title: RCW 29A.72.200

text:
If no appeal is taken from the refusal of the secretary of state to file a petition within the time prescribed, or if an appeal is taken and the secretary of state is not required to file the petition by the mandate of either the superior or the supreme court, the secretary of state shall destroy it.
[ 2003 c 111 s 1821. Prior: 1965 c 9 s 29.79.180; prior: 1913 c 138 s 13, part; RRS s 5409, part. Formerly RCW 29.79.180.]

catchline: Petitions—Destruction on final refusal.


doc_type: statute

jurisdiction: wa

title: RCW 29A.72.210

text:
If the secretary of state accepts and files an initiative or referendum petition upon its being submitted for filing or if he or she is required to file it by the court, he or she shall, in the presence of the person submitting such petition for filing if he or she desires to be present, arrange and assemble the sheets containing the signatures into such volumes as will be most convenient for verification and canvassing and shall consecutively number the volumes and stamp the date of filing on each volume.
[ 2003 c 111 s 1822. Prior: 1982 c 116 s 14; 1965 c 9 s 29.79.190; prior: 1913 c 138 s 14; RRS s 5410. Formerly RCW 29.79.190.]

license: public-domain-government-work

rule_set: Revised Code of Washington

catchline: Petitions—Consolidation into volumes.

code: rcw

unit: section

court: Washington State Legislature


title: RCW 29A.72.230

text:
Upon the filing of an initiative or referendum petition, the secretary of state shall proceed to verify and canvass the names of the legal voters on the petition. The verification and canvass of signatures on the petition may be observed by persons representing the advocates and opponents of the proposed measure so long as they make no record of the names, addresses, or other information on the petitions or related records during the verification process except upon the order of the superior court of Thurston county. The secretary of state may limit the number of observers to not less than two on each side, if in his or her opinion, a greater number would cause undue delay or disruption of the verification process. Any such limitation shall apply equally to both sides. The secretary of state may use any statistical sampling techniques for this verification and canvass which have been adopted by rule as provided by chapter 34.05 RCW. No petition will be rejected on the basis of any statistical method employed, and no petition will be accepted on the basis of any statistical method employed if such method indicates that the petition contains fewer than the requisite number of signatures of legal voters. If the secretary of state finds the same name signed to more than one petition, he or she shall reject all but the first such valid signature. For an initiative to the legislature, the secretary of state shall transmit a certified copy of the proposed measure to the legislature at the opening of its session and, as soon as the signatures on the petition have been verified and canvassed, the secretary of state shall send to the legislature a certificate of the facts relating to the filing, verification, and canvass of the petition.
[ 2003 c 111 s 1823. Prior: 1993 c 368 s 1; 1982 c 116 s 15; 1977 ex.s. c 361 s 105; 1969 ex.s. c 107 s 1; 1965 c 9 s 29.79.200; prior: 1933 c 144 s 1; 1913 c 138 s 15; RRS s 5411. Formerly RCW 29.79.200.]
Notes:
Effective date—1993 c 368: "This act is necessary for the immediate preservation of the public peace, health, or safety, or support of the state government and its existing public institutions, and shall take effect July 1, 1993." [ 1993 c 368 s 2.]
Effective date—Severability—1977 ex.s. c 361: See notes following RCW 29A.16.040.

catchline: Petitions—Verification and canvass of signatures, observers—Statistical sampling—Initiatives to legislature, certification of.


title: RCW 29A.72.240

text:
Any citizen dissatisfied with the determination of the secretary of state that an initiative or referendum petition contains or does not contain the requisite number of signatures of legal voters may, within five days after such determination, apply to the superior court of Thurston county for a citation requiring the secretary of state to submit the petition to said court for examination, and for a writ of mandate compelling the certification of the measure and petition, or for an injunction to prevent the certification thereof to the legislature, as the case may be. Such application and all proceedings had thereunder shall take precedence over other cases and shall be speedily heard and determined.
The decision of the superior court granting or refusing to grant the writ of mandate or injunction may be reviewed by the supreme court within five days after the decision of the superior court, and if the supreme court decides that a writ of mandate or injunction, as the case may be, should issue, it shall issue the writ directed to the secretary of state; otherwise, it shall dismiss the proceedings. The clerk of the supreme court shall forthwith notify the secretary of state of the decision of the supreme court.
[ 2003 c 111 s 1824. Prior: 1988 c 202 s 29; 1965 c 9 s 29.79.210; prior: 1913 c 138 s 17; RRS s 5413. Formerly RCW 29.79.210.]
Notes:
Rules of court: Writ procedure superseded by RAP 2.1(b), 2.2, 18.22.
Severability—1988 c 202: See note following RCW 2.24.050.

catchline: Count of signatures—Review.


title: RCW 29A.72.250

text:
If a referendum or initiative petition for submission of a measure to the people is found sufficient, the secretary of state shall at the time and in the manner that he or she certifies to the county auditors of the various counties the names of candidates for state and district officers certify to each county auditor the serial numbers and ballot titles of the several initiative and referendum measures to be voted upon at the next ensuing general election or special election ordered by the legislature.
[ 2023 c 109 s 5; 2013 c 11 s 75; 2008 c 1 s 10 (Initiative Measure No. 960, approved November 6, 2007); 2003 c 111 s 1825; 1965 c 9 s 29.79.230. Prior: 1913 c 138 s 19; RRS s 5415. Formerly RCW 29.79.230.]
Notes:
Findings—2023 c 109: See note following RCW 29A.32.070.
Findings—Intent—Construction—Severability—Subheadings and part headings not law—Short title—Effective date—2008 c 1 (Initiative Measure No. 960): See notes following RCW 43.135.031.

catchline: Initiatives and referenda to the people—Certificates of sufficiency.


title: RCW 29A.72.260

text:
Whenever any measure proposed by initiative petition for submission to the legislature is rejected by the legislature or the legislature takes no action thereon before the end of the regular session at which it is submitted, the secretary of state shall certify the serial number and ballot title thereof to the county auditors for printing on the ballots at the next ensuing general election in like manner as initiative measures for submission to the people are certified.
[ 2003 c 111 s 1826. Prior: 1965 c 9 s 29.79.270; prior: 1913 c 138 s 21; RRS s 5417. Formerly RCW 29.79.270.]

catchline: Rejected initiatives to legislature.


title: RCW 29A.72.270

text:
If the legislature, having rejected a measure submitted to it by initiative petition, proposes a different measure dealing with the same subject, the secretary of state shall give that measure the same number as that borne by the initiative measure followed by the letter "B." Such measure so designated as "Alternative Measure No. . . . . B," together with the ballot title thereof, when ascertained, shall be certified by the secretary of state to the county auditors for printing on the ballots for submission to the voters for their approval or rejection in like manner as initiative measures for submission to the people are certified.
[ 2003 c 111 s 1827. Prior: 1965 c 9 s 29.79.280; prior: 1913 c 138 s 22, part; RRS s 5418, part. Formerly RCW 29.79.280.]

catchline: Alternatives to initiatives to the legislature.


title: RCW 29A.72.280

text:
For a measure designated as "Alternative Measure No. . . . . B," the secretary of state shall obtain from the measure adopting the alternative, or otherwise the attorney general, a concise description of the alternative measure that differs from the concise description of the original initiative and indicates as clearly as possible the essential differences between the two measures.
[ 2003 c 111 s 1828. Prior: 2000 c 197 s 6; 1965 c 9 s 29.79.290; prior: 1913 c 138 s 22, part; RRS s 5418, part. Formerly RCW 29.79.290.]
Notes:
Part headings not law—2000 c 197: See note following RCW 29A.72.050.

catchline: Concise description for alternative to initiative to the legislature.


title: RCW 29A.72.290

text:
The county auditor of each county shall print the serial numbers, ballot titles, and public investment impact disclosures certified by the secretary of state on the official ballots for the election at which initiative and referendum measures are to be submitted to the people for their approval or rejection. They must appear under separate headings in the order of the serial numbers as follows:
(1) Initiatives to the people;
(2) Referendum measures;
(3) Referendum bills;
(4) Initiatives to the legislature;
(5) Initiatives to the legislature and legislative alternatives;
(6) Proposed constitutional amendments.
[ 2023 c 109 s 6; 2022 c 114 s 4; 2013 c 11 s 76; 2008 c 1 s 11 (Initiative Measure No. 960, approved November 6, 2007); 2003 c 111 s 1829; 1965 c 9 s 29.79.300. Prior: 1913 c 138 s 23; RRS s 5419. Formerly RCW 29.79.300.]
Notes:
Findings—2023 c 109: See note following RCW 29A.32.070.
Findings—2022 c 114: See note following RCW 29A.72.027.
Findings—Intent—Construction—Severability—Subheadings and part headings not law—Short title—Effective date—2008 c 1 (Initiative Measure No. 960): See notes following RCW 43.135.031.

catchline: Printing ballot titles on ballots—Separate headings.


title: RCW 29A.76.010

text:
(1) It is the responsibility of each county, municipal corporation, and special purpose district with a governing body comprised of internal director, council, or commissioner districts not based on statutorily required land ownership criteria to periodically redistrict its governmental unit, based on population information from the most recent federal decennial census as adjusted by RCW 44.05.140.
(2) Within forty-five days after receipt of federal decennial census information applicable to a specific local area, the commission established in RCW 44.05.030 shall forward the census information to each municipal corporation, county, and district charged with redistricting under this section.
(3) Except as otherwise provided in chapter 301, Laws of 2018, no later than November 15th of each year ending in one, the governing body of the municipal corporation, county, or district shall prepare a plan for redistricting its internal or director districts.
(4) The plan shall be consistent with the following criteria:
(a) Each internal director, council, or commissioner district shall be as nearly equal in population as possible to each and every other such district comprising the municipal corporation, county, or special purpose district.
(b) Each district shall be as compact as possible.
(c) Each district shall consist of geographically contiguous area.
(d) Population data may not be used for purposes of favoring or disfavoring any racial group or political party.
(e) To the extent feasible and if not inconsistent with the basic enabling legislation for the municipal corporation, county, or district, the district boundaries shall coincide with existing recognized natural boundaries and shall, to the extent possible, preserve existing communities of related and mutual interest.
(5) During the adoption of its plan, the municipal corporation, county, or district shall ensure that full and reasonable public notice of its actions is provided. Before adopting the plan, the municipal corporation, county, or district must:
(a) Publish the draft plan and hold a meeting, including notice and comment, within ten days of publishing the draft plan and at least one week before adopting the plan; and
(b) Amend the draft as necessary after receiving public comments and resubmit any amended draft plan for additional written public comment at least one week before adopting the plan.
(6)(a) Any registered voter residing in an area affected by the redistricting plan may request review of the adopted local plan by the superior court of the county in which he or she resides, within fifteen days of the plan's adoption. Any request for review must specify the reason or reasons alleged why the local plan is not consistent with the applicable redistricting criteria. The municipal corporation, county, or district may be joined as respondent. The superior court shall thereupon review the challenged plan for compliance with the applicable redistricting criteria set out in subsection (4) of this section.
(b) If the superior court finds the plan to be consistent with the requirements of this section, the plan shall take effect immediately.
(c) If the superior court determines the plan does not meet the requirements of this section, in whole or in part, it shall remand the plan for further or corrective action within a specified and reasonable time period.
(d) If the superior court finds that any request for review is frivolous or has been filed solely for purposes of harassment or delay, it may impose appropriate sanctions on the party requesting review, including payment of attorneys' fees and costs to the respondent municipal corporation, county, or district.
[ 2022 c 48 s 2; (2022 c 48 s 1 expired January 1, 2023); 2021 c 173 s 2; (2021 c 173 s 1 expired January 1, 2023); 2018 c 301 s 8; 2011 c 349 s 26; 2003 c 111 s 1901. Prior: 1984 c 13 s 4; 1983 c 16 s 15; 1982 c 2 s 27. Formerly RCW 29.70.100.]
Notes:
Effective date—2022 c 48 s 2: "Section 2 of this act takes effect January 1, 2023." [ 2022 c 48 s 4.]
Expiration date—2022 c 48 s 1: "Section 1 of this act expires January 1, 2023." [ 2022 c 48 s 3.]
Effective date—2021 c 173 ss 2 and 4: "Sections 2 and 4 of this act take effect January 1, 2023." [ 2021 c 173 s 6.]
Effective date—2021 c 173 ss 1 and 3: "Sections 1 and 3 of this act are necessary for the immediate preservation of the public peace, health, or safety, or support of the state government and its existing public institutions, and take effect immediately [May 3, 2021]." [ 2021 c 173 s 7.]
Expiration date—2021 c 173 ss 1 and 3: "Sections 1 and 3 of this act expire January 1, 2023." [ 2021 c 173 s 5.]
Findings—Short title—2018 c 301: See notes following RCW 36.32.051.
Effective date—2011 c 349: See note following RCW 29A.04.255.
Contingent effective date—1983 c 16: See RCW 44.05.900.

