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By Sheila Finch
Science fiction is literature about the future, yet at its core we find elements of stories that are thousands of years old. At least since Jung, we have noted that these ancient stories found around the world are more than simplistic explanations for the existence of the physical world, and the experience of humans in it, or mere entertainments – though in their day they were both. The psychological insight found in myths is no less true today than yesterday, and no less necessary to our understanding of ourselves. We respond to these ancient stories even when we do not consciously recognize their origins. The presence of mythic elements gives a work of fiction a kind of “objective correlative,” as T. S. Eliot called it, an emotional resonance that makes the experience immediate and memorable to the reader. Much of the best science fiction draws on mythic themes and tropes, sometimes consciously on the part of the author, to apply this wisdom to its dreams about tomorrow. In doing so, science fiction acknowledges that while the environment we find ourselves in may change, the element that makes us human will not.
This paper concentrates on one core myth, the Hero’s fantastic journey, as it is used or referred to in science fiction from Jules Verne to the recent work of Mary Doria Russell.
Several years ago, an anthology of science fiction used the subtitle “contemporary mythology,” (Warrick et al., 1978), an assessment that may require some explanation. Science fiction is a series of meditations on the theme of being human, our day-by-day struggle of living, loving, fighting, raising families, but set in other places – sometimes across the galaxy – and other times. Fiction’s advantage over the forecasts of political scientists, sociologists and others comes from the fact that not only are we engaged by the ideas, but we perceive the experience as being there, participating. The scenery and gadgets the author comes up with in a science fiction story may be thought provoking and are certainly entertaining, but SF’s aims are higher than that. SF compels the reader’s active participation in the conversation of the narrative, offering experience not just intellectual understanding.
That more is going on in such stories than mere speculation about future possibilities becomes obvious when we look at a couple of classic works whose forecasting skills are practically nil. George Orwell’s 1984 is no less powerful now when it looks like a failed prophecy from 1948, nor does Roger Zelazny’s vision of Mars in “A Rose for Ecclesiastes” fail to move us even though advanced life on Mars was already known in 1963 to be not possible. We appreciate such stories according to what we learn from them about the condition of being human; the more emotional resonance a story has, the more we identify with its all-too-human characters, and the more meaning we draw from it. To understand the difference, consider Hugo Gernsback’s Ralph 124c 41+. (Today’s texting generation can probably understand that faster than Gernsback’s original readers!) The man who gave his name to one of SF’s greatest prizes created a cast of two-dimensional characters who are basically touring the future and gawking at technology, not much else. The result is an unmemorable story where practically the only pleasure we can derive from reading it is counting the number of future inventions Gernsback got wrong.
The poet T.S. Eliot used the term “objective correlative” to describe the image that evokes the associated emotion of an experience for the reader (Eliot, 1921, p. 3); myth is objective correlative on the grand scale. While our formidable brains are capable of marvelous feats of logic and analysis, there remains a vast ocean of experience that we can access only obliquely through our emotions and the metaphors of myth. The Swiss philosopher, Carl Gustav Jung spoke of “forms or images of a collective nature which occur practically all over the earth as constituents of myth and at the same time as autochthonous individual products of unconscious origin” (Jung, 1963, p. 63). The language of this rich, worldwide dimension is metaphor; to say a thing is makes for a more powerful experience of its “thingness” than to say it is like. Asking whether the statement or image itself is true or not is to miss the whole point. The factor that makes some stories more memorable or powerful than others is the emotional resonance they evoke; this resonance derives from the presence of mythic elements. We are used to finding myth used in fantasy, but its echoes in SF are subtler.
We should not expect to find an entire myth retold in SF (though sometimes we do); what we do find frequently is a piece of action, or a plot complication that evokes a kind of recognition in us, or an oddly familiar character type, an archetype. Like dreams whose puzzling content moves us even when we cannot explain or even understand, these stories exert their power over us through the use of embedded myth. It is not important that this inclusion be conscious on the part of the author; we judge by its effect on the reader.
The Hero’s Journey is one of two major myths underlying SF (the other is the story of Prometheus). There are, of course, several minor myths that we encounter in the genre, but we will concentrate on this major one. Christopher Vogler discusses the pattern of narrative first codified by Joseph Campbell as the Hero’s Journey as follows: The Hero’s birth and background are unknown, perhaps mysterious. He grows up in obscurity, but is called to undertake a quest to save the kingdom. At first, he refuses this call; a mentor appears and gives him special training or advice. He sets out on this journey, and by a series of trials including a near-death descent into the underworld, aided by non-human spirits or animal helpers, he eventually prevails and takes possession of the “treasure.” The road back is fraught with more dangers and trials, often on a higher, more complete level. On his return to the ordinary world, transformed, he is hailed a conquering hero. (Vogler, 1998, pp. 13-16). In some versions of the myth, this acclaim is fleeting, and a few years later, he is attacked by his erstwhile followers and dies, after which his reputation grows, he is revered and sometimes accepted as a god, or at least the founder of a cult of followers. All mythic Heroes share the majority of these indicators. Among them, we find Orpheus and Osiris, Odysseus, Gautama Sakyamuni and Jesus; in SF the most obvious (and consciously used) example is Luke Skywalker. Predating George Lucas’s use of the myth in Star Wars, we find Poul Anderson’s “Goat Song,” a retelling of the Orpheus version of the story, with a computer called SUM in the place of the god of the underworld.
Before proceeding further with this discussion, it is important to note that we will be dealing here with the male form of the myth, as it is the one most used or referred to in SF even in the work of female authors. Why this should be the case lies outside the scope of this article to speculate. (The reader interested in pursuing this further is referred to the work of Maureen Murdock to be found online at www.thewritersjourney.com.)
Homer’s account of Odysseus’s wanderings in the Mediterranean on the way home from the siege of Troy is the version of the Hero’s Journey best known in the western world. It offers a metaphor for the trials and tribulations of human life, the spiritual journey of the soul, sin and redemption, the yearning for a long-lost “paradise” of home. But our fascination with voyaging certainly predates Homer; we are born with wanderlust; the lure of the long migration out of Africa is in our blood. When we are prevented from voyaging in person, by finances or health or circumstance, we have always turned to the next best thing, the tales of other explorers’ adventures. The Odyssey is the bedrock and archetype for all such tales, whether mainstream or science fiction.
It may be useful to consider that there are two aspects to the theme of fantastic voyages: the fantastic journey itself, with all its hardships, discoveries and entertainments, and secondly, the quest, the reason the voyage is undertaken in the first place. “Journey” stories are mainly about the privations and dangers along the way, scarcely concerning themselves with the projected outcome of the voyage, often ending when the farthest shore is reached; “Quest” stories, on the other hand, give fewer details of the trek or of life onboard the ship, the journey being necessary only to get the characters to the goal.
Obviously, journey and goal are frequently so inter-related that it becomes difficult to talk about one without considering the other. An early short story, Alan Nourse’s “Brightside Crossing,” gives us an example of the difficulty of separating out these two aspects of fantastic voyage stories. The adventure in Nourse’s story comes from a small group of scientist/adventurers trekking across Mercury’s hellish landscape – “because it’s there,” as the first man to make the summit of Everest said about climbing the mountain – but the central character’s desire to return to a trek that almost killed him reveals the importance of the goal: conquering a hostile planet.
We should also note that when we are dealing with a multi-volume story, apart from the over-arching focus of the series, all the books except the last can be seen as journey stories; only the last, the climax, is obviously a matter of the goal. To understand this, consider J.R.R.Tolkien’s fantasy epic, The Lord of the Rings. The adventures encountered by the characters on their fantastic journey are moving and full of meaning, but they cannot be fully appreciated without the goal of the One Ring’s retrieval and disposal at the end of the cycle. Though the first volumes in the saga can be understood as journey stories, the overall story is ultimately a quest of the highest importance, an attempt to save or redeem the world (much as that other mythic journey undertaken by Parsifal). What is important in differentiating the two types of story is this central focus.
For the purpose of clarity, we shall consider the two parts of this myth separately as they appear in SF narratives.
Homer’s Odyssey is certainly the mythic root of all subsequent Western travel tales. It encompasses battles, perilous escapes, mortal danger, horrifying monsters, acts of courage and acts of treachery, the temptations of sexual attraction, the strangeness of the universe in ancient Greek terms: elements that lend themselves easily to SF narratives. Myths always contain an instructive subtext. Odysseus’s ten-year voyage illustrates the importance of faithfulness to a goal, self-reliance, strength of character, spiritual and emotional growth, the encounter with other cultures and other ways of being. It is important to note that the lengthy account ends once Odysseus’s faithful old dog recognizes him and he clears out Penelope’s hundred suitors to reclaim his kingdom. The journey itself was the point of the story.
We might digress for a moment here to consider the importance of such journeys in human history, because this aspect too is reflected in SF narratives. Over time, vast numbers of humans have shown a willingness to risk their lives on voyages of exploration, often taking artifacts of their culture with them. Consider the 15th century Chinese voyages; thousands of non-sailors were aboard the junks, including diplomats, concubines, and Buddhist priests. Nor was this solely an Oriental custom; Sir Francis Drake’s Golden Hind, sailing around the world in the 16th century, provided musicians for entertainment as well as a parson. Today’s cruise passengers expect food and medical care, and games and other recreations are all part of the journey.
