If you have been searching for the best lenovo thinkpad t470 buy, you probably have noticed that not all models have the same specifications, some can adapt better than others to different tasks. To help you choose the product you need, we have gathered 10 of the best lenovo thinkpad t470 buy from different categories on the market. And most significant is that, in picking these items, we have thought about many components like price, quality, durability, performance, reviews, and more so you can not turn out badly with your item buy.
Best lenovo thinkpad t470 buy
- Output: 20V ~ 3.25A ~ 65W , Input: 100~240V / 50~60Hz
- Connector: Yellow square USB tip (Be Carefully!!!Check Connector Picture!Please Check!!!)
- 100% New from Manufacturer, 100% Compatibility With the OEM Laptop AC Charger/Adapter, CE/FCC/ROHS Safety Certificate.
- Package: 1x AC Power Adapter & 1x AC Power Cable 4.92 Ft & 1x User Manual
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7 used from $15.88
- Compatible PN: ADP-65FD B , ADLX65NCC3A , SA10J20098, ADLX65NLC3A
- Input: 100-240V~1.3A, 50-60Hz; Output: 20V 3.25A 65 Watts; Tip size:Yellow Rectangle USB tip(Please carefully check this parameters); Input Connector standard: 3pin
- Compatible with Lenovo Yoga, Yoga 2 Pro 11 12 13 11S 14 15 260 460 370，ThinkPad T450 T450S T470 T470S T460 T460S T540 T540p T570 T560 T431s T440 T440S, X240 X240c X250 X260 X270 X380
- Compatible with P/N: ADP-65FD B PA-1450-12 PA-1650-72 888014197 888014183 0B46994 45N0252 ADLX45NAC3A ADLX45DLC3A ADLX45NDC3A ADLX45NLC3A ADLX45NCC3A ADLX65NDC3A ADLX65NLC3A ADLX65NCC2A ADLX65NCC3A 0C19868 0A36258 0B47455 0B47481 0B47030
- Package Content: 1x Ac Power Adapter; 1x Ac Power Supply Cord/Charging Cable
- Customer Service: 30-day money-back guarantee; 12 Months warranty for quality-related issues; 7d*24h Email support
- Lenovo ThinkPad T420 Laptop PC, Intel Core I5 2520M up to 3.2GHz, 8G DDR3, 320G HDD.
- Port: Display Port, 34mm Express Card slot and SD Card reader, 1 Always-On USB 2.0 with yellow marking, 2 USB 2.0, 1 USB 2.0 Esata Combo 4 in 1 Card Reader
- Operating System: Windows 10 Pro 64 Bit-Language Supports English/Spanish/French
- Thinkpad T420
1 used from $29.99
- New Genuine Original Lenovo AC Adapter include Power Cord(3FT) with non-retail packaging
- DC Connection: 65W with USB-C(Type-C) tip
- World Wide Input Voltage 100-240V, 50-60Hz,Output Voltage: 20V~3.25A/15V~3A/9V~2A/5V~2A
- LENOVO PN:SA10M13950 FRU PN:01FR026 MODEL/MODELO:ADLX65YDC2A
- Compatible Computer Model:Thinkpad X280 X380 X390 L390 E480 E490 E580 E590 E495 R480 R590,YOGA720-13
5 used from $9.99
- Make sure this fits by entering your model number.
- Lenovo AC adapter offers Fast and efficient charging. Keep one in the office, one at home, and another in your carrying case for convenient access to power.
- Just Plug it into an available outlet to deliver AC power to the compatible Lenovo nbs listed below and to recharge the system battery.
- Lenovo AC adapters are compact, energy efficient and backed by a 1 year Warranty.
- Other Electrical Specifications- AC Input- 100-240V ~ 1.5A 50-60Hz DC Output- 20V 3.25A
- SPECIFICATION: Type: 61 01AV423 Battery (Also compatiblw with 01AV425 61+ battery and 4X50M08812 61++ battery ), Rating: 11.4V / 10.8V, Capacity: 24Wh 2100mAh (Also compatiblw with 48Wh 4400mAh and 72Wh 6272mAh battery ), Battery type: A+ 3-cell / Lithium-ion, 100% brand new. Each of our 61 battery for for Lenovo ThinkPad T470 T480 T570 T580 P51S P52S is CE-/FCC-/RoHS-Certified.
- COMPATIBLE MODELS: Replacement for Lenovo ThinkPad T470 T480 T570 T580 P51S P52S A475 A485 TP25 Series, for Lenovo ThinkPad 20JM 20JN 20JW 205L.
- COMPATIBLE PART NUMBERS: Replacement for Lenovo ThinkPad 61 battery, 01AV423 4X50M08810 01AV422 SB10K97579 SB10K97580 01AV424 SB10K97581 01AV452 SB10K97597 01AV490, Lenovo ThinkPad 61+ battery, 01AV425 4X50M0881 01AV491 SB10K97582 SB10K97583 01AV426 L18M6P71 SB10K585 SB10K97661 02DL023 TP00088A SL10P41432, Lenovo ThinkPad 61++ battery, 01AV427 4X50M08812 01AV428 SB10K97584 SB10K97585.
- SECURITY & RELIABILITY: Our 61 01AV423 batteries for Lenovo are assembled from top quality material and circuit boards to ensure fast charges and low power consumption, 100% New from Manufacturer, Overcharge and Overdischarge Circuit Protection, Over-temperature and Short-circuit Protection, up to 500 recharge cycles over the life of the battery, meet OEM standard. You can buy it with confidence and use it safely.
- WARRANTY & SUPPORT: 365 Days no-questions-asked full money back or Free Exchange Guarantee. 7×24h Online Free Technical Support, Fast shipment from Amazon warehouse. Your satisfaction is guaranteed. Click the button "ASK A QUESTION" and CONTACT US. We have warehouses in NY, making sure that you could have a high-quality after-sale service. Press [CTRL + F] to search your laptop model/part number.
- Powered by 6th Generation Intel Core i5-6300U with vPro (2.40GHz, up to 3.0GHz with Turbo Boost, 3MB Cache); ultra-low-voltage platform. Dual-core, four-way processing provides maximum high-efficiency power to go.
- 14" FHD (1920 X 1080) IPS multi-touch anti-glare Display; Integrated Intel HD Graphics 520
- 8GB DDR4 2133MHz SDRAM Memory for full-power multitasking; 256GB PCIe-NVMe SSD. Pci-e SSDs are great for major gaming applications, multiple servers, daily backups, and more.
- Intel Dual Band Wireless AC (2 x 2) 8260 and Bluetooth 4.1; 3 x USB 3.0, 1 x Thunderbolt 3 port (USB Type-C), 3.5 mm Combo Audio Jack, 1 x HDMI, 1 x RJ45 Gigabit LAN, 1x CS13 Docking, 1 x Media Card Reader (SD 3.0, UHS-I), 1 x Smart Card Reader (Optional), 1x Micro SIM
- Windows 10 Professional; Fingerprint Reader
7 used from $12.95
- New Genuine Original Lenovo AC Adapter with non-retail packaging，Power cord 1 Meter
- Output:20V-4.5A, 90W Slim tip
- Compatible SKU or DP/N: 01FR052，45N0245，45N0241，45N0249，45N0499，45N0498，45N0500
- Compatible Factory Model: ADLX90NLC3A，ADLX90NDC3A，ADLX90NCC3A
- Compatible Computer Model: ThinkPad E-series E431,E440,E450,E450C,E460,E465,E470,E470C,E475,E531,E540,E550,E550C,E555,E560,E565,E570,E570C,E700C,E575,E455,E560P,E40-80,E41-80 ThinkPad X-series X230S,X240,X240S,X250,X260,X270,X1 Yoga,X Carbon 1st,X Carbon 2nd,X Carbon 3rd,X Carbon 4th ThinkPad S-series S2 Lenovo S-series S3 Yoga,S5 Yoga,S1 Yoga,S431,S440,S531,S540,S2-owcd15-7200u Lenovo P-series P40,P50S,P51S
- Product Specification：Output:DC 20V 3.25A 65W ; Input: AC 100--240V/50--60Hz ; Connector Tip: Yellow Rectangle USB Tip ; Prongs: 3 Prong; (Please make sure the DC output and tip size of ac adapter are accordant before you buy)
- Compatible with: Lenovo Thinkpad T430 T440 T440S T440P T450 T460 T460S T470 T470S T540P T560 E440 E450 E460 E540 E550 E560 G50 G50-45 G50-70 G50-80 Z50 Z50-70 Z50-75; Lenovo G40 G40-30 G40-45 G40-70 G40-80 Z40 Z40-70 Z40-75 Z70 Z70-80 Z70-70 Y50 Y50-70 G400S S405D G410 G500S G505S G510S S410P S510P lenovo flex 2 3 Lenovo Ideapad Yoga S1, 2, 11, 11s, 13, 2 Pro; Flex 2, 3, 14, 15, 15D Laptop Charger.
- P/N: 0A36258 0B47455 0C19868 36200249 36200288 36200253 36200292 0A36271 36200251 45N0251 45N0321 45N0322 45N0313 45N0314 ADLX65NLC3A ADLX65NDT3A ADLX65NDC3 ADLX65SLC2A PA-1650-72
- Protection Features: 65W Laptop Adapter Charger Super anti-strike ability, can prevent the internal parts from being damaged and deformed. The built-in fifth-generation security technology chip can prevent your products from overcharging, over-discharging, over-voltage, over-heating and short circuit and other bad conditions. It has passed CE, FCC, ROHS safety certification.
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text:
President John Dramani Mahama, has assured the nation of a successful elections.
In a brief address on the eve of Election Day President Mahama appealed to all to contribute their individual and collective quota in making this year's elections another landmark. "Indeed, I have every confidence that another significant positive milestone will be chalked," the president stated.
Below is his statement:
STATEMENT READ BY PRESIDENT JOHN DRAMANI MAHAMA IN AN ADDRESS TO THE NATION ON THE EVE OF THE 2012 PRESIDENTIAL & PARLIAMENTARY ELECTIONS
Thursday, December 06, 2012
Good Evening, Fellow Ghanaians
Over the past twenty years, Ghana's democracy has become a beacon of hope for the entire African continent and in the process, drawn useful lessons for the rest of the world.
Tomorrow, for the sixth time in our fourth Republican journey, eligible voters will step out to deepen Ghana's democracy by choosing our leaders through free, fair and peaceful elections.
On such a historic occasion, it is worth reminding ourselves that whatever our political differences are, Ghana's stable institutions, democratic culture and the fortitude of its people have at each election, collectively risen to the occasion and made us proud as a nation.
Fellow Ghanaians, an election is a contest between competing policy visions and must never set families, ethnic groups and religions against one another.
Out of this contest of ideas shall emerge a President and leader whose character embodies and reflects our collective aspirations as a nation towards peace, unity and accelerated socio-economic development.
In all this, let us remember that Ghana is bigger and more important than any of us. The surest way to sustain and enhance our enviable image is to go to the polls tomorrow in an atmosphere of peace.
All registered voters are also encouraged to be an active part of the decision making process by exercising their franchise.
I further urge all of you, particularly my dear youth, to be law abiding and do nothing to obstruct the functions of lawfully mandated state institutions and bodies, that are all currently poised to discharge their duties professionally.
As President and Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces, I have done what is necessary through our very capable Security Services to achieve this noble goal of national Peace and Security; before, during and after the polls.
Let us all play our individual and collective roles to make Ghana the winner again tomorrow.
Indeed, I have every confidence that another significant positive milestone will be chalked.
We thank the Almighty God for the favour he has bestowed on us already as a nation, and further pray that he will see us through the election peacefully.
God bless our homeland Ghana and make our nation great and strong.

