Hydraulic System Troubleshooting: Cavitation in Hydraulic Valves
Cavitation was first discovered in 1917 when Lord Rayleigh (a British physicist) decided to investigate why fast-rotating ship propellers were eroding at such an incredibly rapid pace. He discovered that it was all down to a condition that came to be known as cavitation.
Cavitation is related to the word, cavity and has the Latin verb ‘cavitere’ at its root. It means to ‘hollow out’ and that’s exactly what cavitation does. Cavitation occurs when very hot small air and gas bubbles develop. As they reach high pressure areas they collapse and cause hot jets to hit the surface of any pipe or components that is reachable causing erosion.
How Cavitation Occurs
When liquid passes through an hydraulic valve, it is under pressure due to the size of the valve. The speed of the flow will rise and then the speed drops again. This change in pressure will create a vapour and then small bubbles of gas will form. When the pressure gets higher than that of the vapour, the bubbles will collapse as the vapour liquefies again. The bubble collapse can send out the heated fluid jets which are very powerful and it’s this that causes so much damage to metal.
Cavitation Damage is Severe
Cavitation is no joke. It can be so severe that it can completely destroy hydraulic valves, pumps and piping to such a degree that the entire system can fail. In between, you may need to contend with leaking valves or even holes in pressure vessel walls.
Even cavitation that is at a low level can wreak havoc by eroding components until they need to be replaced. This is how engineers can recognise that their system is suffering from the effects of cavitation:
· Banging or knocking noise
· Chocked flow
· Fluid property changes
· Valve component erosion
· Control valve destruction
· Failure of plant leading to shutdown
Cavitation damage can often be identified visually with the use of either a microscope or a magnifying glass. If you are wary that cavitation is causing damage to your hydraulic system, check whether or not it is general wear and tear through corrosion. Some types of corrosion will actually mimic what you’d experience through cavitation. You can expect to find cavitation damage, if it’s in existence, downstream of the seating areas for the control valve. You could very occasionally witness cavitation bubbles further downstream from there.
Another easier way to identify whether your system is suffering from cavitation damage is to listen out for the noise of either crackling or popping. As pressure drop occurs, the cavitation will ramp up and you’ll hear rattling or hissing that increases in volume. If the cavitation is in full operation, it will sound more like you have a lot of small rocks or gravel passing through your system.
Cavitation is so powerful that there is currently no known material that can stay undamaged by it. The only way to deal with it is to eliminate it.
One of the simplest ways to eliminate cavitation is to reduce the operating temperature within the hydraulic system. The vapour pressure will be eliminated. If you have identified a valve that is experiencing cavitation, when you replace it, try to install it at the lowest possible elevation within your pipe system.
Another possible solution to cavitation issues is to introduce air or nitrogen into the area of the system where you are expecting to get it. It will need to be added through either the valve shaft or through a tap downstream on aside of the pipe as close as possible to the valve.
If for some reason you are unable to change the process conditions, then it’s recommended that you use valves with low recovery and treacherous flow path as opposed to high recovery valves such as the gate, ball or butterfly types.


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The definition of chocolate in the Oxford dictionary is, “a food in the form of a paste or solid block made from roasted and ground cacao seeds, typically sweetened and eaten as confectionary,” (Oxford 2019). This definition is very broad and it includes many different varieties and flavors of chocolate. The taste of a chocolate bar may be attributed to many factors, including the type of cacao used, the processing of the cacao, and the ingredients in the chocolate bar. We will explore the production process of Cadbury and Taza chocolate. While both Taza and Cadbury products fall under the definition of chocolate, they are made from very different cacao under distinct production processes. We can examine these elements to explain their differences in taste. Additionally, by analyzing the growing and purchasing practices of these two companies, we can look at their impact on the farmers and farming communities.
The Cadbury company, founded in 1824, receives the majority of its cacao from Ghana in West Africa (“Our Story” 2019). The cacao beans come from many small cacao farms in Ghana (“Cocoa Growing Countries” 2019). Each farm ferments and dries the beans and then they bring the cacao beans to large drying stations where workers combine the beans from many farms, weigh them and pack them into sacks. Merchants then send the cacao sacks to the Ghana Cocoa Board. From here, the Ghana Cocoa Board takes the sacks to a port where the Cadbury company selects and purchases their beans and then ships the beans to processing factories (one in Singapore and another in Chirk, North Wales (“Chocolate Making” 2019; “Fact Sheet: Chocolate Manufacturing,” n.d.). At these factories, workers separate the cacao into cocoa powder and cocoa butter using a hydraulic press. Other workers then send the cocoa powder and the cocoa butter to Cadbury factories in Australia and New Zealand for chocolate production (“Chocolate Making” 2019). Here, workers add condensed cream and sugar to the cocoa to create a “cocoa crumb” that they mix with chocolate liquor and cocoa butter and a “special chocolate flavoring,” the composition of which the company does not disclose. The mixture then undergoes refining, conching, and tempering (“Chocolate Making” 2019).
Taza, a much newer, smaller chocolate company founded in 2005, has a production process that differs drastically from that of Cadbury (“About Taza” 2015). Trading directly with the farmers, Taza purchases high quality cacao beans from the Dominican Republic, Bolivia, and Haiti (“Taza Direct Trade” 2015). Taza then ships the beans back to its factory in Somerville, Massachusetts and roasts and winnows the beans. They then use molinos, or traditional Mexican stone mills, to grind the cacao beans in order to preserve the flavor. This is where Taza’s “stone ground” chocolate comes from. The chocolate mass then undergoes tempering, molding, and cooling (“Our Process” 2015).
To emphasize, one of the major differences between Cadbury’s and Taza’s purchasing practices is that Cadbury purchases cacao in bulk from the Ghana Cocoa Board whereas Taza purchases cacao directly from the farmers. Cadbury previously received Fairtrade certification for following regulations for free and fair labor practices in the trade of ethical goods. However, Cadbury now follows free trade practices (“Cocoa Life” 2019; Leissle 2018). Free trade is a business model whereby companies purchase the cacao at market price, which is the lowest price for purchasing cacao. The cacao is likely not high quality. The Ghana Cocoa Board has instituted measures for quality control, including giving farmers training in agriculture and spraying to control for pests and diseases. The Cocoa Board also performs quality tests and bean classifications (Leissle 2018). Yet, the cacao comes from numerous farms and it is combined in bulk. Therefore, the purchaser does not know exactly what farms in Ghana or the types of cacao pods that the cacao beans come from. Additionally, since the farmers and farm workers do not know exactly what chocolate company will be purchasing their cacao, they do not have a direct relationship with the company and therefore, they may not have incentives to produce a high quality of cacao bean, rather they are more concerned with producing a large quantity of cacao beans. The majority of cacao farmers are involved in free trade because most of the big chocolate companies use the free trade business model to achieve the lowest possible price for the cacao. In purchasing cacao at market price, these companies can afford to sell their final chocolate products at a cheap price for chocolate consumers (Leissle 2018). Thus, consumers from all classes can afford to purchase Cadbury’s chocolate products, which will continue to increase Cadbury’s revenue (Albritton 2013). As a result of this free trade system, the farmers receive lower wages. In Ghana, the Ghana Cocoa Board pays the farmers and takes out taxes, which can be a large percentage. Additionally, the farmers’ payment may have further deductions depending upon farm labor and environmental certifications (Leissle 2018).
At the end of the nineteenth century and the beginning of the twentieth century, Cadbury had issues with slavery in cacao farming on the islands of Sao Tome and Principe, its main suppliers of cacao at the time. Through various investigations and after several years, the Cadbury company decided to boycott the cacao grown in Sao Tome and Principe in an attempt to rectify the situation. After the start of the boycott, Cadbury began purchasing cacao from other countries in West Africa (Higgs 2012; Satre 2005). In a large company where there are many exchanges and intermediaries involved from the cacao bean to the final chocolate product, it can be difficult to monitor labor practices in third-world cacao growing regions, especially under the free trade business model. As previously mentioned, Cadbury’s cacao comes from the Ghana Cocoa Board. Thus, the Cadbury company is not aware of exactly what cacao farms the cacao comes from and Cadbury cannot easily monitor the labor practices on these farms. Nevertheless, Cadbury has launched a new initiative to partake in the Cocoa Life program (“Cocoa Life” 2019). This program is centered on educating cacao farmers and farming communities with the goals of lifting them out of poverty and giving them life skills in order to allow farmers to benefit from and participate more in the cocoa supply chain (“Cocoa Life – About the Program” 2019). Currently, in the cacao farming world, large companies in first world countries control the supply chain while farmers in third world countries live in poverty (Leissle 2018). Many feel that it is imperative for farmers to be educated and play a larger role in the cacao supply chain such that they can earn better and fair wages to support their farms and, in turn, pay their workers fair wages (Fine Cacao and Chocolate Institute 2019).
Taza, on the other hand, practices direct trade. The company created the Taza Direct Trade Program for the chocolate industry to promote transparency and quality (“Taza Direct Trade” 2015). In fact, Leissle refers to Taza as the “direct trade pioneer for chocolate,” (Leissle 2018). Direct trade involves a firsthand relationship between the purchaser (Taza) and the farmers (Leissle 2018). As such, Taza pays the farmers 15 percent to 20 percent above the market price for this high quality cacao. This ends up to be at least $500 above market price per metric ton of cacao (“2018 Transparency Report” 2018). Therefore, the final chocolate product is more expensive for consumers. This is due to the fact that the company (Taza) pays the farmers a higher price for the cacao to ensure that the cacao is high quality (Leissle 2018).
Taza’s direct relationship with cacao farmers, whom Taza refers to as its “grower partners,” plays a large role in the company’s ability to monitor the labor practices of the cacao farms (“Taza Direct Trade” 2015). In contrast to Cadbury, Taza has no intermediaries or middlemen in the cacao purchasing process. Therefore, with the direct contact, purchasers from Taza can monitor the growing conditions and labor practices on the farm to ensure that they are non-abusive and environmentally sound (“Taza Direct Trade” 2015). Furthermore, Taza publishes an annual transparency report that contains the price they paid for cacao among other statistics about the farmers and the farms.
While both the direct trade and the free trade models have little third party regulation, the direct trade model can provide more transparency since it is less complicated with fewer middlemen involved in the cacao purchasing process. Additionally, since Taza pays higher prices for the cacao, the farmers earn higher wages. This leads to the prevention and mitigation, and even eradication of, unfair or forced labor on these farms. On the other hand, through the free trade model of paying market price for the cacao, the farmers earn much lower wages. This can be conducive to exploitative or forced labor environments since the farm owners may not be able to afford to pay their workers fair wages.
In addition to the effect of cacao purchasing practices on labor conditions, cacao purchasing practices affect the taste of the final chocolate product. This is due to the fact that Cadbury purchases lower quality cacao at market price in bulk from the Ghana Cocoa Board whereas Taza purchases higher quality cacao at a higher price via direct trade practices (“Taza Direct Trade” 2015; “Cocoa Growing Countries” 2019). This difference in cacao quality leads to different chocolate production practices. Since the cacao is low quality, Cadbury, like other large chocolate companies, hides the flavor of the cacao in the final chocolate product via various processing steps such as adding their “special chocolate flavoring,” which includes sugar and condensed milk (“Chocolate Making” 2019; “Fact Sheet: Chocolate Manufacturing,” n.d.). On the contrary, Taza’s production process preserves the flavor of the high quality cacao such that it is detectable in the chocolate.
In order to gain some more knowledge about the differences in taste between Cadbury and Taza chocolate, I had some friends do a tasting of the two. They each tasted a square of the Cadbury Royal Dark Chocolate bar and the Taza Chocolate Mexicano 70% Dark Cacao Puro stone ground disk. The only ingredients in the Taza chocolate are organic cacao beans and organic cane sugar. In the Cadbury bar, the ingredients are sugar, cocoa butter, chocolate, milk fat, natural and artificial flavor, soy lecithin, and milk. Looking at the ingredients of the two chocolates, some of the major differences are that there are no additives aside from organic sugar in the Taza disk whereas there are several ingredients besides cocoa in the Cadbury bar. Some major contrasts between the descriptors for the two types of chocolate were that the Cadbury chocolate was smooth, silky, and sweet, whereas the Taza chocolate was gritty, bitter, and not as sweet. These differences demonstrate the fact that Taza’s processing methods bring out the taste of the cacao for the consumer whereas Cadbury’s processing methods create a uniform flavor where the other ingredients mask the cacao.
In all, chocolate takes on many different forms depending on the type of cacao processing and production methods. Direct trade cacao purchasing creates a firsthand relationship between the company and the farmers. By excluding middlemen from the process, the direct trade purchasing is less convoluted than free trade, making it easier to monitor labor practices and ensure fair labor practices. This is not to say that all free trade chocolate involves child labor or unfair labor, but that labor practices are more difficult to monitor when there are more parties involved in the purchasing. In addition to the labor aspects of direct trade versus free trade, a byproduct of direct trade is that Taza is able to create a unique flavor from the high quality cacao beans rather than concealing the flavor of the cacao using other ingredients as in a Cadbury chocolate bar.
“2018 Transparency Report.” 2018. Taza Chocolate. 2018.
“About Taza.” 2015. Taza Chocolate. 2015. https://www.tazachocolate.com/pages/about-
Albritton, Robert. 2013. “Between Obesity and Hunger: The Capitalist Food Industry.” In
Food and Culture, edited by Carole Counihan and Penny Van Esterik. Taylor & Francis.
“Chocolate Making.” 2019. Cadbury. 2019. https://www.cadbury.com.au/about-
“Cocoa Growing Countries.” 2019. Cadbury. 2019. https://www.cadbury.com.au/About-
“Cocoa Life.” 2019. 2019. http://www.cadbury.co.uk/cocoa-life.
“Cocoa Life – About the Program.” 2019. Cocoa Life. 2019. http://www.cocoalife.org/the-
“Fact Sheet: Chocolate Manufacturing.” n.d. https://www.cadburyworld.co.uk/schoolandgroups/~/media/cadburyworld/en/files/pdf/fa
Fine Cacao and Chocolate Institute. 2019. Examining Brazil’s Cocoa-Chocolate Supply Chain:
Film Screening and Discussion, Part 2. Harvard University.
Higgs, Catherine. 2012. Chocolate Islands: Cocoa, Slavery, and Colonial Africa. Athens: Ohio
Leissle, Kristy. 2018. Cocoa. Newark: Polity Press.
“Our Process.” 2015. Taza Chocolate. 2015. https://www.tazachocolate.com/pages/our-
“Our Story.” 2019. Cadbury. 2019. http://www.cadbury.co.uk/our-story.
Oxford. 2019. “Chocolate.” Oxford Dictionaries | English. 2019.
Satre, Lowell J. 2005. Chocolate on Trial: Slavery, Politics, and the Ethics of Business. Athens:
Ohio University Press.
“Sourcing for Impact in Haiti.” 2015. Vimeo. 2015. https://vimeo.com/141051869.
“Taza Direct Trade.” 2015. Taza Chocolate. 2015.

