TITLE: How to prove two equations in linear algebra
QUESTION [5 upvotes]: Given the following definition:

How to proof these two equations?

and

PS:
Actually, there are two proofs preceding the two(I have no problem with the following two), they are:

Maybe they are hints on solving the latter two.
I encounter this problem here(section 2.1 about page 8~page 9)

REPLY [2 votes]: Let $X=Y=A$. We have $(\ast): \textrm{tr} XBY^TC = \textrm{tr} CXBY^T = \textrm{tr} (CXBY^T)^T = \textrm{tr} Y(CXB)^T$. So
$$
\begin{eqnarray*}
\nabla_A \textrm{tr} ABA^TC
&=& \nabla_X \textrm{tr} XBY^TC + \nabla_Y \textrm{tr} XBY^TC \quad\textrm{(by chain rule)}\\
&=& \nabla_X \textrm{tr} X(BY^TC) + \nabla_Y \textrm{tr} Y(CXB)^T\quad(\textrm{by }(\ast))\\
&=& (BY^TC)^T + CXB = C^TAB^T + CAB
\end{eqnarray*}
$$
and we get the first result. The second result is more straightforward. Recall that for any fixed $i$, by Laplace expansion, we have $\det A=\sum_j (-1)^{i+j}A_{ij}M_{ij}(A)$, where $M_{ij}(A)$ denotes the $(i,j)$-minor of $A$. Since the computation of $M_{ij}(A)$ does not involve $A_{ij}$, we have $\frac\partial{\partial A_{ij}}\det A=(-1)^{i+j}M_{ij}(A)=C_{ji}(A)$, where $C_{kl}(A)$ denotes the $(k,l)$-cofactor of $A$. Hence $\nabla_A\det(A)=\textrm{adj}(A)^T=(\det A)(A^{-1})^T$.