TITLE: What are the formal names of operands and results for basic operations?
QUESTION [65 upvotes]: I'm trying to mentally summarize the names of the operands for basic operations. I've got this so far:

Addition: Augend + Addend = Sum.
Subtraction: Minuend - Subtrahend = Difference. 
Multiplication: Multiplicand × Multiplier = Product. Generally, operands are called factors.
Division: Dividend ÷ Divisor = Quotient.
Modulation: Dividend % Divisor = Remainder.
Exponentiation: Base ^ Exponent = ___.
Finding roots: Degree √ Radicand = Root.

My questions:

I've heard addend used generally for addition operands. Is that correct formal usage?
Do subtraction and division lack general names for their operands because they are not commutative? Or am I just ignorant of them?
Is the base the same as a mantissa?
Is there a formal name for the result of exponentiation?
Is there a formal name for the operation of finding the nth root?
Am I missing anything else?

REPLY [36 votes]: Found this table on Wikipedia. It has all the formal names for those operations plus logarithm.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Calculation_results
Addition
${\left.{\begin{matrix}{\text{summand}}+{\text{summand}}\\{\text{addend (broad sense)}}+{\text{addend (broad sense)}}\\{\text{augend}}+{\text{addend (strict sense)}}\end{matrix}}\right\}}=sum$
Subtraction
${\text{minuend}}-{\text{subtrahend}}=difference$
Multiplication
$\left.{\begin{matrix}{\text{factor}}\times {\text{factor}}\\{\text{multiplier}}\times {\text{multiplicand}}\end{matrix}}\right\}=product$
Division
${\left.{\begin{matrix}{\frac {{\text{dividend}}}{{\text{divisor}}}}\\{\text{ }}\\{\frac {{\text{numerator}}}{{\text{denominator}}}}\end{matrix}}\right\}}={{\begin{matrix}fraction\\quotient\\ratio\end{matrix}}}$
Modulo
${\text{dividend}}{\bmod {\text{divisor}}}=remainder$
Exponentiation
${\text{base}}^{\text{exponent}}=power$
nth root
${\sqrt[{\text{degree}}]{{\text{radicand}}}}=root$
Logarithm
$\log _{\text{base}}({\text{antilogarithm}})=logarithm$