compatibility||RIDGID|
|Brand/Model Compatibility||RIDGID Wet/Dry Shop Vacuums||Included Accessories||No additional accessories included|
|Model Compatibility||Fits 1-1/4 in. and 2-1/2 in. Vacuum Hoses and Wands||Number of Pieces||1|
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The following is from Annie Owens. Can anyone advise?
I am a volunteer at Historic Carnton Plantation and Confederate Cemetery in Franklin, Tennessee. One of the sons of Liberty County, Georgia, James Wilson Winn, is buried there after falling at the Battle of Franklin on Nov 30, 1864.
His family came to get his body after the war, but when they saw the cemetery and how lovingly Carrie McGavock looked after all the dead soldiers buried there, they left him in her care. A year later the family returned with their wagon full of dirt from their farm and reburied him in his Georgia soil. His grave is surrounded with concrete markers setting it apart from all other graves in the cemetery.
We would like to honor his family's gesture by a special planting. I am particularly interested in the Cleistes divaricata (rosebud orchid) seen here: http://www.americanmeadows.com/StateBirdsFlowersWildflowers/GeorgiaStateFlowerBird.aspx
Is it possible to get plants? If not, can you recommend another choice?
thanks - Providence

domain: history


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As the first national space agency prepares to officially start work from July 1, working from an office at the Department of Industry, Innovation and Science in Canberra, the state governments are launching campaigns to convince the Government as to why their states are the best location for the agency to set base permanently.
When Manufacturers’ Monthly spoke last week to Megan Clark, who will lead the Australian Space Agency for the first year, she said her team was all set to have the agency up and running by July 1.
“In its first 12 months, the agency will focus on two things: working to open the doors internationally, and engaging with states and territories as to how they can hep us engage with industry and research in their state or territory and put forward a recommendation to the government for the best strategic location,” Clark told Manufacturers’ Monthly.
The federal budget 2018 announced more than $300 million government investment to kick-start Australia’s space industry and develop core satellite infrastructure. The government will establish the first Australian Space Agency with funding of $41 million over the next four years.
After New South Wales, which as appointed Australia’s first astronaut, Dr Paul Scully-Power to lead the state’s bid to locate the agency in Sydney, it is now time for Victoria and Western Australia to launch campaigns to lobby for hosting the agency.
The Victorian Government has launched a new campaign at Swinburne University of Technology to make Victoria the home of the new Australian Space Agency.
The Victoria Minister for Industry and Employment Ben Carroll has joined Victorian Lead Scientist Dr Amanda Caples and Associate Professor Alan Duffy at Swinburne to promote Victoria’s aerospace capabilities.
Victoria is basing its argument on being the hub of advanced manufacturing and home to some of the biggest names in aerospace industry, including Lockheed Martin, Thales, Boeing and BAE Systems – carryout aerospace research, development and manufacturing in Victoria.
Meanwhile, the Western Australian Science Minister Dave Kelly has called on the Federal Government to base the space agency in WA, after a report by ACIl Allen consulting concluded that WA’s geographic advantages and local expertise make it an ideal location.
The ACIL Allen report concluded that WA’s geographic advantages have been reinforced by investments in communications and computational infrastructure and access to technical expertise and that WA’s southern hemisphere location and latitude were ideal for space situational awareness and networks that required global coverage of space assets.
The report was commissioned by a Steering Group, chaired by WA Chief Scientist, Professor Peter Klinken AC, of stakeholders from the space sector, including the State’s four universities.

domain: politics


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The 'Orange Is the New Black' creators are developing a show about quarantine
It’s kind of inevitable that at the end of all this, we’ll wind up with all sorts of pandemic-inspired art. Some of it’ll be good, some of it’ll undoubtedly be awful. But the creators of Orange Is the New Black, one of the first hit Netflix original series, are the latest artists to give quaran-tainment a try.
Netflix has greenlit Social Distance, a new anthology series from the OITNB production team, according to Variety. The scripted show will focus on the “new, bizarre, bewildering reality we are all experiencing” due to COVID-19, according to a statement, and the entire series will be produced virtually, with cast filming themselves in their homes to adhere to social distancing guidelines, naturally.
Social Distance is slated to be an anthology series, meaning each installment will center on a different storyline and set of characters. The creators said in a statement they were inspired to tell “stories about the current moment we are living through — the unique, personal, deeply human stories that illustrate how we are living apart, together.”
Orange Is the New Black creator Jenji Kohan is executive producing Social Distance, along with Tara Herrmann, Blake McCormick, Diego Velasco and Hilary Weisman Graham. Velasco will direct (he helmed an episode of OITNB previously), and Graham will serve as showrunner (she wrote for the hit series). No word on when Social Distance will hit Netflix or who will star.
Social Distance isn’t the first TV show to be produced under quarantine. In early April, CBS announced it’d utilize Zoom, FaceTime and other apps to film a new episode of All Rise (coronavirus-themed, of course) while the show’s cast and crew remains on lockdown. Nearly every late night host has pivoted to producing shows at home, too.
One unexpected result of the shutdown is that audiences are getting used to lower production values, since everyone’s filming themselves at home. There’s no saying when IRL TV and movie production will pick up again — Tom Cruise seems to think he’ll be able to resume filming the latest Mission: Impossible installment this June, but the experts say, “Not so fast, buddy.” Scientists think coronavirus cases could peak again in the fall and winter, meaning Hollywood’s 2020 output may be a complete wash.
With so much uncertainty around when or if things will ever get back to normal, making contingency plans seems like a good bet. After living through quarantine, I’m not sure how eager I’ll be to revisit isolation via Netflix. But it’s cool to see creators find inspiration in these dark times and get crafty with how they bring their ideas to life.


