sense_id stringlengths 9 30 | lexeme_id stringlengths 2 15 | headword stringlengths 2 15 | pos stringclasses 9
values | sense_index int32 0 3 | domain stringclasses 160
values | tier stringclasses 3
values | reading_level stringclasses 5
values | register stringclasses 5
values | text stringlengths 11 211 | span_start int32 0 194 ⌀ | span_end int32 1 203 ⌀ | readability_grade float64 -2.81 32.7 ⌀ | source stringclasses 2
values |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
abbess:noun:0 | abbess | abbess | noun | 0 | humanities.religion | tier2 | grade_5 | plain | The abbess welcomed visitors to the convent garden. | 4 | 10 | 6.71 | renditions |
abbess:noun:0 | abbess | abbess | noun | 0 | humanities.religion | tier2 | grade_10 | plain | The abbess organized a food drive for families in need. | 4 | 10 | 3.65 | renditions |
abbess:noun:0 | abbess | abbess | noun | 0 | humanities.religion | tier2 | college | plain | The abbess arranged for the convent to shelter travelers during the winter storm. | 4 | 10 | 7.63 | renditions |
abbess:noun:0 | abbess | abbess | noun | 0 | humanities.religion | tier2 | neutral | plain | Her abbessship was confirmed by the chapter. | 4 | 14 | null | renditions |
abbess:noun:0 | abbess | abbess | noun | 0 | humanities.religion | tier2 | neutral | plain | The abbessship carried responsibilities for property, discipline, and spiritual guidance. | 4 | 14 | null | renditions |
abbess:noun:0 | abbess | abbess | noun | 0 | humanities.religion | tier2 | grade_5 | plain | Our abbess helps the nuns plan meals, work, and prayer. | 4 | 10 | 0.11 | per_sense |
abbess:noun:0 | abbess | abbess | noun | 0 | humanities.religion | tier2 | grade_10 | plain | The abbess presided over the community’s meeting and resolved a disagreement among the nuns. | 4 | 10 | 11.78 | renditions |
abbess:noun:0 | abbess | abbess | noun | 0 | humanities.religion | tier2 | college | plain | At breakfast, the abbess settled the community’s schedule before opening the abbey to visitors. | 18 | 24 | 11.78 | per_sense |
abbess:noun:0 | abbess | abbess | noun | 0 | humanities.religion | tier2 | neutral | informal | You can ask the abbess if the sisters need a hand. | 16 | 22 | 1.57 | per_sense |
abbess:noun:0 | abbess | abbess | noun | 0 | humanities.religion | tier2 | neutral | formal | The abbess approved the community’s annual accounts and appointed a new treasurer. | 4 | 10 | 10.72 | per_sense |
abbess:noun:0 | abbess | abbess | noun | 0 | humanities.religion | tier2 | neutral | technical | The abbess exercises canonical authority as superior of the women’s religious community. | 4 | 10 | 17.61 | per_sense |
abbess:noun:0 | abbess | abbess | noun | 0 | humanities.religion | tier2 | neutral | slang | The abbess runs the whole nuns’ house, no kidding. | 4 | 10 | 2.34 | per_sense |
abbey:noun:0 | abbey | abbey | noun | 0 | humanities.religion | core | neutral | plain | The abbey was founded in the 12th century. | 4 | 9 | null | renditions |
abbey:noun:0 | abbey | abbey | noun | 0 | humanities.religion | core | neutral | plain | Architects analyzed the abbey's cloister for scholarly insight. | 24 | 29 | null | renditions |
abbey:noun:0 | abbey | abbey | noun | 0 | humanities.religion | core | grade_1 | plain | We saw the old abbey on our trip. | 15 | 20 | -0.67 | renditions |
abbey:noun:0 | abbey | abbey | noun | 0 | humanities.religion | core | grade_5 | plain | Our family toured the quiet abbey during our holiday. | 28 | 33 | 6.28 | renditions |
abbey:noun:0 | abbey | abbey | noun | 0 | humanities.religion | core | grade_10 | plain | Visitors gathered outside the ruined abbey before entering its ancient chapel. | 37 | 42 | 10.15 | renditions |
abbey:noun:0 | abbey | abbey | noun | 0 | humanities.religion | core | college | plain | The abbey’s vaulted nave remains the most striking feature of the historic complex. | 4 | 9 | 7.63 | renditions |
abbey:noun:1 | abbey | abbey | noun | 1 | humanities.religion | core | neutral | plain | The abbey maintains archives of endowments. | 4 | 9 | null | renditions |
