[He kills another, then Exton strikes him down.]


That hand shall burn in never-quenching fire That staggers thus my person. Exton, thy fierce hand Hath with the King's blood stained the King's own land. Mount, mount, my soul! Thy seat is up on high, Whilst my gross flesh sinks downward, here to die.


EXTON. As full of valour as of royal blood! Both have I spilled. O, would the deed were good! For now the devil that told me I did well Says that this deed is chronicled in hell. This dead king to the living king I'll bear. Take hence the rest, and give them burial here.


SCENE VI. Windsor. An Apartment in the Castle.


Flourish. Enter King Henry and York with Lords and Attendants.


KING HENRY. Kind uncle York, the latest news we hear Is that the rebels have consumed with fire Our town of Cicester in Gloucestershire, But whether they be ta'en or slain we hear not.


Welcome, my lord. What is the news?


NORTHUMBERLAND. First, to thy sacred state wish I all happiness. The next news is: I have to London sent The heads of Salisbury, Spencer, Blunt, and Kent. The manner of their taking may appear At large discoursed in this paper here.


KING HENRY. We thank thee, gentle Percy, for thy pains, And to thy worth will add right worthy gains.


FITZWATER. My lord, I have from Oxford sent to London The heads of Brocas and Sir Bennet Seely, Two of the dangerous consorted traitors That sought at Oxford thy dire overthrow.


KING HENRY. Thy pains, Fitzwater, shall not be forgot. Right noble is thy merit, well I wot.


Enter Harry Percy with the Bishop of Carlisle.


PERCY. The grand conspirator, Abbot of Westminster, With clog of conscience and sour melancholy, Hath yielded up his body to the grave. But here is Carlisle living, to abide Thy kingly doom and sentence of his pride.


KING HENRY. Carlisle, this is your doom: Choose out some secret place, some reverend room, More than thou hast, and with it joy thy life. So as thou liv'st in peace, die free from strife; For though mine enemy thou hast ever been, High sparks of honour in thee have I seen.


Enter Exton with attendants, bearing a coffin.


EXTON. Great king, within this coffin I present Thy buried fear. Herein all breathless lies The mightiest of thy greatest enemies, Richard of Bordeaux, by me hither brought.


KING HENRY. Exton, I thank thee not, for thou hast wrought A deed of slander with thy fatal hand Upon my head and all this famous land.


EXTON. From your own mouth, my lord, did I this deed.


KING HENRY. They love not poison that do poison need, Nor do I thee. Though I did wish him dead, I hate the murderer, love him murdered. The guilt of conscience take thou for thy labour, But neither my good word nor princely favour. With Cain go wander thorough shades of night, And never show thy head by day nor light. Lords, I protest my soul is full of woe That blood should sprinkle me to make me grow. Come, mourn with me for what I do lament, And put on sullen black incontinent. I'll make a voyage to the Holy Land To wash this blood off from my guilty hand. March sadly after; grace my mournings here In weeping after this untimely bier.


ACT I Scene I. London. A street Scene II. London. Another street Scene III. London. A Room in the Palace Scene IV. London. A Room in the Tower


ACT II Scene I. London. A Room in the palace Scene II. Another Room in the palace Scene III. London. A street Scene IV. London. A Room in the Palace


ACT III Scene I. London. A street Scene II. Before Lord Hastings' house Scene III. Pomfret. Before the Castle Scene IV. London. A Room in the Tower Scene V. London. The Tower Walls Scene VI. London. A street Scene VII. London. Court of Baynard's Castle


ACT IV Scene I. London. Before the Tower Scene II. London. A Room of State in the Palace Scene III. London. Another Room in the Palace Scene IV. London. Before the Palace Scene V. A Room in Lord Stanley's house


ACT V Scene I. Salisbury. An open place Scene II. Plain near Tamworth Scene III. Bosworth Field Scene IV. Another part of the Field Scene V. Another part of the Field


RICHARD, DUKE OF GLOUCESTER, afterwards KING RICHARD III. LADY ANNE, widow to Edward, Prince of Wales, son to King Henry VI.; afterwards married to the Duke of Gloucester


KING EDWARD THE FOURTH, brother to Richard QUEEN ELIZABETH, Queen to King Edward IV. Sons to the king: EDWARD, PRINCE OF WALES, afterwards KING EDWARD V. RICHARD, DUKE OF YORK


GEORGE, DUKE OF CLARENCE, brother to Edward and Richard BOY, son to Clarence GIRL, daughter to Clarence


DUCHESS OF YORK, mother to King Edward IV., Clarence, and Gloucester QUEEN MARGARET, widow to King Henry VI. DUKE OF BUCKINGHAM LORD HASTINGS, the Lord Chamberlain LORD STANLEY, the Earl of Derby EARL RIVERS, brother to Queen Elizabeth LORD GREY, son of Queen Elizabeth by her former marriage MARQUESS OF DORSET, son of Queen Elizabeth by her former marriage SIR THOMAS VAUGHAN


HENRY, EARL OF RICHMOND, afterwards KING HENRY VII. EARL OF OXFORD SIR JAMES BLUNT SIR WALTER HERBERT SIR WILLIAM BRANDON CHRISTOPHER URSWICK, a priest THOMAS ROTHERHAM, ARCHBISHOP OF YORK CARDINAL BOURCHIER, ARCHBISHOP OF CANTERBURY John Morton, BISHOP OF ELY SIR ROBERT BRAKENBURY, Lieutenant of the Tower SIR JAMES TYRREL Another Priest LORD MAYOR OF LONDON SHERIFF OF WILTSHIRE


Lords, and other Attendants; two Gentlemen, a Pursuivant, Scrivener, Citizens, Murderers, Messengers, Ghosts, Soldiers, &c.


SCENE I. London. A street


Enter Richard, Duke of Gloucester, alone.


RICHARD. Now is the winter of our discontent Made glorious summer by this son of York; And all the clouds that loured upon our house In the deep bosom of the ocean buried. Now are our brows bound with victorious wreaths, Our bruised arms hung up for monuments, Our stern alarums changed to merry meetings, Our dreadful marches to delightful measures. Grim-visaged war hath smoothed his wrinkled front; And now, instead of mounting barbed steeds To fright the souls of fearful adversaries, He capers nimbly in a lady's chamber To the lascivious pleasing of a lute. But I, that am not shaped for sportive tricks, Nor made to court an amorous looking-glass; I, that am rudely stamped, and want love's majesty To strut before a wanton ambling nymph; I, that am curtailed of this fair proportion, Cheated of feature by dissembling nature, Deformed, unfinished, sent before my time Into this breathing world scarce half made up, And that so lamely and unfashionable That dogs bark at me as I halt by them— Why, I, in this weak piping time of peace, Have no delight to pass away the time, Unless to spy my shadow in the sun, And descant on mine own deformity. And therefore, since I cannot prove a lover To entertain these fair well-spoken days, I am determined to prove a villain, And hate the idle pleasures of these days. Plots have I laid, inductions dangerous, By drunken prophecies, libels, and dreams, To set my brother Clarence and the King In deadly hate the one against the other; And if King Edward be as true and just As I am subtle, false, and treacherous, This day should Clarence closely be mewed up About a prophecy which says that "G" Of Edward's heirs the murderer shall be. Dive, thoughts, down to my soul. Here Clarence comes.


Enter Clarence, guarded and Brakenbury.


Brother, good day. What means this armed guard That waits upon your Grace?


CLARENCE. His Majesty, Tend'ring my person's safety, hath appointed This conduct to convey me to the Tower.


RICHARD. Upon what cause?


CLARENCE. Because my name is George.


RICHARD. Alack, my lord, that fault is none of yours. He should, for that, commit your godfathers. O, belike his Majesty hath some intent That you should be new-christened in the Tower. But what's the matter, Clarence? May I know?


CLARENCE. Yea, Richard, when I know, for I protest As yet I do not. But, as I can learn, He hearkens after prophecies and dreams, And from the cross-row plucks the letter G, And says a wizard told him that by "G" His issue disinherited should be. And for my name of George begins with G, It follows in his thought that I am he. These, as I learn, and such like toys as these, Hath moved his Highness to commit me now.


RICHARD. Why, this it is when men are ruled by women. 'Tis not the King that sends you to the Tower; My Lady Grey his wife, Clarence, 'tis she That tempers him to this extremity. Was it not she and that good man of worship, Antony Woodville, her brother there, That made him send Lord Hastings to the Tower, From whence this present day he is delivered? We are not safe, Clarence; we are not safe.


CLARENCE. By heaven, I think there is no man secure But the Queen's kindred, and night-walking heralds That trudge betwixt the King and Mistress Shore. Heard you not what an humble suppliant Lord Hastings was to her for his delivery?


RICHARD. Humbly complaining to her deity Got my Lord Chamberlain his liberty. I'll tell you what: I think it is our way, If we will keep in favour with the King, To be her men and wear her livery. The jealous o'er-worn widow and herself, Since that our brother dubbed them gentlewomen, Are mighty gossips in our monarchy.


BRAKENBURY. I beseech your Graces both to pardon me. His Majesty hath straitly given in charge That no man shall have private conference, Of what degree soever, with your brother.


RICHARD. Even so; an please your worship, Brakenbury, You may partake of anything we say. We speak no treason, man. We say the King Is wise and virtuous, and his noble Queen Well struck in years, fair, and not jealous. We say that Shore's wife hath a pretty foot, A cherry lip, a bonny eye, a passing pleasing tongue; And that the Queen's kindred are made gentlefolks. How say you, sir? Can you deny all this?


BRAKENBURY. With this, my lord, myself have naught to do.


RICHARD. Naught to do with Mistress Shore? I tell thee, fellow, He that doth naught with her, excepting one, Were best to do it secretly alone.


BRAKENBURY. What one, my lord?


RICHARD. Her husband, knave! Wouldst thou betray me?


BRAKENBURY. I do beseech your Grace to pardon me, and withal Forbear your conference with the noble Duke.


CLARENCE. We know thy charge, Brakenbury, and will obey.


RICHARD. We are the Queen's abjects and must obey. Brother, farewell. I will unto the King, And whatsoe'er you will employ me in, Were it to call King Edward's widow "sister," I will perform it to enfranchise you. Meantime, this deep disgrace in brotherhood Touches me deeper than you can imagine.


CLARENCE. I know it pleaseth neither of us well.


RICHARD. Well, your imprisonment shall not be long. I will deliver or else lie for you. Meantime, have patience.


CLARENCE. I must perforce. Farewell.


[Exeunt Clarence, Brakenbury and guard.]


RICHARD. Go tread the path that thou shalt ne'er return. Simple, plain Clarence, I do love thee so That I will shortly send thy soul to heaven, If heaven will take the present at our hands. But who comes here? The new-delivered Hastings?


HASTINGS. Good time of day unto my gracious lord.


RICHARD. As much unto my good Lord Chamberlain. Well are you welcome to the open air. How hath your lordship brooked imprisonment?


HASTINGS. With patience, noble lord, as prisoners must; But I shall live, my lord, to give them thanks That were the cause of my imprisonment.


RICHARD. No doubt, no doubt; and so shall Clarence too, For they that were your enemies are his, And have prevailed as much on him as you.


HASTINGS. More pity that the eagles should be mewed, Whiles kites and buzzards prey at liberty.


RICHARD. What news abroad?


HASTINGS. No news so bad abroad as this at home: The King is sickly, weak, and melancholy, And his physicians fear him mightily.


RICHARD. Now, by Saint John, that news is bad indeed. O, he hath kept an evil diet long, And overmuch consumed his royal person. 'Tis very grievous to be thought upon. Where is he, in his bed?