To my mind, the purest example of a fantastic journey, where the strangeness of the voyage is the story, occurs in Norman Spinrad’s novel, The Void Captain’s Tale. No priest or parson on the ships of Spinrad’s fictional cruise line, but cruise directors and the entertainment they provide make for a vivid sub-plot. Unshackled from what Spinrad terms the “quotidian world,” the passengers engage in bizarre behaviors and sexual rituals. In fact, the novel describes in some detail the culture of customs and recreation that develops on ships of the Second Starfaring Age:
The “lowest” deck of the Grand Palais module was given over to a seemingly chaotic maze of dream chambers opening off a convoluted tunneled passageway that curved and wound around them…. The organically rounded walls of the tunnel glowed an erotic rose, a hue picked up and made palpable by the perfumed mist that filled it. Many of the chambers were already occupied… the sighs and moans, the rhythmic rustlings, were allowed to suffuse into the rosy ambiance of the passageway, surrounding us with the music d’amour. (Spinrad, 1983, p. 44).
Like Odysseus, Genro Kane Gupta, the Void Captain of Spinrad’s tale, is a flawed but basically good man who finds himself sexually tempted and in considerable danger of losing both his life and his soul on the voyage.
Science fiction has long explored the idea of the generation ships that will be needed for truly long voyages in space, absent the discovery of FTL drives or “star-gates.” What Spinrad adds to this speculation is that our culture will change with and be changed by the journey itself. New Earth won’t be much like Old Earth. Customs we probably cannot even dream about will have evolved, certainly new fashions, new cuisine, new laws. But the basic human dilemmas of right and wrongdoing will remain.
The recent “Blue Tyson” series of novels by Australian writer, Terry Dowling, develop Homer’s theme with a wind-driven “ship” that crosses the desert of the near-future Australian Outback. Like an updated Odysseus, Dowling’s protagonist, Tom Rynosseros, a man with a mysterious past, is called to undertake a desperate and dangerous adventure that will determine more than the fate of the central characters, and in doing so he encounters fantastic creatures both alien and artificial. That this intersection of myth and science fiction is conscious on Dowling’s part is underscored by an epigraph he chose from Jung: “This is the task always … not to illuminate the ancient truths, the ancient intimations of the unconscious, the ancient intimations of the soul, but…to make them immediate and contemporary, to give them meaning in the here and now” (Dowling, 1992, p. iv).
For another example, Gregory Benford’s Great Sky River, followed by Tides of Light, is at heart a story of a small band of humans forced to flee alien pursuers, embarking on a fantastic journey to the center of our galaxy. Since the overall destiny of Killeen and the fugitives he leads is not met in the first books in the series, they can be considered as examples of journey stories, with the full complement of harrowing dangers, exotic creatures (some of whom are helpers), nightmare landscapes, and descents into “hell” that Homer would recognize. That a 21st century reader can empathize with the plight of augmented future humans on worlds that bear no physical resemblance to our own Earth is due not only to the author’s writing skills – though they are considerable – but also to the resonance of the underlying myth of the fantastic journey.
Benford frequently uses imagery that makes reference to recognizable human emotional reactions (the objective correlative), thus grounding the reader in the midst of very alien scenery and events. In Great Sky River we read:
They popped helmets…and kissed in incredulous greeting. Only taste and touch were trusted now, the human press of warm and pungent flesh. Killeen breathed in the rank running-smell of Sanhakan. Then the slightly muskier odor of a woman who was suddenly at his elbow… Another woman, old and weathered, smelling of salty exertion… (Benford, 1987 p. 80).
The use of sense of smell here, especially the smell of sweat, serves to make the imagined future meeting, with all its danger and poignancy, come alive for the reader so that we do not merely understand, we experience.
Other well-known futuristic voyages include Arthur C. Clarke’s 2001, which has the subtitle “A Space Odyssey” in case we miss the mythic connection of this dangerous journey across our own solar system that ends enigmatically with the birth of the Star Child, certainly not a goal the journey’s planners could have foreseen or aimed for. The film and television series, Star Trek, offers another example. The Enterprise becomes a world unto itself on its long voyages; romances are not uncommon (although if they involve Captain Kirk, they’re destined to end unhappily), and later iterations of the series even have elaborate entertainment features such as the holo-deck on board for the crew to while away the long time between ports-of-call. The emotional and psychological effects of the voyage on the voyagers are often a prominent part of the plot. Since significant portions of each episode take place on the ship, we can consider Star Trek a modern Odyssey, a story where the voyage itself is at least as important as the outcome, much like TV’s western series, Wagon Train, from which Star Trek derives.
Earlier examples of what we might call this theme, where the journey has more importance than the arrival, include several Jules Verne stories, especially Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea. In this tale, which might as well be a voyage into outer space, Captain Nemo (the name is a reference to what Odysseus calls himself at one point: “No Man”) pilots the submarine Nautilus through a vast and well-described seascape of natural and scientific wonders. A.E. Van Vogt’s Voyage of the Space Beagle and Poul Anderson’s Tau Zero fit in this category too, as does Robert Heinlein’s Universe. Another early story, Stanley Weinbaum’s “A Martian Odyssey,” picks up Homer’s theme of comparative ethnology, the clash of alien encounters, where Jarvis, the human explorer, meets and learns to deal with “Tweel,” a representative of the dominant race on Mars.
Reading these modern versions of the mythic voyage, we see that rather than being simply Tourists-in-Space travelogues, the best of them entail extreme jeopardy for the voyagers, and, like Homer’s tale, opportunities for psychological and spiritual growth. I suspect that this latter virtue is what gives SF its depth and power.
Robert Heinlein proposed that there were only three basic plots available to writers: Romeo and Juliet, The Man Who Learned Better, and The Little Tailor (quoted in Silverberg, para.6). This is a bit of oversimplification on Heinlein’s part, but it should be immediately obvious that all three of the categories he identifies are themselves based on archetypes such as we have been discussing. The one that concerns us here is The Little Tailor’s story, a fairy tale journey in which a character sets out to gain a boon for himself or for his society. In myths, the one on the quest seeks the rescue of someone abducted (Helen of Troy), or a magic object (Jason and the Golden Fleece); in legends, it might be the Holy Grail that will cure the ailing king and his suffering kingdom (Parsifal); in fairy tales, it is the hand of the king’s daughter (the Little Tailor). If the voyage itself is strange enough, we might be treated to the main character’s adventures along the way, but the real meat and the true focus come when he confronts the dragons that literally or figuratively guard the treasure. Whether the outcome of the quest is successful or not does not affect the emotional resonance of the underlying myth, though SF readers tend to value optimism more often than not.
In one sense of course, the vast majority of all SF stories – perhaps fiction in general – are quest stories, in the sense that the major character has a goal to achieve and obstacles to overcome on the path toward that achievement. This may reflect how deep the influence of mythic structure lies in our response to fiction. In many cases, the journey is a purely psychological one, what Heinlein might have labeled “man who learns better” stories. However, in SF, mythic quest stories frequently entail a physical journey across an alien geography as part of the plot, even when the focus is on the boon at the end.
When we considered the journey stories, we remarked on the details of the voyagers’ culture that emerge and evolve, the emphasis on landscapes and adventures along the way, and a plot that frequently terminates with the arrival at the destination. The quest story, by contrast, emphasizes the struggle for the goal, often at great cost to the main character. A clear example of this occurs in Mary Doria Russell’s novel, The Sparrow. Not only is the long voyage from Earth to the planet from which radio signals have been picked up hardly described beyond basic details (hollowed out asteroid, hydroponic agriculture), but life on Earth to which the sole survivor, an obscure Jesuit priest, returns decades later hasn’t changed that much beyond a few technological advances. Compare this situation with that of Odysseus himself, who returns to a court functioning fairly normally in spite of his long absence. The emphasis of the story is on the mission: First, to meet, interact with and understand an alien culture, and secondly to survive the nightmarish experience and bring the knowledge gained back to Earth. In the process, the priest, Emilio Sandoz, suffers greatly, very nearly loses his life along with the rest of the expedition’s members, and undergoes a profound crisis of faith in his own version of the descent into the underworld. He describes his situation as “an exact counterpart of a capuchin monkey kept on a golden chain by some sixteenth century European aristocrat,” with the added horror of physical mutilation and sexual assault (Russell, 1996, p. 389). I find it telling that the author refers to Sandoz’s horrific situation in metaphoric terms: It “is,” not “is like,” the metaphor being far more powerful than any simile. This image of an exotic captive monkey, long-fingered, sad-faced, itself named for its perceived resemblance to a Catholic order of friars, serves as the “objective correlative” here, evoking the emotional heart of the scene for the reader.
It may not appear at first that Sandoz is very heroic and it is difficult to see what boon he brings back to Earth, but this becomes clear when we remember the novel’s opening words, “The Jesuit scientists went to learn, not to proselytize. They went so that they might come to know and love God’s other children” (p. 5). In the harsh interrogation Sandoz is subjected to on his return by his own order, a further reference to the later, bitter experience of the mythic hero, we are brought to understand that it sometimes takes heroic effort just to survive, an effort that is not always successful, but that is a human duty to undertake. Frightful knowledge gained is better than comfortable ignorance indulged.
Other examples of quest narratives include Hal Clement’s Mission of Gravity, where the alien Barlennen takes on the extraordinary dangers of his home planet, Meskline, to rescue a lost human rocket probe; but more than this, Barlennen is inspired to undertake this quest by the opportunity to expand his knowledge. In Ursula Le Guin’s The Left Hand of Darkness, the human envoy, Genly Ai, comes to Gethen to make diplomatic contact with its hermaphroditic inhabitants, but ends in a harrowing ice journey of escape with one of them during which he gains understanding of and compassion for the Gethenians to an extent far greater than he could have anticipated when setting out on his original quest.
It may turn out that we have already made enough preliminary voyages into space, learned enough from unmanned probe and manned shuttle, to know how long and how repetitious in terms of event such long journeys inevitably are. The SF reader will eventually grow tired of fantastic journey tales. I suspect the literary future may lie with the quest version of this myth.
On the subject of science fiction and myth, James Blish once said, “


