text:
2},
  address = {Oxford},
  topic = {nl-comprehension-philosophy;}
  }

@incollection{ saintcyr-lang_j:2002a,
  author = {Florence Dupin de Saint-Cyr and J\'erome Lang},
  title = {Belief Extrapolaion (or How to Reason about Observations
  	and Unpredicted Change)},
  booktitle = {{KR2002}: Principles of Knowledge Representation and
  	Reasoning},
  publisher = {Morgan Kaufmann},
  year = {2002},
  editor = {Dieter Fensel and Fausto Giunchiglia and Deborah
  	L. McGuinness and Mary-Anne Williams},
  pages = {497--508},
  address = {San Francisco, California},
  topic = {kr;reasoning-about-observations;}
  }

@incollection{ saintdizier:1992b,
  author = {Patrick Saint-Dizier},
  title = {A Constraint Logic Programming Treatment of Syntactic Choice
  	in Natural Language Generation},
  booktitle = {Aspects of Automated Natural Language Generation: 6th
    International Workshop on Natural Language Generation, {T}rento,
    {I}taly, April 5--7, 1992},
  publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
  year = {1992},
  editor = {Robert Dale and Eduard Hovy and Dietmar R\"ossner and
  	Oliviero Stock},
  pages = {119--134},
  address = {Berlin},
  rtnote = {In RHT collection.},
  topic = {nl-generation;lexical-choice;constraint-logic-programming;}
  }

@incollection{ saintdizier:1995a,
  author = {Patrick Saint-Dizier},
  title = {Constraint Propagation Techniques for Lexical Semantics
  	Descriptions},
  booktitle = {Computational Lexical Semantics},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
  year = {1995},
  editor = {Patrick Saint-Dizier and Evelyne Viegas},
  pages = {426--440},
  address = {Cambridge, England},
  topic = {nl-kr;computational-lexical-semantics;lexical-processing;}
  }

@incollection{ saintdizier:1998a,
  author = {Patrick Saint-Dizier},
  title = {Sense Variation and Lexical Semantics Generative
  		Operations},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Joint Conference on New Methods in
  	Language Processing and Computational Natural Language
	Learning: {NeMLaP3/CoNLL98}},
  publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
  year = {1998},
  editor = {David M.W. Powers},
  pages = {121--130},
  address = {Somerset, New Jersey},
  topic = {computational-lexicography;lexical-semantics;
		lexical-disambiguation;}
  }

@book{ saintdizier:1999a,
  editor = {Patrick Saint-Dizier},
  title = {Predicative Forms in Natural Language and in Lexical
  	Knowledge Bases},
  publisher = {Kluwer Academic Publishers},
  year = {1999},
  address = {Dordrecht},
  ISBN = {0-7923-5499-0},
  xref = {Review: stede:2000a.},
  topic = {predication;lexical-semantics;}
 }

@book{ saintdizier-szpakowicz:1990a,
  editor = {Patrick Saint-Dizier and Stan Szpakowicz},
  title = {Logic and Logic Grammars for Language Processing},
  publisher = {Ellis Horwood},
  year = {1990},
  address = {New York},
  ISBN = {0745805833},
  rtnote = {UMich Media Union Library, QA 76.63 .L621 1990.},
  topic = {grammar-formalisms;grammar-logics;nl-processing;}
 }

@book{ saintdizier-viegas:1995a,
  editor = {Patrick Saint-Dizier and Evelyne Viegas},
  title = {Computational Lexical Semantics},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
  year = {1995},
  address = {Cambridge, England},
  contentnote = {TC:
     1. Patrick Saint-Dizier and Evelyne Viegas, "An Introduction
     		to Lexical Semantics from a Linguistic and a
		Psycholinguistic Perspective", pp. 1--29
     2. David A. Cruse, "Polysemy and Related Phenomena from
     		a Cognitive Linguistic Viewpoint", pp. 33--49
     3. Jean Fran\c{c}ois le Ny, "Mentak Lexicon and Machine
     		Lexicon: Which Properties Are Shared by
		Machine and Mental Word Representations", pp. 50--67
     4. James Pustejovsky, "Linguistic Constraints on Type
     		Coercion", pp. 71--97
     5. Sabine Bergler, "From Lexical Semantics to Text
     		Analysus", pp. 98--124
     6. Dirk Heylen, "Lexical Functions, Generative Lexicons,
     		and the World", pp. 125--140
     7. Gabriel G. B\`es and Alain Lecomte, "Semantic
     		Features in a Generic Lexicon", pp. 141--162
     8. Gerrit Burkert, "Lexical Semantics and Terminological
     		Knowledge Representation", pp. 165--184
     9. Peter Gerstl, "Word Meaning Between Lexical and
     		Conceptual Structure", pp. 185--206
    10. Ann Copestake, "The Representation of Group Denoting
    		Nouns in a Lexical Knowledge Base", pp. 207--230
    11. Martha Palmer and Alain Polgu\`ere, "A Preliminary Lexical
    		and Conceptual Analysis of BREAK: A Computational
		Perspective", pp. 231--250
    12. Jean V\'eronis and Nancy Ide, "Large Neural Networks for
    		the Resolution of Lexical Ambiguity", pp. 251--272
    13. Ted Briscoe, Ann Copestake, and Alex
    		Lascarides, "Blocking", pp. 273--302
    14. Daniel Kayser and Hocine Abir, "A Non-Monotonic
    		Approach to Lexical Semantics", pp. 303--318
    15. Adam Kilgarriff, "Inheriting Polysemy", pp. 319--335
    16. Marc Cavazza and Pierre Zweigenbaum, "Lexical Semantics:
    		Dictionary or Encyclopedia?", pp. 336--347
    17. Margarita Alonso Ramos and Agnes Tutin and Guy
    		Lapalme, "Lexical Functions of the {\it Explanatory
		Combinatorial Dictionary} for Lexicalization
		in Text Generation", pp. 351--366
    18. Bonnie Jean Dorr, "A Lexical-Semantic Solution to the Divergence
    	        Problem in Machine Translation", pp. 367--395
    19. Jacques Jayez, "Introducing {L}ex{L}og", pp. 399--425
    20. Patrick Saint-Dizier, "Constraint Propagation
    		Techniques for Lexical Semantics
		Descriptions", pp. 426--440
  },
  ISBN = {0-521-44410-1},
  rtnote = {In RHT collection.  CL Shelves.},
  xref = {Review: deane:1995a.},
  topic = {machine-translation;nl-kr;computational-lexical-semantics;
  	lexical-processing;}
 }

@incollection{ saintdizier-viegas:1995b,
  author = {Patrick Saint-Dizier and Evelyne Viegas},
  title = {An Introduction to Lexical Semantics From a Linguistic and a
  	Psycholinguistic Perspective},
  booktitle = {Computational Lexical Semantics},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
  year = {1995},
  editor = {Patrick Saint-Dizier and Evelyne Viegas},
  pages = {1--29},
  address = {Cambridge, England},
  topic = {nl-kr;computational-lexical-semantics;}
  }

@article{ saka:1998a,
  author = {Paul Saka},
  title = {Quotation and the Use-Mention Distinction},
  journal = {Mind, New Series},
  year = {1998},
  volume = {107},
  number = {425},
  pages = {113--135},
  topic = {direct-discourse;pragmatics;}
  }

@article{ saka:2006a,
  author = {Paul Saka},
  title = {The Demonstrative and Identity Theories of Quotation},
  journal = {The Journal of Philosophy},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {103},
  number = {9},
  pages = {452--471},
  topic = {direct-discourse;}
  }

@article{ sakama-inoue:2000a,
  author = {Chiaki Sakama and Katsumi Inoue},
  title = {Prioritized Logic Programming and Its Application to
  	Commonsense Reasoning},
  journal = {Artificial Intelligence},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {123},
  number = {1--2},
  pages = {185--222},
  topic = {prioritized-logic-programming;common-sense-reasoning;}
  }

@incollection{ sakama-seki:1994a,
  author = {Chiaki Sakama and Hirohisa Seki},
  title = {Partial Deduction of
    		Disjunctive Logic Programs: A Declarative
		Approach},
  booktitle = {Logic Programming Synthesis and Transformation,
  	Meta-Programming in Logic: Fourth International Workshops,
	{LOBSTR}'94 and	{META}'94, Pisa, Italy},
  publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
  year = {1994},
  editor = {Laurent Fribourg and Franco Turini},
  pages = {170--182},
  address = {Berlin},
  topic = {logic-program-synthesis;}
  }

@incollection{ sakas:2000a,
  author = {William Gregory Sakas},
  title = {Modeling the Effect of Cross-Language
    	    Ambiguity on Human Syntax Acquisition},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Fourth Conference on Computational
  	Natural Language Learning and of the Second Learning Language
	in Logic Workshop, {L}isbon, 2000},
  publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
  year = {2000},
  editor = {Claire Cardie and Walter Daelemans and Claire N\'edellec
  	and Erik Tjong Kim Sang},
  pages = {61--66},
  address = {Somerset, New Jersey},
  topic = {cognitive-modeling;L1-acquisition;}
  }

@article{ sakezles:2001a,
  author = {Priscilla K. Sakezles},
  title = {Review of \emph{{A}gainst the Grammarians}, by {S}extus
  	{E}mpiricus},
  journal = {The Philosophical Review},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {110},
  number = {3},
  pages = {449--450},
  xref = {Review of: empiricus:1998a.},
  topic = {Hellenistic-philosophy;skepticism;philosophy-of-linguistics;
  	Sextus-Empiricus;}
  }

@book{ sales:2005a,
  author = {Ricardo Sales},
  title = {The Stoics on Determinism and Compatibilism},
  publisher = {Ashgate},
  year = {2005},
  address = {Brighton, Vermont},
  ISBN = {0 7546 3876 2},
  topic = {(in)determinism;future-contingent-propositions;
  		Stoic-philosophy;}
 }

@book{ salkie:1995a,
  author = {Raphael Salkie},
  title = {Text and Discourse Analysis},
  publisher = {Routledge},
  year = {1995},
  address = {London},
  rtnote = {In RHT collection.  Shelf.},
  rtnote = {pragmatics-course;},
  topic = {discourse-analysis;pragmatics;}
 }

@article{ salkoff:1983a,
  author = {M. Salkoff},
  title = {Bees Are Swarming in the Garden},
  journal = {Language},
  year = {1983},
  volume = {59},
  number = {2},
  pages = {288--346},
  missinginfo = {A's 1st name.},
  topic = {transitivity-alternations;}
  }

