text:
To investigate the relation between Asian ethnicity/national origin and low birth weight (<2,500 g), the authors analyzed singleton live births among 50,044 Asian and 221,866 white women who delivered in Califomia during 1992.
Ethnic and subgroup differences in prenatal characteristics and birth weight outcomes were found between Asian and white women and between Asian subgroups.
In unadjusted comparisons, very low birth weight (500-1,499 g) was more likely among Filipino women and less likely among Chinese women, relative to whites.
Moderately low birth weight (1,500-2,499 g) was more likely among Cambodian, Filipino, Indian, Japanese, Laotian, and Thai women and was less likely among Koreans, relative to whites.
In multivariate analyses, Filipino women remained at increased risk of both very low and moderately low birth weight, while Cambodian, Indian, and Laotian women had elevated odds of moderately low birth weight.
Chinese women were less likely to have very low birth weight infants than were whites.
Utilization of prenatal care was also associated with low birth weight.
Perinatal outcomes among Asians vary by national origin, and accepted risk factors that were studied only partially explain this variation.
Mots-clés Pascal : Poids naissance faible, Poids naissance très faible, Epidémiologie, Asiatique, Ethnie, Californie, Etats Unis, Amérique du Nord, Amérique, Nourrisson, Homme, Lieu naissance, Race, Soin, Prénatal, Prématuré, Gestation pathologie, Prématurité, Nouveau né pathologie
Mots-clés Pascal anglais : Low birth weight, Very low birthweight, Epidemiology, Asiatic, Ethnic group, California, United States, North America, America, Infant, Human, Birth place, Race, Care, Prenatal, Premature, Pregnancy disorders, Prematurity, Newborn diseases
Notice produite par :
Inist-CNRS - Institut de l'Information Scientifique et Technique
Cote : 97-0180922
Code Inist : 002B20F02. Création : 21/05/1997.

domain: literature


text:
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Last Updated: 01/06/2023

domain: law


text:
Not Henry Kissinger
Published 4:00 am, Tuesday, December 3, 2002
THE TERRORIST attacks on Sept. 11, 2001, left a gaping wound in the nation's psyche. That is why we need an independent commission that not only investigates why the government failed to avert the deadliest attack in our nation's history, but also helps heal the nation's lingering sense of shock.
Henry Kissinger, however, is the wrong person.
He is too controversial and divisive. Some critics have even cast him as a war criminal -- for his role in the secret bombing of Cambodia, and in the violent 1973 military coup in Chile.
It is true that Kissinger, a master political statesman, has extensive experience in foreign diplomacy. But he is also famous for conducting governmental affairs with secrecy and even deceit. "He has no shortage of secrets of his own," says Steven Aftergood, who heads the project on government secrecy at the Federation of American Scientists.
Like the panels that investigated the 1941 Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor and the 1963 assassination of President Kennedy, the Sept. 11 commission will inevitably raise as many questions as it answers.
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The value of such an inquiry is, therefore, partly symbolic: We need an honest and open investigation -- not only to suggest future reforms, but also to help the nation recover from its collective loss of innocence.
The person who leads such an investigation must lend the greatest possible credibility through a proven commitment to humanitarian goals and enjoy widespread public respect. Former New York City Mayor Rudy Giuliani and former President Jimmy Carter are two names that come to mind. Henry Kissinger is one that does not.

domain: news


Public Image Limited to headline at Beautiful Days
The organisers of East Devon’s award-winning music extravaganza, Beautiful Days festival, have announced Public Image Limited is to headline the popular family event.
Public Image Limited is to headline East Devon’s Beautiful Day’s festival, the organisers of the popular family event have announced today.
Visitors flocking to Escot Park, near Ottery St Mary, keen to celebrate the festival’s 10th birthday, August 17 to 19, will also be treated to the sounds of Frank Turner & The Sleeping Souls, the Levellers plus Midlake, Jethro Tull’s Ian Anderson playing the Thick as a Brick album, Richard Thompson, The Waterboys, New Model Army.
Festival spokeswoman Laura Farrow said many more acts were still to be announced.
She said: “Widely regarded as one of the most innovative and influential bands of all time, Public Image Limited have been announced to headline the Levellers’ Beautiful Days festival in Devon on the Saturday this August.
“Frank Turner & The Sleeping Souls, who have enjoyed a massively successful last few years and are to play a headline show at Wembley Arena in April, are back at Escot Park by popular demand to headline the main stage on Friday night.
“Festival founders Levellers, who release new studio album Static On The Airwaves, in June will close the celebrations on the Sunday night followed by a firework spectacular.
- 1 OPINION: Hi-Tech – Is North Devon ahead or behind the curve?
- 2 Masons donate £20,000 to food banks
- 3 Steve’s family and friends bring Christmas to hospital ward
- 4 Property of the Week: Some of the finest views of North Devon's coast
- 5 Specialist fire crews rescue horse trapped in ditch
- 6 Village halls offered cash helping hand in Covid battle
- 7 Covid-19 ventilation advice for North Devon landlords
- 8 Together we can look forward to 2022
- 9 North Devon Weekend Football Results
- 10 Refresh your New Year’s wardrobe by donating unwanted clothes for a good cause
“Headlining The Big Top is Jethro Tull’s Ian Anderson plays Thick as a Brick, where Ian Anderson commemorates the 40th Anniversary of the groundbreaking album playing it in its entirety for the first time since its original tour.
“The festival is also delighted to welcome a host of other names including some more friends from previous years who are returning to Escot Park for the festival’s 10th year celebrations.”
While the acts for the The Little Big Top, Bimble Inn, The Band Stand andr the brand new Theatre Tent - which will be hosting theatre, puppet and musical performances throughout the day and stand-up comedy in the early evening – are yet to be announced, acts on the Main Stage and Big Top include folk-rockers The Waterboys, cult punk-rock band New Model Army, the energetic and outstanding folk big band Bellowhead and American ska-punk band Reel Big Fish.
Inspiral Carpets, who regrouped in 2011 with their original line-up, Alabama 3, are returning to play an electric set.
The festival’s traditional Sunday theme is still to be announced. .
Last year Beautiful Days festival was announced winner of Best Family Festival at the UK Festival Awards 2011.
• Tickets for the 10th Beautiful Days festival are on sale now from www.levellers.co.uk and www.seetickets.com
For more information about the festival go to www.beautifuldays.org


text:
Upgrade your bike with the TongSheng TSDZ2 36V 250W 350W 48V 500W Torque Sensored DIY eBike Mid Drive Crank Motor Kit. This kit is designed to fit 95% of standard bike frames with a 68-73mm bottom bracket, making it a versatile option for most riders. With its lightweight design, it is 30% lighter than a Bafang motor while providing almost the same power output.
Zero Start Performance
The TongSheng TSDZ2 motor is equipped with a torque sensor that accurately detects the foot force applied by the rider. This allows the motor to provide an immediate and accurate torque signal even when the bike is at rest, resulting in excellent zero start performance.
When climbing a hill, the TongSheng TSDZ2 motor provides a labor-saving experience similar to starting on flat ground. It is extremely energy efficient and power-saving, allowing you to ride longer distances without feeling exhausted.
The TongSheng TSDZ2 motor ensures a safe riding experience. The electric power output is synchronized with the pedaling force, meaning that as soon as the rider releases the pedal, the power is immediately cut off. This eliminates the need for an electric brake and enhances safety. Additionally, when the crank is idling, the motor will not turn, making it operate like a regular bicycle.
With its proportional output to the rider’s input, the TongSheng TSDZ2 motor offers a perfect combination of human and machine power. The motor’s extra support mount ensures a reliable installation, making it even more dependable than a Bafang BBS motor.
Frequently Asked Questions
1. Can I install the TongSheng TSDZ2 motor on any bike?
The TongSheng TSDZ2 motor is designed to fit 95% of standard bike frames with a 68-73mm bottom bracket. However, it is always recommended to check the compatibility of your specific bike frame before making a purchase.
2. How much weight can the TongSheng TSDZ2 motor support?
The TongSheng TSDZ2 motor can support a maximum weight of [insert maximum weight here]. It is important to ensure that the total weight of the rider and any additional load does not exceed this limit to maintain optimal performance.
3. Is the TongSheng TSDZ2 motor easy to install?
Yes, the TongSheng TSDZ2 motor is designed for DIY installation. It comes with detailed instructions and all the necessary components for a hassle-free installation process. However, if you are not familiar with bike mechanics, it is recommended to seek professional assistance.
4. Can I use the TongSheng TSDZ2 motor in rainy conditions?
The TongSheng TSDZ2 motor is designed to be weather-resistant, allowing you to ride in light rain without any issues. However, it is not recommended to submerge the motor in water or expose it to heavy rain for extended periods of time, as it may damage the internal components.

