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In a world filled with chaos and challenges, who wouldn't want to feel like a superhero, even when they're tucked into bed? Superhero nightwear has become a trendy and exciting way for people of all ages to embrace their favourite comic book characters and indulge in the exciting world of crime-fighting, even in their dreams.
Whether you're a die-hard comic book fan, a parent looking to ignite your child's imagination, or just someone who loves cozy and fun pajamas, this blog post will take you on an exhilarating journey through the world of superhero nightwear. We'll explore the history, the cultural significance, the popularity, and the variety of superhero-themed sleepwear available today.
The Birth of Superhero Nightwear
Superheroes have been a part of popular culture for decades, captivating audiences with their incredible powers, unwavering moral compass, and colorful costumes. It didn't take long for these iconic characters to find their way into our everyday lives, including our sleepwear.
The first superhero-themed pajamas made their debut in the mid-20th century. These early iterations featured popular characters like Superman, Batman, and Wonder Woman. These pajamas were often made of comfortable, breathable materials, perfect for a good night's sleep while dreaming of heroic adventures.
Chapter 2: The Cultural Significance
Superheroes represent more than just characters in comic books or blockbuster movies. They embody values, morals, and virtues that inspire us in our daily lives. Superhero nightwear taps into this cultural significance, allowing fans to connect with their favorite heroes on a personal level.
Wearing superhero-themed pajamas can be empowering. It's a way to remind ourselves of the importance of courage, justice, and kindness, even in our most vulnerable moments. For children, it's a source of comfort and a way to foster imagination and creativity.
Chapter 3: The Popularity Boom
In recent years, superhero nightwear has seen a surge in popularity which can be attributed to several factors:
The Success of Superhero Films: The superhero film genre has reached new heights of success, with major franchises like the Marvel Cinematic Universe and DC Extended Universe dominating the box office. As these films attract a wider audience, the demand for superhero merchandise, including nightwear, has skyrocketed.
Nostalgia: Many adults who grew up reading comic books and watching superhero cartoons are now parents themselves. They are introducing their children to the same characters they loved as kids, creating a sense of nostalgia that drives the purchase of superhero-themed pajamas.
Fashion and Comfort: Modern superhero nightwear combines style and comfort, making it appealing to a broader range of consumers. Gone are the days of plain, uncomfortable pajamas. Today, you can find superhero nightwear in various styles and materials, ensuring a cozy and fashionable night's sleep.
Choosing the Right Superhero Nightwear
When it comes to selecting the perfect superhero nightwear, there are several factors to consider:
Character Preference: The first and most crucial factor is your choice of superhero. Are you a Superman fan, a Marvel enthusiast, or do you prefer the dark and brooding world of Batman? Your choice of character reflects your personality and interests.
Material: Comfort is key when it comes to sleepwear. Polyester makes a good choice as its soft and machine washable, although if its for wearing in bed cotton can be cooler as its more breathable.
Style: Superhero nightwear comes in various styles, from full sets with matching tops and bottoms to onesies and nightshirts. Choose a style that suits your preferences.
Size and Fit: Ensure that your nightwear fits comfortably. Whether you prefer a snug fit or a more relaxed style, finding the right size is essential for a restful night's sleep.
Superhero Nightwear for All Ages
One of the most remarkable aspects of superhero nightwear is its inclusivity. It's not just for kids; there's something for everyone.
Children's Nightwear: Superhero-themed pajamas for kids often feature vibrant colors, playful designs, and safety features such as flame-resistant materials. These pajamas allow children to immerse themselves in the world of superheroes while staying safe and comfortable.
Adult Nightwear: Adults can also indulge in the superhero experience with a wide range of options. From stylish pajama sets to cozy onesies, there are choices for every taste. Many adult superhero nightwear pieces are designed with a subtle nod to comic book characters, making them suitable for both bedtime and lounging around the house.
Matching Family Pajamas: For a fun family experience, consider matching superhero nightwear for the entire family. This can be a fantastic way to bond and create lasting memories together.
Beyond Pajamas - Superhero Loungewear
The world of superhero-themed clothing doesn't stop at nightwear. Superhero loungewear has also gained popularity, offering a way to showcase your love for your favorite characters during waking hours.
Superhero Hoodies: Hoodies featuring iconic superhero logos and designs are a trendy choice for casual wear. They're perfect for running errands, attending conventions, or simply showing off your fandom.
Superhero Slippers: Keep your feet cozy and stylish with superhero-themed slippers. Whether you're a fan of Spider-Man. Deadpool, Rocky Balboa, there's a slipper design for you.
Superhero Robes: Relax in style with a superhero robe. These robes often feature intricate character designs and are made from plush materials for maximum comfort. Some come in an exclusive design which makes it even more special.
DIY Superhero Nightwear
For those with a creative streak, making your own superhero nightwear can be a rewarding project. Whether you're sewing, painting, or using iron-on transfers, there are countless ways to customize your sleepwear to reflect your favoirite heroes.Nowadays there are great ideas around this on Instagram and TikTok reels
Choosing Fabrics: Start by selecting the right fabrics for your project. Cotton is a popular choice for pajamas due to its breathability and comfort. Choose fabrics with superhero-themed prints or solid colors that match your chosen character's costume.
Designing and Decorating: Depending on your crafting skills, you can add superhero logos, emblems, or other designs to your pajamas. Iron-on transfers and fabric paint are great options for personalizing your nightwear.
Accessories: Don't forget to add finishing touches like capes or masks to complete your superhero look. These accessories can be easily attached to your pajamas for added flair.
Finally, Superhero nightwear is more than just clothing; it's a way to express your love for iconic characters and the values they represent. Whether you're a child with dreams of saving the world or an adult looking for comfort and style, there's a superhero-themed sleepwear option for you.
As the popularity of superheroes continues to soar in our culture, so does the demand for superhero nightwear. Whether you're purchasing ready-made pajamas or embarking on a DIY project, embracing your inner hero through your sleepwear is a fun and meaningful way to connect with the fantastic world of comics. So, go ahead and slip into your superhero nightwear, and let your dreams be filled with heroic adventures!


text: Bears is a Disneynature film about, you guessed it, bears. We follow a momma bear and her two cubs as she teaches them how to survive in the Alaskan wilderness. It was interesting enough that we are glad we have seen it but isn’t one we need to watch again and again. The imagery is beautiful and watching what they were able to capture these animals is incredible. If you get a chance to see it, go ahead.

