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Bearded dragons are fascinating creatures that make great pets. As a responsible owner, it’s important to provide them with a balanced diet that meets their nutritional needs. One question that often comes up is whether or not bearded dragons can eat radicchio. In this article, we’ll explore the answer to this question and provide you with all the information you need to make an informed decision about feeding your bearded dragon.
Radicchio is a type of leafy green vegetable that is often used in salads and other dishes. While it may be a healthy choice for humans, it’s important to know whether or not it’s safe for bearded dragons to eat. Read on to learn more about the nutritional value of radicchio and whether or not it’s a good choice for your pet.
Can Bearded Dragons Eat Radicchio?
If you are a bearded dragon owner, you might be wondering if radicchio is a safe and healthy addition to your pet’s diet. Radicchio is a type of leafy vegetable that is often used in salads and other dishes, but can it be given to bearded dragons? In this article, we will explore the nutritional benefits and potential risks of feeding radicchio to bearded dragons.
What is Radicchio?
Radicchio is a type of chicory that is known for its bright red or purple leaves and bitter taste. It is often used in salads and other dishes as a flavor enhancer. Radicchio is a low-calorie vegetable that is high in fiber, vitamins, and minerals. It contains antioxidants that can help protect against cell damage and reduce inflammation.
Nutritional Benefits of Radicchio
Radicchio is a nutritious vegetable that can provide several health benefits to bearded dragons. It contains high levels of vitamins, including vitamin K, vitamin C, and vitamin A. These vitamins are essential for proper growth and development in bearded dragons. Radicchio is also a good source of minerals, such as iron, potassium, and calcium, which are important for maintaining healthy bones and muscles.
Potential Risks of Feeding Radicchio to Bearded Dragons
While radicchio is generally safe for bearded dragons to eat, there are some potential risks that should be considered. Radicchio contains a compound called lactucarium, which can cause digestive upset in some bearded dragons. In addition, radicchio is high in oxalates, which can bind with calcium and prevent its absorption in the body. This can lead to calcium deficiency and other health problems in bearded dragons.
Can Bearded Dragons Eat Radicchio?
Bearded dragons can eat radicchio in moderation as part of a balanced diet. It should not be the main source of food for bearded dragons, but rather a treat or occasional addition to their diet. Bearded dragons should be fed a variety of vegetables, fruits, and insects to ensure a balanced and nutritious diet.
How to Prepare Radicchio for Bearded Dragons
Before feeding radicchio to bearded dragons, it should be thoroughly washed to remove any pesticides or other contaminants. Radicchio can be chopped or shredded into small pieces and mixed with other vegetables and fruits to create a balanced diet. It can also be offered as a treat or used as a food topper to entice bearded dragons to eat their other foods.
Alternative Vegetables for Bearded Dragons
If you are concerned about the potential risks of feeding radicchio to your bearded dragon, there are several other vegetables that can provide similar nutritional benefits. Some of the best vegetables for bearded dragons include collard greens, mustard greens, turnip greens, and dandelion greens. These vegetables are low in oxalates and high in calcium, making them a safe and nutritious addition to your pet’s diet.
Radicchio vs. Other Vegetables
When compared to other vegetables, radicchio is a good source of vitamins and minerals, but it is also high in oxalates and lactucarium. This makes it a less ideal choice for bearded dragons than other vegetables that are lower in oxalates and higher in calcium. However, if fed in moderation, radicchio can still be a healthy and nutritious addition to your pet’s diet.
In conclusion, bearded dragons can eat radicchio in moderation as part of a balanced diet. While it is a nutritious vegetable that can provide several health benefits to bearded dragons, it is also high in oxalates and lactucarium, which can cause digestive upset and calcium deficiency in some bearded dragons. If you are unsure about whether to feed radicchio to your bearded dragon, consult with a veterinarian or reptile nutritionist for guidance.
Frequently Asked Questions
Here are some commonly asked questions regarding whether bearded dragons can eat radicchio or not.
Is radicchio safe for bearded dragons to eat?
Yes, radicchio is safe for bearded dragons to eat. It is a great source of vitamins and minerals, including vitamin K and folate. However, it should only be given to them in moderation as too much of it can cause digestive issues.
It is also important to note that radicchio should not be the main component of their diet and should only be given to them as an occasional treat.
How should radicchio be prepared for bearded dragons?
Before feeding radicchio to your bearded dragon, it should be washed thoroughly to remove any pesticides or dirt. It should then be chopped into small, bite-sized pieces to make it easier for them to eat and digest.
It is also recommended to mix radicchio with other vegetables and fruits to create a balanced diet for your bearded dragon.
What are the benefits of feeding radicchio to bearded dragons?
Radicchio is a great source of vitamins and minerals that are essential for the health and well-being of bearded dragons. It contains high levels of vitamin K, which helps with blood clotting, and folate, which supports cell growth and development.
It also contains antioxidants that can help boost the immune system and protect against disease and illness. Additionally, it is low in calories and high in fiber, making it a great option for bearded dragons that need to maintain a healthy weight.
Can feeding too much radicchio be harmful to bearded dragons?
Yes, feeding your bearded dragon too much radicchio can be harmful to their health. Radicchio contains high levels of oxalates, which can bind to calcium and prevent it from being absorbed by the body.
This can lead to metabolic bone disease, which is a serious condition that can cause deformities, fractures, and even death. Therefore, it is important to only feed radicchio to your bearded dragon in moderation and as part of a balanced diet.
What other vegetables and fruits can bearded dragons eat?
Bearded dragons can eat a variety of vegetables and fruits, including collard greens, kale, spinach, carrots, bell peppers, and strawberries. It is important to offer a varied diet to ensure they are getting all of the nutrients they need.
However, there are also some foods that should be avoided, such as avocado, rhubarb, and citrus fruits, as they can be toxic to bearded dragons. It is best to do some research before introducing new foods to their diet to ensure they are safe and nutritious.
Bearded Dragon Eating Radicchio! One of her favorite treats!
In conclusion, bearded dragons can eat radicchio, but it should only be given to them in moderation. While it does contain some beneficial nutrients, it also has a high oxalate content that can lead to health problems if consumed too frequently. It’s important to remember that a balanced diet is essential for your bearded dragon’s overall health and well-being.
If you do choose to feed your bearded dragon radicchio, be sure to chop it into small, bite-sized pieces and offer it as part of a varied diet that includes other leafy greens, vegetables, and protein sources. Always monitor your pet’s health and behavior closely, and consult with a veterinarian if you notice any concerning symptoms or changes in appetite.
In summary, while radicchio can be a nutritious addition to your bearded dragon’s diet, it should be given in moderation and as part of a well-rounded diet. By taking a balanced and cautious approach to feeding your pet, you can help ensure that they stay healthy and happy for years to come.


Reporters speaking on television Wednesday, said that President Trump has been emboldened by being acquitted of impeachment charges.
Trump had congratulated the nation’s attorney general Wednesday for intervening to lower the Justice Department’s sentencing recommendation for the president’s longtime friend Roger J. Stone Jr.
Trump’s comments, reporters said, demonstrated that the department is ceding its independence to the White House.
The initial sentencing recommendation for Stone was filed on Monday. On Tuesday, it was amended and refiled stating that the earlier version “did not accurately reflected the Department of Justice’s position on what would be a reasonable sentence in the matter.” The DOJ instead suggested an unspecified term.
Presidents typically have avoided interfering in Justice Department decisions to avoid allegations of improper influence, though there is no law against it. Trump has publicly inserted himself into several Justice Department matters, in some instances to protect friends like Stone and to direct investigations into his political rivals.
Jonathan Kravis, one of the prosecutors in the Stone case, wrote in a court filing that he had resigned as an assistant U.S. attorney, leaving government altogether. Three others — Aaron S.J. Zelinsky, Adam Jed and Michael Marando — filed notices with the judge saying “please notice the withdrawal” from the case.
The president said Stone was treated “very badly” and that prosecutors “ought to apologize to him.”
As the drama unfolded Tuesday afternoon, Trump also decided to withdraw his nomination of the District’s former U.S. attorney, Jessie K. Liu, to serve as Treasury Department undersecretary for terrorism and financial crimes, people familiar with the matter said. The withdrawal was originally reported by Axios.
The reason for the withdrawal was not clear. Liu had left her U.S. attorney post last month in as somewhat unusual move, because she had not yet received Senate confirmation for her new job. She was replaced on an interim basis by Timothy Shea, a former counselor to Attorney General William P. Barr.
Senate Minority Leader Charles E. Schumer (D-N.Y.) asked the Justice Department’s inspector general to investigate, writing, “This situation has all the indicia of improper political interference in a criminal prosecution.”
Rep. Bill Pascrel, Jr. (D-N.J.) said the move amounted to “obstruction of justice.”
“We are seeing a full-frontal assault on the rule of law in America,” Pascrell said. “Direct political interference in our justice system is a hallmark of a banana republic.”
“Despite whatever Trump, William Barr, and their helpers think, the United States is a nation of laws and not an authoritarian’s paradise.”


Modular measuring system for rubber seals
The manual measurement of objects can be very labour-intensive and time consuming. To relieve the employees of a manufacturer of frame seals, phil-vision developed an optical measuring system to check the dimensional accuracy of free form gaskets automatically and precisely.
Previously, a manufacturer of frame seals checked the dimensional accuracy of rubber gaskets at random intervals at a single test station. This measuring and testing process, which was carried out manually by a person, should be automated and run randomly in future.
The development of an interactive system solution presented us with several challenges. The main problem was the almost infinite number of different seals that had to be measured. In addition, the solution had to be highly accurate, easy to operate and be able to be adapted quickly and flexibly to a wide variety of seals. Last but not least, the customer wanted a cost-efficient system that they could install themselves.
This task was successfully solved with a precise optical system based on a high-resolution camera with telecentric lens and different lighting scenarios.