He cannot live, I hope, and must not die Till George be packed with post-horse up to heaven. I'll in to urge his hatred more to Clarence With lies well steeled with weighty arguments; And, if I fail not in my deep intent, Clarence hath not another day to live; Which done, God take King Edward to his mercy, And leave the world for me to bustle in. For then I'll marry Warwick's youngest daughter. What though I killed her husband and her father? The readiest way to make the wench amends Is to become her husband and her father; The which will I, not all so much for love As for another secret close intent, By marrying her which I must reach unto. But yet I run before my horse to market. Clarence still breathes; Edward still lives and reigns. When they are gone, then must I count my gains.


SCENE II. London. Another street


Enter the corse of King Henry the Sixth, with Halberds to guard it, Lady Anne, being the mourner, Tressel and Berkeley and other Gentlemen.


ANNE. Set down, set down your honourable load, If honour may be shrouded in a hearse, Whilst I awhile obsequiously lament Th' untimely fall of virtuous Lancaster. Poor key-cold figure of a holy king, Pale ashes of the house of Lancaster. Thou bloodless remnant of that royal blood, Be it lawful that I invocate thy ghost To hear the lamentations of poor Anne, Wife to thy Edward, to thy slaughtered son, Stabbed by the selfsame hand that made these wounds. Lo, in these windows that let forth thy life I pour the helpless balm of my poor eyes. O, cursed be the hand that made these holes; Cursed the heart that had the heart to do it; Cursed the blood that let this blood from hence. More direful hap betide that hated wretch That makes us wretched by the death of thee Than I can wish to adders, spiders, toads, Or any creeping venomed thing that lives. If ever he have child, abortive be it, Prodigious, and untimely brought to light, Whose ugly and unnatural aspect May fright the hopeful mother at the view, And that be heir to his unhappiness. If ever he have wife, let her be made More miserable by the death of him Than I am made by my young lord and thee. Come now towards Chertsey with your holy load, Taken from Paul's to be interred there; And still, as you are weary of this weight, Rest you, whiles I lament King Henry's corse.


[They take up the bier.]


Enter Richard, Duke of Gloucester.


RICHARD. Stay, you that bear the corse, and set it down.


ANNE. What black magician conjures up this fiend To stop devoted charitable deeds?


RICHARD. Villains, set down the corse or, by Saint Paul, I'll make a corse of him that disobeys!


GENTLEMAN. My lord, stand back, and let the coffin pass.


RICHARD. Unmannered dog, stand thou, when I command! Advance thy halberd higher than my breast, Or by Saint Paul I'll strike thee to my foot And spurn upon thee, beggar, for thy boldness.


[They set down the bier.]


ANNE. What, do you tremble? Are you all afraid? Alas, I blame you not, for you are mortal, And mortal eyes cannot endure the devil. Avaunt, thou dreadful minister of hell! Thou hadst but power over his mortal body; His soul thou canst not have; therefore begone.


RICHARD. Sweet saint, for charity, be not so curst.


ANNE. Foul devil, for God's sake, hence, and trouble us not; For thou hast made the happy earth thy hell, Filled it with cursing cries and deep exclaims. If thou delight to view thy heinous deeds, Behold this pattern of thy butcheries. O, gentlemen, see, see dead Henry's wounds Open their congealed mouths and bleed afresh! Blush, blush, thou lump of foul deformity, For 'tis thy presence that exhales this blood From cold and empty veins where no blood dwells. Thy deeds, inhuman and unnatural, Provokes this deluge most unnatural. O God, which this blood mad'st, revenge his death! O earth, which this blood drink'st, revenge his death! Either heaven with lightning strike the murderer dead, Or earth gape open wide and eat him quick, As thou dost swallow up this good King's blood, Which his hell-governed arm hath butchered.


RICHARD. Lady, you know no rules of charity, Which renders good for bad, blessings for curses.


ANNE. Villain, thou know'st nor law of God nor man. No beast so fierce but knows some touch of pity.


RICHARD. But I know none, and therefore am no beast.


ANNE. O wonderful, when devils tell the truth!


RICHARD. More wonderful when angels are so angry. Vouchsafe, divine perfection of a woman, Of these supposed crimes to give me leave, By circumstance, but to acquit myself.


ANNE. Vouchsafe, diffused infection of a man, Of these known evils but to give me leave, By circumstance, to accuse thy cursed self.


RICHARD. Fairer than tongue can name thee, let me have Some patient leisure to excuse myself.


ANNE. Fouler than heart can think thee, thou canst make No excuse current but to hang thyself.


RICHARD. By such despair I should accuse myself.


ANNE. And by despairing shalt thou stand excused For doing worthy vengeance on thyself That didst unworthy slaughter upon others.


RICHARD. Say that I slew them not?


ANNE. Then say they were not slain. But dead they are, and, devilish slave, by thee.


RICHARD. I did not kill your husband.


ANNE. Why then he is alive.


RICHARD. Nay, he is dead, and slain by Edward's hand.


ANNE. In thy foul throat thou liest. Queen Margaret saw Thy murd'rous falchion smoking in his blood, The which thou once didst bend against her breast, But that thy brothers beat aside the point.


RICHARD. I was provoked by her sland'rous tongue, That laid their guilt upon my guiltless shoulders.


ANNE. Thou wast provoked by thy bloody mind, That never dream'st on aught but butcheries. Didst thou not kill this King?


ANNE. Dost grant me, hedgehog? Then, God grant me too Thou mayst be damned for that wicked deed. O, he was gentle, mild, and virtuous.


RICHARD. The better for the King of Heaven that hath him.


ANNE. He is in heaven, where thou shalt never come.


RICHARD. Let him thank me that holp to send him thither, For he was fitter for that place than earth.


ANNE. And thou unfit for any place but hell.


RICHARD. Yes, one place else, if you will hear me name it.


RICHARD. Your bed-chamber.


ANNE. Ill rest betide the chamber where thou liest!


RICHARD. So will it, madam, till I lie with you.


ANNE. I hope so.


RICHARD. I know so. But, gentle Lady Anne, To leave this keen encounter of our wits, And fall something into a slower method: Is not the causer of the timeless deaths Of these Plantagenets, Henry and Edward, As blameful as the executioner?


ANNE. Thou wast the cause and most accursed effect.


RICHARD. Your beauty was the cause of that effect: Your beauty, that did haunt me in my sleep To undertake the death of all the world, So I might live one hour in your sweet bosom.


ANNE. If I thought that, I tell thee, homicide, These nails should rend that beauty from my cheeks.


RICHARD. These eyes could not endure that beauty's wrack; You should not blemish it if I stood by. As all the world is cheered by the sun, So I by that; it is my day, my life.


ANNE. Black night o'ershade thy day, and death thy life.


RICHARD. Curse not thyself, fair creature; thou art both.


ANNE. I would I were, to be revenged on thee.


RICHARD. It is a quarrel most unnatural, To be revenged on him that loveth thee.


ANNE. It is a quarrel just and reasonable, To be revenged on him that killed my husband.


RICHARD. He that bereft thee, lady, of thy husband, Did it to help thee to a better husband.


ANNE. His better doth not breathe upon the earth.


RICHARD. He lives that loves thee better than he could.


ANNE. Why, that was he.


RICHARD. The selfsame name, but one of better nature.


ANNE. Where is he?


[She spits at him.]


Why dost thou spit at me?


ANNE. Would it were mortal poison, for thy sake.


RICHARD. Never came poison from so sweet a place.


ANNE. Never hung poison on a fouler toad. Out of my sight! Thou dost infect mine eyes.


RICHARD. Thine eyes, sweet lady, have infected mine.


ANNE. Would they were basilisks to strike thee dead!


RICHARD. I would they were, that I might die at once; For now they kill me with a living death. Those eyes of thine from mine have drawn salt tears, Shamed their aspects with store of childish drops. These eyes, which never shed remorseful tear, No, when my father York and Edward wept To hear the piteous moan that Rutland made When black-faced Clifford shook his sword at him; Nor when thy warlike father, like a child, Told the sad story of my father's death, And twenty times made pause to sob and weep, That all the standers-by had wet their cheeks Like trees bedashed with rain. In that sad time My manly eyes did scorn an humble tear; And what these sorrows could not thence exhale, Thy beauty hath, and made them blind with weeping. I never sued to friend nor enemy; My tongue could never learn sweet smoothing word; But now thy beauty is proposed my fee, My proud heart sues, and prompts my tongue to speak.


[She looks scornfully at him.]


Teach not thy lip such scorn; for it was made For kissing, lady, not for such contempt. If thy revengeful heart cannot forgive, Lo, here I lend thee this sharp-pointed sword, Which if thou please to hide in this true breast And let the soul forth that adoreth thee, I lay it naked to the deadly stroke, And humbly beg the death upon my knee,


[He kneels and lays his breast open; she offers at it with his sword.]


Nay, do not pause, for I did kill King Henry— But 'twas thy beauty that provoked me. Nay, now dispatch; 'twas I that stabbed young Edward— But 'twas thy heavenly face that set me on.


[She falls the sword.]


Take up the sword again, or take up me.


ANNE. Arise, dissembler. Though I wish thy death, I will not be thy executioner.


RICHARD. Then bid me kill myself, and I will do it.


ANNE. I have already.


RICHARD. That was in thy rage. Speak it again, and even with the word, This hand, which for thy love did kill thy love, Shall for thy love kill a far truer love. To both their deaths shalt thou be accessary.


ANNE. I would I knew thy heart.


RICHARD. 'Tis figured in my tongue.


ANNE. I fear me both are false.


RICHARD. Then never was man true.


ANNE. Well, well, put up your sword.


RICHARD. Say then my peace is made.


ANNE. That shalt thou know hereafter.


RICHARD. But shall I live in hope?


ANNE. All men, I hope, live so.


RICHARD. Vouchsafe to wear this ring.


ANNE. To take is not to give.


[He places the ring on her hand.]


RICHARD. Look how my ring encompasseth thy finger; Even so thy breast encloseth my poor heart; Wear both of them, for both of them are thine. And if thy poor devoted servant may But beg one favour at thy gracious hand, Thou dost confirm his happiness for ever.


ANNE. What is it?


RICHARD. That it may please you leave these sad designs To him that hath most cause to be a mourner, And presently repair to Crosby Place; Where, after I have solemnly interred At Chertsey monastery this noble King, And wet his grave with my repentant tears, I will with all expedient duty see you. For divers unknown reasons, I beseech you, Grant me this boon.


ANNE. With all my heart, and much it joys me too To see you are become so penitent. Tressel and Berkeley, go along with me.


ANNE. 'Tis more than you deserve; But since you teach me how to flatter you, Imagine I have said farewell already.


RICHARD. Sirs, take up the corse.


GENTLEMAN. Towards Chertsey, noble lord?


RICHARD. No, to White Friars; there attend my coming.


[Exeunt Halberds and Gentlemen with corse.]


Was ever woman in this humour wooed? Was ever woman in this humour won? I'll have her, but I will not keep her long. What, I that killed her husband and his father, To take her in her heart's extremest hate, With curses in her mouth, tears in her eyes, The bleeding witness of her hatred by, Having God, her conscience, and these bars against me, And I no friends to back my suit at all, But the plain devil and dissembling looks? And yet to win her, all the world to nothing! Ha! Hath she forgot already that brave prince, Edward, her lord, whom I, some three months since, Stabbed in my angry mood at Tewksbury? A sweeter and a lovelier gentleman, Framed in the prodigality of nature, Young, valiant, wise, and, no doubt, right royal, The spacious world cannot again afford. And will she yet abase her eyes on me, That cropped the golden prime of this sweet prince, And made her widow to a woeful bed? On me, whose all not equals Edward's moiety? On me, that halt and am misshapen thus? My dukedom to a beggarly denier, I do mistake my person all this while! Upon my life, she finds, although I cannot, Myself to be a marvellous proper man. I'll be at charges for a looking-glass, And entertain a score or two of tailors To study fashions to adorn my body. Since I am crept in favour with myself, I will maintain it with some little cost. But first I'll turn yon fellow in his grave, And then return lamenting to my love. Shine out, fair sun, till I have bought a glass, That I may see my shadow as I pass.


