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Volume 25, Number 5—May 2019
Lassa Virus Targeting of Anterior Uvea and Endothelium of Cornea and Conjunctiva in Eye of Guinea Pig Model
Lassa virus (LASV), a hemorrhagic fever virus endemic to West Africa, causes conjunctivitis in patients with acute disease. To examine ocular manifestations of LASV, we histologically examined eyes from infected guinea pigs. In fatal disease, LASV immunostaining was most prominent in the anterior uvea, especially in the filtration angle, ciliary body, and iris and in and around vessels in the bulbar conjunctiva and peripheral cornea, where it co-localized with an endothelial marker (platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule). Antigen was primarily associated with infiltration of T-lymphocytes around vessels in the anterior uvea and with new vessel formation at the peripheral cornea. In animals that exhibited clinical signs but survived infection, eyes had little to no inflammation and no LASV immunostaining 6 weeks after infection. Overall, in this model, LASV antigen was restricted to the anterior uvea and was associated with mild chronic inflammation in animals with severe disease but was not detected in survivors.
Lassa virus (LASV) is the etiologic agent of Lassa fever (LF), a viral hemorrhagic fever endemic to West Africa. Incidence of LF in areas to which it is endemic is ≈100,000–300,000 cases annually, of which ≈5,000 are fatal (1). After an incubation period of 7–21 days (2,3), disease onset is gradual and includes fever, weakness, myositis, and ulcerative pharyngitis that may progress to myocarditis, pneumonitis and pleuritis, and encephalopathy and hemorrhage (2). The most well-documented sequela of LF is hearing loss (4–8).
Ocular involvement in acute LF includes conjunctivitis and conjunctival edema (9). In addition, transient blindness has been described in humans recovering from LASV infection (3,10). The extent of viral presence in the eye, the ocular structures targeted by LASV, and the clinical implications of ocular infection are unknown.
In viral hemorrhagic fever disease, ocular manifestations are not limited to LF and are well described for infection with Ebola virus (EBOV) (11,12), Marburg virus (13), and Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) (14–16). Recently, the implications of viral persistence in the eye and other immunoprivileged sites have been highlighted in Ebola virus disease (EVD) (12,17). The possibility of LASV persistence in the eye is unknown, as is the extent of chronic pathologic changes secondary to infection that could result in long-term functional abnormalities.
Inbred Strain 13 guinea pigs almost uniformly die of disease after LASV infection with the prototypic 1976 Josiah strain without requiring serial adaptation (18). In addition, we recently described nonlethal disease in Strain 13 guinea pigs infected with a 2015 isolate from a person with LF imported to New Jersey, USA, from Liberia (LASV 812673-LBR-USA-2015, or LASV-NJ2015 ). To investigate ocular manifestations of LASV infection in animals that died of or survived infection, we collected samples from animals infected with either LASV-Josiah or LASV-NJ2015. LASV loads and distribution, and associated ocular histopathology, were assessed in these animals.
All animal procedures were approved by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC; Atlanta, GA, USA) Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC; #2833SPEGUIC) and conducted in accordance with the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (20). CDC is fully accredited by the Association for Assessment and Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care International. Procedures conducted with LASV or LASV-infected animals were performed in the CDC Biosafety Level 4 laboratory.
Recombinant LASV-Josiah, based on the sequence of an isolate obtained in 1976 from the serum of a 40-year-old man hospitalized at Songo Hospital in Sebgwena, Sierra Leone (21,22), was rescued in BSR-T7/5 cells and passaged twice in Vero-E6 cells (GenBank accession nos. HQ688673.1, HQ688675.1). Recombinant LASV 812673-LBR-USA-2015 (LASV-NJ2015), based on the sequence of an isolate obtained in 2015 from a 55-year-old man who died of LF in New Jersey after returning from Liberia, was rescued in BSR-T7/5 cells and passaged twice in Vero-E6 cells (19) (GenBank accession nos. MG 812650, MG812651). We determined focus-forming units and 50% tissue culture infectious dose (TCID50) titers in Vero-E6 cells by immunofluorescence assays using an in-house anti-LASV monoclonal antibody mix targeting nucleoprotein and glycoprotein 2 (SPR628), with TCID50 titers calculated using the method of Reed and Muench (23).
Guinea Pig Infections
Sixteen strain 13/N guinea pigs (8 male, 8 female, 6 months to >3 years of age) were obtained from our breeding colony at CDC. Age- and sex-matched 13/N guinea pigs were inoculated subcutaneously with 104 focus-forming units (equivalent to ≈2 × 104 TCID50) of LASV, either LASV-Josiah (10 animals) or LASV-NJ2015 (6 animals). Four animals infected with LASV-Josiah served as unvaccinated controls in parallel studies (24). All animals were housed individually and given daily fresh vegetable enrichment, hay, commercial guinea pig chow, and water as desired. Experienced CDC veterinarians or animal health technicians assessed animal health. Animals were humanely euthanized with isoflurane vapors and sodium pentobarbital (SomnaSol Euthanasia-III solution; Henry Schein Animal Health, https://www.henryscheinvet.com) once clinical illness scores (including piloerection, ocular discharge, weight loss >25%, changes in mentation, ataxia, dehydration, dyspnea, or hypothermia) indicated the animal was in the terminal stages of disease, or at the completion of study 41 days postinfection (dpi).
Quantitative Reverse Transcription PCR
RNA was extracted from blood and homogenized tissue samples using the MagMAX-96 Total RNA Isolation Kit (Thermo Fisher Scientific, https://www.thermofisher.com) on a 96-well ABI MagMAX extraction platform with a DNase-I treatment step, according to the manufacturer’s instructions. RNA was quantified by a quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) targeting a strain-specific nucleoprotein gene sequence (primer and probe sequences available on request from the authors), and normalized to 18S RNA levels. We determined viral small (S) segment copy numbers using standards prepared from in vitro–transcribed S segment RNA.
Histochemical Staining and Immunohistochemical Analysis
Tissue specimens were fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin and subjected to gamma irradiation (2 × 106 rad). Formalin-fixed tissues from all guinea pigs were routinely processed, embedded in paraffin, sectioned at 4 μm, and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. A veterinary pathologist visually assessed inflammation within the eye as minimal (few scattered lymphocytes around vessels), mild (small clusters of lymphocytes around vessels or within the filtration angle), or moderate (noticeably more intense infiltrates of lymphocytes within the eye). A marked response, which we did not observe in these animals, would have comprised tissue architecture disrupted by inflammatory cells.
We conducted immunohistochemical (IHC) assays using indirect immunoalkaline phosphatase detection on 4-μm sections. Colorimetric detection of attached antibodies was performed using the Mach 4 AP polymer kit (Biocare Medical, https://biocare.net) at room temperature, except for heat-induced epitope retrieval. Using either Reveal or EDTA buffer, we conducted heat-induced epitope retrieval using the NxGen decloaker (Biocare Medical) at 110°C for 15 min. All slides were blocked in Background Punisher (Biocare Medical) for 10 min and incubated with primary antibody for 30 min. Antibodies used were anti-CD3 (diluted 1:100 in EDTA buffer [#NCL-L-CD3–565; Leica Biosystems, https://www.leicabiosystems.com), anti-CD79a (1:100, EDTA buffer [#NCL-L-CD79a-22; Leica Biosystems]), and a mouse monoclonal antibody targeting LASV glycoprotein 2 at 1:1,000 (CDC). Mach 4 Probe was applied for 10 min, followed by Mach 4 AP polymer for 15 min (Biocare Medical). The antibody/polymer conjugate was visualized by applying Fast Red Chromogen dissolved in Naphthol Phosphate substrate buffer to tissue sections for 20 min (Thermo Fisher Scientific). Appropriate negative control serum was run in parallel. Slides were counterstained with Mayer’s hematoxylin (Poly Scientific, https://www.polyrnd.com) and blued in lithium carbonate (Poly Scientific). Positive controls included formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded Vero-E6 cells infected with LASV, tissue from a human with LF, and guinea pig spleen and liver (for inflammatory cell and cell lineage markers). A veterinary pathologist scored IHC staining on a scale of 0 (no IHC staining seen) to 4 (abundant, intense IHC staining within structures in the eye).
We performed double staining of antigens after heat-induced epitope retrieval using the EnVision G|2 Doublestain System Rabbit/Mouse (DAB+/Permanent Red; Agilent, https://www.agilent.com) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. We incubated slides in Endogenous Enzyme block for 5 min, primary antibody for 30 min, horseradish peroxidase-polymer for 10 min, and diaminobenzidine (DAB) working solution for 10 min. Double-stain block was then applied for 3 min, and the second stain procedure consisted of applying the other primary antibody for 30 min, followed by addition of the Rabbit/Mouse Link, AP-Polymer, and Permanent Red working solution for 10 min each. Slides were double-stained with the LASV monoclonal antibody (labeled in Permanent Red) and platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule (PECAM; 1:10 dilution in EDTA buffer [#MU241-UC; BioGenex, https://www.biogenex.com/; labeled with DAB). Appropriate negative control serum was run in parallel. Slides were counterstained, and coverslips were applied.
Detection of LASV in Eyes of Animals with Terminal Disease but Not in Survivors
All animals from which samples were obtained demonstrated >1 clinical signs of LASV infection, including elevated body temperature, weight loss, hunched posture, ruffled fur, and altered mentation. Swollen, red conjunctiva with associated ocular discharge was observed in most of the animals, coinciding with onset of clinical signs. To determine whether LASV infects the eye, we collected 1 eye from each of 16 guinea pigs (10 infected with LASV-Josiah and 6 infected with LASV-NJ2015) for PCR to detect viral nucleic acids. The other eye from each animal was used to create full ocular sections that were IHC stained to assess presence and localization of viral antigens.
We detected viral nucleic acids in the eyes of all guinea pigs that died of infection (9 of 10 guinea pigs infected with LASV-Josiah), ranging from 1.32 × 105 to 6.71 × 106 S-segment copies per μL of eluted RNA. Three of the 7 surviving animals, 1 infected with LASV-Josiah (Jos-2) and 2 infected with LASV-NJ2015, had detectable viral RNA within the eye, ranging from 2.50 × 101 to 4.28 × 102 copies per μL of eluted RNA. Viral RNA was below the limit of detection in the remaining survivors (4 guinea pigs infected with LASV-NJ2015).