@article{ salles-bredeweg:2003a,
  author = {Paolo Salles and Bert Bredeweg},
  title = {Qualitative Reasoning about Population and Community Ecology},
  journal = {The {AI} Magazine},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {24},
  number = {4},
  pages = {77--90},
  topic = {qualitative-reasoning;ecology;}
  }

@book{ salmon_n:1982a,
  author = {Nathan Salmon},
  title = {Direct Reference},
  publisher = {Princeton University Press},
  year = {1982},
  address = {Princeton, New Jersey},
  topic = {reference;proper-names;philosophy-of-language;}
 }

@book{ salmon_n:1986a,
  editor = {Nathan Salmon},
  title = {Frege's Puzzle},
  publisher = {The {MIT} Press},
  year = {1986},
  address = {Cambridge, Massachusetts},
  rtnote = {In RHT Collection.  LLP authored shelves.},
  topic = {propositional-attitudes;philosophy-of-language;
  	intensionality;}
 }

@incollection{ salmon_n:1989a,
  author = {Nathan Salmon},
  title = {Illogical Belief},
  booktitle = {Philosophical Perspectives 3:
  	Philosophy of Mind and Action Theory},
  publisher = {Ridgeview Publishing Company},
  year = {1989},
  editor = {James E. Tomberlin},
  pages = {243--285},
  address = {Atasacadero, California},
  note = {Also available at http://www.jstor.org/journals/.},
  topic = {belief;proposiitional-attitudes;hyperintensionality;}
  }

@incollection{ salmon_n:1990a,
  author = {Nathan Salmon},
  title = {A {M}illian Heir Rejects the Wages of {S}inn},
  booktitle = {Propositional Attitudes: The Role of Content in Logic,
  	Language, and Mind},
  publisher = {Center for the Study of Language and Information},
  year = {1990},
  editor = {C. Anthony Anderson and Joseph Owens},
  pages = {215--247},
  address = {Stanford, California},
  topic = {reference;intensionality;}
  }

@article{ salmon_n:1991a,
  author = {Nathan Salmon},
  title = {The Pragmatic Fallacy},
  journal = {Philosophical Studies},
  year = {1991},
  volume = {63},
  number = {1},
  pages = {83--97},
  rtnote = {Apparently, the fallacy is simply confusing speaker
  	meaning with linguistic meaning.},
  topic = {definite-descriptions;pragmatics;speaker-meaning;}
  }

@article{ salmon_n:1992a,
  author = {Nathan Salmon},
  title = {Reflections on Reflexivity},
  journal = {Linguistics and Philosophy},
  year = {1992},
  volume = {15},
  number = {1},
  pages = {53--63},
  topic = {reflexive-constructions;anaphora;}
  }

@article{ salmon_n:1993a,
  author = {Nathan Salmon},
  title = {This Side of Paradox},
  journal = {Philosophical Topics},
  year = {1994},
  volume = {21},
  number = {2},
  pages = {187--197},
  topic = {individuation;vagueness;}
  }

@incollection{ salmon_n:1993b,
  author = {Nathan Salmon},
  title = {Analyticity and Apriority},
  booktitle = {Philosophical Perspectives, Volume 7:
  	Language and Logic},
  publisher = {Blackwell Publishers},
  year = {1993},
  editor = {James E. Tomberlin},
  pages = {125--133},
  address = {Oxford},
  note = {Also available at http://www.jstor.org/journals/.},
  topic = {analyticity;a-priori;}
  }

@incollection{ salmon_n:1997a,
  author = {Nathan Salmon},
  title = {Wholes, Parts, and Numbers},
  booktitle = {Philosophical Perspectives 11: Mind, Causation, and World},
  publisher = {Blackwell Publishers},
  year = {1997},
  editor = {James E. Tomberlin},
  pages = {1--25},
  address = {Oxford},
  rtnote = {In RHT collection.},
  contentnote = {Considers the meaning of fractional quantifiers.  An
	interesting problem in nl-metaphysics and CSR.},
  topic = {nl-quantifiers;nl-metaphysics;common-sense-reasoning;}
  }

@article{ salmon_n:1998a,
  author = {Nathan Salmon},
  title = {Nonexistence},
  journal = {No\^us},
  year = {1998},
  volume = {32},
  number = {3},
  pages = {277--319},
  topic = {reference-gaps;(non)existence;}
  }

@article{ salmon_n:2002a,
  author = {Nathan Salmon},
  title = {Demonstrating and Necessity},
  journal = {The Philosophical Review},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {111},
  number = {4},
  pages = {497--537},
  topic = {demonstratives;}
  }

@article{ salmon_n:2005a,
  author = {Nathan Salmon},
  title = {Are General Terms Rigid?},
  journal = {Linguistics and Philosophy},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {28},
  number = {1},
  pages = {117--134},
  topic = {general-terms;individuation;}
  }

@incollection{ salmon_n:2006a,
  author = {Nathan Salmon},
  title = {Terms in Bondage},
  booktitle = {Philosophy of Language},
  publisher = {Blackwell Publishers},
  year = {2006},
  editor = {Ernest Sosa and Enrique Villanueva},
  pages = {263--274},
  address = {Oxford},
  topic = {variable-binding;nl-semantics;}
  }

@article{ salmon_n:2006b,
  author = {Nathan Salmon},
  title = {A Theory of Bondage},
  journal = {The Philosophical Review},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {115},
  number = {4},
  pages = {415--449},
  topic = {variable-binding;nl-semantics;}
  }

@book{ salmon_n-soames:1988a,
  editor = {Nathan Salmon and Scott Soames},
  title = {Propositions and Attitudes},
  publisher = {Oxford University Press},
  year = {1988},
  address = {Oxford},
  topic = {propositional-attitudes;}
 }

@article{ salmon_wc:1957a,
  author = {Wesley Salmon},
  title = {Should We Attempt to Justify Induction?},
  journal = {Philosophical Studies},
  year = {1957},
  volume = {8},
  number = {3},
  pages = {33--48},
  rtnote = {In RHT collection.},
  topic = {induction;philosophy-of-science;}
  }

@book{ salomon:1995a,
  author = {David Salomon},
  title = {The Advanced \TeX{}book},
  publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
  year = {1995},
  address = {Berlin},
  ISBN = {0-387-94556-3},
  rtnote = {In RHT collection.  Summer 2003.},
  topic = {TeX/LaTeX-manual;computer-assisted-document-preparation;}
 }

@article{ salvati:2010a,
  author = {Sylvain Salvati},
  title = {On the Membership Problem for Non-Linear Abstract
  		Categorial Grammars},
  journal = {Journal of Logic, Language, and Information},
  year = {2010},
  volume = {19},
  number = {2},
  pages = {163--183},
  topic = {categorial-grammar;}
  }

@article{ sambin-etal:2000a,
  author = {Giovanni Sambin and Giulia Battilotti and Claudio Faggian},
  title = {Basic Logic: Reflection, Symmetry, Visibility},
  journal = {Journal of Symbolic Logic},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {65},
  number = {3},
  pages = {979--1013},
  topic = {proof-theory;substructural-logics;linear-logic;}
  }

@article{ sambin-valentini:1980a,
  author = {Giovanni Sambin and Silvio Valentini},
  title = {A Modal Sequent Calculus for a Fragment of Arithmetic},
  journal = {Studia Logica},
  year = {1980},
  volume = {39},
  number = {2/3},
  pages = {245--256},
  topic = {proof-theory;formalizations-of-arithmetic;}
  }

@article{ sambin-valentini:1982a,
  author = {Giovanni Sambin and Silvio Valentini},
  title = {The Modal Logic of Provability: The Sequential Approach},
  journal = {Journal of Philosophical Logic},
  year = {1982},
  volume = {11},
  number = {3},
  pages = {311--342},
  topic = {provability-logic;}
  }

@inproceedings{ samet_d:1998a,
  author = {Dov Samet},
  title = {Quantified Beliefs and Believed Quantities},
  booktitle = {Theoretical Aspects of Reasoning about Knowledge:
    Proceedings of the Seventh Conference ({TARK} 1998)},
  year = {1998},
  editor = {Itzhak Gilboa},
  pages = {263--272},
  publisher = {Morgan Kaufmann},
  address = {San Francisco, California},
  topic = {foundations-of-probability;measurement-theory;
  	higher-order-probability;}
  }

@incollection{ samet_j:1986a,
  author = {Jerry Samet},
  title = {Troubles with {F}odor's Nativism},
  booktitle = {Midwest Studies in Philosophy Volume {X}:
  	Studies in the Philosophy of Mind},
  publisher = {University of Minnesota Press},
  year = {1986},
  editor = {Peter A. French and Theodore E. {Uehling, Jr.} and Howard K.
  	Wettstein},
  pages = {575--594},
  address = {Minneapolis},
  topic = {innate-ideas;}
  }

@article{ samet_j-schank_rc:1984a,
  author = {Jerry Samet and Roger C. Schank},
  title = {Coherence and Connectivity},
  journal = {Linguistics and Philosophy},
  year = {1984},
  volume = {7},
  number = {1},
  pages = {57--82},
  topic = {discourse-coherence;pragmatics;}
  }

@article{ sampson_g:1976a,
  author = {Geoffrey Sampson},
  title = {An Empirical Hypothesis about Natural Semantics},
  journal = {Journal of Philosophical Logic},
  year = {1976},
  volume = {5},
  number = {2},
  pages = {209--236},
  topic = {philosophy-of-linguistics;philosophy-of-logic;}
  }

@article{ sampson_g:1979a,
  author = {Geoffrey Sampson},
  title = {A Non-Nativist Account of Language Universals},
  journal = {Linguistics and Philosophy},
  year = {1979},
  volume = {3},
  number = {1},
  pages = {99--104},
  topic = {foundations-of-syntax;foundations-of-universal-grammar;
  	language-universals;}
  }

@book{ sampson_g:1980a,
  author = {Geoffrey Sampson},
  title = {Making Sense},
  publisher = {Oxford University Press},
  year = {1980},
  address = {Oxford},
  xref = {Review: abbott_b-hudson_g:1981a,},
  topic = {foundations-of-semantics;foundations-of-linguistics;
  	language-universals;}
 }