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They come from around the world—born in Taiwan, India, Lebanon, Israel, Romania, and Russia, among other places—but they all call the United States home. The scientists presenting at the first Vilcek Science Symposium, taking place October 19–20 at Gladstone Institutes, have something in common other than their top-notch, award-winning research: they’re all immigrants.
Organized in partnership with Gladstone and the Vilcek Foundation, the upcoming symposium called “Science Crossing Borders: Celebrating the Contributions of Foreign-Born Researchers in the United States” aims to recognize outstanding science by researchers born outside the US. It also will provide a platform for the researchers to share their personal stories, network with one another, and raise awareness of the impact of immigration to inclusive and high-quality science.
“Even though we come from diverse backgrounds and study very different topics, immigrant scientists share some common experiences,” says Jeanne Paz, PhD, conference chair and associate investigator at Gladstone. “We thought it would be nice to meet, create opportunities for collaboration, and brainstorm how we can support trainees who are coming from other countries.”
“This symposium represents the first time that Vilcek prizewinners in biomedical science have a specific opportunity to connect in an academic context,” says Jan T. Vilcek, MD, PhD, cofounder, CEO, and chairman of the Vilcek Foundation, and professor emeritus of microbiology at New York University. “We hope that the 2-day program will help these leaders learn more about one another’s work and create space for potential collaborations moving forward.”
The Vilcek Foundation was established in 2000 by Jan and Marica Vilcek, immigrants from former Czechoslovakia. Their mission is to both raise awareness of immigrant contributions in the US and foster an appreciation for the arts and sciences. To date, the foundation has awarded more than $6.4 million in prizes to foreign-born individuals who have made lasting contributions to American society in areas including science, music, architecture, and literature.
“There’s often this idea in the scientific community that to be successful, you have to come from a very famous lab and follow a particular path, and it’s important for young scientists to see that doesn’t have to be true.”
In 2019, Paz won a Vilcek Prize for Creative Promise in Biomedical Science for her research on epilepsy. At the annual Vilcek Awards Gala, she and fellow winner and scientist Angelika Amon, PhD, struck up a conversation about some of the unique challenges that immigrant scientists face. They started brainstorming ways to strengthen the community of Vilcek award-winning scientists and came up with the idea for a symposium.
Plans for the symposium were put on hold due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the loss of Amon to cancer in 2020.
“Angelica was a brilliant scientist and a wonderful colleague, and we were all saddened by her loss,” says Paz. “I know she would be proud to see that we’re pursuing the idea of bringing together immigrant scientists.”
Now, the symposium is moving ahead again, with a full slate of scientific talks and mentoring sessions scheduled for October.
“We are thrilled to host this exciting symposium,” says Lennart Mucke, MD, director of the Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease. “An immigrant myself, I deeply appreciate the efforts of the Vilcek Foundation and the pioneering contributions of these outstanding speakers. Their paths beautifully illustrate that science truly is universal and boundless.”
The scientists presenting at the upcoming symposium work in diverse fields—from physics to biomedicine—and Paz hopes that getting them all in one room will create new collaboration and networking opportunities. But she also hopes that students will tune in for the talks and be inspired by the stories of the immigrants.
“There’s often this idea in the scientific community that to be successful, you have to come from a very famous lab and follow a particular path, and it’s important for young scientists to see that doesn’t have to be true,” says Paz. “You can come from a very difficult background and move far away from your support network and succeed because you pursued a path that you were passionate about.”
Paz herself was born in Georgia and moved to the US for her postgraduate research.
Like her, many prizewinners credit not only their backgrounds, but the purposeful diversity of their labs with helping them think more expansively about their research subjects. With those messages in mind, the symposium organizers have arranged roundtables, mentoring opportunities, and a panel discussion with a handful of attendees about how being an immigrant has shaped their science.
“There is no singular immigrant story or experience, and while our prizes recognize immigrant scientists, each of our prizewinners has a unique experience, focus, and insight that has contributed to their success,” says Rick Kinsel, president of the Vilcek Foundation. “We hope to make this diversity apparent, and to bolster individuals’ understanding of the ways that immigration has a positive impact on our scientific communities, and on society more broadly.”
While the Vilcek Foundation does not approach their work from a political stance, they also hope—through their awards, advocacy, and the upcoming symposium—to raise awareness of the need for visa programs and broader immigration reforms that will support admitting foreign-born scientists to pursue education and work in the US.
This distinction recognizes his and the institute’s pioneering blend of genomics and immunology toward the design and improvement of cancer immunotherapyInstitutional News Genomic Immunology Marson Lab


