text:
provide the protein or amino acid intake observed. 4. These results may
   help to explain why the responses of native bees to exotic plants are so
   variable. If the exotic plants in a community can supply the necessary
   nutrients, bees may readily incorporate them into their diets, but if
   not, exotic plants may be avoided.}},
Publisher = {{WILEY}},
Address = {{111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA}},
Type = {{Article}},
Language = {{English}},
Affiliation = {{Harmon-Threatt, AN (Corresponding Author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy \& Management, 139 Mulford Hall 3114, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
   Harmon-Threatt, Alexandra N.; Kremen, Claire, Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy \& Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.}},
DOI = {{10.1111/een.12211}},
ISSN = {{0307-6946}},
EISSN = {{1365-2311}},
Keywords = {{Amino acid; exotic plant; invasive plant; pollinators; protein}},
Keywords-Plus = {{INVASIVE PLANTS; BREEDING SYSTEM; POLLEN; REPRODUCTION; DIVERSITY;
   COMMUNITIES; PREFERENCES; QUALITY; HEALTH; IMPACT}},
Research-Areas = {{Entomology}},
Web-of-Science-Categories  = {{Entomology}},
Author-Email = {{aht@illinois.edu}},
ORCID-Numbers = {{Harmon-Threatt, Alexandra/0000-0002-3755-9321}},
Funding-Acknowledgement = {{NSF-GRFPNational Science Foundation (NSF)NSF - Office of the Director
   (OD); Western Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education Program}},
Funding-Text = {{The authors would like to thank Greer Ryan and Wanda Bonneville for help
   with data collection, the California State Park System and East Bay
   Regional Park System for access to sites, and the NSF-GRFP and Western
   Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education Program for funding to
   Alexandra Harmon-Threatt. The authors would also like to thank two
   anonymous reviewers and the Associate Editor for feedback that
   significantly improved the manuscript. A.N.H.T. contributed to the
   design of the project, collection and analysis of the data, and
   manuscript preparation. C.K. contributed to project design and
   preparation of the manuscript.}},
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Number-of-Cited-References = {{39}},
Times-Cited = {{23}},
Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {{4}},
Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {{68}},
Journal-ISO = {{Ecol. Entomol.}},
Doc-Delivery-Number = {{CM1ZR}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:000357479700017}},
DA = {{2020-11-05}},
}

@article{ ISI:000360177400025,
Author = {Feltham, Hannah and Park, Kirsty and Minderman, Jeroen and Goulson, Dave},
Title = {{Experimental evidence that wildflower strips increase pollinator visits
   to crops}},
Journal = {{ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION}},
Year = {{2015}},
Volume = {{5}},
Number = {{16}},
Pages = {{3523-3530}},
Month = {{AUG}},
Abstract = {{Wild bees provide a free and potentially diverse ecosystem service to
   farmers growing pollination-dependent crops. While many crops benefit
   from insect pollination, soft fruit crops, including strawberries are
   highly dependent on this ecosystem service to produce viable fruit.
   However, as a result of intensive farming practices and declining
   pollinator populations, farmers are increasingly turning to commercially
   reared bees to ensure that crops are adequately pollinated throughout
   the season. Wildflower strips are a commonly used measure aimed at the
   conservation of wild pollinators. It has been suggested that commercial
   crops may also benefit from the presence of noncrop flowers; however,
   the efficacy and economic benefits of sowing flower strips for crops
   remain relatively unstudied. In a study system that utilizes both wild
   and commercial pollinators, we test whether wildflower strips increase
   the number of visits to adjacent commercial strawberry crops by
   pollinating insects. We quantified this by experimentally sowing
   wildflower strips approximately 20 meters away from the crop and
   recording the number of pollinator visits to crops with, and without,
   flower strips. Between June and August 2013, we walked 292 crop
   transects at six farms in Scotland, recording a total of 2826
   pollinators. On average, the frequency of pollinator visits was 25\%
   higher for crops with adjacent flower strips compared to those without,
   with a combination of wild and commercial bumblebees (Bombus spp.)
   accounting for 67\% of all pollinators observed. This effect was
   independent of other confounding effects, such as the number of flowers
   on the crop, date, and temperature. Synthesis and applications. This
   study provides evidence that soft fruit farmers can increase the number
   of pollinators that visit their crops by sowing inexpensive flower seed
   mixes nearby. By investing in this management option, farmers have the
   potential to increase and sustain pollinator populations over time.}},
Publisher = {{WILEY-BLACKWELL}},
Address = {{111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA}},
Type = {{Article}},
Language = {{English}},
Affiliation = {{Feltham, H (Corresponding Author), Univ Stirling, Sch Nat Sci, Stirling FK9 4LA, Scotland.
   Feltham, Hannah; Park, Kirsty; Minderman, Jeroen, Univ Stirling, Sch Nat Sci, Stirling FK9 4LA, Scotland.
