text:
note =      "Knowledge of the distribution of electrical fields in
                 the human body is of importance for scientists,
                 engineers and physicians. This paper shows one way to
                 achieve this knowledge by numerical calculation based
                 on macroscopic models of the human body. An anatomical
                 model is created by preprocessing, segmentation and
                 classification of the digital images within the Visible
                 Man data set. Conductivity models are derived, which
                 describe the distribution of electrical conductivity in
                 the human body. A conductivity model is applied to
                 solve an exemplary forward problem in
                 electrophysiology, which consist of the calculation of
                 the electrical field distribution arising from cardiac
                 sources. The cardiac sources are obtained by a model of
                 the excitation process within the heart. The
                 calculation of electrical fields is carried out
                 numerically by employing the finite difference
                 method.",
  bibdate =      "Fri Jun 30 09:09:33 2006",
}

@Book{RSM:Sac2004,
  author =       "F.B. Sachse",
  title =        "Computational Cardiology: {M}odeling of anatomy,
                 electrophysiology, and mechanics",
  publisher =    "Springer",
  year =         "2004",
  robnote =      "Frank's book",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 15 17:24:20 2005",
}

@Article{RSM:Sac81,
  author =       "F. Sachs and P. Specht",
  title =        "Fast Microelectric Headstage for Voltage Clamp",
  journal =      "Med. \& Biol. Eng. \& Comput.",
  year =         "1981",
  volume =       "1",
  pages =        "316--320",
  robnote =      "An electronics article for voltage clamp amplifier.,
                 CellPhysiol027",
}

@Article{RSM:Sac82,
  author =       "F. Sachs and J. Neil and N. Barkakati",
  title =        "The Automated Analysis of Data from Single Ionic
                 Channels",
  journal =      j-PAP,
  year =         "1982",
  volume =       "39",
  pages =        "331--340",
  robnote =      ", CellPhysiol015",
}

@InCollection{RSM:Sac85,
  author =       "F. Sachs",
  title =        "Microelectrode Shielding",
  booktitle =    "Voltage and Patch Clamping with Microelectrodes",
  editor =       "T.G. Smith and H. Lecar and S.J. Redman and P.W.
                 Gage",
  publisher =    "American Physiological Society",
  address =      "Bethesda, Maryland",
  year =         "1985",
  pages =        "25--46",
  robnote =      "This one deals with the microelectrode shielding in
                 all differnet shapes and sizes. voltage clamp, patch
                 clamp. Not copied yet., Electronics027",
}

@Article{RSM:Sac97,
  author =       "F.B. Sachse and C. Werner and K. Meyer-Waarden and O.
                 D{\"o}ssel",
  title =        "Comparison of Solution to the forward problem in
                 electrophysiology with homogeneous, heterogeneous and
                 anisotropic impedance models.",
  journal =      j-BMT,
  year =         "1997",
  volume =       "42",
  number =       "Suppl",
  pages =        "277--280",
  robnote =      "A paper from the Graz conference that compares models
                 from the Visible Human with anisotropic muscle
                 conductivity and using the finite difference method.
                 They find that the differences are larger when
                 comparing against homogeneous that between isotropic
                 and anisotropic, but the comparisons were very global
                 and did not really analyze regions differences.
                 anisotropy, Doessel, Karlsruhe.",
}

@Article{RSM:Sad2009,
  author =       "M.R. Sadean and P.S. Glass",
  title =        "Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling in anesthesia,
                 intensive care and pain medicine.",
  journal =      "Curr Opin Anaesthesiol",
  year =         "2009",
  month =        "Aug",
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "463--468",
  robnote =      "Studies from the anesthesiology
                 literature published in the last 2 years were selected to
                 illustrate the most important developments in the field of
                 pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling.  Progress was made
                 by improving population pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic
                 models, developing new indexes to measure drug effect and
                 using them in an adaptive delivery system to the
                 individual patient.",
  bibdate =      "Fri Aug 14 14:51:09 2009",
}

@Article{RSM:Saf00,
  author =       "Yu. D. Safononv and V.M. Provotorov and V.M. Lube and
                 L.I. Yakimenkov",
  title =        "Method of Recording the Magnetic Field of the Heart
                 (Magnetocardiography)",
  journal =      "??",
  year =         "??",
  volume =       "??",
  pages =        "??",
  robnote =      "A=part of a Russian paper I guess on MCG methods,
                 ECG035",
}

@Article{RSM:Sag91,
  author =       "C. Sagan",
  title =        "Science--who cares?",
  journal =      "Parade Magazine",
  year =         "1991",
  pages =        "10--15",
  month =        jun,
  robnote =      "More discouraging material about how little school
                 kids care about science. education",
}

@Article{RSM:Sai90,
  author =       "T. Saito and M. Misaki and K. Shirato and T.
                 Takishima",
  title =        "Three-dimensional quantitative coronary angiography",
  journal =      j-BME,
  year =         "1990",
  volume =       "37",
  month =        aug,
  pages =        "768--777",
  robnote =      "PTCA",
}

@Article{RSM:Sak2002,
  author =       "K. Sakai and T. Yamagata and H. Teragawa and H.
                 Matsuura and K. Chayama",
  title =        "Preconditioning effect during coronary angioplasty in
                 patients with stable angina pectoris",
  journal =      "Intern. med.",
  year =         "2002",
  volume =       "41",
  pages =        "509--515",
}

@Article{RSM:Sal76,
  author =       "G. Salama and M. Morad",
  title =        "Merocyanine 540 as an Optical Probe of Transmembrane
                 Electrical Activity in the Heart",
  journal =      "Science",
  year =         "1976",
  volume =       "19",
  pages =        "485--487",
  robnote =      ", CellPhysiol010",
}

@InProceedings{RSM:Sal89,
  author =       "G. Salama and D.S. Rosenbaum and A. Kanai and R.J.
                 Cohen and D.T. Kaplan",
  title =        "Data analysis techniques for measuring spatial
                 inhomogeneity in repolarization using optical
                 transmembrane potentials",
  booktitle =    c-EMBS89,
  publisher =    "IEEE Press",
  address =      "",
  year =         "1989",
  pages =        "222--223",
  robnote =      "Cardiac Cell, voltage sensitive dyes",
}

@Article{RSM:Sal95,
  author =       "A. Salusti and Arnese M. and Boersima E. et al.",
  title =        "Correlation of coronary stenosis by quantitative
                 coronary arteriography with exercise echocardiography",
  journal =      j-AJC,
  year =         "1995",
  volume =       "75",
  pages =        "287--290",
}

@Article{RSM:Sam2005,
  author =       "K.J. Sampson and C.S. Henriquez",
  title =        "Electrotonic influences on action potential duration
                 dispersion in small hearts: a simulation study.",
  journal =      j-AJP,
  year =         "2005",
  month =        jul,
  volume =       "289",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "H350--H360",
  robnote =      "This study uses computer simulation to investigate how
                 heart size, tissue properties, and the spatial
                 assignment of cell types affect functional APD
                 dispersion. Simulations were carried out using the
                 murine ventricular myocyte model of Pandit et al. or
                 the Luo-Rudy mammalian model in three-dimensional
                 models of mouse and rabbit ventricular geometries.
                 Results show that the spatial extent of the APD
                 dispersion is related to the dynamic changes in
                 transmembrane resistance during recovery. Also, because
                 of the small dimensions of the mouse heart,
                 electrotonic effects on APD primarily determine the
                 functional dispersion of refractoriness, even in the
                 presence of large intrinsic cellular heterogeneity and
                 reduced coupling. APD dispersion, however, is found to
                 increase significantly when the heart size increases to
                 the size of a rabbit heart, unmasking intrinsic cell
                 types.",
  bibdate =      "Mon Nov 20 07:50:07 2006",
}

@Article{RSM:Sam60,
  author =       "W.E. Samson and A.M. Scher",
  title =        "Mechanism of {ST}-Segment Alteration During Acute
                 Myocardial Injury",
  journal =      j-CR,
  year =         "1960",
  volume =       "8",
  pages =        "780--787",
  robnote =      "Interesting mainly for its place as a significant
                 paper on changes due to ischemia, at a time when much
                 less was known. No acute biphasic effects but TQ and ST
                 interval shifts explained by theory and seen with
                 DC-ECG amps and intracellular recordings. thesis,
                 Ischemia123",
}

@Article{RSM:San2003,
  author =       "P. Sanders and J.B. Morton and N.C. Davidson and S.
                 J. Spence and J.K. Vohra and P.B. Sparks and J.M.
                 Kalman",
  title =        "Electrical remodeling of the atria in congestive heart
                 failure: electrophysiological and electroanatomic
                 mapping in humans",
  journal =      j-C,
  volume =       "108",
  number =       "12",
  pages =        "1461--8",
  year =         "2003",
}

@Book{RSM:San2003a,
  Author =	 "Santner, T.  J. and Williams B. and Notz W.",
  Title =	 "The Design and Analysis of Computer Experiments",
  Year =	 2003,
  Publisher =	 pub-SV,
}

@Article{RSM:San2011,
  author = 	 "C. S\'anchez and A. Corrias and A. Bueno-Orovio and M. Davies
                  and J. Swinton and I. Jacobson and P. Laguna and E. Pueyo and
                  B. Rodríguez. ",
  title = 	 "The Na+/K+ pump is an important modulator of refractoriness
                  and rotor dynamics in human atrial tissue, ",
  journal = 	 "Am. J Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol.",
  year = 	 2011,
  volume = 	 302,
  pages = 	 "H1146--H1159",
  Robnote = 	 "Leducq"
}

@Article{RSM:San2017,
  author = 	 "C. Sanchez and A. Bueno-Orovio and E. Pueyo and B. Rodriguez",
  title = 	 "Atrial Fibrillation Dynamics and Ionic Block Effects in Six
                  Heterogeneous Human {3D} Virtual Atria with Distinct
                  Repolarization Dynamics.",
  journal = 	 "Front Bioeng Biotechnol.",
  year = 	 2017,
  volume = 	 8,
  number = 	 5,
  pages = 	 29,
  Robnote = 	 "Leducq"
}

@Article{RSM:San87,
  author =       "T.A. Sanborn and C.C. Haudenschild and G.R. Garber and
                 T.J. Ryan and D.P. Faxon",
  title =        "Angiographic and Histologic Consequences of Laser
                 thermal Angioplasty: {C}omparison with balloon
                 angioplasty",
  journal =      j-C,
  year =         "1987",
  volume =       "7",
  pages =        "1281--1286",
  robnote =      "A comparison of 'standard' and laser-assisted
                 angioplasty results performed on rabbits. The data on
                 restenosis make the laser technique look superior since
                 cleaner lumen left after laser method. This group
                 (Sanborn and Co.) appears to be quite active in the
                 area, along with Crea et al, the name I saw most often
                 in the literature., Ischemia042",
}

@Article{RSM:Sar2009,
  author =       "F. Saremi and M. Tafti",
  title =        "The role of computed tomography and magnetic resonance
                 imaging in ablation procedures for treatment of atrial
                 fibrillation.",
  journal =      "Semin Ultrasound CT MR",
  year =         "2009",
  month =        apr,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "125--156",
  robnote =      "Cardiac ablation procedures have become the standard
                 of therapy for various arrhythmias including atrial
                 fibrillation. Understanding the morphological
                 characteristics of the left atrium (LA) and pulmonary
                 veins (PV) in detail and identification of its anatomic
                 variants is crucial to perform a successful ablation
                 procedure and minimize complications. The current
                 techniques for radiofrequency ablation of atrial
                 fibrillation include targeting the PVs or the tissue in
                 the antrum of the LA. Localization of the anatomic
                 structures within the LA is performed by using
                 fluoroscopy, electroanatomic mapping, and intracardiac
                 echocardiography. Multidimentional computed tomography
                 and magnetic resonance angiography are invaluable
                 techniques for better visualization of the anatomic
                 landmarks that are essential for cardiac ablation
                 procedures as well as prompt diagnosis and, in selected
                 cases, prevention of procedure-related complications.
                 Some of the complications of ablation procedures may
                 include cardiac tamponade, PV stenosis, as well as
                 esophageal and phrenic nerve injuries.",
  bibdate =      "Sun Dec 6 20:47:12 2009",
}

@Article{RSM:Sas89,
  author =       "B.I. Sasyniuk and M. Valois and W. Toy",
  title =        "Recent advances in understanding the mechanisms of
                 drug-induced torsades de pointes arrhythmias.",
  journal =      j-AJC,
  year =         "1989",
  volume =       "64",
  number =       "20",
  pages =        "29J-32J",
  robnote =      "review type article of the mechanisms that might
                 explain the TdP or aquired LQTS that arises from some
                 Class I and Class III antiarrhythmics. No hard copy",
}

@Article{RSM:Sau2003,
  author =       "H.M. Sauro and M. Hucka and A. Finney and C. Wellock
                 and H. Bolouri and J. Doyle and H. Kitano",
  title =        "Next generation simulation tools: the Systems Biology
                 Workbench and {BioSPICE} integration",
  journal =      "OMICS",
  year =         "2003",
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "355--372",
  robnote =      "system biology, SBML",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 15 17:08:26 2005",
}

@Article{RSM:Sau78,
  author =       "KW. Saupe and CA. Smith and KS. Henderson and JA.
                 Dempsey",
  title =        "Respiratory and cardiovascular responses to increased
                 and decreased carotid sinus pressure in sleeping dogs",
  journal =      "Journal of Applied Physiology",
  year =         "1995",
  month =        may,
  volume =       "78",
  number =       "5",
  pages =        "1688--1698",
}