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domain: geography


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The family of Roderick Brooks, the unarmed Black man who was killed at the hands of a Harris County sheriff's deputy, has filed a federal civil rights lawsuit against multiple county departments and officials, per KPRC.
Brooks died on July 8 after being fatally shot in the back of the neck by Harris County Sheriff’s Deputy Sgt. Garret Hardin.
In the lawsuit, the family aims to hold Hardin, the Harris County Sherriff’s Office, Harris County Commissioner’s Court, and Judge Lina Hidalgo accountable for Brooks' death, which they believe was the result of excessive and illegal use of force and a violation of his civil rights.
The lawsuit also alleges that Harris County Sheriff Ed Gonzalez failed to implement and enforce policies and practices in the sheriff's office that would have protected Brooks' constitutional rights.
The fatal incident unfolded earlier this year when Brooks allegedly stole from a Dollar General and pushed a store manager.
Hardin chased after Brooks on foot and deployed his Taser.
According to authorities, Brooks grabbed the sergeant's Taser as the two were on the ground, which prompted Hardin to open fire against the unarmed Black man.
Authorities said Brooks posed a threat to Hardin, but family attorney Sadiyah Evangelista Karriem said witnesses at the scene and video of the incident dispel their allegations.
Witnesses said Brooks was shot in "cold blood," according to Karriem.
The attorney also claims that footage released by authorities appears to be "doctored up."
“We saw two different versions prior to July 22, and as I am watching this third version that was released to the public, what I’m noticing is that it did not show Officer Hardin punching multiple times as witnesses have come to us and told us - five different witnesses - that he pulverized Roderick Brooks with punches,” Karriem said.
The Harris County District Attorney’s Office released the following statement:
“A Civil Rights Division prosecutor goes to the scene of every officer-involved shooting. Prosecutors thoroughly and independently review all the evidence in each shooting and present all of that evidence to grand jurors who determine whether an indictment is warranted. We do this to ensure that a grand jury, which is comprised of members of the community, determines whether there is sufficient evidence for a criminal charge.”

domain: news


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Isabella Banks ’15 was awarded a 2018–19 Fulbright Study/Research Grant for the master’s program in International Crimes, Conflict, and Criminology at Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam. Combining perspectives and methodologies from the fields of criminology, law, psychology, sociology, and political science, the program also draws on resources available through its location near The Hague—home to the UN’s International Court of Justice and the International Criminal Court.
“I hope to focus my research on transitional justice, which applies restorative principles to systematic, conflict-related human rights violations,” says Banks, who majored in the College of Social Studies with a certificate in international relations while at Wesleyan. Her honors thesis, “The Jury Is Out: Negotiated Agreements in the German Inquisitorial System,” is an exploration of the United States’ adversarial system of justice in comparison with the German inquisitorial system. A 2015 article in the Connection noted that Banks said her interest in exploring alternatives to the U.S. system of criminal justice was initiated by what she observed as its “growing dysfunction” as well as the increasing measure of disapproval it garnered.
After graduating, Banks studied abroad on a one-year Watson Fellowship, pursuing research in restorative justice in countries such as New Zealand, Australia, England, and South Africa. For her project, “Making Crime Personal: Restorative Alternatives to Criminal Justice,” she interviewed individuals involved in a range of restorative justice processes and acted as a participant observer in schools, prisons, and community organizations working to implement restorative practices.
She is currently affiliated with the Center for Court Innovation in New York City, whose founding director was John Feinblatt ’73 and current director is Greg Berman ’89. Banks serves as a planner for the Research-Practice Strategies team led by Director of Policy and Research Julian Adler ’02.
“My Watson year opened my eyes to the importance of human relationships in justice processes and fostered a fascination with conflict transformation that I am sure will drive my learning for years to come,” said Banks.

domain: law


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MONTEVIDEO - Saqr Ghobash, Speaker of the Federal National Council (FNC), explored with Fernando Mattos Costa, Minister of Livestock, Agriculture, and Fisheries of the Oriental Republic of Uruguay, the prospects for joint cooperation in several fields.
Saqr Ghobash is leading a parliamentary delegation on an official visit to Latin America from 12th to 22nd September, 2022. The 10-day tour includes Brazil, Uruguay, Paraguay and Colombia.
The delegation aims to promote strategic partnerships and keep pace with the growing relations between the UAE and these countries.
Minister Fernando Mattos Costa took the FNC delegation on a tour of the Expo Prado, Uruguay's largest agricultural fair, where they were briefed about prospects for agricultural cooperation between the two countries. Costa spoke about investment opportunities in agriculture in both countries.
Ghobash affirmed the UAE's keen desire to enhance cooperation in various fields of common interest, and to discuss ways of developing them in all fields, upgrading them to broader horizons, and developing them to achieve the interests and aspirations of the two friendly countries and peoples.
He said that the UAE pays great attention to the food security issues, noting to the real and promising cooperation opportunities that can be invested between the two countries, especially in the fields of renewable energy and food security. He also noted that the COVID-19 pandemic has proven to the world the importance of food and medicine, and ''we believe that your country is a major source of food, and we can work together for the good of both countries and the world at large''.

domain: politics


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BRUSSELS — European Parliament President Roberta Metsola said she wants the European Union to open serious negotiations on Ukraine’s EU membership bid in mid-December this year.
“We must keep our promises on opening negotiations,” the Maltese member of European Parliament told journalists after participating in a summit of EU heads of state and government. “Ukraine’s efforts on reforms have been extraordinary, even and especially in times of war. If the reform criteria have been sufficiently met, we need to respond.”
“And I remain optimistic that this can still be achieved this year,” Metsola said.
Metsola has been one of the most outspoken EU figures supporting Ukraine’s bid to become the bloc’s 28th member, having twice visited the country since the full-scale invasion started and meeting President Volodymyr Zelenskyy, who addressed EU leaders by video link Thursday. She pushed for months for Ukraine’s accession talks to start this year, but had yet to propose a specific moment for that.
The decision to start the next phase of talks, however, lies squarely with the European Council, which has the whip hand on EU foreign policy matters.
David Arakhamia, a Ukrainian member of parliament who leads Zelenskyy’s Servant of the People party in the Ukraine Parliament, said in Brussels earlier Thursday that he hoped talks start this year.
“We need to give hope to Ukrainian people who are fighting every day,” he said. The Ukrainian people are only waiting for two things, Arakhamia said when arriving at a meeting of European liberal parties: “A clear sign that Ukraine is going to be part of the EU family, and […] a security sign that Ukraine is going to be part of NATO.”
When asked by a Ukrainian journalist about Ukraine’s bid to join the bloc, Metsola said, “I am optimistic by the statements that I heard from the leaders” — not only upon entry to the European Council, but also in closed-door conversations. “There is momentum, and that momentum will not stop.”
“Our hope would be that the December European Council will be the place or the time where that step can be taken,” Metsola added, framing it as an appeal both from her and from the Parliament as a whole. That meeting will take place on December 14 and 15.
“Once the reforms […] have been completed, then we have to take the equivalent step from our end,” Metsola said.
Arakhamia said Ukraine “will work on every level” to complete necessary reforms.


