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• The purpose of the catalytic converter
• The fundamental needs for proper catalytic converter operation
• Catalytic converter replacement requirements – CARB Installer’s List
• Causes of catalytic converter failures
• Pre-OBDII catalytic converter testing
• OBDII catalytic converter testing
Catalysts are needed to reduce emissions to acceptable levels without
dramatically reducing performance and fuel economy. This is true of
HC, CO and NOx, but NOx is the emission that is most dependent on
the catalyst for emissions compliance
There are two types of catalysts:
•Reduction catalysts cause NOx to be reduced into O2 and N2.
•Oxidation catalysts cause HC and CO to oxidize with any
available oxygen into CO2 + H2O.
*Unfortunately, oxidation will only occur when there is enough
free oxygen, and reduction is very hard to achieve with the high
oxygen levels that occur in lean burn operation.
A catalyst can not clean up CO and HC unless
there is enough oxygen in the exhaust.
Many catalysts can not clean up NOx unless the
level of oxygen in the exhaust is very low.
Many late model cars depend heavily on the catalyst to reduce NOx at
extremely high levels (95+%). This simply is not possible unless the
oxygen level is low enough. If carbon deposits or other problems
increase the exhaust oxygen level, a perfectly good catalyst will operate
at reduced efficiency.
Some late model cars depend on the catalyst to clean up over 99.3% of
their NOx emissions.
This will only occur if the exhaust oxygen level is very low.
Many minor problems can increase exhaust oxygen levels and inhibit
As of January 1, 2009, CARB approval/exemption requirements for
all aftermarket replacement catalytic converters changed.
These changes increased performance requirements and improved
identification labels. As a result, aftermarket converters now come
closer to the original equipment converters in both performance and
Technicians and vehicle owners do NOT have the option of replacing
original equipment catalytic converters without first meeting the
requirements of the CARB Installers Checklist for New Aftermarket
Catalytic Converters, as applicable-
1. The vehicle model is specifically included in the application list
for the catalytic converter model I intend to install, and the
converter model is approved for use in California.
2. I have verified that the vehicle manufacturer’s warranty for the
stock catalytic converter has expired. Warranties will range from
a minimum 7 years/70,000 miles to 15 years/150,000 miles.
3. I have confirmed the need for a replacement catalytic converter. If
the stock converter is still installed, a diagnosis that it is
malfunctioning is required.
4. The replacement converter will be installed in the same location as the
stock converter (the front face location will be within three inches
compared to the stock design).
5. All oxygen sensors will remain installed in their stock location(s).
6. The catalytic converter will be installed on a “one for one basis (only
one OEM converter is being replaced by the converter to be installed).
Decreasing or increasing the number of catalytic converters (compared
to the stock configuration) is prohibited.
7. Warranty Card- I have:
(a) Filled out the warranty card
(b) Obtained the customer’s signature an the card
(c) Attached the card to the original repair order
(d) Returned a copy of the warranty card to the catalytic converter
8. I have filed and will maintain a copy of all documentation for a period
of at least four years from the date of installation.
Installers shall keep documentation regarding the installation of the
new catalytic converter including all of the above information. This
documentation shall be made available to CARB or it’s
representative as provided for in title 13, section 222(b)(8). All such
records shall be maintained for four years from the date of sale of
the catalytic converter.
Quality catalytic converters can perform well for hundreds of
thousands of miles
•Anything that significantly increases the amount of HC and/or CO
that is oxidized in the converter will increase the operating
temperature of the catalyst
•Failing to use manufacturer approved engine oil
•Coolant seeping into the combustion chamber or exhaust
If any of the following conditions exist, the customer (or referring
shop) should be notified that the engine might have existing faults
that could damage the new converter:
•CO in excess of 2.0% (pre-catalyst)
•HC in excess of 400 ppm (pre-catalyst)
•Indications of high oil consumption
•Indications of combustion/coolant leaks
•Indications of O2 sensor faults
•Indications of modifications or poor maintenance
There is typically no CO2 present in the atmosphere. CO2 is a product
of combustion. Therefore any carbon dioxide emissions measured
during typical starter draw test, with ignition disabled must be created
in the catalytic converter.
A good catalytic converter should be capable of converting the
Hydrocarbon fuel (HC) that is pumped through the engine during the
starter test to 13% carbon dioxide.
In order to create 13% CO2 during a starter draw test the following
•The catalytic converter must be completely warmed up.
•Fuel delivery must be functioning normally. *The CO2 is being
created by converting the fuel that is being pumped through the
•Ignition must be completely disabled.
1. Start the engine and drive the car to insure that it is warmed up
2. Run the engine at 2000 rpm to insure that the catalytic converter is
3. Turn off the ignition or hit the analyzer kill switch.
4. IMMEDIATELY after the engine stops, disable the ignition (ground
the coil secondary or disconnect the coil primary) and crank the
engine over while watching the CO2 levels on the exhaust analyzer.
NOTE: The fuel system must remain functional! Do not disable rpm
sensor or engage clear flood mode! Disable the ignition system
only! Do not allow the converter to cool down!
5. The CO2 level should reach and maintain 13% in about 10 seconds. If
the CO2 level does not reach at least 13%, or the CO2 level only spikes
to 13%, the catalytic converter is weak.
If the CO2 level is below 13% make sure that there is sufficient HC and
O2 to make the CO2 from. If the CO2 level drops below 1% or HC drops
below 500 ppm the test will not be valid.
*This test is difficult to perform on many DIS cars since the ignition
is not easily disabled.
Use the snap throttle test on such cars.
When the engine is running at a stoichiometric 14.7:1 fuel mixture
with no air injection there is very little oxygen in the exhaust. Cars
equipped with carburetors will have higher normal levels of oxygen
due to poorer fuel atomization and vaporization.
During a snap throttle test, CO will increase due to a suddenly rich
mixture on acceleration. CO will continue to increase until the O2
level begins to rise. During this snap acceleration all excess oxygen
will be used up by the catalytic converter to convert CO to CO2. As
the O2 level rises O2 will be used up by the catalytic converter to
convert CO to CO2 and the CO level will begin to drop as O2 rises. A
good catalytic converter will therefore prevent the O2 level from
exceeding 1.2% until the CO level begins to drop.
1. Drive the car until the engine and catalytic converter are fully
2. Disable the air injection system.
3. Run the engine at 2000 rpm and wait for stable exhaust readings
with O2 level no higher than 0.5%. Propane enrichment may be used
to reduce O2 level to 0.5%.
4. Snap and release the throttle.
5. Watch the CO emissions climb and note the oxygen level at the
instant the CO level peaks. Oxygen level at the instant that CO level
peaks should not exceed 1.2%.
Note: It is normal for Oxygen level to rise after CO has peaked.
If the O2 level exceeds 1.2% before the CO level peaks the catalytic converter
This test works best on cars that have sequential fuel injection and DIS. The
cranking catalytic converter test tends to be difficult to perform on these
Catalytic converter efficiency can be determined by sampling the
exhaust gas before and after the catalytic converter. Kits are available
from Thexton (No. 389), OTC and others to tap through single wall
exhaust pipes. Other pre-CAT sampling locations may include the
EGR port, EGO port and air injection ports. (EGO is not
recommended). Record both the before cat and tailpipe exhaust gas
with the engine well tuned, preconditioned, no exhaust leaks and no
air injection. Fuel mixture may have to be manipulated and/or
misfires induced to create the proper oxygen level for proper
(HC in) - (HC out)
----------------------- x 100 = CAT HC efficiency
HC oxidation efficiency should be 90% when O2 in exceeds 1% and O2
out exceeds 0.5% You may need to induce a misfire to create the
proper O2 levels.
(CO in) - (CO out)
----------------------- x 100 = CAT CO efficiency
CO oxidation efficiency should be 90% when O2 in exceeds 1% and O2
out exceeds 0.5%
(NOx in) - (NOx out)
------------------------ x 100 = CAT NOx efficiency
NOx reduction efficiency should be 90% when O2 in is less than
0.5%. This test may require loaded mode testing and/or disabling
EGR. It may also be necessary to artificially enrich the air-fuel
mixture to reduce O2 content below 0.5%.
NOTE: EPA certifications only require catalysts to oxidize CO & HC
at 70% efficiency, and to reduce NOx at 60% efficiency. This may not
be sufficient to allow some cars to pass ASM tests. Some cars may
require 90% efficiency in NOx reduction. Others may be fine with
less than 50%.
The oxidation and reduction efficiency of good catalysts vary due to
oxygen levels in the exhaust system during normal running conditions
of those cars. 2-way catalysts operating with high oxygen levels in the
feed-gas should meet the above standards for CO and HC oxidation.
All 3-way catalysts operating with low oxygen levels in the feed-gas
should meet the above standards for CO & HC oxidation and NOx
This test must be performed with the engine cold.
Start the cold engine and monitor exhaust gas at 2500 rpm during
Exhaust emission readings should be relatively stable except during
the following three events:
1. Initial start up & stabilization.
2. Initialization of closed loop.
3. Catalytic converter “light-off”.
This can be graphed or “traced” so that the readings before and after
converter light off can be compared. Use the same formula shown in
the “Invasive Test”.
When a misfire occurs the catalytic converter releases a tremendous
amount of heat as it oxidizes the unburned HC into H2O and CO2.
The increased temperature that this causes increases the Catalyst
efficiency. This reaction allows us to test the catalyst by inducing a
1. Allow the car to run for several minutes at 2500 rpm after it is
properly warmed up.
2. Disable one spark plug. Do NOT allow the engine or exhaust
system to cool down as you do this. It is permissible to turn the
engine off while disabling the spark plug, but this must be done and
the engine restarted within three minutes. Some engine analyzers
will allow you to kill an individual cylinder without turning the
3. As you induce the misfire, the HC will increase dramatically for
several seconds. Then, as the catalyst heats up, the HC level should drop
off significantly. Record the Peak HC level and the level that HC drops
to as it gets hot.
A good catalytic converter will be able to reduce the HC emissions to
about 50% or less of the peak HC emissions in just a few seconds.
This test must be performed with caution. Do NOT perform this test
for extended periods or under a load. A catalytic converter can
overheat to the point of melt-down in as little as 12 seconds if multiple
spark plugs are disabled while under load. Do not disable multiple
cylinders and do not perform the test under loaded conditions.
Completely warm up the engine and exhaust system. Run the
following test using a 4 or 5 gas analyzer and an infrared temperature
The accuracy of infrared temperature sensing varies according to the
"emissivity" of the surface being sensed. Sometimes it is helpful to
paint the surfaces with a quick drying flat black paint before testing.
Painting is recommended if the two surfaces have different surface
Is there a 200
in the CAT?
The test will not be accurate. There is not
enough oxygen for the CAT to do it’s job.
There is not enough fuel present
for the CAT to oxidize.
Repair engine or exhaust system and/or
disable the air injection system.
systems and retest.
systems and retest.
systems and retest.
A properly operating catalytic converter uses oxygen to oxidize HC
and CO into CO2 and O2. The process changes the oxygen level in the
exhaust. Under tightly controlled conditions, the PCM will initiate a
pattern of fuel control commands and monitor the oxygen sensor
response. In order to pass the monitor test the oxygen sensor
response must fall within a pre-determined pattern. The pattern is
different for each car but the rear oxygen sensor is often compared to
the front oxygen sensor to identify changes that the catalytic
converter causes in exhaust oxygen content.
The OBDII monitor test is typically run automatically on every trip in
which the required enable criteria are met. The enable criteria are
different on each vehicle. Details of the enable criteria and the drive
cycle required to meet those criteria can be found in published
As mentioned elsewhere in this document, many vehicles that use
“exponentially weighted moving averages” as part of the OBDII
catalyst monitoring have reduced accuracy immediately after the
memory has been cleared. Under these temporary conditions, false
fails and false passes are more likely to occur. With this possible
exception, OBDII monitors are very accurate. If in doubt, clear codes
• Confirmation of baseline gas data
• Confirmation of proper engine mechanical operation
• Confirmation of proper ignition system operation
• Confirmation of proper fuel system operation
• Check for Closed Loop Fuel Control
• Check data stream for fuel trim
• Check readiness monitors
• Check for pending codes
• Check for unrelated codes
• Check Exhaust system for leaks
Smoke Test the Exhaust System for Leaks
• Secondary Oxygen Sensor Testing
• Locating Specifications
Other service information providers
Related fault code flow charts
Mode 6 data parameters


