---
language:
- kk
license: cc-by-nc-4.0
task_categories:
- text-generation
- question-answering
tags:
- kazakh
- agentic-ai
- tool-use
- function-calling
- argument-schema-mapping
- error-recovery
- retry-behavior
- multi-tool-use
- restaurant-reservation
- web-search
- llm-agents
pretty_name: Kazakh Argument Schema Mapping and Tool Error Recovery Dataset
size_categories:
- 1K<n<10K
dataset_info:
  features:
  - name: id
    dtype: string
  - name: query
    dtype: string
  - name: category
    dtype: string
  - name: tools
    list:
    - name: description
      dtype: string
    - name: mock_response
      struct:
      - name: account
        dtype: string
      - name: amount
        dtype: 'null'
      - name: aqi
        dtype: 'null'
      - name: articles
        list:
        - name: date
          dtype: string
        - name: source
          dtype: string
        - name: title
          dtype: string
        - name: url
          dtype: string
      - name: balance
        dtype: 'null'
      - name: booking_id
        dtype: string
      - name: booking_ref
        dtype: string
      - name: cart_id
        dtype: string
      - name: change_24h
        dtype: string
      - name: city
        dtype: string
      - name: condition
        dtype: string
      - name: cost
        dtype: 'null'
      - name: currency
        dtype: string
      - name: day_of_week
        dtype: string
      - name: delivery_estimate
        dtype: string
      - name: distance_km
        dtype: 'null'
      - name: dominant_pollutant
        dtype: string
      - name: download_mbps
        dtype: 'null'
      - name: duration_min
        dtype: 'null'
      - name: event
        dtype: string
      - name: event_id
        dtype: string
      - name: events
        list:
        - name: date
          dtype: string
        - name: id
          dtype: string
        - name: name
          dtype: string
        - name: tickets_available
          dtype: 'null'
        - name: venue
          dtype: string
      - name: feels_like
        dtype: 'null'
      - name: flights
        list:
        - name: airline
          dtype: string
        - name: arrival
          dtype: string
        - name: departure
          dtype: string
        - name: flight_no
          dtype: string
        - name: price_kzt
          dtype: 'null'
      - name: forecast
        list:
        - name: condition
          dtype: string
        - name: date
          dtype: string
        - name: temp_max
          dtype: 'null'
        - name: temp_min
          dtype: 'null'
      - name: formatted_address
        dtype: string
      - name: from
        dtype: string
      - name: hotel_name
        dtype: string
      - name: humidity
        dtype: 'null'
      - name: images
        list:
        - name: caption
          dtype: string
        - name: height
          dtype: 'null'
        - name: url
          dtype: string
        - name: width
          dtype: 'null'
      - name: iso_time
        dtype: string
      - name: items
        list:
        - name: currency
          dtype: string
        - name: id
          dtype: string
        - name: in_stock
          dtype: 'null'
        - name: name
          dtype: string
        - name: price
          dtype: 'null'
      - name: language
        dtype: string
      - name: lat
        dtype: 'null'
      - name: level
        dtype: string
      - name: link
        dtype: string
      - name: lon
        dtype: 'null'
      - name: message_id
        dtype: string
      - name: order_id
        dtype: string
      - name: original
        dtype: string
      - name: page_url
        dtype: string
      - name: ping_ms
        dtype: 'null'
      - name: pnr
        dtype: string
      - name: price
        dtype: 'null'
      - name: rate
        dtype: 'null'
      - name: recommendation
        dtype: string
      - name: remaining_balance
        dtype: 'null'
      - name: reservation_id
        dtype: string
      - name: restaurant
        dtype: string
      - name: restaurants
        list:
        - name: address
          dtype: string
        - name: cuisine
          dtype: string
        - name: id
          dtype: string
        - name: name
          dtype: string
        - name: rating
          dtype: 'null'
      - name: results
        list:
        - name: id
          dtype: string
        - name: name
          dtype: string
        - name: price_per_night
          dtype: 'null'
        - name: rating
          dtype: 'null'
        - name: snippet
          dtype: string
        - name: stars
          dtype: 'null'
        - name: title
          dtype: string
        - name: url
          dtype: string
      - name: route_summary
        dtype: string
      - name: score
        dtype: 'null'
      - name: seats
        list: 'null'
      - name: segments
        dtype: 'null'
      - name: sentiment
        dtype: string
      - name: server
        dtype: string
      - name: status
        dtype: string
      - name: summary
        dtype: string
      - name: symbol
        dtype: string
      - name: temperature
        dtype: 'null'
      - name: ticket_url
        dtype: string
      - name: time
        dtype: string
      - name: timestamp
        dtype: string
      - name: timezone
        dtype: string
      - name: title
        dtype: string
      - name: to
        dtype: string
      - name: total_items
        dtype: 'null'
      - name: total_price
        dtype: 'null'
      - name: traffic_condition
        dtype: string
      - name: trains
