Bylaws for Montana Library Federations
REQUIREMENTS AND SUGGESTIONS FOR BYLAWS FOR MONTANA LIBRARY FEDERATIONS
Based on feedback from federation members and coordinators, the Montana State Library created the following document to help federations update their bylaws. MSL staff reviewed the Montana Code Annotated, Administrative Rules and Robert’s Rules of Order 11th edition to identify what should be included in federation bylaws. We tried to identify some of the questions that should be answered in each section.
Bylaws protect the rights of individuals within an organization; provide guidance on how to select officers, the duties of members and officers, and how to resolve problems. Well written bylaws help federation members by giving them a structure for votes, meetings, and other business procedures. This structure allows federations to spend more time on discussions and less time on wondering how to take care of federation business. Please contact MSL staff if you would like assistance with updating federation bylaws.
Per MCA 22-1-402 and ARM 10.102.5102 bylaws must include the following:
Federation advisory board composition and appointment as well as Federation Board of Trustees – bylaws must describe the makeup of the federation advisory board along with information about how the federation advisory board members will be elected. it should also reference who serves on the Federation Board of Trustees. According to
MCA 22-1-40 4 there must be a federation board of trustees of whom the majority of members must be trustees.
Procedures for approving the Plan of Service – how/when will the federation approve their plan of service?
Proxy voting – Will the federation allow proxies? If so, under what circumstances? Who can carry a proxy for a participating member? What is the procedure for using a proxy?
Quorum requirements – How many participating libraries are required in order to have a quorum?
Procedures for conducting federation business – see below for suggestions on what to include in this section.
Withdrawal from the federation – what procedure does a participating library need to follow in order to leave the federation?
Recommendations from Roberts’ Rules of Order 11th edition:
Article I. Name. – What is the official name of the federation?
Article II. Object –What is the purpose of the federation?
Article III. Members – Who can join the federation? How do they join? What are the requirements of being a member? Who is the voting representative? How many members does the federation need at a meeting in order to have a quorum? What procedure must be followed if a member wants to leave the federation? What procedure should a member follow if s/he has a grievance with the federation?
This is the section where federation members can address whether or not attendance at meetings is required in order to receive funding from the federation. Federation members may also want to address how branches will be treated.
Article IV. Officers – Who are the officers of the federation advisory board? How are they nominated? How are they elected? When are they elected? What are their duties? How long are the terms of office? What happens if there is a vacancy? Can the chair vote? The bylaws should indicate whether or not the chair can vote every time or only when his/her vote is needed to break a tie. How is the coordinator selected and/or elected? If applicable what is the term of office for the federation coordinator? What are his/her duties? Are there term limits?
MCA 22-1-404 the coordinator cannot vote. It’s a good idea to include this information in the bylaws.
Article V. Meetings – When are federation meetings? Where are they? And how often does the federation meet? What is the procedure for calling a special meeting? This is the section where the federation can identify when and how it will approve its plan of service. It may also be appropriate to discuss proxies and electronic meetings in this section.
Article VI. Executive Board – Does the federation have an executive board? If so who is a member of the executive board? What are their duties? How are they elected? What are their terms?
Article VII. Committees – Does the federation have standing committees? If so what are they? What are the duties of the committee? How are members selected for the committee? If the federation does not have a standing committee is the coordinator and/or the executive board given the authority to form a committee? If so what are the procedures for doing so?
Article VIII. Parliamentary Authority – Does the federation use a parliamentary authority like Robert’s Rules of Order? If so this is the section to state what edition is followed. It may be wiser to simply state that the federation uses standard parliamentary authority to complete its business if it does not normally follow Robert’s Rules of Order.
Article IX. Amendment of the Bylaws – How are bylaws amended? At what frequency should bylaws be reviewed? What procedures does a bylaws committee need to follow to suggest bylaw amendments? What kind of notice will be given to members? How many votes will it take to pass bylaw changes? Note: many organizations require a 2/3 majority in order to pass bylaw changes. What procedures does the federation follow for an emergency suspension of the bylaws? Will the federation allow this?


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It's day 4 of the New Year, and it already feels to me like things are in full swing. It's so exciting and I feel like there's a special buzz in the air. Do you feel it too? From comments I've read, 2013 was a bad year for many people (me included) so I think there is a lot of hope and expectation from 2014, let's hope it can deliver.
I would love for this to be a positive year for everyone, and I'd love to know about anything positive that happens to YOU. Please tell me know about the great things, no matter how big or small.
On a professional note, I'm really happy to have been notified that two of my paintings (Aqua Fusion & Red Sea) will be displayed at the Mornington Art Show from 18-27 January at the Peninsula Community Theatre. It's a huge thrill.
For now it's back to the studio!

domain: artistic


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Writing for Quartz, Olu Alake mourns the death of African doctors in the UK:
The significance of three African NHS doctors being among first to die in UK’s coronavirus battle
There was a tragic inevitability the ongoing Covid19 pandemic would sooner than later begin to ravage the medical staff of UK’s revered National Health Service (NHS), but there was added poignancy about the identities of the first three frontline doctors who lost their lives.
Dr Adil El Tayar (64) and Dr Amged el-Hawrani (55 years old) are Sudanese, while Dr Alfa Saadu (68) is Nigerian. The three of them had accumulated over 100 years of dedicated service to the NHS: two of them, El Tayar and Saadu had retired but recently voluntarily returned to assist the NHS and the country through the pandemic.
All three African-born doctors were Muslims, a fourth NHS doctor to die, Habib Zaidi, 76, of Pakistani origin was also a Muslim. As much as one might pray, there is a strong likelihood more NHS staff of all types of backgrounds and levels will become infected with the virus, the hope is for few or no more deaths.
In a nutshell, Alake seems to be saying that Africans and Muslims are good for the UK. A quick glance at Alake’s contributions to Quarz shows that he is fixated on blacks and Africans. One would think that such a proud black man, obsessed as he is with Africa and blacks, would actually LIVE in Africa. But no. He lives in London. I don’t know if he’s Muslim, but he clearly admires Islam. On Alake’s Linkedin profile, we find:
Specialities: Strategic management of Projects and Programmes; Social Justice, especially regarding Culture (arts & heritage), Children & Young People…
The Pakistani grooming scandal would be right up his alley, considering it involves “young people” and “social justice.” What does he have to say about this issue? As far as I can tell, he is silent about it. What about black crime in the UK? The Guardian has this to say about it:
Although the majority of black boys in London achieve well in school and thereafter, a few things cannot be denied: black boys in London are massively over-represented in stabbings; black-on-black violence is significantly gang-related; gangs in London are crime-focused; the age of recruitment and grooming of young people for gang activity is dropping to primary school levels. Poverty and deprivation (of life chances and opportunity) can drive boys and young men into violent criminal activity. When male role models for these boys are neighbourhood gang elders (often replacing absent fathers) and a “gangsta” culture prevails, the boys stand little chance of escaping.
Does Alake, or Quartz, even acknowledge the high black (and Muslim) crime-rates in the UK? Perhaps, but I couldn’t find it. Mr. Alake, if you’re reading this, feel free to comment; I don’t claim to be aware of everything you’ve ever written – but surely you’ll agree that violent crime, among blacks, is also “significant.”
3 African doctors died from the CCPVirus (Chinese Communist Party virus). I didn’t know them personally. Let’s assume they were fine, selfless, people who gave their lives to protect others. I’m all for acknowledging their sacrifice. Give credit where credit is due.
But if we’re going to do so based on their racial/religious demographics, then it behooves us to look at the whole picture. Just today, a Sudanese man went on a stabbing spree in Southern France, killing 2 and injuring several others.
Needless to say, the MSN headline does not say “Sudanese man stabs several people.” No, instead, he’s described simply as a “knifeman.”

domain: sociology


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Marks Swim Academy
Mark’s Swim Academy offers year-round, indoor swimming lessons
for children and adults of all skill levels.Group swim lessons for children of all ages and levels
Adult swim classes for a beginner or experienced swimmerPrivate and semi-private lessons for children and adults
All classes are taught by an experienced swim instructor, Mark Roizman, owner of Mark’s Swim Academy. Mark has a Master’s Degree in Physical Education and over 30 years of teaching and competitive coaching experience in the United States and the former Soviet Union.
Gift certificates are available!
All classes are taught by an experienced Swim Instructor, Mark Roizman, owner of Mark’s Swim Academy, in Waltham, MA.
Roizman has been teaching swimming for more than 30 years both in the United States and in Moldova (the former Soviet Union). He has a master’s degree in physical education from the Pedagogical University of Moldova.
Roizman teaches individuals anywhere from six months old to adults. Instead of breaking things down into age groups, Roizman separates his clients into levels depending on their ability. He teaches front curl (freestyle), backstroke, breaststroke, butterfly and flip turns.
“The most important thing about working with kids is that you have to love them. You have to teach them step by step and you can’t jump over things. The most important thing that I can tell people is that I start with the basics and work my way up when I teach.”
“Swimming is a special sport. It is one of those sports where you can’t start and stop because then there is a good possibility that the fear of the water will come back. It is important to introduce things to people and never push. People will learn quickly if you teach on their individual level rather than teaching at your pace.”

domain: hobby


In an attempt to curb sex trafficking, the Allow States and Victims to Fight Online Sex Trafficking Act (FOSTA) amends a bedrock law — Section 230 of the Communications Decency Act — that helped the internet flourish by shielding websites from liability for outside content.
Reddit also shuttered sections of its website as part of a policy update that prohibited “paid services involving physical sexual contact,” but the company did not specifically call out FOSTA.
He expressed hope Congress would amend the new law to remove some of the ambiguity.
D' Adamo says she plans to reach out to members of Congress and nonprofits that advocated for the bill.
in CBT Craziest Masochism website with 100% EXCLUSIVE shocking content! Play piercing, sewing, injections, knife play, vacuum stimulation, bondage and more...


