2008 Ford F-250 Super Duty Review
2008 Ford F-250 Super Duty Review
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Used F-250 Super Duty for sale
Ford F-250 Super Duty model years
Ford F-250 Super Duty types
- Crew Cab
- Regular Cab
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- Refined ride and handling, smooth-shifting automatic transmission, available trail brake controller.
- Base V8 not as strong as base V8s in competing trucks.
The 2008 Ford F-250 Super Duty has been fully redesigned. Under the skin, a number of major upgrades take place. Ford says the chassis is stronger than before and now has a new type of coating for improved corrosion resistance. The rear suspension has also been tweaked to improve ride and handling without compromising capability. For power, there's an updated version of the PowerStroke diesel engine. It now displaces 6.4 liters and makes an impressive 350 horsepower and 650 pound-feet of torque. Also new this year are higher-grade cabin materials, a standard MP3 audio jack, available power telescoping/folding side mirrors and a unique, drop-down tailgate step that makes getting into the bed easier.
With this year's increase in output for the PowerStroke turbodiesel V8 and refinements to the cabin, the 2008 Ford F-250 Super Duty is back in the running for the heavy-duty pickup title.
Calculate my fuel costs
Cost to DriveCost to drive estimates for the 2008 Ford F-250 Super Duty Lariat 4dr Crew Cab 4WD LB (5.4L 8cyl 6M) and comparison vehicles are based on 15,000 miles per year (with a mix of 55% city and 45% highway driving) and energy estimates of N/A undefined in Virginia.
Monthly estimates based on costs in Virginia
F-250 Super Duty Lariat
Avg. Large Truck
For most folks, a half-ton pickup truck, such as Ford's own F-150, is more than adequate, easily handling the occasional hauling and towing chores Joe Suburbanite may throw at it. Transporting goods from Home Depot, moving the kid to college and towing a pair of jet skis or snowmobiles aren't a problem for a half-tonner. But for equestrians, owners of large boats and those who tow trailers that resemble rolling condos, a 3/4-ton pickup is a must. Ford's entry in this class is the 2008 F-250 Super Duty.
Although a capable and very popular workhorse, the outgoing Ford F-250 Super Duty was a dated design compared to the more recently revamped rivals from GM and Dodge.
The Ford's performance lagged behind and the cabin didn't offer the comfort, storage and luxurious feel of the newer trucks. For 2008, Ford has revamped the F-250 Super Duty pickup considerably, giving this sales chart superstar greater work capacity along with a much improved interior.
More than just the aggressive, in-your-face looks, the freshened front end styling brings a functional advantage. The higher hood, bigger grille and redesigned front bumper all allow more cool air to reach the radiator. Available behind that grille is a larger PowerStroke diesel engine. Now at 6.4 liters (versus 6.0 liters last year), the new engine has twin turbochargers -- a small one for quick response off the line and a larger one that kicks in to beef up the midrange.
A high-pressure common-rail fuel system with high-tech injectors is also new for the diesel; Ford says that because these injectors administer fuel in up to five metered spurts per combustion cycle rather than all at once, reliability is improved, emissions are reduced and the engine even runs quieter. Another benefit is quick startup -- this diesel can fire up in fewer than 2 seconds at minus-20-degrees F.
Supporting the new engine is a stronger frame. Ford says it's tougher than before thanks to new reinforcements and increased usage of high-strength steel. There's also a new rear suspension design; it's said to improve stability during acceleration, braking and cornering. It should also lower the truck's rear end for easier towing of tall gooseneck or fifth-wheel trailers.
Previously, we lauded the Fords heavy hauler for its work capacity and smooth ride and handling qualities, but took issue with its back-of-the-pack performance and cold interior ambience. This year's major improvements, namely the more potent PowerStroke engine and revamped cabin, go a long way toward putting the 2008 Ford F-250 Super Duty back near the top of the class.
Performance & mpg
There are three engine choices for the F-250 Super Duty: the standard 5.4-liter gasoline V8 (which makes 300 hp and 365 lb-ft of torque), an optional 6.8-liter V10 (362 hp and 457 lb-ft) and the most popular choice (and the one recommended for those who do serious hauling and towing), the available 6.4-liter PowerStroke turbodiesel V8, which now makes 350 hp and 650 lb-ft. Regardless of engine choice, buyers have a choice of transmission: a six-speed manual or a five-speed automatic and either two- or four-wheel drive.
Properly equipped, the 2008 Ford F-250 Super Duty can tow up to 12,500 pounds and handle a 23,500-pound Gross Combined Weight Rating (GCWR) when fitted with the optional 4.10 rear axle.
Antilock disc brakes are standard, but neither side- nor side-curtain airbags are available. Power-adjustable pedals are optional on XLT and Lariat models (equipped with automatic transmission), as are rear parking sensors.
Though we've driven the new Ford F-450 and come away impressed, we've yet to sample the 2008 Ford F-250. Check back later for specific F-250 commentary.
A rugged, industrial theme marks the revised cabin, and materials quality is improved over the previous truck. Chrome accents surround the gauges and air vents, while the new center stack puts controls in easier reach. Dual door pockets and a massive center console/armrest address our previous gripes about inadequate storage. In fact, the center console box is now big enough to accommodate a laptop and/or hanging files. In crew cabs, folding the rear seats up reveals a flip-out utility tray that keeps the load floor flat.
2008 Ford F-250 Super Duty models
The 2008 Ford F-250 Super Duty 3/4-ton pickup truck comes in Regular Cab, SuperCab (extended cab) and Crew Cab body styles. The SuperCab has a pair of small rear-opening rear doors, while the Crew Cab has four conventional full-size doors. SuperCabs and Crew Cabs are available with a short (6.75-foot) or long (8-foot) bed; regular cabs are long-bed only.
Four trim levels are offered: base XL, midlevel XLT, off-road oriented FX4 (4WD only) and luxurious Lariat. Regular cabs are available only in XL and XLT form. The XL is meant for those who just need a bare-bones work truck; it comes standard with plain vinyl upholstery, a basic AM/FM radio, 17-inch wheels and not much else. Additional comforts such as air-conditioning are optional, or one could move up to the XLT, which adds cloth upholstery, an MP3 audio jack, a 40/20/40 front bench, a CD player, cruise control, chrome wheels and full power accessories. The FX4 provides serious off-road hardware, including skid plates, heavy-duty shock absorbers, a limited-slip rear axle and a manual-shift transfer case. High-line Lariats come with features like 18-inch alloy wheels, leather upholstery, power front seats (driver-seat only on Regular Cab) and dual-zone automatic climate control. All trims come with a clever flip-down tailgate step that hides within the tailgate when stowed.
Depending on the trim, numerous options are available, such as reverse park assist, a navigation system, power folding and telescoping mirrors and a rear-seat DVD entertainment system. The XLT Sport package includes a monochrome treatment with color-matched bumpers and grille, foglamps, chrome step bars and privacy glass. The King Ranch package provides two-tone paint, 20-inch alloy wheels and fancy leather seating and trim inspired by a western saddle. Highly recommended for those who tow is the Tow Command system option, which seamlessly integrates the control of the trailer brakes with those on the truck.
Read what other owners think about the Used 2008 Ford F-250 Super Duty.
4.4 out of 5 stars
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Most helpful consumer reviews
2.63 out of 5 stars
2008 F250 Blown Motor
2008 Ford F-250 Super Duty XL 4dr Crew Cab 4WD SB (5.4L 8cyl 6M)