Structure and governance
A global presence
Recognizing the value of bringing together police within a region to share experiences and tackle common crime issues, the Secretariat has seven regional offices:
- Argentina (Buenos Aires)
- Cameroon (Yaoundé)
- Côte d’Ivoire (Abidjan)
- El Salvador (San Salvador)
- Kenya (Nairobi)
- Thailand (Bangkok)
- Zimbabwe (Harare)
Our presence on the international stage is strengthened through liaison offices at the United Nations in New York and at the European Union in Brussels. These enable us to work closely with those UN and EU departments and entities that share our mission of preventing and combating transnational crime, and develop joint efforts to enhance regional and global security.
In order to further strengthen our physical presence across the world, we opened the INTERPOL Global Complex for Innovation (IGCI) in Singapore (officially inaugurated in April 2015). The activities centred at the IGCI revolve around research and development in the identification of crimes and criminals, innovation-based capacity building, and provision of 24/7 operational police support.
Reflecting the diversity of our membership, around 100 different nationalities are currently represented at the Secretariat and its regional offices, many of them law enforcement personnel seconded or loaned from their national administration. Having these connections in all regions of the world ensures the Organization can provide enhanced support wherever it may be needed.
Staff work in any of the Organization's four official languages: Arabic, English, French and Spanish and have developed new tools, databases and services to help member countries fight a wide range of criminal activities and to encourage communication and cooperation between National Central Bureaus.


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We continue with the second part of the interview with Kenia and Jomaris, the two Daughters of Jesus assigned to the Peruvian Amazon.
What is their religion, their values?
They are a people who, in general, maintain their identity, their ancestral values, their cults. Arutam is the name of their God who, in reality, are their ancestors, who grew wings and ascended to heaven and, from there, accompany them. They say that they light their tobacco and, with the smoke, they communicate with their ancestors, who are in heaven, and give them strength.
They say that in order to live, they need vision. It is a key word in the village. For that vision of what they are going to do, their life plan, their projects, they do a fast that consists of withdrawing into the forest, inside, with a person who guides them. It is like an initiation into their adult life. But they also do this fast when they have to make decisions, when they are faced with a problem. They withdraw far away, they take their drink, their guayus, and they have vision to know the answer, like in a dream. They have to fall asleep, and they fall asleep because of the grass. They do it from the desire to communicate with their interiority.
The Catholic Church arrived with an Italian priest who learned the language, translated the Bible into Achuar and evangelised them a lot. He is a very dear person who is now dead. That priest became another Achuar, and they are grateful that he became one of them. That is why they enter the Catholic religion, that is why there are permanent deacons who have been ordained. They are the ones who celebrate the Word, distribute the Eucharist, celebrate baptisms?
The Evangelical Church has also arrived, although its position on the ancestral is a little different.
Religiously, there is diversity.
What do they know about outsiders?
Although this is a first-contact original people, they have been open to “outsiders” for 50 years. Not before. Those who came in were greeted with shotguns, they are a warrior people. But for a long time now they have been allowing, with control, access to others. For example, they have the contract for the school and, when they want to, they throw the Lauritas out of here. We are welcome guests because we are helping them and because we respect their values and their culture, but they ask for an account. They are in charge and they are organised.
All the Achuar villages have a federation and this federation is the boss, it is the one that makes all the decisions. All changes in the village have to go through this federation. For example, the federation has an office in San Lorenzo and the head went to the house where we were so that the director could introduce us, so that they would know that there would be two sisters from another congregation working with them. We had to ask the permission of the apu, the chief of the community.
What are they doing there to protect the land?
Your organisation is asking the central government to legalise your territory. Having their territory means that no company can enter and exploit their land, because it is the central government that authorises companies to enter and exploit it. There are those who support the presence of oil companies and those who don’t, but at least there is dialogue and there is the proposal.
At school we also try to work for the defence of the land. We work on projects and, within the fourth project, there is the defence of territory and land rights. This first two-month school term we are working on the production of our farm and what to eat in order to be healthy, because there is a lot of anaemia and tuberculosis.
It is important to work on love for mother earth. It strikes us that they don’t always take care of it as they should. They go around with a machete in their hand and cut down all the small trees they find along the way. It strikes us that in this situation they do it, but it seems to be normal here.
What is the situation of women?
They have no personal decision. In the classroom they are more shy and the boys are a bit more extroverted. You can see the difference and if you don’t make them talk, they don’t talk at all. On the one hand, because of the language and, on the other hand, because of shyness, women have fewer possibilities to socialise in the community.
Women are the ones who sow and cultivate the land (clean the land). As polygamy is accepted, women are more subjugated, because otherwise the man will look for another woman. For example, now there is a girl who helps us and who is pregnant. As she can’t continue studying, she left us. We should be able to respond to this problem, but we don’t have the strength and the people are demanding it. We wanted her to study at a distance and we were giving her the materials to accompany her, but the Achuar themselves came and said “no, not her”. And she gave it up. It is a strong struggle.
What is the education like?
There are 60 families living in this community, but the students come from 24 different communities. Some are a three-day walk or a day’s boat ride down the river. Now, because of the pandemic, they are alternating for a month. They come in first and second grade, then they leave and come in third, fourth and fifth grade of secondary school. It’s a shame because it’s not good for the families economically. If they come by boat with a motor, they use up fuel; and if they come on foot, it’s a lot of work for the children to walk every month for three days through the jungle and between waters. Because sometimes there is something they call aguajanes, which is like getting into a swamp and the water gets up to their necks. It’s a difficult route.
The primary school begins with “materjardín”, as they call it. The children go from a very young age, but the level is very low because there is a lot of irresponsibility. Sometimes at 9:30 in the morning the children are already on their way home because the Achuar teachers don’t give them a lesson. And when they arrive here, at school, which is secondary school, supposedly from first to fifth grade, they arrive with a low, low, low level. They finish between the ages of 16 and 18 because there is over-age. Some of them start school, leave, then come back… It’s a relaxed life, in their own way.
The teaching is in Achuar, the project is bilingual. In the boarding school there are many teachers who speak their own language, but they also know Spanish. The students don’t speak Spanish well, some don’t speak it at all. Those who reach first grade are the ones who have the most difficulty speaking Spanish because all their primary education was in Achuar, in the regulations of the villages they maintain their native language. So they are given Achuar as their mother tongue, Spanish as a second language and English as a foreign language. But their communication is all in Achuar, so we don’t understand anything. But we are also learning.
Kenia and Jomaris plan to spend at least two years in the Peruvian Amazon, a place where there is a lot of work to do and many ways to collaborate. The students need a lot of presence, a lot of company, to raise their academic level and improve their quality of life. They face it with great enthusiasm because, as they say, “the mission is very beautiful”. Although they still do not understand the language, they see in them the joy, the receptivity, the affection, and the gratitude for their help without the need for words.
Thank you for your time and testimony. We hope to be able to continue sharing your experiences.

domain: sociology


text: Lets face it, you are busy. Your entire family is busy! So it can be very helpful and convenient to have a family dentist – one where you can bring your entire family – from the adults to the children. Dr. Scott Malavich and Dr. Andrea Schmerler of Beckham Square Family Dental, a Blue Ash dentists with an office located just minutes from Evendale and Sharonville Ohio, offers many cosmetic dental services including teeth whitening and dental implants. But what about non-cosmetic dental issues? You bet! Our office provides assistance with cracked fillings, root canals and also some dental emergencies. To learn more about our practice, call Beckham Square Family Dental today at 513.489.7800.

domain: health


As far as starts go, they don't get much better.
The 12th-ranked Kent State women's golf team opened NCAA East Lansing Regional play by firing a 6-under-par 282 Monday at Forest Akers West Golf Course in Michigan, and will take an eight-stroke lead into the second of three rounds on Tuesday. The top six teams advance to the NCAA Championship, set for May 17-22 in Fayetteville, Arkansas, and the Golden Flashes are 12 strokes clear of sixth place after one round.
"They got going right from the start, made some birdies coming out of the gate. They were all under par early on, then kept it going," said KSU coach Greg Robertson. "The weather conditions were very favorable for scoring, but the course isn't necessarily playing easy. They just all played really solid golf."
Junior Pimnipa Panthong led the charge by firing a 4-under 68 that leaves her all alone in first place, one shot ahead of Michigan State's Haylin Harris.
"Pim was in control the whole way around," said Roberston. "She was swinging well, hit some shots close and made a few putts."
Senior Michaela Finn eagled the par-4 18th hole to get to 1-under along with freshman Thitapa Pakdeesettak, while sophomore Chloe Salort carded an even-par 72.
The Flashes shot 6-under despite on off day from ace Karoline Stormo. The junior from Norway who has won four tournaments this season bogeyed the last three holes to shoot 4-over 76.
"She struggled a little bit, but we've got a solid team with four other players that can step up and shoot good scores any time," said Robertson. "Hats off to our other four players today. Karoline will be fine, just one of those days. She'll bring it tomorrow."
No. 5 Arizona shot 2-over 290 and rests in second place, followed by No. 28 Illinois at plus-4. No. 4 Stanford is tied for eighth after one round at 10-over.
"There are still 36 holes left," said Robertson. "Our job is to keep playing good and aggressive golf, keep our foot on the accelerator. If we do that, we'll be fine."