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The incident in a Philadelphia Starbucks, where two black men were arrested while waiting for a white friend, is new to their coverage, but African Americans say this type of treatment is not new.
Starbucks will take a dramatic step toward ethnic reconciliation on Tuesday, with 8,000 stores across the country for An afternoon anti-bias training will be closed.
Up to 180,000 Employees The Starbucks stores and headquarters provide training on a "toolkit" that will "focus on understanding prejudice and the history of public housing in the United States." Starbucks also said, "Fu The training will cover" all aspects of bias and experience. "
Business will be closed for three hours from 1 pm or 2 pm throughout the US
Training will follow a case in April at a Starbucks store in Philadelphia, where a manager called the police for two African-American men quietly waiting for a friend, their complaint: they did not buy anything, and employees denied using a toilet The police arrested the couple for trespassing, but they were later released without charge and Starbucks and police apologized. More: Starbuck's racially motivated training will include rapper common, many dialogues
More: Starbucks' racist training will be expensive, but could pay off in the long run
[1 9459038] More: As Starbucks trains implicit prejudice, the author of & # 39; White Fragility & # 39; becomes real
Protesters march in the Philadelphia store and shout "A lot of racism, a lot of crap, Starbucks coffee is anti-black" The incident came to light, CEO Kevin Johnson directed the anti-racial bias training session.
The sessions are scheduled to start after the lunch storm, but the training will be expensive, with some experts appreciating the company costing more than $ 12 million in lost profit alone.
The Trainin Media are closed. Starbucks gives a media preview of the meeting in New York and the opportunity to speak with a select few employees. The company's plan to protect meetings from outsiders, including members of the media, is not uncommon and can actually help the company achieve its goals.
"An important part of discussing sensitive issues such as race, class, gender, and sexuality is to create safe spaces for open dialogue, and you can not achieve that goal when people outside of exercise disturb these safe spaces," Dr. Nsenga K. Burton is an expert on the marriage of race, class, gender and sexuality and media, and chairman of Mass Media at Clark Atlanta University. "The presence of people who are like members of the media outside of the diversity training process changes the group dynamics and may result in some members sharing less or receiving needed information, thereby undermining the purpose of the training."
For the first time, the cafe chain has tried to deal with the subject of race. Three years ago, the then CEO, today's CEO, Howard Schultz lectured throughout the country to discuss the race, and invited the US TODAY to participate.
"Whether we admit it or not, we all have unconscious prejudices," Schultz said at the 2015 California American American Museum convention in Los Angeles.
He launched the campaign in response to race disputes in Ferguson, Mo., saying he felt "we had to do something." That there would be no ignoring or bystander. The sessions included an open conversation of staff about their own encounters with race and prejudice.
Read or Share This Story: https://usat.ly/LE5hKH


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Margo Edmunds, director of the AcademyHealth Center for Diversity, Inclusion and Minority Engagement in Health Services and Policy Research, highlights sessions on disparities and health equity at next week’s Annual Research Meeting during which attendees will have the chance to see the field from different perspectives.
Amidst a myriad of health policy changes, physician advocacy is now more relevant than ever. AcademyHealth member, Dr. Anita Shah and coauthor Dr. Abby Nerlinger highlight a tool for documenting a scholarly approach to advocacy.
Welcome to Better Decisions Together! A New Forum to Highlight Leading Research and Perspectives in Patient-Centered Clinical Decision Support
New eGEMs section seeks to realize the dream of genuine patient-centered clinical decision support.
The March 2017 issue of Milbank Quarterly features papers on the latest evidence on issues from health disparities to low-value care.
Will evidence matter in 2017? If we want to truly transform health and health care in this country, it must. AcademyHealth President and CEO Lisa Simpson writes about the key areas in health policy where evidence should matter most.
Systematic, measurable, and avoidable disparities exist in health and health care. Health services researchers and the organizations that fund them have an increasing role to play in developing solutions for the factors that currently contribute to health care disparities.

domain: health


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by Jay Seaver
"Me and My Gal" is an old movie, and that's what one has to call it. It's not a classic, and "vintage" implies that, like wine, it ages well. Not all seventy-year-old movies do that; some, like this, were just made in 1932, taxied around the country to fill a screen for a week or two, and then vanished into relatively deserved obscurity. It's not all bad; in fact, it's just good enough to show what doesn't work.We start with Danny Dolan (Spencer Tracy), a cop walking a waterfront beat. In one day, he meets Helen Riley (Joan Bennett), a sassy diner waitress, and saves an annoying drunk (Will Stanton) from drowning. This earns him a promotion but pulls another cop away from keeping tabs on the boat carrying Duke Cartega (George Walsh), a gangster that the law hasn't been able to make charges stick to, returning to the country after being away a year. It turns out he used to go with Helen's newlywed sister Kate (Marion Burns), and wants to use her respectable job at a bank to help rob the place while her sailor husband is away.
"Not a classic, just made at the same time."
Or at least, it seems that way. The movie spends a lot of time talking about "the numbers" that the Cartegas want Kate to get so that they can burgle the appropriate safe deposit boxes, but even though Duke looks to have Kate hide him after the robbery, I have no idea whether she ever did actually supply him with these numbers. This whole half of the movie is a real mess, the plot of a gangster flick uncomfortably jammed into a romantic comedy as the B story, with neither actress Marion Burns or generally-respected director Raoul Walsh able to give us much of an impression of where Kate stands one way or the other.
Of course, for all that the Kate & Duke stuff is most of the plot, it is the B story; how's the main one? It suffices, for the most part. Give the movie stars less personable than Spencer Tracy and Joan Bennett, and it might become a tough slog indeed. The pair have to get by on raw charm and chemistry, as the dialog mostly consists of Helen telling Danny to put his hat on straight and variations on calling something "jake", as one apparently did in the early 1930s (screenwriters of today, take these scenes as a warning about the perils of creating/adopting catchphrases). Neither is close to living up to their potential, but they're good enough to avoid embarrassing themselves.
Unfortunately, they're stuck in a film that at times seems to have very little confidence in its audience. Per IMDB, there were seven writers on this thing, and they still weren't able to tie the plot together. The meant-to-be-comedic banter is a real mess, with Walsh and company not only failing to get much zing by having the same lines ping-pong back and forth between characters, but also not trusting their audience. At one point, the characters actually explain what the joke for the rest of the scene is going to be, and it still falls flat. Will Stanton plays his drunk in a painfully broad manner, although Frank Moran gets a few laughs as an educated longshoreman.Tracy, Bennett, and Walsh would all have much better films in them - including Tracy and Bennett reteaming as the parents in "Father of the Bride" eighteen years later, and Walsh doing the westerns and crime movies that better suited his skils - which makes this early collaboration an interesting curiosity. It's not very good, but it's watchable enough to highlight what made the actual classics of this period work.
link directly to this review at http://www.efilmcritic.com/review.php?movie=23041&reviewer=371
originally posted: 09/21/11 02:21:06