domain: hobby


text:
As a minister to students, a new school year provides fresh opportunities to disciples young people. And one of the ways we can do this is by providing our teenagers with good books. Tim Challies has a list, 10 Books Every Christian Teenager Should Read, that I couldn’t agree with more. As I was thinking through other books I might add, I came across some other lists that are worth checking out: 27 Books Christian Teens Should Read and Top 10 Books for Youth Groups.
These books provide a helpful guide for student ministers as they seek to equip and send out students for the gospel.
I also want to suggest some of the books we have used or hope to use within our own student ministry. Additionally, I have categorized these books within some of the essential categories we think through within our student ministry. Some of these books are written with teenagers in mind—many of them are relatively short and accessible—but all of them are worth every teenager reading. Additionally, I think these books provide a helpful guide for student ministers as they seek to equip and send out students for the gospel.
Gospel Clarity: Helping students know and share the gospel
- The Explicit Gospel by Matt Chandler
- Honest Evangelism: How to talk about Jesus even when it’s tough (Live Different) by Rico Tice
- The Unbelievable Gospel: Say Something Worth Believing by Jonathan Dodson
Trustworthy Faith: Helping students grow confident in what they believe & why
- Taking God At His Word: Why the Bible Is Knowable, Necessary, and Enough, and What That Means for You and Me by Kevin DeYoung
- Truth Matters: Confident Faith in a Confusing World by Andreas Köstenberger, Darrell Bock, and Josh Chatraw
- Making Sense of God: An Invitation to the Skeptical by Timothy Keller
Personal Holiness: Helping students fight sin and walk in holiness
- Licensed to Kill: A Field Manual for Mortifying Sin by Brian Hedges
- The Hole in Our Holiness (Paperback Edition): Filling the Gap between Gospel Passion and the Pursuit of Godliness by Kevin DeYoung
- A Man’s Greatest Challenge by Dai Hankey / True Beauty by Caroline Mahaney
Purity Matters: Helping students pursue purity and understand their sexuality
- Purity is Possible by Hellen Thorne / Finally Free: Fighting for Purity with the Power of Grace by Heath Lambert
- Do Ask, Do Tell, Let’s Talk: Why and How Christians Should Have Gay Friends by Brad Hambrick / What Does the Bible Really Teach about Homosexuality? by Kevin DeYoung / Talking Points: Transgender by Vaughn Roberts
- Sex, Dating, and Relationships: A Fresh Approach by Gerald Heistand and Jay Thomas
Spiritual Discipline: Helping students develop disciplines for growth and maturity
- Foundations – Teen Devotional: A 260-Day Bible Reading Plan for Busy Teens by Robby Gallaty
- Habits of Grace: Enjoying Jesus through the Spiritual Disciplines by David Mathis
- A Praying Life: Connecting With God In A Distracting World by Paul Miller
Meaningful Community: Helping students desire & enjoy life together in the local church
- Church Membership: How the World Knows Who Represents Jesus by Jonathan Leeman
- What Do You Think of Me? Why Do I Care?: Answers to the Big Questions of Life by Ed Welch
- Relationships: A Mess Worth Making by Timothy Lane and Paul Tripp
Missional Living: Helping students see their everyday life in light of God’s mission
- I Am Going by Daniel Akin
- Life on Mission: Joining the Everyday Mission of God by Dustin Wills and Aaron Coe
- Don’t Waste Your Life by John Piper
Disciple Making: Helping students know what it means to be a disciple and make disciples
- Growing Up: How to Be a Disciple Who Makes Disciples by Robby Gallaty
- Discipling: How to Help Others Follow Jesus by Mark Dever
- Aspire: Part One: Transformed by the Gospel and Aspire: Part Two: Transformed by the Gospel by Matt Rogers
If you are a parent, some of these books would make a great gift. Others would be a helpful tool to use to walk through a difficult issue your teen may be facing. If you are a student minister, some of these books may provide direction for a teaching series. Others may prove helpful in thinking through your approach to various topics. Either way, I hope the Lord uses them to help anchor the teenagers around you in the gospel.
This article originally appeared here.
In a changing world, your children will have questions you may not know how to answer. Join us for the fourth annual ERLC National Conference on “Parenting: Christ-Centered Parenting in a Complex World” on August 24-26, 2017 in Nashville, TN, this event will welcome key speakers including Russell Moore, Jim Daly, Sally Lloyd-Jones, Todd Wagner, and Jen Wilkin. Learn more here.

domain: library


text:
Thousands of families are walking for days in search of food in a triangle of hunger where the borders of Ethiopia, Kenya and Somalia meet. Hundreds already have died, and images of children with skinny, malnourished bodies are becoming commonplace in this corner of Africa.http://www.google.com/hostednews/ap/article/ALeqM5iiXt67r1B3ImhrzmFRkXgHb0Q8Lg?docId=1e52fa8827834e9f905a0ea4249d3455
Even Somalia's top militant group is asking the aid agencies it once banned from its territories to return. Thirsty livestock are dying by the thousands, and food prices have risen beyond what many families can afford.
Hawo Ibrahim said she and her seven children trekked 15 days from a town in southern Somalia before reaching a refugee camp in northeast Kenya.
"We have seen misery and hunger on our way," said Ibrahim, 32, who said her husband went mad after the family lost its livestock to drought. "The most painful thing was when you don't get anything for your thirsty and hungry children."
Aid agencies are appealing for tens of millions of dollars in emergency funding. Oxfam — which hopes to raise $80 million, its largest ever appeal for Africa — says 12 million people are affected by hunger. At least 500 Somalis are known to have died from drought-related diseases, though Oxfam says the actual number is likely higher.
Some nations are hopeless basket cases, which no amount of foreign aid can cure.
A different solution - - emigration? resettlement? - - is required.


text:
Do you ever feel that your spirit needs refueling because of the unwanted things in life that connect themselves to you (it can feel like each day is something)?
If so, I have been there, done that (still experience those days), and now I'm here to share how you can begin to have your spirit refueled. Be sure to listen to episode 37 to grab a quick word of encouragement that will set you on the path to having your spirit lifted so that you can find the strength you need to move forward.
I would love to hear your thoughts. Don't forget to rate and subscribe to this podcast!
Much love to you, and thank you for listening! ☺
Let's stay connected!
- Dr. E's FB group www.facebook.com/groups/retreattolove offers a safe space for women to receive encouragement and support on those days where you feel like you need it the most!
Looking for words of encouragement that meet you where you are? Visit:
-Folllow me on social!

domain: psychology


text:
Zap Gel Glue .10 oz (3 Gram) Tube
Zap Gel Glue 3g is a strong jewellery glue perfect for using on Kumihimo projects and many other uses too. It is flexible and photosafe too which ensures no damage or discolouring to the glue caused by light.
With a precise nossel for ease of application it also cures in approx 15 seconds. However it is recommend to leave overnight until you wear your piece of jewellery.
- Bonds to glass, wood, plastics, tin, metal, ceramic, cement, rubber, vinyl, leather, fabric and more
- Glue dries clear and flexible
- Temperature resistant

domain: chemistry


Internal monitoring of 4/20 mA loop circuitry continuously
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The Manning Systems by Honeywell EC-P2 Gas Sensor exhibits excellent accuracy and precision, with ne..
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The Manning GM-JR Gas Monitor is a readout/alarm unit that can be configured in a variety of ways to..
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The Manning Systems by Honeywell HA40 Gas Detector is designed to provide simultaneous display and a..
The Manning Systems by Honeywell HA71 Gas Detector has 16 Channels and is designed to provide simult..


text:
Some theater al fresco? Queen City Flash is a flash-mob theater company working its way through Mark Twain’s adventures of Tom Sawyer and Huck Finn with imaginative, pop-up performances in local parks. This month they conclude their spirited four-part adaptation with Detective. Huck and Tom’s adventure involves solving a murder to clear an innocent friend. Tickets are free, but reserved in advance for a date and time. On the performance day, ticket-holders are emailed a map and parking instructions. Getting there — maybe to a Cincinnati park you’ve never visited — is part of the fun. As is the lively show.
7:30 p.m. daily. Through Monday. Free; reservations required. Locations vary, queencityflash.com.

domain: entertainment


Download this Track
Buy on Vinyl/CD
Producer: Arif Mardin
Tags: US #3 Hit, Synthpop, Hip-Hop, Grammy Award Winner, US Dance #1 Hit, US R&B #1 Hit, Single, UK #1 Hit, WhoSampled #1
Main genre: Soul / Funk / Disco
Producer: Sylvia Robinson
Tags: Old School Hip-Hop
Main genre: Hip-Hop / R&B
Contributed by walter (4357 submissions)
I think the F5 song actually samples "I Feel For You".
The Jackson 5's Walk On sample of Isaac Hayes's Walk on By
Justin Timberlake's Don't Hold the Wall sample of Cirque Du Soleil's Steel Dream
Justin Timberlake's Don't Hold the Wall sample of Bunny Sigler's Shake Your Booty
J Dilla's Track 05 (Beat CD '05 #3) sample of Smokey Robinson and The Miracles's Much Better Off
Little Mix's How Ya Doin'? sample of Curiosity Killed the Cat's Name and Number
Copyright © 2015 WhoSampled.com Limited. All rights reserved.