   Goulson, Dave, Univ Sussex, Sch Life Sci, Brighton BN1 9RH, E Sussex, England.}},
DOI = {{10.1002/ece3.1444}},
ISSN = {{2045-7758}},
Keywords = {{Agriculture; Bombus; commercial pollinators; ecosystem service;
   management; sustainability; wild bees}},
Keywords-Plus = {{ARABLE FIELD MARGINS; INSECT POLLINATORS; BEE ABUNDANCE; BUMBLE BEES;
   HONEY-BEE; SERVICES; HYMENOPTERA; LANDSCAPES; STRAWBERRY; FARMLAND}},
Research-Areas = {{Environmental Sciences \& Ecology; Evolutionary Biology}},
Web-of-Science-Categories  = {{Ecology; Evolutionary Biology}},
Author-Email = {{Hannah.feltham@stir.ac.uk}},
ResearcherID-Numbers = {{Goulson, David/A-2462-2010
   }},
ORCID-Numbers = {{Goulson, David/0000-0003-4421-2876
   Park, Kirsty/0000-0001-6080-7197
   Minderman, Jeroen/0000-0002-8451-5540}},
Funding-Acknowledgement = {{Natural Environment Research CouncilNERC Natural Environment Research
   Council; Economic and Social Research CouncilEconomic \& Social Research
   Council (ESRC); Natural Environment Research CouncilNERC Natural
   Environment Research Council {[}NE/L002760/1] Funding Source:
   Researchfish}},
Funding-Text = {{This study was financially supported by the Natural Environment Research
   Council and the Economic and Social Research Council.}},
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Number-of-Cited-References = {{44}},
Times-Cited = {{54}},
Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {{3}},
Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {{177}},
Journal-ISO = {{Ecol. Evol.}},
Doc-Delivery-Number = {{CP8XD}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:000360177400025}},
OA = {{DOAJ Gold, Green Published, Green Accepted}},
DA = {{2020-11-05}},
}

@article{ ISI:000359668100007,
Author = {Bushmann, Sara L. and Drummond, Francis A.},
Title = {{Abundance and Diversity of Wild Bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) Found in
   Lowbush Blueberry Growing Regions of Downeast Maine}},
Journal = {{ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY}},
Year = {{2015}},
Volume = {{44}},
Number = {{4}},
Pages = {{975-989}},
Month = {{AUG}},
Abstract = {{Insect-mediated pollination is critical for lowbush blueberry
   (Ericaceae: Vaccinium angustifolium Aiton) fruit development. Past
   research shows a persistent presence of wild bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea)
   providing pollination services even when commercial pollinators are
   present. We undertook the study to 1) provide a description of bee
   communities found in lowbush blueberry-growing regions, 2) identify
   field characteristics or farm management practices that influence those
   communities, 3) identify key wild bee pollinators that provide
   pollination services for the blueberry crop, and 4) identify non-crop
   plants found within the cropping system that provide forage for wild
   bees. During a 4-year period, we collected solitary and eusocial bees in
   over 40 fields during and after blueberry bloom, determining a
   management description for each field. We collected 4,474 solitary bees
   representing 124 species and 1,315 summer bumble bees representing nine
   species. No bumble bee species were previously unknown in Maine, yet we
   document seven solitary bee species new for the state. These include
   species of the genera Nomada, Lasioglossum, Calliopsis, and
   Augochloropsis. No field characteristic or farm management practice
   related to bee community structure, except bumble bee species richness
   was higher in certified organic fields. Pollen analysis determined
   scopal loads of 67-99\% ericaceous pollen carried by five species of
   Andrena. Our data suggest two native ericaceous plants, Kalmia
   angustifolia L. and Gaylussacia baccata (Wangenheim), provide important
   alternative floral resources. We conclude that Maine blueberry croplands
   are populated with a species-rich bee community that fluctuates in time
   and space. We suggest growers develop and maintain wild bee forage and
   nest sites.}},
Publisher = {{OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC}},
Address = {{JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA}},
Type = {{Article}},
Language = {{English}},
Affiliation = {{Bushmann, SL (Corresponding Author), George Stevens Acad, Blue Hill, ME 04614 USA.
   Bushmann, Sara L., George Stevens Acad, Blue Hill, ME 04614 USA.