domain: entertainment


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[BEIJING] The spread of genes from genetically modified (GM) crops to neighbouring wild plants, although inevitable, may not happen as quickly as feared, according to a study conducted in Chinese rice fields.
GM crop genes, such as those designed for insect resistance, can spread through cross-pollination with wild plants surrounding farmers’ fields — an issue considered to be of major environmental concern, as little is known of the ecological consequences of such gene spread.
But a study by Chinese scientists has found that gene flow of this type is unlikely to occur rapidly, as the transferred genes — or ‘transgenes’ — do not actually enhance the survival of wild plants. This is because the number of insect pests would have already been reduced in the local area due to the GM crops’ insect-resistant genes.
The researchers from Fudan University and the Fuijan Academy of Agricultural Sciences crossed a rice strain that had been genetically modified to carry an insect-resistant gene with a wild, ‘weedy rice’ strain, and then tested the survival of their progeny four generations later in an experimental field setting in Fuzhou, in Fujian Province, China.
The scientists compared survival rates of progeny containing the insect-resistant transgene with those not containing it, and with survival rates of the original wild rice plant, under conditions of low and high insect pest numbers.
The results showed that when pressure from pests was high, the transgene gave the hybrid varieties a fitness advantage in all tested fitness traits, such as number of seeds produced. However, when the number of insect pests was lower — as is the case in areas surrounding GM fields — hybrids containing the transgene did no better than unmodified wild rice in most fitness traits.
Bao-Rong Lu, chairman of the ecology and evolutionary biology department at Fudan University in China, and a lead author of the study, said that by tracing the fitness of the first four generations of hybrids the researchers had shown that "GM rice will not cause serious environmental problems".
Wei Wei, an ecologist from the Institute of Botany at the Chinese Academy of Sciences, welcomed the study, but said further evidence was needed to confirm the findings.
Xue Dayuan, chief biodiversity scientist at the College of Life and Environmental Sciences at the Minzu University of China, told SciDev.Net the field tests were limited in what they can show.
"It’s totally different with the open field. Under the different climate and ecological environments, the risk from the potential transgene flow or transgene pollution may be more likely to happen," Xue said.
And Bruce Tabashnik, a professor of zoology from the University of Michigan, United States, told SciDev.Net that the paper was correct in saying that it "is less likely that the transgenes will spread rapidly" when the pest population is slow.
But he added that some key questions remain, including the extent to which GM rice will reduce the number of pest insects.
The study was published in PLoS ONE last month (17 July).
Link to full article in PLoS ONE [174kB]
PLoS ONE doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0041220 (2012)

domain: biology


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Description & More Info
When Halloween hits, you're going to want these Loungefly ears in your collection to get you into the spooky spirit. We love the candy corn inspired all over print which stars Mickey Mouse and Minnie Mouse as ghosts, jack-o-lanterns, and jack-o-lantern bats. Topped off with a matching 3d bow, check out the cute Loungefly embroidery on the side of the headband too.
- Loungefly Disney Spooky Mice Candy Corn Headband
- Made from premium faux saffiano leather
- Features applique and printed details
- One size fits most
- Please note, pattern placement may vary slightly with Loungefly all-over print styles as each piece is unique
- 100% official Disney Loungefly Ears

domain: artistic


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The use of glyphosate for the management of secondary coppice regrowth in a Eucalyptus grandis × E. urophylla coppice stand in Zululand, South Africa
In South Africa, commercial eucalypt stands may be regenerated through the stepwise reduction of coppice shoots following felling. The development of secondary coppice regrowth following these reduction operations results in competition with the remaining stems, possibly resulting in a reduction in growth. Currently, secondary coppice regrowth is controlled manually, or through spraying with glyphosate at 0.6% when ca. 0.75 m in height. No research has been conducted to determine whether alternative rates and/or timing of application are possible or cost-effective. In 2006 a trial was implemented in Zululand, South Africa on a recently coppiced stand of Eucalyptus grandis × Eucalyptus urophylla so as to optimise rates of glyphosate application (0.6%, 1.2% and 1.8%) for the control of secondary coppice regrowth at various heights (0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 m). Tree and secondary coppice regrowth variates were measured annually until rotation-end (9 years, 3 months). The volume of herbicide used, the number of occasions each treatment was sprayed and associated costs were combined to provide an indication of the most cost-effective treatment. Although there were no significant differences in final coppice yield for the various rates of glyphosate and timing of application (as assessed by the size of the secondary coppice regrowth) tested, treatment efficacy in terms of treating secondary coppice regrowth increased with an increase in the rate of glyphosate applied (0% < 0.6% < 1.2% < 1.8%), especially when treated at either 1.0 or 1.5 m in height. The use of glyphosate, irrespective of rate and/or timing of application (as assessed by secondary coppice regrowth height), proved to be more cost-effective compared with manual control or the spraying of the secondary coppice regrowth at 0.75 m height with 0.6% glyphosate. The most cost-effective treatment was 1.2% glyphosate applied when the secondary coppice regrowth was 1.5 m. If reduced herbicide use is a major criterion within a company portfolio, then the secondary coppice regrowth can be manually removed when 1.5 m.
Keywords: coppice reduction, eucalypt, herbicide application, reduction operations, secondary coppice control

