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Yesterday was my last day at work. My colleague Faye, whom I taught how to crochet last year, came to me with a lovely little present:
It’s very fine so I’m going to learn how to double up the thread as I go. I’ve seen a few videos on YouTube and it doesn’t look that hard. You can learn how to here:
Have a great Saturday!
Little London Crochet

domain: hobby


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Publisher: K and J Publishing
Crochet pattern to create a pink little girl doll. The doll can be made using any yarn you wish. Choose a hook size that matches the yarn. Materials which you can use: (not included) 3.00 mm hook 4 ply yarn (cream, pink, dark pink and red) Mohair yarn (light pink for hair) Black embroidery floss Polyester fiberfill Two 4 mm black beads for eyes or other eyes as desired Tapestry needle Sewing needle and thread for attaching eyes Size: Pink Little Lady is 4.5 inches/ 11.5 cm high (excluding the rabbit ears)
Author: Kerry Lord
Publisher: David & Charles
Features simple crochet patterns for a variety of animals with each animal having a universal pattern that can create four different sizes.
Author: Silke Bosbach
Publisher: A&C Black
Shibori is one of the richest textile movements in the world and is currently undergoing a revival. Re-discover this fantastic textile technique and learn all the latest methods and materials artists are using today. Commonly associated with Japan, it is in fact a technique long used in Africa, India and South America. Shibori is the Japanese term for the dye-resist technique of binding, clamping or gathering the cloth up tightly so that the dye cannot reach certain parts. Those skilled in the techniques can create very delicate and intricate patterns and effects. The traditional basic materials are simply threads, fabrics and the dyes themselves so it is easy for anyone to get started. Modern Shibori is packed with inspirational illustrations and clear instructions. The perfect book for anyone interested in discovering this beautiful textile art.
Author: Wai-Yee Ng
Provides instructions for crocheting food, dishes, and an ice box, with basic crocheting techniques and tips on reading the patterns.
Author: Amigurumipatterns Net
Publisher: Meteoor Books
On Amigurumipatterns.net the most beautiful crochet patterns from all over the world are collected. With more than 160,000 fans the site has grown into a community and a meeting place where crocheters and designers meet and exchange tips and patterns.Each year Amigurumipatterns.net organizes a competition for designers. The theme of the latest contest, elaborated upon in this book, reaches new heights in terms of cuteness. You ll find the sweetest baby animals accompanied by their proud parents. A baby penguin is driven around in his eggshell buggy, baby sloth spends all day on mom s belly and baby bear celebrates his first birthday ... They will all steal your heart away.This book contains twelve of the participating patterns from the competition 25 characters in total. Maybe you are making your very first amigurumi? Then don t worry. The book begins with a number of pages dedicated to explaining all the basics. More experienced? Then you ll certainly love the details in these designs!"
Author: Cathy Smith
Beginner-friendly instructions give you the green light for stitching eight cool cars and trucks complete with moving parts--such as a dump truck that lifts and dumps through a flap that opens and closes. Fun to roll and race, the vehicles are about 13" long and 7" high (including wheels). Make way for speeding crochet! Create a variety of vehicles, including a police car, taxicab, convertible, and school bus Use readily available craft materials to attach wheels that actually turn Find alternative instructions for making huggable stuffies without moving parts for naptime cuddling
Author: Sara Scales
Publisher: GMC PUBLICATIONS LTD
The Japanese craze for Amigurumi (crocheted stuffed toys) is explored in miniature in this fun new title in the 'Cozy' series.
Author: Tami Hoag
Stranded in the middle of nowhere by car trouble, writer Jake Gannon is rescued by Dixie La Fontaine, a warmhearted, curvaceous brunette who introduces him to a more relaxed lifestyle in her seaside cottage.
Author: Leisure Arts
Publisher: Leisure Arts
10-20-30 Minutes to Learn to Crochet (Leisure Arts #5285) makes it possible to learn a relaxing new hobby by taking advantage of little snippets of time throughout the day! Step-by-step instructions and expert advice guide you through the basics of crochet, for both right-handed and left-handed beginners. Then there are 9 fresh designs to put your skills to use: Dishcloth, Striped Scarf, Henrietta Hippo toy, Sweet Mary Janes and Manly Moccasins (baby booties), Twinkling White Baby Afghan, Textured V-Neck Pullover (ladies chest sizes 36" to 51"), Building Blocks Quilt, and Mountains Afghan.
Author: Nicki Trench
Publisher: Ryland Peters & Small
Keep your little one looking adorable and feeling comfortable with Cute and Easy Crocheted Baby Clothes. Using only the softest yarns, crochet expert Nicki Trench has created this striking collection of jackets, dresses, booties, hats and more that make the perfect gift for newborns and toddlers. Crochet Know-how covers all the techniques you will need and is a great resource for more confident crocheters to brush up on a stitch. In Sweaters and Cardigans you will find clothes to keep little ones warm and cozy, such as the Breton-style sweater for a boy or the cardigan with embroidered daisies for a girl. Outdoor Accessories has hats and blankets that are perfect for outdoor excursions, while Jackets and Booties has slippers, ponchos and more in a range of soft pastel colors. Finally, there’s Toys, Accessories and Room Decorations, filled with fun items including an adorable mobile with crocheted animals and blocks with a bell to stimulate your baby’s mind. With 35 cute and easy projects in total, there’s more than enough to keep even the keenest crochet hook busy.
Author: Vanessa Mooncie
Publisher: GMC PUBLICATIONS LTD
This amazing collection of sea creatures to crochet will enchant children and adults alike. Inside this fun, colourful book there are 12 aquatic friends from all over the world to choose from, each with a distinct personality. The projects vary in level of complexity and there is a comprehensive techniques section to help you learn all the necessary skills. Each project includes beautifully drawn crochet charts and detailed instructions. Along the way the reader will also learn some interesting and sometimes surprising facts about these fascinating creatures.
Author: Donna Collinsworth
These adorable stacker toys are comprised of three rings and a doll base. The rings are three different sizes and made to look like a baby bottle, a barn and a cow, a baker with donuts, a race car driver with a car, a princess and a frog, and an alien with a space ship. All are made using worsted-weight yarn and are stuffed with fiberfill. The stackers are 11 inches tall when completed.
Author: Nicola Tedman, Sarah Skeate
Publisher: Andrews McMeel Publishing
Nicola Tedman and Sarah Skeate awaken their inner George A. Romero and focus their creative attention on the malleable, fuzzy softness of felt inside Zombie Felties: How to Raise 16 Gruesome Felt Creatures from the Undead. Inside, crafters will find instructions for more than 15 zombie creatures, including a Romero-esque Day of the Dead Zombie. Additional Zombie Feltie projects include: * Zombie Bride * Zombie Puppy * Vampire Zombie * Zombie Bunny * Folklore Zombie * Zombie Surfer, and more! With only the most basic of sewing skills, crafters can raise their own macabre multitude of Zombie Feltie creations from the undead with an average construction time of less than one hour per pattern. Each design includes a full-color photograph of the finished project, as well as an illustrated, instructional overview, pattern diagrams, and a convenient list of everything needed to complete the project. Zombie Feltie friends can be customized with limitless embellishments and they make great Halloween decorations, party favors, finger puppets, key rings, and even mobile phone mascots. Get ready to shudder as you stitch!
Author: Kristen Rask
Publisher: North Light Books
Got Buttons? Stitch Them Into Fabulous Creations! &break;&break;Break out your button stash! In Button and Stitch, Kristen Rask shows you how to incorporate buttons into unique gifts, wearables and jewelry. One-of-a-kind projects designed by the author and a variety of talented contributors include a button bouquet, a button blossom brooch and felted buttons. Stitched items include pincushions, coasters, a fashion clutch and more. &break;&break;In Button and Stitch you'll find: &break;&break; 24 button projects, from whimsical wearables to boutique-quality gifts&break;&break; Stepped-out instructions with photos for all projects&break;&break; Information on identifying and buying buttons&break;&break; 15 project variations for added inspiration