We saw no IHC staining in the eyes of any animals that survived infection and detected little to no viral RNA within the eye, including in 1 animal infected with LASV-Josiah (Jos-2) and all animals infected with LASV-NJ2015 (infection confirmed by serology ). In contrast, IHC staining revealed LASV antigen in the eyes of all animals that died of infection and had detectable viral RNA in the range of 105–106 viral copies. LASV antigen staining was primarily concentrated within anterior regions of the eye (Table; Figures 1, 2). Specifically, we saw staining in the anterior uvea, mostly in the trabecular meshwork at the filtration angle (in 9/9 animals; Figure 2, panels A, D); in the iris, particularly in the pigmented epithelium along the posterior margin, as well as along the anterior margin (in 9/9 animals; Figure 2, panels A, F); and multifocally in the ciliary body epithelium (in 7/9 animals; Figure 2, panels A, E). In addition, we observed perivascular and endothelial staining within the sclera (5/9 animals) and bulbar conjunctiva (5/9 animals) and occasionally in new vessels forming at the peripheral cornea (5/9 animals) (Figure 2, panels A–C). In 5 animals, we noted patchy IHC staining in the corneal endothelium deep to Descemet’s membrane. In 2 animals (Jos-1 and -9), patchy but strong LASV staining was observed in epithelial cells in the surface epithelium of the eyelid, as well as within the dermal vessels, and within acini of the lacrimal glands (Figure 2, panels G, H). In animal Jos-5, we saw staining around scleral vessels at the midline of the eye, in association with mild inflammation.
LASV Infection in Endothelial Cells in the Eye
The distribution of IHC staining in animals with severe disease indicated a predilection for LASV infection of endothelial cells (in the cornea, sclera, conjunctiva, and deep to Descemet’s membrane) and in cells of neural crest and mesenchymal origin (in the iris, ciliary body, and filtration angle ); we noted viral antigen in endothelial cells and perivascular connective tissues in the conjunctiva and sclera of 5 of 9 animals with terminal disease. In 8 of the 9 animals, we observed mild new vessel formation at the peripheral cornea, with minimal associated inflammation (Figure 2, panel B; Figure 3, panels A–C); LASV staining was noted in endothelial cells of the new vessels in 5 of these guinea pigs (Jos-3, Jos-4, Jos-8, Jos-9, and Jos-10; Figure 2, panels A, B).
To confirm that LASV targets endothelial cells within the eye, we conducted IHC costaining with an anti-PECAM (anti-CD31) antibody and the anti-LASV antibody. In 50% of animals tested (3/6), we observed viral antigen and PECAM co-staining within vessels in the bulbar conjunctiva and in the newly formed vessels in the peripheral cornea (Figure 4).
Lymphocytic Ocular Inflammation Caused by LASV Infection
On histopathologic investigation, 56% (5/9) of animals that reached endpoint criteria had mild mononuclear anterior uveitis, with perivascular inflammation composed of lymphocytes primarily in the pars plana of the ciliary body, located near the iridoscleral junction, and scattered within the margins of the trabecular meshwork of the filtration angle (representative animal Jos-1; Table; Figure 3, panels D, H). Inflammation rarely extended into the stroma of the iris. Another prominent feature in 6 of 9 animals that died of LASV infection was mild to moderate lymphocytic inflammation around vessels in the bulbar conjunctiva and the anterior sclera, especially at the corneoscleral junction, and adjacent to the filtration angle (Figure 3, panels D, E). Mild conjunctival hemorrhage was noted in these animals histologically. Almost all (8/9) animals with terminal disease had mild, mixed inflammation composed of heterophils and lymphocytes at the peripheral cornea, as well as mild peripheral corneal neovascularization (representative animal Jos-4; Figure 3, panels A–C); 4 of these animals had a small amount of associated necrotic nuclear debris (Figure 3, panel C). The lymphocytic inflammation in the anterior uvea was most prominent in Jos-1, the guinea pig that had the most acute clinical course and died 14 dpi.
To characterize the inflammatory cell populations in animals with terminal disease, we conducted IHC staining targeting CD3+ T-lymphocytes and CD79a+ B-lymphocytes. The composition of inflammatory cells varied based on disease duration. The inflammatory milieu comprised T-lymphocytes and B-lymphocytes in Jos-1, which died of disease 14 dpi (Figure 5, panels A, B), but consisted primarily of T-lymphocytes in all animals that died >17 dpi (representative animal Jos-5; Figure 5, panels C–F). T-lymphocytes were most abundant in the trabecular meshwork and in the perivascular connective tissue in the sclera and bulbar conjunctiva. Scattered T-lymphocytes also were seen in the peripheral corneal stroma and epithelium in animals with corneal neovascularization (Figure 5, panel E).
Despite the absence of detectable viral antigen, we observed inflammation in all animals infected with LASV-NJ2015, but not in Jos-2, which survived LASV-Josiah infection. However, the degree of inflammation in surviving animals was notably less than in animals with terminal disease. Survivors demonstrated minimal to mild lymphocytic inflammation in the eye, compared with mild to moderate inflammation in animals with terminal disease. The lymphocytic inflammation in the eyes of surviving animals was accompanied by minimal heterophilic infiltrate around vessels of the peripheral cornea in 2 animals (NJ2015-1 and -5; Table). In addition, mild lymphocytic anterior uveitis was seen in NJ2015-6, which had the highest viral RNA copy number among surviving animals.
Long-term ocular manifestations are not well described in LASV infection, but given the importance and persistence of ocular lesions after infection with other hemorrhagic fever viruses, the pathogenesis of LASV in immune-privileged sites such as the eye must be fully characterized. In the few reported cases of ocular involvement in acute LF, clinical findings have primarily been described as conjunctivitis and conjunctival edema (9), although uveitis resulted in transient blindness in 1 case (3). In this study, we observed conjunctivitis and conjunctival edema clinically in infected guinea pigs, as described in human patients with acute disease. LASV RNA was detected by PCR in the eye, and LASV antigen was detected by IHC within the anterior uvea of animals that died of infection, particularly in the endothelium and perivascular stromal cells, and occasionally within epithelium. Similar LASV immunostaining was previously noted in other tissues in this animal model, as were the histologic features of mild lymphocytic inflammation and rare cell death (26).
Other animal models of LF also demonstrate infection in the eye. For example, the aqueous humor of the anterior chamber of the eye was found to be heavily infected in rhesus macaques that died of experimental LASV infection (27). Perivascular infiltrates of plasma cells and lymphocytes were described in the choroid, sclera, iris, filtration angle, and ciliary body of most of the animals, similar to what we observed here in guinea pigs.
In contrast to the findings in humans with LF and in animal models of LF, ocular manifestations during infection with several other hemorrhagic fever viruses, including filoviruses and phenuiviruses, include a broader tissue tropism in the eye and some viral persistence within the eyes of survivors. During the most recent EVD outbreak, infectious virus was detected months after clinical resolution in the intraocular aqueous humor of 1 person (11), and uveitis was reported in 18% of a group of EVD survivors in Sierra Leone (12). Uveitis, both anterior and posterior, was described in a series of survivors of the 1995 EVD epidemic in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (12,28). Anterior uveitis was also described after infection with the related Marburg virus, and the virus was subsequently cultured from the aqueous fluid of this patient (13). Macular, paramacular, or extramacular retinal lesions, with hemorrhage, edema, vasculitis, and retinitis, often occurring bilaterally, have been reported in association with RVFV infection. Patients were monitored during a 6-month convalescence after RVFV infection, and though lesions were resorbed, approximately half of the patients permanently lost visual acuity (15,16). Subsequent studies from an RVFV outbreak in Saudi Arabia in 2000 reported similar findings (14).
Recent studies have focused heavily on ocular involvement in EVD, resulting in detailed clinical descriptions in patients and prioritization for evaluation in animal models. In primates with an acute course of disease that resulted in death, EBOV RNA was not detected in the parenchymal ocular tissues but was consistently detected in the blood vessels of the choroid or ciliary processes or in the optic nerve leptomeninges (29). In this nonhuman primate EVD model, EBOV persisted in the vitreous humor, in cells attached to the retinal inner limiting membranes, and in the ciliary body, with a predilection for CD68+ macrophage/monocytes, and with associated uveitis, retinitis, and vitritis (29). In contrast, we found that guinea pigs that died of LASV infection had viral antigen only in anterior regions of the eye, whereas surviving animals did not have LASV antigen and only showed minimal inflammation within the eye.
One major site of viral localization in this study was within endothelial cells in the conjunctiva and peripheral cornea. This finding correlated with studies describing the ability of LASV to replicate to high levels in endothelial cells and alter cytokine expression in cell culture (30). Another feature of ocular LASV infection noted in this study was the associated chronic inflammation, composed primarily of T-lymphocytes, in the anterior uvea, conjunctiva, and cornea in animals that died at later time points in the infection (>17 dpi). Lymphocytic anterior uveitis has been described in ocular infections with other viruses (e.g., rubella virus, cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus, and chikungunya virus) and can indicate a secondary immune response to viral antigens (31,32), although the pyknotic debris and swollen endothelium in the new vessels at the corneal margin in LASV-infected guinea pigs suggest a more acute insult. A predominantly T-lymphocyte response has been documented as a particularly important component of the systemic immune response to LASV infection (33).
Our studies in the strain 13/N guinea pig model indicate that LASV is present in the eye and elicits an inflammatory response primarily during acute clinical disease that is only minimally detected in convalescence. These features echo clinical findings in LF survivors, in whom ocular disease has not been described. The lack of reported ocular disease in LF survivors, along with the presence of only minimal or mild pathology in surviving animals, suggests less frequent or less severe ocular sequelae of LF than described in other viral hemorrhagic fever diseases. However, because similar mild inflammation has been associated with iris atrophy and ocular hypertension in other viral infections (31,32), the low degree of inflammation seen in our study is not necessarily innocuous. Although these data and the few clinical reports of ocular involvement in survivors of human LF disease support minimal long-term effects on vision, careful ophthalmologic observation of LF survivors is warranted, along with further longitudinal studies in the subpopulation of animal models that survive LASV infection despite clinical signs. These studies would aid in determining whether the presence of LASV and the resultant inflammation, even after clearance, produce long-term sequelae in the eye.
Dr. Gary is a veterinary pathologist with the Infectious Disease Pathology Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, CDC. Her research interests include comparative pathology, zoonotic diseases, and digital pathology.
We thank César G. Albariño for designing and generating recombinant viruses and Tatyana Klimova for assistance in editing the manuscript.
This work was supported in part CDC emerging infectious disease research core funds.
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Table of Contents – Volume 25, Number 5—May 2019
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domain: biology