SCENE III. London. A Room in the Palace


Enter Queen Elizabeth, the Marquess of Dorset, Lord Rivers and Lord Grey.


RIVERS. Have patience, madam. There's no doubt his Majesty Will soon recover his accustomed health.


GREY. In that you brook it ill, it makes him worse. Therefore, for God's sake, entertain good comfort, And cheer his Grace with quick and merry eyes.


QUEEN ELIZABETH. If he were dead, what would betide on me?


GREY. No other harm but loss of such a lord.


QUEEN ELIZABETH. The loss of such a lord includes all harms.


GREY. The heavens have blessed you with a goodly son To be your comforter when he is gone.


QUEEN ELIZABETH. Ah, he is young, and his minority Is put unto the trust of Richard Gloucester, A man that loves not me, nor none of you.


RIVERS. Is it concluded he shall be Protector?


QUEEN ELIZABETH. It is determined, not concluded yet; But so it must be, if the King miscarry.


Enter Buckingham and Stanley, Earl of Derby.


GREY. Here come the Lords of Buckingham and Derby.


BUCKINGHAM. Good time of day unto your royal Grace.


STANLEY. God make your Majesty joyful as you have been.


QUEEN ELIZABETH. The Countess Richmond, good my Lord of Derby, To your good prayer will scarcely say amen. Yet, Derby, notwithstanding she's your wife, And loves not me, be you, good lord, assured I hate not you for her proud arrogance.


STANLEY. I do beseech you, either not believe The envious slanders of her false accusers, Or if she be accused on true report, Bear with her weakness, which I think proceeds From wayward sickness, and no grounded malice.


QUEEN ELIZABETH. Saw you the King today, my Lord of Derby?


STANLEY. But now the Duke of Buckingham and I Are come from visiting his Majesty.


QUEEN ELIZABETH. What likelihood of his amendment, lords?


BUCKINGHAM. Madam, good hope; his Grace speaks cheerfully.


QUEEN ELIZABETH. God grant him health! Did you confer with him?


BUCKINGHAM. Ay, madam; he desires to make atonement Between the Duke of Gloucester and your brothers, And between them and my Lord Chamberlain; And sent to warn them to his royal presence.


QUEEN ELIZABETH. Would all were well—but that will never be. I fear our happiness is at the height.


Enter Richard, Duke of Gloucester and Hastings.


RICHARD. They do me wrong, and I will not endure it! Who is it that complains unto the King That I, forsooth, am stern and love them not? By holy Paul, they love his Grace but lightly That fill his ears with such dissentious rumours. Because I cannot flatter and look fair, Smile in men's faces, smooth, deceive, and cog, Duck with French nods and apish courtesy, I must be held a rancorous enemy. Cannot a plain man live and think no harm, But thus his simple truth must be abused With silken, sly, insinuating Jacks?


GREY. To who in all this presence speaks your Grace?


RICHARD. To thee, that hast nor honesty nor grace. When have I injured thee? When done thee wrong? Or thee? Or thee? Or any of your faction? A plague upon you all! His royal Grace, Whom God preserve better than you would wish, Cannot be quiet scarce a breathing while But you must trouble him with lewd complaints.


QUEEN ELIZABETH. Brother of Gloucester, you mistake the matter. The King, on his own royal disposition, And not provoked by any suitor else, Aiming, belike, at your interior hatred That in your outward action shows itself Against my children, brothers, and myself, Makes him to send, that he may learn the ground Of your ill will, and thereby to remove it.


RICHARD. I cannot tell. The world is grown so bad That wrens make prey where eagles dare not perch. Since every Jack became a gentleman, There's many a gentle person made a Jack.


QUEEN ELIZABETH. Come, come, we know your meaning, brother Gloucester. You envy my advancement, and my friends'. God grant we never may have need of you.


RICHARD. Meantime, God grants that we have need of you. Our brother is imprisoned by your means, Myself disgraced, and the nobility Held in contempt, while great promotions Are daily given to ennoble those That scarce some two days since were worth a noble.


QUEEN ELIZABETH. By Him that raised me to this careful height From that contented hap which I enjoyed, I never did incense his Majesty Against the Duke of Clarence, but have been An earnest advocate to plead for him. My lord, you do me shameful injury Falsely to draw me in these vile suspects.


RICHARD. You may deny that you were not the mean Of my Lord Hastings' late imprisonment.


RIVERS. She may, my lord; for—


RICHARD. She may, Lord Rivers; why, who knows not so? She may do more, sir, than denying that. She may help you to many fair preferments, And then deny her aiding hand therein, And lay those honours on your high desert. What may she not? She may, ay, marry, may she—


RIVERS. What, marry, may she?


RICHARD. What, marry, may she? Marry with a king, A bachelor, and a handsome stripling too. Iwis your grandam had a worser match.


QUEEN ELIZABETH. My lord of Gloucester, I have too long borne Your blunt upbraidings and your bitter scoffs. By heaven, I will acquaint his Majesty Of those gross taunts that oft I have endured. I had rather be a country servant-maid Than a great queen with this condition, To be so baited, scorned, and stormed at.


Enter old Queen Margaret behind.


Small joy have I in being England's queen.


QUEEN MARGARET. [Aside.] And lessened be that small, God, I beseech Him! Thy honour, state, and seat, is due to me.


RICHARD. What, threat you me with telling of the King? Tell him, and spare not. Look what I have said I will avouch 't in presence of the King; I dare adventure to be sent to th' Tower. 'Tis time to speak. My pains are quite forgot.


QUEEN MARGARET. [Aside.] Out, devil! I do remember them too well: Thou killed'st my husband Henry in the Tower, And Edward, my poor son, at Tewksbury.


RICHARD. Ere you were queen, ay, or your husband king, I was a pack-horse in his great affairs; A weeder-out of his proud adversaries, A liberal rewarder of his friends. To royalize his blood, I spilt mine own.


QUEEN MARGARET. [Aside.] Ay, and much better blood than his or thine.


RICHARD. In all which time, you and your husband Grey Were factious for the house of Lancaster. And, Rivers, so were you. Was not your husband In Margaret's battle at Saint Albans slain? Let me put in your minds, if you forget, What you have been ere this, and what you are; Withal, what I have been, and what I am.


QUEEN MARGARET. [Aside.] A murd'rous villain, and so still thou art.


RICHARD. Poor Clarence did forsake his father Warwick, Ay, and forswore himself—which Jesu pardon!—


QUEEN MARGARET. [Aside.] Which God revenge!


RICHARD. To fight on Edward's party for the crown; And for his meed, poor lord, he is mewed up. I would to God my heart were flint, like Edward's, Or Edward's soft and pitiful, like mine. I am too childish-foolish for this world.


QUEEN MARGARET. [Aside.] Hie thee to hell for shame, and leave this world, Thou cacodemon! There thy kingdom is.


RIVERS. My lord of Gloucester, in those busy days Which here you urge to prove us enemies, We followed then our lord, our sovereign king. So should we you, if you should be our king.


RICHARD. If I should be! I had rather be a pedler. Far be it from my heart, the thought thereof.


QUEEN ELIZABETH. As little joy, my lord, as you suppose You should enjoy, were you this country's king, As little joy you may suppose in me That I enjoy, being the Queen thereof.


QUEEN MARGARET. [Aside.] As little joy enjoys the Queen thereof, For I am she, and altogether joyless. I can no longer hold me patient.


Hear me, you wrangling pirates, that fall out In sharing that which you have pilled from me! Which of you trembles not that looks on me? If not, that I am Queen, you bow like subjects, Yet that, by you deposed, you quake like rebels. Ah, gentle villain, do not turn away.


RICHARD. Foul wrinkled witch, what mak'st thou in my sight?


QUEEN MARGARET. But repetition of what thou hast marred. That will I make before I let thee go.


RICHARD. Wert thou not banished on pain of death?


QUEEN MARGARET. I was, but I do find more pain in banishment Than death can yield me here by my abode. A husband and a son thou ow'st to me; And thou a kingdom; all of you, allegiance. This sorrow that I have by right is yours; And all the pleasures you usurp are mine.


RICHARD. The curse my noble father laid on thee When thou didst crown his warlike brows with paper, And with thy scorns drew'st rivers from his eyes, And then to dry them, gav'st the Duke a clout Steeped in the faultless blood of pretty Rutland— His curses then, from bitterness of soul Denounced against thee, are all fall'n upon thee, And God, not we, hath plagued thy bloody deed.


QUEEN ELIZABETH. So just is God, to right the innocent.


HASTINGS. O, 'twas the foulest deed to slay that babe, And the most merciless that e'er was heard of.


RIVERS. Tyrants themselves wept when it was reported.


DORSET. No man but prophesied revenge for it.


BUCKINGHAM. Northumberland, then present, wept to see it.


QUEEN MARGARET. What, were you snarling all before I came, Ready to catch each other by the throat, And turn you all your hatred now on me? Did York's dread curse prevail so much with heaven That Henry's death, my lovely Edward's death, Their kingdom's loss, my woeful banishment, Should all but answer for that peevish brat? Can curses pierce the clouds and enter heaven? Why then, give way, dull clouds, to my quick curses! Though not by war, by surfeit die your King, As ours by murder, to make him a king. Edward thy son, that now is Prince of Wales, For Edward our son, that was Prince of Wales, Die in his youth by like untimely violence. Thyself a queen, for me that was a queen, Outlive thy glory, like my wretched self. Long mayst thou live to wail thy children's death, And see another, as I see thee now, Decked in thy rights, as thou art stalled in mine; Long die thy happy days before thy death, And, after many lengthened hours of grief, Die neither mother, wife, nor England's Queen. Rivers and Dorset, you were standers-by, And so wast thou, Lord Hastings, when my son Was stabbed with bloody daggers. God, I pray Him, That none of you may live his natural age, But by some unlooked accident cut off.


RICHARD. Have done thy charm, thou hateful withered hag.


QUEEN MARGARET. And leave out thee? Stay, dog, for thou shalt hear me. If heaven have any grievous plague in store Exceeding those that I can wish upon thee, O, let them keep it till thy sins be ripe, And then hurl down their indignation On thee, the troubler of the poor world's peace. The worm of conscience still begnaw thy soul; Thy friends suspect for traitors while thou liv'st, And take deep traitors for thy dearest friends; No sleep close up that deadly eye of thine, Unless it be while some tormenting dream Affrights thee with a hell of ugly devils. Thou elvish-marked, abortive, rooting hog, Thou that wast sealed in thy nativity The slave of nature and the son of hell; Thou slander of thy heavy mother's womb, Thou loathed issue of thy father's loins, Thou rag of honour, thou detested—


QUEEN MARGARET. I call thee not.


RICHARD. I cry thee mercy then, for I did think That thou hadst called me all these bitter names.


QUEEN MARGARET. Why, so I did, but looked for no reply. O, let me make the period to my curse!


RICHARD. 'Tis done by me, and ends in "Margaret".


QUEEN ELIZABETH. Thus have you breathed your curse against yourself.


QUEEN MARGARET. Poor painted queen, vain flourish of my fortune, Why strew'st thou sugar on that bottled spider, Whose deadly web ensnareth thee about? Fool, fool; thou whet'st a knife to kill thyself. The day will come that thou shalt wish for me To help thee curse this poisonous bunch-backed toad.


HASTINGS. False-boding woman, end thy frantic curse, Lest to thy harm thou move our patience.


QUEEN MARGARET. Foul shame upon you, you have all moved mine.


RIVERS. Were you well served, you would be taught your duty.


QUEEN MARGARET. To serve me well, you all should do me duty: Teach me to be your queen, and you my subjects. O, serve me well, and teach yourselves that duty!


DORSET. Dispute not with her; she is lunatic.