catchline: Counties, municipal corporations, and special purpose districts.


title: RCW 29A.76.020

text:
The legislative authority of each county and each city, town, and special purpose district which lies within the county shall provide the county auditor accurate information describing its geographical boundaries and the boundaries of its director, council, or commissioner districts and shall ensure that the information provided to the auditor is kept current.
[ 2013 c 11 s 77; 2003 c 111 s 1902. Prior: 1991 c 178 s 2. Formerly RCW 29.15.026, 29.04.220.]

catchline: Boundary information.


title: RCW 29A.76.040

text:
(1) With regard to functions relating to census, apportionment, and the establishment of legislative and congressional districts, the secretary of state shall:
(a) Coordinate and monitor precinct mapping functions of the county auditors and county engineers;
(b) Maintain official state base maps and correspondence lists and maintain an index of all such maps and lists;
(c) Furnish to the United States bureau of the census as needed for the decennial census of population, current, accurate, and easily readable versions of maps of all counties, cities, towns, and other areas of this state, which indicate current precinct boundaries together with copies of the census correspondence lists.
(2) The secretary of state shall serve as the state liaison with the United States bureau of census on matters relating to the preparation of maps and the tabulation of population for apportionment purposes.
[ 2003 c 111 s 1904; 1989 c 278 s 2; 1977 ex.s. c 128 s 4; 1975-'76 2nd ex.s. c 129 s 2. Formerly RCW 29.04.140.]
Notes:
Severability—1977 ex.s. c 128: See note following RCW 29A.16.040.
Effective date—1975-'76 2nd ex.s. c 129: "This 1976 amendatory act shall take effect on February 1, 1977." [1975-'76 2nd ex.s. c 129 s 5.]
Severability—1975-'76 2nd ex.s. c 129: "If any provision of this 1976 amendatory act, or its application to any person or circumstance is held invalid, the remainder of the act, or the application of the provision to other persons or circumstances is not affected." [1975-'76 2nd ex.s. c 129 s 6.]

catchline: Maps and census correspondence lists—Apportionment—Duties of secretary of state.


title: RCW 29A.76.050

text:
In any change to its electoral system under RCW 29A.92.040 or preparation of a redistricting plan under RCW 29A.92.040, political subdivisions may use population data regarding political parties only to the extent necessary to ensure compliance with chapter 113, Laws of 2018 or federal law.
[ 2018 c 113 s 502.]
Notes:
Findings—Intent—Short title—2018 c 113: See RCW 29A.92.005 and 29A.92.900.

catchline: Voluntary change to electoral system—Use of population data regarding political parties.


title: RCW 29A.80.010

text:
Each political party organization may adopt rules governing its own organization and the nonstatutory functions of that organization.
[ 2005 c 2 s 14 (Initiative Measure No. 872, approved November 2, 2004); 2003 c 111 s 2001; 1977 ex.s. c 329 s 16; 1965 c 9 s 29.42.010. Prior: 1961 c 130 s 2; prior: 1943 c 178 s 1, part; 1939 c 48 s 1, part; 1927 c 200 s 1, part; 1925 ex.s. c 158 s 1, part; 1909 c 82 s 6, part; 1907 c 209 s 22, part; Rem. Supp. 1943 s 5198, part. Formerly RCW 29.42.010.]
Notes:
Reviser's note: RCW 29A.80.010 was amended by 2005 c 2 s 14 (Initiative Measure No. 872) without cognizance of its repeal by 2004 c 271 s 193. For rule of construction, see RCW 1.12.025.
Short title—Intent—Contingent effective date—2005 c 2 (Initiative Measure No. 872): See notes following RCW 29A.52.112.
PDF
RCW 29A.80.010
Authority—Generally.
[ 2003 c 111 s 2001; 1977 ex.s. c 329 s 16; 1965 c 9 s 29.42.010. Prior: 1961 c 130 s 2; prior: 1943 c 178 s 1, part; 1939 c 48 s 1, part; 1927 c 200 s 1, part; 1925 ex.s. c 158 s 1, part; 1909 c 82 s 6, part; 1907 c 209 s 22, part; Rem. Supp. 1943 s 5198, part. Formerly RCW 29.42.010.]Repealed by 2004 c 271 s 193.
Notes:
Reviser's note: RCW 29A.80.010 was amended by 2005 c 2 s 14 (Initiative Measure No. 872) without cognizance of its repeal by 2004 c 271 s 193. For rule of construction, see RCW 1.12.025.

catchline: Rule-making authority.


title: RCW 29A.80.020

text:
The state committee of each major political party consists of one committeeman and one committeewoman from each county elected by the county central committee at its organization meeting. It must have a chair and vice chair of opposite sexes. This committee shall meet during January of each odd-numbered year for the purpose of organization at a time and place designated by a notice mailed at least one week before the date of the meeting to all new state committeemen and committeewomen by the authorized officers of the retiring committee. At its organizational meeting it shall elect its chair and vice chair, and such officers as its bylaws may provide, and adopt bylaws, rules, and regulations. It may:
(1) Call conventions at such time and place and under such circumstances and for such purposes as the call to convention designates. The manner, number, and procedure for selection of state convention delegates is subject to the committee's rules and regulations duly adopted;
(2) Provide for the election of delegates to national conventions;
(3) Provide for the nomination of presidential electors; and
(4) Perform all functions inherent in such an organization.
Notwithstanding any provision of this chapter, the committee may not adopt rules governing the conduct of the actual proceedings at a party state convention.
[ 2013 c 11 s 79; 2003 c 111 s 2002; 1987 c 295 s 11; 1972 ex.s. c 45 s 1; 1965 c 9 s 29.42.020. Prior: 1961 c 130 s 3; prior: 1943 c 178 s 1, part; 1939 c 48 s 1, part; 1927 c 200 s 1, part; 1925 ex.s. c 158 s 1, part; 1909 c 82 s 6, part; 1907 c 209 s 22, part; Rem. Supp. 1943 s 5198, part. Formerly RCW 29.42.020.]

catchline: State committee.


title: RCW 29A.80.030

text:
The county central committee of each major political party consists of the precinct committee officers of the party from the several voting precincts of the county. Following each state general election held in even-numbered years, this committee shall meet for the purpose of organization at an easily accessible location within the county, subsequent to the certification of precinct committee officers by the county auditor and no later than the second Saturday of the following January. The authorized officers of the retiring committee shall cause notice of the time and place of the meeting to be mailed to each precinct committee officer at least seventy-two hours before the date of the meeting.
At its organization meeting, the county central committee shall elect a chair and vice chair of opposite sexes.
[ 2003 c 111 s 2003; 1987 c 295 s 12; 1973 c 85 s 1; 1973 c 4 s 5; 1965 c 9 s 29.42.030. Prior: 1961 c 130 s 4; prior: 1943 c 178 s 1, part; 1939 c 48 s 1, part; 1927 c 200 s 1, part; 1925 ex.s. c 158 s 1, part; 1909 c 82 s 6, part; 1907 c 209 s 22, part; Rem. Supp. 1943 s 5198, part. Formerly RCW 29.42.030.]

catchline: County central committee—Organization meetings.


title: RCW 29A.80.031

text:
If a vacancy occurs in the office of precinct committee officer by reason of death, resignation, or disqualification of the incumbent, or because of failure to elect, the respective county chair of the county central committee shall fill the vacancy by appointment. However, in a legislative district having a majority of its precincts in a county with a population of one million or more, the appointment may be made only upon the recommendation of the legislative district chair. The person so appointed must have the same qualifications as candidates when filing for election to the office for that precinct. When a vacancy in the office of precinct committee officer exists because of failure to elect at a state primary, the vacancy may not be filled until after the organization meeting of the county central committee and the new county chair has been selected as provided by RCW 29A.80.030.
[ 2004 c 271 s 120. Formerly RCW 29A.28.071.]

catchline: Precinct committee officer.


title: RCW 29A.80.041

text:
(1) Any member of a major political party who is a registered voter in the precinct and who will be at least eighteen years old by the date of the precinct committee officer election may file his or her declaration of candidacy as prescribed under RCW 29A.24.031 with the county auditor for the office of precinct committee officer of his or her party in that precinct.
(2) Disclosure of filing information for precinct committee officer candidates who have not reached the age of 18 is the same as all candidates for precinct committee officer.
(3) When elected at the primary, the precinct committee officer shall serve so long as the committee officer remains an eligible voter in that precinct.
[ 2023 c 361 s 11; 2020 c 208 s 19; 2009 c 106 s 3; 2004 c 271 s 148.]
Notes:
Short title—Findings—2020 c 208: See notes following RCW 29A.08.210.

catchline: Precinct committee officer, eligibility.


title: RCW 29A.80.051

text:
The statutory requirements for filing as a candidate at the primaries apply to candidates for precinct committee officer. The office must be voted upon at the primaries, and the names of all candidates in contested races must appear under the proper party and office designations on the ballot for the primary for each even-numbered year. The candidate receiving the highest number of votes will be declared elected. The term of office of precinct committee officer is two years, commencing the first day of December following the primary.
[ 2012 c 89 s 5; 2004 c 271 s 149.]
Notes:
Intent—Finding—Effective date—2012 c 89: See notes following RCW 29A.24.311.


