TITLE: Evaluate $\lim\limits_{x \to \infty} \sqrt[n]{(1+x^2)(2+x^2)...(n+x^2)}-x^2 $
QUESTION [5 upvotes]: I'm trying to calculate:
$$T = \lim\limits_{x \to \infty} \sqrt[n]{(1+x^2)(2+x^2)...(n+x^2)}-x^2$$
Here is my attempt.
Put $x^2=\dfrac{1}{t}$ so when $x\to \infty, t \to 0$ and the limit become
\begin{align*}
T &= \lim\limits_{t \to 0} \sqrt[n]{\left(1+\dfrac{1}{t}\right)\left(2+\dfrac{1}{t}\right)...\left(n+\dfrac{1}{t}\right)}-\dfrac{1}{t}\\
&=\lim\limits_{t \to 0} \sqrt[n]{\left(\dfrac{t+1}{t}\right)\left(\dfrac{2t+1}{t}\right)...\left(\dfrac{nt+1}{t}\right)}-\dfrac{1}{t} \\
&=\lim\limits_{t \to 0} \dfrac{\sqrt[n]{(t+1)(2t+1)...(nt+1)}-1}{t}
\end{align*}
My idea is to use $\lim\limits_{x\to0}\dfrac{(ax+1)^{\beta}-1}{x} =a\beta .$ But after some steps (above), now I'm stuck.
Thanks for any helps.

REPLY [2 votes]: By definition of pochammer symbol  $$(x^2+1)^{(n)}=(1+x^2)(2+x^2)\cdots (n+x^2)=\frac{\Gamma(x^2+1+n)}{\Gamma(x^2+1)}\sim x^{2n}\left(1+\frac{n(n+1)}{2x^2}+O(x^{-4})\right)$$ thus $$\sqrt[n]{(x^2+1)^{(n)}}-x^2 =x^2\left(1+\frac{n(n+1)}{2x^2}\right)^{\frac{1}{n}}-x^2$$ using the fractional binomial theorem  we have limit $$\lim_{x\to \infty}\left(\sqrt[n]{(x^2+1)^{(n)}}-x^2\right)= x^2\left(1+\frac{n(n+1)}{2n} x^{-2} +O(x^{-4}) -x^2\right)=\frac{n+1}{2}$$
Notation: $O(.)$ is Big O  notation.