domain: news


Static Pressure, Total Pressure
I have an air heating with an inlet and an outlet.
For the outlet I want to define the pressure.
Can anyone explain to me the difference between:
- environmental pressure
- static pressure and
- total pressure
Which type should I use?
(I am definitly in the undersonic range).
§There are two ways to measure pressure in fluid flow: Static Pressure, P, and Total (Stagnation) Pressure, Pt.
–Static pressure is the pressure indicated by a measuring device moving with the flow or by a device that introduces no velocity change to the flow.
§The usual method for measuring static pressure in a flow along a wall is to drill a small hole normal to the surface of the wall and connect the opening to a manometer or pressure gage. In the region of the flow away from the wall, static pressure can be measured by introducing a probe, which in effect creates a wall.
–Total pressure is the pressure measured by bringing the flow to rest isentropically (without loss).
§A device for measuring total pressure is the Pitot tube, an open-ended tube facing directly into the flow.
–Dynamic pressure = ½* Density*Velocity^2
–Dynamic pressure can also be defined as the difference between the Total pressure and Static pressure.
§Ptotal = Pstatic + Pdynamic
You sure that the Pitot tube measure the total pressure? Don't you mean dynamic pressure? Sorry if it's a dumb question!
If you see the picture, you can see where the total and static pressure is measured. Stagnation point means total pressure point( Pressure is max and velocity "0"" Total pressure includes Dynamic pressure and static pressure also. If you create a boundary condition for outlet always you can use static pressure. Environment pressure in FloEFD has two meanings. If you want to create inlet pressure by Environment pressure in Floefd it means total pressure. If you want to create outlet pressure by Environment pressure in FloEFD it means static pressure.
Is it possible to specify outlet pressure instead of pressure opening?
As Murat said correctly, the environment pressure distinguishes only between inlet beeing total pressure and outlet beeing static pressure. So if the flow enters the model through such a boundary condition then the specified value is considered as total pressure and if it leaves, it is considered as static pressure.
There is no way of defining an "outlet" pressure. The flow direction is either given by the flow rate direction if specified as a boundary condition or the pressure gradient in the model.
If you have just two openings, one is inlet and the other outlet then you need at least one pressure opening and the other can be either flow or pressure opening.
For the flow opening it is clear by the name if it is an inlet or outlet flow. For the pressure opening the higher pressure is the inlet and the lower pressure is the outlet of course.
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text:
Standardization of Blood Collection and Processing for the Diagnostic Use of Extracellular Vesicles
- 18 Downloads
Purpose of Review
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid membrane vesicles released by many types of cells in both health and disease. EVs can be found in most body fluids, carrying a plethora of biomolecules, including proteins, RNA, and DNA, that reflect the biomolecular composition of the tissue of origin. Parenchymal and stromal cells actively release EVs in the extracellular milieu and in circulation, providing valuable information that may be exploited for diagnostic applications. However, isolation of these EV subpopulations in circulation is extremely challenging as they are diluted within more abundant EV subpopulations derived from blood cells (red blood cells, platelets, and white blood cells).
A number of preanalytical variables during blood collection and processing greatly impact the levels of blood-derived EVs, thus affecting sample quality. So far, lack of standard protocols for blood collection and processing as well as quality control metrics has limited the clinical validation and adoption of EV-based diagnostic assays.
In this review, we describe the preanalytical variables that affect sample quality and suitability for EV-based diagnostic approaches. Furthermore, we suggest biochemical and molecular quality control (QC) metrics to minimize intra- and interstudy variability and improve data robustness and reproducibility.
KeywordsStandardization Extracellular vesicles Blood Preanalytical variables Liquid biopsy RNA biomarkers
Compliance with Ethical Standards
Conflict of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Human and Animal Rights and Informed Consent
This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors.
Papers of particular interest, published recently, have been highlighted as: • Of importance •• Of major importance
- 3.•• Li Q, Wang X, Li X, He X, Wan Q, Yin J, et al. Obtaining high-quality blood specimens for downstream applications: a review of current knowledge and best practices. Biopreserv biobank. 2018. A review that summarizes the current best practices for blood specimen collection and handling. Google Scholar
- 4.•• Witwer KW, Buzás EI, Bemis LT, Bora A, Lässer C, Lötvall J, et al. Standardization of sample collection, isolation and analysis methods in extracellular vesicle research. J Extracell Vesicles. 2013;27:2 This review underlines the needs of standardization of biospecimen handling for downstream EV isolation and analysis. Google Scholar
- 8.Cvjetkovic A, Lötvall J, Lässer C. The influence of rotor type and centrifugation time on the yield and purity of extracellular vesicles. J Extracell Vesicles. 2014;25:3.Google Scholar
- 9.•• Ramirez MI, Amorim MG, Gadelha C, Milic I, Welsh JA, Freitas VM, et al. Technical challenges of working with extracellular vesicles. Nanoscale. 2018;10(3):881–906 Review that underlines the role of EVs in liquid biopsy and the variables to be considered for EVs studies during preanalytical and analytical phases. CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 12.Mora EM, Álvarez-Cubela S, Oltra E. Biobanking of exosomes in the era of precision medicine: are we there yet? Int J Mol Sci. 2015;17(1).Google Scholar
- 13.• Vila-Liante V, Sánchez-López V, Martínez-Sales V, Ramón-Nuñez LA, Arellano-Orden E, Cano-Ruiz A, et al. Impact of sample processing on the measurement of circulating microparticles: storage and centrifugation parameters. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2016;54(11):1759–67 This publication shows the influence of different sample processing and storage conditions on the microparticle count in plasma. CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 18.•• Simundic A, Bölenius K, Cadamuro J, et al. Recommendation for venous blood sampling. EFML paper (European Federation of Clinical Chemistry and laboratory medicine), v. 1.1 2018. Joint EFLM-COLABIOCLI recommendations for blood sampling and post sampling procedures.Google Scholar
- 20.•• World Health Organization. WHO guidelines on drawing blood: best practices in phlebotomy. 2010 ISBN 978 92 4 159922 1 (NLM classification: WB 381). Summary of the best practices for venous blood sampling. Google Scholar
- 33.Kuo WP, Tigges JC, Toxavidis V, Ghiran I. Red blood cells: a source of extracellular vesicles. Methods in molecular biology. Extracellular vesicles - methods and protocols 2017. ISBN 9781493972531.Google Scholar
- 40.•• Teruel-Montoya R, Kong X, Abraham S, Ma L, Kunapuli SP, Holinstat M, et al. MicroRNA expression differences in human hematopoietic cell lineages enable regulated transgene expression. PLoS One. 2014;9(7):e102259 This publication shows the contribution of hematopoietic cells to the miRNA content found in blood from healthy donors. CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 44.• Pritchard CC, Kroh E, Wood B, Arroyo JD, Dougherty KJ, Miyaji MM. Blood cell origin of circulating microRNAs: a cautionary note for cancer biomarker studies. Cancer Prev Res (Phila). 2012;5(3):492–7 This article shows evidence that blood cells are major contributors to miRNA levels in circulation, thus confounding RNA analyses for cancer biomarker discovery. CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 45.Liu T, Zhang Q, Zhang J, Li C, Miao YR, Lei Q, et al. EVmiRNA: a database of miRNA profiling in extracellular vesicles. Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Oct;18.Google Scholar
- 47.Choi JL, Li S, Han JY. Platelet function tests: a review of progresses in clinical application. Biomed Res Int. 2014;2014:456569.Google Scholar
- 52.Zocco D, Zarovni N. Extraction and analysis of extracellular vesicle-associated miRNAs following antibody-based extracellular vesicle capture from plasma samples. Methods Mol Biol. 1660;2017:269–85.Google Scholar

