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You wake up after a night and there is this huge red blob on the side of your neck and there is nothing you can do to get rid of it. You prepare yourself for all the teasing that are on their way from your friends. Well, hickeys, as they are conventionally called, are the kiss marks or the love bites that are the result of an aggressive yet passionate biting, kissing or even sucking on the skin. Many couples tend to enjoy giving and even on the receiving it and “mark-up” their significant other.
Our body has several numbers of blood vessels which are crucial for the transportation of the blood. Hickeys are simply the clotted blood that is the result of the bruised blood vessel which further results in discoloration of the skin. With the passing days, the mark tends to change colours from red to brown or a deep purple before finally healing completely. Hickeys are a result of a heat-of-the-moment kind of thing and that is what results in the bruise.
But how long these hickeys do last is definitely a matter of great concern.
The duration the hickey lasts:
The time a hickey needs to heal properly varies from person to person and never has a fixed amount of time because every person’s healing depends on how their body works although the healing time can be decreased with some other remedies.
• Without any remedy:
It has been very widely noted that the hickey can last up to 10 to 14 days, depending on the amount of pressure and passion put into making the love bite. If the hickey is left to be cured on its own, it may take a longer time to disappear, and you might have to wear the turtlenecks for a longer duration to hide them.
• With remedy:
There are several natural remedies which can quicken up the healing process of the hickey, and the mark is noted to be visibly gone in under a week or so. Some of the tricks and treats to help get rid of the hickey marls are listed below.
Application of ice:
It has been priorly mentioned that the hickeys are simply bruises that tend to happen when a blood vessel is ruptured and thus needs to be treated like another bruise. One of the most effective ways to treat the hickeys is cold compress. Application of ice packs to the bruised area helps in healing the broken and ruptured capillaries and thereby diminishes the bleeding and hence the clotting of the blood. The application of ice not only helps with the pain of the hickey but also helps in reducing the swelling of the area. Application of spoons frozen in the refrigerator to the affected area of the hickey can help in making the hickey fade away faster.
Application of Aloe Vera:
Aloe Vera is very well known for its moisturizing, and anti-inflammatory properties and application of aloe vera over the affected area not only reduces the swelling but also helps in the colour of the hickey to fade away faster and even moisturize and smoothen the skin surrounding the area of the bruise.
Massage the area:
Massaging the area surrounding the hickey is yet another way to make the hickey mark fade faster. The application of pressure through the massages are a great way to bring the blood flow back to normal and proper blood circulation is the key to having the bruise heal faster.
Application of heat:
Just like the cold application, heat application works the same way by helping the muscles surrounding the hickey relax which in turn opens up the blood vessels and thereby regulating the blood circulation of the body.
Keep the area above the heart elevated:
If the hickey is on the neck, sleeping on a pillow or two, making sure the head is a bit elevated can restrict the blood from pooling around the neck region which can be a bit helpful to make the hickey fade faster.
Intake of Vitamin C and Vitamin K:
A lack of Vitamins and irons can delay the healing of the bruise and thereby supplementing the lack of these can quicken the healing rate of the hickey. Oranges and any citrus fruits are highly suggested.
Are hickeys harmful?
In simple words, hickeys are simply the bruises that bring you “pleasure”. But are they harmful? Well, it might not be of big concern if the hickey is not that much worse and a simple and a light bruise but anything worse than that can lead to many problems ranging from the restricted blood flow to even improper blood circulation which can be fatal for the health of the person.
To summarize it all:
Hickeys can be of varying sizes and that depends on the amount of force or pressure that is put into the sucking or biting of the skin which in turn causes the capillaries in the underlying endoderm to rupture, and the blood seeps out to the neighbouring tissues and forms the clot which we see as hickeys. The amount of time the hickeys stay depends on the body of the person and how fast their body reacts to the healing process. The process can be quickened with the application of several natural remedies like hot or cold compress to the area surrounding it or even Aloe Vera or oranges are quite effective in making the marks fade away faster.
A hickey may last up to 7 to 14 days on an average if left as it is. Hickeys can be sometimes pleasurable and fun but at times can be embarrassing and even inappropriate in front of family and business people, so it is always preferable to ask for your partner’s permission before you go on attacking them and marking them up. Hickeys may not seem dangerous but severe cases have been reported of fatal occurrences, even death because of these due to accumulation of the blood resulting in restricted blood flow to the different organs of the body.

domain: medical


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Four months after “Safe Harbor” was declared illegal, the deadline for reaching a new data transfer deal between Europe and the United States will likely pass next week with no solution.
During the transition period, companies operating in Europe were still allowed to transfer personal information and save it in U.S. data centers. But as the January 31 deadline looms, many firms that cooperate with U.S. service providers could face hefty penalties, including some German companies.
Big questions must be answered before an agreement can be reached. Is the Internet a borderless place? Who decides the data quid pro quo between companies and their customers? Representatives from the E.U.'s 28 national agencies that deal with data protection must come to an agreement Tuesday, or risk sinking tens of thousands of companies into a legal quagmire.
Even ahead of the agreement's expiration, companies that invoke Safe Harbour are already coming under pressure. Sabre, a leading U.S.-based travel-booking network, is used by nearly a quarter of travel agents throughout Germany to book thousands of flights, cruises, hotel reservations and car rentals. The problem is, once a reservation is booked, the personal information of German customers can end up in a data center in Texas.
Companies here are left to fend for themselves and exchange information with their subsidiaries, branches or partners in a manner that adheres to data protection. Marco Lenck,, head of the German SAP users group
Beginning next month, companies that transfer data based on Safe Harbour — which the European Court of Justice annulled last October — could be fined up to €300,000, or about $330,000, according to Andreas Schulz, a data protection expert at Bitkom, Germany’s digital industry association.
That prompted Marija Linnhoff, head of the Association of Independent Travel Agencies, to urge German travel agents who used Sabre to change their “booking system provider.”
Writing in his blog this week, the head of Sabre in Germany, Rainer Schäfer, countered that his company was using the European Commission’s standard contractual clauses as a legal foundation, not the invalidated Safe Harbour agreement. The E.U. Commission has stressed that other legal mechanisms are still valid.
But in view of the vast powers of the U.S. National Security Agency (NSA), both German and European data protection authorities believe these clauses, corporate rules and other means of data transfer now hang in the balance.
In ruling against Safe Harbour, Europe’s top court cited revelations by NSA whistleblower Edward Snowden. The court said U.S. intelligence was basically allowed to access electronic communications, which violated the “basic right to respect for privacy.”
A Sabre spokesperson said the company was “keeping an eye on the legal situation.”
The issue is raising concern in numerous sectors. Bitkom, for instance, warns that other data transfer regulations don’t offer legal security after the switch from Safe Harbor.
The DSAG organization of German SAP users, whose members include many blue-chip DAX-listed companies, has also sounded the alarm.
“Companies here are left to fend for themselves and exchange information with their subsidiaries, branches or partners in a manner that adheres to data protection,” said Marco Lenck, head of the SAP users group. “A new agreement is absolutely necessary and must be drawn up in time.”
But just days before the deadline, a solution is nowhere in sight. Only a new agreement that takes into consideration the top court’s ruling can achieve this, said Germany’s justice minister Heiko Maas this week. So far, U.S. negotiators have refused changes that would appease their European counterparts.
Big U.S. IT providers have already taken precautions, and not only because of skepticism they faced after the NSA spying scandal.
Microsoft is saving the data of European customers in Ireland and plans to set up a trustee model in Germany, with Deutsche Telekom as the safeguard for data.
Other providers, such as Cisco, Salesforce and Huawei, set up shop in a huge IT factory near Magdeburg in 2014, while Amazon has a data center in Frankfurt.
As a new agreement seems far off, many companies like Sabre are feeling the heat. Its European rival, Amadeus, is probably delighted: The Bad Homburg-based company has a new data processor and business is picking up. Another provider of booking systems, Bewotec, is also hurrying into the foray, assuring that its data is kept solely in Düsseldorf.
Meantime, the German government’s policy is not helping companies. Talks were last held earlier this month at the economics ministry in Berlin. They were headed by the state secretary, Matthias Machnig of the center-left Social Democrats, with representatives of commerce and data protection authorities, but yielded no results.
A government statement merely said that it had told the E.U. Commission and United States to seek a “swift deal on a new Safe Harbour Agreement.”
That’s little solace for companies like Sabre, which already are caught in rough waters.