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After the bolts are installed, these finisher plugs give the installation a neat look. The factory hatch bumpers are also replaced with these adjustable parts.
These receivers for the hatch bumpers are bolted to the top of the OEM spoiler mounts and the mounts are then retracted into the car. These mounts support a lot of the downforce the wing creates will still allowing the hatch to open like a factory part. This system can safely support hundreds of pounds of force.
Once the mounts are retracted, the plug that raises and lowers them is unplugged so the car’s ECU won’t try to raise the wing that isn’t there anymore.
The swan neck wing supports are bolted to the sides of the spoiler.
Next, the wing main element is attached to the swan neck mounts and the end plates are attached.
The rear wing is now in place, we adjusted it to the flat position for our initial setup.


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The City of Chicago is currently in Phase Four: "Gradually Resume." Many City services have adjusted hours or locations and may require health screens prior to entering their physical
spaces. Please call ahead or visit any department's website to get additional details, or visit chicago.gov/covid-19.
The Chicago Police Department, as part of, and empowered by, the community, is committed to protect the lives, property, and rights of all people, to maintain order, and to enforce the law impartially. We will provide quality police service in partnership with other members of the community. To fulfill our mission, we will strive to attain the highest degree of ethical behavior and professional conduct at all times.


At the Web 2.0 summit in San Francisco last night MySpace CEO Owen Van Natta announced several new MySpace Music services for users including a MySpace Music Videos product, MySpace Music Artist Dashboard and Apple/ iTunes integration.
MySpace Music Videos aggregates music video content from all of the company’s major and independent label partners complete with video search to enables users to search by video and bring up artist profiles and songs. A new video player includes integrated “Buy” buttons so users can purchase artist’s music through iTunes or Amazon.
MySpace’s Music Artist Dashboard is a free, comprehensive data dashboard which provides global artists and labels with detailed analytics about their content within the MySpace community including charts, graphs, and snapshots. Data includes fan geography, song plays, profile views, friend count, and profile visitors.
Finally, MySpace Music users can now purchase and download music through iTunes in addition to Amazon MP3, and MP3 ringtones via Jamster.