text:
Another Literary Dynasty, 2011
6 parts, 33 x 46 x 38 cm
Bleached Madrone Burl
Sarah Myerscough Fine Arts
SOFA NYC: The Best Bits from Mark Lyman, Leslie Ferrin, Sienna Freeman, David Revere McFadden
Interviews by Cappi Wiilliamson
The Sculpture Objects & Functional Art Fair impressed fair-goers from April 20-23rd at the Park Avenue Armory. Visitors traveled through a celestial mise-en-scene created by architect David Ling into a world of glasswork, silverwork, sculpture, porcelain, wood, and, in all things, beauty and invention. Gallerists and dealers from as far away as Tel-Aviv and London and as near as Hudson, New York brought their most cutting-edge wares in the world of contemporary decorative arts: a Jean-Francois Thierion stoneware vase comes under the same roof as a Kent Townsend zircote coffee table and a David Bielander pearl brooch. The fair asked us to transcend labels like “furniture” and “jewelry” and question the very definition of art. Here, we talk with the curators and gallerists redefining contemporary arts and design at this year’s SOFA NYC.
Leslie Ferrin is the owner of Ferrin Gallery. This year, the gallery presented Covet, an installation of new works by ten top ceramicists including Molly Hatch, Kurt Weiserand Sergei Isupov. From simple updates of content and cultural perspective to recreations in new technology, Covet artists reinterpret historic museum artworks in collaboration with curators from the likes of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the Museum of Arts and Design, Museum of Fine Arts Boston and others.
How did the COVET project come about, and what do you hope that it achieved?
COVET was originally inspired by conversations between Museum of Fine Arts Boston curator, Emily Zilber and designer/artists Molly Hatch about the direct relationship between contemporary artists and historic artworks in museum collections. Starting in summer of 2011, a formal dialog began between artists and the museum curators responsible for specific artworks or collections. The exhibition will present new artworks inspired by the curator/artist conversations about content, context, social history and patronage. The project has exceeded all our expectations. With Adrienne Spinozzi working with Alice Frelinghuysen at the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the artists have been given full access to information about the works they reference both in person and through the use of their online digital material. The same has been true at all the other museums and with curators involved with the project. They've each opened their offices, storage and helped our artists develop a deeper involvement with the material that inspires them. At SOFA New York, we preview just the first artworks to be produced in the project, our summer programs in the Berkshires will involve more artists and works in all mediums. Our programming taking place during the fair will bring artists and curators from throughout the country to a series of talks, panels and conversations and gives the public an opportunity to participate in the process and explore their own "covetousness.
The COVET project is intended to look at historical artworks through the interpretations of the contemporary artists who are inspired by them. Talk about some of your own favorite historical artists/artworks. Who or what has inspired you?
The inspiration for COVET began with the dialog begun between Molly Hatch and curator Emily Zilber about the powerful John Singer Sargent family portrait of the Daughters of Edward Darley Boit, 1882. The painting is prominently on view in the newly opened American Wing at the Museum of Fine Arts Boston, positioned between the two large scale 19th century Japanese porcelain vases in the painting. It was one of those moments when it became clear that the relationship established by the installation and placement of the Japanese vases portrayed in the painting on either side, was exactly what were doing in the present with our artists producing both two and three dimensional works. It turns out that several of the artists we were working with felt the same way and were inspired to produce new works based on the painting and the concept of two and three dimensions. At SOFA you will see a photograph by Bill Wright that references the actual painting through subject and content and works by Molly Hatch that use other paintings in the collection and features sculptural figures as silhouette.
Can you discuss one or two of the pairings to be presented, and what makes them especially interesting.
Look at the work of Giselle Hicks, whose work is informed conceptually by European still life paintings, she "covets" the beauty of the temporal moment expressed in the paintings, the careful detailed paintings of flowers that were once alive, captured in their best moment by the painter. She produces works that are equally beautiful and capture the spirit in those paintings, in real life moments in three dimensions through ceramic still life artworks. Also see how Molly Hatch is exploring engravings through her plate series and her paintings with three dimensional figures in silhouette.
What are you most interested to see at SOFA this year?
How we solve the problem of how to present all the incredible work we have in an installation that makes sense to the viewer. Sienna Patti, my co-curator and director of a gallery that specializes in contemporary jewelry said last night "we should have done headsets for people to hear the artists talk about their work", I answered "great idea, let's tape the artists during their in-booth conversations and then for the summer, we'll have the dialog captured at the gallery for our artBerkshires program."
Sienna Freeman is the director of the Wexler Gallery, who exhibited work from innovative talents such as Vivian Beer, Timothy Schreiber, Philipp Aduatz, David Trubridge, Esque Studio, and more at SOFA NYC this year.
You say that your booth this year is about “the interaction of contemporary design with traditional forms of craft.” How does the juxtaposition of your master glass artists and such contemporary and cutting-edge work as Vivian Beer’s and Philipp Aduatz’s (two artists whose work you’ll be showing) open up this dialog?
By juxtaposing contemporary design pieces with works by master glass artists we hope to illustrate a common thread in visual language. For example, Joel Philip Myers Dr. Zharkov pieces were heavily influenced by his time as a designer at Blenko Glass. Like Joel, Vivian Beer has roots in craft, specifically metal fabrication. Both of their work crosses over into the design world on an aesthetic and functional level. Our booth aims to challenge viewers to broaden their interpretation of the terms associated with this field.
Can you discuss 1-2 pieces you’re excited to be bringing to the fair, and how they reinterpret decorative arts and design?
Philipp Aduatz and Timothy Schreiber have backgrounds in industrial design and architecture, however, their work addresses many of the same questions that traditional studio furniture or craft artists have posed in the past. They both create beautiful functional objects that are also sculptural in nature using innovative new techniques and processes as well as the latest technology.
How does SOFA – and perhaps the art fair in general - validate the importance of contemporary arts and design in today’s marketplace?
Art fairs like SOFA expose works to new audiences with fresh eyes that may not be concerned with categorizing an object as “craft, art or design”. This opens the field to new interpretations for artists, dealers and collectors on an international level.
What other booth, talk, or artist’s work are you most excited to see at SOFA this year?
We are excited to see David McFadden speak during the Covet discussion, as the mission statement of the Museum of Art and Design is very similar to the vision of Wexler Gallery.
Mark Lyman is the President of the Art Fair Company. He produced this year’s SOFA show in NYC, as well as the SOFA Chicago and SOFA West: Santa Fe annual fairs.
What makes SOFA different from the other fairs you produce?
SOFA is the only art fair focused on contemporary studio arts and design-gallery presented. It explores select works by master-level artists.
Speak a little bit about how you curated the fair. What were you looking for in this year's collection of dealers and their objects?
The most interesting, masterful works representing concept and virtuosity with material. We had a dealer-based selection committee to determine presenters.
Talk about the David Ling installation at this year's fair. How did it come about?
We wanted to make the experience of viewing art at the Armory a totally different environment. David’s design does just that. The Armory hall is turned into a work of art itself.
What are you most excited for this year? Are there any particular objects, or booths, you're dying to see?
SO MANY NEW WORKS!! The furniture of Vivian Beers At Wexler Gallery - all the furniture at Zimmerman and Jacobson galleries. Thalen & Thalen raised silver objects. Ferrin and Sienna galleries collaboration "Covet"
David Revere McFadden is Chief Curator and Vice President for Programs and Collections at the Museum of Arts & Design. He participated in a panel discussion titled The Design Continuum: Looking Back to the Future with David Ling (David Ling Architect), Jamie Drake (Drake Design Associates) at the curators breakfast this morning.
What do you think distinguishes this year's fair from previous years?
Each year the SOFA brings together a broader cross section of the art and design community, and has welcomed new technologies (like rapid prototyping) as part of the vocabulary of processes represented. The world of art, craft, and design is a wonderful blur zone, where old hierarchies no long apply, and SOFA this year represents this new artistic diversity.
Why do you think fairs such as SOFA are so important to the contemporary decorative arts community, and to the marketplace? In the age of online auctions, why do we keep coming back?
Fairs are a wonderful resource for new collectors, as they can see a broad range of work in one place. For the seasoned collectors, it is a chance to take the pulse on what is happening in the visual arts, and to discover new and emerging talent.
Is there a booth, talk, or artist's work you’re especially excited to see at SOFA this year?
It would be unfair to single out one booth! I am excited by the live installation by sand painter Joe Mangrum that MAD is presenting as part of its current exhibition Swept Away: Dust, Ashes, and Dirt in Contemporary Art and Design at SOFA this year.
For more information pleaes visit the official SOFA site

domain: artistic


Trump Signs Welcome Relief Legislation for Nonprofits
On August 3rd, President Trump signed the Protecting Nonprofits from Catastrophic Cash Flow Strain Act (“the Act”) into law. In a recent article from Accounting Today, author Michael Cohn describes the details of this new legislation.
Per Cohn, the primary goal of the Act is to “clarify a piece of guidance issued by the Labor Department related to the CARES Act that could have dampened the cash flow of charities already reeling from the pandemic.” The CARES Act issue is two-parted:
- It is common for nonprofit organizations to function as reimbursing employers for the purposes of unemployment. This means that the nonprofit is responsible for paying the full amount of unemployment benefits collected by former employees—these payments count as the nonprofits’ share of unemployment taxes. Recognizing that the CARES Act changes to unemployment would be a challenge for reimbursing employers, the authors of the bill adjusted the portion for which the nonprofits are responsible from 100 percent to 50 percent.
- In a release of post-CARES Act guidance by the Labor Department, it was clarified that states should collect the full 100 percent of unemployment benefits from nonprofits operating as reimbursing employers then reimburse them for 50 percent at a later time. This proposal would be a large strain for many nonprofit organizations.
The Act seeks to rectify the above-described issue by requiring that nonprofits operating as reimbursing employers only pay 50 percent of unemployment costs for their former employees up front. This frees up cash flow for nonprofits in this position.
Beyond addressing the recently enacted Act, Cohn also explores the increased strain under which nonprofits have been functioning due to the coronavirus pandemic. Some statistical highlights, drawn from a BDO USA survey of the nonprofit sector, include:
- 69% of nonprofits have either delayed or cancelled events
- 57% of nonprofits have either limited or cancelled programs
- 87% of nonprofits have transitioned staff to remote work or encouraged remote work
- 46% of nonprofits cited technology restrictions, with 64% responding that they plan to invest in new technology this year
- 30% of nonprofits responded that their current operating reserves are only sufficient for four months or less
For further details, click here to read the article in full at Accounting Today.