I kept reading post after post on the internet about the 6.4 and wondering if my day would come? Well here it is. My $58,000 truck with 126,000 miles on it, with no warning except for the temp. gauge climbing, which I immediately pulled over and stopped trashed the motor. Guess I knew after Ford adandoned the motor after only three years I was in trouble. Shame on you Ford!! Thanks for … no help and a $17,000 repair bill..........
3.63 out of 5 stars
Warning of issue with Ford Diesel Engines
2008 Ford F-250 Super Duty FX4 4dr Crew Cab 4WD LB (5.4L 8cyl 6M)
Ford corporate recently told us that we need to test the diesel fuel every time before filling up our 2008 Ford diesel F250. This occurred after contaminants were found in the fuel and we now have up to $12k in damages. The truck has less than 70k miles and this is the second time this has occurred (first at 24k). Truck still under warranty. No abnormal driving, primarily highway and … occassional pulling of a 3 horse gooseneck trailer. All scheduled maintenance, including fuel filters, was regularly performed by a Ford Dealer. No warning lights came on before engine shut down. Through postings on diesel forums and leasing associations, we are hearing this is not an uncommon problem.
5 out of 5 stars
2008 F-250 Super Duty 6.4 Desial Super Cab Great Vehicle After Non Factory Additions
Laurence R. Compton, 04/06/2015
2008 Ford F-250 Super Duty XLT 4dr SuperCab SB (5.4L 8cyl 6M)
I bought this vehicle used in 2009 with 32,000 miles in the XLT trim. The vehicle had a bad front end and lousey fuel mileage. I knew this when I purchased the vehicle. I have invested in a chip to improve fuel mileage along with a banks air filter and magpro exhaust system which improved fuel mileage from 12 to 18/20 mph. Different tires also helped improve fuel mileage. I installed … heavy duty air shocks and replaced the front springs with heaover springs and stabilizer bar to the front end. I also installed side step bars, tool box, backup camera, fog lights and trailer brake and other items. This was cheaper than buying a more expensive vehicle from the dealer
4.88 out of 5 stars
Good ol' Truck
Mike Bowman, 03/10/2015
2008 Ford F-250 Super Duty FX4 4dr Crew Cab 4WD LB (5.4L 8cyl 6M)
I now have just under 130,000 miles on this truck and I have hauled tons and tons of rock, 5th wheel, and a car. I have had nothing but great performance, no repairs, and perfect reliability. I have the V8 and it has been able to haul everything including a couple of times overloaded with ease.
2008 F-250 Super Duty Highlights
|Drivetrain||rear wheel drive|
|Towing & Hauling||12,500 lbs.|
|Warranty||3 years / 36,000 miles|
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More about the 2008 Ford F-250 Super Duty
Used 2008 Ford F-250 Super Duty Overview
The Used 2008 Ford F-250 Super Duty is offered in the following submodels: F-250 Super Duty Crew Cab, F-250 Super Duty SuperCab, F-250 Super Duty Regular Cab. Available styles include Lariat 4dr Crew Cab 4WD LB (5.4L 8cyl 6M), XLT 4dr Crew Cab 4WD LB (5.4L 8cyl 6M), FX4 4dr Crew Cab 4WD LB (5.4L 8cyl 6M), XLT 4dr SuperCab 4WD LB (5.4L 8cyl 6M), Lariat 4dr Crew Cab 4WD SB (5.4L 8cyl 6M), FX4 4dr SuperCab 4WD LB (5.4L 8cyl 6M), XL 2dr Regular Cab 4WD LB (5.4L 8cyl 6M), Lariat 4dr SuperCab 4WD LB (5.4L 8cyl 6M), XL 2dr Regular Cab LB (5.4L 8cyl 6M), XLT 2dr Regular Cab 4WD LB (5.4L 8cyl 6M), XL 4dr SuperCab 4WD LB (5.4L 8cyl 6M), XL 4dr SuperCab LB (5.4L 8cyl 6M), XLT 4dr Crew Cab LB (5.4L 8cyl 6M), XLT 4dr Crew Cab 4WD SB (5.4L 8cyl 6M), FX4 4dr Crew Cab 4WD SB (5.4L 8cyl 6M), Lariat 4dr Crew Cab LB (5.4L 8cyl 6M), XLT 4dr SuperCab LB (5.4L 8cyl 6M), XLT 4dr SuperCab 4WD SB (5.4L 8cyl 6M), XL 4dr Crew Cab 4WD LB (5.4L 8cyl 6M), XL 4dr Crew Cab LB (5.4L 8cyl 6M), FX4 4dr SuperCab 4WD SB (5.4L 8cyl 6M), Lariat 4dr SuperCab 4WD SB (5.4L 8cyl 6M), XLT 2dr Regular Cab LB (5.4L 8cyl 6M), XL 4dr SuperCab 4WD SB (5.4L 8cyl 6M), XL 4dr SuperCab SB (5.4L 8cyl 6M), XLT 4dr Crew Cab SB (5.4L 8cyl 6M), Lariat 4dr Crew Cab SB (5.4L 8cyl 6M), XLT 4dr SuperCab SB (5.4L 8cyl 6M), XL 4dr Crew Cab 4WD SB (5.4L 8cyl 6M), XL 4dr Crew Cab SB (5.4L 8cyl 6M), Lariat 4dr SuperCab LB (5.4L 8cyl 6M), and Lariat 4dr SuperCab SB (5.4L 8cyl 6M). Pre-owned Ford F-250 Super Duty models are available with a 5.4 L-liter gas engine, with output up to 300 hp, depending on engine type. The Used 2008 Ford F-250 Super Duty comes with four wheel drive. Available transmissions include: 6-speed manual.
What's a good price on a Used 2008 Ford F-250 Super Duty?
Shop with Edmunds for perks and special offers on used cars, trucks, and SUVs near Ashburn, VA. Doing so could save you hundreds or thousands of dollars. Edmunds also provides consumer-driven dealership sales and service reviews to help you make informed decisions about what cars to buy and where to buy them.
Which used 2008 Ford F-250 Super Duties are available in my area?
Shop Edmunds' car, SUV, and truck listings of over 6 million vehicles to find a cheap new, used, or certified pre-owned (CPO) 2008 Ford F-250 Super Duty for sale near. There are currently 1 used and CPO 2008 F-250 Super Duties listed for sale in your area, with list prices as low as $16,995 and mileage as low as 85551 miles. Simply research the type of car you're interested in and then select a used car from our massive database to find cheap prew-owned vehicles for sale near you. Once you have identified a used vehicle you're interested in, check the AutoCheck vehicle history reports, read dealer reviews, and find out what other owners paid for the Used 2008 Ford F-250 Super Duty.
Can't find a used 2008 Ford F-250 Super Dutys you want in your area? Consider a broader search.
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Should I lease or buy a 2008 Ford F-250 Super Duty?
Is it better to lease or buy a car? Ask most people and they'll probably tell you that car buying is the way to go. And from a financial perspective, it's true, provided you're willing to make higher monthly payments, pay off the loan in full and keep the car for a few years. Leasing, on the other hand, can be a less expensive option on a month-to-month basis. It's also good if you're someone who likes to drive a new car every three years or so.
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Check out Ford F-250 Super Duty lease specials
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text:
Everyday staff are on hand to ensure your important needs are met. Safety for you and your car as well as transit to/from the airport as quick as possible are critical service factors.
The carpark is near the airport and easily accessible from the nearby towns and regional areas via the major road network.
There is plenty of available capacity to accommodate customers with secure competitively priced outdoor parking
Free shuttle service
There is a free air conditioned 'on-demand' shuttle service. Once you have parked your car you will be taken to the airport terminal.
When you return from your journey, please call us after you have claimed your baggage and proceed to the pick-up point. We will be there promptly to take you to your car.
Minutes to terminal
A prompt and reliable way of reaching your flight on time with our on demand shuttle operating to/from the terminal
Carpark Arrival/Departure Date & Time
For airport arrival time it is recommend that you arrive 1 hour prior to departure of your flight. Ensure you have made an allowance for parking and check in at the carpark as well as transit to the terminal so you arrive in sufficient time for airline seat allocation, luggage check in and boarding your flight
When you enter the carpark just park your car then proceed to reception to facilitate transit to the terminal. Your car will be allocated to storage parking and be easily accessible to you on your return
Travelling with children
If you are travelling with young children that require safety seating - please drop them at the airport terminal FIRST, with an accompanying adult, before you access the car park. There is no provision for adequate child safety seating in the shuttle vans.
24 hour surveillance
Committed staff conduct regular patrols of the carpark and this is complemented by random patrols through professional security personnel and varying electronic systems.