        list:
        - name: arrival
          dtype: string
        - name: departure
          dtype: string
        - name: number
          dtype: string
        - name: price_coupe
          dtype: 'null'
        - name: price_platz
          dtype: 'null'
        - name: type
          dtype: string
      - name: transaction_id
        dtype: string
      - name: translated
        dtype: string
      - name: updated
        dtype: string
      - name: upload_mbps
        dtype: 'null'
      - name: videos
        list:
        - name: duration
          dtype: string
        - name: title
          dtype: string
        - name: url
          dtype: string
        - name: views
          dtype: 'null'
      - name: wind_kph
        dtype: 'null'
    - name: name
      dtype: string
    - name: parameters
      struct:
      - name: account
        struct:
        - name: description
          dtype: string
        - name: required
          dtype: bool
        - name: type
          dtype: string
      - name: address
        struct:
        - name: description
          dtype: string
        - name: required
          dtype: bool
        - name: type
          dtype: string
      - name: amount
        struct:
        - name: description
          dtype: string
        - name: required
          dtype: bool
        - name: type
          dtype: string
      - name: api_key
        struct:
        - name: description
          dtype: string
        - name: required
          dtype: bool
        - name: type
          dtype: string
      - name: body
        struct:
        - name: description
          dtype: string
        - name: required
          dtype: bool
        - name: type
          dtype: string
      - name: cartId
        struct:
        - name: description
          dtype: string
        - name: required
          dtype: bool
        - name: type
          dtype: string
      - name: category
        struct:
        - name: description
          dtype: string
        - name: required
          dtype: bool
        - name: type
          dtype: string
      - name: checkin
        struct:
        - name: description
          dtype: string
        - name: required
          dtype: bool
        - name: type
          dtype: string
      - name: city
        struct:
        - name: description
          dtype: string
        - name: required
          dtype: bool
        - name: type
          dtype: string
      - name: cuisine
        struct:
        - name: description
          dtype: string
        - name: required
          dtype: bool
        - name: type
          dtype: string
      - name: currency
        struct:
        - name: description
          dtype: string
        - name: required
          dtype: bool
        - name: type
          dtype: string
      - name: date
        struct:
        - name: description
          dtype: string
        - name: required
          dtype: bool
        - name: type
          dtype: string
      - name: datetime
        struct:
        - name: description
          dtype: string
        - name: required
          dtype: bool
        - name: type
          dtype: string
      - name: days
        struct:
        - name: description
          dtype: string
        - name: required
          dtype: bool
        - name: type
          dtype: string
      - name: duration
        struct:
        - name: description
          dtype: string
        - name: required
          dtype: bool
        - name: type
          dtype: string
      - name: eventId
        struct:
        - name: description
          dtype: string
        - name: required
          dtype: bool
        - name: type
          dtype: string
      - name: flightId
        struct:
        - name: description
          dtype: string
        - name: required
          dtype: bool
        - name: type
          dtype: string
      - name: from
        struct:
        - name: description
          dtype: string
        - name: required
          dtype: bool
        - name: type
          dtype: string
      - name: from_account
        struct:
        - name: description
          dtype: string
        - name: required
          dtype: bool
        - name: type
          dtype: string
      - name: from_lang
        struct:
        - name: description
          dtype: string
        - name: required
          dtype: bool
        - name: type
          dtype: string
      - name: guestName
        struct:
        - name: description
          dtype: string
        - name: required
          dtype: bool
        - name: type
          dtype: string
      - name: guests
        struct:
        - name: description
          dtype: string
        - name: required
          dtype: bool
        - name: type
          dtype: string
      - name: hotelId
        struct:
        - name: description
          dtype: string
        - name: required
          dtype: bool
        - name: type
          dtype: string
      - name: language
        struct:
        - name: description
          dtype: string
        - name: required
          dtype: bool
        - name: type
          dtype: string
      - name: limit
        struct:
        - name: description
          dtype: string
        - name: required
          dtype: bool
        - name: type
          dtype: string
      - name: location
        struct:
        - name: description
          dtype: string
        - name: required
          dtype: bool
        - name: type
          dtype: string
      - name: message
        struct:
        - name: description
          dtype: string
        - name: required
          dtype: bool
        - name: type
          dtype: string
      - name: mode
        struct:
        - name: description
          dtype: string
        - name: required
          dtype: bool
        - name: type
          dtype: string
      - name: nights
        struct:
        - name: description
          dtype: string
        - name: required
          dtype: bool
        - name: type
          dtype: string
      - name: pageToken
        struct:
        - name: description
          dtype: string
        - name: required
          dtype: bool
        - name: type
          dtype: string
      - name: passengerName
        struct:
        - name: description
          dtype: string
        - name: required
          dtype: bool
        - name: type
          dtype: string
      - name: paymentMethod
        struct:
        - name: description
          dtype: string
        - name: required
          dtype: bool
        - name: type
          dtype: string
      - name: phone
        struct:
        - name: description
          dtype: string
        - name: required
          dtype: bool
        - name: type
          dtype: string
      - name: platform
        struct:
        - name: description
          dtype: string
        - name: required
          dtype: bool
        - name: type
          dtype: string
      - name: priceRange
        struct:
        - name: description
          dtype: string
        - name: required
          dtype: bool
        - name: type
          dtype: string
      - name: productId
        struct:
        - name: description
          dtype: string
        - name: required
          dtype: bool
        - name: type
          dtype: string
      - name: quantity
        struct:
        - name: description
          dtype: string
        - name: required
          dtype: bool
        - name: type
          dtype: string
      - name: query
        struct:
        - name: description
          dtype: string
        - name: required
          dtype: bool
        - name: type
          dtype: string
      - name: restaurantId
        struct:
        - name: description
          dtype: string
        - name: required
          dtype: bool
        - name: type
          dtype: string
      - name: seatType
        struct:
        - name: description
          dtype: string
        - name: required
          dtype: bool
        - name: type
          dtype: string
      - name: server
        struct:
        - name: description
          dtype: string
        - name: required
          dtype: bool
        - name: type
          dtype: string
      - name: sort
        struct:
        - name: description
          dtype: string
        - name: required
          dtype: bool
        - name: type
          dtype: string
      - name: subject
        struct:
        - name: description
          dtype: string
        - name: required
          dtype: bool
        - name: type
          dtype: string
      - name: symbol
        struct:
        - name: description
          dtype: string
        - name: required
          dtype: bool
        - name: type
          dtype: string
      - name: text
        struct:
        - name: description
          dtype: string
        - name: required
          dtype: bool
        - name: type
          dtype: string
      - name: time
        struct:
        - name: description
          dtype: string
        - name: required
          dtype: bool
        - name: type
          dtype: string
      - name: timezone
        struct:
        - name: description
          dtype: string
        - name: required
          dtype: bool
        - name: type
          dtype: string
      - name: title
        struct:
        - name: description
          dtype: string
        - name: required
          dtype: bool
        - name: type
          dtype: string
      - name: to
        struct:
        - name: description
          dtype: string
        - name: required
          dtype: bool
        - name: type
          dtype: string
      - name: to_account
        struct:
        - name: description
          dtype: string
        - name: required
          dtype: bool
        - name: type
          dtype: string
      - name: to_lang
        struct:
        - name: description
          dtype: string
        - name: required
          dtype: bool
        - name: type
          dtype: string
      - name: type
        struct:
        - name: description
          dtype: string
        - name: required
          dtype: bool
        - name: type
          dtype: string
      - name: units
        struct:
        - name: description
          dtype: string
        - name: required
          dtype: bool
        - name: type
          dtype: string
  - name: difficulty
    dtype: string
  - name: answers
    list:
    - name: arguments
      dtype: string
    - name: name
      dtype: string
  - name: turns
    list:
    - name: content
      dtype: string
    - name: meta
      struct:
      - name: difficulty
        dtype: string
      - name: plan
        dtype: string
      - name: tags
        list: string
    - name: role
      dtype: string
    - name: tool_call
      struct:
      - name: arguments
        dtype: string
      - name: name
        dtype: string
  splits:
  - name: train
    num_bytes: 18291766
    num_examples: 4028
  download_size: 3370881
  dataset_size: 18291766
configs:
- config_name: default
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: data/train-*
---