@Article{RSM:Sav77,
  author =       "R.M. Savage and G.S. Wagner and R.E. Ideker and S.A.
                 Podolsky and D.B. Hackel",
  title =        "Correlation of Postmortem Anatomic Findings with
                 Electrocardiographic Changes in Patients with
                 Myocardial Infarction",
  journal =      j-C,
  year =         "1977",
  volume =       "5",
  pages =        "279--285",
  robnote =      "Retrospective Study of Patients with Typical Anterior
                 and posterior Infarcts. This paper reports on an
                 evaluation of myocardial damage in infarct victims and
                 compares this with ECG's recorded before death. Some
                 conclusions about extent and location of infarct but
                 little hard info on correlation of infarct and ECG. MI.
                 thesis, Ischemia014",
}

@InProceedings{RSM:Sav86,
  author =       "P. Savard and G. Bonneau and G. Tremblay and R.A.
                 Leblanc and R. Cardinal and P. Pag\'{e} and R.A.
                 Nadeau",
  title =        "Interactive Cardiac Mapping System for Antiarrhythmia
                 Surgery",
  booktitle =    "IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society 8th
                 Annual International Conference",
  publisher =    "IEEE Press",
  address =      "",
  year =         "1986",
  pages =        "1286--1288",
  robnote =      "Fort Worth presentation about their mapping system,
                 EDI, which is described better elsewhere in IEEE Trans.
                 Workshop participant, Montreal group. thesis, BSPM027",
}

@Article{RSM:Sav87,
  author =       "P. Savard and G. Faugere and R.A. Nadeau and D. Derome
                 and M. Shenasa and P.L. Pag\'{e} and R. Guardo",
  title =        "The Spatial Distribution of Late Ventricular
                 Potentials",
  journal =      j-JE,
  year =         "1987",
  volume =       "Suppl",
  month =        oct,
  pages =        "114--118",
  robnote =      "A look at late potentials using bspm, in VT patients.,
                 BSPM046",
}

@Article{RSM:Sax85,
  author =       "B.E. Saxberg and M.P. Grumbach and R.J. Cohen",
  title =        "A time dependent anatomically detailed model of
                 cardiac conduction.",
  journal =      "Comput Cardiol",
  year =         "1985",
  volume =       "12",
  pages =        "401--404",
  robnote =      "In order to understand the determinants of transitions
                 in cardiac electrical activity from normal patterns to
                 dysrhythmias such as ventricular fibrillation, we are
                 constructing an anatomically and physiologically
                 detailed finite element simulation of myocardial
                 electrical propagation. A healthy human heart embedded
                 in paraffin was sectioned to provide a detailed
                 anatomical substrate for model calculations. The
                 simulation of propagation includes anisotropy in
                 conduction velocity due to fiber orientation as well as
                 gradients in conduction velocities, absolute and
                 relative refractory periods, action potential duration
                 and electrotonic influence of nearest neighbors. The
                 model also includes changes in the behaviour of
                 myocardial tissue as a function of the past local
                 activity. With this model, we can examine the
                 significance of fiber orientation and time dependence
                 of local propagation parameters on dysrhythmogenesis.",
  bibdate =      "Mon Jan 8 18:38:42 2007",
}

@Article{RSM:Sax90,
  author =       "B.E. Saxberg and R.J. Cohen",
  title =        "Cellular automata models for reentrant arrhythmias.",
  journal =      j-JE,
  year =         "1990",
  volume =       "23 Suppl",
  pages =        "95",
  robnote =      "",
  bibdate =      "Mon Jan 8 18:24:04 2007",
}

@Article{RSM:Sca90,
  author =       "J.A. Scales and P. Docherty and A. Gersztenkorn",
  title =        "Regularization of Nonlinear Inverse Problems:
                 {I}maging the Near-surface Weathering Layer",
  journal =      "Inverse Prob.",
  year =         "1990",
  volume =       "6",
  pages =        "115--131",
  robnote =      "A neat article which shows the universality of solving
                 inverse problems using the methods of regularization.
                 thesis, TorsoModel056",
}

@Article{RSM:Sch00,
  author =       "Feustel Schmidt",
  title =        "Schaltungen fuer analoge Signaluebertragung",
  journal =      "Book: Optoelektronik, (Vogel Verlag)",
  year =         "unknown",
  pages =        "176--205",
  robnote =      "A few pages from a good book on optoelectronics, LEDS
                 opto- couplers., Electronics015",
}

@Article{RSM:Sch2001,
  author =       "R.F. Schulte and G.B. Sands and F.B. Sachse and O.
                 D{\"o}ssel and A.J. Pullan",
  title =        "Creation of a human heart model and its customization
                 using ultrasound images",
  journal =      j-BMT,
  year =         2001,
  volume =    46,
  number =    "(suppl)",
  pages =     "26--27",
  robnote =      "geometric model, forward solution",
  bibdate =      "Fri Jan 25 23:36:27 2002",
}

@Article{RSM:Sch2003,
  author =       "R.A. Schweikert and W.I. Saliba and G. Tomassoni and
                 N.F. Marrouche and C.R. Cole and T.J. Dresing and P.J.
                 Tchou and D. Bash and S. Beheiry and C. Lam and L.
                 Kanagaratnam and A. Natale",
  title =        "Percutaneous pericardial instrumentation for
                 endo-epicardial mapping of previously failed
                 ablations.",
  journal =      j-C,
  year =         "2003",
  month =        sep,
  volume =       "108",
  number =       "11",
  pages =        "1329--1335",
  robnote =      "afib BACKGROUND: The epicardial location of an arrhythmia
                 could be responsible for unsuccessful endocardial
                 catheter ablation. METHODS AND RESULTS: In 48 patients
                 referred after prior unsuccessful endocardial ablation,
                 we considered percutaneous, subxiphoid instrumentation
                 of the pericardial space for mapping and ablation.
                 Thirty patients had ventricular tachycardia (VT), 6
                 patients had a right- and 4 had a left-sided accessory
                 pathway (AP), 4 patients had inappropriate sinus
                 tachycardia, and 4 patients had atrial arrhythmias. Of
                 the 30 VTs, 24 (6 with ischemic cardiomyopathy, 3 with
                 idiopathic cardiomyopathy, and 15 with normal hearts)
                 appeared to originate from the epicardium. Seventeen
                 (71\%) of these 24 VTs were successfully ablated with
                 epicardial lesions. The other 7 VTs had early
                 epicardial sites that were inaccessible, predominantly
                 because of interference from the left atrial appendage.
                 Six of these were successfully ablated from the left
                 coronary cusp. In 5 of the 10 patients with an AP, the
                 earliest activation was recorded epicardially. Three of
                 these were right atrial appendage-to-right ventricle
                 APs, and epicardial ablation was successful. No
                 significant complications were observed. CONCLUSIONS:
                 Failure of endocardial ablation could reflect the
                 presence of an epicardial arrhythmia substrate.
                 Epicardial instrumentation and ablation appeared
                 feasible and safe and provided an alternative strategy
                 for the treatment of patients with a variety of
                 arrhythmias. This was particularly true for VT,
                 including patients without structural heart disease.",
  bibdate =      "Sat Aug 11 12:17:51 2007",
}

@Book{RSM:Sch2006,
  author = 	 "W. Schroeder and K. Martin and B. Lorensen",
  title = 	 "Visualization Toolkit: An Object-Oriented
		  Approach to 3D Graphics, 4th Edition",
  publisher = 	 "Kitware",
  year = 	 "2006",
  robnote = 	 "The VTK text book",
  bibdate = 	 "Sat Dec 06 22:38:18 2008"
}

@Article{RSM:Sch2007,
  author =       "A. Schmidt and C. F. Azevedo and A. Cheng and S. N.
                 Gupta and D. A. Bluemke and T. K. Foo and G.
                 Gerstenblith and R. G. Weiss and E. Marban and G. F.
                 Tomaselli and J. A. Lima and K. C. Wu",
  title =        "Infarct tissue heterogeneity by magnetic resonance
                 imaging identifies enhanced cardiac arrhythmia
                 susceptibility in patients with left ventricular
                 dysfunction",
  journal =      j-C,
  volume =       "115",
  number =       "15",
  pages =        "2006--14",
  month =        "Apr.",
  abstract =     "BACKGROUND: The extent of the peri-infarct zone by
                 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been related to
                 all-cause mortality in patients with coronary artery
                 disease. This relationship may result from
                 arrhythmogenesis in the infarct border. However, the
                 relationship between tissue heterogeneity in the
                 infarct periphery and arrhythmic substrate has not been
                 investigated. In the present study, we quantify
                 myocardial infarct heterogeneity by contrast-enhanced
                 MRI and relate it to an electrophysiological marker of
                 arrhythmic substrate in patients with left ventricular
                 (LV) systolic dysfunction undergoing prophylactic
                 implantable cardioverter defibrillator placement. Tissue
                 heterogeneity is present and quantifiable within human
                 infarcts. More extensive tissue heterogeneity
                 correlates with increased ventricular irritability by
                 programmed electrical stimulation. These findings
                 support the hypothesis that anatomic tissue
                 heterogeneity increases susceptibility to ventricular
                 arrhythmias in patients with prior myocardial
                 infarction and LV dysfunction.",
  year =         "2007",
}

@Article{RSM:Sch2008,
  author = 	 "J.P. Schmidt and S.L. Delp and M.A. Sherman
		  and C.A. Taylor and V.S. Pande and R.B. Altman",
  title = 	 "The {S}imbios National Center: Systems Biology in Motion",
  journal = 	 "Proc. IEEE",
  year = 	 "2008",
  volume =	 "96",
  number =	 "8",
  pages =	 "1266--1280",
  robnote = 	 "simbios article",
  bibdate = 	 "Sat Dec 06 22:01:05 2008"
}

@Article{RSM:Sch2009,
  author =       "E.E. Schadt and B. Zhang and J. Zhu",
  title =        "Advances in systems biology are enhancing our
                 understanding of disease and moving us closer to novel
                 disease treatments.",
  journal =      "Genetica",
  year =         "2009",
  month =        "Jun",
  volume =       "136",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "259--269",
  robnote =      "The high rate of
                 failure of drug candidates in clinical development, where
                 the great majority of these drugs fail due to lack of
                 efficacy, speak directly to the need for more innovative
                 approaches to study the mechanisms of disease and drug
                 discovery. Here we review systems biology approaches that
                 have been devised over the last several years to
                 understand the biology of disease at a more holistic
                 level. By integrating a diversity of data like DNA
                 variation, gene expression, protein-protein interaction,
                 DNA-protein binding, and other types of molecular
                 phenotype data, more comprehensive networks of genes both
                 within and between tissues can be constructed to paint a
                 more complete picture of the molecular processes
                 underlying physiological states associated with disease.
                 These more integrative, systems-level methods lead to
                 networks that are demonstrably predictive, which in turn
                 provides a deeper context within which single genes
                 operate such as those identified from genome-wide
                 association studies or those targeted for therapeutic
                 intervention. The more comprehensive views of disease that
                 result from these methods have the potential to
                 dramatically enhance the way in which novel drug targets
                 are identified and developed, ultimately increasing the
                 probability of success for taking new drugs through
                 clinical development. We highlight a number of the
                 integrative approaches via examples that have resulted not
                 only in the identification of novel genes for diabetes and
                 cardiovascular disease, but in more comprehensive networks
                 as well that describe the context in which the disease
                 genes operate.",
  bibdate =      "Tue Aug 25 23:18:17 2009",
}

@Article{RSM:Sch2009a,
  author =       "E.J. Schmidt and R.P. Mallozzi and A. Thiagalingam and G.
                 Holmvang and A. d'Avila and R. Guhde and R. Darrow and
                 G.S. Slavin and M.M. Fung and J. Dando and L. Foley and
                 C.L. Dumoulin and V.Y. Reddy",
  title =        "Electroanatomic mapping and radiofrequency ablation of
                 porcine left atria and atrioventricular nodes using
                 magnetic resonance catheter tracking.",
  journal =      "Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol",
  year =         "2009",
  month =        "Dec",
  volume =       "2",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "695--704",
  robnote =      "BACKGROUND: The MRI-compatible electrophysiology system
                 previously used for MR-guided left ventricular
                 electroanatomic mapping was enhanced with improved MR
                 tracking, an MR-compatible radiofrequency ablation system
                 and higher-resolution imaging sequences to enable mapping,
                 ablation, and ablation monitoring in smaller cardiac
                 structures. MR-tracked navigation was performed to the
                 left atrium (LA) and atrioventricular (AV) node, followed
                 by LA electroanatomic mapping and radiofrequency ablation
                 of the pulmonary veins (PVs) and AV node. METHODS AND
                 ",
  bibdate =      "Mon Jan 18 15:28:32 2010",
}