domain: travel


Turbocharged Flex Fuel Vehicles with Virtual Ethanol Content Identification 2017-36-0241
The identification of fuel blends using software strategies and the oxygen sensor are widely known for flex fuel and naturally aspirated engines in Brazil, since its first launch in 2003. It represents a cost effective alternative to identify the ethanol content in the fuel, which is being used in the combustion, with an accurate performance and reduced complexity. With the introduction of flex fuel vehicles equipped with turbocharger, especially the ones with Direct Injection (DI) technology, an ethanol sensor as an additional product has been used so far to identify the ethanol content in the fuel blend. Such engine types may be more sensitive to fuel mixture deviations, since it works with higher loads, more combustion chamber pressure and an extended temperature range in comparison with the normally aspirated applications. Due to these reasons, worst-case scenarios with high ethanol content deviation could cause damage to the engine and exhaust hardware. This paper aims to analyze the challenges of different system architectures and to present the results of adopting a fuel blend identification strategy in a flex fuel turbocharged engine without an ethanol sensor, such as its accuracy and performance.


text:
We Should All Take A Minute To Think About How Amazing Teachers Are
As we receive more and more witness details about the horrific shooting in Newtown, Connecticut – there seems to be a detail that everyone agrees on. The teachers and administrators of the school acted heroically and certainly prevented even more senseless deaths. They remind us how important teachers are in the lives of our children.
I remember the trust I had in my teachers when I was a small child. They almost began to feel like a member of my family for the years that I was in their charge. Having been away from that environment for so long, it’s easy to forget all the roles that teachers play for children – the comfort that they bring.
When the countless stories of teachers selflessly protecting their students started pouring in, they didn’t really faze me. Logically, I know that teachers care for their students. But when you really think about the situation that these men and women were in – can you be absolutely sure that you would be as selfless as they were? These teachers acted with an amazing amount of bravery – putting there own lives after those of their students.
There is the story of the music teacher who saved the lives of 15 students by hiding them in the closet and barricading the door. Then there is first-grade teacherÂ Kaitlyn Roig, whoÂ told ABC she rushed 15 kids into one bathroom and barricaded to the door to keep the kids safe after shooting erupted.Â â€œIt was horrific,â€ she said. â€œI didnâ€™t think we were going to live.â€ Then there is the story of Victoria Soto, whose final moments were spent ushering children into a closet. The Daily News reports that her cousin, Jim Wiltsie, told ABC news she was found “huddled over her children, her students, doing instinctively what she knew was the right thing.”
There were countless other teachers and administrators who kept the children calm and ushered them safely out of the school when the coast was finally clear. In theory, we realize we are entrusting teachers with the lives of our children. But it’s never been made as abundantly clear as it was yesterday. Teachers don’t just dole out lesson plans, they care for our kids. In some cases – as we saw yesterday – they put the lives of our children before their own.