Welding is a widely used technique for joining metal objects together and has been around for decades. 3G welding is an advanced type of welding which has been gaining popularity due to its ability to make strong, durable welds with minimal distortion. According to a study conducted by the American Welding Society, 3G welding is an advanced welding process that has been used for more than 15 years across a variety of industries and is relatively easy to utilize.
It is estimated that more than 2,500 products are made using 3G welding each day, making it a major contributor to the modern manufacturing industry. So, what is 3G welding exactly, and what makes it so special?
This article will explore the basics of 3G welding and the benefits it provides. Stick around to learn more!
What is 3G Welding?3G welding is a welding process that uses a high-power electric current to fuse pieces of metal together.
This is done by passing an electric arc through the metal pieces and melting them. It is also known as gas metal arc welding (GMAW) or metal inert gas welding (MIG). This welding process is widely used in many industrial applications, and is popular due to its simplicity, speed and strength.
How Does 3G Welding Work?The 3G welding process involves the use of a welding machine, an arc welding electrode and flux-coated welding wire. The welding machine is used to deliver electricity to the arc welding electrode, and the flux-coated welding wire is then fed into the weld joint.
The arc welding electrode is connected to a power source which supplies the required electric current. The electric current passes from the welding machine to the arc welding electrode, and arcs across a small gap between the two.
The intense heat created by the currents melts the weld joint and the metal pieces are fused together.
What Are The Benefits of 3G Welding?The 3G welding process offers a number of benefits to users.
- It is easy to learn and perform, making it suitable for many welding applications.
- It is fast, providing the ability to complete welds quickly.
- It produces strong, reliable welds that can last for many years.
- It is a cost effective welding process, as only one welding machine is required for the job.
- It is suitable for many materials, including steel, stainless steel, aluminum, magnesium, and other materials.


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Before you think I’ve gone completely bonkers, I know this isn’t about ObamaCare. But a news item this week really set me off, and as I researched, it became clear that our government, intentionally or not, is literally killing us. Just like ObamaCare, it’s an example of how the government sticks its bureaucratic finger in places it doesn’t belong.
Sanctuary cities claim that their policies make it easier to do effective policing. One city put it to the test. http://dailysignal.com/2017/02/27/one-county-saw-a-27-drop-in-assaults-after-it-helped-enforce-immigration-law-heres-the-rest-of-the-story/Read More »

domain: news


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Chiharu Yokoyama（Unedited Product）|Ryuco Communications VOL.15
Unedited movie is collected.
Live atmosphere of the movie set is great.
The 15th popular series which cameraman Ryuco Nakamura draw charm of girl to its maximum.
Chiharu Yokoyama has preeminent figure.
I have approached the dangerous sexy shot of her charm. There are a lot of dangerous angles that far exceed common sense.
product-type：Downlaod Movie(Unedited Product）


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I recently baked the golden vanilla cake from King Arthur FLour's website. It baked nicely, and looked really nice. However, when I was at my cake decorating class, I had to level and torte that cake, and for the life of me, I could not get my cake leveler to go through the cake! It just bounced off and would not go through the cake, no matter how hard I pressed, or sawed. I eventually resorted to using a serrated knife, but even that was incredibly difficult to cut through.
Is there something I did when making the cake? I know I used a 9 inch pan instead of the 8 inch it asked for, but that was the only change I made. Or is this just an impenetrable cake?

domain: food


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Hey everyone, happy Manicure Mondays! How was your weekend? Mine wasn’t long enough and I had three days off lol. It was perfectly balanced though – part fun with a movie night at my bud’s house, part productive, and part do-nothing.
Today I have a standout, yet so easy manicure. I love mixed metals, and I especially love this copper meets rose gold shade by OPI. Rally Pretty Pink is actually a shimmer, with all of the sparkle of a glitter. I used three coats to get the manicure fully opaque; however, it also looked amazing with only one sheer coat. Now if I could just find a good gilver (gold meets silver), my life would be complete lol.
What do you all think of OPI’s Rally Pretty Pink? Is this a color you would try?


20 / 08 / 2014
We created a beautiful Wine Bar and Pizza restaurant out of abandoned underground Public toilets in a prime location in Clapham, whilst integrating the scheme neatly into the surrounding area.
Two sets of fine Victorian Public Facilities had been abandoned and our client wanted a split offering of secluded underground bar and overground stop off restaurant.
Our understanding of the buildings and our thorough research and engagement with local stakeholders allowed our client to get planning permission and a late licence for the premises in a restricted area. Simultaneously creating cool and vibrant designs well suited to their retail purpose.


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A story is told about a village in Narigama, Hikkaduwa when the tsunami crashed into its shores and brought devastation and destruction to the fishing community in and around the area.
A poor fisher family living in this traditionally fisher cum tourist resort in the south of Sri Lanka takes a beating like numerous families did, on Boxing Day in Dec 2004. The daughter and mother are out shopping in the southern city of Galle when the tsunami strikes; the mother perishes and the daughter, Devika, is struck down and rendered unconscious, then suffers loss of memory and ends up in hospital.
This is only the beginning of her travails, as scheming flesh traders connive with local counterparts to spirit her away, with other girl children, to the flesh pots of South East Asia, to feed the demands of the growing number of perverts in that region.
Her brother Lal, and two friends, Kamal and Mihiri, with the help of Kamal’s uncle, a retired GA of yesteryear, and his DIG friend from university days, trace the girl to the hospital, and then when she is abducted from there, track her down through intriguing southern trails of Mirissa and Matara where her deportation by sea is planned. The confrontation reaches climax on New Year’s Eve on the shores of the Matara seas when the Special Forces under the command of the DIG indulge in a shootout with the foreign abductees who are on a yacht.
Devika’s father, a fisherman, regularly comes home drunk from his fishing trips causing problems to the household especially to his wife Menike. When the destructive wave hits, his eyes are opened to the misery and unhappiness he has brought about on his family. In his blind fury he visits the ravaged beaches of Narigama in the dead of night, and curses Poseidon, challenging the sea god, to release his wife and to take him on, in a tryst with death. This ultimately results in his demise.
The first part of the tale tells of the massive destruction brought about by the killer waves. The author’s descriptive powers are eminently displayed when the returning children and Kamal’s uncle see the utter chaos on the Galle Road after the tsunami had struck.
“There were holes as big as craters on the seaside, where there were boutiques and shops, now there was empty space, buildings had caved in, there were all sorts of twisted and damaged furniture strewn around, tree trunks lay across the road, perimeter walls were completely destroyed, and there was an awful smell of stagnant water and rotting vegetation, and then, they saw the inert dead bodies;
grotesquely still, and twisted in death, tourists, locals, naked, half clothed, some of them holding on to each other, glazed eyes, faces reflecting fear, mouths open, hands raised as if trying to deflect a striking force; children, men, women, old and young, all lay motionless, dead.”
Then Lucky goes on to relate the disastrous train tragedy at Peraliya, in his own imaginative style, and brings out the pain and agony of those who survived, whilst conveying to the reader at the same time, the trauma and tragedy of this horrendous accident. It is so vividly described that one feels the direct involvement of the author.
Lucky very skillfully relates the part played by Poseidon, the mythical God of the sea who has powers over volcanoes, earthquakes, horses and tsunamis. The prologue tells of the sea god’s destructive power in the ancient world of mythology, and the fear, the people of Greece whose mythical god he was, looked upon him with. He then brings the reader upto present day happenings of erupting volcanoes, melting ice caps and rising tides, in his epilogue, tying this up with the destruction of the environment by modern man, who the author says, will finally have to face the wrath of the god of the sea.. Poseidon, for his willful damage of nature and Poseidon’s domain… a prophecy?
The story brings out the poignant flowering of first love between a young boy and a girl who cannot understand the feeling but enjoy the relationship without damaging its wonder and beauty. It tells of the strong bonding between two long standing friends of the old school type, one a retired Sinhala GA, and the other a Tamil DIG of police who work hand in hand to overcome a web of deceit and abduction.
The question Lucky asks here is why this cannot be done in today’s Sri Lanka between professionals of the two ethnicities, without yielding to petty, divisive thinking, and disruptive politics as is happening.
Lucky also spotlights the rampant bribery and corruption that prevails in our society, and lays the blame squarely on the laps of our politicians, whom he holds responsible for the lawlessness of the country. Even the public servant who is honest and persevering and wants to do a job of work becomes demotivated and frustrated when he sees his colleagues and those around him resorting to unethical lifestyles, and flourishing in the process. OIC Siriwardena, a clean cop who was handpicked to fight the drug and sex trade is ultimately won over by the international Mafia.
Like the humour that Shakespeare brings into his plays, releasing the tension and tenacity he builds up in the audience, Lucky also introduces the reader to some of the lighter sides of his story and brings a smile on a number of instances, when in the midst of high drama.
The author uses clear cut and laid back prose and the reader should have no difficulty in understanding and enjoying this intriguing and emotional description of a once in a lifetime natural calamity that befell our country. Like what Capt Elmo Jayawardena, the well known Sri Lankan English writer and winner of the Gratiaen award said “… the author has moved up in the Sri Lankan Literary World from inessential spectator to privileged actor, and I cheer him on”.
So do I.

domain: geography


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Car lovers turn out for New York International Auto Show at Jacob Javits Center
Car enthusiasts are converging on the Jacob Javits Center in Manhattan this weekend for the New York International Auto Show.
While touring the convention hall, News 12 reporter J.T. Fetch noticed one thing: parking in Manhattan is awful. To combat the tight spaces and compensate for funds lost to expensive meters and parking complexes, he recommends the redesigned MINI Cooper.