QUEEN MARGARET. Peace, Master Marquess, you are malapert. Your fire-new stamp of honour is scarce current. O, that your young nobility could judge What 'twere to lose it and be miserable! They that stand high have many blasts to shake them, And if they fall they dash themselves to pieces.


RICHARD. Good counsel, marry. Learn it, learn it, Marquess.


DORSET. It touches you, my lord, as much as me.


RICHARD. Ay, and much more; but I was born so high. Our aery buildeth in the cedar's top, And dallies with the wind, and scorns the sun.


QUEEN MARGARET. And turns the sun to shade, alas, alas! Witness my son, now in the shade of death, Whose bright out-shining beams thy cloudy wrath Hath in eternal darkness folded up. Your aery buildeth in our aery's nest. O God, that seest it, do not suffer it! As it is won with blood, lost be it so.


BUCKINGHAM. Peace, peace, for shame, if not for charity.


QUEEN MARGARET. Urge neither charity nor shame to me. Uncharitably with me have you dealt, And shamefully my hopes by you are butchered. My charity is outrage, life my shame, And in that shame still live my sorrow's rage.


QUEEN MARGARET. O princely Buckingham, I'll kiss thy hand In sign of league and amity with thee. Now fair befall thee and thy noble house! Thy garments are not spotted with our blood, Nor thou within the compass of my curse.


BUCKINGHAM. Nor no one here, for curses never pass The lips of those that breathe them in the air.


QUEEN MARGARET. I will not think but they ascend the sky, And there awake God's gentle sleeping peace. O Buckingham, take heed of yonder dog! Look when he fawns, he bites; and when he bites, His venom tooth will rankle to the death. Have not to do with him; beware of him; Sin, death, and hell have set their marks on him, And all their ministers attend on him.


RICHARD. What doth she say, my lord of Buckingham?


QUEEN MARGARET. What, dost thou scorn me for my gentle counsel, And soothe the devil that I warn thee from? O, but remember this another day, When he shall split thy very heart with sorrow, And say, poor Margaret was a prophetess. Live each of you the subjects to his hate, And he to yours, and all of you to God's!


BUCKINGHAM. My hair doth stand on end to hear her curses.


RIVERS. And so doth mine. I muse why she's at liberty.


RICHARD. I cannot blame her. By God's holy mother, She hath had too much wrong; and I repent My part thereof that I have done to her.


QUEEN ELIZABETH. I never did her any, to my knowledge.


RICHARD. Yet you have all the vantage of her wrong. I was too hot to do somebody good That is too cold in thinking of it now. Marry, as for Clarence, he is well repaid; He is franked up to fatting for his pains. God pardon them that are the cause thereof.


RIVERS. A virtuous and a Christian-like conclusion, To pray for them that have done scathe to us.


RICHARD. So do I ever—(Speaks to himself) being well advised; For had I cursed now, I had cursed myself.


Enter Catesby.


CATESBY. Madam, his Majesty doth call for you, And for your Grace, and you, my gracious lords.


QUEEN ELIZABETH. Catesby, I come. Lords, will you go with me?


RIVERS. We wait upon your Grace.


RICHARD. I do the wrong, and first begin to brawl. The secret mischiefs that I set abroach I lay unto the grievous charge of others. Clarence, whom I indeed have cast in darkness, I do beweep to many simple gulls, Namely, to Derby, Hastings, Buckingham; And tell them 'tis the Queen and her allies That stir the King against the Duke my brother. Now they believe it, and withal whet me To be revenged on Rivers, Dorset, Grey. But then I sigh, and, with a piece of Scripture, Tell them that God bids us do good for evil; And thus I clothe my naked villany With odd old ends stol'n forth of Holy Writ, And seem a saint when most I play the devil.


But soft, here come my executioners. How now, my hardy, stout, resolved mates; Are you now going to dispatch this thing?


FIRST MURDERER. We are, my lord, and come to have the warrant, That we may be admitted where he is.


RICHARD. Well thought upon; I have it here about me.


[Gives the warrant.]


When you have done, repair to Crosby Place. But, sirs, be sudden in the execution, Withal obdurate, do not hear him plead; For Clarence is well-spoken, and perhaps May move your hearts to pity, if you mark him.


SECOND MURDERER. Tut, tut, my lord, we will not stand to prate. Talkers are no good doers. Be assured We go to use our hands, and not our tongues.


RICHARD. Your eyes drop millstones when fools' eyes fall tears. I like you, lads. About your business straight. Go, go, dispatch.


BOTH MURDERERS. We will, my noble lord.


SCENE IV. London. A Room in the Tower


Enter Clarence and Keeper.


KEEPER. Why looks your Grace so heavily today?


CLARENCE. O, I have passed a miserable night, So full of fearful dreams, of ugly sights, That, as I am a Christian faithful man, I would not spend another such a night Though 'twere to buy a world of happy days, So full of dismal terror was the time!


KEEPER. What was your dream, my lord? I pray you tell me.


CLARENCE. Methoughts that I had broken from the Tower, And was embarked to cross to Burgundy; And in my company my brother Gloucester, Who from my cabin tempted me to walk Upon the hatches. Thence we looked toward England, And cited up a thousand heavy times, During the wars of York and Lancaster, That had befall'n us. As we paced along Upon the giddy footing of the hatches, Methought that Gloucester stumbled, and in falling, Struck me, that thought to stay him, overboard Into the tumbling billows of the main. O Lord, methought what pain it was to drown, What dreadful noise of waters in my ears; What sights of ugly death within my eyes. Methoughts I saw a thousand fearful wracks; A thousand men that fishes gnawed upon; Wedges of gold, great anchors, heaps of pearl, Inestimable stones, unvalued jewels, All scattered in the bottom of the sea. Some lay in dead men's skulls, and in the holes Where eyes did once inhabit there were crept— As 'twere in scorn of eyes—reflecting gems, That wooed the slimy bottom of the deep, And mocked the dead bones that lay scattered by.


KEEPER. Had you such leisure in the time of death To gaze upon these secrets of the deep?


CLARENCE. Methought I had; and often did I strive To yield the ghost, but still the envious flood Stopped in my soul, and would not let it forth To find the empty, vast, and wand'ring air, But smothered it within my panting bulk, Who almost burst to belch it in the sea.


KEEPER. Awaked you not in this sore agony?


CLARENCE. No, no, my dream was lengthened after life. O, then began the tempest to my soul. I passed, methought, the melancholy flood, With that sour ferryman which poets write of, Unto the kingdom of perpetual night. The first that there did greet my stranger-soul Was my great father-in-law, renowned Warwick, Who spake aloud, "What scourge for perjury Can this dark monarchy afford false Clarence?" And so he vanished. Then came wand'ring by A shadow like an angel, with bright hair Dabbled in blood; and he shrieked out aloud "Clarence is come—false, fleeting, perjured Clarence, That stabbed me in the field by Tewksbury! Seize on him, Furies! Take him unto torment!" With that, methoughts, a legion of foul fiends Environed me, and howled in mine ears Such hideous cries that with the very noise I trembling waked, and for a season after Could not believe but that I was in hell, Such terrible impression made my dream.


KEEPER. No marvel, lord, though it affrighted you; I am afraid, methinks, to hear you tell it.


CLARENCE. Ah, Keeper, Keeper, I have done these things, That now give evidence against my soul, For Edward's sake, and see how he requites me. O God, if my deep prayers cannot appease Thee, But Thou wilt be avenged on my misdeeds, Yet execute Thy wrath in me alone; O, spare my guiltless wife and my poor children! Keeper, I prithee sit by me awhile. My soul is heavy, and I fain would sleep.


KEEPER. I will, my lord; God give your Grace good rest.


[Clarence reposes himself on a chair.]


BRAKENBURY. Sorrow breaks seasons and reposing hours, Makes the night morning, and the noontide night. Princes have but their titles for their glories, An outward honour for an inward toil; And, for unfelt imaginations, They often feel a world of restless cares, So that between their titles and low name, There's nothing differs but the outward fame.


Enter the two Murderers.


FIRST MURDERER. Ho, who's here?


BRAKENBURY. What wouldst thou, fellow? And how cam'st thou hither?


SECOND MURDERER. I would speak with Clarence, and I came hither on my legs.


BRAKENBURY. What, so brief?


FIRST MURDERER. 'Tis better, sir, than to be tedious. Let him see our commission, and talk no more.


[Brakenbury reads the commission.]


BRAKENBURY. I am in this commanded to deliver The noble Duke of Clarence to your hands. I will not reason what is meant hereby, Because I will be guiltless of the meaning. There lies the Duke asleep, and there the keys. I'll to the King and signify to him That thus I have resigned to you my charge.


FIRST MURDERER. You may, sir; 'tis a point of wisdom. Fare you well.


[Exeunt Brakenbury and the Keeper.]


SECOND MURDERER. What, shall I stab him as he sleeps?


FIRST MURDERER. No. He'll say 'twas done cowardly, when he wakes.


SECOND MURDERER. Why, he shall never wake until the great Judgement Day.


FIRST MURDERER. Why, then he'll say we stabbed him sleeping.


SECOND MURDERER. The urging of that word "judgement" hath bred a kind of remorse in me.


FIRST MURDERER. What, art thou afraid?


SECOND MURDERER. Not to kill him, having a warrant, but to be damned for killing him, from the which no warrant can defend me.


FIRST MURDERER. I thought thou hadst been resolute.


SECOND MURDERER. So I am—to let him live.


FIRST MURDERER. I'll back to the Duke of Gloucester and tell him so.


SECOND MURDERER. Nay, I prithee stay a little. I hope this passionate humour will change. It was wont to hold me but while one tells twenty.


FIRST MURDERER. How dost thou feel thyself now?


SECOND MURDERER. Faith, some certain dregs of conscience are yet within me.


FIRST MURDERER. Remember our reward, when the deed's done.


SECOND MURDERER. Zounds, he dies! I had forgot the reward.


FIRST MURDERER. Where's thy conscience now?


SECOND MURDERER. O, in the Duke of Gloucester's purse.


FIRST MURDERER. So, when he opens his purse to give us our reward, thy conscience flies out.


SECOND MURDERER. 'Tis no matter; let it go. There's few or none will entertain it.


FIRST MURDERER. What if it come to thee again?


SECOND MURDERER. I'll not meddle with it; it makes a man coward. A man cannot steal but it accuseth him; a man cannot swear but it checks him; a man cannot lie with his neighbour's wife but it detects him. 'Tis a blushing shamefaced spirit that mutinies in a man's bosom. It fills a man full of obstacles. It made me once restore a purse of gold that by chance I found. It beggars any man that keeps it. It is turned out of towns and cities for a dangerous thing; and every man that means to live well endeavours to trust to himself and live without it.


FIRST MURDERER. Zounds, 'tis even now at my elbow, persuading me not to kill the Duke.


SECOND MURDERER. Take the devil in thy mind, and believe him not. He would insinuate with thee but to make thee sigh.


FIRST MURDERER. I am strong-framed; he cannot prevail with me.


SECOND MURDERER. Spoke like a tall man that respects thy reputation. Come, shall we fall to work?


FIRST MURDERER. Take him on the costard with the hilts of thy sword, and then throw him in the malmsey-butt in the next room.


SECOND MURDERER. O excellent device—and make a sop of him.


FIRST MURDERER. Soft, he wakes.


FIRST MURDERER. No, we'll reason with him.


CLARENCE. Where art thou, keeper? Give me a cup of wine.


SECOND MURDERER. You shall have wine enough, my lord, anon.


CLARENCE. In God's name, what art thou?


FIRST MURDERER. A man, as you are.


CLARENCE. But not as I am, royal.


SECOND MURDERER. Nor you as we are, loyal.


CLARENCE. Thy voice is thunder, but thy looks are humble.


FIRST MURDERER. My voice is now the King's, my looks mine own.


CLARENCE. How darkly and how deadly dost thou speak! Your eyes do menace me; why look you pale? Who sent you hither? Wherefore do you come?


