TITLE: I'm trying to identify a distribution presented to me as the "Van Loon distribution".
QUESTION [6 upvotes]: My professor's book on Electrical Measurements presents 3 distributions that model the probability density function of the error an observation is expected to have given a set of already obtained observations.
These are the normal distribution, the "Van Loon" distribution and the Laplace distribution. The problem is that I can't find any other reference to a Van Loon distribution on Google and I suspect my professor is using a lesser known name for an otherwise common distribution.
The distribution is:
$$\psi(\delta) = \frac{\alpha e^{\alpha \delta}}{(1+e^{\alpha \delta})^2}$$
Has anyone seen this distribution before?

REPLY [9 votes]: This is the logistic distribution.
\begin{align}
\int_0^\delta \frac {\alpha e^{\alpha\eta}}{(1+ e^{\alpha\eta})^2} \,d\eta = \int_2^{1+e^{\alpha\delta}} \frac{du}{u^2} = \frac 1 2 - \frac 1 {1+e^{\alpha\delta}} \to \frac 1 2 \text{ as } \delta\to+\infty.
\end{align}
Since the density is an even function, as may be checked with a bit of algebra, we have
$$
p=\int_{-\infty}^\delta \psi(\eta)\,d\eta = 1 - \frac 1 {1+e^{\alpha\delta}} = \frac 1 {1 + e^{-\alpha\delta}} = \text{a logistic function of }\delta.
$$
From this it follows that
$$
\delta = \frac 1 \alpha \log \frac p {1-p} = \frac 1 \alpha \operatorname{logit} p.
$$
"Logit" is conventionally pronounced with a "long o" as in "boat" and a soft "g" sounding like the "j" in "jet", and the stress on the first syllable.
Google the terms "logistic function" and "logistic distribution."