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More people are attending college than ever before, but many aren't finishing. Among low-income students, only nine percent complete a bachelor's degree by age 24.
The phrase "finding your tribe" is a total cliche — but one that does apply to certain situations.
TED Radio Hour, hosted by Guy Raz – takes listeneres a journey through fascinating ideas: astonishing inventions, fresh approaches to old problems, new ways to think and create.
It’s often taken for granted that America needs a strong dollar.
Imagine a world free of genetic diseases, where parents control their offspring’s height, eye color and intelligence. The science may be closer than you think.
The Arab Awakening has led to a rise in Islamist governments in the Middle East – increasing concerns about the rights of religious minorities.
Host Ira Glass talks with Rebecca, who, using perfectly valid evidence, arrived at the perfectly incorrect conclusion that her neighbor, Ronnie Loeberfeld, was the tooth fairy.
How could a nation founded on a Declaration that "all men are created equal" permit slavery?
Leinsdorf was the Principal Conductor of the Rochester Philharmonic Orchestra from 1947 to 1955.
Edinburgh Festivals: 2012 Year of Creative Scotland, a new series that offers listeners the chance to experience the world's largest combination of arts festivals
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A new front is opening up in Europe’s battle with money laundering.
After dirty-cash scandals involving hundreds of billions of euros rocked some of the continent’s biggest banks, the Baltic region -- where one of the the biggest cases yet erupted -- has begun a fresh clampdown.
This time, the target is payment-service providers, which as well as facilitating e-commerce often help people send money around the world at low costs. The risk is that criminals use them to conceal illicit transactions while scrutiny is focused on traditional banks.
The danger was

domain: economics


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Through 2015, Warwick's football program had four winning seasons in coach Bob Locker's first 15 years with the program.
Locker is still at the helm, now entering his 20th year and the second-longest tenured coach in the Lancaster-Lebanon League. He’s also two wins shy of 100 career victories, a milestone made feasible because the Warriors have stacked up a bunch of wins in the last four seasons.
Since the start of 2016, Warwick is 33-13. In 2018, the Warriors nabbed a piece of a section crown for the first time since 1997 and won a district playoff game for the first time in program history.
In 2019, Warwick beat Manheim Central for the first time since 1983 and later reached a district semifinal for the first time in program history, finishing 10-3 overall.
Warwick appeared on the verge of going further when taking a 13-0 first-half lead in the District Three Class 5A semifinals, but ultimately fell 21-13 to Cocalico, the eventual district champion.
It’s likely a point of motivation for a Warwick team that returns plenty of key parts heading into 2020, including Nolan Rucci, the top O-lineman recruit in the country for the Class of 2021, who last week verbally committed to Wisconsin.
“From last season, we have the idea we know we can go far,” Rucci told LNP | LancasterOnline. “Especially with the returning talent this year, and the guys coming up who are developing into some great players.”
Keep in mind Warwick is moving to Section Two, which includes Cocalico and Manheim Central. The Warriors are also in Class 5A, from which only four teams will qualify for the district playoffs because of the truncated season.
“You can’t give away any games in the regular season,” Rucci said.
About the offense
Rucci anchors an O-line that also returns seniors Owen Campbell and Caleb Goss. They’ll open holes for senior workhorse back Colton Miller (257 carries for 1,314 rushing yards, 30 TDs last season).
The biggest question mark for Warwick’s 1-back spread attack is the health of quarterback Joey McCracken (183 for 294 for 2,912 passing yards, 27 TDs, 6 interceptions), who is recovering from a knee injury suffered near the end of last basketball season.
If not for the injury, McCracken would likely have attended top QB camps over the summer, and had a good shot at being recruited by FBS, or perhaps FCS, college programs.
“Joey has been making an awesome recovery since back in winter when he had that injury,” Rucci said. “I know the kind of work he’s been putting in over the offseason, to get to the point where he is today is astronomical. ... I’m excited to see what he does this season.”
If McCracken can’t go, the Warriors’ coaching staff is confident in backup Jack Reed, a sophomore who completed 6 of 11 passes for 51 yards in mop-up duty last year.
No matter who takes the snaps, the Warriors will have a top target in wideout Caleb Schmitz (58 receptions for 951 yards, 13 TDs), a standout two-way player who is already committed to the University of Cincinnati.
About the defense
Of the top four tacklers on last year’s team, senior inside linebacker Nate Maher (76 tackles, 3 sacks) is the only returner of the bunch. Fronting him will be D-linemen Rucci (30 tackles), Campbell (18 tackles) and senior Thatcher Miller (29 tackles, 3 sacks).
Colton Miller (15 tackles) will also take on a larger role as a linebacker.
The strength of Warwick’s 3-4 defense is its secondary, led by all-state strong safety Schmitz (49 tackles, 4 interceptions), alongside D-backs Tanner Haines (47 tackles), Adam Martin (14 tackles, 2 interceptions) and Cooper Eckert (4 tackles, 1 interception).
Haines also handles the kicking duties.
Warwick hosts Manheim Central on Oct. 2 and Cocalico on Oct. 23.

domain: news


The ‘Waterfall Tour 2010’ is the name of the latest holiday/trip that I’m currently on. It’s not as well organised as my previous holiday around the state which came with a Google Map, Blog updates and photos, etc. However, this one will end up being fairly well represented. Already I have some content on the web and more will follow tonight – more photos and videos. I doubt that I will get everything ‘up to the minute’ as I did last time, as I expect most to be done in the aftermath of the actual trip.
I only decided this morning that I would go on this trip and then left half an hour later – forming the route of the trip as I went along. It is now fairly well formed in my head – I think.
When I finally get everything together, there should be content on Flickr (photos), YouTube (videos), Google Maps (map of the route), Blog posts on Kevin’s Walk on the Wild Side (my wilderness and travel Blog) and Kevin’s Daily (a Blog on which I post either a photo, video, link or quote each day), as well as content on my website at kevinswilderness.com . For Facebook and Twitter followers, you would already be getting updates from both Flickr and YouTube I think, as these sites are getting the photos and videos fairly quickly after they are ready. However, video preparation may take me a little longer now as well – I have a bit to edit and piece together.
Anyhow, as it comes together and is ready to share you can catch it all here on the Wild Side Blog and/or updates on progress in both Facebook and Twitter.
To keep you interested (perhaps), tomorrow I am probably going to see something like 4 or 5 waterfalls, if not more. I saw two today and 1 yesterday.
In news that has delighted the ears of climate change sceptics the world over, the Copenhagen summit on climate change has failed to deliver anything of real value that will actually make a difference. It is truly disappointing that even in the face of a massive environmental disaster that will affect the entire planet, global leaders have failed to lead and work together in finding solutions to the major issues we face over the coming decades and century.
Newspapers in Australia have reported the failure of the summit and are reporting on the leader of the opposition gloating over the failure of the summit. His solution is to ignore the real issue and hope that the Australian people prove to be as oblivious to climate change as the coalition he leads.
Typically, the usual anti-Kevin Rudd biased journalists and climate change sceptics of the newspaper (The Sunday Telegraph) I read this morning, were also quick to pour further scorn on the Prime Minister and the problem of climate change itself (which they deny). One particular vocal climate change sceptic in the Sunday Telegraph has very little credibility with me and I find his obsessive anti-Rudd tirades more than a little tiring. This self-opinionated buffoon is little more than an embarrassment for both the Sunday Telegraph and the Daily Telegraph for which he also writes. His columns are becoming more of a personal vendetta against Kevin Rudd than anything resembling real journalism.
I’ll be finding a better way to become acquainted with the daily news than continuing to read the biased diatribes that continue to be put forward by these papers in future. I’ll also be hoping that our leaders can overcome the various preoccupations each have with self-interest (whether it be personal or national) in order to reach a real workable agreement on dealing with the growing threat of climate change


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This was the first Rothschild cigar I tried and I got to say I'm impressed. The only thing I'd do differently is to do a punch cut. The draw was too loose for my taste but the aroma and taste were really good and I worked on this cigar well over and hour with some beer. This one is a must try!
Big Moose in Lawrenceville, IL. October 5, 2011

domain: hobby


Teachers and other educators play a critical role in our students’ and our state’s future, and they deserve to be fairly compensated for their dedication and hard work.
The Senate Finance Committee is
about to cut the proposed 5% pay increase,
in the midst of a statewide teacher shortage.
The teacher shortage is a crisis that has been severely damaging to our schools. Currently, House Bill 2 budgets for a 5% increase. We must keep it at this level, or higher.
Teachers are entrusted with New Mexico’s most valuable resource – our students. Cutting the proposed increase for teacher pay will only make the teacher shortage worse.
Please take a minute NOW to call AND email
Senate Finance Committee members and urge them to
keep teacher raises at 5%.
Clicking the senators’ names will open a prepopulated email, and please call too.
Senator John Arthur Smith // (505) 986-4365
Senator Pete Campos // (505) 986-4311
Senator Jacob R. Candelaria // (505) 986-4380
Senator Gay G. Kernan // (505) 986-4274
Senator George K. Munoz // (505) 986-4371
Senator John M. Sapien // (505) 986-4301
Senator Nancy Rodriguez // (505) 983-8913


