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3,972,929 | Hypnotherapy as a treatment for enuresis. | Edwards S D SD, van der Spuy H I HI | Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines . Vol. 26, No. 1, 1985 Jan | The main objective of this study was to provide an adequately controlled experimental and clinical study to assess the efficacy of hypnotherapy in the treatment of nocturnal enuresis. Subjects were 48 nocturnal enuretic boys, aged 8-13 yr. Treatment consisted of six standardized sessions, one hourly session per subject... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3972929/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Comparative Study",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial"
] | 3972929 |
3,972,954 | Systematic bias in recording the history in patients with chest pain. | Hickam D H DH, Sox H C HC, Sox C H CH | Journal of chronic diseases . Vol. 38, No. 1, 1985 | Because of its central importance in medical diagnosis, sources of bias in the patient history must be identified. We report here a study of interobserver agreement in chest pain histories. Histories were obtained by physicians, nurse practitioners, and self-administered questionnaires. We used a discriminant rule to c... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3972954/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S."
] | 3972954 |
3,973,042 | Meaning of the Repression-Sensitization scale: defensive style or self-report of symptoms of psychopathology. | Budd E C EC, Clopton J R JR | Journal of clinical psychology . Vol. 41, No. 1, 1985 Jan | Two studies were conducted to test the hypothesis that the Repression-Sensitization (R-S) scale assesses self-reported symptoms of psychopathology. In Study 1, 42 subjects were assigned randomly to groups that received differing instructions on the extent to which they should report experiencing distress and reveal per... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3973042/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial"
] | 3973042 |
3,973,067 | Amitriptyline in the treatment of anorexia nervosa: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. | Biederman J J, Herzog D B DB, Rivinus T M TM, Harper G P GP, Ferber R A RA, Rosenbaum J F JF, Harmatz J S JS, Tondorf R R, Orsulak P J PJ, Schildkraut J J JJ | Journal of clinical psychopharmacology . Vol. 5, No. 1, 1985 Feb | The tricyclic antidepressant drug amitriptyline was evaluated as a short-term treatment of anorexia nervosa patients. In a 5-week double-blind, placebo-controlled study 11 patients were given amitriptyline and 14 received placebo. In addition, 18 patients who refused to participate in the drug trial and received only p... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3973067/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Controlled Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
] | 3973067 |
3,973,246 | A comparison of the effects of child management and planned activities training in five parenting environments. | Sanders M R MR, Christensen A P AP | Journal of abnormal child psychology . Vol. 13, No. 1, 1985 Mar | This study compared the effects of two procedures designed to enhance the extratraining effects of behavioral parent training. Twenty parents of oppositional children were randomly assigned to either a child management training condition or a combined child management plus planned activities condition. A further 10 non... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3973246/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Comparative Study",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"
] | 3973246 |
3,973,293 | Value of two-dimensional echocardiography in evaluating coronary artery disease: a randomized blinded analysis. | Chen Y Z YZ, Sherrid M V MV, Dwyer E M EM | Journal of the American College of Cardiology . Vol. 5, No. 4, 1985 Apr | Two-dimensional echocardiography at rest was used to analyze segmental wall motion abnormalities for detecting coronary artery disease in patients with and without a history of myocardial infarction. One hundred twenty-five echocardiograms were analyzed in a randomized, blinded fashion. They were obtained from 55 conse... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3973293/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial"
] | 3973293 |
3,973,309 | Evaluation of immediate adverse reactions to foods in adult patients. I. Correlation of demographic, laboratory, and prick skin test data with response to controlled oral food challenge. | Atkins F M FM, Steinberg S S SS, Metcalfe D D DD | The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology . Vol. 75, No. 3, 1985 Mar | Forty-five adult patients, referred to here as the index population, with a history of immediate adverse reactions after food ingestion were evaluated by history, physical examination, laboratory studies, and skin testing. Fifty-six percent of these patients reported adverse reactions to only one food, whereas 84% of t... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3973309/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial"
] | 3973309 |
3,973,310 | Evaluation of immediate adverse reactions to foods in adult patients. II. A detailed analysis of reaction patterns during oral food challenge. | Atkins F M FM, Steinberg S S SS, Metcalfe D D DD | The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology . Vol. 75, No. 3, 1985 Mar | Eighty-three oral food challenges were performed on 25 patients with a history of immediate adverse reaction to foods. Seventy-one food challenges were performed in 24 patients, whereas 12 placebos were administered to nine patients. Of the 71 food challenges observed, 12 were positive in 10 patients. All challenges wi... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3973310/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Controlled Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article"
] | 3973310 |
3,973,383 | Antibody response and persistence in volunteers following immunization with varying dosages of a trivalent surface antigen influenza virus vaccine. | Jennings R R, Smith T L TL, Mellersh A R AR, Clark A A, Spencer R C RC, Potter C W CW | The Journal of hygiene . Vol. 94, No. 1, 1985 Feb | The serum antibody responses and 50% protective levels (PL50) of antibody were determined, using the SRH test, at one and twelve months post-vaccination in a group of student volunteers immunized with one of three dosages of a trivalent surface-antigen influenza virus vaccine, or with placebo. It was found that, for th... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3973383/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Controlled Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article"
] | 3973383 |
3,973,648 | Treatment of locally unresectable cancer of the stomach and pancreas: a randomized comparison of 5-fluorouracil alone with radiation plus concurrent and maintenance 5-fluorouracil--an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group study. | Klaassen D J DJ, MacIntyre J M JM, Catton G E GE, Engstrom P F PF, Moertel C G CG | Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology . Vol. 3, No. 3, 1985 Mar | One hundred ninety-one patients with pathologically confirmed, locally unresectable adenocarcinoma of the stomach (57 patients) and pancreas (91 patients), were randomly allocated to therapy with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) alone, 600 mg/m2 intravenously (IV) once weekly, or radiation therapy, 4,000 rad, plus adjuvant 5-FU, ... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3973648/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Comparative Study",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
] | 3973648 |
3,973,786 | Effective short-term diazepam prophylaxis in febrile convulsions. | Knudsen F U FU | The Journal of pediatrics . Vol. 106, No. 3, 1985 Mar | The efficacy of short-term diazepam prophylaxis in febrile convulsions was evaluated in a prospective, controlled study. A total of 289 consecutive children admitted with their first febrile seizure were randomized into two groups. One group received short-term prophylaxis for 18 months with rectally administered diaze... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3973786/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"
] | 3973786 |
3,974,051 | Assessment of double-blindness at the conclusion of the beta-Blocker Heart Attack Trial. | Byington R P RP, Curb J D JD, Mattson M E ME | JAMA . Vol. 253, No. 12 | At the conclusion of a double-blinded, randomized clinical trial of propranolol hydrochloride, but before unblinding, the patients and clinic personnel were asked to guess the treatment group assignment of each patient. While 79.9% of the patients receiving propranolol correctly identified their treatment group assignm... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3974051/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
] | 3974051 |
