text:
985-yb,
  title   = "A simple estimate of glomerular filtration rate in adolescent boys",
  author  = "Schwartz, G J and Gauthier, B",
  journal = "J. Pediatr.",
  volume  =  106,
  number  =  3,
  pages   = "522--526",
  year    =  1985
}

@ARTICLE{Al_Harbi1997-fp,
  title   = "Comparison of three different methods of estimating the glomerular
             filtration rate in children after renal transplantation",
  author  = "al Harbi, N and Lireman, D",
  journal = "Am. J. Nephrol.",
  volume  =  17,
  number  =  1,
  pages   = "68--71",
  year    =  1997
}

@ARTICLE{Alinei1987-zv,
  title   = "Assessment of glomerular filtration rate in infants. Comparison of
             three methods used in clinical practice",
  author  = "Alinei, P and Guignard, J P",
  journal = "Helv. Paediatr. Acta",
  volume  =  42,
  number  =  4,
  pages   = "253--262",
  year    =  1987
}

@ARTICLE{Atiyeh1996-rk,
  title   = "Evaluation of renal function during childhood",
  author  = "Atiyeh, B A and Dabbagh, S S and Gruskin, A B",
  journal = "Pediatr. Rev.",
  volume  =  17,
  number  =  5,
  pages   = "175--180",
  year    =  1996
}

@ARTICLE{Bertino1993-ct,
  title   = "Measured versus estimated creatinine clearance in patients with
             low serum creatinine values",
  author  = "Bertino, J. S., Jr",
  journal = "Ann. Pharmacother.",
  volume  =  27,
  number  =  12,
  pages   = "1439--1442",
  year    =  1993
}

@ARTICLE{Dionne1981-iq,
  title   = "Estimating creatinine clearance in morbidity obese patients",
  author  = "Dionne, R E and Bauer, L A and Gibson, G A and Griffen, W. O., Jr
             and Blouin, R A",
  journal = "Am. J. Hosp. Pharm.",
  volume  =  38,
  number  =  6,
  pages   = "841--844",
  year    =  1981
}

@ARTICLE{Fong1995-bv,
  title   = "Length/serum creatinine ratio does not predict measured creatinine
             clearance in critically ill children",
  author  = "Fong, J and Johnston, S and Valentino, T and Notterman, D",
  journal = "Clin. Pharmacol. Ther.",
  volume  =  58,
  number  =  2,
  pages   = "192--197",
  year    =  1995
}

@ARTICLE{Gates1985-vr,
  title   = "Creatinine clearance estimation from serum creatinine values: an
             analysis of three mathematical models of glomerular function",
  author  = "Gates, G F",
  journal = "Am. J. Kidney Dis.",
  volume  =  5,
  number  =  3,
  pages   = "199--205",
  year    =  1985
}

@ARTICLE{Gbadegesin1995-zl,
  title   = "Is the height/plasma creatinine formula of Schwartz useful as a
             screening test in detecting Nigeria children with low {GFR}?",
  author  = "Gbadegesin, R A and Asinobi, A O and Osinusi, K and Adeyemo, A A",
  journal = "West Afr. J. Med.",
  volume  =  14,
  number  =  4,
  pages   = "242--245",
  year    =  1995
}

@ARTICLE{Gbadegesin1997-ph,
  title   = "Inaccuracy of the Schwartz formula in estimating glomerular
             filtration rate in Nigerian children",
  author  = "Gbadegesin, R A and Adeyemo, A A and Asinobi, A O and Osinusi, K",
  journal = "Ann. Trop. Paediatr.",
  volume  =  17,
  number  =  2,
  pages   = "179--185",
  year    =  1997
}

@ARTICLE{Hallynck1981-rv,
  title   = "Prediction of creatinine clearance from serum creatinine
             concentration based on lean body mass",
  author  = "Hallynck, T and Soep, H H and Thomis, J and Boelaert, J and
             Daneels, R and Fillastre, J P and De Rosa, F and Rubinstein, E and
             Hatala, M and Spousta, J and Dettli, L",
  journal = "Clin. Pharmacol. Ther.",
  volume  =  30,
  number  =  3,
  pages   = "414--421",
  year    =  1981
}

@ARTICLE{Hernandez1982-lt,
  title   = "Estimation of creatinine clearance in children: comparison of six
             methods",
  author  = "Hernandez, de Acevedo and Johnson, C E",
  journal = "Clin. Pharmacol.",
  volume  =  1,
  number  =  2,
  pages   = "158--161",
  year    =  1982
}

@ARTICLE{Jacobson1997-wz,
  title   = "Predictive ability of creatinine clearance estimate models in
             pediatric bone marrow transplant patients",
  author  = "Jacobson, P and West, N and Hutchinson, R J",
  journal = "Bone Marrow Transplant.",
  volume  =  19,
  number  =  5,
  pages   = "481--485",
  year    =  1997
}

@ARTICLE{Levey1999-qg,
  title   = "A more accurate method to estimate glomerular filtration rate from
             serum creatinine: a new prediction equation. Modification of Diet
             in Renal Disease Study Group",
  author  = "Levey, A S and Bosch, J P and Lewis, J B and Greene, T and Rogers,
             N and Roth, D",
  journal = "Ann. Intern. Med.",
  volume  =  130,
  number  =  6,
  pages   = "461--470",
  year    =  1999
}

@ARTICLE{Paap1995-ny,
  title   = "Prospective evaluation of ten methods for estimating creatinine
             clearance in children with varying degrees of renal dysfunction",
  author  = "Paap, C M and Nahata, M C",
  journal = "J. Clin. Pharm. Ther.",
  volume  =  20,
  number  =  2,
  pages   = "67--73",
  year    =  1995
}

@ARTICLE{Rudd1980-lg,
  title   = "Estimating creatinine clearance in children: comparison of three
             methods",
  author  = "Rudd, G D and Hull, J H and Morris, C R and Bryan, C K",
  journal = "Am. J. Hosp. Pharm.",
  volume  =  37,
  number  =  11,
  pages   = "1514--1517",
  year    =  1980
}

@ARTICLE{Schwartz1987-zs,
  title   = "The use of plasma creatinine concentration for estimating
             glomerular filtration rate in infants, children, and adolescents",
  author  = "Schwartz, G J and Brion, L P and Spitzer, A",
  journal = "Pediatr. Clin. North Am.",
  volume  =  34,
  number  =  3,
  pages   = "571--590",
  year    =  1987
}

@ARTICLE{Traub1980-fi,
  title   = "Comparison of methods of estimating creatinine clearance in
             children",
  author  = "Traub, S L and Johnson, C E",
  journal = "Am. J. Hosp. Pharm.",
  volume  =  37,
  number  =  2,
  pages   = "195--201",
  year    =  1980
}

@ARTICLE{Waz1993-ml,
  title   = "Serum creatinine, height, and weight do not predict glomerular
             filtration rate in children with {IDDM}",
  author  = "Waz, W R and Quattrin, T and Feld, L G",
  journal = "Diabetes Care",
  volume  =  16,
  number  =  8,
  pages   = "1067--1070",
  year    =  1993
}

@ARTICLE{noauthor_2001-ns,
  title   = "Court denies {FDA} bid to end pediatric rule suit",
  journal = "Med. Mark. Media",
  pages   = "22",
  year    =  2001
}

@ARTICLE{Sutcliffe2003-kn,
  title   = "Testing new pharmaceutical products in children",
  author  = "Sutcliffe, A G",
  journal = "Br. Med. J.",
  volume  =  326,
  number  =  7380,
  pages   = "64--65",
  year    =  2003
}

@ARTICLE{noauthor_2002-yf,
  title   = "{FDA} overreached its authority in requiring pediatric tests",
  journal = "Med. Mark. Media",
  pages   = "10",
  year    =  2002
}

@ARTICLE{Meadows2003-fo,
  title   = "Drug research and children",
  author  = "Meadows, M",
  journal = "FDA Consumer Magazine",
  volume  = "January-February 2003",
  year    =  2003
}

@TECHREPORT{Raeburn2002-vm,
  title       = "Commentary: Congress should enact law requiring testing for
                 children's drugs",
  author      = "Raeburn, P",
  institution = "National Public Radio",
  year        =  2002
}

@ARTICLE{International_Conference_on2000-pp,
  title   = "E11: Clinical investigation of medicinal products in the pediatric
             population",
  author  = "International Conference on, Harmonization",
  journal = "Fed. Regist.",
  volume  =  65,
  number  =  71,
  pages   = "19777--19781",
  year    =  2000
}

@TECHREPORT{noauthor_2000-vk,
  title       = "Recommendations for Complying With the Pediatric Rule (21
                 {CFR} 314.55(a) and 601.27(a))",
  institution = "U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Food and Drug
                 Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research,
                 Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research",
  year        =  2000
}

@TECHREPORT{noauthor_2000-yg,
  title       = "Guidance for Industry: Pediatric oncology studies in response
                 to a written request. Draft Guidance",
  institution = "U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Food and Drug
                 Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research,
                 Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research",
  year        =  2000
}

@TECHREPORT{noauthor_1998-hr,
  title       = "Guidance for Industry: General considerations for pediatric
                 pharmacokinetic studies for drugs and biological products.
                 Draft Guidance",
  institution = "U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Food and Drug
                 Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research,
                 Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research",
  year        =  1998
}

@TECHREPORT{noauthor_1996-eq,
  title       = "Guidance for Industry: The content and format for pediatric
                 use supplements",
  institution = "Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and
                 Research, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research",
  year        =  1996
}

@MISC{noauthor_2001-bx,
  title  = "Best Pharmaceuticals for Children Act",
  number = "S.1789",
  pages  = "1--19",
  year   =  2001
}

@MISC{noauthor_1997-pm,
  title  = "Food and Drug Administration Modernization Act of 1997",
  number = "Public Law 105-115",
  pages  = "101--421",
  year   =  1997
}

@TECHREPORT{noauthor_2001-az,
  title       = "The pediatric exclusivity provision: Status report to Congress",
  institution = "Department of Health and Human Services, U.S. Food and Drug
                 Administration",
  year        =  2001
}

@TECHREPORT{noauthor_2002-tw,
  title       = "Center for Drug Evaluation and Research 2001 Report to the
                 Nation: Improving public health through human drugs",
  institution = "U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Food and Drug
                 Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research",
  year        =  2002
}

@ARTICLE{Kauffman1995-fr,
  title   = "Status of drug approval processes and regulation of medications
             for children",
  author  = "Kauffman, R E",
  journal = "Curr. Opin. Pediatr.",
  volume  =  7,
  number  =  2,
  pages   = "195--198",
  year    =  1995
}

@ARTICLE{Cote1996-no,
  title   = "Is the ``therapeutic orphan'' about to be adopted?",
  author  = "Cote, C J and Kauffman, R E and Troendle, G J and Lambert, G H",
  journal = "Pediatrics",
  volume  =  98,
  number  =  1,
  pages   = "118--123",
  year    =  1996
}

@ARTICLE{noauthor_1998-ys,
  title   = "Regulations requiring manufacturers to assess the safety and
             effectiveness of new drugs and biological products in pediatric
             patients. Final Rule",
  journal = "Fed. Regist.",
  volume  =  63,
  number  =  231,
  pages   = "66632--66672",
  year    =  1998
}

@TECHREPORT{noauthor_2001-pc,
  title       = "The pediatric exclusivity provision: January 2001 status
                 report to congress",
  institution = "Department of Health and Human Services,U.S. Food and Drug
                 Administration",
  year        =  2001
}

@ARTICLE{noauthor_2002-ji,
  title   = "Senators question {FDA} pediatric rule stay",
  journal = "Med. Mark. Media",
  pages   = "34",
  year    =  2002
}

@ARTICLE{noauthor_2002-tr,
  title   = "{FDA-mandated} pediatric drug testing challenged",
  journal = "Pediatr. Alert",
  volume  =  27,
  number  =  21,
  pages   = "125",
  year    =  2002
}

@ARTICLE{noauthor_2002-fs,
  title   = "Modern regulatory environment shaped by pediatric pharmacology",
  journal = "The Brown University Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology
             Update",
  volume  =  4,
  number  =  5,
  pages   = "1--3",
  year    =  2002
}

