title: RCW 28B.10.685

text:
Beginning in 1997, by September 30th of each year, each state university, regional university, state college, and, for community colleges and technical colleges, the state board for community and technical colleges shall provide a report to the office of the superintendent of public instruction, the state board of education, and the commission on student learning under *RCW 28A.630.885. The report shall contain the following information on students who, within three years of graduating from a Washington high school, enrolled the prior year in a state-supported precollege level class at the institution: (1) The number of such students enrolled in a precollege level class in mathematics, reading, grammar, spelling, writing, or English; (2) the types of precollege classes in which each student was enrolled; and (3) the name of the Washington high school from which each student graduated.
For students who enrolled in a precollege class within three years of graduating from a Washington high school, each institution of higher education shall also report to the Washington high school from which the student graduated. The annual report shall include information on the number of students from that high school enrolled in precollege classes, and the types of classes taken by the students.
[ 1995 c 310 s 3.]
Notes:
*Reviser's note: RCW 28A.630.885 was recodified as RCW 28A.655.060 pursuant to 1999 c 388 s 607. RCW 28A.655.060 was subsequently repealed by 2004 c 19 s 206.


doc_type: statute

jurisdiction: wa

title: RCW 28B.10.686

text:
State universities, regional universities, and The Evergreen State College may use multiple measures to determine whether a student must enroll in a precollege course including, but not limited to, placement tests, the SAT, high school transcripts, college transcripts, or initial class performance. Additionally, state universities, regional universities, and The Evergreen State College must post all the available options for course placement on their websites and in their admissions materials.
[ 2015 c 83 s 1.]

license: public-domain-government-work

rule_set: Revised Code of Washington

catchline: Precollege coursework—When required—Use of multiple measures—Posting course placement options.

code: rcw

unit: section

court: Washington State Legislature


title: RCW 28B.10.690

text:
The legislature finds that, in public colleges and universities, improvement is needed in graduation rates and in the length of time required for students to attain their educational objectives. The legislature also finds that public colleges and universities should offer classes in a way that will permit full-time students to complete a degree or certificate program in about the amount of time described in the institution's catalog as necessary to complete that degree or certificate program.
[ 1993 c 414 s 1.]

catchline: Graduation rate improvement—Findings.


title: RCW 28B.10.691

text:
(1) By May 15, 1994, each state institution of higher education, as part of its strategic plan, shall adopt strategies designed to shorten the time required for students to complete a degree or certificate and to improve the graduation rate for all students.
(2) Beginning with the fall 1995-96 academic term, each institution of higher education as defined in RCW 28B.10.016 shall implement the strategies described in subsection (1) of this section.
[ 1993 c 414 s 2.]

catchline: Graduation rate improvement—Strategic plans—Adoption of strategies.


title: RCW 28B.10.693

text:
Each institution of higher education as defined in RCW 28B.10.016 may enter into a student progression understanding with an interested student. The terms of the understanding shall permit a student to obtain a degree or certificate within the standard period of time assumed for a full-time student pursuing that degree or certificate. Usually, the standard amount of time will be about two years for an associate of arts degree and about four years for a baccalaureate degree. Student progression understandings shall not give rise to any cause of action on behalf of any student as a result of the failure of any state institution of higher education to fulfill its obligations under the student progression understanding.
[ 1993 c 414 s 4.]

catchline: Graduation rate improvement—Student progression understandings.


title: RCW 28B.10.695

text:
(1) Each four-year institution of higher education and the state board for community and technical colleges shall develop policies that ensure undergraduate students enrolled in degree or certificate programs complete their programs in a timely manner in order to make the most efficient use of instructional resources and provide capacity within the institution for additional students.
(2) Policies adopted under this section shall address, but not be limited to, undergraduate students in the following circumstances:
(a) Students who accumulate more than one hundred twenty-five percent of the number of credits required to complete their respective baccalaureate or associate degree or certificate programs;
(b) Students who drop more than twenty-five percent of their course load before the grading period for the quarter or semester, which prevents efficient use of instructional resources; and
(c) Students who remain on academic probation for more than one quarter or semester.
(3) Policies adopted under this section may include assessment by the institution of a surcharge in addition to regular tuition and fees to be paid by a student for continued enrollment.
[ 2003 c 407 s 1.]

catchline: Timely completion of degree and certificate programs—Adoption of policies.


title: RCW 28B.10.696

text:
(1) A graduate of a community or technical college in this state who has earned a transferable associate of arts or sciences degree when admitted to a four-year institution of higher education shall have junior standing. A graduate who has earned the direct transfer associate of arts degree will be deemed to have met the lower division general education requirements of the receiving four-year institution of higher education. A graduate who has earned the associate of science transfer degree will be deemed to have met most requirements that prepare the graduate for baccalaureate degree majors in science, technology, engineering, and math and will be required to complete only such additional lower division, general education courses at the receiving four-year institutions of higher education as would have been required to complete the direct transfer associate of arts degree.
(2) A student who has earned the equivalent of ninety quarter credit hours and has completed the general education requirements at that four-year institution of higher education in Washington when admitted to another four-year institution of higher education shall have junior standing and shall be deemed to have met the lower division general education requirements of the institution to which the student transfers.
(3) The community and technical colleges, jointly with the four-year institutions of higher education, must develop a list of academic courses that are equivalent to one-year's worth of general education credit and that would transfer for that purpose to any other two or four-year institution of higher education. If a student completes one-year's worth of general education credits, the student may be issued a one-year academic completion certificate. This certificate shall be accepted at any transferring two or four-year institution of higher education.
(4) Each institution of higher education must develop a minimum of one degree within the arts and sciences disciplines that can be completed within the equivalent of ninety quarter upper-division credits by any student who enters an institution of higher education with junior status and lower division general education requirements completed.
(5) Each four-year institution of higher education must publish a list of recommended courses for each academic major designed to help students who are planning to transfer design their course of study. Publication of the list of courses must be easily identified and accessible on the institution's website.
(6) The requirements to publish a list of recommended courses for each academic major under this section does not apply if an institution does not require courses or majors to meet specific requirements but generally applies credits earned towards degree requirements.
[ 2011 1st sp.s. c 10 s 11.]
Notes:
Findings—Intent—Short title—2011 1st sp.s. c 10: See notes following RCW 28B.15.031.

catchline: Transfer students' credit—List of academic courses equivalent to one year of general education credit—One-year academic completion certificate—Arts and sciences degrees for students entering with junior status—Publication of recommended courses by academic major for transfer students.


title: RCW 28B.10.698

text:
(1) Within existing resources, by January 1, 2023, the school of medicine at the University of Washington, established under chapter 28B.20 RCW, and the school of medicine at Washington State University, established under chapter 28B.30 RCW, shall each develop curriculum on health equity for medical students. The curriculum must teach attitudes, knowledge, and skills that enable students to care effectively for patients from diverse cultures, groups, and communities. The objectives of the curriculum must be to provide tools for eliminating structural racism in health care systems and to build cultural safety. A person may not graduate with a degree from either medical school without completing a course, or courses, that include curriculum on health equity for medical students.
(2) Course topics on health equity may include, but are not limited to:
(a) Strategies for recognizing patterns of health care disparities and eliminating factors that influence them;
(b) Intercultural communication skills training, including how to work effectively with an interpreter and how communication styles differ across cultures;
(c) Historical examples of medical and public health racism and how racism may manifest itself in a student's field of medicine;
(d) Cultural safety training that requires examination of each student's culture and potential impacts on clinical interactions and health care service delivery;
(e) Structural competency training that gives attention to forces influencing health outcomes at levels above individual interactions;
(f) Methods of evaluating health care systems; and
(g) Implicit bias training to identify strategies to reduce bias during assessment and diagnosis.
[ 2021 c 96 s 2.]
Notes:
Finding—Purpose—2021 c 96: "The legislature finds that inequities in health outcomes exist in the state of Washington and that future generations of health care professionals have an important role to play in mitigating these disparate outcomes. Because the schools of medicine at the University of Washington and Washington State University are tasked with the formative role of educating medical professionals, the legislature sees fit to ensure students leaving these institutions are prepared to care effectively for the people of diverse cultures, groups, and communities that will become their patients. By equipping them with the tools to serve diverse communities around our state and our nation, students of medicine will become practitioners of medicine with the knowledge, attitudes, and skills to understand and counteract racism and implicit bias in health care. The purpose of this act is to serve medical students, medical professionals, and patients in communities in which these professionals work, and to undo structural racism in the systems through which they navigate. To that end, this act establishes opportunities for education that provide tools to students of medicine to build a better, more equitable health care system." [ 2021 c 96 s 1.]

catchline: Schools of medicine—Health equity curriculum.


title: RCW 28B.10.699

text:
(1) Within existing resources, by January 1, 2022, the school of medicine at the University of Washington, established under chapter 28B.20 RCW, and the school of medicine at Washington State University, established under chapter 28B.30 RCW, shall each develop a goal focused on increasing the number of underrepresented students at each school of medicine, guided by the state of Washington's need for physicians from diverse racial and ethnic backgrounds and each school's predominant equity goals. In developing the goal, special consideration may be given to students attending the school of medicine at the University of Washington as a part of a regional partnership with other states. Each initial goal shall be set for January 1, 2025.
(2) The school of medicine at the University of Washington and the school of medicine at Washington State University shall report progress towards their goal on an annual basis through their public websites.
[ 2021 c 96 s 3.]
Notes:
Finding—Purpose—2021 c 96: See note following RCW 28B.10.698.