   Drummond, Francis A., Univ Maine, Sch Biol \& Ecol, Orono, ME 04469 USA.}},
DOI = {{10.1093/ee/nvv082}},
ISSN = {{0046-225X}},
EISSN = {{1938-2936}},
Keywords = {{pollination service; bee diversity; Vaccinium angustifolium; Apoidea;
   Bombus}},
Keywords-Plus = {{NATIVE BEES; BUMBLE BEES; POLLINATION; DECLINE; BIODIVERSITY;
   LANDSCAPES; CONSERVATION; ANTHOPHILA; BOMBUS}},
Research-Areas = {{Entomology}},
Web-of-Science-Categories  = {{Entomology}},
Author-Email = {{sara\_bushmann@umit.maine.edu}},
Funding-Acknowledgement = {{USDA AFRI Specialty Crop Grant {[}12-007005-B-00]; USDA NIFA Predoctoral
   Fellowship {[}2011-67011-30657]}},
Funding-Text = {{Sam Droege and Jason Gibbs provided valuable assistance with bee
   identifications. The pollen analysis was conducted with the assistance
   of Andrea Nurse. Plant identifications were confirmed by Alison Dibble
   and Chris Campbell. We thank Judy Collins and Jennifer Lund for general
   help with both the field and lab, while S. Wheatley, K. Zucker, M.
   McCollough, C. Cunningham, W. Woods, and M. Mathiasson worked tirelessly
   in the field. Alison Dibble and David Yarborough reviewed a previous
   version of this manuscript. Funding was provided by a USDA AFRI
   Specialty Crop Grant to F. Drummond (no. 12-007005-B-00) and a USDA NIFA
   Predoctoral Fellowship to S. Bushmann (no. 2011-67011-30657). This is
   Maine Agricultural and Forest Experiment Station Publication number
   3417.}},
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Number-of-Cited-References = {{68}},
Times-Cited = {{22}},
Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {{7}},
Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {{67}},
Journal-ISO = {{Environ. Entomol.}},
Doc-Delivery-Number = {{CP1WN}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:000359668100007}},
DA = {{2020-11-05}},
}

@article{ ISI:000358506800005,
Author = {Newbold, Lindsay K. and Oliver, Anna E. and Cuthbertson, Leah and
   Walkington, Sarah E. and Gweon, Hyun S. and Heard, Matthew S. and van
   der Gast, Christopher J.},
Title = {{Rearing and foraging affects bumblebee (Bombus terrestris) gut
   microbiota}},
Journal = {{ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS}},
Year = {{2015}},
Volume = {{7}},
Number = {{4}},
Pages = {{634-641}},
Month = {{AUG}},
Abstract = {{Bumblebees are ecologically and economically important as pollinators of
   crop and wild plants, especially in temperate systems. Species, such as
   the buff-tailed bumblebee (Bombus terrestris), are reared commercially
   to pollinate high-value crops. Their highly specific gut microbiota,
   characterized by low diversity, may affect nutrition and immunity and
   are likely to be important for fitness and colony health. However,
   little is known about how environmental factors affect bacterial
   community structure. We analysed the gut microbiota from three groups of
   worker bumblebees (B.terrestris) from distinct colonies that varied in
   rearing and foraging characteristics: commercially reared with
   restricted foraging (RR); commercially reared with outside foraging
   (RF); and wild-caught workers (W). Contrary to previous studies, which
   indicate that bacterial communities are highly conserved across workers,
   we found that RF individuals had an intermediate community structure
   compared with RR and W types. Further, this was shaped by differences in
   the abundances of common operational taxonomic units (OTUs) and the
   diversity of rare OTUs present, which we propose results from an
   increase in the variety of carbohydrates obtained through foraging.}},
Publisher = {{WILEY}},
Address = {{111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA}},
Type = {{Article}},
Language = {{English}},
Affiliation = {{Heard, MS (Corresponding Author), NERC Ctr Ecol \& Hydrol, Wallingford OX10 8BB, Oxon, England.