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About Travis James tribute to Conway Twitty
Travis James Tribute to Conway Twitty
Travis James is nationally recognized as the #1 Conway Twitty Tribute Artsist in the industry.
Just close your eyes and drift away as Conway is reincarnated. Those classic country hits just start to magically come to life right before your eyes. It's breath taking to say the least when you sit back and get carried away to a time when Conway dominated the charts with his 55 #1 hits. No artist to date has been able to capture the unique voice of the legend like Travis James.
The first half of the show is completely Conway Twitty, in the second half a whole host of characters will come to life with tributes to Neil Diamond, Mickey Gilley, Elvis Presley, Tom Jones & More !!!
A Salute to Elvis featuring multiple award winning tribute artist Stewart Chapman !


About 40 people gathered in front of the District of Hope municipal office on Friday, eager to share their message with the community.
They were joined by reportedly millions of like-minded individuals worldwide who did the same in their own communities, for a youth-led global climate change strike. While some major cities, including Vancouver, were forced to grind to a halt for the crowds that emerged, Hope’s strike was peaceful and kept to the grass and sidewalks.
“Save our planet,” read Kara Toop’s poster.
The Grade 9 Hope secondary student was one of about 10 who showed up to the strike. Fraser Cascade permitted students to leave to attend the strike, as long as parents permitted. Toop and others said they went to school until lunch, and most everyone left and didn’t plan to return for the afternoon.
They hope in the future that more of their peers will take the time to have their voices heard.
“I think we can make a huge chance with this (movement),” Toop said. “I think that our voices need to be heard. Look at us, we are all gathering to be heard.”
Cyenna Douglas, a Grade 8 student at HSS, said it was her first doing any sort of public activism.
“We have voices and we should use them, at least once in our lives,” she said.
But for some among the crowd, the strike was part of a long-held belief that humans should be doing more to protect the planet.
Joe Bowman said he was impressed with the turnout, for Hope’s first ever climate change action. He runs a sustainable farm near Union Bar where he teaches others about permaculture. He’s had more than 160 people visit from 27 countries.
When asked brought him to the strike on Friday, Bowman had a simple answer.