abbey:noun:1 | abbey | abbey | noun | 1 | humanities.religion | core | neutral | plain | Scholars examined the abbey as a social institution in medieval times. | 22 | 27 | null | renditions |
abbey:noun:1 | abbey | abbey | noun | 1 | humanities.religion | core | grade_1 | plain | We saw the old abbey on our trip. | 15 | 20 | -0.67 | renditions |
abbey:noun:1 | abbey | abbey | noun | 1 | humanities.religion | core | grade_5 | plain | The abbey’s community shares meals and follows its daily rules. | 4 | 9 | 7.19 | renditions |
abbey:noun:1 | abbey | abbey | noun | 1 | humanities.religion | core | grade_10 | plain | The abbey now welcomes visitors who want to explore its historic rooms. | 4 | 9 | 6.79 | renditions |
abbey:noun:1 | abbey | abbey | noun | 1 | humanities.religion | core | college | plain | The abbey attracts visitors interested in its Romanesque architecture and monastic history. | 4 | 9 | 15.64 | renditions |
abbot:noun:0 | abbot | abbot | noun | 0 | humanities.religion | core | neutral | plain | The abbot presided over the monastery council and governed its daily life. | 4 | 9 | null | renditions |
abbot:noun:0 | abbot | abbot | noun | 0 | humanities.religion | core | neutral | plain | As abbot, he supervised property, discipline, and liturgical observances. | 3 | 8 | null | renditions |
abbot:noun:0 | abbot | abbot | noun | 0 | humanities.religion | core | grade_1 | plain | The abbot led the monks through their day. | 4 | 9 | -0.67 | renditions |
abbot:noun:0 | abbot | abbot | noun | 0 | humanities.religion | core | grade_5 | plain | The abbot helped the monks plan their work and prayers. | 4 | 9 | 0.11 | renditions |
abbot:noun:0 | abbot | abbot | noun | 0 | humanities.religion | core | grade_10 | plain | The abbot settled disputes among the monks and organized their daily work. | 4 | 9 | 5.81 | renditions |
abbot:noun:0 | abbot | abbot | noun | 0 | humanities.religion | core | college | plain | The abbot directed the monastery’s charitable activities and resolved disputes within the religious community. | 4 | 9 | 16.84 | renditions |
abbots:noun:0 | abbots | abbots | noun | 0 | humanities.religion | tier2 | neutral | plain | The abbots convened to discuss reform of the monastery's estates. | 4 | 10 | null | renditions |
abbots:noun:0 | abbots | abbots | noun | 0 | humanities.religion | tier2 | neutral | plain | Abbots maintained extensive records of land and endowments. | 0 | 6 | null | renditions |
abbots:noun:0 | abbots | abbots | noun | 0 | humanities.religion | tier2 | grade_1 | plain | The abbots led prayers at the old church. | 4 | 10 | -0.67 | renditions |
abbots:noun:0 | abbots | abbots | noun | 0 | humanities.religion | tier2 | grade_5 | plain | The abbots welcomed visitors and showed them the old garden. | 4 | 10 | 4.83 | renditions |
abbots:noun:0 | abbots | abbots | noun | 0 | humanities.religion | tier2 | grade_10 | plain | The abbots welcomed travelers and offered them shelter during the winter. | 4 | 10 | 8.01 | renditions |
abbots:noun:0 | abbots | abbots | noun | 0 | humanities.religion | tier2 | college | plain | The abbots sponsored a school that provided instruction to novices and local children. | 4 | 10 | 9.45 | renditions |
abbots:noun:0 | abbots | abbots | noun | 0 | humanities.religion | tier2 | grade_1 | plain | The abbots lead prayers in the old abbey. | 4 | 10 | 0.8 | per_sense |
abbots:noun:0 | abbots | abbots | noun | 0 | humanities.religion | tier2 | grade_5 | plain | Three abbots met to plan care for their monks. | 6 | 12 | -0.28 | per_sense |
abbots:noun:0 | abbots | abbots | noun | 0 | humanities.religion | tier2 | grade_10 | plain | Several abbots met to discuss how their abbeys should welcome new monks. | 8 | 14 | 5.81 | renditions |
abbots:noun:0 | abbots | abbots | noun | 0 | humanities.religion | tier2 | college | plain | Several abbots gathered to coordinate pastoral care across neighboring monasteries. | 8 | 14 | 14.27 | per_sense |