domain: law


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Bone Cave Hunting in the Wye Valley, A history of cave archaeology in the Symonds Yat area
Oxford, Park End Street and the Forest Of Dean
Coleford Congregational, (From 1972 - Coleford United Reformed Church)
Littledean Congregational Church, (From 1972 Littledean United Reformed Church)
Captain Mayne Reid (1818 - 1883), adventurer and storyteller (a footnote in the history of the Forest)
'Oh Mr Office of Woods' Make Us A Road!
David Mushet and his contribution to the 'map that changed the world'
Forest miners and the growth of trade unions, part 1, 1860-1890

domain: library


text:
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My height is 5.3 cm n weight is 84 kg. I have a big belly with umbilical hernia after c section. In the delivery period I gained a weight of 25 kg. Can I do liposuction? Bt am still feeding fr my 1 n 3/4 aged kid.
Am health conscious. Doing regular workouts. So started diets also in healthy manner. Already avoided tea coffee, sugar, substituted rice mostly with country millets, taking lot of veggies water and no ill habits at all. Now am planning to substitute a meal with fresh fruits and veg salads or with boiled egg and sprouts. In simple to say a meal without cooking or just boiled in water. My question is which is right time to do it either for breakfast or for dinner. Fruits, salads and sprouts suits for which meal? Thanks in advance doctors and dieticians.
I have fungal infection on my head, which causes me hair fall & dandruff. Even my dad & grand ma had, is this is a hereditary problem, will it continue.
Hi. Last week I went through circumscnse surgery .after surgery their is no pain but somewhat swelling is their .their is no bandage I removed it and I am doing daily bath .it's almost one week complete but swelling is their .is this is common or not.
My father is 83 yrs old, recently he is started forgetting incidents, names, person etc. What should be done?
My wife has itching problem near vaginal areas always, but it worsen during summer. She gets more itching after sex. Please suggest cure.
Sleep is the most essential part of our lives because it is the time when our body gets rejuvenated and recharged. However, due to numerous reasons, quite a few individuals fail to achieve proper sleep or any sleep at all. This condition in which a person is unable to sleep at night can be termed as insomnia.
Causes of insomnia
There can be varied reasons for different people that can cause insomnia.
- Unhealthy lifestyle i.e. improper sleep cycle, improper food habits, untimely naps, substance abuse etc.
- Medical conditions like sinus allergies, gastrointestinal problems, endocrine problems, arthritis, asthma, neurological condition like Parkinson’s disease, chronic back pain etc.
- Psychological conditions like depression and anxiety
- Certain medications aimed to cure other health problems
In case of the treatable medical reasons, insomnia is gone once the problem is treated. However, for people who have no idea as to why they suffer from insomnia, here are certain tips that can help in fighting it.
Lifestyle changes to cure insomnia
Starting with a significant lifestyle change can be a great way to change one’s sleep cycles and get a good night’s sleep.
- Maintain a proper and healthy diet, with more fruits and vegetables and less carbs and fat.
- Try to sleep and wake up at the same time everyday (despite the fact that you may not feel sleepy). This will train the body and regulate the body clock.
- Avoid afternoon naps or any short naps during the day.
- Exercise daily for at least 30 minutes.
- Avoid caffeine as it has contains properties that keeps a person up for long hours.
- Avoid intake of alcohol and nicotine. Although alcohol is associated with fun and partying, it is actually a depressant and causes improper sleep.
- Avoid any meal right before bed time.
Tips that can help
- Take a good, warm shower right before sleep.
- Ask your partner to give you a nice massage before bedtime.
- Restrict bed activities to sleep and sex only, nothing more.
- Make a really comfortable and inviting sleep environment.
- Try and get rid of all your worries before going to bed.
- Reduce stress using a number of stress reduction therapies like meditation, deep breathing, progressive muscle relaxation techniques, etc.
Apart from the lifestyle changes and the tips that will help you gain a better sleep, there is another therapy, which may be useful. It is called the cognitive behavioural therapy. This therapy can give essential knowledge about sleep and help achieve normal sleep routines. Consult an expert & get answers to your questions!
I have a black skintone on my neck. How to improve my skintone without any aide effects? what are the treatments? how much it cost? can I improve my skin tone on my neck naturally. Please suggest me.
Hi Sir / madam my age is 23 old my problem is hair loss I am very in problem mujhe koi advise dijiye jisse mere hair na tute
I'm sweating all over again and again. Please help me. Is it because of blood pressure? Please give me a good solution. Thank you.
I am suffering from Diabetes since last 4 years, inspite of using medication it is not under control, my hb1ac is 9.5, all cholesterol levels are normal, I do not smoke nor drink, am a sometimes heavy eater.
I haven't been able to sleep since 2 days and I am having a severe headache, tried multiple home remedies, but didn't work, what to do? Please help me!
I am 25 age. Hair loose for the last 3 year. Facing dandruff issue. 100 to 200 hair lose every day. Realy worried about this and tried many oils and natural medicine. Still I am worried.
What are eating disorders? There are three well known eating disorders, anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and binge eating. Anorexia comes from the greek words An & Orexia meaning without appetite. It is a disorder characterized by an obsessive desire to lose weight by refusing to eat. Bulimia is a disorder that is characterized by the need to expel the food you have consumed. Binge eating on the other hand is the need to consume excess food to the extent that you become obese.
Here are some Do’s and Don’ts while recovering from an eating disorder:
Realize there isn’t a quick solution to it
Recovery takes time. You cannot expect to see results the next day. Be patient and eventually you will get the results that you want.
Write in a Journal
Verbalizing your feelings can often help ease the tension you feel. When you write down what you feel it can help you come to term with the situation. Which is a step closer to recovering.
Do something helpful for someone else
When you do something helpful for someone else and they appretiate your work, it increases your self-esteem. This in turn increases your confidence and gives you a more positive attitude.
Don’t ignore the problem
Pretending like there is nothing wrong doesn’t help you. Acknowledge the problem and take the necessary steps towards recovery
Don’t avoid feelings
Don’t be afraid to talk about how you feel through your recovery. Vocalizing your feelings can help you and those around you realize how your recovery is going.
Stay away from situations and food items which are triggers. This will reduce the stress or tension you might be feeling because of them.