text:
We all know that rice is a staple in many cultures around the world. It’s a go-to food for so many because it’s relatively inexpensive and can be very filling.
But what about the different types of rice? Is one better than the other? Yes, brown rice is better than fried rice, but there’s more to it.
In this article, we’ll compare two of the most popular types of rice – fried rice vs brown rice – to see which is the better option.
What Is Fried Rice?
Fried rice is a dish typically made with white rice, vegetables, onions, carrots, peas, and proteins like chicken, shrimp, or beef. It is stir-fried in a pan/wok with oil and can also be seasoned with soy sauce, oyster sauce, or fish sauce.
Fried rice is popular in Chinese, Thai cuisine, and most parts of the world.
What Is Brown Rice?
Brown rice is simply white rice that has not been milled or had its husk removed. Because the husk is left on, brown rice retains more of its nutrients than white rice. It also has a chewier texture and a nuttier flavor.
How Is Fried Rice Different From Brown Rice?
Don’t confuse the two. Just because fried rice can be prepared from brown rice doesn’t mean there’s no difference between these dishes.
Here are some of the differences you’ve probably not thought about before now:
The first difference is in the processing of the rice. White rice goes through a milling process that removes the bran and germ, leaving only the endosperm. This results in a more polished grain with a higher glycemic index and cooks more quickly than brown rice.
Brown rice, on the other hand, is only partially milled, so it still has the bran and germ intact. This gives the rice a chewy texture, nutty flavor, and lower glycemic index. Brown rice also takes longer to cook than white rice.
The second difference is in the nutrient content. White rice is lower in fiber and vitamins because of the milling process. Brown rice has a higher fiber content, which can help with bowel regularity and digestion. Brown rice also contains reasonable amounts of phosphorus, selenium, magnesium, niacin, thiamin, and vitamin B6.
3. Meal prep
The third difference is in the cooking time. White rice only takes about 15-20 minutes to cook, while brown rice takes about 40-50 minutes. Brown rice is also more difficult to overcook because of its higher fiber content.
Other factors include:
The fourth difference is in the price. White rice is usually cheaper than brown rice because it is more processed and has a longer shelf life.
The difference is in the taste – White rice is blander than brown rice because of the removal of the bran and germ. Brown rice has a nuttier, earthier flavor because it still contains these parts of the grain.
A cup (140g) of brown rice has about 216 calories, while a cup (140g) of fried rice has about 228 calories. So, when considering the calorie content in fried rice vs brown rice, the latter (brown rice) wins hands down.
Is Fried Rice Healthier Than Brown Rice?
Brown rice is more healthy. When it comes to health, brown rice is the clear winner. It is a whole grain; that is, it has more fiber and nutrients than white rice.
On the other hand, Fried rice is often made with white rice and thus does not have the same nutrient content as brown rice. In addition, the oil and soy sauce used for frying the rice can add unhealthy fats to the dish.
So, fried rice vs brown rice? Brown rice is the way to go if you require a healthier option.
5 Best Ways to Eat and Enjoy Brown Rice
1. Make a pilaf: Cook the rice in chicken or vegetable broth instead of water for extra flavor. Then, sauté some chopped onions and garlic in olive oil until softened. Stir in the rice, cook until crispy, then add your favorite herbs and spices. It’s that simple.
2. Use it as a base for stir-fries: Cook the rice in advance, then when you’re ready to make your stir-fry, simply add your brown rice at the end. This will help absorb all of the flavors from the sauce and vegetables.
3. Create a healthy bowl: Start with a bed of brown rice, then top with grilled chicken or salmon, roasted vegetables, and a drizzle of olive oil or avocado.
4. Make it into a soup: Cook the rice in chicken or vegetable broth, and then add some chopped vegetables and let simmer until all the flavors meld together.
5. Use it as a filling for tacos: Cook the rice with some chopped onions, bell peppers, and tomato sauce. Once it’s cooked, use it as a filling for soft tacos or burritos. Top with shredded lettuce, cheese, and sour cream.
5 Easy Fried Rice Recipes You May Want to Try
Fried rice is a tasty and easy way to use up leftover rice. It’s also a great way to sneak some extra veggies into your diet. Here are five delicious fried rice recipes that will make you return for more.
1. Sesame Chicken Fried Rice
This sesame chicken fried rice is packed with flavor and is sure to be a hit with the whole family. The rice is fried in a savory sesame sauce and then tossed with chicken, veggies, and a sprinkle of sesame seeds.
2. Spicy Shrimp Fried Rice
This spicy shrimp-fried rice is perfect for those who like a little heat in their food. The rice is fried with shrimp, veggies, and a spicy sauce made with sriracha and chili pepper flakes.
3. Vegetable Fried Rice
This vegetable fried rice is a great way to get your daily dose of veggies. The rice is fried with a variety of vegetables, including peas, broccoli, and carrots. You can also add in some tofu or chicken for a heartier meal.
4. Fried Rice with Egg
This fried rice with egg is a classic dish that is simple and delicious. The rice is fried with an egg and then tossed with green onions, soy sauce, and sesame oil. You can also add in some meat or vegetables if you want.
5. Coconut Fried Rice
This coconut fried rice is a tropical twist on the classic dish. The rice is fried with different aromatic spices and then tossed with coconut milk, chopped nuts, and raisins. It’s a delicious and healthy meal that will satisfy your cravings.
These are just a few of the many delicious fried rice recipes out there. So, next time you’re looking for an easy and tasty meal, be sure to give one of these a try. Your taste buds will thank you!
5 Fun Facts About Fried Rice vs. Brown Rice
- 1. Fried rice and brown rice are two popular rice dishes from Asia.
- Fried rice is typically made with white rice, while brown rice is usually used for brown rice dishes.
- They can be stir-fried with vegetables, meats, and seafood.
- Fried rice is typically seasoned with soy sauce, while brown rice is often flavored with ginger and garlic.
- You can reheat both dishes and eat them at a later time.
Is fried rice made with white or brown rice?
It depends on the preference of the user. Ordinarily, you can make fried rice from white or brown rice.
Which rice is best for weight loss, fried rice or brown rice?
Brown rice is a better option for those looking to lose weight as it is lower on the glycemic index and will not cause the same spikes in blood sugar levels as white rice (fried rice).
Is it okay to eat brown rice every day?
No, eating brown rice every day is not a good idea. Eating it every day might eventually result in a spike in blood glucose level. Moderation is essential.
So, which is the better option – fried rice vs brown rice? It depends on what you’re looking for. If you need a more filling dish with savory flavor, then fried rice is the way to go.
However, brown rice is the better choice if you’re looking for a healthier option that is lower in calories and fat. Ultimately, the decision is up to you.
Thanks for reading.
If you loved reading this article, view Cheffist for more.