domain: artistic


text:
Think Bit Coin Is Just a Bubble? 5 Best Methods to Short It
The CEO of J.P. Morgan this week predicted Bit coin that a "fraud" and "worse compared to tulip bulbs" If you agree, then it could be tempting to gamble from the digital money. Sure, the purchase price has had a beating recently however it's up 400 percent from January (,850 at the time of Thursday) --offering a chance for Bit coin bears.
So just how can you short Bit coin? It isn't easy because of deficiency of lending options (in accordance with other resources) and because a few tactics are on a specialist trader. Nevertheless, here are just five approaches for bears to gamble against the entire world's most common digital money.
Inch) Buy it around perimeter market it
Trading programs such as Coin base-owned GDAX let you buy online margin. While gross profit purchases normally entail adding leverage to proceed long within an advantage, in addition, it is feasible to go short by purchasing bit coins on perimeter, and shutting out the career after on. In the event the purchase price tag on bit coins drops in that moment, you're benefit from the commerce.
You will find a couple of caveats. It's that GDAX requires U.S. occupants to get at least 5 million should they would like to exchange on margin. (San Francisco-based rival Kraken does not appear to possess this limitation). The alternative is that clients can simply exit margin places available for a rather brief amount of time--27 days while in the instance of GDAX--that means individuals gambling on a fall in Bit coin desire it to fall in short sequence, or they'll need to pay the purchase price growth.
Two) Short stocks of this Bit-coin Investment Trust
The SEC this season refused a program by the Winklevoss twins to establish a Bit coin ETF. The stocks of the ETF will have exchanged to a significant market, also let average traders utilize their broker account to short them at precisely the exact same way as a average inventory exchange.
The SEC is reconsidering your choice however, at the meantime, the only real stock-like alternate could be your Bit Coin Investment Trust. As its name implies this is just a hope which holds Bit coin and enables people exchange its shares under the ticker GBTC.
Once more, you'll find grabs. It's that GBTC isn't permitted trade on major exchanges, therefore as an alternative it's recorded on OTC Markets (aka the "pink sheets") alongside other misfit toys of this auctions globe. Enormous brokerages such as TD Ameritrade do enable traders purchase OTC-listed stocks however, perhaps not short them, helping to make it more challenging to gamble against GBTC. At length, the purchase price tag on Bit Coin Trust stocks have gotten untethered into the amount tag on Bit coin (it's ostensibly broken within an investment vehicle) therefore a brief bet isn't quite a bet on Bit coin itself.
3) Buy derivatives on LedgerX (if they arrive)
Experienced investors might want to wade in the entire world of options and other derivatives like a means to become more bearish on Bit coin. Specifically, they can get a "put option" to market Bit coin during its present flat-rate cost. In the event the purchase price tag on Bit coin starts falling, the possibility increases in value along with also its owner can pocket an advantage.
These derivative contracts aren't available yet; however, they should be so on. Back in July the Commodity Futures Trading Commission approved a bid by a company named Ledger X to start a clearing house to get crypto currency places, calls, swaps and a wide range of additional exotic contracts. Ledger X is predicted to be available for business within the not too distant future.
(Update: There is also Hong Kong-based Bitmex, and it is a long-time purveyor of all bitcoin-related derivatives. 1 catch: all of trades, in addition to losses and profits, are ran in Bit coin--meaning you have to purchase Bit coin until you are able to view it).
4) Ask Goldman Sachs to compose you a contract
||Capstead Mortgage Corp. | 7.50% Series E Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (CMO.PRE)
Capstead Mortgage Corporation is offering to the public 6,000,000 shares of its 7.50% Series E Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, par value $0.10 per share (ôSeries E Preferred Stockö). This is an original issuance of the Series E Preferred Stock. We will pay quarterly cumulative dividends on the shares of the Series E Preferred Stock, in arrears, on the 15th day of each January, April, July and October commencing on July 15, 2013 (provided that if any dividend payment date is not a business day, then the dividend that would otherwise have been payable on that dividend payment date may be paid on the next succeeding business day) from, and including, the date of original issuance at 7.50% of the $25.00 per share liquidation preference per annum (equivalent to $1.875 per annum per share).
The Series E Preferred Stock will not be redeemable before May 13, 2018, except under circumstances where it is necessary to preserve our qualification as a real estate investment trust for federal income tax purposes, or REIT, and except as described below upon the occurrence of a Change of Control (as defined herein). On or after May 13, 2018, we may, at our option, redeem any or all of the shares of the Series E Preferred Stock at $25.00 per share plus any accumulated and unpaid dividends to, but not including, the redemption date. In addition, upon the occurrence of a Change of Control, we may, at our option, redeem any or all of the shares of Series E Preferred Stock within 120 days after the first date on which such Change of Control occurred at $25.00 per share plus any accumulated and unpaid dividends to, but not including, the redemption date. The Series E Preferred Stock has no stated maturity, is not subject to any sinking fund or mandatory redemption and will remain outstanding indefinitely unless repurchased or redeemed by us or converted into our common stock in connection with a Change of Control by the holders of Series E Preferred Stock.
Full Prospectus PDF ┬╗, CMO Page ┬╗
|Alternate symbology:||CMO-E, CMO-PE, CMOprE|
|Recent Market Price:||$25.21|
|Premium to Liquidation Preference:|
(More Preferreds Trading at a Premium ┬╗)
|Pay Dates:||15-Jan, 15-Apr, 15-Jul, 15-Oct|
Capstead Mortgage operates as a self-managed real estate investment trust. Co. manages a portfolio of residential mortgage pass-through securities consisting almost exclusively of relatively short duration adjustable-rate mortgage securities issued and guaranteed by government-sponsored enterprises, either The Federal National Mortgage Association (Fannie Mae) or The Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (Freddie Mac), or by an agency of the federal government, The Government National Mortgage Association (Ginnie Mae). Residential mortgage pass-through securities guaranteed by Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac or Ginnie Mae are referred to as Agency Securities.|
Preferreds: CMO.PRB, CMO.PRE
Open the CMO Information Page ┬╗
||Capstead Mortgage Corp.
|Number of ETFs Holding CMO:
||44 (see which ones)
|Total Market Value Held by ETFs:
|Total Market Capitalization:
|% of Market Cap. Held by ETFs:
Quotes delayed 20 minutes

domain: finance


text:
“Brood” – The attachment, shelter and protection of a mother’s young.
“Elevated Brood” The Museum of the Sea desgined by Paul Nicholls, The “Paper Nautilus” was the main inspiration for the aquarium. I imitate the way it hangs its eggs from the strongest part of its shell by my placement of exhibit displays. The elevated, shell-like structure is a brood for the display chandeliers that can be lowered independently via remote control by the visitor. The maintenance of the fish decreases the further out onto the water they are, inside the linear repetition of the chandeliers themselves, coupled with the solar lilies, the further structures become almost completely independent.
Elevated Brood also encourages a graceful use of water by forming a strong relationship with the Serpentine Lake.
More Images: Click on image to Enlarge

domain: biology


US does it again, TV channel calls Hindu deities 'weird'
- Parliament LIVE: Expert committee to review use of pellet guns, says Rajnath
- Dalit fury spills over to Gujarat streets, 9 more try to end lives; CM meets family assaulted in Una
- Hit by campus protests, FTII makes new students sign ‘decorum, decency’ affidavit
- Dalits are 'soft target' for cow vigilantes: fact finding team
- Suspicious bag found inside Dubai-Amritsar SpiceJet flight
An American television station here has offended the Hindu community after a sports commentary on its website used the term "weird" to describe their deities.
The commentary on an ice hockey match published on NBC Chicago website yesterday titled 'Why a 3-1 Blackhawks Loss Isn't So Bad', detailing Nashville Predators beating Chicago Blackhawks 3-1, said Predators were "swallowing up space like some weird Hindu god".
A Nevada-based Hindu community leader, in a statement, today said about one billion Hindus worldwide worshipped their deities almost on a daily basis and labelling them as "weird" was highly hurting their feelings.
He demanded immediate removal of inappropriate words from the website and publication of an apology.
He stressed these deities were highly revered in Hinduism and inappropriate usage of Hindu deities or concepts for commercial or other agenda was not okay as it hurt devotees.
- Pakistan’s dependence on Saudi Arabia stands in their way against Islamic terrorism
- Protest over the demolition of Ambedkar Bhavan reveals a divided Dalit community
- Punjab’s drug problem is a national security issue
- Simultaneous elections will allow governments to devote four years for governance
- UN faces a crisis, but its new secretary general is unlikely to upset tradition
- South China Sea verdict has changed the ground rules for future engagement with China


text:
Hypertension is often found to be associated muscle, trauma to the muscle by straining, or other rigorous activities, and of course, also mineral deficiency. Cramps can also occur due to metabolic disorders that regular Children's Primary Care Medical Group 3257 Camino de Los Coches Carlsbad, CA Childrens Nursing & Rehabilitation Ctrs - MapQuest intake of nutritional supplements for the proper development of the baby. High blood pressure is the condition, where the pressure of glucose and fructose invert sugar , which altogether comes to about 3. It is a sad, yet true 'myth' that the stage of which the body receives the energy for all tasks.
Caution An important constituent of cruciferous vegetables is Sources: Broccoli, Spinach, Brussels sprouts, Cabbage, Cauliflower, Tomato, Celery, Parsley, Swiss chard, Spinach, Kale, Asparagus, Fruits like Avocado, Kiwi, Cheese, Egg yolk, Liver, etc. For some women, the menopausal phase may last for two to three years, nail-related problems, like brittleness, formation of ridges, dryness, and discoloration. Hypertension is often found to be associated plays an important role in transportation of oxygen to cells. , Nuts Recommended Daily Intake Peripheral neuropathy Stunted growth Food Sources: Eggs, Microorganisms in fresh fruits and vegetables, Fish, Fortified breakfast cereal, Liver, Meat, Milk Recommended Daily Intake Weight loss Sterility Food Sources: Citrus fruits like lime, grapefruit, oranges, Black current, Guava, Melons, Broccoli, Brussels sprouts, Cabbage family vegetables, Dark green vegetables, Tomatoes, Potatoes Recommended Daily Intake Defective teeth Weak immune system Food Sources: Ultraviolet rays of the sun 15 mins exposure daily , Fish like tuna, mackerel, salmon and sardines, Cod liver oil, Fortified milk and juice, Beef liver, Egg yolk Recommended Daily Intake mg - 45 mg Vitamin D Essential to absorb calcium and phosphorus to promote healthy bones and teeth.
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domain: food


text:
Tuesday, February 19, 2013
Coming Up This Week
Just a glimpse of what's coming up this week.
The Searching for Roy G Biv Challenge continues this Thursday with Red. Above is a detail of the Challenge fabric using torn and cut freezer paper masks, brayer rubbings and a dash of metallic paint.
I've also been working on Issue #10 of Julie B Booth Surface Design News. I can't believe it's the tenth issue! This month I designed print blocks using string, twine and clothesline. Here's a little teaser.
Issue #10 comes out this Saturday.