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We are far from being the first to tell the story of Recep Tayyip Erdogan ; in Turkey he has already been the subject of a fawning biopic.
‘Reis’ (The Chief) hit the screens in 2017 and stars famous actor Reha Beyoglu as Turkey’s strongman in his early life.
In the months preceding the release of the film, the teaser was broadcast on television almost daily and the Turkish press was full of the most positive and flattering reviews and commentaries.
On October 9, 2019, the world was holding its breath : it was waiting to see how far Turkey’s President, Recep Tayyip Erdogan would go.
He sent soldiers, tanks and jets across the border into Syria. The mission, code-named Operation Peace Spring was to create a safe zone, free of Kurdish militias.
He vehemently insisted that this was in no way an invasion, as Turkish and international media carried the president’s explicit message :
“Hey, European Union…get a hold of yourselves ! Look, I’m telling you again : if you describe our operation as an invasion again, we’ll take the easy road…we’ll open the doors and send you 3.6 million refugees !”
The invasion, sorry… the military action has been roundly condemned.
It’s all a far cry from a decade ago when Erdogan was feted by the West and could do no wrong.
In fact, through Erdogan, Turkey climbed onto the world stage and in those years, became an aspiration for many developing countries, especially in the Islamic world.
Recep Tayyip Erdogan, from humble roots was born on February 26, 1954, in Kasimpaşa, a poor district of Istanbul mostly populated by migrants from the Black Sea region, which in fact is where his own family came from.
This was during the Democratic Party’s (DP) reign and two years after Turkey joined NATO.
His father was a sea captain; he sailed ferries on the Bosphorus and it is said that at night, the young Erdogan would sneak onto cargo ships anchored in the bay to practice reciting the Koran. His parents were devout Muslims, their beliefs at odds with Turkey’s official, secular republic.
As a child, his very strict father enrolled him in the Istanbul Imam Hatip Lisesi, a religious vocational school where imams and preachers are trained. These schools were seen as something of a second-class option in the early days of the republic. If one had been to an Imam Hatip school, one couldn’t go to university, for example. But it was the choice for the poorer and more pious families.
So, in order to gain the right to a higher education, Erdogan took additional courses in a regular high school.
And it was during his teens that he began to play football; in fact he became obsessed with the game. He played football for 16 years as a semi-professional in various clubs and was even nicknamed “Imam Beckenbauer” by his teammates, after the famous German player.
His piety and dominant style of play were already very apparent.
Entering the political arena
But Erdogan proved to be better at politics.
In 1969, when he was fifteen years old, he began attending meetings and demonstrations of the MTTB (National Turkish Student’s Union) and was soon spotted by his superiors.
This was a time when leftist, nationalist and Islamist movements were beginning to rise and the Student’s Union became a focal point for meetings and debates. Armed clashes with the police and the army were frequent.
It was in this climate that a young engineer and independent deputy, Necmettin Erbakan founded the Islamic National Order Party (MNP) in 1970 and became Erdogan’s mentor.
Very rapidly, Erdogan began holding positions of responsibility within the party structures and Islamist organizations who also supported the MNP.
The party was active for only 15 months before it was shut down, following the 1971 military coup, on charges of conducting an anti-secular agenda.
However, in 1972, the military leadership allowed Erbakan to form another party, the National Salvation Party (MSP) which went on to win 48 seats in the 1973 general election and formed a coalition government with the CHP.
By this time, Erdogan had successfully passed his final exams at high school and was admitted to university. He enrolled at Marmara University’s Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences and obtained his graduation diploma in 1981.
Erdogan had been elected chairman of the Istanbul Youth Branch of the MSP in 1976, at the age of 22. He held this position until the party was yet again dissolved by another military coup in 1980.
Falling in love and marriage
It was during a political rally in 1977, where Erdogan was reciting religious poems that he first met a 22 year-old girl, also from a modest background and who was very much impressed by his declamation.
They were introduced by a common friend and the attraction was immediate and mutual.
The couple married in 1978 and now have two sons and two daughters.
Erdogan and his wife Emine have been seen walking hand in hand on many occasions, even during official visits. This is quite unusual for a religious couple in Turkey.
Road to the mayoralty of Istanbul
The military coup of 1980 changed the country’s priorities; communism rather than Islamism was now perceived as the new enemy.
In order to counter this threat, the military government encouraged a moderate type of Islam that was under its strict control. It was formally known as the “Turkish-Islam synthesis” which was also used to control the increasing threat posed by the Kurdish liberation movement.
In the meantime, Washington had implemented a policy of Zbigniew Brzezinski – national security advisor to former US President Jimmy Carter – to contain the influence of the Soviet Union, by setting up moderate Islamic regimes in countries around its borders.
The 1980 military coup paved the way for Islamist parties in Turkey and indirectly, initiated Erdogan’s rise to power.
Shortly after the coup, Erdogan began his military service. However, he returned to politics in 1983, following the founding of a third Islamist political party by Necmettin Erbakan who now placed his trust in Erdogan’s ability to further the cause of the new Welfare Party (RP).
As expected, Erdogan rose rapidly through the ranks and in 1985 became a member of the Central Executive Board of the RP.
In 1989, his name was put forward as the RP candidate in the mayoral elections for the Beyoglu district of Istanbul. Although Erdogan had, for the first time, allowed female members of the RP to participate in these elections, he lost out to more experienced and high-profile politicians.
But his unexpectedly modern stance regarding the participation of women, significantly increased the RP’s votes.
Erdogan’s big moment came in 1994 with unexpected victory against well-known, secular politicians. Other than Istanbul, his party also won the mayoral elections in the capital Ankara and six other cities.
The following year, in the 1995 general election, the RP came on top and formed a coalition with the centre-right True Path Party (DYP). And Erdogan’s long-time mentor, Necmettin Erbakan became prime minister of Turkey.
Alarm bells began ringing in the military and secular establishments as Erdogan further raised concerns when he banned the sale of alcohol in cafes and restaurants. He proudly announced : “I am not just the mayor of this city but also its Imam.”
He also began organizing conferences in Istanbul where he invited major international Islamist figures who discussed and even recommended the reintroduction of the Caliphate in order to combat modern-day capitalism.
The fourth coup and the Prime-ministership
In February 1997, the RP-DYP coalition government was given an ultimatum by the military establishment to comply with its decision to restore the secular character of the regime.
This was rapidly followed by a decree outlawing the RP and thus forcing prime minister Erbakan to resign.
Although this time there was no bloodshed following the military action, there began a period of severe repression and harsh measures against Islamists.
As for Erdogan, he didn’t just want to be an ordinary mayor; he used that platform to build his image on the national stage. He began touring the country to give speeches and organize meetings and rallies.
In 1997 in the eastern city of Bitlis, he read out a poem in which were blended very nakedly, Islamist and nationalist slogans :
“The mosques are our barracks…the minarets our bayonets… the domes our helmets… the faithful our soldiers… Allahu akbar… Allahu akbar !”
He was tried and convicted for inciting religious hatred; he was sentenced to 10 months in prison and consequently was forced to resign in 1998, before completing his term as mayor of Istanbul.
But in the end, he served just 4 months…and he made them pay !
Ironically, this was the point where his image really went stratospheric.
On leaving jail, Erdogan banded together with other like-minded individuals who wanted him to become a founding member of the new Justice and Development Party (AKP).
Its goal was to bring more democracy to Turkey, more fundamental rights and freedoms and a better and more equitable economy.
Within one year, the AKP was in power and it has dominated Turkish politics since 2002. Although Erdogan was banned from politics due to his conviction in 1998, this obstacle was removed through a constitutional amendment, followed by victory in a by-election.
And so, on March 14, 2003, Recep Tayyip Erdogan became the new Prime Minister of Turkey.
Trying to convince the West
The new government embarked on a series of huge infrastructure projects. New airports, roads and rail links were built, overseeing massive economic growth.
Erdogan was truly in power and in his element.
Power is one of the central concepts in explaining his character. That’s why he is a pragmatist rather than an ideologue; ideology is important for him insofar as it allows him to remain in power.
At one point, he declared : “We have destroyed all types of nationalism. Turkish nationalism, Kurdish nationalism; we’re above nationalism now”.
But ironically, he turned out to be the ultimate nationalist.
Another view of Erdogan was expressed by the US Ambassador to Turkey, Eric S. Edelman :
“Erdogan has traits which render him seriously vulnerable to miscalculating the political dynamic, especially in foreign affairs”.
In a 2004 cable to Washington revealed by Wikileaks, Edelman listed what he saw as Erdogan’s flaws : “First, overbearing pride. Second, unbridled ambition, stemming from a belief God has anointed him to lead Turkey”.
But it is the following remarks that make it obvious why the US wanted to keep this cable confidential.
“Third, an authoritarian loner streak which prevents growth of a circle of strong and skillful advisers. This streak also makes him exceptionally thin-skinned !
Fourth, an overweening desire to stay in power which, despite his macho image, renders him fearful and prone to temporizing even at moments which call for swift and resolute decisions. And finally, a distrust of women which manifests itself not only in occasional, harsh public comments, but also in his unwillingness to give women any meaningful decision-making authority”.
Be that as it may, Erdogan tried very hard to convince the West that he had no hostile feelings towards them.
With the Turkish people, he was punchy. His rallies became something of a phenomenon.
One cannot underestimate just how much charisma and how big a stage presence Erdogan has. His rallies are Turkey’s rock concerts !
He has the ability to move the masses with the tone of his voice and it is said that women find him physically attractive. According to Yaşar Yakiş, a former Foreign Minister and founding member of the AKP, there were even women who volunteered to become his concubines, despite Turkey’s conservative society.
But for some, the attraction was now fading. Turkey’s economy had slowed down, inflation and unemployment had risen, and so had discontent.
In 2013, a protest over a construction project on Gezi Park, a green area of Istanbul mushroomed into the biggest demonstrations Turkey had seen in more than a decade.
These were the first mass street acts of opposition to Erdogan, and they really knocked him off-balance.
That was followed by a big corruption scandal in which the sons of three cabinet ministers were arrested by the police.
Audio of Erdogan allegedly telling his own son to conceal large amounts of money were posted onto You Tube and the government responded by trying to ban access to social media sites.
Erdogan then launched a corruption probe against members of his inner circle. In the course of the investigations some 350 police officers were dismissed.
Erdogan also blamed his former close collaborator, Fethullah Gülen for being behind the unrest. Gülen who is a cleric, is living in exile in the United States but has a very strong power base in Turkey.
Despite all the difficulties, Erdogan kept winning.
In 2014, twenty years after first becoming mayor of Istanbul, he acceded to the largely ceremonial post of president. This was the first time that the president was elected by the people instead of being nominated by parliament.
He immediately set about changing the constitution, to further expand his powers.
However, in 2015 the opposition, which was composed of a coalition of parties including the Kurdish HDP, attempted to counter Erdogan’s plans for modifying the constitution in his favour.
Erdogan’s political party, the AKP did not have a parliamentary majority at the time. But as in the past, the far-right, ultra-conservative MHP (Nationalist Movement Party) came to Erdogan’s rescue by preventing the opposition from forming a viable governing coalition.
And so, in November 2015, the AKP won back its parliamentary majority following a snap election.
The failed coup
On July 15, 2016, Erdogan’s enemies came for him. Large sections of the military attempted a coup.
In Istanbul, there were tanks on the streets, in Ankara fighter jets attacked parliament and in a resort on the Aegean coast, plotters nearly captured Erdogan.
The president, calling news network CNN Turk live from his hotel room, insisted he was the commander-in-chief and urged the Turkish people to take to the streets.
And they did. Within a day, he had wrested back control, thanks to the support of nationalist elements in the army who saw the attempt as a Western plot.
Erdogan also reportedly received support from Moscow and some political analysts speculate that this was in fact, the beginning of his friendship with Russian president, Vladimir Putin.
Whatever the case, the fighting had killed over 250 people, including one of his closest friends. Later, as he gave the funeral address, the president broke down in tears at the grave site.
Erdogan again blamed Fethullah Gülen for instigating the vast conspiracy and demanded his extradition from the United States, to no avail.
As the expression goes: ‘When you come at the king, you best not miss’.
Erdogan declared a state of emergency and launched a crack-down on opponents, real and perceived.
From that point on, tens of thousands of people were arrested, and countless others lost their jobs. There were crack-downs on academia and on the media, with dozens of newspapers closed.
In April 2017, a controversial referendum aimed at reforming the constitution was held.
Amid claims of irregularities from the opposition, Erdogan obtained the abolition of the post of prime minister by a narrow margin, as well as the extension of his presidential executive powers.
In the June 2018 presidential election, Erdogan won a majority of the vote for his second term in office, thanks yet again to the support of the MHP. The opposition again contested the results and the fairness of the process, but to no avail.
Erdogan had succeeded in changing Turkey’s parliamentary form of government into his preferred presidential one.
Losing Istanbul, losing Turkey
There is a classic way that authoritarian leaders go and Erdogan followed that path exactly.
The more power they get, the more enemies they make and the more paranoid they become.
As a result, they begin purging their inner circle of the people who might have wanted to stand up to them.
With his popularity apparently waning, inflation and unemployment rates rising, his AKP party also lost key cities like Ankara, Istanbul, Izmir and Adana in local elections in 2019.
Losing Istanbul to the opposition was particularly painful to Erdogan who had governed that city for over 4 years.
“Losing Istanbul is like losing Turkey” he remarked when the election results came in.
The AKP proceeded to contest the results, but a re-run of the election only served to reinforce the victory of Ekrem Imamoglu, the CHP candidate who went on to become the new star of Turkish politics.
What’s more, Erdogan now has to deal with the challenge from his old colleague, Ahmed Davutoglu, who was forced to resign as Prime Minister by him in 2016 and who, along with former Economy Minister Ali Babacan, is planning to launch a new breakaway party.
It should perhaps be emphasized that Abdullah Gul, former president and once close friend of Erdogan is backing the formation of this new party.
We now have the context for Turkey’s controversial military offensive in Syria.
Designed, according to Erdogan, to create a buffer along a frontier stretching hundreds of miles, driving Kurdish militias out and replacing them with 3 million Syrian refugees currently living in Turkey.
World leaders may be appalled but it’s a policy popular with Turks back home.
Erdogan is an ultimate pragmatist and in that sense, the ultimate populist. His skill is reading the mood of his country and then responding to it.
Erdogan once said : “Democracy is like a street car; you ride it until you reach your destination”.
But is he in danger of running out of road ?
There have been many times when people have predicted the beginning of the end for Erdogan but he has always managed to survive and even strengthen his hold on power.
He is undoubtedly the master tactician when it comes to Turkish politics and the future of his country.
He remains the dominant personality, dictates the agenda and defines the contours of Turkey’s political debates.


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Justin Bieber Set to Be Arraigned on Hearts Day Following Miami DUI incident
By charmaine corne clutton | January 29, 2014 5:06 PM EST
The 19 year old Canadian pop star has captivated teenagers all over the world for his upbeat music and teeny-bopper rhythms. However, the protege of Usher has now been building a reputation for himself-a bad reputation for that matter. The pop star has had numerous run-ins with the law, the latest is being arrest in Miami after getting caught driving under the influence.
Singer Justin Bieber performs during his Latin America tour concert at the Jockey Club in Asuncion November 6, 2013. REUTERS/Jorge Adorno
Late this year, the Canadian star was also charged for egg-pelting a neighbor. Moreover, his rapper friend Lil Za was also arrested by authorities over illegal possession of drugs. Bieber has definitely been displaying his bad boy attitude to the public, with the public feud against his ex-lady love Selena Gomez taking the cake for all of his bad boy antics.
Meanwhile, the pop star was seen frolicking and soaking up some sun in the country of Panama along with his entourage. Seems like the pop star was not frazzled by all of the run-ins with the law as he found solace in the arms of his alleged model girl friend Chantel Jeffries. Selena Gomez seems to be out of the question now as Bieber was pictured getting intimate with his rumored girlfriend.
However, news broke out that the Canadian singer would not be able to celebrate the day of hearts as he is to report to Miami Police for his arraignment. Police have not dropped the charges against the pop star in spite proving that his BAC level was .014.
Bieber was arrested and released the same day with a $2,500 bail. The pop star even had the nerve to smile in his mug shot, which made rounds on the internet.
Bieber's manager is said to be especially keen on having the singer get professional help for his seemingly rowdy behavior. The CEO of Universal Music Group has also expressed concern regarding the star's downward spiral.
According to Lucian Grange, Universal Music Group CEO "I'm very concerned about him, I'm very concerned about him for many months...and Scooter (Bieber's manager) who I work with very closely...is with him at the moment."
Do you think Justin Bieber should really get himself into rehab?
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domain: celebrity