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Things are getting worse in Europe.
Both France and Spain are now off over 1.1%.
Italy is holding up fairly well, just down 0.75%.
This is Italy's FTSE MIB index.
Lows of the day.
The 5 biggest stock market crashes in history have 'striking' similarities
More "The Bottom Line" »
Here's how much you need to save for college every year depending on when you start
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Lesson from Indian Army: In conversation with Raghu Raman
In a special interaction with Raghu Raman , Sonali Krishna of ET Now, talks about the Army life. Take a look.
Bengaluru's tryst with original music goes back to two or more decades: Raghu Dixit
Although the city has always been so conducive to musicia...
Use dips to pick up pharma stocks: UR Bhat, Dalton Capital Advisors
As far as sectors are concerned, most of the stocks are reasonably well v...
We expect more demand this year: V Raghu, ED, Repco Home Finance
"We have seen 30 per cent growth in our loan book during the first nine months of the current year"
We will do whatever is necessary to achieve aggressive growth in all our businesses: Bhaskar Bhat, Titan
We have some correction to do and there will be a market response apart from the positives going for the jewellery business.
SREI, KEC International and Welspun have potential: Dilip Bhat, Prabhudas Liladher
"Midcaps in logistics, infra, auto, chemicals and and the market cap up to Rs 12,000 crore to Rs 14,000 crore have been showcased"
Not the time to sell big: UR Bhat, Dalton Capital
In a chat with ET Now, UR Bhat, Dalton Capital, says investors can pick up good quality private bank, engineering stocks at cheap price now
Jamna Auto, Navkar Corp and Sutlej Industries shine among midcaps: Dilip Bhat, Prabhudas Lilladher
Poor IIP numbers may increase the volatility but but markets will move upwards.
Raghu Ram of 'Roadies' fame and Sugandha Garg to file for divorce
The reason cited behind their break-up is that the couple is not getting enough time to spend with each other due to their work commitments.
Kashmir shuts on JKLF founder Maqbool Bhat's death anniversary
Extra contingents of security forces were deployed in all district centres and sensitive towns and villages, fearing spontaneous protests.
Bhaskar Bhat appointed as Chairman of TATA SIA Airlines
Vistara today announced the appointment of Bhaskar Bhat, as Chairman of Tata SIA Airlines Limited that operates an airline under Vistara brand name.
PayPal appoints Guru Bhat General Manager
San Jose-based PayPal, a digital payment firm, today announced Guru Bhat as the General Manager of the Chennai Technology Center in India.
Media space is worth watching closely: UR Bhat
Well I am sure, I mean they have to make a real big splash for the existing terrain to be really affected, but small beginnings.
Rallis India appoints Bhaskar Bhat as Chairman
Tata group's agro-chemical firm Rallis India today said it has appointed Bhaskar Bhat as Chairman of the company.
Successive governments sold false dreams to Kashmiri Pandits: Actor Rahul Bhat
Bhat said successive governments have sold "false dreams" and offered "lollipops" instead of formulating a "comprehensive and inclusive road map."
Most musicians cash in on calamities: Raghu Dixit
Dixit is known for rendering music for Kannada films, and is foraying into Tamil films as well.
Pharma space provides opportunity to make money this year: UR Bhat
I think that is one space where there could be some money that is there to be made in the next one year.
Turnaround in PSBs' fortunes still two quarters away: UR Bhat
Now, quite a lot of the damage is behind us but I still think that turnaround, at least, in the public sector banks is probably some time away.
Market should bottom out at around 7250 or at worst, 7100 levels: U R Bhat, Dalton Capital Advisors
In a chat with ET Now, U R Bhat, MD, Dalton Capital Advisors, says investors should go in for largecap stocks now rather than be invested in the midcap stocks which have outlived their valuation levels
Swatch's segment strategies and quality obsession are worth emulating: Bhaskar Bhat
We entered with the aim of serving a slightly different consumer, who would be younger, upwardly mobile and probably had shifted 2-3 cities.
Arvind Bhat bids farewell to international badminton
Arvind represented the country in many international events, including the prestigious Thomas Cup for seven times, the 2010 Asian Games and World Champions four times.
Raghu Dixit concert in support of UN goals lights up Old Fort
Raghu Dixit rooted for the new global goals of the United Nations aimed at tackling poverty, inequality and climate change during a concert here.
There is still headroom for some more rate cuts: Shyamsunder Bhat, Exide Life Insurance
While we should see decent growth in the coming quarters, it is time corporate earnings pick up too, says Shyamsunder Bhat.
Tata Chemicals appoints Bhaskar Bhat on its board
Tata Chemicals has appointed Bhaskar Bhat as Additional Director on its board. Tata Chemicals also appointed John Mulhall as its CFO.
Tata Chemicals appoints Bhaskar Bhat on its board
Tata Chemicals today appointed John Mulhall as its Chief Financial Officer (CFO) of the company.
Strong order book, cheap valuations make L&T a good buy: Dilip Bhat
L&T is now available at a 52-week low level; we see this as a a very good opportunity to buy into the counter, says Bhat.
RBI move positive for low-cost housing: V Raghu, Repco Home Finance
"This is a very good move by the RBI. It is a surprise move also to announce that they will reduce the risk weights."
Go long to make reasonable money in 2016: R Bhat, MD, Dalton Capital Advisors
"In the short run, there may certainly be some reaction. But otherwise, it only shows that we are not very consistent in what we do."
Two senior Maruti Suzuki executives SN Burman, Manohar Bhat resign
SN Burman, vice-president and head of institutional sales and used-car business, submitted his resignation a few weeks ago and is likely to leave the company this week.
Personal stories are better way to explain war tales: Raghu Karnad
Journalist, writer and Bengaluru boy Raghu Karnad talks about flawed historical perceptions, tackling non-documented facts and personal influences.
Hizbul Mujahideen commander Fayaz Ahmad Bhat's body recovered in Kashmir
Police suspect that the act has been carried out by LeI - an outfit floated by Abdul Qayoom Najar, the longest surviving militant in north Kashmir.
Udhampur terror accused Showkat Ahmed Bhat undergoes lie detector test
36-year-old Bhat, who hails from Kashmir, was taken to Central Forensic Science Laboratory (CFSL) this morning and the process of a lie detector test began from 11 AM.
FIIs buying domestic stocks, but conviction missing: UR Bhat, MD, Dalton Capital Advisors
The second half of the earnings season generally sees worsening of results, says Bhat. We, thus, do not have much hopes on the earnings front, he adds.
RBI rate cut has helped market regain momentum; expect turbulence because of China situation: Dilip Bhat
"The economy recovery in India, without any doubt, is still continuing at a slow pace"
P Jayarama Bhat to continue as Karnataka Bank chief
Karnataka Bank Managing Director P Jayarama Bhat would continue for a third term in office with RBI approving the proposal by the bank's board
Bangladesh memories: Sachin, cricket and varan bhat
During a cricket match in Bangladesh, journalists tried talking to Sachin Tendulkar only to be turned down with polite finality.
How women bankers like Chitra Pandeya, Anu Aggarwal, Ashima Bhat, Smita Bhagat could well become top executives in the industry
Pratik Bhakta profiles a few top women bankers who could wellcomprise the third wave of women becoming top executives in the industry.
Scarecrow founders Raghu Bhat and Manish Bhatt find the company's name had talk-point value
Raghu Bhat and Manish Bhatt went ahead with Scarecrow since according to them it was the most disruptive, had talk-point value and was also safer.
Udhampur terror attack: NIA brings LeT operative Showkat Ahmed Bhat to Delhi for lie detector test
Showkat Ahmed Bhat, arrested by NIA in connection with last month's Udhampur terror strike on a BSF bus that left its two personnel dead.
India a shining star among EMs, will continue to attract reasonable funds: UR Bhat, Dalton Captial Advisors
Therefore, it is a worry that would probably keep the markets in a range for some time and if they are able to handle it, markets will have something else to worry about.
Involvement of US, China will create crisis for India and Pakistan: Abdul Gani Bhat, Hurriyat leader
"India has time and again chosen to suppress and silence this sentiment with force, material allurements and tried to lull this to sleep."
DIG Central Kashmir Range G H Bhat reviews security situation in Leh
A senior police officer today reviewed the overall security situation in the border district of Leh in Jammu and Kashmir.
BHEL management's commentary to decide fate of the CG stock: Dilip Bhat
The management commentary on the landscape over the next three to four quarters would matter the most, says Bhat in a chat with ET Now.
Temendous potential for watch manufacturing in India: Bhaskar Bhat
Titan Company Ltd has commenced production of world class stainless steel cases at a new facility in Coimbatore, set up at a cost of over Rs 75 crore.
Don't think it's start of bear market; buy blue-chips, defensive stocks: Dilip Bhat, Prabhudas Lilladher
Markets are very badly down, and I do not think that anybody is in a hurry to say anything even on the optimistic note at the moment.
ICAI President K Raghu becomes IFAC board member
"In this highly responsible and prestigious position, I look forward to proactively link Indian accounting vision and issues with the ultimate vision of IFAC," Raghu said.
Hyderabad developer Raghu Kanchustambham's app for farmers wins competition
It was selected by Telenor's India unit, which operates under the Uninor brand, in consultation with technology industry body Nasscom.
Separatist leaders Yasin Malik, Masarat Alam Bhat detained
Malik, who heads the JKLF and Bhat were stopped by police at Awantipora and taken into preventive custody, a police officer said.
Delhi Elections 2015: AAP ups glam quotient; Gul Panag, Vishal Dadlani, Raghu Ram and others seek votes
Mann, who is also one of AAP's four MPs, has been a huge hit among Delhiites and is one of the most sought after campaigners.


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Black Sun Hoodie - Unisex
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“They're feeling like Madison is not focusing on them, and not looking for middle-class jobs for them,” Larson said.
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CNN anchor Anderson Cooper played the groom in a surreal wedding scene send-off for Bill Hader's Stefon character on the season finale of "Saturday Night Live."


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Eat to Achieve Greater Vitality
Establish eating habits that reduce tiredness while boosting metabolism throughout the day.
Every busy man should make it a priority to monitor their food intake, yet the majority of men treat the body much like they treat an automobile, refueling at the last possible moment.
Sports Nutritionist Nancy Clark suggests eating the right food at the right time throughout the day.Â The important thing is to eat well and more frequently.Â Snacks, taken throughout the day are a good strategy for ensuring that you have energy reserves all the time.Â Here are a few suggestions of when to eat and what to eat.
Early Morning – Have a great start to the day
Breakfast – as the name implies is breaking the fast.Â Having spent many hours without eating, the body needs to boost the energy with a nutrition-packed meal with essential protein, carbohydrates and fats.
Before you leave home: Have a bowl of cereal, rich in fibre, with a splash of semi-skimmed milk.Â This gives enough nutrients as well as fibre essential for the digestive system.Â Research by Dr Elizabeth Kunkel has shown that over a fortnight period, people who ate fibre rich food felt more energetic because the fiber helps the stomach retain food for longer periods.
While travelling to work:Â Have a selection of healthy munchies.Â These cost little but are nutritious, full of potassium and magnesium. Potassium is necessary for converting sugar in the blood to energy while magnesium keeps production of lactic acid in check.
At work:Â Cheese is a good choice as a snack.Â Have it on its own or with fruit.Â Cheese is rich in protein, essential for muscle building.Â It is also rich in calcium and minerals necessary for energy.
Mid Morning – Avoid the mid-morning slow down
The body will need to refuel with energy giving foods.Â Drinking tea with a small amount of sugar will boost your sugar levels, while the caffeine is good for mental alertness.Â Substances in tea, particularly green tea are a good booster for metabolism.Â Avoid processed foods like creams and pastries, opt for fruit instead.Â Fruit is a good energy source as it breaks down slowly, giving the body and brain a paced release of sugar.
Lunch time : Have a wholesome meal
Eat food rich in slow-releasing energy that will take you through to the end of the day.Â Fish is rich in Omega-3, essential for the mind and brain, try some tuna fillet.Â Research indicates that Omega-3 increases red blood cells efficiency and boosts oxygen supply in the body.Â Try having a salad with cold meat or boiled egg, and topped with olive oil.Â A burrito with spicy beans is great for staying alert according to an Australian researcher.
Overcome work fatigue with a light yoghurt.Â A snack of crackers and peanut butter is rich in protein and fat for quick energy.