domain: health


text:
Feeling Good School Staff App
Feeling Good School Staff App with SAS
Feeling Good App: SAS is pleased to be able to give you free access to this proven, audio app which boosts key skills for mental wellbeing, aiding recovery and building resilience. Derived from Olympic sports coaching it not only improves mental health but also performance in work and social settings, improving quality of life and job satisfaction. This support is available to all staff working at schools insured by SAS staff absence insurance as part of our Whole School Wellbeing Package.
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How it Works: Within a skills, positive Psychology wellness model, it combines a programme of resources building resilience and wellbeing as well as aiding recovery from stress, anxiety, depression and improving sleep. Workplace studies show it significantly reduces burnout & cynicism, increases efficacy (graph opposite) and builds confidence, focus & vitality.
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domain: psychology


This Tuesday morning, the 30th, a meeting held at the Lagiato City Hall office confirmed the start of the work in collaboration with the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), which helps improve the response protocols of the municipality and the region. Natural disasters.
In an online conversation with the agency's technical assistance advisor, Senior Lieutenant Colonel Paulo José Barbosa de Sousa of the Brasilia Army Fire Department, it was decided that companies in the region would have an online course. Training will be conducted with the first exercise called “Incident Command System”.
“This system is a tool we use to work on what is called disaster management. One part focuses on management and the other on operations. The system helps us measure, qualify and improve people's assistance to respond to disaster situations,” Sousa said.
After the historic floods in September 2023 the Lt Col was in Lajiado and organized meetings with municipal departments in December to ascertain the local situation and training needs.
“Our idea is to train our city, our teams and our organizations, so that we know what to do and how to act when faced with new crisis situations. We need to be ready, this training is only the beginning of this work. We will expand the training to other municipalities so that the crisis We will all be organized to act in times,” said Acting Mayor Glucia Schumacher.
The first online course offered on the USAID digital platform will be offered to 200 people who are part of municipal institutions and work with the administration in emergency situations: municipal secretariats, military force, fire department, police civil, federal highway police, criminal police, public ministry, Univates, press, Samu and Unimed, Alcepro, Water Support Volunteers, Regional Civil Defense and Security Coordinators (Creptec) and the Gaucha Association for Rescue, Rescue and Fire Volunteers (Asgrescia) ) In addition to these organizations, the Civil Defense from the local micro-region was also invited: besides Lajiado, Guapore, Estrela , Venancio Aires, Arroyo do Meo, Roca Sales, Passo do Soprato and Encantado.
The course should begin in mid-February, and members of the 200-strong class have already been defined. After this group, a new class will be opened, in which representatives of municipalities that are members of the Association of Municipalities of Vale do Daquari (AMVAT) and Alto Daquari (Amat) will be invited.
“To be more efficient in our operations, we must work together in an organized way. Lieutenant Colonel Paolo Jose has already worked in disasters like Brumadino, commanded the National Civil Defense, and has a lot of knowledge to share,” explains Paolo Locatelli, Lagiato's Secretary of Public Security.
In addition to this training, USAID will hold virtual and in-person meetings with a local team responsible for conducting work in the region. The local committee consists of Mayor, Glacia Schumacher, Secretary Locatelli, Community and Institutional Relations Coordinator of the municipality, Günter Meyer, and USAID representatives, Melissa Couto, a psychologist specializing in disasters, and Colonel Romeu Rodrigues da Cruz Grandchild.
The agency is an organization of the US government that works in international humanitarian and development efforts to save lives, reduce poverty, strengthen democratic governments, and help people move beyond aid. It is responsible for disbursing most foreign aid, following the guidelines of the US State Department.
“Internet evangelist. Writer. Hardcore alcoholaholic. Tv lover. Extreme reader. Coffee junkie. Falls down a lot.”