title: RCW 29A.80.061

text:
Within 45 days after the statewide general election in even-numbered years, the county chair of each major political party shall call separate meetings of all elected precinct committee officers in each legislative district for the purpose of selecting a legislative district chair in such district. The district chair shall hold office until the next legislative district reorganizational meeting two years later, or until a successor is selected.
The legislative district chair may be removed only by the majority vote of the elected precinct committee officers in the chair's district.
[ 2024 c 232 s 4; 2004 c 271 s 150.]


title: RCW 29A.84.010

text:
(1) A county auditor who suspects a person of fraudulent voter registration, vote tampering, or irregularities in voting shall transmit his or her suspicions and observations without delay to the canvassing board.
(2) The county auditor shall make a good faith effort to contact the person in question without delay. If the county auditor is unable to contact the person, or if, after contacting the person, the auditor still suspects fraudulent voter registration, vote tampering, or irregularities in voting, the auditor shall refer the issue to the county prosecuting attorney to determine if further action is warranted.
(3) When a complaint providing information concerning fraudulent voter registration, vote tampering, or irregularities in voting is presented to the office of the prosecuting attorney, that office shall file charges in all cases where warranted.
[ 2003 c 111 s 2101; 2001 c 41 s 12. Formerly RCW 29.85.245.]

catchline: Voting, registration irregularities.


title: RCW 29A.84.020

text:
Every officer who willfully violates RCW 29A.56.110 through 29A.56.270, for the violation of which no penalty is prescribed in this title or who willfully fails to comply with the provisions of RCW 29A.56.110 through 29A.56.270 is guilty of a gross misdemeanor.
[ 2011 c 10 s 67; 2003 c 111 s 2102; 1965 c 9 s 29.82.210. Prior: 1953 c 113 s 1; prior: 1913 c 146 s 16, part; RRS s 5365, part. Formerly RCW 29.82.210.]
Notes:
Notice to registered poll voters—Elections by mail—2011 c 10: See note following RCW 29A.04.008.

catchline: Violations by officers.


title: RCW 29A.84.030

text:
A person who willfully violates any provision of this title regarding the conduct of mail ballot primaries or elections is guilty of a class C felony punishable under RCW 9A.20.021.
[ 2003 c 111 s 2103; 2001 c 241 s 21. Formerly RCW 29.38.070.]

catchline: Penalty.


title: RCW 29A.84.040

text:
A person who removes or defaces lawfully placed political advertising including yard signs or billboards without authorization is guilty of a misdemeanor punishable to the same extent as a misdemeanor that is punishable under RCW 9A.20.021. The defacement or removal of each item constitutes a separate violation.
[ 2003 c 111 s 2104. Prior: 1991 c 81 s 19; 1984 c 216 s 5. Formerly RCW 29.85.275.]
Notes:
Effective date—1991 c 81: See note following RCW 29A.84.540.
Political advertising
generally: RCW 29B.30.050 through 29B.30.080.
rates for candidates: RCW 65.16.095.

catchline: Political advertising, removing or defacing.


title: RCW 29A.84.050

text:
(1) A person who knowingly destroys, alters, defaces, conceals, or discards a completed voter registration form, signed ballot declaration, or voted ballot is guilty of a gross misdemeanor. This section does not apply to (a) the voter who completed the form or declaration, or (b) a county auditor who acts as authorized by law.
(2) Any person who intentionally fails to return another person's completed voter registration form, signed ballot declaration, or voted ballot to the proper state or county elections office by the applicable deadline is guilty of a gross misdemeanor.
[ 2024 c 28 s 10; 2011 c 10 s 68; 2005 c 243 s 23.]
Notes:
Notice to registered poll voters—Elections by mail—2011 c 10: See note following RCW 29A.04.008.

catchline: Tampering with registration form or ballot declaration.


title: RCW 29A.84.060

text:
(1) The attorney general may bring a civil action for such declaratory or injunctive relief as is necessary to carry out the provisions of RCW 29A.40.170 (3) and (4) in the superior court of the county in which the violation is alleged to have occurred.
(2) A person or federally recognized tribal government may bring a civil action for declaratory or injunctive relief with respect to RCW 29A.08.112(3), 29.08.310(2), or 29A.40.170 (3) and (4), in the superior court of the county in which the violation is alleged to have occurred if:
(a) In the case of a violation that occurs more than one hundred twenty days before an election, that person or tribal government provides notice of the violation to the secretary of state, the violation remains, and ninety days or more have passed since the secretary of state has received the written notice;
(b) In the case of a violation that occurs one hundred twenty days or fewer before an election, that person or tribal government provides notice of the violation to the secretary of state, the violation remains and twenty days or more have passed since the secretary of state has received the written notice; or
(c) In the case of a violation that occurs thirty days or fewer before an election, without providing notice of the violation to the secretary of state.
[ 2019 c 6 s 7.]

catchline: Native American voting rights—Civil actions.


title: RCW 29A.84.110

text:
If any county auditor or registration assistant, including government agency employees providing voter registration services under the requirements of state law or the national voter registration act of 1993:
(1) Willfully neglects or refuses to perform any duty required by law in connection with the registration of voters; or
(2) Willfully neglects or refuses to perform such duty in the manner required by voter registration law; or
(3) Enters or causes or permits to be entered on the voter registration records the name of any person in any other manner or at any other time than as prescribed by voter registration law or enters or causes or permits to be entered on such records the name of any person not entitled to be thereon; or
(4) Destroys, mutilates, conceals, changes, or alters any registration record in connection therewith except as authorized by voter registration law,
that person is guilty of a gross misdemeanor punishable to the same extent as a gross misdemeanor that is punishable under RCW 9A.20.021.
[ 2023 c 466 s 33; 2003 c 111 s 2105. Prior: 1994 c 57 s 24; 1991 c 81 s 11; 1965 c 9 s 29.85.190; prior: 1933 c 1 s 26; RRS s 5114-26; prior: 1889 p 418 s 15; RRS s 5133. Formerly RCW 29.07.400, 29.85.190.]
Notes:
Severability—1994 c 57: See note following RCW 29A.16.040.
Effective date—1991 c 81: See note following RCW 29A.84.540.

catchline: Officials' violations.


title: RCW 29A.84.120

text:
An election officer or a person who intentionally disenfranchises an eligible citizen or discriminates against a person eligible to vote by denying voter registration is guilty of a misdemeanor punishable under RCW 9A.20.021.
[ 2003 c 111 s 2106. Prior: 2001 c 41 s 2. Formerly RCW 29.07.405.]

catchline: Disenfranchisement or discrimination.


title: RCW 29A.84.130

text:
Any person who:
(1) Knowingly provides false information on an application for voter registration under any provision of this title;
(2) Knowingly makes or attests to a false declaration as to his or her qualifications as a voter;
(3) Knowingly causes or permits himself or herself to be registered using the name of another person;
(4) Knowingly causes himself or herself to be registered under two or more different names;
(5) Knowingly causes himself or herself to be registered in two or more counties;
(6) Offers to pay another person to assist in registering voters, where payment is based on a fixed amount of money per voter registration;
(7) Accepts payment for assisting in registering voters, where payment is based on a fixed amount of money per voter registration; or
(8) Knowingly causes any person to be registered or causes any registration to be transferred or canceled except as authorized under this title,
is guilty of a class C felony punishable under RCW 9A.20.021.
[ 2003 c 111 s 2107. Prior: 1994 c 57 s 25; 1991 c 81 s 12; 1990 c 143 s 12; 1977 ex.s. c 361 s 110; 1965 c 9 s 29.85.200; prior: 1933 c 1 s 27; RRS s 5114-27; prior: 1893 c 45 s 5; 1889 p 418 s 16; RRS s 5136. Formerly RCW 29.07.410, 29.85.200.]
Notes:
Severability—Effective date—1994 c 57: See notes following RCW 29A.16.040.
Effective date—1991 c 81: See note following RCW 29A.84.540.
Effective date—Severability—1977 ex.s. c 361: See notes following RCW 29A.16.040.

catchline: Voter violations.


title: RCW 29A.84.140

text:
A person who knows that he or she does not possess the legal qualifications of a voter and who registers to vote is guilty of a class C felony. This section does not apply to persons age sixteen or seventeen signing up to register to vote as authorized under RCW 29A.08.170 or 29A.08.355(2).
[ 2020 c 208 s 20; 2018 c 109 s 13; 2005 c 246 s 22; 2003 c 111 s 2108. Prior: 2001 c 41 s 13. Formerly RCW 29.85.249.]
Notes:
Effective date—2020 c 208 ss 7, 8, 18, 20, and 21: See note following RCW 29A.08.355.
Short title—Findings—2020 c 208: See notes following RCW 29A.08.210.
Findings—Intent—Effective date—2018 c 109: See notes following RCW 29A.08.170.
Effective date—2005 c 246: See note following RCW 10.64.140.

catchline: Unqualified registration.


title: RCW 29A.84.150

text:
(1) Any state or local election officer, or a designee, who has access to any county or statewide voter registration database who knowingly uses, discloses, or alters information in the database inconsistent with the performance of his or her duties is guilty of a class C felony, punishable under RCW 9A.20.021.
(2) The Washington driver's license number, Washington identification card number, social security number, and full birthdate, shown on an affidavit of voter registration or included in a voter registration file are confidential and shall not be disclosed to any person except to state or local election officers and election officials unless authorized by the office of the secretary of state. Any state or local election officer, or designee, who knowingly violates this subsection is guilty of a class C felony punishable under RCW 9A.20.021.
[ 2026 c 213 s 2; 2004 c 267 s 138.]
Notes:
Effective date—2026 c 213: "This act is necessary for the immediate preservation of the public peace, health, or safety, or support of the state government and its existing public institutions, and takes effect immediately [March 25, 2026]." [ 2026 c 213 s 3.]
Effective dates—2004 c 267: See note following RCW 29A.08.010.

catchline: Misuse, disclosure, or alteration of registration database.


title: RCW 29A.84.210

text:
Every officer who willfully violates any of the provisions of chapter 29A.72 RCW or RCW 29A.32.010 through 29A.32.121, for the violation of which no penalty is herein prescribed, or who willfully fails to comply with the provisions of chapter 29A.72 RCW or RCW 29A.32.010 through 29A.32.121, is guilty of a gross misdemeanor punishable to the same extent as a gross misdemeanor that is punishable under RCW 9A.20.021.
[ 2013 c 11 s 80; 2003 c 111 s 2109; 1993 c 256 s 3; 1965 c 9 s 29.79.480. Prior: 1913 c 138 s 32, part; RRS s 5428, part. Formerly RCW 29.79.480.]
Notes:
Severability—Effective date—1993 c 256: See notes following RCW 29A.84.280.