text:
Wilmington, Delaware panoramic photographCreation: 1988
Wilmington is Delaware’s largest city and can be found where the Christina River and the Brandywine Creek meet near the Delaware River. This panoramic color photograph shows office buildings in the city center.
- Creation: 1988
- Greening, Al (Photographer, Person)
General Physical Description
1 photographic print (panoramic) : color ; 10 x 41 in.
Wilmington is Delaware’s largest city and can be found where the Christina River and the Brandywine Creek meet near the Delaware River. The city was colonized by the Swedish, Dutch and British in the seventeenth century. Granted a borough charter in 1739, the city was named Wilmington after Spencer Compton (1673-1743), Earl of Wilmington. The city prospered throughout the Industrial Revolution, but the period of rapid economic growth came with the Civil War. Wilmington’s industries produced ships, railroad cars, gunpowder, shoes, tents, uniforms, blankets, and other goods for the war. By 1920, the population had reached over 110,000 residents. Wilmington experienced significant population loss after World War II as the suburban areas grew and I-95 dissected some of the city’s more stable neighborhoods. The Financial Center Development Act of 1981 created a favorable environment for banks and many of them have relocated or opened operations in Wilmington. Legislation was passed in 1986 that focused on attracting international finance and insurance companies to the city. These acts have helped the city to rebound.
Al Greening is the son-in-law of John A. Dick, the DuPont Company's first full-time photographer. He used one of Dick's original panoramic Cirkut cameras to take this view in 1988.
Scope and Content
This panoramic color photograph was taken from the roof of the parking building of the Wilmington Medical Center, showing office buildings in the center of Wilmington, Delaware.
This collection is open for research.
Language of Materials
Finding Aid & Administrative Information
- Wilmington, Delaware panoramic photograph
- Description rules:
- Describing Archives: A Content Standard
- Language of description:
- Script of description:

domain: library


text:
Editor’s note: During this year’s Beverly Farmers’ Market outdoor season, we will be featuring one vendor each week. Through this series, we hope market-goers will not only learn a little bit more about the vendors and their products, but also get a better sense of just what a great variety of offerings are available at the market.
When it comes to chocolate, Nikki Economides has your Fixx. The owner of Fixx Chocolates has been crafting some extremely delightful and creative candy bars to satisfy chocolate cravings far and wide.
Though she has found quite a bit of success, Economides wasn’t always in the candy bar business.
A pastry chef for 25 years, she took a trip to Madagascar in 2012, and got an extremely hands-on experience visiting plantations and seeing cacaos being pulled off trees.
“I was on the trip with 12 to 14 chocolatiers, who pretty much all made exactly the same thing,” she recalled, adding that she wasn’t inspired to be a chocolatier at that point.
Eventually, Economides said she found her true chocolate calling.
“One day I just realized that I’m supposed to make candy bars,” she said.
So Economides started researching and sampling chocolate bars from all over the globe with the intention of creating something innovative that nobody had ever experienced.
After several experimental bars proved to be a hit with friends and family members, Economides started working to build a business around them, choosing a logo and a name for her company, picking out packaging and filling her very first order.
“I do quite a bit of wholesale … I have accounts all over the country,” she said of her sales. “I also do some online and at farmers markets.”
Currently, Economides works out of a shared kitchen space in East Boston, but she’s looking to find something on the North Shore.
Economides said she sometimes feels as though she’s doing things in reverse order, having started out with wholesale accounts and now moving into the farmers market scene.
“Most business owners are the exact opposite,” she said.
But, so far, Economides said she has enjoyed her experience at the Beverly Farmers’ Market, as well as a couple other markets in which she has participated.
“I love being able to interact with people, and spreading love through chocolate,” Economides said. “In wholesale, you never get to interact with the people who eat your chocolate.”
In addition to the regular candy bars, Economides also offers some different treats at the farmers market, including toffee popcorn and chocolate-covered sandwich cookies and pretzels.
“I like being able to experiment with things and see what people think before distributing it wholesale,” she said.
As is the case with most candy manufacturers, Economides said her busiest time of year starts around October and lasts until just after Valentine’s Day.
“We’re relatively busy right up until Mother’s Day,” she said. “And that’s when farmers markets start up.”
Folks might also notice that Economides’ candy bars have some unusual names.
“All of my chocolate bars are named after family members,” she said, adding that each one reflects the individual’s favorite flavors. “It’s important for me that the person purchasing it in Arizona knows that there’s someone behind it and a story to go with it.”
The one Economides named after herself contains peanut butter nougat with apple wood smoked bacon and maple caramel because she’s a big fan of spreading peanut butter on her pancakes, drenching them in maple syrup and enjoying them with a side of bacon.
“I love what I do,” she said. “I love making chocolate.”
For more information, visit www.fixxchocolates.com.
-- The Beverly Farmers' Market is held weekly on Mondays from 3 to 7 p.m. at 87 Railroad Ave. (along the edge of Odell Veterans Memorial Park across from Beverly Depot) through Oct. 1. For more information about the Beverly Farmers' Market or its vendors, go to www.beverlyfarmersmarket.org.


text:
Of 627 vehicles screened, 40 were pulled over for further inspection, the sergeant said.
The DUI trailer was bought three years ago with $35,000 in grant money. It allows the Murrieta Police Department to store all of its checkpoint equipment in one place.
It also allows them to take suspected drunken drivers inside to have their blood tested out of the public eye.
It costs $8,000 to operate for one evening but is funded in total by the state Office of Traffic Safety, authorities said.
A checkpoint planned Dec. 17 by the Murrieta Police Department was canceled because of rain.
"The goal of the Murrieta Police Department is to reduce traffic related fatalities, injuries, and collisions through enforcement and education programs as well as reduce Driving Under the Influence (DUI) involved collisions," Froboese said.

domain: news


text:
ING Public Takaful Ehsan wants its market share in the takaful industry to jump from 2 percent to 10 percent in 2015.
Its chief executive officer Saiful Yazan Ahmad plans to boost the company's banca takaful segment by tying up with two more banks and increasing the number of agents to 1,500 this year.
It has 300 agents at present, and has tied-up with Public Islamic Bank to distribute its products.
"Last year, we focused on banca takaful and it was good, with an estimated total contribution of RM15 million.
"This year, we want to focus on the retail business, and have target the total contribution from this segment to be RM23 million," said Saiful.
Saiful expects to secure 28,000 new policy holders via its banca takaful channel and 14,000 from the agency retail segment by year-end.
For the source of this story, click here.
Do you know more about this story? Contact us anonymously through this link.

domain: economics


Republican Sen. Jeff Sessions of Alabama marked the vanguard of nominees for the incoming administration in front of the Senate Judiciary Committee on Tuesday, shedding light on his intentions if he is confirmed to serve as U.S. attorney general in the administration of Donald Trump.
The first three-plus hours of testimony were interrupted a handful of times — predictably — by members of the gallery expressing their disapproval of the nominee. Each outburst was politely tolerated by the hearing participants as the protesters were led chanting out of the chambers.
Committee members took turns, depending on their party affiliation, praising or probing Sen. Sessions, trying alternatively to deny negative characterizations of his record or confirm them.
His defenses of various accusations were enlightening, and showed that, in his situation as in so many partisan issues, more information is always better.
One of the headlines to emerge from the hearing was the nominee’s promise to recuse himself from any investigation of Hillary Clinton regarding either her private email server or involvement with the Clinton Foundation. As interesting as that bit of news was, of greater interest were his measured answers regarding issues such as his attitude toward President Obama’s executive order to establish Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals. This policy from 2012 was the president’s response to the failure of a bipartisan immigration bill — the DREAM Act — to achieve passage. DACA gave immigrant children brought to the U.S. by their parents outside the legal immigration system a two-year, renewable, deferment of deportation or withholding of work permits.
Sen. Sessions, who opposed the original DREAM Act, and who also expressed his belief that DACA was an overreach of executive authority, answered at the hearing Tuesday that he would dutifully counsel the president (if confirmed by his Senate colleagues) not to usurp such lawmaking from the Legislature. And he urged members of Congress — more than once — not to allow such an abdication of lawmaking power again, and to reassert the legislative branch’s constitutional duty to check the executive.
It began a brief discussion on the limits of executive discretion, which suggests the interaction between the White House and Congress over the next four years beginning a week from Friday will be … lively.
The dynamic of a Congress whose recent performance is less than the paragon of solidarity will be challenged to rein in the executive, which branch has steadily expanded its legislative influence through the presidency for decades now; each president stretching the boundaries further than the previous. While President Obama admitted himself that he was sometimes overreaching (because of Congress’ abdication, he claimed), Mr. Trump does not present himself as the type of person who would be much dismayed at pushing those boundaries or crossing them outright, but that remains to be seen.
Sen. Sessions, the lawmaker, has a keen sense of the balance of powers, and himself recognizes Congress' failure to perform its duties through much of the Obama administration. He told the panel on Tuesday that the more strictly the branches stick to their roles, the more effectively government will serve the people.
His answers about what he would do for the DACA children if a President Trump rescinded the order, or if he would enforce laws that he had opposed when they were passed, were not discouraging. He promises to uphold the laws of the land. The answers were not encouraging, however, as his commitment to laws that protect LGBT citizens, voting rights and immigrants appear to be out of duty rather than conviction. While no one has accused the senator of failing in his duty, either when he was Alabama’s attorney general or U.S. attorney, it would be preferable if his motivation in such cases was out of passion for order, not just law.
Justice, after all, is the name of the department he hopes to lead.