domain: food


12 hrs ago
Debby Ryan compares her style to Disney character Jessie
We have seen a whole host of beautiful and talented young stars making a name for themselves through Disney over the years, before then going on to prove that they really have what it takes to become a huge star in the entertainment industry In recent years, we have seen the likes of Miley Cyrus , Selena Gomez and Demi Lovato all coming through and ... (more)
Debby Ryan's Stuns In Black & White Jumpsuit At The TCAs - Shop
The 2014 Teen Choice Awards were full of fashionable young celebs, and Debby Ryan was no exception! The 'Jessie' star looked gorgeous in a white and black jumpsuit.
Disney News and Disney Star News
Disney Channel "Jessie" Season 4 Pre-Production Begins
Pre-production has begun on the fourth season of the hit Disney Channel Original Series " Jessie ."
Debby Ryan Travels To Outer Space On 'Jessie' - WATCH
Tonight's episode of the hit Disney Channel show 'Jessie' is going to be out of this world! On July 25, Jessie, Ravi and the rest of the gang will travel to outer space for an extraordinary adventure - WATCH the exclusive clip right here! When Ravi's parents give him a special birthday trip to outer space with Jessie and the rest of the Ross kids, ... (more)


Command Sgt. Maj. James Murrin assumed responsibility of the 7th Civil Support Command, 21st Theater Sustainment Command from Command Sgt. Maj. Michael Biere in a change of responsibility ceremony Monday.
Biere handed off the NCO sword to Brig. Gen. Paul Benenati, 7th CSC commanding general, symbolizing his relinquishment of responsibility. Benenati then passed it to Murrin, symbolizing the entrustment of responsibility. The passing of the NCO sword is in keeping with Army tradition to show the command sergeant major may change, but the sword remains razor sharp.
Murrin, who has held many senior enlisted leadership positions in his 35-year Army career, comes to the 7th CSC from his most recent assignment as the senior enlisted leader for the 3rd Medical Command (Deployment Support), Forest Park, Ga.
“I am honored and grateful for this opportunity to continue to serve our great Army and to serve and work with each and every one of you,” Murrin said. “I pledge to do my best to accomplish our mission, to take care of our Soldiers and their families and to ensure that good order and discipline is maintained. I plan on building on the solid foundation created by Command Sergeant Major Mike Biere.
“It is a great privilege to serve alongside all of you and I’m proud to be a member of this phenomenal team,” Murrin added.
Benenati recognized Biere for his achievements with the 7th CSC by presenting him with the Legion of Merit during the ceremony.
“(Biere) has left an indelible mark on the Army and the Army Reserve in Europe,” Benenati said. “Command Sergeant Major Biere led the NCOs of the Army Reserve from serving as an administrative headquarters through a transition to being a unique and highly specialized command that’s focused on meeting the foreign consequence management needs of the European nations.”
Biere departs as the 7th CSC completed its transformation from the original 7th Army Reserve Command to the 7th CSC, whose mission is focused on foreign consequence management in the event of a humanitarian crisis in Europe or Africa.
“When I arrived at the 7th Civil Support Command it was pretty new and just at the beginning of its transformation from the 7th Army Reserve Command,” Biere said. “The 7th CSC, with its foreign consequence management mission, is the only one in the Army Reserve and the only one in U.S. Army Europe. The headquarters and many of our units have had the privilege to participate in many exercises and training events in Europe and in Africa during the past three years.”
Biere said building partner capacity is the bread and butter mission of U.S. Army Reserve Soldiers in Europe.
“Our Soldiers do it every day and I couldn’t be more proud of them,” Biere said. “(Also), as a result of the (recent Saber Junction 13) exercise, (European Command) is looking to the 7th to serve as their deployable ‘Joint Task Force Headquarters’ to provide mission command.”
Biere’s next assignment will be in Washington, D.C., as the senior enlisted adviser for the Reserve Forces Policy Board in the Office of the Secretary of Defense.


Customize your drive with the Dodge ChallengerNov 29th, 2019
The Dodge Challenger is one of our showroom's most popular muscle cars. The vehicle is capable of immense power, exceedingly high speeds, large amounts of torque and a very aggressive feel. Its strong and customizable performances features are most responsible for this.
This car's console includes a launch control on which you can activate engines, change power modes and choose from acceleration options to get exactly the ride you want for your surroundings. Every choice you make from the launch control ensures that you get the aggressive feel you expect from a muscle car but that you can also always manage the car in any setting.
The car's manual transmission offers six speeds. These options help you match the speed with the power mode, so that you can customize every aspect of your ride and get exactly the feel you want for any terrain.


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Pop stars Justin Bieber, Leona Lewis, rapper Pitbull (accompanied by Ne-Yo), and last minute-added act 50 Cent, were the celebrity guest performers on the grand finale of the first season of 'The X Factor USA' on Thursday night (December 22nd) - The Canadian teen pop star sang a medley consisting of his 'Under the Mistletoe' cuts; "The Christmas Song" (with Stevie Wonder) and "Santa Claus Is Coming to Town" (with a few lines sang by contestant Drew. So sweet!), Leona wowed everyone with her impressive vocals singing her cover of the Snow Patrol song "Run", Pitbull and Ne-Yo got the party started with "Give Me Everything", and finally 50 Cent, came out of hiding, to perform his new single "Wait Until Tonight" (with Astro!), taken from his G-Unit-hosted mixtape 'The Big 10', as well as his smash 'In da Club'. Enjoy!
What do you think of these performances?


