text:
@string{DLS  = {Symposium on Dynamic languages (DLS)}}
@string{ECOOP  = {European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming (ECOOP)}}
@string{POPL  = {Symposium on Principles of Programming Languages (POPL)}}
@string{OOPSLA = {Conference on Object Oriented Programming Systems Languages and Applications (OOPSLA)}}
@string{PLDI = {Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation (PLDI)}}
@string{SCP = {Science of Computer Programming}}

@inproceedings{allende13,
  author    = {Esteban Allende and Johan Fabry and {\'E}ric Tanter},
  title     = {Cast Insertion Strategies for Gradually-Typed Objects},
  doi       = {10.1145/2508168.2508171},
  booktitle = DLS,
  year      = 2013,
}

@inproceedings{Takikawa:2012,
 author = {Takikawa, Asumu and Strickland, T. Stephen and Dimoulas, Christos and Tobin-Hochstadt, Sam and Felleisen, Matthias},
 title = {Gradual Typing for First-class Classes},
 doi = {10.1145/2398857.2384674},
 booktitle = OOPSLA,
 year = {2012},
}

@inproceedings{Bracha93,
  author   = {Gilad Bracha and David Griswold},
  title    = {Strongtalk: Typechecking {Smalltalk} in a Production Environment},
  booktitle= OOPSLA,
  year      = {1993},
  doi = {10.1145/165854.165893},
}

@misc{typescript13,
title = "{T}ype{S}cript -- Language Specification",
author = "Microsoft",
year = 2016}

@inproceedings{tf-dls06,
  author    = {Sam Tobin-Hochstadt and
               Matthias Felleisen},
  title     = {Interlanguage migration: from scripts to programs},
  year      = {2006},
  doi = {10.1145/1176617.1176755},
  booktitle = DLS }

@inproceedings{SiekTaha06,
    author = {Jeremy Siek},
    title = {Gradual Typing for Functional Languages},
    booktitle = {Scheme and Functional Programming Workshop},
    year = {2006},
    note = "\url{http://ecee.colorado.edu/~siek/pubs/pubs/2006/siek06_gradual.pdf}"
}

@inproceedings{guha10ECOOP,
	Author = {Arjun Guha and Claudiu Saftoiu and Shriram Krishnamurthi},
	Booktitle = ECOOP,
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-14107-2_7},
	Title = {The Essence of {JavaScript}},
	Year = {2010},
}

@inproceedings{wurthinger2013one,
  title={One {VM} to rule them all},
  author={W{\"u}rthinger, Thomas and Wimmer, Christian and W{\"o}ss, Andreas and Stadler, Lukas and Duboscq, Gilles and Humer, Christian and Richards, Gregor and Simon, Doug and Wolczko, Mario},
  booktitle={Onwards!},
  year={2013},
  doi={10.1145/2509578.2509581},
}

@inproceedings{BAT14,
  author = {Gavin Bierman and Martin Abadi  and Mads Torgersen},
  title = {Understanding {TypeScript}},
  year = 2014,
  booktitle = ECOOP,
  doi={10.1007/978-3-662-44202-9_11},
}

@inproceedings{Bierman10,
  author    = {Gavin M. Bierman and Erik Meijer and Mads Torgersen},
  title     = {Adding Dynamic Types to {C\#}},
  booktitle = ECOOP,
  year      = {2010},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-642-14107-2_5},
}

@inproceedings{Suzuki81,
 author = {Suzuki, Norihisa},
 title = {Inferring types in {S}malltalk},
 booktitle = POPL,
 year = {1981},
 doi = {10.1145/567532.567553},
}

@inproceedings{Borning82,
 author = {Borning, Alan H. and Ingalls, Daniel H. H.},
 title = {A type declaration and inference system for {S}malltalk},
 booktitle = POPL,
 year = {1982},
 doi = {10.1145/582153.582168},
 }

@inproceedings{SoftTyping,
 author = {Robert Cartwright and Mike Fagan},
 title = {{S}oft {T}yping},
 booktitle = PLDI,
 year = {1991},
 doi = {10.1145/113446.113469},
}

@inproceedings{bracha96,
 author = {Gilad Bracha},
 title = {The {Strongtalk} Type System for {Smalltalk}},
 year = {1996},
 booktitle = {OOPSLA Workshop on Extending the Smalltalk Language} }

@inproceedings{ff-oopsla01,
  author    = {Robert Findler and
               Matthias Felleisen},
  title     = {Contract Soundness for Object-Oriented Languages},
  booktitle = OOPSLA,
  year      = {2001},
  doi  = {10.1145/504282.504283},
}

@inproceedings{ff-icfp02,
  author    = {Robert Findler and
               Matthias Felleisen},
  title     = {Contracts for higher-order functions},
  year      = {2002},
  doi  = {10.1145/581478.581484},
  booktitle     = ICFP,
}

@inproceedings{fff-ecoop04,
  author    = {Robert  Findler and
               Matthew Flatt and
               Matthias Felleisen},
  title     = {Semantic Casts: Contracts and Structural Subtyping in a
               Nominal World},
  year      = {2004},
  doi={10.1007/978-3-540-24851-4_17},
  booktitle = ECOOP }

@inproceedings{tf-popl08,
  author    = {Sam Tobin-Hochstadt and
               Matthias Felleisen},
  title     = {The design and implementation of typed {Scheme}},
  year      = {2008},
  doi = {10.1145/1328438.1328486},
  booktitle     = POPL }

@inproceedings{siek14,
 author = {Vitousek, Michael and Kent, Andrew
           and Siek, Jeremy  and Baker, Jim},
 title = {Design and Evaluation of Gradual Typing for {P}ython},
 booktitle = DLS,
 year = {2014},
 doi = {10.1145/2661088.2661101},
}

@article{Gapeyev:2002,
    author = {Vladimir Gapeyev and Michael Levin and Benjamin Pierce},
    title = {Recursive Subtyping Revealed},
    journal = {Journal of Functional Programming},
    year = {2002},
    volume = {12},
    number = {6},
    pages = {511-548},
    doi = {10.1017/S0956796802004318},
}

@article{FJ,
 author = {Atsushi Igarashi and Benjamin C. Pierce and Philip Wadler},
 title = {{F}eatherweight {J}ava: a minimal core calculus for {J}ava and
                  {GJ}},
 journal = {ACM Trans. Program. Lang. Syst.},
 volume = {23},
 number = {3},
 year = {2001},
 doi = {10.1145/503502.503505},
 }

@misc{crockford,
        Author = { Douglas Crockford},
     title = {Classical inheritance in {J}ava{S}cript},
howpublished = {\url{http://www.crockford.com/javascript/inheritance.html}}
}

@inproceedings{safe-typescript,
 author={Aseem Rastogi and Nikhil Swamy and Cedric Fournet and Gavin Bierman and Panagiotis Vekris},
 booktitle=POPL,
 title={Safe and Efficient Gradual Typing for {T}ype{S}cript},
 year=2015,
 doi={10.1145/2676726.2676971},
 }

@inproceedings{practical-gt,
  title={Towards practical gradual typing},
  author={Takikawa, Asumu and Feltey, Daniel and Dean, Earl and Flatt, Matthew and Findler, Robert  and Tobin-Hochstadt, Sam and Felleisen, Matthias},
  booktitle={???},
  volume={37},
  year={2015},
}

@inproceedings{bidir-typing,
  title={Complete and easy bidirectional typechecking for higher-rank polymorphism},
  author={Dunfield, Joshua and Krishnaswami, Neelakantan R},
  booktitle={????},
  year={2013},
}

@Misc{dart13,
title = "Dart Programming Language Specification",
author = "The Dart Team",
note = "\url{http://dartlang.org}",
year= 2016}

@misc{hack13,
title = "Hack",
author = "The Facebook Hack Team",
note = "\url{http://hacklang.org}",
year= 2016}

@article{GS13,
  author    = {Esteban Allende and
               Oscar Calla{\'{u}} and
               Johan Fabry and
               {\'{E}}ric Tanter and
               Marcus Denker},
  title     = {Gradual typing for Smalltalk},
  journal   = SCP,
  volume    = {96},
  year      = {2014},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.scico.2013.06.006},
}

@inproceedings{Borning82,
 author = {Borning, Alan H. and Ingalls, Daniel H. H.},
 title = {A type declaration and inference system for {S}malltalk},
 booktitle = POPL,
 year = {1982},
   doi = {10.1145/582153.582168},
 }

@inproceedings{Suzuki81,
 author = {Suzuki, Norihisa},
 title = {Inferring types in Smalltalk},
 booktitle = POPL,
 year = {1981},
 doi = {10.1145/567532.567553},
}

@inproceedings{noble08,
  author    = {Ewan D. Tempero and
               James Noble and
               Hayden Melton},
  title     = {How Do Java Programs Use Inheritance? An Empirical Study
               of Inheritance in Java Software},
  year      = {2008},
  booktitle = ECOOP}

@article{calder,
author = "Brad Calder and Dirk Grunwald and Benjamin Zorn",
title = "Quantifying Behavioral Differences Between C and C++ Programs",
journal = "Journal of Programming Languages",
vol = 2,
number = 4,
year = 1994}

@inproceedings{dong,
  author = "Dongseok Jang and Kwang-Moo Choe",
  title = "Points-to Analysis for {J}ava{S}cript",
  booktitle = "Symposium on Applied Computing (SAC)",
  year = 2009}

@inproceedings{gal09,
  author    = {Andreas Gal    and Brendan Eich and
               Mike Shaver    and David Anderson and
               David Mandelin and Mohammad R. Haghighat and
               Blake Kaplan   and Graydon Hoare and
               Boris Zbarsky  and  Jason Orendorff and
               Jesse Ruderman and Edwin W. Smith and
               Rick Reitmaier and Michael Bebenita and
               Mason Chang    and  Michael Franz},
  title     = {Trace-based just-in-time type specialization for dynamic
               languages},
  year      = {2009},
  booktitle     = PDLI}

@inproceedings{jensen09,
  author    = {Simon Holm Jensen and
               Anders M{\o}ller and
               Peter Thiemann},
  title     = {Type Analysis for {J}ava{S}cript},
  year      = {2009},
  booktitle     = {Static Analysis Symposium (SAS)}}

@inproceedings{thiemann05,
  author    = {Peter Thiemann},
  title     = {Towards a Type System for Analyzing {J}ava{S}cript Programs},
  year      = {2005},
  booktitle     = {European Symposium on Programming (ESOP)},
  doi = {10.1007/978-3-540-31987-0_28}}

@article{anderson05,
  author    = {Christopher Anderson and  Paola Giannini},
  title     = {Type Checking for {J}ava{S}cript},
  journal   = {Electr. Notes Theor. Comput. Sci.},
  volume    = {138},
  number    = {2},
  pages     = {37--58},
  Doi       = {10.1016/j.entcs.2005.09.010},
  year      = {2005}}

@PHDTHESIS{andersonphd,
school		= {Department of Computing, Imperial College London},
title		= {{Type Inference for {J}ava{S}cript}},
author		= {Anderson, Christopher},
month		= {March},
year		= {2006}}

@InProceedings{lerner09,
  title =	"Staged information flow for {J}ava{S}cript",
  author =	"Ravi Chugh and Jeffrey A. Meister and Ranjit Jhala and
		 Sorin Lerner",
  booktitle =	PLDI,
  year = 	"2009"}

inproceedings{shriram09,
  author    = {Arjun Guha and
               Shriram Krishnamurthi and
               Trevor Jim},
  title     = {Using static analysis for Ajax intrusion detection},
  year      = {2009},
  booktitle     = {International Conference on World Wide Web (WWW)}}}

@inproceedings{lively,
  author = {Daniel Ingalls and Krzysztof Palacz and Stephen Uhler
             and Antero Taivalsaari and Tommi Mikkonen},
  title = {The Lively Kernel A Self-supporting System on a Web Page.},
  booktitle = {Self-Sustaining Systems},
  year = {2008}}

@inproceedings{yu07,
  author    = {Dachuan Yu and
               Ajay Chander and
               Nayeem Islam and
               Igor Serikov},
  year = 2007,
  title     = {{J}ava{S}cript instrumentation for browser security},
  booktitle     = POPL}

@inproceedings{vigna07,
  author    = {Philipp Vogt and
               Florian Nentwich and
               Nenad Jovanovic and
               Engin Kirda and
               Christopher Kr{\"u}gel and
               Giovanni Vigna},
  title     = {Cross Site Scripting Prevention with Dynamic Data Tainting
               and Static Analysis},
  year = 2007,
  booktitle  = {Network and Distributed System Security
               Symposium (NDSS)}}

@inproceedings{maffeis09,
  author    = {Sergio Maffeis and
               John C. Mitchell and
               Ankur Taly},
  title     = {Isolating {J}ava{S}cript with Filters, Rewriting, and Wrappers},
  year      = {2009},
  booktitle = {European Symposium on Research in Computer Security (ESORICS)}}

@inproceedings{hop,
  author = "F. Loitsch and M. Serrano",
  title = "Hop Client-Side Compilation",
  booktitle = "Symposium on Trends on Functional Languages",
  year = 2007}

@phdthesis{sth10,
 title = {Typed {Scheme}: {From} Scripts to Programs},
 author = {Sam Tobin-Hochstadt },
 year = 2010,
 institution= {Northeastern University}
}

@inproceedings{SiekTaha07,
  title = {Gradual Typing for Objects},
  author = {Jeremy Siek and Walid Taha},
  booktitle =  ECOOP,
  year = {2007},
  doi = {10.1007/978-3-540-73589-2_2},
}