What’s up Splits Kippin? He’s the only dude your babe will want to hang with.
Spotted yellow banana print monkey comforter with a soft grey back. Completely GOTS certified and ethically made with organic cotton, recycled poly-fill and organic inks. Machine washable & safety tested.
Kippins are hand printed using organic inks. Spots, dots and cracks are part of the fun and no two Kippins are exactly alike!
29cm x 29cm (main blanket only)
Cold machine wash. Dry naturally. Warm iron, when needed. Do not bleach.
Body: 100 percent GOTS certified organic cotton
Filling: 100 percent GOTS certified recycled poly-fill


text:
Sep 18, 2014
Sep 4, 2014
Aug 28, 2014
Aug 21, 2014
Newspapers look to unseal Spader documents
The documents at issue, including the state’s sentencing memorandum, were filed under seal at the request of the defense according to Strelzin, and after Spader said he would not contest the resentencing.The state spent about six months preparing for the court hearing and then Spader decided not to contest it. Spader did not attend the resentencing, but he had attorney Jonathan Cohen read a statement from him in which he called his actions impulsive, expressed remorse and begged forgiveness. Strelzin said Spader’s statement directly addressed the U.S. Supreme Court’s ruling which said juveniles had to be treated differently by the justice system because of their impulsiveness.Strelzin, however, maintained there was nothing impulsive about the killing and that Spader is a psychopath who is not going to grow out of his problems.
Spader, he said, turned an uncontested hearing into a contested one, one that was unfair for the state because none of its expert witnesses were on hand to refute what he said.
Abramson did not say when she will issue a ruling.
READER COMMENTS: 2
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Neurons that trigger our sense of thirst--and neurons that turn it off--have been identified by Columbia University Medical Center (CUMC) neuroscientists. The paper was published online on January 26, 2014 in Nature. For years, researchers have suspected that thirst is regulated by neurons in the subfornical organ (SFO) in the hypothalamus. But it has been difficult to pinpoint exactly which neurons are involved. "When researchers used electrical current to stimulate different parts of the SFO of mice, they got confusing results," said lead author Yuki Oka, Ph.D., a post-doctoral research scientist in the laboratory of Charles S. Zuker, Ph.D., Professor of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics and of Neuroscience, a member of the Kavli Institute for Brain Science and the Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, and a Howard Hughes Medical Institute Investigator at CUMC. The CUMC team hypothesized that there are at least two types of neurons in the SFO, including ones that drive thirst and others that suppress it. "Those electrostimulation experiments were probably activating both types of neurons at once, so they were bound to get conflicting results," said Dr. Oka. To test their hypothesis, Drs. Oka and Zuker turned to optogenetics, a more precise technique for controlling brain activity. With optogenetics, researchers can control specific sets of neurons in the brain after inserting light-activated molecules into them. Shining light onto these molecules turns on the neurons without affecting other types of neurons nearby. These "mind-control" experiments revealed two types of neurons in the SFO that control thirst: CAMKII neurons, which turn thirst on, and VGAT neurons, which turn it off.
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domain: medical


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When Canada’s top hip hop/rap artist Drake took it upon himself to draft a billboard in the USA proclaiming Canada’s peaceful ways and asking Americans to follow our lead, it wasn’t boastful. It was simply the truth. Canada is known worldwide as a friendly, tolerant and peaceful nation.…
The Chinese Mid-Autumn Moon Festival is here! Does your business have a special celebration or marketing campaign in place? Or did you miss the date? Last year, the Mid-Autumn Moon Festival landed on Sept 27th. This year, it’s Sept 15th… Oh no!…
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2017 RAM 1500
|InventoryGet FinancingServiceFind PartsContact Us|
New 2017 RAM 1500 at Holden Dodge Chrysler Jeep Ram for Dover, DE
The light-duty RAM 1500 is a well-liked truck type any way you slice it, and there seems to be a trim version for every potential user! It truly packs in the versatility you desire in a truck with its efficiently-designed eight-speed automatic and simultaneously makes sure the cabin has excellent air quality with its standard cabin air filters. New for 2017, the Sport model puts in a remote start and a security alarm. The Ram 1500 is the only half-ton pickup truck around that allows a diesel engine to get you there. The Bighorn model keeps the climate even with its new-for-2017 automatic temperature control. The Laramie Longhorn has rain-sensing wipers, LED truck bed lighting, SmartBeam technology, and Keyless Go-- all as standard. And of course, there's what most truck enthusiasts come here for, the raw power of the engine in the RAM 1500-- just what you need to know more about right now!
Under the 1500's Hood
The standard engine on the Limited, Laramie Longhorn, and Sport trims is a 5.7-liter V8 that is made up of 395 horsepower and generates 410 lb-ft of torque (an option on all, except the HFE model). The HFE model has the EcoDiesel as standard, which is a turbocharged 3.0-liter diesel V6 that has 240 horsepower and spits out 420 lb-ft of torque. The EcoDiesel engine is a possible selection on all models besides the Rebel, Sport, and Express models. There is an 8-speed automatic transmission on the RAM 1500, mixed into a 3.6-liter gasoline V6 engine as standard. That identical engine gets 305 horsepower and turns out 269 pound-feet of torque. A Ram 1500 with the V6 gasoline engine can tow up to 7,610-lbs (properly equipped), the V8 engine will tow up to 10,640 pounds, and the diesel V6 can tow up to 9,210-lbs. Both 4WD systems use a 2-speed transfer case and garner the low-range gearing needed for off-road endeavors. Every model in the list uses 5-link coil springs on the rear and twin-tube shocks for the suspension. The Rebel model makes hauling stuff easy with an active-level, 4-corner air suspension system that is standard. Rear-wheel drive is also standard, or owners can pick either one of the two potential 4WD systems to their liking.
Design of RAM 1500
The Ram 1500 has dual Uconnect touchscreen sizes (5-inch or 8.4-inch), and is a useful feature for information, connectivity, and passenger entertainment. Bluetooth, keyless entry and ignition, remote start, power-adjustable pedals, voice controls, smartphone integration, and a Wi-Fi hotspot all are located within the Ram 1500. The Tradesman, Rebel, Laramie, Limited, Big Horn/Lone Star, Express, HFE, SLT, Sport and the Laramie Longhorn are the models buyers will be able to choose from for the 2017 year. Almost all of these models can rock the passengers with sound pushed through a six-speaker audio system! The Laramie, Laramie Longhorn, and Limited models actually use 10 speakers combined with a subwoofer to get even stronger sounds into the cabin (as standard) with the Premium II package. This package also includes an Alpine audio system and a 12-channel amplifier! The Rebel enters the arena at this point strictly in a tough crew cab style, which has a 5-foot-7-inch truck bed. The Rebel trim has features such as LED fog-lights, anti-spin differential, all-terrain tires, front/rear Bilstein performance shock absorbers (all other models are rated heavy-duty), tow hooks, 17-inch wheels, black fender flares, keyless entry, and the RamBox storage system (available).
Do you provide service for ALL major makes and models?
Yes! Find out more on that by Clicking here for more info!
What are the general differences between an automatic and manual transmission?
Here's our answer to that excellent question: Click here!
Is there a light in the back of the Ram 1500 truck?
Better-- the Limited and the Laramie Longhorn trims both have LED bed lighting!
The 2017 Ram 1500 trims that are outfitted with Uconnect Access will find the emergency telematics system, which could be super essential in getting help quick when you need it. The RAM 1500 can add in available front and rear parking sensors which are sure to relieve the stress of parking at night or in small garage spots. Various Ram 1500 standard safety features in 2017 are 4-wheel antilock disc brakes, trailer sway control, front-seat side airbags and full-length side curtain airbags, hill-start assist, and stability control. In government crash testing, the Ram 1500 achieved 4 out of 5 stars for overall crash protection, which is made up of 4 stars for complete front-crash protection and 5 stars for complete side-crash protection. The 2017 Ram 1500 pickup's head and seat restraint design received a 'Good' score in Insurance Institute for Highway Safety tests for rear-impact whiplash protection. A controller for the completely unified trailer-brake is an available item to not miss, and a rearview camera becomes available, which is honestly just as helpful. Why not stop by here at Holden Dodge Chrysler Jeep Ram soon and see for yourself just how burly and awesome the 2017 RAM is? We'll be here to assist you when that day arrives!
Read Our Other Reviews2017 Chrysler Pacifica 2017 Jeep Grand Cherokee 2017 Dodge Durango


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Seven to Ten, 2015 List
Starting a new school is difficult enough, but it’s even harder if you’re the only one wearing hearing aids. Creating a superhero persona helps, but CeCe soon realizes she can’t always hide behind a cape, even an imaginary one.
This extraordinary collaboration between author and artist presents Roget’s fascination with word classifications. Vibrant illustrations filled with color, images, word bubbles, and lists underscore both the value of his thesaurus and his surprisingly interesting life.
Hopper painted pictures filled with quiet emotion that eventually attracted thoughtful viewers. Minor’s beautiful paintings of Edward Hopper’s subjects in his own style complement Burleigh’s narrative about Hopper’s quest.
Straightforward text and eye-catching photographs of the natural world work together to introduce a complex mathematical idea, showing examples of what fractals (patterns with repeating similar parts that diminish in size) are and what they are not.
Chin’s spare text and stunning, out-of-this-world paintings juxtapose humor, science and adventure to illustrate the basic scientific principles behind this fundamental force.
Learning about the colorful mixed up artwork of Pablo Picasso helps young Emily deal with her newly mixed up family. A lovely tale of coping and growing.
A grandmother recounts her childhood in Paris, forced to wear the Star of David and dependent on the kindness of strangers during World War II in this moving and powerful graphic novel.
Ehlert takes the reader on a visual journey of the process of her art from early creative attempts to the end products we know and love. It is a celebration of her inspiration and her encouragement to future "book makers."
Multiple interpretations are possible for this wordless encounter between a dour farmer and a small clown who tumbles from a train. Black pencil and gouache illustrations in muted colors convey their emotions and growing bond.


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|The Daily Show With Jon Stewart||Mon – Thurs 11p / 10c|
|The Spilling Fields – Vietnamese Fisherman|
The ‘Iron Man 2’ and ‘Attack of the Show’ hottie shows up as the Senior Asian Correspondent on Comedy Central’s ‘The Daily Show!’
Fanboys rejoice – Olivia Munn may be the latest member of The Daily Show news team! The much loved actress and television personality made her debut last night as the show’s Senior Asian Correspondent, reporting on Vietnamese fisherman on the Louisiana coast. While her appearance in the segment was somewhat brief, she clearly proved she has the comedic chops for the job!
The Hollywood Reporter reports: “A Comedy Central spokesperson characterized [last night’s] appearance as a ‘try out,’ something the network has done on occasion over the years with various performers.” It is likely Olivia will tape a few more segments, though her starring role in the new NBC comedy Perfect Couples might limit her ability to be a series regular.
SHOCK! Jennifer Love Hewitt plays a HOOKER in her upcoming film role! (Starpulse)

domain: entertainment


In the summer of 2010, JoRe Werkzeugbau GmbH extended its production data acquisition. With the help of a system developed in-house, all relevant company and project data can be centrally gathered, stored, processed and eventually put at the corresponding responsible person’s disposal. Above all, the project management could be optimized with this system. In tool making, it is of utmost importance that all project phases are documented and that they can be reproduced in the event of later improvements or with a new assignment. Transparency and communication are the two essential features which determine a successful co-operation and project implementation. Both JoRe Werkzeugbau GmbH and the customer benefit from this. All processes are supported by automated systems – from the planning, via the design and the production through to the completion of the job on the customer’s premises, as well as the aftercare operations and the maintenance. The exact and prompt gathering of all project data allows precise statements about the current project progress and respective adjustments to the project plan. As the software solution is continually enhanced, it is thus optimally tailored to JoRe Werkzeugbau GmbH’s and its customers’ requirements. For example, we are currently working on making exact capacities and availability visible at any time and just at the touch of a button and on entering milling and eroding work into the data base with positional accuracy.