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- 3 cups flour
- 2 tsp ground ginger
- 1 tsp cinnamon
- 1 tsp baking soda
- 1/4 tsp ground nutmeg
- 1/4 tsp salt
- 1 1/2 sticks butter, softened
- 3/4 cup firmly packed brown sugar
- 1/2 cup molasses
- 1 egg
- 1 tsp vanilla
Mix first six ingredients. Set aside. Beat butter and sugar with electric mixer on medium speed until light and fluffy. Add molasses, egg and vanilla, mix well. Gradually beat in flour mixture on low speed until well mixed. Press dough into a disc; wrap in plastic; refrigerate 4 hours or overnight.
Roll out dough to 1/4 inch thickness on lightly floured surface. Cut into gingerbread men. Place 1 inch apart on ungreased cookie sheets.
Bake at 350 for 8-10 minutes or until edges just begin to brown. Cool on sheets 2 minutes; remove to wire rack; cool completely. Decorate as desired.

domain: food


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Jekale “JK” Williams was born on April 16th, 1994 in Corpus Christi, Texas. His influences in music at the age of six. He moved from Corpus Christi to Houston, Texas in 1999. The move was rough due to JK having no family in Houston; all he had was his mothers and two sisters. Growing up with all women, Jekale was the man of the house. Being propelled into such a big role at such a young age made JK different from most children.
Before music was dominant in his life, JK had heavy influences by drugs and gangbanging. Even though he was never into drugs and gangbanging, these elements were constantly around him. JK grew up idolizing football players and track stars. Struggling on the Southside of Houston, Texas, he encountered numerous amount of dangerous. At the tender age of 14, JK ran away from home as the pressures of life were too much to handle. He moved away to his sister’s house to escape and eventually ended up finding himself. JK got his name from playing football in middle school. His speed and talent earned him the nickname.
In 2008, JK attended Thompson Intermediate School. He became friends with Docman, Babyboy, and TBronz, and joined their group called JHC (Junior Hustle Click). The group was dedicated to making money and music. The group became infamous for making gangster rap and Hip Hop. In 2011, Junior Hustle Click changed their name to Empier Entertainment. Some of JK’s musical Influences range are Z ro, Ne Yo, Music Soulchild, and Lyfe Jenninings.
On October 9th, 2013, JK had his first son. After constant struggles with his girlfriend and her ex-boyfriend, she dropped the news to him. Racked in the mind by the sudden news, JK found himself again being put in a spot the average person his age wouldn’t be in. Armed with a new drive, Williams’s main objective is to provide a better life for his son.
In 2015, JK released his debut EP, Mind of Never. Mind of Never is a 7-track EP pertaining to events surrounding the birth of his son. The lead single, Leave Me Alone, video has the most views by any Empier artist (10,700 Views). JK is gearing up for the release of his debut album G.R.E.Y. in May.