The Independent reports that the Government Â is planning on setting up a website to help credit card users compare their cards.
Ministers want to lift the lid on the complex, murky world of personal finance, while getting tough with the financial institutions at a time of growing public anger at ballooning profits. From next year the Treasury will force all credit-card firms to produce standard electronic statements. The files can then be uploaded by the card user to the Government’s Moneymadeclear website to compare credit-card rates and usage. The site will also recommend other cards that may offer a better deal.
Electronic statements will improve the situation, but making credit card features and charges simpler and more transparent would make comparisons even easier.
Whilst the Moneymadeclear website should give impartial advice, these electronic statements should also make it easier for other price comparison websites to generate their own recommendations. With the ability for visitors to transact as well as compare through the comparison sites, (unlikely through Moneymadeclear) they may ultimately be the key beneficiary of the Government’s move.
photo credit: TheTruthAbout…


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the black lab > snakes > green tree python > green tree python Hooded Sweatshirt
green tree python Hooded Sweatshirt
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The equilibrium binding and kinetics of assembly of the DNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RNAP) σN-holoenzyme has been investigated using biosynthetically labelled 7-azatryptophyl- (7AW)σN. The spectroscopic properties of such 7AW proteins allows their absorbance and fluorescence to be monitored selectively, even in the presence of high concentrations of other tryptophan-containing proteins. The 7AWσN retained its biological activity in stimulating transcription from σN-specific promoters, and in in vitro gel electrophoresis assays of binding to core RNAP from Escherichia coli. Furthermore, five Trp → Ala single mutants of σN were shown to support growth under conditions of nitrogen limitation, and showed comparable efficiency in activating the σN-dependent nifH promoter in vivo, indicating that none of the tryptophan residues were essential for activity. The equilibrium binding of 7AWσN to core RNAP was examined by analytical ultracentrifugation. In sedimentation equilibrium experiments, absorbance data at 315nm (which reports selectively on the distribution of free and bound 7AWσN) established that a 1:1 complex was formed, with a dissociation constant lower than 2µM. The kinetics of the interaction between 7AWσN and core RNAP was investigated using stopped-flow spectrofluorimetry. A biphasic decrease in fluorescence intensity was observed when samples were excited at 280nm, whereas only the slower of the two phases was observed at 315nm. The kinetic data were analysed in terms of a mechanism in which a fast bimolecular association of σN with core RNAP is followed by a relatively slow isomerization step. The consequences of these findings on the competition between σN and the major sigma factor, σ70, in Escherichia coli are discussed.
Interaction of sigma factor σN with Escherichia coli RNA polymerase core enzyme
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David J. SCOTT, Anna L. FERGUSON, María-Trinidad GALLEGOS, Melinda PITT, Martin BUCK, James G. HOGGETT; Interaction of sigma factor σN with Escherichia coli RNA polymerase core enzyme. Biochem J 1 December 2000; 352 (2): 539–547. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bj3520539
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domain: chemistry


What Exactly Do Soil Bacteria Do?
Bacteria grow in many different microenvironments and enjoy specific niches in the soil. Bacteria populations expand rapidly and the bacteria are more competitive when easy to digest simple sugars are readily available around in the rhizosphere (“living” area of soil). Roots, dead plant debris, and simple sugars are abundant in this region. About 10 to 30 percent of the soil microorganisms in the rhizosphere are actinomycetes, depending on environmental conditions (Sylvia et al., 2005).
Many bacteria produce a layer of sugars or proteins that coats the surface of soil particles. These substances play an important role in cementing sand, silt and clay soil particles into stable microaggregates that improve soil structure. Bacteria live around the edges of soil mineral particles, especially clay and organic residues.
Bacteria are important in producing sugars that cement sand, silt and clay particles together to form microaggregates and improve soil structure (Hoorman, 2011). Bacteria do not move very far in the soil, so most movement is associated with water, growing roots or catching a ride with other soil members like earthworms, ants, spiders, etc. (Lavelle & Spain, 2005).
In general, most soil bacteria do better in neutral pH soils that are well oxygenated. Bacteria provide large quantities of nitrogen to plants and nitrogen is often lacking in the soil. Many bacteria secrete enzymes in the soil to make phosphorus more soluble and plant available.
The Original Survivors
Bacteria dominate over fungi in tilled or disrupted soils because the fungi prefer more acidic environments without soil disturbance. Bacteria also dominate in flooded fields because most fungi do not survive when oxygen is scarce.
Bacteria can survive in dry or flooded conditions due to their small size, high numbers, and their ability to live in small spaces within the soil where environmental conditions may be favorable. Once the environmental conditions around these microsites become more favorable, the survivors quickly expand their populations (Dick, W., 2009). Protozoa tend to be the biggest predators of bacteria in tilled soils (Islam, 2008).
Without bacteria, new plant populations and communities struggle to survive or even exist. Bacteria change the soil environment so that certain plant species can exist and proliferate. When new soil is forming, certain photosynthetic bacteria start to colonize the soil, recycling nitrogen, carbon, phosphorus, and other soil nutrients to produce the first organic matter.
Bacteria = Soil Health
A soil that is dominated by bacteria usually is tilled or disrupted and has higher soil pH and nitrogen available as nitrate, which is the perfect environment for low successional plants we refer to as weeds (Ingham, 2009).
As the soil is disturbed less and plant diversity increases, the soil food web becomes more balanced and diverse, making soil nutrients more available in an environment better suited to higher plants. Diverse microbial populations with fungus, protozoa and nematodes keep nutrients recycling and keep disease-causing organisms in check.
Microbia labs can assess your soil and compost samples to identify valuable and potentially harmful strains of bacteria. Knowing means growing!