@Misc{WebKit,
  title = {{The WebKit Open Source Project}},
  author = {{The WebKit Team}},
  year =  {2009},
  note =  {\url{http://webkit.org/}}
}

@Misc{sunSpider,
  title = {{SunSpider {J}ava{S}cript Benchmark}},
  author = {{WebKit}},
  note =  {\url{http://www2.webkit.org/perf/sunspider-0.9/sunspider.html}}
}

@Misc{gmail,
  title = {{Gmail}},
  author = {{Google}},
  year =  {2009},
  note =  {\url{http://mail.google.com/}}
}

@Misc{facebook,
  title = {{Facebook}},
  author = {{Facebook}},
  year =  {2009},
  note =  {\url{http://www.facebook.com/}}
}

@Misc{livelyKernel,
  title = {{Lively Kernel}},
  author = {{Sun Labs}},
  year =  {2009},
  note =  {\url{http://research.sun.com/projects/lively/}}
}

@Misc{prototypeLib,
  title = {{The Prototype {J}ava{S}cript Framework}},
  author = {{The Prototype Core Team}},
  year =  {2006--2007},
  note =  {\url{http://www.prototypejs.org/}}
}

@Misc{nasa,
  title = {{NASA}},
  author = {{National Aeronautics and Space Agency}},
  note =  {\url{http://www.nasa.gov/}}
}

@Misc{basecamp,
  title = {{Basecamp}},
  author = {{37signals, LLC}},
  year =  {1999--2009},
  note =  {\url{http://basecamphq.com/}}
}

@Misc{amazon,
  title = {{amazon.com}},
  author = {{Amazon.com, Inc.}},
  year =  {1996--2009},
  note =  {\url{http://www.amazon.com/}}
}

@proceedings{Cop05,
  volume = {136},
  editor = {Mario Coppo and Ferruccio Damiani},
  title = {International Workshop on Intersection Types and Related Systems (ITRS)},
  tag = {ENTCS, volume 136, Elsevier},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  series = {ENTCS},
  year = {2005},
}

@article{CDC94,
  volume = {66},
  url = {http://www.di.unito.it/~dezani/papers/CDdL94.pdf},
  title = {{Combining Type Disciplines}},
  author = {F. Cardone and M. Dezani-Ciancaglini and U. de' Liguoro},
  year = {1994},
  pages = {197--230},
  journal = {Annals of Pure and Applied Logic},
}

@inproceedings{MYC03,
 author = {Mandelbaum,, Yitzhak and Walker,, David and Harper,, Robert},
 title = {An effective theory of type refinements},
 booktitle = {ICFP '03},
 year = {2003},
 isbn = {1-58113-756-7},
 pages = {213--225},
 location = {Uppsala, Sweden},
 doi = {10.1145/944705.944725},
 publisher = {ACM},
 address = {New York, NY, USA},
}

booktitle = {ICFP '03: Proceedings of the eighth ACM SIGPLAN international conference on Functional programming},

@article{depauw2002vej,
  title={{Visualizing the execution of {J}ava programs}},
  author={De Pauw, W. and Jensen, E. and Mitchell, N. and Sevitsky, G. and Vlissides, J. and Yang, J.},
  journal={Software Visualization},
  year={2002},
  publisher={Springer}
}

@conference{reiss2001ob,
  title={{An overview of BLOOM}},
  author={Reiss, S.P.},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the 2001 ACM SIGPLAN-SIGSOFT workshop on Program analysis for software tools and engineering},
  pages={2--5},
  year={2001},
  organization={ACM New York, NY, USA}
}

@conference{hamoulhadj2004ste,
  title={{A survey of trace exploration tools and techniques}},
  author={Hamou-Lhadj, A. and Lethbridge, T.C.},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the 2004 conference of the Centre for Advanced Studies on Collaborative research},
  pages={42--55},
  year={2004},
  organization={IBM Press}
}

@book{garret1994maa,
  title={{Measurement and application of dynamic receiver class distributions}},
  author={Garret, C.D. and Dean, J. and Grove, D. and Chambers, C.},
  year={1994},
  publisher={Univ of Washington}
}

@conference{holzle1994odd,
  title={{Optimizing dynamically-dispatched calls with run-time type feedback}},
  author={H{\"o}lzle, U. and Ungar, D.},
  booktitle= PLDI,
  pages={326--336},
  year={1994},
}

@inproceedings{thiemann09,
  title = "Recency Types for Dynamically-Typed, Object-Based Languages",
  author = "P Heidegger and P Thiemann",
  booktitle = "Foundations of Object Oriented Languages (FOOL)",
  year = 2009}

@inproceedings{hendren,
  author    = {Bruno Dufour and
               Karel Driesen and
               Laurie J. Hendren and
               Clark Verbrugge},
  title     = {Dynamic metrics for java},
  year      = {2003},
  booktitle = OOPSLA}

@inproceedings{IN06,
 author = {Atsushi Igarashi and Hideshi Nagira},
 title = {Union types for object-oriented programming},
 booktitle = {Symposium on Applied Computing (SAC)},
 year = {2006},
 doi = {10.1145/1141277.1141610},
 }

@article{Abadi91,
 author = {Mart\'{\i}n Abadi and Luca Cardelli and Benjamin Pierce and Gordon Plotkin},
 title = {Dynamic typing in a statically typed language},
 journal = {ACM Trans. Program. Lang. Syst.},
 volume = {13},
 number = {2},
 year = {1991},
 pages = {237--268},
 doi = {10.1145/103135.103138}}

@inproceedings{GrayFF05,
  author    = {Kathryn E. Gray and
               Robert Findler and
               Matthew Flatt},
  title     = {Fine-grained interoperability through mirrors and contracts},
  year      = {2005},
  booktitle = OOPSLA}
}

@inproceedings{typedlisp,
    author = {Robert Cartwright},
    booktitle = "International Colloquium on Automata,
               Languages and Programming (ICALP)",
    title = {User-Defined Data Types as an Aid to Verifying {LISP} Programs},
    year = {1976},
}

@inproceedings{softscheme,
 author = "{Andrew K.} Wright and Robert Cartwright",
 title = {A practical soft type system for {Scheme}},
 booktitle = {Conference on LISP and Functional programming},
 year = {1994},
}

@Misc{ObjC,
  author = 	 {Apple},
  title = 	 {The {Objective-C} 2.0 Programming Language},
  year = 	 {2009}
}

@inproceedings{Wadler09,
  author    = {Philip Wadler and Robert  Findler},
  title     = {Well-Typed Programs Can't Be Blamed},
  year      = {2009},
  booktitle = {European Symposium on Programming (ESOP)}}

@inproceedings{Siek09,
  author    = {Jeremy Siek and Ronald Garcia and Walid Taha},
  title     = {Exploring the Design Space of Higher-Order Casts},
  year      = {2009},
  booktitle = {European Symposium on Programming (ESOP)}}

@inproceedings{SW09,
  author    = {Jeremy Siek and Philip Wadler},
  title     = {Threesomes, With and Without Blame},
  year      = {2009},
  booktitle = {Script to Program Evolution (STOP)}}

@inproceedings{Ahmed09,
  author    = {Amal Ahmed and Robert Findler and Jacob Matthews and Philip Wadler},
  title     = {Blame for all},
  year      = {2009},
  booktitle = {Script to Program Evolution (STOP)}}

@TechReport{Hage09,
  title = "Soft Typing {PHP}",
  author = "Patrick Camphuijsen and Jurriaan Hage and Stefan Holdermans",
  year = 2009,
  institution = "Utrecht University"}

@inproceedings{Nystrom03,
  author    = {Sven-Olof Nystr{\"o}m},
  title     = {A soft-typing system for {Erlang}},
  booktitle = {Erlang Workshop},
  year      = {2003}}

@inproceedings{Furr09,
  author    = {Michael Furr and Jong-hoon  An and Jeffrey Foster
               and Michael Hicks},
  title     = {Static type inference for Ruby},
  year      = {2009},
  booktitle = {Symposium on Applied Computing (SAC)}}

@inproceedings{FurrAF2009,
 author = {Furr, Michael and An, Jong-hoon and Foster, Jeffrey},
 title = {Profile-guided static typing for dynamic scripting languages},
 booktitle = OOPSLA,
 year = {2009},
 doi = {10.1145/1640089.1640110},
}

@Misc{Boo,
  author = {Rodrigo Barreto de Oliveira},
  title = {{The Boo Programming Language}},
  year = {2009},
  XXXnote = {\url{http://boo.codehaus.org}},
}

@inproceedings{Modula3,
 author = {Cardelli,, L. and Donahue,, J. and Jordan,, M. and Kalsow,,
                  B. and Nelson,, G.},
 title = {The {M}odula--3 Type System},
 booktitle = POPL,
 year = {1989},
 }

@inproceedings {malayeriIntegrating08,
     author = {Donna Malayeri and Jonathan Aldrich},
     title = {Integrating Nominal and Structural Subtyping},
     booktitle = {European Conference on Object Oriented Programming (ECOOP)},
     year = 2008}

@misc {Whiteoak,
     author = {Joseph Gil and Itay Maman},
     title = {Whiteoak},
     XXXnote = {\url{http://whiteoak.sourceforge.net/}},
}

@book{BeckSmalltalkPractices,
 author = {Kent Beck},
 title = {Smalltalk: {B}est {P}ractice {P}atterns},
 year = {1997},
 publisher = {Prentice-Hall},
 }

@Misc{DS06,
  title = {An upcoming experimental feature: {A}ctive {P}atterns in {F}\#},
  author = {Don Syme},
  year = {2006}}

@Misc{PPM,
  title = {{P}luto---or how to make {Perl} juggle with billions},
  author = {Niclas Lundborg and Erwan Lemonnier},
  year = {2006},
  XXXnote = {\url{http://erwan.lemonnier.se/talks/pluto.html}}}

@InProceedings{DS84,
  author = {L. Peter Deutsch and Alan Schiffman},
  title = {{E}fficient Implementation of the {S}malltalk-80 System},
  booktitle = POPL,
  year = {1984},
}

@InProceedings{Ayc00,
  author = {John Aycock},
  title = {Aggressive Type Inference},
  booktitle = {International Python Conference},
  year = {2000}}

@InProceedings{PythonAintDynamic,
  author = {Alex Holkner and James Harland},
  title = {Evaluating the Dynamic Behaviour of {P}ython Applications},
  booktitle = { Australasian Computer Science Conference (ACSC)},
  pages={19--28},
  year = {2009}}

@InProceedings{OptionTypes,
  author = {Burak Emir and Martin Odersky and John Williams},
  title = {Matching Objects with Patterns},
  booktitle = {European Conference on Object Oriented Programming (ECOOP)},
  year = {2007}}

@InProceedings{AXE,
  booktitle = {Workshop on Formal Design of Safety Critical Embedded Systems},
  title = {Four-fold Increase in Productivity and Quality},
  author = {Ulf Wiger},
  year = {2001},
  XXXnote = {\url{http://www.erlang.se/publications/Ulf_Wiger.pdf}}
}

@Misc{JW06,
  author = {John Williams},
  month = {April},
  year = {2006},
  XXXnote = {\url{http://article.gmane.org/gmane.comp.lang.scala/1993}}
}

@InProceedings{TypePlug,
  author = {Niklaus Haldiman and Marcus Denker and Oscar Nierstrasz},
  title = {Practical, Pluggable Types for a Dynamic Language},
  booktitle = {International Conference on Dynamic Languages},
  year = {2009}}

@InProceedings{CHAGN07,
  author = {Jeremy Condit and Matthew Harren and Zachary Anderson and David
                  Gay and George Necula},
  title = {{D}ependent {T}ypes for {L}ow-Level {P}rogramming},
  booktitle = {European Symposium on Programming (ESOP)},
  year = {2007}
}

@mastersthesis{And07,
    Author = {Zachary Ryan Anderson},
    Title = {{S}tatic {A}nalysis of {C} for {H}ybrid {T}ype {C}hecking},
    School = {EECS Department, University of California, Berkeley},
    Year = {2007},
    Number = {UCB/EECS-2007-1}
}

@inproceedings{PACPE08,
   author = {Matthew M. Papi and Mahmood Ali and Telmo Luis Correa Jr.
	and Jeff H. Perkins and Michael D. Ernst},
   title = {Practical pluggable types for {J}ava},
   booktitle = {International Symposium on Software Testing and Analysis},
   year = {2008}}

@inproceedings{SoftTyping,
 author = {Robert Cartwright and Mike Fagan},
 title = {{S}oft {T}yping},
 booktitle = PLDI,
 year = {1991}}

@article{Perl6,
 author = {Audrey Tang},
 title = {Perl 6: reconciling the irreconcilable},
 journal = {?????},
 volume = {42},
 number = {1},
 year = {2007}}

@Misc{SchemeNote,
  author = {Daniel P. Friedman and Christopher T Haynes and Eugene
                  Kohlbecker and Mitchell Wand},
  title = {A Guide to the Metaphysical Universe},
  year = {ca 1984}}

@inproceedings{SV08,
 author = {Jeremy  Siek and Manish Vachharajani},
 title = {Gradual typing with unification-based inference},
 booktitle = DLS,
 year = {2008}}

@inproceedings{JUSTII,
title = {Type inference for polymorphic methods in {J}ava-like languages},
author = {Davide Ancona and Giovanni Lagorio and Elena Zucca},
booktitle = {ICTCS},
year = {2007}}