domain: sociology


text:
What Exactly Is Substance Abuse?
Image via Dr. Ananya Mandal, MD
You should not underestimate the dangers of substance usage. It happens when you use alcohol, prescription medication, and other legal and illegal substances excessively or incorrectly.
Addiction is not the same as substance misuse. Many people who have drug abuse problems are able to quit or adjust their destructive habit. Addiction, on the other hand, is a sickness. It means you can’t quit utilising even if your condition is causing you damage.
Substance abuse, often known as drug abuse, is defined as the use of a drug in quantities or ways that are harmful to the user or others. It is a type of substance abuse disorder. Drug abuse is defined differently in public health, medicine, and the criminal justice system.
Criminal or anti-social behaviour may occur in some situations when a person is under the influence of a drug, and long-term personality changes in individuals may also occur. In addition to potential physical, social, and psychological harm, the use of some drugs may result in criminal consequences, which vary greatly depending on the local jurisdiction.
Drugs That Are Commonly Abused
Both legal and illegal medicines contain substances that can alter how your body and mind function. They can provide a nice “high,” alleviate tension, or assist you in avoiding problems in your life.
Alcohol, amphetamines, barbiturates, benzodiazepines, cannabis, cocaine, and hallucinogens are the drugs most commonly linked with this word. The precise root of substance abuse is unknown, but there are two leading theories: a hereditary susceptibility or a learned habit that, if addiction develops, manifests as a chronic disabling disease.
Image via Kathleen Hall
Everyone is affected differently by alcohol. However, if you drink excessively and frequently, your chances of injury or accident increase. Heavy drinking can also cause liver and other health issues, as well as lead to a more serious alcohol disorder.
You’re drinking too much if you have more than four drinks on any given day or more than 14 in a week as a guy. Heavy drinking for women is defined as more than three drinks in one day or more than seven drinks per week.
One of the drinks is:
12 ounces normal beer
8-9 ounces malt liquor (stronger than beer)
5 ounces of wine
1 1/2 ounces distilled alcohol such as vodka or whisky
Medicine, both prescription and over-the-counter (OTC).
These have the potential to be just as harmful and addictive as illegal substances. You can become addicted to medication if you:
- Take medication that was prescribed for someone else.
- Take extra doses or utilise a medicine in a way that is not recommended.
- Take the medication for a non-medical reason.
Prescription medicines that are commonly abused include:
- Opioid analgesics
- Stimulant drugs are those that are used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.
- Anxiety and sleep aids
- Cough and cold medications containing dextromethorphan, which can make you feel drunk or intoxicated in high dosages, are the most widely abused OTC pharmaceuticals.
Image via Buddy T
Nicotine is the most abused substance in the world. Despite the fact that smoking has fallen in recent years, it is believed that 40 million Americans are nonetheless addicted to nicotine, despite its well-publicized negative effects.
Again, just because something is legal does not imply it cannot be exploited. The fact that the detrimental health effects of nicotine take a long time to show may contribute to the widespread use of tobacco.
Caffeine is the most regularly used mood-altering medication in the world, while nicotine is the most abused. Yes, too much caffeine is bad for your health.
Caffeine usage has also been linked to a number of mental illnesses, including caffeine-induced sleep disorder and caffeine-induced anxiety disorder, according to research. Caffeine use should be reduced or eliminated for people with generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, primary insomnia, and gastroesophageal reflux.
Designer drugs and synthetic drugs, such as bath salts and synthetic marijuana, are not (yet) illegal, although they can be abused and are potentially more hazardous than other narcotics.
Other designer medications that are frequently abused are:
- PCP Rohypnol (dating rape drugs)
Despite the fact that anabolic steroids do not have any mood-altering or intoxicating qualities, they can nevertheless be abused. Because of the harmful side effects of steroid use, using anabolic steroids to improve performance or increase muscle and strength is considered abusive. In some circumstances, these might vary from merely irritating to life-threatening. Substance abuse occurs when the usage of a substance can cause harm. Almost any substance, in theory, can be abused.
According to Philip Jenkins, the word “drug abuse” has two problems. To begin, the definition of “drug” is controversial. For example, GHB, a naturally occurring substance in the central nervous system, is classified as a drug and is outlawed in many countries, yet nicotine is not classified as a drug in the majority of countries.
Second, the term “abuse” implies that any substance has a recognised standard of use. In most Western countries, drinking a glass of wine every now and then is regarded acceptable, however drinking several bottles is considered excessive. Drinking even one glass would be considered an abuse by strict temperance advocates, who may or may not be religiously motivated.
In the United States, narcotics are legally classified into five schedules: I, II, III, IV, or V under the Controlled Substances Act. The medications are categorised based on their propensity for abuse. The use of certain medicines is strongly linked.
For example, the consumption of seven illicit drugs (amphetamines, cannabis, cocaine, ecstasy, legal highs, LSD, and magic mushrooms) is correlated, and the Pearson correlation coefficient r>0.4 in every pair of them; cannabis consumption is strongly correlated (r>0.5) with nicotine (tobacco) usage, heroin consumption is correlated with cocaine (r>0.4) and methadone (r>0.45), and crack consumption is strongly correlated (r>0.5).
Abuse of drugs
In the United States, prescription medication use is quickly approaching criminal drug use. In 2010, 7 million people were consuming prescription medicines for nonmedical purposes, according to the National Institute on Drug Abuse. Nonmedical prescription drug use is now second only to cannabis among 12th students. In 2011, “almost one in every twelve high school seniors reported nonmedical use of Vicodin; one in every twenty reported such use of OxyContin.” Both of these medications contain opioids.
According to a 2017 study of 12th students in the United States, 2.7 percent overuse OxyContin, compared to 5.5 percent at its peak in 2005. Misuse of the hydrocodone/paracetamol combination was at its lowest level since 2003, when it peaked at 10.5 percent. This drop could be attributed to public health activities and a reduction in availability.
Law enforcement is increasingly holding physicians accountable for prescribing banned narcotics without fully establishing patient controls, such as a “drug contract” with the patient. Concerned doctors are learning how to recognize medication-seeking behaviour in their patients and are getting acquainted with “red flags” that would alert them to potential prescription drug addiction.
Image via addiction
Several evidence-based approaches have evolved from the applied behaviour analytic literature, behavioural psychology, and randomised clinical trials: behavioural marital therapy, motivational interviewing, community reinforcement approach, exposure therapy, and contingency management. They aid in the suppression of cravings and mental worry, the improvement of concentration on treatment and new learning behavioural skills, the alleviation of withdrawal symptoms, and the reduction of the likelihood of relapse.
For the treatment of substance misuse disorders in children and adolescents, cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and family therapy currently have the most research evidence.
Furthermore, brief school-based treatments have been shown to be successful in reducing teenage alcohol and cannabis use and misuse. Motivational interviewing can also be used to treat teenagers with substance abuse disorders.
Image via Marissa Selner
A number of drugs have been licenced for the treatment of substance dependence. These include buprenorphine and methadone replacement therapy, as well as antagonist drugs like disulfiram and naltrexone in either short or long acting forms. Several other drugs, many of which were first used in different situations, have also been proved to be beneficial, including bupropion and modafinil. Methadone and buprenorphine are sometimes used to treat opiate addiction. These medicines are used as alternatives for other opioids and still cause withdrawal symptoms, but they help with the tapering off process in a regulated manner.
Antipsychotic drugs have not been found to be effective. Acamprostate is a glutamatergic NMDA antagonist that helps with alcohol withdrawal symptoms since alcohol withdrawal is connected with a hyperglutamatergic system.
Individuals with a substance use disorder are likely to have other psychological issues. The terms “dual diagnosis” or “co-occurring disorders” relate to having both a mental health and a substance use disorder at the same time. According to the British Association for Psychopharmacology (BAP), “symptoms of mental illnesses such as sadness, anxiety, and psychosis are the rule rather than the exception among individuals who misuse drugs and/or alcohol.”
Image via Affordable Care Act
Policymakers attempt to understand the relative costs of drug-related measures. An acceptable drug policy is based on an assessment of drug-related public expenditure based on a classification system in which expenses are appropriately identified.
Drug-related expenditures are defined as direct planned spending that demonstrates the state’s voluntary participation in the sector of illicit substances. Direct public expenditures expressly designated as drug-related can be easily tracked back by thoroughly analysing official accounting documents such as national budgets and year-end reports. Unlabeled expenditure is unplanned spending that is estimated using modelling tools and a top-down budgetary procedure. This approach estimates the fraction of overall aggregated spending that is causally due to substance addiction (Unlabeled Drug-related Expenditure = Overall Expenditure Attributable Proportion).
To estimate the jail drug-related expenses in a certain country, for example, two components would be required: the overall prison expenditures in the country for a given period, and the attributable fraction of inmates due to drug-related concerns. The result of the two will be an approximate estimate that may be compared across countries.
Manifestations and symptoms
Drug misuse, including alcohol abuse, can result in health problems, social problems, morbidity, injuries, unprotected sex, violence, deaths, motor vehicle accidents, homicides, suicides, physical dependency, or psychological addiction, depending on the compound.
Alcoholics and other drug addicts commit suicide at a high rate. Long-term alcohol and other drug misuse, which causes physiological brain chemical distortion, as well as social isolation, are thought to raise the risk of suicide.
Suicide is also quite common in teenage alcohol drinkers, accounting for one in every four suicides in adolescents. In the United States, alcohol misuse is responsible for around 30% of suicides. Alcoholism has also been linked to an increase in the likelihood of committing criminal offences such as child abuse, domestic violence, rapes, burglaries, and assaults.
Drug misuse, including alcohol and prescription pharmaceuticals, can cause symptoms similar to mental illness. This can happen when drunk as well as during withdrawal.
Substance-induced psychiatric illnesses, such as persistent psychosis or depression after amphetamine or cocaine misuse, might remain long after abstinence in some circumstances. A protracted withdrawal syndrome can also develop, with symptoms lasting months after the drug has been stopped.
During intoxication, cannabis may produce panic attacks, and long-term use may result in a state comparable to dysthymia. Researchers discovered that both daily cannabis usage and high-potency cannabis use are independently linked to an increased risk of developing schizophrenia and other psychotic diseases.
Sustained alcohol addiction frequently causes severe anxiety and sadness. Even modest alcohol use might induce anxiety and depression in some people. In most cases, these drug-induced psychological illnesses resolve with prolonged abstinence. Similarly, while substance misuse causes many changes in the brain, there is evidence that many of these changes are reversed after periods of sustained sobriety.
Evaluation and screening
The screening and assessment of substance use behaviour is critical for diagnosing and treating substance use disorders. Screeners are used to detect people who have or may be at risk of developing a substance use disorder. They are usually quick to administer. Assessments are performed to help determine the right treatment by clarifying the nature of the substance use behaviour. Assessments typically necessitate specialised knowledge and take more time to administer than screeners.
Given that addiction causes structural changes in the brain, non-invasive magnetic resonance imaging may one day be used to help identify addiction.
A Thought from Very-well
Image via Shilpa Sarkar
Is your substance abuse causing you harm? If you believe this is the case for you, you are not alone. According to the most recent estimates, around 27.1 million Americans—roughly one in every ten people—misuse substances.
In 2015, an estimated 21.7 million people required substance abuse treatment, but only three million received it.
Talk to your doctor about your treatment choices if you use substances for recreational purposes, misuse prescription medications, or take substances to become inebriated.

domain: medical


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You're leaving Wedding Paper Divas to see the Deal of the Day at our parent site, Tiny Prints.
"Very professional looking postcards with a great layout if you can't pick only one photo to have on your Thank YOu cards. And if you're thinking of sending it overseas (like we did) and want to protect the front pictures, add A2 envelopes to your order as they fit the postcards perfectly."
"I love the heavy stock of the card's paper. It feels so professional and well made. The envelopes are a little thin/flimsy, but the card makes up for it."
"The design was beautiful and the site was extremely user-friendly! the quality of the postcard was great and the service and delivery surpassed our expectations! They were affordable and most of all our guests loved them and we've heard nothing but positive feedback!"
"Having already purchased stationary for my recent wedding, the "Thank You" cards were a no-brainer. This design is a perfect way to show off the theme of your wedding. I love that you can include several pictures, since it's so hard to choose! The quality is spectacular, and the delivery time is un-matched. It was purchased on a wednesday and arrived on the monday (I live in Canada!). Amazing. I've never been disappointed with this website, and I've purchased multiple products. Great choice."
"So pretty! Paper quality is great, really nice texture that is easy to write on. Black ink looks nice against the Ecru. Perfect amount of writing space for wedding thank you card. Love the personal touch with both our names."