@book{ sampson_g:1981a,
  author = {Geoffrey Sampson},
  title = {Making Sense},
  publisher = {Oxford University Press},
  year = {1981},
  address = {Oxford},
  xref = {Review: hudson_g:1981a.},
  topic = {foundations-of-semantics;philosophy-of-linguistics;}
 }

@book{ sampson_g:1985a,
  author = {Geoffrey Sampson},
  title = {Writing Systems : A Linguistic Introduction},
  publisher = {Hutchinson},
  year = {1985},
  address = {London},
  ISBN = {009156980X},
  rtnote = {UMich Graduate Library P211 .S19x 1985},
  topic = {writing-systems;}
 }

@article{ sampson_g:1992a,
  author = {Geoffrey Sampson},
  title = {Book Review: The Linguistics of Punctuation},
  journal = {Linguistics},
  year = {1992},
  volume = {30},
  number = {2},
  pages = {467--475},
  topic = {punctuation;}
 }

@book{ sampson_g:1995a,
  author = {Geoffrey Sampson},
  title = {English for the Computer: The {SUSANNE} Corpus
  	and Analytic Scheme},
  publisher = {Oxford University Press},
  year = {1995},
  address = {Oxford},
  ISBN = {0198240236},
  rtnote = {UMich Graduate Library 820.5 S192en},
  topic = {corpus;English-language;}
 }

@article{ sampson_g:1998a,
  author = {Geoffrey Sampson},
  title = {Review of \emph{{F}rom Grammar to Science: New Foundations
  	for General Linguistics}, by {V}ictor {I}ngve},
  journal = {Computational Linguistics},
  year = {1998},
  volume = {24},
  number = {1},
  pages = {173--175},
  xref = {Review of ingve:1996a.},
  topic = {empirical-methods-in-cogsci;foundations-of-linguistics;
  	philosophy-of-linguistics;}
  }

@book{ sampson_g:2001a,
  author = {Geoffrey Sampson},
  title = {Empirical Linguistics},
  publisher = {Continuum},
  year = {2001},
  address = {London},
  ISBN = {0-8264-4883-6},
  rtnote = {UMich Graduate Library, P 126 .S241 2001.},
  xref = {Review: abney:2002a.},
  topic = {corpus-linguistics;}
 }

@article{ sampson_g:2002a,
  author = {Geoffrey Sampson},
  title = {Review of \emph{{W}ord Frequency Distributions}, by
  	{R}. {H}arald {B}aayen},
  journal = {Computational Linguistics},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {28},
  number = {4},
  pages = {565--569},
  xref = {Review of: baayen:2001a.},
  topic = {corpus-statistics;word-frequencies;}
  }

@incollection{ samuels-etal:2002a,
  author = {Richard Samuels and Steven Stich and Michael Bishop},
  title = {Ending the Rationality Wars How to Make Disputes about
  	Human Rationality Disappear},
  booktitle = {Common Sense, Reasoning, and Rationality},
  publisher = {Oxford University Press},
  year = {2002},
  editor = {Ren\'ee Elio},
  pages = {236--268},
  address = {Oxford},
  abstract = {This chapter focuses on the two opposing sides of the
    current rationality wars with the "heuristics and biases"
    researchers on the one hand, and the evolutionary psychologists
    on the other.  The former group cites decades of evidence that
    people have systematic deviations from rationality, as evidenced
    by their performance on certain types of formal reasoning tasks.
    The latter group asserts the implausibility of the human
    architecture evolving with an inaccurate sense of probability and
    offers evidence that a representation of various formal problems
    in more ecologically valid forms makes the so-called irrational
    response patterns disappear.  It is argued that the illusion that
    evolutionary psychology and the heuristics and biases tradition
    have a deep disagreement about how rational human beings are
    should disappear.  This is not to say, however, that there are no
    genuine disagreements between these two research programs.},
  topic = {irrationality;philosophy-of-psychology;}
  }

@inproceedings{ samuelson_l:1988a,
  author = {Larry Samuelson},
  title = {Evolutionary Foundations of Solution Concepts for Finite,
  	Two-Player, Normal-Form Games},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Second Conference on Theoretical
  	Aspects of Reasoning about Knowledge},
  year = {1988},
  editor = {Moshe Y. Vardi},
  pages = {211--225},
  publisher = {Morgan Kaufmann},
  address = {San Francisco},
  topic = {game-theory;strategy-selection;}
  }

@incollection{ samuelsson:1998a,
  author = {Christer Samuelsson},
  title = {Linguistic Theory in Statistical Language Learning},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Joint Conference on New Methods in
  	Language Processing and Computational Natural Language
	Learning: {NeMLaP3/CoNLL98}},
  publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
  year = {1998},
  editor = {David M.W. Powers},
  pages = {83--89},
  address = {Somerset, New Jersey},
  topic = {statistical-nlp;language-learning;
  	word-sequence-probabilities;machine-learning;n-gram-models;
	foundations-of-linguistics;}
  }

@inproceedings{ samuelsson-voutilainen:1997a,
  author = {Christer Samuelsson and Atro Voutilainen},
  title = {Comparing a Linguistic and a Stochastic Tagger},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Thirty-Fifth Annual Meeting of the
		{A}ssociation for {C}omputational {L}inguistics and Eighth
		Conference of the {E}uropean Chapter of the {A}ssociation
		for {C}omputational {L}inguistics},
  year = {1997},
  editor = {Philip R. Cohen and Wolfgang Wahlster},
  pages = {246--253},
  organization = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
  publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
  address = {Somerset, New Jersey},
  topic = {part-of-speech-tagging;}
 }

@book{ sandeen:1970a,
  author = {Ernest R. Sandeen},
  title = {The Roots of Fundamentalism: {B}ritish and {A}merican
  	Millenarianism 1800--1930},
  year = {1970},
  publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
  address = {Chicago},
  missinginfo = {publisher},
  topic = {fundamentalism;}
 }

@article{ sandeen:1970b,
  author = {Ernest R. Sandeen},
  title = {Fundamentalism and {A}merican Identity},
  journal = {The Annals of the {A}merican {A}cademy of {P}olitical and
  	{S}ocial {S}cience},
  year = {1970},
  volume = {387},
  pages = {56--65},
  missinginfo = {volume is 387???, number},
  topic = {fundamentalism;}
  }

@incollection{ sanders:1974a,
  author = {Gerald A. Sanders},
  title = {Introduction: Issues of Explanation in Linguistics},
  booktitle = {Explaining Linguistic Phenomena},
  publisher = {Hemisphere Publishing Corp.},
  year = {1974},
  editor = {David Cohen},
  pages = {1--41},
  address = {Washington, DC},
  topic = {philosophy-of-linguistics;linguistics-methodology;
  	explanation;}
  }

@incollection{ sanders:1983a,
  author = {Robert E. Sanders},
  title = {Tools for Cohering Discourse and Their Strategic Utilization:
  	Markers of Structural Connections and Meaning Relations},
  booktitle = {Conversational Coherence: Form, Structure and Strategy},
  publisher = {Sage Publications},
  year = {1983},
  editor = {Robert T. Craig and Karen Tracey},
  pages = {67--80},
  address = {London},
  topic = {discourse-coherence;discourse-analysis;discourse-structure;
  	discourse-cue-words;pragmatics;}
  }

@article{ sanderson:2000a,
  author = {Mark Sanderson},
  title = {Review of \emph{{A}dvances in Automatic Text Summarization},
  	by {I}nderjeet {M}ani and {M}ark {T}. {M}aybury},
  journal = {Computational Linguistics},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {26},
  number = {2},
  pages = {280--281},
  xref = {Review of: mani-maybury_r:1999a.},
  topic = {text-summary;}
  }

@article{ sandewall:1970a,
  author = {Erik Sandewall},
  title = {Formal Methods in the Design of Question-Answering
  	Systems},
  journal = {Artificial Intelligence},
  year = {1970},
  volume = {2},
  number = {2},
  pages = {129--145},
  topic = {question-answering;}
  }

@incollection{ sandewall:1972a,
  author =  {Erik Sandewall},
  title = {An Approach to the Frame Problem, and Its Implementation},
  booktitle = {Machine Intelligence 7},
  publisher = {Edinburgh University Press},
  year = {1972},
  editor = {Donald Michie and Bernard Meltzer},
  pages = {195--204},
  missinginfo = {E's 1st name},
  topic = {nonmonotonic-reasoning;frame-problem;}
  }

@inproceedings{ sandewall:1985a1,
  author = {Erik Sandewall},
  title = {A Functional Approach to Non-Monotonic Logic},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Ninth International Joint
  	Conference on Artificial Intelligence},
  year = {1985},
  editor = {Arivind Joshi},
  pages = {100--106},
  publisher = {Morgan Kaufmann},
  address = {Los Altos, California},
  rtnote = {In RHT collection.},
  xref = {Journal Publication: sandewall:1985a2.},
  topic = {nonmonotonic-logic;}
 }

@article{ sandewall:1985a2,
  author = {Erik Sandewall},
  title = {A Functional Approach to Non-Monotonic Logic},
  journal = {Computational Intelligence},
  year = {1985},
  volume = {1},
  pages = {80--87},
  rtnote = {In RHT collection.},
  xref = {Conference Publication: sandewall:1985a1.},
  topic = {nonmonotonic-logic;}
 }

@article{ sandewall:1986a,
  author = {Erik Sandewall},
  title = {Non-Monotonic Inference Rules for Multiple Inheritance
  	With Exceptions},
  journal = {Proceedings of the {IEEE}},
  year = {1986},
  volume = {74},
  pages = {1345--1353},
  missinginfo = {number},
  rtnote = {In RHT collection.},
  topic = {inheritance-theory;}
  }

@inproceedings{ sandewall:1987a,
  author =  {Eric Sandewall},
  title = {The Semantics of Non-Monotonic Entailment Defined
  	Using Partial Interpretations},
  booktitle = {Second International Workshop on Non-Monotonic Reasoning},
  year = {1987},
  editor = {Michael Reinfrank and Johan de Kleer and Eric Sandewall},
  publisher = {Springer Verlag},
  address = {Berlin},
  rtnote = {Handwritten version in RHT collection.},
  missinginfo = {pages},
  topic = {nonmonotonic-logic;partial-logic;}
  }