@article{JUST,
title = {Just: Safe Unknown Types in {Java}-like Languages},
author = {Giovanni Lagorio and Elena Zucca},
journal = {Journal of Object Technology},
number = {2},
volume = {6},
year = {2007}}

@article{drossopoulou:babyj,
  title = {{BabyJ}: From Object Based to Class Based Programming via Types},
  author = {Christopher Anderson and Sophia Drossopoulou},
  journal = {Electr. Notes in Theor. Comput. Sci.},
  number = {7},
  volume = {82},
  doi={10.1016/S1571-0661(04)80802-8},
  year = {2003}}

@techreport{siek13XX,
  title = {Gradual Typing for Mutable Objects},
  author = { Jeremy Siek and Michael  Vitousek and Shashank Bharadwaj},
  institution = {Indiana University},
 ee = {http://ecee.colorado.edu/~siek/gtmo.pdf},
  year = {2013}}

@book{TDD,
 author = {Kent Beck},
 title = {Test Driven Development: By Example},
 year = {2002},
 publisher = {Addison-Wesley}}

@TechReport{Cecil,
  title = {The {C}ecil Language: Specification \& Rationale},
  author = {Craig Chambers and {the Cecil Group}},
  institution = {University of Washington},
  year = {2004}}

@inproceedings{Fla06,
 author = {Cormac Flanagan},
 title = {Hybrid type checking},
 booktitle = POPL,
 year = {2006}}

@TechReport{Sage,
  author = {Kenneth Knowles and Aaron Tomb and Jessica Gronski and Stephen
                  N. Freund and Cormac Flanagan},
  title = {Sage: Unified Hybrid Checking for First-Class Types, General
                  Refinement Types, and Dynamic},
  institution = {University of California, Santa Cruz},
  year = {2006}}

@Misc{PythonSuccessStory,
  author = {Walter D{\"o}rwald and Alois Kastner-Maresch},
  title = {{XIST}: {A}n {XML} {T}ransformation {E}ngine {W}ritten in
                  {P}ython},
  XXXnote = {\url{http://www.python.org/about/success/xist/}}}

@Misc{JSON,
  key = {JSON},
  title = {Introducing {JSON}},
  note = {\url{http://www.json.org/}}
}

@Misc{clojure,
  key = {Clojure},
  title = {{C}lojure},
  note = {\url{http://clojure.org/}}}

@Misc{kawa,
  key = {Kawa},
  title = {The {K}awa language framework},
  note = {\url{http://www.gnu.org/software/kawa}}}

@Misc{jython,
  key = {Jython},
  title = {{T}he {J}ython {P}roject},
  note = {\url{http://www.jython.org/}}}

@Misc{jruby,
  key = {{JR}uby},
  title = {{J}ava powered {R}uby implementation},
  note = {\url{http://jruby.codehaus.org/}}}

@Book{Python,
  editor = {Guido van Rossum and Fred L. Drake Jr.},
  title = {{T}he {P}ython {L}anguage {R}eference {M}anual (version 2.5)},
  publisher = {Network Theory Ltd},
  year = {2006}}

@Book{Tcl,
  editor = {John K. Ousterhout},
  title = {{T}cl and the {T}k {T}oolkit},
  publisher = {Addison-Wesley Professional},
  year = {1994},
}

@Book{Groovy,
  editor = {Kenneth Barclay and John Savage},
  title = {{G}roovy {P}rogramming},
  publisher = {Morgan Kaufmann},
  year = {2006},
}

@inproceedings{Lua,
 author = {Roberto Ierusalimschy and Luiz Henrique de Figueiredo and
                  Waldemar Celes},
 title = {The evolution of {Lua}},
 booktitle = {Conference on History of programming languages (HOPL)},
 year = {2007},
 }

@book{Haskell,
	author = {Jones, Simon P. },
	publisher = {{Cambridge University Press}},
	title = {{H}askell 98 {L}anguage and {L}ibraries: {T}he {R}evised
                  {R}eport},
	year = {2003}
}

@book{SML,
        Address = {Cambridge, MA},
        Author = {Milner, Robin and Tofte, Mads and Harper, Robert},
        Key = {milner90},
        Publisher = {MIT Press},
        Title = {{T}he {D}efinition of {S}tandard {ML}},
        Year = 1990
}

@InProceedings{FCA,
  author = {Kim Mens and Tom Tourw{\'e}},
  title = {Conceptual Code Mining---Mining for Source-Code Regularities with
                  Formal Concept Analysis},
  booktitle = {12th ESUG Smalltalk Conference},
  year = {2004},
}

@Misc{Shootout,
  key = {Computer Language Benchmarks Game, The},
  title = {{T}he {C}omputer {L}anguage {B}enchmarks {G}ame},
  note = {\url{http://shootout.alioth.debian.org/}}
}

@article{FJ,
 author = {Atsushi Igarashi and Benjamin C. Pierce and Philip Wadler},
 title = {{F}eatherweight {J}ava: a minimal core calculus for {J}ava and
                  {GJ}},
 journal = {ACM Trans. Program. Lang. Syst.},
 volume = {23},
 number = {3},
 year = {2001}}

@article{IgarashiUnionTypes,
  author = {Atsushi Igarashi and
               Hideshi Nagira},
  title = {{U}nion {T}ypes for {O}bject-{O}riented {P}rogramming},
  journal = {Journal of Object Technology},
  volume = {6},
  number = {2},
  year = {2007},
}

@Misc{ActionScript3,
  author = {Adobe Systems Inc.},
  title = {{A}ction{S}cript 3.0 {L}anguage and {C}omponents {R}eference},
  year = {2008},
  XXXnote = {\url{http://livedocs.adobe.com/flash/9.0/ActionScriptLangRefV3/}}
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Herman07,
    author = {David Herman and Aaron Tomb and Cormac Flanagan},
    title = {Space-Efficient Gradual Typing},
    booktitle = {In Trends in Functional Programming (TFP)},
    year = {2007}
}

@Misc{ECMAScript4,
  author = {{ECMA-262 Group}},
  title = {Proposed {ECMAS}cript 4th Edition---Language Overview},
  year = {2007}}

@InProceedings{MD04,
  author = {Erik Meijer and Peter Drayton},
  title = {{S}tatic {T}yping {W}here {P}ossible, {D}ynamic {T}yping {W}hen
                  {N}eeded: {T}he {E}nd of the {C}old {W}ar {B}etween
                  {P}rogramming {L}anguages},
  booktitle = {In Workshop on Revival of Dynamic Language co-located with
                  OOPSLA 2004},
  year = {2004},
}

@inproceedings{SBD04,
 author = {Nathanael Sch\"{a}rli and Andrew P. Black and St\'{e}phane
                  Ducasse},
 title = {Object-{O}riented {E}ncapsulation for {D}ynamically {T}yped
                  {L}anguages},
 booktitle = OOPSLA,
 year = {2004}}

@book{PickAxe,
title = {{P}rogramming {R}uby: {T}he {P}ragmatic {P}rogrammer's {G}uide},
author = {David Thomas and Andrew Hunt},
edition = {2},
publisher = { The Pragmatic Programmers, LLC.},
url = {http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=357816},
year = {2005},
description = {Programming Ruby},
}

@article{Pre00,
 author = {Lutz Prechelt},
 title = {{A}n {E}mpirical {C}omparison of {S}even {P}rogramming
                  {L}anguages},
 journal = {Computer},
 volume = {33},
 number = {10},
 year = {2000},
 }

@article{Ous98,
 author = {John K. Ousterhout},
 title = {{S}cripting: {H}igher-{L}evel {P}rogramming for the 21st
                  {C}entury},
 journal = {Computer},
 volume = {31},
 number = {3},
 year = {1998} }

@inproceedings{StructuralTyping,
 author = {Luca Cardelli},
 title = {{S}tructural {S}ubtyping and the {N}otion of {P}ower {T}ype},
 booktitle = POPL,
 year = {1988} }

@ARTICLE{CW85,
    author = {Luca Cardelli and Peter Wegner},
    title = {{O}n {U}nderstanding {T}ypes, {D}ata {A}bstraction, and
                  {P}olymorphism},
    journal = {ACM Computing Surveys},
    year = {1985},
    volume = {17}}

@Article{Car91,
  author = {Luca Cardelli},
  title = {{T}ypeful {P}rogramming},
  journal = {Formal Description of Programming Concepts},
  year = {1991}}

@book{TAPL,
 author = {Benjamin C. Pierce},
 title = {{T}ypes and {P}rogramming {L}anguages},
 year = {2002} }

@Article{Eckel03,
  author = {Bruce Eckel},
  title = {{S}trong {T}yping vs. {S}trong {T}esting},
  journal = {\url{http://www.mindview.net/WebLog/log-0025}},
  year = {2003}}

@article{MD04,
 author = {Erik Meijer and Peter Drayton},
 title = {Static typing where possible, dynamic typing when needed: {T}he
                  end of the cold war between programming languages},
 year = {2004},
 journal = {OOPSLA04, Workshop on Revival of Dynamic Languages},
 }

@article{Ous98,
 author = {J. K. Ousterhout},
 title = {Scripting: Higher-Level Programming for the 21st Century},
 year = {1998},
 journal = {Computer, 31(3):23 30},
 }

@Article{Pre00,
  author = {Lutz Prechelt},
  title = {An Empirical Comparison of Seven Programming Languages},
  journal = {IEEE Computer},
  year = {2000},
}

@Article{Pre99,
  author = {Lutz Prechelt},
  title = {Comparing {J}ava vs. {C}/{C}++ Efficiency Differences to
            Interpersonal Differences},
  journal = {Communications of the ACM},
  year = {1999},
  volume = {42},
  number = {10}}

@article{ACPP91,
  author = {Mart\'{\i}n Abadi and Luca Cardelli and Benjamin Pierce and
                  Gordon Plotkin},
  title = {{D}ynamic {T}yping in a {S}tatically {T}yped {L}anguage},
  journal = {ACM TOPLAS},
  volume = {13},
  number = {2},
  year = {1991} }

@INPROCEEDINGS{Arm97,
    author = {Joe Armstrong and Ericsson Telecom Ab},
    title = {The development of {E}rlang},
    booktitle = {International Conference on Functional Programming},
    year = {1997}}

@INPROCEEDINGS{AM91,
    author = {Alexander Aiken and Brian R. Murphy},
    title = {Static type inference in a dynamically typed language},
    booktitle = POPL,
    year = {1991}}

@book{Perl,
  title = {{P}rogramming {P}erl},
  author = "Larry Wall and Tom Christiansen and Jon Orwant",
  edition = "3rd",
  publisher = "O'Reilly",
  year = 2000
}

@Misc{erlang,
  title = {Erlang Reference Manual},
  howpublished = {\url{http://erlang.org/doc/}},
  year = 2008,
}

@TechReport{Scala,
    author = {Martin Odersky and Philippe Altherr and Vincent Cremet and
                  Iulian Dragos Gilles Dubochet and Burak Emir and Sean
                  McDirmid and Stéphane Micheloud and Nikolay Mihaylov and
                  Michel Schinz and Erik Stenman and Lex Spoon and Matthias
                  Zenger},
    title = {An Overview of the {S}cala Programming Language},
  institution = {\'Ecole Polytechnique F\'ed\'erale de Lausanne },
    year = {2006}
}

@MISC{OCaml,
    author = {Xavier Leroy and Damien Doligez and Jacques Garrigue and
                  Didier Rémy and Jérôme Vouillon},
    title = {The {Objective Caml} System, release 3.11.},
    note = {http://caml.inria.fr/pub/docs/manual-ocaml/},
    year = {2004}}

@Misc{PerlAtPPM,
 author = {Ed Stephenson},
 title = {{P}erl {R}uns {S}weden's {P}ension {S}ystem},
 howpublished = {O'Reilly Media},
 year = {2001},
}

@Book{Rails,
 author = {Dave Thomas and David Heinemeier Hansson},
 title = {Agile Web Development with Rails},
 publisher = {Pragmatic Programmers LLC},
 year = {2006}}

@Misc{Pwyky,
  author = {Sean B. Palmer},
  title = {Pwyky ({A} {P}ython {W}iki)},
  XXXnote = {\url{http://infomesh.net/pwyky/}}}

@Misc{Bigloo,
  author = {Manuel Serrano},
  title = {Bigloo---A ``practical {Scheme} compiler''},
  note = {2008}}

@InProceedings{Bigloo2,
  author = {Yannis Bres and Bernard Paul Serpette and Manuel Serrano},
  title = {Compiling Scheme programs to.NET Common Intermediate Language},
  booktitle = {2nd International Workshop on .NET Technologies},
  year = {2004}}

@TechReport{Vortex,
  author = {Craig Chambers and Jeffrey Dean and David Grove},
  title = {Whole-Program Optimization of Object-Oriented Languages},
  institution = {University of Washington},
  year = {1996}}

@article{CLOS,
 author = {Daniel G. Bobrow and Linda G. DeMichiel and Richard P. Gabriel
                  and Sonya E. Keene and Gregor Kiczales and David A. Moon},
 title = {Common Lisp Object System specification},
 journal = {SIGPLAN Not.},
 volume = {23},
 year = {1988}}

 @inproceedings{jensen-issta-2012,
     title = "Remedying the Eval that Men Do",
     author = "Simon Holm Jensen and Peter A. Jonsson and Anders M{\o}ller",
     year = "2012",
     booktitle = "International Symposium on Software Testing and Analysis" }

