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Update README with train + 3 test splits

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@@ -23,8 +23,12 @@ configs:
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  data_files:
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  - split: train
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  path: "data/train/*.parquet"
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- - split: test
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- path: "data/test/*.parquet"
 
 
 
 
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  ---
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  # Obfuscated ExeBench (AArch64)
@@ -35,21 +39,31 @@ A large-scale dataset of **obfuscated AArch64 assembly** functions paired with t
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  | Property | Value |
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  |---|---|
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- | **Total samples** | ~980,000 (882,001 train / 97,999 test) |
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- | **Source** | [jordiae/exebench](https://huggingface.co/datasets/jordiae/exebench) (`clang` revision, `train_synth_compilable` split) |
 
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  | **Architecture** | AArch64 (ARM64) |
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  | **Obfuscator** | [Tigress 4.0.11](https://tigress.wtf/) |
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  | **Compiler** | `aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc 15.2.0` (`-S -O0 -std=c11 -w`) |
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  | **Techniques** | Control-Flow Flattening, Arithmetic Encoding, Combined |
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  | **Format** | Parquet with Snappy compression |
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  ## Columns
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  | Column | Type | Description |
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  |---|---|---|
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  | `fname` | `string` | Function name |
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  | `func_def` | `string` | Original C source code of the function |
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- | `technique` | `string` | Obfuscation technique applied (see below) |
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  | `clean_asm` | `string` | Clean AArch64 assembly from ExeBench (`angha_gcc_arm_O0`) |
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  | `obfuscated_asm` | `string` | Obfuscated AArch64 assembly (after Tigress → GCC) |
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  | `clean_ir` | `string` | Clean LLVM IR from ExeBench (`angha_clang_ir_O0`) |
@@ -57,126 +71,35 @@ A large-scale dataset of **obfuscated AArch64 assembly** functions paired with t
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  | `tigress_seed` | `int32` | Random seed used for Tigress (for reproducibility) |
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  | `exebench_split` | `string` | Source ExeBench split name |
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- ## Obfuscation Techniques
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-
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- Each function is independently obfuscated with one of three Tigress transformation pipelines:
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-
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- | Technique | Tigress Flags | Description |
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- |---|---|---|
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- | `Flatten` | `--Transform=Flatten` | **Control-Flow Flattening (CFF)** — replaces structured control flow with a dispatcher loop and switch statement, obscuring the original program structure. |
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- | `EncodeArithmetic` | `--Transform=EncodeArithmetic` | **Arithmetic Encoding** — replaces simple arithmetic and boolean operations with equivalent but complex expressions using Mixed Boolean-Arithmetic (MBA) identities. |
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- | `Flatten+EncodeArithmetic` | `--Transform=Flatten --Transform=EncodeArithmetic` | **Combined** — applies both CFF and arithmetic encoding for maximum obfuscation. |
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-
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- The techniques are applied in roughly equal proportions (~⅓ each).
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-
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- ## Intended Uses
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-
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- ### Primary: Neural Deobfuscation / Lifting
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- Train sequence-to-sequence models that translate **obfuscated assembly → clean LLVM IR**:
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- - Input: `obfuscated_asm`
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- - Target: `clean_ir`
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-
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- ### Secondary: Obfuscation Detection / Classification
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- Build classifiers that identify which obfuscation technique was applied:
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- - Input: `obfuscated_asm` or `obfuscated_c`
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- - Target: `technique`
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-
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- ### Other Uses
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- - **Source-level deobfuscation**: `obfuscated_c` → `func_def`
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- - **Assembly comparison studies**: `clean_asm` vs `obfuscated_asm`
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- - **Benchmarking binary analysis tools** against known obfuscation
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- - **Understanding Tigress transformations** at the assembly level
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-
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- ## Quick Start
91
 