domain: artistic


text:
By S. Finley. Westminster Theological Seminary in California. 2018.
Opsonization is the tagging of a pathogen for phagocytosis by the binding of an antibody or an antimicrobial protein cheap 75 mg amitriptyline with mastercard. Complement System The complement system is a series of proteins constitutively found in the blood plasma discount amitriptyline 25 mg with visa. As such, these proteins are not considered part of the early induced immune response, even though they share features with some of the antibacterial proteins of this class. Made in the liver, they have a variety of functions in the innate immune response, using what is known as the “alternate pathway” of complement activation. Additionally, complement functions in the adaptive immune response as well, in what is called the classical pathway. The complement system consists of several proteins that enzymatically alter and fragment later proteins in a series, which is why it is termed cascade. Once activated, the series of reactions is irreversible, and releases fragments that have the following actions: • Bind to the cell membrane of the pathogen that activates it, labeling it for phagocytosis (opsonization) • Diffuse away from the pathogen and act as chemotactic agents to attract phagocytic cells to the site of inflammation • Form damaging pores in the plasma membrane of the pathogen Figure 21. In the alternate pathway, C3 is activated spontaneously and, after reacting with the molecules factor P, factor B, and factor D, splits apart. The larger fragment, C3b, binds to the surface of the pathogen and C3a, the smaller fragment, diffuses outward from the site of activation and attracts phagocytes to the site of infection. The classical pathway is similar, except the early stages of activation require the presence of antibody bound to antigen, and thus is dependent on the adaptive immune response. Phagocytic cells such as macrophages and neutrophils are attracted to an infection site by chemotactic attraction to smaller complement fragments. Additionally, once they arrive, their receptors for surface-bound C3b opsonize the pathogen for phagocytosis and destruction. Stub a toe, cut a finger, or do any activity that causes tissue damage and inflammation will result, with its four characteristics: heat, redness, pain, and swelling (“loss of function” is sometimes mentioned as a fifth characteristic). It is important to note that inflammation does not have to be initiated by an infection, but can also be caused by tissue injuries. The release of damaged cellular contents into the site of injury is enough to stimulate the response, even in the absence of breaks in physical barriers that would allow pathogens to enter (by hitting your thumb with a hammer, for example). The inflammatory reaction brings in phagocytic cells to the damaged area to clear cellular debris and to set the stage for wound repair (Figure 21. The process not only brings fluid and cells into the site to destroy the pathogen and remove it and debris from the site, but also helps to isolate the site, limiting the spread of the pathogen. If the cause of the inflammation is not resolved, however, it can lead to chronic inflammation, which is associated with major tissue destruction and fibrosis. It can be caused by foreign bodies, persistent pathogens, and autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. The released contents of injured cells stimulate the release of mast cell granules and their potent inflammatory mediators such as histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins. Histamine increases the diameter of local blood vessels (vasodilation), causing an increase in blood flow. Histamine also increases the permeability of local capillaries, causing plasma to leak out and form interstitial fluid. Additionally, injured cells, phagocytes, and basophils are sources of inflammatory mediators, including prostaglandins and leukotrienes. Prostaglandins cause vasodilation by relaxing vascular smooth muscle and are a major cause of the pain associated with inflammation. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as aspirin and ibuprofen relieve pain by inhibiting prostaglandin production. Many inflammatory mediators such as histamine are vasodilators that increase the diameters of local capillaries. At the same time, inflammatory mediators increase the permeability of the local vasculature, causing leakage of fluid into the interstitial space, resulting in the swelling, or edema, associated with inflammation. Leukotrienes are particularly good at attracting neutrophils from the blood to the site of infection by chemotaxis. Following an early neutrophil infiltrate stimulated by macrophage cytokines, more macrophages are recruited to clean up the debris left over at the site. When local infections are severe, neutrophils are attracted to the sites of infections in large numbers, and as they phagocytose the pathogens and subsequently die, their 996 Chapter 21 | The Lymphatic and Immune System accumulated cellular remains are visible as pus at the infection site. Not only are the pathogens killed and debris removed, but the increase in vascular permeability encourages the entry of clotting factors, the first step towards wound repair. Inflammation also facilitates the transport of antigen to lymph nodes by dendritic cells for the development of the adaptive immune response. However, they slow pathogen growth and allow time for the adaptive immune response to strengthen and either control or eliminate the pathogen.
You will see that suddenly discount amitriptyline 25 mg on line, a table is spread over two pages order 10 mg amitriptyline fast delivery; a new chapter doesn’t begin at the top of the page, but for some inexplicable reason has slipped back onto the previous page; yes, you will even notice some spelling mistakes. And, you should take this final opportunity before the printing process to check the dosage details one last time. You can still be reproached in 20 years for something that is written down in black and white – and there is nothing more dramatic than incorrect dosage details for medications. To this end, you need software by the name of “Acrobat Distiller” – I am sure one of your colleagues will be able to help you out here. In addition, the print quality can be improved with certain pre-adjustments in Acrobat-Distiller. Good word-of-mouth advertising is better than any book review – reviews are forgotten faster than small flies die, while word of mouth continues publishing for the whole year. If you are better than the competition you can do the same as Google and not spend any money on advertising or marketing. All the same: even homespun advertising can speed up the kick-off of a project, and a bit of ballyhoo can help you get off your marks all the faster. Grant yourself the luxury of offering your students the book for half-price at a class or lecture. You should also start a new folder with the heading “2nd Edition”, where you can collect the ideas and thoughts which your readers will enjoy next year. Marketing There are three distribution channels for medical textbooks: bookstores, direct shipping to the reader and the sale of part editions to foundations or pharmaceutical companies. This would be a tragedy if we wanted to market poems or fiction, but fortunately we are producing medical textbooks, 90% of which are sold in specialist bookstores. This means that to cover the market as broadly as possible, it is sufficient to place your books in the 20 to 50 most important medical bookstores in your country. If you are asked about your terms and conditions, offer them 40% discount for the first order, 30% for subsequent orders. At a retail price of 40 Euro, for example, you could offer a base price of 28 Euro and reduce it to 25 Euro if 10 or more books are taken (with price increments according to country if shipping abroad). Direct shipment of books to the readers The direct shipment of books to the readers is the most troublesome distribution channel. In the case of domestic shipment, you should charge the normal retail price; for shipment abroad add 2 or 3 Euro for additional postage and packaging, because you have to cover these extra costs. In the case of direct ordering from the above address, the mailing costs are included in the price. The home stretch Foundations or pharmaceutical companies Both foundations and pharmaceutical companies can be considered as possible sponsors for your book. Medical textbooks are of interest for pharmaceutical companies if their products are assessed positively. As we mentioned earlier, this cannot be used as an excuse to practise fair- weather journalism along the lines of: I give your product a positive assessment and you buy my books (see the section “Leprosy”, Page 54). Less harmful, but a lot more embarrassing, are attitudes such as “well, you know I can just as well use the products of your competitors” in order to get rid of your own books. The number of books which a pharmaceutical company can buy up ranges from a few hundred to a few thousand – depending on the subject and the involvement of the company in the field about which you are writing. Ora et labora The time has come: you are holding the first copy of the book in your hands. What do you do in the meantime, as long as you don’t know what will become of your baby? It is best to carry on tinkering: pocket version, upgrading the website, removal of the copyright and – why not? Student You cannot own every book in which you want to read one chapter or another. The home stretch Bystander What is written in this book about medical textbooks can theoretically be applied to all texts: you can make them into a book and publish them free of charge on the internet at the same time. Whatever you do, the internet version provides cheap and effective advertising for the book version. But do not forget that the marketing of non-medical texts can be more difficult than is described here. Also, your target group may be more broadly scattered and 20 to 50 specialist bookstores – as in medicine – are not enough to organise distribution. Playground, creativity Pocket edition – Expansion of the website – Payment of authors’ fees – English edition – Removal of copyright – Blogs Pocket edition Medical textbooks are often heavy and unwieldy, because they soon consist of 500 to 800 pages. Everything in these books is important, but some chapters are more important for day-to-day practice than others. The advantages of pocket versions: The shortened version isn’t left on the bookshelf but is kept – as its name suggests – in the doctor’s coat pocket, where it is consulted frequently.
Of those who initiated boceprevir discount 25mg amitriptyline overnight delivery, 89% got to 8 weeks 25 mg amitriptyline fast delivery, 81% to 12 weeks, 76% to 16 weeks, and 29% to 32 weeks. The medication possession ratio indicated that most patients were highly adherent and that those who continued in treatment flled prescriptions promptly. What will be the health impacts of using either of two available directly acting antivirals combined with pegylated interferon and ribavirin (triple therapy)? This comparison was made for three potential uptake rates: the current uptake rate (two percent per year), a doubled uptake rate (four percent per year), and a quadrupled uptake rate (eight percent per year). When compared to standard therapy, universal triple therapy was likely to reduce annual cases of decompensated cirrhosis by 10-29 (current uptake: 10; doubled uptake: 29; quadrupled uptake: 50). When comparing universal triple therapy to standard therapy, annual cases of hepatocellular carcinoma were likely to be reduced by 5-16 (current: 5; doubled: 16; quadrupled: 27). Finally, when comparing universal triple therapy to standard therapy, annual numbers of liver transplants are likely to be reduced by 0-1 (current: 0; doubled: 1; quadrupled: 2). This comparison was made for the same three potential uptake rates: the current uptake rate (two percent per year), a doubled uptake rate (four percent per year), and a quadrupled uptake rate (eight percent per year). In these comparisons, annual cases of decompensated cirrhosis are likely to be reduced by 8-26 (current uptake: 8; doubled uptake: 26; quadrupled uptake: 45), annual cases of hepatocellular carcinoma are likely to be reduced by 4-14 (current: 4; doubled: 14; quadrupled: 25), and annual numbers of liver transplants are likely to be reduced by 0-1 (current: 0; doubled: 1; quadrupled: 2). Table 9 below shows the details about these annual net expenditures vary depending on strategy and scenario. The costs include the direct cost of the new medications, the cost of treating side effects, as well as averted costs of advanced liver disease and lower care costs after achieving sustained virologic response. Importantly, average annual net costs, health outcomes and quality-of-life presented in these analyses should not be used for cost-effectiveness calculations as averted costs and downstream health benefts past year 5 are not counted in the 5-year projection of the effect on health care cost. Of those who initiated boceprevir, 89% got to 8 weeks, 81% to 12 weeks, 76% to 16 weeks, and 29% to 32 weeks. Key Question #2: What will be the health impacts of using either of two available directly acting antivirals combined with pegylated interferon and ribavirin (triple therapy)? When compared to standard therapy, universal triple therapy was likely to reduce annual cases of decompensated cirrhosis by 10-29 (current uptake: 10; doubled uptake: 29; quadrupled uptake: 50). When comparing universal triple therapy to standard therapy, annual cases of hepatocellular carcinoma were likely to be reduced by 5-16 (current: 5; doubled: 16; quadrupled: 27). Finally, when comparing universal triple therapy to standard therapy, annual numbers of liver transplants are likely to be reduced by 0-1 (current: 0; doubled: 1; quadrupled: 2). Laboratory data can be used to estimate the stage of their fbrosis and may provide more accurate information on the distribution of fbrosis in future studies. Ultimately, all such approaches attempt to optimize over treatment response, side-effects, and costs in achieving best outcomes for individual patients. Newer therapies and technologies are in clinical trials and could potentially represent even more attractive options for clinicians and Veterans, and may supplant the treatments we considered. Conversely physician education or other diffusion of information processes could increase uptake rates over time. Our model-based analyses indicate that use of triple therapy results in better outcomes than standard therapy, but at increased costs. Can we predict the degree of fbrosis in chronic hepatitis C patients using routine blood tests in our daily practice? Utilization of Surveillance for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Among Hepatitis C Virus – Infected Veterans in the United States. Risk factors for hepatitis C fbrosis: a prospective study of United States veterans compared with nonveterans. Importance of patient, provider, and facility predictors of hepatitis C virus treatment in veterans: a national study. A descriptive evaluation of eligibility for therapy among veterans with chronic hepatitis C virus infection. Psychosocial factors are the most common contraindications for antiviral therapy at initial evaluation in veterans with chronic hepatitis C. Sustained virologic response among Latino veterans; does it represent the cure of chronic hepatitis C infection? Combination therapy for the treatment of hepatitis C in the veteran population: higher than expected rates of therapy discontinuation. Screening for hepatocellular carcinoma among veterans with hepatitis C on disease stage, treatment received, and survival. Predictors of early treatment discontinuation among patients with genotype 1 hepatitis C and implications for viral eradication. Interleukin-28B polymorphism improves viral kinetics and is the strongest pretreatment predictor of sustained virologic response in genotype 1 hepatitis C virus. Infuence of psychiatric diagnoses on interferon- alpha treatment for chronic hepatitis C in a veteran population. A Prospective Study of Neuropsychiatric Symptoms Associated With Interferon-α-2b and Ribavirin Therapy for Patients With Chronic Hepatitis C.
This is composed of mainly phospholipids from the membranes of the tissue plus a lipoprotein complex amitriptyline 10 mg mastercard. Figure 42: Stages of blood coagulation 136 (c) Effect of activated factor X (Xa) to form prothrombin activator The factor Xa combines immediately with tissue phospholipids that are part of tissue factor or combine with factor V to form the complex called prothrombin activator discount amitriptyline 25 mg on line. That is, activated factor X combines with factor V and platelet/tissue phospholipids to form the complex called prothrombin activator. Prothrombin is enzymatically split into two 137 fragments: one inert and the other possessing the properties of thrombin. Initially the conversion of prothrombin proceeds too slowly to produce significant amounts of thrombin needed for coagulation. Thrombin itself, however, increases its own rate of formation by converting proaccelerin (factor V) into accelerin which then accelerates the formation of thrombin. The clot is composed of a meshwork of fibrin fibers running in all directions and entrapping blood cells, platelets and plasma proteins. Excessive bleeding Excessive bleeding can result from deficiency of any of the many blood-clotting factors. With few exceptions, almost all the blood clotting factors are formed by the liver. Therefore, diseases of the liver such as hepatitis, and cirrhosis can sometimes depress the clotting system. In absence of vitamin-K, subsequent insufficiency of these coagulation factors in the blood can lead to serious bleeding tendencies. Symptoms Hemophilia is characterized by spontaneous or traumatic subcutaneous hemorrhage, blood in urine, and bleeding in the mouth, lips, tongue, and within the joints. A platelet count of 100,000/cu mm or less is generally considered to constitute thrombocytopenia, although the bleeding tendency does not become evident until the count falls below 40,000/cu mm. The drop in platelets may occur because of either of the following reasons: (2) Thromboembolic conditions The pathologic converse to hemostasis is called thrombosis. Thrombosis can be thought of as the formation of blood clot (thrombus) in uninjured vessels, or thrombotic occlusion of a vessel after relatively minor injury. Like hemostatic mechanism, thrombosis also depends on three general components: the vascular wall, platelets, and the coagulation cascade. It is particularly important in thrombus formation in the heart and arterial circulation, for example, within the cardiac chambers when there has been endocardial injury (e. It is important to note that endothelium does not need to be denuded or physically disrupted to contribute to the development of thrombosis; any perturbation in the dynamic balance of prothrombotic and antithrombotic effects can influence local clotting events. Thus, significant endothelial dysfunction may occur from the hemodynamic stresses of hypertension, or bacterial endotoxins. Normal blood flow is laminar such that the platelets elements flow centrally in the vessel lumen separated from the endothelium by a slower-moving clear zone of plasma. Stasis and turbulence therefore: (a) Disrupt laminar flow and bring platelets into contact with the endothelium (b) Prevent dilution of activated clotting factors by fresh-flowing blood (c) Retard the inflow of clotting inhibitors and permit the build-up of thrombi (d) Promote endothelial cell activation. It is loosely defined as any alteration of the coagulation pathways that predisposes thrombosis, and it can be divided into primary (genetic) and secondary (acquired) disorders. The characteristic alteration is a mutant factor Va that cannot be inactivated by protein C; as a result, an important antithrombotic counter-regulatory pathway is lost. Use of oral contraceptives and the hyperestrogenic state of pregnancy are some common examples of this category. The systemic circulation, which supplies all the tissues, is a high-resistance system with a large pressure difference between the arteries and veins. The arteries are highly elastic and muscular; they distribute blood to the smaller arterioles and ultimately to the network of capillaries, where exchange of fluid, small molecules and nutrients occurs across the thin walls. Human heart is a four chambered pump, well adapted to separation of oxygen rich and oxygen poor blood handled by left and the right side of the heart respectively. Thin wall atria receive blood, which reaches into thick-walled ventricles that pump blood into systemic and pulmonary circuits through great vessels. The pulmonary circulation is a low-pressure, low-resistance system handling the same amount of blood at the same time as systemic circulation to keep the same amount of blood in the right and left side of the heart. The left ventricle is more muscular and heavier than the right ventricle, which pumps against the low resistance of the pulmonary circulation; the left pumps against the high resistance of the systemic circulation. The mean systemic arterial pressure is 90-100 mmHg, whereas the mean pulmonary pressure is only 8 to 24 mm Hg. The low arterial pulmonary pressure eliminates the need for much supporting tissue in the lungs so that it can have millions of thin- walled 141 alveoli. And highly specialized pulmonary capillaries, facilitating the rapid exchange of gases between the blood and alveolar air. Functional anatomy of the heart The adult heart is enclosed in a double walled sac, the pericardium that attaches it to the mediastinum. The apex is rounded and formed by the left ventricle and located behind the sixth rib, about 3 inches to the left of the midline of the body.
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text:
A Christmas Card To Father
- Dad will be proud to receive your handmade Christmas card.
Make a Christmas card to father who has been a great influence in your life. A personally handmade Christmas card would be a very special gift by itself to your dad on Christmas day.
To: Dad! From: ♥ ♥ ♥ Me
The above holiday card sending "merriest wishes" with the so lovely hedgehog could be a Christmas card to make for any family member or for a friend. Just change to 'DAD' to the person's name and it will be a really personalised Christmas card for that particular person.
Well, this is a Christmas card for father so the word 'DAD' is handwritten in on the Christmas ornament tag hanging on the hedgehog's finger.
Here's the step by step instructions for making this Christmas card for your father.
Christmas Card to Father ♡DIY♡
Make your father a handmade card this Christmas! ♡♡♡
Card Making Supplies Used:
- white cardstock (half of A4 sized card)
- Frequent Flyer - a hedgehog rubber stamp image by Penny Black
- black pigment ink pad
- clear embossing powder
- embossing heat gun
- double sided foam tape
- Christmas ornament rubber stamp by Hero Arts
- Christmas words rubber stamp - merriest wishes - by Hero Arts
- watercolor brush and water
- black Pigma Micron pens (005 and 01)
- ruler and pencil
Card Making Instructions:
- Using a pencil and ruler, draw the frames on the folded white card stock.
- Color within the frames with watercolors.
- Go over the lines with black Pigma Micron 005 pen.
- Add the dots.
- Stamp the hedgehog and Christmas ornament with black ink and heat embossed using clear embossing powder.
- Use watercolors to color the rubber stamped images.
- Write to: DAD and from: me :) with the 01 pen
- Trim with scissors close to image.
- Arrange on card front and attach with double-sided foam tape.
- Stamp merriest wishes on the bottom right of the card.
Just 4 Fun!
Heart symbols can easily be created with just a few keystrokes but the easiest is just to copy and paste
♥ ♡ ♥ ❤ ❥ ❣ ❦ ❧☺
Well, a simple card with a big message for dad. Now add a handwritten message, then slip it into an envelope and you have a personalised Christmas card for your father, ready to be posted out or hand carried with a Christmas present for daddy.
More Handmade Cards for Father
Click here to check out some cards for guys.
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These cat Christmas cards are part of an animal Christmas card design collection.
Fold this origami Christmas tree card with double-side printed scrapbooking paper. Use the origami tree template provided and make this delightfully origami card.
Create Christmas tree cards easily with tree rubber stamps and embellishments like brads or beads.
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domain: design