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Valle, M. and Gutiérrez, Rafael and Tejedor, C. and Cuniberti, Gianaurelio (2007) Tuning the conductance of a molecular switch. Nature Nanotechnology 2, p. 176.
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The ability to control the conductance of single molecules will have a major impact in nanoscale electronics. Azobenzene, a molecule that changes conformation as a result of a trans/cis transition when exposed to radiation, could form the basis of a light-driven molecular switch. It is therefore crucial to clarify the electrical transport characteristics of this molecule. Here, we investigate, ...
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|Institutions:||Physics > Institute of Theroretical Physics > Alumni or Retired Professors > Group Gianaurelio Cuniberti|
|Projects:||EU Grant: Carbon nanotube devices at the quantum limit, Volkswagen Stiftung: Molecular Computing|
|Dewey Decimal Classification:||500 Science > 530 Physics|
|Refereed:||Yes, this version has been refereed|
|Created at the University of Regensburg:||Yes|
|Deposited on:||15 Nov 2007|
|Last modified:||05 Aug 2009 13:40|

domain: chemistry


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4 - RBI to set up Ombudsman for Non-Banking Finance Companies
The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has announced to set up an ombudsman for Non-banking finance companies (NBFCs) with an aim to strengthen the customer grievance redressal mechanism.
The Ombudsman Scheme is expected to be operationalized by the end of February 2018. Initially it would be started with deposit-taking NBFCs and later on cover NBFCs with asset size of Rs 100 crore or more. At present, there are around 20 banking ombudsmen with offices in major state capitals in the country.
5 - IndusInd Bank unveils new Sonic Identity
IndusInd Bank launched its new Sonic Identity which is essentially a musical logo to build the Bank's brand imagery with the strategic use of music and sound for brand experiences and audience connection.
The musical logo is also referred to as the MOGO™ (short for musical LOGO). The sonic identity is derived from the Bank's persona and core values of innovation, courage and dynamism.
6 - Government proposed to allow premature closure of PPF account
Government has proposed to allow premature closure of Public Provident Fund (PPF) accounts and permit opening of small savings accounts in the name of minor. It will make amendments in Small Savings Act in this regard.
The government has also proposed merger of Government Savings Certificates Act, 1959 and Public Provident Fund Act, 1968 with the Government Savings Banks Act, 1873. The government has not make any change in interest rate or tax policy on small savings scheme through this amendment.
7 - RBI issued revised guidelines for expeditious resolution of bad loans
Reserve Bank of India has issued a revised framework for expeditious resolution of bad loans, harmonising the existing guidelines with the norms specified in the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (IBC). The new guidelines have specified framework for early identification and reporting of stressed assets.
RBI also announced to do away with the Joint Lenders' Forum (JLF) as an institutional mechanism for resolution of stressed accounts. The revised framework will govern all accounts, including those where any of the schemes have been invoked but not yet implemented.
8 - SBI wrote off bad loans worth ₹20,339 crore in 2016-17
State Bank of India wrote off bad loans worth ₹20,339 crore in 2016-17. The total amount of bad loans written off by all the public sector banks was ₹81,683 crore for 2016-17 with SBI leading the pack.
The PSBs wrote off ₹34,409 crore worth of bad loans in 2013-14, ₹49,018 crore in 2014-15 and ₹57,585 crore in 2015-16. For the quarter ending Sep-17 in the current Financial Year, PSBs have written off loans worth ₹53,625 crore. Also, September quearter, 9 PSBs (out of 21) had gross non-performing asset ratio of above 15% while 14 have GNPA Ratio of over 12%.
9 - Bank of Baroda to shut down its operations in South Africa by March-end
Bank of Baroda has decided to exit its South Africa operations by March-end amid a probe into alleged compliance lapses by the bank there.
The branch will stop taking new/incremental deposits and disbursing loans with effect from March 1, 2018. The branch will cease to operate and conduct the business of a bank with effect from March 31, 2018. The bank had initiated operations in South Africa about 21 years ago. BoB has 107 overseas branches.
10 - RBI relaxed Priority Sector Lending Rule for Banks
The Reserve Bank of India has relaxed the priority sector lending rule for banks. Henceforth, all loans to micro small and medium enterprises (MSME) will qualify as priority sector lending. Till date, loans up to Rs 10 crore per MSME borrower was considered for priority sector calculation.
The sub-target for bank lending to the micro enterprises has been 7.50 percent of adjusted net bank credit or credit equivalent amount of off-balance sheet exposure, whichever is higher.
11 - Yes Bank announced listing of its debut USD 600 mn MTN Bond on India INX
Yes Bank has listed its debut USD 600 million bond issue under its maiden USD 1 billion MTN (medium term note) programme on Global Securities Market (“GSM”) of India INX.
India INX is the country’s first international exchange, located at International Financial Services Centre, GIFT City in Gujarat. The bank will use the proceeds to fund the bank’s IFSC Banking Unit (IBU) in Gift City.
12 - NPCI accords consent to roll out WhatsApp BHIM UPI Beta launch
The National Payments Corporation of India, NPCI, has accorded its consent to roll out WhatsApp BHIM UPI beta launch with limited user base of one million and low per transaction limit.
Four banks will join the multi-bank BHIM UPI model. Bharat Interface for Money BHIM-Unified Payments Interface (BHIM UPI) was set up in 2009 as the central infrastructure for various retail payment systems in the country and envisaged by the Reserve Bank of India as a payment utility.
13 - NABARD signs pact to solarize its premises
National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD) today entered into a memorandum with Solar Energy Corporation of INDIA (SECI) to install rooftop solar systems on its premises across the country.
The initiative is expected to generate about 4 MW solar power for the institution’s own consumption. Surplus power, if produced, will be supplied to discoms. The move is in line with NABARD and the Union government’s ongoing effort to promote clean energy.
14 - NABARD launched Rs 1,918 cr area development plan for Punjab
The National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD) announced area development plans worth Rs 1,918 crore for Punjab to supplement farmers' income.
Under this plan, the activities like dairy, vegetable cultivation, bee keeping, mushroom growing will be promoted in order to provide income to farmers at sustainable basis. The investment credit growth in Punjab went down from 37 percent in 2013-14 to 18% in 2016-17 while the overall investment credit growth in India has gone up from 25% to 35%.
15 - Flipkart-owned PhonePe collaborated with Indian Oil to deploy PoS devices
Flipkart-owned PhonePe has collaborated with Indian Oil Corporation to deploy its own point-of-sales (PoS) payment terminals across all IOCL retail outlets. IOCL customers can pay using UPI, credit and debit cards, PhonePe wallet, or other external wallets.
PhonePe is currently live across more than 60K online and offline merchants including MakeMyTrip, PVR, Cleartrip etc. Flipkart acquired PhonePe in April 2016. Flipkart is planning to invest USD 500 million to expand PhonePe’s operations.
16 - PNB Housing Finance Ltd tied up with IFC for affordable housing
PNB Housing Finance Ltd has tied up with International Finance Corporation (IFC) to raise $800 million for green and affordable housing in India. IFC is a part of the World Bank Group.
According to the terms of the agreement, IFC and PNB Housing both will put up $400 million each. IFC will provide $150 million from its own money while the rest will be raised through masala bonds issued by PNB Housing. Masala bonds are rupee-denominated bonds issued in offshore capital markets.
17 - First sale of Electoral Bonds to commence from 1st March
The first sale of Electoral Bonds will commence from the 1st of March for a period of ten days. The Government has authorized four branches of the State Bank of India to issue and encash Electoral Bonds initially.
Electoral Bond will be valid for 15 days from the date of issue and no payment shall be made to any payee Political Party if the Bond is deposited after the expiry of the validity period. The Bond deposited by any eligible political party to its account shall be credited on the same day.
18 - EPFO fixed interest rate at 8.55 % for 2017-18
The Employees’ Provident Fund Organisation, EPFO has declared 8.55% interest rate for 2017-18 for its about 5 crore members. This was decided during the meeting of Central Board of Trustees of EPFO in New Delhi. For 2016-17 the rate was 8.65% and in 2015-16 the rate was 8.8%.
EPFO has liquidated portion of its investments in the exchange traded funds (ETFs) to bridge the gap to provide 8.55% interest this fiscal.
19 - Fitch put PNB ratings under review for downgrade
Fitch Ratings has placed Punjab National Bank's (PNB) Viability Rating on Rating Watch Negative (RWN). Currently, the viability rating stands at “BB”. The possible downgrade of rating is due to the detection of a large fraud in one of the bank’s branches amounting to Rs 11,500 crore.
Moody’s too has placed the bank under review for downgrade. The agency has a Baa3/P-3 rating while it has a Baa3 rating on its foreign currency issuer rating. The bank overall has a Baa2 rating with a stable outlook now from Moody’s.
20 - RBI sets up panel to monitor bad loans and frauds in banks
The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has set up an expert committee to look into the issues related to classification of banks' NPAs, rising incidents of frauds and effectiveness of audits. The panel will be headed by former RBI board member Y H Malegam.
The other members of the committee are Bharat Doshi, S. Raman and Nandkumar Saravade. A.K. Misra, Executive Director, RBI, will be the Member-Secretary of the committee.
21 - Capital First given permission to merge with IDFC Bank
National Housing Bank approved merger of Capital First and IDFC Bank. The merger is result of IDFC Bank's stated strategy of "retailing" its business to complete their transformation from a dedicated infrastructure financier to a well-diversified universal bank, and in line with Capital First’s stated intention and strategy to convert to a universal bank.
Capital First brings with it a retail lending franchise with a loan book of Rs 22,974 crores, customer base of 3 million customers; and a distribution network in 228 locations. Post-merger, the combined entity of IDFC Bank and Capital First will have 194 branches.
22 - RBI introduced Ombudsman scheme for NBFCs
The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) launched the Ombudsman Scheme for Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFC) for redressal of complaints against NBFCs registered with RBI under Section 45-IA of the RBI Act, 1934.
The Scheme will provide a cost-free and expeditious complaint redressal mechanism relating to deficiency in the services by NBFCs covered under the Scheme. The offices of the NBFC Ombudsmen will function at four metro centres viz. Chennai, Kolkata, Mumbai and New Delhi and will handle complaints of customers in the respective zones.
23 - RBI instructs banks to link SWIFT with CBS by 30th April
The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has instructed all banks to integrate SWIFT (Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication) with core banking solutions (CBS) within 30 April, 2018.
The SWIFT system promoted in 1973 by banks globally is used to transmit messages relating to cross border financial transactions. Globally over 11,000 financial institutions in more than 200 countries use the services of SWIFT which is viewed as secure.