3,974,097 | Comparison of the acute cardiopulmonary effects of oral albuterol, metaproterenol, and terbutaline in asthmatics. | Wolfe J D JD, Yamate M M, Biedermann A A AA, Chu T J TJ | JAMA . Vol. 253, No. 14, 1985 Apr 12 | The acute cardiopulmonary effects of oral albuterol, 4 mg, metaproterenol sulfate, 20 mg, and terbutaline sulfate, 5 mg, were compared over eight hours in 20 moderate to severe asthmatics. The magnitude and time course of bronchodilation following albuterol and terbutaline were comparable. Albuterol and terbutaline had... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3974097/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Comparative Study",
"Controlled Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article"
] | 3974097 |
3,974,116 | Thermodilution cardiac output measurement. Effects of the respiratory cycle on its reproducibility. | Stevens J H JH, Raffin T A TA, Mihm F G FG, Rosenthal M H MH, Stetz C W CW | JAMA . Vol. 253, No. 15, 1985 Apr 19 | Thermodilution cardiac output measurements are commonly employed in the management of critically ill patients. Serial measurements often show significant variation, and poor reproducibility limits their clinical utility. There are no clinical studies revealing when to perform thermodilution cardiac output measurements ... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3974116/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Comparative Study",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"
] | 3974116 |
3,974,451 | The effects of exercise and weight loss on plasma lipids in young obese men. | Sopko G G, Leon A S AS, Jacobs D R DR, Foster N N, Moy J J, Kuba K K, Anderson J T JT, Casal D D, McNally C C, Frantz I I | Metabolism: clinical and experimental . Vol. 34, No. 3, 1985 Mar | We studied the independent and combined effects of exercise training and weight loss on blood lipids under fixed diet and exercise conditions. Twenty-one obese sedentary men were randomly allocated to one of four treatment groups: (1) inactive and constant weight (control), (2) exercise training and constant weight, (3... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3974451/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Comparative Study",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
] | 3974451 |
3,974,797 | Theophylline affects sleep-wake state development in premature infants. | Thoman E B EB, Davis D H DH, Raye J R JR, Philipps A F AF, Rowe J C JC, Denenberg V H VH | Neuropediatrics . Vol. 16, No. 1, 1985 Feb | This study investigated the prolonged effects on state behavior of theophylline administered to infants for apnea of prematurity. There were three groups: Four premature infants who had received theophylline in the preterm period, five premature infants who had not received theophylline, and twenty-eight normal fullter... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3974797/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Controlled Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
] | 3974797 |
3,974,889 | Chronic progressive multiple sclerosis: double-blind controlled study of plasmapheresis in patients taking immunosuppressive drugs. | Khatri B O BO, McQuillen M P MP, Harrington G J GJ, Schmoll D D, Hoffmann R G RG | Neurology . Vol. 35, No. 3, 1985 Mar | Fifty-four patients with chronic progressive multiple sclerosis received prednisone plus oral low-dose cyclophosphamide and either true plasmapheresis (PP) or "sham" PP weekly for 20 weeks in a double-blind controlled study. Immunosuppressive drug therapy alone (sham PP group, n = 29) was associated with improvement (g... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3974889/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Controlled Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"
] | 3974889 |
3,975,045 | An analysis of visual performance with soft contact lens and spectacle correction. | Tomlinson A A, Mann G G | Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) . Vol. 5, No. 1, 1985 | This study compares, under controlled conditions and by rigorous statistical analysis, the contrast sensitivity function (CSF) measured with soft-lens and spectacle correction, attempting to resolve the conflicting reports in the literature. Ten non-astigmatic ametropic subjects had the CSF measured at eight spatial fr... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3975045/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Comparative Study",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial"
] | 3975045 |
3,975,120 | Bilirubin photoisomerization in premature neonates under low- and high-dose phototherapy. | Costarino A T AT, Ennever J F JF, Baumgart S S, Speck W T WT, Paul M M, Polin R A RA | Pediatrics . Vol. 75, No. 3, 1985 Mar | Photoisomerization of native bilirubin to more polar configurational isomers (Z,E-bilirubin) and structural isomers (lumirubin) was studied in 20 premature infants with physiologic jaundice to determine the effect of low-dose (6 microW/cm2/nm) v high-dose (12 microW/cm2/nm) phototherapy. Patients were assigned prospect... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3975120/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Controlled Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
] | 3975120 |
3,975,255 | Minimization of gastric damage with enteric-coated aspirin granules compared to buffered aspirin. | Anslow J A JA, Balm T K TK, Hooper J W JW, Szego P P, Wagner G S GS | Pharmacology . Vol. 30, No. 1, 1985 | This study involved a randomized parallel groups comparison of the effects of aspirin formulated as enteric-coated granules (25 subjects) or as buffered tablets (26 subjects) with that of a lactose placebo (5 subjects), on the gastric and duodenal mucosa, as determined by endoscopic examination 2 h after a fasting sing... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3975255/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Comparative Study",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial"
] | 3975255 |
3,975,326 | Menstrual cycle symptomatology: the role of social expectancy and experimental demand characteristics. | AuBuchon P G PG, Calhoun K S KS | Psychosomatic medicine . Vol. 47, No. 1 | The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of experimental demand characteristics and social expectancies on the report and experience of presumed menstrual cycle-related moods and symptoms. Participating in the study were 18 healthy women with regular menstrual cycles who were randomly assigned to either a g... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3975326/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial"
] | 3975326 |
3,975,430 | Effect of a hydantoin prostaglandin analogue, BW245C, during oral dosing in man. | Al-Sinawi L A LA, Mekki Q A QA, Hassan S S, Hedges A A, Burke C C, Moody S G SG, O'Grady J J | Prostaglandins . Vol. 29, No. 1, 1985 Jan | Following an open pilot study, the effects of repeated oral doses of BW245C, a hydantoin prostaglandin analogue, were studied in man. Six healthy volunteers received 150 micrograms BW245C or placebo 6-hourly for 5 days according to a double blind randomised balanced design with 7 days interval between treatments. Measu... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3975430/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Comparative Study",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial"
] | 3975430 |
3,975,451 | Alcohol use and cognitive functioning in men and women college students. | Hannon R R, Butler C P CP, Day C L CL, Khan S A SA, Quitoriano L A LA, Butler A M AM, Meredith L A LA | Recent developments in alcoholism : an official publication of the American Medical Society on Alcoholism, the Research Society on Alcoholism, and the National Council on Alcoholism . Vol. 3, 1985 | Two studies of the relationship between alcohol consumption and cognitive functioning in men and women college students are presented. Study 1 showed several predicted relationships of decreased cognitive performance on various tests with increased quantity of alcohol per occasion and total lifetime consumption in both... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3975451/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial"
] | 3975451 |
3,975,490 | Effect of Zaditen on serum neutrophil chemotactic activity in exercise-induced asthma. | Nagy L L, Orosz M M | Respiration; international review of thoracic diseases . Vol. 47, No. 1, 1985 | Zaditen has a partial blocking effect in exercise-induced asthma, but the mechanism of this effect is unknown. In our study we investigated the effect of Zaditen on one of the mediators released by mast cells. We measured the serum neutrophil chemotactic activity - by using a modified Boyden chamber assay - after 2 wee... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3975490/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Controlled Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article"
] | 3975490 |
3,975,735 | Hepatic trauma: evaluation of routine drainage. | Mullins R J RJ, Stone H H HH, Dunlop W E WE, Strom P R PR | Southern medical journal . Vol. 78, No. 3, 1985 Mar | Routine drainage of liver wounds created by trauma has recently been challenged, prompting a prospective, randomized trial of drainage via a Penrose dam versus no drain in patients having emergency laparotomy for abdominal trauma. We excluded cases in which definite bile leak was noted at operation. Of 167 patients stu... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3975735/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial"