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Your the girl who is too open, has too much depth. The girl who sees the beauty in everything around her. You are the girl that wants to make the world a better place, by helping, nurturing and creating magic. A girl who changes a little too often.. one day you'll be outspoken and buzzing with high vibrancy then other days you are in your own little black cloud of depression. You feel it all; sometimes all in the same day, its both a blessing and a curse to feel everything the way you do.
He runs for cover afraid of getting wet when youre the one inside the storm then the next day you'll have your rain boots on dancing in the rain and jumping in puddles but he wont be there to enjoy them with you!
You're the girl that doesn't give up! If you want something bad enough, or someone. You do all that is possible in your power to work towards it, youre an all or nothing kinda girl!
Somtimes youre hard to keep up with but he never seem to think youre worth the chase or perusal.
You're the girl who writes from the heart, tries all sorts of strange food, is everyones best friend at parties and probably cries a little too much weekdays.
The girl who isn't afraid to say how she feels, or to express things just as they are. The one who probably over thinks things a little too easily.
Your the girl who is raw and authentic. One who truly embraces truthfulness and loves talking about how much beauty there is in the world.
You are brutally honest about life! You are the girl who will make that guy think twice, and believe that there is something else -that he never knew existed. The girl who will make you feel skinned alive yet never feel more electrically alive at the same time.
But youre the girl he is so confused by, because, why, you make him question the world as he knows it, you make him see life from a different place.
Yes you'll be the girl in the back of his mind, the one you will search for in everyone else. The one he thinks about when he is doing the shopping, buying that gift for his niece, You're the one whos eyes he will never forget looking into - because for that one moment in time he saw more than what he thought possible. Yes he will miss you, and he will wonder just what it is you are up to, where you are right now - but in that moment he will then realise he lost the best thing that was ever gifted to him.


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[The purpose of the Digest is informative: Preference is given to papers not generally accessible to our readers. Quotation does not indicate approval.–Editor.]
That the fate of Petlura may serve as a deterrent to the perpetration of pogroms on the part of others who may play roles similar to his, is the opinion of the London “Jewish Chronicle” which remarks, in its May 28 number:
“The Hetman of the Ukraine fell by his own measure. He was responsible for the doing to death of many and many a Jew–many a Jewish woman, many a Jewish child–whom he doomed by methods infinitely more merciless than the comparatively painless one by which he was so ruthlessly despatched. There is no reason in revenge, but sympathy must reasonably be brought into fair relativity to circumstances, and Petlura’s tragic ending does not mitigate in the least the pogrom-cries of the Jews who suffered so bitterly or who are suffering now from this unbridled cruelty. The fate that has overtaken Petlura is but the last of many an example provided of late for the world. And as that truth becomes better realized there will be less disposition on the part of men like Petlura to make of even Jews, the objects of persecution from which in its working every shred of humanity has, with calculated callousness, been beaten out.”
NEW YORK PRESS DEPLORES DEATH OF MEYER LONDON
The death of Meyer London, noted Jewish labor and Socialist leader, who was the only Socialist Congressman during the war, is commented on in the press of New York.
The “Forward.” Jewish Socialist daily, declares Meyer London was “one of the most important, popular and beloved personalities in the Socialist movement” and points out: “His death is a particularly great loss to us Jews, his brothers, landsleit and comrades.”
“The Jewish Morning Journal” praises Meyer London’s achievements and states that “his death will be mourned not only by the followers of his party but the public in general.”
The “Telegram” remarks editorially: “His sudden death will be deplored by the great city which was his home, and men who have opposed every move and every principle and tenet for which Meyer London stood will regret his passing.”
“Socialism was not a matter of career, but an ideal with him,” says J. Chaikin in the “Day.”
The “Herald-Tribune” calls London “a good American,” observing: “He derived from America its real meaning. The trade unions and the milder Socialists have good reason to be proud of Mr. London and to mourn his passing.”
The “World” traces Meyer London’s career, which began as a poor boy on the East Side of New York and ended as one of the outstanding Socialist figures in the country. It was “his ceaseless activity, his sympathy, his high ideals” that made him popular and successful as a labor leader, the paper declares.

domain: history


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Phormiums often die from root rot, drought stress, transplant shock, winter damage, poor nutrition, pests, or disease. Check soil drainage and watering habits. Address specific issues. With proper care, Phormiums can bounce back, but replace dead plants with new specimens.
Phormium tenax is a plant species that is used as an ornamental plant. Phormium tenax is commonly called the New Zealand Flax plant/Harakeke.
Phormium is grown for its beautiful foliage. It is easy to grow this plant but beginners may experience some hurdles, let’s see what they are and try to find solutions for them!
Why is my Phormium going brown?
Phormium leaves turn brown at the edges when the plant lacks essential elements like Nitrogen. Phormium leaves also turn brown due to Sunburn. A severe mealybug infestation also turns the Phormium leaves brown.
Nitrogen deficiency in Phormium
Phormium plant’s leaves turn brown when the soil doesn’t have adequate Nitrogen in it. This situation is called Leaf margin necrosis.
You can’t help the brown leaves in any way. You can amend the soil to help the future foliage of your New Zealand flax plant.
Add liquid fertilizer like ‘Miraclegro’ or ‘Peter’s’ to the soil to increase Nitrogen quickly. Dilute the fertilizer according to the label instructions.
Tip: Get the soil tested before you amend it!
New Zealand flax plant is drought-resistant, so they don’t need much water to thrive. You just need to water the plant weekly once.
Giving your Phormium more water than it needs leads to waterlogged conditions. Phormium leaves turn brown in such conditions.
Check the soil with your fingers and water only when the top 2-3 inches of the soil is dry. Get a soil moisture meter if possible.
Phormium leaf spot
Leaf-spot disease in Phormium by a fungal pathogen. The infected Phormium plant leaves have brown/greyish spots with purple edges.
Cut off the infected leaves as soon as you spot them. The plant may recover eventually. Get rid of the infected plant to prevent a widespread infection.
Mealybug infestation in Phormium
If you see a white, waxy substance at the base of the leaves then your New Zealand flax is infested by Mealybugs.
Mealybugs are tiny insect pests that don’t get killed even by winter frosts. They love to feed on the leaves when the weather is warm.
Your New Zealand flax gets stunted as mealybugs feed on the plant. A severe mealybug infestation might kill your Phormium plant.
How to get rid of Phormium Mealybugs?
- Try to get rid of ants around your New Zealand flax plant as they deter the natural enemies of mealybugs.
- Spray water at the place of infestation to get rid of mealybugs naturally.
- Spraying insecticidal soap or horticulture oil on the infested plant works wonders.
- Destroy the plant if the infestation is severe.
Why is my Phormium turning yellow?
Phormium leaves turn yellow because of a bacterial pathogen Phytoplasma. The disease is called leaf-yellow. Phormium leaves may also turn yellow due to frost damage.
Leaf-yellow disease in Phormium
The leaf-yellow disease is caused by a bacterial pathogen called Phytoplasma which is transferred from a diseased plant to a healthy plant by flax plant hopper.
Infected Phormium plant becomes stunted and the rhizome gets killed by the bacteria. Leaves turn orange-yellow in color.
The disease may last for years if not months. Leaves yellow a lot in the growing season. You may want to dig up the plant and burn it to prevent the spread of infection.
Phormium frost damage
Phormium is frost-tolerant up to 20C. If the temperatures fall below this then the plant experiences frost damage.
Frost-damaged plant leaves discolor and become mushy. The plant looks like it’s dead. The plant should come back if you take good care of it.
Cut the dead leaves with a pair of sharp, sterilized pruners. Give your New Zealand flax some time to recover from frost damage.
Will my Phormium recover from frost?
Yes, Phormium can recover from frost. If the main stem and base are intact, new leaves should emerge by spring. Hold off pruning dead foliage until new growth appears.
With patience and care, even near-dead-looking phormiums often revive after frost. Resist replacing plants until you see whether fresh leaves regrow come spring—they can make a comeback!
How do you protect Phormium in winter?
You can protect your Phormium plants from winter damage by reducing the weight of the leaves. Do not let the plant go through winter all alone, help the plant.
Tie up the tuft of leaves to help reduce the weight of the leaves. This helps reduce frost damage considerably as I’ve seen.
My Phormium has collapsed
Once phormiums start severely collapsing from the base, they’re beyond saving and need replacement. Varieties with colorful foliage are most prone to fatal frost damage.
But with proper siting and care, phormiums can thrive for years before a base decline occurs. At first signs of inner stem collapse, plant new phormiums to avoid bare spots.
Phormium plants suffer from root or crown rot often due to overly wet soil. Stagnant moisture around the roots encourages fungal and bacterial diseases that cause rotting.
Improve drainage by amending heavy clay soils with compost or sand. Also, allow phormium crowns to dry out between waterings.
Remove any mushy, foul-smelling roots or plant tissue. Disinfect tools afterward to prevent the spread of disease. Water carefully, avoiding standing puddles.
If crown rot is severe, the phormium may need replacement. Maintaining good drainage and airflow will help prevent rot issues in the future.
Phormium leaves splitting
Split phormium leaves are usually caused by irregular watering leading to growth surges and split foliage. Prevent by maintaining even, consistent moisture.
Improve drainage in heavy soils. Trim off damaged leaves. With stable watering, new leaves should not split.
Big moisture fluctuations lead to rapid growth, resulting in the leaves literally splitting open. Prevent this issue by maintaining an even and consistent watering regimen, especially during the summer months.
Also, amend clay-heavy soils to improve drainage and aerate compacted areas around the plants. Once split, damaged leaves cannot repair themselves.
Simply trim off the affected foliage. With more stable soil moisture, new emerging phormium leaves should remain intact.
Phormium leaves drooping
Drooping leaves on a phormium are often a sign of water stress. Both overwatering and underwatering can cause phormium foliage to wilt and bend downward.
Check soil moisture – soaked or bone-dry soil indicates improper watering. Improve drainage in clay-heavy soils. Water thoroughly when the top few inches become dry, then allow to partially dry before watering again.
Drooping may also be due to transplant shock or disease. Look for root rot or pest damage. Exclude other causes before adjusting the watering.
With consistent moisture suited to its needs, a phormium will regain turgor pressure and the leaves should unbend.
New Zealand Flax White Fungus
The white, fuzzy things you see on Phormium are Mealybugs. Mealybugs are sap-sucking insects that appear as tufts of cottony, white mass in Phormium.
Mealybugs are common sap-sucking pests that can infest phormium foliage and roots. Look for white cottony masses on leaves and stems.
Heavy infestations cause yellowing or browning leaves. Remove mealybugs manually or use insecticidal soap sprays. Soak the ground with water to kill root mealies.
Ants may also be present tending the mealybugs for honeydew. Control ants to help eliminate mealybugs. Maintain vigorous phormium plants as they are less susceptible.
Check new plants carefully for pests before bringing them home. With prompt treatment at first signs, mealybug damage can be minimized before phormium health is impacted.
How to revive a Phormium?
To bring an ailing phormium plant back to health, first, identify the underlying issue.
- Brown leaves often indicate overwatering or nutrient deficiencies – improve drainage in wet soil and fertilize with a balanced plant food.
- Repot rootbound plants.
- Prune off brown spots which may signal fungal infection.
- Yellow leaves can result from frost damage or bacterial leaf-yellow disease – remove and destroy infected plants to prevent spreading.
- Protect phormiums from harsh winds and cold.
- Keep soil moderately moist but not soaked.
With care tailored to its needs, phormiums are resilient and can often recover from leaf discoloration and other common problems. But completely dead growth will need removal and severely damaged plants may require replacement.
Why won’t my Phormium flower?
Phormium flowers when the plant isn’t split. If flowers are important for you then do not split your New Zealand flax plant.
Give your Phormium a dose of Potash in the spring to encourage blossoms. If you decide to split your Phormium do this in dry weather.
Sometimes you just need to give your plant some time to restore its strength. Plants don’t blossom when they don’t have adequate energy/resources.
Happy Gardening 🙂