domain: finance


In a world where love is often depicted through fantastical tales and breathtaking romance, there exists a captivating phenomenon that has taken the Wattpad community by storm. Brace yourself for a journey into the enchanting realm of “”. With its irresistible blend of stunning visuals, heart-fluttering moments, and irresistible characters, this sensational series has bewitched readers from around the globe. Join us as we delve into the realm where love knows no boundaries, and where the power of storytelling reigns supreme. Get ready to be swept away in an ocean of emotions as we uncover the mesmerizing allure of “”.
1. From Page to Screen: The Spectacular Journey of “Dakaretai Otoko Conquering Wattpad”
When a captivating story transcends the pages and captivates the hearts of millions, its journey doesn’t stop there. “Dakaretai Otoko Conquering Wattpad” has mesmerized readers with its spellbinding tales of love, but its magic didn’t end with the written word. This remarkable literary masterpiece has made its way onto the screen, enchanting fans in a whole new dimension.
– Evolving from words to visuals: The transition from book to screen has breathed life into the characters and their compelling stories. Fans can now see their beloved protagonists come to life, portrayed by talented actors who bring depth and authenticity to their roles. The power of the story is further amplified through the use of beautiful cinematography and carefully crafted visuals, allowing audiences to be completely immersed in the enchanting world of “Dakaretai Otoko Conquering Wattpad.”
– Unveiling unseen dimensions: The screen adaptation of “Dakaretai Otoko Conquering Wattpad” offers a fresh perspective on the narrative, delving deeper into the emotions, struggles, and triumphs of the characters. With the addition of music, sound effects, and captivating performances, the screen adaptation adds layers of sensory experience that further intensify the romance and drama, leaving audiences craving for more. It takes the already captivating story and elevates it to new heights, enveloping viewers in a whirlwind of emotions they won’t soon forget.
2. Unveiling the Magic: How “Dakaretai Otoko Conquering Wattpad” Took Romance Readers by Storm
In the vast world of romantic literature, there are few stories that possess the power to truly conquer the hearts of readers. However, “Dakaretai Otoko Conquering Wattpad” has done just that, taking the romance community by storm and leaving a lasting impact that continues to resonate.
– Irresistible characters: One of the main ingredients in the success of “Dakaretai Otoko Conquering Wattpad” is its unforgettable cast of characters. From the brooding, charismatic hero to the fiery, independent heroine, each character is meticulously crafted with a complexity that allows readers to form deep emotional connections. Their flaws, vulnerabilities, and growth throughout the story make them relatable and endearing, leaving readers eagerly turning the pages to discover their fates.
– Insatiable storyline: At the heart of “Dakaretai Otoko Conquering Wattpad” lies a captivating and unpredictable storyline. Filled with twists and turns, heart-wrenching moments, and satisfying resolutions, the narrative keeps readers at the edge of their seats, craving for more with every new chapter. The masterful balance of tension, passion, and tender moments creates an addicting combination that hooks even the most discerning romance readers.
Whether on the screen or between the pages, “Dakaretai Otoko Conquering Wattpad” continues to enchant and captivate romance fans worldwide, forever etching its mark as a true literary phenomenon.
Q: What is “” all about?
A: “” is an article that explores the immense popularity and success of the romantic novel series “Dakaretai Otoko” on the storytelling platform, Wattpad.
Q: Why is this love tale considered so dazzling?
A: The love tale of “Dakaretai Otoko” is considered dazzling due to its gripping storyline, compelling characters, and heartwarming portrayal of love and relationships. It has managed to captivate a large audience of readers worldwide.
Q: What makes Wattpad the perfect platform for this series’ success?
A: Wattpad offers a unique and interactive reading experience, allowing readers to engage with the story and the author in real-time. This level of interaction and feedback has undoubtedly contributed to the series’ success and its ability to gain a devoted fanbase.
Q: Can you tell us more about the characters in “Dakaretai Otoko”?
A: “Dakaretai Otoko” features a diverse range of characters, each with their own unique personalities and backgrounds. The protagonist, Hiroto, is a charming but guarded individual, while his love interest, Daichi, is a kind-hearted and persistent soul. The chemistry between the characters is what truly sets this story apart.
Q: How has the story resonated with readers on Wattpad?
A: The story’s universal themes of love, self-discovery, and overcoming obstacles have struck a chord with readers on Wattpad. Many readers have expressed how they relate to the characters’ experiences, making the story more impactful and emotionally resonant.
Q: What sets this series apart from other romantic novels on Wattpad?
A: “Dakaretai Otoko” stands out from other romantic novels on Wattpad due to its exceptional storytelling, well-developed characters, and its ability to address complex themes such as personal growth and societal expectations. It goes beyond typical clichés, providing a refreshing and emotionally satisfying reading experience.
Q: How has Wattpad helped authors like the one behind “Dakaretai Otoko” gain recognition?
A: Wattpad has revolutionized the way authors gain recognition. It offers a platform for writers to showcase their work directly to readers, helping them build a dedicated fanbase. Through Wattpad’s vast community, authors have the opportunity to engage with readers, receive feedback, and cultivate their writing skills.
Q: What can readers expect from “”?
A: “” takes readers on a journey behind the scenes of this remarkable Wattpad success story. It delves into the impact the series has had on its readers, the author’s inspiration, and the role of Wattpad in enabling such triumphs. Prepare to be dazzled by both the story and the platform that made it possible.
As we come to the end of our journey through the dazzling love tales of “Dakaretai Otoko Conquering Wattpad,” we can’t help but bask in the enchanting world that Wattpad has created. The power of this globally connected platform has brought together hearts from all corners of the world, showcasing the universal language of love.
From its humble beginnings as a virtual sanctuary for writers and readers, Wattpad has birthed a phenomenon that has captured the hearts and minds of millions. “Dakaretai Otoko Conquering Wattpad” stands tall as a shining example of the incredible bond between storytellers and their devoted fans, transcending cultural and linguistic barriers.
Within this realm of words and emotions, Wattpad has become a fertile ground for aspiring writers to sharpen their talents and for ardent readers to escape into uncharted territories of love. The stories we have explored have transported us into dreamlike worlds where characters dance with destiny, hearts collide in passionate embrace, and impossible romances find a way to bloom.
But beyond the captivating narratives and moments of sheer tenderness, there is another enchanting aspect of this community – the readers. With each word consumed, these avid readers have become more than just passive spectators. They are the lifeblood of Wattpad, the heartbeat that resonates throughout every tale written, encouraging authors and igniting discussions that span oceans.
As we bid farewell to “Dakaretai Otoko Conquering Wattpad,” we cannot help but acknowledge the power of love and connection that flourishes within this virtual realm. It is a reminder that, in the vast expanse of the digital universe, stories still hold the power to touch our souls, bridge divides, and leave an indelible mark on our hearts.
So let us celebrate the dazzling love tales that have graced our screens, the extraordinary minds that breathe life into the characters we adore, and the boundless love that unites us all. Allow the magic of Wattpad to continue weaving its spell, drawing us closer together, one breathtaking love story at a time.