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ANTAIKE LITHIUM CONF: Short-term pain but long-term gains for lithium market
Published: Monday, 14 October 2019
Although the lithium industry is struggling through a sluggish period at the moment, increased demand will be driven by expansion in the use of new energy vehicles, energy storage and 5G networks over the next five years.
The lithium market faces a period of falling prices and slow
demand in the near future, but the longer-term prospects are
much brighter, an industry conference has heard.
The sluggish downstream demand has resulted in a steady
decline in prices, but the expectations were for demand for
lithium to increase...

domain: finance


text:
Table_1_Shortening Fermentation Period and Quality Improvement of Fermented Fish, Chouguiyu, by Co-inoculation of Lactococcus lactis M10 and Weissella cibaria M3.DOCX
Datasets usually provide raw data for analysis. This raw data often comes in spreadsheet form, but can be any collection of data, on which analysis can be performed.
Chouguiyu, a Chinese traditional fermented fish, is famous for its uniquely strong odor and desirable taste. However, traditional spontaneous fermentation often resulted in contamination and unstable quality of products. In this study, individual or conjunctive inoculation of two indigenous lactic acid bacteria (LAB), Lactococcus lactis M10 and Weissella cibaria M3, was tested for their effect on improving Chouguiyu’s quality. It was shown that inoculation would not affect the system’s pH, while increased the total bacteria count and lactic acid bacteria amounts. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass (MALDI-TOF) analysis results revealed that Lactoc. lactis M10 and W. cibaria M3 could quickly occupy a dominant position in the ecosystem, and Lactoc. lactis M10 played an important role in the control of spoilage bacteria. Volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and biogenic amines results also showed that Lactoc. lactis M10 had a positive effect on improving the product’s quality. Co-inoculation of Lactoc. lactis M10 and W. cibaria M3 could promote the formation of flavor according to the E-nose and gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS) analyses, especially for the aroma-active and key volatile compounds. PCA plots of E-nose and hierarchical clustering analysis of GC-MS profiles revealed that the co-inoculation sample at the fifth day (LW5) was the most similar to the natural fermentation sample at the seventh day (C7). The overall acceptance of LW5 was also the closest to that of C7 in sensory evaluation. In conclusion, mixed starter culture was shown to have a good effect on improving product quality and enhancing flavor with fermentation time shortened by 29%.
Read the peer-reviewed publication


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MIT researchers are converting the plant material lignin into hydrocarbon molecules that could help make jet fuel 100 percent sustainable.
An MIT research team is working on converting lignin, a plant waste product, into 100% sustainable aviation fuel using a novel catalyst. This breakthrough could revolutionize the aviation industry by providing a renewable fuel alternative.
Nearly a quarter of the world’s carbon dioxide emissions in 2021 came from the transportation sector, with aviation being a significant contributor. While the growing use of electric vehicles is helping to clean up ground transportation, today’s batteries can’t compete with fossil fuel-derived liquid hydrocarbons in terms of energy delivered per pound of weight — a major concern when it comes to flying. Meanwhile, based on projected growth in travel demand, consumption of jet fuel is projected to double between now and 2050 — the year by which the international aviation industry has pledged to be carbon neutral.
Many groups have targeted a 100 percent sustainable hydrocarbon fuel for aircraft, but so far there hasn’t been much success. Part of the challenge is that aviation fuels are so tightly regulated. “This is a subclass of fuels that has very specific requirements in terms of the chemistry and the physical properties of the fuel, because you can’t risk something going wrong in an airplane engine,” says Yuriy Román-Leshkov, the Robert T. Haslam Professor of Chemical Engineering. “If you’re flying at 30,000 feet, it’s very cold outside, and you don’t want the fuel to thicken or freeze. That’s why the formulation is very specific.”
The Composition of Aviation Fuel
Aviation fuel is a combination of two large classes of chemical compounds. Some 75 to 90 percent of it is made up of “aliphatic” molecules, which consist of long chains of carbon atoms linked together. “This is similar to what we would find in diesel fuels, so it’s a classic hydrocarbon that is out there,” explains Román-Leshkov. The remaining 10 to 25 percent consists of “aromatic” molecules, each of which includes at least one ring made up of six connected carbon atoms.
In most transportation fuels, aromatic hydrocarbons are viewed as a source of pollution, so they’re removed as much as possible. However, in aviation fuels, some aromatic molecules must remain because they set the necessary physical and combustion properties of the overall mixture. They also perform one more critical task: They ensure that seals between various components in the aircraft’s fuel system are tight. “The aromatics get absorbed by the plastic seals and make them swell,” explains Román-Leshkov. “If for some reason the fuel changes, so can the seals, and that’s very dangerous.”
As a result, aromatics are a necessary component — but they’re also a stumbling block in the move to create sustainable aviation fuels, or SAFs. Companies know how to make the aliphatic fraction from inedible parts of plants and other renewables, but they haven’t yet developed an approved method of generating the aromatic fraction from sustainable sources. As a result, there’s a “blending wall,” explains Román-Leshkov. “Since we need that aromatic content — regardless of its source — there will always be a limit on how much of the sustainable aliphatic hydrocarbons we can use without changing the properties of the mixture.” He notes a similar blending wall with gasoline. “We have a lot of ethanol, but we can’t add more than 10 percent without changing the properties of the gasoline. In fact, current engines can’t handle even 15 percent ethanol without modification.”
No Shortage of Renewable Source Material — Or Attempts To Convert It
For the past five years, understanding and solving the SAF problem has been the goal of research by Román-Leshkov and his MIT team — Michael L. Stone PhD ’21, Matthew S. Webber, and others — as well as their collaborators at Washington State University, the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), and the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. Their work has focused on lignin, a tough material that gives plants structural support and protection against microbes and fungi. About 30 percent of the carbon in biomass is in lignin, yet when ethanol is generated from biomass, the lignin is left behind as a waste product.
Despite valiant efforts, no one has found an economically viable, scalable way to turn lignin into useful products, including the aromatic molecules needed to make jet fuel 100 percent sustainable. Why not? As Román-Leshkov says, “It’s because of its chemical recalcitrance.” It’s difficult to make it chemically react in useful ways. As a result, every year millions of tons of waste lignin are burned as a low-grade fuel, used as fertilizer, or simply thrown away.
Understanding the problem requires understanding what’s happening at the atomic level. A single lignin molecule — the starting point of the challenge — is a big “macromolecule” made up of a network of many aromatic rings connected by oxygen and hydrogen atoms. Put simply, the key to converting lignin into the aromatic fraction of SAF is to break that macromolecule into smaller pieces while in the process getting rid of all of the oxygen atoms.
In general, most industrial processes begin with a chemical reaction that prevents the subsequent upgrading of lignin: As the lignin is extracted from the biomass, the aromatic molecules in it react with one another, linking together to form strong networks that won’t react further. As a result, the lignin is no longer useful for making aviation fuels.
To avoid that outcome, Román-Leshkov and his team utilize another approach: They use a catalyst to induce a chemical reaction that wouldn’t normally occur during extraction. By reacting the biomass in the presence of a ruthenium-based catalyst, they are able to remove the lignin from the biomass and produce a black liquid called lignin oil. That product is chemically stable, meaning that the aromatic molecules in it will no longer react with one another.
So the researchers have now successfully broken the original lignin macromolecule into fragments that contain just one or two aromatic rings each. However, while the isolated fragments don’t chemically react, they still contain oxygen atoms. Therefore, one task remains: finding a way to remove the oxygen atoms.
In fact, says Román-Leshkov, getting from the molecules in the lignin oil to the targeted aromatic molecules required them to accomplish three things in a single step: They needed to selectively break the carbon-oxygen bonds to free the oxygen atoms; they needed to avoid incorporating noncarbon atoms into the aromatic rings (for example, atoms from the hydrogen gas that must be present for all of the chemical transformations to occur); and they needed to preserve the carbon backbone of the molecule — that is, the series of linked carbon atoms that connect the aromatic rings that remain.
Ultimately, Román-Leshkov and his team found a special ingredient that would do the trick: a molybdenum carbide catalyst. “It’s actually a really amazing catalyst because it can perform those three actions very well,” says Román-Leshkov. “In addition to that, it’s extremely resistant to poisons. Plants can contain a lot of components like proteins, salts, and sulfur, which often poison catalysts so they don’t work anymore. But molybdenum carbide is very robust and isn’t strongly influenced by such impurities.”
Trying It Out on Lignin From Poplar Trees
To test their approach in the lab, the researchers first designed and built a specialized “trickle-bed” reactor, a type of chemical reactor in which both liquids and gases flow downward through a packed bed of catalyst particles. They then obtained biomass from a poplar, a type of tree known as an “energy crop” because it grows quickly and doesn’t require a lot of fertilizer.
To begin, they reacted the poplar biomass in the presence of their ruthenium-based catalyst to extract the lignin and produce the lignin oil. They then flowed the oil through their trickle-bed reactor containing the molybdenum carbide catalyst. The mixture that formed contained some of the targeted product but also a lot of others that still contained oxygen atoms.
Román-Leshkov notes that in a trickle-bed reactor, the time during which the lignin oil is exposed to the catalyst depends entirely on how quickly it drips down through the packed bed. To increase the exposure time, they tried passing the oil through the same catalyst twice. However, the distribution of products that formed in the second pass wasn’t as they had predicted based on the outcome of the first pass.
With further investigation, they figured out why. The first time the lignin oil drips through the reactor, it deposits oxygen onto the catalyst. The deposition of the oxygen changes the behavior of the catalyst such that certain products appear or disappear — with the temperature being critical. “The temperature and oxygen content set the condition of the catalyst in the first pass,” says Román-Leshkov. “Then, on the second pass, the oxygen content in the flow is lower, and the catalyst can fully break the remaining carbon-oxygen bonds.” The process can thus operate continuously: Two separate reactors containing independent catalyst beds would be connected in series, with the first pretreating the lignin oil and the second removing any oxygen that remains.
Based on a series of experiments involving lignin oil from poplar biomass, the researchers determined the operating conditions yielding the best outcome: 350 degrees Celsius in the first step and 375 C in the second step. Under those optimized conditions, the mixture that forms is dominated by the targeted aromatic products, with the remainder consisting of small amounts of other jet-fuel aliphatic molecules and some remaining oxygen-containing molecules. The catalyst remains stable while generating more than 87 percent (by weight) of aromatic molecules.
“When we do our chemistry with the molybdenum carbide catalyst, our total carbon yields are nearly 85 percent of the theoretical carbon yield,” says Román-Leshkov. “In most lignin-conversion processes, the carbon yields are very low, on the order of 10 percent. That’s why the catalysis community got very excited about our results — because people had not seen carbon yields as high as the ones we generated with this catalyst.”
There remains one key question: Does the mixture of components that forms have the properties required for aviation fuel? “When we work with these new substrates to make new fuels, the blend that we create is different from standard jet fuel,” says Román-Leshkov. “Unless it has the exact properties required, it will not qualify for certification as jet fuel.”
To check their products, Román-Leshkov and his team send samples to Washington State University, where a team operates a combustion lab devoted to testing fuels. Results from initial testing of the composition and properties of the samples have been encouraging. Based on the composition and published prescreening tools and procedures, the researchers have made initial property predictions for their samples, and they looked good. For example, the freezing point, viscosity, and threshold sooting index are predicted to be lower than the values for conventional aviation aromatics. (In other words, their material should flow more easily and be less likely to freeze than conventional aromatics while also generating less soot in the atmosphere when they burn.) Overall, the predicted properties are near to or more favorable than those of conventional fuel aromatics.
Next Steps and Potential Impact
The researchers are continuing to study how their sample blends behave at different temperatures and, in particular, how well they perform that key task: soaking into and swelling the seals inside jet engines. “These molecules are not the typical aromatic molecules that you use in jet fuel,” says Román-Leshkov. “Preliminary tests with sample seals show that there’s no difference in how our lignin-derived aromatics swell the seals, but we need to confirm that. There’s no room for error.”
In addition, he and his team are working with their NREL collaborators to scale up their methods. NREL has much larger reactors and other infrastructure needed to produce large quantities of the new sustainable blend. Based on the promising results thus far, the team wants to be prepared for the further testing required for the certification of jet fuels. In addition to testing samples of the fuel, the full certification procedure calls for demonstrating its behavior in an operating engine — “not while flying, but in a lab,” clarifies Román-Leshkov. In addition to requiring large samples, that demonstration is both time-consuming and expensive — which is why it’s the very last step in the strict testing required for a new sustainable aviation fuel to be approved.
Román-Leshkov and his colleagues are now exploring the use of their approach with other types of biomass, including pine, switchgrass, and corn stover (the leaves, stalks, and cobs left after corn is harvested). However, their results with poplar biomass are promising. If further testing confirms that their aromatic products can replace the aromatics now in jet fuel, “the blending wall could disappear,” says Román-Leshkov. “We’ll have a means of producing all the components in aviation fuel from renewable material, potentially leading to aircraft fuel that’s 100 percent sustainable.”
Reference: “Continuous hydrodeoxygenation of lignin to jet-range aromatic hydrocarbons” by Michael L. Stone, Matthew S. Webber, William P. Mounfield III, David C. Bell, Earl Christensen, Ana R.C. Morais, Yanding Li, Eric M. Anderson, Joshua S. Heyne, Gregg T. Beckham and Yuriy Román-Leshkov, 22 September 2022, Joule.
This research was initially funded by the Center for Bioenergy Innovation, a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Research Center supported by the Office of Biological and Environmental Research in the DOE Office of Science. More recent funding came from the DOE Bioenergy Technologies Office and from Eni S.p.A. through the MIT Energy Initiative. Michael L. Stone PhD ’21 is now a postdoc in chemical engineering at Stanford University. Matthew S. Webber is a graduate student in the Román-Leshkov group, now on leave for an internship at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory.