domain: agronomy


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Your Book Social Media Profile Awaits
Being an author is hard. One must not only write books, but also take on different roles. They have to be editors, marketers, bloggers, advisers, and the list goes on. In the publishing journey, a writer learns that very few things are for free, or at least affordable.
Book trailers are a great tool in promoting your own work. You can not only tie them to your Youtube channel, but also link them to author interviews or even press releases. They can really come in handy,…Continue
Added by Marie Lavender on July 1, 2018 at 2:26pm — No Comments
If you’ve ever self-published or considered it at least, it probably crossed your mind that a good book cover would probably help to “sell” the book. It’s true that presentation is everything; how the sales page appears with the book description and the cover are extremely important. Often, if the book cover isn’t up to par, some readers won’t take an author seriously. The cover is half the battle in marketing. The rest, well the rest is how you reach your audience. But, that’s a topic of…Continue
Added by Marie Lavender on July 1, 2018 at 2:11pm — No Comments
In a public e-mail to her clients, someone near and dear to me (an expert) said most people look at the first two lines of an email. That’s it. They aren’t interested in fishing through pages of post-signature blather. People need to have ways to learn about you, not reasons to put up shields.” She advised three or four lines, tops. Boy, did that set me off? So, these people we send mail to are in such a hurry that they’d rather spend time looking up in dozens of places for the information…Continue
Added by Linda Barnett-Johnson on September 12, 2017 at 3:30pm — No Comments
www.tinagayle.net I believe the best way for Authors to get their books out to the world is by teaming up with other authors. That's why I like to do an Author Exchange ever so often.Continue
Added by Tina Gayle on September 22, 2014 at 8:30am — No Comments
Altogether now... ready? A one, a two...
You blurb all day
You blurb all night
Blurb, blurb, blurb
Til the early mornin' light.
Hopin' your book
Is the one they'll choose.
And when the sales don't…
Added by Gary Val Tenuta on January 18, 2014 at 10:00pm — No Comments
This is something you might want to ask Nike, eBay, Starbucks, FedEx, Apple, and Microsoft. Trust me, these guys *get* how much it matters. Worldwide, these are images that are recognized and trusted. These companies almost don't need to do any advertising other than flash their logo at you and you've instantly got them on your mind. Have you ever heard of that "Don't think about a zebra" trick? Try mentioning any one of…
Added by Renee Barratt on November 8, 2013 at 12:15pm — No Comments
Added by Judd Miller on October 2, 2013 at 4:00pm — No Comments
Write Your Next Book With The Media In Mind
Added by Judd Miller on September 11, 2013 at 12:30pm — No Comments
Marketing a professional image is probably one of the biggest challenges for cash strapped indie authors. When everything from the cover of the book to editing and lets not forget just getting the word out about your book is important where do you cut costs? Hopefully, cutting costs does not mean you have to do everything yourself and possibly sacrifice quality. There are many resources online for Indie Authors to get quality services ranging from cheap services like Fiverr, freelance…Continue
Added by Dee Thomas on August 21, 2013 at 2:12pm — No Comments

domain: literature


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Isomaltooligosaccharide (IMO) is a mixture of short-chain carbohydrates which has a digestion-resistant property. IMO is found naturally in some foods, as well as being manufactured commercially. The raw material used for manufacturing IMO is starch, which is enzymatically converted into a mixture of isomaltooligosaccharides.
The term "oligosaccharide" encompasses carbohydrates that are larger than simple di- or tri-saccharides, but smaller than polysaccharides (greater than 10 units). Isomalto-oligosaccharides (IMO) are glucose oligomers with α-D-(1,6)-linkages, including isomaltose, panose, isomaltotriose, isomaltotetraose, isomaltopentaose, nigerose, kojibiose, and higher branched oligosaccharides. Depending on production method, the structure of the IMO molecules can vary significantly. While human intestinal enzymes readily digest α(1,4)-glycosidic bonds, longer change IMO (e.g. >= DP4) with α(1,6)-linkages are not easily hydrolyzed and exhibit a digestion-resistant property. Therefore, some IMO preparations are only partially digested in the upper gastrointestinal tract.
Isomalto-oligosaccharides are a normal part of the human diet and occur naturally in fermented foods, such as fermented sourdough breads and kimchi. The disaccharide isomaltose is also present in rice miso, soy sauce, and sake. Isomaltose, one of the α(1,6)-linked disaccharide components of IMO, has been identified as a natural constituent of honey and although chemically related, it is not an IMO . IMO is a sweet-tasting, high-density syrup which could be spray-dried into powder form.
For manufacturing IMO on a commercial scale, food industries use starch processed from cereal crops like wheat, barley, pulses (peas, beans, lentils), oats, tapioca, rice, potato and others. This variety in sources could benefit consumers who have allergies or hypersensitivity to certain cereal crops. The manufacturing process controls the degree of polymerization (dp) and the α(1,6)-linkages to ensure a consistent quality of IMO from different starch sources. The starch is first converted, by means of simple enzymatic hydrolysis, into high maltose syrup with di-, tri and oligosaccharides (2, 3 or more glucose units) having α(1,4)-glycosidic linkages which are readily digestible in the human intestine. These α(1,4)-glycosidic linkages are further converted into digestion-resistant α(1,6)-glycosidic linkages, creating "iso" linkages between glucose moieties and forming Isomalto-oligosaccharide (IMO).
The majority of oligosaccharides found in IMO consist of three to six monosaccharide (glucose) units linked together. However, disaccharides, as well as longer polysaccharides (up to nine glucose units), are also present. The disaccharide fraction of IMO consists mainly of α(1,6)-linked isomaltose, while maltotriose, panose, and isomaltotriose make up the trisaccharide fraction. A mixture of isomaltotetraose, isomaltopentaose, maltohexaose, maltoheptaose, and small amounts of oligomers with 8 or more degrees of polymerization, comprise the remaining oligomers in IMO. Longer oligomers do not have 100% α(1,6)-linkages; the ratio of α(1,4)- to α(1,6)-linkages is variable.
Animal studies describe IMO as a multifunctional molecule which exerts positive effects on digestive health; it acts as a prebiotic, decreases flatulence, has a low glycemic index, and prevents dental caries in animals.
Prebiotics are defined as "non-digestible food ingredients that may beneficially affect the host by selectively stimulating the growth and/or activity of a limited number of bacteria in the colon". Oligosaccharides that are not digested and absorbed in the small intestine, pass through to the colon where they are fermented by Bifidobacteria, thus enhancing the proliferation of the bacteria. In this respect, fermentable oligosaccharides may be considered prebiotics. The oligosaccharides in IMO mixtures are, at least partially, fermented by bacteria in the colon and may, therefore, stimulate the growth of bacterial subpopulations.
Dental caries is caused by the formation of insoluble glucan (plaque) on the surface of teeth, and the production of acids by bacteria in the plaque. These acids attack the hard tissues of the teeth. Studies with animal models showed that IMO, in place of sucrose, reduces the amount of plaque formed and also reduces the amount of enamel-attacking acids formed. Therefore, IMO acts as an anti-caries agent.
The reported Glycemic Index (GI) for IMO is 34.66±7.65 (on a scale of 1–100) which represents a low GI. Consumption of IMO effectively improved bowel movements, stool output and microbial fermentation in the colon without any adverse effects in elderly people.
Health claims for the various classes of oligosaccharides have been investigated by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) and found to be insufficiently substantiated. Therefore, health claims for oligosaccharides and prebiotics are prohibited in the European Union.
IMO is finding global acceptance by food manufacturers for use in a wide range of food products, especially beverages and snack/nutrition bars. In the United States, IMO is used mostly as a source of dietary fiber. However, IMO is also used as a low calorie sweetener in a variety of foods like bakery and cereal products. Since IMO is about 50% as sweet as sucrose (sugar), it cannot replace sugar in a one-to-one ratio. However, IMO has few side effects compared to other oligosaccharides of the same class. Therefore this carbohydrate molecule is receiving growing attention by food manufacturers across North America, as well as in Europe.
Generally, all digestion-resistant oligosaccharides, including IMO, have adverse side effects when consumed in amounts greater than permissible levels. The maximum permissible dose of IMO is 1.5 g/kg body weight, which is higher than for any other sugar substitute. However, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has recommended a maximum consumption of 30 g/day for IMO. Higher dosages (greater than 40 g/day), can cause gastrointestinal symptoms like flatulence, bloating, soft stool or diarrhea.
IMO and other oligosaccharides have long been approved in China and Japan. In Japan, IMO has been on the list of Foods for Specified Health Use (FOSHU) for more than 10 years. In 2002, over 50% of the FOSHU foods in Japan incorporated oligosaccharides as the functional component. The list includes many types of foods: soft drinks and other beverages, frozen yogurt, confectionery products, sweeteners, cookies, coffee drink mixes, bread, tofu, chocolate, and soup mixes. IMO has been imported into the United States for the last few years but has never been manufactured there or formally approved by the FDA. In 2009, a Canadian-based company, BioNeutra, received FDA-GRAS and Health Canada approval for IMO. In the European Union, IMO is authorised as a novel food (NF) pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2015/2283.
IMO is commercially manufactured mostly in China and Japan. However, most of this product is consumed locally or exported to neighboring Asian countries. In Japan, Meiji Dairies (Meiji Food Company) is one of the biggest IMO producers. IMO is marketed under several trade names like IMO-900 and IMO-800. Being a novel food ingredient, there wasn't a producer of IMO in North America and Europe until BioNeutra North America, Inc. began to manufacture this product with the VitaFiber IMO trademark, which was approved for use in Canada by Health Canada in 2012. US-based companies have also been producing other kinds of oligosaccharides, like GOS, FOS, and XOS.
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domain: health