] | 3975735 |
3,975,747 | Primary esophageal motor disorders: clinical response to nifedipine. | Nasrallah S M SM, Tommaso C L CL, Singleton R T RT, Backhaus E A EA | Southern medical journal . Vol. 78, No. 3, 1985 Mar | The effect of nifedipine on esophageal symptoms was evaluated in 20 patients with primary esophageal motor disorders. The patients were randomized to receive nifedipine (10 mg t.i.d.) or placebo for two weeks, and then crossed over to receive the other medication. Ten patients had hypertensive lower esophageal sphincte... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3975747/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial"
] | 3975747 |
3,975,795 | Patency of autogenous saphenous vein versus polytetrafluoroethylene grafts in femoropopliteal bypass for advanced ischemia of the extremity. | Bennion R S RS, Williams R A RA, Stabile B E BE, Fox M A MA, Owens M L ML, Wilson S E SE | Surgery, gynecology & obstetrics . Vol. 160, No. 3, 1985 Mar | Eighty-six femoropopliteal bypass operations were performed for ischemic ulceration, gangrene or rest pain in 77 patients whose mean preoperative ABI was 0.35. In this homogeneous patient sample, we compared prospectively a trial of saphenous vein versus PTFE grafts. During the follow-up period amputations were require... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3975795/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Comparative Study",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial"
] | 3975795 |
3,975,798 | Prophylactic antibiotics and closed tube thoracostomy. | LeBlanc K A KA, Tucker W Y WY | Surgery, gynecology & obstetrics . Vol. 160, No. 3, 1985 Mar | A prospective randomized study of 85 patients who had sustained trauma to the chest requiring closed tube thoracostomy is reported. They were segregated into two groups, one of which did not receive prophylactic cephapirin sodium. Although the series is somewhat abbreviated, it would appear that the use of prophylactic... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3975798/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial"
] | 3975798 |
3,975,851 | Results of multimodality therapy of resectable soft-tissue sarcomas of the retroperitoneum. | Glenn J J, Sindelar W F WF, Kinsella T T, Glatstein E E, Tepper J J, Costa J J, Baker A A, Sugarbaker P P, Brennan M F MF, Seipp C C | Surgery . Vol. 97, No. 3, 1985 Mar | Thirty-seven patients with resectable retroperitoneal sarcomas were studied prospectively to determine the efficacy of aggressive multimodality treatments. No patients was lost to follow-up, which ranged from 11 to 85 months (median 29 months). All patients received radiotherapy and some received postoperative chemothe... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3975851/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial"
] | 3975851 |
3,976,320 | Effects of three anaesthesia methods on haemodynamic responses connected with the use of thigh tourniquet in orthopaedic patients. | Valli H H, Rosenberg P H PH | Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica . Vol. 29, No. 1, 1985 Jan | Haemodynamic changes were studied in 51 patients undergoing orthopaedic surgery of the lower extremity, including exsanguination and thigh tourniquet for longer than 60 min. The patients were randomly divided into three anaesthesia groups: general anaesthesia (including enflurane), epidural anaesthesia (20 ml 0.5% bupi... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3976320/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Comparative Study",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"
] | 3976320 |
3,976,329 | Caudal or dorsal nerve block? A comparison of two local anaesthetic techniques for postoperative analgesia following day case circumcision. | Vater M M, Wandless J J | Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica . Vol. 29, No. 2, 1985 Feb | Fifty boys presenting for day case circumcision were allocated randomly to receive either caudal analgesia or dorsal nerve block (DNB) to provide postoperative pain relief. Analgesia was assessed by a single, unbiased observer utilising a three-point scale. Subsequently, parents completed a simple questionnaire. Subjec... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3976329/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Comparative Study",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial"
] | 3976329 |
3,976,336 | Naloxone does not reverse the pain-reducing effect of vibratory stimulation. | Lundeberg T T | Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica . Vol. 29, No. 2, 1985 Feb | Fifteen patients suffering from chronic epicondylitis pain who obtained alleviation of pain with vibratory stimulation were studied to investigate the possible role of endogenous opioids in the mediation of pain alleviation of vibratory stimulation. The patients' subjective pain intensity was rated using a graphic rati... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3976336/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Controlled Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"
] | 3976336 |
3,976,470 | The influence of exercise training on the ventilatory threshold of patients with coronary heart disease. | Sullivan M M, Ahnve S S, Froelicher V F VF, Meyers J J | American heart journal . Vol. 109, No. 3 Pt 1, 1985 Mar | Out of 156 patients with stable coronary heart disease randomized to either an exercise intervention group or a control group, 41 had complete gas analysis data. Continuous gas exchange data, including the ventilatory threshold, and selected heart rates were determined initially and at 1 year. The mean attendance for t... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3976470/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
] | 3976470 |
3,976,552 | A comparison of two very-low-calorie diets: protein-sparing-modified fast versus protein-formula-liquid diet. | Wadden T A TA, Stunkard A J AJ, Brownell K D KD, Day S C SC | The American journal of clinical nutrition . Vol. 41, No. 3, 1985 Mar | This study investigated the acceptability of two very-low-calorie diets in 16 moderately overweight persons participating in a weight reduction program. Subjects were prescribed a 1000-1200 kcal balanced diet the first month and asked to complete appetite and mood scales on a weekly basis. They were then randomly assig... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3976552/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Comparative Study",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial"
] | 3976552 |
3,976,556 | Serum chromium of human subjects: effects of chromium supplementation and glucose. | Anderson R A RA, Bryden N A NA, Polansky M M MM | The American journal of clinical nutrition . Vol. 41, No. 3, 1985 Mar | Seventy-six adult subjects, 48 males and 28 females, were given placebo or 200 micrograms Cr in the form of chromic chloride in a double-blind crossover study, with 3-month experimental periods, to determine basal serum Cr levels and the effects of Cr supplementation on serum Cr and related variables. Basal serum Cr de... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3976556/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Controlled Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article"
] | 3976556 |
3,976,629 | A method to maintain infant temperature. | Holzman I R IR | American journal of diseases of children (1960) . Vol. 139, No. 4, 1985 Apr | A new insulating material (Thinsulate) was used to provide thermal protection for newborn infants. Infant core temperature was measured as part of a randomized study comparing the efficacy of an insulated bunting, an insulated hat, and routine management. The new bunting was superior in terms of its ability to maintain... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3976629/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"
] | 3976629 |
3,976,636 | Golytely lavage--is metoclopramide necessary? | Brady C E CE, DiPalma J A JA, Pierson W P WP | The American journal of gastroenterology . Vol. 80, No. 3, 1985 Mar | During Golytely cleansing for colonoscopy, two dose forms of oral metoclopramide were evaluated in separate studies for patient tolerance and adequacy of preparation. In study 1, patients were randomized to 10 mg metoclopramide (n = 21) or placebo (n = 27); in study 2, 20 mg metoclopramide (n = 21) was compared to plac... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3976636/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Comparative Study",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial"
] | 3976636 |
3,976,757 | Prevention of premature labor by 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate. | Yemini M M, Borenstein R R, Dreazen E E, Apelman Z Z, Mogilner B M BM, Kessler I I, Lancet M M | American journal of obstetrics and gynecology . Vol. 151, No. 5, 1985 Mar 01 | Eighty pregnant women at high risk of giving birth prematurely were divided randomly into two groups. Treatment with either 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate, 250 mg by intramuscular injection once a week, or a placebo was given in a double-blind fashion. Imminent premature labor occurred in 29.0% of the treated gr... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3976757/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial"