@unpublished{ sandewall:1988a,
  author = {Erik Sandewall},
  title = {An Approach to Non-Monotonic Entailment},
  year = {1988},
  note = {Unpublished manuscript, Link\"oping Presentation},
  rtnote = {In RHT collection.  May be published in ISMIS 88.},
  topic = {nonmonotonic-logic;}
  }

@unpublished{ sandewall:1988b,
  author = {Eric Sandewall},
  title = {The Semantics of Non-Monotonic Entailment Defined
  	Using Partial Interpretations},
  year = {1988},
  note = {Unpublished manuscript, Link\"oping University.},
  rtnote = {In RHT collection.},
  topic = {inheritance-theory;nonmonotonic-logic;}
  }

@inproceedings{ sandewall:1989a,
  author = {Erik Sandewall},
  title = {Filter Preferential Entailment for the Logic of Action in
  	Almost Continuous Worlds},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Eleventh International Joint
  	Conference on Artificial Intelligence},
  year = {1989},
  editor = {N.S. Sridharan},
  publisher = {Morgan Kaufmann},
  address = {San Mateo, California},
  missinginfo = {pages},
  contentnote = {Introduces occlusion.},
  topic = {causality;action-effects;action-formalisms;dynamic-systems;
  	reasoning-about-continuous-time;continuous-change;}
  }

@incollection{ sandewall:1989b,
  author = {Erik Sandewall},
  title = {Combining Logic and Differential Equations for Describing
  	Real-World Systems},
  booktitle = {{KR}'89: Principles of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning},
  publisher = {Morgan Kaufmann},
  year = {1989},
  editor = {Ronald J. Brachman and Hector J. Levesque and Raymond Reiter},
  pages = {412--420},
  address = {San Mateo, California},
  topic = {kr;nonmonotonic-reasoning;temporal-reasoning;
  	reasoning-about-physical-systems;kr-course;}
  }

@article{ sandewall:1991a,
  author = {Erik Sandewall},
  title = {Towards a Logic of Dynamic Frames},
  journal = {International Journal of Expert Systems},
  year = {1991},
  volume = {3},
  number = {4},
  pages = {355--370},
  rtnote = {In RHT collection.  Read This.},
  contentnote = {An approach to frame-based temporal reasoning.},
  topic = {kr;temporal-reasoning;dynamic-systems;frames;kr-course;}
  }

@inproceedings{ sandewall:1993a,
  author = {Erik Sandewall},
  title = {The Range of Applicability of Nonmonotonic Logics for the
  	Inertia Problem},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Thirteenth International Joint
  	Conference on Artificial Intelligence},
  year = {1993},
  editor = {Ruzena Bajcsy},
  pages = {738--743},
  publisher = {Morgan Kaufmann},
  address = {San Mateo, California},
  rtnote = {In RHT collection.},
  topic = {nonmonotonic-logic;frame-problem;}
  }

@book{ sandewall:1994a,
  author = {Erik Sandewall},
  title = {Features and Fluents: A Systematic Approach to the
  	Representation of Knowledge about Dynamical Systems},
  publisher = {Oxford University Press},
  year = {1994},
  address = {Oxford},
  rtnote = {In RHT collection.  AI Shelves.},
  topic = {temporal-reasoning;dynamic-systems;causality;action-effects;
  	action-formalisms;qualitative-physics;}
 }

@unpublished{ sandewall:1996a1,
  author = {Erik Sandewall},
  title = {Assessments of Ramification Methods that Use
  	Static Domain Constraints},
  year = {1996},
  note = {http://www.ep.liu.se/ea/cis/1996/003.},
  rtnote = {In RHT collection.},
  xref = {Conference publication: sandewall:1996a2.},
  topic = {kr;ramification-problem;causality;kr-course;}
  }

@incollection{ sandewall:1996a2,
  author = {Erik Sandewall},
  title = {Comparative Assessments of Ramification Methods that Use
  	Static Domain Constraints},
  booktitle = {{KR}'96: Principles of Knowledge Representation and
  	Reasoning},
  publisher = {Morgan Kaufmann},
  year = {1996},
  editor = {Luigia Carlucci Aiello and Jon Doyle and Stuart Shapiro},
  pages = {99--110},
  address = {San Francisco, California},
  topic = {kr;ramification-problem;causality;kr-course;}
  }

@incollection{ sandewall:1997a,
  author = {Erik Sandewall},
  title = {Underlying Semantics for Action and Change
         with Ramification},
  booktitle = {Spatial and Temporal Reasoning},
  publisher = {Kluwer Academic Publishers},
  year = {1997},
  editor = {Oliviero Stock},
  pages = {289--318 },
  address = {Dordrecht},
  topic = {action-formalisms;temporal-reasoning;ramification-problem;}
  }

@incollection{ sandewall:1998a,
  author = {Erik Sandewall},
  title = {Logic Based Modelling of Goal-Directed Behavior},
  booktitle = {{KR}'98: Principles of Knowledge Representation and
  	Reasoning},
  publisher = {Morgan Kaufmann},
  year = {1998},
  editor = {Anthony G. Cohn and Lenhart Schubert and Stuart C.
		Shapiro},
  pages = {304--315},
  address = {San Francisco, California},
  topic = {kr;practical-reasoning;action-formalisms;kr-course;}
  }

@article{ sandewall:1998b,
  author = {Erik Sandewall},
  title = {Cognitive Robotics Logic and Its Metatheory:  Features
  		and Fluents Revisited},
  journal = {Electronic Transactions on {A}rtificial {I}ntelligence},
  year = {1998},
  volume = {2},
  pages = {307--329},
  missinginfo = {URL},
  topic = {temporal-reasoning;dynamic-systems;causality;action-effects;
  	action-formalisms;qualitative-physics;cognitive-robotics;concurrence;}
  }

@incollection{ sandewall:2000a,
  author = {Erik Sandewall},
  title = {On the Methodology of Research in Knowledge
  	Representation and Common-Sense Reasoning},
  booktitle = {Logic-Based Artificial Intelligence},
  publisher = {Kluwer Academic Publishers},
  year = {2000},
  editor = {Jack Minker},
  address = {Dordrecht},
  note = {Forthcoming.},
  rtnote = {Marked up draft copy in RT files.  TB removed.},
  topic = {logic-in-AI;logic-in-AI-survey;common-sense-logicism;
  	common-sense-reasoning;}
  }

@article{ sandewall:2000b,
  author = {Erik Sandewall},
  title = {Review of \emph{{S}olving the Frame Problem}, by
  	{M}urray {S}hanahan},
  journal = {Artificial Intelligence},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {123},
  number = {1--2},
  pages = {271--273},
  xref = {Review of: shanahan:1997a.  Response: shanahan:2000a.},
  topic = {kr;temporal-reasoning;frame-problem;krcourse;}
  }

@unpublished{ sandewall:2003a,
  author = {Erik Sandewall},
  title = {Use of Cognitive Robotics Logic in a Double Helix
  		Architecture for Autonomous Systems},
  year = {2003},
  note = {Unpublished manuscript, Link\"oping University.},
  URL = {http://www.ida.liu.se/ext/casl/kr/dha/page.html.},
  rtnote = {In RHT collection.},
  missinginfo = {Date is a guess.},
  topic = {cognitive-robotics;action-formalisms;}
  }

@article{ sandewall:2008a,
  author = {Erik Sandewall},
  title = {A Review of {T}he {H}andbook of {K}nowledge {R}epresentation},
  journal = {Artificial Intelligence},
  year = {2008},
  volume = {172},
  number = {18},
  pages = {1965--1966},
  xref = {Review of: vonharmelen-etal:2008a.},
  topic = {kr;}
  }

@inproceedings{ sandewall-ronnquist:1986a,
  author = {Erik Sandewall and E. R\"onnquist},
  title = {A Representation of Action Structures},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Fifth National Conference on
              Artificial Intelligence},
  year = {1986},
  pages = {89--97},
  organization = {American Association for Artificial Intelligence},
  publisher = {AAAI Press},
  address = {Menlo Park, California},
  missinginfo = {editors, checkpub},
  topic = {action;}
  }

@incollection{ sandewall-shoham:1991a,
  author = {Eric Sandewall and Yoav Shoham},
  title = {Non-Monotonic Temporal Reasoning},
  booktitle = {Handbook of Logic in Artificial Intelligence
   	         and Logic Programming, Volume 4: Epistemic
		 and Temporal Logics},
  publisher = {Oxford University Press},
  year = {1994},
  editor = {Dov Gabbay and Christopher Hogger and  J.A. Robinson},
  pages = {439--498},
  address = {Oxford},
  topic = {temporal-reasoning;}
  }

@article{ sandholm:2002a,
  author = {Tuomas W. Sandholm},
  title = {Algorithm for Optimal Winner Determination in Combinatorial
  	Auctions},
  journal = {Artificial Intelligence},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {135},
  number = {1--2},
  pages = {1--54},
  topic = {multiagent-systems;computational-bargaining;auction-protocols;}
  }

@article{ sandholm:2007a,
  author = {Tuomas Sandholm},
  title = {Perspectives on Multiagent Learning},
  journal = {Artificial Intelligence},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {171},
  number = {7},
  pages = {382--391},
  topic = {multiagent-learning;reinforcement-learning;}
  }

@article{ sandholm-etal:1999a,
  author = {Tuomas W. Sandholm and Kate Larson and Martin
  	Andersson and Onn Shehory and Fernando Tohm\'e},
  title = {Coalition Structure Generation with Worst Case Guarantees},
  journal = {Artificial Intelligence},
  year = {1999},
  volume = {111},
  number = {1--2},
  pages = {209--238},
  topic = {cooperation;multi-agent-systems;artificial-societies;}
  }

@article{ sandholm-lesser:1997a,
  author = {Tuomas W. Sandholm and Victor R. Lesser},
  title = {Coalitions Among Computationally Bounded Agents},
  journal = {Artificial Intelligence},
  year = {1997},
  volume = {94},
  number = {1--2},
  pages = {99--137},
  topic = {distributed-ai;distributed-systems;negotiation;
  	resource-limited-reasoning;limited-rationality;
	artificial-societies;}
  }

@article{ sandholm-lesser:2002a,
  author = {Tuomas W. Sandholm and Victor Lesser},
  title = {Leveled-Commitment Contracting: A Backtracking Instrument
  	for Multiagent Systems},
  journal = {The {AI} Magazine},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {23},
  number = {3},
  pages = {89--100},
  topic = {multiagent-systems;}
  }