domain: literature


text:
Here we are its Thursday so that means challenge time over at Crafty Sentiments and this is one that I found a little more difficult, but I know loads of you out there will love this, the theme this week is 'VINTAGE' I have used another wonderful new image and this is Mushroom Bear, isn't he just so adorable? and available at Crafty Sentiments store, I coloured him with my copics and then gently inked the card so it isnt so bright white, all the edges of my card have been distressed with a craft knife and inked. The papers are new, I won them in the last Dotties World challenge and they are Bo Bunny Noel Collection Pack and I love the fact that although they are Christmas papers they can be used for other occasions too and they are vintage and distressed so definately fitted in with this challenge! The ribbon, large flower (behind the image) peeloffs and the pearls are all from my stash. So even though I dont really do vintage I am pleased with the way this turned out.
For some major inspiration and beautiful creations stop by the rest of the DT and then show us your vintage cards by joining in our challenge this week. Go on You know You want to. And we have another fabulous sponser again this week which is Digis With Attitude so check out the Crafty Sentiments Blog for all the details.
I would also like to enter this card into the following challenges:
Friday Sketchers # 137

domain: design


text:
Set of 4 Finger Cymbals, also known as zills or zagat, are made by Turquoise International. They are size A[…]
Showing all 4 results
Date: November 20, 2020—November 22, 2020
Location: Lisbon, Portugal
More info: click here
Prepare for a star-studded weekend of workshops and gala shows in Lisbon, Portugal.

domain: artistic


The University of South Florida has chided a staff member who was accused of thoughtlessly including a slide comparing a priest and a toilet in a presentation at an academic conference, the Tampa Bay Times reported.
Timothy M. Weil, the practicum coordinator for the master’s program in applied behavior analysis in the university’s department of child and family studies, gave a presentation at an academic conference last month, and allegedly started it with a slide that showed a toilet on the left and a priest on the right, with an equal sign between them. An audience member responded by saying that both were full of excrement.
An unnamed person later contacted the Catholic League for Religious and Civil Rights, which calls itself the nation’s largest Roman Catholic civil-rights group, according to the newspaper. The group’s president, William A. Donohue, asked that Mr. Weil be reprimanded.
Mr. Weil told university officials that the point of the exercise had been misunderstood. The objective, he said, was to show how people relate things that seem dissimilar. He said others in the audience had offered positive similarities, including that both the toilet and the priest “take bad things from us.” He said that upon hearing the audience member’s comment about excrement, he had replied by saying that he hoped no one had been offended.
But Julianne M. Serovich, dean of the university’s college of behavioral and community sciences, on Wednesday sent Mr. Weil a two-page “letter of counseling,” and Mr. Weil will also issue an apology.
Ms. Serovich stated in her letter that faculty members enjoy broad academic freedoms. But, she asked, ”the issue here is not academic freedom but rather, given the potential universe of images you could have used for arbitrary associations, was it good judgment to present a slide with the following equation: Catholic priest = toilet?”
Mr. Donohue on Wednesday thanked the university for what he said was its “judicious” response, and said he considered the matter closed.Return to Top


text:
The colors are just gorgeous. Have you thought of designing clothes? Because I want her dress, and there are several others I want:)
Wow! It's beyond my description and imagination....So So beautiful, the composition and style!This is a daring sunny piece welcoming spring. The little girl embraces love, hope and joy celebrating the seasons together with the little creatures (birds) out there. Ha>.Ha.. They are singing & screaming out loud.
I love the different layers here too:)
oh my, totally adorable tip toeing girl, I really love the colors too.
Love your delicate style!
Great composition and color! Your blog is amazing! I really like your style. What techniques do you use?http://curlyillustrator.blogspot.com/
this is wonderful! I want one of those dresses too!
Really lovely, charming illo! The colors are fabulous.
oh adore this! great use of pattern and colour.
beautiful - love the colors
oh my gosh, I love those trees!
Could it be.....is it a ....wow, an Orange Tanager???Fantastic post!!;)hee hee...word verif =favednes!
The trees are magical! Wonderful shapes and colours, very nicely done!
Hey Sara, how beautiful and carefree!!! Puts me in the mind of spring! It's so dreamy and wonderful! You always move and inspire me!
Lovely!! Its so Spring...very nice colors:)
this is gorgeous!
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As the Judicial Council prepares Personal Injuries Guidelines to replace the Book of Quantum, the Alliance for Insurance Reform has called on the judiciary to have regard to the common good in their deliberations and reduce awards for minor personal injuries by 80%.
The Judicial Council is scheduled to adopt and publish new judicial guidelines on damages for personal injuries by 31st July at the latest. These new guidelines will replace the current Book of Quantum guidelines as to the amounts that may be awarded in personal injury claims. It is understood that draft guidelines are to be considered at a meeting of the full Judicial Council on the 5th February.
Peter Boland, Director of the Alliance, which represents charities, voluntary and community groups, sports and cultural organisations and SMEs severely affected by insurance costs said “The single biggest element of the cost of insurance, as determined by the Cost of Insurance Working Group, the Personal Injuries Commission and the Central Bank’s National Claims Information Database, is compensation; and general damages for minor injuries account for the vast majority of compensation payouts. What we award for minor, fully recovered injuries in Ireland is 4.4 times higher than in England & Wales and further multiples higher than other European jurisdictions. An 80% reduction on minor injuries would only bring us down to where England and Wales currently are and would still be nowhere near the equivalent damages in other European countries – and England and Wales are further slashing their damages for minor whiplash injuries later this year.
“We call on the Judicial Council to have regard to the common good in reducing general damages for fully recovered minor injuries by at least 80% to reflect international norms and norms already established by the Court of Appeal.
“We are not talking about damages for serious injuries here. Where a person is seriously injured due the negligence of someone else, they must be properly compensated and that is what insurance is there for. What we are talking about are the bumps, bruises and mild, fully recovered whiplash injuries where treatment ends when the legal action is finished. We reward these injuries at a level unprecedented in Europe and these are the awards that are damaging Irish society.”
Tracy Sheridan, owner of Kidspace play centres in Rathfarnham and Rathcoole and director of the Alliance said “Insurance costs remain an existential issue for Irish SMEs, charities, sports and cultural organisations, voluntary and community groups. The Irish economy is not going to recover from Covid-19 through SMEs, or Irish society through the voluntary & community sector, unless insurance is sorted.”
Ivan Cooper, Director of Public Policy at the Wheel (Ireland’s national association of community and voluntary organisations, charities and social enterprises) and director of the Alliance said “This is a singular opportunity for the judiciary to have a profoundly positive impact on Irish community and voluntary groups and small businesses.“


text:
“Service”—To Find the Best in Others
When I think of my own philosophy of service, I think of Ralph Waldo Emerson’s quote on the “Definition of Success”—one that has been ingrained in me from childhood and is the basis of the values that I live by today. Within this famous quote, he states: “…to find the best in others; to leave the world a bit better whether by a healthy child, a garden patch, or a redeemed social condition; To know even one life has breathed easier because you have lived. This is to have succeeded”.
For me, this is the definition of service and is what motivates me in all I do and gives great meaning to my life’s work. Service is about opening one’s heart, mind, and hands to help others without any thought to monetary gain, recognition, or the advancement of oneself in the work. It is simply a calling because it is the right thing to do for others and the communities in which we live. It is fostering another person’s voice to be heard. It is advocating for policy or systems change to better a social condition for one or many. It is encouraging and inspiring others to find their own voice to make change. It is bringing diverse groups and thinkers together to find common ground for it to work for the common good.
One may ask, “What motivates me to conduct service?” Besides the great legacy left behind by my grandfather and father, it is knowing that even one life has breathed easier, simply because I helped and got involved.
It is the youth who took a chance in RENEW who envision a bright and meaningful future they want and deserve. It is seeing people work differently once they get involved in a youth’s journey to understand and support that youth in all that they want to accomplish. It is seeing youth reach their goals as young adults that sparks a chain reaction. It is teaching, supporting, validating, and inspiring professionals to build proactive and equitable systems so all can reach their potential and be part of a community in which they truly belong. It is seeing the learning from my teaching transform leaders to “redeem a social condition” to advance promising or proven practices that improve the lives of all.
Service is ongoing. It is being open to learning from others without judgment. It is about unconditional care and showing up even when not expected and not walking away from the table. It is staying the course even when things are tough. It is knowing that creating great change requires partnerships as one person cannot do this work alone.
If I want to inspire good leaders and service to others, I need to model it, be present, and demonstrate integrity and excellence in my work.
I must value the participation of all people and learn from them. My greatest teachers have been many of the youth and families in RENEW. They have taught me ways of looking at the world through a different lens that I may not have experienced. It is making sure their voices are present to make needed changes in our systems and practices. These are personal values that I hold dear and reflect the work at the Institute on Disability (IOD). The IOD’s mission is to promote “full access, equal opportunities, and participation for all persons by strengthening communities and advancing policy and system change, promising practice, education, and research.” It is my hope that, in my definition of service, I am just one among many who advance this work with integrity and respect to provide excellent service to others.