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Mo-Sys Academy Students Set for Promising Careers
Mo-Sys Academy students set for promising careers as short film wins multiple awards
Three talented Mo-Sys Academy students look set for promising careers as their short film, Balance wins multiple awards at the University of Greenwich’ BAFTA styled film and television GRAFTAs.
Mo-Sys Academy invited students from universities to attend the Virtual Production Practical Summer School 2021, an intensive six-week course designed to introduce students to virtual production through hands-on practical learning with the latest technology.
Set on the Mars Desert Research Station in Utah, Balance follows the journey of trainee astronaut, Ben who is working to complete training and follow in his father’s footsteps. The production used a mix of traditional and virtual production with the team utilising Mo-Sys Academy studios to film the virtual scenes in just two days.
Mo-Sys Academy students set for promising careers as Balance wins multiple GRAFTA Awards from the University of Greenwich
I massively enjoyed working on Balance since I was able to explore the process of virtual production in detail with a crew I trusted. As a cinematographer there are a lot of new things you may need to know, to prepare yourself for the shoot. Virtual production allows you to set up a scene in the virtual environment even before getting to the studio. All that’s left during the production process is trying to imitate that light in front of the green screen. The experience I gained during the Mo-Sys Academy training was crucial when working on Balance. When making the shot list I already knew what things would look like and what scenes would be more complicated to film than the others in that way saving time on the set.Director of Photography, Emils Lisovskis
Led by Juliette Thymi, a senior VP Technician and experienced Virtual Production Producer who has worked on projects for Netflix, ITV and BBC. Mo-Sys’ Academy aims to build students confidence and provide valuable experience, priding itself on a friendly, collaborative learning environment for all skill levels.
During their time with Mo-Sys Academy the team worked through a practical exercise set on a desert alien planet and this would become the forerunner to ‘Balance’. Judged by a panel of recognised industry professionals, Balance picked up nominations for all categories, winning four of them; Best Director, Best Producer, Best Production Design and Best Sound Design.
We are incredibly proud to see three former Academy students following a path of Virtual Production and winning awards so quickly. I am confident the team have fantastic careers ahead of them.Juliette Thymi, Mo-Sys Academy
Since attending the Academy, the team have stayed in touch, not just for ‘Balance’ but bringing more ideas and collaborating with Mo-Sys on projects like the TEDx University of Greenwich VP event.
When I got accepted at Mo-Sys Academy 2021, I knew there and then that I would use Virtual Production to create my film. In the 2 weeks course I learned all I could so that I would be able to tell a story that could take place in an exotic environment, furthermore, the short film we've done at the end of the Academy served as a great proof of concept to how Balance could turn out.
We had little experience in VP apart from the Mo-Sys Academy, however when I created the story I had I mind the fact that I would like to mix traditional filmmaking with virtual production, so I could benefit from the best of both worlds. I planned on using VP to recreate the desert, for the interiors I planned on using real locations. This created the basis and offered us familiar territory to play with considering that in the Academy exercise our story took place on a desert alien planet, basically using the exercise and what we learned in our favour so that this time we could make bigger and better.
It was an overwhelming feeling finding out that our film was nominated for all categories at the GRAFTA awards. I have to give credit where credit is due, I wouldn’t have been able to achieve the film Balance or produce the TEDx University of Greenwich VP event without the help and knowledge of my crew members Emils Lisovskis and Eduard Fadgyas. Also, none of these projects would have been possible without the teachings from the Mo-Sys Academy, led by Juliette Thymi and Dom Smith. Thanks guys!Director/VP Supervisor & Producer, Jean Ciuntu
Mo-Sys Academy has announced new course dates in the UK and Los Angeles. Spaces are limited and demand is expected to be high. Visit Mo-Sys Academy for more information and to book your place.

domain: artistic


What is knock point?
What is knock point?
The nocking point marks where you clip your arrow to the bowstring, and keeps it there as you draw and shoot. Every bowstring needs at least one nocking point. If you go with that lone nocking point, your arrow nock sits snugly beneath it.
What is the Nocking point on an arrow?
The nock of an arrow is made of plastic and serves as the attachment point to place an arrow on a bowstring. Snap-on nocks lightly snap onto or grasp the bowstring to prevent unintentional separation of the arrow from the bowstring.
How do you find the nock point?
We find that most traditional bows like to have the nocking point approximately 1/2 inch above the shelf. Start by attaching your nocking point 1/2 inch high. This means that the bottom of the brass nock is 1/2 inch above the arrow shelf. Your T-Square makes this measurement easy.
What can I use for Nocking point?
- Run the thread you’ll use for the nocking point through the stick of hot-melt glue.
- Clip your bracing height gauge, also known as a T-square, onto your string, resting it gently on your arrow rest.
- Choose a mark above the bottom line of the gauge for the top nocking point.
Are Nocking points necessary?
No, they are not needed and you will have just as good of results down range. The only reason I install them is the convenience owhen it comes to changing D loops for my customers if they need to change their d loop down the road. The nock point is already set by the tied in soft nocks.
What is the knock on a compound bow?
Correct Way to Nock an Arrow On a Recurve and Compound Bow, with a whisker biscuit, and a Drop Away Rest. Nocking the arrow is the process of loading the arrow onto the bowstring. Once nocked, the nock should snap securely into place without getting lose from the string.
Does the arrow go above or below the nock point?
Therefore, the arrow nock at your corner of mouth anchor, the arrow nock is ABOVE the deepest part of the curve on the GRIP, when the arrow is DEAD LEVEL. So, to prevent the arrow nock from SLIDING UP the bowstring, you put the arrow nock BELOW the nock point.
What does Nock high mean?
Post count: 2375. #62972. As Troy says, it usually means the nock set is too high on the string. But it can also mean it is too low. If it is too low, the arrow will bounce off the shelf and give you a nock high flight.
Where does the Nocking point go on a compound bow?
The nocking point and the horizontal position of the arrow rest are at the heart of a well tuned bow. By centering the initial nocking point between the bows axles and adjusting the arrow rest accordingly with the string splitting the arrow when viewed from the string side it puts you in the ball park.
Is a bow square necessary?
When setting up a new bow for the first time, one of the most important things you should do is set up your nocking point. This indicator helps you to know precisely where to nock your arrow onto your bowstring each time for the most consistent shots. For this, you’ll need to use a tool called a bow square.


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The Ho Chi Minh City Tourism Department and Suoi Tien Cultural Tourism Company co- organized an opening ceremony of the 12th Southern fruits festival in 2016 at Suoi Tien Cultural & Tourism Park in district 9, HCMC on June 1. Southern fruits festival take place at Suoi Tien Cultural Park in HCMC on June 1- 9. (Photo:SGGP)
The 12th Southern fruits festival is scheduled to take place on June 1- 9, including attractive activities such as market traders in boats selling fruits with 50 fruits pavilions, rare and giant fruits collection, fruit sculpture, kite and art performance and beverage preparation and others.
This year fruits festival will showcase unique, giant and safe fruits from 1, 000 orchurds across 21 provinces and cities in the southern and neighboring regions.
Southern fruits festival take place at Suoi Tien Cultural Park in HCMC on June 1- 9. (Photo:SGGP)

domain: travel


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Former Sheriff's Deputy Sentenced for Killing 'Extramarital' Girlfriend Who Insulted 'Size of His Manhood': DA
Jason “Moose” Cunningham, 48, was involved in an extramarital affair with his victim, 37-year-old Nicole Harrington, according to the Augusta District Attorney's Office.
A former Georgia sheriff’s deputy will spend the rest of his life in prison for murdering his “extramarital” girlfriend after he said she insulted “the size of his manhood,” authorities said.
Jason “Moose” Cunningham, 48, pled guilty and was sentenced to life for malice murder, Augusta District Attorney Jared Williams confirmed in a statement to Inside Edition Digital. He was additionally sentenced to five years in prison for possession of a firearm during commission of a crime, according to the district attorney.
His victim, 37-year-old mother-of-three Nicole Harrington, had been seeing both Cunningham and another man, according to Law and Crime.
On the evening of June 17, 2020, Harrington allegedly told Cunningham the other man she was seeing had a large penis, which sent Cunningham into a fit of rage, the outlet reported.
“He shot her in the back of the head, leaving her for dead in a parking garage elevator,” Williams said. Authorities didn’t find her body until the following morning, WRDW reported.
Cunningham was also married to another woman at the time of Harrington’s murder, and asked to speak with his wife during a standoff with police ahead of his arrest, WRDW reported.
“This was an extramarital affair in which the defendant was living a double life,” Williams said.
Harrington, a daughter of a retired sheriff’s deputy, apparently did not know Cunningham was married, Law and Crime reported.
Cunningham was previously a 14-year veteran deputy with the Richmond County Sheriff’s Office and resigned in 2018, according to the Augusta Chronicle.
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domain: law


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Penn Medicine partnered with us to celebrate donors, and motivate fundraising, to their Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine department. Our uniquely dimensional & artistic wall design is installed in the newly-built Radnor Campus, known for its outstanding open design and accessibility.
It was important that our design was eye-catching, while also flowing with the light and airy feel of this new campus. Additionally, our design mirrors the integrated care model at Radnor, with its integrated multidimensional hexagon shapes, in different shades of blue that represent a level of giving. ¼” custom-painted plates are magnetically inlaid into each pocketed hexagon for easy updating.
The 31” x 61” wall is a truly remarkable feature, with the dimensional layers drawing in the viewer’s attention, creating an impactful presentation, and an effective fund-raising tool.
Experience a Virtual Tour of the Penn Medicine Radnor Campus
Dedicated to the health of Penn Med’s patients, the Radnor campus was intentionally designed for ease of access, a warm environment, and the patient’s emotional wellbeing and physical comfort. In this video you will see the comfortable waiting areas, and large windows overlooking a natural garden.
Interested in a Donor Wall for your organization?
We partner with non-profit organizations like yours, to create displays that honor volunteers. We excel at creating custom donor walls that merge your mission with your aesthetics.