catchline: Schools of medicine—Underrepresented students—Report.


title: RCW 28B.10.700

text:
The *state board for community college education, the boards of trustees of the regional universities and of The Evergreen State College, and the boards of regents of the state universities, with appreciation of the legislature's desire to emphasize physical education courses in their respective institutions, shall provide for the same, being cognizant of legislative guide lines put forth in RCW 28A.230.050 relating to physical education courses in high schools.
[ 1977 ex.s. c 169 s 31; 1969 ex.s. c 223 s 28B.10.700. Prior: 1963 c 235 s 1, part; prior: (i) 1923 c 78 s 1, part; 1919 c 89 s 2, part; RRS s 4683, part. (ii) 1919 c 89 s 5, part; RRS s 4686, part. Formerly RCW 28.05.040, part.]
Notes:
*Reviser's note: The state board for community college education was renamed the state board for community and technical colleges by 1991 c 238 s 30.
Severability—Nomenclature—Savings—1977 ex.s. c 169: See notes following RCW 28B.10.016.

catchline: Physical education in curriculum.


title: RCW 28B.10.703

text:
The governing boards of each of the state universities, the regional universities, The Evergreen State College, and community colleges in addition to their other duties prescribed by law shall have the power and authority to establish programs for intercollegiate athletic competition. Such competition may include participation as a member of an athletic conference or conferences, in accordance with conference rules.
[ 1977 ex.s. c 169 s 32; 1971 ex.s. c 28 s 2.]
Notes:
Severability—Nomenclature—Savings—1977 ex.s. c 169: See notes following RCW 28B.10.016.

catchline: Programs for intercollegiate athletic competition—Authorized.


title: RCW 28B.10.704

text:
Funds used for purposes of providing scholarships or other forms of financial assistance to students in return for participation in intercollegiate athletics in accordance with RCW 28B.10.703 shall include but not be limited to moneys received as contributed or donated funds, or revenues derived from athletic events, including gate receipts and revenues obtained from the licensing of radio and television broadcasts.
Funds used for purposes of providing scholarships or other forms of financial assistance to students in return for participation in curriculum-related activities relating to performing arts shall include but not be limited to moneys received as contributed or donated funds, or revenues derived from performing arts events, including admission receipts and revenues obtained from the licensing of radio and television broadcasts.
[ 1979 ex.s. c 1 s 1; 1973 1st ex.s. c 46 s 9; 1971 ex.s. c 28 s 3.]
Notes:
Severability—1973 1st ex.s. c 46: "If any provision of this 1973 amendatory act, or its application to any person or circumstance is held invalid, the remainder of the act, or the application of the provision to other persons or circumstances is not affected." [ 1973 1st ex.s. c 46 s 11.]

catchline: Funds for assistance of student participants in intercollegiate activities or activities relating to performing arts.


title: RCW 28B.10.708

text:
(1) Institutions of higher education may not prohibit students who are members of a federally recognized tribe from wearing traditional tribal regalia or objects of Native American cultural significance along with or attached to a gown at graduation ceremonies or related events. Institutions of higher education may not require such students to wear a cap if it is incompatible with the regalia or significant object.
(2) Institutions of higher education shall update any relevant policies or procedures in accordance with this section.
(3) For the purposes of this section, "institutions of higher education" has the same meaning as in RCW 28B.10.016.
[ 2020 c 35 s 4.]
Notes:
Intent—Applicability—Short title—Effective date—2020 c 35: See notes following RCW 28A.600.500.

catchline: Graduation ceremonies—Tribal regalia.


title: RCW 28B.10.710

text:
(1)(a) There shall be a one quarter or semester course in either Washington state history and government, or Pacific Northwest history and government in the curriculum of all teacher preparation programs.
(b) No person shall be graduated from any of said programs without completing said course of study, unless otherwise determined by the Washington professional educator standards board.
(2) Any course in Washington state or Pacific Northwest history and government used to fulfill the requirement in subsection (1) of this section shall include information on the culture, history, and government of the American Indian peoples who were the first human inhabitants of the state and the region.
(3) Teacher preparation programs shall meet the requirements of this section by integrating the curriculum developed and made available free of charge by the office of the superintendent of public instruction into existing programs or courses and may modify that curriculum in order to incorporate elements that have a regionally specific focus.
[ 2018 c 144 s 2; 2006 c 263 s 823; 1993 c 77 s 1; 1969 ex.s. c 223 s 28B.10.710. Prior: 1967 c 64 s 1, part; 1963 c 31 s 1, part; 1961 c 47 s 2, part; 1941 c 203 s 1, part; Rem. Supp. 1941 s 4898-3, part. Formerly RCW 28.05.050, part.]
Notes:
Finding—Intent—2018 c 144: "The legislature finds that the 2015 legislature mandated common schools to use the Since Time Immemorial curriculum, developed by the office of the superintendent of public instruction and available free of charge. The legislature recognizes the need to extend the state's commitment to educate students about tribal sovereignty, history, culture, and treaty rights by requiring educator preparation programs to also use the Since Time Immemorial curriculum. The legislature intends the use of the curriculum to improve the understanding of students and educators about the past contributions of Indian nations to the state of Washington and the contemporary and ongoing tribal and state government relations." [ 2018 c 144 s 1.]
Findings—Purpose—Part headings not law—2006 c 263: See notes following RCW 28A.150.230.

catchline: Washington state or Pacific Northwest history in curriculum.


title: RCW 28B.10.730

text:
The governing board of each state four-year institution of higher education shall make information available to all newly matriculated students on methods of transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus and prevention of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. The curricula and materials shall be reviewed for medical accuracy by the office on AIDS in coordination with the appropriate regional AIDS service network.
[ 1988 c 206 s 501.]


title: RCW 28B.10.735

text:
(1) Within existing resources, student identification cards, faculty or staff identification cards, or both, must have printed on either side of the identification cards:
(a) The contact information for a national suicide prevention organization;
(b) The contact information for one or more campus, local, state, or national organizations specializing in suicide prevention, crisis intervention, or counseling, if available; and
(c) The phone number of a regional community-based organization focused on survivors of sexual assault, sexual harassment, and sex-based and gender-based violence that provides 24/7 support.
(2)(a) The requirements in subsection (1)(a) and (b) of this section apply to student identification cards and faculty or staff identification cards issued for the first time and issued to replace a damaged or lost identification card at an institution of higher education as defined in RCW 28B.10.016.
(b) The requirements in subsection (1)(c) of this section apply to student identification cards issued for the first time and issued to replace a damaged or lost identification card at a state university, regional university, and the state college, as defined in RCW 28B.10.016.
[ 2025 c 124 s 2; 2020 c 39 s 3.]
Notes:
Finding—Intent—2020 c 39: See note following RCW 28A.210.400.

catchline: Identification cards—Suicide prevention and sexual misconduct information.


title: RCW 28B.10.776

text:
It is the policy of the state of Washington that the essential requirements level budget calculation for institutions of higher education include enrollment levels necessary to maintain, by educational sector, the participation rate funded in the 1993 fiscal year. The participation rate shall be based on the state's estimated population ages seventeen and above by appropriate age groups.
[ 1993 sp.s. c 15 s 2.]
Notes:
Findings—1993 sp.s. c 15: "The legislature finds that the proportion of the state budget dedicated to postsecondary educational programs has decreased for two decades. At the same time, major technological, economic, and demographic changes have exacerbated the need for improved training and education to maintain a high quality, competitive workforce, and a well-educated populace to meet the challenges of the twenty-first century. Therefore, the legislature finds that there is increasing need for postsecondary educational opportunities for citizens of the state of Washington.
The legislature declares that the policy of the state of Washington shall be to improve the access to, and the quality of, this state's postsecondary educational system. The budgetary policy of the state of Washington shall be to provide a level of protection and commitment to the state's postsecondary educational system commensurate with the responsibility of this state to the educational and professional improvement of its citizens and workforce." [ 1993 sp.s. c 15 s 1.]
Effective date—1993 sp.s. c 15: "This act is necessary for the immediate preservation of the public peace, health, or safety, or support of the state government and its existing public institutions, and shall take effect July 1, 1993." [ 1993 sp.s. c 15 s 10.]

catchline: Budget calculation—Enrollment levels—Participation rate.


title: RCW 28B.10.778

text:
It is the policy of the state of Washington that, for new enrollments provided under RCW 28B.10.776, the essential requirements level budget calculation for those enrollments shall, each biennium, at a minimum, include a funding level per full-time equivalent student that is equal to the rate assumed in the omnibus appropriations act for the last fiscal year of the previous biennium for the instructional, primary support, and library programs, plus an inflation factor. The inflation factor should be equivalent to the inflation factor used to calculate basic education in the common school system budget request submitted by the governor.
[ 1993 sp.s. c 15 s 3.]
Notes:
Findings—Effective date—1993 sp.s. c 15: See notes following RCW 28B.10.776.

catchline: Budget calculation—New enrollments—Funding level—Inflation factor.


title: RCW 28B.10.780

text:
It is the policy of the state of Washington that the essential requirements level budget calculation for state institutions of higher education include a funding level per full-time equivalent student that is, each biennium, at a minimum, equal to the general fund—state and tuition fund rate per student assumed in the omnibus appropriations act for the last fiscal year of the previous biennium for the state-funded programs, minus one-time expenditures and plus an inflation factor. The inflation factor should be equivalent to the inflation factor used to calculate basic education in the common school system budget request submitted by the governor.
[ 1993 sp.s. c 15 s 4.]
Notes:
Findings—Effective date—1993 sp.s. c 15: See notes following RCW 28B.10.776.