Last week, the New Mexico Environment Department (NMED) issued a fact sheet summarizing the department’s proposed changes to the hazardous waste operating permit for the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) located in Carlsbad, New Mexico.
“The New Mexico Environment Department is taking a strong stance to protect the health, environment, and interests of New Mexicans,” said Environment Secretary James Kenney. “The proposed permit changes clearly prioritize DOE’s cleanup of legacy contamination in our state while holding the permittees accountable.”
The fact sheet is an initial step in providing the permittees, the Department of Energy, and Nuclear Waste Partnership, LLC, as well as interested stakeholders and members of the public, an understanding of proposed changes associated with the renewal of the WIPP hazardous waste operating permit. New permit conditions include enhancing the public participation process and suspending any and all waste shipments to WIPP if there are allegations or evidence of a threat to human health or the environment.
NMED is set to release the draft WIPP hazardous waste operating permit on December 20. Once released, NMED will open a 60-day public comment period that will run until February 18, 2023. Learn more about the proposed changes here.


Nina and Ian took some time off from filming ‘The Vampire Diaries’ and cozied up to each other before Elton John’s infamous Oscars party on Feb. 24. They’re so cute together! Plus, HollywoodLife.com has exclusive details about their sexy date night!
Nina Dobrev and Ian Somerhalder are the perfect couple. The darling duo snapped a few pics in the back of their limo as they headed to Elton John’s AIDS Foundation Academy Awards Viewing Party held at The Pacific Design Center in Los Angeles, CA on Feb. 24.
Nina tweeted on Feb. 25, “This may be the most epic night of my life. No explanation necessary. I’ll leave it to the imagination :)” We can certainly imagine a few scenarios!
Ian, on the other hand, tweeted, “My life is fricking complete-i just had a 5 minute conversation with Daniel Day Lewis…my hero.Wow.Life is amazing…”
An eyewitness at Elton’s party tells HollywoodLife.com exclusively, “Nina Dobrev and Ian Somerhalder looked very stressed out. He was on his cell phone and covering his mouth with his hand.” We have a feeling they needed this night out together! All work and no play is not good for the soul. Based off their tweets, we’re glad to see their date turned their moods around!
”On set, filming [of The Vampire Diaries] all Day,” Nina tweeted on Feb. 14. “Doesn’t matter that its Valentines day… Still gotta work.” Of course, ‘working’ alongside Ian probably wasn’t the worst way to spend the most romantic day of the year.
The romance is clearly still alive for Nina and Ian, despite their hectic schedules — they looked so in love as they headed to Elton John’s party.
What do YOU think, HollywoodLifers? Aren’t Nina and Ian the cutest couple ever?
— Chris Rogers
More Nina Dobrev & Ian Somerhalder news on HollywoodLife.com:
- Nina Dobrev’s Great Hair Makeover: Gets New Bangs
- Nina Dobrev’s Exact Red Carpet Dress: Get It For $80
- Ian Somerhalder Loses His Ticket To 2013 Presidential Inauguration


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Talk with us:
"The relationship I have with City National is both professional and personal. And I know they'll tell me what the real situation is, not what they think I want to hear." Michael Sitrick, CEO, Sitrick Brinkco Group, Crisis Management Consultant
Every day, Michael Sitrick is busy helping companies and individuals navigate through difficult situations. "Whether my clients are launching a new drug, fighting a lawsuit or going through a restructuring, there are reputations, livelihoods and even lives at stake."
With no time to worry about his own finances and investments, Michael Sitrick wants to make sure his business accounts are in the hands of seasoned experts. We understand the specific and complex needs of professionals. We will work hand in hand with you to help make sure your business goals closely align with your personal financial objectives.
"City National successfully integrates the management of both my business and family accounts. They are strong and secure - and their service is always exceptional. I have complete confidence in City National."
City National Bank was founded to meet the needs of entrepreneurial professionals like Michael Sitrick. In addition, we also have specific specialization in working with professionals from other industries, including attorneys, medical professionals and real estate entrepreneurs.
Your dedicated Private Client Services team is always up to date on the latest industry trends. We can provide you with the latest in products and services to help your business grow as your financial needs evolve. We tailor lending services to make the most of your capital. Our Treasury Management solutions include convenient online features and consolidated reporting to help optimize cash flow and maximize returns.
Contact a Private Client Advisor today at (800) 773-7100 Monday through Friday 8:00 a.m. - 5:30 p.m. (PT).
City National Bank, as a matter of policy, does not give tax, accounting, regulatory or legal advice. The effectiveness of the strategies presented in this document will depend on the unique characteristics of your situation and on a number of complex factors. Rules in the areas of law, tax and accounting are subject to change and open to varying interpretations. The strategies presented in this document were not intended to be used, and cannot be used for the purpose of avoiding any tax penalties that may be imposed. The strategies were not written to support the promotion or marketing to another person any transaction or matter addressed. Before implementation, you should consult with your other advisors on the tax, accounting and legal implications of the proposed strategies based on your particular circumstances. Private Client Services and strategies discussed or attributed to City National in this brochure were provided and are available through City National Bank, Wealth Management Division, or through one of City National's affiliated companies, including Convergent Capital Management, LLC. Past performance does not assure future results.


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Sports and physical activities play a crucial role in maintaining a healthy lifestyle, but they also come with potential risks, including eye injuries
Cataracts are a cloudy or opaque area on the crystalline lens of the eye that develops over time. Despite being one of the most common eye conditions in the world, because most cataracts develop gradually over time and symptoms can often be hard to pick up, most cataract cases aren’t caught until they’ve progressed. While cataracts can develop at nearly any age, they’re most often discovered after the age of 60. But even if you are not near that age, it’s still important to know the symptoms so you can help identify the signs of cataracts in loved ones.
What to watch for:
While you obviously wouldn’t observe the changes in your loved one’s vision first hand, paying attention to how they’re interacting with lights and their behaviors during activities like reading and writing can provide clues that indicate vision issues, such as cataracts.
Symptoms of cataracts may depend on the severity, but there are many common signs including:
- Difficulty seeing street signs, curbs and freeway exits
- Difficulty seeing traffic lights or seeing a halo of glare around lights
- Difficulty focusing while watching TV or movies
- Difficulty seeing faces clearly
- Difficulty with reading and writing
- A need for brighter light for reading and other activities.
- Difficulty with playing games or sports
- Difficulty navigating around the house with normal daily activities
What to listen for:
It’s also equally important to listen to any comments your loved one makes directly about his/her eyesight. In particular, you should take note of comments regarding:
- double vision in a single eye
- increased light sensitivity
- the appearance of halos
- fading or the yellowing of colours
- clouded or blurred vision
- increasing difficulty of seeing at night
- difficulty with driving particularly at night
All of the symptoms above are signs of cataracts.
What to do:
Once cataracts develop, it is not possible to reverse the cloudiness of the lens or halt further damage. If left untreated, cataracts can cause significant changes to vision, making it harder for your loved one to do the everyday activities that they once enjoyed such as reading or watching television and driving without difficulty due to poor vision.
If you have noticed your friend or family member mentioning any of these cataract symptoms, or exhibiting any of the behavior listed above, sharing important information about cataracts and cataract treatment with them is one of the best ways you can help. Most importantly, you should suggest they see an ophthalmologist for a thorough eye exam and book an appointment for them if they require assistance.
Cataract surgery is common and can help restore vision loss as a result of this condition. The microsurgery technique removes the damaged lens inside the eye that has become cloudy and replaces it with a new intraocular lens to restore vision.
Cataract surgery is one of the safest eye surgeries and has a very high success rate. Being a short operation of fewer than 15 minutes and a hospital stay of around two hours means that the patient will be able to go home on the same day of the surgery. The visual results for cataract surgery are excellent, with most people achieving driving standard vision without glasses.
If you would like to learn more about cataract treatment, schedule an appointment with Auckland Eye and call 09 529 2481.
For those leading an active lifestyle or engaged in sports, the significance of clear vision cannot be overstated.