This is a blank MiFare Classic 1K sticker - often used for laundry or identification but also found in other systems where a small proximity card is desired. This one is clear! The tag contains a NXP S50 chip and an antenna, and is passively powered by the reader/writer when placed a couple inches away.
These can be read by almost any 13.56MHz RFID/NFC reader but make sure it can handle MiFare cards as there are a few other encoding standards (like FeLica) They are tested and work great with both our PN522 NFC/RFID breakout board and NFC/RFID Shield for Raspberry Pi!
These chips can be written to amp; store up to 1 KB of data in writable EEPROM divided into banks, and can handle over 100,000 re-writ's. You can use our PN532 NFC/RFID breakout board or NFC/RFID Shield for Raspberry Pithe ID number cannot be changed.
These use the S50 chipset, which used to be the 'classic' NFC chipset. In ~2014, the NFC forum decided not to support this chipset anymore, so newer phones do not support the MiFare classic. This only matters if you're trying to use this tag with a phone/tablet.
S50 Chip Specification:
- 1 KiloByte (8 KiloBit) non-volatile EEPROM storage
- Built in encryption engine with 48-bit key
- 4 Byte unique identifier burned into the chip
- 13.56 MHz frequency
- 25.4mm diameter x 1mm / 1" diameter x 0.03"
- 0.9 grams / 0.03 oz
- Works about 2" away from reader
Downloads: NXP S50 datasheet


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The stealth release of Halo Infinites free-to-play multiplayer was a very welcome surprise, given the download of the beta a huge number of times, which prevented Steams from putting on the vSphere. However, with all players getting engaged in the game, the mixed reception and the game’s facets were discussed by a lot – notably, the game’s free play pass. According to many players, The Premier season of Halo Infinite isn’t giving it the ability to make an effort on match completions, Rather it’s only through daily and weekly challenges.
- Related Readings: The Halo Infinite Multiplayer Release today; the movie Season 1 and the online video released immediately; The trailer and the information was fired out.
This aspect of Reddit broke out, where a thread of Halo Infinites, which shows a grindy nature earned many big hits:
To level up the Battle Pass is a nightmare from undefined.
Several people took the time to write up their early experiences about this game. User Randy1919 said: “Soever here is a good guy.”
And another issue is that even if you select, you only can scale up a challenge, no other way, you don’t earn any XP for matches. And challenges can be dice type specific, such as Can I say something like Capture the Flag or Conquer a point in Hardpoint, so even if you choose to just play SWAT, just make money by deciding between progress and having fun in a mode that you like to play and that shouldn’t be a thing.
User AWACS_LIQUID also compared the game to 2019’s COD Modern Warfare:
Today I spent six hours playing the halo. I like the mechanics and I like to play it a lot, but this XP system is the worst to be invented. I only just started moving into level 3 when I finally got tired.
My two games were numerous and I couldn’t even take a picture of myself. Until I got a fight. I had fun on the cloud 9. Until the match ended and I couldn’t buy the ticket, because I didn’t do any mistakes. I actually wouldn’t want to play it.
Don’t take lunch. It’s necessary that they take a lesson from MW2019. Even though I had shits stomped, I kept playing MW matches. I was still getting XP for it. I can climb up, unlock new weapon parts or pass the battle. Even if I’ve done a bad thing, I won’t get credit for it.
You can call it participation medal, but it lets me progress at least.
But not in halo infinite. You’ll only make an impromptu trip for single matches, and your team will deal with it.
It is interesting to see how 343 industries will respond to this boring aspect, so they could even address it. Players like Halo Infinite series 1 can play free, but a cloning experience of difficulty could long-terms interfere with the game.
What do you think? Do you manage to learn Halo Infinite just by doing daily and weekly challenges? Let’s know in the comments below.
Thank you, keithmadden.

domain: game


text:
New York has come to an end and I hate to say it but I was totally impressed to the max!! It had it all, here are my highlights….
- Contemporary, precisian cuts from Victoria Beckham
- Fierce Oriental inspired lux from Jason Wu
- Colour clashing at DVF
- Twisted pilgrim’s fairytale at Marc Jacobs
- Geometric armour at Vera Wang
- Intrecate bridal essex esk glamour at Marchesa
- Oriental cool from Prenza Proenza Schouler
There are far too many to mention as New York was also packed with the likes fo The Row, Thakoon, Phillip Lim and many many more! I’m still convinsed London is gonna’ blow everyone out of the water but here are some NY treats to brighten everyones day and set us up for the contemporary, oriental, colour clashing Pilgrim apparel for next season….
I love the autumanl colours mized with a mash up of styles and print!! It may be revered for the classices but daring, interesting and wearable seem to be the main messages coming from New York this year!


text:
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text:
Israeli prime minister Benjamin Netanyahu on Tuesday described the Taj Mahal as an “unforgettable monument of love” as he spent over an hour at the 17th-century Mughal mausoleum in Uttar Pradesh’s Agra with his wife Sara.
“Deeply appreciate the magnificence and the beauty of this unforgettable monument of love,” Netanyahu wrote in the visitors’ book.
Netanyahu walked hand in hand with his wife Sara and was all smiles as they sat on the famous Diana seat to get their photographs clicked.
The Israeli prime minister walked up the stairs to reach the ivory-white marble mausoleum and entered the main dome to view the graves of Mughal emperor Shah Jahan and his wife Mumtaz Mahal. Netanyahu was dressed in blue suit and red tie and his wife wore a knee-length red collared dress.
Tight security arrangements were made at the Unesco World Heritage Site and it was closed to the public during Netanyahu’s visit. An additional police force was summoned from nearby districts.
Netanyahu and his wife were earlier received by Uttar Pradesh chief minister Yogi Adityanath at the Kheria airport. Adityanath reached Agra on Monday and stayed at the circuit house.
They were accorded a traditional welcome by the folk artists of Braj during a show organised by the state tourism department. The Israeli PM and his wife obliged the artists and got photographs clicked with them.
All the shops from the Kheria airport to Amar Vilas were closed and traffic movement remained restricted on the roads leading to the hotel – located 250 metres east of the Taj Mahal’s eastern gate. The southern and western gates of the monument were closed.
The chief minister reached Amar Vilas ahead of Netanyahu from the airport and welcomed him again at the hotel. The couple then left for the Taj at 1pm and entered the monument through the eastern gate.
Netanyahu left the Taj at 2.15pm and returned to Amar Vilas in a battery-operated golf cart as no petrol or diesel vehicles are allowed near the monument.
Tourists, including foreigners, were seen waiting outside the monument for the visit to get over.
Adityanath hosted a lunch for the Israeli guests, who then flew back to Delhi.