domain: food


text: OBJECTIVE: The authors’ goal was to study presynaptic dopamine activity in smoking and nonsmoking human subjects in vivo. METHOD: [18F]Fluorodopa ([18F]DOPA) uptake Ki values in the basal ganglia of nine smoking and 10 nonsmoking healthy men were measured with positron emission tomography. RESULTS: Significantly higher [18F]DOPA uptake was observed in both the putamen (average 17.3% higher) and the caudate (average 30.4% higher) of smokers than in those of nonsmokers. CONCLUSIONS: Smoking is related to greater dopamine activity in the human basal ganglia. Nicotine-induced dopamine activity may be a relevant mechanism in dependence on cigarette smoking.

domain: biology


Ten days ago, Bandai Namco Entertainment teased an upcoming game project that sent fans of Kōhei Horikoshi’s hit manga My Hero Academia into a frenzy, providing no other hint beyond an egg tumbling out of a microwave and a countdown. The countdown has since reached its anticipated end, and so the teaser site has transformed into the webpage for Bandai Namco’s newly revealed My Hero Academia: One’s Justice, produced by Magicians Dead and Gunslinger Stratos developer Byking. Little is known about the game at this time, with more details and a teaser trailer forthcoming at Jump Festa 2018 within two weeks.
Check out the gallery below for an early look at the game, featuring Izuku “Deku” Midoriya facing off against League of Villains leader Tomura Shigaraki. My Hero Academia: One’s Justice will be available for PlayStation 4 and Nintendo Switch. No release window has been announced at this time.


Large St. Malachy Country Fair 2020 canceled; smaller parish/family event planned
By Lindsay Doty
The St. Malachy Country Fair will look different this year. The large-scale weekend event known for its carnival rides, games, food tents, raffles and large crowds had to be canceled due to the coronavirus pandemic. The fair held every September on the St. Malachy Catholic Church property in Brownsburg typically attracts crowds of 10,000 people. Organizers knew it wouldn’t work during a pandemic.
“As much as the committee discussed and strategized, it became apparent there just did not seem to be a safe means to carry out the Country Fair, as we knew it, in 2020,” Country Fair committee chairman Beatrice Bursten said in a letter to parishioners.
Instead, the church is planning a smaller-scale parish and family Hog Roast for Sept. 19. The roast will be done on the field to allow more room for social distancing. The smaller gathering (as of print time) will include some live music and limited food and drink tent menu. The three popular events from the Country Fair will still happen, including the reverse raffle, silent auction, and the grand raffle.
“We’re just trying to bring some hope and joy into the lives of parishioners by being able to do this for them on a smaller scale,” said Sean Danda, pastor of St. Malachy Parish in Brownsburg.
The St. Malachy Country Fair has been the biggest fundraiser for the church. It has brought in between $80,000 to $95,000 in recent years. Like so many other fundraisers, the scaled-down version will impact numbers.
“We saw this coming, so we cut as much out of budget as we could. So, it will affect things,” said Danda.
“I would just say, I think every church and charity is hurting and needs your generosity, but we also are people of faith and trusting that God will work things out for us,” he said.
St. Malachy Catholic Church recently returned to its regular in-person mass schedule with masks and spaced seating. Some parishioners still choose the virtual worship option.
The 2020 Country Fair would have been the 47th consecutive year for the Country Fair following the Sesquicentennial Anniversary celebration year of the St. Malachy Catholic Church.


MADRID (AP) — Luis Enrique was ready for the criticism to start pouring out back home. He knew another setback so close to the World Cup would raise questions about his team and his work.
Then a late goal changed it all, and it was all joy and praise for La Roja heading into soccer's showcase event.
MADRID (AP) — Coach Luis Enrique tried to stay optimistic about Spain’s chances of advancing in the Nations League following a disappointing home loss to Switzerland.
After all, La Roja can still secure a spot in the finals with a win in Portugal on Tuesday.
A look at what’s happening in European soccer on Tuesday:
Last year's Nations League runner-up Spain visits Portugal in a winner-take-all match to decide who advances to the Final Four from Group A2.
BARCELONA, Spain (AP) — Diogo Dalot helped Portugal take control of its Nations League group by scoring his first two international goals in a 4-0 rout at the Czech Republic on Saturday.
Spain blew its lead of Group A2 after flopping in a 2-1 loss to Switzerland in front of its disappointed fans in Zaragoza.
A look at what’s happening in European soccer on Saturday:
BARCELONA, Spain (AP) — Borja Iglesias has been waiting for this moment for a very long time.
The Real Betis striker hopes to make his international debut at age 29 when Spain hosts Switzerland in the Nations League on Saturday in Zaragoza.
PRAGUE (AP) — Portugal plays the Czech Republic in the Nations League on Saturday with Cristiano Ronaldo's team hoping to set up a showdown with Spain to decide who advances to the Final Four tournament.
LISBON, Portugal (AP) — Portugal’s national airline TAP Air Portugal says hackers obtained the personal data of some of its customers and have published the information on the dark web.
No payment data was taken in the cyberattack, the flag carrier said in a statement late Wednesday.
LISBON, Portugal (AP) — This year's World Cup apparently won't be the end for Cristiano Ronaldo.
The 37-year-old Portugal star said he is not considering retiring from international soccer in December after the tournament in Qatar, and plans to play at the 2024 European Championship.
LISBON, Portugal (AP) — Veteran central defender Pepe will not play for Portugal in the Nations League because of an injury, the Portuguese soccer federation said Wednesday.
The federation said the decision was made after doctors evaluated Pepe following his arrival at the team's training camp this week.
American defender John Brooks made his debut for Portugal's Benfica on Sunday night, entering in the 89th minute of a 5-0 win over visiting Maritimo in Lisbon.
Brooks, 29, signed a one-year contract on Sept.
LISBON, Portugal (AP) — Cristiano Ronaldo was included in the Portugal squad on Thursday for upcoming Nations League matches against the Czech Republic and Spain.
Portugal coach Fernando Santos said he is not worried with Ronaldo not playing much at Manchester United this season.
LISBON, Portugal (AP) — Cristiano Ronaldo and the Portugal team will be wrapped in the national flag by a radical new shirt design for the World Cup in diagonal blocks of red and green unveiled on Thursday.
MILAN (AP) — AC Milan will likely be even more eager to extend Rafael Leão's contract after the Portugal forward again starred in a Rossoneri win.
Leão earned a penalty — converted by Olivier Giroud — and set up Milan’s second for Alexis Saelemaekers to help his team beat Dinamo Zagreb 3-1 in the Champions League on Wednesday.
LISBON, Portugal (AP) — A Dutch and a Swedish scientist are sharing a €1 million ($1 million) eyesight prize from a Portuguese foundation for their innovative work on corneal diseases.
Gerrit Melles, from the Netherlands Institute for Innovative Ocular Surgery in Rotterdam, has revolutionized the surgical treatment of corneal disease, the Champalimaud Foundation said Wednesday in announcing the winners of its annual Vision Award.
PORTO, Portugal (AP) — After Club Brugge scored yet another goal, veteran Porto defender Pepe pulled the jersey over his head in dismay amid boos from stunned fans echoing around the Estádio do Dragão.
LISBON, Portugal (AP) — Sporting scored in the 90th minute and again in stoppage time to beat Tottenham 2-0 on Tuesday and make it two wins from two to open the Champions League group stage.
Both goals came from substitutes — Paulinho and Arthur Gomes — as Tottenham slipped to its first loss of the season in all competitions.
NYON, Switzerland (AP) — Scotland and Portugal were handed the advantage of playing at home throughout the European qualifying playoffs for next year's Women's World Cup.
Friday's draw for the nine-team playoffs saw Scotland paired against Austria, a European Championship quarterfinalist two months ago, with the winner advancing to host Ireland.
TEHRAN, Iran (AP) — Carlos Queiroz was rehired as Iran coach on Wednesday to take the national soccer team to its third straight World Cup, where the squad will face the United States, England and Wales.
LISBON, Portugal (AP) — Benfica defeated Maccabi Haifa 2-0 in the group stage of the Champions League on Tuesday, getting off to a strong start in its quest to repeat its good run from a season ago.
American defender John Brooks signed a one-year contract with the Portuguese club Benfica on Thursday.
LISBON, Portugal (AP) — Portuguese club Benfica signed World Cup winner Julian Draxler on a one-year loan deal from Paris Saint-Germain on Thursday.
The 28-year-old midfielder helped Germany win the 2014 World Cup in Brazil.
SAO PAULO (AP) — It took nearly a decade of renovations, but finally one of Brazil's most popular museums is reopening as part of the country's bicentennial celebrations.
The Paulista Museum is in the heart of the manicured grounds of Sao Paulo's Independence Park and holds more than 3,000 items, including 2,800 restored since its closure in 2013.
LISBON, Portugal (AP) — Portuguese Health Minister Marta Temido quit Tuesday, saying she felt “no longer able to remain in office” after broad criticism over her handling of recent staffing problems at public hospitals.
STORRS, Conn. (AP) — UConn added another point guard to its roster after losing star Paige Bueckers for the upcoming season to a knee injury earlier this month.
Inês Bettencourt, a 5-foot-9 guard from the Azores in Portugal, will join the team as a freshman, the school announced Friday.
MANCHESTER, England (AP) — Bernardo Silva will be staying at Manchester City, manager Pep Guardiola said Friday, seemingly bringing to an end a summer of uncertainty over the Portugal midfielder's future.
ISTANBUL (AP) — Draw made Thursday for the group stage of the UEFA Champions League:
GROUP A: Ajax (Netherlands), Liverpool (England), Napoli (Italy), Rangers (Scotland).
GROUP B: Porto (Portugal), Atlético Madrid (Spain), Bayer Leverkusen (Germany), Club Brugge (Belgium).
BRUSSELS (AP) — Parts of the European Union could face three more months of warmer and drier conditions as Europe weathers a major drought that has fueled forest fires, dried up rivers and devastated crops, the 27-nation bloc’s Earth observation program is warning in a report.
SAO PAULO (AP) — The embalmed heart of the emperor who declared Brazil's independence returned to the South American nation Tuesday for ceremonies worthy of a head of state as the country prepares to celebrate its bicentennial.
MADRID (AP) — A wildfire burning out of control in Spain's eastern province of Valencia has become one of the country's biggest fires this year, and 35 aircraft were deployed to fight it as the blaze entered its fifth day, authorities said Friday.
WOLVERHAMPTON, England (AP) — Wolverhampton broke the club's transfer record to sign Portugal midfielder Matheus Nunes from Sporting Lisbon for an initial 45 million euros ($45.8 million) on Thursday.
LODZ, Poland (AP) — Dynamo Kyiv’s unlikely bid to qualify for the Champions League ran up against a tough Benfica team that won 2-0 in the first leg of their playoff on Wednesday.
Dynamo’s fifth game in Champions League qualifying in the past month was played in Poland because it cannot host UEFA games in Ukraine during the Russian invasion that started in February.
PARIS (AP) — Firefighters from across Europe started arriving in France on Friday to help battle several wildfires, including a giant blaze ravaging pine forests in the southwest.
A series of heat waves have compounded a critical drought in much of Europe to create prime wildfire conditions.
LISBON, Portugal (AP) — European authorities are considering a liquefied natural gas pipeline from Spain to Italy as a way of getting around France’s opposition to a gas link-up across the Pyrenees between the Iberian peninsula and central Europe, Portugal's prime minister said Friday.
LISBON, Portugal (AP) — Portugal recorded its hottest July on record last month, the country’s weather service said Friday.
The heat worsened Portugal’s drought, with 45% of the mainland in “extreme drought” -- the highest classification -- and the rest in “severe” drought, which is the second-highest, by the end of July.
MANCHESTER, England (AP) — Manchester United manager Erik ten Hag tried to shield Cristiano Ronaldo from criticism Friday after the forward left a preseason game early, and insisted that the Portugal star remains part of his plans for this season.
LISBON, Portugal (AP) — The archbishop of Lisbon met Friday with Pope Francis in a private audience at the Vatican to discuss “events in recent weeks that have marked the life of the Church in Portugal,” the Portuguese church said.
MANCHESTER, England (AP) — Cristiano Ronaldo's future at Manchester United remained shrouded in uncertainty after the Portugal great returned to the club's training ground with his agent on Tuesday.
LISBON, Portugal (AP) — Major wildfires in Europe are starting earlier in the year, becoming more frequent, doing more damage and getting harder to stop.
And, scientists say, they’re probably going to get worse as climate change intensifies unless countermeasures are taken.
BARCELONA, Spain (AP) — The European Union’s plan to reduce the bloc’s natural gas use by 15% to prepare for a potential cutoff by Russia this winter received sharp skepticism Thursday from the governments of Spain and Portugal, which are usually big supporters of the bloc.
ATHENS, Greece (AP) — Battered by heavy winds, firefighters in Greece struggled to contain new fires Wednesday around the capital of Athens while other countries in southern Europe took stock of the damage caused during the latest severe heat wave and prepared for the return of scorching temperatures.
LONDON (AP) — Britain shattered its record for highest temperature ever registered Tuesday amid a heat wave that has seared swaths of Europe, as the U.K.'s national weather forecaster said such highs are now a fact of life in a country ill-prepared for such extremes.
LA TESTE-DE-BUCH, France (AP) — Investigators probing the suspected deliberate lighting of what has become a raging wildfire in southwest France detained a man for questioning, as firefighters and water-bombing planes on Tuesday fought ferocious flames there and in other parts of Europe that have baked in extreme heat.
LA TESTE-DE-BUCH, France (AP) — A heat wave broiling Europe spilled northward Monday to Britain and fueled ferocious wildfires in Spain and France, which evacuated thousands of people and scrambled water-bombing planes and firefighters to battle flames in tinder-dry forests.
PARIS (AP) — Strong winds and hot, dry weather frustrated French firefighters' efforts Saturday to contain a huge wildfire that raced across pine forests in the Bordeaux region for a fifth straight day, one of several wildfires scorching Europe this week.
SHEFFIELD, England (AP) — Defending champion the Netherlands needed a late surge to beat Switzerland 4-1 and guarantee a place in the European Championship quarterfinals on Sunday, while Sweden qualified with ease in a 5-0 win over Portugal.
KUTAISI, Georgia (AP) — Georgia almost let slip another draw with Portugal before prevailing 23-14 in their rugby test on Saturday, a week after a historic win over Italy.
Portugal center Rodrigo Marta scored a 60-meter individual try to have them trail only 16-14.
PARIS (AP) — The pilot of a Portuguese firefighting plane died when his plane crashed while on a firefighting operation in the northeast of the country Friday. The death came as fires continued to rage across Portugal, neighboring Spain and in France.
BEMPOSTA, Portugal (AP) — More than 3,000 firefighters battled Thursday alongside ordinary Portuguese citizens desperate to save their homes from several wildfires that raged across the European country, fanned by extreme temperatures and drought conditions linked to climate change.