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Thus, trying minors as adults allows culpability to determine the degree and severity of punishment rather than whether or not an individual committed a crime the day before or the day after. Many of the advocates speaking on Thursday said they were fighting for comprehensive reform that would protect all minors, regardless of their age and the severity of their crime, from being arrested, charged or tried as adults. tried as adults trying juveniles as adults history minors being. 960 x 400 jpeg 41 КБ.Youths Tried as Adults Trying Juveniles as Adults History Minors 394 x 454 gif 26 КБ. forensicpsychologist.blogspot.com. An Argument Against Trying Minors as Adults.1,018 words. 2 pages. An Analysis of Trying Juveniles as Adults and Placing Them into Adult Institutions. There are generally two criteria used for when minors should be tried as adults. These criteria are the age of the minor and the gravity of the crime. Many people feel that minors who commit really terrible crimes should not be able to Can a minor sue a minor? Is US trying to take over Syria? Why should the US focus on minority rights? What is only legal for minors in the US?What are bullied children like as adults? Do adults watch One Piece? I am a minor. But your ideas situation may be minors tried as adults essay writer Patch is a crystalline limpid of unrelated paragraphs and relevant programs and more than 3 First of all, minors believe, and the statistics show that the system lets the juveniles off easy because they have not yet reached adulthood.Of the 20,000 juvenile delinquency cases that went to court, only one fourth were tried as adults in a criminal court (Snyder 1). Also, of the 5,000 minors who Citing data from the New Jersey Administrative Office of the Court, the youngest of the 692 minors "waived up" to be tried as adults in New Jersey were 14 years old when they were charged. Should Juveniles Be Tried as Adults? An opinion piece by Professor Terry Maroney. When Juveniles Are Tried in Adult Criminal Court | Nolo.com.Usually, juvenile cases that are subject to waiver involve more serious crimes, or minors who have been in trouble before.
if you think that one minor can be tried as an adult, why not all of them? of juvenile crime study source written by laurence steinberg called "should juveniles be tried as adults Minors tried as Adults - Crime Essay Example.Minors tried as adults have more exposure to hardened adult criminal lifestyles than those who have been tried as a juvenile. Trial as an adult is a situation in which a juvenile offender is tried as if they were an adult. Where specific protections exist for juvenile offenders (such as suppression of an offenders name or picture or a closed courtroom where the proceedings are not made public), these protections may be waived. When a child is found guilty or pleads guilty in adult court and is sentenced as an adult, that child is forever considered an adult for the future violations of state law. In some cases, minors can be tried as adults.
Because the government wants t have it both ways. But its not all bad. At least if youre tried as an adult you get a real trial, instead of just having a kangaroo court judge decide if he thinks you did it or not. A canny defense lawyer should, upon hearing that the prosecutor wants to try a minor as an adult, request that if the defendant is found not guilty then the defendant should get all the other rights and privileges of being an adult. As be tried adults never minors should.Rates of Sexting Among Minors. Read whether others think they should be tried as adults in court Disclaimer: Should They Apply to Minors? Видеоматериал для подготовки реферата, курсовой работы или исследования. Which is why I decided to do my presentation on minors being tried as adults.Body 1. why should minors who commit serious crimes be charged as adults? If they act like an adult they should be treated as an adult -Why should minors get preferences? On one hand, I would like to believe that we should treat minors as minors every time, but I feel like I have seem other times when minors are tried as adults and even mostly feminist/left-leaning people seem to feel that its the right decision. Should someone who is a minor be able to be tried as an adult(serve adult time, have a record for life ECT? If so, what crimes would you consider sever enough for them to be tried as adults? What is the YOUNGEST age that trying as an adult should even be an option? Should there be no distinction between "minors" and "adults"? Should minors get the same rights as adults?How about trying adults as minors in court for childish/foolish acts that adults do? adult as minors trying. resolution: 285X200. volume: 24 КБ.name: adult-as-minors-trying-0.jpeg. download. Перевод контекст "minors, adult" c английский на русский от Reverso Context: The groups are as follows: older persons, minors, adult men and women. Seattle Law For Minors Being Tried As Adults.Since these charges were violent in nature, though, these teens were tried as adults. Rating is available when the video has been rented. This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. Should as minors never tried be adults.
Does circumcision ruin a boys sex life? Here are eleven ways to strengthen your. Minors tried as adults - crime essay example trying teens as adults in the united states, children are treated as different. When Can Minors be Tried as Adults? A multitude of factors can lead a minor to be tried in adult court. Most states do not have any age limit for charging minors as adults if they have committed a particularly serious crime such as murder. Hannah Mr. Elenbaas Advanced Composition 8 January 2014. Should Minors be Tried as Adults? There is much controversy over the issue of whether a child should be tried as an adult if convicted of a violent crime. Minors who commit violent societal crimes should be tried in the exact manner and have the same sentenced imposed as would an adult in likeI think that they should be tried as adults on half of the stuff they do. I also believe that any minor should be tried as an adult if that minor commits murder. after reading this story about a few bored teenagers who randomly killed a guy, it made me wonder if minors should be tried as adults. in the usa at least i know those under 18 have been tried as adults for especially heinous crimes. This is the blog of the students taking Developmental Neuroscience of Adolescence - where we will discuss issues related to the papers we read and presentations we give in class. Trying Minors as Adults. There are many different opinions on this highly sensitive argument but as I like to say, Old enough to do the crime, old enough to do the time.. Which is why I decided to do my presentation on minors being tried as adults. D. Preview: Today I am going to tell you : 1. If a minor act like an adult they should be treated as an adult 2. No little kid has the malice to commit a tough crime 3. The death of a human being does not change. After nearly every state made it easier to try minors as adults in the 1980s and 90s, several states are taking steps to send them to juvenile court. Thats a more productive and less costly approach. Yes, minors should be tried as adults. Minors know the meaning of death they know it is a permanent condition. Minors know it is wrong to harm or kill another individual. The current debate over juvenile crime is being dominated by two voices: officials proposing quick-fix solutions, and a media more intent on reporting violent crimes than successful prevention efforts. Minors should never be tried as adults in our society today. Sadly, over the past several decades, record numbers of minors have been tried as adults and placed in the adult prison system.After all, incarcerated juveniles need the same things that any teen needs to enter healthy adulthood Whether or not you agree to invoke the waiver petition depends on which side of the fence you are on. But the fact remains that trying minors as adults has its share of pros and cons. Trying Minors as Adults Host Tavis Smiley talks with regular commentator Connie Rice about a California law recently upheld by the states Supreme Court that allows prosecutors to decide whether to charge minors as adults. Minors should not be tried as adults in court because they lose the chance at receiving rehabilitation services, the recidivism rate is higher, and the stigma of a criminal past on an adults life. Mostly black minors requested to be prosecuted as adults, a WNYC analysis found when comparing the US juvenile detention system with that in Germany. Though most states in the United States have statutes that allow for minors to be tried as adults under certain circumstances, New York and North Carolina alone prosecute those 16 and up as adults as a matter of course. Minors Tried as Adults. January 14, 2010.Do you have what it takes to be tried as an adult? The author of Juvenile Criminals Must Be Tried As Adults, Jessica Wilde, explains that minors who commit murder should be tried as adults. With the recent rape of a four-year old in Delhi allegedly by juveniles, there is a growing clamour to treat juveniles between the age group of 16-18 years, accused of heinous crimes, as adults. If youre going to begin trying minors as adults, you have to be able to draw a definitive line between when a person "knows better" and can make good decisions for themselves.There are already lots of cases of minors tried as adults. Juveniles could be tried in adult courts. In California, minors who are arrested for committing a crime are generally not treated the same as adults.Minors ages 14 to 17 may be tried as adults in a California Superior Court through any of the following procedures Adults be tried never minors should as. Sentenced as an adult, hes serving 10 years 14-2-2014 11 of American adults have used an online dating site or a mobile dating app Lesbian, gay This Essay Try Minors as Adults and other 63,000 term papers, college essay examples and free essays are available now on ReviewEssays.com. Autor: reviewessays September 28, 2010 Essay 1,457 Words (6 Pages) 519 Views.
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domain: sociology


text:
Recipe by Arun Kapil
From: Four Live
This Persian inspired dish is so quick to make, pretty healthy and plays on all sorts of taste and flavour sensations
I love making crumbles. They're really simple and with little effort you end up with a deliciously comforting bowl of fruity, sweet loveliness.
From: The Afternoon Show
A delicious light snack.
Refreshing, perfumed, colourful, decadent and fun…
A truly reviving, thirst quenching drink.
A classic dish with a twist!
An unusual, but delicous, take on ice-cream sundaes.
This drink's sweetness revives and the ginger refreshes.
This is a really fragrant, spiced, creamy, lemony sandwich Indian style, perfect fast food! Satisfying and full of flavour.
Good things come to those who wait and today Arun will be completing the Four Live Christmas Cake with a gorgeous almond paste that will be sure to impress your Christmas visitors
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domain: food