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Memgen Reports Positive Results for ISF35 in High-Risk Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
DALLAS--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Jun 4, 2009 - Memgen announced today that the ongoing Phase Ib study of its cancer immune therapy, ISF35, has produced positive results, including a complete remission in the trial's first patient who had 17p deleted chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL).
The study, which is co-sponsored by the Leukemia & Lymphoma Society, assesses the ability of ISF35 to re-sensitize refractory and/or 17p deleted CLL to chemotherapy. The trial, which is actively recruiting patients, is being conducted by Januario Castro, M.D., of the University of California, San Diego (UCSD). The course of treatment evaluated in this trial – three infusions of ISF35-transduced cells followed by three courses of FCR – has been well-tolerated.
Results from the study show that pretreatment with autologous ISF35-transduced cells re-sensitized refractory and/or 17p deleted CLL to fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, and Rituxan® (FCR). The first patient in the ongoing trial achieved a complete remission that tested negative for minimal residual disease, indicating that the patient's bone marrow was cancer-free. The second patient in the trial has already experienced a complete resolution of lymphocytosis and lymphadenopathy after ISF35 and only one cycle of FCR and is scheduled to receive the remaining two cycles of FCR.
Correlative analysis and preclinical studies have suggested that ISF35, combined with chemotherapy, may result in greater anti-leukemic activity and potentially extend survival in refractory CLL, where, according to numerous studies, patients are documented to live only 9-24 months on average.
To position ISF35 for the possibility of rapid FDA approval for this urgent unmet medical need, Memgen is now working with academic institutions and pharmaceutical firms to initiate a multi-center Phase II trial of ISF35 in combination with chemotherapeutic agents for refractory CLL patients.
For more information about clinical trials at UCSD, contact Vineeta Prasad, (858) 822-0337, or firstname.lastname@example.org.
For more information about Memgen, please visit www.memgenbio.com.
Contact: University of California, San Diego Vineeta Prasad, 858-822-0337 email@example.com
Posted: June 2009


The costs for UK Visas and Immigration applications, as well as nationality applications, are reviewed every year. Different application costs apply to different UK visa categories, depending on whether the application is for entry clearance or in-country processing, as well as the visa’s term in some situations. Before applying, it’s usually a good idea to double-check the costs that will be charged, as well as the visa’s term.
For the past three years, there have been no changes in the Home Office application fees. However, on Wednesday, April 6, 2022, the United Kingdom Visa and Immigration Services announced changes for visa applications, which shows a significant rise in the cost. Several fee alterations have been made for visa applications made both in and outside the UK.
Several other changes have been made to the application expenses, check out the full list of alterations here. Feel free to contact our expert immigration lawyers at A Y & J Solicitors for more information.


Another Indictment: The Push To Put Trump In Prison Ahead Of 2024
The former president has now become the most high-profile January 6 defendant.
Written by Hudson Crozier
Yesterday, a federal grand jury indicted former President Donald Trump on four felony counts for his actions surrounding the 2020 election. Special Counsel Jack Smith accuses Trump of obstructing the Electoral College vote on January 6, 2021, and of three “conspiracies” to “defraud the United States,” disenfranchise voters and undermine election processes.
Why it matters: Trump’s arraignment is expected to come Thursday. Despite the political nature of Smith’s case, the system is in his favor; Trump faces a jury in the liberal city of Washington, D.C., and an Obama-appointed judge who has been extremely tough on the January 6 defendants.
Hard to prove: Much of Smith’s “conspiracy” narrative relies on the claim that Trump deliberately lied and didn’t believe his own claims about election fraud. Smith also alleges that Trump “exploited” the Capitol riot by waiting too long to respond; Trump explicitly called for peace that day.
The more serious allegations: Smith also focuses on Trump’s efforts to challenge the Electoral College vote, alleging that his use of alternate electors did not “satisfy legal requirements.” When former Vice President Mike Pence told Trump he didn’t have the authority to challenge the vote on a phone call, Trump allegedly replied, “You’re too honest.”
Reactions: Predictably, Democrats in Congress cheered the indictment, while Republicans mostly attacked it. Florida Gov. Ron DeSantis criticized Washington juries without addressing the allegations. Vivek Ramaswamy called the indictments a “banana republic” effort to eliminate political opposition. President Joe Biden has kept to his strategy of remaining silent on his political rival’s legal troubles.


TATA ELECTRIC VEHICLES
Government policies to combat rising pollution in India is driving Tata to shift its focus toward electric vehicles and plug-in hybrids. Tata who also owns Land Rover and Jaguar is now working on partial hybrids and fully-electric systems for its future range of passenger and commercial vehicles, despite Tata’s reliance on diesel-powered models. Tata has been in experimentation with EV’s for some years; programs included the Vista EV program in the UK. The company is also commissioning a battery assembly pilot line in Pune as part of this realigned strategy. The first Tata Electric Vehicles is expected to be the Tata MegaPixel REEV (Range Extended Electric Vehicle) rumored to be launched late 2016.
TATA EV MODELS
TATA EV SALES
Go to our detailed breakdown of Global EV Sales to see how the TATA EV strategy fares to its competitors in the fast-growing EV market.
TATA ELECTRIC CARS IN THE NEWS
2017 Week 49 - Tata delivers first Tigor to Government
On December the 6th Tata completed the first phase as the winner of the historic tender to deliver 10,000 EVs to the Indian Government. As per the requirement of the tender Tata delivered 250 Tigor EVs which will be followed by a further 100 units shortly. Tata Chairman, Mr. N. Chandrasekaran waved off the first Tigor EV from the production line at the plant in Sanand. Recently released specs of the Tata Tigor indicates that the EV will have a range of around 100km at a price of Rs 11.2 lakh. The Indian Government is expected to list a second tender in 2018 opening up the possibility for foreign automakers to compete in the Indian market.
2017 Week 47 - Tata Nano comes to life, finally
Indian automaker Tata and city-based Jayem Automotives joined forces to revitalize the loss-making Tata Nano with an electric powertrain. The Tata Nano EV will be branded under the NEO brand. Electra EV (Electrodrive Powertrain Solutions Private Limited) will provide the powertrain, Tata will supply the components, assembly and distribution will be done by Jayem Auto. The Tata Nano EV had some failed starts since 2010. The 4-seat 48-volt NEO Nano with its 17kW electric motor has a range of 200km (ARAI test cycle) or 150km with its aircon on. The NEO Nano is expected to be released soon but will at first only be available to Indian raid-hailing company, Ola Cabs.
2017 Week 45 - India to follow the world’s biggest EV tender with an even bigger tender in 2018
In September the Indian Government’s Energy Efficiency Services Limited (EESL) awarded the world’s biggest EV tender of 10,000 EVs to Tata Motors. India’s other big carmaker, Mahindra & Mahindra, got a concession allocation to deliver 3,000 of the total 10,000 units. The tender to replace the Indian Government’s fleet of petrol and diesel vehicles over the next four years is to kickstart the Indian EV sector to reach its ambitious goal to get the country off fossil fuels and 100% EV based by 2030. Tata will supply its Tigo EV, and Mahindra is expected to include its KUV100 Crossover EV which is expected in 2018. According to the Financial Express sources, this week said that the EESL is preparing a second even bigger tender of 20,000 vehicles early in 2018. Speculation is that international EV manufacturers could get a slice of the pie to further develop the Indian EV sector through this new tender. The value of the tender is expected to be in the region of Rs2,300 crore (~$350 million), which equate to $17,500 per vehicle.
2017 Week 40 - Tata win forces Mahindra to dig deaper
After losing a tender to supply the Indian government with electric vehicles to Tata, Mahindra and Mahindra amped up its investment in the sector by earmarking $600 million (Rs 4,000 crore) over the next three to five years. The investment will be in four parts, namely:
- R&D in EV tech including battery technology, power electronics, and motors;
- Capacity expansion;
- Electrifying its current portfolio;
- Developing a dedicated EV platform with Pininfarina.
2017 Week 34 - Tata joins UK self-driving program
Tata Motors of India joined the UK’s autonomous drive testing project, named ‘UK Autodrive.’ The UK Autodrive program is conducted in Milton Keyes and Coventry and includes other automakers active in the UK market, including Tata, Jaguar Land Rover, and Ford. Tata is using its Tiago vehicle in the trials.
2017 Week 24 - New EVs Announced
This week saw the announcement of four new EV models by Audi, DS Auto, Tata Motors and Hyundai. The four brands will release electrified versions of existing model ranges as they rush to enter the market.
Audi announced its intentions to launch an electrified version of the Q2 SUV for the Chinese market. The Q2 will compete with the BMW Brilliance X1 which is also specifically produced for the Chinese EV market.
PSA Group’s luxury brand DS announced that it will release an all-electric vehicle or PHEV every year from 2019 starting with the DS7 Crossback. In other news, PSA Group and Changan deepened their relationship in China with the intent to jointly develop electric vehicles in a similar fashion as the VW JAC JV announced earlier this month.
Tata Motors will enter the India market with an electric version of the Tata Tiago hatchback. The Tiago will be Tata’s first production EV. In 2015 the market speculated that the Indian company was to bring the Tata Megapixel to market in 2016 as its first EV but market conditions did not favor EVs at the time. The Indian Government has since embarked on a drive to change to 100% EV in 2030.
Hyundai revealed its latest EV, an electric version of the Hyundai Kona SUV. The car is expected to reach the market late 2018 and will be unveiled at the Frankfort Auto Show in September 2017. Although no specifics has been revealed the Kona is expected to have a range of 217 miles from a 50kWh battery and will be priced below $40,000. In related news, the Korean company announced that it will increase production of the popular Hyundai Ioniq with 50%.
2017 Week 3 - Indian tycoon announces his interest in an electric vehicle for India
Bloomberg reported that the JSW Group’s owner and Chairman, Sajjan Jindal, announced in Davos, Switzerland his intention to enter the Indian Electric Vehicle market by 2020. The metals tycoon expects the Indian government, like many other governments, will promote EVs once it’s more affordable. Although India has some large automakers such as Tata and Mahindra, which is a contender in the Formula E Series, the country is significantly lagging its neighbor China, the world’s largest EV market. India had only around 6,000 electric vehicles registered at the end of 2015.
2016 Week 45 - Jaguar developing crossover electric vehicle
The Daily Telegraph reported that Jaguar Land Rover is expected to introduce its first electric vehicle as early as the coming week during the Los Angeles Auto Show. The Tata-owned company is expected to launch a Crossover vehicle to enter the fast-growing electric car segment and to comply with ever increasing regulations to lower its emissions. Although a latecomer to the market, Jaguar is clearly eager to enter the sector and signaled its intentions by entering a team in Formula E series earlier this year.
Not sure which model EV to choose?
wattEV2Buy’s easy to use EV Select tool helps identify which electric vehicle is perfect for your specific requirements. EV Select compare electric vehicles battery electric range over various vehicle types. Within four clicks you can get the perfect luxury sedan able to drive your required distance on battery power.
Unsure what the charging cost will be?
wattEV2Buy’s easy to use Charging Cost Calculator compare electric vehicles charging cost in your state and relate it to equivalent gasoline cost. The charging cost calculator also allows you to be specific and customize your electricity cost in kWh and provide results in miles and kilometers, making it usable all over the world.
#Top5 #EVNews Week 12/2019 – Geely receives record international orders for Geometry A EV | BMW strategy update | XPENG opens DC charge station | New EVs
#Top5 #EVNews Week 11/2019 – Geely takes aim at Model 3 | Lots of new EVs | demand for EVs the Trojan horse for Chinese auto brands
#Top5 #EVNews Week 9/2019 – Will the $35k Tesla Model 3 make some EV models obsolete? | Flood of of new PHEVs | Hyundai feeling the pinch of electrification