@Article{RSM:Sch2015,
  author =       "U. Schotten and S. Hatem and U. Ravens and P. Jais and
                 F.U. Muller and A. Goette and S. Rohr and G. Antoons and
                 B. Pieske and D. Scherr and A. Oto and B. Casadei and S.
                 Verheule and D. Cartlidge and K. Steinmeyer and T. Gotsche
                 and D. Dobrev and J. Kockskamper and U. Lendeckel and L.
                 Fabritz and P. Kirchhof and A.J. Camm",
  title =        "The European Network for Translational Research in Atrial
                 Fibrillation (EUTRAF): objectives and initial results.",
  journal =      "Europace",
  year =         "2015",
  month =        "Sep",
  pages =        "(in press)",
  robnote =      "Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained
                 arrhythmia in the general population. As an age-related
                 arrhythmia AF is becoming a huge socio-economic burden for
                 European healthcare systems. Despite significant progress
                 in our understanding of the pathophysiology of AF,
                 therapeutic strategies for AF have not changed
                 substantially and the major challenges in the management
                 of AF are still unmet. This lack of progress may be
                 related to the multifactorial pathogenesis of atrial
                 remodelling and AF that hampers the identification of
                 causative pathophysiological alterations in individual
                 patients. Also, again new mechanisms have been identified
                 and the relative contribution of these mechanisms still
                 has to be established. In November 2010, the European
                 Union launched the large collaborative project EUTRAF
                 (European Network of Translational Research in Atrial
                 Fibrillation) to address these challenges. The main aims
                 of EUTRAF are to study the main mechanisms of initiation
                 and perpetuation of AF, to identify the molecular
                 alterations underlying atrial remodelling, to develop
                 markers allowing to monitor this processes, and suggest
                 strategies to treat AF based on insights in newly defined
                 disease mechanisms. This article reports on the
                 objectives, the structure, and initial results of this
                 network.",
  bibdate =      "Tue Sep 22 14:40:30 2015",
}

@Article{RSM:Sch57,
  author =       "O.H. Schmitt",
  title =        "Lead Vectors and Transfer Impedance.",
  journal =      "Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci.",
  year =         "1957",
  volume =       "65",
  pages =        "1092--109",
  robnote =      "A reference from an article of Milan's on lead theory.
                 Don't have a copy but use it in thesis., ECG097",
}

@Article{RSM:Sch60,
  author =       "S.M. Scher and A.C. Young and W.M. Meredith",
  title =        "Factor analysis of the electrocardiogram. {T}est of
                 electrocardiographic theory:{N}ormal hearts",
  journal =      j-CR,
  year =         "1960",
  volume =       "8",
  pages =        "519--526",
  robnote =      "The earliest ref I have for using factor analysis in
                 ECG analysis. Uses the moment matrix instead of
                 covariance (KL) to compute eigensignals in time and
                 compares them across a group of normal subjects.",
  bibdate =      "Sun Sep 14 16:34:25 1997",
}

@Article{RSM:Sch64,
  author =       "A.M. Scher",
  title =        "The Sequence of Ventricular Excitation",
  journal =      j-AJC,
  year =         "1964",
  volume =       "14",
  pages =        "287--293",
  robnote =      "A nice basic paper describing myocardial excitation
                 and its effects on the heart and the volume and surface
                 potentials. Nice argument as to what can and cannot be
                 done with surface electrocardiograms., Prop041",
}

@InCollection{RSM:Sch69,
  author =       "O.H. Schmitt",
  title =        "Biological information processing using the concept of
                 interpenetrating domains",
  booktitle =    "Information Processing in the Nervous System",
  publisher =    "Springer Verlag",
  year =         "1969",
  editor =       "K.N. Leibovic",
  address =      "New York",
  robnote =      "first reference to the idea of bidomain. No hard copy,
                 got reference from Pullans book",
  bibdate =      "Tue Oct 24 09:41:40 2006",
}

@Article{RSM:Sch70,
  author =       "P.H. Schonemann and R.M. Carroll",
  title =        "Fitting One Matrix to Another under Choice of a
                 Central Dilation and a Rigid Motion.",
  journal =      "Psychometrika",
  year =         "1970",
  volume =       "35",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "245--255",
  scinote =      "Procrustes and Central Dilation. ROK-thesis",
}

@Book{RSM:Sch74,
  author =       "J.P. Schad{\`e}",
  title =        "Introduction to functional human anatomy",
  publisher =    "W.B. Saunders",
  year =         "1974",
  address =      "London",
  robnote =      "The anatomy book we used to construct the
                 forward/inverse solution model",
}

@Article{RSM:Sch74b,
  author =       "M. Schneider",
  title =        "Effect of inhomogeneities on surface signals coming
                 from a cerebral current-dipole source.",
  journal =      j-BME,
  year =         "1974",
  month =        jan,
  volume =       "21",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "52--4",
  robnote =      "analytical solution of the sphere problem, havenot red
                 enough yet to know whatis different about this one,
                 looks iy might be one of the original refs on this
                 topic, forward problems, BEM,",
}

@Article{RSM:Sch75,
  author =       "C.J. Schwartz and R.H. Lovell and M.F. Oliver and O.
                 Paul",
  title =        "Methodological Considerations for the Study of Sudden
                 Cardiac Death: An autopsy Protocol",
  journal =      j-C,
  year =         "1975",
  volume =       "51, 52",
  number =       "Suppl III",
  pages =        "III-78--III-95",
  robnote =      "A form for what the Task Force of the AHA thought
                 should be included on autopsies in patients with heart
                 disease., Ischemia100",
}

@Article{RSM:Sch78,
  author =       "A.M. Scher and L.V. Corbin",
  title =        "Present State of the Electrocardiographic Forward
                 Problem",
  journal =      j-AC,
  year =         "1978",
  volume =       "21",
  pages =        "2--7",
  robnote =      "A review paper, obviously an invited one, to the
                 conference which covers the state of the art at that
                 time in both torso models and also propogation models.,
                 TorsoModel048",
}

@Article{RSM:Sch85,
  author =       "W. Schreibmayer and H.A. Tritthart and G. Zernig and
                 H.M. Piper",
  title =        "Single Voltage-Dependent Outward Rectifying
                 {K}-Channels in Isolated Rat Heart Cells",
  journal =      "Eur. Biophys. J",
  year =         "1985",
  volume =       "1",
  pages =        "259--263",
  robnote =      ", CellPhysiol020",
}

@InCollection{RSM:Sch85b,
  author =       "H. Schindler and W. Schreibmayer",
  title =        "Synchronization of Electrically and Chemically
                 Excitable Ion Channels",
  booktitle =    "Molecular Basis of Nerve Activity",
  editor =       "Changeux and Hucho and Maeliche and Neumann",
  publisher =    "Walter de Gruyter \& Co,",
  address =      "Berlin",
  year =         "1985",
  pages =        "387--397",
  robnote =      ", CellPhysiol006",
}

@InCollection{RSM:Sch85c,
  author =       "W. Schreibmayer and H. Hagauer and H.A. Tritthart and
                 H. and Schindler",
  title =        "{K}-Channels in Rat Ventricular Cells Show
                 Voltage-Depedent Outward Rectification and Non-Linear
                 Voltage to Current Relation",
  booktitle =    "Molecular Basis of Nerve Activity",
  editor =       "Changeux and Hucho and Maeliche and Neumann",
  publisher =    "Walter de Gruyter \& Co,",
  address =      "Berlin",
  year =         "1985",
  pages =        "146--152",
  robnote =      ", CellPhysiol019",
}

@Article{RSM:Sch85d,
  author =       "P.J. Schwartz",
  title =        "Idiopathic long {QT} syndrome",
  journal =      j-AHJ,
  year =         "1985",
  volume =       "109",
  pages =        "399--411",
  robnote =      "Have not read this, but is seems to be a well known
                 reference to long QT syndrome",
}

@InCollection{RSM:Sch87,
  author =       "L.L. Schumaker",
  title =        "Triangularization Methods",
  booktitle =    "Topics in Multivariate Analysis",
  editor =       "",
  publisher =    "Academic Press",
  address =      "",
  year =         "1987",
  pages =        "219--232",
  robnote =      "A good review chapter on triangularization methods.
                 Another one that Phil sent me. thesis, NumMath031, mesh
                 generation",
}

@Article{RSM:Sch88,
  author =       "L. Schwartz",
  title =        "Focus on {PTCA}",
  journal =      "Cardiology",
  year =         "1988",
  month =        jun,
  pages =        "23--46",
  robnote =      "Thesis, an easy review of the PTCA procedure, its
                 history and just how it works., PTCA006",
}

@InCollection{RSM:Sch89,
  author =       "M. Scherg and R. Hari and M. Mamalainen",
  title =        "Frequency-specific sources of the auditory
                 {N19}-{P30}-{P50} response detected by a multiple
                 source analysis of evoked magnetic fields and
                 potentials",
  booktitle =    "Advances in {B}iomagnetism",
  publisher =    "Plenum Press",
  year =         "1989",
  editor =       "S.J. Williamson and M. Hoke and G. Stroink and M.
                 Kotani",
  pages =        "97--100",
  robnote =      "One of a set of articles I got from Michael Scherg
                 about his scheme to localize dipoles from EEG signals.
                 inverse solutions.",
}

@Article{RSM:Sch90,
  author =       "M. Scherg and D. von Cramon",
  title =        "Dipole source potentials of the auditory cortex in
                 normal subjects and in patients with temporal lobe
                 lesions",
  journal =      "Adv Audiol",
  year =         "1990",
  volume =       "6",
  pages =        "165--193",
  robnote =      "One of a set of articles I got from Michael Scherg
                 about his scheme to localize dipoles from EEG signals.
                 inverse solutions.",
}

@InCollection{RSM:Sch90b,
  author =       "M. Scherg",
  title =        "Fundamentals of dipole source potential analysis",
  booktitle =    "Auditory evoked magnetic fields and electric
                 potentials",
  publisher =    "Karger",
  year =         "1990",
  editor =       "F. Grandori and M. Hoke and G.L. Romani",
  volume =       "6: Advances in audiology",
  pages =        "40--69",
  address =      "Basel, Switzerland",
  ISBN =         "3-8055-5001-4",
  robnote =      "One of a set of articles I got from Michael Scherg
                 about his scheme to localize dipoles from EEG signals.
                 inverse solutions.",
}

@InCollection{RSM:Sch94,
  author =       "J.A. Schmidt and C.R. Johnson and J.A. Eason and R.S.
                 MacLeod",
  title =        "Applications of Automatic Mesh Generation and Adaptive
                 Methods in Computational Medicine",
  booktitle =    "Modeling, Mesh Generation, and Adaptive Methods for
                 Partial Differential Equations",
  publisher =    "Springer Verlag",
  year =         "1994",
  editor =       "J. Flaherty and I. Babuska",
  pages =        "367--394",
  robnote =      "A chapter we did with John on his mesh generating
                 program for finite element methods. Graphics by Jamie
                 Eason",
}

@Article{RSM:Sch95,
  author =       "B.J.A. Schijvenaars and J.A. Kors and G. van Herpen
                 and F. Kornreich and J.H. van Bemmel",
  title =        "Interpolation of body surface potential maps",
  journal =      j-JE,
  year =         "1995",
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "Suppl",
  pages =        "104--109",
  robnote =      "Interpolation of body surface maps from Fred's
                 database, using all the standard methods, but not
                 Laplacian",
}

@InProceedings{RSM:Sch95a,
  author =       "J.A. Schmidt and C.R. Johnson and R.S. MacLeod",
  title =        "An interactive computer model for defibrillation
                 device design.",
  editor =       "T. Oostendorp and G. Oiju",
  pages =        "160--161",
  editors =      "A. van Oosterom and T.J. Oostendorp and G.J.H. Uijen",
  booktitle =    "Building Bridges: International Congress on
                 Electrocardiology International Meeting",
  year =         "1995",
}

@Book{RSM:Sch96,
  author =       "W. Schroeder and K. Martin and W. Lorensen",
  title =        "The visualization toolkit: {A}n object-oriented
                 approach to 3{D} graphics",
  publisher =    pub-PH,
  year =         "1996",
}

@Article{RSM:Sch96b,
  author =       "E. Schulze-Bahr and W. Haverkamp and G. Breithardt and
                 H. Funke and H. Wiebusch and G. Assmann",
  title =        "{ECG} repolarization patterns in chromosome 7-linked
                 {QT} syndrome ({LQTS} 2)",
  journal =      j-C,
  year =         "1996",
  volume =       "94",
  number =       "9",
  pages =        "2318--9",
  robnote =      "A letter, LQTS, No hard copy.",
}

@Article{RSM:Sch96c,
  author =       "P.H. Schimpf and D.R. Haynor and Y. Kim",
  title =        "Object-free adaptive meshing in highly heterogeneous
                 3-{D} domains.",
  journal =      "Int J Biomed Comput",
  year =         "1996",
  month =        jan,
  volume =       "40",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "209--225",
  robnote =      "Traditional approaches to the generation of finite
                 element meshes are well suited for modeling the
                 homogeneous or mildly heterogeneous domains presented
                 by man-made objects, but are difficult to apply to the
                 complex 3-D domains encountered in some biomedical
                 applications. In this paper, we describe an adaptive
                 algorithm that automates the modeling of these domains.
                 The method differs from traditional approaches in that
                 no explicit description is required of the boundaries
                 between objects with dissimilar material properties.
                 The algorithm uses images of the tissue class to build
                 irregular meshes, and continuity is enforced by
                 constraining the solution at irregular nodes. Local
                 estimates of the error in the flux solution are used to
                 refine the mesh. For an analytic problem with a rapid
                 change along a spherical boundary, the adaptive method
                 converges to a 1\% voltage error using 25\% of the
                 degrees of freedom required by a uniform refinement,
                 and to a 5\% voltage gradient error using 11\% of the
                 degrees of freedom. For a defibrillation model in a pig
                 thorax, the voltage gradient solution in the ventricles
                 of the heart converges to within 5\% of a uniform mesh
                 solution using less than 8\% of the memory and
                 processing resources required by a uniform mesh, which
                 has been the only practical alternative for
                 subject-specific modeling.",
  bibdate =      "Wed May 2 13:28:11 2001",
}