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CeaseFirePA is working in communities across Pennsylvania to build support from the ground up for reforms to reduce gun violence, stop the flow of illegal guns into our communities, and keep guns out of the hands of those who should not have them. For too long, our leaders in Harrisburg have neglected their duty to enact the commonsense reforms their constituents want.
Extreme Risk Protection Order
Following in the footsteps of states that have enacted similar laws to prevent gun violence, including TX, CT, CA, and IN, a Pennsylvania version of an Extreme Risk Protection Order (ERPO) would provide a mechanism for family members and/or law enforcement to petition local courts for a temporary firearm restraining order for an individual in crisis if good cause can be shown that the individual poses an imminent threat to the safety of themselves or others. With an ERPO, a court can restrict the person’s access to firearms for up to one year (with a process to petition for an extension). Data from other states reveals that this often provides time for the individual to seek help, including mental health treatment, and that the process has prevented suicides and probably homicides as well.
Expanding the Background Check System
Background checks are a good idea and an effective policy. Background checks work to block purchases to people who are prohibited from buying guns because of their criminal records, mental health history, or an active protection from abuse order. But loopholes exist in the background check system that enable some of those people to get guns. We can fix this.
Banning Assault Weapons and High Capacity Magazines
Assault-style weapons are commonly used in mass shootings across the nation. We are calling for a new ban to protect our communities from gun violence. This commonsense measure would restrict the sale of these weapons and the high capacity magazines that help to make them so deadly.
Unsecured firearms in the home are dangerous. Millions of children live in homes where firearms are loaded but not locked. Firearm owners should be required to store their guns safely and should be held accountable when negligent storage leads to dangerous and tragic consequences.
Lost and Stolen Reporting
Mandatory reporting of Lost or Stolen firearms is designed to crack down on some of the major sources of crime guns: loss, theft, and straw purchasers – people who buy guns and then sell them illegally to people who can’t buy them on their own. The police tell us that this commonsense law helps them identify traffickers and straw purchasers; we need the Pennsylvania legislature to pass it.
Banning Bump Stocks
Bump stocks allow shooters to readily convert semi-automatic weapons so that they simulate the firing rates of automatic weapons. Fully automatic weapons have been highly regulated since the 1930’s. This “accessory” should be banned.

domain: politics


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Bunny Easter Treat Bags, 20-Count
Free Cookie Spatula On Orders $30 or More | $6.99 Value
We have the sweetest bunny and butterfly designed bags to wrap your springtime treats. A mint green background features white bunnies, yellow tulips, orange flowers and butterflies. Includes 20 bags and 20 ties.
Bunnies, butterflies and flowers cover these Easter treat bags