domain: food


September 4, 2021
Capturing wetland flowsBy Marc Simard
Again today, both AirSWOT and UAVSAR flew simultaneously over Terrebonne East to capture wetland flows as tides receded. AirSWOT collected its flight pattern 3 times for a total of 21 flight lines. The image overlaps are designed to enable cross-calibration through space and time, which will provide centimeter-level slope accuracy. The UAVSAR performed 8 laps around its planned racetrack as well as one emergency response lines for post-hurricane monitoring of oil slicks. Delta-X Deputy PI, Dr. Cathleen Jones, is processing and analyzing this new radar data to build-up on other observations discussed in today’s story in the New-York Times.


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8 ‘Small’ Things That Make Me Proud as Someone With Bipolar Disorder
Before I accepted I had a mental illness, I used to compare myself to everyone else’s accomplishments. They were graduating from college while I re-enrolled for the third time after withdrawing. They were getting engaged while I had never been in a serious relationship. They were finishing a marathon while I was just learning to stand on my own two feet. That’s how it always felt.
Then, I realized I had a lot to be proud of considering everything I’ve been through. Some people mind consider these things “small,” but they’re still major accomplishments for me I should be proud of. Here are eight of the most important things I’m proud of.
1. I have a stable job.
So, maybe a lot of my friends accomplished this at sixteen, but once I got my diagnosis, I wasn’t able to work without going into crisis mode. Now, I’m working full-time while going to school full-time. For me, that’s a huge deal.
2. I haven’t given up on school.
Part of bipolar disorder means being impulsive, so when I enrolled in school and changed my major for the sixth time, I honestly didn’t know if I’d finish or switch majors again. A year and a half later, I’m almost done with my program and thriving. Oh — and I haven’t dropped out (although I’ll admit that I have wanted to a few times!).
3. I get out of bed and take a shower, even when I feel like I can’t do anything due to being so depressed.
Sundays are my “productive days” where I clean the house, do my homework and work on my business. However, when I’m deeply depressed, I don’t want to do anything. My body feels like a dead weight and I physically feel too tired to move. But nowadays, I try not to let that stop me from getting out of bed and doing what I need to do — including taking a shower. That in itself is a lot of progress.
4. I take my meds every single day.
Another huge challenge for some people with bipolar disorder can be the tendency to impulsively go off prescription meds. I know I have quite a few times — all of which resulted in hospitalizations due to my symptoms returning. Today, I realize that my meds are why I feel better; they’re why I’m so stable. I’m proud to say I haven’t gone off of them for three years now. I’m even prouder to say that in those three years, I’ve missed fewer than five doses. If you talk to a patient who’s on medication, they might also tell you what a big deal that is.
5. I’m now able to say, “What you did upset me.”
For years, I never wanted to tell people when I was upset due to the paralyzing fear they’d get mad at me and leave, and that ended a lot of really good relationships. I lost a lot of friends because when I didn’t vocalize that they upset me, I became resentful. Now, I’m able to bring those things up. In fact, I love bringing those things up, because I realized it makes me feel better to talk through it. Having that skill really is life-changing.
6. I stopped the cycle of self-sabotaging whenever I get scared.
I remember always doing so well in my recovery, then unconsciously self-sabotaging, because happiness scared me. I was familiar with my mood episodes to the point where they were comforting, so being stable was a really scary thing to experience for the first time. Eventually, I had to get over it and decide enough is enough. I had to learn to cope with the discomfort of new things that I might not be familiar with. I don’t like change, but now I can handle it.
7. I know (and accept) my limits, meaning I no longer put my mental health in jeopardy.
I remember when my friends would call me at 11 p.m., asking me to come out, and even though I knew I’d be manic if I stayed up that late, I did it anyway. However, the bipolar disorder cycle gets tiring, and eventually, I realized I couldn’t do that if I wanted to be stable. So now, I respect that I can’t do things most other people can. I can’t stay up until 2 a.m. due to needing a regular sleep schedule. I can’t procrastinate, because when I do, my anxiety catches up with me and I go into crisis mode. I’ve accepted I have limits.
8. I’m not a “toxic” person anymore — and I’m able to admit that I once was.
While no one likes to admit they were once “toxic,” I will openly share that I was. I didn’t know how to ask for what I needed, so I manipulated people. And what’s harder to admit is I was really good at it. But that’s not who I want to be. So, I’m not anymore. It took a lot of time and a ton of hard work, but I’ve become someone who’s healthy to be around. That’s a pretty big deal to me.
I’ve come a long way from the person I used to be, and I’ve realized that’s something to be proud of. These accomplishments are proof that life does get better. Life does go on after a debilitating mental illness. And I’m really glad I stuck around to see it.