SECOND MURDERER. To, to, to—


CLARENCE. You scarcely have the hearts to tell me so, And therefore cannot have the hearts to do it. Wherein, my friends, have I offended you?


FIRST MURDERER. Offended us you have not, but the King.


CLARENCE. I shall be reconciled to him again.


SECOND MURDERER. Never, my lord; therefore prepare to die.


CLARENCE. Are you drawn forth among a world of men To slay the innocent? What is my offence? Where is the evidence that doth accuse me? What lawful quest have given their verdict up Unto the frowning judge? Or who pronounced The bitter sentence of poor Clarence' death? Before I be convict by course of law, To threaten me with death is most unlawful. I charge you, as you hope to have redemption, By Christ's dear blood shed for our grievous sins, That you depart, and lay no hands on me. The deed you undertake is damnable.


FIRST MURDERER. What we will do, we do upon command.


SECOND MURDERER. And he that hath commanded is our King.


CLARENCE. Erroneous vassals! The great King of kings Hath in the table of his law commanded That thou shalt do no murder. Will you then Spurn at His edict and fulfil a man's? Take heed, for He holds vengeance in His hand To hurl upon their heads that break His law.


SECOND MURDERER. And that same vengeance doth He hurl on thee For false forswearing, and for murder too. Thou didst receive the sacrament to fight In quarrel of the house of Lancaster.


FIRST MURDERER. And like a traitor to the name of God Didst break that vow, and with thy treacherous blade Unrippedst the bowels of thy sovereign's son.


SECOND MURDERER. Whom thou wast sworn to cherish and defend.


FIRST MURDERER. How canst thou urge God's dreadful law to us, When thou hast broke it in such dear degree?


CLARENCE. Alas, for whose sake did I that ill deed? For Edward, for my brother, for his sake. He sends you not to murder me for this, For in that sin he is as deep as I. If God will be avenged for the deed, O, know you yet He doth it publicly; Take not the quarrel from His powerful arm; He needs no indirect or lawless course To cut off those that have offended Him.


FIRST MURDERER. Who made thee then a bloody minister When gallant-springing, brave Plantagenet, That princely novice, was struck dead by thee?


CLARENCE. My brother's love, the devil, and my rage.


FIRST MURDERER. Thy brother's love, our duty, and thy faults, Provoke us hither now to slaughter thee.


CLARENCE. If you do love my brother, hate not me. I am his brother, and I love him well. If you are hired for meed, go back again, And I will send you to my brother Gloucester, Who shall reward you better for my life Than Edward will for tidings of my death.


SECOND MURDERER. You are deceived. Your brother Gloucester hates you.


CLARENCE. O no, he loves me, and he holds me dear. Go you to him from me.


FIRST MURDERER. Ay, so we will.


CLARENCE. Tell him when that our princely father York Blessed his three sons with his victorious arm, And charged us from his soul to love each other, He little thought of this divided friendship. Bid Gloucester think of this, and he will weep.


FIRST MURDERER. Ay, millstones, as he lessoned us to weep.


CLARENCE. O, do not slander him, for he is kind.


FIRST MURDERER. Right, as snow in harvest. Come, you deceive yourself. 'Tis he that sends us to destroy you here.


CLARENCE. It cannot be, for he bewept my fortune, And hugged me in his arms, and swore with sobs That he would labour my delivery.


FIRST MURDERER. Why, so he doth, when he delivers you From this earth's thraldom to the joys of heaven.


SECOND MURDERER. Make peace with God, for you must die, my lord.


CLARENCE. Have you that holy feeling in your souls To counsel me to make my peace with God, And are you yet to your own souls so blind That you will war with God by murd'ring me? O sirs, consider: they that set you on To do this deed will hate you for the deed.


SECOND MURDERER. What shall we do?


CLARENCE. Relent, and save your souls.


FIRST MURDERER. Relent? No, 'tis cowardly and womanish.


CLARENCE. Not to relent is beastly, savage, devilish. Which of you—if you were a prince's son, Being pent from liberty, as I am now— If two such murderers as yourselves came to you, Would not entreat for life? Ay, you would beg, Were you in my distress. My friend, I spy some pity in thy looks. O, if thine eye be not a flatterer, Come thou on my side, and entreat for me; A begging prince what beggar pities not?


SECOND MURDERER. Look behind you, my lord.


FIRST MURDERER. Take that, and that! [Stabs him.] If all this will not do, I'll drown you in the malmsey-butt within.


SECOND MURDERER. A bloody deed, and desperately dispatched. How fain, like Pilate, would I wash my hands Of this most grievous murder.


FIRST MURDERER. How now? What mean'st thou that thou help'st me not? By heavens, the Duke shall know how slack you have been.


SECOND MURDERER. I would he knew that I had saved his brother. Take thou the fee, and tell him what I say, For I repent me that the Duke is slain.


FIRST MURDERER. So do not I. Go, coward as thou art. Well, I'll go hide the body in some hole Till that the Duke give order for his burial. And when I have my meed, I will away, For this will out, and then I must not stay.


SCENE I. London. A Room in the palace


Enter King Edward, sick, Queen Elizabeth, Dorset, Rivers, Hastings, Buckingham, Grey and others.


KING EDWARD. Why, so. Now have I done a good day's work. You peers, continue this united league. I every day expect an embassage From my Redeemer, to redeem me hence; And more at peace my soul shall part to heaven Since I have made my friends at peace on earth. Rivers and Hastings, take each other's hand; Dissemble not your hatred. Swear your love.


RIVERS. By heaven, my soul is purged from grudging hate, And with my hand I seal my true heart's love.


HASTINGS. So thrive I, as I truly swear the like.


KING EDWARD. Take heed you dally not before your King, Lest He that is the supreme King of kings Confound your hidden falsehood, and award Either of you to be the other's end.


HASTINGS. So prosper I, as I swear perfect love.


RIVERS. And I, as I love Hastings with my heart.


KING EDWARD. Madam, yourself is not exempt from this; Nor you, son Dorset; Buckingham, nor you. You have been factious one against the other. Wife, love Lord Hastings, let him kiss your hand, And what you do, do it unfeignedly.


QUEEN ELIZABETH. There, Hastings, I will never more remember Our former hatred, so thrive I and mine.


KING EDWARD. Dorset, embrace him; Hastings, love lord Marquess.


DORSET. This interchange of love, I here protest, Upon my part shall be inviolable.


HASTINGS. And so swear I.


[They embrace.]


KING EDWARD. Now, princely Buckingham, seal thou this league With thy embracements to my wife's allies, And make me happy in your unity.


BUCKINGHAM. Whenever Buckingham doth turn his hate Upon your Grace, but with all duteous love Doth cherish you and yours, God punish me With hate in those where I expect most love. When I have most need to employ a friend, And most assured that he is a friend, Deep, hollow, treacherous, and full of guile Be he unto me: this do I beg of God, When I am cold in love to you or yours.


KING EDWARD. A pleasing cordial, princely Buckingham, Is this thy vow unto my sickly heart. There wanteth now our brother Gloucester here, To make the blessed period of this peace.


BUCKINGHAM. And in good time, Here comes Sir Ratcliffe and the Duke.


Enter Ratcliffe and Richard.


RICHARD. Good morrow to my sovereign King and Queen; And, princely peers, a happy time of day.


KING EDWARD. Happy indeed, as we have spent the day. Gloucester, we have done deeds of charity, Made peace of enmity, fair love of hate, Between these swelling wrong-incensed peers.


RICHARD. A blessed labour, my most sovereign lord, Among this princely heap, if any here By false intelligence or wrong surmise Hold me a foe, If I unwittingly, or in my rage, Have aught committed that is hardly borne By any in this presence, I desire To reconcile me to his friendly peace. 'Tis death to me to be at enmity; I hate it, and desire all good men's love. First, madam, I entreat true peace of you, Which I will purchase with my duteous service; Of you, my noble cousin Buckingham, If ever any grudge were lodged between us; Of you and you, Lord Rivers and of Dorset, That all without desert have frowned on me; Of you, Lord Woodville and Lord Scales;—of you, Dukes, earls, lords, gentlemen; indeed, of all. I do not know that Englishman alive With whom my soul is any jot at odds More than the infant that is born tonight. I thank my God for my humility.


QUEEN ELIZABETH. A holy day shall this be kept hereafter. I would to God all strifes were well compounded. My sovereign lord, I do beseech your Highness To take our brother Clarence to your grace.


RICHARD. Why, madam, have I offered love for this, To be so flouted in this royal presence? Who knows not that the gentle Duke is dead?


[They all start.]


You do him injury to scorn his corse.


KING EDWARD. Who knows not he is dead! Who knows he is?


QUEEN ELIZABETH. All-seeing heaven, what a world is this!


BUCKINGHAM. Look I so pale, Lord Dorset, as the rest?


DORSET. Ay, my good lord, and no man in the presence But his red colour hath forsook his cheeks.


KING EDWARD. Is Clarence dead? The order was reversed.


RICHARD. But he, poor man, by your first order died, And that a winged Mercury did bear; Some tardy cripple bore the countermand, That came too lag to see him buried. God grant that some, less noble and less loyal, Nearer in bloody thoughts, and not in blood, Deserve not worse than wretched Clarence did, And yet go current from suspicion!


Enter Stanley Earl of Derby.


STANLEY. A boon, my sovereign, for my service done!


KING EDWARD. I prithee, peace. My soul is full of sorrow.


STANLEY. I will not rise unless your Highness hear me.


KING EDWARD. Then say at once what is it thou requests.


STANLEY. The forfeit, sovereign, of my servant's life Who slew today a riotous gentleman Lately attendant on the Duke of Norfolk.


KING EDWARD. Have I a tongue to doom my brother's death, And shall that tongue give pardon to a slave? My brother killed no man; his fault was thought, And yet his punishment was bitter death. Who sued to me for him? Who, in my wrath, Kneeled at my feet, and bid me be advised? Who spoke of brotherhood? Who spoke of love? Who told me how the poor soul did forsake The mighty Warwick, and did fight for me? Who told me, in the field at Tewksbury, When Oxford had me down, he rescued me, And said, "Dear brother, live, and be a king"? Who told me, when we both lay in the field Frozen almost to death, how he did lap me Even in his garments, and did give himself, All thin and naked, to the numb-cold night? All this from my remembrance brutish wrath Sinfully plucked, and not a man of you Had so much grace to put it in my mind. But when your carters or your waiting vassals Have done a drunken slaughter, and defaced The precious image of our dear Redeemer, You straight are on your knees for pardon, pardon, And I, unjustly too, must grant it you. But for my brother not a man would speak, Nor I, ungracious, speak unto myself For him, poor soul. The proudest of you all Have been beholding to him in his life, Yet none of you would once beg for his life. O God, I fear Thy justice will take hold On me, and you, and mine and yours for this! Come, Hastings, help me to my closet. Ah, poor Clarence!


[Exeunt some with King and Queen.]


RICHARD. This is the fruit of rashness. Marked you not How that the guilty kindred of the Queen Looked pale when they did hear of Clarence' death? O, they did urge it still unto the King. God will revenge it. Come, lords, will you go To comfort Edward with our company?


BUCKINGHAM. We wait upon your Grace.


SCENE II. Another Room in the palace


Enter the old Duchess of York with the two Children of Clarence.


BOY. Good grandam, tell us, is our father dead?


DUCHESS. No, boy.


GIRL. Why do you weep so oft, and beat your breast, And cry "O Clarence, my unhappy son"?


BOY. Why do you look on us, and shake your head, And call us orphans, wretches, castaways, If that our noble father were alive?


DUCHESS. My pretty cousins, you mistake me both. I do lament the sickness of the King, As loath to lose him, not your father's death. It were lost sorrow to wail one that's lost.


BOY. Then you conclude, my grandam, he is dead. The King mine uncle is to blame for it. God will revenge it, whom I will importune With earnest prayers all to that effect.