@Article{RSM:Sch97,
  author =       "P. Schmid and P. Niederer and P.P. Lunkenheimer and F.
                 Torrent-Guasp",
  title =        "The anisotropic structure of the human left and right
                 ventricles.",
  journal =      "Technology and Health Care",
  year =         "1997",
  volume =       "5",
  pages =        "29--43",
  annote =       "Gross fiber direction. rok thesis",
}

@Article{RSM:Sch97b,
  author =       "P.H. Schimpf and Y. Wang and D.R. Haynor and Y. Kim",
  title =        "Sensitivity of transvenous defibrillation models to
                 adaptive mesh density and resolution: the potential for
                 interactive solution times.",
  journal =      "Int J Med Inf",
  year =         "1997",
  month =        jul,
  volume =       "45",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "193--207",
  robnote =      "The voltage gradients induced in ventricular
                 myocardium by an electric shock have been shown to
                 correlate to the probability of the shock producing a
                 successful defibrillation. Finite element modeling is
                 one method for computing these voltage gradients,
                 although the meshing of complex biomedical domains is
                 difficult on a patient-specific basis. We recently
                 described an adaptive algorithm that automates the
                 generation of finite element meshes for complex 3-D
                 domains from bitmapped images. This article examines
                 the sensitivity of the computed distribution of
                 ventricular voltage gradients to the resolution of the
                 images and to the adapted density of the mesh. The
                 results allow us to establish an adaptation stopping
                 criterion and a minimum input image resolution for
                 modeling transvenous defibrillation. The sensitivity to
                 adapted mesh density was analyzed by comparing voltage
                 gradient histograms from successively finer meshes to
                 histograms from a uniform mesh at the maximum possible
                 density. Comparisons were made using the
                 Kolmogorov-Smirnov test with the number of samples
                 required to detect a 5\% difference in the histograms
                 at the 0.05 significance level. Adaptation to a global
                 current density error estimate of 5\% or less was
                 required in order to achieve acceptance of the null
                 hypothesis that the distributions were the same in all
                 cases. Defibrillation efficacy, however, is predicted
                 from the voltage gradient in the first quartile, and
                 the results suggest that this region of the cumulative
                 histogram converges faster during mesh adaptation than
                 the histogram as a whole. We also compared histograms
                 from models generated from successively finer input
                 images. The histogram of each model was compared with
                 the histogram obtained from the finest possible
                 resolution. In all cases, the null hypothesis of no
                 difference was accepted at resolutions of 2.3 x 2.3 x
                 3.0 mm. The average time required to build and adapt
                 models to a 5\% accuracy at the first quartile at this
                 resolution was 1.8 min. on a common workstation. We
                 believe that this demonstrates a potential for the
                 eventual synthesis of finite element computations into
                 interactive electrode placement tools on a
                 subject-specific basis.",
  bibdate =      "Wed May 2 13:28:11 2001",
}

@Article{RSM:Sch98,
  author =       "P.J. Schwartz and M. Stramba-Badiale and A. Segantini
                 and P. Austoni and G. Bosi and R. Giorgetti and F.
                 Grancini and E.D. Marni and F. Perticone and D. Rosti
                 and P. Salice",
  title =        "Prolongation of the {QT} interval and the sudden
                 infant death syndrome",
  journal =      "N Engl J Med",
  year =         "1998",
  volume =       "338",
  number =       "24",
  pages =        "1709--14",
  robnote =      "Prolongation of the QT interval in the first week of
                 life is strongly associated with SIDS. LQTS",
}

@Article{RSM:Sch98b,
  author =       "R.J. Schilling and N.S. Peters and D.W. Davies",
  title =        "Simultaneous endocardial mapping in the human left
                 ventricle using a noncontact catheter: comparison of
                 contact and reconstructed electrograms during sinus
                 rhythm.",
  journal =      j-C,
  year =         "1998",
  volume =       "9",
  pages =        "887--898",
  robnote =      "endocardial mapping, olive, activation mapping,
                 endocardical solutions",
  bibdate =      "Wed Jan 13 13:42:05 1999",
}

@Article{RSM:Sch98c,
  author =       "M.J. Schalij and F.P. van Rugge and M. Siezenga and
                 E.T. van der Velde",
  title =        "Endocardial Activation Mapping Ventricular Tachycardia
                 in Patients: {F}irst application of a 32-Site Bipolar
                 mapping Electrode Catheter",
  journal =      j-C,
  year =         "1998",
  volume =       "98",
  pages =        "2168--2179",
  month =        "Nov.",
  robnote =      "endocardial mapping, basket shaped mapping catheter",
}

@Article{RSM:Sci87,
  author =       "R.J. Sciamanda",
  title =        "Another Approach to Data Compression",
  journal =      j-BYTE,
  year =         "1987",
  month =        feb,
  pages =        "137--142",
  robnote =      "Use these BASIC programs to explore the Nyquist
                 sampling theorum. Data compression techniques.,
                 NumMath015",
}

@Article{RSM:Sco98,
  author =       "D.F. Scollan and A. Holmes and R. Winslow and J.
                 Forder",
  title =        "Histological validation of myocardial microstructure
                 obtained from diffusion tensor magnetic resonance
                 imaging",
  journal =      j-AJP,
  year =         "1998",
  volume =       "275",
  pages =        "H2308--H2318",
  robnote =      "Diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a
                 possible new means of elucidating the anatomic
                 structure of the myocardium. It enjoys several
                 advantages over traditional histological approaches,
                 including the ability to rapidly measure fiber
                 organization in isolated, perfused, arrested hearts,
                 thereby avoiding fixation and sectioning of artifacts.
                 However, quantitative validation of this MRI method has
                 been lacking. Here, fiber orientations estimated in the
                 same locations in the same heart using both diffusion
                 tensor MRI and histology are compared in a total of two
                 perfused rabbit hearts. Fiber orientations were
                 statistically similar for both methods and differed on
                 average by 12 degrees at any single location. This is
                 similar to the 10 degrees uncertainty in fiber
                 orientation achieved with histology. In addition,
                 imaging studies performed in a total of seven hearts
                 support a level of organization beyond the myofiber,
                 the recently described laminar organization of the
                 ventricular myocardium. Important paper for using
                 diffusion tensor imaging to image cardiac structure",
  bibdate =      "Sun Nov 19 13:36:14 2000",
}

@Article{RSM:Sed78,
  author =       "R. Sedgewick",
  title =        "Implementing quicksort programs",
  journal =      j-ACM-COM,
  year =         "1978",
  volume =       "21",
  number =       "10",
  pages =        "847--856",
  robnote =      "The title says it all. A paper from Nelson's course.",
}

@Article{RSM:Sef99,
  author =       "P. Seferovic and A.D. Ristic and R. Maksimovic and P.
                 Petrovic and M. Ostaji and S. Simeunovic and D.
                 Zamablar and D. Simeunovic and D.H. Spodick",
  title =        "Initial clinical experience with Per{DUCER} device:
                 Promising new tool in the diagnosis and treatment of
                 pericardial disease.",
  journal =      j-CC,
  year =         "1999",
  volume =       "22",
  pages =        "130--135",
  robnote =      "",
  bibdate =      "Wed Jan 13 13:42:05 1999",
}

@Article{RSM:Seg2010,
  author =       "N.M. Segerson and M. Daccarett and T.J. Badger and A.
                 Shabaan and N. Akoum and E.N. Fish and S. Rao and N.S.
                 Burgon and Y. Adjei-Poku and E. Kholmovski and S.
                 Vijayakumar and E.V. DiBella and R.S. MacLeod and N.F.
                 Marrouche",
  title =        "Magnetic resonance imaging-confirmed ablative debulking
                 of the left atrial posterior wall and septum for treatment
                 of persistent atrial fibrillation: rationale and initial
                 experience.",
  journal =      j-JCE,
  year =         "2010",
  month =        "Feb",
  volume =       "21",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "126--132",
  robnote =      "afib INTRODUCTION: Though pulmonary vein (PV) isolation has
                 been widely adopted for treatment of atrial fibrillation
                 (AF), recurrence rates remain unacceptably high with
                 persistent and longstanding AF. As evidence emerges for
                 non-PV substrate changes in the pathogenesis of AF, more
                 extensive ablation strategies need further study. METHODS:
                 We modified our PV antrum isolation procedure to include
                 abatement of posterior and septal wall potentials. We also
                 employed recently described image-processing techniques
                 using delayed-enhancement (DE) MRI to characterize tissue
                 injury patterns 3 months after ablation, to assess whether
                 each PV was encircled with scar, and to assess the impact
                 of these parameters on procedural success. RESULTS: 118
                 consecutive patients underwent debulking procedure and
                 completed follow-up, of which 86 underwent DE-MRI. The
                 total left atrial (LA) radiofrequency delivery correlated
                 with percent LA scarring by DE-MRI (r = 0.6, P < 0.001).
                 Based on DE patterns, complete encirclement was seen in
                 only 131 of 335 PVs (39.1\%). As expected, Cox regression
                 analysis showed a significant relationship between the
                 number of veins encircled by delayed enhancement and
                 clinical success (hazard ratio of 0.62, P = 0.015). Also,
                 progressive quartile increases in postablation posterior
                 and septal wall scarring reduced recurrences rates with a
                 HR of 0.65, P = 0.022 and 0.66, P = 0.026, respectively.
                 CONCLUSION: Pathologic remodeling in the septal and
                 posterior walls of the LA helps form the pathogenic
                 substrate for AF, and these early results suggest that
                 more aggressive treatment of these regions appears to
                 correlate with improved ablation outcomes. Noninvasive
                 imaging to characterize tissue changes after ablation may
                 prove essential to stratifying recurrence risk.",
  bibdate =      "Sun May 30 22:10:41 2010",
}

@article{RSM:Sei81,
  author  = "S. Seigneur and T.W. Teche and R.M. Roth and L.E. Reid",
  title   = "Sensitivity of Complex Urban Air Quality Model to Input Data",
  journal = "J. of App. Meteorol.",
  volume  = "20",
  issue   = "9",
  month = "Sep.",
  pages   = "157--177",
  year    = "1981"
}

@Article{RSM:Sek2000,
  author =       "K. Sekihara and S.S. Nagarajan and D. Poeppel and S.
                 Miyauchi and N. Fujimaka and H. Koizumi and Y.
                 Miyashita",
  title =        "Estimating neural sources from each time-frequency
                 component of magnetoencephalographic data",
  journal =      j-BME,
  year =         "2000",
  OPTvolume =    "47",
  OPTnumber =    "5",
  OPTpages =     "642--653",
  OPTmonth =     "",
  OPTnote =      "",
  robnote =      "paper with Sri on source localization, inverse brain
                 problem",
  bibdate =      "Wed Nov 29 10:05:14 2000",
}

@Article{RSM:Sel2004,
  author =       "J. B. Selvanayagam and S. E. Petersen and J. M.
                 Francis and M. D. Robson and A. Kardos and S. Neubauer
                 and D. P. Taggart",
  title =        "Effects of off-pump versus on-pump coronary surgery on
                 reversible and irreversible myocardial injury: a
                 randomized trial using cardiovascular magnetic
                 resonance imaging and biochemical markers",
  journal =      j-C,
  volume =       "109",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "345--50",
  year =         "2004",
}

@Article{RSM:Sel2004a,
  author =       "J. B. Selvanayagam and A. Kardos and J. M. Francis and
                 F. Wiesmann and S. E. Petersen and D. P. Taggart and S.
                 Neubauer",
  title =        "Value of delayed-enhancement cardiovascular magnetic
                 resonance imaging in predicting myocardial viability
                 after surgical revascularization",
  journal =      j-C,
  volume =       "110",
  number =       "12",
  pages =        "1535--41",
  year =         "2004",
}

@Article{RSM:Sel68,
  author =       "R.H. Selvester and J.C. Solomon and T.L. Gillespie",
  title =        "Digital Computer Model of a Total Body
                 Electrocardiographic Surface Map (An Adult Male-Torso
                 Simulation with Lungs)",
  journal =      j-C,
  year =         "1968",
  volume =       "38",
  pages =        "684--690",
  robnote =      "An neat old paper with great illustrations of maps on
                 a very muscular torso. It is an early forward
                 simuilation though., Prop050",
}

@InCollection{RSM:Sel79,
  author =       "R.H. Selvester and J. Solomon and D. Sapoznikov",
  title =        "Computer Simulation of the Electrocardiogram",
  booktitle =    "Computer Techniques in Cardiology",
  editor =       "Jr. {Cardy, L.D.}",
  publisher =    "Marcel Dekker Inc.",
  address =      "New York/Basel",
  year =         "1979",
  pages =        "417--453",
  robnote =      ", Prop052",
}

@InProceedings{RSM:Sel87b,
  author =       "R.M.S. Selvester and J.C. Solomon and G.D. Tolan",
  title =        "A Fine Grid Forward Simulation of the Total Body
                 Surface Electrocardiogram -- Its Role in the
                 Development of Quantitative Diagnostic Ctriteria",
  booktitle =    "IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society 9th
                 Annual International Conference",
  publisher =    "IEEE Press",
  address =      "",
  year =         "1987",
  pages =        "507--508",
  robnote =      "One of the few papers from Selvester about his
                 propagation model and how he uses it to diagnose
                 electrocardiographic problems., Prop036",
}