@ARTICLE{noauthor_2002-jv,
  title   = "Pediatric rule suspended, now reinstated",
  journal = "The Brown University Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology
             Update",
  volume  =  4,
  number  =  5,
  pages   = "1--3",
  year    =  2002
}

@ARTICLE{noauthor_2003-mn,
  title   = "Pediatric safety rule gaining momentum in Congress",
  journal = "Chemical Market Reporter",
  volume  = "January 6, 2003",
  pages   = "7",
  year    =  2003
}

@ARTICLE{noauthor_2001-ry,
  title   = "Pediatric rule challenge upheld in {U.S}. district court",
  journal = "Nutrition Health Review: The Consumer's Medical Journal",
  volume  =  2001,
  number  =  82,
  pages   = "18",
  year    =  2001
}

@ARTICLE{noauthor_2002-oc,
  title   = "Pediatric studies bill passes Senate committee",
  journal = "Med. Mark. Media",
  pages   = "38",
  year    =  2002
}

@ARTICLE{Barlas1999-ti,
  title   = "Associations file suit against {FDA} over new pediatric drug rules",
  author  = "Barlas, S",
  journal = "Drug Store News",
  volume  =  21,
  number  =  5,
  pages   = "3",
  year    =  1999
}

@MISC{Carr2002-ja,
  title  = "Protect children from 'safe' drugs",
  author = "Carr, K",
  pages  = "25a",
  year   =  2002
}

@ARTICLE{Connor1999-qa,
  title   = "A look at the future of pediatric therapeutics: An investigator's
             perspective of the new pediatric rule",
  author  = "Connor, J D",
  journal = "Pediatrics",
  volume  =  104,
  number  =  3,
  pages   = "610--613",
  year    =  1999
}

@MISC{Cooper2002-sa,
  title  = "{FDA} ruling harms America's children",
  author = "Cooper, L Z",
  pages  = "14a",
  year   =  2002
}

@ARTICLE{Crawley2002-bg,
  title   = "{U.S}. will defend {FDA} pediatric rule in court",
  author  = "Crawley, F P",
  journal = "Appl. Clin. Trials",
  pages   = "22",
  year    =  2002
}

@ARTICLE{Healy2002-lr,
  title   = "Toddlers in turmoil",
  author  = "Healy, B",
  journal = "U. S. News \& World Report",
  volume  =  133,
  number  =  23,
  pages   = "52",
  year    =  2002
}

@MISC{Kazman2002-jd,
  title  = "{FDA} overreaches",
  author = "Kazman, S",
  pages  = "12a",
  year   =  2002
}

@ARTICLE{Moore2002-kb,
  title   = "Reported adverse drug events in infants and children under 2 years
             of age",
  author  = "Moore, T J and Weiss, S R and Kaplan, S and Blaisdell, C J",
  journal = "Pediatrics",
  volume  =  110,
  number  =  5,
  pages   = "e53",
  year    =  2002
}

@ARTICLE{Speilberg1998-pu,
  title   = "New initiatives in pediatric therapeutics: the end to the
             therapeutic orphan?",
  author  = "Speilberg, S P",
  journal = "Pediatr. Alert",
  volume  =  23,
  number  =  5,
  pages   = "25--26",
  year    =  1998
}

@ARTICLE{Steinbrook2002-hj,
  title   = "Testing medications in children",
  author  = "Steinbrook, R",
  journal = "N. Engl. J. Med.",
  volume  =  347,
  number  =  18,
  pages   = "1462--1470",
  year    =  2002
}

@ARTICLE{Sutcliffe2003-nv,
  title   = "Testing new pharmaceutical products in children: a positive step,
             but ethical concerns remain",
  author  = "Sutcliffe, A G",
  journal = "Br. Med. J.",
  volume  =  326,
  pages   = "64--65",
  year    =  2003
}

@ARTICLE{Tauer1999-hl,
  title   = "Testing drugs in pediatric populations: the {FDA} mandate",
  author  = "Tauer, C A",
  journal = "Accountability in Research: Policies \& Quality Assurance",
  volume  =  7,
  number  =  1,
  pages   = "37--59",
  year    =  1999
}

@ARTICLE{Wang1992-bk,
  title   = "Predictors of body surface area",
  author  = "Wang, Y and Moss, J and Thisted, R",
  journal = "J. Clin. Anesth.",
  volume  =  4,
  number  =  1,
  pages   = "4--10",
  year    =  1992
}

@ARTICLE{Lam1988-hn,
  title   = "More on simplified calculation of body-surface area",
  author  = "Lam, T K and Leung, D T",
  journal = "N. Engl. J. Med.",
  volume  =  318,
  number  =  17,
  pages   = "1130",
  year    =  1988
}

@ARTICLE{Gehan1970-oe,
  title   = "Estimation of human body surface area from height and weight",
  author  = "Gehan, E A and George, S L",
  journal = "Cancer Chemother. Rep.",
  volume  =  54,
  number  =  4,
  pages   = "225--235",
  year    =  1970
}

@ARTICLE{Haycock1978-xn,
  title   = "Geometric method for measuring body surface area: a height-weight
             formula validated in infants, children, and adults",
  author  = "Haycock, G B and Schwartz, G J and Wisotsky, D H",
  journal = "J. Pediatr.",
  volume  =  93,
  number  =  1,
  pages   = "62--66",
  year    =  1978
}

@ARTICLE{Mosteller1987-bl,
  title   = "Simplified calculation of body-surface area",
  author  = "Mosteller, R D",
  journal = "N. Engl. J. Med.",
  volume  =  317,
  number  =  17,
  pages   = "1098",
  year    =  1987
}

@ARTICLE{Massicotte1996-pe,
  title   = "Low-molecular-weight heparin in pediatric patients with thrombotic
             disease: a dose finding study",
  author  = "Massicotte, P and Adams, M and Marzinotto, V and Brooker, L A and
             Andrew, M",
  journal = "J. Pediatr.",
  volume  =  128,
  number  =  3,
  pages   = "313--318",
  year    =  1996
}

@ARTICLE{Punzalan2000-rd,
  title   = "Low-molecular-weight heparin in thrombotic disease in children and
             adolescents",
  author  = "Punzalan, R C and Hillery, C A and Montgomery, R R and Scott, C A
             and Gill, J C",
  journal = "J. Pediatr. Hematol. Oncol.",
  volume  =  22,
  number  =  2,
  pages   = "137--142",
  year    =  2000
}

@ARTICLE{Sutor1997-co,
  title   = "Heparin therapy in pediatric patients",
  author  = "Sutor, A H and Massicotte, P and Leaker, M and Andrew, M",
  journal = "Semin. Thromb. Hemost.",
  volume  =  23,
  number  =  3,
  pages   = "303--319",
  year    =  1997
}

@ARTICLE{Dix2000-wm,
  title   = "The use of low molecular weight heparin in pediatric patients: a
             prospective cohort study",
  author  = "Dix, D and Andrew, M and Marzinotto, V and Charpentier, K and
             Bridge, S and Monagle, P and deVeber, G and Leaker, M and Chan, A
             K and Massicotte, M P",
  journal = "J. Pediatr.",
  volume  =  136,
  number  =  4,
  pages   = "439--445",
  year    =  2000
}

@ARTICLE{Sampson2003-fl,
  title   = "Randomized controlled trials in pediatric complementary and
             alternative medicine: Where can they be found?",
  author  = "Sampson, M and Campbell, K and Ajiferuke, I and Moher, D",
  journal = "BioMed Central Pediatrics",
  volume  =  3,
  number  =  1,
  pages   = "1",
  year    =  2003
}

@ARTICLE{Wahlby2002-zb,
  title   = "Assessment of type {I} error rates for the statistical sub-model
             in {NONMEM}",
  author  = "Wahlby, U and Bouw, M R and Jonsson, E N and Karlsson, M O",
  journal = "J. Pharmacokinet. Pharmacodyn.",
  volume  =  29,
  number  =  3,
  pages   = "251--269",
  year    =  2002
}

@ARTICLE{Cestac2003-xm,
  title   = "Utilisation and safety of low molecular weight heparins:
             prospective observational study in medical inpatients",
  author  = "Cestac, P and Bagheri, H and Lapeyre-Mestre, M and Sie, P and
             Fouladi, A and Maupas, E and Leger, P and Fontan, B and Massip, P
             and Montastruc, J L",
  journal = "Drug Saf.",
  volume  =  26,
  number  =  3,
  pages   = "197--207",
  year    =  2003
}

@ARTICLE{Cambus2002-ei,
  title   = "The pharmacodynamics of tinzaparin in healthy volunteers",
  author  = "Cambus, J P and Saivin, S and Heilmann, J J and Caplain, H and
             Boneu, B and Houin, G",
  journal = "Br. J. Haematol.",
  volume  =  116,
  number  =  3,
  pages   = "649--652",
  year    =  2002
}

@ARTICLE{Hainer2002-mq,
  title   = "Intravenous and subcutaneous weight-based dosing of the low
             molecular weight heparin tinzaparin (Innohep) in end-stage renal
             disease patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis",
  author  = "Hainer, J W and Sherrard, D J and Swan, S K and Barrett, J S and
             Assaid, C A and Fossler, M J and Cox, D S and Williams, R M and
             Pittenger, A L and Stephenson, C A and Hua, T A",
  journal = "Am. J. Kidney Dis.",
  volume  =  40,
  number  =  3,
  pages   = "531--538",
  year    =  2002
}

@ARTICLE{Hainer2002-vi,
  title   = "Dosing in heavy-weight/obese patients with the {LMWH}, tinzaparin:
             a pharmacodynamic study",
  author  = "Hainer, J W and Barrett, J S and Assaid, C A and Fossler, M J and
             Cox, D S and Leathers, T and Leese, P T",
  journal = "Thromb. Haemost.",
  volume  =  87,
  number  =  5,
  pages   = "817--823",
  year    =  2002
}

@ARTICLE{Nagge2002-hu,
  title   = "Is impaired renal function a contraindication to the use of
             low-molecular-weight heparin?",
  author  = "Nagge, J and Crowther, M and Hirsh, J",
  journal = "Arch. Intern. Med.",
  volume  =  162,
  number  =  22,
  pages   = "2605--2609",
  year    =  2002
}

@ARTICLE{Neely2002-ie,
  title   = "Tinzaparin sodium: a low-molecular-weight heparin",
  author  = "Neely, J L and Carlson, S S and Lenhart, S E",
  journal = "Am. J. Health. Syst. Pharm.",
  volume  =  59,
  number  =  15,
  pages   = "1426--1436",
  year    =  2002
}

@ARTICLE{Leaker1996-wu,
  title   = "Thrombolytic therapy in pediatric patients: a comprehensive review
             of the literature",
  author  = "Leaker, M and Massicotte, M P and Brooker, L A and Andrew, M",
  journal = "Thromb. Haemost.",
  volume  =  76,
  number  =  2,
  pages   = "132--134",
  year    =  1996
}

@ARTICLE{Andrew1992-je,
  title   = "Fibrin clot lysis by thrombolytic agents is impaired in newborns
             due to a low plasminogen concentration",
  author  = "Andrew, M and Brooker, L and Leaker, M and Paes, B and Weitz, J",
  journal = "Thromb. Haemost.",
  volume  =  68,
  number  =  3,
  pages   = "325--330",
  year    =  1992
}

@ARTICLE{Zenz1997-xw,
  title   = "Thrombolytic therapy in pediatric patients",
  author  = "Zenz, W and Arlt, F and Sodia, S",
  journal = "Thromb. Haemost.",
  volume  =  77,
  number  =  6,
  pages   = "1215--1216",
  year    =  1997
}

@ARTICLE{Garon2003-si,
  title   = "Monitoring low molecular weight heparins",
  author  = "Garon, J E",
  journal = "Clin. Leadersh. Manag. Rev.",
  volume  =  17,
  number  =  1,
  pages   = "47--50",
  year    =  2003
}

@ARTICLE{Bjornsson1979-oo,
  title   = "Use of serum creatinine concentrations to determine renal function",
  author  = "Bjornsson, T D",
  journal = "Clin. Pharmacokinet.",
  volume  =  4,
  number  =  3,
  pages   = "200--222",
  year    =  1979
}