@InProceedings{PERC,
  title =	"Use of {PERC} Pico in the {AIDA} avionics platform",
  author =	"Tobias Schoofs and Eric Jenn and St{\'e}phane Leriche
		 and Kelvin Nilsen and Ludovic Gauthier and Marc
		 Richard-Foy",
  booktitle =	"International Workshop on Java
		 Technologies for Real-Time and Embedded Systems (JTRES)",
  year = 	"2009",
  pages =	"169--178"}

@inproceedings{puff08a,
  author = {Wolfgang Puffitsch and Martin Schoeberl},
  title = {Non-Blocking Root Scanning for Real-Time Garbage Collection},
  booktitle = {International Workshop on Java Technologies for Real-Time and Embedded Systems (JTRES)},
  year = 2008}

@Book{bruno,
  author = "Eric Bruno and Greg Bollella",
  title = "Real-Time {Java} Programming: With {Java RTS}",
  Publisher = {Addison-Wesley},
  year = 2009}

@inproceedings{jamaica01,
  author    = {Fridtjof Siebert and
               Andy Walter},
  title   = {Deterministic Execution of {Java's} Primitive Bytecode Operations},
  booktitle = {Java Virtual Machine Research and Technology Symposium (JVM)},
  year      = {2001}}

@inproceedings{pauseless,
  author    = {Cliff Click and
               Gil Tene and
               Michael Wolf},
  title     = {The pauseless {GC} algorithm},
  year      = {2005},
  pages     = {46-56},
 booktitle = {International Conference on Virtual Execution Environments (VEE)}}

@InProceedings{PERC,
  title =	"Use of {PERC} Pico in the {AIDA} avionics platform",
  author =	"Tobias Schoofs and Eric Jenn and St{\'e}phane Leriche
		 and Kelvin Nilsen and Ludovic Gauthier and Marc
		 Richard-Foy",
  booktitle =	"International Workshop on Java
		 Technologies for Real-Time and Embedded Systems (JTRES)",
  year = 	"2009",
  pages =	"169--178"}

@article{Nilsen88,
	Author = {Kelvin Nilsen},
	Journal = {Software, Practice \& Experience},
	Number = {7},
	Pages = {613-640},
	Title = {Garbage Collection of Strings and Linked Data Structured in Real Time},
	Volume = {18},
	Year = {1988}}

@inproceedings{cfa,
 author = {Olin Shivers},
 title = {Control flow analysis in scheme},
 booktitle = PLDI,
 year = {1988}}

@inproceedings{friendorfoe,
  author    = {Stephen Blackburn and  Antony Hosking},
  title     = {Barriers: friend or foe?},
  year      = {2004},
  pages     = {143-151},
  booktitle     = {International Symposium on Memory Management (ISMM)}}

@inproceedings{immix,
  author    = {Stephen M. Blackburn and  Kathryn S. McKinley},
  title     = {Immix: a mark-region garbage collector with space efficiency,
               fast collection, and mutator performance},
  year      = {2008},
  booktitle  = PLDI}

@article{harissa,
  author    = {Gilles Muller and Ulrik Pagh Schultz},
  title     = {Harissa: A Hybrid Approach to {Java} Execution},
  journal   = {IEEE Software},
  volume    = {16},
  number    = {2},
  year      = {1999}}

@article{Baker92c,
  author    = {Henry G. Baker},
  title     = {The treadmill: real-time garbage collection without motion
               sickness},
  journal   = {SIGPLAN Notices},
  volume    = {27},
  number    = {3},
  year      = {1992},
  pages     = {66-70}}

@inproceedings{generationalrtgc,
  author    = {Daniel Frampton and
               David F. Bacon and
               Perry Cheng and
               David Grove},
  title     = {Generational Real-Time Garbage Collection},
  year      = {2007},
  pages     = {101-125},
  title     = {Proceedings of the European Conference
               on Object-Oriented Programming}}

@inproceedings{syncopation,
  author    = {David F. Bacon and
               Perry Cheng and
               David Grove and
               Martin T. Vechev},
  title     = {Syncopation: generational real-time garbage collection in
               the metronome},
  pages     = {183-192},
  booktitle = {Conference on Languages, Compilers, and Tools for Embedded Systems (LCTES)},
  year      = {2005}}

@string{acmcs = {ACM Computing Surveys}}

@string{acmms = {ACM Multimedia Systems}}

@string{acmtis = {ACM Transactions on Information Systems}}

@string{acmtocs = {ACM Transactions on Computer Systems}}

@string{acmtods = {ACM Transactions on Database Systems}}

@string{acmtog = {ACM Transactions on Graphics}}

@string{acmtois = {ACM Transactions on Office Information Systems}}

@string{acmtoplas = {ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems}}

@string{acmtosem = {ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology}}

@string{acta = {Acta Informatica}}

@string{anderson = {Kenneth~R. Anderson}}

@string{asa1ma3 = {First International Symposium on Agent Systems and Applications                    and Third International Symposium on Mobile Agents (ASA/MA'99)}}

@string{ase = {Annals of Software Engineering}}

@string{ashley = {J.~Michael Ashley}}

@string{asplos = {Proceedings of the ACM International Conference on     Architectural Support for Programming Languages and     Operating Systems}}

@string{autose = {Automated Software Engineering}}

@string{cacm = {Communications of the {ACM}}}

@string{cc = {Conference on Compiler Construction}}

@string{cpe = {Concurrency---Practice and Experience}}

@string{cs = {Computing Surveys}}

@string{dimock = {Allyn Dimock}}

@string{dke = {Data and Knowledge Engineering}}

@string{dse = {Distributed Software Engineering}}

@string{edbt = {Proceedings of the International Conference on Extending     Database Technology}}

@string{esop = {European Symposium on Programming}}

@string{fac = {Formal Aspects of Computing}}

@string{focs = {Symposium on the Foundations of Computer Science}}

@string{fpca = {Proceedings of the ACM International Conference on Functional                   Programming Languages and Computer Architecture}}

@string{fse11 = {Proceedings of FSE 03: 11th ACM SIGSOFT International                   Symposium on the Foundations of Software Engineering}}

@string{gc = {Proceedings of the OOPSLA Workshop on Memory Management and                Garbage Collection}}

@string{grande = {Proceedings of the ACM Java Grande Conference}}

@string{hpca = {Proceedings of the International Symposium on High Performance Computer Architecture}}

@string{hpdc6 = {Proc. 6th IEEE Symp. on High Performance Distributed    Computing}}

@string{hpdc8 = {Proc. 8th IEEE Symp. on High Performance Distributed    Computing}}

@string{ic = {Information and Computation}}

@string{iccl = {International Conference on Computer Languages}}

@string{icde = {Proceedings of the International Conference on Data     Engineering}}

@string{icfp = {Proceedings of the ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Functional Programming}}

@string{icse = {{IEEE}~International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE)}}

@string{icse23 = {Proceedings of  23rd International Conference on Software Engineering}}

@string{ieee = {IEEE}}

@string{ieeecon = {IEEE Concurrency}}

@string{ieeecse = {IEEE Computational Science and Engineering}}

@string{ieeekde = {IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering}}

@string{ismm = {International Symposium on Memory      Management}}

@string{iwaco = {International Workshop on Aliasing, Confinement and Ownership {(IWACO)}}}

@string{iwmm = {Proceedings of the International Workshop on Memory     Management}}

@string{iwpos9 = {Proceedings of the Ninth International Workshop on                    Persistent Object Systems}}

@string{jacm = {Journal of the {ACM}}}

@string{jadm = {{SIAM} Journal on Algebraic and Discrete Methods}}

@string{jcs = {Journal of Computer Security}}

@string{jfp = {Journal of Functional Programming}}

@string{jlp = {Journal of Logic Programming}}

@string{joop = {Journal of Object-Oriented Programming}}

@string{jsc = {Journal of Symbolic Computation}}

@string{lics = {Symposium on Logic in Computer Science}}

@string{ma5 = {Mobile Agents--- Proceedings of the 5th International Conference, MA 2001}}

@string{osdi = {Proceedings of the {USENIX} Symposium on Operating Systems     Design and Implementation}}

@string{osr = {ACM Operating Systems Review}}

@string{plilp = {International Symposium on Programming Language Implementation and Logic Programming}}

@string{pos = {Proceedings of the International Workshop on Persistent Object     Systems}}

@string{tools = {Proceedings of International Conference                 on Technology of Object-Oriented Languages and Systems}}

@string{toplas = {{ACM} Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems}}

@string{tose = {{IEEE} Transactions on Software Engineering}}

@string{tosem = {{ACM} Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology}}

@string{vldb = {Proceedings of the International Conference on Very Large Data Bases}}

@string{vldbj = {International Journal on Very Large Data Bases}}

@string{vls = {{IEEE} Symposium on Visual Languages}}

@phdthesis{bacon,
	Author = {David Bacon},
	School = {University of California, Berkeley},
	Title = {Fast and Effective Optimization of Statically Typed Object-Oriented Languages},
	Year = 1997}

@article{Baker92c,
	Author = {Henry G. Baker},
	Journal = {SIGPLAN Notices},
	Number = {3},
	Pages = {66-70},
	Title = {The treadmill: real-time garbage collection without motion sickness},
	Volume = {27},
	Year = {1992}}

@inproceedings{generationalrtgc,
	Author = {Daniel Frampton and David F. Bacon and Perry Cheng and David Grove},
	Pages = {101-125},
	Title = {Proceedings of the European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming},
	Year = {2007}}

@inproceedings{syncopation,
	Author = {David F. Bacon and Perry Cheng and David Grove and Martin T. Vechev},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the ACM SIGPLAN/SIGBED Conference on Languages, Compilers, and Tools for Embedded Systems (LCTES)},
	Pages = {183-192},
	Title = {Syncopation: generational real-time garbage collection in the metronome},
	Year = {2005}}

@misc{jsr302,
	Author = {{JSR 302}},
	Title = {Safety Critical {Java} Technology},
	Year = 2007}

@inproceedings{auerbach07b,
	Author = {Joshua Auerbach and David F. Bacon and Bob Blainey and Perry Cheng and Michael Dawson and Mike Fulton and David Grove and Darren Hart and Mark Stoodley},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the 7th ACM \& IEEE international conference on Embedded software (EMSOFT)},
	Doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1289927.1289967},
	Location = {Salzburg, Austria},
	Pages = {249--258},
	Title = {Design and implementation of a comprehensive real-time {Java} virtual machine},
	Year = {2007}}

@techreport{regjava,
	Author = {Morten V. Christiansen and Fritz Henglein and Henning Niss and Per Velschow},
	Institution = {DIKU, University of Copenhagen},
	Title = {Safe region-based memory management for objects},
	Year = 1998}

@inproceedings{cheng01,
	Author = {Perry Cheng and Guy E. Blelloch},
	Booktitle = PLDI,
	Doi = {10.1145/378795.378823},
	Title = {A parallel, real-time garbage collector},
	Year = {2001}}

@article{Nilsen88,
	Author = {Kelvin D. Nilsen},
	Bibsource = {DBLP, http://dblp.uni-trier.de},
	Journal = {Software, Practice \& Experience},
	Number = {7},
	Pages = {613-640},
	Title = {Garbage Collection of Strings and Linked Data Structured in Real Time},
	Volume = {18},
	Year = {1988}}

@inproceedings{bollella03,
	Author = {Greg Bollella and Tim Canham and Vanessa Carson and Virgil
                  Champlin and Daniel Dvorak and Brian Giovannoni and Mark
                  Indictor and Kenny Meyer and Alex Murray and Kirk
                  Reinholtz},
	Booktitle = {Companion of the 18th annual ACM SIGPLAN conference on Object-oriented programming, systems, languages, and applications},
	Doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/949344.949443},
	Location = {Anaheim, CA, USA},
	Pages = {361--369},
	Title = {Programming with non-heap memory in the Real-time specification for {Java}},
	Year = {2003}}

@inproceedings{BenowitzN03,
	Author = {Edward G. Benowitz and Albert F. Niessner},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the International workshop on Java technologies for real-time and embedded systems (JTRES)},
	Ee = {http://springerlink.metapress.com/openurl.asp?genre=article{\&}issn=0302-9743{\&}volume=2889{\&}spage=490},
	Pages = {490-496},
	Title = {Experiences in Adopting Real-Time Java for Flight-Like Software},
	Year = {2003}}

@inproceedings{NiessnerB03,
	Author = {Albert F. Niessner and Edward G. Benowitz},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the International workshop on Java technologies for real-time and embedded systems (JTRES)},
	Ee = {http://springerlink.metapress.com/openurl.asp?genre=article{\&}issn=0302-9743{\&}volume=2889{\&}spage=508},
	Pages = {508-519},
	Title = {RTSJ Memory Areas and Their Affects on the Performance of a Flight-Like Attitude Control System},
	Year = {2003}}

@inproceedings{mackinak,
	Author = {Greg Bollella and Bertrand Delsart and Romain Guider and Christophe Lizzi and Frederic Parain},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the Eighth IEEE International Symposium on Object-Oriented Real-Time Distributed Computing (ISORC'05)},
	Doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ISORC.2005.31},
	Pages = {45--54},
	Title = {Mackinac: Making HotSpot Real-Time},
	Year = {2005}}

@inproceedings{robertz07,
	Author = {Sven {Gestegard Robertz} and Roger Henriksson and Klas Nilsson and Anders Blomdell and Ivan Tarasov},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the 5th international workshop on Java technologies for real-time and embedded systems (JTRES)},
	Location = {Vienna, Austria},
	Pages = {104--110},
	Title = {Using Real-time {Java} for Industrial Robot Control},
	Year = {2007}}