Fred Hembeck has a couple of great new artworks up for auction on eBay: An awesome pic of Batman friends and foes and a motley gathering of Forbush Man, Little Annie Fannie, Alfred E. Neuman and others. Check 'em out!
Read a 1952 horror tale illustrated by Joe Kubert.
Read a 1951 werewolf story illustrated by Al Williams.
The premiere of the CW's "Spectacular Spider-Man" 'toon has been bumped back a week to March 8.
Two episodes of the new Spider-Man series will then debut back-to-back at starting at 10 am (ET, PT).
The...series, which is produced by Sony's Culver Entertainment, features a solid vocal cast led by Josh Keaton (Spidey/Peter Parker), Lacey Chabert (Gwen Stacy), Ben Diskin (Eddie Brock), and Robert (Nightmare on Elm Street, V) Englund (Vulture). The first episode of the series, which is set during Peter Parker's junior year in high school.
Former Dave Clark 5 singer Mike Smith has passed away.
His death at Stoke Mandeville Hospital, north of London, came just two weeks before the Dave Clark Five was due to be inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in New York.
The Dave Clark Five, whose hits included "Glad All Over," "Bits and Pieces" and "Because," were one of the first British bands to find major success in the United States after the Beatles.
The Dick Tracy Museum in Woodstock, Ill., is shutting down.
The museum guest book hasn't been signed in weeks. The shelves are lined with unsold Dick Tracy pens, yellow fedoras and coffee mugs. And on a recent February morning, a broken furnace kept museum director Jim Johnson shivering until closing time. Only a few visitors stopped by, one of them a repairman who got the heat turned back on.
With attendance plunging, museum officials have decided to close the 1,000-square-foot shrine to the comic-strip detective and his creator -- longtime Woodstock resident Chester Gould. The decision was difficult for Gould's daughter, Jean Gould O'Connell, who said her father's estate could not keep funding it. The doors will close in June.
Learn to play Beatles tunes from Giles Martin, son of the former Fabs producer George.


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24 hours abnormal acetic acid active hyperemia acute nephritis albumen albuminuria alkaline ammoniacal ammonium amorphous Amount in 24 amount of urine amyloid degeneration anuria appear becomes bile pigment bladder blood globules c.c. Sp calcic oxalate calculi carbonate cause changes characters chlorides chronic diseases chronic parenchymatous nephritis considerable constituents crystalline crystals cystine cystitis decomposition diabetes diagnosis dilute diminished earthy phosphates epithelial epithelium excess fatty casts fatty elements febrile fermentation fever fibrinous fluid give rise grams granular casts heat hippuric acid hyaline hyperemia indoxyl inflammation insoluble interstitial nephritis irritation kidney less mucus nitrate nitric acid normal occur oxidation pale passed pathological phenol potassium precipitate present pus corpuscle pyelitis quantity of urine reaction renal cells renal epithelium salts sediment sodium soluble solution specific gravity stage substances sugar sulphate tion tissue tubules urates urea urethra uric acid urine urobilin usually varies vide
Page 4 - ... capillaries. Thus there is an interchange of fluids, the result of which is the elaborated urine. The original objection to this theory, that an acid fluid is obtained by osmosis from an alkaline one, no longer holds, since laboratory experiment shows that such may actually take place.1 On the other hand, if the tubules are stripped of their epithelium, as they often are in disease, urea is no longer eliminated so abundantly, although the conditions for osmosis remain even better than before....
Page 57 - It turns polarized light to the right, and upon this fact is based a most satisfactory, though expensive, quantitative test. Detection. — The specific gravity alone, when 1030 or more, is quite suggestive of the presence of sugar ; and if at the same time the urine is very pale, and exceeds 1500 cc in the 24 hours, the probability that sugar is present becomes almost a certainty. The only presumptive source of error is a large excess of urea.
Page 86 - Urinary deposits have been classified by different writers according to their physical characteristics, their nature and origin, and the reaction of the urine in which they are found. The simplest of these classifications is the second, in which the sediment is regarded either as organized or not organized.

domain: chemistry


text:
The European Union is a failed project and if Brussels wants France to stay it need to give Paris a series of concessions, Front National leader Marine Le Pen told the German newspaper Bild am Sonntag.
“The European Union is dead, but it still hasn’t realized that. It has failed on all fronts: economic (growth is very slow), social (poverty is rising and unemployment is too high) and security (the EU is not able to protect its borders, and can’t protect us from Islamist terrorism),” Le Pen said.
“If an experiment fails so miserably, it is finished,” she declared.
Le Pen, who is leading in opinion polls about France’s upcoming presidential elections, said that if she is elected president, she will demand a range of concessions from Brussels in return for France staying in the bloc.
“I demand from the European Union the return of independence in four areas: (our) borders, currency, economy and legislature,” the Front National leader explained.
“Either the EU agrees to that, and we will arrive at a Europe of the people, or it refuses and then I will say to the French that we should leave the European Union and I will call for a referendum (on membership),” she told the newspaper.
Le Pen also hailed the election of Donald Trump as US President. She said his election signifies “the end of the old world which was ruled by the market, a world in which nations were to be sacrificed to neoliberalism, and disappear. The great return to the nation and the people begins here,” she said.
In French regional elections in December 2015, Front National won a 27 percent share of the vote, and the latest opinion polls show that Le Pen is currently the favored candidate for this April’s presidential elections.
According to a survey published in the French newspaper Le Monde on Thursday, Le Pen has the support of 25-26 percent of prospective voters, ahead of nearest rival Francois Fillon who commands 23-25 percent.
In third place was Independent candidate Emmanuel Macron, a former Socialist Party member who has 17-20 percent support.
Following the first round of voting in April two candidates will proceed to the second round on May 7.
Fillon, who was French Prime Minister from 2007-2012, won the presidential nomination of France’s The Republicans (formerly called the Union for a Popular Movement) on Sunday.
Current President Francois Hollande, who has record low approval ratings of just four percent, has decided not to contend for a nomination from his Socialist party.
The Socialists cast their ballots in a nationwide presidential primary on Sunday, but amid widespread discontent with the Hollande government, the three leading candidates for the Socialist nomination are predicted to receive just 7-10 percent of the vote in April.

domain: politics


1963 Lancia Flaminia Sport 3C Zagato
Following Lancia’s reorganization in 1955, the Flaminia line was introduced as the successor to the legendary Aurelia. It entered production in 1957 and not only employed an updated version of the DeVirgilio V-6 and rear-mounted trans-axle but also adopted an unequal-length double-wishbone front suspension to replace the sliding pillar front suspension Lancia had used since the 1922 Lambda. These modifications endowed the Flaminia with refinement and poise and served as the basis for a broad model range. In addition to the factory-built Berlina, Flaminias also were available as a coupe from Pinin Farina, as the GT and GT Convertible from Touring, and in the form of a more sporting variant from Zagato.
The alloy-bodied Flaminia Sport debuted at the 1958 Turin Auto Show in 2.5-litre, 119-brake horsepower form, and it was one of Zagato’s most successful designs of the era, as it featured the Carrozzeria’s classic rakish lines and double-bubble roof. In 1961, the 2.5-litre engine was updated with three Weber double-downdraft carburetors, increasing brake horsepower to 140.


