TITLE: Uniform solutions to Post's problem for axiomatizable theories
QUESTION [11 upvotes]: The Second Incompleteness Theorem says that if $T$ is a consistent (computably) axiomatizable theory which extends IΣ1, then $\mathrm{Con}(T)$ is not provable from $T$. By analogy with computability theory, the stronger theory $T + \mathrm{Con}(T)$ can be thought of as the "jump" of $T$. To abuse this analogy, I will use $T'$ to denote the theory $T + \mathrm{Con}(T)$. I will write $T \leq S$ when $S$ proves every axiom of $T$; I will also write $S \equiv T$ (resp. $T < S$) when $T \leq S$ and $S \leq T$ (resp. $S \nleq T$). 
It is well-known that if $T$ is consistent there are plenty of axiomatizable theories $S$ such that $T < S < T'$. In the following questions $H$ will denote an operator (like $\mathrm{Con}$) that uses the computable axiomatization of $T$ to produce a sentence $H(T)$. I will write $T^H$ for the theory $T + H(T)$.

Is there a computable operator $H(T)$ such that $T < T^H < T'$ for every consistent  axiomatizable theory $T$ extending IΣ1? Is there such an operator which moreover satisfies that $T \equiv S$ implies $T^H \equiv S^H$?
Is there a computable operator $H(T)$ such that $(T^H)^H \equiv T'$ for every consistent  axiomatizable $T$ extending IΣ1?  Is there such an operator which moreover satisfies that $T \equiv S$ implies $T^H \equiv S^H$?

Question 1 asks for a uniform solution to the analogue of Post's Problem for axiomatizable theories. Question 2 asks for a uniform "half-jump" operator.

REPLY [5 votes]: The premise in your question that the Con operator itself
has the desired property and serves as a jump operator is
not universally true among the theories you consider.
Specifically, you seem to assume that because
$\text{Con}(T)$ is not provable in $T$, that
$T+\text{Con(T)}$ is consistent. But this is not correct,
because perhaps $T$ actually proves $\neg\text{Con}(T)$.
One easy instance of this is the theory
$T=PA+\neg\text{Con}(PA)$, which is consistent by the 2nd
Incompleteness Theorem, but clearly proves
$\neg\text{Con}(PA)$ and hence also $\neg\text{Con}(T)$.
Thus, as weird as it sounds, $T$ is a consistent theory
that proves its own inconsistency. In this case your theory
$T'$ is inconsistent and the jump failed. Carl's theory
$T^H$ in this case is consistent, but upon inspection you
will find that it is equivalent to $T$. So for this theory
$T$, your theory $T'$ jumped into inconsistency, and his
theory didn't jump at all.
One can similarly replace $PA$ here with any representable
theory $T_0$ and arrive at similar counterexamples, densely above any theory.
You can fix the question by
considering only the case where $T'$ is consistent, which
is surely what you had in mind. In this event, you would
only apply the jump when it happens to arrive at a
consistent theory. Since this question is not decidable
from a presentation of the theory, however, even from a
finite axiomatization, it may affect your motivation for
considering computable versions of the half-jump, since even the
full jump is not computable. 
For this reason, and also because there is something a
little arbitrary about having the jump only partially
defined, it may be that a more robust jump arises from the
Rosser sentence---there is no proof of me without a
shorter proof of my negation---instead of $\text{Con}(T)$?
This would put you back into the universal domain of all
representable consistent theories.