   Newbold, Lindsay K.; Oliver, Anna E.; Cuthbertson, Leah; Walkington, Sarah E.; Gweon, Hyun S.; Heard, Matthew S.; van der Gast, Christopher J., NERC Ctr Ecol \& Hydrol, Wallingford OX10 8BB, Oxon, England.}},
DOI = {{10.1111/1758-2229.12299}},
ISSN = {{1758-2229}},
Keywords-Plus = {{HONEY-BEES; SP NOV.; DIGESTIVE-TRACT; GEN. NOV.; ARSENOPHONUS;
   POLLINATORS; COMMUNITIES; SYMBIONTS; DECLINES; PLANTS}},
Research-Areas = {{Environmental Sciences \& Ecology; Microbiology}},
Web-of-Science-Categories  = {{Environmental Sciences; Microbiology}},
Author-Email = {{mshe@ceh.ac.uk
   cjvdg@ceh.ac.uk}},
ResearcherID-Numbers = {{Newbold, Lindsay/E-6733-2012
   Oliver, Anna/D-7830-2019
   }},
ORCID-Numbers = {{Newbold, Lindsay/0000-0001-8895-1406
   Oliver, Anna/0000-0003-4923-277X
   Cuthbertson, Leah/0000-0002-9604-2269
   Walkington, Sarah/0000-0002-4860-5901
   Gweon, Hyun Soon/0000-0002-6218-6301}},
Funding-Acknowledgement = {{NERC Centre for Ecology \& Hydrology (CEH); Natural Environment Research
   CouncilNERC Natural Environment Research Council {[}ceh020009,
   ceh020002] Funding Source: Researchfish}},
Funding-Text = {{This work was supported by the NERC Centre for Ecology \& Hydrology
   (CEH). We thank Sarah Hulmes, Lucy Hulmes, Jo Savage and Claire Carvell
   ( all CEH) for field sample collections.}},
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Number-of-Cited-References = {{61}},
Times-Cited = {{4}},
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Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {{44}},
Journal-ISO = {{Environ. Microbiol. Rep.}},
Doc-Delivery-Number = {{CN5XM}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:000358506800005}},
OA = {{Green Accepted}},
DA = {{2020-11-05}},
}

@article{ ISI:000360819300025,
Author = {Zhou, Xiaofan and Rokas, Antonis and Berger, Shelley L. and Liebig,
   Jurgen and Ray, Anandasankar and Zwiebel, Laurence J.},
Title = {{Chemoreceptor Evolution in Hymenoptera and Its Implications for the
   Evolution of Eusociality}},
Journal = {{GENOME BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION}},
Year = {{2015}},
Volume = {{7}},
Number = {{8}},
Pages = {{2407-2416}},
Month = {{AUG}},
Abstract = {{Eusocial insects, mostly Hymenoptera, have evolved unique colonial
   lifestyles that rely on the perception of social context mainly through
   pheromones, and chemoreceptors are hypothesized to have played important
   adaptive roles in the evolution of sociality. However, because
   chemoreceptor repertoires have been characterized in few social insects
   and their solitary relatives, a comprehensive examination of this
   hypothesis has not been possible. Here, we annotate similar to 3,000
   odorant and gustatory receptors in recently sequenced Hymenoptera
   genomes and systematically compare >4,000 chemoreceptors from 13
   hymenopterans, representing one solitary lineage (wasps) and three
   independently evolved eusocial lineages (ants and two bees). We observe
   a strong general tendency for chemoreceptors to expand in Hymenoptera,
   whereas the specifics of gene gains/losses are highly diverse between
   lineages. We also find more frequent positive selection on
   chemoreceptors in a facultative eusocial bee and in the common ancestor
   of ants compared with solitary wasps. Our results suggest that the
   frequent expansions of chemoreceptors have facilitated the transition to
   eusociality. Divergent expression patterns of odorant receptors between
   honeybee and ants further indicate differential roles of chemoreceptors
   in parallel trajectories of social evolution.}},
Publisher = {{OXFORD UNIV PRESS}},
Address = {{GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND}},
Type = {{Article}},
Language = {{English}},
Affiliation = {{Zwiebel, LJ (Corresponding Author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.
   Zhou, Xiaofan; Rokas, Antonis; Zwiebel, Laurence J., Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.
   Berger, Shelley L., Univ Penn, Dept Cell \& Dev Biol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
   Berger, Shelley L., Univ Penn, Dept Genet, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
   Berger, Shelley L., Univ Penn, Dept Biol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
   Liebig, Jurgen, Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci, Tempe, AZ USA.
   Ray, Anandasankar, Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Entomol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA.}},
DOI = {{10.1093/gbe/evv149}},
ISSN = {{1759-6653}},
Keywords = {{chemosensation; odorant receptor; gustatory receptor; eusociality;
   Hymenoptera}},
Keywords-Plus = {{HONEY-BEE; DRAFT GENOME; GENE FAMILY; TRIBOLIUM-CASTANEUM; POSITIVE
   SELECTION; SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; INSECT SOCIETIES; ODORANT RECEPTOR;
   APIS-MELLIFERA; SUPERFAMILY}},
Research-Areas = {{Evolutionary Biology; Genetics \& Heredity}},
Web-of-Science-Categories  = {{Evolutionary Biology; Genetics \& Heredity}},
Author-Email = {{l.zwiebel@vanderbilt.edu}},
ResearcherID-Numbers = {{Zhou, Xiaofan/H-2958-2019
   Rokas, Antonis/A-9775-2008
   }},
ORCID-Numbers = {{Zhou, Xiaofan/0000-0002-2879-6317
   Rokas, Antonis/0000-0002-7248-6551
   Ray, Anandasankar/0000-0003-4133-2581
   Berger, Shelley/0000-0001-5398-4400
   Zwiebel, Laurence/0000-0001-6686-7289}},
Funding-Acknowledgement = {{Howard Hughes Medical Institute Collaborative Innovation AwardHoward
   Hughes Medical Institute {[}2009005]}},
Funding-Text = {{The authors thank Hugh M. Robertson for sharing the sequences of Or and
   Gr genes for A. mellifera, Linepithema humile, N. vitripennis, and
   Pogonomyrmex barbatus and Peter R. Oxley for sharing the gene
   annotations for C. biroi. They are also grateful to Claude Desplan,
   Daniel F. Simola, David C. Rinker, and Roberto Bonasio for valuable
   comments. This work was conducted in part using the resources of the
   Advanced Computing Center for Research and Education at Vanderbilt
   University. This work was funded by Howard Hughes Medical Institute
   Collaborative Innovation Award \#2009005.}},
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Number-of-Cited-References = {{64}},
Times-Cited = {{52}},
Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {{2}},
Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {{103}},
Journal-ISO = {{Genome Biol. Evol.}},
Doc-Delivery-Number = {{CQ7XI}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:000360819300025}},
OA = {{DOAJ Gold, Green Published}},
DA = {{2020-11-05}},
}

@article{ ISI:000360850000005,
Author = {Otieno, Mark and Sidhu, C. Sheena and Woodcock, Ben A. and Wilby, Andrew
   and Vogiatzakis, Ioannis N. and Mauchline, Alice L. and Gikungu, Mary W.