domain: agronomy


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Melatonin: Anti-Aging, Immune Boosting, Master Hormone
The Melatonin Miracle
by Walter Pierpaoli, MD, PhD
and William Regelson, MD
and Carol Colman
CHAPTER 3 Finding the Aging Clock
My research had persuaded me that my preconceptions about aging were wrong. I could no longer accept the conventional wisdom that aging occurred as individual cells gave out, one after another, at random. On the contrary, everything that I had learned about the interrelationship of our bodily systems and the glands and organs that comprise them had convinced me that nature had put so much care into the design of our bodies that the notion that aging had been left to chance was inconceivable. I knew that somewhere in our brain there had to be an aging clock, a chief regulator that controlled the aging process. From infancy, through puberty, through our reproductive years and beyond, we follow a preordained schedule of events that are well timed and so highly orchestrated that somewhere there had to be a "conductor." I also had an intuitive feeling that I had already identified the clock, but that I did not know it, that somewhere in the tens of thousands of pages of notes that I had taken in the course of performing hundreds of experiments, the aging clock had already revealed itself. However, like so many scientists who become fixated on one piece of the puzzle, I had become too nearsighted to see the truth. I was either in the midst of an experiment, or planning my next one, or too busy to step back and get the perspective I needed to find the missing piece of the puzzle. Sensing this, I knew that I needed time for reflection.
I have always believed that to be a true scientist, one must be more than a skilled technician. Although it is important to know how to devise the right experiments, how to execute them with precision, and how to properly record and interpret data, a scientist who is proficient only in these skills accomplishes only half the job. In reality, a true scientist must also be something of a philosopher. In other words, I think that gathering and interpreting results is not enough. After an experiment is completed and results are obtained, a scientist needs to pause and think and reflect on what we might call the big picture. It is important to look up from our own work and to see how it fits into a broader context. This is the process of synthesizing, or of combining findings with other findings to develop a coherent theory or explanation of why things are the way they are.
I have often thought that my most important breakthroughs resulted not from work done in the laboratory—although I am very proud of my laboratory research—but from the quiet hours I spent reflecting on my results and their wider implications. It was during these thoughtful periods of synthesis that I was able, as you might say, to see the forest through the trees, and that I began to develop the theory—or, if you will, philosophy—that finally led me to identify the aging clock.
In the previous chapter, I described my research on the endocrine system, the hormone-producing system of glands that regulates the most important aspects of our lives, including how we grow and develop physically and sexually. I also described my research on the immune system, whose special cells protect us against disease. I explained how I had devoted years of research to demonstrating that there was a connection between these two systems, and how eventually I did establish that the two systems are intertwined, and that the hormones of the endocrine system are in constant communication with the special cells of the immune system.
When I finally had the time for reflection, I was struck by the fact that the immune system and the endocrine system are so closely linked. I spent a great deal of time pondering why these two systems should be so closely connected. I knew that it wasn't just by chance. The human body is an exquisitely designed machine and nature has taken great pains to fine-tune and perfect all our vital parts. If nature had linked the endocrine system to the immune system, and moreover made it such a critical, important link, there had to be a compelling reason. At this point the philosopher in me took over, and the more I pondered this synergistic relationship, the more I realized that the connections between these two systems were more profound than I had first imagined.
To understand what I mean, you, too, need to step back and view the big picture, and consider the niche that we occupy in our world. We are but one species on an earth filled with literally over one million species. What makes us (and each other animal species) different is our unique genetic identity. A complex mix of genetic material is what gives us our specific identities. For example, human DNA does not look exactly like monkey DNA and neither of these look exactly like dog DNA. Each species has its own particular genetic code. Even within the same species, there are subtle differences that can distinguish one animal, or one person, from another. Your DNA does not look exactly like your neighbor's or, for that matter, your sibling's. That is why DNA testing has become such an important tool in identifying criminals.
Sometimes, because we humans are the dominant species, we forget that we are part of an ecosystem, and that life for many species in our ecosystem can be hazardous. The fundamental reason a species becomes extinct is because for some reason—starvation, disease, e chemical contamination—it becomes unable to mate or reproduce. For example, peregrine falcons were threatened with extinction because pesticides entering their food chain altered their DNA, causing 1, their egg shells to become too soft. Obviously, when a species cannot reproduce, it cannot pass on its unique genetic identity to future ' generations. The line cannot continue. Absent reproduction, there ; can be no continuation of a species, man or beast. Absent sexual attraction and sex (or a test tube substitute for it), there would be no possibility of reproduction.
All right then. We know that what makes us unique, both as a species and as individuals, is the genetic material that we carry at a cellular level. We know that if our line is to continue, we must be able to reproduce and pass this genetic material on. In order to reproduce, we need to keep our bodies healthy and strong, and our genetic material safe and intact. Viewed in this larger context, it becomes apparent that the job of our immune system is not just to protect us from disease, but to protect our species from extinction. By protecting us and our cells, our immune system permits us to reproduce and transmit our identity as a species and as individuals into future generations.
The immune system protects us from invading bacteria and viruses that can cause infection. The immune system is also an internal surveillance system that continuously monitors our bodies in order to detect and neutralize abnormal cells that can destroy DNA. One of the major jobs of the immune system is to distinguish our own cells from foreign cells, to differentiate between what immunologists call "self" and "non-self." It knows what cells belong in our bodies, and what cells do not, and when it identifies the latter, it attacks them. Without our immune systems, we would either be too weak to reproduce or, if we did reproduce, we would transmit defective genetic material. In either case, our species would eventually become extinct. The immune system, therefore, is the guardian of our genetic legacy.
Clearly then, nature knew what it was doing when it linked the immune system with the endocrine system, which controls reproduction. In the process of protecting us and keeping us well, the immune system makes it possible for the act of reproduction to occur, and without it, we would lose our identity as a species. We would lose our ability to pass our DNA on to future generations, and we would vanish.
With this in mind, I decided that it was time to step back yet again and try to gain a still broader point of view. Here we have the immune system connected to the endocrine system, and together these systems function to help ensure our survival as individuals and as a species. How else, I wondered, are they united in this common purpose?
This question led me, of course, back to the pineal gland.
By this time, science had repeatedly shown that the pineal gland, the regulator of regulators, helps control and harmonize the functioning of our reproductive (endocrine) and immune systems. For example, science had taught us that it is instructions issued by the pineal that command animals to migrate to their breeding grounds and to mate. The pineal also controls the onset of puberty in humans. Other studies—some performed in my own laboratories—had shown that the pineal, through the release of the hormone melatonin, affects the function of our immune systems.
Why, I began to wonder, had science assigned to the pineal gland the supervision of these two systems—systems that define and determine the essence and continuation of life itself? What else, I began to wonder, could this remarkable gland do? Could its power extend even beyond these two systems, and if so, how far?
Call it deductive reasoning, call it logic, call it a pure leap of faith. I had a feeling that I was closing in on a target that had always eluded detection. Could it be, I hypothesized, that the pineal gland was the body's aging clock? Could the pineal gland be the mechanism in the body that governs and controls how we age?
I decided that to test my hypothesis—to determine whether there was any real basis for my intuition—I needed to know everything that could be known about melatonin, the hormone secreted, primarily during the night, by the pineal gland. Keep in mind that by this time pineal experts had established that melatonin production declines as we humans (and other animals) age. Of course to them, this was just another of those inevitable facts of aging. To me, when viewed in the context of the pineal's role as the regulator of the endocrine and immune systems, it was a revelation. What they perceived to be only a symptom of aging, I began to view as the cause.
I knew that melatonin was not like other hormones. I had seen in my own experiments the devastating effect that a disruption in melatonin production can cause. When we kept mice under continuous light, so that their melatonin production was decreased and erratic, their immune function was depressed and they aged prematurely and died young. In addition, within four generations they stopped reproducing altogether. It struck me that if I could accelerate aging by interfering with the pineal's ability to produce melatonin, then I ought to be able to slow down the aging process and restore youthful vigor. If I could take a young animal and make it old, I ought to be able to do the reverse—rejuvenate an old, tired animal. I believed that I could do this by supplementing melatonin levels later in life, at the point in time at which naturally occurring levels began to decline.