catchline: Budget calculation—Funding level.


title: RCW 28B.10.782

text:
It is the policy of the state of Washington that higher education enrollments be increased in increments each biennium in order to achieve, by the year 2010, the goals, by educational sector, adopted by the *higher education coordinating board in its enrollment plan entitled "Design for the 21st Century: Expanding Higher Education Opportunities in Washington," or subsequent revisions adopted by the board.
Per student costs for additional students to achieve this policy shall be at the same rate per student as enrollments mandated in RCW 28B.10.776.
For each public college and university, and for the community and technical college system, budget documents generated by the governor and the legislature in the development and consideration of the biennial omnibus appropriations act shall display an enrollment target level. The enrollment target level is the biennial state-funded enrollment increase necessary to fulfill the state policy set forth in this section. The budget documents shall compare the enrollment target level with the state-funded enrollment increases contained in the biennial budget proposals of the governor and each house of the legislature. The information required by this section shall be set forth in the budget documents so that enrollment and cost information concerning the number of students and additional funds needed to reach the enrollment goals are prominently displayed and easily understood.
For the governor's budget request, the information required by this section shall be made available in the document entitled "Operating Budget Supporting Data" or its successor document.
[ 1993 sp.s. c 15 s 5.]
Notes:
*Reviser's note: The higher education coordinating board was abolished by 2011 1st sp.s. c 11 s 301, effective July 1, 2012.
Findings—Effective date—1993 sp.s. c 15: See notes following RCW 28B.10.776.

catchline: Budget calculation—Increased enrollment target level—Availability of information.


title: RCW 28B.10.784

text:
The participation rate used to calculate enrollment levels under RCW 28B.10.776 and 28B.10.782 shall be based on fall enrollment reported in the higher education enrollment report as maintained by the office of financial management, fall enrollment as reported in the management information system of the state board for community and technical colleges, and the corresponding fall population forecast by the office of financial management. Formal estimates of the state participation rates and enrollment levels necessary to fulfill the requirements of RCW 28B.10.776 and 28B.10.782 shall be determined by the office of financial management as part of its responsibility to develop and maintain student enrollment forecasts for colleges and universities under RCW 43.62.050. Formal estimates of the state participation rates and enrollment levels required by this section shall be based on procedures and standards established by a technical work group consisting of staff from the student achievement council, the public four-year institutions of higher education, the state board for community and technical colleges, the fiscal and higher education committees of the house of representatives and the senate, and the office of financial management. Formal estimates of the state participation rates and enrollment levels required by this section shall be submitted to the fiscal committees of the house of representatives and senate on or before November 15th of each even-numbered year. The student achievement council shall periodically review the enrollment goals set forth in RCW 28B.10.776 and 28B.10.782 and submit recommendations concerning modification of these goals to the governor and to the higher education committees of the house of representatives and the senate.
[ 2012 c 229 s 517; 1993 sp.s. c 15 s 6.]
Notes:
Effective date—2012 c 229 ss 101, 117, 401, 402, 501 through 594, 601 through 609, 701 through 708, 801 through 821, 902, and 904: See note following RCW 28B.77.005.
Findings—Effective date—1993 sp.s. c 15: See notes following RCW 28B.10.776.

catchline: Budget calculation—Participation rate and enrollment level estimates—Recommendations to governor and legislature.


title: RCW 28B.10.786

text:
It is the policy of the state of Washington that financial need not be a barrier to participation in higher education. It is also the policy of the state of Washington that the essential requirements level budget calculation include funding for state student financial aid programs. The calculation should, at a minimum, include a funding level equal to the amount provided in the second year of the previous biennium in the omnibus appropriations act, adjusted for the percentage of needy resident students, by educational sector, likely to be included in any enrollment increases necessary to maintain, by educational sector, the participation rate funded in the 1993 fiscal year. The calculation should also be adjusted to reflect, by educational sector, any increases in cost of attendance. The cost of attendance figures should be calculated by the office of financial management and provided to the appropriate legislative committees by June 30th of each even-numbered year.
[ 2011 1st sp.s. c 11 s 138; 1993 sp.s. c 15 s 7.]
Notes:
Effective date—2011 1st sp.s. c 11 ss 101-103, 106-202, 204-244, and 301: See note following RCW 28B.76.020.
Intent—2011 1st sp.s. c 11: See note following RCW 28B.76.020.
Findings—Effective date—1993 sp.s. c 15: See notes following RCW 28B.10.776.

catchline: Budget calculation—Student financial aid programs.


title: RCW 28B.10.790

text:
Washington residents attending any nonprofit college or university in another state which has a reciprocity agreement with the state of Washington shall be eligible for the student financial aid program outlined in chapter 28B.92 RCW if:
(1) They qualify as a student who demonstrates financial need as defined under RCW 28B.92.030; and
(2) The institution attended is a member institution of an accrediting association recognized by rule of the student achievement council for the purposes of this section and is specifically encompassed within or directly affected by such reciprocity agreement and agrees to and complies with program rules and regulations pertaining to such students and institutions adopted pursuant to RCW 28B.92.150.
[ 2019 c 406 s 25; 2012 c 229 s 518; 2011 1st sp.s. c 11 s 139; 2004 c 275 s 44; 1985 c 370 s 54; 1980 c 13 s 1.]
Notes:
Findings—Intent—2019 c 406: See note following RCW 43.79.195.
Findings—Short title—2019 c 406: See notes following RCW 28B.92.200.
Findings—2019 c 406: See note following RCW 28B.94.020.
Findings—Intent—2019 c 406: See note following RCW 28C.30.050.
Findings—Intent—2019 c 406: See note following RCW 43.216.135.
Effective date—2012 c 229 ss 101, 117, 401, 402, 501 through 594, 601 through 609, 701 through 708, 801 through 821, 902, and 904: See note following RCW 28B.77.005.
Effective date—2011 1st sp.s. c 11 ss 101-103, 106-202, 204-244, and 301: See note following RCW 28B.76.020.
Intent—2011 1st sp.s. c 11: See note following RCW 28B.76.020.
Part headings not law—2004 c 275: See note following RCW 28B.76.090.
Severability—1980 c 13: "If any provision of this act or its application to any person or circumstance is held invalid, the remainder of the act or the application of the provision to other persons or circumstances is not affected." [ 1980 c 13 s 3.]

catchline: State student financial aid program—Eligibility of certain residents attending college or university in states with reciprocity agreements.


title: RCW 28B.10.792

text:
The office of student financial assistance shall develop guidelines for determining the conditions under which an institution can be determined to be directly affected by a reciprocity agreement for the purposes of RCW 28B.10.790: PROVIDED, That no institution shall be determined to be directly affected unless students from the county in which the institution is located are provided, pursuant to a reciprocity agreement, access to Washington institutions at resident tuition and fee rates to the extent authorized by Washington law.
[ 2011 1st sp.s. c 11 s 140; 1985 c 370 s 55; 1980 c 13 s 2.]
Notes:
Effective date—2011 1st sp.s. c 11 ss 101-103, 106-202, 204-244, and 301: See note following RCW 28B.76.020.
Intent—2011 1st sp.s. c 11: See note following RCW 28B.76.020.
Severability—1980 c 13: See note following RCW 28B.10.790.

catchline: State student financial aid program—Guidelines to determine institutions affected by reciprocity agreements.


title: RCW 28B.10.825

text:
The board of trustees or regents of each of the state's colleges or universities may allocate from services and activities fees an amount not to exceed one dollar per quarter or one dollar and fifty cents per semester to an institutional student loan fund for needy students, to be administered by such rules or regulations as the board of trustees or regents may adopt: PROVIDED, That loans from such funds shall not be made for terms exceeding twelve months, and the true annual rate of interest charged shall be six percent.
[ 1971 ex.s. c 279 s 4.]
Notes:
Severability—1971 ex.s. c 279: See note following RCW 28B.15.005.
Colleges and universities defined: RCW 28B.15.005.

catchline: Institutional student loan fund for needy students.


title: RCW 28B.10.840

text:
The term "institution of higher education" whenever used in RCW 28B.10.840 through 28B.10.844, shall be held and construed to mean any public institution of higher education in Washington. The term "educational board" whenever used in RCW 28B.10.840 through 28B.10.844, shall be held and construed to mean the state board for community and technical colleges.
[ 2011 1st sp.s. c 11 s 141; 1985 c 370 s 57; 1975 1st ex.s. c 132 s 17; 1972 ex.s. c 23 s 1.]
Notes:
Effective date—2011 1st sp.s. c 11 ss 101-103, 106-202, 204-244, and 301: See note following RCW 28B.76.020.
Intent—2011 1st sp.s. c 11: See note following RCW 28B.76.020.
Effective date—Severability—1975 1st ex.s. c 132: See notes following RCW 28B.77.060.

catchline: Definitions for purposes of RCW 28B.10.840 through 28B.10.844.