domain: artistic


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May 12, 2012, 10:20 AM EDT
Former Cardinals manager Tony La Russa had his No. 10 retired in a ceremony prior to last night’s game against the Braves.
La Russa was joined by a select group of friends, former players and colleagues for the occasion, including Tom Seaver, Dennis Eckersley, Dave Stewart, Walt Jocketty and Joe Torre. He was awarded with a key to the city by Mayor Francis Slay during the ceremony and the team unveiled a decal with his likeness on the left center field wall.
La Russa is the 13th person to have his number retired by the Cardinals, joining Stan Musial, Ozzie Smith, Bob Gibson, Lou Brock, Red Schoendienst, Enos Slaughter, Dizzy Dean, Ken Boyer, Whitey Herzog, Auggie Busch, Bruce Sutter, Jack Buck, and Jackie Robinson.
In 16 seasons at the helm in St. Louis, La Russa compiled a 1,408-1,182 record and led the Cardinals to two World Series championships, three pennants, seven division titles and eight playoff appearances. He walked away last fall ranked third all-time in managerial wins (2,728) behind behind only Connie Mack and John McGraw.
- 2015 Preview: Chicago White Sox 15
- Did David Ortiz admit to more than he realized with his Players’ Tribune editorial? 81
- 2015 Preview: Atlanta Braves 15
- David Ortiz: “Nobody in MLB history has been tested for PEDs more than me” 115
- 2015 Preview: Chicago Cubs 14
- Unsigned 2014 No. 1 overall pick Brady Aiken undergoes Tommy John surgery 61
- 2015 Preview: Seattle Mariners 15
- Cardinals add “OT” patch for Oscar Taveras 76
- Ex-Cardinals outfielder Curt Ford was assaulted in St. Louis and told to “go back to Ferguson” (116)
- College baseball player cut after making offensive tweet about Mo’ne Davis (115)
- David Ortiz: “Nobody in MLB history has been tested for PEDs more than me” (115)
- Rob Manfred says it would be hard to reinstate Pete Rose in a limited way (89)
- Mo’ne Davis says college ballplayer who wrote an offensive tweet about her deserves a second chance (88)

domain: sports


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|TODAY IN MALTESE HISTORY|
|Produced exclusively for aboutmalta.com by Mario Axiaq |
Contributors: Martin Debattista, Lorraine Duca, Pierre J. Mejlak, Darrell Pace, Amante Sant, Toni Sant
Contact us with your suggestions and comments.
|On this day in history ...|
- 1961 - Grain silo in Grand Harbour inaugurated when the cargo ship Ferengulf brings 8,000 tons of grain to Malta from Australia.
- 1963 - British tanker Randhatain enters Malta Drydocks after catching fire on the 28th of July about 140 miles off Malta.
- 1975 - Agreement signed for transfer to Telemalta of Rediffusion (Malta) Group of Companies.
- 1976 - Inauguration of Intensive Therapy Unit (I.T.U.) at St. Luke's Hospital.
- 1979 - Press reporters were hurt when attacked by persons from the Strangers Gallery of the House of Representatives during a debate on a no-confidence motion in the speaker of the house.
- 1980 - A thirty year old man from Kirkop, Leonard Debono, is found dead under a bridge at Wied ic-Cawsli near Qormi. He had been in the custody of the police but had allegedly escaped during the night from the Police Headquarters in Floriana.
- 1980 - Fire breaks out in water distillation plant at Hondoq ir-Rummien, Gozo.
|Famous birthdays for this day ...|
- 1820 - Salvatore Naudi, Judge
- 1931 - Lino John German, Obstetrician
- 1950 - Mario Schembri, Footballer (Malta/Sliema Wanderers/Zurrieq)
- 1960 - Carmel Bonello, Artist
- 1977 - Gaetano Farrugia, Footballer (Hamrun Spartans)
|Famous deaths for this day ...|
- 1938 - Salvatore Cassar, Professor of Surgery, dies at 77
- 1941 - Alfons Maria Galea, Philantopist, dies at 80
- 1950 - Carmelo Mamo, Trade Unionist, dies at 80
- 1965 - Luigi Preziosi, Ophthalmologist, dies at 77
- 1970 - Reggie Miller, General Workers' Union founder

domain: history


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On Wednesday, Feb. 13 at 7:30 p.m., the Photo Club of Long Island will host a talk by fine art photographer Pamela Waldroup at the Port Washington Library.
In her talk, “Interactions Made Visible… It’s All in the Details,” Waldroup will show viewers how she uses texture, form, dark shadows and patterns to guide viewers to see what often goes unobserved.
Originally from the Midwest, Waldroup continues to document her East Coast experience with a newcomer’s fascination for detail. Of her photography, she says it is about hyper-focusing on the subject to solidify her experience and prompt a memory — real or imagined — to surface both for herself and the viewer.
Working primarily in black and white, Waldroup says she has been inspired by Edward Weston, one of the masters of 20th century photography, to create images of dynamic movement that often take on a sculptural quality. The absence of color allows the viewer to become immersed in the place, mood and time depicted, but leaves room for personal interpretation and imagination as well.
Waldroup taught darkroom and digital photography, as well as fine arts, for 32 years while successfully exhibiting her work and the work of students in many local and regional venues. A member of fotofoto Gallery in Huntington and the National Association of Women Artists in New York City, Waldroup has exhibited in the metropolitan area in galleries and museums, including the Alex Ferrone Gallery, Salmagundi Art Club in NYC, 440 Gallery in Brooklyn, fotofoto Gallery, East End Arts Gallery, Patchogue Arts Council Gallery, Mills Pond House Gallery, Main Street Gallery, Art League of Long Island, Long Island Museum, the 2018 L.I. Biennial at Heckscher Museum of Art, and her photographs have been accepted for exhibit at the EXPO 38 Winners Exhibition at b.j. Spoke gallery in March.
The Photography Club of Long Island, formerly known as the Port Washington Camera Club, was founded in 1975 and hosts free monthly programs at the Port Washington Public Library as a community service from September through June each year. For more information, visit www.pcliphoto.org. The Photography Club of Long Island is a 501(c)(3) art education organization.

domain: library


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The Baltic Exchange
The first 'BREEAM OUTSANDING' Listed Building Retrofit in the City of London
Baltic Exchange Holdings
''...Matt White of MATT Architecture reveals how the practice has parked plans to build a 44-storey tower on the site of the Baltic Exchange and opted instead for a ‘deep refurbishment’ of the listed 1920s City headquarters.''
RetroFirst stories, Architect's Journal
Having been almost destroyed by the IRA’s tragic 1992 bombing of the original Baltic Exchange building next door, in which 3 people died, the Grade II listed building includes a decorative Portland Stone façade to St Mary Axe by Sir Edwin Cooper (who was also responsible for the 1920’s façade retained within Richard Rogers’ Lloyds building nearby). The ‘secondary’ façade to Bury Court is much less ornate and was originally concealed by buildings which have now been removed.
Our proposals re-imagine how the original architect might have designed this ‘secondary’ façade as a ‘primary’ façade - had he been presented with the civic space now surrounding the base of the Gherkin. This means adding more assertive architectural elements, for example new projecting dormers to the roof, and reinforcing a latent symmetry in the design by creating a new glazed ‘notch’ between the Bury Court and St Mary Axe elevations.
The ‘notch’ also re-introduces natural light into the deepest part of the building plan and enables the creation of balconies on every floor of the building – providing external amenity space for the well-being of occupants.

domain: design


Lucie’s claycourt season of 2011 in a few words
The claycourt season was not as successful as the hard court season for Lucie. She has reached already two finals this season on hard court. During the hard court season 2011 the Quarterfinal at the WTA Tier I Tournament in Madrid has been her best result. She beat world number 7 Jelena Jankovic, from Serbia, 6-4 4-6 7-5 in the second round and was stopped by world number 4 Victoria Azarenka in the Quarterfinal with 3-6 6-3 3-6.
Bastad was her last tournament on clay so far and Lucie is heading now to the States for the hard court tournaments.


Precursor is the first prototype chair. The final version will have all 3d printed parts (Including a printed cushion) and a higher back. The cushion has already been tested.
A few posts in 3d printing Facebook groups have shown flat masses made by melting shredded failed prints and filament scraps. I do not want to melt PLA in my oven due to the fumes that would be generated, so I never tried, despite wanting to recycle prints instead of throwing them away. Having large, … Continue reading Can A Solar Oven Melt Failed Prints?