@inproceedings{auerbach07a,
	Address = {Copenhagen, Denmark},
	Author = {Joshua Auerbach and David F. Bacon and Florian B\"{o}mers and Perry Cheng},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the International Computer Music Conference},
	Month = aug,
	Title = {Real-time Music Synthesis in {Java} using the {Metronome} Garbage Collector},
	Year = 2007}

@inproceedings{juillerat07,
	Address = {Copenhagen, Denmark},
	Author = {Nicolas Juillerat and Stefan {M\"uller Arisona} and Simon Schubiger-Banz},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the International Computer Music Conference},
	Month = aug,
	Title = {Real-time, low latency audio processing in Java},
	Year = 2007}

@book{meyers97,
	Author = {Scott Meyers},
	Publisher = {Addison-Wesley},
	Title = {More Effective {C++}},
	Year = 1997}

@book{milewski01,
	Author = {Bartosz Milewski},
	Publisher = {Addison-Wesley},
	Title = {{C++} In Action: Industrial-Strength Programming Techniques},
	Year = 2001}

@inproceedings{exotasks07,
	Address = {San Diego, CA},
	Author = {Joshua S. Auerbach and David F. Bacon and Daniel T. Iercan and Christoph M. Kirsch and V. T. Rajan and Harald Roeck and Rainer Trummer},
	Booktitle = {ACM SIGPLAN/SIGBED Conference on Languages, Compilers, and Tools for Embedded Systems (LCTES'07)},
	Pages = {51-62},
	Title = {Java takes flight: time-portable real-time programming with exotasks},
	Year = {2007}}

@inproceedings{sibertDFA06,
	Author = {Fridtjof Siebert},
	Booktitle = {4th International workshop on Java technologies for real-time and embedded systems (JTRes)},
	Location = {Paris, France},
	Pages = {152--161},
	Title = {Proving the absence of {RTSJ} related runtime errors through data flow analysis},
	Year = {2006}}

@article{baconRTGCintro07,
	Author = {David F. Bacon},
	Journal = {ACM Queue},
	Number = {1},
	Pages = {40-49},
	Title = {Realtime garbage collection},
	Volume = {5},
	Year = {2007}}

@misc{ddg1000,
	Author = {IBM},
	Title = {{DDG1000 Next Generation Navy Destroyers}, {\tt www.ibm.com/\-press/\-us/\-en/\-press\-release/\-21033\-.wss}},
	Year = 2007}

@inproceedings{Lang92,
	Author = {Bernard Lang and Christian Queinnec and Jos{\'e} M. Piquer},
	Crossref = {popl92},
	Pages = {39--50},
	Title = {Garbage Collecting the World}}

@inproceedings{JJ95,
	Author = {Niels Christian Juul and Eric Jul},
	Crossref = {iwmm95},
	Pages = {103--115},
	Title = {Comprehensive and Robust Garbage Collection in a Distributed System}}

@inproceedings{ML97b,
	Author = {Umesh Maheshwari and Barbara Liskov},
	Crossref = {sigmod97},
	Pages = {313--323},
	Title = {Partitioned Garbage Collection of a Large Object Store}}

@article{ML97a,
	Author = {Umesh Maheshwari and Barbara Liskov},
	Journal = {Distributed Computing},
	Number = 2,
	Pages = {79--86},
	Title = {Collecting Cyclic Distributed Garbage by Controlled Migration},
	Volume = 10,
	Year = 1997}

@proceedings{icde94,
	Booktitle = icde,
	City = {Houston, Texas},
	Date = feb,
	Key = {ICDE'94},
	Publisher = ieeecs,
	Title = icde,
	Year = 1994}

@misc{www:jrate,
	Author = {Angelo Corsaro},
	Howpublished = {http://tao.doc.wustl.edu/~corsaro/jRate/FAQ.html},
	Title = {{jRate} RTSJ Implementation},
	Year = 2004}

@misc{www:timesys,
	Author = {TimeSys Corporation},
	Howpublished = {http://www.timesys.com/},
	Title = {TimeSys RTSJ Reference Implementation},
	Year = 2004}

@misc{www:sunjavarts,
	Author = {{Sun Microsystems}},
	Title = {Sun Java Real-Time System, {\tt http://java.sun.com/javase/technologies/realtime/}},
	Year = 2008}

@inproceedings{abadi:1997:spi,
	Author = {M. Abadi and A. D. Gordon},
	Booktitle = {Fourth ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security},
	Pages = {36--47},
	Publisher = {{ACM} Press},
	Title = {A Calculus for Cryptographic Protocols: The {S}pi Calculus},
	Year = 1997}

@inproceedings{agesen:1997:type-parameterization,
	Author = {Ole Agesen and Stephen Freund and John Mitchell},
	Booktitle = oopsla,
	Title = {Adding Type Parameterization to Java},
	Year = 1997}

@book{aho:1986:dragon-book,
	Author = {Alfred V. Aho and Ravi Sethi and Jeffrey D. Ullman},
	Publisher = {Addison-{W}esley},
	Title = {Compilers: {P}rinciples, {T}echniques, and {T}ools},
	Year = {1986}}

@inproceedings{aldrich:2004:ownership-domains,
	Address = {Oslo, Norway},
	Author = {Jonathan Aldrich and Craig Chambers},
	Booktitle = ecoop,
	Publisher = sv,
	Title = {Ownership Domains: Separating Aliasing Policy from Mechanism},
	Year = 2004}

@phdthesis{almeida:1998:thesis,
	Author = {Paulo S{\'e}rgio Almeida},
	Month = {June},
	School = {Department of Computing, Imperial College},
	Title = {Control of Object Sharing in Programming Languages},
	Year = 1998}

@techreport{america:1990:spool,
	Author = {Pierre America and Frank {de Boer}},
	Institution = {Philips Research Laboratories},
	Number = {Technical Report 505},
	Title = {A sound and complete proof system for {SPOOL}},
	Year = 1990}

@inproceedings{baker:1990:unifyandconquer,
	Address = {Nice, France},
	Author = {Henry G. Baker},
	Booktitle = {Proc. 1990 {ACM} Conf. on Lisp and Functional Programming},
	Month = {June},
	Pages = {218-226},
	Title = {Unify and {C}onquer ({G}arbage, {U}pdating, {A}liasing, ...) in {F}unctional {L}anguages},
	Year = 1990}

@article{baker:1993:equal-rights,
	Author = {Henry G. Baker},
	Journal = {{OOPS} Messenger},
	Month = oct,
	Number = 4,
	Title = {Equal Rights for Functional Objects or, The More Things Change, The More They Are the Same},
	Volume = 4,
	Year = 1993}

@article{baker:1993:iterators,
	Author = {Henry G. Baker},
	Journal = {{OOPS} Messenger},
	Month = jul,
	Number = 3,
	Title = {Iterators: Signs of Weakness in Object-Oriented Languages},
	Volume = 4,
	Year = 1993}

@article{baker:1995:use-once,
	Author = {Henry G. Baker},
	Journal = sigplan,
	Month = jan,
	Number = 1,
	Title = {`{U}se-Once' Variables and Linear Objects -- Storage Management, Reflection and Multi-Threading},
	Volume = 30,
	Year = 1995}

@inproceedings{bancroft:1997:type-extension,
	Author = {Peter Bancroft and Ian Hayes},
	Booktitle = {Formal Methods Pacific '97},
	Month = {July},
	Title = {Type Extension and Refinement},
	Year = {1997}}

@unpublished{banerjee:2002:ownership-confinement,
	Author = {Anindya Banerjee and David A.~Naumann},
	Note = {Journal version of POPL 2002 paper, submitted.},
	Title = {Ownership Confinement Ensures Representation Independence for Object-Oriented Programs},
	Year = 2002}

@inproceedings{banerjee:2002:popl,
	Author = {Anindya Banerjee and David A.~Naumann},
	Booktitle = POPL,
	Pages = {166--177},
	Title = {Representation Independence, Confinement and Access Control},
	Year = 2002}

@article{barabasi:2000:power-law-www,
	Author = {Albert-Laszlo Barabasi and Reka Albert and Hawoong Jeong and Ginestra Bianconi},
	Journal = {Science},
	Note = {In technical comments},
	Number = {2115a},
	Title = {Power-Law Distribution of the World Wide Web},
	Volume = 287,
	Year = 2000}

@article{barabasi:2000:scale-free-www,
	Author = {Albert-Laszlo Barabasi and Reka Albert and Hawoong Jeong},
	Journal = {Physica A},
	Pages = {69-77},
	Title = {Scale-free characteristics of random networks: the topology of the world-wide web},
	Volume = 281,
	Year = 2000}

@book{barabasi:2002:linked,
	Author = {Albert-Laszlo Barabasi},
	Publisher = {New York: Perseus Press},
	Title = {Linked: The New Science of Networks},
	Year = 2002}

@inproceedings{barnett:2003:verification-of-oo-with-invariants,
	Address = {Darmstadt, Germany},
	Author = {Mike Barnett and Robert DeLine and Manuel Fahndrich and K. Rustan M. Leino and Wolfram Schulte},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the Workshop on Formal Techniques for Java-like Programs in European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming},
	Month = {July},
	Publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
	Title = {Verification of object-oriented programs with invariants},
	Year = 2003}

@unpublished{beck:www:scalefreexp,
	Author = {Kent Beck},
	Note = {http://groups.yahoo.com/group/extremeprogramming/files/scale free.pdf},
	Title = {Scale-Free Extreme Programming}}

@techreport{bierman:2003:mj,
	Author = {G.M. Bierman and M.J. Parkinson and A.M. Pitts},
	Institution = {University of Cambridge Computer Laboratory},
	Month = apr,
	Number = 563,
	Title = {An Imperative Core Calculus for Java and Java with Effects},
	Year = 2003}

@book{booch:1991:oo-design-with-applications,
	Author = {Grady Booch},
	Publisher = {The Benjamin/Cummings Publishing Company},
	Title = {Object-oriented design with applications},
	Year = 1991}

@article{borning:1981:tl,
	Author = {Alan Borning},
	Journal = toplas,
	Month = oct,
	Number = 4,
	Title = {The Programming Language Aspects of {ThingLab}, a Constraint-Oriented Simulation Laboratory},
	Volume = 3,
	Year = 1981}

@inproceedings{boyapati:2001:oopsla,
	Author = {Chandrasekhar Boyapati and Martin Rinard},
	Booktitle = oopsla,
	Title = {A Parameterized Type System for Race-Free {J}ava Programs},
	Year = {2001}}

@inproceedings{boyapati:2002:oopsla,
	Author = {Chandrasekhar Boyapati and Robert Lee and Martin Rinard},
	Booktitle = oopsla,
	Month = {November},
	Title = {Ownership Types for Safe Programming: Preventing Data Races and Deadlocks},
	Year = 2002}

@incollection{boyapati:2003:iwaco,
	Author = {Chandrasekhar Boyapati and Robert Lee and Martin Rinard},
	Booktitle = iwaco,
	Editor = {Dave Clarke},
	Month = {July},
	Pages = {1 -- 14},
	Publisher = {Utrecht University},
	Title = {Safe Runtime Downcasts with Ownership Types},
	Year = 2003}

@inproceedings{boyapati:2003:popl,
	Author = {Chandrasekhar Boyapati and Barbara Liskov and Liuba Shrira},
	Booktitle = {{ACM} Symposium on Principles of Programming Languages {(POPL)}},
	Month = jan,
	Title = {Ownership Types for Object Encapsulation},
	Year = 2003}

@phdthesis{boyapati:2004:phd,
	Author = {Chandrasekhar Boyapati},
	Month = {February},
	School = {Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology},
	Title = {SafeJava: A Unified Type System for Safe Programming},
	Year = 2004}

@inproceedings{boyland:1998:promises,
	Author = {Edwin C. Chan and John T. Boyland and William L. Scherlis},
	Booktitle = icse,
	Title = {Promises: Limitied Specifications for Analysis and Manipulation},
	Year = 1998}

@inproceedings{boyland:2001:capabilities,
	Author = {John Boyland and James Noble and William Retert},
	Booktitle = ecoop,
	Month = jun,
	Publisher = sv,
	Title = {Capabilities for {S}haring: {A} {G}eneralization of {U}niqueness and {R}ead-{O}nly},
	Year = 2001}

@inproceedings{boyland:2003:connecting,
	Author = {John Boyland},
	Booktitle = iwaco,
	Editor = {Dave Clarke},
	Month = {July},
	Number = {UU-CS-2003-030},
	Pages = {42 -- 57},
	Publisher = {Utrecht University},
	Title = {Connecting Effects and Uniqueness with Adoption},
	Year = {2003}}

@inproceedings{bracha:1998:gj,
	Author = {Gilad Bracha and Martin Odersky and David Stoutamire and Philip Wadler},
	Booktitle = oopsla,
	Month = oct,
	Title = {Making the future safe for the past: {A}dding {G}enericity to the {J}ava Programming Language},
	Year = 1998}

@techreport{breunesse:2002:smart-card-verif,
	Author = {C.-B. Breunesse, B. Jacobs, N. Catano and M. Huisman},
	Institution = {Computing Science Institute, University of Nijmegen},
	Number = {NIII-R0316},
	Title = {Formal Methods for Smart Cards: an experience report},
	Year = 2003}

@article{cardelli:1985:understanding-types,
	Author = {Luca Cardelli and Peter Wegner},
	Journal = {Computing Surveys},
	Month = {December},
	Number = 4,
	Pages = {471-522},
	Title = {On {U}nderstanding {T}ypes, {D}ata {A}bstraction, and {P}olymorphism},
	Volume = 17,
	Year = 1985}