title: RCW 28B.10.842

text:
Whenever any action, claim, or proceeding is instituted against any regent, trustee, officer, employee, or agent of an institution of higher education or member of the governing body, officer, employee, or agent of an educational board arising out of the performance or failure of performance of duties for, or employment with such institution or educational board, the board of regents or board of trustees of the institution or governing body of the educational board may grant a request by such person that the attorney general be authorized to defend said claim, suit, or proceeding, and the costs of defense of such action shall be paid as provided in RCW 4.92.130. If a majority of the members of a board of regents or trustees or educational board is or would be personally affected by such findings and determination, or is otherwise unable to reach any decision on the matter, the attorney general is authorized to grant a request. When a request for defense has been authorized, then any obligation for payment arising from such action, claim, or proceedings shall be paid from the liability account, notwithstanding the nature of the claim, pursuant to the provisions of *RCW 4.92.130 through 4.92.170, as now or hereafter amended: PROVIDED, That this section shall not apply unless the authorizing body has made a finding and determination by resolution that such regent, trustee, member of the educational board, officer, employee, or agent was acting in good faith.
[ 1999 c 163 s 7; 1975 c 40 s 4; 1972 ex.s. c 23 s 2.]
Notes:
*Reviser's note: RCW 4.92.140 and 4.92.170 were repealed by 1989 c 419 s 18, effective July 1, 1989.
Effective date—1999 c 163: See note following RCW 4.92.130.
Liability coverage of university personnel and students: RCW 28B.20.250 through 28B.20.255.

catchline: Actions against regents, trustees, officers, employees, or agents of institutions of higher education or educational boards—Defense—Costs—Payment of obligations from liability account.


title: RCW 28B.10.844

text:
The board of regents and the board of trustees of each of the state's institutions of higher education and governing body of an educational board are authorized to purchase insurance to protect and hold personally harmless any regent, trustee, officer, employee, or agent of their respective institution, any member of an educational board, its officers, employees or agents, from any action, claim, or proceeding instituted against him or her arising out of the performance or failure of performance of duties for or employment with such institution or educational board and to hold him or her harmless from any expenses connected with the defense, settlement, or monetary judgments from such actions.
[ 2011 c 336 s 714; 1972 ex.s. c 23 s 3.]
Notes:
Liability coverage of university personnel and students: RCW 28B.20.250 through 28B.20.255.

catchline: Regents, trustees, officers, employees, or agents of institutions of higher education or educational boards, insurance to protect and hold personally harmless.


title: RCW 28B.10.846

text:
(1)(a) All employees of institutions of higher education, not considered academic or athletic department employees, who have reasonable cause to believe a child has suffered abuse or neglect, must report such abuse or neglect immediately to the appropriate administrator or supervisor, as designated by the institution. The administrator or supervisor to whom the report was made, if not already a mandatory reporter under RCW 26.44.030, must report the abuse or neglect within forty-eight hours to a mandatory reporter designated by the institution for this purpose.
(b) For purposes of this section, "child" has the same meaning as in RCW 26.44.020(2).
(c) For purposes of this section, "abuse or neglect" has the same meaning as in RCW 26.44.020(1).
(2) Institutions of higher education must ensure that the employees covered by the provisions of RCW 26.44.030 and subsection (1)(a) of this section have knowledge of their reporting responsibilities through whatever means are most likely to succeed in providing this information to affected employees.
[ 2012 c 55 s 2.]

catchline: Report of child abuse or neglect—Reporting responsibilities.


title: RCW 28B.10.878

text:
The G. Robert Ross distinguished faculty award is hereby established. The board of trustees at Western Washington University shall establish the guidelines for the selection of the recipients of the G. Robert Ross distinguished faculty award. The board shall establish a local endowment fund for the deposit of all state funds appropriated for this purpose and any private donations. The board shall administer the endowment fund and the award. The principal of the invested endowment fund shall not be invaded and the proceeds from the endowment fund may be used to supplement the salary of the holder of the award, to pay salaries of his or her assistants, and to pay expenses associated with the holder's scholarly work.
[ 1988 c 125 s 2.]
Notes:
Finding—1988 c 125 s 2: "The legislature finds that G. Robert Ross, immediate past president of Western Washington University, was an exemplary university president who helped lead his school to a position of increasing excellence and national prominence. Dr. Ross was a convincing spokesperson for excellence in all areas of education and was a leader who strongly encouraged the faculty and staff at Western Washington University to be actively involved in the pursuit of scholarly activities.
The legislature wishes to honor the public spirit, dedication, integrity, perseverance, inspiration, and accomplishments of Western Washington University faculty through the creation of the G. Robert Ross Distinguished Faculty Award." [ 1988 c 125 s 1.]


title: RCW 28B.10.890

text:
A collegiate license plate fund is established in the custody of the state treasurer for each college or university with a collegiate license plate program approved by the department of licensing under RCW 46.18.225. All receipts from collegiate license plates authorized under RCW 46.17.220 must be deposited in the appropriate local college or university nonappropriated, nonallotted fund. Expenditures from the funds may be used only for student scholarships. Only the president of the college or university or the president's designee may authorize expenditures from the fund.
[ 2010 c 161 s 1102; 1994 c 194 s 7.]
Notes:
Effective date—Intent—Legislation to reconcile chapter 161, Laws of 2010 and other amendments made during the 2010 legislative session—2010 c 161: See notes following RCW 46.04.013.

catchline: Collegiate license plate fund—Scholarships.


title: RCW 28B.10.900

text:
As used in RCW 28B.10.901 and 28B.10.902, "hazing" includes any act committed as part of a person's recruitment, initiation, pledging, admission into, or affiliation with a student organization, athletic team, or living group, or any pastime or amusement engaged in with respect to such an organization, athletic team, or living group that causes, or is likely to cause, bodily danger or physical harm, or serious psychological or emotional harm, to any student or other person attending a public or private institution of higher education or other postsecondary educational institution in this state, including causing, directing, coercing, or forcing a person to consume any food, liquid, alcohol, drug, or other substance which subjects the person to risk of such harm, regardless of the person's willingness to participate. "Hazing" does not include customary athletic events or other similar contests or competitions.
[ 2022 c 209 s 1; 1993 c 514 s 1.]
Notes:
Short title—2022 c 209: "This act may be known and cited as the Sam's law act." [ 2022 c 209 s 7.]

catchline: "Hazing" defined.


title: RCW 28B.10.901

text:
(1) No student, or other person in attendance at any public or private institution of higher education, or any other postsecondary educational institution, may intentionally haze another.
(2)(a) Except as provided in (b) of this subsection, a violation of subsection (1) of this section is a gross misdemeanor, punishable as provided under RCW 9A.20.021.
(b) A violation of subsection (1) of this section that causes substantial bodily harm, as defined in RCW 9A.04.110, to another person is a class C felony.
(3) Any student organization, association, or student living group that permits hazing is strictly liable for damages caused to persons or property resulting from hazing. If the student organization, association, or student living group is a corporation whether for profit or nonprofit, the individual directors of the corporation may be held individually liable for damages.
[ 2023 c 196 s 1; 1993 c 514 s 2.]
Notes:
Short title—2023 c 196: "This act may be known and cited as the Sam Martinez stop hazing law." [ 2023 c 196 s 5.]

catchline: Hazing prohibited—Penalty.


title: RCW 28B.10.902

text:
(1) A person who participates in the hazing of another shall forfeit any entitlement to state-funded grants, scholarships, or awards for a period of time determined by the institution of higher education.
(2) Any organization, association, or student living group that knowingly permits hazing to be conducted by its members or by others subject to its direction or control shall be deprived of any official recognition or approval granted by a public institution of higher education.
(3) The public institutions of higher education shall adopt rules to implement this section.
[ 1993 c 514 s 3.]

catchline: Participating in or permitting hazing—Loss of state-funded grants or awards—Loss of official recognition or control—Rules.


title: RCW 28B.10.903

text:
Institutions of higher education shall adopt rules providing sanctions for conduct associated with initiation into a student organization or living group, or any pastime or amusement engaged in with respect to an organization or living group not amounting to a violation of RCW 28B.10.900. Conduct covered by this section may include embarrassment, ridicule, sleep deprivation, verbal abuse, or personal humiliation.
[ 1993 c 514 s 4.]

catchline: Conduct associated with initiation into group or pastime or amusement with group—Sanctions adopted by rule.


title: RCW 28B.10.904

text:
(1) Each public and private institution of higher education shall prohibit in its code of conduct hazing off campus as well as on campus.
(2) Beginning with the 2022 fall term, each public and private institution of higher education shall provide students with an educational program on hazing and the dangers of and prohibition on hazing, which shall include information regarding hazing awareness, prevention, intervention, and the institution's policy on hazing. The educational program may be offered in person or electronically. The institution must incorporate the educational program as part of new student orientation sessions. The educational program must be posted on each institution's public website for parents, legal guardians, and volunteers to view.
(3) Institutional materials on student rights and responsibilities given to student organizations, athletic teams, or living groups, either electronically or in hard copy form, shall include a statement on the institution's antihazing policy and on the dangers of hazing.
[ 2022 c 209 s 2.]
Notes:
Short title—2022 c 209: See note following RCW 28B.10.900.

catchline: Hazing—Code of conduct—Educational program.


title: RCW 28B.10.905

text:
Each public institution of higher education shall establish a hazing prevention committee to promote and address hazing prevention. The committee shall have a minimum of six members including a designated chair appointed by the president of the institution. Fifty percent of the committee positions shall include students currently attending the higher education institution with at least one position filled by a student from a student organization, athletic team, or living group. The other fifty percent of the committee positions shall include at least one faculty or staff member and one parent or legal guardian of a student currently enrolled at the institution. Student input shall be considered for committee membership. A student who is a member of a student organization, athletic team, or living group that was affiliated with a finding of a hazing violation within the last twelve months may not participate in or be a member of the hazing prevention committee.
[ 2022 c 209 s 3.]
Notes:
Short title—2022 c 209: See note following RCW 28B.10.900.