title: RCW 29A.84.220

text:
Every person is guilty of a gross misdemeanor, who:
(1) For any consideration, compensation, gratuity, reward, or thing of value or promise thereof, signs or declines to sign any recall petition; or
(2) Advertises in any newspaper, magazine or other periodical publication, or in any book, pamphlet, circular, or letter, or by means of any sign, signboard, bill, poster, handbill, or card, or in any manner whatsoever, that he or she will either for or without compensation or consideration circulate, solicit, procure, or obtain signatures upon, or influence or induce or attempt to influence or induce persons to sign or not to sign any recall petition or vote for or against any recall; or
(3) For pay or any consideration, compensation, gratuity, reward, or thing of value or promise thereof, circulates, or solicits, procures, or obtains or attempts to procure or obtain signatures upon any recall petition; or
(4) Pays or offers or promises to pay, or gives or offers or promises to give any consideration, compensation, gratuity, reward, or thing of value to any person to induce him or her to sign or not to sign, or to circulate or solicit, procure, or attempt to procure or obtain signatures upon any recall petition, or to vote for or against any recall; or
(5) By any other corrupt means or practice or by threats or intimidation interferes with or attempts to interfere with the right of any legal voter to sign or not to sign any recall petition or to vote for or against any recall; or
(6) Receives, accepts, handles, distributes, pays out, or gives away, directly or indirectly, any money, consideration, compensation, gratuity, reward, or thing of value contributed by or received from any person, firm, association, or corporation whose residence or principal office is, or the majority of whose stockholders are nonresidents of the state of Washington, for any service, work, or assistance of any kind done or rendered for the purpose of aiding in procuring signatures upon any recall petition or the adoption or rejection of any recall.
[ 2003 c 111 s 2110; 1984 c 170 s 12; 1965 c 9 s 29.82.220. Prior: 1953 c 113 s 2; prior: 1913 c 146 s 16, part; RRS s 5365, part. Formerly RCW 29.82.220.]
Notes:
Misconduct in signing a petition: RCW 9.44.080.


title: RCW 29A.84.230

text:
(1) Every person who signs an initiative or referendum petition with any other than his or her true name is guilty of a class C felony punishable under RCW 9A.20.021.
(2) Every person who knowingly signs more than one petition for the same initiative or referendum measure or who signs an initiative or referendum petition knowing that he or she is not a legal voter or who makes a false statement as to his or her residence on any initiative or referendum petition, is guilty of a gross misdemeanor.
[ 2003 c 111 s 2111; 2003 c 53 s 182; 1993 c 256 s 2; 1965 c 9 s 29.79.440. Prior: 1913 c 138 s 31; RRS s 5427. Formerly RCW 29.79.440, 29.79.450, 29.79.460, 29.79.470.]
Notes:
Reviser's note: This section was amended by 2003 c 53 s 182 and by 2003 c 111 s 2111, each without reference to the other. Both amendments are incorporated in the publication of this section under RCW 1.12.025(2). For rule of construction, see RCW 1.12.025(1).
Intent—Effective date—2003 c 53: See notes following RCW 2.48.180.
Severability—Effective date—1993 c 256: See notes following RCW 29A.84.280.
Misconduct in signing a petition: RCW 9.44.080.
Only registered voters may vote—Exception: RCW 29A.04.210.
Registration, information from voter as to qualifications: RCW 29A.08.210.
Residence
contingencies affecting: State Constitution Art. 6 s 4.
defined: RCW 29A.04.151.

catchline: Violations by signers—Initiative, referendum petitions—Penalty.


title: RCW 29A.84.240

text:
(1) Every person who signs a recall petition with any other than his or her true name is guilty of a class B felony punishable according to chapter 9A.20 RCW.
(2) Every person who knowingly (a) signs more than one petition for the same recall, (b) signs a recall petition when he or she is not a legal voter, or (c) makes a false statement as to residence on any recall petition is guilty of a gross misdemeanor.
(3) Every registration officer who makes any false report or certificate on any recall petition is guilty of a gross misdemeanor.
[ 2004 c 266 s 19. Prior: 2003 c 111 s 2112; 2003 c 53 s 183; 1984 c 170 s 11; 1965 c 9 s 29.82.170; prior: 1913 c 146 s 15; RRS s 5364. Formerly RCW 29.82.170, 29.82.180, 29.82.190, 29.82.200.]
Notes:
Effective date—2004 c 266: See note following RCW 29A.04.575.
Intent—Effective date—2003 c 53: See notes following RCW 2.48.180.
Misconduct in signing a petition: RCW 9.44.080.

catchline: Violations by signers, officers—Recall petitions—Penalty.


title: RCW 29A.84.250

text:
Every person is guilty of a gross misdemeanor who:
(1) For any consideration or gratuity or promise thereof, signs or declines to sign any initiative or referendum petition; or
(2) Provides or receives consideration for soliciting or procuring signatures on an initiative or referendum petition if any part of the consideration is based upon the number of signatures solicited or procured, or offers to provide or agrees to receive such consideration any of which is based on the number of signatures solicited or procured; or
(3) Gives or offers any consideration or gratuity to any person to induce him or her to sign or not to sign or to vote for or against any initiative or referendum measure; or
(4) Interferes with or attempts to interfere with the right of any voter to sign or not to sign an initiative or referendum petition or with the right to vote for or against an initiative or referendum measure by threats, intimidation, or any other corrupt means or practice; or
(5) Receives, handles, distributes, pays out, or gives away, directly or indirectly, money or any other thing of value contributed by or received from any person, firm, association, or corporation whose residence or principal office is, or the majority of whose members or stockholders have their residence outside, the state of Washington, for any service rendered for the purpose of aiding in procuring signatures upon any initiative or referendum petition or for the purpose of aiding in the adoption or rejection of any initiative or referendum measure. This subsection does not apply to or prohibit any activity that is properly reported in accordance with the applicable provisions of Title 29B RCW.
A gross misdemeanor under this section is punishable to the same extent as a gross misdemeanor that is punishable under RCW 9A.20.021.
[ 2024 c 164 s 508; 2011 c 60 s 14; 2003 c 111 s 2113; 1993 c 256 s 4; 1975-'76 2nd ex.s. c 112 s 2; 1965 c 9 s 29.79.490. Prior: 1913 c 138 s 32, part; RRS s 5428, part. Formerly RCW 29.79.490.]
Notes:
Intent—Construction—Rules remain valid—Effective date—2024 c 164: See notes following RCW 29B.10.010.
Effective date—2011 c 60: See note following RCW 29B.20.030.
Severability—Effective date—1993 c 256: See notes following RCW 29A.84.280.
Construction—1975-'76 2nd ex.s. c 112: See note following RCW 29B.60.020.
Misconduct in signing a petition: RCW 9.44.080.

catchline: Violations—Corrupt practices—Initiative, referendum petitions.


title: RCW 29A.84.261

text:
The following apply to persons signing filing fee petitions prescribed by RCW 29A.24.101:
(1) A person who signs a petition with any other than his or her name shall be guilty of a misdemeanor.
(2) A person shall be guilty of a misdemeanor if the person knowingly: Signs more than one petition for any single candidacy of any single candidate; signs the petition when he or she is not a legal voter; or makes a false statement as to his or her residence.
[ 2013 c 11 s 81; 2004 c 271 s 184.]

catchline: Petitions—Improperly signing.


title: RCW 29A.84.270

text:
Any person who with intent to mislead or confuse the electors conspires with another person who has a surname similar to an incumbent seeking reelection to the same office, or to an opponent for the same office whose political reputation has been well established, by persuading such other person to file for such office with no intention of being elected, but to defeat the incumbent or the well-known opponent, is guilty of a class B felony punishable according to chapter 9A.20 RCW. In addition, all conspirators are subject to a suit for civil damages, the amount of which may not exceed the salary that the injured person would have received had he or she been elected or reelected.
[ 2004 c 266 s 20. Prior: 2003 c 111 s 2115; 2003 c 53 s 178; 1965 c 9 s 29.18.080; prior: 1943 c 198 s 6; Rem. Supp. 1943 s 5213-15. Formerly RCW 29.15.110, 29.18.080.]
Notes:
Effective date—2004 c 266: See note following RCW 29A.04.575.
Intent—Effective date—2003 c 53: See notes following RCW 2.48.180.

catchline: Duplication of names—Conspiracy—Criminal and civil liability.


title: RCW 29A.84.280

text:
The legislature finds that paying a worker, whose task it is to secure the signatures of voters on initiative or referendum petitions, on the basis of the number of signatures the worker secures on the petitions encourages the introduction of fraud in the signature gathering process. Such a form of payment may act as an incentive for the worker to encourage a person to sign a petition which the person is not qualified to sign or to sign a petition for a ballot measure even if the person has already signed a petition for the measure. Such payments also threaten the integrity of the initiative and referendum process by providing an incentive for misrepresenting the nature or effect of a ballot measure in securing petition signatures for the measure.
[ 2003 c 111 s 2116. Prior: 1993 c 256 s 1. Formerly RCW 29.79.500.]
Notes:
Severability—1993 c 256: "If any provision of this act or its application to any person or circumstance is held invalid, the remainder of the act or the application of the provision to other persons or circumstances is not affected." [ 1993 c 256 s 15.]
Effective date—1993 c 256: "This act is necessary for the immediate preservation of the public peace, health, or safety, or support of the state government and its existing public institutions, and shall take effect immediately [May 7, 1993]." [ 1993 c 256 s 16.]

catchline: Paid petition solicitors—Finding.


title: RCW 29A.84.311

text:
Every person who:
(1) Knowingly provides false information on his or her declaration of candidacy or petition of nomination; or
(2) Conceals or fraudulently defaces or destroys a certificate that has been filed with an elections officer under chapter 29A.20 RCW or a declaration of candidacy or petition of nomination that has been filed with an elections officer, or any part of such a certificate, declaration, or petition, is guilty of a class C felony punishable under RCW 9A.20.021.
[ 2004 c 271 s 185.]

catchline: Candidacy declarations, nominating petitions.


title: RCW 29A.84.320

text:
A person is guilty of a class B felony punishable according to chapter 9A.20 RCW who files a declaration of candidacy for any public office of:
(1) A nonexistent or fictitious person; or
(2) The name of any person not his or her true name; or
(3) A name similar to that of an incumbent seeking reelection to the same office with intent to confuse and mislead the electors by taking advantage of the public reputation of the incumbent; or
(4) A surname similar to one who has already filed for the same office, and whose political reputation is widely known, with intent to confuse and mislead the electors by capitalizing on the public reputation of the candidate who had previously filed.
[ 2003 c 111 s 2118; 2003 c 53 s 177; 1965 c 9 s 29.18.070. Prior: (i) 1943 c 198 s 2; Rem. Supp. 1943 s 5213-11. (ii) 1943 c 198 s 3; Rem. Supp. 1943 s 5213-12. Formerly RCW 29.15.100, 29.18.070.]
Notes:
Reviser's note: This section was amended by 2003 c 53 s 177 and by 2003 c 111 s 2118, each without reference to the other. Both amendments are incorporated in the publication of this section under RCW 1.12.025(2). For rule of construction, see RCW 1.12.025(1).
Intent—Effective date—2003 c 53: See notes following RCW 2.48.180.