@incollection{cardelli:1991:typeful-prog,
	Author = {Luca Cardelli},
	Booktitle = {Formal Descriptions of Programming Concepts},
	Editor = {E.J. Newbold and M. Paul},
	Publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
	Title = {Typeful Programming},
	Year = 1991}

@book{cardelli:1996:theory-of-objects,
	Author = {Mart{\'\i}n Abadi and Luca Cardelli},
	Publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
	Title = {A Theory of Objects},
	Year = 1996}

@inproceedings{cardelli:1998:mobile-ambients,
	Author = {Luca Cardelli and Andrew D. Gordon},
	Booktitle = {Foundations of Software Science and Computation Structures, European Joint Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software},
	Month = {March},
	Title = {Mobile {A}mbients},
	Year = 1998}

@techreport{chambers:1997:bececil,
	Author = {Craig Chambers and Gary T. Leavens},
	Institution = {Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Washington},
	Number = {UW-CSE-96-12-02},
	Title = {{BeCecil}, a core object-oriented language with block structure and multimethods: Semantics and typing},
	Year = 1997}

@techreport{chambers:1997:cecil,
	Author = {Craig Chambers},
	Institution = {University of Washington},
	Month = {March},
	Number = {Version 2.7},
	Title = {The {C}ecil Language: Specification \& {R}ationale},
	Year = 1997}

@inproceedings{chambers:1997:fool,
	Author = {Craig Chambers and Gary Leavens},
	Booktitle = {Fourth Workshop on Foundations of Object-Oriented Languages},
	Title = {Type Soundness for an Object-Oriented Language with Multimethods, Block Structure, and Modules},
	Year = {1997}}

@inproceedings{civello:1993:oopsla,
	Author = {Franco Civello},
	Booktitle = oopsla,
	Title = {Roles for composite objects in object-oriented analysis and design},
	Year = {1993}}

@article{clark:1977:lisp-power-laws,
	Author = {Douglas W. Clark and C. Cordell Green},
	Journal = {Communications of the ACM},
	Month = {February},
	Number = 2,
	Pages = {78-87},
	Title = {An empirical study of list structures in {Lisp}},
	Volume = 20,
	Year = 1977}

@unpublished{clark:1999:xpath,
	Author = {James Clark and Steve DeRose},
	Month = {November},
	Note = {\texttt{http://www.w3.org/TR/xpath}},
	Title = {{XML} Path Language ({XPath}) Version 1.0},
	Year = 1999}

@inproceedings{clarke:1998:ownership-types-for-flexible-alias-protection,
	Author = {David Clarke and John Potter and James Noble},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of Conference on Object-Oriented Programming, Languages, and Applications},
	Publisher = {ACM Press},
	Title = {Ownership types for flexible alias protection},
	Year = 1998}

@inproceedings{clarke:2001:simple-ownership-types,
	Author = {David Clarke and James Noble and John Potter},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of European Conference for Object-Oriented Programming},
	Publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
	Title = {Simple ownership types for object confinement},
	Year = 2001}

@inproceedings{clarke:2002:disjoint,
	Author = {Dave Clarke and Sophia Drossopoulou},
	Booktitle = oopsla,
	Title = {Ownership, Encapsulation, and the Disjointness of Type and Effect},
	Year = 2002}

@phdthesis{clarke:2002:phd,
	Author = {Dave Clarke},
	School = {School of {C}omputer {S}cience and {E}ngineering, {U}niversity of {N}ew {S}outh {W}ales, {A}ustralia},
	Title = {Object ownership and containment},
	Year = 2002}

@inproceedings{clarke:2003:external-uniqueness,
	Address = {Darmstadt, Germany},
	Author = {David Clarke and Tobias Wrigstad},
	Booktitle = ecoop,
	Editor = {Luca Cardelli},
	Month = {July},
	Pages = {176--200},
	Publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
	Series = {Lecture Notes In Computer Science},
	Title = {External Uniqueness is Unique Enough},
	Volume = 2473,
	Year = 2003}

@inproceedings{clarke:2003:saving,
	Author = {Dave Clarke and Michael Richmond and James Noble},
	Booktitle = oopsla,
	Location = {Anaheim, California, USA},
	Month = {October},
	Title = {Saving the World from Bad Beans: Deployment-Time Confinement Checking},
	Year = {2003}}

@inproceedings{demsky:2002:role-based-exploration,
	Address = {Orlando, Florida},
	Author = {B. Demsky and M. Rinard},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2002 International Conference on Software Engineering},
	Month = May,
	Title = {Role-Based Exploration of Object-Oriented Programs},
	Year = 2002}

@inproceedings{deutsch:1994:may-alias,
	Author = {Alain Deutsch},
	Booktitle = {Proceedigns of the {ACM SIGPLAN'94} {C}onference on {P}rogramming {L}anguage {D}esign and {I}mplementation},
	Month = jun,
	Title = {Interprocedural {M}ay-{A}lias {A}nalysis for {P}ointers: {B}eyond k-limiting},
	Year = 1994}

@inproceedings{dieckmann:1999:memory,
	Author = {Sylvia Dieckmann and Urs H{\"o}lzle},
	Booktitle = ecoop,
	Month = jun,
	Publisher = sv,
	Title = {A Study of the Allocation Behavior of the {SPECjvm98} {J}ava Benchmarks},
	Volume = 1628,
	Year = 1999}

@article{dong:1995:geometry,
	Author = {Jin Song Dong and Roger Duke},
	Journal = {Object Oriented Systems},
	Pages = {41-63},
	Title = {The Geometry of Object Containment},
	Volume = {2},
	Year = 1995}

@inproceedings{dong:1995:tools,
	Author = {Jin Song Dong and Roger Duke},
	Booktitle = {{TOOLS} {P}acific 18},
	Title = {Exclusive Control within Object Oriented Systems},
	Year = 1995}

@book{ellis:1990:cpp-reference,
	Author = {Margaret Ellis and Bjarne Stroustrup},
	Publisher = {Addison-{W}esley},
	Title = {The {A}nnotated {C}++ {R}eference {M}anual},
	Year = {1990}}

@article{erdos:1961:random-graphs,
	Author = {P. Erdos and A. Renyi},
	Journal = {Acta Math. Acad. Sci. Hungary},
	Number = 35,
	Pages = {261-267},
	Title = {On the strength of connectedness of random graphs},
	Volume = 12,
	Year = 1961}

@inproceedings{fiege:2002:scopes,
	Author = {Ludger Fiege and Mira Mezini and Gero M{\"u}hl and Alejando P. Buchmann},
	Booktitle = ecoop,
	Month = jun,
	Title = {Engineering Event-based Systems with Scopes},
	Year = 2002}

@inproceedings{flanagan:1999:types-for-safe-locking,
	Author = {Cormac Flanagan and Mart{\'\i}n Abadi},
	Booktitle = {Programming Languages and Systems},
	Month = {March},
	Pages = {91-107},
	Series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science},
	Title = {Types for {S}afe {L}ocking},
	Volume = 1567,
	Year = 1999}

@inproceedings{flanagan:2000:race-detection,
	Author = {Cormac Flanagan and Stephen Freund},
	Booktitle = {ACM SIGPLAN 2000 Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation},
	Month = {June},
	Title = {Type-based race detection for {J}ava},
	Year = 2000}

@inproceedings{flatt:1998:classes-mixins,
	Author = {Matthew Flatt and Shriram Krishnamurthi and Matthias Felleisen},
	Booktitle = {25th {ACM} {C}onference on {P}rinciples of {P}rogramming {L}anguages},
	Month = {January},
	Title = {Classes and {M}ixins},
	Year = {1998}}

@inproceedings{fluet:2002:phantom-types,
	Author = {Matthew Fluet and Riccardo Pucella},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2nd {IFIP} Intenational Conference on Theoretical Computer Science ({TCS})},
	Month = aug,
	Pages = {448--460},
	Title = {Phantom Types and Subtyping},
	Year = 2002}

@misc{foote:www:hat,
	Author = {Bill Foote},
	Howpublished = {\url{http://java.sun.com/people/billf/heap/}},
	Title = {Heap Analysis Tool},
	Year = {2002}}

@inproceedings{gagnon:2001:sablevm,
	Author = {Etienne Gagnon and Laurie Hendren},
	Booktitle = {Java Virtual Machine Research and Technology Symposium (JVM)},
	Title = {SableVM: A Research Framework for the Efficient Execution of Java Bytecode},
	Year = 2001}

@book{gamma:1994:patternbook,
	Author = {Erich Gamma and Richard Helm and Ralph E. Johnson and John Vlissides},
	Publisher = aw,
	Subtitle = {Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software},
	Title = {Design Patterns},
	Year = {1994}}

@misc{gd:www:web-site,
	Author = {Gwydion Dylan},
	Howpublished = {\url{http://www.gwydiondylan.org/}},
	Title = {Gwydion Dylan Project Web Site},
	Year = 2003}

@inproceedings{genius:1998:sandwich-types,
	Address = {Kyoto, Japan},
	Author = {Daniela Genius and Martin Trapp and Wolf Zimmermann},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2nd Types in Compilation Workshop},
	Title = {An Approach to Improve Locality using Sandwich Types},
	Year = 1998}

@inproceedings{ghiya:1996:shape-analysis,
	Author = {Rakesh Ghiya and Laurie J. Hendren},
	Booktitle = {Symposium on Principles of Programming Languages},
	Pages = {1-15},
	Title = {Is it a Tree, a {DAG}, or a Cyclic Graph? A Shape Analysis for Heap-Directed Pointers in {C}},
	Year = 1996}

@book{goldberg:1983:smalltalk,
	Author = {A. Goldberg and D. Robson},
	Publisher = {Addison-{W}esley},
	Title = {Smalltalk-80: {T}he {L}anguage and its {I}mplementation},
	Year = {1983}}

@book{gosling:1996:java,
	Author = {James Gosling and Bill Joy and Guy Steele},
	Publisher = aw,
	Title = {The {J}ava Language Specification},
	Year = 1996}

@inproceedings{grogono:1993:equality,
	Address = {Bratislava, Slovakia},
	Author = {Peter Grogono and Philip Santas},
	Booktitle = {{EastEurOOPe'93}},
	Title = {Equality in Object-oriented Languages},
	Year = 1993}

@inproceedings{grogono:1994:copying-sharing-aliasing,
	Address = {Montreal, Quebec},
	Author = {Peter Grogono and Patrice Chalin},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the Colloquium on Object Orientation in Databases and Software Engineering ({COODBSE'94})},
	Month = may,
	Title = {Copying, Sharing, and Aliasing},
	Year = 1994}

@inproceedings{grogono:2000:ecoop,
	Author = {Peter Grogono and Markku Sakkinen},
	Booktitle = ecoop,
	Month = jun,
	Title = {Copying and {C}omparing: {P}roblems and {S}olutions},
	Year = 2000}

@inproceedings{hagimont:1996:hidden,
	Address = {Hong Kong},
	Author = {Daniel Hagimont and J. Mossi{\`e}re and Xavier Rousset de Pina and F. Saunier},
	Booktitle = {16th International Conference on Distributed Computing System},
	Month = may,
	Publisher = {{IEEE} CS Press},
	Title = {Hidden Software Capabilities},
	Year = 1996}

@article{harms:1991:copying-and-swapping,
	Author = {D. E. Harms and B. Weide},
	Journal = {IEEE Transactions of Software Engineering},
	Note = {IEEE CS Press},
	Number = 5,
	Pages = {424-435},
	Title = {Copying and swapping: influences on the design of reusable components.},
	Volume = 17,
	Year = 1991}

@inproceedings{hendren:1992:designing-for-analyzability,
	Author = {Laurie J. Hendren and G. R. Gao},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the {IEEE} 1992 {I}nternational {C}onference on {P}rogramming {L}anguages},
	Month = apr,
	Title = {Designing programming languages for analyzability: {A} fresh look at pointer data structures},
	Year = 1992}

@techreport{hennessey:1998:access-control,
	Author = {Matthew Hennessy and James Riely},
	Institution = {University of {S}ussex},
	Month = {February},
	Number = {2/98},
	Title = {{R}esource {C}ontrol in {S}ystems of {M}obile {A}gents},
	Year = {1998}}

@inproceedings{hill:2000:scalable-visualisations-with-ownership-trees,
	Address = {Sydney, Australia},
	Author = {Trent Hill and James Noble and John Potter},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of TOOLS Pacific 2000},
	Publisher = {IEEE CS Press},
	Title = {Scalable visualisations with ownership trees},
	Year = 2000}

@article{hill:2002:jvlc,
	Author = {Trent Hill and James Noble and John Potter},
	Journal = {Journal of Visual Languages and Computation},
	Month = jun,
	Number = 3,
	Pages = {319--339},
	Title = {Scalable Visualizations of Object-Oriented Systems with Ownership Trees},
	Volume = 13,
	Year = 2002}

@misc{hinze:1999:constructing,
	Author = {R. Hinze},
	Title = {Constructing Red-Black Trees},
	Url = {citeseer.nj.nec.com/article/hinze99constructing.html},
	Year = {1999}}

@inproceedings{hobatr:2001:the-design-of-an-ocl-query-based-debugger,
	Author = {Chanika Hobatr and Brian A. Malloy},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the 16th ACM SAC2001 Symposium on Applied Computing},
	Title = {The design of {OCL} query-based debugger for {C++}},
	Year = 2001}

@incollection{hofmann:1997:dependent,
	Author = {Martin Hofmann},
	Booktitle = {Semantics of Logics of Computation},
	Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
	Title = {Syntax and Semantics of Dependent Types},
	Year = 1997}