@ARTICLE{Sheiner1999-dv,
  title   = "Population modelling in drug development",
  author  = "Sheiner, L and Wakefield, J",
  journal = "Stat. Methods Med. Res.",
  volume  =  8,
  number  =  3,
  pages   = "183--193",
  year    =  1999
}

@ARTICLE{Aarons1991-ox,
  title   = "Population pharmacokinetics: theory and practice",
  author  = "Aarons, L",
  journal = "Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol.",
  volume  =  32,
  number  =  6,
  pages   = "669--670",
  year    =  1991
}

@ARTICLE{Temple1987-ho,
  title   = "The clinical investigation of drugs for use by the elderly: Food
             and Drug guidelines",
  author  = "Temple, R",
  journal = "Clin. Pharmacol. Ther.",
  volume  =  42,
  number  =  6,
  pages   = "681--685",
  year    =  1987
}

@ARTICLE{Aarons1999-uj,
  title   = "Software for population pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics",
  author  = "Aarons, L",
  journal = "Clin. Pharmacokinet.",
  volume  =  36,
  number  =  4,
  pages   = "255--264",
  year    =  1999
}

@ARTICLE{Olson2000-df,
  title   = "Impact of population pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic analyses on
             the drug development process: experience at {Parke-Davis}",
  author  = "Olson, S C and Bockbrader, H and Boyd, R A and Cook, J and Koup, J
             R and Lalonde, R L and Siedlik, P H and Powell, J R",
  journal = "Clin. Pharmacokinet.",
  volume  =  38,
  number  =  5,
  pages   = "449--459",
  year    =  2000
}

@ARTICLE{Reigner1997-bx,
  title   = "An evaluation of the integration of pharmacokinetic and
             pharmacodynamic principles in clinical drug development.
             Experience within Hoffmann La Roche",
  author  = "Reigner, B G and Williams, P E and Patel, I H and Steimer, J L and
             Peck, C and van Brummelen, P",
  journal = "Clin. Pharmacokinet.",
  volume  =  33,
  number  =  2,
  pages   = "142--152",
  year    =  1997
}

@ARTICLE{Vrijens1999-wr,
  title   = "The impact of compliance in pharmacokinetic studies",
  author  = "Vrijens, B and Goetghebeur, E",
  journal = "Stat. Methods Med. Res.",
  volume  =  8,
  number  =  3,
  pages   = "247--262",
  year    =  1999
}

@ARTICLE{Boxenbaum1974-fh,
  title   = "Statistical estimations in pharmacokinetics",
  author  = "Boxenbaum, H G and Riegelman, S and Elashoff, R M",
  journal = "J. Pharmacokinet. Biopharm.",
  volume  =  2,
  number  =  2,
  pages   = "123--148",
  year    =  1974
}

@ARTICLE{Nestorov2001-fw,
  title   = "Modelling and simulation of variability and uncertainty in
             toxicokinetics and pharmacokinetics",
  author  = "Nestorov, I",
  journal = "Toxicol. Lett.",
  volume  =  120,
  number  = "1-3",
  pages   = "411--420",
  year    =  2001
}

@ARTICLE{Holford2000-ft,
  title   = "Simulation of clinical trials",
  author  = "Holford, N H and Kimko, H C and Monteleone, J P and Peck, C C",
  journal = "Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol.",
  volume  =  40,
  pages   = "209--234",
  year    =  2000
}

@ARTICLE{Chan2001-js,
  title   = "Drug treatment effects on disease progression",
  author  = "Chan, P L and Holford, N H",
  journal = "Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol.",
  volume  =  41,
  pages   = "625--659",
  year    =  2001
}

@ARTICLE{Jelliffe1973-jj,
  title   = "Letter: Creatinine clearance: bedside estimate",
  author  = "Jelliffe, R W",
  journal = "Ann. Intern. Med.",
  volume  =  79,
  number  =  4,
  pages   = "604--605",
  year    =  1973
}

@TECHREPORT{noauthor_2000-nv,
  title       = "Clinical study protocol. Pharmacokinetic study of tinzaparin
                 in paediatric patients: A dose finding study of tinzaparin
                 (innohepr) in children with venous or arterial thromboembolic
                 diseases. An open label, dose finding study",
  institution = "Leo Pharmaceutical Products Medical Department",
  year        =  2000
}

@ARTICLE{Linhardt1999-yf,
  title   = "Production and chemical processing of low molecular weight
             heparins",
  author  = "Linhardt, R J and Gunay, N S",
  journal = "Semin. Thromb. Hemost.",
  volume  = "25 Suppl 3",
  pages   = "5--16",
  year    =  1999
}

@ARTICLE{Holford1996-sz,
  title   = "A size standard for pharmacokinetics",
  author  = "Holford, N H",
  journal = "Clin. Pharmacokinet.",
  volume  =  30,
  pages   = "329--332",
  year    =  1996
}

@ARTICLE{Anderson1997-oa,
  title   = "Size, myths and the clinical pharmacokinetics of analgesia in
             paediatric patients",
  author  = "Anderson, B J and McKee, A D and Holford, N H",
  journal = "Clin. Pharmacokinet.",
  volume  =  33,
  pages   = "313--327",
  year    =  1997
}

@ARTICLE{West1999-ez,
  title   = "The fourth dimension of life: fractal geometry and allometric
             scaling of organisms",
  author  = "West, G B and Brown, J H and Enquist, B J",
  journal = "Science",
  volume  =  284,
  number  =  5420,
  pages   = "1677--1679",
  year    =  1999
}

@ARTICLE{Siragusa1996-ll,
  title   = "Low molecular weight heparins and unfractionated heparin in the
             treatment of patients with acute venous thromboembolism: Results
             of a meta-analysis",
  author  = "Siragusa, S and Cosmi, B and Piovella, F and Hirsh, J and
             Ginsberg, J S",
  journal = "Am. J. Med.",
  volume  =  100,
  pages   = "1--9",
  year    =  1996
}

@ARTICLE{Broyer1991-fa,
  title   = "Preventive treatment of vascular thrombosis after kidney
             transplantation in children with low molecular weight heparin",
  author  = "Broyer, M and Gagnadoux, M F and Sierro, A and Fischer, A M and
             Niaudet, P",
  journal = "Transplant. Proc.",
  volume  =  23,
  pages   = "1384--1385",
  year    =  1991
}

@ARTICLE{DeVeber1998-vs,
  title   = "Anticoagulation therapy in paediatric patients with sinovenous
             thrombosis: A cohort study",
  author  = "deVeber, G and Chan, A and Monagle, P and Marzinotto, V and
             Massicotte, M P and Leaker, M and Andrew, M",
  journal = "Arch. Neurol.",
  volume  =  55,
  pages   = "1533--1537",
  year    =  1998
}

@ARTICLE{Hashikura1995-ox,
  title   = "Prevention of hepatic artery thrombosis in paediatric liver
             transplantation",
  author  = "Hashikura, Y and Kawasaki, S and Okumura, N and Ishikawa, S and
             Matsunami, H and Ikegami, T and Nakazawa, Y and Makuuchi, M",
  journal = "Transplantation",
  volume  =  60,
  pages   = "1109--1112",
  year    =  1995
}

@ARTICLE{Van_Bilijon1996-uf,
  title   = "Low molecular weight heparin for anticoagulation during
             haemodialysis in children: A preliminary study (letter)",
  author  = "van Bilijon, I and van Damme-Lombaerts, R and Demol, A and van
             Geet, C and Proesmans, W and Arnout, J",
  journal = "Eur. J. Radiol.",
  volume  =  155,
  pages   = "70--71",
  year    =  1996
}

@ARTICLE{Massicotte1997-bk,
  title   = "A nomogram to establish therapeutic levels of the low molecular
             weight heparin ({LMWH)}, clivarine in children requiring treatment
             for venous thromboembolism ({VTE})",
  author  = "Massicotte, M P and Adams, M and Leaker, M and Andrew, M",
  journal = "Thromb. Haemost.",
  volume  = "Suppl",
  pages   = "282(Abstr.)",
  year    =  1997
}

@ARTICLE{Rockoff1984-ui,
  title   = "Fatal pulmonary embolism following removal of a central venous
             catheter",
  author  = "Rockoff, M A and Gang, D L and Vacanti, J P",
  journal = "J. Pediatr. Surg.",
  volume  =  19,
  number  =  3,
  pages   = "307--309",
  year    =  1984
}

@ARTICLE{Mulvihill1984-xi,
  title   = "Complications of superior versus inferior vena cava occlusion in
             infants receiving central total parenteral nutrition",
  author  = "Mulvihill, S J and Fonkalsrud, E W",
  journal = "J. Pediatr. Surg.",
  volume  =  19,
  number  =  6,
  pages   = "752--757",
  year    =  1984
}

@ARTICLE{Hull1992-gh,
  title   = "Subcutaneous low molecular weight heparin compared with continuous
             intravenous heparin in the initial treatment of proximal vein
             thrombosis",
  author  = "Hull, R D and Raskob, G E and Pineo, G F and Green, D and
             Trowbridge, A A and Elliott, C G and Lerner, R G and Hall, J and
             Sparling, T and Brettell, H R",
  journal = "N. Engl. J. Med.",
  volume  =  326,
  pages   = "975--982",
  year    =  1992
}

@ARTICLE{Simonneau1997-ws,
  title   = "A comparison of low molecular weight heparin with unfractionated
             heparin for acute pulmonary embolism",
  author  = "Simonneau, G and Sors, H and Charbonnier, B and Page, Y and
             Laaban, J P and Azarian, R and Laurent, M and Hirsch, J L and
             Ferrari, E and Bosson, J L and Mottier, D and Beau, B",
  journal = "N. Engl. J. Med.",
  volume  =  337,
  number  =  10,
  pages   = "663--669",
  year    =  1997
}

@BOOK{Gibaldi1982-kn,
  title     = "Pharmacokinetics",
  author    = "Gibaldi, M and Perrier, D",
  publisher = "Marcel Dekker, Inc.",
  year      =  1982,
  address   = "New York"
}

@TECHREPORT{noauthor_2003-ff,
  title       = "Guidance for Industry: Part 11, electronic records; electronic
                 signatures -- scope and application. Draft Guidance",
  institution = "U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Food and Drug
                 Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research,
                 Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Center for
                 Devices and Radiological Health, Center for Food Safety and
                 Applied Nutrition, Center for Veterinary Medicine, Office of
                 Regulatory Affairs",
  month       =  feb,
  year        =  2003
}

@TECHREPORT{noauthor_1995-nw,
  title       = "Glossary of computerized system and software development
                 terminology",
  institution = "Division of Field Investigations, Office of Regional
                 Operations, Office of Regulatory Affairs, FDA",
  year        =  1995
}

@TECHREPORT{noauthor_2002-bs,
  title       = "General principles fo software validation; final guidance for
                 industry and {FDA} staff",
  institution = "FDA, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Center for
                 Biologics Evaluation and Research",
  year        =  2002
}

@TECHREPORT{noauthor_1999-bh,
  title       = "Guidance for Industry: {FDA} reviewers, and compliance on
                 off-the-shelf software use in medical devices",
  institution = "FDA, Center for Devices and Radiological Health",
  year        =  1999
}

@TECHREPORT{noauthor_2002-jl,
  title       = "Pharmaceutical {cGMPs} for the 21st century: a risk-based
                 apporach; a science and risk-based approach to product quality
                 regulation incorporating an integrated quality systems
                 approach",
  institution = "FDA",
  year        =  2002
}

@TECHREPORT{noauthor_2002-ev,
  title       = "{NIST} Special Publication {SP800-30}: Risk management guide
                 for information technology systems",
  institution = "National Institute of Standards and Technology, U.S.
                 Department of Commerce",
  year        =  2002
}

@TECHREPORT{noauthor_2001-qs,
  title       = "The Good Automated Manufacturing Practice ({GAMP}) guide for
                 validation of automated, {GAMP} 4",
  institution = "ISPE/GAMP Forum",
  year        =  2001
}