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Beyond Egypt’s “Facebook Revolution” and Syria’s “YouTube Uprising:” Comparing Political Contexts, Actors and Communication Strategies
Issue 15, Spring 2012
Activists coordinate online from Cairo's Tahrir Square / Photograph by Sarah Sheffer
There is no doubt that social media has played, and are still playing, a crucial role in the calls for political change that have swept, and are still sweeping, the Arab region. However, their role as catalysts for political change and mobilizers for political action must be contextualized within the broader political and social structure in each country, with all their respective complexities and unique qualities. Therefore, in comparing and contrasting the role of cyberactivism in the Egyptian revolution and in the Syrian uprising, one year since they began, it is important to compare and contrast the underlying nuanced social, political and communication structures unique to each country, as well as the different roles of their various political actors and the types of online and offline communication strategies they deployed.
This necessitates avoiding the technologically deterministic approach that privileges the tools of social change over the actors that employ them, thus inappropriately elevating social media above face-to-face mass action as agents for bringing about political change. We contend that social media may be necessary, but are not sufficient, tools for pursuing and achieving sociopolitical transformation. For example, describing the Egyptian revolution as the “Facebook Revolution” or calling the Syrian uprising the “YouTube uprising”, as some analysts and commentators have named them, glosses over the sheer material and moral force of millions of Egyptians and Syrians who took to the streets, risking injury, disability, or death, to fight for self-determination, basic human rights, dignity, and freedom.
We must also consider what revolutionary phase Egypt and Syria have reached, which dictates the role of social media, i.e. how and why they are being used, by whom, and for what purpose(s). For example, the fact that Egypt has crossed over to the post-revolutionary phase means that the role of social media in Egypt can be classified under three distinct phases, namely: the mobilization role in the pre-revolutionary phase; the coordination and organization role in the revolutionary phase; and the nation-building and consensus-building role in the post-revolutionary phase. Only the first and second phases can be analyzed in the Syrian case so far.
In this article, we shed light on the communication struggle that accompanied the political struggle in both Egypt and Syria. On the one hand, we describe how political activists used new forms of communication, especially digital and online social media, such as Twitter, Facebook, and the video-sharing portal YouTube, as tools for highlighting the regimes’ abuses of their citizens, promoting citizen journalism, shaping public opinion, and organizing and mobilizing citizenry to combat repression. We show how activists integrated these online activities with offline activities, such as staging demonstrations and protests and launching on-the-ground campaigns. On the other hand, we also shed light on how the regimes in both Egypt and Syria used communication tools to protect their interests and to counter the political activists’ efforts, whether via traditional, state-owned media avenues or new media tools. In doing so, we highlight the similarities and differences, or the overlaps and divergences, between the Egyptian and Syrian cases.
Cyberactivism and Political Transformation: The Case of Egypt
During the early 1950s in Egypt, and specifically between the overthrow of the monarchy in 1952 and the popular uprising of 2011, successive Egyptian presidents, namely Gamal Abdel Nasser, Anwar Sadat and Hosni Mubarak, exercised tight control over media ownership and content, albeit to varying degrees, and used state-owned, national media to disseminate local and regional public opinion campaigns (Rugh, 2004; Boyd, 1999; Mellor, 2007).
The margin of media freedom allowed under these three leaders was constantly stretching and shrinking, leading to a highly ambiguous state-media relationship (Khamis, 2007, 2008). This resulted in a paradoxical situation whereby a relatively expanding margin of freedom granted to the opposition press, especially under Mubarak, was not matched by an equal margin of true democratic practice. This led some scholars, such as Seib (2007), to contend that the media were being used as “safety valves” to allow the public to vent their anger at dictatorship, corruption, and violations of human rights, without having to resort to more radical measures, such as protesting, demonstrating, or revolting.
The Egyptian government under Mubarak played an active role in facilitating and accelerating the spread of the Internet, allowing it to become a very effective weapon used by protesters and political activists to topple the regime in 2011. This is in line with Khamis and Sisler’s (2010) observation that even though many Internet websites and blogs are used to defy and resist autocratic governments and dictatorial regimes in the Arab world, a number of these governments took steps to encourage Internet proliferation and accessibility, mainly in order to boost economic development. The Egyptian government under Mubarak was no exception.
Widespread access to the Internet and the emerging concept of blogs (Atia, 2006; Iskandar, 2006) meant that a whole new arena became available to the public in general, and to political activists in particular, in which to express their views, ideas, and criticisms, to comment on everyday issues, and to discuss cultural, social, and religious topics. In brief, it meant a shift from a tightly controlled and monolithic media system to a much more pluralistic and diverse media arena.
A few years before the 2011 revolution, a small but influential group of urban, highly educated, middle-class, primarily young Egyptian activists, coordinating and operating through multiple social media platforms, formed an array of loosely affiliated grassroots activist networks throughout the country (Ishani, 2011). These networks developed and deployed strategies that, compared to conventional approaches, were (a) more diffuse than consolidated; (b) more divergent and adaptive than uniform; and (c) more interactive than monolithic.
Over time, these networks expanded in number, size, and location through snowballing recruitment of activists, thus preparing a foundation for credible mass action sufficient for regime overthrow at some future but unknown point in time. These Internet-savvy actors, comprising a very small proportion of the Egyptian population, went on to exert an outsized influence during an extremely brief period of time (18 days), succeeding in drawing millions of ordinary Egyptian citizens into a monumental grassroots revolt that brought down the Mubarak regime.
In the few years prior to the 2011 revolution, Egyptian political activists specifically sought out strategies through new media tools to (a) educate citizens to recognize their unjust social circumstances; (b) achieve consensus that the lack of justice must be redressed; (c) mobilize large groups of citizens to demand their rights and exercise their public will in street protests (Salmon, Fernandez, & Post, 2010); (d) achieve and maintain discipline during protests and to respond to police brutality with nonviolence; and (e) inform the international community about the regime’s debasement and suppression of ordinary Egyptian citizens.
By 2008, activist groups had successfully coordinated complex and sophisticated operations, both virtually and on the street. For example, leaders of the Egyptian April 6 Youth Movement, an opposition group comprised of young tech-savvy activists who staged their first massive labor strike on April 6, 2008 in el-Mahalla el-Kubra, used cell phones, blogs, Twitter, Facebook, and YouTube to organize meetings and protests, document police brutality, and obtain legal representation for members arrested by security forces (Ishani, 2011; Nelson, 2008).