domain: sociology


Sarcasm is hard to catch in text because there are no other cues for you to go off of, like tone of voice or body language. That’s why it’s best saved for people you have a close relationship with, not professional correspondence. And even then, a recent study suggests friends and family still probably won’t get it.
The study, published in the journal of Human Connection Research, found that not even the closest friends of study participants were capable of judging the emotional tone of their emails. In fact, they were no better at interpreting sarcasm than a random person off the street that didn’t know the sender at all. The researchers note that most of us take things for granted when it comes to communicating with our friends and close relations, like assuming they’ll know when we’re being sarcastic when other people wouldn’t. But that’s not the case.
The study suggests that no matter how well your recipient knows you, there’s a good chance they won’t get your jokes or sarcastic remarks in your written messages. That can lead to some serious misunderstandings under the right circumstances, or, at the very least, some time wasted trying to explain things. And while email was the only method of communication tested in the study, the same can probably be said for text messaging. So you might want to save the sarcasm for when you’re in person, or at least consider using some emoji whenever possible.
Overconfidence at the Keyboard: Confidence and Accuracy in Interpreting Affect in E-Mail Exchanges | Human Connection Research via Science of Us
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As Russia tries to enter the Ukrainian capital, Ukrainian troops are trying their best to clear the air.
This idea aims to surround Kyiv, and take power from President Volodymyr Zelensky.
Among the places where the Russian idea has failed is the city of Bucha.
The second day after Russia attacked Ukraine on the 24th, the second day, the Ukrainian army destroyed Russian troops as they were about to capture Bucha.
The move is part of a process that Russia has not been able to carry out in its quest.
As a result, his troops gradually withdrew from the Kyiv area.
Although Russia’s goal of a war in central Ukraine has come to fruition, the fact remains that the Ukrainian military has blocked the plan.
Within two to three weeks of the fighting, Russian troops had withdrawn from the area.
It seems that the Russian troops left the city in a rage, unfortunately. The death toll has risen sharply, as Ukrainian troops enter the city.
Some of them tied their hands behind their backs.
The mayor also said 280 bodies had been buried.
Some residents of the city said they were avoiding Russian citizens by any means. And in front of their house, they were cooking food with wood, because there was no electricity, gas or water.
The city is not far from Hostomel Airport, where Russian troops first attacked.
There they destroyed the world’s largest bus.
The plane during its lifetime was something that the Ukrainians were proud of, as an example of their ability to do great things around the world.


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Fennel originated in Italy and spread throughout the world. There are four main varieties, the most common is the florence or bulb fennel. All parts of plant can be used: flowers, stems, leaves, bulb and seeds. Fennel is one of the ingredients in chinese five spice powder, along with aniseed, ...Monday 15 September 2008
Dressing: 1 tablespoon mayonnaise 4 anchovy fillets (finely chopped) 2 coddled eggs (cook for 1.5 minutes) Salad: 2 tablespoons bread croutons (small cubes fried in olive oil, using sourdough) 2 tablespoons bacon (finely chopped, fried in olive oil) 50g parmesan shavings Salt and pepper 1 cos ...Monday 15 September 2008
2 cups duck fat 4 duck maryland 1 cup cannellini beans, soaked overnight 6 radicchio leaves 8 schallots, peeled 6 cherry tomatoes cut in half 2 tablespoons spanish onion, finely sliced and soaked in cold water for 30 mins, then drained 1 tablespoon parsley, finely chopped 1 teaspoon thyme leaves 4 ...
240g crab meat 4 mangoes 2 large red capsicum, roasted and peeled, kept intact Dressing: 1 cup mayonnaise Lime juice 1 tablespoon sugar syrup 1 tablespoon dijon mustard 1 tablespoon coriander leaves, finely shredded...
1 small whole chicken 4 celery stalks, cut into thin strips 2 carrots, peeled and cut into thin strips 2 tablespoons oyster sauce 3 tablespoons light soy sauce 2 teaspoons heated sesame seed oil Whole coriander leaves Roasted sesame seeds Dressing: 2 cups rice vinegar 2/3 cup caster sugar 2 ...
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domain: food


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Here is the most-awaited ‘Eiffel Tower’ picture of Pooja Hegde and Allu Arjun. The lead pair of Ala Vaikunthapurrammuloo have been shooting at Paris for the racy and foot-tapping number Samajavaragamana.
The song is extensively shot in Paris and it also features famous Lido dancers. Sharing the picture of the duo in front of the iconic Eiffel Tower, Pooja wrote on her social media page, “Because a song like #samajavaragamana deserves nothing less than the #eiffeltower…@alluarjun and I can’t wait for you’ll to see it #alavaikunthapurramuloo”
So far, the lyrical song of Samajavaragamana got 7.5 crore views with 920 k likes. The makers are expecting to get 1 million likes. If it does, it will be the first Telugu song to get 1 million likes which will be an unprecedented record in Telugu music history.
Composed by SS Thaman, the song was sung by Sid Sriram, the number is an instant hit. Naturally, there is a lot of expectation on the visuals of the song. Looks like, director Trivikram Srinivas is leaving no leaf unturned to make a visual splendour.
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Italian and Spanish stocks continued to benefit Friday in the wake of the European Central Bank’s ramped-up efforts to stave off deflation and stimulate economic growth in the euro area.
It’s expected to be more than just a shot in the arm, with analysts expecting the euro zone’s periphery to continue to benefit for some time to come.
The ECB’s offer of cheap TLTRO–targeted long-term refinancing operations–is likely to provide a potential immediate boost to profitability for European banks, said Société Générale in a note to clients.
“Funding has just become cheaper for the bulk of the lending volume in the system,” says SocGen. “Our initial estimate is that this could directly boost pretax profit for our coverage universe by 1%-3%, with larger gains for a selection of peripheral European banks.”
The Italian banking system is likely to benefit most, although all corporate banking businesses should receive a boost, added SocGen.
And the negative deposit rate should also help the banking sector through a range of channels, reckons Citigroup.
Lower sovereign yields should feed into lower funding costs and gains on the holdings of sovereign bonds, while lower rates should drive a reduction in the cost of equity, analysts at Citi said.
Furthermore, it also potentially provides an incentive for the banks to increase credit to the real economy, added Citi.
The announced stimulus measures are also seen as supporting European stocks more broadly, as one would expect.
Goldman Sachs said the outcome of Thursday’s ECB meeting supports its existing positive view on European equities.
But if, over the coming months, the ECB details further support for credit easing that could have a direct positive growth impact, then this would raise the upside risk to the investment bank’s central view.


Laptop Market Size Worth $108.91 Billion by
The global laptop market size is projected to account for USD 108.91 billion by the end of the forecasted year and is
expected to grow with 0.4% CAGR over the forecast period, from 2018 to 2025. Increasing spending on consumer
electronics devices coupled with evolving lifestyles is a key factor driving the market growth during the forecast period.
In addition, growing demand for technologically advanced laptops in emerging countries owing to rapidly changing
needs is expected to further drive the market growth in the next few years.
Factors such as growing adoption of wireless connectivity as well as mobility solutions with affordable prices among
consumers are expected to surge the demand for laptops. Moreover, technologically advancement and homogeneous
standardization of laptops are reducing power consumption, increasing processing power, and also reducing cost,
thereby expected to drive the market growth during the forecast period.
Development of internet infrastructure worldwide due to government support is expected to drive the demand for
laptops among consumers. For instance, government initiatives in several emerging countries like Make in India, Digital
India and Made in China 2025 are opening new market growth opportunities for industry players.
However, increase in the number of smartphone users across the globe is expected to hamper the laptop market growth
to some extent. Benefits such as emergence of advanced features like augmented reality (AR) apps, artificial intelligence,
sensors, enhanced hardware, large screens, and high-speed processors at affordable cost are projected to restraint
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“The global laptop market size is projected to account for USD 108.91 billion by the end of
the forecasted year and is expected to grow with 0.4% CAGR over the for