@article{ sandholm-suri:2003a,
  author = {Tuomas W. Sandholm and Subash Suri},
  title = {{BOB}: Improved Winner Determination in Combinatorial
  	Auctions and Generalizations},
  journal = {Artificial Intelligence},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {145},
  number = {1--2},
  pages = {33--58},
  topic = {auction-protocols;computational-bargaining;}
  }

@article{ sandholm-zhou_yh:2002a,
  author = {Tuomas W. Sandholm and Yunhong Zhou},
  title = {Surplus Equivalence of Leveled Commitment Contracts},
  journal = {Artificial Intelligence},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {142},
  number = {2},
  pages = {239--264},
  topic = {multiagent-systems;automated-negotiation;
  	computational-bargaining;}
  }

@incollection{ sandhu-aho_t:2009a,
  author = {Gabriel Sandhu and Tuomo Aho},
  title = {Logic and Semantics in the Twentieth Century},
  booktitle = {The Development of Modern Logic},
  publisher = {Oxford University Press},
  year = {2009},
  editor = {Leila Haaparanta},
  pages = {562--612},
  address = {Oxford},
  topic = {history-of-logichistory-of-semantics;}
  }

@incollection{ sandhu-aho_t:2009b,
  author = {Gabriel Sandhu and Tuomo Aho},
  title = {Logic and Linguistics in the Twentieth Century},
  booktitle = {The Development of Modern Logic},
  publisher = {Oxford University Press},
  year = {2009},
  editor = {Leila Haaparanta},
  pages = {775--847},
  address = {Oxford},
  topic = {history-of-logic;history-of-linguistics;nl-semantics;}
  }

@article{ sandqvist:2003a,
  author = {Tor Sandqvist},
  title = {Circularities in the Analysis of Conditionals},
  journal = {Studia Logica},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {75},
  number = {2},
  pages = {281--298},
  topic = {conditionals;}
  }

@article{ sandu:1993a,
  author = {Gabriel Sandu},
  title = {On the Logic of Informational Independence and Its
		Applications},
  journal = {Journal of Philosophical Logic},
  year = {1993},
  volume = {22},
  number = {1},
  pages = {29--60},
  topic = {game-theoretic-semantics;epistemic-logic;}
  }

@article{ sandu:1997a,
  author = {Gabriel Sandu},
  title = {On the Theory of Anaphora: Dynamic Predicate Logic vs.
  	Game-Theoretical Semantics},
  journal = {Linguistics and Philosophy},
  year = {1997},
  volume = {20},
  number = {2},
  pages = {147--174},
  topic = {anaphora;dynamic-semantics;}
  }

@article{ sandu:1998a,
  author = {Gabriel Sandu},
  title = {Partially Interpreted Relations and Partially
  	Interpreted Quantifiers},
  journal = {Journal of Philosophical Logic},
  year = {1998},
  volume = {27},
  number = {6},
  pages = {587--601},
  topic = {partial-logic;quantifiers;}
  }

@article{ sandu-hintikka:2001a,
  author = {Gabriel Sandu and Jaakko Hintikka},
  title = {Aspects of Compositionality},
  journal = {Journal of Logic, Language, and Information},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {10},
  number = {1},
  pages = {49--61},
  topic = {compositionality;game-theoretic-semantics;}
  }

@incollection{ sanfilippo:1993a,
  author = {Antonio Sanfilippo},
  title = {{LKB} Encoding of Lexical Knowledge},
  booktitle = {Inheritance, Defaults, and the Lexicon},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
  year = {1993},
  editor = {Ted Briscoe and Ann Copestake and Valeria de Paiva},
  address = {Cambridge, England},
  missinginfo = {pages},
  topic = {computational-lexicography;}
  }

@incollection{ sanfilippo:1997a,
  author = {Antonio Sanfilippo},
  title = {Using Semantic Similarity to Acquire
    		Co-Occurrence Restrictions from Corpora},
  booktitle = {Automatic Information Extraction and Building of
  	Lexical Semantic Resources for {NLP} Applications},
  publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
  year = {1997},
  editor = {Piek Vossen and Geert Adriaens and Nicoletta Calzolari
  	and Antonio Sanfilippo and Yorick Wilks},
  pages = {82--89},
  address = {New Brunswick, New Jersey},
  topic = {coocurrence-restrictions;corpus-linguistics;}
  }

@article{ sanford_aj-etal:1994a,
  author = {Anthony J. Sanford Linda M. Moxey and Kevin Patterson},
  title = {Psychological Studies of Quantifiers},
  journal = {Journal of Semantics},
  year = {1994},
  volume = {11},
  number = {2},
  pages = {153--170},
  rtnote = {In RHT collection.},
  topic = {semantic-processing;nl-quantifier-scope;nl-quantifiers;}
  }

@article{ sanford_dh:1959a,
  author = {David H. Sanford},
  title = {Disjunctive Predicates},
  journal = {American Philosophical Quarterly},
  year = {1959},
  volume = {7},
  number = {2},
  pages = {162--170},
  topic = {disjunctive-properties;}
  }

@unpublished{ sanford_dh:1974a,
  author = {David H. Sanford},
  title = {Borderline Logic},
  year = {1974},
  note = {Unpublished manuscript.},
  rtnote = {In RHT collection.},
  missinginfo = {Date is a guess.},
  topic = {vagueness;multivalued-logic;}
  }

@article{ sanford_dh:1974b,
  author = {David H. Sanford},
  title = {Classical Logic and Inexact Predicates},
  journal = {Mind, New Series},
  year = {1974},
  volume = {83},
  number = {329},
  pages = {112--113},
  topic = {vagueness;}
  }

@article{ sanford_dh:1976a,
  author = {David Sanford},
  title = {Competing Semantics of Vagueness: Many Values vs.
  	Super-Truth},
  journal = {Synt\`hese},
  year = {1976},
  volume = {33},
  pages = {195--210},
  topic = {vagueness;}
  }

@article{ sanford_dh:1979a,
  author = {David H. Sanford},
  title = {Nostalgia for the Ordinary: Comments on Papers by {U}nger
  	and {W}heeler},
  journal = {Synth\'ese},
  year = {1979},
  volume = {41},
  pages = {171--184},
  missinginfo = {number},
  rtnote = {In RHT collection.},
  topic = {skepticism;epistemology;vagueness;}
  }

@incollection{ sanford_dh:1984a,
  author = {David H. Sanford},
  title = {The Direction of Causation and the Direction of Time},
  booktitle = {Causation and Causal Theories},
  publisher = {University of Minnesota Press},
  year = {1984},
  editor = {Peter A. French and Theodore E. Uehling, Jr. and Howard
  	K. Wettstein},
  pages = {53--75},
  address = {Minneapolis},
  topic = {causality;temporal-direction;}
  }

@book{ sanford_dh:1989a,
  author = {David H. Sanford},
  title = {If $P$ then $Q$: Conditionals and the Foundations
  	of Reasoning},
  publisher = {Routledge},
  year = {1989},
  address = {London},
  xref = {Reviews: bochman:1998a,stalnaker:1992a},
  topic = {conditionals;}
 }

@book{ sanford_dh:1992a,
  author = {David Sanford},
  title = {If {P} then {Q}},
  publisher = {Routledge},
  year = {1992},
  address = {London},
  topic = {conditionals;}
 }

@incollection{ sang:2000a,
  author = {Erik Tjong Kim Sang},
  title = {Text Chunking by System Combination},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Fourth Conference on Computational
  	Natural Language Learning and of the Second Learning Language
	in Logic Workshop, {L}isbon, 2000},
  publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
  year = {2000},
  editor = {Claire Cardie and Walter Daelemans and Claire N\'edellec
  	and Erik Tjong Kim Sang},
  pages = {151--153},
  address = {Somerset, New Jersey},
  topic = {machine-language-learning;text-chunking;}
  }

@incollection{ sang-buchholz:2000a,
  author = {Erik Tjong Kim Sang and Sabine Buchholz},
  title = {Introduction to the {CoNLL-200} Shared Task: Chunking},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Fourth Conference on Computational
  	Natural Language Learning and of the Second Learning Language
	in Logic Workshop, {L}isbon, 2000},
  publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
  year = {2000},
  editor = {Claire Cardie and Walter Daelemans and Claire N\'edellec
  	and Erik Tjong Kim Sang},
  pages = {127--132},
  address = {Somerset, New Jersey},
  topic = {machine-language-learning;text-chunking;}
  }

@book{ sangalli:2009a,
  author = {Arturo Sangalli},
  title = {Pythatoras' Revenge:  A Mathematical Mystery},
  publisher = {Princeton University Press},
  year = {2009},
  address = {Princeton, New Jersey},
  ISBN = {978-0-691-13889-3},
  topic = {history-of-mathematics;}
 }

@inproceedings{ sankoff:1998a,
  author = {David Sankoff},
  title = {The Production of Code-Mixed Discourse},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Thirty-Sixth Annual Meeting of the
		{A}ssociation for {C}omputational {L}inguistics and
		Seventeenth International Conference on
		Computational Linguistics},
  year = {1998},
  editor = {Christian Boitet and Pete Whitelock},
  pages = {8--21},
  organization = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
  publisher = {Morgan Kaufmann Publishers},
  address = {San Francisco, California},
  topic = {code-switching;}
 }

@article{ sanner-boutilier:2009a,
  author = {Scott Sanner and Craig Boutilier},
  title = {Practical solution techniques for first-order {MDP}s},
  journal = {Artificial Intelligence},
  year = {2009},
  volume = {173},
  number = {5--6},
  pages = {748--788},
  topic = {planning;Markov-decision-processes;}
  }

@incollection{ sanner-mcilraith:2006a,
  author = {Scott Sanner and Sheila A. McIlraith},
  title = {An Ordered Theory Resolution Calculus for Hybrid Reasoning
  		in First-Order Extensions of Description Logic},
  booktitle = {{KR}2006: Proceedings, Tenth International Conference on
      Principles of  Knowledge Representation and Reasoning},
  publisher = {AAAI Press},
  year = {2006},
  editor = {Patrick Doherty and John Mylopoulos and Christopher A. Welty},
  pages = {100--110},
  address = {Menlo Park, California},
  topic = {description-logics;hybrid-kr-architectures;resolution;
  		first-order-logic;theorem-proving;}
  }