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A young farmer with reduced mobility used support from the Rural Development Programme (RDP) to expand his organic lavender farm and create jobs for people with disabilities.
Projects & Practice
A young female farmer used RDP support to install a cow herd management system which improved the economic and animal welfare performance of the farm.
A company offering agricultural services to farmers used RDP support to acquire a new combine harvester and a nitrogen testing equipment which regulates the amount of fertiliser applied across the entire crop.
A series of seminars to create opportunities for formal and tacit knowledge transfer between experienced farmers and newcomers to agriculture.

domain: agronomy


It seems like most of the digital advances in cities have been invisible and focused on city operations, rather than on the parts of the city that people can see, touch, and use. Sure, it’s important that city managers can better identify water leaks, or more accurately predict the likelihood of a building failing an inspection, but there isn’t a direct, personal, benefit to city dwellers. So it’s understandable that some people feel like there hasn’t been much progress.
The reason that we, as city dwellers, haven’t been wowed by transformative Smart City applications is that Smart Cities are boring. It’s the same reason people’s faces don’t light up at the thought of a data warehouse (ok, settle down, nerds). Smart Cities are just a means to an end; a step along the road to truly digital cities.
In order to evolve into a city that fully realizes the potential of the internet, delivering real, tangible benefits to its inhabitants, cities will go through three phases: 1) They first need to collect data about their environment, 2) They need to process that data, and finally, 3) They need to take corresponding real-time action. My shorthand is: See, Think, Do.
See – The Instrumented City
For the last couple decades, we’ve been living in an Instrumented City. Sensors upon sensors upon sensors – everything’s got a sensor, from the front door to your office to the bikeshare dock, to the traffic light on the corner. Everything is being quantified, and this is the foundation of any future city developments. In order to change something, you need to first be able to measure it.<
Think – The Smart City
So what do we do with this data? This is where companies like IBM, GE, and AT&T have been focusing their efforts over the past few years. In the Smart City, insights are derived from the data generated in the Instrumented City. This is done using data platforms, algorithms, and data science, and allows us to not only understand what we measured, but also why it matters.
We can start building correlations and causations, creating models to predict and test human behavior, and gaining insights into why things happened and how change might be affected. AI will start to play a larger role in analyzing massive amount of data and developing understanding of what’s happening in the city. But it’s all fairly “back-office” at this point. Think of it as the internet before everyone had email, or web 1.0 sites. Yeah, it’s important and it’s changing how the world works, but why should I care? What can I do?
Do – The Responsive City
Now, this is where things get interesting, when things start to actually happen, and where people will notice and feel the difference. It’s the stage with the most opportunity for development and new products. The Responsive City is one that, as the name suggests, responds to the needs, wants, and desires of its citizens; whether they’re workers, residents, or visitors. All this is done in real time, and it’s active and rich with applications.
Building upon the data generated in the Instrumented City and the insights developed in the Smart City, The Responsive City is like an app layer on top of hardware, data, and base services.
In cities, these apps will be focused on manipulating infrastructure or influencing behavior to dynamically optimize the city for any number of outcomes; safety, convenience, efficiency – but also discovery, joy, community. All of this helps support what makes cities great in the first place – engaged citizens of diverse backgrounds sharing a common space in time.
This all relies on digital, controllable, infrastructure, and that’s coming quickly. Uber and Lyft are examples of connected cars that preposition themselves based on anticipated transportation needs.
Digital screens and dynamic street furniture are early examples of responsive infrastructure as well – with the potential to act like an Augmented Reality layer for the city, these products superimpose real-time information over the streetscape to inform or influence the population, and to help them in any number of ways; citizens can better move through the city, explore all that the city has to offer, and be alerted to emergencies in real time, to take just a few examples.
Cities are ready for this transformation. With digital infrastructure, automation, and machine learning comes the ability to predictively respond to demands and optimize outcomes for millions of people at once.
Today, we have a massive opportunity for city managers, social activists, and entrepreneurs to create new economic opportunities, reshape behaviors, and repurpose our resources to truly redefine the modern city. The infrastructure needed for this revolution is beginning to fall into place, but how do cities ultimately arrive at this final stage of responsiveness?
To pave the way for effective responsive cities, cities need to:
Partner on Resources, Access, and Outcomes
We need to toss out our preconceived notions of what’s possible in cities and start with the desired outcomes. City managers need to identify untapped resources or infrastructure in need of reinvention and then make it easy to partner and collaborate with the private sector. Public-private partnerships ought to be aligned on mutually beneficial outcomes, like universal access to resources for people of all abilities, and not fixate on a particular solution, or prescribed procurements.
Understand Groups of People and Influencing Their Behaviors
A responsive city is reflective of the humans in it. The internet has shown us a glimpse of what’s possible with personalization – recommending videos or products or friends to you. A single person. But city experiences are inherently one-to-many. 50 people look up at a sign, and they experience it together, with 50 different backgrounds and maybe as many individual objectives. This opens up an interesting field of study: understanding groups of people and how they respond to real-time changes in their environment.
Whether it’s something like dynamic road closures for on-demand pedestrian plazas, or directing people with different mobility needs to the fastest route for an event, or helping them discover a new business that just opened; balancing people’s needs with the city’s -in real time- will be an exciting new area for exploration, blending Urban Planning with User Experience Design and Behavioral Science.
Make it Real-Time
Becoming a responsive city isn’t a static objective, it’s a constantly moving target. We need to think past fixed, single-purpose infrastructure and focus on dynamic, real-time digital infrastructure that can change as people and cities change. The focus should be not only staying relevant over years as cities change on the macro scale, but staying relevant from moment to moment, from the morning commute to lunch.
The internet has changed everything we do – how we live, work, and play, all through access to information, and communication with each other. But it hasn’t always lived up to its transformative potential. We’ve seen it create isolation and siloed groups that breed intolerance.
And cities can be stale and inflexible – designed by people who died long before today’s inhabitants were even born, and where change is measured in decade planning exercises. Cities are rarely representative of the actual people using, working, and living in them.
But now, as the internet makes its way into cities, we have an opportunity to make the internet more human, and cities more dynamic.
We can build true community experiences where people of different cultures and backgrounds and abilities share digital interactions with one another as well as their city. We have the ability to shape our environment and share information in real time to better connect people with each other, and with resources. We have an opportunity to build an inclusive digital urban experience, and that starts with a responsive city.
Featured Image: Prasit photo/Getty Images
Colin O’Donnell is the chief innovation officer of Intersection.


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Tropical Depression Bonnie moving away from East Coast
MIAMI - Tropical Depression Bonnie is moving away from the U.S. East Coast on Friday, a day after re-forming into a tropical system.
Bonnie's maximum sustained winds Friday morning are near 35 mph (55 kph). The U.S. National Hurricane Center says strengthening is possible later in the day and Bonnie could again become a tropical storm.
But weakening is expected to begin by Friday night.
The depression is centered about 130 miles (210 kilometers) east-northeast of Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, and is moving east-northeast near 8 mph (13 kph).
Forecasters say dangerous surf conditions are still possible along parts of the North Carolina coast, including the Outer Banks, through Friday.
Desktop NewsClick to open Continuous News in a sidebar that updates in real-time.
Christmas is here: hundreds gather for lighting of Old City Hall in...
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Early morning shoppers line up for Black Friday sales in EBR, Ascension

domain: news


text:
Robots are used by humans not only as tools but also to interactively assist and cooperate with humans, thereby forming physical human-robot interactions. In these interactions, there is a risk that a feedback loop causes unstable force interaction, in which force escalation exposes a human to danger. Previous studies have analyzed the stability of voluntary interaction but have neglected involuntary behavior in the interaction. In contrast to the previous studies, this study considered the involuntary behavior: a human's force reproduction bias for discrete-event human-robot force interaction. We derived an asymptotic stability condition based on a mathematical bias model and found that the bias asymptotically stabilizes a human's implicit equilibrium point far from the implicit equilibrium point and destabilizes the point near the point. The bias model, convergence of the interaction toward the implicit equilibrium point, and divergence around the point were consistently verified via behavioral experiments under three kinds of interactions using three different body parts: 1) a hand finger; 2) wrist; and 3) foot. Our results imply that humans implicitly secure a stable and close relationship between themselves and robots with their involuntary behavior.
|ジャーナル||IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics: Systems|
|出版ステータス||Published - 2023 1月 1|
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- コンピュータ サイエンスの応用