At last August’s SIGGRAPH, it was hard to escape NVIDIA’s RTX. I remember talking to one of our contacts at NVIDIA about the number of renderers coming out in the future that would support RTX in some way, and I admit that I was a little gap-jawed when I was told that even Autodesk’s (previously Solid Angle) Arnold would be jumping into the GPU rendering market.
Since that time, we’ve been asked by readers about Arnold GPU quite a bit, highlighting some clear demand from fans. Conversely, we’ve also encountered our share of nay sayers, who didn’t think Arnold GPU would happen any time soon – or at all. But, here we are. Solid Angle has just released the first public beta of its GPU-powered Arnold.
Arnold GPU render in Autodesk’s Maya
To be clear, this is the first beta, and that means you shouldn’t expect it to be perfect. However, Solid Angle has taken its time with this renderer on purpose. All renderer companies care about interoperability, but Solid Angle seems to care doubly so. It doesn’t want people to use the GPU renderer and feel like there’s a difference from the CPU one. Ignoring notable speed boosts, of course.
You should also know that not all features you’ve come to expect in Arnold will be immediately available in the GPU version, but the goal once again is to bring it to feature parity, as well as give users assurances that their final render is going to look no different from how it would with the CPU renderer. In particular, character development has been a major focus for this first release, with the company believing it has reached pixel compatibility there, giving you all the more reason to check it out.
Arnold GPU render in MAXON’s Cinema 4D
We have not been able to test out this beta yet (we will do soon), but based on the press release, the one renderer will handle both CPU and GPU, and while it’s not explicitly mentioned, we’d assume that CPU and GPU in the same renderer means that heterogeneous rendering will be allowed. That would provide even greater speed-ups over the GPU alone (as we saw in our V-Ray 4.X article last spring).
Arnold 5.3 brings the GPU renderer beta, but also a whack of quality enhancements. That includes big improvements to adaptive sampling, as well as Randomwalk sub-surface scattering for more realistic shading. Skydome lights have also been improved to reduce direct illumination noise, so overall, even without the GPU component, there are some very useful quality updates here.
You can grab the GPU renderer beta here on March 20. The GPU renderer seems to fall into the same licensing as the mainstay renderer, which allows users who want to try it out for the first time to enjoy a 30-day trial on the house.


Aah, now this one is a huge film. For a 10 year old who may still be wondering what’s the fuss about the coming together of Shah Rukh Khan and Aditya Chopra, a trip to Maratha Mandir, Mumbai, is mandatory to check out Dilwale Dulhaniya Le Jayenge which is still running there for 13 uninterrupted years. And for the grown-ups, Rab Ne Bana Di Jodi hardly needs an introduction. Of course, the music of any Yash Raj Film is special because regardless the fate of some of their recent films, music continues to be highpoint of the production house, Tashan and Bachna Ae Haseeno being the case in point.
Talking about the music of RNBJD, one looks forward to what composer duo of Salim-Sulaiman and lyricist Jaideep Sahni have come up with, considering this is easily their BIGGEST project ever. Also, they would be expected to fill the shoes of Jatin-Lalit who made the score of DDLJ and Mohabbatein, the two projects directed by Aditya Chopra, ever-so-memorable.
a) So, does the music eventually go on to meet the sky high expectations?
b) Has Aditya Chopra indeed reserved the best songs for his third directorial outing?
c) Will Shah Rukh Khan have yet another blockbuster score a la Om Shanti Om to his credit?
d) Does Rab Ne Bana Di Jodi turn out to be the kind which would be played at least 3-4 years from now, if not a decade?
So how does one sum up the music of Rab Ne Bana Di Jodi? Well, it is not bad but then it is primarily situational; the kind that gets enhanced by picturisation and choreography.
The sound of ‘santoor’ at the very beginning of ‘Tujh Mein Rab Dikhta Hai’ attracts one’s attention right away since you immediately get the feel of a Veer Zaara outing. A simple outing that has an out and out Indian feel to it; ‘Tujh Mein Rab Dikhta Hai’ starts off well but just doesn’t pick up enough, courtesy the choice of singer. Seriously, instead of Roop Kumar Rathod being entrusted with the responsibility of a track which is the flagship number of RNBDJ, if a singer like Udit Narayan or Sonu Niigaam or K.K. would have been the chosen one, the song could well have gone to a different level altogether.
In the end, it turns out to be a more than decent number which certainly could have been much better. Also, it doesn’t quite turn out to be the kind which deserves to appear at the very beginning of the album. Female version of the song, a much slower one, comes towards the album’s end and has Shreya Ghoshal at the helm. A 100 second piece, it is a slower version and a sad one at that. Purely situational.
A slightly better number comes in the form of ‘Haule Haule’, a number which carries the flavor of Aaja Nachle soundtrack both in terms of middle-class setting and the overall simplicity of sound design. Rendered by Sukhwinder Singh who is subdued rather than being typically full throated, ‘Haule Haule’ is a situational track which is already on air and is being noticed for the way the bespectacled Shah Rukh Khan brings in all his experience while comfortably dancing around in his middle class clothing. The number has melody as its driving force.
Would ‘Dance Pe Chance’ turn out to be that number which would make RNBDJ soundtrack special? This is what one wonders when this track sung by Sunidhi Chauhan and Labh Janjua arrives next. However, to one’s disappointment, ‘Dance Pe Chance’ has an ordinary orchestra and arrangements that pull the song back. Preset keyboard sound seems to be driving this ‘dance number’ that is mainly a Sunidhi Chauhan track with an element of Punjabi being thrown in, courtesy Labh Janjua.
A song where a plain and simple Shah Rukh Khan seems to be going through dance classes, ‘Dance Pe Chance’ is a number where Salim-Sulaiman haven’t done anything special and just followed the sound they have already brought to the audience in films like Neal N Nikki. A four minute remix version ‘Dancing Jodi’ marks an end to the album and is marginally better due to all the pep and rhythm thrown in. Also, it includes references to ‘Tujh Mein Rab Dikhta Hai’ and ‘Haule Haule’.
‘Phir Milenge Chalte Chalte’ is a kind of number which (on screen) could turn out to be good on screen, purely on the basis of how Aditya Chopra gets some fun rolling on the screen. This one is clearly an experiment in the making since it amalgamates numerous lyrics and tunes from the yesteryear and mixes them together to create a ‘bhelpuri’ of sorts. So whether it is ‘Jab Pyaar Kisi Se Hota Hai’, ‘Pal Bhar Ke Liye Koyi Hamein Pyaar Kar Le’ or ‘Hum Hai Rahi Pyaar Ke’ or ‘O Haseena Zulfon Waali’ or ‘Jai Jai Shiv Shankar’ – the number includes them all and many more with Sonu Nigam singing as if he is a part of a concert where he has to pay a homage to all the greats from the past. As a standalone number, ‘Phir Milenge Chalte Chalte’ just doesn’t stand a chance and certainly not the kind which would be solely responsible for the sales of the album.
There were four questions that were raised at the beginning of the review. This is what one has to say after hearing the entire album:
a) The music is decent but not huge enough to befit a project which marks the return of Aditya Chopra as a director
b) Aditya Chopra has been responsible for far better romantic outings, most recently being Bachna Ae Haseeno
c) The music will sell well but touching the numbers of Om Shanti Om would be feasible only if the movie turns out to be an excellent fare with a sustained presence at the box office
d) It seems highly improbable that the songs would remain rooted for years at stretch in the hearts of music buffs who expect nothing but the best from a project as huge and important as RNBDJ.
However, what needs to be remembered is that Aditya Chopra has been one of the pioneers when it comes to song picturisation. How can one forget songs like ‘Ho Gaya Hai Tujhko To Pyaar Sajna’/’Mere Khwabon Mein Jo Aaye’ [DDLJ] or ‘Chalte Chalte’/’Soni Soni’ [Mohabbatein] which were not the flagship numbers of the respective films (‘Tujhe Dekha’ and ‘Humko Humi Se Churalo’ were) but still turned out to be widely popular. The same can be ultimately expected from RNBJD, if response to just-on-air ‘Haule Haule’ is any indication.
If the remaining songs too come close to ‘Haule Haule’ in the way they are picturised, rest assured RNBJD too would do well. Add to it the curiosity around SRK and Aditya Chopra coming together and the album can be expected to take a flying start at the stands.