# 🇰🇿 Kazakh Argument Schema Mapping and Tool Error Recovery Dataset

## Dataset Summary

**Kazakh Argument Schema Mapping and Tool Error Recovery Dataset** is a Kazakh-language dataset designed for training and evaluating Large Language Models (LLMs) in agentic AI workflows that require accurate argument mapping, schema-following, tool-call correction, and recovery from invalid tool calls.

The dataset contains user requests, tool schemas, expected tool calls, mock tool responses, error messages, retry behavior, and complete multi-turn interaction traces. It focuses on scenarios where an assistant must understand a user’s intent in Kazakh, map the request into valid function-call arguments, detect or respond to tool errors, revise invalid arguments, and complete the task through one or more tools.


---

## 📊 Dataset Statistics

### General Metrics

| Metric | Count |
| :--- | :--- |
| **Total Samples** | 4,028 |
| **Total Words** (approx.) | 1,561,416 |
| **Avg. Words per Sample** | 387 |

### Word Count Distribution Per Field

The following table shows the distribution of word counts across the main dataset fields.

| Field | Mean | Median | Min | Max | Total Words |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| **answers** | 47.3 | 41.0 | 6 | 305 | 190,620 |
| **category** | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1 | 1 | 4,028 |
| **difficulty** | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1 | 1 | 4,028 |
| **id** | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1 | 1 | 4,028 |
| **query** | 15.6 | 15.0 | 3 | 43 | 62,873 |
| **tools** | 85.7 | 82.0 | 24 | 159 | 345,317 |
| **turns** | 236.0 | 232.0 | 63 | 630 | 950,522 |


![image](https://cdn-uploads.huggingface.co/production/uploads/64f75f7bd04a890f5347d436/NZJyGQbvqzSvC4Vopd8ry.png)

---

## Dataset Structure

Each dataset instance represents a complete tool-augmented interaction. A sample usually includes a Kazakh user request, available tools, expected function calls, simulated tool responses, possible error messages, retry attempts, and a final assistant answer.

### Data Fields

- **`id`**: A unique identifier for the sample.

- **`query`**: The original user request in Kazakh. The query may require searching, booking, reservation, calculation, filtering, or other structured actions.