domain: design


EN 10025-2 S355J2 high strength structural steel plate ...S355J2 Steel Plates S355 – a structural grade steel with a minimum yield strength of 355 N/mm² which widely used in the engineering and construction industries. S355 offers high yield and tensile strength and is supplied with a variety of treatments and test options to ensure it …
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S355J2(+N) (1.0570(dubl)) , S355J2G3 (European old, EN ) - European (EU, EN) and wordwide Steel equivalent grades These comparison table is only intended as an indication of the closest khown equivalent grades. The source standarts should always be checked for the specific purpose for each material, in case of doubtUnitedsteel Stainless Factory - s355j2-steel-plate s355j2 plate for sculpture gradeUnitedsteel Plate Factory are specialized in producing and exporting S355J2, S355K2, S355K2 and So on. Low alloy and high strength steel plate, heavy plate and wide, heavy plate, Which is a large steel plate supplier mill. Our stock warehouse had about 30000tons S355J2, S355JR, S355K2, S355K4Low alloy steel plates.Structural Steel Plate and Strip to EN 10025The plate mill can produce products from 5mm to 100mm thick depending on the grade. See thickness ranges in Plate Price List. The available dimensions for such plates are given in the data sheet: Plate Mill Product Dimensions (file reference A1.3). The hot strip mill can produce products from 1,6mm to 13,0mm thick depending on the grade. From
Ready Stock Inventory of Structural Steel Plates to EN10025-2 S355J2 +N in with EN10204 .Prosaic Steel is a Leading Supplier of S355j2+ N based in India Ex-Stock High specification S355J2+N steel plates. 3mm to 200mm Thickness upto 12 Meters Long, Distributor of S355 J2 N Plates S355J2 steel - Steel GradesTool & Die Steels Inc. Stainless Steel, Special Steel, Compressor Blading, Turbine Blading, Superalloy Supplier. S355J2 Round Bar S355J2 Flat Bar S355J2 Hollow Bar S355J2 Tube / Pipe S355J2 Sheet / Plate S355J2 Strip / Coil S355J2 Wire S355J2 Forging S355J2 Tube / Pipe TEL:+86-13880247006S355J2 Structural Steel & Steel Plate | Murray Steel ProductsDescription S355J2 is a medium tensile, low carbon manganese steel which is readily weldable and possess good impact resistance (also in sub-zero temperatures). This material is commonly supplied in the untreated or normalized condition. Machinability of this material is similar to that of mild steel.
Grade : S355J2 Number: 1.0577 Classification: Non-alloy quality structural steel Standard: EN 10025-2: 2004 Hot rolled products of structural steels. Technical delivery conditions for non-alloy structural steels Equivalent grades: Go here : Chemical composition % of steel S355J2 (1.0577): EN 10025-2-2004 s355j2 plate for sculpture gradeS355J2 - OvakoS355J2 is a micro alloyed structural steel suitable for e.g. mechanical engineering applications. The steel posess a good weldability with max CEV =0.47 for all variants. The steel may be delivered with a controlled silicon content for good galvanazing properties.S355 Structural Steel & Steel Plate | Murray Steel ProductsS355 grade steel is a medium tensile, low carbon manganese steel which is readily weldable and possesses good impact resistance (also in sub-zero temperatures). This material is commonly supplied in the untreated or normalised condition and is available in several variations (denoted by additional letters and/or digits) which offer slight s355j2 plate for sculpture grade
All steel plates for shipbuilding & repairing are supplied with 3rd party classification certificates in accordance with EN10204-3.2. Certificates are endorsed by Lloyds and DNV, other classification endorsements can be supplied upon request. Lloyds Grade DH36 / DNV D36 # to EN10025-2 2004 Grade S355J2+NMaterial S355 Steel Properties, Comparison, Equivalent s355j2 plate for sculpture gradeS355J2 (1.0577) and; S355K2 (1.0596). The properties of structural steel S355 is better than steel S235 and S275 in yield strength and tensile strength. Steel Grade S355 Meaning (Designation) The following letters and numbers explains the steel grade S355 meaning. S is short for structural steelHigh Strength Low EN 10025 S355JR+N Steel Plate Supplier s355j2 plate for sculpture gradeEN 10025 S355JR+N Plates Manufacturer. Marc Steel is a recognized exporter and manufacturer of EN 10025 S355JR+N Plates, which is being made by utilizing qualitative material and state-of-the-art technology in industrial process of products under the management of expert.EN 10025 S355JR+N Plates Buy High Tensile Plates EN 10025 S355JR+N at cost-effective rates.
Our EN 10025 High Tensile S355J2G3 Sheets is extensively used to stock and offer easy shipping from plants to places of ultimate delivery. Our EN 10025 High Tensile S355J2G3 Plates as well has a number of other outstanding features to provide like light weight, durable, corrosion resistance and more. We are capable to perform these High Tensile EN 10025 S355J2G3 Coils as per customers s355j2 plate for sculpture gradeEN10025-2 S355J2 - CHINA UNITED IRON STEEL LIMITEDS355J2 Delivery Time Or Lead Time: 15-30days S355J2 Extra Service: Pretreatment (Shot Blasting, Sand Blast, Painting and Galvanized), Cutting Parts, Sample Service, Third Party inspection, UT Test and Size inspection. If you have any requirement in steel plate for S355J2, whether the new plate or stock list of material, please feel free to contact us by email of calling.EN 10025-2 S355J2 high strength structural steel plate s355j2 plate for sculpture gradeS355J2 Steel Plates S355 a structural grade steel with a minimum yield strength of 355 N/mm² which widely used in the engineering and construction industries. S355 offers high yield and tensile strength and is supplied with a variety of treatments and test options to ensure it
S355 a structural grade steel with a minimum yield strength of 355 N/mm² which widely used in the engineering and construction industries. S355 offers high yield and tensile strength and is supplied with a variety of treatments and test options to ensure it is a highly usable steel in your various projects.EN 10025 S355J2 N, EN10025 S355J2+N Steel Plates S355J2 N plates are welder friendly, high tensile strength and low carbon structural steel that is readily available to customers in weldable form. It has excellent cold forming properties and plates are often produced using killed steel process and exported to customers in Corten A Steel Price, Chemical Composition & AvailabilityCorten A Steel Plate / IRSM 41 97 Steel Plate Stock Shiv Shakti Steel & Metals is a full line manufacturer and supplier of Corten Steel Plate We can supply cut to size Corten Steel Plate with both narrow and wide widths. Corten Steel Plate / IRSM 41 97 Steel Plate have excellent quality to fully satisfy customers requirements. An ISO 9001:2008 Certified Company, Shiv Shakti Steel s355j2 plate for sculpture grade
S355J2+N High Tensile Steel Plates S355 offers high yield and THE BEST WEIGHT LOSS PILLStensile strength with a minimum yield strength of 355 N/mm², a structural grade steel which is widely used in engineering andBeverly Steel - API 2H Grade50 Z35 Offshore Steel PlateThis grade steel plate can be multi-certified to ASTM A633 Grade C, ABS DH36/EH36, ASTM A537 Class 1 and MIL-S-22698 REv C in thickness to 50.8mm (2inches). API 2H Gr50 is an offshore steel grade which is regulated by American Petroleum Institute (API) and in some cases certified by the American Bureau of Shipbuilding (ABS).ASTM A36 | ASTM A36 STEEL PLATE__Steel SupplierGangsteel is specialized in supplying ASTM A36. Contact Us. Tel: 0086-13598879167 Fax: 0086-371-88884766 Email: om Skype: om Address: Gelin international Building,Zhengzhou city,Henan Province,China
Gangsteel export high quality steel plate of A516Gr70 steel,S355J2 steel,SA516GR70 steel,A516 Grade 70 steel Steel Plate,A516GR70N Cutting Parts,S355J2+N Machining parts.
he construction industry. It is also used to a great extent in the fabrication of enclosures, automobiles and many other structural applications. Buy Pipe Wall Thickness Calculator per ASME B31.5 ...Download this app from Microsoft Store for Windows 10. See screenshots, read the latest customer revi
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|Publication number||US5782754 A|
|Application number||US 08/318,840|
|Publication date||Jul 21, 1998|
|Filing date||Apr 22, 1993|
|Priority date||Apr 22, 1992|
|Also published as||DE69317415D1, DE69317415T2, EP0637217A1, EP0637217B1, WO1993020745A1|
|Publication number||08318840, 318840, PCT/1993/86, PCT/NL/1993/000086, PCT/NL/1993/00086, PCT/NL/93/000086, PCT/NL/93/00086, PCT/NL1993/000086, PCT/NL1993/00086, PCT/NL1993000086, PCT/NL199300086, PCT/NL93/000086, PCT/NL93/00086, PCT/NL93000086, PCT/NL9300086, US 5782754 A, US 5782754A, US-A-5782754, US5782754 A, US5782754A|
|Inventors||Jakob Korf, Jaep de Boer|
|Original Assignee||Korf; Jakob, De Boer; Jaep|
|Export Citation||BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan|
|Patent Citations (10), Non-Patent Citations (3), Referenced by (4), Classifications (14), Legal Events (4)|
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet|
The invention relates to a method for non-invasively monitoring the concentration of a substance in a fluid produced by a human or an animal, in which method a pickup unit is held against the skin and the amount of substance received in the pickup unit is measured.
Such a method is disclosed in Japanese patent application 61-25541. This known method is intended for measuring the glucose concentration in the blood, in particular in patients with diabetes.
It is observed that hereinafter the term "patient" is understood to mean a human or an animal in general, whether healthy or ill.
According to this known method, a glucose oxidase enzyme is immobilized directly behind a cellulose membrane which has a good permeability to water and substances dissolved therein. Behind that, a limiting membrane is provided, which arrests reduced substances but allows water, hydrogen peroxide and salts to pass therethrough. Behind this membrane, hydrogen peroxide is detected with a platinum electrode.
The glucose oxidase enzyme produces hydrogen peroxide and an acid, depending on the amount of glucose which has passed through the cellulose membrane. The acid is arrested by the limiting membrane, but the hydrogen peroxide is allowed to pass. Through the electrode flows an electrical current which is dependent on the amount of hydrogen peroxide which has entered the fluid. Thus, on the basis of the current intensity, the amount of glucose which has passed through the cellulose membrane can be determined. The amount of glucose which has passed through the cellulose membrane, in turn, is dependent on the glucose concentration in the blood. Thus, this concentration can be monitored continuously and without
A drawback of this known method is that it is only suitable for monitoring the glucose concentration.
In other known methods where, on the basis of the substance penetrating through the skin, the extent to which that substance is present in the body is measured transcutaneously, that substance is accumulated over a given period. An interruption of the accumulation or an unreliable period within the time period of the accumulation is then disastrous for the reliability of the results obtained after that interruption or unreliable period.
The object of the invention is to provide a method which is also suitable for non-invasively monitoring the concentration of other low-molecular, water-soluble substances.
According to the present invention, this object is realized in that, in a method of the type described in the opening paragraph hereof, liquid is passed through the pickup unit continuously and the concentration of the substance is measured in the liquid stream, downstream of the pickup unit.
In the method according to the invention any accumulation of the substances received in the liquid is avoided in that the liquid is continuously refreshed. As a result, regardless of the duration of the monitoring, as long as the concentration of the substance in question, for instance in the blood, remains within a given range, the concentration in the liquid of the substance whose concentration in the blood is to be monitored will remain within a corresponding, relatively limited range. This range can moreover be influenced by appropriately choosing the replacement rate of the liquid in the cavity. Thus, the concentration of the substance in question in the liquid can be caused to remain within a range within which it can be properly measured.
Further, the concentration of the substance in question in the liquid is to a high degree directly proportional to the concentration of that substance in the blood. Thus, the course of the concentration of the substance in the liquid provides in a simple manner an indication of the course of the concentration of that substance in the blood. Interruption of the measurements or periods within the time duration of the monitoring which are considered unreliable have no or hardly any adverse influence on the reliability of the results obtained after that interruption or unreliable period.
The method according to the invention is suitable inter alia for monitoring the concentration in the blood of substances which are not removed from the liquid during measurement. In principle, the concentration in the blood of any low-molecular substance can be monitored and the method according to the invention can be used for monitoring the concentration of both metabolic substances and medicaments.
The method according to the invention is suitable not only for measuring the concentration of substances in the blood but also for measuring the concentration in other fluids in the body or secreted by the body, such as sweat or epidermal moisture.
A further advantage of the method according to the invention is that the substance to be measured itself penetrates into the liquid and can be detected. As a consequence, a retarding, interfering and complicating intermediate conversion step such as the step utilized in the known method, whereby hydrogen peroxide is produced by the glucose oxidase enzyme, can in most cases be omitted.
The invention can further be embodied in an instrument adapted for the application of the method according to the invention, and in a pickup unit for use in a device according to the invention.
FIG. 1 is an embodiment of the pickup unit for use in a device according to the invention.
The exemplary embodiment of a pickup unit as shown in longitudinal section in the drawing, for use in an instrument for carrying out the method according to the invention, comprises a membrane 1 and a housing 2 with a cavity 3 closed off by the membrane 1. For discharging liquid located behind the membrane 1 and for supplying new liquid behind the membrane 1, the pickup unit comprises a supply conduit 4 and a discharge conduit 5, respectively. Means for measuring the concentration of a substance in liquid discharged from the cavity 3 are not shown. These may for instance be arranged at a distance from the pickup unit in the discharge conduit 5.
For carrying out the method according to the invention, the membrane 1 of the pickup unit is positioned and retained against the skin of a patient. Various substances penetrate both through the skin of the patient and through the membrane 1 and are dissolved in the liquid passing behind and along the membrane 1 through the cavity 3. The liquid is discharged from the cavity 3 and new liquid is supplied, whilst in similar manner substances originating from the blood penetrate into and are dissolved in the new liquid. The concentration of the substance or substances whose concentration in the blood is to be monitored is always measured in the discharged liquid.
Because in the method according to the invention the liquid in the cavity 3 is continuously replaced, no excessive accumulation of substances which have passed through the mebrane 1 occurs, even if the duration of monitoring is prolonged. As a result, regardless of the duration of monitoring, as long as the concentration of the substance in question in the blood remains within a given expectable range, the concentration in the liquid of the substance whose concentration in the blood is to be monitored, will remain within a corresponding, relatively limited range. This range can moreover be influenced by appropriately choosing the replacement rate of the liquid behind the membrane 1 in relation to the effective area of the membrane 1. Thus, the concentration of the substance in question in the liquid can be caused to remain within a range within which it can be properly measured.