domain: psychology


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Janessa Clark (American/Swedish) is a choreographer and performance maker. She holds an MA (Hons) in Performance Practices and Research from the Royal Central School of Speech and Drama in London where she also received distinction for her thesis Vicious Terrain: Rupturing Choreography through Co-Authorship. Janessa also holds a BFA (magna cum laude) in Choreography from the Herberger Institute for Design and the Arts at Arizona State University where she received the Undergraduate Award for Excellence for her choreographic work. She founded and directed the New York City-based dance collective, Janessa Clark/KILTERBOX, from 2001-2012 and in 2012 dissolved KILTERBOX to form nomadthenewcompany, which worked internationally until 2017. Janessa now creates work under her own name.
As a dancer and performer, Janessa has collaborated with acclaimed artists such as Tino Sehgal, Gina Gibney/Gibney Dance, Noemie Lafrance Sens|Production, Michael Cole, Jennifer Tsukayama, Laura Peterson Choreography, Lior Lerman, Steeledance, Jenni Hong, Veronika Tybell, and Disa Krosness among others. She has collaborated on performative photographic/visual projects with Martin Cooper, Christopher Matthews, and Craig Wells.
Janessa is a 2018-19 Artist in Residence at Jamaica Center for Arts and Learning and was a 2018 resident at THE CHURCH Artist Residency in Mt. Vision, NY. During June 2019 she will also embark upon an artist fellowship in St. Petersburg, Russia through CEC ArtsLink’s prestigious Back Apartment Residency program. Janessa’s choreography has been presented throughout the US and Europe most notably at Danspace Project (NY), Dixon Place (NY), Dance New Amsterdam (NY), WOW Cafe Theater (NY), the DANCENOW Festival (NY), the Webber Douglas Performance Space (London), CounterPULSE (SF), Teatro Victoria (Spain), Teatro Cicca (Spain), and Danscentrum (Stockholm). She was also the choreographer and a performer for the prize-winning short film Squeeze Play (2004 d. Chiedu Egbuniwe) and has had her own film work presented in the Stockholm Dansfilm Festival, the Thessaloniki Cinedance International, the ViDEOSKiN Film Festival in Yukon Territory, the Triskelion Dance Film Festival, and upcoming in festivals in Arizona, Oklahoma, Utah, and Michigan.
An accomplished dance pedagogue, Janessa specializes in dance improvisation, choreographic practices, sounding bodies, repertory, and modern dance technique. Her classes and courses have been on programs in the US at Dance New Amsterdam, Steps on Broadway and New York University's Summer Dance Festival, the College at Brockport, and Montclair State University, and internationally at the University College of Dance and the Balletakademien (Stockholm), Luleå Tekniska Universitetet (Luleå, Sweden), iKapa Dance Theater (Cape Town, South Africa) and via the HIGH FESTIVAL (Yerevan, Armenia).
Janessa has over 15 years of curatorial and arts management experience and has developed strong programming initiatives and international touring models for artists/companies such as Gibney Dance, David Dorfman Dance, GALLIM, Alexandra Beller/Dances, Deganit Shemy, Gallim and Erica Essner Performance Co-Op. She was the assistant producer for the highly-acclaimed 2012 Brink Festival in London, and is currently developing a multi-disciplinary arts residency project in Stockholm to launch in 2021.
Janessa resides in Brooklyn, NY.
Awards, Residencies & Prizes
Future Becomes Past Official Selection 2019 Dance Moves Videodance Festival Nicosia, Cyprus
Residency Week (Fall 2019) THE CHURCH Artist Residency Mt. Vision, NY
Artist in Residence (2018/19) Jamaica Center for the Arts Queens, NY
Artist Fellowship (2019) Back Apartment Residency St. Petersburg, Russia
Future Becomes Past Official Selection 2019 Screendance Festival Stockholm, Sweden
Future Becomes Past Official Selection 2019 Oklahoma Dance Film Festival Tulsa, OK
Future Becomes Past Official Selection 2019 Utah Dance Film Festival Orem, UT
Future Becomes Past Official Selection 2019 Midwest RAD Festival Kalamazoo, MI
Int’l Cultural Exchange Grant Future Becomes Past (2018) Konstnärsnämnden/Swedish Arts Council
Future Becomes Past Official Selection 2018 Stockholm Dansfilm Festival Stockholm, Sweden
Future Becomes Past Official Selection 2018 Phoenix Dance Film Festival Phoenix, AZ
Future Becomes Past Official Selection 2018 Triskelion Arts Dance Film Festival Brooklyn, NY
Future Becomes Past Official Selection 2018 Divulge Dancers' Film Festival Hollywood, CA
Future Becomes Past Official Selection 2018 Thessaloniki Cinedance International Festival Greece
Artist in Residence (2018) THE CHURCH Artist Residency Mt. Vision, NY
Kensington Unicorn Official selection 2017 Stockholm Dansfilm Festival Stockholm, Sweden
Translate, Intertwine, Transgress Choreographer/Architect lab artist Moderna Museet Stockholm, Sweden
Commissioning funds for (inner)views I-VII Harlem Stage Fund for New Work
Commission support for Pith and Blowback Manhattan Theater Source/Estrogenius Festival
Commission support for Laura WOW Cafe Theater
Commission and European tour support for Tesseract Thompson & Knight Foundation
Commissioning Funds for (inner)views I-VII Gibney Dance, Inc Women at Work Prize
Residencies Tesseract (2005), Volution (2010), Future Becomes Past film (2018) DanceNOW Silo Residency
Janessa’s 2018-19 EtM Choreographer + Composer Residency at the Jamaica Center for Arts & Learning is made possible by the Mertz Gilmore Foundation, the George L. Shields Foundation, The Reed Foundation, AOH Foundation, and the Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts for their support of the EtM Choreographer + Composer Residencies
The residency program is supported, in part, by public funds from the New York City Department of Cultural Affairs in partnership with the City Council.

domain: entertainment


Global Space & Technology Convention 2017
When: Wednesday, February 22, 2017
to Friday, February 24, 2017
Secure World Foundation is pleased to be supporting the Global Space & Technology Convention (GSTC), which is organized by the Singapore Space and Technology Association (SSTA). This year's convention will be held on Feb. 22-24, 2017, in Singapore, the cross-roads of Asia, which will allow for a wide-ranging and comprehensive discussion of issues affecting space for stakeholders in the region and around the world.
The democratization of space has begun. Advances in electronics miniaturization and computing power, developments in commercial-off-the-shelf technology, and new use cases in remote sensing and communications are driving new business models, partnerships and design paradigms of space. How will this affect your operations in space and how can you tap the opportunities? Find out more at the Global Space & Technology Convention.
For more information, please contact SWF Washington Office Director Victoria Samson.
The agenda can be found here.
Registration is available here.


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MANILA (UPDATE) - President Rodrigo Duterte conceded that Presidential Spokesperson Harry Roque has a slim chance of winning the Senate race and said he plans to just give a new job to his fierce mouthpiece.
Duterte said he told Roque to remain on “standby” for another job at the Palace, as he admitted that the spokesperson is unlikely to win the Senate race.
“Ayan sila si Roque, gusto mag-senador. Sabi ko, ‘Tama ka na. T*** i** diyan. Standby ka. Bigyan kita ibang trabaho. Hindi ka manalo diyan.’ ‘Bakit?’ ‘Ah ‘yung mga sundalo ayaw sa iyo,’” Duterte said in a speech before Philippine Military Academy alumni in Malacañang.
Roque described the President’s words as “typical Duterte” and a form of “cariño brutal” (tough love).
He said he will need the weekend to think about his options and weigh the President’s offer. He said the post offered by Duterte “does not exist yet.”
“Prior to the speech we had a command conference where the President asked me to stay and offered me a position which currently does not exist yet,” Roque said in a Palace press briefing.
“While there was no categorical agreement on what to do, I did say I will consider it and I wanted the weekend to think it over.”
Roque would not win in the senatorial elections if it were held last September, according to the latest Pulse Asia survey.
The spokesperson lamented that Senate race seems to have become a popularity contest in the Philippines, as old and familiar names in Philippine politics dominated the top spots in the survey.
As he pondered on his future in the Duterte administration, Roque said being the President’s spokesperson is perhaps not suited for him after he was left “in the dark” about the President’s apparent hospital visit last Wednesday.
Roque said it appeared he lied about the President’s hospital visit since he was adamant on Thursday that the chief executive only took a “day off.”
“In my decision on whether not to run, to accept whatever the Office of the President may have, I will consider the fact that in this capacity as spokesperson, I must know everything about the president,” he said.
“I do concede that his going to the diagnostic exam was something I did not know and therefore, I’m inclined to believe that perhaps I’m not in a position to continue with this current function,” said Roque.

domain: news


Kazushige Nojima is one of video game’s most famous story and scenario writers. Some of his past credits include Final Fantasy VII, Kingdom Hearts I and II, and even Super Smash Bros. Brawl’s Adventure Mode, among many others. Recent credits include Final Fantasy VII Remake, Stranger of Paradise: Final Fantasy Origin, and Final Fantasy VII: Ever Crisis. But don’t expect him to talk about any of them on Twitter. He won’t.
This week, Nojima announced that he won’t be tweeting about upcoming or past games, explaining that he can’t help but think that personal remarks he makes could hurt the enjoyment of fans.
“I’m not going to stop using Twitter,” he added in an English language tweet. “I will continue to upload photos of guinea pigs. But I’m going to stop talking about specific games I’m a part of, such as FF7R.”
As Japanese game site Automaton points out, it’s not entirely certain what prompted this. Nojima tends to tweet photos of books he’s reading, movies he’s watching, and food he’s eating—along with the aforementioned guinea pig pics. His account isn’t exactly a hot bed of inside baseball on projects, like it is for some developers who share information extensively.
However, recently, Nojima’s mentions were peppered with fan requests regarding FFVII. If Nojima were to reply or engage with these requests, theories, or even shipping fantasies, it might color how fans see characters or plot lines, and even subvert official narratives. This, he argues, could harm some players’ enjoyment, and those who have concocted their own subtextual readings of the games.
This reminds me of Quentin Tarantino’s approach to the question about what’s in the Pulp Fiction briefcase—a question he doesn’t answer. Instead, fans are left to come up with their own notions.
Nojima doesn’t work for Square Enix anymore. He left the company in 2003 to set up his own freelance company, Stellavista. He doesn’t own these characters—Square Enix does—and he might also be showing respect to his client by not engaging in insider info, subtext, or conjecture on Twitter.
Sure, it’s a drag that Nojima doesn’t feel like he can causally share about games on Twitter, but it might be for the best. At least his Twitter account will continue with the guinea pig photo content. Now, it would be awful if he totally stopped that.


text: We perform a systematic spectroscopic study in channel waveguides of potassium gadolinium lutetium double tungstate doped with different Er3+ concentrations. Transition cross sections of ground-state absorption (GSA) and excited-state absorption (ESA), as well as stimulated emission (SE) at the pump wavelength around 980 nm are determined. ESA is directly measured by the pump-probe technique. Evaluation of GSA and ESA spectra indicates that ESA may be diminished by an appropriate choice of pump wavelength near 980 nm. Besides, GSA and SE at the signal wavelength around 1.5 µm are measured and the wavelength-dependent gain cross section as a function of excitation density is determined. Non-exponential luminescence decay curves from the 4I13/2 and 4I11/2 levels are analyzed and the probabilities of the energy-transfer-upconversion (ETU) processes (4I13/2, 4I13/2) → (4I15/2, 4I9/2) and (4I11/2, 4I11/2) → (4I15/2, 4F7/2) are quantified. Despite the large interionic distance between neighboring rare-earth sites in potassium double tungstates, the probability of ETU is comparatively large because of the large cross sections of the involved transitions. A rate-equation analysis of the influence of ETU and ESA on gain at ∼1.5 µm is performed, revealing that ETU from the 4I13/2 amplifier level strongly limits the gain when the doping concentration increases above ∼6at.%. The calculated maximum achievable internal net gain per unit length amounts to ∼15 dB/cm for an optimized Er3+ concentration of ∼4 × 1020 cm−3 and a launched pump power of 300 mW at a pump wavelength of 984.5 nm, in reasonable agreement with recent experimental results.

