TITLE: $\det(A_1\cdot B_1 +A_2\cdot B_2)=0$
QUESTION [6 upvotes]: Let $A_1, A_2\in M_n(\mathbb{R})$  two symmetric matrices s.t. $det(A_1^2+A_2^2)=0$. 
Show that $det(A_1\cdot B_1 +A_2\cdot B_2)=0$ for every $B_1, B_2\in M_n(\mathbb{R})$.
My idea: 
I consider the matrix C :\begin{bmatrix}
    A_1 & A_2 \\
    B_1^t & B_2^t 
\end{bmatrix}
$det(C\cdot C^t)\geq 0\Rightarrow det(\begin{bmatrix}
    A_1^2 +A_2^2 & D \\
    D^t & E\\
\end{bmatrix})\geq 0 
$ where $D=A_1B_1+A_2B_2$.
I tried to expand the determinant with Laplace Rule. I am not sure if $ det(\begin{bmatrix}
    A_1^2 +A_2^2 & D \\
    D^t & E\\
\end{bmatrix}) = -det(D\cdot D^t)$. 
In this way I would  get $det(D)=0$.

REPLY [4 votes]: Let $\det(A^2_1+A^2_2)=0$ then there exists some vector $x\neq 0$ such that $(A^2_1+A^2_2)x=0$ this implies
$$0=\langle (A_1^2+A^2_2)x,x\rangle=\langle A^2_1x,x\rangle+\langle A^2_2x,x\rangle=\langle A_1 x,A^T_1x\rangle+\langle A_2x,A^T_2x\rangle$$
Since $A_1, A_2$ are symmetric then $A_1=A_1^T, A_2=A^T_2$. Therefore 
$$0=\langle A_1 x,A^T_1x\rangle+\langle A_2x,A^T_2x\rangle=\langle A_1 x,A_1x\rangle+\langle A_2x,A_2x\rangle=||A_1x||^2+||A_2x||^2$$
This holds only if $A_1x=A_2x=0$ in which case we obtain that $\det A_1=\det A_2=0$. Now let $C:=A_1B_1+A_2B_2$ then $C^T=B_1^TA^T_1+B^T_2A^T_2=B_1^TA_1+B^T_2A_2$. This then gives
$$C^T x=(B_1^TA_1+B^T_2A_2) x=B_1^TA_1x+B^T_2A_2x=B_1^T0+B^T_20=0$$
Therefore $\det C^T=0$ but $\det C=\det C^T$ for any matrix $C$. The result follows $$\det C=\det (A_1B_1+A_2B_2)=0$$