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Meadow at Main Street
Monday-Thursday 5-10:30 p.m.; Friday-Saturday 5-11 p.m.
Sunday Brunch 11 a.m.-3 p.m.
355-9919 A letter in another local newspaper complained recently that there are no good restaurants in Richmond. I suggest that the writer is not going to the right places or needs to examine her notion of "good." It's true that we don't have tourist-fed restaurants booked weeks in advance like New Orleans, or trendy hot spots like L. A. or New York, or the ethnic variety of San Francisco and Boston. But we have good restaurants that could hold their own in any American city. More importantly, our restaurants reflect who we are here in Richmond. As the population has become more diverse and more sophisticated, so have our choices for dining out. It has never been better. And Bacchus is one more to add to the ever-growing list of good places to visit. Making its place at the busy corner of Meadow and West Main where many have gone before, Bacchus gathers inspiration from the robust flavors of the Mediterranean. Chef and co-owner Christopher di Lauro, who worked with Jay Frank at the Dining Room at the Berkeley, takes classic dishes and updates them with fresh nuances and sophistication. The previous tenant of the restaurant, Cabo's, now in roomier quarters on Broad, renovated the space, adding a handsome bar and moving the kitchen to a more logical place at the back of the room. It retains the casual bistro atmosphere, but the food is definitely several cuts above most little neighborhood places. We arrived for dinner just as a freakish summer thunderstorm knocked out a block of power, including that of the restaurant. We were undaunted as was the restaurant staff. With doors open for cooler air, some extra candles, and the cooks at the gas range, we dined as nonchalantly as Nero fiddled. Starters include a quartet of salads ($5-$7) and another quartet of appetizers ($6-$8), which include a classic antipasto, beef carpaccio, a wild mushroom-cornbread combo in a contemporary update of a classic pave, and Indian-spiced shrimp with lentils. A special focaccia topped with tomatoes, peppers and goat cheese caught our fancy and was enough for several to share. Intrigued by an entree of homemade ravioli stuffed with sweetbreads and mushrooms, I asked for an appetizer portion, which the staff accommodated generously. Sweetbreads, much maligned and misunderstood by those who have never tried them, are deliciously subtle in flavor and firm in texture. The ravioli, in a subtle sauce with a tangle of just-wilted arugula, was sublime. Entrees ($13-$22) range from a vegetarian risotto with summer vegetables and a zesty tapenade to a grilled shell steak with gorgonzola mashed potatoes. Several fish and shellfish dishes are clearly a special interest of the chef. These include Bacchus bouillabaisse, a contemporary interpretation on the classic Marseilles fish soup. Slices of perfect, medium-rare duck breast and braised portobello mushrooms around a mound of creamy polenta with a heady port wine reduction is perhaps more an autumn dish than summer, but it is deliciously complex and appetizing even on a warm summer night sans air-conditioning. Seared sea scallops on a silken bed of garlicky orzo with wilted spinach and proscuitto was again a model of subtle complexity. A sprinkle of crisp frizzled leeks adds an interesting texture and flavor. Desserts ($5) are several and change every few days. We finished with a slice of lemon tart, a refreshing close. Whether by bacchanalian inspiration or hunger for something beyond the ordinary, try Bacchus. They'll treat you to a delicious


Evidence-based analysis for Gillham Road shows bike lanes are well-used and encourage people to bike more than before. People love it and want to see more protected places to bike, walk, and roll.
City Hall is repaving 47th Street/Cleaver Boulevard right now, but is choosing not to close a dangerous gap between three important bike/pedestrian corridors. They are missing a huge opportunity to leverage the repaving process to quickly and efficiently make a much-needed safety improvement.
Proposed compromise would convert one-way protected bike lanes to a two-way cycletrack with more permanent car parking, with final decision delayed at least two weeks to work out the details.
UPDATE: Read our report from the February 1st hearing at City Hall and proposed compromise for Truman Road. BikeWalkKC learned this morning (January 27) that Councilmembers Robinson (3rd District) and Ellington (3rd District At-Large) have introduced an ordinance to remove Truman Road from the Protected Bike Lane Plan. In addition, it would force the […]
Dear BikeWalkKC Members, We want to give a brief update on the meeting that was held at the Gregg/Klice Community Center on January 18 regarding the Truman Road protected bike lane project. The primary purpose of the meeting was for city officials to share the solutions and revised plans to the project based on community […]
Dear BikeWalkKC members, Many of you have expressed concerns about recent developments related to the Truman Road protected bike lane project. We want to provide you with the information we have at hand, and to offer some additional resources and recommendations for next steps. On January 6, 2023, a meeting was held at Gregg/Klice Community […]
5 year plan and 2022 project list approved 11-2 by City Council
Update: KCMO City Council voted 11-2 to approve a five-year plan for protected bike lanes and a list of projects scheduled for construction in 2022. Attend public meetings and reach out to your councilmembers in support of more connected and protected routes for 2022 and beyond! When KCMO passed the Vision Zero resolution back in 2020, […]
With more protected bike lanes getting built in the KC region recently, there is a lot to learn about this new infrastructure. We created a new guide about protected bike lanes to help everyone learn more about what they are, why they are so important for safety, and how to use them. All About Protected […]
As we approach the one year anniversary of Kansas City’s first protected bike lanes on Armour Boulevard in KCMO, data from Public Works and the KCPD shows that traffic crashes are down, bike traffic is up, and car traffic is calmer. City Hall is also making some tweaks to the design in response to concerns about visibility at intersections for motorists. This data and the City’s willingness to make iterative improvements will help ensure lessons learned on Armour are used in the new bike plan and future bike lane projects.


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The design need to create effect to your wall art. Can it be modern or contemporary, luxury, minimalist, classic or traditional? Modern and contemporary design has minimalist/clean lines and generally makes use of bright color and different simple colors. Traditional interior is sophisticated, it can be a bit conventional with colors that vary from ivory to variety shades of green and different colors. When considering the decorations and designs of peruvian wall art should also useful and practical. Furthermore, get with your personalized design and everything you prefer being an customized. Most of the pieces of wall art must match one another and also be in balance with your current space. When you have an interior design themes, the peruvian wall art that you add should squeeze into that appearance.
Do you want peruvian wall art to be always a relaxed atmosphere that reflects your main personality? For this reason why it's highly recommended to make sure that you get all of the furniture pieces that you are required, they harmonize each other, and that deliver benefits. Whole furniture and the wall art is all about making a relaxing and cozy interior for homeowner and friends. Personal style will be amazing to apply into the decoration, and it is the small unique variations which make originality in a room. As well, the ideal setting of the wall art and other furniture also making the area look more gorgeous.
Peruvian wall art is an investment in your home and shows a lot about your preferences, your personal decor should be reflected in the piece of furniture and wall art that you select. Whether your choices are modern or classic, there are many new products on the store. Do not buy wall art and furniture you never like, no matter what others advise. Remember, it's your home so be certain to fun with home furnishings, decoration and nuance.
High quality product was created to be comfortable, relaxing, and may therefore create your peruvian wall art feel and look more stunning. When considering to wall art, quality always be the main factors. Top quality wall art can provide you relaxed feel and also stay longer than cheaper products. Stain-resistant products may also be an excellent idea particularly if you have children or frequently host guests. The colors of the wall art has a crucial position in affecting the mood of the room. Neutral paint color wall art will work wonders every time. Playing around with additional and other pieces in the space will customize the space.
Just like anything else, in current trend of numerous products, there be seemingly unlimited choices as it pertains to find peruvian wall art. You may think you know accurately what you want, but as soon as you go to a shop also search photos online, the variations, shapes, and customization possibilities can become overwhelming. Better to save the time, money, budget, effort, also energy and take advantage of these methods to obtain a smart concept of what you would like and what you require prior to starting the search and think about the appropriate models and choose appropriate colors, below are a few tips and inspirations on deciding on the best peruvian wall art.
- Peruvian Wall Art – Wall Graffiti Art Throughout Peruvian Wall Art View Photo 1 of 20
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Toddler Breakfast: Mini Banana Pancake Muffins - These have gotten rave reviews from friends.
Fun breakfast idea
Fun With Kids
How to make the most delicious grilled zucchini.
"power muffins" made with blueberries, oatmeal, and greek yogurt
Breakfast skewers. So cute!! Would love to do this Christmas morning :)
Healthy Snacks Yum and Easy Recipes Baked Apple Cinnamon chips
Sugar cravings? Slice a banana, drizzle honey, sprinkle cinnamon, put in the oven for 10 minutes at 350 degrees.
Pinner said: "I drink this every morning- it has helped me lose all my post-pregnancy baby weight! Now I weigh less than when I got pregnant!"
DIY: Easy Cinnamon French Toast Sticks for Breakfast. Goodness, these look amazing! :-D
Food Glorious Foooood!!!!!
These are honestly the best pancakes ever! I add pure vanilla extract too. Everyday clean eats! Delish


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A big game from Finlay Oliver propelled the Oneonta boys soccer team to a 5-0 road victory over Windsor on Wednesday.
The Schenevus girls soccer team built on an early lead with a big second half to defeat Worcester 6-0 at home on Wednesday.
The Morris/Edmeston girls soccer team blanked Franklin 5-0 on Monday.
The Delhi football team opened its season on Friday with a 31-6 road victory over Oneonta.