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Real‐world effectiveness of pharmacological treatments of opioid use disorder in a national cohort
Addiction Jan 27, 2022
Researchers conducted a nationwide, register-based cohort study in order to determine the real-world effectiveness of pharmacological treatments (buprenorphine, methadone) of opioid use disorder (OUD).
From registers of prescriptions, inpatient and specialized outpatient care, causes of death, sickness absence and disability pensions, researchers retrieved data of 5,757 residents (71.8% men; aged 16–64) living in Sweden using OUD-medication.
Analysis revealed a significantly lower risk of hospitalization due to opioid use disorder and death due to all and external causes in correlation with the use of both buprenorphine and methadone, when compared with non-use.
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domain: medical


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Travel Tokens are objects that appear in JumpStart Around the World.
Travel Tokens are used to pay for the transportation needed to take trips to different countries. The toolbar shows how many travel tokens the player currently has. Up to ten travel tokens can be carried at a time. If the player is starting a new game, they will begin with ten travel tokens.
When the player is at the travel menu, each mode of transportation shows how many travel tokens are needed to pay for it. The prices are as follows:
- One travel token: Train and glider
- Two travel tokens: Boat, plane, submarine, hot air balloon
- Three travel tokens: Blimp, scooter
When the player runs out of travel tokens, they must play the Travel Agency Game to get more. When the player completes the activity, they will be awarded any number of travel tokens between 1 and 10 based on their score.

domain: travel


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"Come on, you can trust me! I'm named Blue, and you? Oh, nice name! Where are your parents? It's been hours since they were supposed to pick you up. I can take you home, I know the way. Follow me, through the forest!"
Within every single human being, there lies the innate Fear of rejection, isolation, of being thrown out. Everywhere from the high school cliques to professional work life, in everyone from a child to a man in their final days, there's the constant strive for acceptance. When this desire is not fulfilled, when a person feels alone, segregated, cut off from everyone else, that's when the Cold Boy gets interested. Beyond the most literal meaning of His name, the Cold Boy represents the metaphorical cold of loneliness.
The Cold Boy does, of course, have power of ice and snow, and within his presence, or the presence of any of his servants, there is always a sharp drop in temprature. Within ten meters, the hairs stand up on the back of the neck as a sudden coolness grips those around Him. Within five, they shiver and their breath freezes like a mid-winter night. Within three, the cold is a painful, paradoxial heat that burns the skin and freezes it solid. One must act quickly when the Cold Boy is around, otherwise, they may find themselves in his Court, forced into servitude as a Child of the Cold.
But beyond this obvious power, He can instill people with paranoia, loneliness, the ever-gnawing fear that everyone around them despises them, hates them, wants them gone. He can make the most social and out-going person into a mental wreck who loathes themselves with a mere whisper. The effect is often temporary, leaving after the Cold Boy loses interest in the person. However, it's not often he loses interest.
He is ever-waiting, always on the prowl. Though it may seem like He targets exclusively children, that is only because they feel loneliness more deeply than others, and are easily lead astray. However, the fates of his targets differ. Most over the age of 18 are found dead, frozen solid. Those under 18 often find themselves as Children of the Cold. But some adults who fall to him are simply never seen again, their fate unknown.