domain: sociology


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Are seam allowances included?
Yes, we've included a general 1cm allowance to all patterns. Whenever the seam allowance is different on a particular edge, it will be explicitly specified on the pattern itself. Please make sure to read the patterns very carefully along with the instruction booklet provided.
What language are your patterns in?
How difficult are your patterns to sew?
The difficulty level is specified on the top left section of the instruction booklet's cover page. This section is visible from the clear front of our packaging. The difficulty levels go from beginner, intermediate, to advanced. Beginner instructions cater to simple or sometimes even "cheat" methods. If you are more advanced or have a specific way of doing things, feel free to do so.
What is your current size range?
We typically draft our patterns starting from a Men's UK 36 (Medium). This is then graded up and down several sizes to arrive at XS-XL. Some patterns are also engineered to be oversized so please read the size chart in the instruction booklet carefully.
If our size chart currently excludes you, please accept our sincerest apologies. It was not our intention but we are working very hard to expand our business so that one day we are not limited in the offerings we can make. If you would like to continue with us on our humble journey, subscribe to our newsletter. We'll keep you up to date on everything new we're working on.
What height do you draft for?
Our first fit model is of Asian descent at 5'7 feet tall and has shorter limbs. Our second fit model is Caucasian at 6'1 feet tall with long limbs. We fit for these two different body types and try to cater for the proportions of our clothes at a happy middle point. If you would like to edit the proportions to cater for your specific body type, we include lengthening and shortening lines on our patterns.
How do I know which patterns are for men or for women?
Who cares. Wear what you want, dress how you like, and never compromise.
What type of paper are your patterns printed on?
Most of our paper collateral is printed on recycled 80GSM white paper. We believe this paper stock is much easier to handle than conventional tissue paper patterns.
Do you sell any PDF patterns?
We do not sell our main patterns as PDF downloads. This is to mitigate illegal duplication and distribution of our patterns. However, we may offer some FREE patterns as PDF downloads on occasion.
SHIPPING & RETURNS
How much is shipping? How long will it take?
You can read the information on these topics on our Shipping & Returns page.
Can I sell the clothes I make with your patterns?
You can only sell the clothes on a limited basis if written permission was granted to you by Crafted Matter prior to production. You may not use our patterns to sell finished clothes if the capacity at which you intend to produce is at mass and requires third-party, large scale manufacturing.
On the rare occasion that we do grant permission, you must cite credit to our patterns on your website or product listing.
Can I just edit your patterns and sell the clothes I make?
Absolutely not. You may not use our patterns as a base or modify our patterns for resale in any way, shape, or form.
I teach people how to sew. Can I use your patterns for my class?
We would love that! However, each student will need to purchase a new copy of our patterns for their own (no tracing allowed). So please reach out to us on our Contact page and we can help you get a wholesale discount. Looking forward to hearing from you.
I have an Etsy store. Can I order wholesale from you to sell on my store?
We are currently only accepting stockists and retailers with either brick and mortar stores or an e-commerce store with an original website domain.
How do I start a wholesale account?
It's simple, just shoot us an email and tell us a little bit about yourself and your store. You can reach us through our Contact page or email us at email@example.com
What is your MOQ for wholesale?
Our minimum order quantity is 10 units in any combination of our available sewing pattern styles.
What is your wholesale rate?
50% of the original retail price.
PRICING & TAXES
What currency is your pricing in?
The price for products, delivery and other charges shown are in Australian dollars (AUD) and includes GST where applicable and unless specified otherwise. The price for Products is subject to change without notice at Crafted Matter’s sole discretion.
I don't live in Australia, will I still be taxed?

domain: hobby


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The new easy to use software solution for landlords to manage all of their own rental properties. Rentalls is the successor to our very popular userfriendly simplerent rental management program marketed as shareware 19881998 with over 10,000 users worldwide. I can suggest looking into the following softwares if. Property management software, rental property management.961 1433 813 13 795 1023 657 1465 363 244 1154 870 40 349 640 1613 3 519 498 1054 854 84 367 296 124 764 1241 221 313 1298 1386 1145 1212 318 1292 413 911 245

domain: finance


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The Mara cross-body bag in suede and small grain cowhide. An oversized ring with the signature See by Chloé medal adorns the front. Elegant light gold hardware complements the rounded shape.
Features: Magnetic closure, 1 roomy main compartment, 1 flat card slot inside, 1 adjustable & removable strap, "See by Chloé" embossed logo. Comes with a dust bag

domain: design


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BRISTOL, VA. Ashley Wade of the District of Columbia has been crowned the new Miss Cosmos United States 2019 by Katie Mode, Miss Cosmos 2019. Mode represented the United States and won the international title. Wade as first runner-up at the national pageant now resumes the national title.
Wade is a General Manager for Bozzuto, the #1 property management company in the Mid-Atlantic. She was born and raised in the DMV and has resided in DC for the past 6 years. Wade loves to workout and travel! She especially loves traveling to anywhere there is a beach, but so far Aruba is her all-time favorite place to travel! Wade is also half Venezuelan and half Dominican and can speak Spanish fluently!


The Eugene Symphonic Band, under the baton of new conductor Burnette Dillon, will open its 52nd season with a fall concert at 7:30 p.m. Monday at Beall Concert Hall at the University of Oregon School of Music and Dance, 961 E. 18th Ave.
Admission is $6 for adults and $4 for students and seniors.
The program includes An American Fanfare by Rick Kirby, Suite of Old American Dances by Robert Russell Bennett, Second Suite in F by Gustav Holst, “O Magnum Mysterium” by Morten Lauridsen, Chorale and Alleluia by Howard Hanson and “Old Comrades” March by C. Teike.
Dillon has been a performer, educator and conductor for more than 30 years. He has performed as principal trumpet for the Pacific Symphony, Pasadena Symphony, Los Angeles Music Center Opera, Orange County Opera Pacific, the American Ballet Theater, the Joffrey Ballet and the Hollywood Bowl Orchestra.


text: Introduction: Incomplete or inadequate provision of contraceptive services to servicewomen can have a profound impact on military health, readiness, and financial outcomes. This study examined the reproductive health practices and perceptions among family medicine physicians caring for servicewomen. Materials and Methods: We conducted an anonymous survey of 568 registered attendees at the March, 2018 Uniformed Services Academy of Family Physicians annual meeting. The response rate was 52.8% and 69% of responders met inclusion criteria. Results: Our sample of family medicine physicians was 58.3% male and 85.3% Caucasian. In all, 18.3% were current residents, 42.9% graduated between 2008 and 2017, and 38.7% graduated before 2008. A previous deployment was reported by 55.1%. Among physicians with a deployment history, 20.8% reported difficulty prescribing contraception during deployment because they were unable to obtain a patient's desired method, 2.6% reported servicewomen not accessing contraception because of fear and stigma associated with sexual activity in the deployed setting, and 22.1% reported problems with both factors. Among physicians performing pre-deployment and other readiness visits for active duty servicewomen, 17.4% reported not discussing contraception at these encounters because of competing priorities and 1.5% because of ethical/religious concerns. Physicians who could offer more rapid access to subdermal implants (within 2 weeks) were more likely to discuss contraception (87.0% versus 64.7%, p = 0.005). When discussing the use of contraception in the deployed environment, 15.8% of physicians would not prescribe oral contraceptives, 12.3% would not prescribe intrauterine methods, and 14.3% would not prescribe subdermal implants. Physicians who previously deployed were more likely to report they would offer oral contraceptives (91% versus 75.0%, OR 3.4 [95% CI 1.44-8.48], p = 0.002) for women in the deployed setting compared to those who have not deployed. More timely (<2 weeks) access to subdermal implant insertion was associated with a greater rate of offering subdermal implants (91.9% versus 79.6%, p = 0.02). When discussing contraceptive options with all women, 27.3% of physicians do not prescribe emergency contraception because of training, ethical, and/or religious reasons. Some reported they would neither prescribe nor refer women for the following methods: emergency contraception (4.5%), intrauterine contraception (9.3%), and subdermal implants (7.3%). Conclusions: The results of this study support the need to develop a consistent, standardized, and evidence-based predeployment process and expanded resources in deployed environments for services related to the provision of reproductive health. Optimal strategies may aim to reduce barriers to care and enable the highest quality of health care through provider education, resource allocation, revised appointment times and content, and diversity among provider experience. Further research is needed to determine the influence of physician practice patterns on patient reproductive health outcomes and interventions to modify these practices to improve patient outcomes and military readiness.

domain: medical


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South African-headquartered telecommunications group MTN has announced it is joining forces with Spain’s Telefónica Group, one of the world’s biggest telecoms operators, to focus on growth areas such as enterprise business and machine-to-machine (M2M) communications.
The deal will see MTN joining the Telefónica Partners Programme, with the two companies set to “focus on capturing new opportunities in digital services”.
Telefónica has operations across Europe, Asia and the Americas, while MTN’s focus is on Africa and the Middle East.
The “strategic partnership agreement” will allow the companies to “work together to benefit from their joint scale, combined expertise and market access”, MTN said in a statement.
The Telefónica Partners Programme was launched in 2011 and already includes other operators in 35 markets in Europe, Latin America, Asia and the Middle East.
“Under the terms of the agreement, both companies have agreed to work together to capture synergies in a number of strategic areas,” MTN said.
“Many of the initial areas are aiming to improve both companies’ stand in regards to enterprise customers, including services to multinational companies in each other’s footprint, collaboration in M2M and new digital products and services targeting the business-to-business segment.”
The companies will share best practices to capture the new industry opportunities, MTN added. “Both companies will also enter into discussions on how to engage effectively in international wholesale, devices and network/IT procurement.”
Newly appointed MTN group chief digital officer Herman Singh said the companies will work together on innovation and bringing new products to market.
They will also take advantage of their combined scale in areas such as procurement. — (c) 2015 NewsCentral Media