@inproceedings{hogg:1991:islands,
	Address = {New York},
	Author = {John Hogg},
	Booktitle = oopsla,
	City = {Phoenix,} # {Arizona, USA},
	Date = oct # {6--11},
	Journal = {ACM SIGPLAN Notices},
	Month = nov,
	Notes = {Defines "read" (observe), "unique" and "free"},
	Pages = {271-285},
	Publisher = {ACM Press},
	Title = {Islands: Aliasing Protection in Object-Oriented Languages},
	Volume = 26,
	Year = 1991}

@article{hogg:1992:geneva,
	Author = {John Hogg and Doug Lea and Alan Wills and Dennis de Champeaux and Richard Holt},
	Journal = {{OOPS} Messenger},
	Month = {April},
	Number = 2,
	Pages = {11--16},
	Title = {The {Geneva} convention of the treatment of object aliasing},
	Volume = 3,
	Year = 1992}

@inproceedings{holmes:1997:tools,
	Author = {David Holmes and James Noble and John Potter},
	Booktitle = {{TOOLS} {P}acific 25},
	Title = {Aspects of Synchronisation},
	Year = 1997}

@article{igarashi:2001:fj,
	Author = {Atsushi Igarashi and Benjamin C. Pierce and Philip Wadler},
	Journal = {ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems ({TOPLAS})},
	Month = {May},
	Number = 3,
	Pages = {396 -- 450},
	Title = {{F}eatherweight {J}ava: a minimal core calculus for {J}ava and {GJ}},
	Volume = 23,
	Year = 2001}

@inproceedings{igarashi:2001:raw-types,
	Author = {Atsushi Igarashi and Benjamin C. Pierce and Philip Wadler},
	Booktitle = {Workshop on Foundations of Object-Oriented Languages ({FOOL})},
	Title = {A Recipe for Raw Types},
	Year = 2001}

@inproceedings{kent:1995:encapsulation,
	Author = {Stuart Kent and Ian Maung},
	Booktitle = {{TOOLS} {P}acific 18},
	Title = {Encapsulation and Aggregation},
	Year = 1995}

@inproceedings{kent:1996:value,
	Address = {Paris},
	Author = {Stuart Kent and John Howse},
	Booktitle = {TOOLS 19},
	Title = {Value Types in {E}iffel},
	Year = 1996}

@techreport{kernighan:1983:on-pascal,
	Author = {Brian Kernighan},
	Institution = {Bell Labs},
	Number = 100,
	Title = {Why {P}ascal is not my Favourite Programming Language},
	Year = 1983}

@inproceedings{krishna:2004:rtzen,
	Author = {Arvind Krishna and Douglas C. Schmidt and Raymond Klefstad},
	Booktitle = {International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS 2004)},
	Title = {{E}nchancing {R}eal-time {CORBA} via {R}eal-time {J}ava Features},
	Year = 2004}

@inproceedings{lamport:1985:constraints,
	Address = {New Orleans, Louisiana},
	Author = {Leslie Lamport and Fred B. Schneider},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the 12th Annual ({ACM}) Symposium on Principles of Programming Languages},
	Pages = {205--216},
	Title = {Constraints: {A} Uniform Approach to Aliasing and Typing},
	Year = 1985}

@article{landi:1992:undecidability,
	Author = {William Landi},
	Journal = {{ACM} Letters on Programming Languages and Systems},
	Month = dec,
	Number = 4,
	Title = {Undecidability of Static Analysis},
	Volume = 1,
	Year = 1992}

@article{launchbury:1995:state-in-haskell,
	Author = {John Launchbury and Simon L. {Peyton Jones}},
	Journal = {Lisp and Symbolic Computation},
	Month = {dec},
	Number = 4,
	Pages = {293-341},
	Title = {State in {H}askell},
	Volume = 8,
	Year = 1995}

@inproceedings{leino:1998:oopsla,
	Author = {K. Rustan M. Leino},
	Booktitle = oopsla,
	Title = {Data {G}roups: {S}pecifying the {M}odification of {E}xtended {S}tate},
	Year = 1998}

@article{leino:1999:ecstasy-virginity,
	Author = {K. Rustan M. Leino and Raymie Stata},
	Journal = {Information Processing Letters},
	Month = {April},
	Number = 2,
	Pages = {99-105},
	Title = {Virginity: A contribution to the specification of object-oriented software},
	Volume = 70,
	Year = 1999}

@inproceedings{leino:2002:data-groups-side-effects,
	Author = {Leino, K. Rustan M. and Poetzsch-Heffter, Arnd and Zhou, Yunhong},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the ACM SIGPLAN 2002 Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation},
	Month = {June},
	Note = {Available at http://softech.informatik.uni-kl.de/downloads/publications/pldi02.pdf},
	Pages = {246--257},
	Title = {Using Data Groups to Specify and Check Side Effects},
	Volume = {37(5)},
	Year = 2002}

@inproceedings{leino:2004:object-invariants,
	Address = {Oslo, Norway},
	Author = {K. Rustan M. Leino and Peter Muller},
	Booktitle = ecoop,
	Publisher = sv,
	Title = {Object Invariants in Dynamic Contexts},
	Year = 2004}

@book{lencevicius:2000:advanced-debugging-methods,
	Author = {Raimondas Lencevicius},
	Month = {August},
	Publisher = {Kluwer Academic Publishers},
	Title = {Advanced Debugging Methods},
	Year = 2000}

@article{lengauer:1979:fast-algorithm-for-finding-dominators,
	Author = {Thomas Lengauer and Robert Endre Tarjan},
	Journal = {ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems},
	Month = {July},
	Number = 1,
	Pages = {121-141},
	Title = {A fast algorithm for finding dominators in a flowgraph},
	Volume = 1,
	Year = 1979}

@inproceedings{leroy:1998:secure-applets,
	Author = {Xavier Leroy and Fran\c{c}ois Rouaix},
	Booktitle = {25th {ACM} conference on {P}rinciples of {P}rogramming {L}anguages},
	Month = {January},
	Title = {Security Properies of typed applets},
	Year = {1998}}

@incollection{liu:1998:concurrent-objects-mobile,
	Author = {Xinxin Liu and David Walker},
	Booktitle = {Proof, Language and Interaction: Essays in Honour of Robin Milner},
	Editor = {G. Plotkin, C. Stirling and M. Tofte},
	Publisher = {MIT Press},
	Title = {Concurrent Objects as Mobile Processes},
	Year = {1998}}

@inproceedings{lucassen:1988:effect-systems,
	Author = {John M. Lucassen and David K. Gifford},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the {E}ighteenth {A}nnual {ACM SIGACT-SIGPLAN} {S}ymposium on {P}rinciples of {P}rogramming {L}anguages},
	Month = jan,
	Title = {Polymorphic effect systems},
	Year = 1988}

@inproceedings{madsen:1992:location,
	Author = {Ole Lehrmann Madsen and Birger M{\o}ller-Pedersen},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the seventh international conference on Technology of object-oriented languages and systems},
	Isbn = {0-13-917436-2},
	Location = {Dortmund, Germany},
	Pages = {283--297},
	Publisher = {Prentice Hall International (UK) Ltd.},
	Title = {Part objects and their location},
	Year = {1992}}

@book{madsen:1993:betabook,
	Author = {Ole Lehrmann Madsen and Birger M{\o}ller-Pedersen and Kirsten Nygaard},
	Publisher = aw,
	Title = {Object-Oriented Programming in the {BETA} Programming Language},
	Year = 1993}

@techreport{matsuoka:1990:synchronisation,
	Author = {S. Matsuoka and K. Wakita and A. Yonezawa},
	Institution = {Dept. of Information Science, University of Tokyo},
	Title = {Sychronisation Constraints with Inheritance: {W}hat is not Possible? --- so what is?},
	Year = 1990}

@book{meyer:1988:oosc,
	Author = {Bertrand Meyer},
	Keywords = {olit-oopl eiffel obib(oopl)},
	Publisher = {Prentice Hall},
	Title = {Object-oriented Software Construction},
	Year = {1988}}

@book{meyer:1992:eiffel,
	Author = {Bertrand Meyer},
	Publisher = {Prentice Hall},
	Title = {Eiffel: {T}he {L}anguage},
	Year = {1992}}

@misc{microsoft:www:net,
	Author = {Microsoft},
	Howpublished = {\url{http://msdn.microsoft.com/net/}},
	Title = {{The .NET Common Language Runtime}},
	Year = 2003}

@article{milner:1978:type-polymorphism,
	Author = {Robin Milner},
	Journal = {Journal of Computer and System Sciences},
	Pages = {348--375},
	Title = {Theory of Type Polymorphism in Programming},
	Volume = {17(3)},
	Year = 1978}

@inproceedings{mitchell:2003:leakbot,
	Author = {Nick Mitchell and Gary Sevitsky},
	Booktitle = ecoop,
	Month = {July},
	Publisher = sv,
	Series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science},
	Title = {LeakBot: An Automated and Lightweight Tool for Diagnosing Memory Leaks in Large Java Applications},
	Year = 2003}

@inbook{mueller:1999:universes,
	Author = {P. M{\"u}ller and A. Poetzsch-Heffter},
	Chapter = {Universes: a type system for controlling representation exposure},
	Publisher = {Fernuniversit{\"a}t Hagen},
	Title = {Programming Languages and Fundamentals of Programming},
	Year = 1999}

@inproceedings{mueller:2001:applet-isolation,
	Author = {M\"{u}ller, P. and Poetzsch-Heffter, A.},
	Booktitle = {Formal Techniques for { J}ava Programs},
	Note = {To be presented at ECOOP 2001 workshop on Formal Techniques for {J}ava Programs. Available at http://softech.informatik.uni-kl.de/downloads/publications/firewall.pdf},
	Title = {A Type System for Checking Applet Isolation in {J}ava {C}ard},
	Year = 2001}

@inproceedings{myers:1997:parameterized,
	Author = {Andrew C Myers and Joseph A. Bank and Barbara Liskov},
	Booktitle = {POPL Proceedings},
	Title = {{Parameterized Types for Java}},
	Year = 1997}

@article{noble:1995:tarraingim,
	Author = {James Noble and Lindsay J. Groves and Robert L. Biddle},
	Journal = {Australian Computer Journal},
	Month = nov,
	Number = 4,
	Title = {Object Oriented Program Visualisation in Tarraing{\'\i}m},
	Volume = 27,
	Year = 1995}

@inproceedings{noble:1997:change,
	Address = {Sydney, Australia},
	Author = {James Noble and John Potter},
	Booktitle = {Australian Software Engineering Conference},
	Publisher = {IEEE Press},
	Title = {Change Detection for Aggregate Objects with Aliasing},
	Year = 1997}

@article{noble:2001:speissue,
	Author = {James Noble and Doug Lea},
	Journal = {Software -- Practice and Experience},
	Month = {May},
	Number = 6,
	Title = {Special Issue on Aliasing in Object-Oriented Systems},
	Volume = 31,
	Year = 2001}

@techreport{noble:2003:ogj,
	Author = {James Noble and Robert Biddle},
	Institution = {Computer Science, Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand},
	Month = may,
	Number = {VUW-CS-TR-03/9},
	Title = {{Oh! Gee! Java!} --- Ownership Types (almost) for Free},
	Year = 2003}

@misc{noble:2003:tamoe,
	Author = {James Noble and Robert Biddle and Ewan Tempero and Alex Potanin and Dave Clarke},
	Note = {Presented at the {ECOOP} 2003 {IWACO} {W}orkshop on {A}liasing, {C}onfinement, and {O}wnership. Available at: \url{http://www.mcs.vuw.ac.nz/comp/Publications}},
	Title = {Towards a Model of Encapsulation},
	Year = 2003}

@inproceedings{ocallahan:1997:lackwit,
	Address = {Boston, USA},
	Author = {Robert O'Callahan and Daniel Jackson},
	Booktitle = {1997 International Conference on Software Engineering},
	Month = {May},
	Title = {Lackwit: a program understanding tool based on type inference},
	Year = 1997}

@techreport{odersky:1993:local-names,
	Author = {Martin Odersky},
	Institution = {Yale University},
	Month = {May},
	Number = {YALEU/DC/RR-965},
	Title = {A Syntactic Theory of Local Names},
	Year = {1993}}

@inproceedings{odersky:1994:functional-names,
	Author = {Martin Odersky},
	Booktitle = {21th {ACM} conference on {P}rinciples of {P}rogramming {L}anguages},
	Month = {January},
	Title = {A Functional Theory of Local Names},
	Year = {1994}}

@inproceedings{odersky:1997:pizza,
	Author = {Martin Odersky and Philip Wadler},
	Booktitle = {Proc. 24th ACM Symposium on Principles of Programming Languages},
	Month = {January},
	Title = {{Pizza} into {Java}: Translating theory into practice},
	Year = 1997}

@inproceedings{ohearn:1995:syntactic,
	Author = {P. W. O'Hearn and A. J. Power and M. Takeyama and R. D. Tennent},
	Booktitle = {Mathematical Foundations of Programming Semantics, Eleventh Conference},
	Title = {Syntactic control of interference revisited},
	Year = 1995}

@inproceedings{ohearn:2001:local-alter,
	Author = {Peter O'Hearn and John Reynolds and Homngseok Yang},
	Booktitle = {CSL, Springer Veralg, LNCS 2142},
	Title = {Local reasoning abour Programs that Alter Data Structures},
	Year = 2001}