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Electrical conductivity is an important property for technological applications of nanofluids that has not been widely studied. Conventional descriptions such as the Maxwell model do not account for surface charge effects that play an important role in electrical conductivity, particularly at higher nanoparticle volume fractions. Here, we perform electrical characterizations of propylene glycol-based ZnO nanofluids with volume fractions as high as 7%, measuring up to a 100-fold increase in electrical conductivity over the base fluid. We observe a large increase in electrical conductivity with increasing volume fraction and decreasing particle size as well as a leveling off of the increase at high volume fractions. These experimental trends are shown to be consistent with an electrical conductivity model previously developed for colloidal suspensions in salt-free media. In particular, the leveling off of electrical conductivity at high volume fractions, which we attribute to counter-ion condensation, represents a significant departure from the "linear fit" models previously used to describe the electrical conductivity of nanofluids.
Nanofluids are created by suspending nanometer size particles in a base fluid  and allow for the engineering of fluid properties by changing the type, size, and amount of particles. They have been proposed for advanced heat transfer applications such as fuel cell thermal management and power electronics cooling; however, many of these cooling applications require a low electrical conductivity fluid. While nanofluid thermal properties have received considerable attention both theoretically and experimentally , the interrelated and critical electrical properties have not.
The electrical conductivity of a suspension depends on the background electrolyte and particle size, charge, and volume fraction . Nanofluids often utilize metal oxide nanoparticles such as ZnO, TiO2, or Al2O3. When dispersed in a fluid, these particles gain surface charge due to the protonation or deprotonation of a surface group such as a hydroxyl ligand (-OH) . This surface charge, which can be adjusted in electrolyte solutions by altering the pH of the suspension [5, 6] or chemically treating the particle surface , causes an electrical double layer (EDL) of counter-ions to form near the particle surface. For bulk suspensions that are salt-free, the only ions present are those from the charging process of the particles, which are counter-ions formed at the fluid-particle interface. For salt-free suspensions, the effective electrical conductivity is typically increased upon the suspension of particles since the ionic conductivity in the EDL is generally larger than that of the bulk solution .
Several researchers [7–11] have measured large increases in the electrical conductivity of nanofluids compared to the base fluid as the volume fraction [7–11] and temperature  are increased. For example, Ganguly et al.  reported a factor of 150 increase for 13-nm Al2O3 nanofluids at a volume fraction of 3%. This is a factor of 100 greater than the increase predicted by the Maxwell model ; since other models for the electrical conductivity of nanofluids do not currently exist, researchers have simply used a linear curve fit without physical interpretation [9, 10].
A realistic model for nanofluid electrical conductivity must take into account nanoparticle size as well as the surface charge of the nanoparticle in suspension, neither of which is accounted for in the Maxwell model. Here, we apply electrokinetic models developed for colloidal suspensions to nanofluids for the first time to explain the large measured increases in electrical conductivity. Among many such models [13–17] we employ in particular the analytical model for spherical colloidal particles in a salt-free medium developed by Ohshima , to enable extraction of the physical parameters that govern nanofluid electrical conductivity. Using propylene glycol (PG) without any dispersants as a salt-free medium, we measure the electrical conductivities of 20, 40, and 60 nm diameter ZnO nanoparticle dispersions up to 7% volume fraction, applying Ohshima's model to determine the limiting ionic conductance of the system.
Nanofluid preparation and characterization
In addition to serving as a salt-free medium, PG allows for higher nanoparticle volume fractions to be tested without dispersants than what is achievable in water-based nanofluids. PG-based nanofluids were prepared by Nanophase Technologies (Romeoville, IL, USA) at 7% volume fraction without any dispersants, and were diluted to 1, 3, and 5% for all particle sizes. By achieving volume fractions that are higher than any for which nanofluid electrical conductivity measurements have previously been reported, we are able to study effects such as counter-ion condensation that occur at high volume fractions and significantly impact electrical conductivity. The ZnO nanoparticles had a crystal phase of zincite (hexagonal) and an elongated morphology with an aspect ratio of approximately 3. The specific surface areas of the particles were 54, 33, and 18 m2/g for the 20-, 40-, and 60-nm particles, respectively. The suspensions were reported to be greater than 99% pure by the manufacturer.
Zeta potential measurement
The zeta potential of a suspension provides a measure of the electrokinetic potential of the EDL and strongly influences its electrostatic properties as described below. Nanofluid zeta potentials were measured using a Brookhaven Instruments Zeta Plus system (Holtsville, NY, USA) which correlates light scattering with average particle velocity in the presence of an applied electric field. Samples were maintained at 25°C, and the average zeta potential measured by five separate runs was recorded.
Electrical conductivity measurement
Nanofluid electrical conductivity was measured using a Model 72 handheld conductivity meter from Engineered Systems and Designs, Inc. (Newark, DE, USA). The meter included two insulated electrodes of fixed spacing and achieved a resolution of 0.1% and an accuracy of ±2.5% over the range of 0.2 to 20,000 μS/cm. The meter was calibrated using salt solutions with known electrical conductivities of 10, 74, 714, 2,000, 6,668, and 58,640 μS/cm. For the measurement of nanofluid samples, approximately 200 ml of the nanofluid was placed in a beaker which was submerged in a 25°C temperature bath. The electrodes were rinsed in tap water and then dipped into different beakers of distilled water to prevent any contamination between samples. The electrodes were then dipped into the sample beaker and stirred until the measured value stabilized. The rinsing process was repeated between each measurement, and the data for each sample was averaged over three measurements.
Nanofluid electrical conductivity modeling
Kuwabara's cell model , shown in Figure 1, is used to analyze the electrokinetic properties of colloidal suspensions. Each particle of radius, a, is surrounded by a virtual shell of the salt-free medium with of radius, b, such that the volume fraction, ϕ, equals (a/b)3. This model simplifies the electro-hydrodynamic interactions between the particles by representing an average particle and surrounding medium. This model does not account for overlapping EDLs and is commonly used to investigate the electrophoresis and sedimentation of colloidal suspensions of spherical particles. Based on this cell model, Ohshima  derived separate analytical expressions for the electrical conductivity K of a salt-free suspension that apply when the particle surface charge Q = 4πε r ε 0 a ζ is either less than or greater than a critical surface charge given by:
where ε r is the relative permittivity of the medium, ε 0 is the vacuum permittivity, ζ is the zeta potential, z is the valence of the counter-ion, e is the elementary electric charge, k is the Boltzmann constant, and T is the temperature in Kelvin. The surface charge, which exists at the interface between the medium and the particle, is not directly measured but rather is derived from the measured zeta potential. The condition given in (1) can then be expressed in terms of a critical zeta potential defined as:
For Case 1 (ζ < ζcrit),
and for Case 2 (ζ > ζcrit),
where λ is the drag coefficient of the counter-ion :
for which N A is Avogadro's number and is the limiting ionic conductance. As the volume fraction is increased, ζcrit is reduced. For Case 1, K is predicted to increase linearly with volume fraction since the addition of particles directly adds to the total charge. However, once the critical charge is reached and Case 2 becomes applicable, K is predicted to rise more slowly for increasing volume fraction due to counter-ion condensation effects that limit the effective particle charge to be less than the intrinsic charge . Counter-ion condensation occurs due to an electrostatic coupling that induces an accumulation of counter-ions, which causes a renormalization of the charge at the surface. Therefore, increasing the amount of counter-ions in this case simply adds to the condensation region and leaves the charge and potential outside that region unchanged, causing the electrical conductivity to plateau.
Results and discussion
The zeta potentials measured for the PG-based ZnO nanofluids are given in Table 1 and show only a slight dependence on particle size. Since the fluids were prepared using the same process, the zeta potential was controlled to be nearly constant. Using a counter-ion valence of 2 arising from the formation of Zn2+ ions on the particle surface , the critical zeta potential can be calculated by Equation 2 to be 59.2 mV for 1% volume fraction, 45.0 mV for 3%, 38.5 mV for 5%, and 34.2 mV for 7%. The nanofluid samples for all particle sizes thus fall into Case 1 for 1% volume fraction and Case 2 for higher volume fractions.
Derivation of electrokinetic parameters
The limiting ionic conductance () and counter-ion drag coefficient (λ) both relate to the counter-ion formed at the particle surface and are independent of the particle size and concentration. By assuming a relative permittivity for PG of 28.7  and minimizing the root-mean-square error between the measured and the modeled electrical conductivities for all particle sizes and volume fractions (discussed below), we determine and λ to be 54.4 S · cm2/mol and 6.18 × 10-12 C2/(S · m2), respectively. These values are consistent with typical literature values for colloidal suspensions, which report in the range of 40-350 S · cm2/mol .
Comparison of experimental and predicted electrical conductivity
As shown in Figure 2, increasing the volume fraction by adding nanoparticles significantly increased the electrical conductivity with respect to that of the PG base fluid (K = 0.1 μS/cm). As predicted by Equations 3 and 4, smaller particles yielded a higher electrical conductivity at the same volume fraction. The electrical conductivity of the 20-nm particle suspension reached 9.60 μS/cm at 7% volume fraction, representing a nearly 100-fold increase over the base fluid.
Predicted electrical conductivities based on Equation 3 for 1% volume fraction and Equation 4 for higher volume fractions, using the measured zeta potentials given in Table 1, are also shown in Figure 2. Dotted lines are used to illustrate the error that occurs when extending Case 1 (e.g., linear increase with volume fraction) to higher volume fractions at which counter-ion condensation occurs. Condensation effects are particularly evident for the 20-nm nanoparticle samples, for which the measurement error is small compared to the change in electrical conductivity. Discrepancies between predicted and measured values may arise from the elongated particle geometry, which deviates from the spherical assumption of Ohshima's model, or from impurities in the suspension.
The thickness of the EDL is strongly dependent on the ionic strength of the fluid medium and has a significant effect on electrical conductivity. This effect of ion concentration is captured by the electrokinetic radius (κa), which is the ratio of the particle radius (a) to the thickness of the EDL (κ -1) and is given by :
Equation 6 shows that κa is independent of particle size and increases with volume fraction. The electrokinetic radius calculated from the experimental data is shown in Table 2, and increases from 0.34 at 1% volume fraction to 0.92 at 7% volume fraction. While the electrokinetic radius (ratio of the EDL thickness to the particle radius) does not change with particle radius, the EDL thickness does. Table 3 shows the calculated EDL thicknesses (κ -1) for nanoparticles of different sizes. The thickness decreases with increasing volume fraction and decreasing particle size. The minimum thickness of the EDL is calculated to be 10.9 nm for a 20-nm particle at 1% volume fraction, and the maximum thickness is calculated to be 88.9 nm for a 60-nm particle at 1% volume fraction. For all nanofluid volume fractions studied here, κa was found to be less than 1, implying the presence of a relatively thick EDL compared to that of suspensions in high ionic strength electrolytes. For double layers in this size range, it has previously been noted  that models for electrical conductivity can have relatively higher error due to the complexities of the increased surface conductance near the particle which create a non-linearity with volume fraction, potentially leading (along with the geometric and impurity uncertainties mentioned above) to the slight discrepancies between predicted and measured electrical conductivities observed.
Electrical characterization of nanofluids with volume fractions as high as 7% demonstrated electrical conductivities that fall significantly below simple linear fit models that have previously been applied. The experimental data showed an increase in electrical conductivity with increasing volume fraction and with decreasing particle size at constant volume fraction. The leveling off of electrical conductivity observed at high volume fractions is consistent with counter-ion condensation effects that are captured by a model previously developed for colloidal suspensions in salt-free media. Optimizing such counter-ion condensation effects in nanofluids could potentially increase their applicability in technologies for which low electrical conductivity is required.
electrical double layer
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This research was supported by a General Motors Discovery Project and the U.S. Department of Energy through Oak Ridge National Laboratory (managed by UT-Battelle LLC). The authors wish to acknowledge the support and leadership of Dr. Simon Tung, Dr. Nidia Gallego, and Dr. David Stinton. The authors would further like to thank Nanophase Technologies Corp. for furnishment of nanofluids.
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
SW carried out the electrical conductivity studies and modeling, and drafted the manuscript. AS and KP participated in the design of the study and its coordination. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Cite this article
White, S.B., Shih, A.JM. & Pipe, K.P. Investigation of the electrical conductivity of propylene glycol-based ZnO nanofluids. Nanoscale Res Lett 6, 346 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1186/1556-276X-6-346

domain: chemistry


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Nick Parker is not a hoarder. Nick Parker keeps everything. If these two statements seem inherently at odds, that’s all right. The Brooklyn-based artist has a way with contradictions, a knack for making ideas coalesce when, taken at face value, they shouldn’t.
Parker’s work exists in the space between interpretation and intention, straddling the line between its own finished object-hood and its narrative as a work in progress — or, in the artist’s own parlance, its moment of utility versus its actualization as an art object. A graduate of The Cooper Union School of Art, Parker has been working steadily since 2009 to refine a materials-driven, process-based approach to making. His vases are composed of cement that he pigments, layers, and sands until it starts to resemble some hyperactive version of linoleum. His grander ideas typically end up as “paintings,” made from paint and paint-like materials embedded with scraps and layered on top of a substrate, then sanded down. Forty of those were on display at his last solo show, Amerigo Ferrari: The Golden Body [of America]’s Last Meal’s Lobster Bisque,for which he had some 150 to choose from, all stored at home. “They really stack up,” he says. That home, for the time being, is an East Williamsburg apartment that reflects the constant churning of ideas that defines Parker’s practice, in which he seeks out value in that which is discarded, done, or spent. He utilizes scraps from his day job as a woodworker as well as offcuts and donations from neighboring artists and makers. It could seem a bit relentless if Parker weren’t so methodical in his execution, so fluidly dedicated to his craft that it hardly seems like work at all, just the constant iterating and reiterating of a nagging suspicion that maybe there’s more to the material world than meets the eye.
Even with its door wide open, Isaac Nichols’s Greenpoint studio is easy to miss. Walk past, look around, turn back, and there it is, tucked inside a cavernous, garage-like space that’s served as a creative home base for Nichols (who works under the name Group Partner) and a wide circle of artist friends for the past two years. The studio, unassuming from the outside, hums within: music plays; the stretch and tear of packing tape is constant. All around, laid out on makeshift surfaces and shelves, are Nichols’s signature pieces in varying stages of completion: ceramic pots molded to mimic breasts, each adorned in a hand-painted outfit, and his famous face pots, each with one of three appointed names: Adam, Rory, or Pat.
Last month, when the watch brand Mondaine asked for a peek into a day in the life of a Sight Unseen editor, I dragged our trusty photographer Paul Barbera all around the Brooklyn enclave popping in on our friends and shooting future studio visits for the site, from Workaday Handmade to Confettisystem.
With a new body of work debuting today at the Future Perfect, Taylor's upped the scale of his objects to include lighting and a few furniture items, though he's still as fond as ever of using salvaged materials — he made all the pieces using discarded metal from an old glazing company moving out of a storefront across the street from his studio.