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Welcome to the UCL European Institute, UCL's hub for research, collaboration and information on Europe and the European Union.
In a letter to the Financial Times, UCL's Professor of EU Law Piet Eeckhout outlines his bemusement at the current discourse on immigration in the UK.
Prof Piet Eeckhout
3 December 2014
Starts: Dec 9, 2014 12:00:00 AM
In the eurozone, the EU needs greater legitimacy at the national level not only to secure space for domestic politics but also to secure respect for social and economic commitments over time.
Prof. Albert Weale
24 November 2014 More...
Starts: Nov 24, 2014 12:00:00 AM
It's groundhog day in Britain, where the European Union is concerned. The context changes, but the basic issues do not.
Sir Stephen Wall
18 November 2014 More...
Starts: Nov 18, 2014 12:00:00 AM
Slavoj Žižek and Srećko Horvat: What Does Europe Want?
Publication date: Nov 13, 2013 04:48 PM
Start: Nov 26, 2013 07:00 PM
26 November 2013, 7-9pm
The event is now sold out
Follow the LIVE STREAM
UCL Cruciform Building
This public debate with two irreverent philosophers follows the recent publication of their jointly authored book:
“Instead of a peace-project, the European Union is increasingly turning into a warzone: whether it be the expulsion of immigrants or riots in Paris and London, or European interventions to bring “more democracy” to Libya or Syria. But instead of leaving Europe to the enemies, Žižek and Horvat reflect on the fight for a different Idea of Europe.” (Istros Books, 2013)
Slavoj Žižek is a Slovenian philosopher and cultural critic. His books include The Sublime Object of Ideology (Verso, 1989), Looking Awry: An Introduction to Jacques Lacan through Popular Culture (MIT Press, 1991), The Metastases of Enjoyment: Six. Essays on Woman and Causality (Verso, 1994), The Fragile Absolute, or Why the Christian Legacy is Worth Fighting For (Verso, 2000), The Puppet and the Dwarf: The Perverse Core of Christianity (MIT Press, 2002) On Practice and Contradiction (Revolution!) with Mao Zedong (Verso, 2007), Philosophy in the Present with Alain Badiou (Polity Press, 2010), The Year of Dreaming Dangerously (Verso, 2012), Less Than Nothing (Verso, 2013).
Srećko Horvat is a philosopher from Croatia. He is the author of After the End of History. From the Arab Spring to the Occupy Movement (Laika Verlag, Germany, 2013), a regular contributor to The Guardian and was one of the leaders of the Subversive Festival.
Chair: Dr Bojan Aleksov (SSEES)
The discussion follows the publication of the jointly authored book under the same title with Istros Books.


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Revitalize Physiotherapist, sports scientist and personal trainer, Jas Sandhu has been seeing a few patients with some nasty pains in their necks!
Nerve irritation can be excruciating. It can feel impossible to shift and can go on for weeks or even months. Because nerves are responsible for all of our sensations, when they’re injured, they can cause a vast variety of symptoms. Anything from pain, burning, cold and numbing sensations are normal.
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As the leading provider of design and manufacturing services for medtech and pharma companies, we work with you to ignite innovation, elevate manufacturing efficiencies and fuel the success that advances healthcare. Visit us in booth #516 to learn more about how we design, build and deliver the next generation of medical products.
Join us as we moderate the opening plenary
Don’t miss John Carlson, president of Health Solutions at Flex, moderate Forecasting the Influence and Impact of the Next Wave of Technologies on Monday, September 23rd from 3:30-5:00 p.m. Panel members are:
Jeff Karp, PhD, professor of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital Craig Venter, PhD, president, chairman at J. Craig Venter Institute, and leader of the first sequencing of the human genome. Susan Hockfield, PhD, president emerita, professor of Neuroscience, member of the Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT Dr. Michael Gibson, MD, WikiDoc Foundation founder and CEO Baim Clinical Research Institute
Connectivity in medical devices: one size does not fit all!
Connectivity technology is evolving at a record pace right alongside medical devices. Matching the optimal connectivity technology to the connectivity needs, useful life, and desired cost profile of the device can help medical device companies ensure a successful product.


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Entertainer scott joplin download movies The Sting Theme ( Joplin - The Entertainer). Werbefrei streamen oder als CD und MP3 kaufen bei Amazon. More info, cover art, and a. Offiziell lizenzierte Musiknoten für " The Entertainer" ( Scott Joplin) - PDF downloaden,. " Comedic" by RadioFilmSchool. Sheet Music CC is a site for those who wants to access popular sheet music easily, letting them download the sheet music for free for trial purposes.
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The GALA blockchain gaming token has been on a rip recently. However, its tokenomics model raises a few questions.
GALA gaming tokens have more than doubled in price over the past week. Furthermore, GALA has gained 18.6% on the day and was briefly up 232% from its Dec. 30 low of $0.0154
Gala is a decentralized blockchain gaming ecosystem with a claimed 16,000 player-run nodes across the globe. At launch, there was no premine, presales, or early access to the tokens, and seemingly no venture firms were involved.
However, it unlocks a lot of tokens every day, which could put more selling pressure on the asset and GALA prices.

domain: news


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Upland (Calif.) athlete Jeff Farrar stops by the Official Visit to announce where he will play his college football. Farrar is the No. 21 athlete in the ESPN 300 and No. 188 overall.August 07, 2013
Jared Shanker talks with 2014 Watch List safety and Virginia commit Quin Blanding of Bayside (Virginia Beach, Va.). Blanding explains his decision to stay in-state and how he plans to lure other Virginia prospects to Charlottesville.March 21, 2013
College GameDay tells the amazing story of Mike London, who pulls from real life experiences as a former Richmond police officer to help coach the University of Virginia.November 19, 2011


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Plans to build Acura’s mini NSX are reportedly active once again, according to Motor Trend. The project had been put on hold due to financial troubles. This good news takes some of the attention away from the 2015 Acura NSX, which has been attracting a lot of buzz. The mini NSX, which is known internally as the Small NSX, is exactly like its bigger counterpart except that it’s a lot smaller.
It will be powered by a version of Acura’s super-handling all-wheel-drive system. It may be powered by a turbocharged direct-injection engine, which may include versions of Honda’s 3.5-liter V-6, 2.4-liter I-4, or 2.0-liter I-4. However, the 2.4-liter engine is the most likely candidate.
Similar to the NSX, the mini NSX may get some type of hybrid drivetrain. The upcoming NSX will get an electric motor to drive the rear wheels, while the front wheels are driven by two more electric motors. The new Acura NSX, which is produced in the U.S., will be equipped with a twin-clutch seven-speed transmission. Last April, it was reported that the car will keep the driver involved instead of “being taken for a ride by a highly robotized car.”
The Small NSX may follow a year or two after the launch of the NSX in 2015 but even if the car is small in size, it’s likely to be expensive if it does go into production. It’s estimated that the Small NSX would probably be priced between $50,000 and $60,000. With this model, Acura may be able to recoup NSX development costs. It’s possible that it will go up against the Porsche Cayman.
The improvement of the new NSX is highlighted by crafted performance and accuracy. The final product is clean-sheet design. The enhancement of the new batch of NSX cars took around three years of hard work by an international engineering and design team. The group was facilitated by engineers at the NSX's development center in Raymond, Ohio.
Erik Berkman, Acura Business Planning Office Executive Vice President, said the latest NSX reflects Acura’s American heritage. It also provides a powerful remark about the primary role their US operations played in creating and visualizing the future of Acura. The international team of the brand took on the challenge of improving a new sports vehicle experience of pushing the latest technology to provide exemplary performance in a car that is truly responsive to the driver's demands. With invigorating driving dynamics and zero-delay acceleration, the NSX provides prime supercar performance.
Interwoven Active Body Design
Michelle Christensen, NSX exterior design project head, said the new NSX is the outcome of an 'Interwoven Dynamic' design. It represents the perfect combination of an exotic sports car style and supercar functionality.
Its exterior shows classic wide and low dimensions matched with an aggressive style at the front, modern and appealing body, and classic taillamps reminiscent of the pioneer model. Its distinct side intake and floating C-pillar gets air for the centrally-installed engine and guides the air flow to the rear deck.
Being in control of the airflow increases downforce. To give the latest lengthwise mounted twin-turbo (V6 and 9-speed DCT), they increased the length and width of the production car compared to the dimensions of the NSX launched in 2012.