@ARTICLE{Bara1999-df,
  title   = "Occurrence of thrombosis and haemorrhage, relationship with
             anti-Xa, {anti-IIa} activities, and D-dimer plasma levels in
             patients receiving a low molecular weight heparin, enoxaparin or
             tinzaparin, to prevent deep vein thrombosis after hip surgery",
  author  = "Bara, L and Planes, A and Samama, M M",
  journal = "Br. J. Haematol.",
  volume  =  104,
  number  =  2,
  pages   = "230--240",
  year    =  1999
}

@ARTICLE{Andrew1998-ve,
  title   = "Guidelines for antithrombotic therapy in pediatric patients",
  author  = "Andrew, M and Michelson, A D and Bovill, E and Leaker, M and
             Massicotte, M P",
  journal = "J. Pediatr.",
  volume  =  132,
  number  =  4,
  pages   = "575--588",
  year    =  1998
}

@TECHREPORT{DArgenio1997-ad,
  title       = "{ADAPT} {II} User's Guide: {Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic}
                 Systems Analysis Software",
  author      = "D'Argenio, D Z and Schumitzky, A",
  institution = "Biomedical Simulations Resource, University of Southern
                 California",
  year        =  1997
}

@ARTICLE{Fijnvandraat1993-gt,
  title   = "A crossover-over dose finding study investigating a low molecular
             weight heparin (Fragminr) in six children on chronic hemodialysis",
  author  = "Fijnvandraat, K and Nurmohamed, M T and Peters, M",
  journal = "Thromb. Haemost.",
  volume  =  69,
  pages   = "649",
  year    =  1993
}

@INCOLLECTION{Gastonguay2003-yx,
  title     = "Optimizing a Bayesian dose-adjustment scheme for a pediatric
               trial: A simulation study",
  booktitle = "Simulation for designing clinical trials: A
               pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling perspective",
  author    = "Gastonguay, M R and Gibiansky, E and Gibiansky, L and Barrett, J
               S and {Kimko} and {Duffull}",
  publisher = "Marcel Dekker, Inc.",
  year      =  2003,
  address   = "New York"
}

@BOOK{Gelman1995-lk,
  title     = "Bayesian data analysis",
  author    = "Gelman, A and Carlin, J B and Stern, H S and Rubin, D B",
  publisher = "Chapman \& Hall",
  year      =  1995,
  address   = "London"
}

@ARTICLE{Gisleskog2002-ee,
  title   = "Use of prior information to stabilize a population data analysis",
  author  = "Gisleskog, P O and Karlsson, M O and Beal, S L",
  journal = "J. Pharmacokinet. Pharmacodyn.",
  volume  =  29,
  number  = "5/6",
  pages   = "473--505",
  year    =  2002
}

@ARTICLE{Hull1993-sj,
  title   = "A comparison of subcutaneous low-molecular weight heparin with
             warfarin sodium for prophylaxis against deep-vein thrombosis after
             hip or knee implantation",
  author  = "Hull, R D and Raskob, G E and Pineo, G F and Rosenbloom, D and
             Evans, W and Mallory, T and Anquist, K and Smith, F and Hughes, G
             and Green, D and Elliott, C G and Panju, A and Brant, R",
  journal = "N. Engl. J. Med.",
  volume  =  329,
  pages   = "1370--1376",
  year    =  1993
}

@ARTICLE{Leizorovicz1991-mk,
  title   = "Prevention of perioperative deep vein thrombosis in gereral
             surgery: A multicenter double blind study comparing two doses of
             logiparin and standard heparin",
  author  = "Leizorovicz, A and Picolet, H and Peyrieux, J C and Boissel, J P
             and Group, Hbpm Research",
  journal = "Br. J. Surg.",
  volume  =  78,
  pages   = "412--416",
  year    =  1991
}

@ARTICLE{Murdoch1993-un,
  title   = "Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia in children",
  author  = "Murdoch, I A and Beattie, R M and Silver, D M",
  journal = "Acta Paediatr.",
  volume  =  82,
  number  =  5,
  pages   = "495--497",
  year    =  1993
}

@ARTICLE{Nader1999-ll,
  title   = "Preclinical differentiation of low molecular weight heparins",
  author  = "Nader, H B and Walenga, J M and Berkowitz, S D and Ofosu, F and
             Hoppensteadt, D A and Cella, G",
  journal = "Semin. Thromb. Hemost.",
  volume  = "25 Suppl 3",
  pages   = "63--72",
  year    =  1999
}

@ARTICLE{Nohe1999-st,
  title   = "The low molecular weight heparin dalteparin for prophylaxis and
             therapy of thrombosis in childhood: a report on 48 cases",
  author  = "Nohe, N and Flemmer, A and Rumler, R and Praun, M and Auberger, K",
  journal = "Eur. J. Pediatr.",
  volume  = "158 Suppl 3",
  pages   = "S134--S139",
  year    =  1999
}

@ARTICLE{Ryan1991-px,
  title   = "Dose finding study of a low molecular weight heparin, Innohep, in
             haemodialysis",
  author  = "Ryan, K E and Lane, D A and Flynn, A and Shepperd, J and Ireland,
             H A and Curtis, J R",
  journal = "Thromb. Haemost.",
  volume  =  66,
  number  =  3,
  pages   = "277--282",
  year    =  1991
}

@ARTICLE{Samama2000-bs,
  title   = "Comparative pharmacokinetics of {LMWHs}",
  author  = "Samama, M M and Gerotziafas, G T",
  journal = "Semin. Thromb. Hemost.",
  volume  = "26 Suppl 1",
  pages   = "31--38",
  year    =  2000
}

@BOOK{Wagner1975-gv,
  title     = "Fundamentals of clinical pharmacokinetics",
  author    = "Wagner, J G",
  publisher = "Drug Intelligence Publications, Inc.",
  year      =  1975,
  address   = "Hamilton, Illinois"
}

@TECHREPORT{noauthor_1999-es,
  title = "Simulation in drug development: Good practices. Draft publication of
           the Center for Drug Development Science. Draft version 1.0",
  year  =  1999
}

@ARTICLE{Angers2003-iz,
  title   = "A Bayesian analysis of zero-in\&ated generalized Poisson model",
  author  = "Angers, J and Biswas, A",
  journal = "Comput. Stat. Data Anal.",
  volume  =  42,
  pages   = "37--46",
  year    =  2003
}

@ARTICLE{noauthor_2003-gy,
  title   = "Administration to seek legislation for mandatory pediatric tests",
  journal = "AAPS Newsmagazine",
  pages   = "6--7",
  year    =  2003
}

@ARTICLE{Anderson2002-rw,
  title   = "Acetaminophen Developmental Pharmacokinetics inPremature Neonates
             and Infants",
  author  = "Anderson, B J and van Lingen, R A and Hansen, T G and Lin, Y and
             Holford, N H G",
  journal = "Anesthesiology",
  volume  =  96,
  number  =  6,
  pages   = "1336--1345",
  year    =  2002
}

@ARTICLE{Armoundas2002-qi,
  title   = "A Stochastic Nonlinear Autoregressive Algorithm Reflects Nonlinear
             Dynamics of {Heart-Rate} Fluctuations",
  author  = "Armoundas, A A and Ju, K and Iyengar, N and Kanters, J K and Saul,
             P J and Cohen, R J and Chon, K H",
  journal = "Ann. Biomed. Eng.",
  volume  =  30,
  pages   = "192--201",
  year    =  2002
}

@TECHREPORT{Jelliffe1993-mv,
  title  = "Technical Report 93-2: Effect of assumptions concerning assay error
            patterns upon pharmacokinetic parameter values and model behavior",
  author = "Jelliffe, R W",
  year   =  1993
}

@ARTICLE{Rajagopalan2003-am,
  title   = "Population pharmacokinetics of ciprofloxacin in pediatric patients",
  author  = "Rajagopalan, P and Gastonguay, M R",
  journal = "J. Clin. Pharmacol.",
  volume  =  43,
  number  =  7,
  pages   = "698--710",
  year    =  2003
}

@ARTICLE{Vicini2002-bf,
  title   = "Model-based approaches to biomarker discovery and evaluation: a
             multidisciplinary integrated review",
  author  = "Vicini, P and Gastonguay, M R and Foster, D M",
  journal = "Crit. Rev. Biomed. Eng.",
  volume  =  30,
  number  = "4-6",
  pages   = "379--418",
  year    =  2002
}

@ARTICLE{Bies2002-ft,
  title   = "Evaluating the consistency of pharmacotherapy exposure by use of
             state-of-the-art techniques",
  author  = "Bies, R R and Gastonguay, M R and Coley, K C and Kroboth, P D and
             Pollock, B G",
  journal = "Am. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry",
  volume  =  10,
  number  =  6,
  pages   = "696--705",
  year    =  2002
}

@ARTICLE{Bayer1992-ju,
  title   = "Distinction between the in vitro and in vivo inhibitory effects of
             morphine on lymphocyte proliferation based on agonist sensitivity
             and naltrexone reversibility",
  author  = "Bayer, B M and Gastonguay, M R and Hernandez, M C",
  journal = "Immunopharmacology",
  volume  =  23,
  number  =  2,
  pages   = "117--124",
  year    =  1992
}

@ARTICLE{Monagle2001-zm,
  title   = "Antithrombotic therapy in children",
  author  = "Monagle, P and Michelson, A D and Bovill, E and Andrew, M",
  journal = "Chest",
  volume  =  119,
  number  = "1 Suppl",
  pages   = "344S--370S",
  year    =  2001
}

@ARTICLE{Anderson2003-aa,
  title   = "Adverse drug reactions in breastfed infants: less than imagined",
  author  = "Anderson, P O and Pochop, S L and Manoguerra, A S",
  journal = "Clin. Pediatr.",
  volume  =  42,
  number  =  4,
  pages   = "325--340",
  year    =  2003
}

@ARTICLE{Meadow2002-ou,
  title   = "Current opinion in pediatrics: ethics and law 2001",
  author  = "Meadow, W and Goldblatt, A D and Lantos, J",
  journal = "Curr. Opin. Pediatr.",
  volume  =  14,
  number  =  2,
  pages   = "170--173",
  year    =  2002
}

@ARTICLE{Green2003-qy,
  title   = "Development of a dosing strategy for enoxaparin in obese patients",
  author  = "Green, B and Duffull, S B",
  journal = "Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol.",
  volume  =  56,
  number  =  1,
  pages   = "96--103",
  year    =  2003
}

@ARTICLE{Hu2003-yp,
  title   = "A joint model for nonlinear longitudinal data with informative
             dropout",
  author  = "Hu, C and Sale, M E",
  journal = "J. Pharmacokinet. Pharmacodyn.",
  volume  =  30,
  number  =  1,
  pages   = "83--103",
  year    =  2003
}

@ARTICLE{Retout2003-jx,
  title   = "Further developments of the Fisher information matrix in nonlinear
             mixed effects models with evaluation in population
             pharmacokinetics",
  author  = "Retout, S and Mentre, F",
  journal = "J. Biopharm. Stat.",
  volume  =  13,
  number  =  2,
  pages   = "209--227",
  year    =  2003
}

@ARTICLE{Odoul2002-ii,
  title   = "Population pharmacokinetics of cisapride in neonates",
  author  = "Odoul, F and Le Guellec, C and Henrot, A and Saliba, E and Levron,
             J C and Saux, M C and Paintaud, G and Autret-Leca, E",
  journal = "Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol.",
  volume  =  58,
  number  =  8,
  pages   = "507--513",
  year    =  2002
}

@ARTICLE{Martin-Suarez2002-li,
  title   = "Population pharmacokinetics of digoxin in pediatric patients",
  author  = "Martin-Suarez, A and Falcao, A C and Outeda, M and Hernandez, F J
             and Gonzalez, M C and Quero, M and Arranz, I and Lanao, J M",
  journal = "Ther. Drug Monit.",
  volume  =  24,
  number  =  6,
  pages   = "742--745",
  year    =  2002
}

@ARTICLE{Leger2002-lb,
  title   = "Estimation of glomerular filtration rate in children",
  author  = "Leger, F and Bouissou, F and Coulais, Y and Tafani, M and
             Chatelut, E",
  journal = "Pediatr. Nephrol.",
  volume  =  17,
  number  =  11,
  pages   = "903--907",
  year    =  2002
}