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From the very first moments of Star Wars: Episode IV – A New Hope, it was clear that the Galactic Empire was a fierce and fascinating foe. There were the white-armored soldiers – the stormtroopers – firing at will, contrasted by the towering, black-clad presence of Darth Vader, with his Force mastery. That combination of power was what the Empire was all about: the brutal violence of the stormtroopers and their technology, combined with the quieter, more spiritual brutality of the dark side of the Force.
For most of its existence, the Empire was led by the evil Emperor Palpatine, also known as the Sith Lord Darth Sidious, with Vader as his loyal enforcer and apprentice. We know that from the movies. But there are many other facts about the Empire that we don’t explicitly learn from the films and have to find other canon sources, along with some real-life sources. Here, we’ve accumulated some of the best of those.
We have foreseen it: you will read the 15 Things You Didn’t Know About The Empire.
Despite his all-black armor and cape, Darth Vader was depicted very much as Emperor Palpatine’s golden boy in the original trilogy. Well, until Vader killed him, that is. That kind of put a damper on the relationship. Before that, though, Vader seemed like Palpatine’s perfect Sith sidekick. Things didn't stay that way, however.
The first crack in their relationship came when Vader was unable to thwart the Rebel attack on and destruction of the Emperor’s precious Death Star, which also happened to kill Palpatine’s other good buddy, Grand Moff Tarkin. Not long after that, the Rebels were able to destroy a major weapons factory on Cymoon 1 under Vader’s watch.
As a result of these disappointing failures, the Emperor stripped Vader of a lot of his authority, demoting him to report to Cassio Tagge in the Imperial Military he once commanded. And we all know what happened in the end...
It’s widely known that George Lucas drew significant inspiration from classic films like Seven Samurai and The Hidden Fortress when he wrote the first Star Wars film, now known as Episode IV: A New Hope. Specifically, though, he had a number of inspirations for the evil Empire. He’s spoken about the influence of Vietnam-era America, which Lucas lived through during the years leading up to the film. From that, he borrowed the notion of a small group (Rebels in Star Wars, the North Vietnamese in real life) battling a seemingly insurmountable power (the Empire/the United States), and he based the Emperor on U.S. President Richard Nixon.
Going back a few decades, much of the Empire’s aesthetic and fascism was lifted from Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union. Imperial officers’ uniforms are very Nazi-esque, and you can see the Soviet’s May Day celebrations in the pomp and circumstance and military formation when the Emperor arrived at the second Death Star in Return of the Jedi.
Meanwhile, a significant fictional influence came from legendary science fiction writer Isaac Asimov’s Foundation series of novels, thanks to an entity known as – surprise – the Galactic Empire.
There are many, many similarities between the fictional life of Sheev Palpatine and the real life of Ancient Roman politician Gaius Octavian, who led the Roman Empire from 27 BC to 14 AD. Both started out as lower-level politicians and worked their way up to a position of supreme leadership. Well, “worked their way up” is actually a little too kind to both men. What they both did was manipulate a democratic Senate to shift power into their hands, then declare themselves Emperor.
Octavian and Palapatine both convinced their Senates to give them great power during a tense time, claiming it would be temporary, but never relinquishing their authoritarian power. They claimed that their authoritarian rule was necessary because the Senate was corrupt.
Finally, both had alternate names. Octavian was given the name Augustus, while we know that Palpatine was also known as Dark Lord of the Sith Darth Sidious.
Despite the presence of Chagrian alien Mas Amedda in a key position, as well as a few other aliens, the Empire was quite xenophobic from the start, and by design. For the Empire, it was simple: they believed non-humans were too strange to be welcome within their ranks. More often than not, if you saw an alien around the Death Star or aboard a Star Destroyer, it would be in a subservient role, even as a slave.
Nevertheless, in addition to Mas Amedda, there were a couple of other aliens in key roles within the empire. Grand Admiral Thrawn was a blue Chiss alien bent on destroying the fledgling rebellion in the years before the Battle of Yavin. Then there was the Grand Inquisitor, a Pau’an alien and leader of the Inquisitorious, a group that searched out remaining Jedi.
Meanwhile, the Rebels would have been nowhere without their inclusive philosophy. Their alien contingent, including Wookiees like Chewbacca, Mon Calamari like Ackbar, and Sullustans like Nien Nunb, played key roles in their victory.
Anyone who’s seen A New Hope knows that the Empire performed an unspeakably despicable act, demonstrating the power of their new Death Star space station/superweapon by destroying the entire planet of Alderaan, aka Princess Leia’s home. And they did it right in front of her, no less. That wasn’t this regime’s only genocide, though. In fact, genocide was already old hat for the Empire by the time they destroyed Alderaan, and they didn’t always have to blow up a planet to do it.
Eighteen years before Alderaan, the Empire started with the inhabitants of a moon called Antar 4. Moff Tarkin, as he was known at the time (no “Grand” yet), wanted to make an example of societies that had been loyal to the defeated Separatists, and Antar 4 was an unfortunate one of those. In an event dubbed the "Antar Atrocity", Tarkin led an absolute massacre of the moon’s inhabitants.
The Empire would go on to unleash another genocide on Lasat, and another on Geonosis, not to mention massacres on other planets like Chewbacca’s homeworld of Kashyyyk.
With his knife-sharp features and cold blue eyes, Wilhuff Tarkin was an intimidating presence. It wasn’t just his presence that was intimidating, though. The native of Eriadu was absolutely ruthless, with a shrewd military mind. He first displayed these traits at a young age as part of the Outlands Security Force, then joined a military academy, where he met his future boss, Sheev Palpatine, who was then a Senator within the Republic.
Tarkin quickly became a favorite of Palpatine, who helped him become Governor of Eriadu, and he stayed loyal to the future Emperor when Count Dooku tried to convince him to move Eriadu to join the Separatists. This was actually a test devised by Palpatine, and Tarkin passed. Once the Empire was formed, Palpatine dubbed him a Moff and later, as a reward for thwarting early rebels and a lifetime of loyalty, anointed him the Empire’s first Grand Moff.
If you’re an authoritarian ruler who has masterminded the creation of an Empire to rule the entire galaxy, there’s a pretty good chance you have a healthy ego and want everyone to know how awesome you are. So it’s not really that surprising that Emperor Palpatine ordered a giant statue to be built in his image.
It’s not even just that it was built, it was where he built it. When the Empire first emerged as the ruling power, they symbolically took over Coruscant, which had been the home of the Republic that they just dismantled. That’s where the Emperor’s statue was built, just outside of the Senate building, in the Senate Plaza, which had been renamed the Imperial Plaza so folks wouldn’t be reminded of the Republic’s Senate.
Incidentally, the statue’s placement was perhaps even more symbolic in the Legends continuity, where it was erected in the partially destroyed Jedi Temple, also on Coruscant.
We know, of course, that the Empire was led by a power-mad Force devotee in Sith Lord Darth Sidious/Emperor Palpatine. Part of his master plan to topple the Republic and establish the Empire was to rid the galaxy of all the Jedi by using Order 66, a command programmed into the clone troopers and triggered by Palpatine to have them destroy the Jedi they’d fought alongside.
While Order 66 was mostly successful, it wasn’t entirely successful, and that did not make Palpatine a happy camper. He was obsessed with finishing the job, enlisting Darth Vader to hunt them down. The Inquisitorious, a small group of Force-sensitives, was established to help Vader in this quest. It wasn’t just full-fledged Jedi they were after, though. They also went after kids who showed Force sensitivity, creating a program called Project Harvester to capture and detain them, thereby ending any potential Force-led rebellious uprising. That plan, as we all know, was ultimately wildly unsuccessful.
Part of the fun of the Star Wars saga on the big screen has been to watch the evolution of trooper armor over the years. When we first joined the story in A New Hope, the Empire was in full swing, defended by a seemingly infinitesimally huge army of stormtroopers in their iconic white armor and helmet with slanted eyes and bulbous lower portion. In The Force Awakens, we saw that the design was mostly retained for the First Order stormtroopers, with a slightly more angular helmet design.
All of that was preceded by the Kaminoan-designed Republic clone troopers, as we first saw in The Phantom Menace. It was certainly a more primitive design, with an iconic T-shaped eye hole, that in its second phase took on the bulbous lower portion we’d see in the storm trooper. When the Empire was established, it took over the clone army, so for a time the stormtroopers wore that clone armor. But when humans began to be drafted into the troops, they needed a more flexible design to fit different body types, resulting in the armor we’ve seen in Episodes IV-VI and Rogue One.
Any authoritarian regime worth its salt has to control facts, because they don’t want the objective truth to reveal any possible weaknesses. They need to appear as though they’re the strongest power possible that offers the best life for its people. In order to control the public’s perception of what the facts are, they have to not only suppress the public’s faith in existing media, but eventually make their media the only media the public is consuming.
So it was for the Empire. The HoloNet was a communications system first used by the Republic, then taken over by the Empire to broadcast the HoloNet News. It was Tarkin’s idea to restrict the system for Empire use only, to broadcast its propaganda, after it was discovered that rebels were using it to organize their plans. Nevertheless, the Rebellion was still able to find a secret channel on the HoloNet to communicate plans to others within their uprising.
Return of the Jedi reveals that after the Rebels destroyed the second Death Star over the forest moon of Endor, the galaxy rejoiced. We saw joyful celebrations on planets all across the galaxy. We saw our heroes celebrating too, seemingly finally able to relax and enjoy an Ewok hoedown. The Emperor was dead, Darth Vader was dead and the Empire’s ultimate weapon was space dust, along with massive amounts of soldiers, officers and fighter ships. So it seemed that that was it for the Empire.
While it was certainly crippled to a near-fatal degree, the Empire wasn’t dead. There were planets that remained loyal to the Empire, and in the months that followed the death of the Emperor, many refused to acknowledge his death. In fact, the Empire played into that by hiring a lookalike for a time to give the illusion of order at the top of their ranks. The Aftermath series of novels has depicted this time in the Empire’s history, a trilogy that will conclude with Aftermath: Empire’s End, which will be published on February 21.
Palpatine established the Empire and was its first Emperor, but as we all know he kicked the bucket at the end of Return of the Jedi when his apprentice tossed him into a bottomless pit. That, along with the destruction of the second Death Star and everyone in it, created a bit of a stability problem at the top of the Empire’s command chain, to say the least. But there were other leaders after Palpatine, to various degrees, within canon.
The big, blue, horned alien Mas Amedda was Palpatine’s right-hand man and was the natural successor to Palpatine’s leadership duties, so he came first. But he was never fully recognized as Emperor and didn’t have a ton of power. For a time, Fleet Admiral Gallius Rax and Grand Admiral Rae Sloan were co-leaders of sorts. Rax was a conniving sort who often stayed behind the scenes, while Sloan was more visible to the public. Throughout the post-Palpatine era, there were a number of other, lesser pretenders and claimants to the throne.
Desperation is never an attractive trait. After the Battle of Endor, with the head cut off of the Empire via the Emperor’s death and the second Death Star’s destruction, things got decidedly unpretty for the Empire. As we described above, there was no real consistent leadership, and the New Republic was just too attractive next to the ruthlessness of the Empire, so they had less and less support throughout the galaxy.
How desperate did they get? About as desperate as it can get-- namely, suicide. Mas Amedda, as the de facto pseudo Emperor, became so desperate that at first he tried to turn himself in to the New Republic, but when they refused, insisting that he surrender the entire Empire, he seriously considered jumping off a balcony. Then, seemingly out of any other options, TIE fighter pilots embarked on suicide missions. When several Imperial officers went into hiding out of fear, the Empire was on its last legs.
One of the most jaw-dropping images from the trailer for The Force Awakens was the Star Destroyer wrecked on a desert planet. In the movie, we learn that that desert planet was Jakku, home of Rey. And elsewhere in canon we learn that that Star Destroyer was called Inflictor and that it crashed there during the Battle of Jakku about 25 years earlier.
The Empire had been held together with little more than spit and glue for five years after the Battle of Endor, when the New Republic finally landed their decisive blow over Jakku. The Empire’s lack of real leadership and depleted troops led to a messy defense and, while they made some early gains in the fight, ultimately the New Republic emerged victorious, as ships like the Inflictor crashed down into the desert planet. The Empire finally surrendered after negotiations on Coruscant, which was once again in Republic control.
When The Force Awakens hit screens a little over a year ago, we saw a group of new bad guys that looked an awful lot like the old group of bad guys. That is to say, the First Order looked very much like the Empire.
They had stormtroopers led in part by a dark-side Force wielder who loved to wear black, and other soldiers and officers wore very Nazi-esque uniforms. Also, reminiscent of the ceremony for the Emperor’s arrival in Return of the Jedi, the First Order held a massive, obsessively orderly ceremony in the mold of Nazi Germany, even featuring a speech by General Hux very reminiscent of a certain Nazi leader.
None of these similarities were coincidences, because the First Order emerged from the remains of the Empire. All the details of how it happened, though, we don’t yet know. Many questions remain. Who is the Emperor-like Snoke and how big of a role did he play in forming the First Order? Was Snoke a part of the Empire? How was the emergence of the First Order funded, with its huge military presence and an even deadlier superweapon than the two Death Stars (although we know part of the answer to this is Centrist New Republic senators who had admired the Empire)?
We should get answers to these questions in Episodes VIII and IX, plus books and comics that will surely be published around those films’ release.
Any other trivia to share about the Empire from Star Wars? Drop it in the comments!