abbots:noun:0 | abbots | abbots | noun | 0 | humanities.religion | tier2 | neutral | informal | Those abbots run their monasteries with surprisingly different styles. | 6 | 12 | 10.21 | per_sense |
abbots:noun:0 | abbots | abbots | noun | 0 | humanities.religion | tier2 | neutral | formal | The abbots approved the community's revised schedule and financial report. | 4 | 10 | 11.91 | per_sense |
abbots:noun:0 | abbots | abbots | noun | 0 | humanities.religion | tier2 | neutral | technical | The abbots exercised canonical authority over monastic discipline and liturgical observance. | 4 | 10 | 19.81 | per_sense |
abbots:noun:0 | abbots | abbots | noun | 0 | humanities.religion | tier2 | neutral | slang | The abbots called a quick meeting when the monks started arguing. | 4 | 10 | 3.72 | per_sense |
abbots:noun:0 | abbots | abbots | noun | 0 | humanities.religion | tier2 | neutral | plain | The election of an abbot confirmed leadership of the community. | 33 | 38 | null | renditions |
abbots:noun:0 | abbots | abbots | noun | 0 | humanities.religion | tier2 | grade_1 | plain | The abbots lead the monks through each busy day. | 4 | 10 | 1.03 | renditions |
abbots:noun:0 | abbots | abbots | noun | 0 | humanities.religion | tier2 | grade_5 | plain | The abbots helped the monks plan meals and chores. | 4 | 10 | -0.28 | renditions |
abbots:noun:0 | abbots | abbots | noun | 0 | humanities.religion | tier2 | grade_10 | plain | The abbots guided their monasteries through periods of change and uncertainty. | 4 | 10 | 8.01 | renditions |
abbots:noun:0 | abbots | abbots | noun | 0 | humanities.religion | tier2 | college | plain | The abbots oversaw the monasteries’ finances, discipline, and relations with surrounding communities. | 4 | 10 | 14.66 | renditions |
abbots:noun:0 | abbots | abbots | noun | 0 | humanities.religion | tier2 | neutral | informal | Being abbots means handling chores, disputes, budgets, and plenty of prayer. | 6 | 12 | 4.79 | per_sense |
abbots:noun:0 | abbots | abbots | noun | 0 | humanities.religion | tier2 | neutral | formal | The abbots' office entails governance, disciplinary supervision, and spiritual oversight of the monastery. | 4 | 10 | 17.62 | per_sense |
abbots:noun:0 | abbots | abbots | noun | 0 | humanities.religion | tier2 | neutral | slang | The abbots had to keep the whole place running, from rules to prayer. | 4 | 10 | 4 | per_sense |
abbots:noun:1 | abbots | abbots | noun | 1 | humanities.religion | tier2 | neutral | plain | Abbot tenure and governance shaped the monastery's reforms. | 0 | 5 | null | renditions |
abbots:noun:1 | abbots | abbots | noun | 1 | humanities.religion | tier2 | grade_10 | plain | When abbots take office, they accept responsibility for discipline and spiritual care. | 5 | 11 | 11.71 | per_sense |
abbots:noun:1 | abbots | abbots | noun | 1 | humanities.religion | tier2 | college | plain | The abbots' role combines administrative authority with responsibility for the community's spiritual life. | 4 | 10 | 18.53 | per_sense |
abbots:noun:2 | abbots | abbots | noun | 2 | history.medieval_history | tier2 | neutral | plain | Medieval abbots could grant land to knights and collect taxes from nearby villages. | 9 | 15 | 7.63 | renditions |
abbots:noun:2 | abbots | abbots | noun | 2 | history.medieval_history | tier2 | neutral | plain | Charters granted abbots certain feudal privileges and rights over peasants. | 17 | 23 | null | renditions |
abbots:noun:2 | abbots | abbots | noun | 2 | history.medieval_history | tier2 | grade_1 | plain | Long ago, abbots owned fields and ruled the people there. | 10 | 16 | 2.47 | renditions |
abbots:noun:2 | abbots | abbots | noun | 2 | history.medieval_history | tier2 | grade_5 | plain | Some abbots owned large farms and made rules for the people who lived there. | 5 | 11 | 3.36 | renditions |
abbots:noun:2 | abbots | abbots | noun | 2 | history.medieval_history | tier2 | grade_10 | plain | In medieval England, abbots sometimes governed monastery lands as local lords. | 21 | 27 | 11.23 | renditions |