catchline: Hazing—Prevention committee.


title: RCW 28B.10.906

text:
(1) Beginning with the 2022-23 academic year, each public and private institution of higher education shall maintain and publicly report actual findings of violations by any student organization, athletic team, or living group of the public or private institution of higher education's code of conduct, antihazing policies, or state or federal laws relating to hazing or offenses related to alcohol, drugs, sexual assault, or physical assault.
(2) The report shall include the following:
(a) The name of the student organization, athletic team, or living group;
(b) The date the investigation was initiated;
(c) The date on which the investigation ended with a finding that a violation occurred;
(d) A description of the incident or incidents, including the date of the initial violation, and the violations, findings, and sanctions placed on the student organization, athletic team, or living group;
(e) The details of the sanction or sanctions imposed, including the beginning and end dates of the sanction or sanctions; and
(f) The date the student organization, athletic team, or living group was charged with a violation.
(3) Investigations that do not result in a finding of formal violations of the student code of conduct or state or federal law shall not be included in the report. The report shall not include any personal or identifying information of individual student members and shall be subject to the requirements of the federal family education rights and privacy act of 1974, 20 U.S.C. Sec. 1232g.
(4) Public and private institutions of higher education shall make reports under this section available on their websites in a prominent location clearly labeled and easily accessible from the institution's website.
(5) Each public and private institution of higher education shall maintain reports as they are updated for five years and shall post them on their respective websites at least 45 calendar days before the start of each fall academic term and at least 10 days before the start of all other academic terms.
[ 2022 c 209 s 4.]
Notes:
Short title—2022 c 209: See note following RCW 28B.10.900.

catchline: Hazing—Report of violations.


title: RCW 28B.10.907

text:
(1) Beginning in the 2022 fall academic term, each public and private institution of higher education shall provide hazing prevention education on the signs and dangers of hazing as well as the institution's prohibition on hazing to employees, including student employees, either in person or electronically. The prevention education shall be provided to employees at the beginning of each academic year and for new employees at the beginning of each academic term.
(2) If, as a result of observations or information received in the course of employment or volunteer service, any employee, including a student employee, or volunteer at a public or private institution of higher education has reasonable cause to believe that hazing has occurred, the employee or volunteer shall report the incident, or cause a report to be made, to a designated authority at the institution. The employee or volunteer shall make the report at the first opportunity to do so.
(3) "Reasonable cause" means a person who witnesses hazing or receives a credible written or oral report alleging hazing or potential or planned hazing activity.
(4) A person who witnesses hazing or has reasonable cause to believe hazing has occurred or will occur and makes a report in good faith may not be sanctioned or punished for the violation of hazing unless the person is directly engaged in the planning, directing, or act of hazing reported.
(5) Nothing in this section shall preclude a person from independently reporting hazing or suspected hazing activity to law enforcement.
(6) As used in this section, "employee" means a person who is receiving wages from the institution of higher education and is in a position with direct ongoing contact with students in a supervisory role or position of authority. "Employee" does not include a person employed as medical staff or with an affiliated organization, entity, or extension of a postsecondary educational institution, unless the employee has a supervisory role or position of authority over students. "Employee" does not include confidential employees.
[ 2022 c 209 s 5.]
Notes:
Short title—2022 c 209: See note following RCW 28B.10.900.


title: RCW 28B.10.908

text:
(1) Social fraternity and sorority organizations shall notify the public or private institution of higher education before chartering, rechartering, opening, or reopening a local chapter or operating at the public or private institution of higher education.
(2) Social fraternity and sorority organizations shall notify the public or private institution of higher education when the organization instigates an investigation of a local chapter at the public or private institution of higher education for hazing or other activity that includes an element of hazing, such as furnishing alcohol to minors. The organization shall provide the results of such investigation and a copy of the full findings report to the public or private institution of higher education's student conduct office.
(3) Beginning in the 2022 fall academic term, any local social fraternity or sorority chapter seeking to obtain or maintain registration with any public or private institution of higher education in the state must certify in writing and provide weblinks to that institution showing that the landing pages of all websites owned or maintained by the local chapter contain a full list for the previous five years of all findings of violations of antihazing policies, state or federal laws relating to hazing, alcohol, drugs, sexual assault, or physical assault, or the institution's code of conduct against the local chapter.
(4) Failure of a social fraternity or sorority organization to comply with subsections (1) through (3) of this section shall result in automatic loss of recognition until such time that the organization comes into compliance with those subsections.
[ 2022 c 209 s 6.]
Notes:
Short title—2022 c 209: See note following RCW 28B.10.900.

catchline: Hazing—Social fraternity and sorority organizations.


title: RCW 28B.10.910

text:
Each student with one or more disabilities is entitled to receive a core service only if the service is reasonably needed to accommodate the student's disabilities. The requesting student shall make a reasonable request for core services in a timely manner and the institution of higher education or agency providing the service shall respond reasonably and in a timely manner.
[ 1994 c 105 s 2.]
Notes:
Intent—1994 c 105: "It is a fundamental aspiration of the people of Washington that individuals be afforded the opportunity to compete academically. Accordingly, it is an appropriate act of state government, in furtherance of this aspiration, to make available appropriate support services to those individuals who are able to attend college by virtue of their potential and desire, but whose educational progress and success is hampered by a lack of accommodation.
Furthermore, under existing federal and state laws, institutions of higher education are obligated to provide services to students with disabilities. The legislature does not intend to confer any new or expanded rights, however, the intent of this act is to provide a clearer, more succinct statement of those rights than is presently available and put Washington on record as supporting those rights.
It is the intent of the legislature that these services be provided within the bounds of the law. Therefore, the institution of higher education's obligations to provide reasonable accommodations are limited by the defenses provided in federal and state statutes, such as undue financial burden and undue hardship." [ 1994 c 105 s 1.]

catchline: Students with disabilities—Core services.


title: RCW 28B.10.912

text:
Each institution of higher education shall ensure that students with disabilities are reasonably accommodated within that institution. The institution of higher education shall provide students with disabilities with the appropriate core service or services necessary to ensure equal access.
Core services shall include, but not be limited to:
(1) Flexible procedures in the admissions process that use a holistic review of the student's potential, including appropriate consideration in statewide and institutional alternative admissions programs;
(2) Early registration or priority registration;
(3) Sign language, oral and tactile interpreter services, or other technological alternatives;
(4) Textbooks and other educational materials in alternative media, including, but not limited to, large print, braille, electronic format, and audiotape;
(5) Provision of readers, notetakers, scribes, and proofreaders including recruitment, training, and coordination;
(6) Ongoing review and coordination of efforts to improve campus accessibility, including but not limited to, all aspects of barrier-free design, signage, high-contrast identification of hazards of mobility barriers, maintenance of access during construction, snow and ice clearance, and adequate disability parking for all facilities;
(7) Facilitation of physical access including, but not limited to, relocating of classes, activities, and services to accessible facilities and orientation if route of travel needs change, such as at the beginning of a quarter or semester;
(8) Access to adaptive equipment including, but not limited to, TDDs, FM communicators, closed caption devices, amplified telephone receivers, closed circuit televisions, low-vision reading aids, player/recorders for 15/16 4-track tapes, photocopy machines able to use eleven-by-seventeen inch paper, brailling devices, and computer enhancements;
(9) Referral to appropriate on-campus and off-campus resources, services, and agencies;
(10) Release of syllabi, study guides, and other appropriate instructor-produced materials in advance of general distribution, and access beyond the regular classroom session to slides, films, overheads and other media and taping of lectures;
(11) Accessibility for students with disabilities to tutoring, mentoring, peer counseling, and academic advising that are available on campus;
(12) Flexibility in test taking arrangements;
(13) Referral to the appropriate entity for diagnostic assessment and documentation of the disability;
(14) Flexibility in timelines for completion of courses, certification, and degree requirements;
(15) Flexibility in credits required to be taken to satisfy institutional eligibility for financial aid; and
(16) Notification of the institution of higher education's policy of nondiscrimination on the basis of disability and of steps the student may take if he or she believes discrimination has taken place. This notice shall be included in all formal correspondence that communicates decisions or policies adversely affecting the student's status or rights with the institution of higher education. This notice shall include the phone numbers of the United States department of education, the United States office of civil rights, and the Washington state human rights commission.
[ 1994 c 105 s 3.]
Notes:
Intent—1994 c 105: See note following RCW 28B.10.910.

catchline: Students with disabilities—Core services described—Notice of nondiscrimination.


title: RCW 28B.10.914

text:
Reasonable accommodation for students with disabilities shall be provided as appropriate for all aspects of college and university life, including but not limited to: Recruitment, the application process, enrollment, registration, financial aid, coursework, research, academic counseling, housing programs owned or operated by the institution of higher education, and nonacademic programs and services.
[ 1994 c 105 s 4.]
Notes:
Intent—1994 c 105: See note following RCW 28B.10.910.