GIRL. And so will I.


DUCHESS. Peace, children, peace. The King doth love you well. Incapable and shallow innocents, You cannot guess who caused your father's death.


BOY. Grandam, we can, for my good uncle Gloucester Told me, the King, provoked to it by the Queen, Devised impeachments to imprison him; And when my uncle told me so, he wept, And pitied me, and kindly kissed my cheek; Bade me rely on him as on my father, And he would love me dearly as his child.


DUCHESS. Ah, that deceit should steal such gentle shape, And with a virtuous visard hide deep vice! He is my son, ay, and therein my shame; Yet from my dugs he drew not this deceit.


BOY. Think you my uncle did dissemble, grandam?


BOY. I cannot think it. Hark, what noise is this?


Enter Queen Elizabeth with her hair about her ears, Rivers and Dorset after her.


QUEEN ELIZABETH. Ah, who shall hinder me to wail and weep, To chide my fortune, and torment myself? I'll join with black despair against my soul And to myself become an enemy.


DUCHESS. What means this scene of rude impatience?


QUEEN ELIZABETH. To make an act of tragic violence. Edward, my lord, thy son, our King, is dead. Why grow the branches when the root is gone? Why wither not the leaves that want their sap? If you will live, lament; if die, be brief, That our swift-winged souls may catch the King's Or, like obedient subjects, follow him To his new kingdom of ne'er-changing night.


DUCHESS. Ah, so much interest have I in thy sorrow As I had title in thy noble husband. I have bewept a worthy husband's death, And lived by looking on his images; But now two mirrors of his princely semblance Are cracked in pieces by malignant death, And I, for comfort, have but one false glass, That grieves me when I see my shame in him. Thou art a widow, yet thou art a mother, And hast the comfort of thy children left; But death hath snatched my husband from mine arms And plucked two crutches from my feeble hands, Clarence and Edward. O, what cause have I, Thine being but a moiety of my moan, To overgo thy woes and drown thy cries.


BOY. Ah, aunt, you wept not for our father's death. How can we aid you with our kindred tears?


GIRL. Our fatherless distress was left unmoaned. Your widow-dolour likewise be unwept!


QUEEN ELIZABETH. Give me no help in lamentation. I am not barren to bring forth complaints. All springs reduce their currents to mine eyes, That I, being governed by the watery moon, May send forth plenteous tears to drown the world. Ah, for my husband, for my dear Lord Edward!


CHILDREN. Ah for our father, for our dear Lord Clarence!


DUCHESS. Alas for both, both mine, Edward and Clarence!


QUEEN ELIZABETH. What stay had I but Edward? And he's gone.


CHILDREN. What stay had we but Clarence? And he's gone.


DUCHESS. What stays had I but they? And they are gone.


QUEEN ELIZABETH. Was never widow had so dear a loss.


CHILDREN. Were never orphans had so dear a loss.


DUCHESS. Was never mother had so dear a loss. Alas, I am the mother of these griefs. Their woes are parcelled, mine is general. She for an Edward weeps, and so do I; I for a Clarence weep, so doth not she; These babes for Clarence weep, and so do I; I for an Edward weep, so do not they. Alas, you three, on me, threefold distressed, Pour all your tears. I am your sorrow's nurse, And I will pamper it with lamentation.


DORSET. Comfort, dear mother. God is much displeased That you take with unthankfulness His doing. In common worldly things 'tis called ungrateful With dull unwillingness to repay a debt Which with a bounteous hand was kindly lent; Much more to be thus opposite with heaven, For it requires the royal debt it lent you.


RIVERS. Madam, bethink you, like a careful mother, Of the young prince your son. Send straight for him; Let him be crowned; in him your comfort lives. Drown desperate sorrow in dead Edward's grave, And plant your joys in living Edward's throne.


Enter Richard, Buckingham, Stanley Earl of Derby, Hastings and Ratcliffe.


RICHARD. Sister, have comfort. All of us have cause To wail the dimming of our shining star, But none can help our harms by wailing them. Madam my mother, I do cry you mercy; I did not see your Grace. Humbly on my knee I crave your blessing.


DUCHESS. God bless thee, and put meekness in thy breast, Love, charity, obedience, and true duty.


RICHARD. Amen. [Aside.] And make me die a good old man! That is the butt end of a mother's blessing; I marvel that her Grace did leave it out.


BUCKINGHAM. You cloudy princes and heart-sorrowing peers That bear this heavy mutual load of moan, Now cheer each other in each other's love. Though we have spent our harvest of this king, We are to reap the harvest of his son. The broken rancour of your high-swoll'n hates, But lately splintered, knit, and joined together, Must gently be preserved, cherished, and kept. Me seemeth good that with some little train, Forthwith from Ludlow the young Prince be fet Hither to London, to be crowned our King.


RIVERS. Why with some little train, my Lord of Buckingham?


BUCKINGHAM. Marry, my lord, lest by a multitude The new-healed wound of malice should break out, Which would be so much the more dangerous By how much the estate is green and yet ungoverned. Where every horse bears his commanding rein And may direct his course as please himself, As well the fear of harm as harm apparent, In my opinion, ought to be prevented.


RICHARD. I hope the King made peace with all of us; And the compact is firm and true in me.


RIVERS. And so in me, and so, I think, in all. Yet since it is but green, it should be put To no apparent likelihood of breach, Which haply by much company might be urged. Therefore I say with noble Buckingham That it is meet so few should fetch the Prince.


RICHARD. Then be it so, and go we to determine Who they shall be that straight shall post to Ludlow. Madam, and you, my sister, will you go To give your censures in this business?


[Exeunt all but Buckingham and Richard.]


BUCKINGHAM. My lord, whoever journeys to the Prince, For God's sake, let not us two stay at home. For by the way I'll sort occasion, As index to the story we late talked of, To part the Queen's proud kindred from the Prince.


RICHARD. My other self, my counsel's consistory, My oracle, my prophet, my dear cousin, I, as a child, will go by thy direction. Toward Ludlow then, for we'll not stay behind.


SCENE III. London. A street


Enter one Citizen at one door, and Another at the other.


FIRST CITIZEN. Good morrow, neighbour, whither away so fast?


SECOND CITIZEN. I promise you, I scarcely know myself. Hear you the news abroad?


FIRST CITIZEN. Yes, that the King is dead.


SECOND CITIZEN. Ill news, by'r Lady; seldom comes the better. I fear, I fear 'twill prove a giddy world.


Enter another Citizen.


THIRD CITIZEN. Neighbours, God speed.


FIRST CITIZEN. Give you good morrow, sir.


THIRD CITIZEN. Doth the news hold of good King Edward's death?


SECOND CITIZEN. Ay, sir, it is too true, God help the while.


THIRD CITIZEN. Then, masters, look to see a troublous world.


FIRST CITIZEN. No, no; by God's good grace, his son shall reign.


THIRD CITIZEN. Woe to that land that's governed by a child.


SECOND CITIZEN. In him there is a hope of government, Which, in his nonage, council under him, And, in his full and ripened years, himself, No doubt shall then, and till then, govern well.


FIRST CITIZEN. So stood the state when Henry the Sixth Was crowned in Paris but at nine months old.


THIRD CITIZEN. Stood the state so? No, no, good friends, God wot. For then this land was famously enriched With politic grave counsel; then the King Had virtuous uncles to protect his Grace.


FIRST CITIZEN. Why, so hath this, both by his father and mother.


THIRD CITIZEN. Better it were they all came by his father, Or by his father there were none at all, For emulation who shall now be nearest Will touch us all too near, if God prevent not. O, full of danger is the Duke of Gloucester, And the Queen's sons and brothers haught and proud; And were they to be ruled, and not to rule, This sickly land might solace as before.


FIRST CITIZEN. Come, come, we fear the worst; all will be well.


THIRD CITIZEN. When clouds are seen, wise men put on their cloaks; When great leaves fall, then winter is at hand; When the sun sets, who doth not look for night? Untimely storms make men expect a dearth. All may be well; but, if God sort it so, 'Tis more than we deserve or I expect.


SECOND CITIZEN. Truly, the hearts of men are full of fear. You cannot reason almost with a man That looks not heavily and full of dread.


THIRD CITIZEN. Before the days of change, still is it so. By a divine instinct men's minds mistrust Ensuing danger, as by proof we see The water swell before a boist'rous storm. But leave it all to God. Whither away?


SECOND CITIZEN. Marry, we were sent for to the Justices.


THIRD CITIZEN. And so was I. I'll bear you company.


SCENE IV. London. A Room in the Palace


Enter the Archbishop of York, the young Duke of York, Queen Elizabeth and the Duchess of York.


ARCHBISHOP. Last night, I hear, they lay at Stony Stratford, And at Northampton they do rest tonight. Tomorrow or next day they will be here.


DUCHESS. I long with all my heart to see the Prince. I hope he is much grown since last I saw him.


QUEEN ELIZABETH. But I hear no; they say my son of York Has almost overta'en him in his growth.


YORK. Ay, mother, but I would not have it so.


DUCHESS. Why, my good cousin? It is good to grow.


YORK. Grandam, one night as we did sit at supper, My uncle Rivers talked how I did grow More than my brother. "Ay," quoth my uncle Gloucester, "Small herbs have grace; great weeds do grow apace." And since, methinks I would not grow so fast, Because sweet flowers are slow and weeds make haste.


DUCHESS. Good faith, good faith, the saying did not hold In him that did object the same to thee! He was the wretched'st thing when he was young, So long a-growing and so leisurely, That if his rule were true, he should be gracious.


ARCHBISHOP. And so no doubt he is, my gracious madam.


DUCHESS. I hope he is, but yet let mothers doubt.


YORK. Now, by my troth, if I had been remembered, I could have given my uncle's Grace a flout To touch his growth nearer than he touched mine.


DUCHESS. How, my young York? I prithee let me hear it.


YORK. Marry, they say my uncle grew so fast That he could gnaw a crust at two hours old. 'Twas full two years ere I could get a tooth. Grandam, this would have been a biting jest.


DUCHESS. I prithee, pretty York, who told thee this?


YORK. Grandam, his nurse.


DUCHESS. His nurse? Why she was dead ere thou wast born.


YORK. If 'twere not she, I cannot tell who told me.


QUEEN ELIZABETH. A parlous boy! Go to, you are too shrewd.


DUCHESS. Good madam, be not angry with the child.


QUEEN ELIZABETH. Pitchers have ears.


ARCHBISHOP. Here comes a messenger. What news?


MESSENGER. Such news, my lord, as grieves me to report.


QUEEN ELIZABETH. How doth the Prince?


MESSENGER. Well, madam, and in health.


DUCHESS. What is thy news?


MESSENGER. Lord Rivers and Lord Grey are sent to Pomfret, And, with them Sir Thomas Vaughan, prisoners.


DUCHESS. Who hath committed them?


MESSENGER. The mighty Dukes, Gloucester and Buckingham.


ARCHBISHOP. For what offence?


MESSENGER. The sum of all I can, I have disclosed. Why or for what the nobles were committed Is all unknown to me, my gracious lord.


QUEEN ELIZABETH. Ah me! I see the ruin of my house. The tiger now hath seized the gentle hind; Insulting tyranny begins to jut Upon the innocent and aweless throne. Welcome, destruction, blood, and massacre; I see, as in a map, the end of all.


DUCHESS. Accursed and unquiet wrangling days, How many of you have mine eyes beheld? My husband lost his life to get the crown, And often up and down my sons were tossed For me to joy and weep their gain and loss. And being seated, and domestic broils Clean over-blown, themselves, the conquerors Make war upon themselves, brother to brother, Blood to blood, self against self. O, preposterous And frantic outrage, end thy damned spleen, Or let me die, to look on earth no more.


QUEEN ELIZABETH. Come, come, my boy. We will to sanctuary. Madam, farewell.


DUCHESS. Stay, I will go with you.