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Laurel Park sees $335,102 increase assets, revenue
Published: Wednesday, November 19, 2008 at 4:30 a.m.
Last Modified: Tuesday, November 18, 2008 at 9:37 p.m.
LAUREL PARK — The town of Laurel Park increased its assets and revenues last fiscal year, but officials are still being cautious as the economy continues its downward spiral.
The town’s total assets increased by $335,102 for last fiscal year, which ended in June, according to a fiscal year 2007-08 audit presented to the town council.
In addition, the town’s ending general fund balance was $1,174,469, which represents an increase of $87,240 over the previous fiscal year.
The Town Council had projected $1,956,712 in revenues for fiscal year 2008.
The town spent $1,807,621 and transferred $61,851 to other agencies, resulting in the end-of-year positive net of $87,240 for the fund balance. Of that, 92 percent is available for the town to spend.
The audit disclosed no instances of non-compliance. The auditor reported there were no significant difficulties in dealing with management in performing and completing the audit.
The audit indicated the increased total of net assets was primarily due to an increase in the town’s $237,238 water and sewer fund, according to an audit report by Burleson & Earley, P.A.
In July, the town raised its water and sewer rates by 90 cents a month, which accounts for some of the increase.
The town raised its rates because Hendersonville passed along an increase of 5 percent a year over three years to finance a $16 million upgrade of the city water treatment plant.
The increase in assets is also a result of a 99.45 percent property tax collection rate.
The 2007 statewide collection average was 97.8 percent.
As of June 30, 2008, the town has no long-term debt except for the employees’ accrued vacation amounting to $34,750, the audit states.
Jim Ball, town manager, said statewide sales tax distribution going to Laurel Park is lower than anticipated. This has affected the 2009 budget, which was based on an expected $1.9 million in revenue from the sales tax.
“We currently froze about 3.6 percent of our expenditures,” Ball said. That $63,000 was set aside for a police car, a back hoe and computer upgrades.
“If revenue does not improve, we won’t execute (those expenditures) in this year’s budget,” Ball said.
According to Burleson & Earles’ audit report, other key economic factors used to create the 2009 budget were:
• Sales tax revenues are projected to decrease by $27,000, or 5.45 percent, as a result of Henderson County changing the sales tax distribution from per capita to the ad velorum method.
• The tax collection rate continues to exceed state averages.
• Laurel Park’s tax base is projected to increase by 2 percent because of the new construction of homes and businesses.
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domain: finance


Up for auction is this 2017 Porsche Panamera 4S finished in Jet Black Metallic over a black interior. Commanding an original sticker price of over $118k, this 2017 example represents the launch model year for second-generation Panamera and is equipped with Adaptive Air Suspension including Porsche Active Suspension Management (PASM), Power Steering Plus, the BOSE® Surround Sound System, 20” wheels, and the Anthracite Birch Interior Package. The twin-turbocharged V6 engine sends power to all four wheels through an 8-speed dual-clutch PDK transmission. Showing just over 28k miles on the odometer and with the 3-year/30k mile service performed recently in 2021, this Panamera 4S is now being offered for auction on behalf of the original owner by its seller out of Massachusetts.
Featuring sleeker styling and a full-width rear LED light bar, the second-generation Panamera bears a stronger resemblance to Porsche’s flagship 911 than its predecessor. This example is finished in the extra-cost shade of Jet Black Metallic, detailed images are provided in the photo gallery along with a clean one-owner CARFAX report. The optional 20" Panamera Design wheels feature colored Porsche center crests and come dressed in Michelin Pilot Sport A/S 3 tires.
Inside, you will find a luxurious black interior with the optional Anthracite Birch Interior Package. The seller reports all features and accessories to be fully functional. A complete list of factory options is provided below:
Power comes from a twin-turbocharged 2.9L V6 engine capable of producing up to 440 HP and 405 lb.-ft of torque. All four wheels are driven through an 8-speed dual-clutch PDK transmission allowing for a 0-60 time of approximately 4 seconds. In addition to a 110 HP increase over the standard Panamera 4, this 4S boasts the factory optional Adaptive Air Suspension system including Porsche Active Suspension Management (PASM) as well as Power Steering Plus which adds a dynamic steering response. A 3 year/30k mile recommended service was performed in May of 2021 and there are no outstanding maintenance items reported at this time.
This sale will include a clean title. If you are in search of a high-performance modern luxury car, look no further than this well-equipped one-owner Panamera 4S.


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In 2018, the electric car maker, Tesla, was struggling to get the Model 3 electric vehicle off the production line. Its CEO, tech entrepreneur Elon Musk, was working up to 22 hours a day on the factory floor, trying to solve a host of problems on the car he’d bet the company on. It was close to running out of money. Two years later, the company’s doing better. It says it will grow 30-40% this year. No surprise then that Tesla’s share price has gone up. But the amount may surprise you – up eight fold in the last year, to $400 a share. Making it the most valuable car company in the world. It’s now worth more than Toyota, Volkswagen and Honda put together. But yet it still manufactures only a fraction of the cars they make.
So are shares in Elon Musk’s Tesla vastly overvalued? Sumant Bhatia talks to our CIO Christopher Rossbach, who thinks the shares are in a bubble.


