TITLE: limit of power of fraction of sums of sines
QUESTION [5 upvotes]: Find the following limit:
$$\lim_{n\to\infty} \left(\frac{{\sin\frac{2}{2n}+\sin\frac{4}{2n}+\cdot \cdot \cdot+\sin\frac{2n}{2n}}}{{\sin\frac{1}{2n}+\sin\frac{3}{2n}+\cdot \cdot \cdot+\sin\frac{2n-1}{2n}}}\right)^{n}$$
I thought of some $\sin(x)$ approximation formula, but it doesn't seem to work.

REPLY [6 votes]: Let $f : [0, 1] \to [0, \infty)$ be of the class $C^1$ and not identically zero. Then by Mean Value Theorem, we have
$$ \sum_{k=1}^{n} f \left( \tfrac{2k}{2n} \right) = \sum_{k=1}^{n} \left( f \left( \tfrac{2k-1}{2n} \right) + f' (x_{n,k}) \frac{1}{2n} \right) $$
for some $x_{n,k} \in \left(\frac{2k-1}{2n}, \frac{2k}{2n} \right)$. Letting
$$ I_n = \frac{1}{n} \sum_{k=1}^{n} f \left( \tfrac{2k-1}{2n} \right) \quad \text{and} \quad J_n = \frac{1}{n} \sum_{k=1}^{n}f' (x_{n,k}),$$
We have
$$I_n \to I := \int_{0}^{1} f(x) \; dx \quad \text{and} \quad J_n \to J := \int_{0}^{1} f'(x) \; dx.$$
Therefore we obtain
$$ \left[ \frac{\sum_{k=1}^{n} f \left( \frac{2k}{2n} \right)}{\sum_{k=1}^{n} f \left( \frac{2k-1}{2n} \right)} \right]^{n} = \left( \frac{nI_n + \frac{1}{2}J_n}{n I_n} \right)^{n} = \left( 1 + \frac{1}{n}\frac{J_n}{2I_n} \right)^{n} \xrightarrow[n\to\infty]{} \exp \left( \frac{J}{2I} \right). $$
Now plugging $f(x) = \sin x$, the corresponding limit is $\exp \left( \frac{1}{2} \cot \frac{1}{2} \right)$.