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CCPAC will be performing at several community and public events in the coming months. Check back here for dates, times and how you can support all of the talented kids in our organization!
NJ Theatre Celebration
June 3, 2017
July 15, 2017 at the Wells Fargo Center in Philadelphia
Fall Festival at Laurel Acres Park in Mount Laurel, NJ - September 16, 2017
EVENTS, PERFORMANCES and FUNDRAISERS!


PDR is an abbreviation for Paintless Dent Repair – which means the management of dents and damages caused to car bodywork without traditional repairing methods.
This method covers a wide range of damages that can be repaired without varnishing and painting the bodywork.
The PDR repair technique can be applied to sheet metal and aluminum parts of car and engine bodies. The most common use of the PDR technique is in cases of damage to the sheet metal caused by hail and ice, damage caused by door-to-door blows, and larger and smaller depressions caused by other influences. The success of PDR repair depends on the flexibility of the painted surface, the size of the damage, and the metal structure of the body.
How is the PDR repair done?
The repair of the damaged car body is done after dismantling the lining on the inside/bottom of the element. Depending on the position of the damage, the most common method is repairing the car body with a lever system, if the damage is accessible from the inside.
If it’s not possible to approach the indentation/damage from the inside, a special system for extracting the indentation from the outside is applied, using glue and appropriate tools. After the repair, the linings are returned to their place and the car body is once again thoroughly inspected and cleaned before it is delivered to the client.
Auto body shop Prince Albert is an SGI accredited Elite auto body repair shop and a market leader in the collision repair industry especially experienced in paintless dent repairs including hail dents and cosmetic dents. Rest assured your car is in good hands with our experienced dent repair specialists. Apart from PDR, we take pride in a wide range of auto body repair services including collision repair services, auto glass services, and SGI accident claims. With the highest level of care for our customers and their vehicles, we are the market leader in the collision repair industry through training, cutting-edge equipment, repair material technology, and best repair practices.
Standard PDR procedure
The remediation process includes 4 steps:
1. Damage assessment
2. Gaining entry to the dent
3. Massaging the sheet metal to its original position
4. Pressure and straightening
The first step of any PDR repair procedure is damage assessment. Where is the recess? What is the recess? How do we get to the recess? After assessing the damage and determining whether it can be effectively removed with PDR, we prepare the area around the recess for repair.
Gaining entry to the dent
In most cases, PDR requires access from the rear of the recess, which means careful removal of body panels, taillights, or, in some cases, interior panels. To perform PDR, you need a path to the recess. Once we have access to the recess, it is time to repair the PDR. This is where the precision and expertise of our trained technicians take place.
Massaging the sheet metal to its original position
To have a better look at the recess and decide on the best possible method to repair it, the PDR technician uses a special light board in his work.
The board perfectly shows the shadow of the recess, telling the technicians where exactly to place the tools at the back of the recess to massage the car body and return it to its original state.
Then special tools are used to carefully massage the sheet metal to return it to its original position.
The PDR process can be completed on the same day, depending on the severity of the indentation, the results are amazing and the process itself is non-invasive and fast.
How much damage can PDR actually eliminate?
The PDR method can remove various types of dents, dirt, and creases and is a specialized technique used to quickly and economically return the vehicle to its factory condition.
In addition, if there is no damage to the color, the dent, thread or crease can probably be repaired using the PDR technique. What’s more, PDR is a great solution to help restore your vehicle to its original condition on potholes of all sizes, including greater damage from various weather conditions and accident damages.
What is the difference between the traditional sheet metal straightening and the PDR method?
In the traditional method, putty and paint are used to correct dents. When selling a car, the price of the vehicle falls because it was hit and painted. Unlike the traditional method with PDR, the concave body returns to its original position so that nothing is noticed.


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Unemployment: We need a Tier 5, NOW!
This petition had 5,958 supporters
Mr. President, Senators and Representatives:
Please, we are now begging of you, stop ignoring the American people who are reduced to poverty. We did not create this depression but we are living it, everyday. We need help. NOW. People who were fully employed, paying taxes, and raising families are now paying the ultimate price. You are deliberately failing us by ignoring our most basics and urgent needs. As of today, there are still no plans to add additional weeks of benefit to existing tiers or/and a tier V to keep us from becoming increasingly destitute.
Hundred of thousands people have lost or will lose all financial support. I, myself received my last benefit check of $102 on March 15, How long do you suppose my daughters and myself will survive?
These benefits are simply meant to keep food on our tables and a roof over our heads. No luxuries, just the basics... How long will it be before we become part of the sad statistics and become another American homeless family when we cannot afford our electric or gas bills? Rent/mortgage? How about food? What do I tell my children when they are hungry? Yes, homelessness and suicide is in the increase, does anyone care in Washington? How many tragedies will you need before addressing this issue? This is the result of your own doing. You will have blood on your hands.
We have money to help the rest of the world when a catastrophe strikes, how about starting in our own backyard for a change and take care of the American people first???? It is not only a national catastrophe but a modern tragedy that should be getting your undivided attention.
Do not end benefits until there are actually jobs for us. As of now, there is still only 1 job for every 6 unemployed workers.
ADD A TIER 5. NOW.
WE ARE BEGGING OF YOU!
Today: Nathalie is counting on you
Nathalie Armsworthy needs your help with “Unemployment: We need a Tier 5, NOW!”. Join Nathalie and 5,957 supporters today.


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A period is a release of blood from a girl's uterus , out through her vagina. It is a sign that she is getting close to the end of puberty. There is a lot to learn about periods. Here are some common questions that teens have. Most girls get their first period when they're around But getting it any time between age 10 and 15 is OK.
Virgin suggests her pussy as payment
Period Blood Pussy | CLOUDY GIRL PICS
Stock Photography and Stock Footage
Menstruation, or period, is a woman's monthly bleeding. Abnormal vaginal bleeding is different from normal menstrual periods. It could be bleeding that is between periods, is very heavy, or lasts much longer than usual. It also includes bleeding that happens before puberty or after menopause. Causes can include.
Vaginal bleeding is any bleeding from the vagina. This bleeding may originate from the uterus , vaginal wall, or cervix. Vaginal bleeding during pregnancy may indicate a possible pregnancy complication that needs to be medically addressed. Blood loss per vaginam Latin : through the vagina PV typically arises from the lining of the uterus endometrium , but may arise from uterine or cervical lesions, the vagina, and rarely from the fallopian tube.

domain: medical


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Hey all, I'm back with this week's Little Red Wagon project.
This week Deanna is challenging us to use three flowers on our creation. Inspired by one I saw on Etsy, I made this card:
Isn't it sweet?
So dig into your wagons for those flowers and link up your creation over at Little Red Wagon. We love to see what you create!

domain: design


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The Outsider by Stephen King
My rating: 3 of 5 stars
“Once you eliminate the natural, whatever remains must be supernatural?”
For the record, I am NOT a fan of Stephen King. That’s not to say that I would never become one, I just haven’t read enough of anything of his that I have really LOVED. That said, if creepy, dark, and twisted is what you enjoy, this book will not disappoint. The Outsider was an unnecessarily longwinded partly enjoyable police procedural turned supernatural creepy monster thriller. The unspeakable heinous sexual acts of the creature turned me off from the start, and I don’t think such brutality was needed for what otherwise was a good story. The characters were bizarre, offbeat, and totally awesome. I LOVED Holly Gibney and old lady Lovey. I appreciated the strong female cast of this novel. It was also great to see both unbelievers and believers work together to create a cozy, investigative team concerned with seeking the truth, whatever that may be. Was this book creepy? That would be a big HELL YES! One particular scene had me turning all the lights on in my house. A hint of folklore adds a nice touch. This book was just too damn long. Three stars.