ARCHBISHOP. [To the Queen.] My gracious lady, go, And thither bear your treasure and your goods. For my part, I'll resign unto your Grace The seal I keep; and so betide to me As well I tender you and all of yours. Go, I'll conduct you to the sanctuary.


The trumpets sound. Enter young Prince Edward, Richard, Buckingham, Cardinal Bourchier, Catesby and others.


BUCKINGHAM. Welcome, sweet Prince, to London, to your chamber.


RICHARD. Welcome, dear cousin, my thoughts' sovereign. The weary way hath made you melancholy.


PRINCE. No, uncle, but our crosses on the way Have made it tedious, wearisome, and heavy. I want more uncles here to welcome me.


RICHARD. Sweet prince, the untainted virtue of your years Hath not yet dived into the world's deceit, Nor more can you distinguish of a man Than of his outward show, which, God He knows, Seldom or never jumpeth with the heart. Those uncles which you want were dangerous; Your Grace attended to their sugared words But looked not on the poison of their hearts. God keep you from them, and from such false friends!


PRINCE. God keep me from false friends, but they were none.


RICHARD. My lord, the Mayor of London comes to greet you.


Enter Lord Mayor with Attendants.


MAYOR. God bless your Grace with health and happy days!


PRINCE. I thank you, good my lord, and thank you all. I thought my mother and my brother York Would long ere this have met us on the way. Fie, what a slug is Hastings, that he comes not To tell us whether they will come or no!


BUCKINGHAM. And in good time, here comes the sweating lord.


PRINCE. Welcome, my lord. What, will our mother come?


HASTINGS. On what occasion God He knows, not I, The Queen your mother and your brother York Have taken sanctuary. The tender prince Would fain have come with me to meet your Grace, But by his mother was perforce withheld.


BUCKINGHAM. Fie, what an indirect and peevish course Is this of hers? Lord cardinal, will your Grace Persuade the Queen to send the Duke of York Unto his princely brother presently? If she deny, Lord Hastings, go with him, And from her jealous arms pluck him perforce.


CARDINAL. My Lord of Buckingham, if my weak oratory Can from his mother win the Duke of York, Anon expect him here; but if she be obdurate To mild entreaties, God in heaven forbid We should infringe the holy privilege Of blessed sanctuary! Not for all this land Would I be guilty of so deep a sin.


BUCKINGHAM. You are too senseless-obstinate, my lord, Too ceremonious and traditional. Weigh it but with the grossness of this age, You break not sanctuary in seizing him. The benefit thereof is always granted To those whose dealings have deserved the place And those who have the wit to claim the place. This prince hath neither claimed it nor deserved it And therefore, in mine opinion, cannot have it. Then taking him from thence that is not there, You break no privilege nor charter there. Oft have I heard of sanctuary-men, But sanctuary children, never till now.


CARDINAL. My lord, you shall o'errule my mind for once. Come on, Lord Hastings, will you go with me?


HASTINGS. I go, my lord.


PRINCE. Good lords, make all the speedy haste you may.


[Exeunt Cardinal and Hastings.]


Say, uncle Gloucester, if our brother come, Where shall we sojourn till our coronation?


RICHARD. Where it seems best unto your royal self. If I may counsel you, some day or two Your Highness shall repose you at the Tower, Then where you please and shall be thought most fit For your best health and recreation.


PRINCE. I do not like the Tower, of any place. Did Julius Caesar build that place, my lord?


BUCKINGHAM. He did, my gracious lord, begin that place, Which, since, succeeding ages have re-edified.


PRINCE. Is it upon record, or else reported Successively from age to age, he built it?


BUCKINGHAM. Upon record, my gracious lord.


PRINCE. But say, my lord, it were not registered, Methinks the truth should live from age to age, As 'twere retailed to all posterity, Even to the general all-ending day.


RICHARD. [Aside.] So wise so young, they say, do never live long.


PRINCE. What say you, uncle?


RICHARD. I say, without characters, fame lives long. [Aside.] Thus, like the formal Vice, Iniquity, I moralize two meanings in one word.


PRINCE. That Julius Caesar was a famous man. With what his valour did enrich his wit, His wit set down to make his valour live; Death makes no conquest of this conqueror, For now he lives in fame, though not in life. I'll tell you what, my cousin Buckingham.


BUCKINGHAM. What, my gracious lord?


PRINCE. An if I live until I be a man, I'll win our ancient right in France again, Or die a soldier, as I lived a king.


RICHARD. [Aside.] Short summers lightly have a forward spring.


Enter young Duke of York, Hastings and the Cardinal.


BUCKINGHAM. Now, in good time here comes the Duke of York.


PRINCE. Richard of York, how fares our loving brother?


YORK. Well, my dread lord—so must I call you now.


PRINCE. Ay brother, to our grief, as it is yours. Too late he died that might have kept that title, Which by his death hath lost much majesty.


RICHARD. How fares our cousin, noble lord of York?


YORK. I thank you, gentle uncle. O, my lord, You said that idle weeds are fast in growth. The Prince my brother hath outgrown me far.


RICHARD. He hath, my lord.


YORK. And therefore is he idle?


RICHARD. O, my fair cousin, I must not say so.


YORK. Then he is more beholding to you than I.


RICHARD. He may command me as my sovereign, But you have power in me as in a kinsman.


YORK. I pray you, uncle, give me this dagger.


RICHARD. My dagger, little cousin? With all my heart.


PRINCE. A beggar, brother?


YORK. Of my kind uncle, that I know will give, And being but a toy, which is no grief to give.


RICHARD. A greater gift than that I'll give my cousin.


YORK. A greater gift? O, that's the sword to it.


RICHARD. Ay, gentle cousin, were it light enough.


YORK. O, then I see you will part but with light gifts; In weightier things you'll say a beggar nay.


RICHARD. It is too heavy for your Grace to wear.


YORK. I weigh it lightly, were it heavier.


RICHARD. What, would you have my weapon, little lord?


YORK. I would, that I might thank you as you call me.


RICHARD. How?


YORK. Little.


PRINCE. My lord of York will still be cross in talk. Uncle, your Grace knows how to bear with him.


YORK. You mean, to bear me, not to bear with me. Uncle, my brother mocks both you and me. Because that I am little, like an ape, He thinks that you should bear me on your shoulders.


BUCKINGHAM. With what a sharp-provided wit he reasons! To mitigate the scorn he gives his uncle, He prettily and aptly taunts himself. So cunning and so young is wonderful.


RICHARD. My lord, wil't please you pass along? Myself and my good cousin Buckingham Will to your mother, to entreat of her To meet you at the Tower and welcome you.


YORK. What, will you go unto the Tower, my lord?


PRINCE. My Lord Protector needs will have it so.


YORK. I shall not sleep in quiet at the Tower.


RICHARD. Why, what should you fear?


YORK. Marry, my uncle Clarence' angry ghost. My grandam told me he was murdered there.


RICHARD. Nor none that live, I hope.


PRINCE. An if they live, I hope I need not fear. But come, my lord. With a heavy heart, Thinking on them, go I unto the Tower.


[A Sennet. Exeunt Prince Edward, York, Hastings, Dorset and all but Richard, Buckingham and Catesby.]


BUCKINGHAM. Think you, my lord, this little prating York Was not incensed by his subtle mother To taunt and scorn you thus opprobriously?


RICHARD. No doubt, no doubt. O, 'tis a parlous boy, Bold, quick, ingenious, forward, capable. He is all the mother's, from the top to toe.


BUCKINGHAM. Well, let them rest. Come hither, Catesby. Thou art sworn as deeply to effect what we intend As closely to conceal what we impart. Thou know'st our reasons urged upon the way. What think'st thou? Is it not an easy matter To make William Lord Hastings of our mind For the instalment of this noble Duke In the seat royal of this famous isle?


CATESBY. He for his father's sake so loves the Prince That he will not be won to aught against him.


BUCKINGHAM. What think'st thou then of Stanley? Will not he?


CATESBY. He will do all in all as Hastings doth.


BUCKINGHAM. Well then, no more but this: go, gentle Catesby, And, as it were far off, sound thou Lord Hastings How he doth stand affected to our purpose, And summon him tomorrow to the Tower To sit about the coronation. If thou dost find him tractable to us, Encourage him, and tell him all our reasons. If he be leaden, icy, cold, unwilling, Be thou so too, and so break off the talk, And give us notice of his inclination; For we tomorrow hold divided councils, Wherein thyself shalt highly be employed.


RICHARD. Commend me to Lord William. Tell him, Catesby, His ancient knot of dangerous adversaries Tomorrow are let blood at Pomfret Castle, And bid my lord, for joy of this good news, Give Mistress Shore one gentle kiss the more.


BUCKINGHAM. Good Catesby, go effect this business soundly.


CATESBY. My good lords both, with all the heed I can.


RICHARD. Shall we hear from you, Catesby, ere we sleep?


CATESBY. You shall, my lord.


RICHARD. At Crosby Place, there shall you find us both.


[Exit Catesby.]


BUCKINGHAM. Now, my lord, what shall we do if we perceive Lord Hastings will not yield to our complots?


RICHARD. Chop off his head, man; somewhat we will do. And look when I am king, claim thou of me The earldom of Hereford, and all the movables Whereof the King my brother was possessed.


BUCKINGHAM. I'll claim that promise at your Grace's hand.


RICHARD. And look to have it yielded with all kindness. Come, let us sup betimes, that afterwards We may digest our complots in some form.


SCENE II. Before Lord Hastings' house


Enter a Messenger to the door of Hastings.


MESSENGER. My lord, my lord!


HASTINGS. [Within.] Who knocks?


MESSENGER. One from the Lord Stanley.


HASTINGS. [Within.] What is't o'clock?


MESSENGER. Upon the stroke of four.


HASTINGS. Cannot my Lord Stanley sleep these tedious nights?


MESSENGER. So it appears by that I have to say. First, he commends him to your noble self.


HASTINGS. What then?


MESSENGER. Then certifies your lordship that this night He dreamt the boar had razed off his helm. Besides, he says there are two councils kept, And that may be determined at the one Which may make you and him to rue at th' other. Therefore he sends to know your lordship's pleasure, If you will presently take horse with him And with all speed post with him toward the north, To shun the danger that his soul divines.


HASTINGS. Go, fellow, go. Return unto thy lord; Bid him not fear the separated council. His honour and myself are at the one, And at the other is my good friend Catesby, Where nothing can proceed that toucheth us Whereof I shall not have intelligence. Tell him his fears are shallow, without instance. And for his dreams, I wonder he's so simple To trust the mockery of unquiet slumbers. To fly the boar before the boar pursues Were to incense the boar to follow us, And make pursuit where he did mean no chase. Go, bid thy master rise and come to me, And we will both together to the Tower, Where he shall see the boar will use us kindly.


MESSENGER. I'll go, my lord, and tell him what you say.


CATESBY. Many good morrows to my noble lord.


HASTINGS. Good morrow, Catesby; you are early stirring. What news, what news in this our tott'ring state?


CATESBY. It is a reeling world indeed, my lord, And I believe will never stand upright Till Richard wear the garland of the realm.


HASTINGS. How, wear the garland? Dost thou mean the crown?


HASTINGS. I'll have this crown of mine cut from my shoulders Before I'll see the crown so foul misplaced. But canst thou guess that he doth aim at it?


CATESBY. Ay, on my life, and hopes to find you forward Upon his party for the gain thereof; And thereupon he sends you this good news, That this same very day your enemies, The kindred of the Queen, must die at Pomfret.


HASTINGS. Indeed, I am no mourner for that news, Because they have been still my adversaries. But that I'll give my voice on Richard's side To bar my master's heirs in true descent, God knows I will not do it, to the death.


CATESBY. God keep your lordship in that gracious mind.


HASTINGS. But I shall laugh at this a twelve-month hence, That they which brought me in my master's hate, I live to look upon their tragedy. Well, Catesby, ere a fortnight make me older I'll send some packing that yet think not on't.