] | 3976757 |
3,976,820 | The effectiveness of verbal versus activity groups in improving self-perceptions of interpersonal communication skills. | DeCarlo J J JJ, Mann W C WC | The American journal of occupational therapy : official publication of the American Occupational Therapy Association . Vol. 39, No. 1, 1985 Jan | This study compares the efficacy of a verbal group with that of an activity group in an occupational therapy clinic during the treatment of interpersonal communication deficits at a psychiatric day treatment center. Outpatients were randomly assigned to the following groups: an experimental group, which received activi... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3976820/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Comparative Study",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial"
] | 3976820 |
3,976,825 | Performance of Japanese and Japanese-American children on the Motor Accuracy-Revised and Design Copying Tests of the Southern California Sensory Integration Tests. | Saeki K K, Clark F A FA, Azen S P SP | The American journal of occupational therapy : official publication of the American Occupational Therapy Association . Vol. 39, No. 2, 1985 Feb | This study investigates whether cultural differences affect childrens' performances on the Design Copying (DC) and Motor Accuracy-Revised (MAC-R) Tests of the Southern California Sensory Integration Tests. The DC and the MAC-R were administered to 98 children who were born in Japan and lived there at least during the f... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3976825/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Comparative Study",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial"
] | 3976825 |
3,976,960 | Epidemiologic evidence and motor vehicle policy making. | Runyan C W CW, Earp J A JA | American journal of public health . Vol. 75, No. 4, 1985 Apr | After being randomly assigned to receive policy effectiveness information expressed as attributable benefit, attributable risk, or relative risk, 318 graduate students were asked to indicate their preferences for the current voluntary seat belt use policy, a mandatory seat belt policy, or mandatory passive restraints. ... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3976960/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"
] | 3976960 |
3,977,064 | Ranitidine prophylaxis before anaesthesia in early pregnancy. | Duffy B L BL, Woodhouse P C PC, Schramm M D MD, Scanlan C M CM | Anaesthesia and intensive care . Vol. 13, No. 1, 1985 Feb | Forty patients presenting for vaginal termination of pregnancy, divided randomly into four groups, received either no medication, sodium citrate 30 ml orally, ranitidine 150 mg orally or ranitidine 50 mg intravenously. During the procedure, gastric contents were removed by orogastric tube for volume and pH measurements... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3977064/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial"
] | 3977064 |
3,977,145 | Effect of antishock trousers on the trauma score: a prospective analysis in the urban setting. | Bickell W H WH, Pepe P E PE, Wyatt C H CH, Dedo W R WR, Applebaum D J DJ, Black C T CT, Mattox K L KL | Annals of emergency medicine . Vol. 14, No. 3, 1985 Mar | This study was designed to determine the effect of military antishock trousers (MAST) use on the presenting emergency center trauma score (TS) in an urban prehospital setting. Sixty-eight patients were assigned randomly to study and control groups in a prospective investigation of the use of MAST on injured patients wi... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3977145/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial"
] | 3977145 |
3,977,198 | Expanding patient involvement in care. Effects on patient outcomes. | Greenfield S S, Kaplan S S, Ware J E JE | Annals of internal medicine . Vol. 102, No. 4, 1985 Apr | An intervention was developed to increase patient involvement in care. Using a treatment algorithm as a guide, patients were helped to read their medical record and coached to ask questions and negotiate medical decisions with their physicians during a 20-minute session before their regularly scheduled visit. In a rand... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3977198/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial"
] | 3977198 |
3,977,334 | Percutaneous absorption of minoxidil in man. | Franz T J TJ | Archives of dermatology . Vol. 121, No. 2, 1985 Feb | The percutaneous absorption and excretion of 1% and 5% solutions of minoxidil labeled with carbon 14 were measured in 12 adult male subjects. These subjects were randomly assigned to the 1% and 5% minoxidil testing groups, and all received nine topical applications to a bald area on the scalp, with the radioactive solu... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3977334/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial"
] | 3977334 |
3,977,401 | Haemoglobin concentration depends on protein intake in small preterm infants fed human milk. | Rönnholm K A KA, Siimes M A MA | Archives of disease in childhood . Vol. 60, No. 2, 1985 Feb | Studies have shown that early anaemia of prematurity cannot be prevented by iron or vitamin supplementation. We studied 35 infants of birthweight less than 1520 g and mean gestational age 30.4 weeks who were fed either human milk alone or human milk supplemented with human milk protein. The vitamin and iron status were... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3977401/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"
] | 3977401 |
3,977,491 | Immune response to a heat-inactivated hepatitis B vaccine in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Enhancement of the response by increasing the dose of hepatitis B surface antigen from 3 to 27 micrograms. | Lelie P N PN, Reesink H W HW, de Jong-van Manen S T ST, Dees P J PJ, Reerink-Brongers E E EE | Archives of internal medicine . Vol. 145, No. 2, 1985 Feb | In a randomized trial, 227 patients undergoing hemodialysis who were seronegative for all markers of hepatitis B virus were immunized at monthly intervals with three doses of either 3 micrograms or 27 micrograms of heat-inactivated hepatitis B HB-vaccine (CLB). Five months after the first injection, 77% of the patients... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3977491/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"
] | 3977491 |
3,977,547 | Evaluating prolactin response to dopamine agonists in schizophrenia. Methodological problems. | Davis B M BM, Davis K L KL, Mohs R C RC, Mathé A A AA, Rothpearl A B AB, Johns C A CA, Levy M I MI, Horvath T B TB | Archives of general psychiatry . Vol. 42, No. 3, 1985 Mar | Serum prolactin (PRL) level was assessed after challenges with apomorphine hydrochloride, saline, dopamine hydrochloride, or levodopa-carbidopa (Sinemet) in 19 control and 38 chronic schizophrenic subjects. Baseline PRL level varied inversely with age. High correlations existed between baseline PRL level and any subseq... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3977547/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Controlled Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
] | 3977547 |
3,977,555 | Ethanol-induced changes in body sway in men at high alcoholism risk. | Schuckit M A MA | Archives of general psychiatry . Vol. 42, No. 4, 1985 Apr | This study measures the amount of body sway or static ataxia in 34 drinking but nonalcoholic men 21 to 25 years of age who have an alcoholic first-degree relative (the family-history-positive, or FHP, group). Results are compared with 34 control subjects matched pairwise on demographic characteristics and drinking hist... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3977555/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Controlled Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
] | 3977555 |
3,977,556 | Opioid regulation of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal function in depression. | Zis A P AP, Haskett R F RF, Albala A A AA, Carroll B J BJ, Lohr N E NE | Archives of general psychiatry . Vol. 42, No. 4, 1985 Apr | A morphine infusion paradigm was used to investigate opioid mechanisms in the regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in depression. The subjects were unmedicated psychiatric inpatients and healthy volunteers. Morphine suppressed cortisol secretion. Early resumption of cortisol secretion was associa... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3977556/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Controlled Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article"
] | 3977556 |
3,977,557 | Clonidine in outpatient detoxification from methadone maintenance. | Kleber H D HD, Riordan C E CE, Rounsaville B B, Kosten T T, Charney D D, Gaspari J J, Hogan I I, O'Connor C C | Archives of general psychiatry . Vol. 42, No. 4, 1985 Apr | Inpatient narcotic detoxification with clonidine hydrochloride has been used since 1978. Outpatient withdrawal, potentially more useful, has not been adequately studied. This report describes a double-blind random assignment of 49 methadone hydrochloride-maintained patients whose dose had been lowered to 20 mg. Twenty-... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3977557/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