domain: history


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Jim Fall to direct The Lizzie McGuire Movie
Out director Jim Fall (Trick) will direct the $15 million comedy The Lizzie McGuire Movie for Disney, Variety reports. The film is based on the popular Disney Channel series Lizzie McGuire and will star the show's Hilary Duff. Shooting is scheduled to begin October 14 for a spring 2003 release. Fall is also slated to direct the TV remake of Footloose for out producers Craig Zadan and Neil Meron.


Phillips, Horns eager to tackle last year’s defensive lapses
The thousand words that picture was worth were mostly of the four-letter variety.
At least to Adrian Phillips and his fellow Texas defensive backs.
The moment, frozen in time, came Oct. 13, 2012 in the Longhorns’ misadventure against Oklahoma. The burnt-orange futility of that 63-21 beatdown at the Cotton Bowl was captured when Sooners fullback Trey Millard caught a swing pass in the right flat on a play that probably should have gone for 5 or 6 yards at most.
Instead, Millard hurdled oncoming safety Mykkele Thompson, who dove for his ankles and missed. And Millard barely seemed to notice when, at the same time, Phillips threw his body into him, only to bounce off harmlessly.
Millard was off on a 73-yard catch and run that led to another OU touchdown.
It didn’t matter that Phillips was playing with his surgically-repaired shoulder in a brace that limited the range of motion in his arms. Instead, the play captured the image of a 2012 season, when the Longhorns’ defense struggled far too often to make routine tackles and wound up allowing more yards per game than any in school history.
“It’s not a good feeling, of course, when you see you’re showing up on the big-play tape, and the reason that touchdowns are happening is because you’re not making tackles,” Phillips said. “Of course you’re not going to have a good feeling about that.”
Texas — and Phillips — hopes to begin rectifying its image Saturday night when the No. 15 Longhorns open the season by hosting New Mexico State.
If the Longhorns are going to re-emerge as a national contender this season after a three-year plunge off the BCS radar, as coach Mack Brown has suggested, their secondary will play a vital role. The play of Phillips and cornerback Carrington Byndom — the two seniors among a deep group of about eight defensive backs that Texas feels comfortable with — will be a key, as both hope to rebound from unexpected sub-par junior seasons.
“We have a standard, and upholding that standard is just the thing,” Byndom said.
Theoretically, the standard that has given Texas the unofficial moniker of “DBU” shouldn’t be difficult to uphold Saturday.
The Aggies of first-year head coach Doug Martin are coming off a 1-11 season. Their starting quarterback, Andrew McDonald, appeared in only one game last year, completing 1 of his 3 attempts. Star receiver Austin Franklin, who caught 74 passes for 1,245 yards and nine touchdowns in 2012, recently was declared academically ineligible for 2013.
Nevertheless, NMSU gives the Longhorns their first opportunity for a game-condition barometric reading of where they stand on defense in general — and in the secondary specifically.
What Phillips has done in fall camp has been encouraging. He’s been aggressive, and his tackling has been sure.
“He’s a completely different player,” linebacker Jordan Hicks said.
Part of the reason for that, Hicks theorized, stems from that Phillips-Thompson misadventure play against Oklahoma’s Millard.
“I think that one play has given them a lot of motivation going into this year,” Hicks said.
After struggling early in the season, Phillips and the defense improved down the stretch. While the secondary finished a respectable third in the Big 12 against the pass in 2012, allowing 212 yards per game in the pass-happy league, the defense as a whole surrendered 404.2.
“Last year, statistically, we were the worst defense in Texas history,” Phillips said. “We kind of took that and ran with it. We want to be the best in the nation, the best in the world.”
While Phillips isn’t reticent about expressing his hopes for 2013, he remains reluctant to talk about the reasons for his struggles in 2012, specifically his shoulder injury.
“It’s not my job to sit there and make excuses,” he said. “The main thing is I was just missing tackles and I had to get that fixed. Whether I had a hurt shoulder or not, if I’m on the field I still have to make plays.”
Added cornerback Quandre Diggs: “We’ve been behind AP the whole time. We didn’t lose faith in him. With that sling, it was hard for him. He could barely reach up. It was hard for him to make those tackles. But I’m telling you, he’ll have a better year. It’ll be a great year for him.”
Phillips will start at safety with Thompson, and back up Diggs at nickelback. When Diggs is at nickel, either Duke Thomas or Sheroid Evans will fill his cornerback spot opposite Byndom.
Phillips is eager to see what transpires against the Aggies.
“This is the first game, so of course it’s the first taste of what everybody’s going to get from the Texas defense,” he said. “We want to make a good impression.”
15-TEXAS VS. NEW MEXICO STATE