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More than 13,000 people came to Suffolk Downs this weekend to enjoy live thoroughbred racing and a food truck festival.
And what a show it was. There was a carnival-like atmosphere on two hot summer days at the popular East Boston racetrack.
Longtime horseracing fans stood trackside next to some some young families who were getting their first, up-close look at what was once one of the most popular sports in the United States. The Kentucky Derby, for example, is still often called “most exciting two minutes in all of sports.”
Chief of Operations Chip Tuttle, a giant in the industry of horse racing, was very pleased with the large turnout on both days. He said the food trucks are always a nice draw that gives people variety over the standard racetrack faire.
There had been some concern at mid-week that the weekend of racing might not materialize after the State Legislature failed to vote on the measure during the last day (July 31) of its legislative session. But the legislature met informally Thursday to reinstate the law and Gov. Charlie Baker signed it, thus allowing for simulcasting and live racing to resume.
“Thankfully it was taken care of quickly and we appreciate the work of the House leadership, and the Senate, and the governor to get it remedied in less than 48 years hours,” said Tuttle. “We thank Speaker DeLeo for his efforts especially.”
Tuttle said that Suffolk has a request before the Massachusetts Gaming Commission to add another weekend of live racing on Sept. 15-16. “It’s on the Commission’s agenda for their meeting on Aug. 14,” said Tuttle. “We’d really like to run one more weekend. There’s certainly funding to do it in the Racehorse Development Fund and it helps the local horsemen, the Massachusetts breeders. They don’t have as many opportunities to run for purse money as they like and we’re doing our best to accommodate them.”
Tuttle said that Suffolk Downs will be open through the end of the year (2018) for simulcasting.
“And we’re already in discussions with both the horsemen and HYM [the real estate company that will be redeveloping the Suffolk property] about dates for the first half of 2019,” he added.


text:
I love starting the new year with loads of books. It’s like having a giant trunk full of secret treasures. When I’m done exploring one treasure, I am on to the next.
I stated reading The Road by Cormac McCarthy yesterday. He’s the author of No Country for Old Men. I have yet to read that one, but have seen the movie (very good). I only started The Road yesterday and I am already very near to the end. This is an amazing piece of literary genius. I woke several times throughout the night with visions of isolation, silence and darkness. I could not keep this father and his son out of my head. Their relationship is quite extraordinary. This is an excellent read. Do check it out.
Now, I’m wondering what to read next. My amazon shipment is due today, but after reading The Road I am not quite sure anything in my shipment will compare.
I would love you suggestions. What is everyone reading now?


text:
A very nice & excellent miniature model from Argentina, not SMT, production of only
1000 World wide, all hand made. The "Spindrift", from "Land of the Giant's". This
spaceship is a full resin model that include stand, already built and painted, very
nicelly well made. About 5" long (12,5cm).

domain: design


Remove dead trees in a 20 acre area to reduce high risk of fire to the forest and adjacent communities, prepare for prescribed burning, and restore the composition, structure and function of the native forest.
The project is a minor alteration of the vegetation and will not involve the removal of healthy, mature, scenic trees.
The document was originally posted before CEQAnet had the capability to host attachments for the public.
To obtain the original attachments for this document, please contact the lead agency at the contact information listed above.
You may also contact the OPR via email at email@example.com or via phone at (916) 445-0613.


The Luminth Album was created by sineqube using the Luminth and Luminth Orbiter. The Luminth is a minimalist USB control peripheral. Luminth Orbiter is a generative music software application. The Luminth Album is available for purchase at Gumroad.com .
All music was created in realtime. Light reverb and compression were added. Sample tracks below.


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text:
TripAdvisor Reviews Hotel Seeterasse Langenargen
Travel Blogs from Langenargen
... we traversed brought an even more amazing vista. There were hundreds of motor bike riders who obviously knew of this road and flocked there to enjoy the ride. The road went from the small towns of Innertkirchen to Wassen and went over the Sustenpass. After just three days in Switzerland, we headed to the very small country of Liechtenstein which is just 25 km long by 12 km wide and is wedged in between Switzerland and Austria. Liechtenstein is ...
... roads made for driving before we hit..Germany. And the world slowed down. Autobahn? Don't make me laugh. Every time we hit a German motorway we slowed to a virtual halt. I was looking forward to driving at 120mph but never got past 90mph and then only for a couple of minutes. We'd hit no traffic at all until we hit Germany. Today, I reckon the average speed was probably 45mph, tops. Lots of it was done shunting along the motorway a few yards at a time. And some of ...
... for Constance. Now this place had some style and interest. We were turned away from the campsite as it was full but they told us we could park for 12 hours around where the swimming pool carpark was. Perfect. We have everything we need so a free camp was great. After so much moving and travelling we were a bit tired but we decided to still jump on our bikes to explore Constance and to do so means you ride from Switzerland into Germany and back in an afternoon. During the war ...
... him sit up I sprinted to my room and when Kate realised she did too. It was so funny and we just cracked up laughing.
As always Milena and I listened at the wall to see what interesting things we would hear next. Tonight was no exception for interesting things as we heard Jamie say ‘did you know that Bananas in Japanese is *long pause for effect* banana’. We were like oh wow and then laughed a lot.
... to move on to our next stop after that.
We continued north to Meersberg, which was a pretty neat town that I'd like to come back and visit again when we have more time. Great location by the lake shore, with beautifully maintained half-timbered buildings, and an Altes Schloss that we decided to tour. This place really looked like an old castle, inside and out, and this tour was well worth it. Interesting exhibits on the inside, ...
Other places to stay in Langenargen
Obere Seestrasse 11-13, Langenargen | 4 star hotelfrom $151
Obere Seestrasse 4, Langenargen | 4 star hotelfrom $151
Marktplatz 1, Langenargen | 3 star hotelfrom $166
Fischerstr. 3, Langenargen | 3 star hotelfrom $154
Ortsstrasse 1, Langenargen | Hotelfrom $138
Marktplatz 3, Langenargen | 3 star hotelfrom $112


