TITLE: Cauchy identity in three sets of variables?
QUESTION [10 upvotes]: The Cauchy identity states that
$$
\prod_{i,j} \frac{1}{1-x_i y_j} = \sum_\lambda s_\lambda(x) s_\lambda(y),
$$
where $s_\lambda(x)$ is the Schur function.
Is there a known decomposition of the product
$$
\prod_{i,j,k} \frac{1}{1-x_i y_j z_k}
$$
as a sum of Schur functions? 
Essentially equivalently, let $U$, $V$ and $W$ be finite dimensional complex vector spaces. Is the irreducible decomposition of $Sym(U \otimes V \otimes W)$ known as a $GL(U) \times GL(V) \times GL(W)$-module?

REPLY [13 votes]: Yes, up to the hard problem of determining Kronecker coefficients. Let $\Delta^\lambda$ be the Schur functor for the partition $\lambda$ of $r$ and let $S^\lambda$ be the corresponding irreducible representation of $S_r$ with character $\chi^\lambda$. Schur–Weyl duality states that 
$$ U^{\otimes r} \cong \bigoplus_{\lambda \in \mathrm{Par}(r)} \Delta^\lambda(U) \otimes S^\lambda $$ 
as a representation of $\mathrm{GL}(U) \times S_r$.
Take $\dim U, \dim V, \dim W \ge r$. It follows by taking $S_r$ invariants in $U^{\otimes r} \otimes V^{\otimes r} \otimes W^{\otimes r}$ that the multiplicity of the irreducible $\mathrm{GL}(U) \times \mathrm{GL}(V) \times \mathrm{GL}(W)$-module $\Delta^\lambda(U) \otimes \Delta^\mu(V) \otimes \Delta^\nu(W)$ in $\mathrm{Sym}^r (U \otimes V \otimes W)$ is the Kronecker coefficient $g_{\lambda\mu\nu} = \langle \chi^\lambda\chi^\mu\chi^\nu, 1_{S_n} \rangle$. Restated in symmetric polynomials,  this says
$$ \prod_{ijk}\frac{1}{1-x_iy_jz_k} = \sum_{\lambda\mu\nu}g_{\lambda\mu\nu} s_\lambda(x)s_\mu(y)s_\nu(z)$$