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|Minimum Stay||2 nights|
When you book through the HomeAway checkout, your booking is backed by our Book with Confidence Guarantee™ offering comprehensive payment protection.Learn more
Treat yourself to an unforgettable winter vacation with the majestic Skidder's Lair. Great views, a hot tub, easy access to the slopes and NPOA, and down-home comforts - what more could you ever ask for?
Thanks to free door-to-door shuttle service, this multi-level home boasts incredible views without giving up easy access to an incredible amount of activities, ranging from skiing and snowboarding on the slopes and the relaxing amenities of the Village at Northstar.
The vaulted ceiling gives the house a nice, spacious feel and wood paneling and bright colors give off a bright, welcoming atmosphere.
The living room features a wood fireplace, accompanied by comfortable sofas and plush carpet. The big-screen TV, cable access, and Internet mean you can enjoy all the luxuries of home while surrounded by wintertime views.
A real highlight is the gourmet kitchen, with granite countertops, stainless steel appliances, gas range, and all the cooking appliances and cookware you could wish for. Appliances like air popcorn popper, mixer, waffle iron, salad spinner, and stockpot make a variety of meals possible, and the Weber charcoal grill on the main floor deck allows for outdoor cooking on warmer days.
For sleeping options, the main floor offers a queen-size master suite with en suite, and a bedroom with one twin bed and twin-over-double bunk to ensure the kids get a good night's sleep. Upstairs is a huge king-size master suite with a private deck and en suite bath. The flexible den area has a queen sleeper sofa and a deck that doubles as an entertainment room with cable TV.
In addition to the shuttle service, the spacious two-car garage keeps your car toasty even during the heart of winter. Golf, skiing and snowboarding, the NPOA Rec Center pools, gym, and hot tubs, Nordic skiing, downhill mountain biking, ice skating and roller skating, movie theater, and the Village at Northstar's legendary dining and shopping are all at your disposal.
Who says you can't have everything? Pristine ski slopes, incredible perks, and a fantastic home to come back to at the end of the day - place your reservation today.

domain: travel


The Tree People It's My Story on Limited Edition Import LP
After decades of dormancy, Oregon freak-folk/folk psych pioneers The Tree People returned in 2010 with It's My Story. Responsible for two awesome works in the late '70s and early '80s, they sound exactly as they did almost 30 years ago here. This could be their best work ever; mellow, tender freak-folk with acoustic guitar, double bass, recorder, flute and percussion. Featuring eleven new tracks, plus a new version of "Space Heater" from their 1979 debut. Also includes an insert with photos and lyrics, as well as liner notes by folk-psych connoisseur Gerald Van Waes.


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Brooke Stacy Mills
Quick Facts of Brooke Stacy Mills
|Full Name||Brooke Stacy Mills|
|Net Worth||5 Million USD|
|Date of Birth||21 September, 1967|
|Nickname||Brooke Stacy Mills|
|Height||5 Feet and 4 Inches/ 1.63 Meters|
|Online Presence||IMDB, Instagram, Pinterest|
|Children||Sage Edelstein and Cole Edelstein|
Working with Hollywood royalties like Gerard Butler, Camron Diaz, Chadwick Boseman, J.K. Simmons, and Jamie Fox, Brooke Stacy Mills is a Legend in Cinema History. Furthermore, the Box-Office queen has given hits after hits, as her name attracts millions to the Cinema. With 30 years of work, she has seen highs and lows in her career. Currently, she enjoys quality time with her husband and children. Well, let’s celebrate the inspiring career of the mother of two.
Is Brooke Stacy Mills Married?
The legendary actor is married. Her husband is Barry Edelstein, who is rarely seen online. Barry and Brooke’s marriage has been successful. The pair appears to enjoy travelling and dining out as a family.
Furthermore, on December 21, 2019, the entire Edelstein family appeared on her Instagram. Despite her celebrity, Brooke has remained silent about her family to avoid constant attention.
As of 2022, she lives a low-key life with her husband. Similarly, she is staying away from divorce controversy and rumours.
Brooke Stacy Mills Career
The legendary actor began her career in 1988 after appearing on the classic Hairspray as Lou Ann Levorowski. She also appeared in several projects, including The In Crowd and Stealing Home. Furthermore, she was featured in 7 episodes of the Tv series As the World Turns. However, she got massive recognition after starring in 2009’s Action drama Law Abiding Citizen opposite Gerard Butler. Later on, she portrayed the role of a reporter in 21 Bridges.
Recently, Brooke played an essential role in 2020’s drama Dispatches from Elsewhere. Furthermore, her recent works are Mare of East town and recently completed Alpha Rift.
Brooke Stacy Mills Net Worth
With a nearly three-decade career, she has amassed a large fan base and viewership. She has spent her earnings on a luxurious time with her family, visiting expensive restaurants and taking exotic vacations.
In addition, her movies have gained millions of Box-Office, for instance, 21 Bridges (49.9 Million USD), The Other Women (196.7 Million USD), The Gift ( 59 Million USD), Law Abiding Citizen (126.7 Million USD), Stealing homes (15 Million USD), and The in Crowd (5 Million USD). In addition, she hosted QVC. Like Marvel Superstar Brie Larson, Mills has cast a long shadow challenging to cover by critics and haters.
Body Measurements And Age of Brooke Stacy Mills
Regarding the host’s physical persona, Mills stands at 5 Feet and 4 Inches (1.63 Meters) and weighs around 60 Kilograms. Currently, she has reached 53 years of age. Furthermore, the stunning actress was born with piercing black eyes and shiny black hair.
The 21 Bridges star belongs to the White ethnicity and holds American Nationality. Stacy flaunts a lean physical stature, befitting a Hollywood star. Besides, her Zodiac sign is Virgo.
Looking at her early life, Brooke was born in America on September 21, 1967. Furthermore, She was born in a middle-class American family to unknown parents.
The 53-year-old attended a local high school and recently reunited with her schooling friends. Moreover, Mills was fascinated by acting and performing, which fueled her desire to achieve an acting career.
Stay Tuned With Us: FaveBites