   and Potts, Simon G.},
Title = {{Local and landscape effects on bee functional guilds in pigeon pea crops
   in Kenya}},
Journal = {{JOURNAL OF INSECT CONSERVATION}},
Year = {{2015}},
Volume = {{19}},
Number = {{4}},
Pages = {{647-658}},
Month = {{AUG}},
Abstract = {{Pollinators face many challenges within agricultural systems due to
   landscape changes and intensification which can affect resource
   availability that can impact pollination services. This paper examines
   pigeon pea pollination and considers how landscape context and
   agricultural intensification in terms of pesticide use affects the
   abundance of bees characterized by species guilds on crops. The study
   was conducted on six paired farms across a gradient of habitat
   complexity based on the distance of each farm from adjacent semi-natural
   vegetation in Kibwezi Sub-county, Kenya. The study found that farms
   which do not use insecticides in farm management, but are in close
   proximity to natural habitat have greater bee guild abundance, but at
   further distances, overall abundance is reduced with or without
   insecticide use. At 1 km landscape radius, the complexity of habitats
   but not patch size had a positive impact on the abundance of cavity
   nesting bees and mason bees, which can be attributed to the
   interspersion of the small-holder farms with semi-natural habitats
   across the landscapes producing mosaics of heterogeneous habitats. The
   study revealed the strongest relationships between fruit set and bee
   abundance to be with the carpenter bee, social bee and solitary bee
   guilds, which are among the most abundant bees visiting pigeon pea
   flowers in this system. Our findings provide the foundation for
   conservation efforts by identifying which bee guilds pollinated pigeon
   peas. From this study, we suggest managing the floral and nesting
   resources that would best support the most abundant crop pollinators,
   and also reducing insecticide application to the crop.}},
Publisher = {{SPRINGER}},
Address = {{VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS}},
Type = {{Article}},
Language = {{English}},
Affiliation = {{Otieno, M (Corresponding Author), Embu Univ Coll, Dept Agr Resource Management, POB 6-60100, Embu, Kenya.
   Otieno, Mark, Embu Univ Coll, Dept Agr Resource Management, Embu, Kenya.
   Sidhu, C. Sheena, Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Entomol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA.
   Woodcock, Ben A., NERC Ctr Ecol \& Hydrol, Wallingford OX10 8BB, Oxon, England.
   Wilby, Andrew, Univ Lancaster, Lancaster Environm Ctr, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, England.
   Vogiatzakis, Ioannis N., Open Univ Cyprus, Sch Pure \& Appl Sci, CY-2252 Nicosia, Cyprus.
   Mauchline, Alice L.; Potts, Simon G., Univ Reading, Sch Agr Policy \& Dev, Ctr Agrienvironm Res, Reading RG6 6AR, Berks, England.
   Gikungu, Mary W., Natl Museums Kenya, Dept Zool, Nairobi 00100, Kenya.}},
DOI = {{10.1007/s10841-015-9788-z}},
ISSN = {{1366-638X}},
EISSN = {{1572-9753}},
Keywords = {{Functional group; Landscape effects; Pesticide; Semi-native; Species
   guild; Tropical agroecosystems}},
Keywords-Plus = {{LIFE-HISTORY TRAITS; POLLINATION SERVICES; AGRICULTURAL INTENSIFICATION;
   HABITAT FRAGMENTATION; ECOSYSTEM SERVICE; SPECIES RICHNESS; FARMING
   PRACTICE; HONEY-BEES; FRUIT-SET; WILD BEES}},
Research-Areas = {{Biodiversity \& Conservation; Entomology}},
Web-of-Science-Categories  = {{Biodiversity Conservation; Entomology}},
Author-Email = {{mmarkotieno@gmail.com
   cssidhu@ucr.edu}},
ResearcherID-Numbers = {{Wilby, Andrew/F-4618-2014
   Vogiatzakis, Ioannis N./J-6986-2013
   Woodcock, Benjamin Alex/F-9199-2010
   Potts, Simon G/C-7250-2008
   }},
ORCID-Numbers = {{Wilby, Andrew/0000-0001-9984-4956
   Vogiatzakis, Ioannis N./0000-0001-7071-6950
   Woodcock, Benjamin Alex/0000-0003-0300-9951
   Potts, Simon G/0000-0002-2045-980X
   Mauchline, Alice/0000-0003-1168-8552
   Otieno, Mark/0000-0002-8509-3298}},
Funding-Acknowledgement = {{Felix Trust through University of Reading; National Museums of Kenya;
   Natural Environment Research CouncilNERC Natural Environment Research
   Council {[}ceh020002, ceh020009] Funding Source: Researchfish}},
Funding-Text = {{We are greatly indebted to the Felix Trust for funding this study
   through a Ph.D. scholarship at the University of Reading. We thank Mr.