domain: chemistry


Got a chance to watch the Endhiran music launch on SunTV. This launch happened at Malaysia and as it happened to be backed by Sun Networks, there was a full blown marketing effort from Sun Networks to show this launch more than once on the channels in their network.
The rumour is that this is a 10 year dream project, which Shankar, the director, had in his mind, but did not execute it earlier as the technology and the team was not ready. On hearing this, it immediately reminded me of similar comments made by James Cameron about Avatar. It will be interesting to see how Endhiran comes out to be!
Another rumour that is floating around is that about 200 crores of Rupees was spent on the movie. About 10 years ago, I have heard Shankar state that we can take movies just like or better than the Hollywood movies if the funding for the movie was adequate. I guess now he has got a chance to spend the amount he wanted and it is time to see how the returns are.
It was a star studded launch and I noticed Kalanidhi Maran also present during the launch, which was the first time that I have noticed him in the fore front, though all of us know he is the brain behind many big businesses that he owns.
Aishwarya Rai forgot to speak about Rajinikanth initially and as always tried to give her own reasons for the same.
I did see the trailer shown during this launch and my first reaction was that I was not very impressed with what I saw. Being a die hard Rajinikanth fan, I might see the movie once, but Aishwarya Rai’s presence in the movie might distract me from watching it again, unless our Super Star weaves his magic once again 🙂
Time to wait and see.


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domain: geography


text:
NEW YORK — Wall Street is ticking higher Friday as it heads toward its best week since March, despite a long list of worries hanging over it.
The S&P 500 was 0.2% higher in midday trading and on pace for a 2% gain for the week. That would break a long, listless stretch where it failed to rise or fall by 1% for six straight weeks. The Dow Jones Industrial Average was up 72 points, or 0.2%, at 33,608, as of 11:05 a.m. Eastern time, while the Nasdaq composite was virtually falt.
Rising hopes that the U.S. government can avoid a disastrous default on its debt have been one of the main engines for the market this week. The White House said Friday morning in Japan that negotiators told President Joe Biden, who’s at a Group of Seven summit there, they’re making progress on a deal to raise the credit limit for the federal government.
Without the ability to borrow more, the U.S. government could default on its debt for the first time and trigger widespread pain across the economy. The White House and House Republicans are staring down a June 1 deadline, which is when the government could run out of cash to pay its bills.
Better profit reports than feared by big U.S. companies have also helped support stocks in recent weeks.
DXC Technology rose 3.7% for one of the biggest gains in the S&P 500 after offering a mixed earnings report. Its revenue for the latest quarter fell shy of forecasts, but it also announced a new $1 billion program to buy back its own stock. Such purchases can goose a company’s earnings per share.
On the losing side was Foot Locker, which tumbled 25.9%. It lowered its financial forecast for the year because it’s having to mark down prices to get shoppers to buy amid what it calls a tough economic environment.
Another retailer, Ross Stores, fell 1.3% after giving a forecasted range for earnings this full year that fell short of some analysts’ projections. That was despite its sales and revenue for the latest quarter topping Wall Street’s expectations.
Deere also topped forecasts for revenue and earnings in the latest quarter, but its stock swung form an early gain to a slight drop. Its stock was most recently down 0.3%.
Much scrutiny has been on retailers this week, which also saw Home Depot, Target and Walmart report mixed results. That’s because resilient spending by U.S. households has been one of the main pillars keeping the economy from falling into a recession.
Manufacturing and other swaths of the economy have weakened under the weight of much higher interest rates meant to bring down inflation. And the fear is that a drop-off in spending by households could cement a recession.
The pressure is higher after the Federal Reserve yanked its benchmark interest rate to the highest level since 2007. That has helped inflation to cool since setting a peak last summer. But it does that by slowing the entire economy in a blunt action and hurting prices for stocks and other investments.
The hope on Wall Street is that the Fed may take a pause at its next meeting in June, which would be the first meeting in more than a year where it hasn’t raised rates. But Dallas Fed President Lorie Logan on Thursday suggested another hike may be on the way unless more data arrives to suggest further cooling of inflation, which remains well above the Fed’s target.
Fed Chair Jerome Powell is speaking Friday about monetary policy at an event with a predecessor, Ben Bernanke. He again stressed the importance of getting inflation back down to the Fed’s target.
Treasury yields rose as traders become increasingly split on whether the Fed will hike rates again or pause in June. They’re now betting on a nearly 36% chance for a hike, up from less than 16% a week ago, according to data from CME Group.
The yield on the 10-year Treasury rose to 3.71% from 3.65% late Thursday. It helps set rates for mortgages and other important loans.
The two-year Treasury yield, which moves more on expectations for Fed action, rose to 4.33% from 4.26%.
Japan’s Nikkei 225 rose 0.8% to its highest close in about 33 years. Data on Japan’s consumer price index for April showed a rise of 3.4% from the previous year, indicating inflationary pressures were subsiding.
Chinese stocks struggled. Hong Kong’s Hang Seng fell 1.4% and Shanghai’s index slipped 0.4%. Indexes were higher across Europe.
AP Business Writers Yuri Kageyama and Matt Ott contributed.


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This is the first time that Grewia villosa Willd. is reported in Morocco!
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This week, I find myself on the other side of the microphone as Howard Brown, my colleague and friend from the Shining Bright Podcast, interviews me. In this engaging conversation, Howard delves into my journey exploring the power of presence and passion to support others on their healing journey.
Embracing Self-Love through Self-Care
I emphasize the crucial link between self-care and self-love. By prioritizing well-being and practicing kindness towards ourselves, we can enhance self-confidence and live our best lives.
Triumph over Inner Struggles: The Power of Self-Compassion
I share my story of triumph over anxiety, soul fatigue, and self-limiting beliefs. Gain insights into the transformative power of self-compassion, where creating space for emotions and practicing mindfulness helps navigate challenging times.
Love in Action: Ripples of Kindness
I encourage listeners to extend the love cultivated within themselves outward. Whether through acts of kindness, serving others, or offering support, discover how sharing love can create a ripple effect, brightening the world and fostering a culture of compassion.
We all face challenges, but it's up to each of us to rise again. And don't forget to connect with me at Global Wellness Education.
Have you ever battled overwhelming anxiety, fear, self-limiting beliefs, soul fatigue or stress? It can leave you feeling so lonely and helpless. We’ve all been taught how to be courageous when we face physical threats but when it comes to matters of the heart and soul we are often left to learn, "the hard way."
As a school teacher for over 30+ years, struggling with these very issues, my doctor suggested anti-anxiety medication but that didn't resonate with me so I sought the healing arts. I expanding my teaching skills and became a yoga, meditation, mindfulness, reiki and sound healer to step into my power and own my impact.
A Call for Love will teach you how to find the courage to hold space for your fears and tears. To learn how to love and respect yourself and others more deeply.
My mission is to guide you on your journey. I believe we can help transform the world around us by choosing love. If you don’t love yourself, how can you love anyone else? Join a call for love.
Website - Global Wellness Education
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Republican mayoral hopeful Joseph Lhota, who served as a top official in Rudy Giuliani’s administration, will face intense opposition from minority communities in New York City because he is viewed as a “continuation” of the former mayor, the Rev. Al Sharpton said following a mayoral forum in Harlem Tuesday.
“He would be very much challenged in this community to get votes and in communities of color around the city that were not supporters of Mr. Giuliani,” Sharpton said Tuesday night following a forum he moderated with candidates seeking the Democratic nomination for mayor.
Sharpton predicted Lhota will win the Republican nomination, but he said he personally has a problem with Lhota’s candidacy because he would not want to see anyone with Giuliani’s “political image” become mayor.
Lhota served in a variety of capacities during Giuliani’s term in office, including deputy mayor for operations, budget director and commissioner of the Department of Finance.
In December, Lhota resigned as chairman of the Metropolitan Transportation Authority and he is expected to make official his entry into the mayor’s race in the coming days. Lhota has the strong backing of Giuliani and others in the former mayor’s circle of influence, and a poll released Wednesday shows he’s the frontrunner for the GOP nomination, with 23% of GOP voters backing him.
A spokeswoman for Lhota did not immediately respond to a request for comment on Sharpton’s remarks.
More In Politics
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The Quinnipiac University poll released Wednesday showed Giuliani’s support of Lhota both helps and hurts Lhota. Among voters citywide, 42% view Giuliani’s support as a positive and 37% view it as a negative. But among black voters, 50% view Giuliani’s support as a negative and 28% consider it a positive.
In the poll, hypothetical match-ups between Lhota and the leading Democratic contenders show each of the Democrats would easily defeat Lhota in the November general election. The poll shows very weak support for Lhota among minorities. For example, in a hypothetical match-up with City Council Speaker Christine Quinn, the frontrunner for the Democratic nomination, Quinn beats Lhota among blacks 73% to 9% and among Hispanics 71% to 8%.
Still, Sharpton said it would be wrong to underestimate Lhota, pointing out that Giuliani and his supporters can raise money.
“Me and a lot of people will support and work based on who will do the best job and who can defeat Mr. Lhota,“ Sharpton said. “The concern is after Mr. Bloomberg is you can no longer assume that a Democrat is going to be the automatic winner.”
Democrats outnumber Republicans in New York City by a six-to-one margin, but the GOP nominee has won the last five mayoral races. This year, Democratic leaders say they are determined to regain Gracie Mansion for the first time in a generation.
At Tuesday’s mayoral forum, the audience booed Quinn when she said she would retain Ray Kelly as commissioner of the New York Police Department. Democratic rival Bill de Blasio, who previously dodged questions about keeping Kelly, signaled he would replace the commissioner if he becomes mayor. The other major Democratic candidates confirmed their plans to appoint a new top cop.
“I was impressed that Ms. Quinn did not duck the Ray Kelly question,” Sharpton said. “Clearly, they were not pleased,” he said, referring to the audience, “but I think she made a tremendous comeback on other things.”
Sharpton, who plans to make an endorsement in the race, declined to say which Democrat he thought most connected with the Harlem audience. “They all stood their own,” he said.