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As photos and interviews roll in from the World Cup weekend of Milton Keynes, our contributor, Andy Ward spotted a unique Specialized CruX cyclocross bike ridden by rising U23 British star, Ben Sumner.
Sumner is relatively new not only to cyclocross, but cycling as a whole. Even as a focused runner instead of cyclocross racer, he made a splash in Great Britain last year, taking the overall National Trophy Series, and following it up with a bronze medal at the British Championships. This year he represented his country in the Men’s Elite Race in Milton Keynes. We will take a look at the bike he raced in the event.
Back in July, we took a First Look at Reynolds’ Assault Disc and reviewed the wheelset in the upcoming Issue 27. This is a marked change for Sumner, as last year he rode to the trophy championship with a cantilever frame, using Reynolds’ RZR deep-dish carbon wheels. When we caught up with the Reynolds design and product launch staff at Interbike 2014, they told us that the possibilities that came with using discs were equivalent to starting with a clean slate, especially as a brake track is no longer needed to be figured into the equation.
While the overall direction of cyclocross has been moving in the direction of disc brakes, with a few companies such as Giant and Cannondale no longer offering cantilever models in their lineups, the starting grids of many European races are still cantilever heavy. Even Jeremy Powers switches over to cantilevers when he competes overseas. This makes Sumner one of the less common European pros to make the switch.
With the reliability of Shimano Ultegra Di2 and increasing popularity of the CX1 system that incorporates SRAM Force components, 2014 has not been the year for spotting top-tier drivetrains on pro bikes, so Sumner certainly bucks the trends (as does Helen Wyman, who uses SRAM Red on her setup).
We couldn’t help but notice that Sumner’s bike included a DA 9000 crank, but was installed with with Ultegra cyclocross chainrings. The Dura-Ace specific plastic fairings makes the setup look incredibly smooth (and the reader should note that the Ultegra fairings that come with cyclocross rings don’t mate with DA crank’s spider). Sumner’s mechanic should get big props for the pro look. Still, Sven Nys’ custom 48/39 Hollowglide rings that we spotted at CLIF Bar CrossVegas might take the cake for a pro setup.
He paired his derailleurs with hydraulic R785 levers, which weigh in at a claimed 739g for the levers and brake calipers. While most cyclocross setups involve a 160mm rotor in the front, with a 140mm rotor in the back, it looks as if Sumner is doubling up on the 140mm sizing.
As for the tire choice, the Reynolds’ Assault Disc wheels are equipped with Challenge Limus Team Edition tubulars: a great choice considering how muddy the off-cambers became in Milton Keynes over the weekend.
When we reviewed the Specialized Crux Pro Race Disc (which came equipped with SRAM Red), we were impressed by nearly all of the design except for the seatpost, which we considered one of the worst we have tested for cyclocross. Time and time again, we have argued against the one bolt clamp system for a sport that involves remounting. Even the most graceful remounts can still send the saddle skyward, as we’ve experienced and seen with others, but we’re guessing Sumner is both lighter and more graceful than the average rider.
Another interesting choice is Sumner’s use of the m980 pedals. Many riders, including Sunday’s podium finisher Jonathan Page, use more affordable models such as the M540 due to the increased mud-clearance. Other riders, such as Marianne Vos, use heavily modified XTR pedals on their bike setup.
Want one for yourself? The S-Works CruX Di2, with Roval Control SL CX SCS wheels, will set you back $9,500. The CruX Pro Race UDi2 with Ultegra Di2 sits at $7,300.
Ben Sumner’s Specialized CruX Pro Race Disc Specs:
Frame: Specialized CruX Pro Race Disc
Stem: S-Works SL, alloy, 4-bolt
Handlebars: Specialized Comp
Front brake: Shimano R785 Hydraulic Disc Brake
Rear brake: Shimano R785 Hydraulic Disc Brake
Brake levers: Shimano R785 Di2 hydraulic disc
Front derailleur: Shimano Dura-Ace Di2 9070
Rear derailleur: Shimano Dura-Ace Di2 9070
Cassette: Shimano Dura-Ace, 11-28
Chain: Shimano Dura-Ace, 11spd
Crankset: Dura-Ace 9000 cranks w/ 46/36 Ultegra Chainrings
Pedals: Shimano XTR M980
Wheels: Reynolds Assault SLG Disc, Carbon Tubulars
Tires: Challenge Limus Team Edition
Saddle: Body Geometry Toupé Expert Gel
More Info: specialized.com

domain: sports


“The most beautiful thing we can experience is the mysterious. It is the source of all true art and science. He to whom the emotion is a stranger, who can no longer pause to wonder and stand wrapped in awe, is as good as dead —his eyes are closed.” On September 2, 2018 this quote of Albert Einstein accompanied the guests invited to gather in the performance hall of the Nadarzyn Center of Culture. It was a venue for the ceremony of awarding the Pearls of Culture, Science and Art of Nadarzyn Municipality. Among the first laureates of the Super Pearl were Irena Santor and Prof. Henryk Skarżyński, who received the award in recognition of his extraordinary scientific achievements, as well as a sign of respect and gratitude.
– Our municipality needs and appreciates persons, institutions, organizations that make Nadarzyn Municipality famous not only in our country, but also on the international forum, – said the Mayor Dariusz Zwoliński during his speech at the ceremony – Thanks to the people like you, dear Professor, we have become an attractive place to live, and also a welcoming localization for new investors. By giving my compliments to you, Professor, I am convinced that the Super Pearl statuette of Nadarzyn Municipality will not only be a sign of recognition of your achievements so far, but also another expression of our appreciation for your successes.
When handing the award the Mayor – Dariusz Zwoliński also thanked Prof. Henryk Skarżyński on behalf of an innumerable group of patients and their relatives whose lives were changed by him.
Receiving the award Prof. Henryk Skarżyński emphasized that it is very important to talk about Polish successes in every field.
– We need to make our society accustomed to a properly defined career. It is necessary to disseminate Polish achievements at the international, national and, of course, local level. In Poland, sometimes success is perceived as something suspicious. And it is not. The success of the people honored today originates from their hard work, sacrifices and taking risks. The success of the World Hearing Center team is the largest in the world number of daily performed surgeries to improve hearing. That is one thousand percent more than in any well-known American centers. Our Polish patients have access to the state-of-the art technologies, as the first or one of the first in the world. I am proud of this and we shall speak out about it.
Professor Skarżyński also added that he was very pleased with the fact that the World Hearing Center had been built in Nadarzyn Municipality, because for many years the regional and municipal authorities were very supportive of the Center’s activities.
This distinction has been awarded for the first time – and this year’s edition in a special way honors the people who make Nadarzyn Municipality famous throughout the world, and make the inhabitants very proud of them. The award was established to honor those who contribute to the promotion of the municipality in Poland and abroad and actively engage in the activities for the benefit of local community.
The ceremony was graced by a concert of the Heroes Orchestra.


CRESCENT LADY, the 2020 Crescent 117, designed by Gregory C. Marshall features strong profile lines with modern styling. She has a top speed of 26 knots and a range of 2,000 nm at economical speeds. Her main salon has an open floor plan that includes a formal dining area which connects to a country kitchen to port and opens up tp a spacious aft deck. Her wheelhouse offers additional sitting area for guests to enjoy the view when underway. Her sundeck is nicely arranged under a substantial hard top with plenty of seating and a center line upper helm complimented with wing stations to port and starboard. The boat deck is a highlight of the vessel and has a jacuzzi, proper BBQ, and plenty of space to store a tender and two jet skis.Key features include:Five guest staterooms including a a full beam master, which accommodate 10 guests in plush comfort, plus an additional three crew cabinsABT Trac Stabilizers for a comfortable ride even in rough seasJacuzzi on the Sun DeckABT Trac Bow and Stern Thrusters for safe and easy dockingTwin MTU Detroit Diesel 2735 hp engines which give you over 26 knots of full speed and come with a full two-year warranty (EIAPP certificates issued)Maretron Vessel MonitoringGarmin Navigation ElectronicsNot for Sale to US Residents while in US waters.