catchline: Duplicate, nonexistent, untrue names—Penalty.


title: RCW 29A.84.410

text:
Any person who is retained or employed by any officer authorized by the laws of this state to procure the printing of any official ballot or who is engaged in printing official ballots is guilty of a gross misdemeanor if the person knowingly:
(1) Appropriates any official ballot to himself or herself; or
(2) Gives or delivers any official ballot to or permits any official ballot to be taken by any person other than the officer authorized by law to receive it; or
(3) Prints or causes to be printed any official ballot: (a) In any other form than that prescribed by law or as directed by the officer authorized to procure the printing thereof; or (b) with any other names thereon or with the names spelled otherwise than as directed by such officer, or the names or printing thereon arranged in any other way than that authorized and directed by law.
A gross misdemeanor under this section is punishable to the same extent as a gross misdemeanor that is punishable under RCW 9A.20.021.
[ 2003 c 111 s 2119. Prior: 1991 c 81 s 3; 1965 c 9 s 29.85.040; prior: 1893 c 115 s 1; RRS s 5395. Formerly RCW 29.85.040.]
Notes:
Effective date—1991 c 81: See note following RCW 29A.84.540.

catchline: Unlawful appropriation, printing, or distribution.


title: RCW 29A.84.420

text:
(1) It is a gross misdemeanor for a person to examine, or assist another to examine, any voter record, ballot, or any other state or local government official election material if the person, without lawful authority, conducts the examination:
(a) For the purpose of identifying the name of a voter and how the voter voted; or
(b) For the purpose of determining how a voter, whose name is known to the person, voted; or
(c) For the purpose of identifying the name of the voter who voted in a manner known to the person.
(2) Any person who reveals to another information which the person ascertained in violation of subsection (1) of this section is guilty of a gross misdemeanor.
(3) A gross misdemeanor under this section is punishable to the same extent as a gross misdemeanor that is punishable under RCW 9A.20.021.
[ 2003 c 111 s 2120. Prior: 1991 c 81 s 2; 1965 c 9 s 29.85.020; prior: 1911 c 89 s 1, part; Code 1881 s 906; 1873 p 205 s 105; 1854 p 93 s 96; RRS s 5387. Formerly RCW 29.85.020.]
Notes:
Effective date—1991 c 81: See note following RCW 29A.84.540.

catchline: Unauthorized examination of ballots, election materials—Revealing information.


title: RCW 29A.84.510

text:
(1) During the voting period that begins eighteen days before and ends the day of a special election, general election, or primary, no person may:
(a) Within a voting center or student engagement hub or in any public street or room in any public manner within 100 feet measured radially from the entrance to a voting center or student engagement hub or 25 feet measured radially from a ballot drop box as described in RCW 29A.40.170:
(i) Suggest or persuade or attempt to suggest or persuade any voter to vote for or against any candidate or ballot measure;
(ii) Circulate cards or handbills of any kind;
(iii) Solicit signatures to any kind of petition; or
(iv) Engage in any practice which interferes with the freedom of voters to exercise their franchise or disrupts the administration of the voting center;
(b) Engage in any activities restricted under (a) of this subsection through electronic amplification located more than 100 feet from an entrance to a voting center or student engagement hub or 25 feet from an entrance to a ballot drop box if the person is capable of being understood within 100 feet of the voting center or student engagement hub or 25 feet of the ballot drop box;
(c) Obstruct the doors or entries to a building in which a voting center or ballot drop location is located or prevent free access to and from any voting center or ballot drop location.
(2) The auditor shall post a sign at the point or points specified at each voting center as required by RCW 29A.40.160 during the voting period providing notice of the prohibition in subsection (1)(a) of this section.
(3) Any sheriff, deputy sheriff, or municipal law enforcement officer shall stop the prohibited activity, and may arrest any person engaging in the prohibited activity.
(4) Any violation of this section is a gross misdemeanor, punishable to the same extent as a gross misdemeanor that is punishable under RCW 9A.20.021, and the person convicted may be ordered to pay the costs of prosecution.
(5) Nothing in this section may be construed to limit or otherwise restrict the access of an authorized political party observer to a voting center, student engagement hub, or ballot drop box for the purpose of observing the election process.
[ 2022 c 69 s 3; 2013 c 11 s 82; 2011 c 10 s 69; 2003 c 111 s 2121. Prior: 1991 c 81 s 20; 1990 c 59 s 75; 1984 c 35 s 1; 1983 1st ex.s. c 33 s 1; 1965 c 9 s 29.51.020; prior: (i) 1947 c 35 s 1, part; 1889 p 412 s 33, part; Rem. Supp. 1947 s 5298, part. (ii) 1895 c 156 s 7, part; 1889 p 409 s 22, part; Code 1881 s 3079, part; 1865 p 34 s 4, part; RRS s 5279, part. Formerly RCW 29.51.020.]
Notes:
Notice to registered poll voters—Elections by mail—2011 c 10: See note following RCW 29A.04.008.
Effective date—1991 c 81: See note following RCW 29A.84.540.
Intent—Effective date—1990 c 59: See notes following RCW 29A.04.013.

catchline: Acts prohibited near voting centers, student engagement hubs, and ballot drop boxes.


title: RCW 29A.84.520

text:
Any election officer who does any electioneering at a voting center or ballot drop location during the voting period that begins eighteen days before and ends the day of a special election, general election, or primary is guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction must be fined in any sum not exceeding one hundred dollars and pay the costs of prosecution.
[ 2013 c 11 s 83; 2011 c 10 s 70; 2003 c 111 s 2122; 1965 c 9 s 29.51.030. Prior: 1947 c 35 s 1, part; 1889 p 412 s 33, part; Rem. Supp. 1947 s 5298, part. Formerly RCW 29.51.030.]
Notes:
Notice to registered poll voters—Elections by mail—2011 c 10: See note following RCW 29A.04.008.

catchline: Electioneering at voting center or ballot drop location by election officers forbidden.


title: RCW 29A.84.530

text:
Deliberately impeding other voters from casting their votes by refusing to leave a voting booth or voting device is a misdemeanor and is subject to the penalties provided in chapter 9A.20 RCW. Election officers may provide assistance in the manner provided by RCW 29A.40.160 to any voter who requests it.
[ 2011 c 10 s 71; 2003 c 111 s 2123. Prior: 1990 c 59 s 49. Formerly RCW 29.51.221.]
Notes:
Notice to registered poll voters—Elections by mail—2011 c 10: See note following RCW 29A.04.008.
Intent—Effective date—1990 c 59: See notes following RCW 29A.04.013.

catchline: Refusing to leave voting booth.


title: RCW 29A.84.540

text:
Any person who, without lawful authority, removes a ballot from a voting center or ballot drop location is guilty of a class C felony punishable to the same extent as a class C felony that is punishable under RCW 9A.20.021.
[ 2017 c 283 s 3; 2011 c 10 s 72; 2003 c 111 s 2124. Prior: 1991 c 81 s 1; 1965 c 9 s 29.85.010; prior: 1893 c 115 s 2; RRS s 5396. Formerly RCW 29.85.010.]
Notes:
Notice to registered poll voters—Elections by mail—2011 c 10: See note following RCW 29A.04.008.
Effective date—1991 c 81: "This act shall take effect July 1, 1992." [ 1991 c 81 s 42.]

catchline: Ballots—Removing from voting center or ballot drop location.


title: RCW 29A.84.545

text:
Anyone who, without authorization, removes from a voting center a paper record produced by a direct recording electronic voting device is guilty of a class C felony punishable under RCW 9A.20.021.
[ 2011 c 10 s 73; 2005 c 242 s 6.]
Notes:
Notice to registered poll voters—Elections by mail—2011 c 10: See note following RCW 29A.04.008.
Paper records: RCW 29A.12.085, 29A.60.095.

catchline: Paper record from direct recording electronic voting device—Removing from voting center.


title: RCW 29A.84.550

text:
Any person who willfully defaces, removes, or destroys any of the supplies or materials that the person knows are intended both for use in a voting center, election office, ballot counting area, ballot storage area, or election system including materials and systems meant for enabling a voter to prepare the voter's ballot is guilty of a class C felony punishable under RCW 9A.20.021.
[ 2024 c 28 s 6; 2011 c 10 s 74; 2003 c 111 s 2125; 1991 c 81 s 9; 1965 c 9 s 29.85.110. Prior: 1889 p 412 s 31; RRS s 5296. FORMER PART OF SECTION: 1935 c 108 s 3, part; RRS s 5339-3, part, now codified, as reenacted, in RCW 29.85.230. Formerly RCW 29.85.110.]
Notes:
Notice to registered poll voters—Elections by mail—2011 c 10: See note following RCW 29A.04.008.
Effective date—1991 c 81: See note following RCW 29A.84.540.

catchline: Tampering with materials.


title: RCW 29A.84.555

text:
Any person who willfully and without authority accesses or assists another person or entity with unauthorized access to a voting center, election office, ballot counting area, ballot storage area, or any election system, or provides unauthorized access to another person or entity to a voting center, election office, ballot counting area, ballot storage area, or any election system, whether electronic or physical access, is guilty of a class C felony punishable under RCW 9A.20.021.
[ 2024 c 28 s 7.]

catchline: Unauthorized access.


title: RCW 29A.84.560

text:
Any person who tampers with or damages or attempts to damage any voting machine or device to be used or being used in a primary or special or general election, or who prevents or attempts to prevent the correct operation of such machine or device, or any unauthorized person who accesses or assists another person or entity with unauthorized access to a voting center, election office, ballot counting area, ballot storage area, or election system, voting machine, or device to be used or being used in a primary or special or general election, is guilty of a class C felony punishable under RCW 9A.20.021.
[ 2024 c 28 s 8; 2003 c 111 s 2126; 1991 c 81 s 18; 1965 c 9 s 29.85.260. Prior: 1913 c 58 s 16; RRS s 5316. Formerly RCW 29.85.260.]
Notes:
Effective date—1991 c 81: See note following RCW 29A.84.540.

catchline: Tampering with voting machines, devices—Unauthorized access.


title: RCW 29A.84.610

text:
A person is guilty of a gross misdemeanor who knowingly:
(1) Deceives any voter in recording his or her vote by providing incorrect or misleading recording information or by providing faulty election equipment or records;
(2) Records the vote of any voter in a manner other than as designated by the voter; or
(3) Misrepresents an unofficial ballot collection site or device as an official ballot drop box that has been established by the county auditor.
Such a gross misdemeanor is punishable to the same extent as a gross misdemeanor that is punishable under RCW 9A.20.021.
[ 2021 c 85 s 1; 2003 c 111 s 2127. Prior: 1991 c 81 s 4. Formerly RCW 29.85.051.]
Notes:
Effective date—1991 c 81: See note following RCW 29A.84.540.