@article{perlis:1982:epigrams,
	Author = {Alan Perlis},
	Journal = sigplan,
	Month = sep,
	Number = 9,
	Title = {Epigrams on programming},
	Volume = 17,
	Year = 1982}

@inproceedings{pierce:1998:local,
	Address = {New York, NY},
	Author = {Benjamin C. Pierce and David N. Turner},
	Booktitle = {Conference Record of {POPL} 98: The 25TH {ACM} {SIGPLAN}-{SIGACT} Symposium on Principles of Programming Languages, San Diego, California},
	Pages = {252--265},
	Title = {Local Type Inference},
	Url = {citeseer.nj.nec.com/pierce98local.html},
	Year = {1998}}

@article{potanin:2004:ccpe,
	Author = {Alex Potanin and James Noble and Robert Biddle},
	Journal = {Concurrency and Computation: Practice and Experience},
	Number = 7,
	Pages = {671--687},
	Title = {Checking Ownership and Confinement},
	Volume = 16,
	Year = 2004}

@inproceedings{potanin:2004:fool,
	Address = {Venice, Italy},
	Author = {Alex Potanin and James Noble and Dave Clarke and Robert Biddle},
	Booktitle = {Foundations of Object-Oriented Programming (FOOL11)},
	Month = {January},
	Title = {Featherweight Generic Confinement},
	Year = 2004}

@inproceedings{potanin:2004:ftfjp,
	Address = {Oslo, Norway},
	Author = {Alex Potanin and James Noble and Dave Clarke and Robert Biddle},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the Workshop on Formal Techniques for Java-like Programs in European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming},
	Month = {June},
	Publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
	Title = {Defaulting {G}eneric {J}ava to {O}wnership},
	Year = 2004}

@inproceedings{potter:1998:insandouts,
	Address = {Adelaide, Australia},
	Author = {John Potter and James Noble and David Clarke},
	Booktitle = {Australian Software Engineering Conference},
	Month = {November},
	Publisher = {IEEE Press},
	Title = {The Ins and Outs of Objects},
	Year = 1998}

@misc{pugh:www:find-bugs,
	Author = {Bill Pugh},
	Howpublished = {\url{http://www.cs.umd.edu/~pugh/jva/bugs/}},
	Title = {{Find Bugs --- A Bug Pattern Detector for Java}},
	Year = 2003}

@inproceedings{reynolds:1978:syntactic,
	Author = {John C. Reynolds},
	Booktitle = {5th {ACM} Symposium on Principles of Programming Languages},
	Month = jan,
	Title = {Syntactic Control of Interference},
	Year = 1978}

@inproceedings{reynolds:1983:param,
	Author = {John C Reynolds},
	Booktitle = {Information Processing '83},
	Pages = {513--523},
	Publisher = {North-Holland},
	Title = {Types, Abstraction, and Parametric Polymorphism},
	Year = 1983}

@inproceedings{reynolds:1989:syntactic,
	Author = {John C. Reynolds},
	Booktitle = {Automata, Languages, and Programming: 16th International Colloquium},
	Number = 372,
	Pages = {704-722},
	Series = {LNCS},
	Title = {Syntactic Control of Interference, Part 2},
	Year = 1989}

@inproceedings{riecke:1998:privacy,
	Author = {Jon G. Riecke and Christopher A. Stone},
	Booktitle = {Fifth Workshop on Foundations of Object-Oriented Languages},
	Title = {{P}rivacy via {S}ubsumption},
	Year = {1998}}

@misc{shalizi:www:networks,
	Author = {Cosma Shalizi},
	Howpublished = {\url{http://discuss.santafe.edu/dynamics/stories/storyReader\$54}},
	Title = {Networks: growth, form, function, crashes},
	Year = {2002}}

@article{skalka:2003:confinement,
	Author = {Christian Skalka and Scott Smith},
	Journal = {Springer International Journal of Information Security},
	Title = {Static Use-Based Object Confinement},
	Year = 2003}

@incollection{smith:2003:iwaco,
	Author = {Matthew Smith and Sophia Drossopoulou},
	Booktitle = iwaco,
	Editor = {Dave Clarke},
	Month = {July},
	Number = {UU-CS-2003-030},
	Pages = {15 -- 28},
	Publisher = {Utrecht University},
	Title = {Cheaper Reasoning with Ownership Types},
	Year = 2003}

@book{stroustrup:1994:de,
	Author = {Bjarne Stroustrup},
	Publisher = aw,
	Title = {The Design and Evolution of {C++}},
	Year = 1994}

@misc{sun:www:jdi,
	Author = {Sun Microsystems},
	Howpublished = {\url{http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/guide/jpda/jdi/index.html}},
	Title = {Java Debug interface},
	Year = {2002}}

@misc{sun:www:jdk12,
	Author = {{Sun Microsystems}},
	Howpublished = {\url{http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.2/}},
	Title = {Java Development Kit Version 1.2},
	Year = {2002}}

@misc{sun:www:jsr14,
	Author = {{Sun Microsystems}},
	Howpublished = {\url{http://developer.java.sun.com/developer/earlyAccess/adding_generics/index.html}},
	Title = {{JSR14} prototype implementation},
	Year = 2003}

@misc{sun:www:jvmpi,
	Author = {{Sun Microsystems}},
	Howpublished = {\url{http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/guide/jvmpi/}},
	Title = {Java Virtual Machine Profiler Interface},
	Year = {2002}}

@article{talpin:1992:regions,
	Author = {J.-P Talpin and P. Jouvelot},
	Journal = {Journal of Functional Programming},
	Month = {July},
	Number = 3,
	Pages = {245-271},
	Title = {Polymorphic type, region, and effect inference},
	Volume = 2,
	Year = 1992}

@article{tofte:1997:regions,
	Author = {Mads Tofte and Jean-Pierre Talpin},
	Journal = {Information and Computation},
	Number = 2,
	Pages = {109--176},
	Title = {Region-{B}ased {M}emory {M}anagement},
	Volume = 132,
	Year = 1997}

@article{valverde:2002:scale-free,
	Author = {Sergi Valverde and Ramon Ferrer Cancho and Ricard V. Sole},
	Journal = {Europhysics Letters},
	Pages = {512-517},
	Title = {Scale-free networks from optimal design},
	Volume = 60,
	Year = 2002}

@misc{visualbeans:www:fisheye,
	Author = {VisualBeans.Com},
	Howpublished = {Available at: \url{http://www.visualbeans.com/FishEye/}},
	Title = {FishEye Bean},
	Year = 2003}

@incollection{wake:1995:account-number,
	Author = {William C. Wake},
	Booktitle = {Pattern Languages of Program Design},
	Publisher = aw,
	Title = {Account Number: A Pattern},
	Volume = 1,
	Year = 1995}

@inproceedings{wirfs-brock:1989:ood-rdd,
	Author = {R. Wirfs-Brock and B. Wilkerson},
	Booktitle = oopsla,
	Title = {Object-oriented design: a responsibility-driven approach},
	Year = 1989}

@misc{www:1997:secure-internet-programming-group,
	Author = {Secure Internet Programming Group},
	Howpublished = {\url{http://www.cs.princeton.edu/sip/news/april29.html}},
	Title = {Secure Internet Programming Group},
	Year = 1997}

@incollection{zeller:2001:visual,
	Author = {Thomas Zimmermann and Andreas Zeller},
	Booktitle = {Software Visualization},
	Month = {May},
	Pages = {191-204},
	Publisher = sv,
	Series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science},
	Title = {Visualizing memory graphs},
	Volume = {{LNCS} 2269},
	Year = 2001}

@inproceedings{zeller:2002:isolating-cause-effect-chains,
	Author = {Andreas Zeller},
	Booktitle = {ACM SIGSOFT 10th International Symposium on the Foundations of Software Engineering (FSE-10)},
	Title = {Isolating cause-effect chains from computer programs},
	Year = 2002}

@misc{zeller:www:ddd,
	Author = {Andreas Zeller},
	Howpublished = {\url{http://www.gnu.org/software/ddd/}},
	Title = {Data Display Debugger}}

@misc{zeller:www:delta-debugging,
	Author = {Andreas Zeller},
	Howpublished = {\url{http://www.st.cs.uni-sb.de/dd/}},
	Title = {Delta Debugging},
	Year = 2003}

@book{zipf:1935:psycho-biology-of-languages,
	Author = {George Kingsley Zipf},
	Publisher = {Houghton-Mifflin},
	Title = {Psycho-Biology of Languages},
	Year = 1935}

@inproceedings{icse04:keynote,
	Author = {Karl J. Lieberherr},
	Booktitle = icse,
	Pages = {2-11},
	Title = {Controlling the Complexity of Software Designs},
	Year = {2004}}

@inproceedings{cormack83,
	Author = {G.V. Cormack},
	Booktitle = {Proc. {ACM} {SIGPLAN} Conference on Programming Language Issues in Software Systems},
	Pages = {187-191},
	Title = {Extensions to Static Scoping},
	Year = 1983}

@inproceedings{COB+00,
	Author = {Henri Casanova and Graziano Obertelli and Francine Berman and Rich Wolski},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the International Supercomputing Conference},
	Pages = {75--76},
	Title = {{The {AppLeS Parameter Sweep Template}: User-Level Middleware for the Grid}},
	Year = {2000}}

@inproceedings{VE01,
	Author = {Michael J. Voss and Rudolf Eigemann},
	Booktitle = {ACM SIG{\-}PLAN Conference on Practice and Principles of Parallel Programming},
	Pages = {93--102},
	Title = {{High-level adaptive program optimization with {ADAPT}}},
	Year = {2001}}

@inproceedings{VE99,
	Author = {Michael Voss and Rudolf Eigenmann},
	Booktitle = {{ Proceedings of the International Symposium on High Performance Computing}},
	Pages = {109-120},
	Title = {{Dynamically Adaptive Parallel Programs}},
	Year = {1999}}

@inproceedings{AFD+00,
	Author = {Matthew Arnold and Stephen J. Fink and David Grove and Michael Hind and Peter F. Sweeney},
	Booktitle = {ACM Conference on Object-Oriented Programmin, Languages and Systems},
	Pages = {47-65},
	Title = {{Adaptive optimization in the Jalapeno {JVM}}},
	Year = {2000}}

@inproceedings{DR97,
	Author = {Pedro C. Diniz and Martin C. Rinard},
	Booktitle = {{SIGPLAN} Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation},
	Pages = {71-84},
	Title = {{Dynamic Feedback: An Effective Technique for Adaptive Computing}},
	Year = {1997}}

@inproceedings{LLM88,
	Author = {Michale Litzkow and Livny, Miron and Matt Mutka},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the 8th IEEE Distributed Computing Conference},
	Pages = {104-111},
	Title = {{Condor - A Hunter of Idle Workstations}},
	Year = 1988}

@inproceedings{APC+96,
	Author = {Joel Auslander and Matthai Philipose and Craig Chambers and Susan J. Eggers and Brian N. Bershad},
	Booktitle = {SIGPLAN Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation},
	Pages = {149-159},
	Title = {{Fast, Effective Dynamic Compilation}},
	Year = {1996}}

@inproceedings{LL96,
	Author = {Peter Lee and Mark Leone},
	Booktitle = {{SIGPLAN} Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation},
	Pages = {137-148},
	Title = {{Optimizing {ML} with Run-Time Code Generation}},
	Year = {1996}}

@inproceedings{BDB00,
	Author = {Vasanth Bala and Evelyn Duesterwald and Sanjeev Banerjia},
	Booktitle = {{SIGPLAN} Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation},
	Pages = {1-12},
	Title = {{Dynamo: A Transparent Runtime Optimization System}},
	Year = 2000}

@article{CD97,
	Author = {Henri Casanova and Jack Dongarra},
	Journal = {The International Journal of Supercomputer Applications and High Performance Computing},
	Number = {3},
	Pages = {212--223},
	Title = {{{NetSolve}: {A} Network-Enabled Server for Solving Computational Science Problems}},
	Volume = {11},
	Year = {1997}}

@inproceedings{JW95a,
	Author = jagannathan # and # wright,
	Booktitle = sas,
	Editor = {mycroft},
	Month = sep,
	Number = 983,
	Pages = {207--224},
	Publisher = springer,
	Series = lncs,
	Title = {{Effective flow analysis for avoiding runtime checks}},
	Year = 1995}

@inproceedings{JW96,
	Author = jagannathan # and # wright,
	Booktitle = pldi,
	Month = may,
	Title = {{Flow-directed inlining}},
	Year = 1996}

@inproceedings{JWW+98,
	Author = {Suresh Jagannathan and Stephen Weeks and Peter Thiemann and Andrew Wright},
	Booktitle = {{SIGPLAN} Conference on Principles of Programming Languages},
	Title = {{Single and Loving It: Must-Alias Analysis for Higher-Order Languages}},
	Year = 1998}

@inproceedings{CGS+99,
	Author = {Jong-Deok Choi and Manish Gupta and Mauricio J. Serrano and Vugranam C. Sreedhar and Samuel P. Midkiff},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the Conference on Object-Oriented Programming Systems, Languages, and Applications ({OOPSLA})},
	Pages = {1-19},
	Title = {{Escape Analysis for Java}},
	Year = {1999}}

@article{WM99,
	Author = {John Whaley and Martin Rinard},
	Journal = {ACM SIG{\-}PLAN Notices},
	Number = {10},
	Pages = {187--206},
	Title = {{Compositional pointer and escape analysis for {Java} programs}},
	Volume = {34},
	Year = {1999}}

@inproceedings{ST96,
	Author