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  ```python
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  from datasets import load_dataset
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- # Stream (recommended for large datasets)
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- ds = load_dataset("leachl/obfuscated-exebench", streaming=True, split="train")
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- for sample in ds:
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- print(sample["fname"])
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- print(sample["technique"])
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- print(sample["obfuscated_asm"][:200])
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- print(sample["clean_ir"][:200])
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- break
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- ```
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-
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- ```python
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- # Load fully into memory (requires ~1 GB RAM)
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- ds = load_dataset("leachl/obfuscated-exebench", split="train")
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- print(f"Total samples: {len(ds)}")
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  ```
111
 
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- ## Generation Pipeline
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- ```
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- ExeBench (C source + synth_deps)
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- │
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- ▼
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- ┌─────────────────┐
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- │ Tigress 4.0.11│ ← Obfuscation at C source level
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- │ --Env=aarch64 │
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- │ --Transform=… │
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- └────────┬────────┘
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- │ obfuscated C
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- ▼
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- ┌─────────────────────────┐
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- │ aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc │ ← Cross-compilation to AArch64 asm
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- │ -S -O0 -std=c11 -w │
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- └────────┬────────────────┘
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- │ obfuscated assembly
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- ▼
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- ┌─────────────────────────────────┐
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- │ Paired with ExeBench originals │
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- │ clean_asm, clean_ir, func_def │
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- └─────────────────────────────────┘
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- ```
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137
- Each ExeBench function is processed through up to 3 obfuscation pipelines independently. Functions that fail Tigress transformation or GCC cross-compilation are silently skipped (~50% Tigress failure rate is expected).
 
 
 
 
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139
  ## Tigress Runtime
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- The Tigress obfuscator prepends a large runtime (~7,400 lines / ~480 KB) to every output file. This runtime is **stripped** from the `obfuscated_c` column to save space — only the obfuscated target function body is stored.
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-
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- A representative copy of the full Tigress runtime is available in [`tigress_runtime.c`](tigress_runtime.c). If you need to recompile the obfuscated C, prepend this runtime to the `obfuscated_c` field.
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-
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- ## Dataset Statistics
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-
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- - **Source split**: `train_synth_compilable` from ExeBench
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- - **Technique distribution**: ~⅓ Flatten, ~⅓ EncodeArithmetic, ~⅓ Flatten+EncodeArithmetic
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- - **Obfuscated assembly is always different** from clean assembly (verified)
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- - **94%** of obfuscated functions produce longer assembly than the original
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- - **Clean IR** is valid LLVM IR (100% verified on sampled subset)
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-
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- ## Limitations
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-
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- - Only AArch64 architecture (no x86, RISC-V, etc.)
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- - Only `train_synth_compilable` split from ExeBench (not `train_real_compilable`)
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- - Only 3 Tigress transformations (Tigress supports many more: Virtualize, JIT, etc.)
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- - Compiled at `-O0` only (no optimisation levels)
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- - The `obfuscated_c` field contains only the target function — helper functions and the Tigress runtime are stripped
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- - ~50% of ExeBench functions fail Tigress processing (complex dependencies, unsupported constructs)
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-
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- ## Citation
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-
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- If you use this dataset, please cite:
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-
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- ```bibtex
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- @misc{obfuscated-exebench-2026,
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- title={Obfuscated ExeBench: A Large-Scale Dataset for Neural Deobfuscation},
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- author={Leach, L.},
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- year={2026},
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- howpublished={\url{https://huggingface.co/datasets/leachl/obfuscated-exebench}},
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- }
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- ```
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-
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- ### Related Work
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-
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- - **ExeBench**: Armengol-Estapé, J., et al. (2024). [ExeBench: an ML-scale dataset of executable C functions](https://huggingface.co/datasets/jordiae/exebench).
178
- - **Tigress**: Collberg, C. (2024). [The Tigress C Diversifier/Obfuscator](https://tigress.wtf/).
179
 
180
  ## License
181
 
182
- This dataset is released under the [MIT License](LICENSE). The underlying ExeBench data is subject to its own license terms.
 