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The importance of the health of the human microbiome is a growing area of research, and found to be implicated in a multitude of health and disease processes, and body system function.
Research is suggesting a link between what is going on in the intestinal microbiome and triggering type 1 diabetes, activated via the immune-gut pathways. Now, there may be a link between our gut bugs and risk of developing diabetes of the type 2 variety.
In order to assess whether the state and balance of the intestinal microbiome influenced metabolic and cardiovascular health, a team of researchers at the University of Copenhagen and the Technical University of Denmark analysed the action of insulin of 75 people with type 2 diabetes, and 277 people without, as part of the MetaHit research project.1
1200 metabolites were monitored in blood samples, alongside DNA-based assessment of the microbes the reside in the human intestine.
What the researchers found was an imbalance in particular gut microbes that may contribute to insulin resistance.
“We show that specific imbalances in the gut microbiota are essential contributors to insulin resistance, a forerunner state of widespread disorders like type 2 diabetes, hypertension and atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases, which are in epidemic growth,” said lead author of the study, Professor Oluf Pederson.
Specifically, the researchers discovered:
- Higher levels of branched-chain amino acids in the blood were associated with certain functions and the composition of the intestinal microbiota
- One function included production of the high amounts of branched-chain amino acids, synthesized by the Prevotella copri and Bacteroides vulgatus gut bacteria
- Higher levels of branched-chain amino acids were found in the blood of those with decreased sensitivity to the action of insulin
- When mice were fed Prevotella copri for 3 weeks, they experienced higher levels of branch-chain amino acids, glucose intolerance and insulin resistance than those not fed the bacterial strain.
Phew! That is pretty big. Discoveries like this can inform future studies as to whether dietary changes may affect whether the Prevotella copri species flourishes or is out-competed by a more helpful strain, or whether some other kind of pharmaceutical or probiotic treatment may be used in part as management for insulin resistance.
It is another piece to the complex puzzle of understanding the factors that drive insulin resistance, alongside lack of exercise, poor diet, or weight.
But we can hypothesise there may be a connection between the poor diet associated with risk of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes, and the influence a poor diet can have on the state of our gut bugs, right?
A diet that is rammed with heavily refined and processed versions of sugars, grains and meats, for example, does not help either situation.
What does this mean for us?
There are a myriad of reasons as to why the composition, and balance, of gut microbiota differ from person to person. Factors may include the state of the maternal microbiome, early-infant feeding practices and microbial composition of breast milk,2-4 as well as environmental factors like high or early antibiotic use.
However, there is general consensus that a diet high in heavily processed foods whilst low in fibre and diversity does not promote happy gut bugs; whereas eating a load of vegetables is good not only for gut health, but all health.
So, want to encourage the flourish of some good gut times? Tend to your gut garden with real whole foods that include fibre, prebiotics and probiotics, avoid refined and heavily processed stuff, and you are off to a good start. Check out our microbiome down-low for more!
And find out more on the MetaHit research project here 🙂
By Angela Johnson (BHSc Nut. Med.)
- Pedersen, HK, Gudmundsdottir, V, Nielsen, HB, Hyotylainen, T, Nielsen, T, Jensen, BH, Forslund, K, Hildebrand, F, Prifti, E, Falony, G, Le Chatelier, E, Levenez, F, Doré, J, Mattila, I, Plichta, DR, Pöhö, P, Hellgren, LI, Arumugam, M, Sunagawa, S, Vieira-Silva, S, Jørgensen, T, Holm, JB, Trošt, K, Consortium, M, Kristiansen, K, Brix, S, Raes, J, Wang, J, Hansen, T, Bork, P, Brunak, S, Oresic, M, Ehrlich, SD, & Pedersen, O 2016, ‘Human gut microbes impact host serum metabolome and insulin sensitivity’, Nature, [Epub ahead of print]
- Festi, D, Schiumerini, R, Eusebi, LH, Marasco, G, Taddia, M, & Colecchia, A 2014, ‘Gut microbiota and metabolic syndrome’, World Journal Of Gastroenterology, vol. 20, no. 43, pp. 16079-16094.
- Garcia-Mantrana, I & Collado, MC 2016, ‘Obesity and overweight: Impact on maternal and milk microbiome and their role for infant health and nutrition’, Molecular Nutrition & Food Research(Epub ahead of print).
- O’Sullivan, A, Farver, M, & Smilowitz, JT 2015, ‘The Influence of Early Infant-Feeding Practices on the Intestinal Microbiome and Body Composition in Infants’, Nutrition And Metabolic Insights, vol. 8, no. Suppl 1, pp. 1-9.

domain: medical


text:
Steve Clisby was the best kept secret in the country until the charismatic performer captivated audiences and reached the semi-finals on TV talent juggernaut, The Voice, which was broadcast into more than two million living rooms weekly. Steve’s subsequent tour SOLD OUT 20 shows in record time. It’s safe to say Steve Clisby is no longer a secret.
Moving seamlessly from soul roots to contemporary revivalist soul, Steve Clisby’s live performances showcase supreme musicianship and legendary cool. The ageless appeal of this accomplished artist has brought him a legion of loyal fans.
Now Steve Clisby begins another chapter in his music, with a new album that sets out to give fresh interpretation to his heritage and inspire a new generation of fans.


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Little pamphlets I made :) Book binding has to start somewhere!
Hard covers I made
Tried adding a little pocket but didn't work out the greatest. It was too tight. Oh well, always next time!
Tried to get a bit more creative by adding buttons and clasps :)
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Hide old embed code


text:
What is Man?
by Mark Twain
Number of pages: 229
This unique collection assembles writings in which Twain views the multifarious claims of religion -- metaphysical, moral, and political -- with a skeptical eye. The centerpiece of the book is the long philosophical dialogue, What Is Man?
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Download or read it online for free here:
by Mark Twain - James R. Osgood & Co.
With its mixing of high adventure, raucous comedy, and scathing social criticism, presented in a hilarious vernacular that only Mark Twain could fashion, the book remains one of this incomparable humorist's most popular and oft-dramatized tales.
by Mark Twain - Harper & Brothers
The story of a teenager who finds himself floating on a raft down the Mississippi River with an escaping slave. In the course of their journey, Huck and Jim meet adventure, danger, and a cast of characters who are sometimes menacing and hilarious.
by Mark Twain - The American Publishing Company
The author scattered through this volume a mass of matter which had never been in print before, such as 'Learned Fables for Good Old Boys and Girls', the 'Jumping Frog restored to the English tongue after martyrdom in the French', and many others.
by Mark Twain
' I was born without teeth -- and there Richard III had the advantage of me; but I was born without a humpback, likewise, and there I had the advantage of him. My parents were neither very poor nor conspicuously honest. '

domain: library


OAK PARK (AP) — Students and faculty at Oak Park High School are mourning the deaths of two teenagers after a car crash that also injured four others.
Friends and family members gathered Sunday in Oak Park to honor the victims of the rollover, which occurred Friday night in Southfield. They were students at Oak Park High School.READ MORE: COVID-19 Vaccines Saved Nearly 20 Million Lives In First Year, Study Says
Southfield police scheduled a news conference Monday.
“I didn’t know how much he was loved, how much he’s already missed, how much he touched people in their heart, like it’s genuine,” Nakeia Garrett said of her son, JaQai Garrett.READ MORE: Michigan Ballot Initiative Aims To Protect Abortion Rights
Counselors were available Saturday at the high school.
“We are saddened to share that six Oak Park High School students were involved in a serious car accident resulting in two fatalities. … This is a tragic event that affects our entire school community,” the school said on Facebook.MORE NEWS: AG Nessel Says Abortions Are Still Legal In Michigan
© 2020 Associated Press. All Rights Reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed.


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MedConverter is now fully compatible with iOS 9 and with the new iPhone 6s and 6s Plus.
Medical Converter© provides medical help in reference values of different analytical determinations, which can be performed in the laboratory in various sample types. It also provides information of the molecule (molecular weight) and the possibility of converting conventional system units to the internacional system and vice versa in those laboratory values which could be expressed in both types of units.
At present there are more than 600 entries from different test laboratories, making this application, the one with the highest number of tests provided at the time of its publication.
- June 18, 2014 Initial release
- March 17, 2015 New version 1.22
- September 30, 2015 New version 1.23
- October 09, 2015 New version 1.24
- January 13, 2016 Price decrease: $2.99 -> $1.99
- January 18, 2016 Price decrease: $1.99 -> $0.99
- March 06, 2016 New version 1.25


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1000 Piece Puzzle
The rating of this product is 0 out of 5
Lots of wonderful surprises can be found in this challenging Tapestry Cat jigsaw puzzle by artist Lewis T. Johnson 1000 Piece Jigsaw Puzzle. Finished size 24" X 30". Made in USA.

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The H2O PRO Wireless Bluetooth Speaker is ruggedly designed and built to be used in both dry and wet conditions.
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Iran’s Foreign Ministry Director General for the Persian Gulf and Middle East Affairs has criticized the invasion of Bahrain by Saudi Arabian forces, saying it only makes the situation more complicated.Hussain Amir-Abdollahian said on Monday that the Islamic Republic has urged the Bahraini government to respect the demands of the people and to refrain from using violence, Shiite News reported.
Mora than 1,000 Saudi Arabian troops arrived in Bahrain on Monday to help intensify the crackdown on anti-government protesters.
â€œIt is surprising to see that immediately after the recent trip of the US Defense Secretary [Robert Gates] we see the intensified use of violence against the people of Bahrain,â€ Amir-Abdollahian said.
Gates made an unannounced visit to the Bahraini capital, Manama, on Friday. Bahrainis have been camping in Pearl Square since February 14th, demanding King Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa’s ouster and constitutional reforms.
Amir-Abdollahian said it is expected of Bahraini officials to take the demands of the Muslim people of Bahrain seriously and prevent the meddling of other countries.Back to top button
On Monday, Iranian Foreign Ministry Spokesman Ramin Mehmanparast called on the US to respect democracy instead of sending military officials to the region and repressing the people.
Iranian Foreign Minister Ali Akbar Salehi on Sunday warned the Bahraini government against the use of force and violence against anti-government protesters.


