TITLE: Ideal Class Group of $\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{65})$
QUESTION [5 upvotes]: Let $O_K = \mathbb{Q}\left(\frac{1+\sqrt{65}}{2}\right)=\mathbb{Q}(\alpha)$ be the ring of algebraic integers of $K = \mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{65})$. I want to find the Ideal Class Group $G$ of $O_K$.

The hint I am given is to try to show that every ideal of norm $10$ is principal. By Dedekind's criterion we can factor
$$(2)=(2,\alpha)(2,\alpha+1)$$ $$(3) = (3)$$ $$(5) = (5,\alpha-3)(5,\alpha+2)$$
and the Minkowski Bound $\approx 5.1$.
Now I am having trouble showing that every ideal of norm $10$ is principal. Indeed, I am having trouble finding any ideal of norm $10$ as if $N(a+b\alpha) = a^2+ab-16b^2 = 10$ does not have any immediate solutions in mind. Even so, supposing we could show this, we would then that the class ideal group $G$ is generated by $a,b,c,d$ where $ac=ad=bc=bd=ab=bc=1$, i.e. cyclic generated by $a$. So we must determine the order of $a = (2,\alpha)$ in $G$. This does not seem straightforward either. Perhaps it just requires a lot of trials case by case, but in any case, I feel I am at an impasse.

REPLY [4 votes]: The order of $a=(2,\alpha)$ is two in the class group, let us compute $a^2$ modulo principal ideals:
$$
\begin{aligned}
a^2 
&= (2,\alpha)\cdot (2,\alpha)
\\
&= (2\cdot 2, \ 2\cdot \alpha, \ \alpha\cdot 2,\ \alpha\cdot\alpha)
\\
&= \left(\ 4, \ 1+\sqrt{65}, \ \frac 14(1+65+2\sqrt{65})\ \right)
\\
&= \left(\ 4, \ 1+\sqrt{65}, \ \frac 12(33+\sqrt{65})\ \right)
\\
&= \left(\ 4, \ 1+\sqrt{65}, \ \frac 12(1+\sqrt{65})\ \right)
\\
&= \left(\ 4, \ \frac 12(1+\sqrt{65})\ \right)
\\
&= \left(\ 4, \ \frac 12(-7+\sqrt{65})\ \right)
\\
&= \left(\ \frac 12(-7+\sqrt{65})\ \right)
\ .
\end{aligned}
$$
We have used $33=32+1$, and $4=\frac 12(-7+\sqrt{65})\cdot \frac 12(7+\sqrt{65})$.

Note:
There are computer algebra programs, that make it easy to work in the class group. sage for instance. The code is self-explanatory:
sage: K.<a> = QuadraticField( 65 )
sage: G = K.class_group()
sage: G
Class group of order 2 with structure C2 of Number Field in a with defining polynomial x^2 - 65
sage: G.order()
2
sage: G.gens()
(Fractional ideal class (2, 1/2*a - 1/2),)
sage: K.ideal( [2, (1+a)/2] )^2
Fractional ideal (-1/2*a + 7/2)