23
  data_files:
24
  - split: train
25
  path: "data/train/*.parquet"
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+ - split: test_flatten
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+ path: "data/test_flatten/*.parquet"
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+ - split: test_encode_arithmetic
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+ path: "data/test_encode_arithmetic/*.parquet"
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+ - split: test_combined
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+ path: "data/test_combined/*.parquet"
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  ---
33
 
34
  # Obfuscated ExeBench (AArch64)
 
39
 
40
  | Property | Value |
41
  |---|---|
42
+ | **Training samples** | ~980,000 (from ExeBench `train_synth_compilable`) |
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+ | **Test samples** | 11,726 (3,909 Flatten / 3,908 EncodeArithmetic / 3,909 Combined) |
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+ | **Test source** | ExeBench `test_synth` (unseen functions) |
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  | **Architecture** | AArch64 (ARM64) |
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  | **Obfuscator** | [Tigress 4.0.11](https://tigress.wtf/) |
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  | **Compiler** | `aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc 15.2.0` (`-S -O0 -std=c11 -w`) |
48
  | **Techniques** | Control-Flow Flattening, Arithmetic Encoding, Combined |
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  | **Format** | Parquet with Snappy compression |
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51
+ ## Splits
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+
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+ | Split | Rows | Source | Techniques |
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+ |---|---|---|---|
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+ | `train` | ~980,000 | ExeBench `train_synth_compilable` | All three (balanced ⅓ each) |
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+ | `test_flatten` | 3,909 | ExeBench `test_synth` | Flatten only |
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+ | `test_encode_arithmetic` | 3,908 | ExeBench `test_synth` | EncodeArithmetic only |
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+ | `test_combined` | 3,909 | ExeBench `test_synth` | Flatten+EncodeArithmetic |
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+
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  ## Columns
61
 
62
  | Column | Type | Description |
63
  |---|---|---|
64
  | `fname` | `string` | Function name |
65
  | `func_def` | `string` | Original C source code of the function |
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+ | `technique` | `string` | Obfuscation technique applied |
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  | `clean_asm` | `string` | Clean AArch64 assembly from ExeBench (`angha_gcc_arm_O0`) |
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  | `obfuscated_asm` | `string` | Obfuscated AArch64 assembly (after Tigress → GCC) |
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  | `clean_ir` | `string` | Clean LLVM IR from ExeBench (`angha_clang_ir_O0`) |
 
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  | `tigress_seed` | `int32` | Random seed used for Tigress (for reproducibility) |
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  | `exebench_split` | `string` | Source ExeBench split name |
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74
+ ## Usage
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
75
 
76
  ```python
77
  from datasets import load_dataset
78
 
79
+ # Training data (all techniques)
80
+ train = load_dataset("leachl/obfuscated-exebench", split="train", streaming=True)
81
 
82
+ # Test sets (one per technique, from unseen test_synth functions)
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+ test_flat = load_dataset("leachl/obfuscated-exebench", split="test_flatten")
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+ test_ea = load_dataset("leachl/obfuscated-exebench", split="test_encode_arithmetic")
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+ test_comb = load_dataset("leachl/obfuscated-exebench", split="test_combined")
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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  ```
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88
+ ## Obfuscation Techniques
89
 
90
+ Each function is independently obfuscated with one of three Tigress transformations:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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92
+ | Technique | Tigress Flag | Description |
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+ |---|---|---|
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+ | `Flatten` | `--Transform=Flatten` | Control-flow flattening — replaces structured control flow with a switch-in-a-loop dispatcher |
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+ | `EncodeArithmetic` | `--Transform=EncodeArithmetic` | Replaces simple arithmetic/boolean expressions with equivalent but complex MBA expressions |
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+ | `Flatten+EncodeArithmetic` | Both transforms | Combined: flattening + arithmetic encoding applied sequentially |
97
 
98
  ## Tigress Runtime
99
 
100
+ A representative Tigress runtime (~480 KB, ~7400 lines of C) is stored in `tigress_runtime.c`.
101
+ The `obfuscated_c` column contains **only** the target function body (runtime stripped).
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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103
  ## License
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105
+ MIT — same as the underlying ExeBench dataset.