We're looking to start a garden on the 'weedless gardening' ideas.
any input on how this works, or if it does work?
Principles - don't disturb the soil to expose seeds, pile on compost/mulch every year to smother weeds.
I'm pretty sure that weed-free gardening doesn't exist...
The idea behind putting a layer of seed-free compost on top of the garden is that annual weed seeds only germinate within about 2" of the soil's surface. Seeds that are buried deeper than that just lay around waiting for a chance to get near the surface. So the annual weeds are minimized by covering the garden with mulch. However, the wind blows weed seeds into the garden. The birds drop seeds into the garden complete with a bit of fertilizer for each seed. The irrigation water brings seeds into my garden. And any plant that is allowed to grow in the garden may produce propagules. Some weed varieties produce several generations of seed per year. So first thing in the spring, a layer of compost can really minimize the annual weeds. Nevertheless, this method still requires regular weeding to keep the weeds that do show up from multiplying.
Perennial weeds are perfectly happy sending up shoots through many inches of mulch. People sometimes put a layer of cardboard onto the garden and then cover that with mulch, hoping that the cardboard will stop or slow down the perennials.
Mulch is often quite coarse. That can make weeding more difficult, because you might end up crawling along pulling weeds by hand instead of standing up and using a weeding tool like a standard hoe or a wheeled hoe. Fine textured mulch on top of rocky soil makes weeding much easier.
Weedless gardening is just the title. In reality, it means drastically reduced weeds. You supposedly can limit your weeding to a few minutes a week or so. The author claims that sufficient early mulching (even using compost as mulch) will leave lower seeds dormant, whereas tilling - which seems to get rid of weeds - actually just turns up enormous quantities of weeds and destroys the fine soil structure - including layers of beneficial humus, micro-organisms and capillary water veins.
Has anyone tried this?
Location: Cache Valley, zone 4b, Irrigated, 9" rain in badlands.
My sister does her garden that way... It's a lot of expense and work to buy and install the compost. First thing in the spring her garden looks great. By the end of the season she has let her busy life, full of school age children, keep her from doing sufficient maintenance weeding. By fall it looks like any other weedy garden. She has rocky soil, so applying the compost goes a long way to making weeding easier.
Gotta vet the compost properly. My brother tried it on his garden, but the compost must have been full of herbicides or undecomposed wood, because his garden failed that year.
As far as I can tell, tilling only brings large quantities of weed seeds to the surface if they are there to start with. If weeds are not allowed to go to seed in a garden then they are not contributing seeds to the soil. If you are only dealing with wind blown and animal transported seeds then that's easy weeding.
This same sort of scenario is achieved in my garden by shallow cultivation. During the growing season I don't turn the soil over. I am careful to only disturb the top 1/4" to 1/2" of soil. The best time to kill a weed seed is the day before it emerges from the soil... They die super easy at that time... How can I tell? Just by watching... Turning over a bit of soil and if it's full of weed seedlings that are all but emerged then I go ahead and hoe the patch. Sometimes I feel silly -- weeding a patch with no visible weeds -- but it sure is easy weeding, and it sure works for me emotionally. I think of it as making love to the garden. Weeding is so sensual to me: the sun, the wind, the fresh air, the rhythm, my strong body getting stronger and more toned.
If you have bare soil something will grow there. Mulch or cover crop where you don't want plants after the soil has warmed and dried out to the point where you want to conserve what moisture is still in the soil.
I mulch with leaves if possible and wood chips if not. Rake them off in the spring to warm and dry the soil.
Freely broadcast cheap seeds like lettuces, radish, dill, basil early in the season. Let lots go to seed.
I see you're starting a garden. A great way is to start small in a long strip the first year and put a border of patio stone(18" square - big enough to cover ground, light enough to move easily) on top of grass and let it sit for a year as the garden border.
The next spring I pull up the stones and move them over to the next row of grass. The soil under the stones is already pretty good, no weed seeds or grass left.
Weeds are in your mind. You can use mulch etc. to give the plants you really want to grow a head start. If weeds other plants poke through, well, as long as they're not pulling down your plants or otherwise directly interfering with growth, they have a use, too, as part of your permaculture system to create organic matter and catch sun.