domain: celebrity


Revelation Perth International Film Festival looks at the goings-on of the film world in Western Australia for the month of June (and beyond).
Revelation Film Festival
Program launched 30 May – tickets on sale now!
Like a fine wine, Revelation only gets better with age and for 2019 they’re bringing you over 150 feature films, documentaries, shorts, animations and music videos plus an academic conference, art exhibition, workshops, panel discussions, Q+As and special guests.
Covering works from more than 30 countries, this is a true international film festival bringing you the very best of cinema.
4-17 July, Luna Leederville, Luna on SX and other venues across Perth and Fremantle
A virtual reality festival running alongside the Revelation Film Festival that invites the public to immerse themselves in a new digital media experience.
Designed to explore immersive technologies in a way never seen before in WA, XR:WA embraces computer and tabletop games, VR, Augmented Reality, Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning and includes a conference, exhibition, key note speakers and much more.
6-14 July, Pan Pacific Hotel, Perth
One of the best nights on the monthly film-lover's calendar is Australian Revelations. Presenting some of the best in Australian classics plus new features and documentaries and WA-made shorts, it takes place on the last Monday every month. Screening at the Backlot Perth, tickets include drinks and nibbles!
German Film Festival
The German Film Festival comes to Perth for the first time, bringing with it the best new films from Germany. Showcasing award-winning dramas straight from Berlinale, from feel-good comedies and psychological thrillers plus festival favourites, works of auteurs as well as the brightest new talent. The German Film Festival programme features a great selection of 28 films, 26 of them Australian Premieres.
28 May-12 June, Palace Cinema Paradiso & Palace Raine Square, Perth
The Cure Disintegration
The Cure are playing a string of dates at Sydney Opera House to celebrate the 30th anniversary of Disintegration, topping it off with a live stream on 30 May.
On Sunday 1 June catch a replay of the livestream at The Backlot Perth.
This is a free event – so book your seat immediately to avoid disappointment.
Bar opens at 1pm, viewing from 2pm.
1 June, The Backlot Perth
View The Who’s counter cultural masterpiece 'Quadrophenia' on the big screen and enjoy an acoustic set of Mod classics before the film. 'Quadrophenia' is a classic coming-of-age story depicting the defiant, drug-fuelled mod subculture of early 1960s London. A quintessential chronicle of youthful rebellion and turmoil.
9 June, The Backlot Perth
Girls School Cinema
Your winter plans just got a whole lot cosier because Girls School Cinema is back and Programme One tickets are now on sale.
Housed in a stunning castle-like building in East Perth, Girls School Cinema features loads of new treats a including a special movie marathon session.
The Girls School Cinema season runs 17 May-12 October every Wednesday to Sunday.


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Fleabag Season 3: Fleabag’s screen has dipped to black after the second season. However, fans haven’t let go of the hope that Fleabag would indeed come back to brighten up their screens with Fleabag Season 3. Would It? The writer and face of the show- Phoebe Waller-Bridge, who plays the character of Fleabag, has something to say to her fans that makes it clear what she has in mind for the future of the comedy-drama.
Adapted from Waller-Bridge’s 2013 one-woman play Fleabag, the TV adaption released on BBC and Amazon back in July 2016. Two seasons of the show are out, and both the seasons have been critically acclaimed. Waller-Bridge also won the BAFTA award for Best Female Comedy Performance. The second season of Fleabag has been nominated for eleven Emmy awards and has won six of them. With such praises all around, would there be more of the show? Would we get Fleabag Season 3? Here is everything to know-
Waller-Bridge On Fleabag Season 3
Phoebe Waller-Bridge, who has been the face of the show, has been persistent in establishing that fans must not wait for a third season as it might never happen. In fact, she has discouraged everyone from having any hopes about it. When the streaming platform BBC asked her about the third season, she declared that she has thought about the third season, and there won’t be one. That is it; the second season is the final season.
Back in August, Waller said that she feels like the show is done. She does have a fantasy to bring back the show when she is about 45 or 50. She continued to say that she had the biggest journey in the two seasons of the show. When she first started the show, she was someone who hated herself, and by the end of Fleabag season 2, she became someone who knew that she could love again and, moreover, forgive herself. Now she has to respect that side of the story and let Fleabag go and live for a while. Continuing Waller says that the reason to end Fleabag never felt as guttural as they now feel. She is a big gut-follower.
How Did The Second Season End?
The second season of Fleabag ended on quite a bitter-sweet note. The finale followed Fleabag when her evil Godmother marries her father. Then she mended her relationship with Claire, her sister, just as Claire and Martin’s marriage ends. Claire is went free to race to the airport to stop her true love, Klare.
On the other side, Fleabag and the Priest head to the bus stop as they examine the situation and the places their impossible relationship can go. By the end, the priest chooses his faith over Fleabag. Using her eyes, Fleabag asks the camera to mournfully remain behind her as she exits the canvas.
Would It Never Happen?
Like we say, never say never; we would not entirely rule out the possibility for Fleabag season 2. When Waller-Bridge first came up with Fleabag, it was supposed to be the only season of the show. In the Television Critics Association panel, Waller-Bridge revealed that she has decided not to do a second season. She is proud of the first season and her artistic integrity.
However, then she got an idea for the second season. In another panel, she said that she might get surprised again if she ever comes up with Fleabag Season 2. Fans would remember the initial announcement she made for the second season. She says that she asked herself if Fleabag had more to say, and that voice hasn’t shut up since. She continued to say that the second season would be a new adventure, and she is beyond thrilled.
So, if history repeats itself and Waller chooses to bring Fleabag Season 3, we would be more than delighted. For now, the producer, the writer, and the actor herself is sticking to her word of not coming back with more of the show. We will keep you updated with all the new information about it if and when we get it. So, you stay tuned.

domain: entertainment


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May 17, 2019
Wild Rose Necklace – A Closer Look
Inspired by the delicate pink petals of the wild roses that pop up in countryside hedgerows the Wild Rose Necklace has pretty little heart shaped leaves.
Set with your choice of a white sapphire or a light purple amethyst hemstone amongst the flower’s stamen the wild rose necklace is a really sweet delicate little necklace.
Available in solid sterling silver, 18ct yellow gold vermeil and my favourite, 18ct rose gold vemeil the Wild Rose Necklace is a really easy to wear little necklace.
I thought I’d give you a closer look at them!

domain: design


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In the case of drama (stage, movies, television ), there appear to be people in almost every audience who never quite fully realize that a play is a set of fictional, symbolic representations. An actor is one who symbolizes other people, real or imagined. [...] Also some years ago it was reported that when Edward G. Robinson, who used to play gangster roles with extraordinary vividness, visited Chicago, local hoodlums would telephone him at his hotel to pay their professional respects.
No matter how many modern parts I do, people still refer to me as Mrs. Costume Drama.helena bonham carter
She whose youth had seemed to teach that happiness was but the occasional episode in a general Drama of pain.thomas hardy
He who has never envied the vegetable has missed the human Drama.
Without some knowledge of Constitutional History it is absolutely impossible to do justice to the characters and positions of the actors in the great Drama; absolutely impossible to understand the origin of parties, the development of principles, the growth of nations in spite of parties and in defiance of principles. It alone can teach why it is that in politics good men do not always think alike, that the worst cause has often been illustrated with the most heroic virtue, and that the world owes some of its greatest debts to men from whose very memory it recoils.william stubbs
Evidently one cannot look for long at the Last Supper without ceasing to study it as a composition, and beginning to speak of it as a Drama. It is the most literary of all great pictures, one of the few of which the effect may largely be conveyed can even be enhanced by description.kenneth clark
[L]ife, individual or collective, personal or historic, is the one entity in the universe whose substance is compact of danger, of adventure. It is, in the strict sense of the word, Drama. … [T]he primary, radical meaning of life appears when it is employed in the sense not of biology, but of biography. For the very strong reason that the whole of biology is quite definitely only a chapter in certain biographies, it is what biologists do in the portion of their lives open to biography.josé ortega y gasset
The Soliloquies developed by great dramtists like Calderon or Racine , Lessing or Schiller are distinctive soliloquies developed within certain limits and are not in the same way as of the typical soliloquy of Shakespeare ...if we were to postulate several basic types of soliloquy in Shakespeare, following the functional patterns found in Drama before his time... we would only partially succeed in assigning to them the abundance of individual soliloquies. For all such categories as expositional soliloquy, reflective soliloquy, homily and so on, turn to be applicable in part only.
The soliloquy of pre-Shakespearean Drama was regularly addressed directly to the audience , forging a link between them and the stage .
By whatever means it is accomplished, the prime business of a play is to arouse the passions of its audience so that by the route of passion may be opened up new relationships between a man and men, and between men and Man. Drama is akin to the other inventions of man in that it ought to help us to know more, and not merely to spend our feelings .Arthur Miller
Westward the course of empire takes its way; The four first Acts already past, A fifth shall close the Drama with the day; Time's noblest offspring is the last.
Soccer is not about justice. It’s a Drama – and criminally wrong decisions against you are part and parcel of that.Pete Davies
Nowadays a sales conference resembles a Passion play: everybody is invited to participate and marvel at the Drama.
A talent for Drama is not a talent for writing, but is an ability to articulate human relationships.
But if politics is an art, it is not like sculpture or painting, where one side acts and the other is passive material. It is more like Drama without a script, or dance without choreography - in other words, improvisation. Either player may surprise us again with a new move.thomas flanagan
Time takes her toll and the memory fadesbut his glory is broken, in the magic that he made.Reality is ruined; it's the freeing from the fearThe Drama is distorted, to what they want to hearSwimming in their sorrow, in the twisting of a tearAs they wait for a new thrill parade.phil ochs
My first singing role was as Susanna in a school production in a shortened form of Mozart’s The Marriage of Figaro. I loved to sing and I was given lots of encouragement by a wonderful music teacher Mrs Ann Hill and by my parents who suggested I go to Drama school.elaine paige
Although the Drama of games of strategy is strongly linked with the psychological aspects of the conflict, game theory is not concerned with these aspects. Game theory, so to speak, plays the board. It is concerned only with the logical aspects of strategy.Anatol Rapoport
Cassidy had been drawn to the crime beat because of its guaranteed Drama. It offered murders, kidnappings, armed robbery, and the occasional hostage situation. But predictable it wasn’t.lis wiehl
The growing Drama has outgrown such toys Of simulated stature, face, and speech: It also peradventure may outgrow The simulation of the painted scene, Boards, actors, prompters, gaslight, and costume, And take for a worthier stage the soul itself, Its shifting fancies and celestial lights, With all its grand orchestral silences To keep the pauses of its rhythmic sounds.
Narrative prose is a legal wife, while Drama is a posturing, boisterous, cheeky and wearisome mistress.Anton Chekhov
Her strong sense that neither she nor any human being deserved less than was given, did not blind her to the fact that there were others receiving less who had deserved much more. And in being forced to class herself among the fortunate she did not cease to wonder at the persistence of the unforeseen, when the one to whom such unbroken tranquility had been accorded in the adult stage was she whose youth had seemed to teach that happiness was but the occasional episode in a general Drama of pain.thomas hardy
What the cinema can do better than literature or the spoken Drama is to be fantastic.aldous huxley
Nature in her whole Drama never drew such a part; she has sometimes made a fool, but a coxcomb is always of a man's own making…joseph addison
Don't be so condescending. Our village life is a hotbed of intrigue and Drama.Mary nickson
For all this diversity , the core of East Indian spirituality is Hinduism , especially as disclosed in the notion of leela (also spelled lila), or play. The entire cosmos is a leela, a dance of energy , a Drama staged by Brahman , the Absolute . Leelas are also specific celebrations.
Even though the emotion and the Drama of the situation, I wasn't thinking about that. I was just thinking about ball, head, goal.