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Meditation is a powerful system I use to find awareness, peace and understanding of the world around me.
During meditation, I reflect on the now. I reflect on the past and the future. I know I can use what I learned from the past, today, to create the future I desire, tomorrow.
When I meditate, I put on light music, a guided meditation or I sit in silence and listen to my inner voice.
I meditate in the morning and I am at peace. I carry that peace with me all day and everywhere I go.
When I breath in, I feel relaxed. When breathing out, I put a smile on my face as I become awareness and pure consciousness.
I feel a sense of calmness and I can experience the present moment for all its glory.
My life’s journey is my meditation.
I understand that every waking moment is meditation. When I accept the reality around me, this is meditation. Each moment I experience is meditation.
Being in nature is meditation. When I’m in nature it allows me to understand the vastness of universe.
I am loving awareness and I walk in awareness.
I let my ego go as I become pure consciousness.
As my heart beats I become stillness and I connect to the universe.
I know I am not just the physical form. I am more than that, so I detach from the form and I connect to the soul. In meditation, I connect to the soul of other people. This allows me to understand people.
I like the person I am becoming with meditation. I have a larger outlook on life and I am focused.
Every day I am in tuned with who I am and not the idea of who people think I am.
At the end of every mediation I thank God, the universe or the higher power I believe in for bring me to this moment of realization.
As I meditate I look at my life. I understand the present moment is where I am and my life is where it needs to be.