title: RCW 28B.10.916

text:
(1) An individual, firm, partnership or corporation that publishes or manufactures instructional materials for students attending any public or private institution of higher education in the state of Washington shall provide to the public or private institution of higher education, for use by students attending the institution, any instructional material in an electronic format mutually agreed upon by the publisher or manufacturer and the public or private institution of higher education. Computer files or electronic versions of printed instructional materials shall be provided; video materials must be captioned or accompanied by transcriptions of spoken text; and audio materials must be accompanied by transcriptions. These supplemental materials shall be provided to the public or private institution of higher education at no additional cost and in a timely manner, upon receipt of a written request as provided in subsection (2) of this section.
(2) A written request for supplemental materials must:
(a) Certify that a student with a print access disability attending or registered to attend a public or participating private institution of higher education has purchased the instructional material or the public or private institution of higher education has purchased the instructional material for use by a student with a print access disability;
(b) Certify that the student has a print access disability that substantially prevents him or her from using standard instructional materials;
(c) Certify that the instructional material is for use by the student in connection with a course in which he or she is registered or enrolled at the public or private institution of higher education; and
(d) Be signed by the coordinator of services for students with disabilities at the public or private institution of higher education or by the college or campus official responsible for monitoring compliance with the Americans with disabilities act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 12101 et seq.) at the public or private institution of higher education.
(3) An individual, firm, partnership or corporation specified in subsection (1) of this section may also require that, in addition to the requirements in subsection (2) of this section, the request include a statement signed by the student agreeing to both of the following:
(a) He or she will use the instructional material provided in specialized format solely for his or her own educational purposes; and
(b) He or she will not copy or duplicate the instructional material provided in specialized format for use by others.
(4) A public or private institution of higher education that provides a specialized format version of instructional material pursuant to this section may not require that the student return the specialized format version of the instructional material, except that if the institution has determined that it is not required to allow the student to retain the material under the Americans with disabilities act or other applicable laws, and the material was translated or transcribed into a specialized format at the expense of the institution and the cost to reproduce a copy of the translation or transcription is greater than one hundred dollars, the institution may require that the student return the specialized format version.
(5) If a public or private institution of higher education provides a student with the specialized format version of an instructional material, the media must be copy-protected or the public or private institution of higher education shall take other reasonable precautions to ensure that students do not copy or distribute specialized format versions of instructional materials in violation of the copyright revision act of 1976, as amended (17 U.S.C. Sec. 101 et seq.).
(6) For purposes of this section:
(a) "Instructional material or materials" means textbooks and other materials that are required or essential to a student's success in a postsecondary course of study in which a student with a disability is enrolled. The determination of which materials are "required or essential to student success" shall be made by the instructor of the course in consultation with the official making the request in accordance with guidelines issued pursuant to subsection (10) of this section. The term specifically includes both textual and nontextual information.
(b) "Print access disability" means a condition in which a person's independent reading of, reading comprehension of, or visual access to materials is limited or reduced due to a sensory, neurological, cognitive, physical, psychiatric, or other disability recognized by state or federal law. The term is applicable, but not limited to, persons who are blind, have low vision, or have reading disorders or physical disabilities.
(c) "Structural integrity" means all instructional material, including but not limited to the text of the material, sidebars, the table of contents, chapter headings and subheadings, footnotes, indexes, glossaries, graphs, charts, illustrations, pictures, equations, formulas, and bibliographies. Structural order of material shall be maintained. Structural elements, such as headings, lists, and tables must be identified using current markup and tools. If good faith efforts fail to produce an agreement between the publisher or manufacturer and the public or private institution of higher education, as to an electronic format that will preserve the structural integrity of instructional materials, the publisher or manufacturer shall provide the instructional material in a verified and valid HTML format and shall preserve as much of the structural integrity of the instructional materials as possible.
(d) "Specialized format" means Braille, audio, or digital text that is exclusively for use by blind or other persons with print access disabilities.
(7) Nothing in this section is to be construed to prohibit a public or private institution of higher education from assisting a student with a print access disability through the use of an electronic version of instructional material gained through this section or by transcribing or translating or arranging for the transcription or translation of the instructional material into specialized formats that provide persons with print access disabilities the ability to have increased independent access to instructional materials. If such specialized format is made, the public or private institution of higher education may share the specialized format version of the instructional material with other students with print access disabilities for whom the public or private institution of higher education is authorized to request electronic versions of instructional material. The addition of captioning to video material by a Washington public or private institution of higher education does not constitute an infringement of copyright.
(8) A specialized format version of instructional materials developed at one public or private institution of higher education in Washington state may be shared for use by a student at another public or private institution of higher education in Washington state for whom the latter public or private institution of higher education is authorized to request electronic versions of instructional material.
(9) Nothing in this section shall be deemed to authorize any use of instructional materials that would constitute an infringement of copyright under the copyright revision act of 1976, as amended (17 U.S.C. Sec. 101 et seq.).
(10) The governing boards of public and participating private institutions of higher education in Washington state shall each adopt guidelines consistent with this section for its implementation and administration. At a minimum, the guidelines shall address all of the following:
(a) The designation of materials deemed "required or essential to student success";
(b) The determination of the availability of technology for the conversion of materials pursuant to subsection (5) of this section and the conversion of mathematics and science materials pursuant to subsection (6)(c) of this section;
(c) The procedures and standards relating to distribution of files and materials pursuant to this section;
(d) The guidelines shall include procedures for granting exceptions when it is determined that an individual, firm, partnership or corporation that publishes or manufactures instructional materials is not technically able to comply with the requirements of this section; and
(e) Other matters as are deemed necessary or appropriate to carry out the purposes of this section.
(11) A violation of this chapter constitutes an unfair practice under chapter 49.60 RCW, the law against discrimination. All rights and remedies under chapter 49.60 RCW, including the right to file a complaint with the human rights commission and to bring a civil action, apply.
[ 2011 c 356 s 2; 2004 c 46 s 1.]

catchline: Supplemental instructional materials for students with print access disability.


title: RCW 28B.10.918

text:
Annually, during the month of October, each of the public institutions of higher education shall conduct or promote educational activities that provide instruction, awareness, and understanding of disability history and people with disabilities. The activities may include, but not be limited to, guest speaker presentations.
[ 2008 c 167 s 4.]

catchline: Disability history month—Activities.


title: RCW 28B.10.923

text:
All institutions of higher education are encouraged to use common online learning technologies including, but not limited to, existing learning management and web conferencing systems currently managed and governed by the state board for community and technical colleges; and share professional development materials and activities related to effective use of these tools. The state board for community and technical colleges may adjust existing vendor licenses to accommodate and provide enterprise services for any interested institutions of higher education. The common learning management system shall be designed in a way that allows for easy sharing of courses, learning objects, and other digital content among the institutions of higher education. Institutions of higher education may begin migration to these common systems immediately. The state board for community and technical colleges shall convene representatives from each four-year institution of higher education to develop a shared fee structure.
[ 2009 c 407 s 2.]
Notes:
Intent—2009 c 407: "The legislature recognizes that the state must educate more people to higher levels to adapt to the economic and social needs of the future. While our public colleges and universities have realized great success in helping students achieve their dreams, the legislature also recognizes that much more must be done to prepare current and future students for a twenty-first century economy. To raise the levels of skills and knowledge needed to sustain the state's economic prosperity and competitive position in a global environment, the public higher education system must reach out to every prospective student and citizen in unprecedented ways, with unprecedented focus.
To reach out to these citizens, the state must dismantle the barriers of geographic isolation, cost, and competing demands of work and family life. The state must create a more nimble system of learning that is student-centric, more welcoming of nontraditional and underserved students, easier to access and use, and more tailored to today's student needs and expectations.
Technology can play a key role in helping achieve this systemic goal. While only a decade ago access to personal computers was widely viewed a luxury, today computers, digital media, electronic information, and content have changed the nature of how students learn and instructors teach. This presents a vast, borderless opportunity to extend the reach and impact of the state's public educational institutions and educate more people to higher levels.
Each higher education institution and workforce program serves a unique group of students and as such, has customized its own technology solutions to meet its emerging needs. While local solutions may have served institutions of higher education in the past, paying for and operating multiple technology solutions, platforms, systems, models, agreements, and operational functionality for common applications and support services no longer serves students or the state.
Today's students access education differently. Rather than enrolling in one institution of higher education, staying two to four years and graduating, today's learners prefer a cafeteria approach; they often enroll in and move among multiple institutions - sometimes simultaneously. Rather than sitting in lecture halls taking notes, they may listen to podcasts of a lecture while grocery shopping or hold a virtual study group with classmates on a video chat room. They may prefer hybrid courses where part of their time is spent in the classroom and part is spent online. They prefer online access for commodity administrative services such as financial aid, admissions, transcript services, and more.
Institutions of higher education not only must rethink teaching and learning in a digital-networked world, but also must tailor their administrative and student services technologies to serve the mobile student who requires dynamic, customized information online and in real time. Because these relationships are changing so fast and so fundamentally, it is incumbent on the higher education system to transform its practices just as profoundly.
Therefore, the legislature intends to both study and implement its findings regarding how the state's public institutions of higher education can share core resources in instructional, including library, resources, student services, and administrative information technology resources, user help desk services, faculty professional development, and more. The study will examine how public institutions of higher education can pursue a strategy of implementing single, shared, statewide commonly needed standards-based software, web hosting and support service solutions that are cost-effective, easily integrated, user-friendly, flexible, and constantly improving. The full range of applications that serve students, faculty, and administration shall be included. Expensive, proprietary, nonstandards-based customized applications, databases and services, and other resources that do not allow for the transparent sharing of information across institutions, agencies, and educational levels, including K-12, are inconsistent with the state's objective of educating more people to higher levels." [ 2009 c 407 s 1.]

catchline: Online learning technologies—Common learning management system for institutions of higher education.