domain: history


The House on Wednesday easily passed the compromise defense policy bill that would grant federal workers 12 weeks of paid parental leave and create a new branch of the military dedicated to space.
The National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) passed in a 377-48 vote, with many “no” votes coming from progressive Democrats upset after several of their priorities were removed from the legislation. In all, 41 Democrats and 6 Republicans voted “no.”
The compromise bill picked up Republican support that was absent when the House passed its original version of the defense legislation in July, allowing the chamber to send the $738 billion bill to the Senate.
“This was not an easy process,” House Armed Services Committee Chairman Adam SmithDavid (Adam) Adam SmithOvernight Defense: House passes compromise defense bill | Turkey sanctions advance in Senate over Trump objections | Top general says military won’t be ‘raping, burning and pillaging’ after Trump pardons House passes defense bill to establish Space Force, paid family leave for federal workers Pentagon leaders: Trump clemencies won’t affect military order and discipline MORE (D-Wash.) said ahead of the vote. “We have a divided government. We have a Republican president, a Republican Senate and Democratic House who do not agree on a lot of issues, and those are the issues that tend to get focused on. But what this conference report reflects for the most part is that we do agree on a lot.”
Rep. Mac ThornberryWilliam (Mac) McClellan ThornberryHouse passes defense bill to establish Space Force, paid family leave for federal workers The Hill’s Morning Report – Sponsored by AdvaMed – Democrats to release articles of impeachment today Former White House physician Ronny Jackson to run for Congress MORE (Texas), the top Republican on the committee who voted against the House version in July, added that the final bill is “good for the troops, and it is good for national security, and when it comes to a defense authorization bill, that’s all that really matters.”
House passage of the NDAA comes two days after the compromise bill was unveiled following months of negotiations between the Democratic-led House, GOP-led Senate and the White House.
President TrumpDonald John TrumpThe Hill’s Morning Report – Sponsored by AdvaMed – House panel expected to approve impeachment articles Thursday Democrats worried by Jeremy Corbyn’s UK rise amid anti-Semitism Warren, Buttigieg duke it out in sprint to 2020 MORE has said he will sign the compromise bill.
“Wow! All of our priorities have made it into the final NDAA: Pay Raise for our Troops, Rebuilding our Military, Paid Parental Leave, Border Security, and Space Force! Congress – don’t delay this anymore! I will sign this historic defense legislation immediately!” Trump tweeted Wednesday morning.
Negotiators said throughout the months-long talks that the main stumbling blocks were provisions related to Trump’s border wall.
The original House bill would have blocked Trump from dipping into Pentagon funds for the wall after he tapped $6.1 billion from the department for his signature project.
Ultimately, negotiators decided to leave out wall-related provisions, kicking the issue to the ongoing appropriations process.
The final bill also dropped a slew of other Democratic priorities that were in the House bill, including language to reverse Trump’s transgender military ban, block Trump from taking military action against Iran, end all U.S. support for the Saudi-led war in Yemen, force the cleanup of cancer-linked “forever chemicals” called PFAS, block the deployment of the low-yield nuclear warhead and ban new transfers to the Guantánamo Bay detention center.
Democrats did secure a major win in the bill with the inclusion of a policy that would grant all federal workers 12 weeks of paid parental leave in what’s being touted as a historic deal to give the benefit to more than 2 million Americans for the first time ever.
Progressives, though, balked over the proposals excluded from the final bill.
“There are many things you can call the bill, but it’s Orwellian to call it progressive,” Rep. Ro KhannaRohit (Ro) KhannaOvernight Defense: House passes compromise defense bill | Turkey sanctions advance in Senate over Trump objections | Top general says military won’t be ‘raping, burning and pillaging’ after Trump pardons House passes defense bill to establish Space Force, paid family leave for federal workers Bombshell Afghanistan report bolsters calls for end to ‘forever wars’ MORE (D-Calif.) said Wednesday.
Still, Smith has defended the bill as “the most progressive defense bill in the history of the country, with Donald Trump as president and Jim InhofeJames (Jim) Mountain InhofeLankford to be named next Senate Ethics chairman Bombshell Afghanistan report bolsters calls for end to ‘forever wars’ Gabbard calls for congressional inquiry over Afghanistan war report MORE as chairman of the Senate Armed Services Committee.”
“Throughout the negotiations I failed in one way: I was unable to turn President Trump, [Senate Majority] Leader [Mitch] McConnell [R-Ky.] and Chairman [James] Inhofe [R-Okla.] into Democrats and convince them to suddenly accept all of the provisions they despise,” Smith added in a lengthy statement ahead of Wednesday’s vote.
“Nonetheless, we have accomplished more with this bill than anyone ever thought possible given the realities of a Trump White House and a Republican-controlled Senate, and we should be proud of that.”
The Democratic chairman said that Trump and GOP leaders “would have killed the bill over these provisions” and without the bill “we would have gotten nothing.”
In a win for Trump and Republicans, the bill would also create Space Force — a new branch of the military aimed at protecting U.S. space assets from threats from Russia and China.
The service — which was first proposed by the House in 2017 as Space Corps — has become a top priority for Trump as it elicits huge applause at his rallies.
Space Force would be housed in the Department of the Air Force in a structure similar to the Marine Corps’s relationship to the Department of the Navy. The service would be led by the chief of space operations, who would report directly to the secretary of the Air Force and become a member of the Joint Chiefs of Staff.
“People have been trying to kill this baby in the womb for the last three years, and I believe there is going to be some people who want to see it die in the crib,” Rep. Mike RogersMichael (Mike) Dennis RogersHouse passes defense bill to establish Space Force, paid family leave for federal workers Hillicon Valley: FCC moves against Huawei, ZTE | Dem groups ask Google to reconsider ads policy | Bill introduced to increase data access during probes House GOP criticizes impeachment drive as distracting from national security issues MORE (R-Ala.), one of the chief proponents of Space Force, told reporters about opposition to the service. “We’re not going to let that happen.”


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domain: economics


text:
A Spring in Your Kick-Turn
Where do you want to go? Whether you're planning a weekend getaway or a full-blown vacation, Outside Online's Adventure Advisor is here to show you the way.
Heading out the door? Read this article on the new Outside+ app available now on iOS devices for members! Download the app.
Q: I’m hoping to go skiing this April. I’d like to go somewhere that has access to additional activities like cross-country skiing and snowshoeing. Where might I find this and good late snow? Thanks!
-Wade Blattner, San Francisco, California
A: April snow below the Canadian border is always a bit iffy. For this reason, most major resorts would rather close up early than risk watching their dollars melt away with the slush. Fortunately, for you the most dependable exception could be the one closest to homeÂ—in Tahoe, last year’s ski season stretched into June.
On the north side of the lake, super-resort Squaw Valley offers legendary downhill while the ungroomed backcountry paths between Incline Village and Mount Rose offer unbeatable lake views, perfect for snowshoeing or skinny skiing. Nearby Royal Gorge boasts over 200 miles of groomed cross-country trails. On the south side, you can get your downhill fix at Heavenly, your cross-country kicks at Kirkwood , and your evening gambling on the Nevada side of the border.
If you can squeeze your trip into the first week of April, your options open up. I can think of no cooler combo than a day of downhill at Jackson Hole, Wyoming, (www.jacksonhole.com) followed by a backcountry adventure amid the steam spouts of Yellowstone. Top nod goes to the park’s nine-mile Lone Star Geyser Trail, which takes you from the Old Faithful Snow Lodge to a geyser that erupts every few hours or so. The ski season officially ends April 8, but there should still be plenty of ground cover left for snowshoeing. If all else fails, Jackson has more than a handful of taverns where you can drown your sorrows in good companyÂ—my favorite is the Cowboy Bar on Cache.

domain: geography


text:
Nike shoes Tiempo Legend 8 Club FG / MG Nike shoes Tiempo Legend 8 Club FG / MG AT6107-004 Line: Tiempo Collection: Under Radar Pack Face of Lines: Virgil Van Dijk Purpose: Natural grass, Artificial grass / Orlik Advanced: For amateurs Upper: Synthetic Size: 44 Length of the insert: 28 cm Nike Tiempo Legend VIII is an excellent proposition for those who, apart from convenience, value a unique chic and class. The new synthetic material has been enriched with a pressing that its appearance resembles a diamond, to symbolize the durability and exceptional reliability of the Tiempo Legend VIII model. What's more, the pressing allows you to better control the ball in all conditions. The latest model from Nike is therefore delighted not only by technological novelties, but also visual elements whose symbolism perfectly fits into the current story of Tiempo line. The sole was designed in a suitable way to ensure the best acceleration and adhesion during phrase. Nike Legend 8 Club FG / Mg is amateur shoes designed for natural and artificial grass.
B.LEGEND CLUB FG/MG AT6107-004

domain: design


text:
Originally Posted by Ken Ross
Thanks rdclark. What I found VERY misleading on the Sony website is the fact that it says the 80gig PS3 still has 4 USB ports and a card reader. I just got home with the 80gig unit and it has only 2 USB ports and no memory card reader. You'd think they'd update that site!
Where did you find the outdated information? I just went to the Sony Style site and they only have information on the new 80GB unit that only has the 2 USB ports, no card reader, no SACD playback, and no PS2 game compatibility:http://www.sonystyle.com/webapp/wcs/...52921665513567
This is the model that just replaced the similarly configured 40GB unit. It is also the coolest running of any PS3 to date.
There was an older 80GB unit shipping in July bundled with the Metal Gear Solid 4 game. It used the older, hotter-running electronics, had 4 USB ports, could play SACD discs, and included PS2 game backwards compatibility. I steer people away from that unit because it runs hot enough that the fan might have to kick in when playing Blu-Ray discs.
I believe the older 80GB MGS4 bundle is still being sold in some outlets.
[There was an even OLDER 80GB model that was discontinued back in January of this year. And there will likely be additional model configurations between now and Christmas. Keeping track of these models is a problem.]
ETA: OK I think I see what you found:http://www.us.playstation.com/ps3/about/specs
And yup, they haven't distinguished between the two models of 80GB PS3. The main page for the current, $399 80GB PS3 model does say it only has two USB ports, but the specs page gives conflicting information. Silly Sony!
ETA 2: Sheesh! The TOP TWO Frequently Asked Questions in Sony's PS3 FAQ section have to do with this confusion!http://www.us.playstation.com/ps3/about/faq
And with all that they STILL haven't clarified that SACD playback only exists in the older 80GB model!