@ARTICLE{El_Desoky2002-ea,
  title   = "Population pharmacokinetics of digoxin in Egyptian pediatric
             patients: impact of one data point utilization",
  author  = "El Desoky, E S and Nagaraja, N V and Derendorf, H",
  journal = "Am. J. Ther.",
  volume  =  9,
  number  =  6,
  pages   = "492--498",
  year    =  2002
}

@ARTICLE{Ette2002-zm,
  title   = "Estimating inestimable standard errors in population
             pharmacokinetic studies: the bootstrap with Winsorization",
  author  = "Ette, E I and Onyiah, L C",
  journal = "Eur. J. Drug Metab. Pharmacokinet.",
  volume  =  27,
  number  =  3,
  pages   = "213--224",
  year    =  2002
}

@ARTICLE{Mu2003-va,
  title   = "Estimation of population pharmacokinetic parameters in the
             presence of non-compliance",
  author  = "Mu, S and Ludden, T M",
  journal = "J. Pharmacokinet. Pharmacodyn.",
  volume  =  30,
  number  =  1,
  pages   = "53--81",
  year    =  2003
}

@ARTICLE{Gurrin2003-fr,
  title   = "Uising {WinBUGS} to fit nonlinear mixed models with an application
             to pharmacokinetic modelling of insulin response to glucose
             challenge in sheep exposed antenatally to glucocorticoids",
  author  = "Gurrin, L C and Moss, T J and Sloboda, D M and Hazelton, M L and
             Challis, J R and Newnham, J P",
  journal = "J. Biopharm. Stat.",
  volume  =  13,
  number  =  1,
  pages   = "117--139",
  year    =  2003
}

@ARTICLE{Meineke2003-jp,
  title   = "Population pharmacokinetic analysis of meloxicam in rheumatoid
             arthritis patients",
  author  = "Meineke, I and Turck, D",
  journal = "Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol.",
  volume  =  55,
  number  =  1,
  pages   = "32--38",
  year    =  2003
}

@ARTICLE{Lunn2002-xz,
  title   = "Bayesian analysis of population {PK/PD} models: general concepts
             and software",
  author  = "Lunn, D J and Best, N and Thomas, A and Wakefield, J and
             Spiegelhalter, D",
  journal = "J. Pharmacokinet. Pharmacodyn.",
  volume  =  29,
  number  =  3,
  pages   = "271--307",
  year    =  2002
}

@ARTICLE{Jonsson2003-nc,
  title   = "The Bayesian population approach to physiological
             toxicokinetic-toxicodynamic models--an example using the {MCSim}
             software",
  author  = "Jonsson, F and Johanson, G",
  journal = "Toxicol. Lett.",
  volume  =  138,
  number  = "1-2",
  pages   = "143--150",
  year    =  2003
}

@ARTICLE{Nestorov2002-tp,
  title   = "Incorporating measures of variability and uncertainty into the
             prediction of in vivo hepatic clearance from in vitro data",
  author  = "Nestorov, I and Gueorguieva, I and Jones, H M and Houston, B and
             Rowland, M",
  journal = "Drug Metab. Dispos.",
  volume  =  30,
  number  =  3,
  pages   = "276--282",
  year    =  2002
}

@ARTICLE{Nestorov1997-da,
  title   = "Physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling of a homologous
             series of barbiturates in the rat: a sensitivity analysis",
  author  = "Nestorov, I A and Aarons, L J and Rowland, M",
  journal = "J. Pharmacokinet. Biopharm.",
  volume  =  25,
  number  =  4,
  pages   = "413--447",
  year    =  1997
}

@ARTICLE{Schiltmeyer2003-ye,
  title   = "Population pharmacokinetics of oral busulfan in children",
  author  = "Schiltmeyer, B and Klingebiel, T and Schwab, M and Murdter, T E
             and Ritter, C A and Jenke, A and Ehninger, G and Gruhn, B and
             Wurthwein, G and Boos, J and Hempel, G",
  journal = "Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol.",
  year    =  2003
}

@ARTICLE{Beal2002-iy,
  title   = "Commentary on significance levels for covariate effects in
             {NONMEM}",
  author  = "Beal, S L",
  journal = "J. Pharmacokinet. Pharmacodyn.",
  volume  =  29,
  number  =  4,
  pages   = "403--410",
  year    =  2002
}

@ARTICLE{Schoemaker2002-tu,
  title   = "Development of an optimal pharmacokinetic sampling schedule for
             rubitecan administered orally in a daily times five schedule",
  author  = "Schoemaker, N E and Mathot, R A and Schoffski, P and Rosing, H and
             Schellens, J H and Beijnen, J H",
  journal = "Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol.",
  volume  =  50,
  number  =  6,
  pages   = "514--517",
  year    =  2002
}

@ARTICLE{Cooper2003-ee,
  title   = "Use of Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods to model
             cost-of-illness data",
  author  = "Cooper, N J and Sutton, A J and Mugford, M and Abrams, K R",
  journal = "Med. Decis. Making",
  volume  =  23,
  number  =  1,
  pages   = "38--53",
  year    =  2003
}

@ARTICLE{Delaney2003-im,
  title   = "A comparison of Bayesian and maximum likelihood methods to
             determine the performance of a point of care test for Helicobacter
             pylori in the office setting",
  author  = "Delaney, B C and Holder, R L and Allan, T F and Kenkre, J E and
             Hobbs, F D",
  journal = "Med. Decis. Making",
  volume  =  23,
  number  =  1,
  pages   = "21--30",
  year    =  2003
}

@ARTICLE{Cooper2002-nh,
  title   = "Decision analytical economic modelling within a Bayesian
             framework: application to prophylactic antibiotics use for
             caesarean section",
  author  = "Cooper, N J and Sutton, A J and Abrams, K R",
  journal = "Stat. Methods Med. Res.",
  volume  =  11,
  number  =  6,
  pages   = "491--512",
  year    =  2002
}

@ARTICLE{Burton2003-ml,
  title   = "Correcting for nonrandom ascertainment in generalized linear mixed
             models ({GLMMs)}, fitted using Gibbs sampling",
  author  = "Burton, P R",
  journal = "Genet. Epidemiol.",
  volume  =  24,
  number  =  1,
  pages   = "24--35",
  year    =  2003
}

@ARTICLE{Kuhan2002-ci,
  title   = "A Bayesian hierarchical approach to comparative audit for carotid
             surgery",
  author  = "Kuhan, G and Marshall, E C and Abidia, A F and Chetter, I C and
             McCollum, P T",
  journal = "Eur. J. Vasc. Endovasc. Surg.",
  volume  =  24,
  number  =  6,
  pages   = "505--510",
  year    =  2002
}

@ARTICLE{Qiu2002-sb,
  title   = "Bayesian hierarchical models for multi-level repeated ordinal data
             using {WinBUGS}",
  author  = "Qiu, Z and Song, P X and Tan, M",
  journal = "J. Biopharm. Stat.",
  volume  =  12,
  number  =  2,
  pages   = "121--135",
  year    =  2002
}

@ARTICLE{Ades2002-xq,
  title   = "Markov chain Monte Carlo estimation of a multiparameter decision
             model: consistency of evidence and the accurate assessment of
             uncertainty",
  author  = "Ades, A E and Cliffe, S",
  journal = "Med. Decis. Making",
  volume  =  22,
  number  =  4,
  pages   = "359--371",
  year    =  2002
}

@ARTICLE{Dalrymple2003-ch,
  title   = "Finite mixture, zero-inflated poisson and hurdle models with
             application to {SIDS}",
  author  = "Dalrymple, M L and Hudson, I L and Ford, R P K",
  journal = "Comput. Stat. Data Anal.",
  volume  =  41,
  pages   = "491--504",
  year    =  2003
}

@ARTICLE{Anderson2002-zc,
  title   = "Scaling for size: some implications for paediatric anaesthesia
             dosing",
  author  = "Anderson, B J and Meakin, G H",
  journal = "Paediatr. Anaesth.",
  volume  =  12,
  number  =  3,
  pages   = "205--219",
  year    =  2002
}

@ARTICLE{Corley2003-ay,
  title   = "Evaluation of physiologically based models of pregnancy and
             lactation for their application in children's health risk
             assessments",
  author  = "Corley, R A and Mast, T J and Carney, E W and Rogers, J M and
             Daston, G P",
  journal = "Crit. Rev. Toxicol.",
  volume  =  33,
  number  =  2,
  pages   = "137--211",
  year    =  2003
}

@ARTICLE{Dokoumetzidis2001-wt,
  title   = "Nonlinear dynamics and chaos theory: concepts and applications
             relevant to pharmacodynamics",
  author  = "Dokoumetzidis, A and Iliadis, A and Macheras, P",
  journal = "Pharm. Res.",
  volume  =  18,
  number  =  4,
  pages   = "415--426",
  year    =  2001
}

@ARTICLE{Sugihara1996-nj,
  title   = "Nonlinear control of heart rate variability in human infants",
  author  = "Sugihara, G and Allan, W and Sobel, D and Allan, K D",
  journal = "Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.",
  volume  =  93,
  number  =  6,
  pages   = "2608--2613",
  year    =  1996
}

@ARTICLE{Jonsson2002-ww,
  title   = "More efficient clinical trials through use of scientific
             model-based statistical tests",
  author  = "Jonsson, E N and Sheiner, L B",
  journal = "Clin. Pharmacol. Ther.",
  volume  =  72,
  number  =  6,
  pages   = "603--614",
  year    =  2002
}

@ARTICLE{Benet2002-sf,
  title   = "Changes in plasma protein binding have little clinical relevance",
  author  = "Benet, L Z and Hoener, B A",
  journal = "Clin. Pharmacol. Ther.",
  volume  =  71,
  number  =  3,
  pages   = "115--121",
  year    =  2002
}

@ARTICLE{Weber2002-ts,
  title   = "Lessons learned from a phase {III} population pharmacokinetic
             study of cariporide in coronary artery bypass graft surgery",
  author  = "Weber, W and Harnisch, L and Jessel, A",
  journal = "Clin. Pharmacol. Ther.",
  volume  =  71,
  number  =  6,
  pages   = "457--467",
  year    =  2002
}

@ARTICLE{Lotsch2002-el,
  title   = "Pharmacokinetic modeling to predict morphine and
             morphine-6-glucuronide plasma concentrations in healthy young
             volunteers",
  author  = "Lotsch, J and Skarke, C and Schmidt, H and Liefhold, J and
             Geisslinger, G",
  journal = "Clin. Pharmacol. Ther.",
  volume  =  72,
  number  =  2,
  pages   = "151--162",
  year    =  2002
}

@ARTICLE{De_Wildt1999-rn,
  title   = "Cytochrome {P450} 3A: ontogeny and drug disposition",
  author  = "de Wildt, S N and Kearns, G L and Leeder, J S and van den Anker, J
             N",
  journal = "Clin. Pharmacokinet.",
  volume  =  37,
  number  =  6,
  pages   = "485--505",
  year    =  1999
}

@ARTICLE{Cox1998-dp,
  title   = "Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling of the
             electroencephalogram effect of synthetic opioids in the rat:
             correlation with the interaction at the mu-opioid receptor",
  author  = "Cox, E H and Kerbusch, T and Van der Graaf, P H and Danhof, M",
  journal = "J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.",
  volume  =  284,
  number  =  3,
  pages   = "1095--1103",
  year    =  1998
}

@ARTICLE{Chung2002-hy,
  title   = "Increase in urea in conjunction with L-arginine metabolism in the
             liver leads to induction of cytochrome {P450} {2E1} ({CYP2E1)}:
             the role of urea in {CYP2E1} induction by acute renal failure",
  author  = "Chung, H C and Kim, S H and Lee, M G and Kim, S G",
  journal = "Drug Metab. Dispos.",
  volume  =  30,
  number  =  6,
  pages   = "739--746",
  year    =  2002
}

@ARTICLE{Tanaka1999-uv,
  title   = "Physiologically based pharmacokinetics of cyclosporine A:
             reevaluation of dose-nonlinear kinetics in rats",
  author  = "Tanaka, C and Kawai, R and Rowland, M",
  journal = "J. Pharmacokinet. Biopharm.",
  volume  =  27,
  number  =  6,
  pages   = "597--623",
  year    =  1999
}