title: RCW 28B.10.924

text:
If a state university or foundation derives income from the commercialization of patents, copyrights, proprietary processes, or licenses developed by the forest biomass to aviation fuel demonstration project in section 2, chapter 217, Laws of 2011, a percentage of that income, proportionate to the percent of state resources used to develop and commercialize the patent, copyright, proprietary process, or license must be deposited in the state general fund.
[ 2011 c 217 s 3.]
Notes:
Findings—2011 c 217: "The legislature finds that the work that is already underway in exploring the potential of linking Washington's forest products and aeronautics industries in producing a sustainable aviation biofuel with feedstock from the state's public and private forestlands is important to this state's economy and its sustainable energy policies. The sustainable aviation fuel Northwest initiative has set the stage by beginning the process and initiating stakeholder involvement in assessing the options for developing the biofuel industry in the Northwest.
The legislature further finds that the work that is being done by the department of natural resources and our state research universities in exploring opportunities to develop aviation biofuel in Washington will provide the scientific and technological analyses needed to determine a pathway for the sustainable use of forest biomass to produce biofuels." [ 2011 c 217 s 1.]

catchline: Aviation biofuel demonstration project—Income from commercialization of patents, copyrights, proprietary processes, or licenses—Deposit of proportionate percentage of income.


title: RCW 28B.10.925

text:
(1) Prior to transferring ownership of an institution-owned vessel, an institution of higher education shall conduct a thorough review of the physical condition of the vessel, the vessel's operating capability, and any containers and other materials that are not fixed to the vessel.
(2) If the institution of higher education determines that the vessel is in a state of advanced deterioration or poses a reasonably imminent threat to human health or safety, including a threat of environmental contamination, the institution of higher education may: (a) Not transfer the vessel until the conditions identified under this subsection have been corrected; or (b) permanently dispose of the vessel by landfill, deconstruction, or other related method.
[ 2013 c 291 s 25.]

catchline: Transfer of ownership of institution-owned vessel—Review of vessel's physical condition.


title: RCW 28B.10.926

text:
(1) Following the inspection required under RCW 28B.10.925 and prior to transferring ownership of an institution-owned vessel, the institution of higher education shall obtain the following from the transferee:
(a) The purposes for which the transferee intends to use the vessel; and
(b) Information demonstrating the prospective owner's intent to obtain legal moorage following the transfer, in the manner determined by the institution of higher education.
(2)(a) The institution of higher education shall remove any containers or other materials that are not fixed to the vessel and contain hazardous substances, as defined under RCW 70A.305.020.
(b) However, the institution of higher education may transfer a vessel with:
(i) Those containers or materials described under (a) of this subsection where the transferee demonstrates to the institution of higher education's satisfaction that the container's or material's presence is consistent with the anticipated use of the vessel; and
(ii) A reasonable amount of fuel as determined by the institution of higher education, based on factors including the vessel's size, condition, and anticipated use of the vessel including initial destination following transfer.
(c) The institution of higher education may consult with the department of ecology in carrying out the requirements of this subsection.
(3) Prior to sale, and unless the vessel has a title or valid marine document, the institution of higher education is required to apply for a certificate of title for the vessel under RCW 88.02.510 and register the vessel under RCW 88.02.550.
[ 2021 c 65 s 21; 2013 c 291 s 26.]
Notes:
Explanatory statement—2021 c 65: See note following RCW 53.54.030.

catchline: Transfer of ownership of institution-owned vessel—Further requirements.


title: RCW 28B.10.928

text:
(1) The following definitions apply throughout this section unless the context clearly requires otherwise.
(a) "Bond" means any agreement which may or may not be represented by a physical instrument, including but not limited to bonds, notes, warrants, or certificates of indebtedness, that evidences an obligation under which the issuer agrees to pay a specified amount of money, with or without interest, at a designated time or times either to registered owners or bearers.
(b) "Local government" means any county, city, town, special purpose district, political subdivision, municipal corporation, or quasi-municipal corporation, including any public corporation, authority, or other instrumentality created by such an entity.
(c) "State" includes any state in the United States, other than the state of Washington.
(2) In addition to any other statutorily authorized investments permissible pursuant to chapters 28B.20, 28B.30, 28B.35, 28B.40, and 28B.50 RCW, institutions of higher education may invest in:
(a) Bonds of the state of Washington and any local government in the state of Washington, which bonds have at the time of investment one of the three highest credit ratings of a nationally recognized rating agency;
(b) General obligation bonds of a state and general obligation bonds of a local government of a state, which bonds have at the time of investment one of the three highest credit ratings of a nationally recognized rating agency;
(c) Subject to compliance with RCW 39.56.030, registered warrants of a local government in the same county as the institution of higher education making the investment;
(d) Certificates, notes, or bonds of the United States, or other obligations of the United States or its agencies, or of any corporation wholly owned by the government of the United States; or United States dollar denominated bonds, notes, or other obligations that are issued or guaranteed by supranational institutions, provided that, at the time of investment, the institution has the United States government as its largest shareholder;
(e) Federal home loan bank notes and bonds, federal land bank bonds and federal national mortgage association notes, debentures and guaranteed certificates of participation, or the obligations of any other government sponsored corporation whose obligations are or may become eligible as collateral for advances to member banks as determined by the board of governors of the federal reserve system;
(f) Bankers' acceptances purchased on the secondary market;
(g) Commercial paper purchased in the secondary market, provided that any institution of higher education that invests in such commercial paper must adhere to the investment policies and procedures adopted by the state investment board; and
(h) Corporate notes purchased on the secondary market, provided that any institution of higher education that invests in such notes must adhere to the investment policies and procedures adopted by the state investment board.
(3) Nothing in this section limits the investment authority granted pursuant to chapters 28B.20, 28B.30, 28B.35, 28B.40, and 28B.50 RCW.
[ 2016 c 152 s 21.]

catchline: Investment authority—Bonds, warrants, certificates, notes, bankers' acceptances, and commercial paper.


title: RCW 28B.10.930

text:
(1) To facilitate a public-private collaborative arrangement between a comprehensive cancer center and an institution of higher education and maintain the independence of the comprehensive cancer center as a nonprofit private entity, a comprehensive cancer center that is operated in conformance with subsection (3) of this section is not:
(a) A state agency, state employer, quasi-government entity, or the functional equivalent of a state entity for any purpose under Washington law;
(b) Subject to any obligation or duty of a state agency, state employer, or quasi-government entity under any Washington law; and
(c) Subject to state laws or rules and local ordinances, resolutions, or rules specifically applicable to state agencies solely because of an entity's status as a state agency, but is subject to generally applicable state laws and rules and local ordinances, resolutions, and rules.
(2) Employees of a comprehensive cancer center that is operated in conformance with subsection (3) of this section are not employees of a state agency, nor have any right or entitlement to any benefits conferred upon employees of a state agency.
(3)(a) For purposes of chapter 71, Laws of 2022, and to ensure that a comprehensive cancer center maintains its character as a nonpublic entity, a comprehensive cancer center must not:
(i) Perform an exclusively governmental function, but perform cancer research and medical treatment that are traditionally performed by both governmental and nongovernmental entities;
(ii) Receive a majority of its operations funding from the government of the state of Washington or its agencies or institutions, but perform research and medical services under contract to both governmental and nongovernmental entities;
(iii) Be subject to day-to-day management by any state agency or institution of higher education; and
(iv) Be created solely by a state agency or an institution of higher education.
(b) For purposes of chapter 71, Laws of 2022, and to ensure that the employees of a comprehensive cancer center are at no times employees of a state agency or institution of higher education, state employer, quasi-government entity, or the functional equivalent of a state entity, no state agency or institution of higher education, nor the employees, designees, or agents of a state agency or institution of higher education, may:
(i) Directly exercise employer management over comprehensive cancer center employees' day-to-day operation of the comprehensive cancer center;
(ii) Solely determine the compensation, benefits, and working conditions of comprehensive cancer center employees for their comprehensive cancer center employment; or
(iii) Engage in collective bargaining, the ratification of collective bargaining agreements as an employer, or other discussion with the exclusive bargaining representatives of the employees of a comprehensive cancer center related to comprehensive cancer center employees.
(4) For the purposes of chapter 71, Laws of 2022, the following definitions apply:
(a) "Collaborative arrangement" means a written arrangement between a comprehensive cancer center and an institution of higher education, through which the cancer care programs of the comprehensive cancer center and institution of higher education will be aligned and managed.
(b) "Comprehensive cancer center" means a comprehensive cancer center as defined in RCW 82.04.4265 that enters into a collaborative arrangement with an institution of higher education and is operated in conformance with this section.
[ 2022 c 71 s 2.]
Notes:
Findings—Intent—2022 c 71: "(1) The legislature finds that Washington benefits from its outstanding university research and health care delivery for cancer patients. The legislature finds that Washington state's citizens and its economy are benefited from the ability to attract and retain private, not-for-profit cancer research and health care delivery institutions. The legislature finds it is in the interest of the citizens of the state of Washington to promote collaboration between public universities and private not-for-profit entities in health care that will provide the highest level of cancer care for patients and advance the prevention, treatment, and cure of cancer through advanced research. The legislature intends to foster the development of cooperative and collaborative arrangements between institutions of higher education and private nonprofit comprehensive cancer centers, for the effective and efficient delivery of cancer-related clinical care and as a platform to further advance cancer-related education and research.
(2) Further, the legislature intends that private nonprofit comprehensive cancer centers are not hindered in entering into such collaborations that would benefit the state of Washington and its residents by the application of certain laws governing state agencies.
(3) The legislature intends that private nonprofit comprehensive cancer centers in such collaborative arrangements are not state entities, or quasi-government entities, as a result of any such collaborative arrangement so long as the parties to the collaborative arrangement operate in conformance with section 2 of this act. The legislature further intends that employees of such private nonprofit entities are not state employees as a result of the collaboration so long as the parties to the collaborative arrangement operate in conformance with section 2 of this act.
(4) The legislature intends to maintain existing responsibilities that state institutions of higher education, as state agencies, owe to the citizens of the state, including but not limited to being subject to state audit and public records requirements, and preserving assets in the interest of the citizens of the state. Further, the legislature intends for private comprehensive cancer centers to retain their private status as they enter into the collaborative agreements with state institutions of higher education, described herein. The legislature intends that collaborations between state institutions of higher education and comprehensive cancer centers be governed by contractual arrangements that address, as necessary and appropriate, the intellectual property rights and obligations of the state." [ 2022 c 71 s 1.]