@article{ sano:2009a,
  author = {Katsukiko Sano},
  title = {Hybrid Counterfactual Logics},
  journal = {Journal of Logic, Language, and Information},
  year = {2009},
  volume = {18},
  number = {4},
  pages = {515--539},
  topic = {conditionals;hybrid-modal-logics;}
  }

@article{ santamaria-etal:2003a,
  author = {Celina Santamaria and Julio Gonzalo and Felisa Verdejo},
  title = {Automatic Association of Web Directories with Word Senses},
  journal = {Computational Linguistics},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {28},
  number = {3},
  pages = {485--502},
  topic = {internet-based-nlp;corpus-linguistics;WordNet;
  	information-retrieval;}
  }

@article{ santambrogio:2002a,
  author = {Marco Santambrogio},
  title = {Belief and Translation},
  journal = {The Journal of Philosophy},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {99},
  number = {12},
  pages = {624--647},
  topic = {belief;propositional-attitudes;indirect-discoure;}
  }

@article{ santas:1964a,
  author = {Gerasimos Santas},
  title = {The {S}ocratic Paradoxes},
  journal = {Philosophical Review},
  year = {1964},
  volume = {73},
  number = {73},
  pages = {147--164},
  rtnote = {In RHT collection.},
  topic = {ancient-philosophy;Plato;}
  }

@unpublished{ santini:1971a,
  author = {Ugo Santini},
  title = {Some Extensions of {C}ooper Grammar},
  year = {1971},
  note = {Unpublished manuscript, Universit\'a degli Studi
  	di Genova.},
  rtnote = {In RHT collection.},
  topic = {Montague-grammar;}
  }

@book{ santorini:1990a,
  author = {Beatrice Santorini},
  title = {Part-of-Speech Tagging Guidelines for the {P}enn Treebank
  	Project},
  publisher = {University of Pennsylvania, School of Engineering
  and Applied Science, Dept. of Computer and Information Science, [},
  year = {1990},
  address = {Philadelphia},
  ISBN = {0582291496},
  rtnote = {UMich Graduate Library, 820 C738.},
  topic = {corpus-annotation;}
 }

@article{ santos_e-santos_es:1996a,
  author = {Eugene {Santos, Jr.} and Eugene S. Santos},
  title = {Polynomial Solvability of Cost-Based Abduction},
  journal = {Artificial Intelligence},
  year = {1996},
  volume = {86},
  number = {1},
  pages = {157--170},
  topic = {abduction;complexity-in-AI;kr-complexity-analysis;
  	polynomial-algorithms;}
  }

@incollection{ santos_mv-santos_pe:2003a,
  author = {Marcus V. Santos and Paulo E. Santos},
  title = {Sensor Data Assimilation as Database Transactions},
  booktitle = {Working Papers of the 2003 {AAAI} Spring Symposium on
  	Logical Formalization of Commonsense Reasoning},
  publisher = {AAAI Press},
  year = {2003},
  editor = {Patrick Doherty and John McCarthy and Mary-Anne Williams},
  pages = {125--130},
  address = {Menlo Park, California},
  topic = {scene-reconstruction;}
  }

@article{ sapire:1991a,
  author = {David Sapire},
  title = {General Causation},
  journal = {Synth\'ese},
  year = {1991},
  volume = {86},
  number = {3},
  pages = {321--347},
  rtnote = {Looks like a useful gen ref, discusses many phil
  	views.},
  topic = {causality;(in)determinism;}
  }

@book{ saraswat-ueda:1991a,
  editor = {Vijay Saraswat and Kazunori Ueda},
  title = {Logic Programming: Proceedings of the 1991 International
  	Symposium},
  publisher = {The {MIT} Press},
  year = {1991},
  address = {Cambridge, Massachusetts},
  ISBN = {0262691477},
  rtnote = {UMich Media Union Library, QA 76.63 .L6351 1991.},
  topic = {logic-programming;}
 }

@book{ saraswat-vanhentenryk:1995a,
  editor = {Vijay Saraswat and Pascal {van Hentenryk}},
  title = {Principles and Practice of Constraint Programming},
  publisher = {The {MIT} Press},
  year = {1995},
  address = {Cambridge, Massachusetts},
  topic = {constraint-programming;}
 }

@incollection{ sardina-etal:2006a,
  author = {Sebastian Sardina and Giuseppe De Giacomo and Yves
    		Lesp\'erance and Hector J. Levesque},
  title = {On the Limits of Planning over Belief States under Strict
		Uncertainty},
  booktitle = {{KR}2006: Proceedings, Tenth International Conference on
      Principles of  Knowledge Representation and Reasoning},
  publisher = {AAAI Press},
  year = {2006},
  editor = {Patrick Doherty and John Mylopoulos and Christopher A. Welty},
  pages = {463--471},
  address = {Menlo Park, California},
  topic = {planning-algoriuthms;uncertainty;}
  }

@article{ sardinha:2006a,
  author = {Tony Berber Sardinha},
  title = {Review of \emph{Building Coherence and Cohesion:
  		Task-Based Dialogue in {S}panish and {E}nglish},
		by {M}aria {T}eresa {T}aboada},
  journal = {Computational Linguistics},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {32},
  number = {2},
  pages = {287--289},
  topic = {dialogue-corpora;coherence;}
  }

@article{ sarkar-etal:1991a,
  author = {U.K. Sarkar and P.P. Chakrabarti and S. Ghose and S.C. De
  	Sarkar},
  title = {Reducing Reexpansions in Iterative-Deepening Search by
  	Controlling Cutoff Bounds},
  journal = {Artificial Intelligence},
  year = {2991},
  volume = {50},
  number = {2},
  pages = {207--221},
  topic = {search;}
  }

@article{ sarne-kraus_s:2008a,
  author = {David Sarne and Sarit Kraus},
  title = {Managing Parallel Inquiries in Agents' Two-Sided Search},
  journal = {Artificial Intelligence},
  year = {2008},
  volume = {172},
  number = {4--5},
  pages = {541--569},
  topic = {multiagent-systems;coalition-formation;}
  }

@book{ sartre:1946a,
  author = {Jean Paul Sartre},
  title = {L'Existentialisme est un Humanisme},
  publisher = {Nagel},
  year = {1946},
  note = {Translated as ``Existentialism is a Humanism'' in {\em
    	    Existentialism from Dostoevsky to Sartre}, W. Kaufmann (ed.),
            Meridian Press, 1975},
  topic = {existentialism;}
    }

@inproceedings{ sasaki_y:2005a,
  author = {Yutaka Sasaki},
  title = {Question Answering as Question-Biased Term Extraction: A
  		New Approach toward Multilingual {QA}},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 43rd Annual Meeting of the
  		Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL'05)},
  month = {June},
  year = {2005},
  address = {Ann Arbor, Michigan},
  publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
  pages = {215--222},
  url = {http://www.aclweb.org/anthology/P/P05/P05-1027},
  topic = {multilingual-nlp;question-answering;}
  }

@incollection{ sato:1991a,
  author = {Masahiko Sato},
  title = {An Abstraction Mechanism for Symbolic Expressions},
  booktitle = {Artificial Intelligence and Mathematical Theory of
  	Computation},
  publisher = {Academic Press},
  year = {1991},
  editor = {Vladimir Lifschitz},
  pages = {381--391},
  address = {San Diego},
  topic = {variable-binding;}
  }

@article{ sato:1995a,
  author = {Satoshi Sato},
  title = {{MBT2}: A Method for Combining Fragments of Examples in
  	Example-Based Translation},
  journal = {Artificial Intelligence},
  year = {1995},
  volume = {75},
  number = {1},
  pages = {31--50},
  acontentnote = {Abstract:
     Example-Based Translation is a new approach to machine
     translation.  The basic idea of this approach is very simple: it
     is to translate a sentence by using translation examples of
     similar sentences.  One of the major issues of Example-Based
     Translation is to study the utilization of more than one
     translation example when translating one source sentence.
      This paper proposes MBT2, which is a method of translating
     complete sentences by using multiple examples.  The
     representation, matching expression, is introduced, which
     represents the combination of fragments of translation examples.
     The translation process of MBT2 consists of three stages: (1)
     Making a source-matching expression from a source sentence. (2)
     Transferring a source-matching expression into a target-matching
     expression. (3) Constructing a target sentence from a
     target-matching expression.  This mechanism generates several
     translation candidates and the score of a translation is defined
     to select the best translation out of them.  },
  topic = {case-based-reasoning;machine-translation;}
  }

@article{ satta:1998a,
  author = {Giorgio Satta},
  title = {Review of \emph{{P}arsing with Principles and
  	Classes of Information}, by {P}aola {M}erlo},
  journal = {Computational Linguistics},
  year = {1998},
  volume = {24},
  number = {1},
  pages = {167--172},
  xref = {Review of merlo:1996a.},
  topic = {principle-based-parsing;}
  }

@inproceedings{ satta-brill_e:1996a,
  author = {Giorgio Satta and Eric Brill},
  title = {Efficient Transformation-Based Parsing},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Thirty-Fourth Annual Meeting of the
  	Association for Computational Linguistics},
  year = {1996},
  editor = {Arivind Joshi and Martha Palmer},
  pages = {255--262},
  organization = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
  publisher = {Morgan Kaufmann Publishers},
  address = {San Francisco},
  rtnote = {In RHT collection.},
  topic = {parsing-algorithms;}
 }

@inproceedings{ satta-henderson_jc:1997a,
  author = {Giorgio Satta and John C. Henderson},
  title = {String Transformation Learning},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Thirty-Fifth Annual Meeting of the
		{A}ssociation for {C}omputational {L}inguistics and Eighth
		Conference of the {E}uropean Chapter of the {A}ssociation
		for {C}omputational {L}inguistics},
  year = {1997},
  editor = {Philip R. Cohen and Wolfgang Wahlster},
  pages = {444--451},
  organization = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
  publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
  address = {Somerset, New Jersey},
  topic = {machine-language-learning;}
 }