] | 3977557 |
3,977,582 | Voluntary vaginal musculature contractions as an enhancer of sexual arousal. | Messé M R MR, Geer J H JH | Archives of sexual behavior . Vol. 14, No. 1, 1985 Feb | In a study of the effects of vaginal musculature contractions (Kegel's exercises) on both subjective and physiological measures of sexual arousal, 30 normal females were randomly assigned to one of three groups. The first group was informed about these exercises and was asked to practice them both during lab sessions a... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3977582/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
] | 3977582 |
3,978,007 | Fentanyl by constant rate i.v. infusion for postoperative analgesia. | Nimmo W S WS, Todd J G JG | British journal of anaesthesia . Vol. 57, No. 3, 1985 Mar | Fentanyl by continuous i.v. infusion (1.5 microgram kg-1 min-1 or 0.5 microgram kg-1 min-1) was compared with placebo infusion as an analgesic regimen for 24 h after hysterectomy. The drugs were infused using a new disposable device which required no external power source. All patients were allowed morphine i.m. if the... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3978007/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial"
] | 3978007 |
3,978,008 | Continuous extradural infusion of 0.0625% or 0.125% bupivacaine for pain relief in primigravid labour. | Li D F DF, Rees G A GA, Rosen M M | British journal of anaesthesia . Vol. 57, No. 3, 1985 Mar | The efficacy of an extradural infusion of 0.0625% or 0.125% bupivacaine was studied in 98 primigravid mothers in active labour. No special measures were taken to posture the mother (except to avoid aorto-caval compression). The study regimen included a control group (no infusion) receiving intermittent top-ups (0.25%. ... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3978008/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Comparative Study",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial"
] | 3978008 |
3,978,009 | Buprenorphine-supplemented anaesthesia. Influence of dose on duration of analgesia after cholecystectomy. | Obel D D, Hansen L K LK, Hüttel M S MS, Andersen P K PK | British journal of anaesthesia . Vol. 57, No. 3, 1985 Mar | Fifty-one patients undergoing cholecystectomy received a single dose of buprenorphine 4.5-12 micrograms kg-1 at induction. Median duration of analgesia after surgery was 6 h. Multiple regression analysis showed the duration of analgesia to be slightly dependent on the age of the patient. No relationship was found betwe... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3978009/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial"
] | 3978009 |
3,978,010 | Fentanyl and bupivacaine mixtures for extradural blockade. | Rucci F S FS, Cardamone M M, Migliori P P | British journal of anaesthesia . Vol. 57, No. 3, 1985 Mar | In a prospective double-blind study, single dose lumbar extradural blockade was instituted in 80 healthy male patients undergoing lower abdominal surgery. Patients were assigned randomly to one of four groups. Each group received treatment with 0.5% bupivacaine 20 ml containing adrenaline 1:200 000. To this solution wa... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3978010/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial"
] | 3978010 |
3,978,012 | Subarachnoid blockade and total hip replacement. Effect of ephedrine on intraoperative blood loss. | Thorburn J J | British journal of anaesthesia . Vol. 57, No. 3, 1985 Mar | Thirty-eight patients undergoing total hip replacement under subarachnoid blockade were allocated randomly to one of two groups. Following institution of the blockade, patients in group A received ephedrine i.v. to maintain the systolic arterial pressure at, or above 100 mm Hg. Patients in group B were managed in an id... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3978012/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial"
] | 3978012 |
3,978,014 | Clinical study of a lignocaine-prilocaine cream to relieve the pain of venepuncture. | Hallén B B, Carlsson P P, Uppfeldt A A | British journal of anaesthesia . Vol. 57, No. 3, 1985 Mar | The efficacy of a topical anaesthetic formulation, EMLA 5% cream (Eutectic Mixture of Local Anaesthetics) in obtunding the pain produced by venepuncture, was determined in a double-blind randomized, cross-over study in 31 adult volunteers. Pain was registered on a 10-cm visual analogue scale. In each subject the mean p... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3978014/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial"
] | 3978014 |
3,978,249 | Nandrolone decanoate added to tamoxifen in the treatment of advanced breast cancer. | Heinonen E E, Alanko A A, Gröhn P P, Rissanen P P | Breast cancer research and treatment . Vol. 5, No. 1, 1985 | Since 1980 we have been carrying out a prospective randomized trial comparing tamoxifen with the combination of tamoxifen plus nandrolone decanoate in advanced breast cancer. The tamoxifen dose is 30 mg daily and the nandrolone decanoate dose 100 mg i.m. once a week for four weeks and thereafter every other week. 98 po... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3978249/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"
] | 3978249 |
3,978,356 | The recognition of tachistoscopically presented words, varying in imagery, part of speech and word frequency, in the left and right visual fields. | Jackman M K MK | British journal of psychology (London, England : 1953) . Vol. 76 ( Pt 1), 1985 Feb | Previous research has shown conflicting findings when subjects have performed some task involving words varying in imagery, part of speech (nouns versus verbs) and word frequency presented to the left and right visual fields. This problem was investigated in the present paper. In the first investigation, a group of sub... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3978356/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"
] | 3978356 |
3,978,827 | Variation in osmoregulation of arginine vasopressin during the human menstrual cycle. | Spruce B A BA, Baylis P H PH, Burd J J, Watson M J MJ | Clinical endocrinology . Vol. 22, No. 1, 1985 Jan | Osmoregulation of vasopressin secretion was studied in eight healthy women in the follicular and luteal phases of the menstrual cycle. Basal plasma osmolality in the luteal phase was significantly lower than in the follicular period (282.4 +/- 0.6, 285.6 +/- 1.1mmol/kg, respectively, P less than 0.05). Plasma AVP (pAVP... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3978827/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"
] | 3978827 |
3,978,996 | Acceleration of digoxin clearance by activated charcoal. | Lalonde R L RL, Deshpande R R, Hamilton P P PP, McLean W M WM, Greenway D C DC | Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics . Vol. 37, No. 4, 1985 Apr | The effect of repeated oral doses of activated charcoal on intravenous digoxin kinetics was evaluated in a randomized, crossover study. Ten healthy subjects received infusions of 10 micrograms/kg digoxin alone and with 225 gm activated charcoal over 40 hours. Multiple serum digoxin concentration determinations were mad... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3978996/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"
] | 3978996 |
3,979,000 | Dazoxiben in human sepsis and adult respiratory distress syndrome. | Reines H D HD, Halushka P V PV, Olanoff L S LS, Hunt P S PS | Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics . Vol. 37, No. 4, 1985 Apr | Levels of thromboxane B2 (TxB2), the stable metabolite of thromboxane A2, are elevated in human and experimental septic shock. The thromboxane synthetase inhibitor dazoxiben has improved survival and decreased pulmonary hypertension in experimental endotoxemia. A randomized prospective study of 10 patients with the cli... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3979000/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
] | 3979000 |
3,979,007 | Reduction of serum theophylline levels by terbutaline in children with asthma. | Danziger Y Y, Garty M M, Volwitz B B, Ilfeld D D, Varsano I I, Rosenfeld J B JB | Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics . Vol. 37, No. 4, 1985 Apr | We studied the effect of oral terbutaline on serum theophylline levels in 12 children with asthma. Sustained-release theophylline (10 mg/kg twice a day) was given with placebo or terbutaline (0.075 mg/kg three times a day) in a chronic, randomized, double-blind, crossover design. The trough serum theophylline concentra... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3979007/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial"
] | 3979007 |
