TITLE: Examples of advancement in mathematics due to war
QUESTION [5 upvotes]: It's not a lie that, in most sciences, some of their advancement comes from war. A couple examples would be the Haber process in chemistry and none other than the Manhattan Project in both physics and chemistry, both coming from the infamous World War 2. 
My question is: has there ever been advancement in mathematics due to war?

REPLY [3 votes]: "Decision mathematics" was spurred by the first war regarding resource allocation, linear programming for example. My A-level teacher introduced us with this topic.
Cryptography also progressed in leaps and bounds as well as computing because of the need for cryptography.  
The Curta mechanical calculator was invented by a Jew (Curta) in a concentration camp.