TITLE: Convergence or divergence of $\sum_{k=1}^{\infty} \left(1-\cos\frac{1}{k}\right)$
QUESTION [6 upvotes]: Does $$\sum_{k=1}^{\infty} \left(1-\cos\frac{1}{k}\right)$$ converge or diverge?

REPLY [4 votes]: We know that $\cos x = 1-\frac{x^2}{2} + o(x^3)$ (this is $\cos x$ Taylor expansion near zero), so:
$$1-\cos\left(\frac{1}{k}\right) = 1-\left(1-\frac{\left(\frac{1}{k}\right)^2}{2} + o\left(\frac{1}{k^2}\right) \right)=\frac{\left(\frac{1}{k}\right)^2}{2} + o\left(\frac{1}{k^2}\right)$$
Notice that:
$$\lim_{k\to\infty}\frac{\frac{\left(\frac{1}{k}\right)^2}{2} + o\left(\frac{1}{k^2}\right)}{\frac{1}{k^2}}=\frac{1}{2}$$
Since $\sum \frac{1}{k^2}$ converges, and since $\left(1-\cos\left(\frac{1}{k}\right)\right)>0$ for all natural $k$,   we'll conclude from the limit comparison test that $\sum \left(1-\cos\frac{1}{k} \right)$ converges.