@ARTICLE{Wahlby2002-th,
  title   = "Reply to the commentary",
  author  = "Wahlby, U and Jonsson, E N and Karlsson, M O",
  journal = "J. Pharmacokinet. Pharmacodyn.",
  volume  =  29,
  number  =  4,
  pages   = "411--412",
  year    =  2002
}

@ARTICLE{Van_Leeuwen1999-sh,
  title   = "The status of nonlinear dynamics in the analysis of heart rate
             variability",
  author  = "van Leeuwen, P and Bettermann, H",
  journal = "Herzschrittmacherther. Elektrophysiol.",
  volume  =  10,
  pages   = "127--130",
  year    =  1999
}

@ARTICLE{Christini2001-aq,
  title   = "Nonlinear-dynamical arrhythmia control in humans",
  author  = "Christini, D J and Stein, K M and Markowitz, S M and Mittal, S and
             Slotwiner, D J and Scheiner, M A and Iwai, S and Lerman, B B",
  journal = "Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.",
  volume  =  98,
  number  =  10,
  pages   = "5827--5832",
  year    =  2001
}

@ARTICLE{Tucker1998-ja,
  title   = "Determination of drug-metabolizing enzyme activity in vivo:
             pharmacokinetic and statistical issues",
  author  = "Tucker, G T and Rostami-Hodjegan, A and Jackson, P R",
  journal = "Xenobiotica",
  volume  =  28,
  number  =  12,
  pages   = "1255--1273",
  year    =  1998
}

@ARTICLE{Ranta2002-mg,
  title   = "A probabilistic transmission model of Salmonella in the primary
             broiler production chain",
  author  = "Ranta, J and Maijala, R",
  journal = "Risk Anal.",
  volume  =  22,
  number  =  1,
  pages   = "47--58",
  year    =  2002
}

@ARTICLE{Palmer2001-pn,
  title   = "Genome-wide linkage analysis in a general population sample using
             sigma {2A} random effects ({SSARs}) fitted by Gibbs sampling",
  author  = "Palmer, L J and Jacobs, K B and Scurrah, K J and Xu, X and
             Horvath, S and Weiss, S T",
  journal = "Genet. Epidemiol.",
  volume  = "21 Suppl 1",
  pages   = "S674--S679",
  year    =  2001
}

@ARTICLE{Raab2001-ee,
  title   = "Random effects models for {HIV} marker data: practical approaches
             with currently available software",
  author  = "Raab, G M and Parpia, T",
  journal = "Stat. Methods Med. Res.",
  volume  =  10,
  number  =  2,
  pages   = "101--116",
  year    =  2001
}

@ARTICLE{Fryback2001-zc,
  title   = "An elementary introduction to Bayesian computing using {WinBUGS}",
  author  = "Fryback, D G and Stout, N K and Rosenberg, M A",
  journal = "Int. J. Technol. Assess. Health Care",
  volume  =  17,
  number  =  1,
  pages   = "98--113",
  year    =  2001
}

@ARTICLE{Fryback2001-fr,
  title   = "Bayesian cost-effectiveness analysis. An example using the {GUSTO}
             trial",
  author  = "Fryback, D G and Chinnis, J. O., Jr and Ulvila, J W",
  journal = "Int. J. Technol. Assess. Health Care",
  volume  =  17,
  number  =  1,
  pages   = "83--97",
  year    =  2001
}

@ARTICLE{Jonsson2002-oq,
  title   = "Physiologically based modeling of the inhalation kinetics of
             styrene in humans using a bayesian population approach",
  author  = "Jonsson, F and Johanson, G",
  journal = "Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol.",
  volume  =  179,
  number  =  1,
  pages   = "35--49",
  year    =  2002
}

@ARTICLE{Jonsson2001-wj,
  title   = "Assessing the reliability of {PBPK} models using data from methyl
             chloride-exposed, non-conjugating human subjects",
  author  = "Jonsson, F and Bois, F Y and Johanson, G",
  journal = "Arch. Toxicol.",
  volume  =  75,
  number  =  4,
  pages   = "189--199",
  year    =  2001
}

@ARTICLE{Jonsson2001-dj,
  title   = "A Bayesian analysis of the influence of {GSTT1} polymorphism on
             the cancer risk estimate for dichloromethane",
  author  = "Jonsson, F and Johanson, G",
  journal = "Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol.",
  volume  =  174,
  number  =  2,
  pages   = "99--112",
  year    =  2001
}

@ARTICLE{Smith2001-hv,
  title   = "Genetic and dietary factors affecting human metabolism of
             1,3-butadiene",
  author  = "Smith, T J and Lin, Y S and Mezzetti, M and Bois, F Y and Kelsey,
             K and Ibrahim, J",
  journal = "Chem. Biol. Interact.",
  volume  = "135-136",
  pages   = "407--428",
  year    =  2001
}

@ARTICLE{Jonsson2001-if,
  title   = "Bayesian estimation of variability in adipose tissue blood flow in
             man by physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling of
             inhalation exposure to toluene",
  author  = "Jonsson, F and Johanson, G",
  journal = "Toxicology",
  volume  =  157,
  number  =  3,
  pages   = "177--193",
  year    =  2001
}

@ARTICLE{Jonsson2001-th,
  title   = "Physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling of inhalation
             exposure of humans to dichloromethane during moderate to heavy
             exercise",
  author  = "Jonsson, F and Bois, F and Johanson, G",
  journal = "Toxicol. Sci.",
  volume  =  59,
  number  =  2,
  pages   = "209--218",
  year    =  2001
}

@ARTICLE{Bois2000-ye,
  title   = "Statistical analysis of Clewell et al. {PBPK} model of
             trichloroethylene kinetics",
  author  = "Bois, F Y",
  journal = "Environ. Health Perspect.",
  volume  = "108 Suppl 2",
  pages   = "307--316",
  year    =  2000
}

@ARTICLE{Bois2000-jt,
  title   = "Statistical analysis of Fisher et al. {PBPK} model of
             trichloroethylene kinetics",
  author  = "Bois, F Y",
  journal = "Environ. Health Perspect.",
  volume  = "108 Suppl 2",
  pages   = "275--282",
  year    =  2000
}

@ARTICLE{Cox1996-by,
  title   = "Reassessing benzene risks using internal doses and {Monte-Carlo}
             uncertainty analysis",
  author  = "Cox, L. A., Jr",
  journal = "Environ. Health Perspect.",
  volume  = "104 Suppl 6",
  pages   = "1413--1429",
  year    =  1996
}

@ARTICLE{Aden2003-ly,
  title   = "Modeling variability and uncertainty associated with inhaled
             weapons-grade {PuO2}",
  author  = "Aden, J and Scott, B R",
  journal = "Health Phys.",
  volume  =  84,
  number  =  6,
  pages   = "726--736",
  year    =  2003
}

@ARTICLE{Farfan2003-lg,
  title   = "Influences of parameter uncertainties within the {ICRP-66}
             respiratory tract model: regional tissue doses for {239PuO2} and
             {238UO2/238U3O8}",
  author  = "Farfan, E B and Huston, T E and Bolch, W E and Vernetson, W G",
  journal = "Health Phys.",
  volume  =  84,
  number  =  4,
  pages   = "436--450",
  year    =  2003
}

@ARTICLE{Bolch2003-xo,
  title   = "Influences of parameter uncertainties within the {ICRP-66}
             respiratory tract model: particle clearance",
  author  = "Bolch, W E and Huston, T E and Farfan, E B and Vernetson, W G",
  journal = "Health Phys.",
  volume  =  84,
  number  =  4,
  pages   = "421--435",
  year    =  2003
}

@ARTICLE{Hattis2003-wo,
  title   = "Differences in pharmacokinetics between children and {adults--II}.
             Children's variability in drug elimination half-lives and in some
             parameters needed for physiologically-based pharmacokinetic
             modeling",
  author  = "Hattis, D and Ginsberg, G and Sonawane, B and Smolenski, S and
             Russ, A and Kozlak, M and Goble, R",
  journal = "Risk Anal.",
  volume  =  23,
  number  =  1,
  pages   = "117--142",
  year    =  2003
}

@ARTICLE{Somberg2003-hl,
  title   = "Pediatric drug development",
  author  = "Somberg, J C",
  journal = "Am. J. Ther.",
  volume  =  10,
  number  =  1,
  pages   = "2",
  year    =  2003
}

@ARTICLE{Dove2002-al,
  title   = "{FDA} in a quandary over Pediatric Rule",
  author  = "Dove, A",
  journal = "Nat. Med.",
  volume  =  8,
  number  =  6,
  pages   = "541--542",
  year    =  2002
}

@ARTICLE{Bonetta2000-ek,
  title   = "Pediatric study of medicines becomes mandatory",
  author  = "Bonetta, L",
  journal = "Nat. Med.",
  volume  =  6,
  number  =  10,
  pages   = "1069",
  year    =  2000
}

@ARTICLE{Meyer2002-ic,
  title   = "Fast Bayesian reconstruction of chaotic dynamical systems via
             extended Kalman filtering",
  author  = "Meyer, R and Christensen, N",
  journal = "Phys. Rev. E Stat. Nonlin. Soft Matter Phys.",
  volume  =  65,
  number  = "1 Pt 2",
  pages   = "016206",
  year    =  2002
}

@ARTICLE{Eberly2000-ik,
  title   = "Identifiability and convergence issues for Markov chain Monte
             Carlo fitting of spatial models",
  author  = "Eberly, L E and Carlin, B P",
  journal = "Stat. Med.",
  volume  =  19,
  number  = "17-18",
  pages   = "2279--2294",
  year    =  2000
}

@ARTICLE{Brooks1998-ab,
  title   = "General methods for monitoring convergence of iterative
             simulations",
  author  = "Brooks, S P and Gelman, A",
  journal = "J. Comput. Graph. Stat.",
  volume  =  7,
  number  =  4,
  pages   = "434--456",
  year    =  1998
}

@ARTICLE{Hopke2001-mw,
  title   = "Multiple imputation for multivariate data with missing and
             below-threshold measurements: time-series concentrations of
             pollutants in the Arctic",
  author  = "Hopke, P K and Liu, C and Rubin, D B",
  journal = "Biometrics",
  volume  =  57,
  number  =  1,
  pages   = "22--33",
  year    =  2001
}

@ARTICLE{Beddhu2003-tq,
  title   = "Creatinine production, nutrition, and glomerular filtration rate
             estimation",
  author  = "Beddhu, S and Samore, M H and Roberts, M S and Stoddard, G J and
             Pappas, L M and Cheung, A K",
  journal = "J. Am. Soc. Nephrol.",
  volume  =  14,
  number  =  4,
  pages   = "1000--1005",
  year    =  2003
}

@ARTICLE{Sheiner2002-uj,
  title   = "Is intent-to-treat analysis always (ever) enough?",
  author  = "Sheiner, L B",
  journal = "Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol.",
  volume  =  54,
  number  =  2,
  pages   = "203--211",
  year    =  2002
}

@ARTICLE{Ball2002-jh,
  title   = "Kinetic and dynamic models of diving gases in decompression
             sickness prevention",
  author  = "Ball, R and Schwartz, S L",
  journal = "Clin. Pharmacokinet.",
  volume  =  41,
  number  =  6,
  pages   = "389--402",
  year    =  2002
}

@ARTICLE{Krzyzanski2002-aj,
  title   = "Multiple-pool cell lifespan model of hematologic effects of
             anticancer agents",
  author  = "Krzyzanski, W and Jusko, W J",
  journal = "J. Pharmacokinet. Pharmacodyn.",
  volume  =  29,
  number  =  4,
  pages   = "311--337",
  year    =  2002
}

@ARTICLE{Hinderling1997-xl,
  title   = "Red blood cells: a neglected compartment in pharmacokinetics and
             pharmacodynamics",
  author  = "Hinderling, P H",
  journal = "Pharmacol. Rev.",
  volume  =  49,
  number  =  3,
  pages   = "279--295",
  year    =  1997
}