domain: entertainment


Memorial Day weekend in the Twin Cities brings independent hip hop label Rhymesayers Entertainment’s Soundset festival to Canterbury Park in Shakopee. This year’s festival promised to be the largest yet with headlining act Snoop Dogg supported by Rhymesayers’ artists Atmosphere, Brother Ali, Aesop Rock, and P.O.S, plus national acts Mac Miller, Tech N9ne, Juicy J, and Schoolboy Q among others. Also on the bill was the great Busta Rhymes, but for reasons as yet unexplained, Busta did not show for the festival. Neither that disappointment nor the unseasonably cool weather and strong winds, though, failed to dampen the spirits of the 28,000+ hip hop fans who turned out for the show.
Read more »
It’s the time of year when folks post their “Best of” lists, and MiG is no exception. So without further ado, here are the Top 20 albums (and some others that deserve recognition) according to Craig McManus:
1. Purity Ring – Shrines: 2011 introduced us to Purity Ring through the singles “Ungirthed”, “Lofticries”, and “Belispeak”, and each of these songs could have made my best of list. Accordingly, I was highly anticipating the release of the band’s debut full length. When news broke that each of these songs would be included on Shrines, however, I grew concerned that Purity Ring didn’t have the depth of quality for a full LP. Obviously, Shrines’ placement on this list demonstrates that my concern was unfounded. With tracks like “Obedear”, “Fineshrine”, and “Crawlersout” added to the early singles, Purity Ring created a dark synth pop gem. The only real negative to the album is the inclusion of the frankly dreadful, “Grandloves”.
Read more »


text:
George Walford: Graduated
GRADUATED income tax, and effectively unlimited picketing rights for trade unions, were introduced in the 1870s by Disraeli, Conservative Prime Minister. (Roy Jenkins in the Sunday Times, 13 May).
from Ideological Commentary 46, July 1990.
- PSI Circular Number Two (February 1979)
- PSI Circular Number One (January 1979)
- Joshua Feldman: Reconceptualising (systematic) Ideology in the Wake of Political Psychology
- George Walford and Ike Benjamin: The Sad Case of the SPGB
- Linda Sloane: Systematic Ideology and Identity / The Triangle of Society, Ideology and the Individual
- Their “Operation Utopia”
- George Orwell Letters to George Walford
- George Walford: The New Magic
- George Walford: Exploring Ideology
- George Walford: Sciences

domain: library


- Karine Polwart
- Acoustic/ Folk
Scottish multi award-winning folk singer, songwriter and guitarist whose music often deals with challenging themes, from alcoholism to genocide.
In 2005, Polwart won three BBC Radio Folk Awards for the album "Faultlines" and another for the song "Daisy" in 2007. Other releases include the albums: "Scribbled in Chalk" (2006), "Fairest Floo'er" (2007), "This Earthly Spell" (2008), "Traces" (2012) and 2017's: "A Pocket Of Wind Resistance".
Karine tours most often as a trio with her brother Steven Polwart (acoustic and electric guitars, ukulele & vocals) and singer, songwriter and multi-instrumentalist Inge Thomson (accordion, percussion, loops & vocals)
Events for Karine Polwart
- Thu 14th Nov 2019 Karine PolwartMusic Hall (Aberdeen)Buy Tickets
- Fri 15th Nov 2019 Karine PolwartPerth Concert Hall (Perth)Buy Tickets
- Sat 16th Nov 2019 Karine PolwartUsher Hall (Edinburgh)Buy Tickets
- Wed 27th Nov 2019 Karine PolwartBarbican (City of London)Buy Tickets
- Sat 18th Apr 2020 The Lost Words: Spell Songs, Karine Polwart, Julie Fowlis, S...Barbican (City of London)Buy Tickets


text:
An Alberta driver is in hot water after colliding with an OPP cruiser in Kenora.
Provincial Police were conducting traffic enforcement on Lakeview Drive, when their vehicle was side-swiped.
The driver of the vehicle had fallen asleep at the wheel.
Fortunately no-one was injured.
The motorist has been charged with careless driving.
(Photo from Northwest Region OPP)


text:
by Matt Elliott
I released a report called “Too Much Pollution” this week, a new analysis of government data on global warming pollution trends in New Jersey and nationally.
The report finds that New Jersey’s pollution increased by 16 percent from 1990 to 2007, and that the Garden State ranks 16th nationwide for the highest levels of pollution.
More pollution than ever isn’t a record we want to set. It’s time to take back control of our energy future. By harnessing the power of the wind and sun, we can cut pollution and transition to clean energy sources that don’t harm the environment, never run out, and create new, local jobs.
Let me provide a little context for this report. Then I’ll get into the details of our analysis, and what our findings mean for policymakers.
For decades, America’s use of fossil fuels — and the global warming pollution that results — have been on the rise nationally and within states. For New Jersey, global warming means a lot of things, but the impact that is perhaps most worrisome is sea level rise. If we do nothing to solve global warming, we will lose most of our treasured beaches by the end of the century. This would jeopardize our $30 billion tourism economy, much of which is shore-based. And it would eliminate critical habitats for a large number of species.
The science is clear: The U.S. must reduce pollution 35 percent by 2020 to be able to stop the worst effects of global warming. And New Jersey has a large role to play.
Our report investigates how the states are doing at cutting global warming pollution and moving to clean energy. We used the most recent data from the U.S. Department of Energy on fossil fuel consumption by state to look at trends in carbon dioxide emissions. We look at the trends by state and nationally, as well as by economic sector and fuel source. This is the first time the state-by-state emissions data have been released for 2006 and 2007.
Here are a couple of our major findings:
– Transportation was far and away the largest source of carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuel consumption, responsible for more than 53 percent of the state’s emissions in 2007. Unfortunately, we remain married to automobiles for our transportation needs. In fact, CO2 emissions from burning oil jumped by 6.7 percent from 1990 to 2007, as demand for travel — thus, driving — increased. Until New Jersey invests in public transit and other transportation alternatives, and also land use policies that encourage more compact development patterns that reduce the need for driving in the first place, emissions from transportation will continue to increase.
– Nationally, emissions of CO2 from fossil fuel consumption increased by 19 percent between 1990 and 2007. Power plants and vehicles, the largest sources of CO2 emissions in the United States, were responsible for the lion’s share of the increase.
– In contrast to the trend in New Jersey, more than one-third of states succeeded in cutting pollution from 2004 to 2007 — before the onset of the recession. The initial success of these states shows that moving to clean energy can have a significant and immediate impact on overall emissions — and that emissions reductions and robust economic growth can occur side by side. For instance, four Northeast states — Connecticut, Delaware, Massachusetts and New York — cut their pollution levels by 5 percent since 1997, while increasing their gross state product by 65 percent.
We can drive the economy without driving up pollution. And moving to clean energy can help boost the economy and create millions of new clean energy jobs around the country.
Moving forward, it’s clear we have to move quickly to enact some key policy standards.
First, the federal government must pass strong clean energy legislation and adopt common-sense EPA rules to cut pollution from aging coal plants and big smokestack industries. Specifically, the Senate must pass the Clean Energy Jobs and American Power Act (S. 1733), sponsored by Sens. John Kerry and Barbara Boxer. In addition, EPA has proposed a rule to require coal plants and other large smokestack industries to use available technology to cut their global warming pollution when new facilities are constructed or existing facilities are significantly modified.
As for New Jersey, this problem now sits in Governor-elect Christie’s lap. Christie has no choice but address this pressing issue, as the policy decisions he makes over the next four years will determine whether we cut emissions and move toward a clean energy future, or continue the trend toward more pollution.
Specifically, Christie must:
– Oppose new mega power lines from coal country in Pennsylvania and West Virginia. PSE&G is lobbying to build a dirty coal power line from plants in Pennsylvania. Given that New Jersey is downwind, we’ll see our pollution rise even more dramatically.
– Oppose any new coal plants in New Jersey. A Massachusetts-based company is fighting to build a new coal-fired power plant in Linden. From here on out, new coal plants must be off the table — no exceptions. We have better solutions.
– Move toward more clean, renewable energy sources such as wind and solar. With strong policies, we could triple the amount of solar in the state over the next two years. And we could power over 1.1 million homes with offshore wind energy — but only if the new governor moves quickly and decisively.
– Immediately finalize a long-term plan to cut global warming pollution 80 percent by 2050. The 2007 Global Warming Response Act requires the state to produce such a plan, yet the Corzine administration has so far failed to do so. As our report indicates, most of the cuts must come from the transportation sector, and this plan should detail specific policies that will guide policymakers in slashing pollution from transportation and all sectors of the economy.
It’s a heavy lift for sure, but we can’t wait another day. And we can no longer afford to watch our pollution rise in New Jersey. It’s time that we lead America toward a clean, renewable energy future — before it’s too late.
Green Jersey Contributor Matt Elliott is Global Warming and Clean Energy Advocate for Environment New Jersey.

domain: news


text:
The largest security company in the world, providing a contract to their biggest UK client, turned years of carefully-laid preparations into an 11th-hour fiasco
MPs accuse him of giving ministers “downright misleading” information to hide the scale of his incompetence.
Their hard-hitting report, published today, blamed his “false assurances” for leaving the Government with no option but to call in nearly 5,000 extra troops days before the opening ceremony.
In a crushing blow to G4S, which holds contracts to watch over our courts and prisons, MPs now say the firm should be blacklisted. The applicants it trained for work but then failed to put into jobs, should be compensated.
And the Army should be properly rewarded for stepping in, including some who had their leave cancelled after returning to the UK from Afghanistan.
The Home Affairs Select Committee, which investigated G4S, said the firm should give up a £57m management fee after failing to provide the 10,000 staff it promised.
Chairman Keith Vaz said: “The largest security company in the world, providing a contract to their biggest UK client, turned years of carefully-laid preparations into an 11th-hour fiasco.”
Mr Buckles has publicly apologised and claimed the debacle has already cost the firm £50m.
But the report said: “The Government should not be in the business of rewarding failure with taxpayers’ money.”