domain: literature


text:
Research is a priority in terms of improving women's health. Research needs include diseases unique to women, more serious in women and those that differ in risk factors between women and men. The balance of gender in research studies needs to be balanced appropriately to allow analysis that will detect interactions between gender and other factors. Gronowski and Schindler suggest that scientific journals make documentation of gender a requirement when reporting the results of animal studies, and that funding agencies require justification from investigators for any gender inequity in their grant proposals, giving preference to those that are inclusive. They also suggest it is the role of health organisations to encourage women to enroll in clinical research. However, there has been progress in terms of large scale studies such as the WHI, and in 2006 the Society for Women's Health Research founded the Organization for the Study of Sex Differences (OSSD) and the journal Biology of Sex Differences to further the study of sex differences.
Women with ovaries but no uterus may be able to use a gestational carrier. This may also be an option for women who shouldn't become pregnant because of a serious health problem. In this case, a woman uses her own egg. It is fertilized by the man's sperm and the embryo is placed inside the carrier's uterus. The carrier will not be related to the baby and gives him or her to the parents at birth.
The Center Method for Diastasis Rec Recovery™ offers a highly successful program that investigates the history and epidemic of this condition. This program has been researched and applied for over 15 years and is aimed at all populations – postnatal women, weightlifters, elite athletes and young adults. Our formula for success includes incorporating fascia, bones and muscles in the healing process.
Iron is one of the keys to good health and energy levels in women prior to menopause. Foods that provide iron include red meat, chicken, turkey, pork, fish, kale, spinach, beans, lentils and some fortified ready-to-eat cereals. Plant-based sources of iron are more easily absorbed by your body when eaten with vitamin C-rich foods. So eat fortified cereal with strawberries on top, spinach salad with mandarin orange slices or add tomatoes to lentil soup.
The increasing focus on Women's Rights in the United States during the 1980s focused attention on the fact that many drugs being prescribed for women had never actually been tested in women of child-bearing potential, and that there was a relative paucity of basic research into women's health. In response to this the National Institutes of Health (NIH) created the Office of Research on Women's Health (ORWH) in 1990 to address these inequities. In 1993 the National Institutes of Health Revitalisation Act officially reversed US policy by requiring NIH funded phase III clinical trials to include women. This resulted in an increase in women recruited into research studies. The next phase was the specific funding of large scale epidemiology studies and clinical trials focussing on women's health such as the Women's Health Initiative (1991), the largest disease prevention study conducted in the US. Its role was to study the major causes of death, disability and frailty in older women. Despite this apparent progress, women remain underepresented. In 2006 women accounted for less than 25% of clinical trials published in 2004, A follow up study by the same authors five years later found little evidence of improvement. Another study found between 10–47% of women in heart disease clinical trials, despite the prevalence of heart disease in women. Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death amongst women, but while the number of women enrolled in lung cancer studies is increasing, they are still far less likely to be enrolled than men.
Fourth and finally, there was a general lack of focus on the relevant delivery platforms for nutrition interventions. Many studies were not explicit about how and where interventions were delivered, and we had to cross-reference multiple sources to identify the delivery platform for many interventions. Delivery platforms are important and relevant information in terms of replicability, but also for identifying who is effectively reached and missed. Information about delivery platforms is also instrumental in understanding gaps in implementation. A greater emphasis on delivery platforms could enhance the reach of nutrition interventions and could also strengthen the capacity to mobilize resources more effectively. For instance, organizing and grouping interventions by delivery platform (e.g., antenatal care, community centers, schools, clinics) or by the relevant stakeholders required for delivery (e.g., ministries, health care providers, teachers, administrators, transporters, etc.) could have the potential to more efficiently deliver nutrition interventions.
Long-term goals are imperative, but they can make you feel overwhelmed or discouraged at times. Instead of thinking about how many dress sizes smaller you want to be in four months, focus on small everyday victories, suggests Michael Snader, BodyAware specialist and nutritionist at The BodyHoliday, a health and wellness resort in St. Lucia. “For example, today you are going to eat breakfast, fit in a workout, and drink more water,” he says. Stay focused on the present, and your future will be successful.
Part of the reason why so many women fail to get the amount of iron they need is because one of the best sources of iron is red meat (especially liver) which also contains high levels of saturated fat. While leafy green vegetables and beans are also good sources of iron—and don’t contain high levels saturated fat—the iron from plant foods is different to the iron from animal sources, and not absorbed as well by the body. Other foods rich in iron include poultry, seafood, dried fruit such as raisins and apricots, and iron-fortified cereals, breads, and pastas.
Manson, JoAnn E.; Chlebowski, Rowan T.; Stefanick, Marcia L.; Aragaki, Aaron K.; Rossouw, Jacques E.; Prentice, Ross L.; Anderson, Garnet; Howard, Barbara V.; Thomson, Cynthia A.; LaCroix, Andrea Z.; Wactawski-Wende, Jean; Jackson, Rebecca D.; Limacher, Marian; Margolis, Karen L.; Wassertheil-Smoller, Sylvia; Beresford, Shirley A.; Cauley, Jane A.; Eaton, Charles B.; Gass, Margery; Hsia, Judith; Johnson, Karen C.; Kooperberg, Charles; Kuller, Lewis H.; Lewis, Cora E.; Liu, Simin; Martin, Lisa W.; Ockene, Judith K.; O'sullivan, Mary Jo; Powell, Lynda H.; Simon, Michael S.; Van Horn, Linda; Vitolins, Mara Z.; Wallace, Robert B. (2 October 2013). "Menopausal Hormone Therapy and Health Outcomes During the Intervention and Extended Poststopping Phases of the Women's Health Initiative Randomized Trials". JAMA. 310 (13): 1353–1368. doi:10.1001/jama.2013.278040. PMC 3963523. PMID 24084921.
Calcium may even be harmful for men, at least in large amounts. The worry is prostate cancer, and two Harvard studies have raised the alarm. In 1998, the Health Professionals Follow-up Study found that a high consumption of calcium from food or supplements was linked to an increased risk of advanced prostate cancer. The risk was greatest in men who got more than 2,000 mg a day. More recently, the U.S. Physicians' Health Study reported that a high consumption of calcium from dairy products appeared to increase a man's risk of prostate cancer by up to 37%. A study from the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center in Seattle also found a link between calcium and advanced prostate cancer.
Iron: Essential for healthy blood cells, iron becomes especially important when girls begin to menstruate. With each period, a woman loses small amounts of iron. “About 10% of American women are iron deficient,” says Dorothy Klimis-Zacas, PhD, a professor of nutrition at the University of Maine and co-editor of Nutritional Concerns of Women (CRC Press, 2003). “About 5% have iron deficiency anemia.” Symptoms of low iron include fatigue, impaired immunity, and poor performance at school or work.
Women's life expectancy is greater than that of men, and they have lower death rates throughout life, regardless of race and geographic region. Historically though, women had higher rates of mortality, primarily from maternal deaths (death in childbirth). In industrialised countries, particularly the most advanced, the gender gap narrowed and was reversed following the industrial revolution.  Despite these differences, in many areas of health, women experience earlier and more severe disease, and experience poorer outcomes.
Pregnancy Unintended pregnancy Gravidity and parity Obstetrics Antenatal care Adolescent pregnancy Complications of pregnancy Hyperemesis gravidarum Ectopic pregnancy Miscarriage Obstetrical bleeding Gestational diabetes Hypertension Preeclampsia Eclampsia Childbirth Midwifery Preterm birth Multiple births Oxytocin Obstructed labor Cesarian section Retained placenta Obstetrical fistulae Vesicovaginal fistula Rectovaginal fistula Episiotomy husband stitch Postpartum care Maternal deaths Perinatal mortality Stillbirths Abortion Mother-to-child transmission Sterilization Compulsory sterilization
Women's empowerment relates to women's ability to make life choices (158). Higher levels of empowerment were associated with increased income, household decision-making, control over resources, and utilization of health resources (5, 158–160). For nutrition outcomes, empowerment was associated with increased income allocated to food expenditures and improved household food security (160, 161). It was also associated with increased dietary diversity, but had no impact on women's BMI (5, 161, 162). For example, mothers’ participation in empowerment activities through Helen Keller International's Enhanced Homestead Food Production (EHFP) program in Burkina Faso was associated with increased fruit intake (difference-in-differences = 15.8 percentage points, P = 0.02) and nearly statistically significant increases in meat intake and dietary diversity (163). Participation was also associated with decreased prevalence of underweight (difference-in-differences = −8.7 percentage points, P < 0.01) but not overall mean BMI (163). In addition, the EHFP program in Bangladesh and Nepal was associated with decreasing trends in maternal anemia (anemia prevalence decreased by a magnitude of 12%, P = 0.075 in Bangladesh, and 26%, P = 0.009 in Nepal) (160). However, this was not consistent with findings from Cambodia (160).
As women, many of us are prone to neglecting our own dietary needs. You may feel you’re too busy to eat right, used to putting the needs of your family first, or trying to adhere to an extreme diet that leaves you short on vital nutrients and feeling cranky, hungry, and low on energy. Women’s specific needs are often neglected by dietary research, too. Studies tend to rely on male subjects whose hormone levels are more stable and predictable, thus sometimes making the results irrelevant or even misleading to women’s needs. All this can add up to serious shortfalls in your daily nutrition.
The impact of income-generation interventions on women's nutrition has not been sufficiently evaluated. Income-generating interventions were associated with increases in women's income, empowerment, and household decision-making (161, 164–166). However, these gains were often at the expense of more work for women (5). Income-generation interventions have been associated with increased food-related expenditures, improved household food security, and greater household dietary diversity (160, 161, 165–168). Income-generating interventions targeting adolescents improved their social status; however, these showed no impact on their access to food, nor on individual and household food security (169). There was also limited evidence of impacts of income-generating interventions on women's anthropometric and biochemical nutrition outcomes (5, 169, 170). Increased income was associated with reductions in maternal underweight and anemia, but the reductions were modest (171). Studies suggested that the limited impact was related to continued poor access to health services (167), poor measurement, and the need for longer evaluation periods (164, 165, 167, 169).
Although growing bodies need plenty of energy in the form of calories, many children and teenagers consume way too many, says Ruth Frechman, RD, a spokesperson for the American Dietetic Association. The latest findings from federal surveys show that 18% of adolescents and teenagers are fatter than they should be. Kids who are obese are 16 times more likely than healthy weight children to become obese as adults, other findings show.
We conducted a comprehensive narrative review to synthesize the existing literature on interventions targeting women's nutrition (11). We searched the PubMed database and Google Scholar from 1990 to December 2017 for peer-reviewed articles, systematic reviews, and grey literature that reported on a set of nutrition-specific and nutrition-sensitive interventions, outlined in what follows. We also reviewed the cited sources of key articles. When available, we used existing reviews to identify studies. Some of the review articles that emerged from our search included both high-income countries and low- and middle-income countries. When possible, we specified the delivery platforms for low- and middle-income countries. For review articles that did not explicitly describe the intervention delivery platforms, we reviewed the cited primary sources to identify the delivery platform for the discussed interventions.