text:
Join the University of Calgary on a journey through the GI tract as specialists from around Alberta discuss approaches to common digestive health conditions and review how pathways can support effective management in the Patient Medical Home.
Learning from this webinar series, you will be equipped to:
- Outline the evidence used in clinical pathway development for GI and liver conditions
- Describe how to assess patients with digestive symptoms and signs to determine risk and appropriate management strategies
- Describe investigation and treatment approaches for low risk GI and liver conditions
- Apply the digestive health pathways to appropriately refer patients with GI and liver conditions
There are additional options for you to access specialty advice depending on where you are in the province.
This one-pager was created as a reference to assist you in determining which service to use, based on the advice required and your preferences.

domain: medical


text:
English Translation for ìkákajọ̀dà
Synonyms : ìkákajọ̀dà
ì + ká + ka + jọ + ̀dà +
Word Structure - Un-contracted form : ìkákajọ̀dà
Word Structure - Contracted form : ìkákajọ̀dà
Spelling & word formation : ìkákajọ̀dà
Part of speech
Yet to be updated
Figure of speech
Yet to be updated
Place your Adverts Here
Articles for learning Igala language
- Overview of Igala alphabets
- Relationship Between Ígálá and Yorùbá Languages
- The Dialects of Igala Language
- EDUCATION AND RE-ORIENTATION OF IGALA CULTURAL VALUES
- Igala Orthography
- Morphology of Igala Language
- Igala alphabet – U
- IGALA:Towards evolving strategies for the preservation of a threatened language
- Miscellaneous Influences on the Igala Numeral System
- Story telling (foktale) in Igala Culture
- Igala Phonology
- The maiden annual conference of the Igala studies association
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- Who made the UNESCO Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger?
- Educational potentials of Igala language:
- Threats to the growth of Igala language
- How Response to New Domains and Media affect the growth of Igala Language
- What does it mean to say that a language is extinct?
- Lack of quality documentation : Plaque to the growth of a language
- Lack of Intergenerational Language Transmission as a threath to Igala language
- What does UNESCO do to prevent the endangerment and disappearance of languages?
- How many languages have already disappeared?
- How do you define an endangered language?
- What can be done to save a language from disappearing?
- Relevance of Igala language in education:
- The Totem of Igalapedia Logo
- OVERVIEW OF IGALA CULTURE
- Igala alphabet – I
- AKPO (Oral puzzles in Igala Language)
- THE GRACE OF A TRUE “ATA” (FATHERHOOD)
- OKPA – ATA (THE SCEPTER)
- History of Igalapedia Project
- Udogba Olopu Aluka Igala
- Rediscovering Igala economic potentials and the need to Integrate Igala economy in Igala language studies in Nigeria 2
- The ATA Royal drums and trumpets
- THE AJU-OCHOLI LINEAGE
- ADALE (Another form of Idioms)

domain: library


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Ian Duhig – New and Selected Poems [Pre-order Due NOV 21 SPECIAL OFFER]
Ian Duhig – The Blind Roadmaker
Rachel Long – My Darling from the Lions
Raymond Antrobus – All The Names Given [Pre-order Due SEP 21]
Verve Poetry Competition 2020: DIVERSITY
Introducing… Verve Friendship Scheme!
UniSlam x Verve
Guest Blog #6: Peter Raynard on Proletarian Poetry
Guest Blog #5: Will Barrett (Poetry School) on ‘The First Verve Annual Performance Lecture’
The books that have made Verve Poetry Festival possible!

domain: artistic


text:
Well, the dress has been found ... to be a fake!
The thief who took the gown says he took the dress from Lupita's room at The London after finding the door ajar.
[Image via WENN.]
So cute! It's like a pretty pixie princess!
Rebel Wilson arrived at the Los Angeles premiere of her new film Struck By Lightning wearing a black wrap dress and her hair up in a Tinker Bell knot bun.
She paired the dress with a bright pink clutch and gold peep toe shoes.
She later posed with her co-stars Chris Colfer and Sarah Hyland, but no one can keep their eyes off that amazeballs smile of hers.
Look (below) for more pics of Rebel and her mates! Adorbsies!
[Image via FayesVision/WENN.]


text:
Beautifully illustrated and deeply imaginative, the cast of conversing fish in Salmon Doubts philosophize about the meaning of life as they make their ultimate journey upstream to spawn. With lushly-rendered artwork, uproarious humor, intricately imagined settings, and striking, inventive page layouts, Adam Sacks envelops readers with his genius. The characters in Salmon Doubts fall outside the conventions of the “funny animal” or “anthropomorphic” comics genres — they look like animals, and do not wear little waistcoats or drive little automobiles. But saddled with the full weight of consciousness and speech, they testify just as much to the Human Condition as to Natural Selection. The reader who falls into the distinctive rhythm of life in Salmon Doubts will find it neither carefree nor idyllic, but will be very reluctant to leave.
“It’s thought-provoking as hell, and not in the ways that I would have thought. …seriously, find a copy of this and read it!” –Kevin Bramer, Optical Sloth
Adam Sacks was born in Rochester, New York where he lived for his first three weeks. He grew up in Houston, Texas and then Madison, New Jersey. Adam obtained his BFA in Illustration from the Rhode Island School of Design. Armed with this powerful degree, he moved to Boston where now resides.
For Mature Readers
128 page trade paperback in a variety of subtle colors
Alternative Comics, 2004

domain: literature


2019 Toyota Tacoma Diesel Trd Pro Price Trucks
2019 Toyota Tacoma Trd Pro And Tundra Trd Pro: All The . 2019 Toyota Tacoma Diesel Trd Pro Price Trucks .. 2019 Toyota Tacoma TRD Pro and Tundra TRD Pro: All the Specs and Images (Video. Toyota Tacoma - Wikipedia The Toyota Tacoma is a pickup truck manufactured in the U.S. by the Japanese automobile manufacturer Toyota since 1995. The first generation Tacoma, model.
2019 Toyota Tacoma Pickup | Built For The Endless Weekend Official 2019 Toyota Tacoma site. Find a new pickup truck at a Toyota dealership near you, or build & price your own Toyota Tacoma online today. 2019 Toyota Tacoma Trd Pro Teased Ahead Of Chicago Debut Toyota’s last teaser for its Chicago debuts barely showed us anything as the trucks were mere specs in a vast mountainous landscape photo. Now, Toyota.


text:
The products and solutions in the global shotcrete market are primarily used in construction as well as infrastructure technologies. The manufacturers and participants working in the global shotcrete market offer their end users with various types of equipment, including auxiliary equipment, general equipment, and special equipment. These products and equipment in the global shotcrete market are used for various distinct purposes and applications, including in-ground swimming pool, protective coating, underground construction, water retaining structure, and repair works. The products and solutions in the global shotcrete market operate of two distinct types of systems, including robotic spraying as well as manual systems. By technique, the solutions in the global shotcrete market can be bifurcated into dry mix techniques as well as wet mix techniques.
The rising awareness pertaining to the high technical efficiency of the shotcrete products and solutions is one of the most prominent drivers for the growth and expansion of the global shotcrete market. Other notable drivers for the global shotcrete market include enhancements in materials as well as technologies used for production and manufacture of the products in the global shotcrete market as well as the rising demand for shotcrete products from the infrastructure as well as construction industries. The growth in the global shotcrete market is also driven by the rising usage of sprayed concrete in the manufacturing processes of bank vaults, barrel vaulting, and domes.
The incumbent and major participants and manufacturers operational in the global shotcrete market focus on various growth and development techniques, including new product launches, strategic partnerships, expansion of production capacity, and joint ventures, among others. The leading manufacturers and players operational in the global shotcrete market include Heidelbergcement, Lafargeholcim Ltd., Sika AG, U. S. Concrete Inc., Normet Group, KPM Industries Ltd., Lkab Berg & Beting AB, BASF SE, Grupo ACS, Cemex S. A. B. De C. V., GCP Applied Technologies, Mapei S. P. A., Quikrete Companies, Inc., and The Euclid Chemical Company, among others.
The largest industry share of the global shotcrete market was attributed to Europe region in the recent past. This trend can be attributed to the rising regional demand for shipping, concrete repair, underground drilling, and hard rock extraction. Furthermore, the increasing demand for protective coatings, repair works, and retaining structures in Europe is also expected to foster the development within the global shotcrete market in Europe in near future. The increasing number of metro rail construction projects in various European economies are also fueling the demand in the global shotcrete market in Europe region.