3,979,013 | Changes in plasma catecholamines in response to reflex modulation of sympathetic vasoconstrictor tone by cardiopulmonary receptors. | Grassi G G, Gavazzi C C, Cesura A M AM, Picotti G B GB, Mancia G G | Clinical science (London, England : 1979) . Vol. 68, No. 5, 1985 May | The effects of selective deactivation and stimulation of cardiopulmonary receptors on plasma noradrenaline (radioenzymatic method) were studied in nine normotensive subjects by reducing and increasing central venous pressure for 20 min via lower body suction and leg-raising manoeuvres that did not alter arterial blood ... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3979013/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Controlled Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"
] | 3979013 |
3,979,225 | The effect of glucagon and glucagon 1-21 on anal sphincter function. | Pedersen I K IK, Christiansen J J | Diseases of the colon and rectum . Vol. 28, No. 4, 1985 Apr | Resting anal sphincter pressure and rectoanal reflex were studied in six healthy volunteers after administration of placebo, glucagon, and glucagon 1-21. Glucagon resulted in a marked but short-lived early decrease in resting anal pressure, whereas the 1-21 fragment of the glucagon molecule had no effect. Further inves... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3979225/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Controlled Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article"
] | 3979225 |
3,979,238 | Comparison of cimetidine and ranitidine on 24-hour intragastric acidity and serum gastrin profile in patients with esophagitis. | Mahachai V V, Walker K K, Thomson A B AB, Zuk L L, Kirdeikis P P, Fisher D D, Brunet K K | Digestive diseases and sciences . Vol. 30, No. 4, 1985 Apr | Twenty-four-hour intragastric pH and serum gastrin profiles were monitored in six male asymptomatic patients who previously were found to have esophagitis on endoscopy and biopsy. They received cimetidine 300 mg qid (C), ranitidine 150 mg bid (R), or placebo (P) for one week each, utilizing the Latin-square design. The... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3979238/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Comparative Study",
"Controlled Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"
] | 3979238 |
3,979,476 | Treatment of malignant pleural effusions with intrapleural Corynebacterium parvum or tetracycline. | Leahy B C BC, Honeybourne D D, Brear S G SG, Carroll K B KB, Thatcher N N, Stretton T B TB | European journal of respiratory diseases . Vol. 66, No. 1, 1985 Jan | Thirty two patients with malignant pleural effusion were randomly allocated to treatment with intrapleural Corynebacterium parvum or tetracycline hydrochloride in an attempt to prevent symptomatic recurrence of pleural fluid. Success in preventing recurrence of fluid at one month, using up to 2 doses of each drug, was ... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3979476/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Comparative Study",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial"
] | 3979476 |
3,979,482 | Effect of naloxone on arterial gases in chronically obstructed patients with acute respiratory failure. | Montserrat J M JM, Ballester E E, Sopeña J J JJ, Picado C C | European journal of respiratory diseases . Vol. 66, No. 1, 1985 Jan | In a randomized double-blind design 10 patients with decompensated COPD received intravenous naloxone (2 mg) and placebo. Arterial gases were monitored at 15, 30 and 60 min. No significant changes were observed in pCO2 after naloxone as compared to placebo. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3979482/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial"
] | 3979482 |
3,979,485 | Relieving dyspnea with an inexpensive and simple method in patients with severe chronic airflow limitation. | Falk P P, Eriksen A M AM, Kølliker K K, Andersen J B JB | European journal of respiratory diseases . Vol. 66, No. 3, 1985 Mar | The effect of inspiratory resistive breathing training using a simple apparatus was tested in 27 optimally medicated consecutive outpatients with severe chronic airflow limitation, randomly assigned to a test and a control group. Patients trained in their homes for up to 10 min thrice daily and increments in resistance... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3979485/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Comparative Study",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial"
] | 3979485 |
3,979,577 | Hot flashes in postmenopausal women ameliorated by danazol. | Foster G V GV, Zacur H A HA, Rock J A JA | Fertility and sterility . Vol. 43, No. 3, 1985 Mar | Six postmenopausal women with hot flashes were studed for two 8-week periods during which they received low-dose danazol (100 mg/24 hours) for one time interval and placebo for the other in a randomized double-blind manner. The patients recorded the number and severity of their hot flashes daily. On the last day of eac... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3979577/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"
] | 3979577 |
3,979,676 | Prevention of stress-induced upper gastrointestinal bleeding by cimetidine in patients on assisted ventilation. | van den Berg B B, van Blankenstein M M | Digestion . Vol. 31, No. 1, 1985 | A double-blind controlled trial was conducted in which the efficacy of cimetidine in a dosage of 20 mg/kg/24 h in preventing upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage was tested in 34 critically ill patients on assisted ventilation. In 28 patients, 14 on cimetidine and 14 on placebo, gastric pH measurements and blood loss meas... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3979676/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Controlled Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article"
] | 3979676 |
3,979,761 | Explosion-safe, enema-free, nutritious colonoscopy preparation using a prepackaged formula diet. | Kruss D M DM, DeBartolo M M, Livak A P AP, Serlovsky R R | Gastrointestinal endoscopy . Vol. 31, No. 1, 1985 Feb | Breath hydrogen and methane concentrations were normal before morning colonoscopy in 72 ambulatory patients randomly assigned to Ensure or clear liquid diet preparation for 48 hours. Mechanical bowel preparation was equal with each diet using an evening-laxative and morning-enema regimen and with Ensure using two conse... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3979761/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Comparative Study",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"
] | 3979761 |
3,980,055 | Central cardiovascular effects of physostigmine in humans. | Janowsky D S DS, Risch S C SC, Huey L Y LY | Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) . Vol. 7, No. 1 | Central cholinergic control of pulse rate and blood pressure has seldom been studied in humans. In the current study we contrasted the cardiovascular effects of the centrally acting cholinesterase inhibitor physostigmine, which increases central and peripheral acetylcholine levels, with those of saline placebo and with... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3980055/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Controlled Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article"
] | 3980055 |
3,980,061 | Oral load of tyrosine or L-dopa and plasma levels of free and sulfoconjugated catecholamines in healthy men. | Cuche J L JL, Prinseau J J, Selz F F, Ruget G G, Tual J L JL, Reingeissen L L, Devoisin M M, Baglin A A, Guédon J J, Fritel D D | Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) . Vol. 7, No. 1 | The levels of free and sulfoconjugated catecholamines were measured in the plasma of fasting, recumbent normal subjects before and after an oral load of the catecholamine precursors tyrosine or L-dopa. Basal values of sulfoconjugated catecholamines, measured in plasma samples diluted 1:100 were 7998 +/- 540 pg/ml for d... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3980061/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Controlled Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"
] | 3980061 |
3,980,272 | Combination chemo-radiotherapy for residual, recurrent or inoperable carcinoma of the rectum: E.C.O.G. study (EST 3276). | Danjoux C E CE, Gelber R D RD, Catton G E GE, Klaassen D J DJ | International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics . Vol. 11, No. 4, 1985 Apr | Thirty evaluated patients were randomized to either continuous radiation + 5-FU (16 patients), or split-course radiation + 5-FU (14 patients) for the treatment of residual, recurrent, or inoperable carcinoma of the rectum or recto-sigmoid. Twenty-one of these patients received maintenance MeCCNU + 5-FU chemotherapy fol... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3980272/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
] | 3980272 |
3,980,432 | Visual overselectivity: a comparison of two instructional remediation procedures with autistic children. | Hedbring C C, Newsom C C | Journal of autism and developmental disorders . Vol. 15, No. 1, 1985 Mar | The present study compared two classroom-relevant procedures for remediating visual overselectivity in autistic children. One approach was based on perceptual-motor theory in which possible relationships between functional object-use and overselectivity were studied. The second strategy, equivalence training, used a fo... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3980432/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Comparative Study",
"Controlled Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S."