To determine whether melatonin levels were really influencing the aging process, I devised a rigorous experiment, the nature and startling results of which I will now describe.
Melatonin: Growing Young
Do you recall how, in the first chapter of this book, when we asked you to picture yourself in your mind's eye as an "old person," you conjured the image of someone worn, frail, and growing increasingly more debilitated with the passing years?
What if we asked you to perform the same exercise now that you know that by taking melatonin you can reset your body's aging clock? Is the image you hold in your mind now different? We hope it is.
We hope that the information we have given in these chapters about the aging clock has already succeeded in changing your attitude about aging, because thanks to what we now know about melatonin and the body's aging clock, we are the first generation that need not experience the downward spiral that has become synonymous with aging. Aging, in that sense, is a thing of the past. Indeed, our purpose in writing this book is not only to change your attitude about the future, but to actually change your future.
Ours is the first generation that need not experience senescence, the dismal physical decline now associated with old age. We are the first generation that need not resign ourselves to accepting the fate that our later years will be filled with debility and disease. Ours is the first generation that has the capacity, by resetting our aging clock, to actually prolong youthful health and vitality into our eighties, nineties, and possibly even our hundreds.
The time has come for us to stop regarding our later years as a period of winding down. By resetting our body's aging clock with melatonin, we believe it is possible not only to extend life by decades, but by healthy, youthful, productive decades. Rather than growing old, we are talking about the possibility of maintaining our youthful health and functions even as we age.
In earlier chapters, we explained that the pineal, the tiny gland embedded deep within the brain, controls the aging process. We call the pineal gland our aging clock because it is the body's timekeeper. We age because our pineal function declines over time, and as it does it produces less melatonin. This reduction in melatonin signals to the rest of the body that it is time for it to age. But if we reset our aging clock by taking melatonin, we can reverse those signals and stave off the downward spiral. Is this merely some vague and nonspecific promise of renewal? On the contrary, as you will see in the chapters that follow, the research indicates that melatonin supplementation can forestall the very real and very destructive effects of aging, including weakened immune function, cancer, sleep disorders, and heart disease.
The promise of melatonin may at first strike you as miraculous but there is nothing magical or mysterious about it. Melatonin works by restoring the function of the pineal gland, and thus it restores the balance to our body that we need to maintain the health we naturally enjoy in youth. The pineal gland is the "regulator" of the glands in our body that produce the hormones that run all our essential bodily systems. By keeping the pineal gland functioning well, melatonin helps to sustain and maintain all the different organ systems that keep the body running smoothly and efficiently. In youth our bodies work well because all our systems are working in tandem. Remember our analogy with the orchestra conductor? Without the conductor, the wind section and brass section may fall out of step and before long the harmonious music is lost.
As we age, and our pineal function declines, our central regulator loses some of its control over the various body systems. It is like an orchestra operating with a conductor who is no longer in control. Just as would happen in the case of the orchestra, without our central regulator performing at peak function, our body systems, once left to their own devices, soon fall out of sync. The disharmony that ensues leads to a gradual breakdown of the systems themselves. Melatonin supplementation can prevent this disorganized state of affairs from occurring.
We believe that melatonin supplementation works because it addresses not the symptoms but the underlying disease, which is aging itself. The positive effects of melatonin are well documented. It has been shown to bolster immune function, lower blood cholesterol levels, protect against the negative effects of stress, restore healthy sleep patterns, and help the body defend against cancer and heart disease. We want to emphasize, however, that these individual benefits are the result of melatonin's more primary and overarching function—to target the underlying conditions that give rise to these particular problems. We believe that what is truly remarkable in the discoveries regarding melatonin and the pineal gland is that we now have the key to getting ahead of the degenerative diseases normally associated with aging. By taking only a very small dose of melatonin, just enough to boost your melatonin level back to what it was when you were in your twenties, you can keep your body and each of its essential systems functioning in the synchronized manner they did in your youth. (Please refer to Chapter 14 for detailed discussion of dosage recommendations.) By supplementing melatonin after our natural production drops off, we can thereby maintain the conditions that kept us healthy, vital, and youthful in our younger years. To better understand exactly how melatonin works these wonders upon our bodies, let's take a closer look at the mechanics involved in the age-reversing properties of melatonin.
MELATONIN: THE NORMALIZER
As we have observed, the pineal gland is not just another gland; on the contrary, it is the super-gland that regulates all other glands. The pineal gland is called the regulator of the body because it helps to maintain normal hormone levels and the normal cycling of hormones. It does this by transmitting messages through its primary messenger, melatonin.
Hormones control virtually all of our bodily functions, including the maintenance of body temperature, reproduction, blood pressure, kidney function, and even the very beating of our hearts. Melatonin is a buffer hormone, because unlike other hormones that exert a direct, targeted influence on a particular organ or system, melatonin operates indirectly by modulating or fine-tuning other hormone levels. The job of melatonin is to ensure that the levels of other vital hormones stay within a normal range in response to environmental change.
As we age, the levels of many key hormones change, and this can throw our body's organ systems out of whack. This happens because the pineal gland, the regulator, begins to break down, and as a result its ability to produce melatonin begins to falter. By taking melatonin supplements, we can strengthen the functioning of the pineal gland and prevent further destruction. By restoring the pineal function, we can restore other important hormones to their youthful levels, and by doing so, we will retain the youthful state of our bodies.
The way in which melatonin helps our bodies combat the negative effects of stress is a good example. When we are under stress, our adrenal glands produce stress hormones called corticosteroids. Exposure over time to high levels of corticosteroids can cause damage to many of our organs, including the heart, the brain, and even the arteries that carry blood throughout the body. Indeed, chronic exposure to corticosteroids has been linked both to heart disease and Alzheimer's disease. When we are young and our corticosteroid levels become too high, it is melatonin that works together with other hormones to quickly bring them down to normal levels. But as we age, and our melatonin level declines, its influence on corticosteroids declines too. As a result, our corticosteroid level remains higher for longer periods of time, thus increasing our exposure to these potentially damaging hormones. By taking melatonin, we can restore corticosteroids back to healthier youthful levels. (For more on stress, see Chapter 11.)
Much of what goes wrong in old age is the effect of our hormones no longer maintaining the balance they once did. In fact the diseases that have become associated with normal aging such as diabetes and heart disease, as well as many types of cancers, are largely the result of what happens when the correct balance of hormone levels is upset. By restoring the proper hormonal balance, melatonin can help prevent many of these diseases and keep our bodies youthful.
Pierpaoli's website: http://www.drpierpaoli.com/index.php?node=293&lng=2&rif=ed5bd85078
"Depression is the most dangerous and devastating of all diseases, in so far it deprives us of any joy and motivation of life. Depression blocks and alters mental biochemistry and creates a vicious circle of negative events in the body and in the brain. For centuries induced fear and depression have been utilized by authoritarian and tyrannical religious movements and regimes to enslave people and make them docile and subdued."
"I recommend a regular nightly intake of melatonin of 3 mg., with
additional zinc for all persons more than 40 years old. Melatonin can
also be taken by younger persons for periods of weeks or months,
especially when under conditions of severe stress, insomnia, jet-lag and a number of pathologies, including autoimmune diseases of all kind."
"...one could speculate that aging is by-itself the progressive
extinction of the capacity to distinguish between "self" and "non-self," namely to maintain self-tolerance. This is typically shown in the emergence of autoimmune diseases and cancer, which is progressive with aging."
"Did anybody replicate my experiments with melatonin
<http://www.antiaging-systems.com/a2z/melatonin.htm> and pineal grafting before they criticized me? No! This is a true mystery of the 20th century. This question must be addressed in particular, to those
scientists who, without any justification whatsoever, spread injury and false news by hiding behind the safety curtain of "prestigious
journals." Their behavior must be condemned and made public, because
their irresponsible and irrational attacks have produced an awful lot of damage to millions of persons around the world."