text:
Standard Liège's sixth UEFA Europa League group stage campaign begins with a home fixture against a resolute Vitória SC.
Article top media content
Standard Liège's sixth UEFA Europa League group stage campaign begins with a home fixture against a resolute Vitória SC side who have come through six qualifying matches without conceding a goal.
• It is 24 years since the clubs' one previous European engagement, a UEFA Cup first-round tie that the Portuguese side won, a 3-1 home win in Guimaraes preceding a goalless draw in Liege.
• Standard are undefeated in four games at home to Portuguese opposition (W2 D2), while Vitória are yet to win or score in three visits to Belgium (D2 L1). This is the first time either club has faced an opponent from the other team's country in the UEFA Europa League.
• Standard's third place in the 2018/19 Belgian league earned them direct qualification for this season's group stage.
• The Liege club have competed in the UEFA Europa League group stage in five previous campaigns, but have only once made further progress, in 2011/12, when they went through to the round of 16. They were also quarter-finalists in the inaugural 2009/10 season after switching over mid-campaign from the UEFA Champions League. Last season they failed to get into the knockout phase despite picking up ten points in a group that contained Sevilla, Krasnodar and Akhisar.
• Standard have won only six of their 15 UEFA Europa League home group stage matches (D5 L4), but triumphed in all three in Liege last season and are now unbeaten in nine European home fixtures (W5 D4) since losing 0-3 to Feyenoord in December 2014.
• Fifth in the Portuguese Liga last season, Vitória SC qualified for their fifth European campaign this decade and first since 2017/18, when they finished bottom of their UEFA Europa League group.
• Qualifying wins against Jeunesse Esch (1-0 a, 4-0 h), Ventspils (3-0 a, 6-0 h) and FCSB (0-0 a, 1-0 h) have enabled the Guimaraes club to make a third appearance in the UEFA Europa League group stage. They have yet to make further progress in the competition, however, finishing third in their 2014/15 section. Back in 2005/06 they also finished bottom of their UEFA Cup group.
• Vitória were without a win in 13 UEFA away matches (D3 L10) – a run stretching back to a 1-0 victory at Wisła Kraków in September 2005 – before they defeated Jeunesse in this season's second qualifying round. Their away record in eight UEFA Cup/UEFA Europa League group games is D2 L6, with defeats in each of the last four.
Links and trivia
• Standard's Portuguese striker Orlando Sá began his career with Vitória SC's local rivals Braga.
• Standard's Mehdi Carcela scored three goals in 29 matches for Benfica in 2015/16, appearing as a substitute in a 1-0 away win against Vitória SC in the league. Vitória's Ola John played with Carcela at Benfica during the first half of that season before moving on loan to English outfit Reading, where he was a team-mate of Orlando Sá.
• Standard coach Michel Preud'homme spent the last five seasons of his playing career at Benfica, winning the Portuguese Cup in 1995/96.
• Vitória's coach Ivo Vieira was in charge of Nacional's Under-19s in 2008/09, when Standard's Duje Čop played for the Madeira club's first team.
• Standard still hold the record for the fewest goals conceded in a UEFA Europa League group – one in their 2011/12 campaign. Only Salzburg, in 2017/18, have since matched it.
• A former goalkeeper who played 58 times for the Belgian national team, Preud'homme started out with Standard, winning two league titles with the club, before making further waves with Mechelen, notably in their European Cup Winners' Cup triumph of 1988/89. He has enjoyed similar success as a coach, winning trophies with every club he has managed, most recently the 2015/16 Belgian league with Club Brugge. This is his third spell in charge at Standard, his return in May 2018 coming after ten years away.
• An unexpected sixth-placed finish with Moreirense in the 2018/19 Portuguese Liga – in his only season with the club – earned Ivo Vieira a summer move to a Vitória SC side that finished on the same number of points but one place higher. A native of Madeira, he spent the whole of his playing career on the island with Nacional, which is where he also started his coaching path. Indeed, he did not work in mainland Portugal until May 2016, when he was handed the coaching reins at second-tier Aves. He subsequently took charge of Académica Coimbra and Estoril.

domain: sports


text:
Juan de Segovia and the Fight for Peace
Christians and Muslims in the Fifteenth Century
Juan de Segovia (d. 1458), theologian, translator of the Qur'ān, and lifelong advocate for the forging of peaceful relations between Christians and Muslims, was one of Europe's leading intellectuals. Today, however, few scholars are familiar with this important fifteenth-century figure. In this well-documented study, Anne Marie Wolf presents a clear, chronological narrative that follows the thought and career of Segovia, who taught at the University of Salamanca, represented the university at the Council of Basel (1431–1449), and spent his final years arguing vigorously that Europe should eschew war with the ascendant Ottoman Turks and instead strive to convert them peacefully to Christianity.
What could make a prominent thinker, especially one who moved in circles of power, depart so markedly from the dominant views of his day and advance arguments that he knew would subject him to criticism and even ridicule? Although some historians have suggested that the multifaith heritage of his native Spain accounts for his unconventional belief that peaceful dialogue with Muslims was possible, Wolf argues that other aspects of his life and thought were equally important. For example, his experiences at the Council of Basel, where his defense of conciliarism in the face of opposition contributed to his ability to defend an unpopular position and where his insistence on conversion through peaceful means was bolstered by discussions about the proper way to deal with the Hussites, refined his arguments that peaceful conversion was prefereable to war. Ultimately Wolf demonstrates that Segovia's thought on Islam and the proper Christian stance toward the Muslim world was consistent with his approach to other endeavors and with cultural and intellectual movements at play throughout his career.
“A theologian, translator of the Qur’an and lifelong advocate for forging peaceful relations between Christians and Muslims, Juan de Segovia was a prominent thinker in fifteenth century Europe. The author presents a chronological narrative that follows the thought and career of Segovia, who departed from the dominant views of his day to advance arguments he knew would subject him to criticism.” —Notre Dame Magazine
“Wolf’s study of Juan de Segovia deftly weaves together the Castilian’s education, career as a staunch conciliarist, and peaceful approach to Islam . . . . In Wolf’s atmospheric and meticulous study, Segovia remains compelling as a scholar who drew upon his personal experience, biblical study, and conciliarist politics to form a peaceful response to a problem that persists even today. It is certain to become essential reading for scholars of premodern Christian-Muslim relations.” —Renaissance Quarterly
“Ann Marie Wolf’s new book is a much-needed study that approaches Juan from a fresh perspective . . . . Juan de Segovia and the Fight for Peace is an engaging and important contribution to intellectual and ecclesiastical history of the fifteenth century. Wolf portrays the Spanish theologian’s struggle for peace between Christians and Muslims vividly and affectionately. Anyone who is interested in interfaith dialogue in the late Middle Ages cannot afford to miss this book.” —Parergon
“Wolf’s study has many merits, such as its meticulous presentation of Juan de Segovia’s pivotal experiences as a scholar in Salamanca and as a member of the Council of Basel and its approach to the secular priest’s grounds for his future perspective regarding non-Christian populations.” —Sixteenth Century Journal
“Anne Marie Wolf’s analysis of the life and thoughts of fifteenth-century Castilian conciliarist and Church reformer Juan de Segovia is an accessible and engaging intellectual history of a figure that historians have traditionally found difficult to classify. Wolf’s book constitutes an excellent contribution to our growing understanding of the range of Christian perceptions of Islam in the later Middle Ages—a topic which, as she points out, remains far less studied and understood than Christian portrayals of Judaism in that era.” —American Historical Review
“There is a great deal to admire about this book as an intellectual biography. Wolf writes in pellucid prose. She carefully navigates between earlier scholarship on Juan de Segovia, the Christian polemical tradition against Islam, and the social history of Christian-Muslim interaction.” —Speculum
“Wolf provides new insights in this book, in particular on Segovia’s use of the Bible and his original call for peace between Christianity and Islamic world. Due to its keen interpretation of Segovia’s life and works, it shall remain at the core of this research field for a long time to come.” —The Catholic Historical Review
"This is an important book in linking medieval with modern thought and efforts to create understanding between Christianity and Islam. . . . Anne Marie Wolf has mastered Segovia’s writings, and she also presents the reader with recent work not only on Segovia but also on his larger theological context and place in church history. . . . Wolf succeeds in presenting a believable and sympathetic portrait of a European thinker who has either been ignored or slighted in his afterlife." —The Journal of Religion
“What makes Wolf’s approach a new and innovative one is her attempt to combine Juan de Segovia’s role as a participant, discussant, and historiographer of the Council of Basel (1431-1449) and as a leading Christian and theologian in fighting Islam, and to explain [his] attitudes towards matters of ecclesiology . . . and interreligious dialogue . . . as two sides of the same coin. This a priori hypothesis is turned into an a posteriori proof by Wolf’s detailed and well-written analysis.” —Medievalia et Humanistica
“Wolf deserves credit for tackling with admirable thoroughness and insight this obscure and complex personality, and for shedding further light on the complex currents of religious thought that characterized the Christian West at a time of increasing anxiety and conflict with Muslims, both at home and abroad.” —Renaissance and Reformation


Siemens Water Technologies magnetite ballasted CoMag System, which is already helping municipalities to increase water and wastewater treatment plant clarification performance in confined footprints, is now available for industrial water and wastewater treatment applications.
The CoMag System (pictured) uses magnetite to ballast conventional chemical floc for enhanced settling rates and increased performance of wastewater and water treatment operations, the company says. It also reduces capital and life-cycle costs, according to Siemens.
The CoMag System removes contaminants by reducing total suspended solids (TSS), total phosphorus (TP), turbidity, color, pathogens and metals far below conventional treatment, the company says. The system enables designers and plant operators with space constraints to economically expand treatment capacity and limit the footprint of planned facilities.
The American Council of Engineering Companies (ACEC) of Massachusetts recently awarded Tighe & Bond its prestigious Gold Award for its work at the Town of Sturbridge, Mass., wastewater treatment plant using a combination of Siemens BioMag and CoMag Systems.
The costs of retrofits and upgrades to existing systems pose a challenge to industrial water treatment operators, making design and implementation costs of water and wastewater treatment systems a key differentiating advantage in the market, says Ankur Jajoo, Frost & Sullivan energy and environment industry analyst.
Jajoo says the CoMag System is “financially attractive to implement and minimizes large-scale design changes.” The product can help industrial operators cut operational costs while improving contaminant removal, he says.
The CoMag System for industrial applications includes TSS and heavy metals removal for recycle-reuse, reverse osmosis (RO) pretreatment and other uses. The system incorporates a modified compact high rate Lancy Solids Separator to minimize the amount of solids escaping the unit.
In addition to achieving high rate clarification, the CoMag System employs a sludge recycle function to increase the system performance and the clarity of its effluent, Siemens says. Approximately 20 percent of the clarifier underflow is recirculated back to the ballast reaction tank to enhance the chemical process. Up to 99 percent of the magnetite is recovered and returned to the system, according to the company.