] | 3980432 |
3,980,452 | Anterograde amnesia with oral lorazepam. | Mac D S DS, Kumar R R, Goodwin D W DW | The Journal of clinical psychiatry . Vol. 46, No. 4, 1985 Apr | Twelve healthy volunteers were enrolled in a double-blind placebo-controlled study to evaluate the amnestic effects of orally administered lorazepam. The subjects were tested for immediate and delayed recall, using a word recall memory task. The subjects taking lorazepam did not differ from subjects receiving placebo o... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3980452/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Comparative Study",
"Controlled Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article"
] | 3980452 |
3,980,799 | Psoriasis treatment with suberythemogenic ultraviolet B radiation and a coal tar extract. | Menkes A A, Stern R S RS, Arndt K A KA | Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology . Vol. 12, No. 1 Pt 1, 1985 Jan | Forty-nine patients with plaque-type psoriasis were enrolled in a randomized prospective trial that compared the efficacy of outpatient treatment with suberythemogenic doses of ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation administered with a tar oil to treatment with maximally erythemogenic UVB radiation with emollients. Seventeen pe... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3980799/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Comparative Study",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial"
] | 3980799 |
3,980,803 | Trimethylpsoralen bath plus ultraviolet A combined with oral retinoid (etretinate) in the treatment of severe psoriasis. | Väätäinen N N, Hollmen A A, Fräki J E JE | Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology . Vol. 12, No. 1 Pt 1, 1985 Jan | Twenty five patients with severe and extensive psoriasis were treated with trimethylpsoralen (trioxsalen) bath plus ultraviolet A (bath PUVA) combined with oral retinoid, etretinate (Ro 10-9359). Etretinate was started (1 mg/kg/day) 2 weeks prior to starting the bath PUVA treatment daily. Psoriasis cleared with fifteen... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3980803/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Controlled Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article"
] | 3980803 |
3,980,805 | Group therapy of psoriasis. Duo formula group treatment (DFGT) as an example. | Schulte M B MB, Cormane R H RH, van Dijk E E, Wuite J J | Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology . Vol. 12, No. 1 Pt 1, 1985 Jan | Between 1978 and 1982 an experiment on group treatment for and by psoriasis sufferers was conducted, based on a pyramid of previous investigations since 1968. Each group was facilitated by a duo consisting of a fellow sufferer and a physician, both having trained together. The subjects practiced the procedure described... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3980805/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Controlled Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"
] | 3980805 |
3,980,808 | Management of stasis leg ulcers with Unna's boots versus elastic support stockings. | Hendricks W M WM, Swallow R T RT | Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology . Vol. 12, No. 1 Pt 1, 1985 Jan | Twenty-one patients with stasis leg ulcers were randomly assigned to two groups. The first group was treated with Unna's boots, while the second was treated with elastic support stockings with graded compression from 24 mm/Hg pressure at the ankle to 16 mm/Hg pressure at the calf. The ulcers on seven of ten legs (70%) ... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3980808/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Comparative Study",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial"
] | 3980808 |
3,981,166 | The relationship between serum concentrations and central nervous system actions of metoprolol. | Gengo F M FM, Ermer J C JC, Carey C C, Kalonaros G C GC, McHugh W B WB | Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry . Vol. 48, No. 2, 1985 Feb | The relationship between serum levels of metoprolol, hydroxymetoprolol and changes in psychomotor function as measured by standard reaction time and flash fusion frequency was studied. Blinded subjects were given placebo or 150 mg dose of metoprolol and crossed over on the next study day. Flash fusion frequency, reacti... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3981166/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Controlled Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article"
] | 3981166 |
3,981,321 | Vitamin E status in preterm infants fed human milk or infant formula. | Gross S J SJ, Gabriel E E | The Journal of pediatrics . Vol. 106, No. 4, 1985 Apr | Vitamin E status was assessed in 36 infants with birth weights less than 1500 gm who were assigned randomly to receive one of three sources of nutrition: milk obtained from mothers of preterm infants (preterm milk), mature human milk, or infant formula. Infants in each dietary group were further assigned randomly to re... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3981321/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Comparative Study",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial"
] | 3981321 |
3,981,325 | Effects of sucrose ingestion on the behavior of hyperactive boys. | Wolraich M M, Milich R R, Stumbo P P, Schultz F F | The Journal of pediatrics . Vol. 106, No. 4, 1985 Apr | A challenge design was used in two separate studies to investigate the effects of sucrose ingestion on the behavior and learning of hyperactive boys. In both studies, 16 boys were admitted to a clinical research center for 3 successive days, on each of which they were given a sucrose-free diet. On day 1, baseline level... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3981325/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Comparative Study",
"Controlled Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
] | 3981325 |
3,981,366 | Bilirubin production after supplemental oral vitamin E therapy in preterm infants. | Smith D W DW, Cohen R S RS, Vreman H J HJ, Yeh A A, Sharron S S, Stevenson D K DK | Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition . Vol. 4, No. 1, 1985 Feb | The purpose of this investigation was to determine the influence of early vitamin E supplementation on the rate of heme catabolism (bilirubin production) in healthy preterm infants. Bilirubin production was estimated from the concentration of carbon monoxide in "end-tidal" gas. Serum vitamin E, hemoglobin, and bilirubi... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3981366/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
] | 3981366 |
3,981,394 | The prediction of semantic consistency in self-descriptions: characteristics of persons and of terms that affect the consistency of responses to synonym and antonym pairs. | Goldberg L R LR, Kilkowski J M JM | Journal of personality and social psychology . Vol. 48, No. 1, 1985 Jan | Subjects described themselves, using an alphabetically ordered list of 191 trait adjectives, which included sets of synonyms and antonyms, half of each type more difficult than the other half. Subjects were randomly assigned to one of two experimental conditions. In one condition, each adjective was listed with its dic... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3981394/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
] | 3981394 |
3,981,411 | Steady-state bioavailability of dexbrompheniramine and pseudoephedrine from a repeat-action combination tablet. | Lin C C CC, Kim H K HK, Lim J J, Digiore C C, Symchowicz S S, Gural R R | Journal of pharmaceutical sciences . Vol. 74, No. 1, 1985 Jan | The steady-state bioavailabilities of dexbrompheniramine and pseudoephedrine were evaluated following multiple-dose administrations of a repeat-action combination tablet containing 6 mg of dexbrompheniramine maleate with 120 mg of pseudoephedrine sulfate every 12 h for 7 d compared with reference standards. The referen... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3981411/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial"
] | 3981411 |