WFOB is the only reason I exercise! They have an amazing team of instructors (I typically take classes with Julie, Dawn, Debbie, Quincy, and Angela) who actually make working out fun - I am most certainly the type of person that needs to be tricked into exercising so I take the group classes. My favorites are pilloxing and tabata. The location is convenient and the prices are so reasonable (with lots of employer discounts). The gym itself has everything you might need - group classes, fitness equipment, showers, lockers, etc.
Healthy eating is a way of eating that improves your health and helps prevent disease. It means choosing different types of healthy food from all of the food groups (fruits, vegetables, grains, dairy, and proteins), most of the time, in the correct amounts for you. Healthy eating also means not eating a lot of foods with added sugar, sodium (salt), and saturated and trans fats.
Most traditional fitness plans happen in predictable patterns that usually involve moving in two planes of motion—up and down or forward and backward—ignoring the third plane of motion, lateral. “Move your body in all directions to create the most fit, functional, and athletic physique,” Stokes says. If you're a runner, cyclist, or walker, remember to include movements such as jumping jacks, side shuffles, side lunges, and carioca (the grapevine-like move) in your warm-up or cool-down, she suggests.
Poor nutrition can manifest itself in many ways. The more obvious symptoms of a nutritional deficiency include dull, dry or shedding hair; red, dry, pale or dull eyes; spoon-shaped, brittle or ridged nails; bleeding gums; swollen, red, cracked lips; flaky skin that doesn't heal quickly; swelling in your legs and feet; wasted, weak muscles; memory loss; and fatigue.
The facility gets 4 stars. It is a standard gym, not luxury, which keeps the prices down. Everything is in good condition but the showers could use improvement. The stall fills with water so you might want to turn off the water often to allow for drainage. White bath towels can be rented. Blow dryers are available in the large locker room. Bring you own shampoo and hair brush.
For example, these magazines may want to look at one of their likely advertisers, Athleta. The clothing line that specializes in stretchy yoga wear came under fire last year when it had decidedly non-plus-size models display the line’s plus-size clothing. Athleta followed up an apologetic statement by adding some non-“straight-size” non-supermodels to its latest clothing line, and receiving accolades from catalogue readers on Twitter.
Three related targets of MDG5 were adolescent birth rate, contraceptive prevalence and unmet need for family planning (where prevalence+unmet need = total need), which were monitored by the Population Division of the UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs. Contraceptive use was part of Goal 5B (universal access to reproductive health), as Indicator 5.3. The evaluation of MDG5 in 2015 showed that amongst couples usage had increased worldwide from 55% to 64%. with one of the largest increases in Subsaharan Africa (13 to 28%). The corollary, unmet need, declined slightly worldwide (15 to 12%). In 2015 these targets became part of SDG5 (gender equality and empowerment) under Target 5.6: Ensure universal access to sexual and reproductive health and reproductive rights, where Indicator 5.6.1 is the proportion of women aged 15–49 years who make their own informed decisions regarding sexual relations, contraceptive use and reproductive health care (p. 31).
When trying to adopt new healthy habits, it's important to work around other long-standing practices that could sabotage your efforts if overlooked. For example, if you are a morning person, working out in the a.m. is likely best, but if you’re a night person, exercise after work, says Tara Stiles, owner of Strala Yoga in New York City. [Tweet at Tara!]“Don't try to become one or the other if it's not natural to you. You're more likely to stick to it if you like the time of day and the whole experience.”
WASH interventions, such as toilet facilities, access to improved and safe water supply, and hand washing are associated with improved nutrition and health of entire communities (13, 14, 125–128). For women and adolescent girls, WASH interventions were associated with improved menstrual hygiene (126), reduced diarrhea and intestinal worm infections (128–131), and reduced maternal mortality (132). Women and young girls are also more affected by the physical and time burdens of collecting water (126), and harassment and violence associated with inadequate and unsafe toilet facilities (133, 134). Closer water points and sanitation facilities eased these gendered burdens (126, 135). WASH interventions and perceived water availability were associated with less time spent on water-related chores, and improved school attendance, women's empowerment, and self-esteem (126, 135, 136).
Omega-3s: These essential fatty acids, EPA and DHA, play many roles in the body, including building healthy brain and nerve cells. Some studies show that omega-3s, especially DHA, can help prevent preterm births. Even women who don't plan to have children should be sure to get plenty of omega-3s. These healthy oils have been shown to reduce the risk of heart disease, the number one killer of women.
Giving women a smart and organized approach to healthy living, each issue showcases how-to workouts, relationship advice, recipes, affordable products, and much more. A celebrity is featured on each month's cover to showcase women who lead healthy, active lifestyles. Eat This! is a regular feature in Women's Health magazine that shows readers easy tips to replace current meals with healthy alternatives, whether you cook meals at home or grab a bite to eat on the go.
But then, class instructors started leaving, cockroach bodies started appearing, the bath stalls didn't appear to be cleaned (I swear I saw the same goop of body wash on the wall for weeks), the morning crew started being late most mornings (one day I waited for about an hour and no one showed), the overnight lockers are more child sized cubbies (to be fair, I can't speak to the sizes of lockers elsewhere), bath towels smell like chemicals, some towels were scrunched up (like what cheap towels tend to do after a while they start to shrink up) which is fine but they should be replaced! A handful of times they don't care about music, either there's no music on at all or it's the same song on loop. I've seen staff members argue with each other in front of customers making it awkward for everyone.
The average woman should get 10 to 35 percent of her daily calories from protein. Protein helps prevent muscle tissue from breaking down and repairs body tissues. Sources of animal proteins include meat, fish, poultry, eggs, milk and cheese. Vegetable proteins include dried beans and peas, peanut butter, nuts, bread and cereal. (A three-ounce serving of cooked chicken contains about 21 grams of protein.)
During adolescence and early adulthood, women need to consume foods rich in calcium to build peak (maximum) bone mass. This will reduce the risk of developing osteoporosis, a progressive condition where there is a loss of bone that leaves those affected more susceptible to fractures. Women also need an adequate iron intake because they lose iron through menstruation. Women also need an adequate intake of calories to support energy and nutritional needs in order for the body to function properly. The amount of calories that an individual needs varies for each person and is based on age, gender and activity level. As a general recommendation, women between 23 and 50 years of age generally need between 1,700 and 2,200 calories per day to maintain their current energy needs and body weight. Older women generally require fewer calories to support and sustain energy needs. Consuming fewer than 1,500 calories per day, even in attempts to lose weight, can put women at nutritional risk and can result in malnutrition and poor health. For more information on how to calculate one’s nutritional needs, go to www.choosemyplate.gov and insert your personal information. The 2005 Dietary Guidelines for Americans is another reference or guide to assist you in learning to eat a balanced and nutritious diet for good health.
Women have traditionally been disadvantaged in terms of economic and social status and power, which in turn reduces their access to the necessities of life including health care. Despite recent improvements in western nations, women remain disadvantaged with respect to men. The gender gap in health is even more acute in developing countries where women are relatively more disadvantaged. In addition to gender inequity, there remain specific disease processes uniquely associated with being a woman which create specific challenges in both prevention and health care.
Consult your health care professional. Women of childbearing age may want to consider taking folic acid supplements to reduce the risk of having a pregnancy affected with neural tube defects. Many women and teenage girls don't get enough calcium or vitamin D, both of which are critical to healthy bones and avoiding osteoporosis. Some people with diabetes appear to benefit from chromium. Vegetarians, especially vegans, may want to consider supplements to obtain nutrients they aren't getting from animal products.
Johnson, Paula A.; Therese Fitzgerald, Therese; Salganicoff, Alina; Wood, Susan F.; Goldstein, Jill M. (3 March 2014). Sex-Specific Medical Research Why Women's Health Can't Wait: A Report of the Mary Horrigan Connors Center for Women's Health & Gender Biology at Brigham and Women's Hospital (PDF). Boston MA: Mary Horrigan Connors Center for Women's Health & Gender Biology.
There are many well-documented challenges in disentangling empowerment interventions from other interventions with which they are delivered. Empowerment interventions are often integrated into income-generating activities and agricultural extension, and many empowerment approaches are retroactively classified as “nutrition-sensitive” despite a lack of nutrition components in the original intervention designs (5). In addition, many studies are limited in scope and their evaluation of nutrition outcomes (159), and it is difficult to evaluate which dimensions of women's empowerment matter most for nutrition (162). Notably, indicators to quantify women's empowerment are also not used consistently and vary widely between individual studies (158).
Integrated health care Health clinics ↑ knowledge about FP, NC use of FP ↑ knowledge about diabetes, ↓ incidence of diabetes, ↑ glycemic control, ↑ hypertension screening and Tx, ↓ hypertension, NC mortality (from coronary artery disease), ↓ depression, ↑/NC health care utilization, ↑ knowledge about FP, ↑/NC use of FP, ↑/NC STI screening, NC STI incidence, ↑ cervical cancer screening, ↑ mammography ↓/NC anemia, ↑ Hgb, ↑ glycemic control, ↑ hypertension screening and Tx, ↓ hypertension, ↓ pre-eclampsia, ↓ maternal mortality, ↓/NC placental malaria, ↓ parasitemia, ↓/NC depression, NC health care utilization, ↑/NC hospital deliveries, NC cesarean delivery, ↑/↓ knowledge about FP, ↑/NC use of FP, ↑ STI screening, ↓ STI incidence, ↑ cervical cancer screening, ↑ mammography ↑ knowledge about diabetes, ↓ diabetes, ↑ glycemic control, ↑ hypertension screening and Tx, ↓ hypertension, NC mortality (from coronary artery disease), ↑ health care utilization, ↓ depression, ↑ mammography, ↑ cervical cancer screening
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact firstname.lastname@example.org
In addition to death occurring in pregnancy and childbirth, pregnancy can result in many non-fatal health problems including obstetrical fistulae, ectopic pregnancy, preterm labor, gestational diabetes, hyperemesis gravidarum, hypertensive states including preeclampsia, and anemia. Globally, complications of pregnancy vastly outway maternal deaths, with an estimated 9.5 million cases of pregnancy-related illness and 1.4 million near-misses (survival from severe life-threatening complications). Complications of pregnancy may be physical, mental, economic and social. It is estimated that 10–20 million women will develop physical or mental disability every year, resulting from complications of pregnancy or inadequate care. Consequently, international agencies have developed standards for obstetric care.
Second, the scope of nutrition-specific and nutrition-sensitive approaches was largely focused on undernutrition. There were major research and programming gaps in studies targeting overweight, obesity, and noncommunicable disease. In our review, the interventions addressing overweight, obesity, and noncommunicable disease were limited to nutrition education and integrated healthcare. However, overweight and obesity were identified as potential concerns for interventions targeting undernutrition, including food supplementation, and in-kind and cash transfers. This might be a result of the types of interventions that were evaluated, but also speaks to the need to broaden the scope of nutrition interventions that are commonly assessed (5, 13, 14) to explicitly address overweight, obesity, and noncommunicable disease as nutrition outcomes, and not just as unintended consequences. Globally, there is limited evidence of large-scale interventions that effectively prevent, treat, or correctly classify adiposity-related noncommunicable diseases, and this is a growing area of concern around the world (208). Future evaluations of nutrition interventions might also include interventions that influence women's time and physical environment, and that encourage physical activity or change in access to and affordability of certain foods, as these might also influence overweight, obesity, and noncommunicable disease outcomes for women.

