TITLE: Using Rolle's Theorem to prove roots.
QUESTION [10 upvotes]: Show that $x^5+10x+3=0$ has exactly one real solution using Rolle's Theorem.

I am referencing a closely related stack answer here. 
So I have tried letting $y=x^5+10x+3$.
Then $y'=5x^4+10$. Set $y'=0$
$$0=5x^4+10$$
$f$ is continuous on $\mathbb{R}$ and $f$ is differentiable on $\mathbb{R}$ but I need a closed interval $[a.b]$ of continuity that corresponds to an open interval $(a,b)$ of differentiation. Where $f(a)=f(b)$.
I do not see any real solution such as they were able to find in the provided link. As well as I do not see how to satisfy $f(a)=f(b)$. Any help and explanation is appreciated!

REPLY [2 votes]: $f'(x)=5x^4+10\geq 10>0$ for all real $x.$ So $f:\mathbb R\to \mathbb R$ is one-to-one.
Because  if $f(a)=f(b)$ with $a<b$ then the function  $g(x)=f(x)-f(a)=f(x)-f(b)$ is $0$ at $x=a$ and at $x=b$, implying $g'(x)=0$ for some $x\in (a,b)$ by Rolle's theorem. But $g'(x)=f'(x)\ne 0$ for all $x$.
Therefore there is at most one real $x$ with $f(x)=0.$
Since $f(0)>0$ and $f(-2)<0$ and $f$ is continuous we have $0\in [f(-2),f(0)]\subset \{f(x):x\in [-2,0]\} $.
Therefore there is at least one real $x$ with $f(x)=0. $