@Article{RSM:Sel88,
  author =       "R.H. Selvester and N.B. Wagner and G.S. Wagner",
  title =        "False-positive Posterior Myocardial Infarct Criteria
                 During Left Anterior Descending Coronary Angioplasty",
  journal =      j-JE,
  year =         "1988",
  vol =          "Suppl",
  pages =        "105--111",
  robnote =      "More from Selvester on the effect of PTCA on the
                 electrical system and how it might influence how we
                 look at infarct criteria. thesis, PTCA014",
}

@Article{RSM:Sel88b,
  author =       "R.H. Selvester and N.B. Wagner and G.S. Wagner",
  title =        "Ventricular Excitation During Percutaneous
                 Transluminal Angioplasty of the Left Anterior
                 Descending Coronary Artery",
  journal =      j-AJC,
  year =         "1988",
  volume =       "62",
  pages =        "1116--1121",
  robnote =      "Selvester's idea on how ventricular excitation is
                 changed due to PTCA. thesis, PTCA016",
}

@Article{RSM:Sel88c,
  author =       "D. Seldner and T. Westermann",
  title =        "Algorithms for Interpolation and Localization in
                 Irregular 2{D} Meshes",
  journal =      "J. Comput. Phys.",
  year =         "1988",
  volume =       "79",
  pages =        "1--11",
  robnote =      "Sort of a neat article I stumbled across and should
                 check out someday; more on interpolation, this time in
                 2D but over irregular grids. The application is
                 different but the problem very similar to our stuff.,
                 NumMath023",
}

@Article{RSM:Sel89,
  author =       "H.P. Selker",
  title =        "Coronary care unit triage decision aids: {H}ow do we
                 know when they work?",
  journal =      j-AJM,
  year =         "1989",
  volume =       "87",
  pages =        "491--493",
  robnote =      "Contains estimates of the number of patients seen at
                 ERs with chest pain (5 million per year), the number
                 with MI that get sent home (5\%) and the number who are
                 admitted who do not have MI (25\%), and the cost to the
                 system of the latter error (\$4 billion). ischemia,
                 infarct, diagnosis, detection. myocardial infarction.",
}

@Article{RSM:Sel91,
  author =       "S.V. Seligson",
  title =        "Eyes on the blink",
  journal =      "American Health",
  year =         "1991",
  pages =        "81--86",
  month =        mar,
  robnote =      "very user friendly article about optometry and the
                 degeneration of vision with age",
}

@Article{RSM:Sen2008,
  author =       "G. Sengul and M. Liehr and J. Haueisen and U. Baysal",
  title =        "An experimental study on the effect of the anisotropic
                 regions in a realistically shaped torso phantom.",
  journal =      j-ABE,
  year =         "2008",
  month =        "Nov",
  volume =       "36",
  number =       "11",
  pages =        "1836--1843",
  robnote =      "The aim of this study was to investigate
                 changes in the measured signal strengths and the estimated
                 positions and orientations of current dipoles in a
                 realistically shaped torso phantom having a heart region
                 built from single guar gum skeins. Electric data were
                 recorded with 60 electrodes on the front of the chest and
                 195 sensors measured the magnetic field 2 cm above the
                 chest. The artificial rotating dipoles were located
                 underneath the anisotropic skeins distant from the
                 sensors. It was found that the signal strengths and
                 estimated dipole orientations were influenced by the
                 anisotropy while the estimated dipole positions were not
                 significantly influenced. The signal strength was reduced
                 between 17\% and 43\% for the different dipole positions
                 when comparing the parallel alignment of dipole
                 orientation and anisotropy direction with the orthogonal
                 alignment. The largest error in the estimation of dipole
                 orientation was 42 degrees. inverse problems",
  bibdate =      "Mon Nov 24 09:42:31 2008",
}

@Article{RSM:Sep87,
  author =       "N.G. Sepulveda and J.P. Wikswo",
  title =        "Electric and Magnetic Fields from Two-Dimensional
                 Anisotropic Bisynctia",
  journal =      j-BJ,
  year =         "1987",
  volume =       "5",
  pages =        "557--568",
  robnote =      "More on the uniform double layer, anisotropic
                 conduction, bidomain model of proagation., Prop026",
}

@Article{RSM:Sep90,
  author =       "N.G. Sepulveda and J.P. Wikswo and D.S. Echt",
  title =        "Finite element analysis of cardiac defibrillation
                 current distributions",
  journal =      j-BME,
  year =         "1990",
  volume =       "37",
  month =        apr,
  pages =        "354--365",
  robnote =      "Prop, finite element, forward solution",
}

@Article{RSM:Ser2002,
  author =       "Y. Serina{\~{g}}ao{\~{g}}lu and R.S. MacLeod and B.
                 Yilmaz and D.H. Brooks",
  title =        "Epicardial Mapping from Venous Catheter Measurements,
                 Body Surface Potential Maps, and an
                 Electrocardiographic Inverse Solution",
  journal =      j-JE,
  year =         "2002",
  volume =       "35(supp)",
  pages =        "65--74",
  robnote =      "Yesim paper on combined inverse solutions",
  bibdate =      "Sat Sep 21 16:00:09 2002",
}

@Article{RSM:Ser2003,
  author =       "Y. Serina{\~{g}}ao{\~{g}}lu and D.H. Brooks and R.S.
                 MacLeod",
  title =        "Combining Numerical and Physiological Constraints in
                 Inverse Electrocardiography",
  journal =      "Int. J. Bioelectromagnet.",
  year =         "2003",
  volume =       "5",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "(in press)",
  robnote =      "ICE paper that I presented",
  bibdate =      "Thu Jul 03 09:37:42 2003",
}

@InProceedings{RSM:Ser2003a,
  author =       "Y. Serina{\~{g}}ao{\~{g}}lu and R.S. MacLeod and D.H.
                 Brooks",
  title =        "A Bayesian Approach to Inclusion and Performance
                 Analysis of Using Extra Information in Bioelectric
                 Inverse Problems",
  booktitle =    "International Conference on Image Processing",
  year =         "2003",
  organization = "IEEE",
  robnote =      "ICIP paper",
  bibdate =      "Thu Jul 03 09:35:58 2003",
}

@InProceedings{RSM:Ser2003b,
  author =       "Y. Serinagaoglu and D. H. Brooks and R. S. MacLeod",
  title =        "Combining Numerical and Physiological Constraints in
                 Inverse Electrocardiography",
  booktitle =    "30th International Congress on Electrocardiology ({ICE
                 2003})",
  year =         "2003",
  address =      "Helsinki, Finland",
  robnote =      "",
  bibdate =      "Mon Jun 28 18:39:19 2004",
}

@InProceedings{RSM:Ser2003c,
  author =       "Y. Serinagaoglu and D. H. Brooks and R. S. MacLeod",
  title =        "Prior Model Selection for {B}ayesian Inverse
                 Electrocardiography",
  booktitle =    "Noninvasive Functional Source Imaging, 2003",
  year =         "2003",
  address =      "Chieti, Italy",
  robnote =      "",
  bibdate =      "Mon Jun 28 18:41:17 2004",
}

@Article{RSM:Ser2005,
  author =       "Y. Serinagaoglu and D.H. Brooks and R.S. MacLeod",
  title =        "Bayesian Solutions and Performance Analysis in
                 Bioelectric Inverse Problems",
  journal =      j-BME,
  year =         "2005",
  volume =       "52",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "1009--1020",
}

@Article{RSM:Ser2005b,
  author =       "C. Sergent and S. Baillet and S. Dehaene",
  title =        "Timing of the brain events underlying access to
                 consciousness during the attentional blink.",
  journal =      "Nat Neurosci",
  year =         "2005",
  month =        "Oct",
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "10",
  pages =        "1391--1400",
  robnote =      "In the phenomenon of attentional blink, identical visual
                 stimuli are sometimes fully perceived and sometimes not
                 detected at all. This phenomenon thus provides an optimal
                 situation to study the fate of stimuli not consciously
                 perceived and the differences between conscious and
                 nonconscious processing. We correlated behavioral
                 visibility ratings and recordings of event-related
                 potentials to study the temporal dynamics of access to
                 consciousness. Intact early potentials (P1 and N1) were
                 evoked by unseen words, suggesting that these brain events
                 are not the primary correlates of conscious perception.
                 However, we observed a rapid divergence around 270 ms,
                 after which several brain events were evoked solely by
                 seen words. Thus, we suggest that the transition toward
                 access to consciousness relates to the optional triggering
                 of a late wave of activation that spreads through a
                 distributed network of cortical association areas.",
  bibdate =      "Sat Dec 6 22:27:10 2008",
}

@Article{RSM:Ser2006,
  author =       "Y. Serinagaoglu and D.H. Brooks and R.S. MacLeod",
  title =        "Improved performance of {B}ayesian solutions for
                 inverse electrocardiography using multiple information
                 sources",
  journal =      j-BME,
  year =         "2006",
  volume =       "53",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "2024--2034",
  robnote =      "paper with Yesim",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 22 21:16:50 2007",
}

@Article{RSM:Ser2012,
  author =       "M. Sermesant and R. Chabiniok and P. Chinchapatnam and T.
                 Mansi and F. Billet and P. Moireau and J.M. Peyrat and K.
                 Wong and J. Relan and K. Rhode and M. Ginks and P.
                 Lambiase and H. Delingette and M. Sorine and C.A. Rinaldi
                 and D. Chapelle and R. Razavi and N. Ayache",
  title =        "Patient-specific electromechanical models of the heart
                 for the prediction of pacing acute effects in CRT: A
                 preliminary clinical validation.",
  journal =      "Med Image Anal",
  year =         "2012",
  month =        "Jan",
  volume =       "16",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "201--215",
  robnote =      "Cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT) is an effective
                 treatment for patients with congestive heart failure and a
                 wide QRS complex. However, up to 30\% of patients are
                 non-responders to therapy in terms of exercise capacity or
                 left ventricular reverse remodelling. A number of
                 controversies still remain surrounding patient selection,
                 targeted lead implantation and optimisation of this
                 important treatment. The development of biophysical models
                 to predict the response to CRT represents a potential
                 strategy to address these issues. In this article, we
                 present how the personalisation of an electromechanical
                 model of the myocardium can predict the acute haemodynamic
                 changes associated with CRT. In order to introduce such an
                 approach as a clinical application, we needed to design
                 models that can be individualised from images and
                 electrophysiological mapping of the left ventricle. In
                 this paper the personalisation of the anatomy, the
                 electrophysiology, the kinematics and the mechanics are
                 described. The acute effects of pacing on pressure
                 development were predicted with the in silico model for
                 several pacing conditions on two patients, achieving good
                 agreement with invasive haemodynamic measurements: the
                 mean error on dP/dt(max) is 47.5+/-35mmHgs(-1), less than
                 5\% error. These promising results demonstrate the
                 potential of physiological models personalised from images
                 and electrophysiology signals to improve patient selection
                 and plan CRT. INRIA",
  bibdate =      "Sun Dec 4 15:51:50 2011",
}

@Article{RSM:Ser84,
  author =       "P.W. Serruys and W. Wijns and M. van den Brand and S.
                 Meu and C. Slager and J.C.H. Schuurbiers and P.G.
                 Hugenholtz and R.W. Brower",
  title =        "Left Ventricular Performance, Regional Blood Flow,
                 Wall Motion, and Lactate Metabolism During Transluminal
                 Angioplasty",
  journal =      j-C,
  year =         "1984",
  volume =       "70",
  pages =        "25--36",
  robnote =      "Effects of PTCA on a number of heart functional
                 parameters. thesis, Ischemia064",
}

@Article{RSM:Ser86,
  author =       "P.W. Serruys and W. Wijns and F. Piscione and F. ten
                 Kate and P. de Feyter and M. van den Brand and P.G.
                 Hugenholtz",
  title =        "Early Changes in Wall Motion and Wall Thickness During
                 Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty in Man",
  journal =      j-CJC,
  year =         "1986",
  volume =       "Suppl",
  pages =        "221A-232A",
  robnote =      "Changes in heart motion brought about by PTCA. left
                 ventricular function, epicardial wall motion. thesis,
                 PTCA001",
}

@InCollection{RSM:Ser86b,
  author =       "P.W. Serruys and B. Jaski and F. Piscione and F. ten
                 Kate and P. de Fetyer and M. van den Brand and P.G.
                 Huggenholtz",
  title =        "Early Changes in Wall Thickness and Epicardial Wall
                 Motion During Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary
                 Angioplasty in Man. Similarities with {\em in vitro\/}
                 and {\em in vivo\/} Model",
  booktitle =    "Coronary Angioplasty: {A} Controlled Model for
                 Ischemia",
  editor =       "P.W. Serruys and G.T. Meester",
  publisher =    "Martinus Nijhoff Publishers",
  address =      "Dordrecht/Boston/Lancaster",
  year =         "1986",
  pages =        "19--30",
  robnote =      "thesis, PTCA045",
}

@InCollection{RSM:Ser86c,
  author =       "P.W. Serruys and F. Piscione and W. Wijns and J.A.J.
                 Hegge and E. Harmsen and M. van den Brand and P. de
                 Feyter and P.G. Hugenholtz and J.W. de Jong",
  title =        "Myocardial Release of Hypoxanthine and Lactate During
                 Coronary Angioplasty: {A} Quickly Reversible
                 Phenomenon, but for how long?",
  booktitle =    "Coronary Angioplasty: {A} Controlled Model for
                 Ischemia",
  editor =       "P.W. Serruys and G.T. Meester",
  publisher =    "Martinus Nijhoff Publishers",
  address =      "Dordrecht/Boston/Lancaster",
  year =         "1986",
  pages =        "77--91",
  robnote =      "thesis, PTCA050",
}