catchline: Deceptive, incorrect vote recording—Misrepresentation as official ballot drop box.


title: RCW 29A.84.620

text:
Any person who uses menace, force, threat, or any unlawful means towards any voter to hinder or deter such a voter from voting, or directly or indirectly offers any bribe, reward, or any thing of value to a voter in exchange for the voter's vote for or against any person or ballot measure, or authorizes any person to do so, is guilty of a class C felony punishable under RCW 9A.20.021.
[ 2003 c 111 s 2128. Prior: 1991 c 81 s 5; 1965 c 9 s 29.85.060; prior: (i) 1911 c 89 s 1, part; Code 1881 s 904; 1873 p 204 s 103; 1854 p 93 s 94; RRS s 5386. (ii) 1911 c 89 s 1, part; 1901 c 142 s 1; Code 1881 s 909; 1873 p 205 s 106; 1865 p 50 s 1; 1854 p 93 s 97; RRS s 5388. Formerly RCW 29.85.060.]
Notes:
Effective date—1991 c 81: See note following RCW 29A.84.540.

catchline: Hindering or bribing voter.


title: RCW 29A.84.630

text:
Any person who in any way, directly or indirectly, by menace or unlawful means, attempts to influence any person in refusing to give his or her vote in any primary or special or general election is guilty of a gross misdemeanor punishable to the same extent as a gross misdemeanor that is punishable under RCW 9A.20.021.
[ 2003 c 111 s 2129. Prior: 1991 c 81 s 6; 1965 c 9 s 29.85.070; prior: Code 1881 s 3140; RRS s 5389. Formerly RCW 29.85.070.]
Notes:
Effective date—1991 c 81: See note following RCW 29A.84.540.

catchline: Influencing voter to withhold vote.


title: RCW 29A.84.640

text:
Any person who solicits, requests, or demands, directly or indirectly, any reward or thing of value or the promise thereof in exchange for his or her vote or in exchange for the vote of any other person for or against any candidate or for or against any ballot measure to be voted upon at a primary or special or general election is guilty of a gross misdemeanor punishable to the same extent as a gross misdemeanor that is punishable under RCW 9A.20.021.
[ 2003 c 111 s 2130. Prior: 1991 c 81 s 7; 1965 c 9 s 29.85.090; prior: 1907 c 209 s 32; RRS s 5207. Formerly RCW 29.85.090.]
Notes:
Effective date—1991 c 81: See note following RCW 29A.84.540.

catchline: Solicitation of bribe by voter.


title: RCW 29A.84.650

text:
(1)(a) Any person who intentionally votes or attempts to vote in this state more than once in the same election, or who intentionally votes or attempts to vote in both this state and another state in the same election, is guilty of a class C felony.
(b) For purposes of this section, the term "election" refers to any general, primary, or special election. An election is the "same election" if the election date is the same, regardless of the candidates, offices, issues, or measures on the ballot and regardless of the date on which ballots are mailed or returned.
(c) When a special election is held in conjunction with a general election or primary election, it is not the "same election" for purposes of this section, and otherwise qualified voters may vote in both the special election and the general or primary election held on the same day.
(2) Any person who recklessly or negligently violates this section commits a class 1 civil infraction as provided in RCW 7.80.120.
[ 2026 c 79 s 2; 2005 c 243 s 24; 2003 c 111 s 2131. Prior: 1991 c 81 s 13; 1965 c 9 s 29.85.210; prior: 1911 c 89 s 1, part; Code 1881 s 903; 1873 p 204 s 102; 1865 p 51 s 5; 1854 p 93 s 93; RRS s 5383. Formerly RCW 29.85.210.]
Notes:
Finding—Intent—2026 c 79: "The legislature finds that it has been and continues to be the law of this state that a person may not vote in an election in Washington and an election in any other state if the election date is the same for both states. The legislature intends to affirm and clarify this law, and enacts section 2 of this act to abrogate the decision of the Washington court of appeals in State v. Padrta, No. 59737-3-II (January 6, 2026) and to immediately correct its erroneous interpretation in order to prevent confusion during the 2026 primary and general elections. This amendment is intended to be curative in nature." [ 2026 c 79 s 1.]
Effective date—2026 c 79: "This act is necessary for the immediate preservation of the public peace, health, or safety, or support of the state government and its existing public institutions, and takes effect immediately [March 17, 2026]." [ 2026 c 79 s 3.]
Effective date—1991 c 81: See note following RCW 29A.84.540.

catchline: Voting more than once.


title: RCW 29A.84.655

text:
Any election officer who intentionally tabulates or causes to be tabulated, through any act or omission, an invalid ballot when the person has actual knowledge that the ballot is invalid, is guilty of a class C felony punishable under RCW 9A.20.021.
[ 2011 c 10 s 75; 2003 c 111 s 2132. Prior: 1991 c 81 s 14; 1965 c 9 s 29.85.220; prior: 1911 c 89 s 1, part; Code 1881 s 911; 1873 p 205 s 108; RRS s 5385. Formerly RCW 29.85.220.]
Notes:
Notice to registered poll voters—Elections by mail—2011 c 10: See note following RCW 29A.04.008.
Effective date—1991 c 81: See note following RCW 29A.84.540.

catchline: Tabulation of invalid ballots.


title: RCW 29A.84.660

text:
Any person who knows that he or she does not possess the legal qualifications of a voter and who votes at any primary or special or general election authorized by law to be held in this state for any office whatever is guilty of a class C felony punishable under RCW 9A.20.021.
[ 2003 c 111 s 2133; 1991 c 81 s 17; 1965 c 9 s 29.85.240. Prior: 1911 c 89 s 1, part; Code 1881 s 905; 1873 p 204 s 104; 1865 p 51 s 4; 1854 p 93 s 95; RRS s 5384. Formerly RCW 29.85.240.]
Notes:
Effective date—1991 c 81: See note following RCW 29A.84.540.

catchline: Unqualified persons voting.


title: RCW 29A.84.680

text:
(1) A person who willfully violates any provision of chapter 29A.40 RCW regarding the assertion or declaration of qualifications to receive or cast a ballot or unlawfully casts a ballot is guilty of a class C felony punishable under RCW 9A.20.021.
(2) Except as provided in this chapter, a person who willfully violates any other provision of chapter 29A.40 RCW is guilty of a misdemeanor.
[ 2011 c 10 s 76. Prior: 2003 c 111 s 2136; 2003 c 53 s 179; 2001 c 241 s 14; 1994 c 269 s 2; 1991 c 81 s 34; 1987 c 346 s 20; 1983 1st ex.s. c 71 s 9. Formerly RCW 29.36.370, 29.36.160.]
Notes:
Notice to registered poll voters—Elections by mail—2011 c 10: See note following RCW 29A.04.008.
Intent—Effective date—2003 c 53: See notes following RCW 2.48.180.
Effective date—1991 c 81: See note following RCW 29A.84.540.
Legislative intent—Effective date—1987 c 346: See notes following RCW 29A.40.010.
Tampering with registration form or ballot declaration: RCW 29A.84.050.

catchline: Ballots—Violation.


title: RCW 29A.84.711

text:
Every person who:
(1) Knowingly and falsely issues a certificate of nomination or election; or
(2) Knowingly provides false information on a minor party or independent candidate certificate of nomination is guilty of a class C felony punishable under RCW 9A.20.021.
[ 2013 c 11 s 84; 2004 c 271 s 186.]

catchline: Documents regarding nomination, election, candidacy—Frauds and falsehoods.


title: RCW 29A.84.720

text:
Every person charged with the performance of any duty under the provisions of any law of this state relating to elections, including primaries, or the provisions of any charter or ordinance of any city or town of this state relating to elections who willfully neglects or refuses to perform such duty, or provides unauthorized access to a person or entity to physical locations or electronic or physical access to election software or hardware used in any element of conduct of an election, or who, in the performance of such duty, or in the person's official capacity, knowingly or fraudulently violates any of the provisions of law relating to such duty, is guilty of a class C felony punishable under RCW 9A.20.021 and shall forfeit the person's office.
[ 2024 c 28 s 9; 2003 c 111 s 2138. Prior: 1991 c 81 s 10; 1965 c 9 s 29.85.170; prior: (i) 1889 p 412 s 32; RRS s 5297. (ii) 1911 c 89 s 1, part; Code 1881 s 912; 1877 p 205 s 2; RRS s 5392. Formerly RCW 29.85.170.]
Notes:
Effective date—1991 c 81: See note following RCW 29A.84.540.

catchline: Officers—Violations generally.


title: RCW 29A.84.730

text:
(1) In any location in which ballots are counted, no person authorized by law to be present while votes are being counted may divulge any results of the count of the ballots at any time prior to 8:00 p.m. on the day of the primary or special or general election.
(2) A violation of this section is a gross misdemeanor punishable to the same extent as a gross misdemeanor that is punishable under RCW 9A.20.021.
[ 2011 c 10 s 77; 2003 c 111 s 2139. Prior: 1991 c 81 s 15; 1990 c 59 s 55; 1977 ex.s. c 361 s 85; 1965 c 9 s 29.54.035; prior: 1955 c 148 s 6. Formerly RCW 29.85.225, 29.54.035.]
Notes:
Notice to registered poll voters—Elections by mail—2011 c 10: See note following RCW 29A.04.008.
Effective date—1991 c 81: See note following RCW 29A.84.540.
Intent—Effective date—1990 c 59: See notes following RCW 29A.04.013.
Effective date—Severability—1977 ex.s. c 361: See notes following RCW 29A.16.040.
Divulging returns in voting device precincts: RCW 29A.60.120.

catchline: Divulging ballot count.


title: RCW 29A.88.010

text:
(1) The legislature and the people find that the federal Nuclear Waste Policy Act provides that within sixty days of the president's recommendation of a site for a high-level nuclear waste repository, a state may disapprove the selection of such site in that state.
(2) The legislature and the people desire, if the governor and legislature do not issue a notice of disapproval within twenty-one days of the president's recommendation, that the people of this state have the opportunity to vote upon disapproval.
[ 2003 c 111 s 2201. Prior: 1986 ex.s. c 1 s 3. Formerly RCW 29.91.010.]

catchline: Findings.


title: RCW 29A.88.020

text:
(1) Within seven days after any recommendation by the president of the United States of a site in the state of Washington to be a high-level nuclear waste repository under 42 U.S.C. Sec. 10136, the governor shall set the date for a special statewide election to vote on disapproval of the selection of such site. The special election shall be held not less than forty-five nor more than ninety days after the date of the recommendation of the president of the United States.
(2) If either the governor or the legislature submits a notice of disapproval to the United States Congress within twenty-one days of the date of the recommendation by the president of the United States, then the governor is authorized to cancel the special election pursuant to subsection (1) of this section.
[ 2013 c 11 s 85; 2003 c 111 s 2202; 1986 ex.s. c 1 s 4. Formerly RCW 29.91.020.]

catchline: High-level repository—Selection of site in state—Special election for disapproval.