   K. Wambua for his tremendous support with field work. Many thanks to Dr.
   C. Eardley and Prof. L. Packer for their great help with bee
   identification. Finally, we thank all the support from the National
   Museums of Kenya and the farmers of Kibwezi.}},
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Number-of-Cited-References = {{70}},
Times-Cited = {{7}},
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Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {{67}},
Journal-ISO = {{J. Insect Conserv.}},
Doc-Delivery-Number = {{CQ8IF}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:000360850000005}},
OA = {{Green Accepted}},
DA = {{2020-11-05}},
}

@article{ ISI:000357597400001,
Author = {Barbosa, Wagner F. and Smagghe, Guy and Guedes, Raul Narciso C.},
Title = {{Pesticides and reduced-risk insecticides, native bees and pantropical
   stingless bees: pitfalls and perspectives}},
Journal = {{PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE}},
Year = {{2015}},
Volume = {{71}},
Number = {{8}},
Pages = {{1049-1053}},
Month = {{AUG}},
Abstract = {{Although invertebrates generally have a low public profile, the honey
   bee, Apis mellifera L., is a flagship species whose popularity likely
   derives from the products it provides and its perceived ecological
   services. Therefore, the raging debate regarding honey bee decline has
   surpassed the realm of beekeepers, academia, industry and regulatory
   agencies and now also encompasses non-governmental agencies, media,
   fiction writers and the general public. The early interest and concern
   about honey bee colony collapse disorder (CCD) soon shifted to the
   bigger issue of pollinator decline, with a focus on the potential
   involvement of pesticides in such a phenomenon. Pesticides were
   previously recognised as the potential culprits of the reported
   declines, particularly the neonicotinoid insecticides owing to their
   widespread and peculiar use in agriculture. However, the evidence for
   the potential pivotal role of these neonicotinoids in honey bee decline
   remains a matter of debate, with an increased recognition of the
   multifactorial nature of the problem and the lack of a direct
   association between the noted decline and neonicotinoid use. The focus
   on the decline of honey bee populations subsequently spread to other
   species, and bumblebees became another matter of concern, particularly
   in Europe and the United States. Other bee species, ones that are
   particularly important in other regions of the world, remain the object
   of little concern (unjustifiably so). Furthermore, the continuous focus
   on neonicotinoids is also in need of revision, as the current evidence
   suggests that a broad spectrum of compounds deserve attention. Here we
   address both shortcomings. (c) 2015 Society of Chemical Industry}},
Publisher = {{JOHN WILEY \& SONS LTD}},
Address = {{THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND}},
Type = {{Article}},
Language = {{English}},
Affiliation = {{Guedes, RNC (Corresponding Author), Univ Fed Vicosa, Dept Entomol, BR-36570900 Vicosa, MG, Brazil.
   Barbosa, Wagner F.; Guedes, Raul Narciso C., Univ Fed Vicosa, Dept Entomol, BR-36570900 Vicosa, MG, Brazil.