@InCollection{RSM:Ser86d,
  author =       "P.W. Serruys and F. Piscione and W. Wijns and C.
                 Slager and P. de Fetyer and M. van den Brand and P.G.
                 Hugenholtz and G.T. Meester",
  title =        "Ejection Filling Diastasis During Transluminal
                 Occlusion in Man. Consideration on Global and Regional
                 Left Ventricular Function.",
  booktitle =    "Coronary Angioplasty: {A} Controlled Model for
                 Ischemia",
  editor =       "P.W. Serruys and G.T. Meester",
  publisher =    "Martinus Nijhoff Publishers",
  address =      "Dordrecht/Boston/Lancaster",
  year =         "1986",
  pages =        "151--185",
  robnote =      "thesis, PTCA056",
}

@Book{RSM:Ser86e,
  title =        "Coronary Angioplasty: {A} Controlled Model for
                 Ischemia",
  editor =       "P.W. Serruys and G.T. Meester",
  publisher =    "Martinus Nijhoff Publishers",
  address =      "Dordrecht/Boston/Lancaster",
  year =         "1986",
  robnote =      "thesis, the entire book from which I site lots of PTCA
                 references",
}

@Article{RSM:Ser88e,
  author =       "P.W. Serruys and H.E. Luuten and K.J. Beatt and P.J.
                 Geuskens and P.J. de Feyter and M. van den Brand and
                 J.H.C. Reiber and J. ten Katen H. and G.A. van Es and
                 P.G. Hugenholtz",
  title =        "Incidence of Restenosis after Successful Coronary
                 Angioplasty: {A} Time-Related Phenomenon",
  journal =      j-C,
  year =         "1988",
  volume =       "77",
  pages =        "361--371",
  robnote =      "PTCA, restenosis,read it. thesis, Ischemia081",
}

@Article{RSM:Set99,
  author =       "J. Sethian",
  title =        "Fast Marching Methods",
  journal =      "SIAM Review",
  year =         "1999",
  volume =       "41",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "199--235"
}

@Article{RSM:Sha2013,
  author =       "A.J. Shah and M. Hocini and O. Xhaet and P. Pascale and
                 L. Roten and S.B. Wilton and N. Linton and D. Scherr and
                 S. Miyazaki and A.S. Jadidi and X. Liu and A. Forclaz and
                 I. Nault and L. Rivard and M.E. Pedersen and N. Derval and
                 F. Sacher and S. Knecht and P. Jais and R. Dubois and S.
                 Eliautou and R. Bokan and M. Strom and C. Ramanathan and
                 I. Cakulev and J. Sahadevan and B. Lindsay and A.L. Waldo
                 and M. Haissaguerre",
  title =        "Validation of novel 3-dimensional electrocardiographic
                 mapping of atrial tachycardias by invasive mapping and
                 ablation: a multicenter study.",
  journal =      j-ACC,
  year =         "2013",
  month =        "Sep",
  volume =       "62",
  number =       "10",
  pages =        "889--897",
  robnote =      "OBJECTIVES: This study prospectively evaluated the role
                 of a novel 3-dimensional, noninvasive, beat-by-beat
                 mapping system, Electrocardiographic Mapping (ECM), in
                 facilitating the diagnosis of atrial tachycardias (AT).
                 BACKGROUND: Conventional 12-lead electrocardiogram, a
                 widely used noninvasive tool in clinical arrhythmia
                 practice, has diagnostic limitations. METHODS: Various AT
                 (de novo and post-atrial fibrillation ablation) were
                 mapped using ECM followed by standard-of-care
                 electrophysiological mapping and ablation in 52 patients.
                 The ECM consisted of recording body surface electrograms
                 from a 252-electrode-vest placed on the torso combined
                 with computed tomography-scan-based biatrial anatomy
                 (CardioInsight Inc., Cleveland, Ohio). We evaluated the
                 feasibility of this system in defining the mechanism of
                 AT-macro-re-entrant (perimitral, cavotricuspid
                 isthmus-dependent, and roof-dependent circuits) versus
                 centrifugal (focal-source) activation-and the location of
                 arrhythmia in centrifugal AT. The accuracy of the
                 noninvasive diagnosis and detection of ablation targets
                 was evaluated vis-a-vis subsequent invasive mapping and
                 successful ablation. RESULTS: Comparison between ECM and
                 electrophysiological diagnosis could be accomplished in 48
                 patients (48 AT) but was not possible in 4 patients where
                 the AT mechanism changed to another AT (n = 1), atrial
                 fibrillation (n = 1), or sinus rhythm (n = 2) during the
                 electrophysiological procedure. ECM correctly diagnosed AT
                 mechanisms in 44 of 48 (92\%) AT: macro-re-entry in 23 of
                 27; and focal-onset with centrifugal activation in 21 of
                 21. The region of interest for focal AT perfectly matched
                 in 21 of 21 (100\%) AT. The 2:1 ventricular conduction and
                 low-amplitude P waves challenged the diagnosis of 4 of 27
                 macro-re-entrant (perimitral) AT that can be overcome by
                 injecting atrioventricular node blockers and signal
                 averaging, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: This prospective
                 multicenter series shows a high success rate of ECM in
                 accurately diagnosing the mechanism of AT and the location
                 of focal arrhythmia. Intraprocedural use of the system and
                 its application to atrial fibrillation mapping is under
                 way.",
  bibdate =      "Mon May 11 22:36:21 2015",
}

@Article{RSM:Sha2015,
  author =       "A.J. Shah and H.S. Lim and S. Yamashita and S. Zellerhoff
                 and B. Berte and S. Mahida and D. Hooks and N. Aljefairi
                 and N. Derval and A. Denis and F. Sacher and P. Jais and
                 R. Dubois and M. Hocini and M. Haissaguerre",
  title =        "Noninvasive mapping of ventricular arrhythmias.",
  journal =      "Card Electrophysiol Clin",
  year =         "2015",
  month =        "Mar",
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "99--107",
  robnote =      "Several decades of research has led to the development of
                 a 252-lead electrocardiogram-based three-dimensional
                 imaging modality to refine noninvasive diagnosis and
                 improve the management of heart rhythm disorders. This
                 article reviews the clinical potential of this noninvasive
                 mapping technique in identifying the sources of electrical
                 disorders and guiding the catheter ablation of ventricular
                 arrhythmias (premature ventricular beats and ventricular
                 tachycardia). The article also briefly refers to the
                 noninvasive electrical imaging of the arrhythmogenic
                 ventricular substrate based on the electrophysiologic
                 characteristics of postinfarction ventricular myocardium.",
  bibdate =      "Mon May 11 21:58:58 2015",
}

@InProceedings{RSM:Sha2017,
  author = 	 "K. Shayestehfard and M. Dannhauer and S. Guler and
                  A. Gkogkidis and D. Caldwell and J. Cronin and T. Ball and
                  J. G. Ojemann and R.S. MacLeod and D.H. Brooks",
  title = 	 "Modeling and optimizing cortical electric stimulation",
  booktitle =    "Brain Stimulation: Basic, Translational, and Clinical
                  Research in Neuromodulation",
  year = 	 2017,
  volume = 	 10,
  number = 	 4,
  pages = 	 "e29",
  Robnote = 	 "ECoG"
}

@MastersThesis{RSM:Sha2017a,
  author = 	 "K. Shayestehfard",
  title = 	 "Modeling, Optimization and Validation for Brain Stimulation",
  year = 	 2017,
  school =       "Northeastern University",
  }

@InProceedings{RSM:Sha2017b,
  author = 	 "K. Shayestehfard and M. Dannhauer and J.A. Cronin and
                  D.J. Caldwell and A. Gkogkidis and R.S. MacLeod and T. Ball
                  and J.G. Ojemann and D.H. Brooks",
  title = 	 "Evaluation of finite-element based modeling of cortical
                  current injection",
  booktitle =    "Organization for Human Brain Mapping",
  year = 	 2017}

@InProceedings{RSM:Sha2017c,
  author = 	 "K. Shayestehfard and M. Dannhauer and J.A. Cronin and
                  D.J. Caldwell and A. Gkogkidis and R.S. MacLeod and T. Ball
                  and J.G. Ojemann and D.H. Brooks",
  title = 	 "Modeling and optimizing cortical electric stimulation",
  booktitle =    "NYC Neuromodulation",
  year = 	 2017}

@Article{RSM:Sha76,
  author =       "W. Shapiro and A.S. Berson and H.V. Pipberger",
  title =        "Differences between supine and sitting {F}rank-lead
                 electrocardiograms.",
  journal =      j-JE,
  year =         "1976",
  volume =       "9",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "303--308",
  robnote =      "looks at the effects of position on the ECG but also
                 compares the resulting errors to electrode placment
                 errors",
  bibdate =      "Mon Apr 24 21:46:12 2000",
}

@InProceedings{RSM:Sha90,
  author =       "A. Vahid Shahidi and P.R. Savard",
  title =        "A volume conductor model of the human thorax for field
                 calculations",
  booktitle =    c-EMBS90,
  publisher =    "IEEE Press",
  address =      "",
  year =         "1990",
  pages =        "615--616",
  robnote =      "TorsoModel, forward/inverse solution, currently the
                 most highly resolved model, next to ours.",
}

@Article{RSM:Sha94,
  author =       "A.V. Shahidi and P. Savard and R. Nadeau",
  title =        "Forward and inverse problems of electrocardiography:
                 {M}odeling and recovery of epicardial potentials in
                 humans",
  journal =      "IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng.",
  volume =       "43",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "249--256",
  year =         "1994",
}

@Article{RSM:Sha94b,
  author =       "A.V. Shahidi and P. Savard and R. Nadeau",
  title =        "Forward and inverse problems of electrocardiography:
                 {M}odeling and recovery of epicardial potentials in
                 humans",
  journal =      j-BME,
  year =         "1994",
  volume =       "41",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "249--256",
  robnote =      "A paper with an overview of several different methods
                 with at least some description of some different
                 regularization methods too. Findings of comparison with
                 clinical data from WPW patients were surprising: lower
                 res model did beter than high res; homogeneous torso
                 did better than inhomogeneous; simple Tikhonov reg with
                 energy upper bound was best regularization; and simple
                 distributions (early in pre-excitation) were better
                 reconstructed than complex ones (45 msec into the
                 beat). They have problems getting alignment between
                 electrodes and nodes on epicardium (derive a special
                 forward matrix by energizing each element which
                 encloses an electrode instead of interpolation to the
                 epicardial nodes)",
}

@Article{RSM:Sha94c,
  author =       "S.W. Sharkey and C.R. Berger and D.D. Brunette and
                 T.D. Henry",
  title =        "Impact of the electrocardiogram on the delivery of
                 thrombolytic therapy for acute myocardial infarction",
  journal =      j-AJC,
  year =         "1994",
  volume =       "73",
  pages =        "550--553",
  robnote =      "A study of what determines the time to thrombolytic
                 treatment for infarct (MI) patients in the emergency
                 room. They find that ST-segment shift is the single
                 parameter that correlates with time to treatment. The
                 bigger the ST shift at presentation, the quicker the
                 patient makes it to treatment. Who says ST segments are
                 important? Wow!",
}

@Article{RSM:She2005,
  author =       "G. Shechter and J. R. Resar and E. R. McVeigh",
  title =        "Rest period duration of the coronary arteries:
                 implications for magnetic resonance coronary
                 angiography",
  journal =      "Med Phys",
  volume =       "32",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "255--62",
  year =         "2005",
}

@Article{RSM:She2009,
  author =       "J. Shen and M.S. Bailey and R.J. Damiano",
  title =        "The surgical treatment of atrial fibrillation.",
  journal =      j-HR,
  year =         "2009",
  month =        "Aug",
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "8 Suppl",
  pages =        "S45--S50",
  robnote =      "For two decades, the cut-and-sew Cox-maze III procedure
                 was the gold standard for the surgical treatment of atrial
                 fibrillation (AF) and has proven to be effective at
                 eliminating AF. The incidence of late stroke was also very
                 low. However, this procedure was not widely adopted owing
                 to its complexity and technical difficulty. Over the last
                 5-10 years, the introduction of new ablation technology
                 has led to the development of the Cox-maze IV procedure as
                 well as more limited lesion sets, with the ultimate goal
                 of performing a minimally invasive lesion set on the
                 beating heart without the need for cardiopulmonary bypass.
                 This review summarizes the current state of the art and
                 future directions in the stand-alone surgical treatment of
                 AF. The hope is that as more is learned about the
                 mechanisms of AF and with better preoperative diagnostic
                 technologies capable of precisely locating the areas
                 responsible for AF, it will become possible to tailor
                 specific lesion sets and ablation modalities to individual
                 patients, making the surgical treatment of AF available to
                 a larger population of patients.",
  bibdate =      "Tue Oct 19 07:02:42 2010",
  pmcid =        "PMC2760330",
}

@Article{RSM:She64,
  author =       "A.M. Sher",
  title =        "The Sequence of Ventricular Excitation",
  journal =      j-AJC,
  year =         "1964",
  volume =       "14",
  pages =        "287--293",
  robnote =      "A realy nice article about the sequence of propogation
                 in the ventricular excitation, this is a bit dated
                 perhaps but just such good reading., Prop039",
}