title: RCW 29A.88.030

text:
The state of Washington shall assume the costs of any special election called under RCW 29A.88.020 in the same manner as provided in RCW 29A.04.420 and 29A.04.430.
[ 2003 c 111 s 2203. Prior: 1986 ex.s. c 1 s 5. Formerly RCW 29.91.030.]

catchline: Costs of election.


title: RCW 29A.88.040

text:
The secretary of state shall promptly notify the county auditors of the date of the special election and certify to them the text of the ballot title for this special election. The general election laws shall apply to the election required by RCW 29A.88.020 to the extent that they are not inconsistent with this chapter. Statutory deadlines relating to certification, canvassing, and the voters' pamphlet may be modified for the election held pursuant to RCW 29A.88.020 by the secretary of state through emergency rules adopted under RCW 29A.04.611.
[ 2013 c 11 s 86; 2003 c 111 s 2204. Prior: 1986 ex.s. c 1 s 6. Formerly RCW 29.91.040.]

catchline: Special election—Notification of auditors—Application of election laws.


title: RCW 29A.88.050

text:
The ballot title for the special election called under RCW 29A.88.020 shall be "Shall the Governor be required to notify Congress of Washington's disapproval of the President's recommendation of [name of site] as a national high-level nuclear waste repository?"
[ 2003 c 111 s 2205. Prior: 1986 ex.s. c 1 s 7. Formerly RCW 29.91.050.]

catchline: Ballot title.


title: RCW 29A.88.060

text:
If the governor or the legislature fails to prepare and submit a notice of disapproval to the United States Congress within fifty-five days of the president's recommendation and a majority of the voters in the special election held pursuant to RCW 29A.88.020 favored such notice of disapproval, then the vote of the people shall be binding on the governor. The governor shall prepare and submit the notice of disapproval to the United States Congress pursuant to 42 U.S.C. Sec. 10136.
[ 2003 c 111 s 2206; 1986 ex.s. c 1 s 8. Formerly RCW 29.91.060.]

catchline: Effect of vote.


title: RCW 29A.92.005

text:
The legislature finds that electoral systems that deny race, color, or language minority groups an equal opportunity to elect candidates of their choice or impair their ability to otherwise participate in any state of the political process are inconsistent with the right to free and equal elections as provided by Article I, section 19 and Article VI, section 1 of the Washington state Constitution as well as protections found in the Fourteenth and Fifteenth amendments to the United States Constitution. The well-established principle of "one person, one vote" and the prohibition on vote dilution have been consistently upheld in federal and state courts for more than fifty years.
The legislature finds that there is a history in Washington, as in the United States overall, of discrimination based on race, color, and language minority status, including in access to the political process. As a result of this history and persistent discrimination and socioeconomic inequities that bear on the right to vote, members of race, color, and language minority groups continue to face disparate burdens in exercising the franchise and participating effectively in the political process.
The legislature also finds that local government subdivisions are often prohibited from addressing these challenges because of Washington laws that narrowly prescribe the methods by which they may elect members of their legislative bodies. The legislature finds that in some cases, this has resulted in an improper dilution of voting power for these minority groups. The legislature intends to modify existing prohibitions in state laws so that these jurisdictions may voluntarily adopt changes on their own, in collaboration with affected community members, to remedy potential electoral issues so that minority groups have an equal opportunity to elect candidates of their choice or influence the outcome of an election.
In light of these findings, the legislature intends for this chapter to encourage participation in the franchise by all eligible voters and to provide voters in this state with a means to challenge all forms of racial discrimination in voting, including vote dilution and suppression.
The legislature intends for this chapter to be consistent with federal protections that may provide a similar remedy for minority groups. Remedies shall also be available where the drawing of crossover and coalition districts is able to address both vote dilution and racial polarization.
The legislature also intends for this chapter to be consistent with legal precedent from Mt. Spokane Skiing Corp. v. Spokane Co. (86 Wn. App. 165, 1997) that found that noncharter counties need not adhere to a single uniform county system of government, but that each county have the same "authority available" in order to be deemed uniform.
[ 2026 c 215 s 1; 2019 c 64 s 6; 2018 c 113 s 102.]
Notes:
Explanatory statement—2019 c 64: See note following RCW 1.20.110.

catchline: Findings—Intent.


title: RCW 29A.92.010

text:
The definitions in this section apply throughout this chapter unless the context clearly requires otherwise. In applying these definitions and other terms in this chapter, courts may rely on relevant federal case law for guidance.
(1) "At large election" means any of the following methods of electing members of the governing body of a political subdivision:
(a) One in which the voters of the entire jurisdiction elect the members to the governing body;
(b) One in which the candidates are required to reside within given areas of the jurisdiction and the voters of the entire jurisdiction elect the members to the governing body; or
(c) One that combines the criteria in (a) and (b) of this subsection or one that combines at large with district-based elections.
(2) "Cohesive" means that members of a group tend to prefer the same candidates or other electoral choices.
(3) "District-based elections" means a method of electing members to the governing body of a political subdivision in which the candidate must reside within an election district that is a divisible part of the political subdivision and is elected only by voters residing within that election district.
(4) "Election policy or practice" means any voting qualification, prerequisite to voting, or method of election, and any law, ordinance, resolution, charter or code provision, regulation, rule, policy, practice, procedure, standard, or action with respect to voting or the administration of elections, including the time or date of elections.
(5) "Electoral system" means the method of electing the governing body of a political subdivision or any election policy or practice administered by the political subdivision.
(6) "Polarized voting" means voting in which there is a difference in the choice of candidates or other electoral choices that are preferred by voters in a protected class or a coalition of protected classes, and in the choice of candidates and electoral choices that are preferred by voters in the rest of the electorate.
(7) "Political subdivision" means any county, city, town, school district, fire protection district, port district, or public utility district, but does not include the state.
(8) "Protected class" means a class of voters who are members of a race, color, or language minority group in the state of Washington, as this class is referenced and defined in the federal voting rights act, 52 U.S.C. 10301 et seq.
[ 2026 c 215 s 2; 2023 c 56 s 2; 2018 c 113 s 103.]
Notes:
Effective date—2023 c 56: See note following RCW 29A.92.720.

catchline: Definitions.


title: RCW 29A.92.021

text:
(1) Except as provided in subsection (2) of this section, no political subdivision responsible for election administration may abridge the rights of voters who are members of a protected class or classes by implementing, imposing, or enforcing any election policy or practice, or taking any action or failing to take any action, that results in, is likely to result in, or is intended to result in a material disparate burden on the ability or opportunity of members of a protected class to vote or participate in any stage of the political process.
(2) It is not a violation of subsection (1) of this section if the political subdivision responsible for election administration demonstrates by clear and convincing evidence that:
(a) The election policy or practice is narrowly tailored and necessary to further a compelling, particularized state interest; and
(b) There is no alternative election policy or practice that would result in less of a disparate burden on members of a protected class.
(3) Proof of intent to discriminate against a protected class by a political subdivision responsible for election administration is not required for a cause of action to be sustained under this section.
(4) The following are circumstances not relevant, and may not be considered, to demonstrate a violation of subsection (1) of this section:
(a) The total number or share of protected class members not materially burdened by the election policy or practice;
(b) The degree to which the election policy or practice has a long pedigree or was in widespread use at an earlier date;
(c) The use of an identical or similar election policy or practice in other jurisdictions;
(d) The availability of other forms of voting unimpacted by the election policy or practice; and
(e) Defenses that the election policy or practice is necessary to address criminal activity, including voter fraud, or to bolster voter confidence in election integrity that are not supported by substantial evidence.
(5) A class of people protected by this section may include a coalition of members of different racial, color, or language minority groups.
[ 2026 c 215 s 3.]

catchline: Disparate burden on protected class prohibited—Factors.


title: RCW 29A.92.030

text:
(1) No method of electing the governing body of a political subdivision may be imposed or applied in a manner that impairs the ability of members of a protected class or classes to have an equal opportunity to elect candidates of their choice as a result of the dilution of the votes of the members of a protected class or classes.
(2) A political subdivision is in violation of subsection (1) of this section when:
(a) Elections in the political subdivision exhibit polarized voting; and
(b) Members of a protected class or classes do not have an equal opportunity to elect candidates of their choice as a result of the dilution of the votes of the members of that protected class or classes.
(3) In determining whether there is polarized voting under this chapter, the court shall analyze election results including, but not limited to, elections of the governing body of the political subdivision, ballot measure elections, elections in which at least one candidate is a member of a protected class, and other electoral choices that affect the rights and privileges of members of a protected class. The court is not required to consider explanations, including partisanship, for why polarized voting under this chapter exists in the political subdivision to determine whether polarized voting under this chapter exists in the political subdivision. Elections conducted prior to the filing of an action pursuant to this chapter are more probative to establish the existence of polarized voting than elections conducted after the filing of an action.
(4) The election of candidates who are members of a protected class and who were elected prior to the filing of an action pursuant to this chapter shall not preclude a finding of polarized voting that results in an unequal opportunity for a protected class to elect candidates of their choice.
(5) The equal opportunity to elect shall be assessed pragmatically, based on local election conditions, and may include crossover districts. No single factor is dispositive or necessary to establish a violation of this section.
(6) The fact that members of a protected class are not geographically compact or concentrated to constitute a majority in a proposed or existing district-based election district shall not preclude a finding of a violation under this chapter, but may be a factor in determining a remedy.
(7) Proof of intent on the part of the voters or elected officials to discriminate against a protected class is not required for a cause of action to be sustained.
(8) Other factors such as the history of discrimination, the use of electoral devices or other voting practices or procedures that may enhance the dilutive effects of at large elections, denial of access to those processes determining which groups of candidates will receive financial or other support in a given election, the extent to which members of a protected class bear the effects of past discrimination in areas such as education, employment, and health, which hinder their ability to participate effectively in the political process, and the use of overt or subtle racial appeals in political campaigns are probative, but not necessary factors, to establish a violation of this chapter.
(9) A class of people protected by this section may include a coalition of members of different racial, color, or language minority groups. A coalition of members of different protected classes is not required to demonstrate that each individual racial, color, or language minority group which comprises the coalition is cohesive, only that the coalition as a whole is cohesive.
[ 2026 c 215 s 4; 2023 c 56 s 3; 2019 c 64 s 7; 2018 c 113 s 302.]
Notes:
Effective date—2023 c 56: See note following RCW 29A.92.720.
Explanatory statement—2019 c 64: See note following RCW 1.20.110.

catchline: Dilution of votes of protected class prohibited—Factors.


title: RCW 29A.92.040

text:
(1) A political subdivision that conducts an election pursuant to state, county, or local law, is authorized to change its electoral system, including, but not limited to, implementing a district-based election system, or increasing the number of elected officials on a county commission as authorized by RCW 29A.92.115, to remedy a potential violation of this chapter.
(2) If a political subdivision invokes its authority under this section to implement a district-based election system, the districts shall be drawn in a manner consistent with RCW 29A.92.050.
[ 2026 c 215 s 5; 2023 c 56 s 4; 2018 c 113 s 201.]
Notes:
Effective date—2023 c 56: See note following RCW 29A.92.720.