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Involving Families and Communities in the Education of Children and Youth Placed At Risk
by Mavis G. Sanders, Glenda L. Allen-Jones & Yolanda Abel - 2002
This chapter discusses the current state of family and community involvement in the schooling of students placed at risk. It describes developments in research and policy in family and community involvement during the past decade. It also reports continued barriers to family and community involvement, especially in low-resource, high-risk schools and communities. The chapter concludes with suggestions for maximizing schools’ capacity to involve families and communities in the education of children and youth placed at risk. It emphasizes the importance of teacher preparation and professional development, a team approach to partnership program design and implementation, and district-level support and facilitation.
To view the full-text for this article you must be signed-in with the appropriate membership. Please review your options below:

domain: library


Border City Castings was Established in 1994 with a large manufacturing area of 16000sq ft. Our President and General Manager Bob Nadeau has been in the foundry industry for 35 years. Drake Nadeau our supervisor and production manager along with Bob brings a wealth of expertise to our team.
At Border City Castings, we pride ourselves on being very diversified in the types of metals, sizes, and designs of the castings we produce. We can effectively meet the requirements put forth by our customers no matter how diverse they may be.
Office Area is 1500sq ft.
Land Area is 7.85 Acres.
Casting size- 0.5 lbs. to 2000lbs.
Production Capacity is 80 tons monthly.
Molding Process – No bake (Environmentally Friendly) CO2 process.
Coremaking Process – No bake (Environmentally Friendly) CO2 process.
Melting Process – Electric Induction Furnace.
Finishing Process – Wheelabrating finish, Sand blast finish, heat treat, and fully machined castings if required.


text: The vertical diel activity of a fish assemblage inhabiting the Senigallia artificial reef (northern Adriatic Sea, Italy) was evaluated from July to November 1996 using enhanced hydroacoustic techniques. Extensive seabed mapping of the area was done using a multibeam echosounder to obtain background imagery of the reef structures and identify the most suitable locations for placing stationary acoustic transducers. Three acoustic transducers were placed inside the reef area, while a fourth was located in the open sea outside the area. Data analysis was conducted on three different depth layers: surface, midwater and bottom. In each layer, diel fish biomass inside the reef showed two peaks, one in the early morning and the other in the late evening. Slightly different behaviour was observed outside the protected area. Comparison of the layers showed that fish biomass was not homogeneously distributed along the water column throughout the sampling period. There were high values in the middle and bottom layers until the end of August. However, no significant biomass variations in time were observed outside the reef where low values were always recorded in each layer.


A copy of this work was available on the public web and has been preserved in the Wayback Machine. The capture dates from 2022; you can also visit the original URL.
The file type is
PATExpert is a recently started "Specific Targeted Research Project" funded by the EC in FP 6, IST priority. PATExpert's goal is to change the paradigm currently followed for patent processing from textual to semantic. We are about to develop a semantic multimedia content representation based on Semantic Web technologies for selected technology areas and to investigate some central topics from the semantic representation angle: patent retrieval and classification, content extraction, generationdblp:conf/samt/WannerBDGKPRSZ06 fatcat:tettnu6wtraunm32etvqkblvqa


Today, even a children can make music by utilizing their cell phone. With no melodic instrument and in the same number of takes and retakes as they need. Anybody can bring a chronicle studio with practically boundless tracks in his/her pockets as portable applications.
It is really the brilliant age for artists. For making the music, we require an application. Extraordinary compared to other is the Garage Band. Shockingly, the applications are just for iOS. GarageBand For Android is an entire music creation studio with a total sound library. The application incorporates programming instruments, presets for guitar and voice, even virtual session drummers.
An instinctive interface makes it simple to learn, play, record, make, and offer your hits around the world. It’s never been less demanding to make music like an expert. All things considered, now the carport Band is manufactured just for iOS. Not knowing when it will be discharged on the android gadget I get it won’t. Anyway, that is the reason the android engineer built up the same application with various interface yet a similar capacity, that is the reason we are here to draw out the rundown of the applications.
1. Stage Light
Make beats. Blend circles. Make full tunes with vocal tracks. Any style, anyplace, for nothing. Stagelight is the least demanding approach to make music. Anybody can do it. Release your internal music producer and get crackin’ on the best DAW for Android.
Stagelight was propelled first for Windows and was intended to be utilized by anybody. Regardless of whether you are a novice or expert, Stagelight should work fine and dandy. Extraordinary compared to other things about Stagelight is its simple to utilize UI.
Blending tracks ought not be an issue here, and on the off chance that you need unique music tracks for a little charge, Stagelight offers prevalent music from performers, for example, Timbaland and Linkin Park. It likewise could import some music from other and alter it.
2. Magix Music Maker Jam
Make your own tracks with Music Maker Jam! Regardless of whether you’re into hip jump, trap, shake or EDM – look over more than 100 styles and express your innovativeness. Feature your tunes in our music network and find awesome tracks from all around the globe. Try not to have any experience making music? You needn’t bother with any. Music Maker Jam causes you make music by joining circles – short melodic lumps that you can play again and again in circles, henceforth the name. There are more than 100 music styles and 8-channel blender that will give you a lot of space to channel your innovativeness.
3. Pocket Band
Manufacture brilliant tracks as a succession of circles, blending synths, drums, sound chronicles, simple modulators and arpeggiators. Apply Fx to channels and fare to mp3 or ringtones. Likewise distribute, play and team up in our locale.
Pocketband is a mix of application and online administration that can enable you to produce and offer substance with kindred artists around the world. It implies you need a record and a dynamic web association with utilize it legitimately.


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Welcome to the Kentucky Skills U Lesson Bank!
The Kentucky Skills U Lesson Bank is a repository of standards-based units and lessons created by Kentucky Skills U instructors. Kentucky Skills U has developed a process for lesson acceptance which includes a template with specific guidance on what should be included in each section, and a rubric for scoring. All lessons and units have undergone a rigorous vetting process to ensure they are relevant and appropriate to the adult learner. By requiring the use of the College and Career Readiness (CCR) Standards for Adult Education and the Kentucky Skills U Employability Standards these lessons and units expose students to the critical skills and knowledge expected and required for transition to colleges, technical training programs, and to get and keep a job. For more information about Kentucky Skills U, please click on the logo to the left.
Kentucky Skills U instructors and students featured in these photos


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Availability & Shipping
Barry’sTickets.com provides the most comprehensive inventory of Justin Bieber San Francisco tickets available on the secondary market. If the Justin Bieber San Francisco tickets of the show you would like to attend are currently unavailable, please sign up for our priority mailing list and be among the first to know when they do become available!
We ship all of our Justin Bieber San Francisco, CA tickets via FedEx. Please take into consideration that Saturday deliveries must be requested at the time of your ticket purchase and will carry an extra charge.
Barry’s Tickets is your source for tickets to see a Justin Bieber show live in person. We provide schedules and information, including tour dates, venues, parking, seating, directions, and more. No matter what type of Justin Bieber San Francisco seats you are looking for, we make it easy and convenient to buy your Justin Bieber tickets online or over the phone. Contact us for your Justin Bieber tickets today!
Justin Bieber Contest Entries:
- Myra N.
I like Justin Bieber because he is a teen just like me except he is a boy. When he sings One Less Lonely Girl, I just want to cry finally there is a guy that doesn‘t hurt the girls. He makes me feel like he thinks girls are important which Me and my best friend are glad someone does. I live in a small town surrounded by a big town so me and my friends don’t get to do much stuff for fun, but when Justin bieber came along we could sit on the phone for hours just talking about him! I also like him because he visited the kids in the hospital which probably the best thing that has happen to them. I know if I was in the hospital and Justin bieber had came and seen me I would probably have to say he is my hero and he is. since I heard that Justin Bieber went to those hospital I have wanted to become a better person. Justin is MY Hero. He makes me feel like I can be a better person, still get straight A’s and be a loving person. most of the photo’s on my wall are of Justin Bieber, I have both of his CD’s, and I record all the shows he is on. I would say he is my idol, my hero, and a human being just like all of us. why I like Justin Bieber is because he is a nice teenager.
- Jada K.
I like Justin Bieber because of his amazing singing voice and super cool dance moves ! And, because he has warm flashy brown eyes and a smile that makes the world smile. Yeah I got it bad but I really like Justin because he is there for his fans. He performed after his arm was almost broken , and signed autographs after getting so sick he threw - up. I like Justin because he is kind and has a beautiful heart. His biggest fear is that his fans could get hurt. When his guitarist was accidentally hurt , he called him on stage , to play guitar . I like Justin because he is so brave , his parents divorce was hard for him but he does'nt show it. He hardly sees his friends and family , but he's on that stage each night making others happy. I like Justin because he is talented , creative, and never gives up. He made all those youtube videos without knowing he'd be discovered. I like him because he's dedicated and hard-working. He does lots of T-v shows, even with his grueling tour schedule and hardly sleeps . I like Justin because he can act and he's funny after Saturday night live , my family was still laughing the next day! And bieber or die is hilarious! Most of all , I like Justin because he is for real. Anyone who meets him would be changed for life. That's why I'd like to see him at the Allen-town fair and that why I like Justin Bieber .

domain: celebrity


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Preparing Biologists for Research
Biological Science is a broad degree program encompassing all of the life sciences. Administered jointly by the Departments of Botany, Microbiology, and Zoology, the coursework is designed to develop a coherent and holistic background in the life sciences. It also prepares students for careers in a broad range of employment opportunities such as conservation, environmental consulting and management, education, forensic sciences, and health-related industries. The biological sciences degree is also an excellent choice for those wishing to gain admittance to graduate school and professional programs.
Physiology is a specialized life science degree which requires courses in general zoology, genetics, gross and comparative anatomy, general and mammalian physiology, and biochemistry. Students majoring in Physiology exclusively take laboratory and seminar coursework for advanced study in the field. The physiology degree prepares students for professional school, graduate school, and research positions with universities, government agencies or industry.
Zoology is designed to provide students a thorough background in the biology of animals. The degree program includes courses in vertebrate and invertebrate zoology, ecology, evolution, genetics, and physiology, and also allows students to select coursework in their chosen field. The zoology degree prepares students for graduate school and for many applied and professional careers, such as field or lab research, animal care, animal conservation, education, and public outreach.

domain: biology