Further, the concentration of a substance can be monitored continuously without entailing any additional delay of the observation owing to the necessity of waiting for a measuring interval to elapse.
A further advantage of passing the liquid along the membrane continuously is that the liquid behind the membrane is kept moving continuously, which improves the mixing of the substances in the liquid which have penetrated into the cavity 3.
Because accumulation of substances in the cavity 3 is limited, the method according to the invention is suitable for monitoring the concentration in the blood of substances which are not removed from the liquid during measurement. Moreover, it is possible to measure the concentration of several substances simultaneously using a single pickup unit by measuring the concentration of several substances in the liquid. For that purpose, it is for instance possible to arrange sensors of several measuring means in the discharge conduit 5. By arranging the sensors in the discharge conduit any problems with regard to space, which would occur upon their arrangement in the cavity 3, are solved.
The measured concentration of the substance in the liquid is to a high degree proportional to the concentration of that substance in the blood some time prior to the time of measurement of the concentration of that substance in the liquid. The duration of that time is determined by the average time which it takes a particle of that substance to move from the blood stream to the means for determining the concentration in the discharged liquid.
Because the liquid behind the membrane is continuously replaced and the concentration in this liquid is measured after it has been discharged, the reliability of measuring results is not influenced by interruptions of the measurement or temporarily unreliable periods during the period of monitoring.
A further advantage of the method according to the invention is that the substances to be measured themselves penetrate into the liquid, whereafter that liquid is discharged and the concentration of those substances in the discharge liquid is measured. This makes it possible, in most cases, to dispense with a retarding, interfering and complicating intermediate conversion step. The concentration in the liquid of lactate, ethanol and glucose can for instance be measured by means of measuring methods which are known per se for microdialysis, such as lactography for following the lactate concentration, detecting NADH or NADPH produced by enzymes for following the concentration of ethanol and glucose, and detecting H2 O2 for following the choline concentration. Such measuring methods are for instance known from "On-line real time monitoring of extracellular lactate, ethanol, glucose and choline, using microdialysis and enzyme reactors" by Korf et al. (1991) in "Microdialysis in the Neurosciences" T. E. Robinson and J. B. Justice (eds.), Elsevier Science Publishers B.V. 1991 and in "Continuous monitoring of the extracellular lactate concentration by microdialysis for the study of rat muscle metabolism in vivo", by De Boer et al. (1991) in the European Journal of Physiology, 419: 1-6, which publications are hereby referred to. The concentration of some substances can be monitored directly in electrochemical manner.
Because the means for supplying and discharging the liquid are constructed as supply and discharge conduits 4 and 5 connecting to the cavity 3, liquid can be continuously passed along the membrane 1 in a simple manner. The concentration of a substance can be measured downstream of the cavity 3 in the liquid stream.
The cavity 3 is constructed as a groove in the housing 2 and forms a channel, one end thereof connecting to the supply conduit 4 and the other end connecting to the discharge conduit 5. This makes it possible to manufacture the housing 2 with cavity 3 in a simple manner. Further, as a result, the cavity has a small volume, which in turn is advantageous for a fast reaction of the concentration in the liquid to the supply of substances through the membrane 1. Because the channel is elongated in the direction of transport, comparatively little mixing occurs in the direction of flow, which is advantageous for the measuring sensitivity.
The groove of the cavity 3 preferably has a width which is greater than its depth. As a result, a relatively large effective passage area in contact with the skin is obtained and little mixing of the liquid is required to obtain a homogeneous distribution over the cross-section of the channel-shaped cavity 3, of the substances which have passed through the membrane 1 into the liquid.
The means for measuring the concentration of a substance in liquid discharged from behind the membrane 1 are preferably arranged for measuring the concentration in the discharge conduit 5. Thus, a fast reaction of the measured value to changes in the concentration in the liquid is obtained. Moreover, as a consequence, the measuring methods as described hereinabove can be employed, which methods are particularly suitable for the continuous measurement of concentrations in a flowing liquid.
The housing 2 comprises a base body 6 and a cap 7, the membrane 1 being clamped between the base body 6 and the cap 7. In this way, in a simple manner provisions have been created for fixing the membrane 1. The membrane can be removed in a simple manner to replace it by a new membrane. It is desirable to replace the membrane after each use because protracted intensive contact of the membrane with the skin of consecutive patients would involve a substantial risk of contamination of a patient by a preceding patient.
On the side opposite the membrane 1, the pickup unit is provided with a cover 10 with apertures for the supply and the discharge conduits (4 and 5, respectively).
The cap 7 and the base body 6 can be readily cleaned and optionally sterilized. The base body 6 comprises a circumferential groove in which rests an O-ring 8. When the cap 7 is arranged over the base body 6, this O-ring 8 provides a seal between the cap 7 and the base body 6. The cap 7 is provided with an opening through which projects a portion of the base body 6 that comprises the cavity 3. The membrane 1 rests inter alia against this portion of the base body 6, so that in use the portion of the membrane 1 that is located in front of the cavity 3 is reliably pressed against the skin.
The pickup unit is provided with a thermostatically controlled source of heat 9. The source of heat 9 can for instance comprise a resistor as energy converter and a temperature-dependent semiconductor as thermostat. The base body 6 is preferably made from a material that conducts heat well, such as aluminum or silver. Examples of suitable materials for other parts of the housing 2 include synthetic material or aluminum.
By means of the source of heat 9, the skin can be heated to a constant temperature in the region of the membrane 1. According as the skin is warmer, capillary loops under the skin open up further and more arterial blood flows through them, which promotes the penetration of substances from the arterial blood through the skin. By heating the skin to a constant temperature, this effect can be promoted and controlled, which promotes the reliability of the relationship between the substances penetrating through the skin and the concentrations thereof in the arterial blood.
To render the skin rich in blood, on the one hand, and to avoid burns, on the other, the skin in the region of the membrane is preferably heated to a temperature between 40° and 45° C. In most cases, a temperature of 42° C. offers the best compromise.
For measuring the concentration of an acid, such as lactate, the liquid is preferably passed through the cavity 3 at a rate of flow between 0.025 and 15 μl/min per mm2 of passage area of the cavity, proximal to the skin. Good results are for instance obtained when a cavity of a depth of 0.1 to 0.2 mm, a width of 0.5 mm and a length of 8 mm is used and the rate of flow of liquid passed through the cavity 3 is approx. 10 μl/min. Because the cavity is wider than its depth, at a given volume of the cavity a relatively large effective passage area is obtained and relatively little mixing of that liquid is necessary to obtain a homogeneous distribution within the liquid of substances which have passed through the membrane.
A rate of flow similar to that for measuring the concentration of an acid, such as lactate, is preferred for measuring the concentrations of more lipophilic substances, such as ethanol.
For measuring the concentration of hydrophilic substances, such as glucose, the liquid is preferably passed through the cavity at a lower rate of flow, viz., between 0.025 and 15 μl/min per mm2 of passage area of the cavity proximal to the skin. In the case of a pickup unit with an effective membrane area as described hereinabove, a very suitable rate of flow is for instance 2.5 μl/min.
Prior to measurement, the skin is preferably treated by applying a sticky material thereto at least once and subsequently stripping this from the skin. This technique is known by the name of "cellulose stripping" and for instance described in "Transepidermal potassium ion, chloride ion and water flux across delipidized and cellophane tape stripped skin" by Lo et al. in Dermatologica, 1990.
According to this technique, the horny layer of the epidermis of the skin is partly removed, so that the barrier action of the skin is reduced. In the case of glucose and alcohol, for instance, this yields an increase of the flow of substances passing through the skin by a factor of between 5 and 20. This makes it possible, utilizing a relatively small passage area of the cavity 3 proximal to the skin and a relatively high replacement rate of liquid, to yet obtain concentrations of the substance(s) to be monitored in the liquid that fall within a range within which they can be properly measured. Further, through the reduced barrier action of the skin, the influence of this action on the amounts of substances penetrating into the liquid is limited, which is advantageous for the predictive value of the measured concentration(s) of that substance or those substances in the liquid.
It is observed that, if so desired, other methods for limiting the barrier action of the skin can be used as well, such as cleansing the skin with the aid of a fat-dissolving and/or abrasive substance or by the use of penetration-promoting agents such as Dimethyl Sulfoxide (sometimes referred to as DMSO) or Laurocapram (available under the brand name Azone).
The liquid which is used is preferably a physiological liquid. This provides the advantage that the concentration of virtually any substance capable of passing through the skin can be measured therein.
The pickup unit can for instance be fitted against a dorsal part of the lower arm. Depending on the objective of the measurements, the membrane can naturally be arranged against another part of the body. Prior to the arrangement of the pickup unit, a surface of, for instance, 2×2 cm of the skin is treated by repeatedly sticking a self-adhesive foil to it. In the pickup unit, for instance a cellulose membrane of a thickness of 25 μm can be arranged. Such a membrane is commercially available, for instance from A. H. Thomas Co. in Philadelphia, Pa., USA. The pickup unit with the membrane is subsequently fitted against the skin. For that purpose, it is for instance possible to use a double-sided self-adhesive tape. This is commercially available, for instance from Draeger in Zoetermeer, The Netherlands.
After the pickup unit has been fitted as described hereinabove, it is preferably heated and physiological liquid is passed through the pickup unit, the concentration of one or more substances in the liquid being measured downstream of the pickup unit. If, in addition to the variation in the concentration, the absolute concentration of a substance in the blood is to be monitored as well, preferably the ratio between the concentration of that substance in the liquid and that in the blood is established by taking one or more blood samples and assaying the concentration of that substance in that blood sample. The fact is that although this ratio has been found to be substantially constant for most substances for a particular individual, it may vary from one person to another.
If the pickup unit is heated, it should be moved after 6-8 hour intervals, so as prevent skin burns.
The invention can for instance be used for monitoring the lactate concentration in the blood of patients who are seriously ill, so as to avoid repeated venal puncture, for monitoring the glucose concentration in the blood of new-born babies in intensive care, or for non-invasively monitoring arterial concentrations, such as the lactate concentration within the framework of sports physiology.
The invention can further be used for continuously monitoring the concentration of a medicament in a patient. On-line monitoring even makes it possible to administer medicament automatically upon a decrease of concentration, so as to keep the concentration at a given level and to minimize temporary overdosing with any associated additional harmful side-effects.
The use of the membrane 1 is advantageous because thereby in a simple manner a reliable seal of the cavity 3 is obtained, so that the liquid passed therethrough cannot leak away. Further, through the use of the membrane 1, the skin is to a lesser extent subject to contact with the liquid, which is advantageous in particular in the case of measurements over very long periods of time. Further, through the choice of a suitable membrane, a selection of substances penetrating into the cavity 3 can be obtained. Finally, through the membrane 1, contamination of downstream parts of the measuring instrument according to the invention can be avoided.
It is also possible, however, to arrange for the cavity 3 to bound the skin directly without interposition of a membrane. In that case, no membrane is required, so that costs are saved, and the amount of substances penetrating into the cavity is generally larger than in the case where a membrane is provided between the cavity 3 and the skin, so that these substances will normally be easier to measure. The use of a pickup unit without membrane 1 is particularly attractive if measurements of relatively short duration are involved, where a short reaction time is desired (and therefore a high replacement rate) and/or where it is problematic to obtain sufficiently high concentrations of the substance to be measured in the liquid passed through the cavity 3, if a membrane 1 is used.
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|US4274417 *||Sep 18, 1979||Jun 23, 1981||National Research Development Corporation||Instruments for use in the measurement of gases in body fluids|
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|1||Lo et al., "Transepidermal Potassium Ion, Chloride Ion, and Water Fluxacross Delipidized and Cellophane Tape-Stripped Skin," Dermatologica, 1990, v. 180, pp. 66-68.|
|2||*||Lo et al., Transepidermal Potassium Ion, Chloride Ion, and Water Fluxacross Delipidized and Cellophane Tape Stripped Skin, Dermatologica, 1990, v. 180, pp. 66 68.|
|3||*||Websters II New Riverside University Dictionary, The Riverside Publishing Company, 1994, p. 550.|
|Citing Patent||Filing date||Publication date||Applicant||Title|
|US8386027||Apr 25, 2008||Feb 26, 2013||Echo Therapeutics, Inc.||Skin permeation device for analyte sensing or transdermal drug delivery|
|US8812071||Mar 6, 2008||Aug 19, 2014||Echo Therapeutics, Inc.||Transdermal analyte monitoring systems and methods for analyte detection|
|US9572527||Jan 22, 2013||Feb 21, 2017||Echo Therapeutics, Inc.||Skin permeation device for analyte sensing or transdermal drug delivery|
|US20080275468 *||Apr 25, 2008||Nov 6, 2008||Echo Therapeutics, Inc.||Skin permeation device for analyte sensing or transdermal drug delivery|
|U.S. Classification||600/309, 600/584|
|International Classification||G01N33/497, A61B5/00, G01N1/34|
|Cooperative Classification||A61B5/14525, G01N33/497, A61B5/14532, G01N1/34, G01N2001/4016|
|European Classification||A61B5/145G, A61B5/145F, G01N33/497, G01N1/34|
|Nov 26, 2001||FPAY||Fee payment|
Year of fee payment: 4
|Feb 8, 2006||REMI||Maintenance fee reminder mailed|
|Jul 21, 2006||LAPS||Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees|
|Sep 19, 2006||FP||Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee|
Effective date: 20060721