@InProceedings{RSM:She68,
  author =       "D. Shepard",
  title =        "A two-dimensional interpolation function for
                 irregularly spaced data",
  year =         "1968",
  pages =        "517--523",
  booktitle =    "Proceedings of the 23rd National Conference, ACM",
  publisher =    "Brandon/Systems Press",
  robnote =      "original reference to Shepard's method for
                 interpolation, inverse distance based technique, no
                 hard copy",
  bibdate =      "Wed Jan 28 23:29:47 1998",
}

@InProceedings{RSM:She84,
  author =       "J.D. Sherwood and B.K. Hoyt and P.J. MacInnis and R.V.
                 Potter and B.M. Horacek",
  title =        "A High Performance Data Acquisition System for Body
                 Surface Potential Mapping",
  booktitle =    "10th Canadian Medical and Biological Engineering
                 Conference",
  organization = "C.M.B.S.",
  address =      "",
  year =         "1984",
  pages =        "99--100",
  robnote =      "The only paper besides mine which describes the
                 mapping system as it existed for the bulk of the time
                 we have used it. thesis, BSPM072",
}

@Article{RSM:She86,
  author =       "S.S. Sheu and V.K. Sharma and A. Uglesity",
  title =        "Na - Ca Exchange Contributes to Increase of Cytosolic
                 Ca Concentration During Depolarization in Heart
                 Muscle",
  journal =      j-AJP,
  year =         "1986",
  volume =       "25",
  pages =        "C561--C656",
  robnote =      "excitation contraction coupling, calcium channels,
                 isolated cardiac myocytes, calcium sodium exchange,
                 CellPhysiol048",
}

@Article{RSM:She87,
  author =       "K. Sheldon",
  title =        "Image Processing: Probing Space by Camera",
  journal =      j-BYTE,
  year =         "1987",
  month =        mar,
  pages =        "141--148",
  robnote =      "One of a series of articles on image processing. The
                 development at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory.,
                 SigProc007",
}

@Unpublished{RSM:She88,
  author =       "J.D. Sherwood and B.K. Hoyt",
  title =        "A High-Current Voltage Regulator Circuit for Battery
                 Power Supplies",
  year =         "1988",
  note =         "Private Communication",
  robnote =      "John's design of the voltage regulator for the new
                 mapping system. thesis, BSPM099",
}

@Article{RSM:She90,
  author =       "M. Shenasa and R. Cardinal and P. Savard and M. Dubac
                 and P. Page and R. Nadeau",
  title =        "Cardiac Mapping. Part {I}: {W}olff-{P}arkison-{W}hite
                 Syndrome.",
  journal =      j-P,
  year =         "1990",
  volume =       "13",
  pages =        "223--230",
  scinote =      "WPW, mapping. ROK-thesis",
}

@Article{RSM:She92,
  author =       "M.E. Shenton and R. Kikinis and F.A. Jolesz and S.D.
                 Pollak and M. LeMay and C.G. Wible and H. Hokama and J.
                 Martin and D. Metcalf and M. Coleman and R.W.
                 McCarley",
  title =        "Abnormalities of the left temporal lobe and thought
                 disorder in schizophrenia",
  journal =      j-NEJM,
  year =         "1992",
  volume =       "327",
  pages =        "604--612",
  robnote =      "neuroscience, EEG",
}

@Article{RSM:She93,
  author =       "M. Shenasa and D. Hamel and J. Nasmith and R. Nadeau
                 and J.-L. Dutoy and P. Savard",
  title =        "Body surface potential mapping of {ST}-segment shift
                 in patients undergoing percutaneous transluminal
                 coronary angioplasty",
  journal =      j-JE,
  year =         "1993",
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "43--51",
  robnotes =     "The paper that Circ would not accept for publication
                 by Pierre and Co. Good paper actually, but does not
                 cover the subject perhaps as well as Hans's versions.
                 PTCA angioplasty .",
}

@Article{RSM:She93b,
  author =       "R. Sherman-Gold",
  title =        "Revamping the peer review system",
  journal =      j-NIH,
  year =         "1993",
  volume =       "5",
  pages =        "16--20",
  robnote =      "Provocative editorial about what is wrong with peer
                 review.",
}

@InProceedings{RSM:She98,
  author =       "J.D. Shelkey and E.J. Luke and D. Weinstein and R.B.
                 Roemer and S.F. Clegg and C. Johnson",
  title =        "{MRI} model generation and inverse tumor temperature,
                 vascular flow and perfusion estimation during
                 hyperthermia using a computational steering tool -
                 {SCIR}un",
  booktitle =    "ASME Heat Transfer Div Publ HTD",
  year =         "1998",
  volume =       "362",
  pages =        "7--10",
  publisher =    "ASME, Fairfield, NJ",
  robnote =      "SCIRun paper. The first application of this package
                 will be to investigate the hypothesis that pretreatment
                 MR perfusion distribution measurements can be scaled to
                 accurately simulate hyperthermia treatment temperatures
                 using Pennes bio heat transfer equation.",
  bibdate =      "Sun Nov 19 18:20:45 2000",
}

@Article{RSM:Shi2002,
  author =       "K. Shinagawa and Y.F. Shi and J.C. Tardif and T.K.
                 Leung and S. Nattel",
  title =        "Dynamic nature of atrial fibrillation substrate during
                 development and reversal of heart failure in dogs.",
  journal =      j-C,
  year =         "2002",
  month =        jun,
  volume =       "105",
  number =       "22",
  pages =        "2672--2678",
  robnote =      "Chronically instrumented dogs were subjected to 4 to 6
                 weeks of ventricular tachypacing (VTP; 220 to 240 bpm)
                 to induce congestive heart failure (CHF), followed by a
                 5-week recovery period leading to hemodynamic
                 normalization at 5-week recovery (Wk5(rec)). The
                 duration of burst pacing-induced AF under
                 ketamine/diazepam/isoflurane anesthesia increased
                 progressively during VTP and recovered toward baseline
                 during the recovery period, paralleling changes in
                 atrial dimensions. However, even at full recovery,
                 sustained AF could still be induced under relatively
                 vagotonic morphine/chloralose anesthesia. Wk5(rec) dogs
                 showed no recovery of CHF-induced atrial fibrosis
                 (3.1+/-0.3\% for controls versus 10.7+/-1.0\% for CHF
                 and 12.0+/-0.8\% for Wk5(rec) dogs) or local conduction
                 abnormalities (conduction heterogeneity index 1.8+/-0.1
                 in controls versus 2.3+/-0.1 in CHF and 2.2+/-0.2 in
                 Wk5(rec) dogs). One week of atrial tachypacing failed
                 to affect the right atrial effective refractory period
                 significantly in CHF dogs but caused highly significant
                 effective refractory period reductions and atrial
                 vulnerability increases in Wk5(rec) dogs. CONCLUSIONS:
                 Reversal of CHF is followed by normalized atrial
                 function and decreased duration of AF; however,
                 fibrosis and conduction abnormalities are not
                 reversible, and a substrate that can support prolonged
                 AF remains. Early intervention to prevent fixed
                 structural abnormalities may be important in patients
                 with conditions that predispose to the arrhythmia.",
  bibdate =      "Sun Jun 1 18:41:50 2008",
}

@Article{RSM:Shi94,
  author =       "W. Shimizu and S. Kamakura and T. Ohe and T. Kurita
                 and H. Takaki and N. Aihara and K. Shimomura",
  title =        "Diagnostic value of recovery time measured by body
                 surface mapping in patients with congenital long {QT}
                 syndrome.",
  journal =      j-AJC,
  year =         "1994",
  volume =       "74",
  number =       "8",
  pages =        "780--5",
  robnote =      "The purpose of this study was to examine the value of
                 the body surface recovery time measured by 87-lead body
                 surface mapping for detecting LQTS.The recovery time
                 (RT), that is, the interval between QRS onset and the
                 time of maximum dV/dt in the ST-T segment, was measured
                 automatically by computer from each of the 87 mapping
                 leads, and the corrected RT (RTc) was calculated by
                 Bazett's method. LQTS, SCOR",
}

@Article{RSM:Shi97,
  author =       "W. Shimizu and C. Antzelevitch",
  title =        "Sodium channel block with mexiletine is effective in
                 reducing dispersion of repolarization and preventing
                 torsade des pointes in {LQT2} and {LQT3} models of the
                 long-{QT} syndrome.",
  journal =      j-C,
  year =         "1997",
  volume =       "96",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "2038--47",
  robnote =      "This study examines the contribution of transmural
                 heterogeneity of transmembrane activity to phenotypic
                 T-wave patterns and the effects of pacing and of sodium
                 channel block under conditions mimicking HERG and SCN5A
                 defects linked to the congenital long-QT syndrome
                 (LQTS). d-Sotalol was used to mimic LQT2, whereas
                 ATX-II mimicked LQT3. LQTS. No hard copy",
}

@Article{RSM:Shi98,
  author =       "W. Shimizu and C. Antzelevitch",
  title =        "Cellular basis for the {ECG} features of the {LQT1}
                 form of the Long-{QT} syndrome",
  journal =      j-C,
  year =         "1998",
  OPTvolume =    "98",
  OPTnumber =    "",
  OPTpages =     "2314--2322",
  OPTmonth =     "",
  OPTnote =      "",
  robnote =      "Latest LQTS paper with the first LQT1 model I have
                 found. Uses Chromanol 293B and the beta-aagonist
                 isoproterenol to induse torsade TdP in the canine wedge
                 preparation",
  bibdate =      "Sun Dec 06 00:42:39 1998",
}

@Article{RSM:Shi99,
  author =       "W. Shimizu and B. McMahon and C. Antzelovitch",
  title =        "Sodium pentobarbital reduces transmural dispersion of
                 repolarization and prevernts {T}orsade de {P}ointes in
                 model of acquired and congenital long {QT} syndrome",
  journal =      j-JCE,
  year =         "1999",
  volume =       "10",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "154--164",
  robnote =      "The paper we have been waiting for in which
                 Antzelovitch explains the effect of pentobarbital on
                 transmural repolarizaiton dispersion.",
  bibdate =      "Tue Mar 16 18:15:46 1999",
}

@InProceedings{RSM:Sho2004,
  author =       "S. Shome and J.G. Stinstra and B. Hopenfeld and B.B.
                 Punske and R.S. MacLeod",
  title =        "A Study of the Dynamics of Cardiac Ischemia using
                 Experimental and Modeling Approaches",
  booktitle =    c-EMBS2004,
  year =         "2004",
  organization = "IEEE EMBS",
  publisher =    "IEEE Press",
  robnote =      "Shibaji's paper on ischemia",
  bibdate =      "Tue Apr 27 15:59:32 2004",
}

@InProceedings{RSM:Sho2004b,
  author =       "S. Shome and S. Rossi and B. Punske and J.G. Stinstra
                 and B. Hopenfeld and R.S. MacLeod and B. Taccardi",
  title =        "Anisotropic Epicardial {ST} Potential Patterns Reveal
                 Location and Depth of Ventricular Necroses",
  booktitle =    c-BMES2004,
  publisher =    "BMES",
  address =      "",
  year =         "2004",
  pages =        "",
}

@Article{RSM:Sho2006,
  author =       "S. Shome and J.G. Stinstra and C. Henriquez and R.S.
                 MacLeod.",
  title =        "Influence of extracellular potassium and reduced
                 extracellular space on conduction velocity during acute
                 ischemia: a simulation study",
  journal =      j-JE,
  year =         "2006",
  volume =       "39",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "S84--S85",
  robnote =      "Shibaji's abstract from 2006 ISCE",
  bibdate =      "Thu Jul 26 06:46:04 2007",
}

@InProceedings{RSM:Sho2006a,
  author =       "S. Shome and J.G. Stinstra and C.S. Henriquez and R.S.
                 MacLeod",
  title =        "The Influence of Tissue Structure on Cardiac Propagation
                  Velocity",
  booktitle =    "50th Biophysical Society Annual Meeting",
  year =         "2006",
  robnote =      "Shibaji abstract for poster on propagation study",
  bibdate =      "Fri Nov 23 16:39:35 2007",
}

@Article{RSM:Sho2007,
  author =       "S. Shome and R.L. Lux and B.B. Punske and R.S. MacLeod",
  title =        "Ischemic preconditioning protects against
                 arrhythmogenesis through maintenance of both active as
                 well as passive electrical properties in ischemic
                 canine hearts",
  journal =      j-JE,
  year =         "2007",
  volume =       "40",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "S5--S6",
  robnote =      "Shibaji's Young Investigator award paper",
  bibdate =      "Wed Aug 08 20:53:46 2007",
}

@InCollection{RSM:Sho2007a,
  author =       "S. Shome and R.S. MacLeod",
  title =        "Simultaneous high-resolution electrical imaging of
                 endocardial, epicardial and torso-tank surfaces under
                 varying cardiac metabolic load and coronary flow",
  booktitle =    "Functional Imaging and Modeling of the Heart",
  publisher =    "Springer-Verlag",
  address =     "Berlin, Heidelberg, Germany",
  year =         "2007",
  editors = "Frank B. Sachse and Gunnar Seemann",
  series =       "Lecture Notes in Computer Science 4466",
  pages =        "320--329",
  robnote =      "Shibajis talk at FIMH",
  bibdate =      "Fri Nov 23 16:32:09 2007",
}