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Reset Or Restart A Pokemon Sun/moon Game
Resetting or restarting a Pokemon Sun/Moon game is an easy decision task with your 3DS reassure. Notwithstanding, kindly recall that How to Reset List of Cats in Pokemon Sun and Moon permits just a single dynamic save document at a time this means you cant have two dynamic games all at once, and you need to delete the current advancement.
- Stage 1: Open Pokemon Sun/Moon
- Step 2: In the menu screen, press Up + B + X at the same time.
- Stage 3: You will be provoked to erase saved information, select Yes.
The writing is on the wall! your past game advancement is presently deleted and supplanted with your new game. Presently its an ideal opportunity to start your experience in Alola locale indeed.
How To Reset Pokemon Y
There are three keys youll use a lot with both Pokemon X and Y. Pressing Up + B + X on the controller will reset your Pokemon Y game. These same keys are also what youll use when you want to restart the game from the beginning. Resetting the game is a good way to get early practice before you start hitting harder levels.
- Press Up + B + X
Start Or Restart A New Game
New players looking at how to start a Pokemon Sun game will follow the same instructions as those wanting to restart. The title screen has an option that will let you start the game. New players dont have to worry about erasing their progress, but old ones will.
Hitting the X, B, and Up buttons automatically gives you an option. You can cancel or delete your profile, restarting the game over. New players only need to pick a character and start playing the game.
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Re: Deleting Pokemon White 2 Save Files
Works for me.
Check your input mappings in your DeSmuME Preferences. By default, the input mappings for Up/Select/B are the keyboard keys Up Arrow/Tab/Z. The keys youre pressing are mapped to Up/A/B not the correct input combo for deleting the save.
Also make sure to read the FAQ, specifically the Mac Users section. It tells you that your DeSmuME files can be shown by choosing File > Reveal Game Data Folder in Finder. Your in-game saves will be in the Battery folder. Save State Slot files will be in the Save States folder.
Save State files can have either the .dst or .ds# file extension, depending on how they are saved. They are functionally identical. However, their usage is different, which is why two methods exist for saving them.
Save State files can be saved in one of two ways:1. An external Save State file : Choose File > Save State As. This allows you to save the Save State file where you want, but you need to keep track of its associated ROM so that it loads correctly. Best used if you want to use your Save State across multiple computers, create a Save State archive, allow for Time Machine backups, and so on.2. A slotted Save State file : Choose File > Save State Slot > Slot #. DeSmuME keeps track of the ROM association for you, but you are limited to only 10 slots. Best used for doing quick save-load cycles during gameplay.
Last edited by rogerman
Delete A Game Or Profile
Pokemon Y is the same as the X version. You can only have one game and profile saved. You can use the same 3DS console as a friend, but you both must have a separate card. When you want to start a new game or give your Pokemon Y to someone else, you want to delete your activity.
Youll go into the games menu and press the Up + X + B buttons. There is an option to delete your game and profile. Selecting Yes allows you or someone else to create a new profile and play a new game.
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Catch Regirock Regice And Registeel
Like the old Ruby/Sapphire/Emerald games, catching Regirock, Regice, and Registeel requires a few specific conditions to be met. Here are the conditions:
- Have a Relicanth on the first slot of your party.
- Have a Wailord on the last slot of your party.
- Have the moves Surf, Dive, Dig, Fly, and Strength.
It might help to also learn Braille or have a guide ready just in case.
First thing you need to do is cause an earthquake near Pacifidlog Town. Once you do this, the caves keeping Regirock, Regice, and Registeel will open.
Here are the places where you can find them:
- Regirock can be found in the cave at the south area of the desert near Lavaridge Town.
- Regice can be found in the Island Cave north of Route 105.
- Registeel can be found in the Ancient Tomb on Route 120.
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How Do You Start Pokemon Ultra Sun Again
How to start a new game in Pokémon Ultra Sun and Moon
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How To Perform A Soft Reset On Pokemon Sun
If youre a pokemon master, youre familiar with the concept of a soft reset. For those who are unaware
In Pokemon, what is a soft reset?
Soft Reset is a function in Pokemon games that requires simultaneously pressing several buttons on the gaming console. Your stored file will not be deleted if you use Soft Resetting or SRing. It will send you to the starting screen instead. This function comes in handy while looking for shiny Pokemon.
To get Shiny Starters and Good Nature Legendaries, most players utilize a soft reset. By now, youve chosen one of the pokemon sun starters.
But what if I told you that as the Pokemon Sun Best Starter, you can receive a shiny starter? .
To soft reset a Pokemon game, press the same button sequence that you used while hard resetting.
You may inquire:
How many soft resets do you need to obtain a shining starter?
You must complete 1893 gentle resets to improve your chances of obtaining a shining beginning. You can do three soft resets in under a minute. So, to obtain a sparkling beginning, youll need around 10 and a half hours.
Thats a lot of work to obtain a gleaming.
But its well worth it.
Is it true that gentle resetting increases the odds of a shiny result?
Yes, you guessed correctly. Soft resetting is a technique for increasing the likelihood of capturing shinies.
Is soft resetting your 3DS harmful? No, a soft reset will not harm your Nintendo 3DS.
How do you soft reset a Nintendo 3DS Pokemon game?
Can You Get All 3 Starters In Pokemon Sun
Yes, you can get all three starters in Pokemon Sun if you have 3 NDSs. Trade the starter pokemon in one of the three saved files and you can now complete the Pokedex in the Alola Region and get the Certificate and Shiny Charm.
What if you dont have 3 NDSs?
Well, in that case, you have to reset the Pokemon game every time and trade it with a friend. And then restart Pokemon Sun and get back all the starter pokemons from your friend.
Soft reset pokemon sun to get a shiny starter. The chance of getting a shiny is 1 out of 4,096.
So, yeah, 4096 resets and one shiny pokemon!
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Why Should I Reset Pokemon Sun
Although the game is going to be the same, the gaming experience will differ. You will fall in love with the game when you have your favorite Pokémon. And here is your trick to get your favorite Pokémon Just reset the game!!
Is it that easy? Actually, yes, but each time you reset, you get a new Pokémon.
So, if you have a particular Pokémon in mind, it wont be that easy. But some people do it for the shiny Pokémon.
Note: Reset pokemon sun as many times as you want to find your Pokémon
If you are one among those shiny Pokémon lovers, then you have an easier chance of finding what you need. Shiny Pokémons are nothing, but it is the Pokémons that have a better and shiny appearance than non-shiny versions of themselves.
So thats it! All you need to do is reset the game as many times as you want to find your Pokémon. But do you find a reset button on your menu? So, there is the other tricky part.
There are few steps given below on how to reset Pokémon sun. Its pretty simple. However, there is one thing you need to know about it- Pokémon sun supports only one saved game at a time, which is why you cant play with 2 starter Pokémons simultaneously.
Go Beyond: Pokmon Originally Discovered In The Kalos Region Are Coming
Pokémon originally discovered in Kanto, Johto, Hoenn, Sinnoh, Unova, Alola, and Galar have all been seen in Pokémon GO so far. But on Wednesday, December 2, 2020, youll also begin to see Pokémon originally discovered in Kalos, the region where Mega Evolution was first discovered!
Pokémon originally discovered in the Kalos region are coming!
Pokémon such as Chepsin, Fennekin, Froakie, Fletchling, and their Evolutions will be coming to Pokémon GOincluding the highly anticipated Greninja and Talonflame! Pyroar will also be available in both of its forms. Heres a list of many of the Pokémon you can expect to encounter either in the wild, through Evolution, or by hatching Eggs starting on December 2, 2020.
Celebrate the arrival of new Pokémon with a special event!
From Wednesday, December 2, 2020, at 10:00 a.m. to Tuesday December 8, 2020, at 10:00 p.m. local time, Pokémon originally discovered in the Kalos region will be appearing more often in the wild! More details to come soon.
A mysterious Raid Egg?
There seems to be a mysterious Pokémon preparing to hatch from a one-star Raid Egg soon! Were tracking the progress of this Egg on our social channels, and we might need your help to get it to hatch sooner!
The Pokémon GO team
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How To Delete A Save File In Pokemon Sun
For deleting a saved file in pokemon ultra sun you need to know how to reset the pokemon games in 3 DS.
Hold the Up button , X, and B at once when the intro cutscene of the game pops up. This will lead you to a text box saying, Would you like to delete all saved data? , You cannot recover deleted data, so, are you sure you want to delete it?. You can click either Yes or No depending on your preferences.
But dont delete your saved file too often. Because Pokemon Sun and Pokemon Moon are big games that need hours of gameplay to finish.
Instead, complete the pokedex and finish the adventures of the Alola region.
Transfer Pokemon To Pokemon Bank/home
After all is said and done, there’s not much else to do in Ultra Sun and Moon. The main parts of the community have moved onto the latest entry, so online features are likely more barren than on launch. However, there are a lot of memories in these games, and those who have completed the Pokedex don’t want to see that time go to waste.
Nintendo’s newest features to trade Pokemon up include both Pokemon Bank and Pokemon Home. Once a Pokemon is sent to Home through Bank, it can’t return to Alola. Additionally, if a Pokemon doesn’t have a green card to get into Galar, it is forced to sit in Home purgatory until its day comes. However, it’s a safe place to store your Pokemon and frees up your copy of Ultra Sun or Moon for other use.
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Mantine Surfing & Pokdex Completion
Mantine Surfing is an activity that you will undoubtedly be familiar with. While progressing through the story, you’ll need to surf to get to the next island. There are four courses, each with increasing difficulty and you’ll need to complete them all in order to unlock something special. If you manage to become the number one Mantine Surfer in Alola, head over to the Boss of the Surf Association located at their Heahea branch. You’ll be given a Surfing Pikachu as a reward.
Of course, the main thing to do after beating the game is filling up your Pokédex. Many of the previous entries have mentioned ways to do this but there are a couple more ways of note. You can find Zygarde at Resolution cave on Poni Island. Another Cosmog at the Lake of the Sunne/Moone with Solgaleo/Lunala after going through a particular Ultra Wormhole. And of course, make sure to trade to collect them all!
How To Reset Pokemon X
What you find on this page:
When you want to reset Pokemon X on your 3DS, the usual method of pressing up and selecting B on the title screen wont work. Dont worry, theres a simple solution. You can try pressing the left and right buttons on the controller and then start for a soft reset. It doesnt always work and theres a better option.
- Press Up + B + X on the title screen
Youll successfully reset the game. You can also find this same combination when you press Home during the game. At the top of the screen, youll see a Manual tab that will help you reset Pokemon X.
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Pokemon Go Type Effectiveness Multiplier
Just how effective a Pokemons move is actually depends entirely on the game itself. Type advantages in Pokemon Sword and Shield are generally more pronounced, with effective attacks being twice as strong.
One part of mastering the art of Trainer Battles is understanding how the types of your Pokémons moves affect the Pokémon youre battling. Heres a chart that shows which types are super effective vs. which Pokémon. Good luck and #GOBattle! ?
Pokemon Go has a smaller multiplier when it comes to typings. However, this does not discount how important the selection of your Pokemon is before a battle. You can gain a massive advantage if youre aware of the weaknesses and strengths of certain types.
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How To Restart In Pokemon Ultra Sun And Ultra Moon
Pokemongames are somewhat notorious for only having one save file. What if you want to play as a different gender, have a different team, choose Popplio instead of Rowlet all on the same card? Unfortunately, Game Freak didn’t see fit to address that problem with its latest games, so the only way to get a do-over in Pokemon Ultra Sun and Ultra Moon is to start over completely. But the games don’t do a tremendously good job of telling you how to do that. In fact, they don’t tell you period.
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Pokemon Go Unova Stones: Who To Evolve
Theres a bunch of new Pokemon in the game now, but theres only a few specific ones that will evolve with a Pokemon Go Unova Stone:
- Pansage evolves into Simisage with an Unova Stone and 100 candy
- Panpour evolves into Simipour with an Unova Stone and 100 candy
- Pansear evolves into Simisear with an Unova Stone and 100 candy
- Lampent evolves into Chandelure with an Unova Stone and 100 candy
- Minccino evolves into Cinccino with an Unova Stone and 100 candy
- Eelektrik evolves into Eelektross with an Unova Stone and 100 candy
- Munna evolves into Musharna with an Unova Stone and 50 candy
Its worth noting that Pansage, Panpour, and Pansear are all regional Pokemon, and you can read more about that at our Pokemon Go regionals guide.
Good luck getting an Unova Stone youll need it!
One of the resident guide writers around these parts, give me a game and I will write every how to I possibly can or die trying. When Im not knee-deep in a game to write guides on, youll find me hurtling round the track in F1, flinging balls on my phone in Pokemon Go, pretending to know what Im doing in Football Manager, or clicking on heads in Valorant.
How To Reset Pokemon Sun And Moon
Are you a Pokémon addict? Then you know how amazing it is to play Pokémon sun on your Nintendo. You wont be fortunate enough to get an excellent-looking starter Pokémon all the time, but you know how important it is!! Youll need to reset your game if did not get an excellent starter Pokemon.
There are plenty of reasons why one want to scrap their old save file.
Mostly, you dont like your starter Pokemon, or you want to create a new character, or change the language of the game or just want to change your character name.
Whatever maybe the reason, you should know how to reset Pokemon Sun and Moon.
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Pokmon Sun And Moon Soft Reset: How To Get Shiny Starters And Good Nature Legendaries
Veteran Pokémon trainers are aware of the Soft Reset method for getting desired Natures and stats for Pokémon that are one time only. This is normally used for Mystery Gift Pokémon where players can Soft Reset to go back to the same spot over and over again.
To Soft Reset in Pokémon Sun and Moon, you just have to press L+R+SELECT and the game will bring you right back to the start menu.
However, the Soft Reset method can also be used to get Shiny Pokémon when you cant get them anywhere else. This includes Legendary Pokémon in Omega Ruby and Alpha Sapphire and the Starter Pokémon.
In Pokémon Sun and Moon, Legendary Pokémon and Ultra Beasts are Shiny Locked, meaning their shiny forms are not available in-game, but the Starter Pokémon are.
The Starter Pokémon are your first partners in Sun and Moon, and if you are patient enough, you can get the rare shiny form of either Rowlet, Litten or Popplio. If you want a Shiny Starter Pokémon to start your Sun and Moon adventures, youll need a lot of time and some luck.
You will first have to get through the opening scenes of Sun and Moon up to when Tapu Koko saves you on the bridge. Once that happens, save your progress here. If you dont and Soft Reset youll have to go through the entire story again.
Once you choose your Starter Pokémon you wont know if its a Shiny until you are able to nickname it. If it doesnt end up being a Shiny just Soft Reset from here and start over.


