TITLE: To find an element of a  $\Pi^1_1$  set
QUESTION [6 upvotes]: I don't known the correct credit for the following: every non-empty $\Pi^1_1$ set of reals contains some $X \in L_{\alpha}$ for some $X$-recursive $\alpha$. (Addison-Kondo?)
So, my question is: what is the least $\beta$, s.t. $\mathcal{P}(\omega) \cap L_\beta$ is a basis for all non-empty $\Pi^1_1$ sets?

REPLY [4 votes]: The least such ordinal is the least ordinal which cannot be a $\Delta^1_2$-well-ordering over natural numbers. 
Let $$\delta^1_2=\mbox{ supremum of the }\Delta^1_2 \mbox{
wellorderings of } \omega,$$ and $$\delta=\min\{\alpha\mid
L\setminus L_{\alpha}\mbox{ contains no }\Pi^1_1 \mbox{
singleton}\}.$$
We claim that $\delta=\delta^1_2$.
$\mathbf{Proof}$:
If $\alpha<\delta$, then there is a $\Pi^1_1$ singleton $x \in
L_{\delta}\setminus L_{\alpha}$. Since $x\in L_{\omega_1^x}$ and
$\omega_1^x$ is a $\Pi^1_1(x)$-wellordering, it must be that
$\alpha<\omega_1^x<\delta^1_2$. So $\delta\leq \delta^1_2$.
If $\alpha<\delta^1_2$,  there is a $\Delta^1_2$ wellordering
relation $R\subseteq \omega\times \omega$ of order type $\alpha$. So
there are two arithmetical relations $S, T\subseteq
(\omega^{\omega})^2\times \omega^2$ so that
$$R(n,m)\Leftrightarrow \exists f \forall g S(f,g,n,m),
\mbox{ and}$$
$$\neg R(n,m)\Leftrightarrow \exists f \forall g T(f,g,n,m).$$
Define  $\Pi^1_1$ sets $$R_0=\{(h,\langle n,m\rangle)\mid h(0)=0\wedge \exists f\forall g 
(S(f,g,n,m)\wedge \forall n(f(n)=h(n+1)))\}$$ and $$R_1=\{(h,\langle n,m\rangle)\mid h(0)=1\wedge \exists f\forall g 
(T(f,g,n,m)\wedge \forall n(f(n)=h(n+1)))\}.$$ By $\Pi^1_1$-uniformization Theorem,  they both can be uniformized by $\Pi^1_1$ partial functions $p_{R_0}:\omega\to \omega^{\omega}$ and $p_{R_1}:\omega\to \omega^{\omega}$. Let $p=p_{R_0} \cup p_{R_1}$. Then $p$ is a $\Pi^1_1$  total function and can viewed as a $\Pi^1_1$-singleton. Then $R$ is recursive in $p$ and so $\alpha<\omega_1^p<\delta$. 
Thus $\delta^1_2=\delta$.