catchline: Voluntary change to electoral system—Authorized.


title: RCW 29A.92.050

text:
(1)(a) Prior to the adoption of its proposed plan, the political subdivision must provide public notice to residents of the subdivision about the proposed remedy to a potential violation of this chapter. If a significant segment of the residents of the subdivision have limited English proficiency and speaks a language other than English, the political subdivision must:
(i) Provide accurate written and verbal notice of the proposed remedy in languages that diverse residents of the political subdivision can understand, as indicated by demographic data; and
(ii) Air radio or television public service announcements describing the proposed remedy broadcast in the languages that diverse residents of the political subdivision can understand, as indicated by demographic data.
(b) The political subdivision shall hold at least one public hearing on the proposed plan at least one week before adoption.
(c) For purposes of this section, "significant segment of the community" means five percent or more of residents, or five hundred or more residents, whichever is fewer, residing in the political subdivision.
(2)(a) If the political subdivision invokes its authority under RCW 29A.92.040 to remedy a potential violation of RCW 29A.92.030 and the plan is adopted during the period of time between the first Tuesday after the first Monday of November and on or before January 15th of the following year, the political subdivision shall order new elections to occur at the next succeeding general election.
(b) If the political subdivision invokes its authority under RCW 29A.92.040 to remedy a potential violation of RCW 29A.92.030 and the plan is adopted during the period of time between January 16th and on or before the first Monday of November, the next election will occur as scheduled and organized under the current electoral system, but the political subdivision shall order new elections to occur pursuant to the remedy at the general election the following calendar year.
(3) If a political subdivision implements a district-based election system under RCW 29A.92.040(2), the plan shall be consistent with the following criteria:
(a) Each district shall be as reasonably equal in population as possible to each and every other such district comprising the political subdivision.
(b) Each district shall be reasonably compact.
(c) Each district shall consist of geographically contiguous area.
(d) To the extent feasible, the district boundaries shall coincide with existing recognized natural boundaries and shall, to the extent possible, preserve existing communities of related and mutual interest.
(e) District boundaries may not be drawn or maintained in a manner that creates or perpetuates the dilution of the votes of the members of a protected class or classes.
(f) All positions on the governing body must stand for election at the next election for the governing body, scheduled pursuant to subsection (2) of this section. The governing body may subsequently choose to stagger the terms of its positions.
(4) Within forty-five days after receipt of federal decennial census information applicable to a specific local area, the commission established in RCW 44.05.030 shall forward the census information to each political subdivision.
(5) No later than November 15th of each year ending in one, the governing body of the political subdivision that had previously invoked its authority under RCW 29A.92.040 to implement a district-based election system, or that was previously charged with redistricting under RCW 29A.92.110, shall prepare a plan for redistricting its districts, pursuant to RCW 29A.76.010, and in a manner consistent with this chapter.
[ 2026 c 215 s 6; 2021 c 173 s 4; (2021 c 173 s 3 expired January 1, 2023). Prior: 2019 c 454 s 1; 2019 c 64 s 8; 2018 c 113 s 202.]
Notes:
Effective date—2021 c 173 ss 2 and 4: See note following RCW 29A.76.010.
Effective date—Expiration date—2021 c 173 ss 1 and 3: See notes following RCW 29A.76.010.
Retroactive application—2019 c 454: "This act applies retroactively to January 16, 2019." [ 2019 c 454 s 11.]
Effective date—2019 c 454: "This act is necessary for the immediate preservation of the public peace, health, or safety, or support of the state government and its existing public institutions, and takes effect immediately [May 21, 2019]." [ 2019 c 454 s 13.]
Explanatory statement—2019 c 64: See note following RCW 1.20.110.

catchline: Voluntary change to electoral system—Notice—New elections—Districting.


title: RCW 29A.92.060

text:
(1) A voter who resides in the political subdivision, an organization whose roster of members and volunteers includes a voter who resides in the political subdivision, or a tribe located at least in part in the political subdivision who intends to challenge a political subdivision's electoral system under this chapter shall first notify the political subdivision. The political subdivision shall promptly make such notice public.
(2) The notice provided shall identify and provide contact information for the person or persons who intend to file an action, and shall identify the alleged violation or violations of this chapter and the protected class or classes whose members are affected. The notice shall also include a type of remedy the person believes may address the alleged violation or violations of this chapter.
[ 2026 c 215 s 7; 2023 c 56 s 5; 2019 c 64 s 9; 2018 c 113 s 301.]
Notes:
Effective date—2023 c 56: See note following RCW 29A.92.720.
Explanatory statement—2019 c 64: See note following RCW 1.20.110.

catchline: Voter challenge of electoral system—Notice.


title: RCW 29A.92.070

text:
(1) The political subdivision shall work in good faith with the person, organization, or tribe providing the notice to implement a remedy that resolves the potential violation or violations identified in the notice and provides the protected class or classes identified in the notice an equal opportunity to elect candidates of their choice. Such work in good faith to implement a remedy may include, but is not limited to consideration of: (a) Relevant electoral data; (b) relevant demographic data, including the most recent census data available; and (c) any other information that would be relevant to implementing a remedy.
(2) If, in response to a potential violation of RCW 29A.92.030, the political subdivision adopts a remedy that takes the notice into account, or adopts the notice's proposed remedy, the political subdivision shall seek a court order acknowledging that the political subdivision's remedy complies with RCW 29A.92.030 and was prompted by a plausible violation. The person who submitted the notice may support or oppose such an order, and may obtain public records to do so. The political subdivision must provide all political, census, and demographic data and any analysis of that data used to develop the remedy in its filings seeking the court order and with any documents made public. All facts and reasonable inferences shall be viewed in the light most favorable to those opposing the political subdivision's proposed remedy at this stage. There shall be a rebuttable presumption that the court will decline to approve the political subdivision's proposed remedy at this stage.
(3) If the court concludes that the political subdivision's remedy complies with this chapter:
(a) An action under RCW 29A.92.030 may not be brought against that political subdivision for four years by any party so long as the political subdivision does not enact a change to or deviation from the remedy during this four-year period that would otherwise give rise to an action under this chapter; and
(b) An action under RCW 29A.92.021 that is based on the same election policy or practice for which the court has concluded that the political subdivision's remedy complies with this chapter may not be brought against that political subdivision for four years by any party so long as the political subdivision does not enact a change to or deviation from the remedy during this four-year period that would otherwise give rise to an action under this chapter.
(4) In agreeing to adopt the person's, organization's, or tribe's proposed remedy to any violation of this chapter, the political subdivision may do so by stipulation, which shall become a public document.
(5)(a) If the court issues an order under subsection (2) of this section as to RCW 29A.92.030 or the political subdivision implements a remedy in response to a potential violation of RCW 29A.92.021, the person, organization, or tribe who sent the notice may make a demand to the political subdivision for reimbursement of the costs incurred in conducting the research necessary to send the notice. A demand made under this subsection must:
(i) Be in writing;
(ii) Be received by the political subdivision within 30 days of the adoption of the new electoral system; and
(iii) Include financial documentation, such as a detailed invoice for demographic services, that supports the demand. The political subdivision may request additional documentation if the documentation provided is insufficient for the political subdivision to corroborate the claimed costs.
(b) The political subdivision shall, within 60 days of receiving the demand, reimburse the reasonable costs of the person, organization, or tribe who sent the notice, not to exceed $50,000.
[ 2026 c 215 s 8; 2023 c 56 s 8; 2019 c 64 s 10; 2018 c 113 s 303.]
Notes:
Effective date—2023 c 56: See note following RCW 29A.92.720.
Explanatory statement—2019 c 64: See note following RCW 1.20.110.

catchline: Voter challenge of electoral system—Good faith effort to remedy—Court approval—Safe harbor—Reimbursement of costs.


title: RCW 29A.92.080

text:
(1) Any voter who resides in the political subdivision, organization whose roster of members and volunteers includes a voter who resides in the political subdivision, or tribe located at least in part in the political subdivision may file an action under this chapter if, 90 days after a political subdivision receives notice of a challenge to its electoral system under RCW 29A.92.060, the political subdivision has not obtained a court order stating that it has adopted a remedy in compliance with RCW 29A.92.030 or otherwise has not adopted a remedy in compliance with RCW 29A.92.021.
(2) If, in response to a potential violation of RCW 29A.92.030, a political subdivision has received two or more notices containing materially different proposed remedies, the political subdivision shall work in good faith with the persons to implement a remedy that provides the protected class or classes identified in the notices an equal opportunity to elect candidates of their choice. If the political subdivision adopts one of the remedies offered, or a different remedy that takes multiple notices into account, the political subdivision shall seek a court order acknowledging that the political subdivision's remedy is reasonably necessary to avoid a violation of RCW 29A.92.030. The persons, organizations, or tribes who submitted the notice may support or oppose such an order, and may obtain public records to do so. The political subdivision must provide all political, census, and demographic data and any analysis of that data used to develop the remedy in its filings seeking the court order and with any documents made public. All facts and reasonable inferences shall be viewed in the light most favorable to those opposing the political subdivision's proposed remedy at this stage. There shall be a rebuttable presumption that the court will decline to approve the political subdivision's proposed remedy at this stage.
(3) If the court concludes that the political subdivision's remedy complies with this chapter:
(a) An action under RCW 29A.92.030 may not be brought against that political subdivision for four years by any party so long as the political subdivision does not enact a change to or deviation from the remedy during this four-year period that would otherwise give rise to an action under this chapter; and
(b) An action under RCW 29A.92.021 that is based on the same election policy or practice for which the court has concluded that the political subdivision's remedy complies with this chapter may not be brought against that political subdivision for four years by any party so long as the political subdivision does not enact a change to or deviation from the remedy during this four-year period that would otherwise give rise to an action under this chapter.
(4)(a) If the court issues an order under subsection (2) of this section as to RCW 29A.92.030 or the political subdivision implements a remedy in response to a potential violation of RCW 29A.92.021, the persons, organizations, or tribes who sent notices may make a demand to the political subdivision for reimbursement of the costs incurred in conducting the research necessary to send the notices. A demand made under this subsection must:
(i) Be in writing;
(ii) Be received by the political subdivision within 30 days of the adoption of the new electoral system; and
(iii) Include financial documentation, such as a detailed invoice for demographic services, that supports the demand. The political subdivision may request additional documentation if the documentation provided is insufficient for the political subdivision to corroborate the claimed costs.
(b) The political subdivision shall, within 60 days of receiving the demand, reimburse the reasonable costs of the persons, organizations, or tribes who sent the notices, not to exceed $50,000.
[ 2026 c 215 s 9; 2023 c 56 s 9; 2019 c 64 s 11; 2018 c 113 s 304.]
Notes:
Effective date—2023 c 56: See note following RCW 29A.92.720.
Explanatory statement—2019 c 64: See note following RCW 1.20.110.

catchline: Voter challenge of electoral system—Filing of action—Multiple challenges—Reimbursement of costs.