domain: psychology


Bollywood lyricist Javed Akhtar tweeted a four year old incident of a cop breaking an old man's typewriter as recent.
Akhtar tweeted the set of images with the caption, "This old man used to type the job applications of unemployed people . His type writer is now beyond repair ."
This old man used to type the job applications of unemployed people . His type writer is now beyond repair . pic.twitter.com/5fMtNbnIQH— Javed Akhtar (@Javedakhtarjadu) October 20, 2019
Taking a cue from twitter replies to Akhtar pointing out that the images were from a 2015 incident, we searched with the keywords - 'old man', 'typewriter' and 'broken' and found that it was from September 2015.
One can spot the same set of images from the above September 20, 2015, NDTV article on the incident.
According to news reports, in Uttar Pradesh a sub-inspector named Pradeep Kumar, had broken the typewriter of an elderly man named Krishna Kumar by kicking it at Lucknow’s Hazratganj allegedly to remove encroachment from the area.
After photographs clicked by a photojournalist while passing through the area of the incident went viral on the social media, the sub inspector Kumar was suspended.
On the instructions of then Chief Minister Akhilesh Yadav, the Deputy Superintendent of Police (DSP) and Senior Superintendent of Police (SSP) visited Krishna Kumar and handed him a new typewriter.
Claim Review : Photo Shows Cop Breaking Old Mans Typewriter Is Recent
Claimed By : Javed Akhtar
Fact Check : Misleading
. 📧 📣 📝