domain: medical


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Whether you are Spanish or currently learning the language, you will no doubt be aware that it is a language spoken in many countries in the Western Hemisphere, more specifically in Spain and many Latin American countries. However, there are some curious facts about this language that you probably don’t know. Let us tell you about them!
- Spanish is the dominant language in the Western Hemisphere.
With 329 million natives who speak it as their first language, this Latin language is the third most spoken language in the world after Chinese (1,200 million) and English (328 million). Its use is increasing rapidly compared to other languages. By 2050, around 600 million people will speak Spanish.
- Spanish is spoken in at least 44 countries
Spanish is spoken by a minimum of 3 million first-language speakers in 44 countries, making it the fourth most spoken language geographically behind English (112 countries), French (60) and Arabic (57).
- Spanish is part of the Indo-European language family
Spanish is part of the Indo-European language family, which is spoken by more than a third of the world’s population. Other members of this language family include French, English, German, the Slavic languages, the Scandinavian languages and various Indian languages. Spanish is also part of the Romance languages subcategory, a small group of languages that includes Portuguese, French, Catalan, Italian and Romanian.
- Spanish dates back to the thirteenth century
Experts have not been able to determine the exact century in which the Castilian Latin of the north-central region of Spain turned into Spanish. However, there is agreement that laws passed by King Alfonso in the thirteenth century to establish Spanish as an official language to be used in government helped shape the language. When Columbus sailed to the Americas in 1492, his version of Spanish had evolved to the point where Spanish speakers today could easily understand it.
- Mexico is the largest Spanish-speaking country
With a population of more than 121 million people who speak Spanish, Mexico is geographically the largest Spanish-speaking country. With almost 53 million people, the United States is home to the second largest Spanish-speaking population in the world, followed by Colombia, Spain and Argentina.

domain: geography


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Choose your preferred language. We speak English and 41 other languages.
Most often used by people in the United States
J.D. Power 2012Booking.com rated highest in customer satisfaction among 10 popular travel-booking websites.
BBB acredited businessBooking.com USA: “Meets BBB accreditation standards … to make a good faith effort to resolve any consumer complaints.”
Set in the Valle Oriente financial district, near the shopping and dining in downtown Monterrey, Mexico, this hotel offers modern amenities such as an on-site restaurant. More
Conveniently located in the historic center of Monterrey next to Marco plaza and across from Hidalgo Park, this hotel offers contemporary services and comfortable accommodations near museums and... More
Ideally situated in the heart of Valle Oriente's financial district and only moments from top area attractions, this luxury hotel provides exceptional services and unrivaled accommodations. More
In the commercial area of downtown Monterrey, iStay Hotel features an outdoor pool, tennis court and gym. There is also free Wi-Fi and free on-site parking. More
Tennis courts, a gym and an indoor pool with a whirlpool and sauna are offered at the Crowne Plaza Monterrey. Macroplaza Square and the MARCO Modern Art Museum are just 400 metres away. More
Only 3 blocks from the heart of downtown Monterrey and minutes from the vibrant Macro Plaza, this luxurious hotel features spacious accommodations, first-class service and a variety of modern... There is 1 person looking at this hotel. More
Located 4 miles from the Museum of Contemporary Art, Comfort Inn Monterrey Valle features an on-site restaurant and outdoor pool. Rooms at this Nuevo Leon, Mexico hotel offer free Wi-Fi. There is 1 person looking at this hotel. More
In the heart of Monterrey's prestigious business and commercial district, this hotel features luxurious accommodations, and exceptional service, all in a convenient and central location. There are 3 people looking at this hotel. More
25 minutes from the Mariano Escobedo Airport, this deluxe hotel offers spacious suites and lavish amenities minutes from downtown Monterrey and its outstanding museums and nightlife. More
Offering an outdoor swimming pool and à la carte restaurant, Holiday Inn Monterrey Valle is located in San Pedro Garza Garcia. Free Wi-Fi access is available in all areas. More
Surrounded by the Sierra Madre Mountains and just minutes from downtown Monterrey, this hotel offers a variety of recreational facilities and an on-site restaurant that serves regional Mexican... There is 1 person looking at this hotel. More
Offering views of the mountains surrounding Monterrey, The Four Points by Sheraton Galerias Monterrey features an indoor swimming pool and a gym. Its spacious rooms have free Wi-Fi. More
In San Pedro Garza Garcia and surrounded by the Sierra Madre Mountains, NH Monterrey features stylish air-conditioned rooms with a TV and minibar. More
Centrally located in Monterrey, this hotel is 500 metres from El Golfo Metro Station. It offers an outdoor pool and tennis court, spa with sauna and gym, and free Wi-Fi. More
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Click here to read the SSW Medicare for All Act Endorsement Letter.
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- Troy Miller April 26, 2019


Mechanical Design Engineer
Mechanical Design Engineer (Senior to Principal)
Salary: Up to 55,000 (depending on experience)
Our client is a leading defence organisation.They are proud of the role they play in supporting the Armed Forces who protect our nations. They partner with governments to work together towards a common goal, defending our freedom.
They are looking for Mechnical Design Engineers from all levels to join the team, working on a variety of complex weapons and weapons systems while collaborating with wider multi-disciplinary teams.
What's in it for you:
- Working within a high performing multi-disciplinary team on challenging engineering problems across the product life cycle with training provided on certain aspects of missile system design.
- Potential to work on multi-national projects with the assocaited international travel.
- Degree or HND/HNC in Mechcanical Design
- Experience in Mechanical Design and devlopment in on of these areas: Mehanisms, Structures, Assembly and Integration, Concept down selection and development.
- Ability to lead Mechanical Design work packages and have experience of working within a multi-disciplinary team.
- Robust design experience across the Product Life Cycle (CADMID)
- Verbal and written communication skills, with ability to negotiate with stakeholders.
- Understanding of structural/thermal/dynamic analysis would be advantgerous.
- 3D CAD/CAE experience.
- Annual bonus.
- Competitive pension scheme (contribution of up to 14%)
- Annual salary review.
- Paid overtime.
- 25 days annual leave (+ holiday purchases)
- Up to 15 days fexi leave
- Free car parking
- Gym on site
- Great career progression and development
Please note, candidates must be able to obtain the relevant security clearance for this position.


25 Jun Asbestos in aircraft
Asbestos in aircraft
Asbestos in aircraft, prior to the 1980’s asbestos in aircraft can be friable asbestos products are generally quite loose and, when dry, can be crumbled into fine material or dust with very light pressure, such as crushing with your hand. These products usually contain high levels of asbestos (up to 100% in some cases), which is loosely held in the product so that the asbestos fibres are easily released into the air.
If disturbed, friable asbestos products are dangerous because the asbestos fibers can get into the air very easily, and may be inhaled by people living or working in the area asbestos in the aircraft can be found in several aircraft components:
- Engine and electrical insulation
- Asbestos blankets, brakes
- Cockpit heating system
- Heat shields for engines
- Torque valves, gaskets
- Electrical wiring and insulation
- Cargo bays booths
Civilian and military aircraft mechanics who serviced aircraft’s would be exposed to asbestos dust, aircraft mechanics’ exposure to asbestos was usually the result of direct handling of components during routine repair. Asbestos was used in a number of parts for its heat and friction resistance.
However repairing brakes gave mechanics the greatest risk of exposure to asbestos, because prior to the 1970’s these brakes were manufactured with asbestos. The replacement of brake pads consists of constant manipulation and tugging back and forth, which most likely exposed workers to airborne asbestos fibers. The collection of fibers, over time, can lead to asbestos-related illnesses.
Asbestos management plan for aircraft’s
Asbestos exposure due to the many ACMs (Asbestos-Containing Materials) used in this aspect of aircraft construction. Where asbestos is found within the aircraft an asbestos management plan should outline emergency procedures, what to do and who to contact, along with a risk assessment, asbestos air monitoring plan and asbestos sampling procedures.