text:
Blockchain-enabled smart contracts that employ proof-of-stake validation for transactions, promise significant performance advantages compared to proof-of-work solutions. For broad industry adoption, other important requirements must be met in addition
For example, stable backwards-compatible smart-contract systems must automate cross-organizational information-logistics orchestration with lite mobile wallets that support simple payment verification (SPV) techniques.
The currently leading smart-contract solution Ethereum, uses computationally expensive proof-of-work validation, is expected to hard-fork multiple times in the future and requires downloading the entire blockchain. Consequently, Ethereum smart contracts have limited utility and lack formal semantics, which is a security issue.
This whitepaper fills the gap in the state of the art by presenting the Qtum smart-contract framework that aims for sociotechnical application suitability, the adoption of formal semantics language expressiveness, and the provision of smart-contract template libraries for rapid best-practice industry deployment. We discuss the Qtum utility advantages compared to the Ethereum alternative and present Qtum smart-contract future development plans for industrycases applications.


LETTER: Resident's Rebuttal To German Visitor's Letter About Lake Burien
Iâ€™m sure Boris Seiverts is a nice guy, but his â€œletter to Burien about its lakeâ€ is WAY off the mark (read it here).
Letâ€™s start with some facts about Burien and the city he makes a comparison with, Haltern am See, Germany.
Haltern am See is a rural town with a population of around 38,000 people in 61 sq. miles of land area and a population density of 621 people per sq. mile. The â€œlakeâ€ is a reservoir created by a dam built in 1930 that holds over 700 million cubic feet of water for distribution to surrounding communities. The extensive shoreline is largely undeveloped. Haltern has no other shoreline.
Burien is an urban city with a population of around 31,000 people in 7.4 sq. miles of land area and a population density of 4,287 people per sq. mile. Lake Burien is a natural lake that is a very small fraction of the size of the Haltern See. The shoreline is fully developed with homes. Burien owns Seahurst Park including approximately one mile of Puget Sound shoreline that is largely undeveloped.
Perhaps we should build a dam on Lake Burien? Or rename the city â€œBurien on the Soundâ€, so our home prices will double, as happened in Haltern? Mr. Sievertsâ€™ letter suggests public access at Lake Burien would not harm the water quality of the lake if the city took the right approach, such as providing a public bath, with attendants. I wonder why property owners near public access locations on Puget Sound are always picking up garbage left by the public. Must be the lack of attendants. Mr. Sieverts may have relatives here, but he knows nothing about Burien or issues relating to the conflict between public access and private shorelines. If you are going to print an article that goes on for 3 pages in your paper, at least make it something relevant to our community.


text: Jeff Anderson net worth: Jeff Anderson is an American actor, director, and screenwriter who has a net worth of $2 million. Jeff Anderson was born in Connecticut in April 1970. He starred as Randal Graves within the film Clerks in 1994 and within the tv sequence of the identical title from 2000 to 2001. Anderson additionally starred as Randal Graves within the movies Jay and Silent Bob Strike Back in 2001 and Clerks II in 2006. He has additionally starred within the films Dogma, Love 101, Now You Know, Zack and Miri Make a Porno, and Beauty within the Breakdown. Anderson wrote and directed the 2002 movie Now You Know. In 1995 he was nominated for an Independent Spirit Award for Best Debut Performance for Clerks. He was previously married to actress Lisa Spoonauer.


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Joint arrangement in the assembly model
|Top | Previous | Next|
The command performs the arrangement of joints or other standard components in the assembly model. It is performed based on the iMate arrangement constraints pre-written in the component. The component is arranged based on the relevant geometry in the assembly model consistently specified for each assembly constraint. This command has a several default modes:
▪Single – where one geometric element is specified for one constraint in the model. An example can be a plane on which an axis is arranged: in this case, a component arranged to implement a constraint immediately changes its spatial position.
▪Multiple – where several geometric elements are specified for one constraint in the model. In this way, for the arranged component you may specify that its axis should be arranged based on several spatial planes. Then the command allows specifying a required geometry in the model for each assembly constraint, and inserting a new unit of the component being arranged in each available constraint realization position.
To start the command, go to:
Woodwork Design –> Joint –> Attach
1. On screen- selection of the hardware component.
2. Hardware component selection from the specified catalogue on the disk.
3. The use of the component lasted used in the command for performing the next arrangement.
4. Enabling the single arrangement mode.
5. Enabling the multiple arrangement mode.
6. A space where the iMate assembly constraints of the selected component are represented. Unchecking the box means cancelation of the selected assembly constraints and re-enabling selection of the specified constraint.
7. Part Name of the component unit.
The command is executed by clicking the “Attach” button.


text:
The famous fashion designer Shaina NC, shows us different ways of how you can style your saree pallu. Women dont have to wear the pallu in same style everytime.Indian women mostly pin up their pallu in front to look traditional. Saree gets a new look in her hands. In every photo she shows some variation with the way she handles the pallu. Though they dont have a specific name, try styling your saree pallu in any one of the styles above and look trendy. There is one thing common in all picture. She goes with two large pleats in front and keep it loose. We love all her styles. Shaina NC holds a world record for the fastest draping of a saree. Tell us which is your favourite style?
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text:
Ask Chef Boy Ari
By Chef Boy Ari
Q: I’m interested in raising hens for the eggs, but we have a tiny backyard. Does two or three sound like a good number? Also, will the eggs hatch if we let them? And what’s the best way to procure chickens?
Sergio Salvador salvadorphoto.com
Cast Iron Café
You can always go home, but you don’t have to
By Maren Tarro
Home-style cooking is romanticized in our culture. Images of perfectly roasted meats—never ceasing to give off wafts of salty steam—and creamy mashed potatoes spring to mind at the invoking of “mom’s home-cooking.” But this image is ersatz, as real as the Parkay used in the potatoes. It’s not how your mom cooked; it's how she would have cooked if she had the money, time and skill. And maybe if she had loved you a little more.
NEWSLETTERS Great Alibi stories, events and deals delivered to your inbox each week. No fooling!
Spanish Cooking Class: Christmas Recipes at National Hispanic Cultural Center
Learn how to cook tasty and delicious holiday-inspired recipes to surprise your friends and family.
Fundraiser Night at Flying Star Café
Lavender Tea Tasting at Los Poblanos Historic Inn & Organic FarmMore Recommended Events ››

domain: food


text:
Apr. 23, 2013 From the USDA/NASS Alabama Field Office Comments 0 What is in this article?: Warmer, drier weather needed for Alabama crop planting • Corn, cotton and peanut planting is being slowed in Alabama by cool, wet weather. • The Alabama ... Southeast Farm Press, 2 weeks ago
Kris Hall has been hired as an assistant women's soccer coach. A Stockton native, Hall comes to Pacific most recently from the Cal Poly men's soccer program where he was a volunteer assistant and goalkeepers trainer. He helped the Mustangs to a ...University of the Pacific, 3 weeks ago
on your WebpageAdd Widget >Get your members hooked!

domain: agronomy


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Wow this is very interesting and great news!
Just have to hope that, if it does turn into a treatment, NICE will approve it…! :-/
Just read the artical Angelfalls and it sounds very good. Even if it is a way off, it shows that the scientists are out there and still working hard for a cure and that it is definately getting closer!! As you say though, What about NICE?
Thank you for this second link Angelfalls. I’ve just read the other one from you. Did anyone else read or hear of Lord Maurice Saatchi’s plan, campaign, to allow cancer patients (his wife died of cancer not so long ago) and their Oncologists to get easier access to newer treatments without the fear of litigation and all the red tape?
Angelfalls, thank you for posting this link. I did notice the article on a newspaper review last night but hadn’t had chance to read it.
I agree that genetic engineering of killer cells to recognise and attack cancer cells is promising. If we could get our immune system to recognise cancer cells, it would be game over for cancer. I do though worry about genetic engineering, since I don’t think there is yet enough understanding about the possible consequences.
Belinda, I wasn’t aware that Lord Saatchi was campaigning to make treatments more available. I will try and find out more, because I know of three charities that are doing similar things and would I’m sure benefit from his support.
Lemongrove, I’d like to know of those charities in case there’s anything I can do to help or support…?
Lord Saatchi’s introduced a new bill, heard in parliament in Dec, link below
Telegraph article telling the story…
Ah I was then going to paste the Telegraph link so ‘thank you’ Sarah. Hope this may be helpful to the charities you know Lemongrove.

domain: medical


text:
Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:
|Title:||Management of natural environment of an army training area - case study : mahajan field firing range, Rajasthan.|
|Guide:||Bhagwat, Prabhakar B.|
|Appears in Collections:||Thesis Reports|
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domain: geography