domain: literature


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A bit late but still fun. Do you ever find yourself thinking "Man there is a strong lack of Miley Cyrus in my life"? Well boy do I have something for you. Simply print this image, cut out the cute mini Mileys, and attach them to your favorite ball ornaments for your very own Miley wrecking ball. Oh the fun!
Posted in Miley Cyrus


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Au Revoir, Uterus!
A Floral Uterus Card
October of 2021 was a momentous time for me. I had a medically recommended hysterectomy due to several large fibroid tumors as well as endometriosis. This surgery marked the welcome end to a long infertility journey. Although the surgery and recovery were physically tough, I am relieved that I can now move on with my life.
So, a cheeky little farewell to my uterus was in order! This was the thank-you card I made for my surgeon. This card also sparked several custom orders from others who recently had their own hysterectomies!
The floral uterus print and cut came from Etsy, and the foiled banner and sentiment were my own designs. The foil is Minc Gold Stars. I adhered all the elements to a piece of Navy cardstock from Recollections.
If you have any questions about this design or technique, or wish to place your own custom order, hit me up at firstname.lastname@example.org!


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Here in the states authorities are cracking down on cell phone use while driving for the general public. In Canada cell phone use is being looked at from the viewpoint of a workplace safety issue for those who drive for an employer.
The union doesn’t take issue with some sort of discipline being handed to drivers who use hand-held devices. “There’s no excuse for it,” said Houlahan, emphasizing that a “very small percentage” of CMBC’s 3,600 drivers were “slow to get with the program.” But the punishment must be reasonable, he argues. “The purpose of discipline isn’t to hit someone over the head with a two-by-four, but to correct the aberrant behavior.”
Podcast/Webcast: Occupational Health Strategies
WC Calculator: http://www.reduceyourworkerscomp.com/calculator.php
Do not use this information without independent verification. All state laws vary. You should consult with your insurance broker or agent about workers’ comp issues.


Written By Mikey Sutton • Editor-in-Chief • Owner
Bishop could be in the MCU’s X-Men reboot. This isn’t a rumor, gossip, or speculation. Rather, Marvel Studios producer Nate Moore dropped Bishop’s name in Black superhero movies he wants to see. Granted, this isn’t guaranteed; moreover, Moore isn’t spilling secret information. After all, Bishop doesn’t seem like a popular enough character to earn his own franchise.
On the other hand, given the right casting Bishop has the potential of really taking off. Omar Sy played Bishop in X-Men: Days of Future Past. However, director Bryan Singer only gave him a brief appearance. Thus, Bishop joined the list of mutants that Fox barely touched. Like Sony and their Spider-Man movies, Fox benched too many X-Men members. In fact, there’s too much for this article to cover.
On the contrary, Marvel Studios likely won’t make the same mistake. Moore admitted:
“There’s no secret the X-Men are coming home, and boy, if you talk about Storm and Bishop, they’re two of the great characters in that franchise, that I certainly could pitch you ideas all day of.”
Bishop Might Be In The MCU’s X-Men Movie
Without a doubt, Moore’s statement fuels the possibility. However, the decision won’t be his. Marvel Studios president Kevin Feige and X-Men‘s creative personnel will have the final say. But the new X-Men movie doesn’t have a director yet. Moore explained why:
“No, we’re early, early, early days, yeah.”
Indeed, the nobody uttered the word mutant until Ms. Marvel‘s season finale last year. Furthermore, Marvel Studios has only introduced two mutants so far: Ms. Marvel and Namor in Black Panther: Wakanda Forever. Patrick Stewart’s Professor X in Doctor Strange in the Multiverse of Madness came from a parallel Earth. Technically, you could include him, too.
Still, Professor X died. Therefore, he won’t be joining the new X-Men. In fact, Deadpool 3 has the potential of opening the mutant floodgates. Ryan Reynolds’ Deadpool and Hugh Jackman’s Wolverine will truly bring in the mutants but with F-bombs and graphic violence.
If there’s an MCU follower against such an entrance, well, they don’t exist.
Filipino artist Whilce Portacio and writer/illustrator John Byrne co-created Bishop in The Uncanny X-Men No. 282 in 1991. Bishop gained a larger following in Marvel Comics.
Nevertheless, his inclusion in the X-Men animated shows brought him mainstream attention.
Even if Marvel Studios doesn’t unleash Bishop immediately, it’s inevitable. Moore’s desire could make it faster.