This year marks the 10th Annual Run4Change, and registration is open. The event will take place Saturday, October 1, 2022. The Run4Change honors the Deutscher Family, a young family tragically killed on July 6, 2012. The family was killed by a drunk driver whose blood alcohol was over three times the legal limit. Alcohol is a factor in 41% of fatal crashes in North Dakota, and the fix is something we can all have a hand in. Don’t drink and drive, call for a sober ride.
“We don’t want the kids just remembered as the victims of a drunk driving accident. We want to remember them for what they were. Contributing members of society. They were vibrant athletes and what better way to remember them, than with a run.”
Tom DeutscherFather of Aaron Deutscher
The family and friends of the Deutschers developed the run as a way to create change, hoping to shift people’s perception of drinking and driving. Hundreds have supported the cause over the years through volunteering and participating in the walk and run. The North Dakota Safety Council uses funds raised through the event to encourage safer choices and educate people statewide about the dangers of drinking and driving.
We can’t do this without your help. Choose to sponsor the event or donate to the cause. Pledge your time to walk or run. Your support makes an impact.
Three ways to make a change:
Commit to supporting the cause by registering for the event
Help Sponsor the Run4Change. Contact Kristin Wilson at email@example.com
Share your passion and participation on Facebook by sharing registration information posting a photo or video and tagging us at #NDRun4Change