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One of the most popular tour packages in India is a visit to cities falling into the golden triangle. Golden Triangle Tour With Varanasi offers you an opportunity to explore the popular cities of Delhi, Agra and Jaipur along with the ancient holy city of Varanasi. During your visit, you will experience something different in each city. Delhi will offer a potpourri of everything, Agra will take you back to the Mughal times, Jaipur will offer you a sneak-peak into the erstwhile Rajputana royalty and Varanasi will enlighten your religious spirits.
Duration: 9 Nights /10 Days
Destination Covered: Delhi – Jaipur – Fathepur Sikri – Agra – Varanasi – Delhi
Day 01: Arrival in Delhi
Arrive in Delhi International Airport meet Surya Reisedienst’s representative transfer to hotel. Check in at a hotel and overnight stay in hotel.
Day 02: Delhi
After breakfast, full day city tour of old & modern capital of India. Visit Jama Masjid, the largest mosque in India. Built by Shah Jahan, the construction was started in 1844 and was not completed until 1658; Red Fort, which was also built by Shah Jehan. This massive fort was built from 1638 to 1648; Chandni Chowk and Rajghat – the cremation site of Mahatma Gandhi. Witness the India Gate, the Presidents House & the Parliament. Visit Humayun’s Tomb: built in mid 16th century this is an early example of Mughal architecture; Qutab Minar. The tour ends with a visit to Laxmi Narayan Temple (Birla Mandir).
Day 03: Delhi – Jaipur
Surface: 270 kms (Approx), 5-6 Hours
After breakfast, drive to Jaipur: The capital city of the state of Rajasthan also know as Pink City owes its name, its foundation and planning to the great warrior-astronomer Maharaja Jai Singh II. The city of Jaipur has broad avenues. The city sits on a dry lake bed in a wild and somewhat arid landscape, surrounded by barren hills surmounted by fortresses and crenelated walls. Upon arrival, check-in at Hotel. Rest of the day at leisure.
Day 04: Jaipur
After breakfast, excursion to Amber Fort enroute witness the façade of Hawa Mahal or the Palace of Winds which was built in 1799. Amber Fort – The ancient capital of the state until 1727 when Jai Singh decided to move from his hillside fortress at Amber to new site on the plains. The construction of this fort began in 1592 by Raja Man Singh, the Rajput commander of Akbar’s army. The fort is a superb example of Rajput architecture, stunningly situated on a hillside and overlooking a lake which reflects its terraces and ramparts. Visit the Jagmandir or the hall of victory glittering with mirrors, Jal Mahal & temple of Kali. Ascend on elephant back, the hill, on which the fort is situated.
Afternoon, City tour of Jaipur. Visit the Jantar Mantar the observatory built by Jai Singh in 1728; the City Palace which is a blend of Rajasthani and Mughal architecture. It also has a museum with an extensive collection of art, carpets, paintings, enamel ware and weapons dating back to the 15th century.
Day 05: Jaipur – Fatehpur Sikri – Agra
Note: – Taj Mahal will be closed on every Friday.
Surface: 240 kms (Approx), 6-7 Hours
After breakfast, drive to Agra. En route visit the abandoned Mughal city of Fatehpur Sikri: built by Emperor Akbar in 1569, was the old capital of the Mughals, which was abandoned after 15 years due to scarcity of water. See the graceful buildings including the Jama Masjid, Tomb of Salim Chisti, Panch Mahal & other Palaces which are still preserved in its original glory. Continue drive to Agra. Evening arrive in Agra and check in at hotel.
Day 06: Agra
After breakfast Agra city tour. Visit Red fort, which was built by Emperor Akbar in 1565, and additions were made up until the time of his grandson, Shah Jahan. It contains the hall of public and private audiences amongst many other beautiful structures; Itmad-ud- daulah, which was constructed by Nur Jahan between 1622 and 1628 and is very similar to the tomb she constructed for her husband, Jehangir, near Lahore in Pakistan; the highlight of the day – The Taj Mahal, which was constructed by Shah Jahan in memory of his wife Mumtaz Mahal. Construction of the Taj began in 1631 and was not completed until 1653. Overnight stay in Hotel.
Day 07: Agra – Varanasi (By Overnight Train)
By Train: 608 kms (Approx), 11-12 Hours
After breakfast, free for shopping. Evening proceed to Railway Station. Overnight journey for Varanasi.
Day 08: Varanasi
Morning arrive in Varanasi Railway Station meet our representative transfer to hotel. After fresh up proceeds for a city tour of Varanasi. Also enjoy the boating in river Ganges and witness the cremation sites. Visit the Bharat Mata Temple, Durga Temple, Tulsi Manas Mandir, Benaras Hindu University, Art Gallery & the Mosque of Moghul Emperor Aurangzeb. Return to the hotel for overnight stay.
Day 09: Varanasi – Sarnath – Varanasi
Surface: 24 kms (Approx)
After breakfast proceeds to Sarnath. Visit the ruins, the stupa, the Buddhist temple & the museum (closed on Fridays). At the museum is the Ashok Pillar with its four guardian lions, used as independent India’s national emblem. In the evening you are free. Return to the hotel for overnight stay.
Day 10: Varanasi – Delhi – Home
After breakfast drive to Varanasi Airport to board the flight for Delhi. Arrive in Delhi transfer to International Airport. Arrive home with wonderful memories of your tour escorted by Surya Reisedienst.
- Guided tour to Chandni Chowk and the complex of Qutub Minar, Delhi
- Day-trip to Amber Fort and Jantar Mantar, Jaipur
- Shop for some amazing handicrafts from the local bazaar of Jaipur
- Stopover at Fatehpur Sikri, en-route Agra
- View the mesmerizing sunrise during early morning visit to the Taj Mahal, Agra
- Enjoy a boat ride and the exciting evening Aarti at the Ghats of Ganga, Varanasi
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Tonight’s National Lottery Lotto jackpot could be the perfect end of the year for some lucky players.
There's an estimated £3.2m to be won on the Lotto draw tonight, Saturday, December 30.
To get the jackpot - or a share of it - players must match all six of the main numbers in the Lotto draw.
The numbers range from one to 59, and tickets cost £2.
The numbers were: 33, 37, 42, 47, 55 and 58 and the bonus ball was 34.
There's also the Millionaire raffle, which guarantees one millionaire winner at the end of the night.
The number was JADE 1915 8760.
Matching two main numbers (excluding the bonus ball) gets you a free lucky dip game; three main numbers wins £25; and four main numbers varies but is usually around £100 for four matched numbers.
Matching five of the main balls picks up an estimated £1,000; while five main numbers plus the bonus ball could scoop you around £50,000.
The draw is a separate draw with the chance to win £500,000 (which is never shared). Players win by picking five main numbers from 1 to 39 and, and one Thunderball from 1 to 14, all of which need to come up to win the main prize.
Lotto draws are made every Wednesday and Saturday, with players asked to pick six numbers ranging from one to 59.

domain: game


COLUMBUS -- Republicans in the Ohio House said Tuesday they'll remove language in Gov. John Kasich's executive budget proposal that would have shifted funding and programming for disabled children, following continued concerns from residents about the potential impact.
Speaker Cliff Rosenberger, R-Clarksville, said lawmakers would review the Ohio Department of Health's Bureau for Children with Medical Handicaps, or the BCMH, but changes would be handled in separate legislation, not the biennial operating budget.
"In a tight budget, this is one area which is important to us as a priority of the House of Representatives," Rosenberger said during an afternoon press conference at the Statehouse. " There's a lot of families out there that, it's not their fault. You've got a lot of parents out there that are worried. They're working five, six, seven jobs trying to make ends meet so that they can make sure their kids have every opportunity afforded to them. What we don't need to do is add to that."
Republican lawmakers have said publicly they don't support other provisions the governor included in his biennial budget proposal. In coming weeks, the Ohio House will offer a substitute version of the legislation, with an eye toward passage by the first week of May.
The Ohio Senate is holding its own hearings on the two-year spending plan, with a final version of the bill negotiated by the two chambers and sent to the governor's desk in advance of the start of the new fiscal year on July 1.
State law has mandated care for children with medical handicaps for nearly a century, with services administered through the BCMH.
According to testimony before lawmakers earlier this year by then-Health Director Richard Hodges, the program covers special care for residents who are uninsured, underinsured or whose insurance does not cover the services they need. Eligibility is based on family income, cost sharing, ability to pay and other factors, and there is no limit on the number of enrollees.
Hodges told the Ohio House Finance Subcommittee on Health and Human Services last month the state, in some cases, is covering residents twice, via the BCMH and the Medicaid program.
As a result, the bureau's unfunded liability has climbed to about $11 million, Hodges said.
Enrollment in BCMH programming has increased from about 30,200 in 2010 to more than 41,000 in fiscal 2015, according to information compiled by the Ohio Department of Health. And spending in the program has grown from $37.7 million in fiscal '13 to $40.1 million in fiscal '16.
According to information compiled as part of the executive budget, nearly 11,500 people younger than 21 received diagnostic services through the bureau in fiscal 2016. Close to 40,000 clients received doctors visits, medical equipment, surgeries and hospitalizations, therapy and other services.
Kasich's executive budget proposes phasing out BCMH as of next year, establishing a new program within the Ohio Department of Medicaid to cover children with medical handicaps.
Marc Kovac covers the Ohio Statehouse for GateHouse Media. Contact him at email@example.com or on Twitter at OhioCapitalBlog.


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This research paper delves into the fascinating philatelic history of the Suez Canal Company, focusing on their rare 1868 stamp collection. Through analysis and research, we explore the origins and significance of the stamps, as well as their impact on philatelic history. With a detailed examination of the stamps, this paper provides valuable insights for collectors and researchers alike. Whether you're a fan of philately or simply interested in the history of the Suez Canal Company, this paper is a must-read.
1908. Egypt 10m. Postal stationery envelope refused and returned to the sender.