@ARTICLE{Bois1991-nq,
  title   = "Comparison of three physiologically based pharmacokinetic models
             of benzene disposition",
  author  = "Bois, F Y and Woodruff, T J and Spear, R C",
  journal = "Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol.",
  volume  =  110,
  number  =  1,
  pages   = "79--88",
  year    =  1991
}

@ARTICLE{Gillespie1999-ij,
  title   = "Modeling uncertainty in clinical trial simulation: A Bayesian
             approach",
  author  = "Gillespie, W R and Sale, M and Gastonguay, M R",
  journal = "Clin. Pharmacol. Ther.",
  volume  =  65,
  number  =  2,
  pages   = "PIII--21",
  year    =  1999
}

@ARTICLE{Nolin2003-df,
  title   = "Impaired 6-hydroxychlorzoxazone elimination in patients with
             kidney disease: Implication for cytochrome {P450} {2E1}
             pharmacogenetic studies",
  author  = "Nolin, T D and Gastonguay, M R and Bies, R R and Matzke, G R and
             Frye, R F",
  journal = "Clin. Pharmacol. Ther.",
  volume  =  74,
  number  =  6,
  pages   = "555--568",
  year    =  2003
}

@ARTICLE{Everson2000-yd,
  title   = "Simulation From Wishart Distributions With Eigenvalue Constraints",
  author  = "Everson, P J and Morris, C N",
  journal = "J. Comput. Graph. Stat.",
  volume  =  9,
  number  =  2,
  pages   = "380--390",
  year    =  2000
}

@ARTICLE{Zhang2003-xf,
  title   = "Simultaneous vs. sequential analysis for population {PK/PD} data
             I: Best-case performance",
  author  = "Zhang, L and Beal, S L and Sheiner, L B",
  journal = "J. Pharmacokinet. Pharmacodyn.",
  volume  =  30,
  number  =  6,
  pages   = "387--404",
  year    =  2003
}

@ARTICLE{Zhang2003-mt,
  title   = "Simultaneous vs. sequential analysis for population {PK/PD} data
             {II}: Robustness of methods",
  author  = "Zhang, L and Beal, S L and Sheiner, L B",
  journal = "J. Pharmacokinet. Pharmacodyn.",
  volume  =  30,
  number  =  6,
  pages   = "405--416",
  year    =  2003
}

@ARTICLE{AbuTarif2002-xp,
  title   = "Simulation of the pharmacokinetic profile of methazolamide in
             blood: effect of erythrocyte carbonic anhydrase binding on drug
             disposition",
  author  = "AbuTarif, M A and Taft, D R",
  journal = "Pharm. Res.",
  volume  =  19,
  number  =  4,
  pages   = "551--555",
  year    =  2002
}

@ARTICLE{Kramer2003-oh,
  title   = "Comparison of chlorzoxazone one-sample methods to estimate
             {CYP2E1} activity in humans",
  author  = "Kramer, I and Dalhoff, K and Clemmesen, J O and Loft, S and
             Poulsen, H E",
  journal = "Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol.",
  volume  =  59,
  number  =  10,
  pages   = "775--778",
  year    =  2003
}

@TECHREPORT{Boeckmann1998-jc,
  title  = "{NONMEM} Users Guide - Part {III} {NONMEM} Installation Guide",
  author = "Boeckmann, A J and Beal, S L and Sheiner, L B",
  year   =  1998
}

@ARTICLE{Green2003-ia,
  title   = "Prospective evaluation of a D-optimal designed population
             pharmacokinetic study",
  author  = "Green, B and Duffull, S B",
  journal = "J. Pharmacokinet. Pharmacodyn.",
  volume  =  30,
  number  =  2,
  pages   = "145--161",
  year    =  2003
}

@ARTICLE{Frame2003-uz,
  title   = "Evaluation of mixture modeling with count data using {NONMEM}",
  author  = "Frame, B and Miller, R and Lalonde, R L",
  journal = "J. Pharmacokinet. Pharmacodyn.",
  volume  =  30,
  number  =  3,
  pages   = "167--183",
  year    =  2003
}

@ARTICLE{Xu2003-ay,
  title   = "Physiologically-based pharmacokinetics and molecular
             pharmacodynamics of 17-(allylamino)-17-demethoxygeldanamycin and
             its active metabolite in tumor-bearing mice",
  author  = "Xu, L and Eiseman, J L and Egorin, M J and D'Argenio, D Z",
  journal = "J. Pharmacokinet. Pharmacodyn.",
  volume  =  30,
  number  =  3,
  pages   = "185--219",
  year    =  2003
}

@ARTICLE{Bjorkman2003-zj,
  title   = "Reduction and lumping of physiologically based pharmacokinetic
             models: prediction of the disposition of fentanyl and pethidine in
             humans by successively simplified models",
  author  = "Bjorkman, S",
  journal = "J. Pharmacokinet. Pharmacodyn.",
  volume  =  30,
  number  =  4,
  pages   = "285--307",
  year    =  2003
}

@ARTICLE{Kowalski2003-tc,
  title   = "A two-part mixture model for longitudinal adverse event severity
             data",
  author  = "Kowalski, K G and McFadyen, L and Hutmacher, M M and Frame, B and
             Miller, R",
  journal = "J. Pharmacokinet. Pharmacodyn.",
  volume  =  30,
  number  =  5,
  pages   = "315--336",
  year    =  2003
}

@ARTICLE{Retout2003-tu,
  title   = "Optimization of individual and population designs using Splus",
  author  = "Retout, S and Mentre, F",
  journal = "J. Pharmacokinet. Pharmacodyn.",
  volume  =  30,
  number  =  6,
  pages   = "417--443",
  year    =  2003
}

@ARTICLE{Bailey1994-vc,
  title   = "Pharmacokinetics of intravenous milrinone in patients undergoing
             cardiac surgery",
  author  = "Bailey, J M and Levy, J H and Kikura, M and Szlam, F and Hug, C.
             C., Jr",
  journal = "Anesthesiology",
  volume  =  81,
  number  =  3,
  pages   = "616--622",
  year    =  1994
}

@ARTICLE{Wahlby2004-og,
  title   = "Evaluation of type 1 error rates when modeling ordered categorical
             data in {NONMEM}",
  author  = "Wahlby, U and Matolcsi, K and Karlsson, M O and Jonsson, E N",
  journal = "J. Pharmacokinet. Pharmacodyn.",
  volume  =  31,
  number  =  1,
  pages   = "61--74",
  year    =  2004
}

@ARTICLE{Bayard2004-us,
  title   = "A Bayesian approach to tracking patients having changing
             pharmacokinetic parameters",
  author  = "Bayard, D S and Jelliffe, R W",
  journal = "J. Pharmacokinet. Pharmacodyn.",
  volume  =  31,
  number  =  1,
  pages   = "75--107",
  year    =  2004
}

@ARTICLE{Kolman2003-br,
  title   = "Efaproxiral (allos therapeutics)",
  author  = "Kolman, A",
  journal = "IDrugs",
  volume  =  6,
  number  =  8,
  pages   = "795--801",
  year    =  2003
}

@ARTICLE{Kleinberg2002-kc,
  title   = "Survival of patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme
             treated with {RSR13} and radiotherapy: results of a phase {II} new
             approaches to brain tumor therapy {CNS} consortium safety and
             efficacy study",
  author  = "Kleinberg, L and Grossman, S A and Carson, K and Lesser, G and
             O'Neill, A and Pearlman, J and Phillips, P and Herman, T and
             Gerber, M",
  journal = "J. Clin. Oncol.",
  volume  =  20,
  number  =  14,
  pages   = "3149--3155",
  year    =  2002
}

@ARTICLE{Shaw2003-te,
  title   = "{RSR13} plus cranial radiation therapy in patients with brain
             metastases: comparison with the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group
             Recursive Partitioning Analysis Brain Metastases Database",
  author  = "Shaw, E and Scott, C and Suh, J and Kadish, S and Stea, B and
             Hackman, J and Pearlman, A and Murray, K and Gaspar, L and Mehta,
             M and Curran, W and Gerber, M",
  journal = "J. Clin. Oncol.",
  volume  =  21,
  number  =  12,
  pages   = "2364--2371",
  year    =  2003
}

@ARTICLE{Breidbach2001-it,
  title   = "{RSR13}, a potential athletic performance enhancement agent:
             detection in urine by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry",
  author  = "Breidbach, A and Catlin, D H",
  journal = "Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom.",
  volume  =  15,
  number  =  24,
  pages   = "2379--2382",
  year    =  2001
}

@ARTICLE{Burke2001-mg,
  title   = "Effects of enhanced oxygen release from hemoglobin by {RSR13} in
             an acute renal failure model",
  author  = "Burke, T J and Malhotra, D and Shapiro, J I",
  journal = "Kidney Int.",
  volume  =  60,
  number  =  4,
  pages   = "1407--1414",
  year    =  2001
}

@ARTICLE{Amorino2001-ff,
  title   = "Enhancement of tumor oxygenation and radiation response by the
             allosteric effector of hemoglobin, {RSR13}",
  author  = "Amorino, G P and Lee, H and Holburn, G E and Paschal, C B and
             Hercules, S K and Shyr, Y and Steffen, R P and Choy, H",
  journal = "Radiat. Res.",
  volume  =  156,
  number  =  3,
  pages   = "294--300",
  year    =  2001
}

@ARTICLE{Kavanagh2001-re,
  title   = "A phase {I} study of {RSR13}, a radiation-enhancing hemoglobin
             modifier: tolerance of repeated intravenous doses and correlation
             of pharmacokinetics with pharmacodynamics",
  author  = "Kavanagh, B D and Khandelwal, S R and Schmidt-Ullrich, R K and
             Roberts, J D and Shaw, E G and Pearlman, A D and Venitz, J and
             Dusenbery, K E and Abraham, D J and Gerber, M J",
  journal = "Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys.",
  volume  =  49,
  number  =  4,
  pages   = "1133--1139",
  year    =  2001
}

@ARTICLE{Mackensen2000-ql,
  title   = "Post-ischemic {RSR13} amplifies the effect of dizocilpine on
             outcome from transient focal cerebral ischemia in the rat",
  author  = "Mackensen, G B and Nellgard, B and Sarraf-Yazdi, S and Dexter, F
             and Steffen, R P and Grocott, H P and Warner, D S",
  journal = "Brain Res.",
  volume  =  853,
  number  =  1,
  pages   = "15--21",
  year    =  2000
}

@ARTICLE{Kilgore1999-bv,
  title   = "{RSR13}, a synthetic allosteric modifier of hemoglobin, improves
             myocardial recovery following hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass",
  author  = "Kilgore, K S and Shwartz, C F and Gallagher, M A and Steffen, R P
             and Mosca, R S and Bolling, S F",
  journal = "Circulation",
  volume  =  100,
  number  = "19 Suppl",
  pages   = "II351--II356",
  year    =  1999
}

@ARTICLE{Kleinberg1999-yk,
  title   = "Phase {I} trial to determine the safety, pharmacodynamics, and
             pharmacokinetics of {RSR13}, a novel radioenhancer, in newly
             diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme",
  author  = "Kleinberg, L and Grossman, S A and Piantadosi, S and Pearlman, J
             and Engelhard, H and Lesser, G and Ruffer, J and Gerber, M",
  journal = "J. Clin. Oncol.",
  volume  =  17,
  number  =  8,
  pages   = "2593--2603",
  year    =  1999
}

@ARTICLE{Eichelbronner1999-sy,
  title   = "Effects of {FI(O(2)}) on hemodynamic responses and O(2) transport
             during {RSR13-induced} reduction in P(50)",
  author  = "Eichelbronner, O and Sielenkamper, A and D'Almeida, M and Ellis, C
             G and Sibbald, W J and Chin-Yee, I H",
  journal = "Am. J. Physiol.",
  volume  =  277,
  number  = "1 Pt 2",
  pages   = "H290--H298",
  year    =  1999
}

@ARTICLE{Sarraf-Yazdi1999-xh,
  title   = "Effects of {RSR13}, a synthetic allosteric modifier of hemoglobin,
             alone and in combination with dizocilpine, on outcome from
             transient focal cerebral ischemia in the rat",
  author  = "Sarraf-Yazdi, S and Sheng, H and Grocott, H P and Bart, R D and
             Pearlstein, R D and Steffen, R P and Warner, D S",
  journal = "Brain Res.",
  volume  =  826,
  number  =  2,
  pages   = "172--180",
  year    =  1999
}