By Coptic Solidarity – Standard NewsWire–
For Immediate Release
Coptic Solidarity and 21Wilberforce co-led in circulating a letter for signatures among members of the International Religious Freedom (IRF) Roundtable urging Congress to take action on behalf of imprisoned Coptic activist, Ramy Kamel. The letter attracted 63 signatures by a diverse group of leading human rights organizations and activists, and was sent to the House Foreign Affairs leadership; Chairman Representative Eliot Engel (D-NY) and Ranking Member Representative Michael McCaul (R-TX), and to the Senate Foreign Relations leadership; Chairman Senator Jim Risch (R-ID) and Ranking Member Senator Bob Menendez (D-NJ).
Ramy Kamel was arrested on November 23, 2019 under false charges including joining and financing a terrorist group in Case no. 1475. Rights groups almost universally agree that Kamel’s arrest is a direct effort by the Egyptian government to punish and silence him for documenting and publicizing human rights abuses against Christians, and to prevent him from participating in a UN forum (November 28 and 29) titled Education, Language, and the Human Rights of Minorities. His arrest took place just prior to his participation in the event.
In response, Coptic Solidarity launched an online grassroots campaign urging Kamel’s immediate release. Egyptian human rights advocates have also joined forces to demand Kamel’s protection and release.
We call upon members of the US Congress to act regarding Kamel’s unjust imprisonment, despite the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly due to reports that Ramy has asthma and is suffering acute respiratory distress. Shortly after his imprisonment, Lord David Alton of Liverpool and Canadian MP Garnett Genuis both sent advocacy letters on behalf of Kamel.The letter proposed for NGO signatures notes:
“The United States can and should maintain a strong relationship with Egypt, while
simultaneously advocating its values of human dignity and religious freedom. Considering Egypt is the 2nd largest recipient of US foreign aid, Members of Congress should be forcefully advocating for Kamel’s immediate release.”
The Special Rapporteurs and Working Groups, which compose the Special Procedures of the Human Rights Council, issued a statement urging Kamel’s release and the Spokesperson for the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights, Rupert Colville, issued a statement urging Egypt to follow the lead of other states and release those convicted of non-violent offences and those who are in pre-trial detention, which includes prisoners of conscience such a Kamel.
Coptic Solidarity applauds the support of these and other diverse activists in urging the US Congress to:
“Please take urgent action by contacting the Egyptian government and ask for immediate
protection of Mr. Kamel from mistreatment, the provision of medical attention, and the termination of all charges against him in Case no. 1475 of 2019.”
Coptic Solidarity is an organization seeking to help minorities, particularly the Copts, of Egypt. We support those in Egypt working for democracy, freedom, and the protection of the fundamental rights of all Egyptian citizens, and advocate in cooperation with the affiliated organizations in Canada and in Europe (Solidarité Copte). For more information, contact Lindsay Griffin at 801-512-1713 or email@example.com
Photo Credit: Architect of the Capitol


text:
Ascent of Pruitt Mountain on 2019-09-21
|Other People:||Solo Ascent|
|Date:||Saturday, September 21, 2019|
|Ascent Type:||Successful Summit Attained|
| Motorized Transport to Trailhead:||Car|
| Elevation:||1582 ft / 482 m|
Ascent Trip ReportUpdate since Dennis Stewart's report.
I spoke with the lady who lives across the road from Pruitt Mtn. Ranch. Her son used to be caretaker for the property, but isn't anymore. The property changed ownership "five months" ago, i.e. spring of 2019. The new owner, best I remember hearing, is Ashley Tolland. She doesn't have contact info for him.
As for the biggest rock, vs. highest rock, John Hasch's rock was the biggest that I saw, although I could touch the top without climbing on it; call it at most 8 ft. tall. It is located southeast of the highest ground, so its top could easily be lower altitude than some other smaller rocks located higher on the mountain.
|Summary Total Data|
| Total Elevation Gain:||550 ft / 167 m|
| Round-Trip Distance:||2 mi / 3.2 km|
| Route:||Follow private road|
| Trailhead:||Road BB and private drive Pruitt Mtn. Ranch 1032 ft / 314 m|
| Route Conditions:||Road Hike|
This page has been served 19 times since 2005-01-15.

domain: travel


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Almost immediately after the recent tragedy in Colorado, reports began to surface on ABC suggesting a “right wing” or Tea Party association with this senseless act. Three hours later, numerous blog posts claiming the shooter was actually a member of Black Bloc, a radical fringe of the Occupy movement, began to spread throughout the Internet. To date, neither claim has been substantiated but the fact that accusations were flying before the blood had even dried points again to the growing divide in our society.
Rather than seeking answers or explanations, our first response is now to point fingers as we race to assign blame to the other side. Once a convenient political affiliation had been ruled out, gun control advocates began mobilizing in a national effort to spin the horrific scene into an argument for greater limitations on the 2nd amendment.
New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg decried the violence and demanded that the presidential candidates address the issue,
“Soothing words are nice, but maybe it’s time the two people who want to be president of the United States stand up and tell us what they’re going to do about it, because this is obviously a problem across the country.”
He went on to add, “I mean, there are so many murders with guns every day. It’s just gotta stop.”
OK, so, “It’s just gotta stop”. Suggestions? Answers? Solutions? None to be found but you can rest assured that we’ll be hearing the debate for weeks to come. I’d be curious to hear what the mayor and others might suggest.
All major networks and virtually every form of media have taken up the torch in an effort to reignite the gun control debate. Perhaps it’s just me, but I fail to see what any law affecting gun ownership has to do with the violence in Aurora. I have not checked the local statutes, but I’m confident that it’s already illegal to gun people down in a movie theater. Reports have also hinted that the shooter had taken drugs – perhaps he sped on the way to the theater and parked in a handicapped zone as well?
The standard retort to gun legislation is the argument that even if all guns were outlawed, criminals would still find ways to acquire and use them. We cannot stem the tide of drugs and aliens across our borders – why would guns be any different? The fallacy of the “gun free zone” line of reasoning has been demonstrated time and time again in numerous cities with some of the most stringent anti-gun laws on the books. Washington, D.C., is known for having what are arguably the toughest anti-gun laws in the country, yet they led the nation in both firearm robberies and murders in 2011.
New York and Chicago are also bastions of strict gun-control laws and both are veritable war zones today. NY had seen a modest reduction in gun violence after initiating their controversial “stop and frisk” program, but after repeated cries of racism and harassment, the policy has been drastically curtailed.
The 2nd amendment seems very clear on the legality of gun ownership despite decades of repeated attempts to muddy the waters. Control advocates have set their sights on local municipalities relying on the sheer volume of blue voters to turn their visions into reality. Unfortunately, the streets in these designated gun-free havens continue to be littered with bodies rather than plowshares.
Another tried and true adage is, “Guns don’t kill people, people kill people.” In the case of the Aurora shooter, his apartment was a literal minefield of booby-traps and IEDs. If for some reason James Holmes was unable to acquire a firearm, there are countless ways he could have brought about lethal mayhem. Given his educational background and obvious intelligence, some sort of nerve agent or chemical weapon was probably well within his capabilities – constructing a powerful explosive certainly would have been a fairly simple task for such an individual. Simply removing one option will not deter a psychopath from wreaking havoc.
Perhaps the best counter for gun violence is a competent individual with a valid CCW permit. This would have been a difficult situation in Aurora as the assailant was wearing body armor, but even in the worst case scenario, his attention would have been diverted and many others may have escaped harm. In cases such as the Norway massacre last year, police were 90 minutes away and the helpless victims sat like so many fish in a barrel. Columbine, it could be argued, was much the same and the Fort Hood incident was only stopped when Nidal Hasan was confronted by other weapon fire.
No one is suggesting we return to the days of the Wild West with armed citizens settling their differences in the dusty, tumbleweed strewn streets, but evidence would suggest that crime rates do indeed decline when CCW permits are available and gun restrictions are less prevalent. The opposite has also been demonstrated time and time again. Kennesaw, Georgia, implemented a policy of mandatory gun ownership in 1982 and they have one of the lowest crime rates in the country. For what it’s worth, Family Circle Magazinealso named Kennesaw as one of the 10 best towns for families. Granted, this is a small town but it demonstrates that the mere presence of firearms alone is not an automatic trigger for gun violence.
Many might recoil at the suggestion but is it possible that our problem with gun violence arises not so much from a lack of laws but rather deeply rooted societal issues? We are a warlike species, prone to aggression from the start. Even our recreation is woven with threads of the same savagery that unravel the very fabric of our humanity when tugged upon by unstable individuals. As with recent anti-smoking campaigns, a far more effective strategy might be to remove all references to gun violence from television and cinema although I think people would be clamoring to download every Clint Eastwood or Sylvester Stallone movie they could get their hands on.
I think that reasonable people everywhere support sensible precautions in the permit process. Although controversial, mandatory sentences for gun crimes would also do much more to reduce future gun violence than any new law aimed at the elimination of firearms in general.
The answer to these problems is seldom more legislation and definitely not confiscation. The criminals would indeed find access to guns and law abiding Americans would be left cowering at their mercy. We need to be able to have an honest conversation about the epidemic of violence that’s sweeping our nation. It’s ok to say “target” or “cross hairs” again – these were ridiculous distractions after the Gifford’s incident and besides, our new tone of civility seemed to dissipate faster than you could say furious, but that’s another topic altogether.