@article{ satta-stock:1994a,
  author = {Giorgio Satta and Oliviero Stock},
  title = {Bidirectional Context-Free Grammar Parsing for Natural
  	Language Processing},
  journal = {Artificial Intelligence},
  year = {1994},
  volume = {69},
  number = {1--2},
  pages = {123--164},
  acontentnote = {Abstract:
     While natural language is usually analyzed from left to right,
     bidirectional parsing is very attractive for both theoretical
     and practical reasons.  In this paper, we describe a formal
     framework for bidirectional tabular parsing of general
     context-free languages, and some applications to natural
     language processing are studied.  The framework is general and
     permits a comparison between known approaches and the algorithms
     outlined here.  A detailed analysis of the redundancy problem is
     given and a technique for improving the performance of
     bidirectional tabular parsers, whilst maintaining the
     flexibility of bidirectional strategies, is described.  An
     algorithm for head-driven parsing and a general algorithm for
     island-driven parsing are studied.  The former allows analyses of
     each constituent to be triggered by some fixed immediately
     dominated element, chosen on the basis of its information
     content.  The latter permits analyses to start from any
     dynamically chosen positions within the input sentence,
     combining bottom-up and top-down processing without redundancy. },
  topic = {bidirectional-parsing;parsing-algorithms;}
  }

@incollection{ sattler-etal:2003a,
  author = {Ulrike Sattler and Diego Calvanese and Ralf Molitor},
  title = {Relationships with Other Formalisms},
  booktitle = {The Description Logic Handbook:  Theory, Implementation
  		and Applications},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
  year = {2003},
  editor = {Franz Baader and Diego Calvanese and Deborah L. McGuinness
  		and Daniele Nardi and Peter Patel-Schneider},
  pages = {137--177},
  address = {Cambridge, England},
  topic = {description-logics;kr;semantic-nets;conceptual-graphs;}
  }

@inproceedings{ sauerland:2000a,
  author = {Uli Sauerland},
  title = {The Content of Pronouns: Evidence from Focus},
  booktitle = {Proceedings from Semantics and Linguistic Theory {X}},
  publisher = {Cornell University},
  year = {2000},
  editor = {Brendan Jackson and Tanya Matthews},
  pages = {167--184},
  address = {Ithaca, New York},
  topic = {nl-semantics;sentence-focus;pronouns;}
  }

@inproceedings{ sauerland:2001a,
  author = {Uli Sauerland},
  title = {On the Computation of Conversational Implicatures},
  booktitle = {Proceedings from Semantics and Linguistic Theory {XI}},
  publisher = {Cornell University},
  year = {2001},
  editor = {Rachel Hastings and Brendan Jackson and Zsofia Zvolenszky},
  pages = {388--403},
  address = {Ithaca, New York},
  topic = {nl-semantics;implicature;}
  }

@article{ sauerland:2003a,
  author = {Uli Sauerland},
  title = {The Interpretation of Traces},
  journal = {Natural Language Semantics},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {12},
  number = {1},
  pages = {63--127},
  topic = {traces;}
  }

@article{ sauerland:2004a,
  author = {Uli Sauerland},
  title = {Scalar Implicatures in Complex Sentences},
  journal = {Linguistics and Philosophy},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {27},
  number = {3},
  pages = {363--391},
  topic = {implicature;}
  }

@article{ saul_jm:1993a,
  author = {Jennifer M. Saul},
  title = {Still an Attitude Problem},
  journal = {Linguistics and Philosophy},
  year = {1993},
  volume = {16},
  number = {4},
  pages = {423--435},
  topic = {propositional-attitudes;context;}
  }

@unpublished{ saul_jm:1999a,
  author = {Jennifer Saul},
  title = {Speaker Meaning, What is Said, and
  	What is Implicated},
  year = {1999},
  note = {Unpublished manuscript, University of Sheffield},
  rtnote = {In RHT collection.},
  topic = {speaker-meaning;implicature;}
  }

@article{ saul_jm:2001a,
  author = {Jennifer M. Saul},
  title = {Review of \emph{{I}mplicature}, by {W}ayne {A}. {D}avis},
  journal = {No\^us},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {35},
  number = {4},
  pages = {630--641},
  xref = {Review: davis_wa:1998a},
  rtnote = {In RHT collection.},
  topic = {implicature;Grice;}
  }

@article{ saul_jm:2002a,
  author = {Jennifer M. Saul},
  title = {Speaker Meaning, What is Said, and What is Implicated},
  journal = {No\^us},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {36},
  number = {2},
  pages = {228--248},
  rtnote = {In RHT collection.},
  topic = {speaker-meaning;implicature;}
  }

@incollection{ saul_l-pereira_f:1997a,
  author = {Lawrence Saul and Fernando Pereira},
  title = {Aggregate and Mixed-Order {M}arkov Models for Statistical
  	Language Processing},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Second Conference on Empirical
		Methods in Natural Language Processing},
  publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
  year = {1997},
  editor = {Claire Cardie and Ralph Weischedel},
  pages = {81--89},
  address = {Somerset, New Jersey},
  topic = {empirical-methods-in-nlp;corpus-statistics;
		n-gram-models;word-sequence-probabilities;}
  }

@article{ saund:1992a,
  author = {Eric Saund},
  title = {Putting Knowledge into a Visual Shape Representation},
  journal = {Artificial Intelligence},
  year = {1992},
  volume = {54},
  number = {1--2},
  pages = {71--119},
  acontentnote = {Abstract:
     This paper shows how a representation for visual shape can be
     formulated to employ knowledge about the geometrical structures
     common within specific shape domains.  In order to support a wide
     variety of later visual processing tasks, we seek
     representations making explicit many geometric properties and
     spatial relationships redundantly and at many levels of
     abstraction.  We offer two specific computational tools: (1) By
     maintaining shape tokens on a Scale-Space Blackboard,
     information about the relative locations and sizes of shape
     fragments such as contours and regions can be manipulated
     symbolically, while the pictorial organization inherent to a
     shape's spatial geometry is preserved. (2) Through the device of
     dimensionality-reduction, configurations of shape tokens can be
     interpreted in terms of their membership within deformation
     classes; this provides leverage in distinguishing shapes on the
     basis of subtle variations reflecting deformations in their
     forms.  Using these tools, knowledge in a shape representation
     resides in a vocabulary of shape descriptors naming
     constellations of shape tokens in the Scale-Space Blackboard.
     The approach is illustrated through a computer implementation of
     a hierarchical shape vocabulary designed to offer flexibility in
     supporting important aspects of shape recognition and shape
     comparison in the two-dimensional shape domain of the dorsal
     fins of fishes.  },
  topic = {visual-reasoning;shape-recognition;}
  }

@article{ saunders:1958a,
  author = {John Turk Saunders},
  title = {A Sea Fight Tomorrow},
  journal = {Philosophical Review},
  year = {19},
  volume = {67},
  pages = {367--378},
  missinginfo = {number},
  topic = {Aristotle;future-contingent-propositions;}
  }

@incollection{ saunders:2000a,
  author = {Simon Saunders},
  title = {Tense and Indeterminateness},
  booktitle = {{PSA}'1998: Proceedings of the 1998 Biennial Meetings
  	of the Philosophy of Science Association, Part {II}:
	Symposium Papers},
  publisher = {Philosophy of Science Association},
  year = {2000},
  editor = {Don A. Howard},
  pages = {S600--S611},
  address = {Newark, Delaware},
  topic = {(in)determinism;quantum-mechanics;tmix-project;}
  }

@book{ saurer:1984a,
  author = {Werner Saurer},
  title = {A Formal Semantics of Tense, Aspect, and {A}ktionsarten},
  publisher = {Indiana University Linguistics Club},
  year = {1984},
  address = {310 Lindley Hall, Bloomington, Indiana},
  rtnote = {In RHT collection.},
  topic = {nl-semantics;tense-aspect;}
 }

@unpublished{ saurer:1985a,
  author = {Werner Saurer},
  title = {Zeno's Arrow and Interval-Based Tense Logic},
  year = {1985},
  note = {Unpublished manuscript, State University of New York
  	at Albany},
  rtnote = {In RHT collection.},
  topic = {paradoxes-of-motion;temporal-logic;}
  }

@article{ saurer:1993a,
  author = {Werner Saurer},
  title = {A Natural Deduction System for Discourse Representation Theory},
  journal = {Journal of Philosophical Logic},
  year = {1993},
  volume = {22},
  number = {3},
  pages = {249--302},
  topic = {proof-theory;discourse-representation-theory;pragmatics;}
  }

@book{ savage_cw-anderson_ca:1989a,
  editor = {C. Wade Savage and C. Anthony Anderson},
  title = {Rereading {R}ussell, Essays in Bertrand Russell'S
  	Metaphysics and Epistemology},
  publisher = {University of Minnesota Press},
  year = {1989},
  address = {Minneapolis},
  ISBN = {0816616493},
  rtnote = {UMich Graduate Library, Q 175 .M67 v.12.},
  topic = {Russell;}
 }

@article{ savage_l:1951a,
  author = {Leonard Savage},
  title = {The Theory of Statistical Decision},
  journal = {Journal of American Statistics Association},
  volume = {46},
  year = {1951},
  pages = {55--67},
  topic = {statistics;decision-theory;foundations-of-utility;}
    }

@book{ savage_l:1972a,
  author = {Leonard Savage},
  title = {The Foundations of Statistics},
  publisher = {Dover},
  year = {1972},
  address = {New York},
  edition = {2},
  topic = {statistics;decision-theory;foundations-of-utility;}
 }

@incollection{ savan:1965a,
  author = {David Savan},
  title = {Socrates' Logic and the Unity of Wisdom and Temperance},
  booktitle = {Analytical Philosophy, Second Series},
  publisher = {Basil Blackwell},
  year = {1965},
  editor = {Ronald J. Butler},
  pages = {20--26},
  address = {Oxford},
  topic = {Plato;philosophical-psychology;}
  }

@article{ savelli:2006a,
  author = {Francesco Savelli},
  title = {Existential Assertions and Quantum Levels on the Tree of
  		the Situation Calculus},
  journal = {Artificial Intelligence},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {170},
  number = {2},
  pages = {643--652},
  topic = {situation-calculus;action-formalisms;}
  }

@book{ savitch:1986a,
  author = {Walter J. Savitch},
  title = {An Introduction to the Art and Science of Programming},
  publisher = {Benjamin/Cummings Pub. Co.},
  year = {1986},
  address = {Menlo Park, California},
  ISBN = {0805383840 (pbk.)},
  rtnote = {UMich MEDIA UNION LIBRARY, QA76.73.P2 S281 1986.},
  topic = {art-of-programming;structured-programming;}
 }