   Barbosa, Wagner F.; Smagghe, Guy, Univ Ghent, Fac Biosci Engn, Dept Crop Protect, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.}},
DOI = {{10.1002/ps.4025}},
ISSN = {{1526-498X}},
EISSN = {{1526-4998}},
Keywords = {{bioinsecticides; biorational insecticides; insecticidal stress;
   Meliponini; wild pollinators}},
Keywords-Plus = {{HONEY-BEE; COLONY LOSSES; MELIPONA-QUADRIFASCIATA; TOXICITY; IMPACT;
   HYMENOPTERA; POLLINATOR; APIDAE; NEONICOTINOIDS; METAANALYSIS}},
Research-Areas = {{Agriculture; Entomology}},
Web-of-Science-Categories  = {{Agronomy; Entomology}},
Author-Email = {{guedes@ufv.br}},
ResearcherID-Numbers = {{Serrano, Jose/A-2854-2009
   Guedes, Raul Narciso Carvalho/L-3924-2013
   Smagghe, Guy/AAE-8914-2019
   Barbosa, Wagner Faria/F-9531-2015}},
ORCID-Numbers = {{Serrano, Jose/0000-0002-1565-5216
   Guedes, Raul Narciso Carvalho/0000-0001-6229-7549
   Smagghe, Guy/0000-0001-8334-3313
   Barbosa, Wagner Faria/0000-0001-8725-2099}},
Funding-Acknowledgement = {{National Council of Scientific and Technological Development
   (CNPq)National Council for Scientific and Technological Development
   (CNPq); CAPES Foundations (Brazilian Ministry of Education)CAPES;
   Research Council of Ghent University (BOF-UGent)Ghent University;
   Flemish Government Agency for Innovation by Science and Technology (IWT,
   Belgium)Institute for the Promotion of Innovation by Science and
   Technology in Flanders (IWT)}},
Funding-Text = {{The authors would like to thank the Editorial Board of Pest Management
   Science and A Carrick for the opportunity to prepare this manuscript.
   The financial support provided by the National Council of Scientific and
   Technological Development (CNPq), the CAPES Foundations (Brazilian
   Ministry of Education), the Research Council of Ghent University
   (BOF-UGent) and the Flemish Government Agency for Innovation by Science
   and Technology (IWT, Belgium) is also greatly appreciated.}},
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Times-Cited = {{46}},
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Journal-ISO = {{Pest Manag. Sci.}},
Doc-Delivery-Number = {{CM3QG}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:000357597400001}},
OA = {{Green Published}},
DA = {{2020-11-05}},
}

@article{ ISI:000357479700012,
Author = {Wang, Rong and Segar, Simon T. and Harper, Maximilian and Yu, Hui and
   Quinnell, Rupert J. and Compton, Stephen G.},
Title = {{Between-species facilitation by male fig wasps in shared figs}},
Journal = {{ECOLOGICAL ENTOMOLOGY}},
Year = {{2015}},
Volume = {{40}},
Number = {{4}},
Pages = {{428-436}},
Month = {{AUG}},
Abstract = {{1. Facilitation is recorded from diverse plant-insect interactions,
   including pollination and herbivory. 2. The significance of facilitation
   resulting from the behavior of males of multiple fig wasp species inside
   figs was investigated. Female fig wasps emerge from natal figs via exit
   holes dug by males, especially male pollinators. When no males are
   present, the females struggle to escape and may die. 3. Ficus microcarpa
   L. is a widely-established invasive fig tree from Southeast Asia. Its
   pollinator is absent in South Africa, so the tree cannot reproduce, but
   two Asian non-pollinating fig wasps (NPFW) Walkerella microcarpae and
   Odontofroggatia galili occupy its figs. Abundance patterns of the two
   NPFW and the proportion of male-free figs in South Africa, Spain (where
   the pollinator is introduced), and in China, where the native fig wasp
   community is diverse, were compared to determine the consequences of
   reduced species richness for insect survival. 4. Female fig wasps in
   male-free figs were found to be trapped, and small clutch sizes
   contributed to the absence of males in both species. The presence of
   pollinators in Spain allowed most NPFW to develop in figs containing
   males. Far more male-free figs were present in South Africa, elevating
   mortality rates among female NPFW. Facilitation of female release by
   males of other NPFW species nonetheless benefitted the rarer species. 5.
   Selection pressures in South Africa currently favour greater aggregation
   of NPFW offspring and/or less female biased sex ratios.}},
Publisher = {{WILEY}},
Address = {{111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA}},
Type = {{Article}},
Language = {{English}},
Affiliation = {{Compton, SG (Corresponding Author), Univ Leeds, Sch Biol, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England.
   Wang, Rong; Harper, Maximilian; Quinnell, Rupert J.; Compton, Stephen G., Univ Leeds, Sch Biol, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England.
   Wang, Rong, E China Normal Univ, Tiantong Natl Stn Forest Ecosyst, Sch Ecol \& Environm Sci, Shanghai 200062, Peoples R China.
   Segar, Simon T., Univ South Bohemia, Fac Sci, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic.
