TITLE: Violating the Lebesgue density theorem
QUESTION [8 upvotes]: Can anyone exhibit a finite-dimensional metric space (preferably, $R^d$) equipped with a measure that does not satisfy the conclusions of the Lebesgue Density Theorem? Such examples exist in infinite-dimensional spaces (e.g., Hilbert space with the Gaussian measure) but what about a finite-dimensional one?

REPLY [13 votes]: It is a theorem of Besicovitch that measures on $\mathbb R^d$ do satisfy the density theorem.  


  Fremlin, Measure Theory, Chap. 47

added 

Besicovitch, around 1930, extended his density properties of sets to those of finite Hausdorff measure.
source

next: D. G. Larman, "A new theory of dimension", Proc. London. Math. Soc. 17 (1967) 178-192  

Def: a metric space is finite-dimensional in the sense of Larman iff there is a constant $K$ such that every ball of radius $2R$ can be covered by at most $K$ balls of radius $R$.  

Larman proves that such finite-dimensional spaces have a Vitali-type property, which of course implies the density theorem for all measures.  (Lebesgue's and Besicovitch's proofs used Vitali coverings.)
My student Manav Das investigated metric spaces with various Vitali-type properties.  For example:
Nonlinear Anal. 46 (2001) 457-463
Real Analysis Exchange 27 (2001/02) 7-15