|Publication number||US4936282 A|
|Application number||US 07/281,624|
|Publication date||Jun 26, 1990|
|Filing date||Dec 9, 1988|
|Priority date||Dec 9, 1988|
|Publication number||07281624, 281624, US 4936282 A, US 4936282A, US-A-4936282, US4936282 A, US4936282A|
|Inventors||Jerrold M. Dobbins, Ross Alexander|
|Original Assignee||Dobbins Jerrold M, Ross Alexander|
|Export Citation||BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan|
|Patent Citations (7), Referenced by (237), Classifications (8), Legal Events (3)|
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet|
The field of this invention relates to construction of guns and more particularly to a gun which is designed to propel a liquid containing a frangible projectile which is designed to break upon coming into contact with the intended target.
The use of marking guns is well-known. Within a marking gun there is employed a projectile which is generally in the shape of a marble. This projectile is constructed of a thin wall which is to readily break upon being propelled against a target. Typical construction for the wall of the projectile would be a gelatin. Within the wall of the projectile is contained a quantity of a liquid such as a colored paint. A typical color would be red.
In the past, it has been common to use marking guns in conjunction with wild animal management. These guns have been utilized to mark a single animal from a vehicle such as a jeep or a helicopter to assist the animal management person in counting of the wild animals, herding of the wild animals, or other similar desired procedures.
Within recent years, this type of a marking gun has begun to be used by human beings in other than animal management. The usage of this type of gun has to do with "war games" in which the human beings are divided into a plurality of groups. These groups are free to roam within a given geographical area and, upon one member of one group coming upon a member of another group, either member can fire a projectile at the other member. If one of the members become "hit" with a "paint ball", the hit member can now no longer continue to play the "game". The group that has the last remaining "surviving" member wins the game. It is to be understood that, normally, the paint ball does not cause injury to the human being. Although, it is possible that a bruise will result.
Within the prior art, the guns that have been designed to shoot these paint balls have been capable of only shooting one paint ball at a time with a manual cocking of the firing mechanism being required. There has not been known to utilize a valving mechanism which will permit semi-automatic firing of the paint balls which would eliminate the need for manual cocking of the gun to the firing position. Therefore, semi-automatic firing of a gun would permit a greater number of the paint balls to be fired within a short period of time.
The structure of the present invention provides for a first embodiment which includes a manually operated cocking mechanism. Manually cocking of the gun locates a paint ball within the bore of the barrel and also moves the trigger assembly to a "ready-to-fire" position. Operating of this trigger assembly causes a valve assembly within the gun to be opened permitting a quantity of a pressurized gas to be applied against the paint ball located within the bore of the barrel, hence, causing the paint ball to be propelled from the barrel at a rapid rate. Refiring of the gun requires that the cocking mechanism to again be operated. The second embodiment of this invention uses a similar type of gun construction with the exception that the valve mechanism is modified so that the pressurized gas will cause the cocking of the gun thereby eliminating the need for the manual cocking. This valve mechanism includes a gas storage chamber which is opened by the valve mechanism at an appropriate time to cause the gas to be propelled into the bore of the barrel and into contact with the paint ball located in the bore to propel such from the end of the barrel of the gun. This pressurized gas also causes the valve mechanism to again move to a cocking position which only requires manual activation of a trigger assembly to cause firing of the gun. Associated with the gun is a quick-disconnect mechanism for the gas cartridge which permits the gas cartridge to be readily changed when empty.
The primary objective of the present invention is to construct a paint ball propelling gun which can be operated more efficiently permitting more "rapid fire" deployment of the paint balls.
FIG. 1 is a side elevational view of one embodiment of the gun of the present invention which is designed for rapid firing of the paint balls;
FIG. 2 is a top plan elevational view of the gun of the present invention taken along line 2--2 of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view through the valve mechanism associated within the gun of the present invention taken along line 3--3 of FIG. 2 showing the valve mechanism in its at-rest position;
FIG. 4 is a view similar to FIG. 3 but showing the valve mechanism in an initially activated position with a paint ball being dispensed from the storage magazine into the bore of the barrel of the gun;
FIG. 5 is a view similar to FIG. 4 but showing of the valve mechanism in a position initially engaging with the paint ball that is to be propelled;
FIG. 6 is a view similar to FIG. 5 but showing the pressurized air now being applied against the paint ball to cause propelling of such exteriorly of the bore of the barrel of the gun;
FIG. 7 is a view similar to FIG. 6 depicting automatic re-cocking of the gun which is in essence the position substantially identical to that of FIG. 3;
FIG. 8 is a view similar to that of FIG. 2 but of a further embodiment of the gun of this invention which utilizes a manual cocking of the valve mechanism as opposed to automatic cocking of the valve mechanism;
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view through the valve mechanism included within the second embodiment of this invention taken along line 9--9 of FIG. 8 putting the valve mechanism in an at-rest position;
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view, similar to FIG. 9, showing the valve mechanism in the cocked position; and
FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view through the gas storage chamber arrangement taken along line 11--11 of FIG. 1.
Referring particularly to the drawings, there is shown in FIGS. 1 through 7, the semi-automatic embodiment 10 of the gun of this invention. Broadly, the gun 10 includes a barrel 12, a magazine 14 and a pistol grip 16. Pistol grip 16 is basically a thin walled housing which will normally be constructed of a plastic or other similar type of material. Integral with the pistol grip 16 is a trigger guard 18. The trigger guard 18 defines an enclosed spaced 20. Mounted within the enclosed space 20 is a trigger 22. The trigger 22 is pivotally mounted by means of a pin 24 to a portion of the trigger guard 18. The trigger 22 is to be movable by a finger (not shown) of a human being from its normal at-rest position shown in FIG. 3 to a rearwardly displaced position shown in FIG. 4.
Connected to the trigger 22 is one end of a spring 26. The opposite end of the spring 26 connects to a link 28. One end of the link 28 is pivotally mounted by a pin 30 to the trigger 22. The link 28 is under a continuous bias by the spring 26 to be located in the position shown in FIG. 3 of the drawings. In this position, the outer end of the link 28 rests within recess 32 of a sear 34. The wall of the recess 32 defines a shoulder 36. With the free end of the link 28 engaging with the recess 32 and held in that position by the bias of spring 26, the sear 34 is held in the position shown in FIGS. 3 and 7 of the drawings. Manual pressing of trigger 22 causes the free end of link 28 to press against the shoulder 36 causing pivoting of the sear 34 in a counterclockwise direction, such as shown in FIGS. 4 through 6 of the drawings.
When the sear 34 is in the position shown in FIGS. 3 and 7, the outer end 38 of sear 34 abuts against a plug 40. Plug 40 is cylindrical and is movably mounted within an interior chamber 42. Interior chamber 42 is slightly larger in diameter than the bore 44 of the barrel 12. It is to be understood that the bore 44 is open at the outer free end of the barrel 12. It is also to be noted that the longitudinal center axis of the interior chamber 42 is in alignment with the longitudinal center axis of the bore 44.
The plug 40 has a smaller diametered section which includes a series of exterior screw threads 46. Threadably secured onto the threads 46 is one end of a sleeve 48. The forward end of the sleeve 48 is also threaded and is threadably secured to a disc 50. The backside of the disc 50 is formed into an annular recess 52 which functions as a retainer for one end of a coil spring 54. The opposite end of the spring 54 abuts against the inner wall of a piston 56. The piston 56 includes an O-ring seal 58 which forms a gas-tight seal with a through opening 60 centrally formed within the sleeve 48. The piston 56 is to be movable from a position directly adjacent the disc 50 to a position abutting against the plug 40. When the piston 56 abuts against the plug 40, the orifices 62 of the plug 50 are closed. The orifices 62 connect with enlarged passage 64 centrally formed within the plug 40. The enlarged passage 64 terminates at an annular shoulder 66 at the outer end of the plug 40.
The free outer end of a hollow rod 68 is to be locatable in a loose fitting manner within the enlarged passage 64. When so located, the annular enlarged protuberance 70, which is integral with the hollow rod 68, is to abut against the annular shoulder 66. The inner attached end of the rod 68 is fixedly mounted to annular plug 72. The rod 68 includes an elongated central through passage 74. The annular plug 72 includes a series of screw threads which are tightly secured within a body 76. Located between the body 76 and the plug 72 is an O-ring seal 78.
The rod 68 has a through opening 80 formed through its side wall. The outer end of the rod 68 terminates in a smaller diametered exteriorly threaded extension 82. Threadably mounted on the extension 82 is a seal housing 84. Mounted within the seal housing 84 is an annular rubber seal 86. Engaging with the exterior surface of the seal housing 84 is a coil spring 88. The opposite end of the coil spring 88 fits within an annular recess 90 of a gas storage chamber 92. This gas storage chamber 92 is formed within the body 76.
The body 76 is fixedly secured by means of a threaded fastener 94 to the pistol grip 16. Fastener 94 is also threadably secured to a plate 96 which is located between the body 76 and the pistol grip 16 and also between the barrel 12 and the trigger guard 18. The mounting plate 96 is mounted by fastener 98 to the pistol grip 16 and mounted by fastener 100 to the trigger guard 18. A separate fastener 102 secures together the plate 96 to the barrel 12.
Fixedly mounted by fasteners 104 to the upper surface of the barrel 12 and located rearwardly of the magazine 14 is a sight mount 106. The sight mount 106 is for the purpose of mounting thereon a sighting device such as a telescopic sight if such is deemed to be desired. Such a telescopic sight is not shown within the drawings.
Formed within the body 76 is a gas orifice 108. This orifice 108 connects with an orifice 110 formed within sealing member 112. Sealing member 112 is an open-ended hollow needle 114 mounted within the member 112 and protruding therefrom. The needle 114 has a centrally disposed passage 116. Sealing member 112 is fixedly mounted within elongated recess 118 with this fixing in place occurring, in part, by means of sleeve 120. Sleeve 120 is fixed to washer 122. The washer 122 is mounted within chamber 124 of a gas cartridge cover 126. This cover 126 is fixedly mounted by fasteners 128 to the body 76.
Located within the chamber 124 is a conventional gas cartridge 130. This gas cartridge 130 has a narrowed forward end which is sealed by penetratable sealing member 132. The cartridge 130 is to be located within the chamber 124 with the rounded outer end of the cartridge 130 resting within cup-shaped recess 133 of a cup member 134. When so locating of the cartridge 130 within the recess 133, the handle 136 is in the dotted line position shown in FIG. 2. This handle 136 is pivotally mounted by pivot pin 138 to a plug 140. Both the plug 140 and the cup member 134 are of the same diameter and are closely mounted within the chamber 124. Pivotally connected to one end of a link 142 by a pivot pin 144 is the cup member 134. The opposite end of the link 142 is pivotally mounted by pivot pin 146 to the handle 136.