RICHMOND, Va. (AP) — One of Democratic Virginia Gov. Terry McAuliffe’s biggest donors and political allies has turned against him with an advertisement campaign condemning him for a deal he struck with GOP leaders on gun policy.
Former New York Mayor Michael Bloomberg’s group Everytown for Gun Safety took out a full-page ad in the Richmond Times-Dispatch on Tuesday declaring that “Terry McAuliffe is wrong” and urging residents to pressure him to scrap the deal, which the group is portraying as a win for the gun lobby. Everytown has also been running online advertisements comparing McAuliffe to the head of the National Rifle Association.
The ad blitz comes as the Republican-controlled House prepares to vote this week on the gun legislation, which would reverse Attorney General Mark Herring’s action invalidating the concealed handgun permits of residents from more than two dozen states outside of Virginia. The legislation would require the attorney general to enter into reciprocity agreements with states whose permits haven’t previously been recognized in Virginia.
McAuliffe’s administration is dismissing Everytown’s attacks and standing by the deal, which it says as a whole will make residents safer. In exchange for the restoration of the concealed-carry reciprocity agreements, Republicans have agreed to back legislation long sought by Democrats that would prohibit people subject to a protective order from carrying firearms and require police presence at gun shows for voluntary background checks.
“The governor is disappointed that Michael Bloomberg and Everytown are engaged in a counterproductive political attack rather than building on a clear win for public safety in Virginia,” said McAuliffe spokesman Brian Coy. Coy accused Everytown of trying to mislead Virginians about what the gun compromise does and said he doesn’t think that an out-of-state group will succeed in preventing the legislation from getting to the governor’s desk.
Everytown’s newspaper ad seeks to debunk some of McAuliffe’s recent claims about the gun deal, saying among other things that the legislation doesn’t ensure that domestic abusers or other criminals who were already denied a permit in Virginia couldn’t get one from another state.
A spokeswoman for the group declined to say how much it is spending on its ad campaign against McAuliffe.
Bloomberg has been one of McAuliffe’s biggest political patrons. His political action committee was McAuliffe’s single largest non-party donor during his successful 2013 gubernatorial bid. That PAC, called Independence USA, spent more than $1.7 million helping McAuliffe win and another $1.4 million helping McAuliffe’s Democratic allies.
Last year, when control of the state Senate was up for grabs, Bloomberg’s Everytown was the single biggest spender, pumping $2.4 million into campaigns. The massive spending did not have the desired effect, as Republicans retained their single-seat majority in the Senate.
Bloomberg has a long history of trying to influence gun laws and sales in the Old Dominion. As mayor he sent undercover investigators to Virginia and several other states posing as people who wanted to make “straw purchases” of guns intended for other people. Based on the sting operation, New York City sued dozens of gun dealers, including seven in Virginia.
Virginia’s General Assembly responded by enacting a law to make gun-straw-purchase sting operations a felony.
Associated Press writer Alan Suderman contributed to this report.
Copyright 2016 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.