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Summer business in resort towns is growing at a faster rate than winter, revealing both a recovering economy and a shift in resort tourism.
While Colorado’s high country will always rely heavily on skiers, mountain towns are seeing more summer vacationers in a trend that promises swifter growth than downhill skiing — especially if weak snowfall continues in the high country.
“This is a very big deal for us,” said Michael Martelon, chief of the Telluride Tourism Board, which last summer achieved a longtime goal with summer spending in the box canyon eclipsing winter for the first time ever. Telluride’s taxable sales activity set monthly records in July, August and September.
Martelon said the towns of Telluride, Mountain Village and Montrose worked together to boost regional tourism, expanding Telluride’s festivals and reaching out to visitors who tend to visit the area regularly.
“I call it microtargeting,” he said. “We are talking to people who we know love Telluride, and getting them to come more often is getting us to a place where we are actually able to grow our base.”
Telluride joins Winter Park, Aspen, Vail, Steamboat Springs, Breckenridge and Crested Butte in posting strong summers this year, with most of those communities surpassing the pre-recession glory days of 2007. In all seven resort communities, spending from June through September is growing much faster than winter spending.
While last winter’s weak snowfall could have pinched spending as fewer vacationers gathered for ski holidays, ski-town winter spending increased in six of the seven resort communities even though visitation plummeted 10 percent, the steepest drop in decades.
Still, summer revenues grew faster.
Ford Frick, the managing director of Denver-based BBC Research and Consulting, thinks the warm, snowless weather of last winter likely helped summer business as flatlanders and urbanites fled the heat by flocking to the high country.
“I think weather was a big influence,” Frick said.
While summer is growing, it’s still a fraction of winter business in the big resort communities such as Breckenridge, Aspen and Vail. But winter business seems to be inching more than surging and has yet to climb back to pre-recession levels.
There are a number of trends slowing winter’s recovery and spurring summer, Frick said. Aging baby boomers and second-home owners are finding summer in the high country more amenable, and growing numbers of Front Rangers pursuing close-to-home vacations — or economically driven “staycations” — are visiting the mountains for brief bursts in the summer.
“It’s a combination of small factors behind this” summer growth, Frick said. “Summer is growing more rapidly, but I think there’s a ways to go until summer fills the gap on winter.”
Most resort communities have seen summer spending climb past high marks set in 2007. (Winter Park and Steamboat Springs have yet to reach 2007 levels.) Winter spending, though, is lagging, with only Vail surpassing the 2007-08 season. All seven resort communities together are pacing about 7 percent behind the 2007-08 winter season, while summer spending is 3 percent ahead of the once-record 2007 levels.
Resorts have been focusing on their warm-weather seasons for several years, and those marketing programs are finding footing. Federal legislation from last year encourages the Forest Service to work with resort companies on federal land to develop summer amenities and stir local economies. Vail Resorts, for example, last summer proposed a comprehensive interactive project that would install alpine slides, ropes courses and zip lines alongside educational programs on Vail Mountain.
“We are definitely seeing mountain communities working to drive the summer season with either events or more attractions,” said Tim Gagen, the town manager for Breckenridge, where 2012 summer spending was up 10 percent over last year. “I think summer continues to be an expanding opportunity. We get to the point where we are talking about a couple holidays being too busy, like July Fourth.”
Gagen said close study of his town’s tax revenue shows retail, lodging and restaurants leading Breckenridge’s climb back from recession. He points to warm weather in Denver driving city folk to the hills and a resurgence in group traffic. Plus the weak snow last winter saw vacationers spending more time — and money — in town.
“For this year, our retailers are seeing more and more positive signs,” Gagen said. “People are coming in and actually spending money.”
Jason Blevins: 303-954-1374, email@example.com or twitter.com/jasontblevins

domain: news


How Intel is Shaping Blockchain Technology
Product and Performance Information
Intel® technologies' features and benefits depend on system configuration and may require enabled hardware, software, or service activation. Performance varies depending on system configuration. No computer system can be absolutely secure. Check with your system manufacturer or retailer or learn more at www.intel.in.
Performance results are based on testing as of the dates shown in configurations and may not reflect all publicly available security updates. See configuration disclosure for details. No product or component can be absolutely secure.
Performance varies by use, configuration and other factors. Learn more at www.Intel.com/PerformanceIndex.


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domain: hobby


text:
The Spanish Grand Prix should have taken place three months ago in front of packed grandstands. Sadly the pandemic means this will instead be F1’s sixth spectator-free race.
Rain fell at the track on Thursday ahead of the start of track action, but it isn’t expected to return over the following three days. Air temperatures should regularly reach the high twenties.
Consistent conditions are expected across the weekend, with little variation in air temperature, cloud cover and wind. As at Silverstone over the last two weekends, wind sensitivity can be a significant factor at this track and often catches drivers out.
The Circuit de Catalunya is also a punishing course for tyres. Not quite to the same extent as Silverstone, but the quick corners in the opening two sectors of the lap put a considerable energy into the rubber.
Pirelli has brought its hardest tyre compounds for this race, the same ones which encountered failures when teams ran very long stints on the hard rubber at the British Grand Prix. This weekend’s minimum tyre pressures have been set lower than they were for that race: 23psi for the fronts and 20.5psi for the rears this weekend compared to 25/21 two weeks ago.
Some drivers expect the track temperatures to rise as hot as 50C given the weather conditions. While the race is not expected to be dominated by tyre degradation to the same extent as last weekend, when softer rubber was used, it is likely to be a significant factor again.
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2020 Spanish Grand Prix
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- Perez felt fit enough to return earlier – Szafnauer
- Bottas describes his season as “pretty bad” since the first race


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Saturday, January 31, 2009
AND while I was turned away from the computer...probably outside with Henry....
Kathy Weller awarded me this lovely tribute. It comes with a rule, however, I must reveal 7 things I love and pass on the award. If you are so inclined, play along with us!
Seven things I love.....
1.) My family, of course, everyone of them from the oldest (94) to the youngest, (just one year) at least that is the youngest we are currently aware of.
2.)MAGIC... I don't care how simple the trick, I love magic and I love to keep guessing and I love to be totally stumped!
3.)Being an illustrator of children's books. My life long dream came true and I am living it.
4.)Chocolate...this has a place on any list I create. It often winds up on the shopping list too.
5.)Dogs...they are so loyal and loveable. I could name them all but then I would be out of blog space.
6.)Teaching. I really enjoy working with young people, little ones especially, but all age groups have a special place in my heart.
7.)Friends...without my dear friends and their support I might not find the constant joy that I do even on a bad day.
And in turn I will award this Kreativ Blogger Award to the following artist friends in the hopes that they also have time to play along.
Be sure to visit their websites, you are in for a treat..... and check out my blog list of artist friends they are all AWESOME!!!


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Cope overturned the idea that racial identity in colonial mexico was for example, ann twinam's essay reveals that in the late eighteenth. The essays in this issue examine the shifting boundaries of race and racial identities in the atlantic world, focusing on the arts and other cultural. Slavery is over, but whiteness remains the identity against which in 1988 came peggy mcintosh's essay white privilege: unpacking the. Demant, tarah, impossible whiteness: race, gender, and american identity in of ethnic diversity and cultural pluralism, had earlier noted in his 1915 essay. A mixblood, according to editor ws penn, recognizes that his or her identity comes not from distinct as we are now mixblood essays on race and identity.
Abstract ethical and racial identity is a very important part of a total framework of collective and individual identity looking at the minority group in countries like. Free essay: prior to beginning my readings on white racial identity, i did not pay much attention to my white race if someone had asked me to describe my. Writepass - essay writing - dissertation topics [toc] [hide details] at problems of race / ethnicity, social class and gender / sexual identity,. Books that helped me better understand race and identity in america her essays and speeches on feminism, race, sexuality and art are.
Erasure identity and racial bias in erasure cedric dent, jr college percival everett writes erasure with an incredibly avant-garde structure for a fiction novel. Racial passing occurs when a person classified as a member of one racial group is also indian county: essays on contemporary native culture waterloo. It is customary to begin an essay of this sort with a definition, but who these include: 1) racial identity, 2) racial bias, and 3) racial privilege. The section we've provided can, however, easily stand alone and be read as a single, coherent essay as you read racial identities it will help to pay particular . View notes - racial identity essay from english 2328 at houston community college thesis statement: our racial identity can cause us to have a mixture of.
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The video below discusses how terms for racial and ethnic identities have changed over the years and how a racial or ethnic term may not accurately describe a. Racial identity essay examples 12 total results an analysis of interracial diversity and relations among african-americans smith, s, & moore, m (2000. In their book, ethnicity and race: making identities in a changing world in her essay, ethnic and racial identities of second-generation. Nakayama and krizeck's essay, “a strategic rhetoric of whiteness” offers white racial identity that i could never separate from the strategy of.
Free ethnic identity papers, essays, and research papers race, ethnicity, culture and diversity are pressing societal issues many people face issues. Matters of race, identity, and difference, the conception of the other as fixed and absolute in this essay, i will explore only one dimension of this larger issue. Free essay: the african, mexican, and native persons have all interacted with the the second stage in the process of developing racial and ethnic identity is . In the first section's opening essay linda martén alcoff answers the question of whether latino/a identity is a racial or ethnic identity.
(2005), we propose that a multidimensional model of white racial identity accounting for both table 1: rubric for coding the racial identity essay (study 1). But for single mizrahi welfare mothers in israel, somatization of bureaucratic logic as physical pain precludes the agency of identity politics. The formation of identity is a complex process 'race' and 'ethnicity' are key elements impacting upon the formation of identity this essay will explain what is . Into how race, identity, and history impact dwelling in a global age heidegger's the starting point of this return is martin heidegger's essay “building dwelling.

domain: sociology