With the handle 136 in the dotted line position shown in FIG. 2, the cup member 134 is moved within the chamber 124 to a position directly adjacent the plug 140. The rear end of the gas cartridge 130 can then be located within the recess 133 with the forward end of the gas cartridge 130 being positioned directly adjacent the needle 114. The operator then proceeds to move handle 136 to the solid line position shown in FIG. 2, which extends the cup member 134 from the plug 140. During this extending movement, the needle 114 penetrates through the penetratable seal 132 to be located within the confines of the gas cartridge 130. The gas within the gas cartridge 130 is then freely conductable through passage 116, orifice 108 and into gas storage chamber 92. This is the position shown in FIG. 3 of the drawings.
If it is desired to adjust the position of the gas cartridge 130 within the chamber 124, the operator only needs to turn threaded fastener 148 which pushes against the outermost surface of the plug 140 and moves such within the chamber 124. Fastener 148 is threadably mounted within plug 141 which is fixed by screws 143 to cover 126. It can thus be seen, by quick operation of the handle 136 that gas cartridge 130 can be readily removed from the chamber 124 and discarded when empty and replaced with a new gas cartridge 130 which is full of a pressurized gas. It is to be noted that the size of the orifice 108 is preselected so that the gas is seeped into the chamber 92. It will take approximately one-half a second in order to completely fill the chamber 92. This is desirable procedure to prevent emptying of the cartridge 130 in the making of a single firing of the gun 10.
Integral with the plug 40 and extending outwardly therefrom is a needle valve member 150 which has a sharp pointed outer end 152. This cylindrically shaped needle valve member 150 is closely mounted within hole 154 formed within piston 56. A portion of the hole 154 is located within piston extension 156 which is integral with the piston 56. The needle valve member 150 is capable of movement relative to the piston extension 156 but yet a substantially gas-tight seal is formed therebetween. However, when the piston 56 is moved sufficiently to completely compress the spring 54, there is a gap 158 formed between the forward edge of piston 56 and the sharp pointed outer end 152. The hole 154 connects with a narrowed-down passage 160. Passage 160 opens into centrally disposed opening 162 of a bolt 164. The bolt 164 is threadably secured to the piston extension 156.
Centrally disposed opening 162 connects to a flared passage 166 of the bolt 164. An O-ring seal 168 is formed within the exterior wall surface of the bolt 164. The function of the O-ring seal 168 is to maintain a substantially gas-tight connection between the bolt 164 and the bore 44.
The operation of the gun 10 is as follows: The magazine 14 is initially loaded with a plurality of paint balls 170 with these balls 170 being located in a stacked condition within the magazine 14. The outer end of the magazine 14 is open so that the balls 170 can be readily slipped therein. The lowermost paint ball 170 is to rest against the exterior surface of the bolt 164.
Referring particularly to FIG. 3, gas from the cartridge 130 is supplied into the gas storage chamber 92. However, the seal 86 abuts against a portion of the plug 72 and forms a seal therebetween with through opening 80 being sealed off by the wall of hole 172 of the plug 72. Therefore, the conducting of any gas into passage 74 is prevented. The end 38 of the sear 34 abuts against the forward edge of the plug 40 preventing movement of the plug 40 within the chamber 42. It is to be noted that spring 174 is completely compressed with one end of the spring 174 resting against a portion of the barrel 12 and the opposite end of the spring 174 resting against sleeve 48.
The operator then proceeds to apply a manual force against trigger 22 in the direction of arrow 176. Link 28 pushes against shoulder 36 causing the sear 34 to be pivoted a small amount in the direction of arrow 178. As a result, plug 40 is moved within chamber 42 by the expanding of spring 174. This movement continues to occur until the annular shoulder 66 contacts enlarged protuberance 70 and further movement of the plug 40 continues until plug 40 comes into contact with plug 72. At this time, the through opening 80 is exposed to the chamber 92 and the pressurized gas within the chamber 92 is conducted into passage 74 through orifices 62 against the piston 56. The action of the spring 174 has moved the sleeve 48 sufficiently and the bolt 164 sufficiently to permit the paint ball 170 that is lowest in the stack in the magazine 14 to fall within the bore 44. It is to be noted that the end 38 of the sear 34 is in contact with a portion of the side wall of the sleeve 48 and will remain in that position even if the pressure being applied against the trigger 22 is released.
The gas pressure causes the piston 56 to move with the paint ball 170 that is located within the bore 44 being moved within the flared passage 166 of the bolt 164. The gas pressure continues to cause the piston 56 to move until finally the bolt 164 completely closes off the magazine 14. At this particular time, the forward edge of the piston 56 exposes gap 158. The pressurized gas can then pass through the gap 158 into hole 154, narrowed down passage 160, centrally disposed opening 162 and out through flared passage 166 into bore 44. This gas pressure is applied directly against the ball 170 that is located within the bore 44 and causes such to be propelled exteriorly of the barrel 12.
Sufficient momentum is created in the moving of the piston 56 to not only compress the spring 54 but cause the sleeve 48 and disc 50 to be moved within the chamber 42 to compress spring 174. When the spring 174 is completely compressed, the sear 34 becomes free to move a slight distance clockwise until the outer end 38 again abuts against the forward end of the plug 40. At this time, through opening 80 is no longer exposed to the chamber 92 so that the chamber 92 is now again completely closed and permitted to be recharged with pressurized gas from the cartridge 130. Now the valve mechanism within the gun 10 of this invention is returned to the position in FIG. 3 with firing of another paint ball 170 to occur by merely depressing of the trigger 22.
Reference now is to be had to FIGS. 8 and 9 of the drawings in which there is shown a second embodiment of this invention which utilizes a cocking mechanism in the form of a sleeve 180 which is mounted on the exterior surface of the barrel 12. Like numerals, which are to refer to like parts, when comparing the embodiments of FIGS. 8 and 9 to FIGS. 1 and 7, that have been used in the discussion within FIGS. 1 through 7, are deemed to be also applicable to the parts within FIGS. 8 and 9. The second embodiment of this invention will be discussed only as to its differentness in structure than that of FIGS. 1 through 7.
The sleeve 180 is manually graspable and movable in a rearward direction, that is, toward magazine 14. The rear end of the sleeve 180 is bifurcated forming legs 182 and 184. The outer end of leg 182 is connected to a pin 186. The outer end of the leg 184 is connected to a pin 188. Pin 186 passes through a slot 190 formed within the barrel 12. In referring to FIG. 1, slot 190 is shown. However, the slot 190 has no use within the embodiments of FIGS. 1 through 7 and it could be closed off. However, it is to be remembered that the cocking mechanism within FIGS. 8 and 9 could be eliminated and the valving mechanism changed to the valving mechanism in FIGS. 1 through 7 thereby making the manually operational cocking gun 192 of FIGS. 8 and 9 into a semi-automatic gun as shown in FIGS. 1 through 7. The slot 190 would remain.
It is to be understood that the pin 188 is to be conducted through a slot (not shown) similar to slot 190 located diametrically opposite slot 190 on the barrel 12. Both pins 186 and 188 are fixedly secured to the bolt 194. The bolt 194 is essentially identical to bolt 164 with the exception that it is longer in length. It is to be understood that the outer end of the bolt 194 is to come into contact with a paint ball 170 that is located within the bore 44. The inner end of the bolt 194 has fixedly mounted thereon a sleeve 196. Sleeve 196 is slidingly movable within the chamber 42 of the barrel 12. The sleeve 196 includes an annular recess 198. The forward edge of the sleeve 196 is formed into a chamber which is to function as a cam surface 200.
The bolt 194 includes a longitudinal through opening 202. Within this through opening 202 is slidingly located rod 204. Rod 204 is essentially similar to rod 68 with the exception that it is longer in length. Rod 204 has an exterior annular protuberance 206 which is also similar to enlarged protuberance 70 of rod 68. The opposite end of the rod 204 is located within through opening 172 of plug 72.
Located against the annular protuberance 206 is sleeve 208. Sleeve 208 defines an annular recess 210 within which is located one end of a coil spring 212. The opposite end of the coil spring 212 is located within annular recess 198 and abuts against the sleeve 196. The forward edge of the sleeve 208 is formed into a thin annular extension 214.
The sleeve 208 includes an elongated groove 216. Groove 216 will normally be narrow in width, such as approximately one-eighth to one-quarter of an inch. Mounted within a portion of the groove 216 is a pawl 218. The pawl 218 is pivotally mounted to the sleeve 208 by means of a pin 220 with this pin 220 extending across the groove 216.
Located between the sleeve 208 and the aft end of the pawl 218 is a coil spring 222. The bias of the coil spring 222 is to tend to locate the hook member 224 of the pawl 218 into contact with the annular extension 214. The aft end of the pawl 218 is formed into an actuating member 226. The exterior surface of the hook member 224 is inclined forming a cam surface 228.
Let it be assumed the second embodiment (cocking gun 192) of this invention is in the position as shown in FIG. 9 of the drawings. Let it now be assumed that the operator wishes to place a paint ball 170 within the bore 44 and fire such in the barrel 12. In order to accomplish this, the user manually grasps sleeve 180 and moves such toward magazine 14 while holding of the pistol grip 16. This manual movement is limited by the length of slot 190. With the bolt 194 in the position closest to magazine 14, the ball 170, that is lowest in the stack, is able to fall into the bore 44. At the same time, the annular extension 214 moves within the annular recess 198 along with one end of the spring 212 which is already located within the recess 198. The cam surfaces 200 and 228 ride on one another until hook member 224 falls within slot 230 of the sleeve 196. At this time, the sleeves 196 and 208 are connected together. The pawl 218 has pivoted slightly compressing spring 222. Annular protuberance 206 abuts against sleeve 208 but no movement of rod 204 has occurred compressing spring 88.
The operator then proceeds to move sleeve 180 forwardly, back to the position shown in FIG. 8 of the drawings. During this movement, the bolt 194 is moved to the position shown in FIG. 10 with therebeing a paint ball 170 located within the bore 44 against the forward edge of the bolt 194. The spring 212 is compressed. Sleeve 208 is moved some spaced distance from the annular protuberance 206 with the actuating member 226 being located directly against the upper surface of the trigger 22.
When the operator squeezes the trigger 22, the actuating member 226 is moved toward rod 204 until hook member 224 disengages from the slot 230. At this time, the bias of the spring 212 causes the sleeve 208 to move away from the sleeve 196 until the sleeve 208 comes into contact with the annular protuberance 206 and moves such against the bias of spring 88 until sleeve 208 comes against plug 72. At this particular time the through opening 80 connects with the gas storage chamber 92 which causes the pressurized gas within the chamber 92 to be conducted into through opening 80, through passage 232 of the rod 204, through longitudinal through opening 202, and into bore 44 against the paint ball 170 located therein. The emptying of the gas from the chamber 92 occurs very quickly which is sufficient to cause the paint ball 170 to be rapidly propelled from the barrel 12.
In actual practice, the sleeve 208 will be moved by momentum against the plug 72 and then return to the position shown in FIG. 9 of the drawings. That movement, which is just momentary, is sufficient to cause the gas contained within the chamber 92 to propel the paint ball 170 from the barrel 12. At this particular time, the embodiment of the gun shown in FIG. 9 is now in the position to be recocked with another paint ball 170 to be fired therefrom.
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|U.S. Classification||124/74, 124/73|
|International Classification||F41B11/02, F41B11/32|
|Cooperative Classification||F41B11/723, F41B11/52|
|European Classification||F41B11/52, F41B11/72|
|Feb 1, 1994||REMI||Maintenance fee reminder mailed|
|Jun 26, 1994||LAPS||Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees|
|Sep 6, 1994||FP||Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee|
Effective date: 19940629


