TITLE: Conditional multivariate normal pdf with inequality $f(x_1 | x_2 > a)$
QUESTION [5 upvotes]: Let 
$$\begin{pmatrix}
        X_1 \\
        X_2 
        \end{pmatrix} \sim\mathcal{N}\left[\begin{pmatrix}
        0\\
        0
        \end{pmatrix} ,\begin{pmatrix}
        \sigma_{1}^2 & \sigma_{12} \\
        \sigma_{12} & \sigma_{2}^2
        \end{pmatrix} \right]
$$
I know how to get the expression (in terms of normal pdf and cdfs) of the densities:
$$ f(x_1 | x_1 > \alpha)  $$  (which is the truncated normal)
and
$$ f(x_1 | x_2 = \alpha) $$  (which is a conditional normal)
However, I'm stuck trying to figure out how to write
$$ f(x_1 | x_2 > \alpha) $$ 
in terms of normal pdfs and cdfs. It seems to me it should be a combination of the previous two steps, but I can't quite do it. 
I tried doing this (Is this right?? I'm probably missing some normalization term)
$$ f(x_1 | x_2 > \alpha) = \int_\alpha^\infty  g(x_1 | x_2 = u) \; f_2 (u) \; du $$
where $f_2 (\alpha)$ is the marginal distribution for $x_2$. Since I know the expression $ g(x_1 | x_2 = \alpha)$, I thought I could do this integral to get an expression in terms of a normal CDF but I haven't succeeded.
Please tell me if this is the way to go or I should try something simpler!!
Just to be crystal clear, the end objective is to get an expression for $ f(x_1 | x_2 > \alpha) $ in terms of normal PDFs and CDFs.
Thanks for your time.

REPLY [3 votes]: I took an easier approach and I think I got it. Just to be a bit more general I'll be using $(\mu_1, \mu_2 ) $ as the means of $(\epsilon_1, \epsilon_2) $ even though the question stated they were zero.
Write the standard normal PDF and CDF by $\phi$ and $\Phi$.
Define $$Pr(\epsilon_2 > \alpha) = 1 - F_2 (\alpha) $$ and multiply and divide by this term:
$$ f (\epsilon_1 | \epsilon_2 > \alpha) = {1 \over 1 - F_2 (\alpha) }  f(\epsilon_1 | \epsilon_2 > \alpha)  Pr (\epsilon_2 > \alpha )$$
Then: 
$$ = {1 \over 1 - F_2 (\alpha) } \int_\alpha^\infty f(\epsilon_1, \epsilon_2)  d \epsilon_2  $$
$$ = {1 \over 1 - F_2 (\alpha) } \int_\alpha^\infty f(\epsilon_2 | \epsilon_1)  f_1 (\epsilon_1) d \epsilon_2  $$
$$ = { f_1 (\epsilon_1) \over 1 - F_2 (\alpha)   } \int_\alpha^\infty f(\epsilon_2 | \epsilon_1 ) d \epsilon_2 $$
Focus now on the integral. $f(\epsilon_2 | \epsilon_1 ) $ follows a normal distribution too.
$$ \int_\alpha^\infty f(\epsilon_2 | \epsilon_1 ) d \epsilon_2  =  1 - F_{\epsilon_2 | \epsilon_1} (\alpha) $$
Now that we have the whole expression we just need to convert things into standard normal PDFs and CDFs.
We can write $ f_1 (\epsilon_1) = {1 \over \sigma_{1}} \phi({\epsilon_1 - \mu_1 \over \sigma_1})$ and $F_2 (\alpha) = \Phi ( {\alpha - \mu_2 \over \sigma_2  })$
Now note that $ f(\epsilon_2 | \epsilon_1 )$ is $N(\mu_{2|1}, \sigma_{2|1}) $, where $\mu_{2|1} = \mu_2 + \rho \frac{\sigma_2}{\sigma_1} (\epsilon_1 - \mu_1)$  and $ \sigma_{2|1} = (1 - \rho^2)\sigma_2^2 $, where $\rho$ is the correlation between $\epsilon_1$ and $\epsilon_2$ (check this entry in wikipedia)
Thus, the final expression is as follows:
$$ f(\epsilon_1 | \epsilon_2 > \alpha ) = { \phi\left({\epsilon_1 - \mu_1 \over \sigma_1}\right) \over \sigma_{1} \left( 1 - \Phi \left( {\alpha - \mu_2 \over \sigma_2  }\right) \right)} \left( 1 -\Phi\left( {\alpha - \mu_{2|1} \over \sigma_{2|1}} \right)  \right)   $$
I might add this result to the bivariate normal entry in wikipedia so that the next poor soul like me that has this doubt can easily find it. For that to happen, please help me check that the steps I followed are correct.