abbots:noun:2 | abbots | abbots | noun | 2 | history.medieval_history | tier2 | college | plain | When a monastery acquired a village, its abbots could exercise lordly authority over the surrounding estate. | 41 | 47 | 13.51 | renditions |
abbots:noun:2 | abbots | abbots | noun | 2 | history.medieval_history | tier2 | grade_1 | plain | Old abbots owned farms and ruled nearby lands. | 4 | 10 | 0.8 | per_sense |
abbots:noun:2 | abbots | abbots | noun | 2 | history.medieval_history | tier2 | grade_10 | plain | Some medieval abbots governed villages and received taxes from their extensive estates. | 14 | 20 | 10.72 | per_sense |
abbots:noun:2 | abbots | abbots | noun | 2 | history.medieval_history | tier2 | college | plain | In medieval Europe, abbots could exercise secular jurisdiction over villages attached to their landed estates. | 20 | 26 | 14.65 | per_sense |
abbots:noun:2 | abbots | abbots | noun | 2 | history.medieval_history | tier2 | neutral | informal | Those medieval abbots were landlords too, collecting dues from the surrounding villages. | 15 | 21 | 9.74 | per_sense |
abbots:noun:2 | abbots | abbots | noun | 2 | history.medieval_history | tier2 | neutral | formal | Certain abbots administered territorial estates and exercised lordship over dependent tenants. | 8 | 14 | 16.59 | per_sense |
abbots:noun:2 | abbots | abbots | noun | 2 | history.medieval_history | tier2 | neutral | technical | Medieval abbots could hold demesne lands, exact customary dues, and exercise seigneurial jurisdiction. | 9 | 15 | 13.99 | per_sense |
abbots:noun:2 | abbots | abbots | noun | 2 | history.medieval_history | tier2 | neutral | slang | Some old abbots were basically big-time landlords with villages paying them. | 9 | 15 | 6.79 | per_sense |
abbott:noun:0 | abbott | abbott | noun | 0 | people_society.personal_names | tier2 | neutral | plain | The Abbott family has produced several notable scholars. | 4 | 10 | null | renditions |
abbott:noun:0 | abbott | abbott | noun | 0 | people_society.personal_names | tier2 | neutral | plain | Abbott is a common surname in parts of the United States. | 0 | 6 | null | renditions |
abbott:noun:0 | abbott | abbott | noun | 0 | people_society.personal_names | tier2 | grade_1 | plain | Mr. Abbott read a book to Mia. | 4 | 10 | -2.42 | renditions |
abbott:noun:0 | abbott | abbott | noun | 0 | people_society.personal_names | tier2 | grade_5 | plain | Mia asked Mr. Abbott to help with her history project. | 14 | 20 | 1.7 | renditions |
abbott:noun:0 | abbott | abbott | noun | 0 | people_society.personal_names | tier2 | grade_10 | plain | Several members of the Abbott family have earned recognition as scholars. | 23 | 29 | 10.15 | renditions |
abbott:noun:0 | abbott | abbott | noun | 0 | people_society.personal_names | tier2 | college | plain | Several members of the Abbott family have achieved distinction as scholars. | 23 | 29 | 10.15 | renditions |
abbott:noun:0 | abbott | abbott | noun | 0 | people_society.personal_names | tier2 | grade_5 | plain | Our new neighbor, Mr. Abbott, grows roses by the gate. | 22 | 28 | 0.52 | per_sense |
abbott:noun:0 | abbott | abbott | noun | 0 | people_society.personal_names | tier2 | grade_10 | plain | Although Abbott began as a title, it now appears as a family surname. | 9 | 15 | 7.63 | per_sense |
abbott:noun:0 | abbott | abbott | noun | 0 | people_society.personal_names | tier2 | college | plain | A baptismal record lists Thomas Abbott, preserving the surname across four generations. | 32 | 38 | 11.71 | per_sense |
abbott:noun:0 | abbott | abbott | noun | 0 | people_society.personal_names | tier2 | neutral | informal | My friend Abbott says everyone mangles his surname. | 10 | 16 | 5.23 | per_sense |
abbott:noun:0 | abbott | abbott | noun | 0 | people_society.personal_names | tier2 | neutral | formal | The registry records Abbott as the applicant's inherited surname. | 21 | 27 | 11.52 | per_sense |