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Motivation is divided into1
- Internal motives
- Determine the direction of the behavior
Alignment with an outcome or goal
- Determine the direction of the behavior
- Determines the intensity or strength of the engagement
- Time endurance of the commitment
The internal motives (needs, cognitions, emotions) serve as mediators between external triggers on the one hand and behavior/performance on the other.2
ADHD sufferers require on average significantly higher extrinsic (external influence, e.g., rewards, compulsions, threatened punishments) or intrinsic (from within themselves / from the thing itself) incentives than do non-affected individuals to achieve the same personal motivation.
We think that this leads to the fact that motivation in ADHD is (somewhat) more strongly directed towards the satisfaction of one’s own needs and is weaker guided by the needs of others than in non-affected individuals.
What may look like slightly increased egoism from the outside, however, is a non-conscious shift in what can arouse individual motivation and is not subject to conscious controllability by the individuals concerned.
1. Motivability reduced in ADHD
- 1.1. Motivability through extrinsic / intrinsic incentives
- 1.1.1. Extrinsic motivability attenuated in ADHD
- 1.1-2. Intrinsic motivability also attenuated in ADHD
- 1.2. Reward sensitivity by behavior / autonomic nervous system activity
- 1.3. What motives motivate which ADHD subtype?
- 1.4. Type and strength of rewards in tests
- 2. Attention in ADHD: not disturbed, but different
- 3. Inhibition problems disappear when individual motivation is high
- 4. Reward improves working memory and sustained performance in ADHD
- 5. Reward and frustration intolerance
- 6. Impatience and procrastination in ADHD: motivation differs
- 7. Emotional dysregulation and reward expectancy
- 8. Response times and response variability
- 9. Reward and motivation in other ADHD symptoms
- 10. Motivation in ADHD and stress hypothesis
1. Motivability reduced in ADHD
Motivation shows variations in ADHD compared to non-affected individuals.345
For the neurophysiological correlates of motivational problems in ADHD, see ⇒ Neurophysiological correlates of drive and motivation problems in ADHD In the chapter ⇒ Neurological aspects.
The relationship between inattention and (poor) academic performance is explained by the level of concurrent intrinsic motivation and behavioral engagement, but not by the level of concurrent hyperactivity/impulsivity, behavior problems, or anxiety.6
Motivation or motivability (as well as attention) is not disturbed per se in ADHD, but is subject to a different mode of regulation / control profile. When motivation is particularly high, ADHD sufferers can hardly be distinguished from non-affected persons (even in attention tests). The difference lies rather in the lower self-motivability, which can easily be mistaken from the outside for unwillingness, laziness.
We suspect that motivability is more focused on satisfying one’s own needs than is the case for non-affected individuals.
To us, this would be a logical consequence of the fact that ADHD symptoms are mediated by the same neurophysiological pathway as symptoms of chronic stress (primarily decreased dopamine and norepinephrine levels in dlPFC, striatum, and cerebellum). One stress benefit is increased assurance of self-survival. In this context, a tendency to prioritize selfish behaviors would be expected. To date, we have found very little research examining ADHD and selfishness. One study of 90 ADHD-affected adults found significantly increased egocentrism.7 Another study found a weak correlation between selfishness/narcissism (as well as callous unemotional traits) and ADHD.8
Not meant, but possibly correlating, is that ADHD sufferers seem to be worse at taking the (visual) perspective of an interlocutor.9
Intrinsic needs can be addressed by intrinsic motivation/interests, where the thing itself arouses the interest/motivation of the individual, as well as by extrinsic motivation/interest (constraints, threatened punishments, rewards).
Hypothesis of shift in motivability toward intrinsic needs questionable / not proven so far
We had previously assumed that intrinsic motivability would be less impaired and that motivability would be shifted toward intrinsic motivation. Studies so far do not confirm this, with probably only studies related to academic intrinsic motivation in ADHD.
What does emerge, however, is a reduced neurophysiological response to anticipated (expected) rewards and an increased neurophysiological response to received rewards, which may explain the shift in motivability toward immediately available rewards and the associated devaluation of distant rewards (reward discounting).
We have not yet found any research to support our hypothesis that this is associated with a shift in motivability toward the satisfaction of personal needs.
1.1. Motivability through extrinsic / intrinsic incentives
1.1.1. Extrinsic motivability attenuated in ADHD
As many studies show, extrinsic motivability is weakened in ADHD compared to non-affected individuals. Extrinsic incentives must therefore generally be significantly higher in ADHD than in non-affected individuals in order to arouse the same level of motivation.10
In the following, this article contains many references to sources that show that in ADHD increased extrinsic incentives are able, through the motivation thus achieved, to reduce various symptoms to such an extent that they are no longer much more noticeable than in non-affected persons or even reach the level of non-affected persons, e.g. (sustained) attention, inhibition (impulsivity suppression), parts of working memory, and probably also frustration intolerance tends to be reduced. For most other ADHD symptoms, the effect of motivation created by increased incentives has not yet been studied.
1.1-2. Intrinsic motivability also attenuated in ADHD
One study on (academic) intrinsic motivability in ADHD found that it also seems to be attenuated, affecting ADHD-C and ADHD-I equally.11 Another study found that in adolescents with ADHD the academic intrinsic motivability with d = 0.49 was weakened somewhat more than the academic extrinsic motivability with d = 0.43 (in each case in comparison to non-affected persons).12
Another study hypothesizes that a slower event rate on tests in ADHD sufferers results in reduced intrinsic motivation due to their peculiarities in motivability.13 The authors further suggest that under certain circumstances, an external incentive can undermine an individual’s intrinsic motivation. However, this generally well-studied effect has not yet been tested in ADHD sufferers.
One report addresses the importance of intrinsic (internal) motives in ADHD and their capture by Self Determination Theory (SDT).2
1.2. Reward sensitivity by behavior / autonomic nervous system activity
Reward sensitivity can be divided into external reward sensitivity, defined as behavioral approach motivation in response to reward (i.e., reward-seeking behavior)14, and internal reward sensitivity, defined as the nervous system’s threshold for responding to reward, indexed by sympathetic nervous system activity, nucleus accumbens, or dopaminergic fronto-striatal brain regions)15.
1.2.1. Behavioral reward sensitivity (reward-seeking behavior)
In terms of behavioral reward sensitivity in children with ADHD, results suggest increased reward sensitivity in ADHD, with high rewards showing a very large effect and immediate rewards being significantly preferred.16 Some studies concluded increased behavioral reward sensitivity in children with ADHD due to
- A preference for small immediate rewards compared to larger delayed rewards17
- Depreciation of delayed rewards / delay discounting1819 20 21
- One small study found no difference in ADHD, but a decrease with age22
- Increased risk tolerance23 n = 203)
One study found a 27% reduction in behavioral reward sensitivity in ADHD (5.0 pops) compared to unaffected (6.35 pops) using the Balloon analogue risk task (BART), which we do not believe is consistent with the authors’ assessment of no differences. The decreased behavioral reward sensitivity in ADHD was also evident in measures of PEP (prolonged in ADHD) and RSA (HRV decreased).24 The groups differed significantly in gender distribution (55% boys TD vs 85% boys with ADHD).
1.2.2. Response threshold of the autonomic nervous system
Regarding neurophysiological reward sensitivity in children with ADHD, the results suggest an altered autonomic nervous system response threshold in ADHD.25 PEP was shown to be prolonged and RSA (HRV) decreased in ADHD.24
PEP and RSA: what they mean
The PEP represents the mesolimbic dopamine reactivity especially during the reward response.26 A longer PEP is a marker for reduced sympathetic nervous system activity, although this may be co-determined by other factors.27
Respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) consists of oscillatory increases and decreases in heart rate during the respiratory cycle. It represents parasympathetic/vagal effects on the heart. The RSA is thought to represent neural traffic through the vagus nerve28. The vagus nerve is thought to represent a physiological mechanism for rapid acceleration and deceleration of cardiac output (heart rate variability, HRV) in response to environmental (including social) demands.29
1.3. What motives motivate which ADHD subtype?
ADHD subtypes seem to differ in terms of the incentives that can increase their motivation. One hypothesis in this regard is that different ADHD subtypes might be helped by different incentives to improve their motivation. ADHD-C, who (like the predominantly hyperactive ADHD-HI subtype) carried more competitive traits, should be better incentivized by the use of game-like learning approaches and public recognition of their performance, whereas the predominantly inattentive ADHD-I subtype, who carried more cooperative traits and was more often distracted by their own intrinsic curiosity, would be more likely to be motivated by cooperative learning and social feedback. This applies in particular to instructional interventions and the style of didactic support for learning.11
For the neurophysiological correlates of reward in ADHD, see ⇒ Neurophysiological correlates of reward in ADHDin the section⇒ Neurophysiological correlates of ADHD symptoms In the section⇒ Neurological aspects.
1.4. Type and strength of rewards in tests
In studies of reward behavior, different incentives are used according to type (e.g., money, gifts, points, computer games) and intensity of reinforcement (e.g., 5 ct, 25 ct, 1 point, 100 points)….30
The fact that some studies found no change in ADHD symptoms due to rewards could possibly be due to the fact that the respective rewards were not able to arouse the individual’s interest sufficiently.30. The authors’ study on working memory in ADHD, however, found a significant improvement even with very high rewards, but not a complete equalization of working memory performance compared to non-affected persons.
Monetary rewards tend to show the strongest motivational incentive.
One study found that while social rewards improved impulsivity relatively more than in nonaffected individuals, again monetary rewards were the strongest motivator in both ADHD sufferers and nonaffected individuals.31
As rewards, monetary incentives seem to work better (for women) than punishments to be avoided through verbal feedback.32