- **`category`**: The task category. For example, `05_argument_schema_mapping` indicates that the sample focuses on mapping user intent into correct tool arguments according to a given schema.

- **`tools`**: A list of tools available to the assistant. Each tool contains:
  - `name`: the tool name;
  - `description`: the tool’s purpose;
  - `parameters`: the expected argument schema;
  - `mock_response`: the expected response format.

- **`difficulty`**: The difficulty label of the sample.

- **`answers`**: The target tool calls expected from the assistant. This may include initial invalid calls, corrected calls, retries, or multiple sequential calls.

- **`turns`**: The full conversation trajectory, including:
  - user request;
  - assistant planning;
  - tool calls;
  - tool errors;
  - retry attempts;
  - successful tool responses;
  - final answer.

---

## Data Instance

Below is one representative example from the dataset. The sample demonstrates tool-call argument mapping, invalid argument handling, retry behavior, and final task completion. :contentReference[oaicite:0]{index=0}

```json
{
        "id": "aliya_id_1",
        "query": "Ертең кешкі сағат 19:00-де Алматыда жақсы итальяндық мейрамхана тауып, 4 адамға орын броньда.",
        "category": "05_argument_schema_mapping",
        "tools": [
            {
                "name": "web.search",
                "description": "Search the web for information",
                "parameters": {
                    "query": {
                        "type": "string",
                        "description": "Search query",
                        "required": true
                    },
                    "limit": {
                        "type": "int",
                        "description": "Number of results",
                        "required": false
                    }
                },
                "mock_response": {
                    "results": [
                        {
                            "title": "",
                            "snippet": "",
                            "url": ""
                        }
                    ]
                }
            },
            {
                "name": "restaurant.reserve",
                "description": "Make restaurant reservation",
                "parameters": {
                    "restaurantId": {
                        "type": "string",
                        "description": "Restaurant ID",
                        "required": true
                    },
                    "date": {
                        "type": "string",
                        "description": "Reservation date YYYY-MM-DD",
                        "required": true
                    },
                    "time": {
                        "type": "string",
                        "description": "Time HH:MM",
                        "required": true
                    },
                    "guests": {
                        "type": "int",
                        "description": "Number of guests",
                        "required": true
                    }
                },
                "mock_response": {
                    "reservation_id": "",
                    "status": "",
                    "restaurant": "",
                    "time": ""
                }
            }
        ],
        "difficulty": "easy",
        "answers": [
            {
                "name": "web.search",
                "arguments": "{\"query\": \"Алматыдағы үздік итальян мейрамханалары\", \"limit\": -5}"
            },
            {
                "name": "web.search",
                "arguments": "{\"query\": \"Алматыдағы үздік итальян мейрамханалары\", \"limit\": 1}"
            },
            {
                "name": "restaurant.reserve",
                "arguments": "{\"restaurantId\": \"ladolcevita_kz\", \"date\": \"2024-06-15\", \"time\": \"19:00\", \"guests\": 4}"
            },
            {
                "name": "restaurant.reserve",
                "arguments": "{\"restaurantId\": \"ladolcevita_kz\", \"date\": \"2024-06-15\", \"time\": \"19:00\", \"guests\": 4}"
            }
        ],
        "turns": [
            {
                "role": "user",
                "content": "Ертең кешкі сағат 19:00-де Алматыда жақсы итальяндық мейрамхана тауып, 4 адамға орын броньда."
            },
            {
                "role": "assistant",
                "content": "Алдымен Алматыдағы итальян мейрамханаларын іздеп, кейін бронь жасаймын.",
                "meta": {