text:
Leroy Jenkins: violin, viola
Jerome Cooper: drums, piano
After work with Archie Shepp and Alan Silva, and as a member of the woefully short-lived Creative Construction Company, Jenkins hooked up with bassist Sirone (né Norris Jones, who had been with Pharoah Sanders, Marion Brown,
Sadly, for such an influential group, their five albums were released on five different labels, all out of print until now. Originally self-released, The Psyche was the third and thus far most accessible with three long pieces, one by each participant, featuring Jenkins’ cerebral tone,
Though two of the three compositions are lengthy (accounting for 39 of the 47 minutes), you can focus on the subtle interactions between Jenkins and Sirone rather than struggling through the usual soup of a horn-based avant-garde session.
This review originally appeared in AllAboutJazz-New York .
1975 THE PSYCHE


text:
CHATHAM, NJ – The Borough and Township of Chatham were among seven towns in Morris County that recently received 2021 sustainable jersey certifications.
Statewide, each of Chatham’s towns has been recognized as 52 towns in New Jersey achieving Sustainable Jersey certification in 2021, with 24 of them – including Chatham Borough and Township – reaching Silver.
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Sustainable Jersey is a program in which municipalities can participate voluntarily and free of charge, demonstrating that they have made progress in sustainability. Cities must have achieved a minimum of 350 points for the silver level, demonstrating to the organization their achievements through special programs, ordinances, the creation of a green team and other activities. Once certified, a municipality retains its certification for three years, according to Sustainable Jersey.
The cities were recognized at the 2021 League of Municipalities conference in Atlantic City in mid-November.
The winners and the certified cities exemplify the commitment we need to accelerate the transition to a sustainable world, ”said Randall Solomon, executive director of the organization, in a press release on the honor. “As New Jersey grapples with issues such as the climate crisis, a growing divide between fairness and environmental pollution, it is critical that we support municipalities as they do the hard work to address these challenges at the local level. “
In Morris County, the Chathams placed in the top three to achieve certification in 2021, in terms of points toward certification, with Madison receiving the highest honors for Morris County with a “Champion of the Day” award. sustainability ”statewide for mid-sized cities – or cities with 5,000 to 40,000 residents – with 850 points.
After Madison’s silver standings and his spot as the county’s top scorer, Chatham Borough was second with 535 points, followed by Township with 380.
Chatham Borough was first registered with the organization in 2009, having achieved certification in October 2015, 2018 and 2021. Garden, the Borough’s Farmers Market and their support for local businesses with a catering pavilion , the concerts of the Spring Serenade. See the full list here.
The Township of Chatham was also registered in 2009, having also obtained its certifications in October 2015, 2018 and 2021. In addition to a “community animal program”, the township held a sale of plant pollinators of ‘a month and a Zoom webinar, held at Green Fairs, has a community garden, replaced lighting at Nash Field, instituted a plastic bag ban, hosted its 1,000 mask challenge and has a composting program . She has a full list of the township here.
Morristown and Mountain Lakes each achieved silver status in 2021 with 350 points, with Parsippany taking home a bronze medal and 250 points.
“These communities are helping New Jersey to rebuild better after the COVID-19 pandemic and it is our honor to work with them as we strive for a better future,” Solomon said of all those honored.
Click here for the full list of the 52 cities that achieved Sustainable Jersey certification statewide in 2021.
See the map with all registered cities statewide, including those that have already been certified, here.
Questions or comments about this story? Do you have a tip? Contact me at: [email protected]


Analysis of Frames and Machines
The process used to analyze frames and machines, involves breaking the structure down into individual components in order to solve for the forces acting on each component. Sometimes the structure as a whole can be analyzed as a rigid body, and each component can always be analyzed as a rigid body.
The Process Used to Analyze Frames and Machines:
The process used to analyze frames and machines is outlined below:
- In the beginning it is usually useful to label the members in your structure. This will help you keep everything organized and consistent in later analysis. In this book, we will label everything by assigning letters to each of the joints.
- Next you will need to determine if we can analyze the entire structure as a rigid body. In order to do this, the structure needs to be independently rigid. This means that it would be rigid even if we separated it from its supports. If the structure is independently rigid (no machines, and only some frames will be independently rigid), then analyze the structure as a single rigid body to determine the reaction forces acting on the structure. If the structure is not independently rigid then skip this step.
- Next you will draw a free body diagram for each of the
components in the structure. You will need to include all forces
acting on each member, including...
- First add any external reaction or load forces that may be acting at the components.
- Second identify any two force members in the structure. At their connection points they will cause a force with an unknown magnitude but a known direction (the forces will act along the line between the two connection points on the member).
- Next add in the reaction forces (and possibly moments) at the connection points between non-two force members. For forces with an unknown magnitude and direction (such as in pin joints) the forces are often drawn in as having unknown x and y components (x, y and z for 3D truss problems).
- Remember that the forces at each of the connection points will be a Newton's Third Law pair. This means that if one member exerts some force on some other member, then the second member will exert an equal and opposite force back on the first. When we draw out our unknown forces at the connection points, we must make sure that the forces acting on each member are opposite in direction.
- Write out the equilibrium equations for each component you drew a free body diagram of. These will be extended bodies, so you will need to write out the force and the moment equations.
- Finally, solve the equilibrium equations for the unknowns. You can do this algebraically, solving for one variable at a time, or you can use matrix equations to solve for everything at once. If any force turns out to be negative, that indicates that the force actually travels in the opposite direction from what is indicated in your initial free body diagram.