2. Attention in ADHD: not disturbed, but different
Attention in ADHD differs significantly from that of non-affected individuals. Nevertheless, the ability to pay attention per se is not impaired in ADHD. The directability itself is also unchanged - attention in ADHD can be very focused (keyword: task switching problems, hyperfocus) or easily switch (keyword: distractibility).
Attention differs in ADHD from nonaffected individuals in that its guidance is subject to a different control profile. ADHD correlates with a decreased neurophysiological response to anticipated (expected) rewards and an increased neurophysiological response to received rewards, which explains the shift in motivability toward immediately available rewards and the associated devaluation of distant rewards (reward discounting).
We hypothesize that attention directing in ADHD is more dependent on high individual motivation. If something is personally highly interesting, the attention can stay well with this thing, if it is not very interesting, the attention changes more easily than in non-affected persons. Attention directing is much more dependent on satisfying one’s own needs in ADHD than in non-affected individuals. However, this is not selfishness, but an altered control of motivation over which the affected person has no control.
What looks from the outside like a “You can if you want to” is actually a “I can’t want as I should.”
Non-affected individuals are subject to the same deviant attentional control profile when they are in severe acute or chronic stress. For such emergencies (e.g., life-threatening situations), such an attentional pattern is helpful and has been useful in survival for the last millennia.
The problem we see in ADHD is that this attention control profile is permanently activated even though there is no corresponding life-threatening situation.
Even if it initially seems logical that a weakening of motivability is associated with things that are of personal interest becoming relatively more prominent, we have not yet been able to find any scientific evidence for the hypothesis that motivability shifts toward personal interests.
Brown refers to the interest-driven change in attention for ADHD as a tendency to focus attention excessively on things that interest.33 Anxiety and depression are subject to a similar perceptual bias toward the distressing/scary topics.3435
In ADHD, deactivation of the default mode network (DMN), which is deactivated when attention to external stimuli is activated, is reduced. Rewards of interest, such as stimulants, are able to bring the deactivation of the DMN in ADHD sufferers into line with that of non-affected individuals.36
The focusable attention of ADHD sufferers is also reflected in the fact that they can achieve the same performance on ADHD tests as non-affected individuals if they have a high level of personal interest in the test. This often leads to false negative test results. (Extrinsic) rewards that are high enough to arouse personal interest produce the same result.3738394041
One study found that frequent reinforcement leveled differences in sustained attention between ADHD sufferers and nonaffected individuals, while infrequent reinforcement allowed the differences to persist. This had particularly affected younger children.42
More on this at ⇒ ADHD sufferers perform as well as non-affected individuals on tests given the right level of interest
The fact that an insufficiently stimulating environment (underactivation) can also cause inattention in healthy individuals, e.g., in gifted students in schools that are not suitable for gifted students,43, on the other hand, is probably not due to an altered control profile of attention, but rather to an underchallenge that causes boredom.
2.1. Task switching problems and distractibility in ADHD
If something individually particularly interesting (high individual motivation) is done, task switching problems arise. The attention is strongly absorbed and a change of attention to other things is difficult. This condition is called hyperfocus in the extreme, and the resulting symptom is task switching problems.
If the current activity is not individually particularly interesting, on the other hand, distractibility is increased. Attention is then less focused and easily directed toward new stimuli.
3. Inhibition problems disappear when individual motivation is high
Impulsivity in ADHD (inhibition ability) can also be influenced by rewards.44 Rewards led to stop-task results in children with ADHD that were similar to those of controls, whereas the same rewards improved inhibition less in children with brain injury.45 Here, the reward for a successful stop task consisted of immediate positive feedback on the screen (e.g., “Well done”/“Great”/“Keep up the good work”) and a point added to the score, which children could convert to candy or small toys after the test.
Another study also found identical inhibitory ability of ADHD sufferers and nonafflicted individuals to high rewards.46
Another study found a greater improvement in inhibition and sustained attention in ADHD sufferers than in non-affected persons,31. Another study found no improvement in inhibition ability with rewards.47 The reward here was 25 dollar cents for a successful inhibition in a modified stop-task test at the same time as a loss of 10 dollar cents for a failed test pass. It is conceivable that the form of reward in this test could not arouse sufficient individual motivation.
Several studies show that rewards improve inhibition skills not only in ADHD but also in substance abuse or gambling addiction.48
One review summarizes that in ADHD, impulsivity correlates with decreased activity of the striatum during reward anticipation, whereas in healthy individuals, impulsivity is associated with increased activity of the striatum during reward anticipation.49
4. Reward improves working memory and sustained performance in ADHD
ADHD is associated with impaired working memory.
In one study, children with ADHD showed significant improvements in working memory for rewards, but did not reach the level of unaffected individuals even for the strongest rewards (€10 and gaming). Only children with ADHD showed a decline in performance over the test duration. However, high rewards were able to eliminate this drop in performance.30
One study found that in children ADHD-C rewards (feedback after each run and points redeemable for prizes) improved visuospatial working memory with respect to manipulation of stored visuospatial information (backward span). In contrast, no improvement was found with respect to the storage of visuospatial information (forward span). A comparison with non-affected subjects was not made.50
Another small study also found improvements in visuospatial working memory from extrinsic rewards.51
5. Reward and frustration intolerance
One study found that the frustration still detectable in ADHD subjects at low rewards in the first test sessions did not occur at higher rewards.41 Another study found no improvement in frustration tolerance in ADHD with rewards.52
6. Impatience and procrastination in ADHD: motivation differs
Things with high personal motivation have to happen right now for ADHD sufferers. Impatience and not being able to wait are typical consequences of this.
In contrast, things for which there is low personal motivation are procrastinated more often than by non-procrastinators, such as opening unpleasant mail (as opposed to the longed-for call from a loved one), doing the tax return, or taking down the trash.
This pattern exists in all people to some degree. In ADHD, however, it is drastically increased and leads to dysfunctional outcomes.
7. Emotional dysregulation and reward expectancy
Emotional instability correlated with decreased activation of the striatum during reward expectancy in a study of healthy individuals only in women but not in men.53
8. Response times and response variability
In a Go/Nogo task, children with ADHD responded more slowly and variably than their unaffected siblings or controls. A slower event rate did not reduce the performance of the ADHD-affected children. Under reward, only the ADHD-affected and their unaffected siblings showed accelerated mean reaction times and lower response variability, but not controls, whereas accuracy improved in all 3 groups. Males responded faster and showed more false alarms, regardless of ADHD status.54
9. Reward and motivation in other ADHD symptoms
As of 2013, no published study had examined the impact of rewards on delay discounting in ADHD.55
It is colocated that children with ADHD do not show symptoms of attention problems, distractibility, or hyperactivity when they engage in an intrinsically highly motivating activity (e.g., computer games).
10. Motivation in ADHD and stress hypothesis
The changes in motivation in ADHD, including the neurophysiological correlates underlying them (decreased dopamine levels/decreased activation in the nucleus accumbens with anticipated reward and increased activation de nucleus accumbens with received reward), correspond to those in chronic stress. ⇒ Neurophysiological correlates of reward in ADHD
This is consistent with our hypothesis that symptoms of ADHD and symptoms of chronic stress are mediated by very similar neurophysiological mechanisms (primarily dopamine and norepinephrine deficiency in dlPFC, striatum, and cerebellum).
Reeve (2014): Understanding Motivation and Emotion; zitiert nach Morsink, Van der Oord, Antrop, Danckaerts, Scheres (2021): Studying Motivation in ADHD: The Role of Internal Motives and the Relevance of Self Determination Theory. J Atten Disord. 2021 Nov 19:10870547211050948. doi: 10.1177/10870547211050948. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34794343. ↥
Morsink, Van der Oord, Antrop, Danckaerts, Scheres (2021): Studying Motivation in ADHD: The Role of Internal Motives and the Relevance of Self Determination Theory. J Atten Disord. 2021 Nov 19:10870547211050948. doi: 10.1177/10870547211050948. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34794343. ↥ ↥
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Scheres, Dijkstra, Ainslie, Balkan, Reynolds, Sonuga-Barke, Castellanos (2005): Temporal and probabilistic discounting of rewards in children and adolescents: effects of age and ADHD symptoms. Neuropsychologia. 2006;44(11):2092-103. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2005.10.012. PMID: 16303152. n = 46 ↥
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Tenenbaum, Musser, Raiker, Coles, Gnagy, Pelham (2018): Specificity of Reward Sensitivity and Parasympathetic-Based Regulation among Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity and Disruptive Behavior Disorders. J Abnorm Child Psychol. 2018 Jul;46(5):965-977. doi: 10.1007/s10802-017-0343-0. PMID: 28875352; PMCID: PMC5839917. ↥ ↥
Luman M, Oosterlaan J, Sergeant JA. The impact of reinforcement contingencies on AD/HD: a review and theoretical appraisal. Clin Psychol Rev. 2005 Feb;25(2):183-213. doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2004.11.001. Epub 2004 Dec 30. Erratum in: Clin Psychol Rev. 2005 Jun;25(4):533. PMID: 15642646. REVIEW ↥
Brenner, Beauchaine (2011): Pre-ejection period reactivity and psychiatric comorbidity prospectively predict substance use initiation among middle-schoolers: a pilot study. Psychophysiology. 2011 Nov;48(11):1588-1596. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8986.2011.01230.x. PMID: 21729103. ↥
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domain: medical