   Yu, Hui, Chinese Acad Sci, South China Bot Garden, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
   Compton, Stephen G., Rhodes Univ, Dept Zool \& Entomol, ZA-6140 Grahamstown, South Africa.}},
DOI = {{10.1111/een.12201}},
ISSN = {{0307-6946}},
EISSN = {{1365-2311}},
Keywords = {{Agaonidae; brood size; density compensation; Ficus; inter-specific
   facilitation; mutualism}},
Keywords-Plus = {{CLUTCH SIZE; FICUS-MICROCARPA; PLANT INVASIONS; SEX-RATIO; EVOLUTION;
   PREDATION; INSECT; ALLOCATION; DIVERSITY; EMERGENCE}},
Research-Areas = {{Entomology}},
Web-of-Science-Categories  = {{Entomology}},
Author-Email = {{s.g.a.compton@leeds.ac.uk}},
ResearcherID-Numbers = {{Segar, Simon/K-6783-2015
   Barwell, Louise J J/F-3309-2019
   }},
ORCID-Numbers = {{Barwell, Louise J J/0000-0002-1643-1046
   Wang, Rong/0000-0003-4652-2149}},
Funding-Acknowledgement = {{China Scholarship Council (CSC)China Scholarship Council; project
   Postdoc USB through EU Education for Competitiveness Operational
   Programme {[}CZ.1.07/2.3.00/30.0006]; European Social FundEuropean
   Social Fund (ESF); Czech State Budget}},
Funding-Text = {{We thank Dr Simon van Noort for helpful advice on fig wasps in South
   Africa. We also thank the China Scholarship Council (CSC) for the
   financial support of the PhD study of Rong Wang. Simon Segar was
   supported by the project Postdoc USB (reg.no. CZ.1.07/2.3.00/30.0006)
   through EU Education for Competitiveness Operational Programme. This
   project is funded by European Social Fund and Czech State Budget. R.W.
   and S.G.C. conceived and designed the experiments. R.W., M.H., H.Y. and
   S.G.C. performed the experiments. R.W., S.T.S., R.J.Q. and S.G.C.
   analysed the data. R.W. and S.G.C. wrote the manuscript and other
   authors also provided editorial advice.}},
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Number-of-Cited-References = {{52}},
Times-Cited = {{1}},
Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {{0}},
Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {{43}},
Journal-ISO = {{Ecol. Entomol.}},
Doc-Delivery-Number = {{CM1ZR}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:000357479700012}},
OA = {{Green Published, Green Accepted}},
DA = {{2020-11-05}},
}

@article{ ISI:000357479700015,
Author = {Tadey, Mariana},
Title = {{Indirect effects of grazing intensity on pollinators and floral
   visitation}},
Journal = {{ECOLOGICAL ENTOMOLOGY}},
Year = {{2015}},
Volume = {{40}},
Number = {{4}},
Pages = {{451-460}},
Month = {{AUG}},
Abstract = {{1. The introduction of livestock in natural areas is a common
   disturbance that affects both plant and pollinator diversity and might
   affect their interaction. Understanding whether livestock affect a food
   resource for pollinators (i.e. flower abundance) and/or a pollinator
   assemblage (i.e. abundance and richness) has important implications for
   plant-pollinator interactions and still needs deeper investigation. 2.
   This study investigated how pollinator communities and flower abundance
   determined floral visitation frequency along a grazing gradient, using
   seven large paddocks in Patagonian Monte Desert that varied in livestock
   densities. Pollinator visitation frequency was measured in five of the
   most abundant native plant species of the region, present in all the
   paddocks, but that differed in reproductive strategy ranging from
   insect-pollinated self-compatible and self-incompatible to
   wind-pollinated. The influence of livestock density, insect, and flower
   abundance on visitation frequency was evaluated using D-separation
   hierarchical path models. 3. Intermediate stocking densities showed the
   highest insect richness and abundance. Livestock density showed a
   negative quadratic relationship with insect richness; hymenopterans
   being the main insect group in the region. Flower density decreased with
   the increase in livestock density. The five plant species shared several
   pollinator species although each one supported a distinct assemblage. 4.
   The path model showed that livestock was not directly associated with
   pollinator visitation frequency; however, this apparent lack of
   association was as a result of opposite forces acting together. An
   increase in livestock density reduced visitation frequency through a
   decrease in insect abundance, yet, livestock simultaneously increased
   the pollinator visitation rate through decreased flower abundance. 5.
   This study describes how changes in the density of exotic mammals can
   affect pollinator and flower abundance, resulting in contrasting effects
   on flower visitation rates with, apparently, neutral net consequences.
   This illustrates the complexity of responses to plant-pollinator
   interactions to anthropogenic disturbances that alter the ecological
   context.}},
Publisher = {{WILEY}},
Address = {{111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA}},
Type = {{Article}},
Language = {{English}},
Affiliation = {{Tadey, M (Corresponding Author), Univ Nacl Comahue, CRUB, CONICET, Pasaje Gutierrez 1125, RA-8400 San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina.
   Tadey, Mariana, Univ Nacl Comahue, CRUB, CONICET, Lab Ecotono, RA-8400 San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina.}},
DOI = {{10.1111/een.12209}},
ISSN = {{0307-6946}},
EISSN = {{1365-2311}},
Keywords = {{Arid environment; hierarchical path models; insect abundance

license: MIT

license_type: permissive

branch_name: refs/heads/main

extension: bib