@ARTICLE{Khandelwal1999-pq,
  title   = "{RSR13}, an allosteric effector of haemoglobin, and carbogen
             radiosensitize {FSAII} and {SCCVII} tumours in {C3H} mice",
  author  = "Khandelwal, S R and Kavanagh, B D and Lin, P S and Truong, Q T and
             Lu, J and Abraham, D J and Schmidt-Ullrich, R K",
  journal = "Br. J. Cancer",
  volume  =  79,
  number  = "5-6",
  pages   = "814--820",
  year    =  1999
}

@ARTICLE{Steffen1998-rt,
  title   = "Effect of {RSR13} on temperature-dependent changes in hemoglobin
             oxygen affinity of human whole blood",
  author  = "Steffen, R P",
  journal = "Adv. Exp. Med. Biol.",
  volume  =  454,
  pages   = "653--661",
  year    =  1998
}

@ARTICLE{Pagel1998-xm,
  title   = "{RSR13}, a synthetic allosteric modifier of hemoglobin, enhances
             recovery of stunned myocardium in dogs",
  author  = "Pagel, P S and Hettrick, D A and Montgomery, M W and Kersten, J R
             and Warltier, D C",
  journal = "Adv. Exp. Med. Biol.",
  volume  =  454,
  pages   = "527--531",
  year    =  1998
}

@ARTICLE{Rockwell1998-zd,
  title   = "{RSR13}, a synthetic allosteric modifier of hemoglobin, as an
             adjunct to radiotherapy: preliminary studies with {EMT6} cells and
             tumors and normal tissues in mice",
  author  = "Rockwell, S and Kelley, M",
  journal = "Radiat. Oncol. Investig.",
  volume  =  6,
  number  =  5,
  pages   = "199--208",
  year    =  1998
}

@ARTICLE{Pagel1998-uh,
  title   = "{RSR13}, a synthetic modifier of hemoglobin-oxygen affinity,
             enhances the recovery of stunned myocardium in anesthetized dogs",
  author  = "Pagel, P S and Hettrick, D A and Montgomery, M W and Kersten, J R
             and Steffen, R P and Warltier, D C",
  journal = "J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.",
  volume  =  285,
  number  =  1,
  pages   = "1--8",
  year    =  1998
}

@ARTICLE{Woods1998-sx,
  title   = "Right-shifting the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve with {RSR13}:
             effects on high-energy phosphates and myocardial recovery after
             low-flow ischemia",
  author  = "Woods, J A and Storey, C J and Babcock, E E and Malloy, C R",
  journal = "J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol.",
  volume  =  31,
  number  =  3,
  pages   = "359--363",
  year    =  1998
}

@ARTICLE{Kunert1996-fp,
  title   = "{RSR-13}, an allosteric effector of hemoglobin, increases systemic
             and iliac vascular resistance in rats",
  author  = "Kunert, M P and Liard, J F and Abraham, D J",
  journal = "Am. J. Physiol.",
  volume  =  271,
  number  = "2 Pt 2",
  pages   = "H602--H613",
  year    =  1996
}

@ARTICLE{Wahr2001-jf,
  title   = "Allosteric modification of oxygen delivery by hemoglobin",
  author  = "Wahr, J A and Gerber, M and Venitz, J and Baliga, N",
  journal = "Anesth. Analg.",
  volume  =  92,
  number  =  3,
  pages   = "615--620",
  year    =  2001
}

@TECHREPORT{noauthor_2002-vp,
  title = "Allos Therapeutics investigator's brochure for oncology",
  year  =  2002
}

@ARTICLE{Snoeck1999-py,
  title   = "A combined specific target site binding and pharmacokinetic model
             to explore the non-linear disposition of draflazine",
  author  = "Snoeck, E and Jacqmin, P and Van Peer, A and Danhof, M",
  journal = "J. Pharmacokinet. Biopharm.",
  volume  =  27,
  number  =  3,
  pages   = "257--281",
  year    =  1999
}

@ARTICLE{Taft1998-nr,
  title   = "Blood disposition and urinary excretion kinetics of methazolamide
             following oral administration to human subjects",
  author  = "Taft, D R and Nordt, S and Iyer, G R and Schwenk, M H",
  journal = "Biopharm. Drug Dispos.",
  volume  =  19,
  number  =  6,
  pages   = "373--380",
  year    =  1998
}

@ARTICLE{Piekoszewski1993-ba,
  title   = "Disposition of tacrolimus ({FK} 506) in rabbits. Role of red blood
             cell binding in hepatic clearance",
  author  = "Piekoszewski, W and Chow, F S and Jusko, W J",
  journal = "Drug Metab. Dispos.",
  volume  =  21,
  number  =  4,
  pages   = "690--698",
  year    =  1993
}

@ARTICLE{Kunka1979-li,
  title   = "Nonlinear model for acetazolamide",
  author  = "Kunka, R L and Mattocks, A M",
  journal = "J. Pharm. Sci.",
  volume  =  68,
  number  =  3,
  pages   = "342--346",
  year    =  1979
}

@MISC{noauthor_undated-gq,
  title = "Avandia package insert"
}

@MISC{noauthor_undated-mg,
  title = "Briefing document for meeting 5 June 00: Pharmacodynamic modeling of
           rosiglitazone ({BRL} 49653C) as monotherapy in Type 2 Diabetes
           Mellitus patients"
}

@TECHREPORT{noauthor_2003-fg,
  title = "The validation of a method for the determination of rosiglitazone in
           human plasma (range 2.5 to 1,000 ng/mL) by high performance liquid
           chromatography and tandem mass spectrometric detection. Pharma
           {Bio-Research} Report Number {PBR-031753}",
  year  =  2003
}

@ARTICLE{American_Diabetes2000-eb,
  title   = "Consensus statement on Type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents",
  author  = "American Diabetes, Association",
  journal = "Diabetes Care",
  volume  =  23,
  number  =  3,
  pages   = "381--389",
  year    =  2000
}

@ARTICLE{Amiel1986-wf,
  title   = "Impaired insulin action in puberty. A contributing factor to poor
             glycemic control in adolescents with diabetes",
  author  = "Amiel, S A and Sherwin, R S and Simonson, D C and Lauritano, A A
             and Tamborlane, W V",
  journal = "N. Engl. J. Med.",
  volume  =  315,
  number  =  4,
  pages   = "215--219",
  year    =  1986
}

@ARTICLE{Jones2000-tz,
  title   = "Metformin improves glycemic control in children with Type 2
             Diabetes",
  author  = "Jones, K and Arslanian, S and McVie, R and Tomlinson, M and Park,
             J S",
  journal = "Diabetes",
  volume  =  49,
  number  = "supplement 1",
  pages   = "A--75",
  year    =  2000
}

@ARTICLE{Kitagawa1994-ox,
  title   = "Epidemiology of type 1 (insulin-dependent) and type 2
             (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus in Japanese children",
  author  = "Kitagawa, T and Owada, M and Urakami, T and Tajima, N",
  journal = "Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract.",
  volume  = "24 Suppl",
  pages   = "S7--13",
  year    =  1994
}

@ARTICLE{Melchior1996-em,
  title   = "Metformin: an antihyperglycemic agent for treatment of type {II}
             diabetes",
  author  = "Melchior, W R and Jaber, L A",
  journal = "Ann. Pharmacother.",
  volume  =  30,
  number  =  2,
  pages   = "158--164",
  year    =  1996
}

@TECHREPORT{Patel1998-ox,
  title       = "Population pharmacokinetic analysis of rosiglitazone in
                 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus",
  author      = "Patel, B R and Diringer, K A and Conrad, J E and Miller, A K",
  institution = "DMPK, Smith-Kline Beecham",
  year        =  1998
}

@ARTICLE{Pinhas-Hamiel1996-vh,
  title   = "Increased incidence of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
             among adolescents",
  author  = "Pinhas-Hamiel, O and Dolan, L M and Daniels, S R and Standiford, D
             and Khoury, P R and Zeitler, P",
  journal = "J. Pediatr.",
  volume  =  128,
  number  = "5 Pt 1",
  pages   = "608--615",
  year    =  1996
}

@ARTICLE{Rosenbloom1999-uq,
  title   = "Emerging epidemic of type 2 diabetes in youth",
  author  = "Rosenbloom, A L and Joe, J R and Young, R S and Winter, W E",
  journal = "Diabetes Care",
  volume  =  22,
  number  =  2,
  pages   = "345--354",
  year    =  1999
}

@BOOK{Burnham2002-uu,
  title     = "Model selection and multimodel inference: A practical
               information-theoretic approach",
  author    = "Burnham, K P and Anderson, D R",
  publisher = "Springer-Verlag",
  year      =  2002,
  address   = "New York"
}

@BOOK{Harrell2001-kz,
  title     = "Regression modeling strategies: With applications to linear
               models, logistic regression, and survival analysis",
  author    = "Harrell, F E",
  publisher = "Springer-Verlag",
  year      =  2001,
  address   = "New York"
}

@ARTICLE{Belldina2003-in,
  title   = "Steady-state pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of cysteamine
             bitartrate in paediatric nephropathic cystinosis patients",
  author  = "Belldina, Eric B and Huang, Mei Y and Schneider, Jerry A and
             Brundage, Richard C and Tracy, Timothy S",
  journal = "Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol.",
  volume  =  56,
  number  =  5,
  pages   = "520--525",
  year    =  2003
}

@ARTICLE{Booth2003-xk,
  title   = "Considerations in analyzing single-trough concentrations using
             mixed-effects modeling",
  author  = "Booth, B P and Gobburu, J V",
  journal = "J. Clin. Pharmacol.",
  volume  =  43,
  number  =  12,
  pages   = "1307--1315",
  year    =  2003
}

@ARTICLE{Bondareva2004-ws,
  title   = "Nonparametric population modeling of valproate pharmacokinetics in
             epileptic patients using routine serum monitoring data:
             implications for dosage",
  author  = "Bondareva, I B and Jelliffe, R W and Sokolov, A V and Tischenkova,
             I F",
  journal = "J. Clin. Pharm. Ther.",
  volume  =  29,
  number  =  2,
  pages   = "105--120",
  year    =  2004
}

@ARTICLE{Bouillon2004-qc,
  title   = "Pharmacodynamic interaction between propofol and remifentanil
             regarding hypnosis, tolerance of laryngoscopy, bispectral index,
             and electroencephalographic approximate entropy",
  author  = "Bouillon, T W and Bruhn, J and Radulescu, L and Andresen, C and
             Shafer, T J and Cohane, C and Shafer, S L",
  journal = "Anesthesiology",
  volume  =  100,
  number  =  6,
  pages   = "1353--1372",
  year    =  2004
}

@ARTICLE{Capparelli2003-mx,
  title   = "Population pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of zidovudine in
             {HIV-infected} infants and children",
  author  = "Capparelli, E V and Englund, J A and Connor, J D and Spector, S A
             and McKinney, R E and Palumbo, P and Baker, C J",
  journal = "J. Clin. Pharmacol.",
  volume  =  43,
  number  =  2,
  pages   = "133--140",
  year    =  2003
}

@ARTICLE{Cole2004-dp,
  title   = "Estimation of glomerular filtration rate in paediatric cancer
             patients using {51CR-EDTA} population pharmacokinetics",
  author  = "Cole, M and Price, L and Parry, A and Keir, M J and Pearson, A D
             and Boddy, A V and Veal, G J",
  journal = "Br. J. Cancer",
  volume  =  90,
  number  =  1,
  pages   = "60--64",
  year    =  2004
}

@ARTICLE{De_Maat2004-ow,
  title   = "Race is not associated with nevirapine pharmacokinetics",
  author  = "De Maat, M M and Nellen, J F and Huitema, A D and Wit, F W and
             Mulder, J W and Prins, J M and Beijnen, J H",
  journal = "Ther. Drug Monit.",
  volume  =  26

license: MIT

license_type: permissive

branch_name: refs/heads/master

extension: bib