@InProceedings{RSM:Sho2007b,
  author =       "S. Shome and R.S. MacLeod",
  title =        "Characterization of the transmural myocardial
                 electrocardiographic response in in-vivo canine working
                 hearts under reduced flow and increased heart rate",
  booktitle =    "International Congress on Electrocardiology",
  year =         "2007",
  organization = "International Society of Electrocardiology",
  robnote =      "From a talk I gave in Istanbul",
  bibdate =      "Fri Nov 23 16:37:04 2007",
}

@PhdThesis{RSM:Sho2007c,
  author =       "S. Shome",
  title =        "Electrocardiographic Mapping and Characterization of
                 Myocardial Ischemia",
  school =       "University of Utah",
  year =         "2007",
  address =      "Salt Lake City, Utah",
  robnote =      "shibajis thesis",
  bibdate =      "Fri Nov 23 16:41:41 2007",
}

@Article{RSM:Sho96,
  author =       "S.M. Shors and A.V. Sahakian and H.J. Sih and S.
                 Swiryn",
  title =        "A method for determining high-resolution activation
                 time delays in unipolar cardiac mapping",
  journal =      j-BME,
  year =         "1996",
  volume =       "43",
  number =       "12",
  pages =        "1192--1196",
  robnote =      "Uses a hilbert transform of the cross correlation
                 between waveforms from endo- and epicardial
                 electrograms to measure the offset in activation time
                 between them.",
}

@Article{RSM:Shu86,
  author =       "S.S. Shue and V.K. Sharma and A. Uglesity",
  title =        "{$Na^{+}--Ca^{+}$} Exchange Contributes to Increase of
                 Cytosolic {$Ca^{2+}$} concentration During
                 Depolarization in Heart Muscle",
  journal =      j-AJP,
  year =         "1986",
  volume =       "250",
  pages =        "C651--C656",
  robnote =      "Calcium sodium exchange paper and its effect on
                 cystolic calcium concentration., CardCell003",
}

@InProceedings{RSM:Shu93,
  author =       "D.V. Shukla and J. Belina and O.l. Gonzalez and T.H.
                 Razvi and S. Dodhia",
  title =        "Wavelet transform for small dimension neural network
                 pattern classification of subtly different {ECG}s",
  booktitle =    c-EMBS93,
  year =         "1993",
  pages =        "729--731",
  publisher =    "IEEE Press",
}

@InProceedings{RSM:Si2005,
  author =       "H. Si and K. Gaertner",
  title =        "Meshing Piecewise Linear Complexes by Constrained
                 Delaunay Tetrahedralizations",
  booktitle =    "Proceedings of the 14th International Meshing
                 Roundtable",
  year =         "2005",
  pages =        "147--163",
  robnote =      "tetgen mesh generation background information",
  bibdate =      "Mon May 21 13:22:01 2007",
}

@InProceedings{RSM:Si2006,
  author =       "H. Si and K. Gaertner",
  title =        "On Refinement of Constrained Delaunay
                 Tetrahedralizations",
  booktitle =    "Proceedings of the 15th International Meshing
                 Roundtable",
  year =         "2006",
  robnote =      "tetgen mesh generation background information",
  bibdate =      "Mon May 21 13:22:01 2007",
}

@Article{RSM:Sic2008,
  author =       "R. Sicari and P. Nihoyannopoulos and A.
                 Evangelista and J. Kasprzak and P.
                 Lancellotti and D. Poldermans and J.U. Voigt and
                 J.L. Zamorano",
  doi =          "10.1093/ejechocard/jen175",
  journal =      "European Journal of Echocardiography",
  keywords =     "Stress echocardiography",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "415--437",
  pmid =         "18579481",
  title =        "{Stress echocardiography expert consensus statement}",
  volume =       "9",
  year =         "2008",
  abstract =     "Stress echocardiography is the combination of 2D
                 echocardiography with a physical, pharmacological or
                 electrical stress. The diagnostic end point for the
                 detection of myocardial ischemia is the induction of a
                 transient worsening in regional function during stress.
                 Stress echocardiography provides similar diagnostic and
                 prognostic accuracy as radionuclide stress perfusion
                 imaging, but at a substantially lower cost, without
                 environmental impact, and with no biohazards for the
                 patient and the physician. Among different stresses of
                 comparable diagnostic and prognostic accuracy,
                 semisupine exercise is the most used, dobutamine the
                 best test for viability, and dipyridamole the safest
                 and simplest pharmacological stress and the most
                 suitable for combined wall motion coronary flow reserve
                 assessment. The additional clinical benefit of
                 myocardial perfusion contrast echocardiography and
                 myocardial velocity imaging has been inconsistent to
                 date, whereas the potential of adding ‚{\"{A}}{\`{i}}
                 coronary flow reserve evaluation of left anterior
                 descending coronary artery by transthoracic Doppler
                 echocardiography adds another potentially important
                 dimension to stress echocardiography. New emerging
                 fields of application taking advantage from the
                 versatility of the technique are Doppler stress echo in
                 valvular heart disease and in dilated cardiomyopathy.
                 In spite of its dependence upon operator's training,
                 stress echocardiography is today the best (most
                 cost-effective and risk-effective) possible imaging
                 choice to achieve the still elusive target of
                 sustainable cardiac imaging in the field of noninvasive
                 diagnosis of coronary artery disease.",
}

@Article{RSM:Sic91,
  author =       "S. Sicouri and C. Antzelevitch",
  title =        "A subpopulation of cells with unique
                 electrophysiological properties in the deep
                 subepicardium of the canine ventricle: {T}he {M}
                 cell.",
  journal =      j-CR,
  year =         "1991",
  volume =       "68",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "1729--41",
  robnote =      "Recent studies have shown that canine ventricular
                 epicardium and endocardium differ with respect to
                 electrophysiological characteristics and
                 pharmacological responsiveness and that these
                 differences are in large part due to the presence of a
                 prominent transient outward current Ito and a
                 spike-and-dome morphology of the action potential in
                 epicardium but not endocardium. In attempting to
                 quantitate these differences and assess their gradation
                 across the ventricular wall, we encountered a
                 subpopulation of cells in the deep subepicardial layers
                 with electrophysiological characteristics different
                 from those of either epicardium or endocardium. These
                 cells, which we have termed M cells, display a
                 spike-and-dome morphology typical of epicardium but a
                 maximal rate of rise of the action potential upstroke
                 that is considerably greater than that of either
                 epicardium or endocardium. LQTS No hard copy",
}

@Article{RSM:Sic94,
  author =       "S. Sicouri and J. Fish and C. Antzelevitch",
  title =        "Distribution of {M} cells in the canine ventricle.",
  journal =      j-JCE,
  year =         "1994",
  volume =       "5",
  number =       "10",
  pages =        "824--37",
  robnote =      "Our results indicate that M cells reside throughout
                 the deep subepicardial layers of the free wall of the
                 canine left ventricle as well as in the deep
                 subendocardial layers of the septum, papillary muscles,
                 and trabeculae. The data also demonstrate prominent
                 transmural as well as apicobasal gradients of phase 1
                 and phase 3 repolarization. LQTS, No hard copy",
}

@Article{RSM:Sic97a,
  author =       "S. Sicouri and S. Moro and S. Litovsky and M.V.
                 Elizari and C. Antzelevitch",
  title =        "Chronic amiodarone reduces transmural dispersion of
                 repolarization in the canine heart.",
  journal =      j-JCE,
  year =         "1997",
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "11",
  pages =        "1269--79",
  robnote =      "We used standard microelectrode techniques to record
                 transmembrane activity from endocardial, epicardial,
                 mid-myocardial, and transmural strips isolated from the
                 canine left ventricle. Tissues were obtained from
                 mongrel dogs receiving amiodarone orally (30 to 40
                 mg/kg per day) for 30 to 45 days or from untreated
                 controls. Chronic amiodarone produced a greater
                 prolongation of action potential duration in epicardium
                 and endocardium, but less of an increase, or even a
                 decrease at slow rates, in the M region, thereby
                 reducing transmural dispersion of repolarization. LQTS
                 No hard copy",
}

@Article{RSM:Sic97b,
  author =       "S. Sicouri and D. Antzelevitch and C. Heilmann and C.
                 Antzelevitch",
  title =        "Effects of sodium channel block with mexiletine to
                 reverse action potential prolongation in in vitro
                 models of the long term {QT} syndrome.",
  journal =      j-JCE,
  year =         "1997",
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "11",
  pages =        "1280--90",
  robnote =      "Experimental studies using the arterially perfused
                 left ventricular wedge preparation have confirmed these
                 clinical observations on the QT interval but have gone
                 on to further demonstrate a potent effect of mexiletine
                 to reduce dispersion of repolarization and prevent
                 torsades de pointes (TdP) in both LQT2 and LQT3 models.
                 d-Sotalol, an IKr blocker, was used to mimic the HERG
                 defect (LQT2), and ATX-II, which increases late Na
                 channel current, was used to mimic the SCN5A defect
                 (LQT3).Mexiletine also reversed the d-sotalol-induced
                 prolongation of the M cell action potential duration
                 (APD), but had little effect on the action potential of
                 epicardium and endocardium. LQTS. No hard copy",
}

@Article{RSM:Sie87,
  author =       "J.H. Siegel and C.L. Nikias and M. Fabian and T.C.
                 Vary and T. Ning and K.C. Goh and S. Goodarzi",
  title =        "Advanced Signal-Processing Method for the Detection,
                 Localization, and Quantification of Acute Myocardial
                 Ischemia",
  journal =      "Surgery",
  year =         "1987",
  volume =       "102",
  pages =        "215--228",
  robnote =      "A frequency domain representation of multi-channel
                 epicardial signals and using signal processing
                 techniques to separate ischemic from normal tissue.
                 eigenvalues, autocorrelation domain. thesis, BSPM069",
}

@Article{RSM:Sie87b,
  author =       "J.H. Siegel and C.L. Nikias and M.R. Raghuveer and M.
                 Fabian and K.C. Goh and D. Sanford",
  title =        "Epicardial electrical activity analyzed via frequency
                 wavenumber spectrum estimation for the characterization
                 of arrhythmiagenic states",
  journal =      j-JE,
  year =         "1987",
  volume =       "20",
  number =       "5",
  pages =        "329--351",
  robnote =      "Max Nikias and Siegel paper using frequency analysis
                 of epicardial data to detect arrhythmia. epicardial
                 mapping, signal analysis",
}

@InCollection{RSM:Sig00,
  author =       "F.J. Sigworth",
  title =        "Single Channels",
  booktitle =    "Single Channels",
  editor =       "",
  publisher =    "unknown",
  address =      "",
  year =         "unknown",
  robnote =      "Wish I knew more details of this book but, alas, I
                 have only a photocopy of this chapter. signal
                 processing, computer collection and analysis of
                 biological data, CellPhysiol023",
}

@Article{RSM:Sig38,
  author =       "L.H. Sigler",
  title =        "Electrocardiographic changes occurring with
                 alterations of posture from recumbent to standing
                 positions.",
  journal =      j-AHJ,
  year =         "1938",
  volume =       "15",
  pages =        "146--157",
  robnote =      "early reference to questions of posture and ECG
                 signals",
  bibdate =      "Mon Apr 24 21:30:43 2000",
}

@Article{RSM:Sih95,
  author =       "H.J. Sih and A.V. Sahakian and C.E. Arentzen and S.
                 Swiryn",
  title =        "A frequency domain analysis of spatial organization of
                 epicardial maps",
  journal =      j-BME,
  year =         "1995",
  volume =       "42",
  number =       "7",
  pages =        "718--727",
  robnote =      "Applied the magnitude squared coherence measure to
                 epicardial maps from sinus rhythm, atrial fibrillation
                 and atrial flutter. FOund that coherence was highest
                 for regular rhythm and smallest for fibrillation.
                 Results did suggest, however, that fibrillation is not
                 random and suggest that perhaps fiber structure might
                 cause iso-coherence maps to have elliptical structure.
                 They also suggest that the range of organization of two
                 leads is on the order of 10mm so that this would be the
                 lead separation required to differentiate between
                 organized and independent activity, and thus
                 fibrillation from sinus rhythm or flutter.",
}

@Article{RSM:Sil2015,
  author =       "J.N. Silva",
  title =        "Pediatric electrocardiographic imaging applications.",
  journal =      "Card Electrophysiol Clin",
  year =         "2015",
  month =        "Mar",
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "135--152",
  robnote =      "Noninvasive electrocardiographic imaging (ECGI) has been
                 used in pediatric and congenital heart patients to better
                 understand their electrophysiologic substrates. In this
                 article we focus on the 4 subjects related to pediatric
                 ECGI: (1) ECGI in patients with congenital heart disease
                 and Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, (2) ECGI in patients
                 with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and preexcitation, (3)
                 ECGI in pediatric patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White
                 syndrome, and (4) ECGI for pediatric cardiac
                 resynchronization therapy.",
  bibdate =      "Mon May 11 21:58:58 2015",
  pmcid =        "PMC4337427",
}

@Article{RSM:Sim79,
  author =       "M.B. Simson and W. Harden and C. Barlow and A.H.
                 Harken",
  title =        "Visualization of the Distance Between Perfusion and
                 Anoxia Along an Ischemic Border",
  journal =      j-C,
  year =         "1979",
  volume =       "6",
  pages =        "1151--1155",
  robnote =      "Describes method of looking at ischemic myocardium and
                 showing those parts of the tissue which are perfused

license: MIT

license_type: permissive