                    "plan": "web.search + restaurant.reserve fetching data",
                    "tags": [],
                    "difficulty": "hard"
                }
            },
            {
                "role": "assistant",
                "content": "",
                "tool_call": {
                    "name": "web.search",
                    "arguments": "{\"query\": \"Алматыдағы үздік итальян мейрамханалары\", \"limit\": -5}"
                }
            },
            {
                "role": "tool",
                "content": "{\"error\": true, \"type\": \"Invalid arguments\", \"message\": \"Error of limits\", \"code\": 500}"
            },
            {
                "role": "assistant",
                "content": "Деректерді алуды қайталаймын",
                "meta": {
                    "plan": "Fix arguments ..",
                    "tags": [
                        "invalid_args",
                        "retry"
                    ],
                    "difficulty": "hard"
                }
            },
            {
                "role": "assistant",
                "content": "",
                "tool_call": {
                    "name": "web.search",
                    "arguments": "{\"query\": \"Алматыдағы үздік итальян мейрамханалары\", \"limit\": 1}"
                }
            },
            {
                "role": "tool",
                "content": "{\"results\": [{\"title\": \"La Dolce Vita итальян мейрамханасы\", \"snippet\": \"La Dolce Vita — Алматыдағы ең танымал итальян мейрамханаларының бірі.\", \"url\": \"https://ladolcevita.kz\"}]}"
            },
            {
                "role": "assistant",
                "content": "",
                "tool_call": {
                    "name": "restaurant.reserve",
                    "arguments": "{\"restaurantId\": \"ladolcevita_kz\", \"date\": \"2024-06-15\", \"time\": \"19:00\", \"guests\": 4}"
                }
            },
            {
                "role": "tool",
                "content": "{\"error\": true, \"type\": \"Invalid arguments\", \"message\": \"Error..\", \"code\": 500}"
            },
            {
                "role": "assistant",
                "content": "Деректерді алуды қайталаймын",
                "meta": {
                    "plan": "Fix arguments ..",
                    "tags": [
                        "invalid_args",
                        "retry"
                    ],
                    "difficulty": "hard"
                }
            },
            {
                "role": "assistant",
                "content": "",
                "tool_call": {
                    "name": "restaurant.reserve",
                    "arguments": "{\"restaurantId\": \"ladolcevita_kz\", \"date\": \"2024-06-15\", \"time\": \"19:00\", \"guests\": 4}"
                }
            },
            {
                "role": "tool",
                "content": "{\"reservation_id\": \"ABC12345\", \"status\": \"confirmed\", \"restaurant\": \"La Dolce Vita\", \"time\": \"2024-06-15 19:00\"}"
            },
            {
                "role": "assistant",
                "content": "Алматыдағы La Dolce Vita итальян мейрамханасынан 4 адамға 2024-06-15 күні 19:00-ге орын сәтті брондалды. (Дерек көзі: web.search + restaurant.reserve)"
            }
        ]
    },
```

## Funding

This dataset was developed as part of the project funded by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan under Grant No. BR24993001, “Creation of a Large Language Model (LLM) to Support the Kazakh Language and Advance Technological Development.”

## Citation

If you use this dataset in your research, please cite the following article:

### APA

Kadyrbek, N., Tuimebayev, Z., Mansurova, M., & Viegas, V. (2025). The development of small-scale language models for low-resource languages, with a focus on Kazakh and direct preference optimization. *Big Data and Cognitive Computing, 9*(5), 137. [https://doi.org/10.3390/bdcc9050137](https://doi.org/10.3390/bdcc9050137)

### BibTeX

```bibtex
@article{kadyrbek2025development,
  title     = {The Development of Small-Scale Language Models for Low-Resource Languages, with a Focus on Kazakh and Direct Preference Optimization},
  author    = {Kadyrbek, Nurgali and Tuimebayev, Zhanseit and Mansurova, Madina and Viegas, Vitor},
  journal   = {Big Data and Cognitive Computing},
  volume    = {9},
  number    = {5},
  pages     = {137},
  year      = {2025},
  publisher = {MDPI},
  doi       = {10.3390/bdcc9050137},
  url       = {https://www.mdpi.com/2504-2289/9/5/137}
}
```