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The “Blanche” Chalet is a calm, quiet expression of raw architectural simplicity. Few formal embellishments were necessary to create this marvel of subdued intersecting geometries, resulting in a pure and simple collection of inhabitable nodes. ADCF Architecture managed to cram an incredible amount of design into something that, at face value, appears so nonchalant. But a deeper dive into the nuance and thought given to this modern chalet reveals something altogether remarkable.
Formally, the home consists of a rather unimpressed two-story cube, punctuated spectacularly by a horizontal box that cantilevers out of either end on the upper floor. It appears as if the extruded volume of space was shot out of a massive cannon and lodged itself squarely in the unassuming contemporary home. It’s the defining characteristic of both the interior and exterior experience, and gives just the jolt of design eccentricity the otherwise understated experience needs (and deserves).
The rest of the facades are wrapped in exposed white concrete and black-framed glazing panels. There are moments of interaction between sight and scenery that range from subtle to…well…not so subtle. The ground floor features momentary glimpses of exposition to the surrounding mixture of forest and ocean. The juxtaposition of scenery are reflected by the stark change that happens internally, as you walk upstairs and are bombarded with a fire-storm of views, textures, and an unbridled sense of place.
The cantilevered volume extends out into the open air, wrapped in floor-to-ceiling glass panels and an exposed steel box truss. It’s as if someone ripped you from the comforts of a traditional “home” experience and threw you into a tumble dryer big enough for a human, then spit you out on the edge of some far-away cliff. This perch is the intersection of man and nature, made even more impressive when set adjacent to the carefully considered and subdued interior spaces that precede it.
With the “Blanche” Chalet, the architects set out to create an experience that embodied the atmosphere of the surrounding area. Where they succeeded is less about copying what they saw in this site, but rather how they managed to compliment the land without patronizing it. What they created is something that initially appears utterly alien, but emerges from behind the curtain to be something that could have been just as easily sprouted from the ground it sits on.
Architects: ACDF Architecture
Photography: Adrien Williams


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This case study discusses the multiple roles of trustification within contact tracing apps during the COVID-19 pandemic. The internal problems of the UK’s design and deployment of a contact tracing app is discussed in relation to trust in governments, companies, research communities and the role of the media. This is brought into perspective by thinking about the global neo-colonial impact of the UK and the apps in general, with examples from specific countries from across the Global South. These examples draw on the commonalities and contextual differences that shape the experiences of different marginalized populations. The drive towards quantification and solutionism is critiqued under the assumptions on which it is based, assumptions that conceal and perpetuate inequalities.
This case study confronts the various ‘tech for good’ initiatives that embed solutionist values in humanitarian activities. Drawing on examples of ‘data for good’ in Turkey, ‘AI for good’ at the UN, and various other manifestations of these schemes, the ill-defined nature of ‘good’ and its relation to discursive power are discussed. The metricization of humanitarianism is shown to be dehumanizing in the obscuring of context and lived experience. The application of generic technologies to humanitarian issues is not only extractive in itself, but it also operates as a tool to extract trust in the same technologies and companies for wider applications of technologies against different populations.
This case study focuses on facial recognition technologies. The face is a key part of interpersonal interactions and trust, but when it gets quantified as data and assessed by algorithms it entrenches bias and discrimination. The use of facial recognition and emotion recognition technologies to assign social values such as trustworthiness (whether in job interviews or policing) is particularly problematic. The discussion brings in issues of race and gender as part of defining a default quantifiable human as a technologically embedded norm, and outlines technical, psychological and ethical critiques of facial recognition as a legitimizing technology for power and inequality.
This concluding chapter provides an overview of the different relations between trust and technology, particularly the technologization of trust defined as trustification. This is brought back to the twin mechanisms of quantification and discourse that support power over and through technology. The constant displacement of trust across different parts of complex sociotechnical assemblages is discussed in terms of the way false trade-offs are constructed in technology discourse. Drawing together the intertwining threads of the book, a call to action is put forward based on the politicization of technology and the value of collective mistrust in addressing power inequalities.
This chapter looks at the way trustification works within corporate logics of power in technology discourses, beginning with an overview of how corporate priorities such as risk have come to dominate and legitimize specific ways of counting people and society for profit. The links between capital and colonial histories of accounting and managing people are discussed in relation to risk and power. The influence of economic narratives is traced through to contemporary issues such as the platformization of work, the power of data brokers, and algorithmic scoring of people for credit and other opportunities. The dominance of innovation as a legitimizing discourse is linked to the measurement of risk and adoption as proxies for trust, perpetuating economic inequalities in ways that entrench power and avoid scrutiny.
This introductory chapter outlines some of the core issues in the relations between trust, technology and power. After discussing different political forms of trust that inform the debates within the book, the focus shifts from what trust is to what it does, how it is used by power. A performative understanding of trust is set out that frames the discussion in terms of norms and roles associated with trust and technology, and the ways these can extract legitimacy and exacerbate inequalities. The structure of the book is also outlined. The chapter provides a focus on key areas of discussion such as data, AI and regulation, and sets out the main arguments of the text: that the extractive quantification of trust denies the political potential for mistrust.
In this chapter, the focus is on the role of the media, particularly online platforms, in shaping the discourses that support the quantification of trust and the extraction of legitimacy. The sliding of terms and understanding that blurs what any given technology is and what it can do are discussed, as well as the harms it can generate or the inequalities it can perpetuate. Hype is shown to be a performance of functionality, complexity and legitimacy based on these misrepresentations in the media and in the way platforms present themselves to publics. Power over media is power over discourse is power over trust and legitimacy; this chain of proxies is critiqued with perspectives from disability and trans activism that challenge dominant narratives about what technology is and who it is for.
We are often expected to trust technologies, and how they are used, even if we have good reason not to. There is no room to mistrust.
Exploring relations between trust and mistrust in the context of data, AI and technology at large, this book defines a process of ‘trustification’ used by governments, corporations, researchers and the media to legitimise exploitation and increase inequalities.
Aimed at social scientists, computer scientists and public policy, the book aptly reveals how trust is operationalised and converted into a metric in order to extract legitimacy from populations and support the furthering of technology to manage society.
This chapter focuses on the role of trust and metricization in academia and global tech research communities. It starts with a discussion of the colonial roots of academic power, and the role of epistemic injustice in defining certain privileged voices as more important than others. Credibility is assessed across academic metrics and discourse, to think about the power structures that shape research agendas and funding, and entrench historical biases around knowledge production. Examples discussed include the UK’s REF research assessment system, the uberfication of the university, the role of the lab, and the relations between academia and other forms of power. Discourses of quantification, extraction, objectivity and expertise are confronted in the way they perform barriers to who can shape, do or talk about creating knowledge.
This chapter applies a framework of trustification to state logics of power in technology discourses. The discussion begins with historical precursors in the legitimization of state authority. This authority is then linked to an increasing trend towards measurement as a root of legitimacy, the metricization of proxies for trust in response to a decline in political trust throughout societies. The role of the state is discussed in relation to its own citizens, other states, technical infrastructures, and marginalized or colonized groups. Throughout, the discussion draws on examples from administrative categories, surveillance practices, regulatory strategy and smart cities, among others. The chapter concludes by considering the corporate lobbying influences that shape the drive towards measurement in state logics, the blending of private and state interests in the regulation of technologies.

domain: literature