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DALLAS (AP) (AP) In six years, Ray Clark and his Dallas-based company have become a tough little competitor in the world of sports marketing.
Starting with just three employees, The Marketing Arm has grown several times over and now represents more than 100 NBA and NFL players, from bench warmers to all-stars. It also represents businesses that use athletes and sporting events as marketing vehicles.
Yet the company, with annual revenue reportedly in the $4 million range, is dwarfed by the 7-footers of the business, companies that earn hundreds of millions.
The privately held Dallas firm is about to join the big leagues. It has agreed to be acquired by Omnicom Group, the world's largest public-relations and advertising corporation.
The big question on the minds of observers now is, will The Marketing Arm become a valuable player on Omnicom's team, or will the little outfit get lost in a $4 billion-a-year global conglomerate?
Clark, the firm's 35-year-old managing partner and chief owner, suggests that to survive in the rapidly expanding but also choppy and competitive waters of sports marketing, he had no choice but to swim with a bigger fish.
''We needed someone who could broaden our expertise and increase our capital so we can grow the company through acquisitions,'' Clark said.
Analysts and industry insiders believe Clark's company wants to buy other small marketers that specialize in helping corporations find athletes as spokespersons. An executive at one company said Clark has already talked to him about a deal.
''This (Omnicom deal) gives them the cash to grow their business, and it might mean purchasing some companies like mine,'' said Bob Williams, president of Burns Sports Celebrity Service in Chicago. ''Ray has been very aggressive talking to a large number of companies. He's been a very busy man, and I'm on his hit list.''
Peter Kaplan, co-chief executive of National Marketing Group in New York, said the Omnicom-Marketing Arm deal fits into a pattern of consolidation in sports marketing.
''The big ad agencies are seeing business walk out the door because they don't have the horses in place to service those markets, i.e., sports marketing,'' Kaplan said. ''And the sports marketing companies are looking for deeper pockets.''
Ad agencies and small sports marketers alike are playing catch up with IMG, the Cleveland-based company that virtually invented sports marketing in the 1960s and is still the industry leader with $1 billion in revenue last year.
The Marketing Arm is privately held, and Clark declined to discuss the firm's revenues or the price that Omnicom will pay for it. An industry publication, Sports Business Journal, pegged the sale price at $10 million to $12 million.
The Dallas firm, which doesn't negotiate contracts or handle other duties usually performed by a sports agent, will be placed in Omnicom's Diversified Agency Services division with dozens of other small agencies Omnicom has bought, including some in sports.
Clark said his company will stay in Dallas and retain its ''culture,'' which he defined this way: ''A group of people who have their clients' best interests at heart, but who are also looking to have fun every day.''
Make no mistake about it, Clark said, rubbing shoulders with famous athletes and dreaming up promotional events is fun, a Walter Mitty existence.
On the fun scale, Clark lists his highlights as handling marketing for Nokia when the phone company sponsored the 1997 Sugar Bowl, which pitted Florida and Florida State for the national championship of college football; representing former Chicago Bulls star and current Houston Rocket Scottie Pippen, who recently hit the $50 million mark in career endorsements; and promoting the final basketball game played at Chicago Stadium, longtime home of the Bulls.
The Chicago Stadium farewell was a charity game organized by Pippen and sponsored by Ameritech, which hired The Marketing Arm for promotion. Pippen lured former teammate Michael Jordan, then serving his baseball sabbatical, back to the court for one game.
''Ameritech got more media impressions from that game than any college bowl game sponsor that year,'' Clark boasts.
The term ''media impressions'' means that the Ameritech name frequently appeared in TV and other media coverage of the game. While fans wanted to see Michael and Scottie and other NBA stars, the sponsor was more interested in seeing its own name flashed into viewers' living rooms.
Therein lies a growing challenge for The Marketing Arm and others in the sports sponsorship business. Sportscasters and newspapers are often reluctant to mention the sponsor of events such as the Poulan Weed Eater Independence Bowl.
Clark's response has been to make the network broadcasting the game a partner, which guarantees that the network's announcers will mention the sponsors.
''How they get print reporters to go along is another question,'' he conceded.
If Clark is skilled in anything, it's getting people to go along. That is how the Omnicom purchase came about. Clark wrote to executives at the big company, suggesting an acquisition. After several months of negotiations, a deal was struck.
The acquisition will end a six-year solo journey by Clark, who left ProServ, a Washington, D.C.-based sports marketing firm, to set up his own company in Dallas. He opened shop with three employees in a cramped downtown office that the fledgling company shared with another business. The firm now has more than 20 employees almost all in their 20s or 30s and plans to move into larger downtown space controlled by Omnicom.
Clark has seen the industry change and consolidate, and he sees more change in the wings.
Just as fans are growing weary of ever-rising ticket prices, companies are wondering if they're getting value for their sports-marketing dollars. Some in the industry, including Williams at the Burns company, think pro athletes' salaries are about to level off, which could nip the growth of marketing.
Clark is more sanguine. He thinks sports marketing will go up and up, but it will become more competitive.
''The bigger companies will get bigger and the smaller ones will go out of business,'' he said.
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Nov 02, 2018 recevez votre edition numerique scott foster love commands pdf ebook free download love commands pdf free download scott foster dun abonnement et dune publication en ligne grace a joomag. Brothers in armsthe courage to lovelove under siegeloves strategyat loves command retreat from lovelove in exile less. The last command are different and reputable to be yours. At loves command brothers in arms, book four by samantha kane at loves command brothers in arms, book four by samantha kane pdf, epub ebook d0wnl0ad a brothers in arms novel. This face, by which he could command and change th idolatry of any land, this face, which, wheresoeer it comes, can call vowd men from cloisters, dead from tombs, and melt both poles at once, and store deserts with cities, and make more. Each book however has done very different things with this concept. That book has achieved the cultural status of an empty diet coke can. But above all, she must have a hearty constitution. An erotic historical romance box set loves fortress, book 7 gideon sets out to marry sarah, but they both love his best friend charles. Ian witherspoon and derek knightly became best friends during the peninsular war, and returned as lovers. Ccna routing and switching portable command guide icnd1 100105, icnd2 200105, and ccna 200125 4th edition pdf trusted links book download. First of all reading a book is good but it depends in the content from it which is the content is as delicious as. But will they listen to love s command, or will their years of war blind them to all love has to offer.
Find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Ebook at loves command pdf by samantha kane download for. A child when they were betrothed, sophia middleton has been waiting twelve years for ian witherspoon to return and marry her. Jesus christs life from the virgin birth to his ministry, crucifixion, and resurrection is the basis. Download at loves command brothers in arms book 3 pdf free. Read at love s command by samantha kane available from rakuten kobo. At loves command by samantha kane overdrive rakuten.
Love commands catch and keep any man you desire book. An erotic historical romance box set love s fortress, book 7 gideon sets out to marry sarah, but they both love his best friend charles. Wishing your dreams begin to come true, and every tomorrow be happy for you. You see a gorgeous man but refuse to make the first move. Command me royals saga, book 1 kindle edition by lee. This ebook helps in men, not only going crazy for a beautiful woman, but for the modesty of the first glance. Hagans fine this peoples navy 1991 and his edited volume in peace and war 1978, robert w. Men, hardened by war, used to a life of death and dying, are each given an opportunity to find love. Essentially the command is not negative, but positiveit commands that you shall love. Download read love in exile 2009 by samantha kane in pdf.
Read at loves command brothers in arms book 3 pdf free. A child when they were betrothed, sophia middleton has been w. Full text of the romance of lust a classic victorian erotic novel see other formats. Download the full program of scott foster love commands pdf,ebook free. At loves command brothers in arms, book four by samantha. Get your digital edition of scott foster love commands pdf ebook free download love commands book scott foster pdf free download. Recevez votre edition numerique scott foster love commands pdf ebook free download love commands pdf free download scott foster dun abonnement et dune publication en ligne grace a joomag. An erotic romance loves command book 2 detail books. Read at loves command brothers in arms book 3 pdf free ebooks onlineread or download pdf here. When love commands the marietta danver trilogy book 3. Love commands puts you in the driver seat in your love life. Wilcox as a friend, she pressed on the ceremony, pencil, as it were, in hand, pressing the more because the rest of the family were away, and the opportunity seemed favourable.
Oct 11, 2018 this pin was discovered by your healthy guide. Once you stand in loves place of honor, all creation will follow you. At love s command brothers in arms, book 3 by kane, samantha and a great selection of related books, art and collectibles available now at. Smashwords brothers in armsa series by samantha kane. An erotic romance loves command book 2 now b00d47r2es. Loves twovolume history of the united states navy 1992, e. John love january 9, 1820 january 29, 1881 was a united states army officer during and after the mexicanamerican war, a railroad contractor, an officer in the union army during the american civil war and a major general in the indiana legion, also referred to as the indiana militia or home guard or state defense force, during the american civil war. For all the argument within medieval christianity about the extent to which human beings could love without divine grace, or about the scope of the command to love ones neighbour, or about the nature of love within marriage, or about the value of desire for earthly goods, certain things were not in dispute. Desensitize your poodle to triggers by gradually exposing him to them and creating a different association.
Its recommended summer reading in a twopage newsletter put out by a womens clothing store, kathleen sommers of san antonio. Digital ebook purchas reads or downloads safe in his arms. An erotic romance love s command book 2 now b00d47r2es. Potters sea power 1960, and james bradfords new edited volume america, sea power, and the world 2016 as the most significant works of synthesis.
Love s tender fury the marietta danver trilogy book 1 jennifer wilde. Read at loves command by samantha kane available from rakuten kobo. Read thousands of ebooks for free, supports online ebook libraries read local books with. Scott foster love commands pdf ebook free download love. Brothers in armsthe courage to lovelove under siegelove s strategyat love s command retreat from lovelove in exile less. An erotic romance love s command book 2 detail books. Even if you get the guys attention, it can be difficult keeping it. Love is a command the following summarizes a 49page critique of love is a choice, by drs.
But will they listen to loves command, or will their years of war blind them to all love has to offer. Ebook at loves command pdf by samantha kane download for free. Jesus christ s life from the virgin birth to his ministry, crucifixion, and resurrection is the basis. Achetez, telechargez et lisez scott foster love commands pdf ebook free download love commands pdf free download scott foster sur ipad, iphone, android, tablettes, kindle fire, windows 8, internet. Kierkegaard presents a form of divine command theory of moral obligation similar to accounts developed by robert adams and philip quinn. Totally bound publishing the home of erotic romance fiction. Love commands is undoubtedly an interesting book, and if you are able to set the ideas into action it could be amazingly effective.
Relying heavily on the speculations of sigmund freud, an enemy of the gospel, the authors see man as a victim rather than a sinner. Brothers in arms road to hill 30 walkthrough on authentic chapter 1 brothers in arms. Totally bound is the home of erotic romance ebook publishing, delivering delicious escapes all across the world. The name quite not suggest you with any idea but love commands is an ebook specially composed for women to drive their men crazy for them. Abigail wilson combines her passion for regency england with intrigue and adventure to pen historical mysteries with a heart. By loves command unknown binding january 1, 1995 by helen carras author see all 3 formats and editions hide other formats and editions. An erotic romance love s command book 2 books download as pdf. Baldwin has the book briefly in his hand in a movie whose title i cant recall. Training involves treatment that binds squad members to command authority. Borrow ebooks, audiobooks, and videos from thousands of public libraries worldwide.
Loves tender fury the marietta danver trilogy book 1 jennifer wilde. Nov 25, 2015 read at loves command brothers in arms book 3 pdf free ebooks onlineread or download pdf here. Children activity books for kids ages 24, 48, boys, girls, fun early learning, relaxation for. You must think of this as an alternate world because there s no possible way this scenario would have occurred in regency england. Check out our library of thrilling erotic fiction ebooks and novels from hundreds of. I may not article for grace, having put love at last to show this face.
Epub at loves command brothers in arms, book four by. Download your book in pdf format, and you will receive luck, peace, kindness and love, which will support you during all your life. Frank minirth and paul meier, founding psychiatrists of the minirthmeier clinics. At loves command ebook by samantha kane rakuten kobo. Ronan oconnell, andrew w mccaskie crc press boca raton, fl 14.
Loves exchange wikisource, the free online library. Full text of the romance of lust a classic victorian erotic. The last command by timothy zahn pdf, epub ebook d0wnl0ad star wars. Read at loves command brothers in arms book 3 pdf free ebooks. I read this as an ebook on my desktop and normally i read a bit at a time when i do that, but i sat at my desk for hours reading this. Which he, disdaining, whiskd his sword about, and with the wound thereof the king fell down. Love commands pdf book free download, love commands pdf ebook by. The book title think and grow rich as used by this digital ebook and related web. For example, if the approach of a delivery person triggers your poodle to bark, train your poodle to be calm around delivery people by reinforcing him positively when delivery people approach, or meeting delivery people outside and walking alongside them. You may copy it, give it away or reuse it under the terms of the project gutenberg license. A registered nurse, chai tea addict, and mother of two crazy kids, abigail fills her spare time hiking the national parks, attending her daughters gymnastic meets, and curling up with a great book.772 1372 98 18 1420 634 1511 1423 20 1074 435 972 197 229 1096 51 1167 1414 258 567 364 223 1349 387 344 1054 41 845 1152 930 279 554 1341 264 996 925


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Foxygen On World Cafe
Originally published on Thu February 28, 2013 10:22 am
Inspired by The Beatles, Bob Dylan and The Clash, among others, Foxygen's Sam France and Jonathan Rado channel their love of classic rock and psychedelia into a layered sound with sweetly airy vocals.
The California band released its first full-length studio album, Take the Kids Off Broadway, in July 2012. Returning to the studio shortly thereafter, Foxygen finished its second record, We Are the 21st Century Ambassadors of Peace & Magic, in just four weeks.
Foxygen was selected as WXPN's "Artist To Watch" in January. Here, the band performs songs from its new album and talks about labeling its sound.
This segment originally aired on January 25, 2012.