CATESBY. 'Tis a vile thing to die, my gracious lord, When men are unprepared and look not for it.


HASTINGS. O monstrous, monstrous! And so falls it out With Rivers, Vaughan, Grey; and so 'twill do With some men else that think themselves as safe As thou and I, who, as thou know'st, are dear To princely Richard and to Buckingham.


CATESBY. The Princes both make high account of you— [Aside.] For they account his head upon the Bridge.


HASTINGS. I know they do, and I have well deserved it.


Come on, come on. Where is your boar-spear, man? Fear you the boar, and go so unprovided?


STANLEY. My lord, good morrow; good morrow, Catesby. You may jest on, but, by the Holy Rood, I do not like these several councils, I.


HASTINGS. My lord, I hold my life as dear as you do yours, And never in my days, I do protest, Was it so precious to me as 'tis now. Think you, but that I know our state secure, I would be so triumphant as I am?


STANLEY. The lords at Pomfret, when they rode from London, Were jocund and supposed their states were sure, And they indeed had no cause to mistrust; But yet you see how soon the day o'ercast. This sudden stab of rancour I misdoubt; Pray God, I say, I prove a needless coward. What, shall we toward the Tower? The day is spent.


HASTINGS. Come, come. Have with you. Wot you what, my lord? Today the lords you talked of are beheaded.


STANLEY. They, for their truth, might better wear their heads Than some that have accused them wear their hats. But come, my lord, let's away.


HASTINGS. Go on before; I'll talk with this good fellow.


[Exeunt Stanley and Catesby.]


How now, sirrah? How goes the world with thee?


PURSUIVANT. The better that your lordship please to ask.


HASTINGS. I tell thee, man, 'tis better with me now Than when thou met'st me last where now we meet. Then was I going prisoner to the Tower, By the suggestion of the Queen's allies. But now, I tell thee—keep it to thyself— This day those enemies are put to death, And I in better state than e'er I was.


PURSUIVANT. God hold it, to your honour's good content!


HASTINGS. Gramercy, fellow. There, drink that for me.


[Throws him his purse.]


PURSUIVANT. I thank your honour.


PRIEST. Well met, my lord; I am glad to see your honour.


HASTINGS. I thank thee, good Sir John, with all my heart. I am in your debt for your last exercise. Come the next sabbath, and I will content you.


PRIEST. I'll wait upon your lordship.


BUCKINGHAM. What, talking with a priest, Lord Chamberlain? Your friends at Pomfret, they do need the priest; Your honour hath no shriving work in hand.


HASTINGS. Good faith, and when I met this holy man, The men you talk of came into my mind. What, go you toward the Tower?


BUCKINGHAM. I do, my lord, but long I cannot stay there. I shall return before your lordship thence.


HASTINGS. Nay, like enough, for I stay dinner there.


BUCKINGHAM. [Aside.] And supper too, although thou knowest it not. Come, will you go?


HASTINGS. I'll wait upon your lordship.


SCENE III. Pomfret. Before the Castle


Enter Sir Richard Ratcliffe, with Halberds, carrying the nobles Rivers, Grey and Vaughan to death at Pomfret.


RIVERS. Sir Richard Ratcliffe, let me tell thee this: Today shalt thou behold a subject die For truth, for duty, and for loyalty.


GREY. God bless the Prince from all the pack of you! A knot you are of damned bloodsuckers.


VAUGHAN You live that shall cry woe for this hereafter.


RATCLIFFE Dispatch. The limit of your lives is out.


RIVERS. O Pomfret, Pomfret! O thou bloody prison, Fatal and ominous to noble peers! Within the guilty closure of thy walls Richard the Second here was hacked to death; And, for more slander to thy dismal seat, We give to thee our guiltless blood to drink.


GREY. Now Margaret's curse is fall'n upon our heads, When she exclaimed on Hastings, you, and I, For standing by when Richard stabbed her son.


RIVERS. Then cursed she Richard, then cursed she Buckingham, Then cursed she Hastings. O, remember, God, To hear her prayer for them, as now for us! And for my sister and her princely sons, Be satisfied, dear God, with our true blood, Which, as thou know'st, unjustly must be spilt.


RATCLIFFE. Make haste. The hour of death is expiate.


RIVERS. Come, Grey, come, Vaughan, let us here embrace. Farewell, until we meet again in heaven.


Enter Buckingham, Stanley Earl of Derby, Hastings, the Bishop of Ely, Norfolk, Ratcliffe, Lovell with others, at a table.


HASTINGS. Now, noble peers, the cause why we are met Is to determine of the coronation. In God's name speak. When is the royal day?


BUCKINGHAM. Is all things ready for that royal time?


STANLEY. It is, and wants but nomination.


ELY. Tomorrow, then, I judge a happy day.


BUCKINGHAM. Who knows the Lord Protector's mind herein? Who is most inward with the noble Duke?


ELY. Your Grace, we think, should soonest know his mind.


BUCKINGHAM. We know each other's faces; for our hearts, He knows no more of mine than I of yours, Or I of his, my lord, than you of mine. Lord Hastings, you and he are near in love.


HASTINGS. I thank his Grace, I know he loves me well; But for his purpose in the coronation I have not sounded him, nor he delivered His gracious pleasure any way therein. But you, my honourable lords, may name the time, And in the Duke's behalf I'll give my voice, Which I presume he'll take in gentle part.


ELY. In happy time, here comes the Duke himself.


RICHARD. My noble lords and cousins all, good morrow. I have been long a sleeper; but I trust My absence doth neglect no great design Which by my presence might have been concluded.


BUCKINGHAM. Had you not come upon your cue, my lord, William Lord Hastings had pronounced your part— I mean your voice for crowning of the King.


RICHARD. Than my Lord Hastings no man might be bolder. His lordship knows me well and loves me well. My lord of Ely, when I was last in Holborn I saw good strawberries in your garden there; I do beseech you, send for some of them.


ELY. Marry, and will, my lord, with all my heart.


RICHARD. Cousin of Buckingham, a word with you.


[They move aside.]


Catesby hath sounded Hastings in our business, And finds the testy gentleman so hot That he will lose his head ere give consent His master's child, as worshipfully he terms it, Shall lose the royalty of England's throne.


STANLEY. We have not yet set down this day of triumph. Tomorrow, in my judgement, is too sudden, For I myself am not so well provided As else I would be, were the day prolonged.


Enter Bishop of Ely.


ELY. Where is my lord the Duke of Gloucester? I have sent for these strawberries.


HASTINGS. His Grace looks cheerfully and smooth this morning. There's some conceit or other likes him well When that he bids good morrow with such spirit. I think there's never a man in Christendom Can lesser hide his love or hate than he, For by his face straight shall you know his heart.


STANLEY. What of his heart perceive you in his face By any livelihood he showed today?


HASTINGS. Marry, that with no man here he is offended, For were he, he had shown it in his looks.


RICHARD. I pray you all, tell me what they deserve That do conspire my death with devilish plots Of damned witchcraft, and that have prevailed Upon my body with their hellish charms?


HASTINGS. The tender love I bear your Grace, my lord, Makes me most forward in this princely presence To doom th' offenders, whosoe'er they be. I say, my lord, they have deserved death.


RICHARD. Then be your eyes the witness of their evil. Look how I am bewitched! Behold, mine arm Is like a blasted sapling withered up! And this is Edward's wife, that monstrous witch, Consorted with that harlot, strumpet Shore, That by their witchcraft thus have marked me.


HASTINGS. If they have done this deed, my noble lord—


RICHARD. If? Thou protector of this damned strumpet, Talk'st thou to me of "ifs"? Thou art a traitor. Off with his head! Now by Saint Paul I swear I will not dine until I see the same. Lovell and Ratcliffe, look that it be done. The rest that love me, rise and follow me.


[Exeunt all but Lovell and Ratcliffe with the Lord Hastings.]


HASTINGS. Woe, woe, for England! Not a whit for me, For I, too fond, might have prevented this. Stanley did dream the boar did raze his helm, And I did scorn it and disdain to fly. Three times today my foot-cloth horse did stumble, And started when he looked upon the Tower, As loath to bear me to the slaughter-house. O, now I need the priest that spake to me; I now repent I told the pursuivant, As too triumphing, how mine enemies Today at Pomfret bloodily were butchered, And I myself secure in grace and favour. O Margaret, Margaret, now thy heavy curse Is lighted on poor Hastings' wretched head.


RATCLIFFE. Come, come, dispatch. The Duke would be at dinner: Make a short shrift. He longs to see your head.


HASTINGS. O momentary grace of mortal men, Which we more hunt for than the grace of God! Who builds his hope in air of your good looks Lives like a drunken sailor on a mast, Ready with every nod to tumble down Into the fatal bowels of the deep.


LOVELL. Come, come, dispatch. 'Tis bootless to exclaim.


HASTINGS. O bloody Richard! Miserable England, I prophesy the fearfull'st time to thee That ever wretched age hath looked upon. Come, lead me to the block. Bear him my head. They smile at me who shortly shall be dead.


SCENE V. London. The Tower Walls


Enter Richard and Buckingham in rotten armour, marvellous ill-favoured.


RICHARD. Come, cousin, canst thou quake and change thy colour, Murder thy breath in middle of a word, And then again begin, and stop again, As if thou were distraught and mad with terror?


BUCKINGHAM. Tut, I can counterfeit the deep tragedian; Speak, and look back, and pry on every side, Tremble and start at wagging of a straw, Intending deep suspicion. Ghastly looks Are at my service, like enforced smiles, And both are ready in their offices, At anytime to grace my stratagems. But what, is Catesby gone?


RICHARD. He is; and, see, he brings the Mayor along.


Enter the Lord Mayor and Catesby.


BUCKINGHAM. Lord Mayor—


RICHARD. Look to the drawbridge there!


RICHARD. Catesby, o'erlook the walls.


BUCKINGHAM. Lord Mayor, the reason we have sent—


BUCKINGHAM. God and our innocence defend and guard us!


Enter Lovell and Ratcliffe with Hastings' head.


RICHARD. Be patient, they are friends, Ratcliffe and Lovell.


LOVELL. Here is the head of that ignoble traitor, The dangerous and unsuspected Hastings.


RICHARD. So dear I loved the man that I must weep. I took him for the plainest harmless creature That breathed upon the earth a Christian; Made him my book, wherein my soul recorded The history of all her secret thoughts. So smooth he daubed his vice with show of virtue That, his apparent open guilt omitted— I mean his conversation with Shore's wife— He lived from all attainder of suspects.


BUCKINGHAM. Well, well, he was the covert'st sheltered traitor That ever lived.— Would you imagine, or almost believe, Were't not that by great preservation We live to tell it, that the subtle traitor This day had plotted, in the council-house, To murder me and my good lord of Gloucester?


MAYOR. Had he done so?


RICHARD. What, think you we are Turks or Infidels? Or that we would, against the form of law, Proceed thus rashly in the villain's death, But that the extreme peril of the case, The peace of England, and our persons' safety, Enforced us to this execution?


MAYOR. Now, fair befall you! He deserved his death, And your good Graces both have well proceeded, To warn false traitors from the like attempts.


BUCKINGHAM. I never looked for better at his hands After he once fell in with Mistress Shore. Yet had we not determined he should die Until your lordship came to see his end Which now the loving haste of these our friends, Something against our meanings, have prevented, Because, my lord, we would have had you heard The traitor speak, and timorously confess The manner and the purpose of his treasons, That you might well have signified the same Unto the citizens, who haply may Misconster us in him, and wail his death.


MAYOR. But, my good lord, your Grace's word shall serve As well as I had seen and heard him speak; And do not doubt, right noble princes both, But I'll acquaint our duteous citizens With all your just proceedings in this case.


RICHARD. And to that end we wished your lordship here, T' avoid the censures of the carping world.