3,981,479 | The effects of cognitive task demand on subjective stress and blood glucose levels in diabetics and non-diabetics. | Edwards C C, Yates A J AJ | Journal of psychosomatic research . Vol. 29, No. 1, 1985 | Blood glucose levels (BGLs) and subjective estimate of stress levels (SESLs) were measured repeatedly in 45 min baseline sessions on three successive days in insulin-dependent diabetic and non-diabetic groups. In the diabetic groups the initial level of BG was twice that of the non-diabetic group and BGLs declined stea... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3981479/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Controlled Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"
] | 3981479 |
3,981,482 | Biofeedback, self-control and tension headache. | Abramowitz S I SI, Bell N W NW | Journal of psychosomatic research . Vol. 29, No. 1, 1985 | This research tested the belief that muscle contractions are a primary source of tension headache. EMG level was found to be associated with both headache-specific and more global symptoms following biofeedback training. However, the level of pretreatment relationship between EMG level and headache symptoms was weak, a... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3981482/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial"
] | 3981482 |
3,981,625 | Effects of diazepam (Valium) and trait anxiety on human physical aggression and emotional state. | Wilkinson C J CJ | Journal of behavioral medicine . Vol. 8, No. 1, 1985 Mar | The effects of diazepam (10 mg orally) and trait anxiety on the aggressive behavior of normal male undergraduates were studied in a competitive reaction time task paradigm which entails shock setting with an increasingly provocative "opponent." Diazepam produced an aggression-enhancing effect which was specifically sho... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3981625/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial"
] | 3981625 |
3,981,627 | Are social-psychological smoking prevention programs effective? The Waterloo study. | Flay B R BR, Ryan K B KB, Best J A JA, Brown K S KS, Kersell M W MW, d'Avernas J R JR, Zanna M P MP | Journal of behavioral medicine . Vol. 8, No. 1, 1985 Mar | Recent evaluations of smoking prevention programs have suggested considerable promise for curricula emphasizing resistance of social influences. The present study extends these evaluations by addressing key methodological limitations in previous work. Twenty-two matched schools were randomized to experimental and contr... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3981627/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
] | 3981627 |
3,981,628 | Brief consultation and stress management treatments for drug-dependent insomnia: effects on sleep quality, self-efficacy, and daytime stress. | Kirmil-Gray K K, Eagleston J R JR, Thoresen C E CE, Zarcone V P VP | Journal of behavioral medicine . Vol. 8, No. 1, 1985 Mar | Brief consultation and stress management treatments to help insomniacs withdraw from sleep medication were evaluated with 12 drug-dependent women. The effects of treatment were assessed by all-night home polysomnographic recordings and questionnaires. All 12 subjects succeeded in withdrawing from sleep medication and s... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3981628/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
] | 3981628 |
3,981,952 | The efficacy of quantitative and qualitative chloride titrators in the estimation of human salt intake. | Luft F C FC, Aronoff G R GR, Sloan R S RS, Fineberg N S NS, Miller J Z JZ, Free A H AH | Klinische Wochenschrift . Vol. 63, No. 2, 1985 Jan 15 | We evaluated the utility of chloride titrator sticks for facilitating the assessment of dietary salt intake, in a systematic series of clinical trials. These inexpensive devices were applied daily to 24-h or nocturnal urine specimens, thereby avoiding the inter- and intra-subject variability in salt excretion which con... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3981952/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
] | 3981952 |
3,982,016 | Noninvasive measurement of femoral artery pressure for evaluating aortoiliac occlusive disease. | Brose W G WG, Pierce G E GE | The Journal of surgical research . Vol. 38, No. 3, 1985 Mar | Femoral systolic pressures measured by a compression technique (FSCP), were compared with proximal thigh systolic pressures (PTSP), for evaluation of aortoiliac occlusive disease. In phase I FSCP were measured by compressing the artery with a pressure cuff rolled into a cylinder and using disappearance of the profunda ... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3982016/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Comparative Study",
"Controlled Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S."
] | 3982016 |
3,982,238 | Comparative studies of triacylglycerol structure of very low density lipoproteins and chylomicrons of normolipemic subjects and patients with type II hyperlipoproteinemia. | Myher J J JJ, Kuksis A A, Breckenridge W C WC, McGuire V V, Little J A JA | Lipids . Vol. 20, No. 2, 1985 Feb | The triacylglycerols of very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) and of chylomicrons were analyzed in the fasting and postabsorptive states from normolipemic subjects and patients with Frederickson's Type II hyperlipoproteinemia, who subsisted on free choice diets, standard diets excluding lard, or were given a breakfast e... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3982238/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Comparative Study",
"Controlled Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
] | 3982238 |
3,982,268 | Responses of pre- and post-menopausal females to aerobic conditioning. | Cowan M M MM, Gregory L W LW | Medicine and science in sports and exercise . Vol. 17, No. 1, 1985 Feb | This study sought to determine whether the ability to improve cardiorespiratory endurance and body composition is affected by the menopausal status of females. Twenty premenopausal females and 18 postmenopausal females, ages 35-49 and 47-66 yr, respectively, were randomly assigned to exercise and control groups dependi... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3982268/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Comparative Study",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial"
] | 3982268 |
3,982,273 | Failure of caffeine to affect substrate utilization during prolonged running. | Casal D C DC, Leon A S AS | Medicine and science in sports and exercise . Vol. 17, No. 1, 1985 Feb | Nine sub-3-h male marathoners performed three 45-min monitored treadmill runs at approximately 75% of VO2max during a 2-wk period. The men were assigned in a random, double-blind fashion following the control run to receive either 350 ml of decaffeinated coffee or 350 ml of decaffeinated coffee with 400 mg of caffeine ... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3982273/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
] | 3982273 |
3,982,468 | The western Washington randomized trial of intracoronary streptokinase in acute myocardial infarction. A 12-month follow-up report. | Kennedy J W JW, Ritchie J L JL, Davis K B KB, Stadius M L ML, Maynard C C, Fritz J K JK | The New England journal of medicine . Vol. 312, No. 17, 1985 Apr 25 | After cardiac catheterization and coronary arteriography, 134 patients who had had an acute myocardial infarction were randomly assigned to treatment with intracoronary streptokinase (4000 U per minute, begun approximately 4 1/2 hours after the onset of symptoms, for a total of 286,000 +/- 77,800 U over 72 +/- 24 minut... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3982468/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S."
] | 3982468 |
3,982,576 | Comparison of 1 alpha-OH-vitamin D3 and high doses of calcium carbonate for the control of hyperparathyroidism and hyperaluminemia in patients on maintenance dialysis. | Morinière P P, Fournier A A, Leflon A A, Hervé M M, Sebert J L JL, Grégoire I I, Bataille P P, Guéris J J | Nephron . Vol. 39, No. 4, 1985 | 27 patients on hemodialysis (dialysate aluminium less than 0.7 mumol/l for 2 years, and 2 mumol/l before) whose plasma Ca and PO4 were adequately controlled for already 6 months by high doses of CaCO3 alone (mean +/- SD: 9 +/- 5 g/day), were randomly divided into 2 groups, a control group (c group) which was kept on th... | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3982576/ | [
"Clinical Trial",
"Comparative Study",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"
] | 3982576 |
Subsets and Splits
Publication Types Frequency
Counts the frequency of each publication type, providing insight into the distribution of publication types in the dataset.