abbott:noun:0 | abbott | abbott | noun | 0 | people_society.personal_names | tier2 | neutral | technical | Onomasticians classify Abbott as an English surname derived from the ecclesiastical title abbot. | 23 | 29 | 14.9 | per_sense |
abbott:noun:0 | abbott | abbott | noun | 0 | people_society.personal_names | tier2 | neutral | slang | The Abbott name is still kicking around our town. | 4 | 10 | 2.34 | per_sense |
abbott:noun:1 | abbott | abbott | noun | 1 | business.general | tier2 | neutral | plain | Abbott reported strong quarterly profits in the latest report. | 0 | 6 | null | renditions |
abbott:noun:1 | abbott | abbott | noun | 1 | business.general | tier2 | neutral | plain | Abbott makes the glucose monitor my dad uses every day. | 0 | 6 | 7.19 | renditions |
abbott:noun:1 | abbott | abbott | noun | 1 | business.general | tier2 | grade_1 | plain | Abbott made medicine for sick people. | 0 | 6 | 4.45 | renditions |
abbott:noun:1 | abbott | abbott | noun | 1 | business.general | tier2 | grade_5 | plain | Abbott opened a new center to help people manage diabetes. | 0 | 6 | 6.01 | renditions |
abbott:noun:1 | abbott | abbott | noun | 1 | business.general | tier2 | grade_10 | plain | Abbott developed a portable test that helps doctors detect infections quickly. | 0 | 6 | 10.15 | renditions |
abbott:noun:1 | abbott | abbott | noun | 1 | business.general | tier2 | college | plain | Abbott expanded its medical-device business by introducing a wearable sensor for continuous glucose monitoring. | 0 | 6 | 17.01 | renditions |
abbott:noun:1 | abbott | abbott | noun | 1 | business.general | tier2 | grade_1 | plain | Abbott makes tools to help sick people. | 0 | 6 | 0.63 | per_sense |
abbott:noun:1 | abbott | abbott | noun | 1 | business.general | tier2 | grade_5 | plain | At work, Abbott makes tests and devices for hospitals. | 9 | 15 | 4.96 | per_sense |
abbott:noun:1 | abbott | abbott | noun | 1 | business.general | tier2 | grade_10 | plain | Abbott launched a new diagnostic test for hospitals in three countries. | 0 | 6 | 4.79 | renditions |
abbott:noun:1 | abbott | abbott | noun | 1 | business.general | tier2 | college | plain | Investors watched Abbott's diversified portfolio, which spans diagnostics, nutrition, and medical devices. | 18 | 24 | 14.66 | per_sense |
abbott:noun:1 | abbott | abbott | noun | 1 | business.general | tier2 | neutral | informal | Honestly, Abbott's diabetes tech has been a big help for clinics. | 10 | 16 | 4.79 | per_sense |
abbott:noun:1 | abbott | abbott | noun | 1 | business.general | tier2 | neutral | formal | Abbott's annual filing documents operations in pharmaceuticals, diagnostics, and medical devices. | 0 | 6 | 18.74 | per_sense |
abbott:noun:1 | abbott | abbott | noun | 1 | business.general | tier2 | neutral | technical | Abbott's diagnostics segment develops immunoassays, glucose monitors, and point-of-care testing systems. | 0 | 6 | 13.08 | per_sense |
abbott:noun:1 | abbott | abbott | noun | 1 | business.general | tier2 | neutral | slang | Abbott's pumping out health gear for hospitals worldwide. | 0 | 6 | 5.23 | per_sense |
abbr:noun:0 | abbr | abbr | noun | 0 | language.writing | tier2 | neutral | plain | The glossary lists abbr for chemical names used throughout the article. | 19 | 23 | null | renditions |
abbr:noun:0 | abbr | abbr | noun | 0 | language.writing | tier2 | neutral | plain | I had to look up the abbr. “appt.” before filling out the form. | 21 | 25 | -0.28 | renditions |
abbr:noun:0 | abbr | abbr | noun | 0 | language.writing | tier2 | grade_1 | plain | Mia wrote an abbr for the long name on her card. | 13 | 17 | 0.5 | renditions |
abbr:noun:0 | abbr | abbr | noun | 0 | language.writing | tier2 | grade_5 | plain | The recipe uses an abbr for each long ingredient name. | 19 | 23 | 4.83 | renditions |
abbr:noun:0 | abbr | abbr | noun | 0 | language.writing | tier2 | grade_10 | plain | The editor added an abbr for the organization’s full name to save space. | 20 | 24 | 7.63 | renditions |
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