domain: news


text:
President Mahinda Rajapaksa named new Cabinet Ministers during a reshuffle of some of the portfolios today.
In all, the President named 10 new Cabinet Ministers, 6 Deputy Ministers and 2 project Ministers.
Among the most notable changes was that of the portfolios of the Ministries of Power and Energy and Petroleum Resources, both which were in the spotlight in the recent past after the state owned Ceylon Petroleum Corporation (CPC) and Ceylon Electricity Board (CEB) suffered losses.
Anura Priyadharshana Yapa was named as the new Petroleum Resources Minister, Susil Premajayantha the Minister of Environment, Pavithra Wanniarachi the Minister of Power and Energy and Champika Ranawaka the Minister of Technology and Research.
Meanwhile Lakshman Seniviratne was named the Minister of Sugar Industries, Jayaratna Herath the Minister of Botanical Gardens and Public Enterprises, Lakshman Yapa Abeywardena Investment Promotion Minister, Duminda Dissanayake Education Services Minister, Basir Segu Daud the Minister of Productivity Promotion and Wijith Wiheyamuni Soyza the Minister of Wildlife Conservation.
Nirmala Kotalawala was named the Project Minister of Highways and Rohitha Abeygunawardena the Project Minister of Ports.
S.M Chandrasena and M.L.A.M. Hisbulla were named Deputy Ministers of Economic Devolopment, Susantha Punchinilame and Faizer Mustpha the Deputy Ministers of Investment Promotion, Abdul Cader the Deputy Minister of Environment and Sarath Kumar Gunaratne the Deputy Minister of Fisheries.
Meanwhile a new Prime Minister was not named and as a result D.M. Jayaratne will continue as the Prime Minister. (Colombo Gazette)


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Duval County Public Schools is considering pushing back its sales tax referendum ask to the November 2020 ballot, but one prominent Jacksonville civic group isn’t sold that they need it at all.
On Tuesday, the school board mulled draft agreement to push back the requested referendum to 2020, changing. Ultimately, the board could reach no consensus, meaning they will for now hold to their original ask for a November 2019 referendum.
Meanwhile, the influential and moneyed Jacksonville Civic Council released a letter to DCPS saying they had doubts that the public school model was even a long-term bet.
The Jacksonville Civic Council, according to a letter weeks ago signed by former Florida Board of Education chairman Gary Chartrand, a charter school pioneer, thinks that the case for a popular vote on a new half-cent sales tax hasn’t been made.
The JCC education task force “has identified several areas in which the plan falls short.”
“1) it is excessively expensive; 2) it fails to anticipate reductions in district-operated public school enrollment; and 3) it does not adequately contemplate the increase in charter school enrollment or the role that charter schools will play in creating the highly effective school system of the future.”
Duval County Schools have fewer students today than 50 years ago when the city and county were consolidated.
“In the last four years, district-operated schools have lost an average of 1,000 students per year (117,700 to 113,600), while charters have gained 1,400 students per year (11,000 to 16,600). As a result, the share of Duval students attending charter schools has increased from 8.5 percent to 12.7 percent,” the letter asserts.
The JCC letter asserts that current plans allocate upward of $30,000 per student for construction costs, at least double what charter schools can do the same work for.
“At a minimum, 30 percent of the projected $1.95B of spending, or $600 million, could be saved through a more efficient, economical spending plan that fully leverages newly available state construction flexibility. Moreover, should DCPS choose to incorporate Schools of Hope (charters catered to students from underperforming local schools) into the plan, the district will unlock additional funds from state, nonprofit and philanthropic sources at no additional cost to Duval County taxpayers,” the letter promises.
This read was supported Wednesday by a memo from Education Commissioner Richard Corcoran (SP Memo- School District Construction Flexibility), which offered leeway in standards for public school construction.
By a simple majority vote, they can waive requirements, including wood studs in walls, paved walkways, driveways, or parking lots.
Covered walkways? Also optional. As is site lighting and anything else that a traditional public school may have that a charter does not.
Corcoran’s letter is seen by the Civic Council as safeguarding its position.
Worth noting: Corcoran has already expressed dismay over Duval schools. Per the Tampa Bay Times, Corcoran told Superintendent Diana Greene that Duval’s lowest performing schools were a “travesty of justice.”
“I want you to find a parent in this state and go up to them and say, ‘Is it all right if we put your child in school and fail them for three years in a row?’ They’ll go, ‘No.’ How about two years in a row? No. How about one year? No. They won’t accept it for one single year,” Corcoran said after the meeting. “But these kids. … They’ve had 15 straight years at one school. It’s just completely and utterly unacceptable.”
Commissioner Corcoran, like the Civic Council’s Chartrand, are invested in the charter model. Which leads the School Board into a seeming no win position: Buy into the charterification of the district, or attempt to run a referendum against Chartrand and the rest of the Jacksonville donor class.
As seen recently in Los Angeles, a school referendum is a tough sell when the local business class isn’t sold.
Jacksonville Mayor Lenny Curry has been cool on the idea of a special election in 2019, citing costs for such a one-off.
Will a 2020 compromise change the calculus? Time will tell.
June 4, 2019 at 9:26 pm
What Chartrand knows about public schools he could fit on the back of a postage stamp with a magic marker. Where did his kids go? I’m guessing Bolles. At least we know who’s pulling Lenny’s strings. The fact that he’s trying to sabotage this referendum before it gets off the ground isn’t surprising. It’s expected. What is surprising is that LC is Cardi B’s biggest fan.
June 5, 2019 at 8:36 pm
Asshole aka Shart-rand is holding public schools hostage in favor of strip mall charter schools. Who wins in all this? Spoiler alert: it’s not the kids. It’s rich old white men like Shart-rand who use strip mall charter schools like ATMs.
Meanwhile those kids that don’t make the grade at Jo Blow charter school will be sent packing back to their aging neighborhood public school right before the FSA’s. And they won’t count against the Jo Blow charter school’s grades. It’ll be the 100 year old public school with the broken AC & leaking roofs that takes the cap hit.
Corcoran got up on his soapbox & accused Greene of being scared of competition. The only thing she’s worried about is Corcoran & his cronies stacking the decks against public schools. Level the playing field & see what happens. Of course that won’t happen because we already know what will happen. More charter schools in affluent areas like Mandarin & the beaches that already have A schools. Meanwhile the ones North & West of the river are doing no better or worse than their public school counterparts. It ain’t rocket science.
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text:
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domain: game


text:
Art from the Exploratorium An exbibition at the Rotunda Gallery, London*,
until 1 March
The Exploratorium in San Francisco is one of the inspirations for science
centres in this country, such as the Science Museum’s Launch Pad and the
Bristol Exploratory. But as the concept crossed the Atlantic, it lost one
Instead of concentrating on education, these Exploratorium exhibits
harness science for artistic effect. Purists may object to the lack of hard
scientific explanation on some of the exhibits, but this is more than offset
by the sheer beauty and fascination of the exhibits themselves. Indeed,
this is part of the reasoning behind them, to display rather than explain.
The founder of the Exploratorium, Frank Oppen-heimer (1912-1985), took the
line that both art and science were essential ingredients in understanding
nature. He believed that learning was addictive, but only when people could
experience the thrill of discovery for themselves. Over the years, the Exploratorium
has developed a unique style of exhibition, closely involving artists, scientists
Every year since 1974 the Exploratorium’s artist-in-residence programme
has set between four and six artists the challenge of producing works of
art which ‘inspire the discovery of subtle connections that can be made
between the nature of art and science’. Some 19 results of this collaboration
are displayed here. The Exploratorium has provided the opportunity for artists
inspired by natural phenomena to harness them in works of art. Ned Kahn,
fascinated by dust devils at windy street corners developed ‘Tornado’. Bill
Bell saw how light-emitting diodes in supermarket cash registers created
patterns when glimpsed out of the corner of the eye, and created ‘Triple
Eye Lightstick’, which demonstrates persistence of vision.
Other exhibits range from the simplicity of Paul De Marinis’s ‘Alien
Voices’ (two oak and glass telephone booths that allow the users to converse
in speech distorted by a computer system) to the Emmett-like mechanical
anarchy of Norman Tuck’s ‘Lariat Chain’, a rotating chain loop which can
demonstrate standing waves.
Miniature wind-swept landscapes, automatically-generated bubble patterns,
a multi-player computer music system, neon flowers . . . All have their
own special character, creating a variety refreshingly different from a
‘house style’ imposed on all the interactive exhibits in a museum. My favourite
was Ned Kahn’s ‘Turbulent Orb’, a delightful demonstration of linear and
turbulent flow patterns, which would make a beautiful conversation piece
at home! It is not for sale.
The Exploratorium artists have produced a combination of stunningly
beautiful works of art and imaginatively-designed interactive exhibits,
which should encourage the interested visitor to look for explanations of
the science behind the effects. For those sufficiently interested there
are printed handouts giving details of the displays.
Instead of merely inviting hands-on experimentation, you are encouraged
to watch things happening. Deck chairs are provided for contemplation of
one particularly attractive exhibit.
‘Art from the Exploratorium’ will not provide an answer to the fundamental
arguments about science centres: Who are they for? How much entertainment
do you deliver with the science? Is this the right way to promote science?
I wonder just how many visitors will pick up the scientific facts behind
the demonstrations. However, the important thing is that this is an attractive
way of getting people to look at, and experiment with natural effects. Whether
or not you believe that interactive science centres teach their visitors
anything about science, ‘Art from the Explora-torium’ is well worth a visit.
After seeing it you may find yourself disappointed by traditional science
*Art from the Exploratorium is on show at the Rotunda Gallery, Canary
Wharf, London E15 4AB. It is open from 11am to 7pm every day until Sunday
1 March. Admission is free, although school parties should book in advance.
Tel 071-428-2108 for details.
Peter Turvey works on special projects for the Science Museum, London.