text:
Issue Date: February 16, 2004
John Ross Selected For Richards Medal
John Ross, Camille & Henry Dreyfus Professor Emeritus of Chemistry at Stanford University, has been selected to receive the 2004 Theodore William Richards Medal.
The award is given every two years by the ACS Northeastern Section for conspicuous achievement in chemistry. It consists of a silver medal for display and a gold medal. The award will be presented to Ross on March 11 at Harvard University.
Ross has made seminal contributions to the theoretical and experimental study of chemical kinetics in complex reaction systems. He has received a number of honors, including the National Medal of Science, the ACS Peter Debye Award in Physical Chemistry, and Austria's Cross of Honor for Science & Art, First Class. He is a member of the National Academy of Sciences.
Ross received a B.S. from Queens College, New York City, in 1948 and a Ph.D. in physical chemistry from Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1951. After serving a postdoctoral fellowship for a year at Yale University, Ross joined the chemistry faculty at Brown University. In 1966, Ross moved to MIT, where he served several stints as head of the chemistry department. In 1980, he moved to Stanford University, where he remained until he retired in 2001.
Mark Award To Balazs
Endre A. Balazs received the Third Herman F. Mark Technology Medal on Dec. 9, 2003. The prize, given by the Polymer Research Institute of Polytechnic University, Brooklyn, N.Y., recognizes a scholar, scientist, or researcher who has strengthened the collaboration between industry and academia in the field of polymer science and engineering.
Balazs received an M.D. in 1942 from the University of Budapest Medical School, Hungary, where his early research focused on the intercellular matrix and the matrix polysaccharide hyaluronan.
In 1951, he moved to the U.S. to organize the research laboratories of the Retina Foundation, Boston. For the next 25 years, Balazs combined research, teaching, and advising medical students and served first as research director and later as president of the foundation. In 1970, Balazs became the first director of the Boston Biomedical Research Institute.
Balazs founded Biotrics in 1968 to develop methods of production and medical applications for ultrapure hyaluronan. And in 1981, Balazs founded Biomatrix with his wife, Janet Denlinger, and served as chief executive officer and chief scientific officer there for 20 years. The companies developed a number of applications for hyaluronan and its derivatives, including ophthalmic use and treatment of pain in osteoarthritis.
Balazs moved to New York City in 1975 to become Malcolm P. Aldrich Research Professor of Ophthalmology and director of eye research at the College of Physicians & Surgeons at Columbia University, where he continued research on hyaluronan. He and Denlinger also established the nonprofit Matrix Biology Institute to provide further support for hyaluronan research.
Tess Coatings Award To Nalamasu
Omkaram (OM) Nalamasu, director of Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute's Center for Integrated Electronics, Troy, N.Y., has been selected to receive the 2004 Roy W. Tess Award in Coatings of the ACS Division of Polymeric Materials: Science & Engineering. The award is presented annually in recognition of outstanding contributions to coatings science and technology. Nalamasu will receive the Tess Award on Aug. 23 during the 228th ACS national meeting in Philadelphia.
Nalamasu developed key concepts related to the chemically amplified photoresist process and novel resist materials and processes. Nalamasu applied his research to the implementation of both 248-nm and 193-nm photoresist technologies. Applications for his work include computer chip fabrication.
In 2003, Nalamasu received the New York State Office of Science, Technology & Academic Research Distinguished Professor Award consisting of a $1 million research grant. In 2000, he was honored with the ACS Award for Team Innovation for the invention and innovation of 193-nm resist materials. In 1998, he was a recipient of Japan's Photopolymer Science & Technology Award.
Nalamasu earned a doctorate in chemistry in 1986 from the University of British Columbia, a master's in chemistry from the University of Hyderabad, in India, and a bachelor's degree from Osmania University, in Hyderabad.
Midwest Award Nominations
The ACS St. Louis section is soliciting nominations for its 2004 Midwest Award. The section established the award in 1944 to publicly recognize outstanding achievements in chemistry made in the Midwest; the prize consists of a medallion and cash honorarium.
Nominees may be from industry, academia, government, or private practice and need not be members of ACS; they should have made meritorious contributions to the advancement of pure or applied chemistry, chemical education, and the profession of chemistry. These contributions must have been made during a period of residence in the geographic area defined by the territories of the local sections that participate in the Midwest Regional Meeting of ACS.
Nominations consist of a nominating letter; two or more seconding letters; a curriculum vitae; a brief biography; documented and objective information regarding the outstanding achievements of the nominee; and, if the nominee is an academician, a list of people who have received advanced degrees under his or her direction.
Submit nine copies of all nomination materials to Jim O'Brien, Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, St. Louis, 8001 Natural Bridge Rd., St. Louis, MO 63121-4499. All materials must be received on or before March 31. Inquiries can be made to email@example.com or (314) 516-5717.
Nominations For Geochemistry Medal
Nominations are sought for the ACS Geochemistry Division Medal. The medal is awarded biennially for outstanding accomplishment in the field. The award consists of a bronze medallion plus $2,000. The medal will be presented at the 229th ACS national meeting, to be held in San Diego, March 1317, 2005.
Letters of nomination and supporting materials should be sent to George W. Luther III, Chair, GEOC Medal Committee, College of Marine Studies, University of Delaware, 700 Pilottown Rd., Lewes, DE 19958; (302) 645-4208, e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.org. The deadline is June 1.
Nominations should include a detailed description of the nominee's outstanding accomplishments; relevant citations; and, at the discretion of the nominator, any other supporting information. Two letters from individuals other than the primary nominator are requested but not required. See more at the division's website: http://membership.acs.org/g/geoc.
Academy Honors Science Contributions
The national academy of sciences (NAS) has selected five chemical scientists among 16 individuals to receive awards honoring their outstanding scientific achievements. The awards will be presented on April 19 at a ceremony in Washington, D.C.
The Alexander Hollaender Award in Biophysics--a prize of $20,000 awarded every three years for excellence in biophysics--goes to Carlos J. Bustamante, Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator and professor, department of physics, University of California, Berkeley. Bustamante was chosen "for his ingenious use of atomic force microscopy and laser tweezers to study the biophysical properties of proteins, DNA, and RNA, one molecule at a time."
The NAS Award in Chemical Sciences--a medal and prize of $15,000 awarded annually for innovative research in the chemical sciences that, in the broadest sense, contributes to a better understanding of the natural sciences and to the benefit of humanity--goes to Robert G. Parr, Wassily Hoeffding Professor of Chemical Physics, department of chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. Parr was chosen "for being a pioneer, leader, and central figure in the development of density functional theory in chemistry and for his deep insights into quantum chemical calculations."
The NAS Award for Initiatives in Research--a prize of $15,000 awarded annually in a field supporting information technology (condensed matter/materials science in 2004) to recognize innovative young scientists and to encourage research likely to lead toward new capabilities for human benefit--goes to Yoel Fink, Thomas B. King Assistant Professor of Materials Science, department of materials science and engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Fink was chosen "for his pioneering contributions and ingenuity in the creative design and development of photonic materials and devices."
The NAS Award in Molecular Biology--a medal and a prize of $25,000 awarded annually for a recent notable discovery in molecular biology by a young scientist--goes to Xiaodong Wang, Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator, George L. MacGregor Distinguished Chair, and professor in the department of biochemistry at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas. He was chosen "for his biochemical studies of apoptosis, which have resolved a molecular pathway leading in and out of the mitochondrion."
The NAS Award for Scientific Reviewing--a prize of $10,000 awarded annually for excellence in scientific reviewing within the past 10 years--goes to Donald G. Truhlar, Institute of Technology Distinguished Professor of Chemistry, Chemical Physics & Scientific Computation; Lloyd H. Reyerson Professor of Chemistry; and director of the Supercomputing Institute at the University of Minnesota, Minneapolis. Truhlar was chosen "for his incisive reviews on transition-state theory, potential energy surfaces, quantum scattering theory, and solvation models, which have informed and enlightened the chemical physics community for a generation."
Nancy B. Jackson, manager of chemical and biological sensing imaging and analysis at Sandia National Laboratories and member of the ACS Board of Directors, will receive a Distinguished Alumni Achievement Award from George Washington University, Washington, D.C., during the school's May commencement ceremony.
Cecilia Sehr, a teacher at Bishop Lynch High School, Dallas, has received the 2004 Werner Schulz Award for Outstanding High School Chemistry Teachers. The award, given by the ACS Dallas-Fort Worth Section, consists of $1,000 and a pair of plaques. Sehr received a bachelor's degree in chemistry from Dominican University, River Forest, Ill., in 1965 and also holds an M.A.T. degree from Harvard University; an M.S. from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, N.Y.; and an Ed.D. from East Texas State University.
Lesley Davenport, professor of chemistry at Brooklyn College of the City University of New York, has received an Outstanding Women Scientists Award from the New York Academy of Sciences. She holds a B.S. in biochemistry from the University of Salford, Greater Manchester, England, and a Ph.D. from the University of Manchester. Her research focuses on the application of fluorescence methods to investigating the structure and dynamics of biological self-assembled systems.
Donald Kelsey, a research chemist at Shell Chemicals, Houston, was named 2003 Texas Inventor of the Year. He won the award for his groundbreaking work in developing polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT) polymers that are used in carpets and textiles. Kelsey's prolific research into PTT has resulted in 11 patents since 1994. The award is presented by the Texas Bar's Intellectual Property Law section.
Robert J. Cousins, Boston Family Professor of Nutrition at the University of Florida, Gainesville, received the 23rd Annual Bristol-Myers Squibb/Mead Johnson Award for Distinguished Achievement in Nutrition Research. He was recognized for his contributions to micronutrient research, in particular to insights into the metabolism and function of zinc in the body and its role in the immune system.
Physical chemist Larry Wagner of Texas Instruments is the first recipient of the National Organization of Gay & Lesbian Scientists & Technical Professionals GLBT Award. This award honors a gay, lesbian, bisexual, or transgender engineer, scientist, or educator who has made outstanding contributions in his or her field, and the award recognizes sustained contributions in design, production, management, education, or research.
Sydney Brenner, Distinguished Research Professor at Salk Institute, La Jolla, Calif.; Sir Philip Cohen, Royal Society Research Professor at the University of Dundee, in Scotland; and Sir Alec Jeffreys, Royal Society Wolfson Research Professor at the University of Leicester, in England, have been honored by the Biochemical Society as honorary members.
- Chemical & Engineering News
- ISSN 0009-2347
- Copyright © American Chemical Society

domain: chemistry