catchline: Comprehensive cancer care collaborative arrangements—Nonstate entity.


title: RCW 28B.10.935

text:
(1) Subject to the availability of amounts appropriated for this specific purpose, each institution of higher education, the university campuses created under chapter 28B.45 RCW, and the tribal college must have a minimum of one benefits navigator employed at a minimum .75 full-time equivalent rate, not to be divided between two or more staff, to assist students in accessing public benefits, existing emergency assistance programs such as those funded by RCW 28B.50.295, and other community resources. Each benefits navigator must be stationed at a single location on campus where students are directed to receive assistance. The institutions of higher education and the tribal college, in coordination with the respective benefits navigators, must each develop a hunger-free and basic needs campus strategic plan by April 1, 2024. Each strategic plan must:
(a) Identify campus food pantry policies that, in practice, create barriers to access and reduce or remove those barriers in the implementation of this subsection;
(b) Review and update methods to identify likely low-income and food-insecure students and conduct communications and outreach methods by the institution to promote opportunities for benefits assistance (such as basic food enrollment, working connections child care enrollment, referrals to the special supplemental nutrition program for women, infants, and children, affordable housing assistance) and emergency financial resources;
(c) Assess the needs and advantages of the benefits navigators;
(d) Identify opportunities for the institution and partnerships with community-based organizations to holistically support students' basic needs, access to benefits and community resources;
(e) Facilitate discussions and generate recommendations amongst community stakeholders on the basic needs of the institution's geographic postsecondary student population; and
(f) Assess the distribution of state funds for basic needs support provided to institutions of higher education and the tribal college.
(2) By the beginning of the 2024-25 academic year, the Washington student achievement council must collect and disseminate results of a student survey developed by the student achievement council, in collaboration with the state board for community and technical colleges and an organization representing the presidents of the public four-year institutions of higher education, to assess food security, housing security, and access to basic economic supports. Results from the survey may be used by the institutions of higher education and the tribal college. Existing survey tools may be used for this purpose.
(3) Public four-year institutions of higher education and their respective university campuses shall coordinate with an organization representing the presidents of the public four-year institutions to submit a report that must include outcomes from implementation of benefits navigators and findings and activities from their respective hunger-free and basic needs campus strategic plans. The community and technical colleges shall coordinate with the state board for community and technical colleges to submit a report that must include outcomes from implementation of benefits navigators and findings and activities from their respective hunger-free and basic needs campus strategic plans. The organizations representing the presidents of the public four-year institutions and the state board for community and technical colleges must submit the reports by December 1, 2025, and every other year thereafter, to the appropriate committees of the legislature in accordance with RCW 43.01.036.
(4) The tribal college shall submit a report that must include the findings and activities from implementation of the benefits navigator and findings and activities from the hunger-free and basic needs campus strategic plan. The tribal college must submit the report by December 1, 2025, and every other year thereafter, to the appropriate committees of the legislature in accordance with RCW 43.01.036.
(5) The definitions in this subsection apply throughout this section unless the context clearly requires otherwise.
(a) "Benefits navigator" means an individual who is employed by an institution of higher education for the purpose of helping students seek, apply for, and receive assistance from benefits programs, emergency resources, and community resources.
(b) "Institutions of higher education" has the same meaning as in RCW 28B.10.016.
(c) "Student basic needs" means food, water, shelter, clothing, physical health, mental health, child care, or similar needs that students enrolled at an institution of higher education or tribal college may face difficulty with and that hinders their ability to begin or continue their enrollment.
(d) "Tribal colleges" means institutions of higher education operated by an Indian tribe as defined in RCW 43.376.010.
[ 2023 c 421 s 2.]
Notes:
Findings—Intent—2023 c 421: "In 2022, students at 39 colleges and universities across Washington state participated in a survey about basic needs insecurities, including access to food, housing, child care, and more. The survey found that nearly half of all students in all regions of the state experienced some type of basic needs insecurity. One in every three students experienced either food insecurity or housing insecurity. One in every 10 students had also experienced homelessness in the previous 12 months. Some students experienced these insecurities at higher rates than others, and former foster youth had the highest rates of basic needs insecurities with 75 percent experiencing either food or housing insecurity. Addressing basic needs challenges for students contributes to their ability to remain enrolled and pursue their educational goals as evidenced by data from the two student support programs the legislature previously enacted, the student emergency assistance grant program and the supporting students experiencing homelessness pilot program. When students received this assistance, an average of 88 percent of them were able to persist in their programs.
Therefore, the legislature intends to continue to support students and help students meet their basic needs by increasing access to resources and support services." [ 2023 c 421 s 1.]

catchline: Hunger-free and basic needs campus strategic plan—Benefits navigators—Survey and reports—Definitions.


title: RCW 28B.10.980

text:
For the purposes of this chapter, the terms spouse, marriage, marital, husband, wife, widow, widower, next of kin, and family shall be interpreted as applying equally to state registered domestic partnerships or individuals in state registered domestic partnerships as well as to marital relationships and married persons, and references to dissolution of marriage shall apply equally to state registered domestic partnerships that have been terminated, dissolved, or invalidated, to the extent that such interpretation does not conflict with federal law. Where necessary to implement chapter 521, Laws of 2009, gender-specific terms such as husband and wife used in any statute, rule, or other law shall be construed to be gender neutral, and applicable to individuals in state registered domestic partnerships.
[ 2009 c 521 s 73.]

catchline: Construction—Chapter applicable to state registered domestic partnerships—2009 c 521.


title: RCW 28B.102.020

text:
Unless the context clearly requires otherwise, the definitions in this section apply throughout this chapter.
(1) "Approved education program" means an education program in a common school as defined in RCW 28A.150.020.
(2) "Certificate" or "certificated" does not include a limited or conditioned certificate.
(3) "Certificated employee" has the definition in RCW 28A.150.203. "Certificated employee" does not include a paraeducator.
(4) "Conditional scholarship" means a loan that is forgiven in whole or in part in exchange for service as a certificated employee in an approved education program.
(5) "Eligible veteran or national guard member" means a Washington domiciliary who was an active or reserve member of the United States military or naval forces, or a national guard member called to active duty, who served in active federal service, under either Title 10 or Title 32 of the United States Code, in a war or conflict fought on foreign soil or in international waters or in another location in support of those serving on foreign soil or in international waters, and if discharged from service, has a qualifying discharge as defined in RCW 73.04.005.
(6) "Forgiven" or "to forgive" or "forgiveness" means that all or part of a loan is canceled in exchange for service as a certificated employee in an approved education program.
(7) "Institution of higher education" or "institution" means a college or university in the state of Washington that is accredited by an accrediting association recognized as such by rule of the student achievement council.
(8) "Loan repayment" means a federal student loan that is repaid in whole or in part if the borrower serves as a certificated employee in an approved education program.
(9) "Office" means the office of student financial assistance.
(10) "Participant" means a person who has received a conditional scholarship or loan repayment under this chapter.
(11) "Public school" has the same meaning as in RCW 28A.150.010.
(12) "Shortage area" means an endorsement or geographic area as defined by the Washington professional educator standards board, in consultation with the office of the superintendent of public instruction, with a shortage of certificated employees. "Shortage area" must be defined biennially using quantitative and qualitative measures.
[ 2024 c 146 s 13; 2019 c 295 s 211; 2012 c 229 s 562. Prior: 2011 1st sp.s. c 11 s 176; 2004 c 58 s 2; 1996 c 53 s 1; 1993 sp.s. c 18 s 36; 1987 c 437 s 2.]
Notes:
Intent—2024 c 146: See note following RCW 73.04.005.
Effective date—Findings—Intent—2019 c 295: See notes following RCW 28A.310.235.
Findings—Intent—2019 c 295: See notes following RCW 28B.10.033.
Intent—2019 c 295: See note following RCW 28B.102.030.
Findings—Intent—2019 c 295: See note following RCW 28A.415.265.
Findings—Intent—2019 c 295: See note following RCW 28A.180.120.
Effective date—2012 c 229 ss 101, 117, 401, 402, 501 through 594, 601 through 609, 701 through 708, 801 through 821, 902, and 904: See note following RCW 28B.77.005.
Effective date—2011 1st sp.s. c 11 ss 101-103, 106-202, 204-244, and 301: See note following RCW 28B.76.020.
Intent—2011 1st sp.s. c 11: See note following RCW 28B.76.020.
Effective date—1996 c 53: "This act shall take effect July 1, 1996." [ 1996 c 53 s 3.]
Effective date—1993 sp.s. c 18: See note following RCW 28B.12.060.

catchline: Definitions.