domain: hobby


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Bihar Assembly Election 2020 Voting: Voting will be held on 78 seats today.
55.22 per cent people cast their votes till 5 pm in the third and final phase of assembly elections in Bihar -- a shade lower than 56.66 per cent in 2015 -- in which stakes are high for Chief Minister Nitish Kumar, who is up against multiple rivals, including former ally Chirag Paswan.At least 1,204 candidates are in fray for the 78 assembly seats spread across 19 districts, in the final phase. Voting is also being held for the Valmiki Nagar Lok Sabha seat, where a by-election was necessitated by the death of JD(U) MP Baidyanath Mahato.
Here's your 10-point cheatsheet to this big story:
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Some of the prominent candidates in this phase are the BJP's Niraj Kumar Singh in Chhatapur seat, cousin of actor Sushant Singh Rajput; Congress's Bihariganj candidate Subhashini Sharad Yadav, daughter of former Union minister Sharad Yadav and Janata Dal United's Sarairanjan candidate Vijay Kumar Choudhary, who is also the Bihar assembly Speaker.
In Araria, RJD candidate from Jokihat seat, Sarfaraz Alam, courted controvesry after he turned up for voting with a party badge pinned to his shirt, which was a violation of the model code of conduct, news agency PTI reported. The Araria District Magistrate, PTI said, has promised action against the RJD leader. Mr Alam is the elder son of former Union Minister Mohammad Taslimuddin
The JD(U) bid to retain the Valmiki Nagar parliamentary seat by fielding Baidyanath Mahato's son Sunil Kumar is facing a challenge from Congress candidate Pravesh Kumar Mishra, a journalist-turned-politician. Like Valmiki Nagar, the 78 assembly segments spread across 19 districts also fall in north Bihar, as areas falling north of the Ganges in the state are called.
Many of these areas fall in the Kosi-Seemanchal region, where the contest between the National Democratic Alliance (NDA) and the Grand Alliance will be held under the shadow of the "Owaisi factor", given that the AIMIM has fielded candidates in many of the Muslim-dominated seats here, and Hyderabad MP Asaduddin Owaisi had carried out a relatively big campaign.
As in the previous two phases, candidates of Chirag Paswan's Lok Janshakti Party (LJP) are contesting in a number of seats this time, threatening the JD(U). While the NDA looked surefooted till a few months ago, the ruling coalition seemed to have taken a more cautious note as appeals to voters came from Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Chief Minister Nitish Kumar towards the end of the campaign.
The RJD, once considered an election-winning machine in Bihar, is hoping for a comeback, enthused by the response its chief ministerial candidate Tejashwi Yadav, 31, received in his over two dozen rallies. The RJD is part of an alliance comprising its old ally, the Congress, besides the Left parties.
This morning, Prime Minister Narendra Modi made an appeal to voters to "set a new record" as polling began in the final phase. PM Modi, who attended 12 rallies during the campaign, had come out with an open letter addressed to the people of the state on Thursday saying he "needed" Nitish Kumar in the state so that the development of Bihar continued unhindered.
Some 2.34 crore voters spread across the 78 assembly constituencies will vote today. The full strength of the Bihar assembly is 243. The voting percentage in the second phase on 94 seats was 55.70 per cent. The votes will be counted on November 10.
In the second phase held on November 3, 94 seats were up for election, a chunk of them were BJP's strongholds in north Bihar. The key candidates included Tejashwi Yadav and his brother Tej Pratap Yadav.
Despite warnings by "extreme cynics" about holding the Bihar assembly election amid the COVID-19 pandemic, the situation so far was reasonably good with two phases of voting completed, Chief Election Commissioner Sunil Arora said on Thursday. "There was no dearth of sceptics, no dearth of cynics, no dearth of extreme cynics who were making doomsday predictions for us. But here we are so far in a reasonably good shape," he said.


Visit the Energy Systems Laboratory Homepage.
Mass and Heat Recovery
MetadataShow full item record
In the last few years heat recovery was under spot and in air conditioning fields usually we use heat recovery by different types of heat exchangers. The heat exchanging between the exhaust air from the building with the fresh air to the building (air to air heat exchanger). In my papers I use (water to air heat exchanger) as a heat recovery and I use the water as a mass recovery. The source of mass and heat recovery is the condensate water which we were dispose and connect it to the drain lines.
Hindawai, S. M. (2010). Mass and Heat Recovery. Energy Systems Laboratory (http://esl.tamu.edu); Texas A&M University (http://www.tamu.edu). Available electronically from


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Video: iPhone 5 Renderings Based on Leaked Parts
by Erick Diaz
Again, nothing against the design, but it would strike me to see Apple sell an iPhone with this back metal piece in the middle, with a color that doesn’t match the rest of the phone. It could happen, and maybe when I see one in person I’ll think it’s the coolest thing ever, but it’s just weird to me for some reason. Go to the site to see a photo gallery of the renderings for the iPhone.

domain: design


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Having a job or dependable source of income before you move to Prunedale is best. Job turnover is generally lower in this part of the county, although commercial investment and residential growth are picking up.
A little bit of city with a little bit of country
Prunedale is what many refer to as a semi-rural community. It has a great shopping area, but finding that second or third shoe store or niche market may require a bit of travel. In general, however, most shopping can be done either in Prunedale or Salinas.
Have patience, will travel
New construction is underway on U.S. 101 to alleviate bottleneck congestion during rush hour. Not surprisingly, fair weather is when most work is done. So sit back, enjoy the blue sky and remember: it'll make the driving experience that much smoother later.
If you are looking for luxury high-rise apartments or that gotta-have one-bedroom apartment, you may be disappointed. With the exception of private residences within homes, Prunedale does not offer apartment complexes. That isn't to say that places to rent aren't available. There are a number of comfortable, well-designed homes for rent in Prunedale, usually offered privately through rental agencies or representatives.
Prunedale, an unincorporated census-designated area, lies seven miles north of Salinas and 21 miles south of Gilroy, at the intersection of U.S. Highway 101 (South Valley Freeway) and Route 156 (Cabrillo Highway). The two highways join just south of the town center. Prunedale comprises residential neighborhoods with a principal commercial district fronting Highway 101/156 at the center of the community. Other businesses can also be found throughout the area.
North Prunedale: North Prunedale is made up of private homes with spacious acreage intermingled with the occasional light industrial and farming area. It is connected to the north by U.S. 101/156 and by some small backroads to the southwest.
West Prunedale: Farming areas skirt the west boundary of town, intersected by San Miguel Canyon Road, which converts to a crossroad for luxury high-end homes as it skirts past Royal Park. If you're looking to get out and away from the center of town, this could be it, although shopping will take a dedicated effort, and a car is largely necessary.
Central Prunedale: 'Going shopping' in Prunedale may seem pretty conservative if you're used to, say, New York City. But pretty much everything can be found at the center of town, just off of U.S. 101/156. Restaurants and older shopping malls front the east edge of Manzanita County Park - the principal, loosely manicured green space at the center of the town. The west side of the park is rimmed by older ranch homes and scenic winding roads that connect with outlying estates and cul-de-sacs or disappear into the park. A small mobile home park lies on the east side of U.S. 101/156, along with moderate-size homes on well-designed paved streets.
South Prunedale: Residential development includes a well-maintained mobile home park at the south-central tip of the community and attractive streets sporting smallish single detached homes. Getting to Salinas or nearby Castroville is a breeze from this area.
East Prunedale: Small winding streets with large comfortable homes are spread out across Southeast Prunedale, offering many places to look for your dream house to rent. Northeast Prunedale, however, is more mountainous, and while it offers great window scenery, has few, if any, roads.
The community has two county parks that serve as the primary community recreation areas. Manzanita County Park has trails and sports areas that are open during daylight hours. Royal Oaks County Park has open spaces and trails as well. Other green spaces such as Kirby Park, Moss Landing Wildlife Reserve (of which a small portion resides within Prunedale's boundaries) and Elkhorn Slough Preserve (outside of Prunedale) are within an easy drive of any portion of the town.
Contiguous roads rim the outskirts of the unincorporated area, changing names every few miles. It is possible to drive almost the entire circumference, with the exception of the area surrounding Kirby Park at the northwest corner.
Part of the fun of moving to Prunedale is experiencing Monterey County history. A few include Gilroy Garlic Festival during last weekend of July, wine tours in Salinas Valley, Monarch butterflies season in Pacific Grove (October) and the National Steinbeck Center in Salinas.


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Not too long ago, I was complaining about the plot being too wet. Well, now it is much too dry! I can only hope that there will be some showers in April. The ground takes twice as long to work, but we haven’t let it stop us from planting more seeds. Compost was once again added into the soil and worked in. Our clay soil is a bit like a crumble mix. The clay is the butter, the soil is the sugar and the compost is the flour; we need all three for the perfect sowing conditions.
The third row of our first plot has been planted with baby carrots and parsnips. We have only planted half a row of each per row to try and avoid a glut. We will plant more of these in a few weeks time to ensure a staggered crop.
Last year, part of the right side of the plot was not used and thus remained neglected. Unfortunately only two plots were planted up on the right side of the allotment; these were pumpkins and lettuce. The front quarter remained empty. This year, we have prepared some of the previously neglected right side and planted some potatoes; as they are great for breaking up the soil and did a great job of doing so on the left side previously.
We have used Royal Majesty (purple heritage variety) and some white potatoes (Cultra). Some of the Royal Majesty seed potatoes were quite large, so these were cut in half and the open end was left to dry for a few days before planting. A new skin had formed over a previously exposed potato.
Tom’s office has now become a greenhouse. The window is perfect for germination as it has sunlight for most of the day, although he is fast running out of room and there is still much more to plant! The Black Russian, Yellow Delight and Midnight Snack tomatoes are have all been potted on and will make their way to the allotment soon. All twelve Gherkins have germinated, so we will probably give some of those away. The various Chilli Peppers have also has a high success rate of germination so some of those will probably be given away as well.
Speaking of greenhouses, this was tucked away at the back of my Mum’s shed. I had been looking into getting a cold frame recently, so this popped up at the right time. It fits perfectly under the window box, the front of the shed gets the most hours of daylight as well so there was no better place for it.
Currently germinating in the greenhouse are:
– Various sweet peas varieties
– Sweetcorn “Incredible”
– Lemon Cucumber
– Crystal Apple Cucumber
– Marigold “Boy o’ Boy” (French, Orange)
– Sunflower “Valentine” (Pale Yellow)
– Uchiki Kuri
– Giant Pumpkin “Atlantic”
– Orange pumpkin (unsure of the specific variety)
– Kohl Rabi (Purple)
– Cape Gooseberry “Golden Berry”
– Green Peas (unsure of the specific variety)
– Purple Dwarf French Beans “Amethyst”
– Yellow French Beans “Polka”
The sweet peas will be planted out sometime in the next week or two. The tomatoes and various other plants from Tom’s walk in greenhouse will make their way over to the little allotment greenhouse.
The days are much longer now and I sometimes find myself spending 6 or 7 hours at the allotment. The time really does fly by, although at the moment there aren’t really many places we can go to.
I know this is still a strange time for us all, but better days are coming.
This too shall pass.

domain: agronomy


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|Made To Order||N|
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Unmatched Comfort On And Off The Court
From the Non-Skid, to the Chuck Taylor All Star, to the Chuck 70 Hi.
The Converse Chuck 70 Hi has a rich heritage that dates back to its humble beginnings as the 'Non-Skids' for basketball players in 1917. When the legendary Charles H. Taylor, aka 'Chuck Taylor,' joined forces with Converse to create the ultimate basketball shoe, the pair got reintroduced as the Chuck Taylor All Star in 1922. A sneaker that quickly gained popularity among basketball players for its innovative canvas upper and rubber sole. Over the years, the design evolved, and in 1970, the Chuck 70 Hi was born. An enhanced version of its forerunner with upgraded materials and construction to adapt to the needs of everyday wear.
With its OrthoLite cushioned insole and breathable canvas uppers, the current design doesn't compromise when it comes to comfort. It provides excellent support through shock absorption, and its proper airflow keeps your feet cool and dry throughout the day. Whether you hit the hardwood court, stroll the city streets or dance the night away, the Chuck 70 Hi ensures maximum comfort with every step