Funny this should come up. I have been in a slump for aboutl 6 months. Last
Sunday while playing the games for some reason I noticed that it appeared I was canting my gun when I mounted it to my shoulder. What I noticed was I was tilting my head some into the stock to look down the rib. So I started to bring my head straight without any tilt and bring the rib to my eye so as to look straight down the rib. It seemed I started to come back into my shooting much better. I shot 5 rounds at different yardage and took 2 first and 2 seconds. The one I didn't do well on was the first round. Thats when I discovered I was tilting my head and the rib was canting.
Could be a fluke to. Just happen to be one of them days.


Toshiba Company presented the flagship series of Dynabook SS RX2/WAJ notebooks. According to Toshiba, this is the first notebook in the world with a solid state drive (SSD) in 512 GB. It should be noted that at CES this year, ASUS also announced the ASUS S121 notebook with 512 GB SSD, however, Toshiba Dynabook SS RX2/WAJ, obviously, the first will be on sale. In this notebook is set to use Toshiba’s own production on the basis of multilevel flash memory NAND. It realizes the speed of reading data about 230% (max. 230MB per sec) and write is 450% (max.180MB per sec) compared with the SSD. It also compare to hard disk drive (HDD), data access speed by approx. 300% for read and 250% for write.
Dynabook SS RX2 series Notebooks positioned as compact and lightweight device with a long time standby. Toshiba Dynabook SS RX2/WAJ, as well as other members of the line, obviously, it is equipped with 12.1-inch display, based on the 1.40GHz Intel Core 2 Duo Processor Ultra low-voltage SU9400, enclosed in a thin and lightweight shell thickness of less than 25.5 mm and weighs 1,095g and provides up to 12 hours of autonomous work. In Japan, Dynabook SS RX2/WAJ will go on sale May 14, its value will be 423,000 yen, equivalent to $ 4400. This is a very “tidy”, however, it is taken into account that only the 512 GB SSD costs around $ 1500.
Toshiba Launches “dynabook SS RX2/WAJ”,
World’s First PC Integrating 512GB SSD


text:
Though most rappers boast about being pimps in their rhymes, Snoop Lion recently revealed that he actually was a pimp back in the day.
In an interview with Rolling Stone, the artist formerly known as Snoop Dogg explained, "I put an organization together. I did a Playboy tour, and I had a bus follow me with ten b*tches on it. I could fire a b*tch, f**k a b*tch, get a new ho: It was my program. City to city, titty to titty, hotel room to hotel room, athlete to athlete, entertainer to entertainer."
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domain: artistic