@incollection{ savitt:2000a,
  author = {Steven F. Savitt},
  title = {There's No Time Like the Present (in {M}inkowski
  	Space-Time},
  booktitle = {{PSA}'1998: Proceedings of the 1998 Biennial Meetings
  	of the Philosophy of Science Association, Part {II}:
	Symposium Papers},
  publisher = {Philosophy of Science Association},
  year = {2000},
  editor = {Don A. Howard},
  pages = {S563--S574},
  address = {Newark, Delaware},
  topic = {philosophy-of-physics;relativity-theory;}
  }

@incollection{ sawaragi-etal:1977a,
  author = {Y. Sawaragi and K. Inoue and H. Nakayama},
  title = {Multiobjective Decision Making with Applications to
  	Environmental and Urban Design},
  booktitle = {Conflicting Objectives in Decisions},
  publisher = {John Wiley and Sons},
  year = {1977},
  editor = {David E. Bell and Ralph L. Keeney and Howard Raiffa},
  pages = {358--388},
  address = {New York},
  rtnote = {An applied paper.},
  topic = {decision-analysis;multiattribute-utility;}
  }

@article{ say-akin:2003a,
  author = {A.C.M. Say and H. Levent Akin},
  title = {Sound and Complete Qualitative Simulation is Impossible},
  journal = {Artificial Intelligence},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {149},
  number = {2},
  pages = {251--266},
  topic = {qualitative-simulation;}
  }

@article{ say-kuru:1996a,
  author = {A.C. Cem Say and Selahattin Kuru},
  title = {Qualitative System Identification: Deriving Structure from
  	Behavior},
  journal = {Artificial Intelligence},
  year = {1996},
  volume = {83},
  number = {1},
  pages = {75--141},
  acontentnote = {Abstract:
     Qualitative reasoning programs (which perform simulation,
     comparative analysis, data interpretation, etc.) either take the
     model of the physical system to be considered as input, or
     compose it using a library of model fragments and input
     information about how to combine them.  System identification is
     the task of creating models of systems, using data about their
     behaviors.  We present the qualitative system identification
     algorithm QSI, which takes as input a set of qualitative
     behaviors of a physical system, and produces as output a
     constraint model of the system. QSI's output is guaranteed to
     produce its input when simulated. Furthermore, the QSI-made
     models usually contain meaningful ``deep'' parameters of the
     system which do not appear in the input behaviors. Various
     aspects of QSI and its applicability to diagnosis, as well as
     the model fragment formulation problem, are discussed.  },
  topic = {diagnosis;qualitative-reasoning;
  	qualitative-system-identification;system-modeling;}
  }

@article{ sayre:1963a,
  author = {Kenneth M. Sayre},
  title = {Review of \emph{{H}ow to Do Things With Words}},
  journal = {Philosophical Studies},
  year = {1963},
  volume = {41},
  pages = {179--187},
  missinginfo = {number},
  topic = {JL-Austin;speech-acts;pragmatics;}
  }

@book{ sayre:1997a,
  author = {Kenneth M. Sayre},
  title = {Belief and Knowledge: Mapping the Cognitive Landscape},
  publisher = {Rowman and Littlefield},
  year = {1997},
  address = {Lantham, Maryland},
  topic = {epistemology;propositional-attitudes;belief;}
 }

@incollection{ sayremccord:1989a,
  author = {Geoffrey Sayre-McCord},
  title = {Functional Explanations and Reasons as Causes},
  booktitle = {Philosophical Perspectives 3:
  	Philosophy of Mind and Action Theory},
  publisher = {Ridgeview Publishing Company},
  year = {1989},
  editor = {James E. Tomberlin},
  pages = {137--164},
  address = {Atasacadero, California},
  note = {Also available at http://www.jstor.org/journals/.},
  topic = {reasons-for-action;}
  }

@article{ sayward-durant:1967a,
  author = {Charles Sayward and Michael Durrant},
  title = {Austin on Whether Every Proposition Has a Contradictory},
  journal = {Analysis},
  year = {1967},
  volume = {27},
  pages = {167--170},
  missinginfo = {number},
  topic = {JL-Austin;}
  }

@incollection{ sbisa:1992a,
  author = {Marina Sbis\'a},
  title = {Speech Acts, Effects, and Responses},
  booktitle = {(On) {S}earle on Conversation},
  publisher = {John Benjamins Publishing Company},
  year = {1992},
  editor = {Herman Parret and Jef Verschueren},
  pages = {100--111},
  address = {Amsterdam},
  rtnote = {In RHT collection.},
  topic = {foundations-of-pragmatics;discourse-analysis;pragmatics;}
 }

@incollection{ sbisa:1999a,
  author = {Marina Sbis\'a},
  title = {Presupposition, Implicature and
			Context in Text Understanding},
  booktitle = {Modeling and Using Contexts: Proceedings of
	the Second International and Interdisciplinary
	Conference, {CONTEXT}'99},
  publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
  year = {1999},
  editor = {Paolo Bouquet and Luigi Serafini and Patrick
	Br\'ezillon	and Massimo Benerecetti and Francesca
	Castellani},
  pages = {324--338},
  address = {Berlin},
  topic = {context;presupposition;implicature;}
  }

@article{ scandura-etal:1974a,
  author = {Joseph M. Scandura and John H. Durnin and
  	Wallace H. Wulfeck {II}},
  title = {Higher Order Rule Characterization of Heuristics for
  	Compass and Straight Edge Constructions in Geometry},
  journal = {Artificial Intelligence},
  year = {1974},
  volume = {5},
  number = {2},
  pages = {149--183},
  acontentnote = {Abstract:
     A quasi-systematic method for specifying heuristics in problem
     solving was proposed and illustrated with compass and straight
     edge constructions in geometry.  Higher order rules (operator
     combination methods) were constructed for the two loci, similar
     figures, and auxiliary figures problems identified by Pólya
     [12].  The higher order rules specified were precise, compatible
     with the heuristics identified by Pólya, and seemed to reflect
     the kinds of relevant knowledge that successful problem solvers
     might have.  Overall, the analyses demonstrated the viability of
     the analytic method, and provide further evidence in support of
     the competence theory [16] on which the analyses were based.
     Implications of this research for work in simulation and
     artificial intelligence, and in education were discussed, and
     future directions indicated.  },
  topic = {problem-solving;geometrical-reasoning;}
  }

@article{ scanlon:2000a,
  author = {Thomas Scanlon},
  title = {Diophantine Geometry from Model Theory},
  journal = {The Bulletin of Symbolic Logic},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {7},
  number = {1},
  pages = {37--},
  topic = {algebraic-geometry;number-theory;model-theory;}
  }

@article{ scarantino:2003a,
  author = {Andrea Scarantino},
  title = {Review of \emph{{P}assionate Engines: What Emotions Reveal
  	about the Mind and Artificial Intelligence}, by
	{C}raig {D}elancy},
  journal = {Philosophy of Science},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {71},
  number = {2},
  pages = {227--229},
  xref = {Review of: delancy:2002a.},
  topic = {emotion;philosophy-and-AI;}
  }

@book{ scarre:1996a,
  author = {Geoffrey Scarre},
  title = {Utilitarianism},
  publisher = {Routledge},
  year = {1996},
  address = {London},
  contentnote = {A textbook.},
  topic = {utilitarianism;}
 }

@article{ scarrow:1963a,
  author = {D.S. Scarrow},
  title = {On an Analysis of `Could Have'\, },
  journal = {Analysis},
  year = {1963},
  volume = {27},
  pages = {118--120},
  missinginfo = {A's 1st name, number},
  topic = {JL-Austin;ability;conditionals;counterfactual-past;}
  }

@incollection{ scha:1984a,
  author = {Remko Scha},
  title = {Distributive, Collective and Cumulative Quantification},
  booktitle = {Truth, Interpretation and Information},
  publisher = {Foris Publications},
  year = {1984},
  editor = {Jeroen Groenendijk and Theo Janssen and Martin Stokhof},
  pages = {131--158},
  address = {Dordrecht},
  note = {Originally published in 1981.},
  topic = {nl-semantics;plural;}
  }

@phdthesis{ schabes:1990a,
  author = {Yves Schabes},
  title = {Mathematical and Computational Aspects of Lexicalized Grammars},
  school = {Computer Science Department, University of Pennsylvania},
  number = {MS-CIS-90-48, LINC LAB179},
  year = {1990},
  topic = {TAG-grammar;}
  }

@incollection{ schabes-joshi_ak:1981a,
  author = {Yves Schabes and Arivind K. Joshi},
  title = {Parsing with Lexicalized Tree Adjoining Grammar},
  booktitle = {Current Issues in Parsing Technology},
  publisher = {Kluwer Academic Publishers},
  year = {1981},
  editor = {Masaru Tomita},
  pages = {25--47},
  address = {Dordrecht},
  topic = {parsing-algorithms;TAG-grammar;}
  }

@article{ schabes-waters:1995a,
  author = {Yves Schabes and Richard C. Waters},
  title = {Tree Insertion Grammar: A Cubic-Time, Parsable Formalism
  	that Lexicalizes COntext-Free Grammar without Changing the
	Trees Produced},
  journal = {Computational Linguistics},
  year = {1995},
  volume = {21},
  number = {4},
  pages = {479--513},
  topic = {grammar-formalisms;TAG-grammar;parsing-algorithms;}
  }

@incollection{ schachter_dl:1989a,
  author = {Daniel L. Schachter},
  title = {Memory},
  booktitle = {Foundations of Cognitive Science},
  publisher = {The {MIT} Press},
  year = {1989},
  editor = {Michael I. Posner},
  chapter = {17},
  pages = {683--725},
  address = {Cambridge, Massachusetts},
  topic = {memory;cognitive-psychology;}
  }

@incollection{ schachter_j:1972a,
  author = {Jacquelyn Schachter},
  title = {On the Semantics and Syntax of Conditionals},
  booktitle = {Papers in {M}ontague Grammar},
  publisher = {Linguistics Department, UCLA},
  year = {1972},
  editor = {Robert Rodman},
  pages = {139--149},
  address = {Los Angeles, California},
  note = {ULCA Occasional Papers in Linguistics, No. 2},
  rtnote = {In RHT collection.},
  topic = {conditionals;}
  }

@article{ schachter_j:1974a,
  author = {Jacqueline Schachter},
  title = {An Error in Error Analysis},
  journal = {Language Learning},
  year = {1974},
  volume = {24},
  pages = {205--215},
  number = {2},
  rtnote = {In RHT collection.},
  topic = {L2-language-learning;}
  }

@article{ schachter_j:1976a,
  author = {Jacquelyn Schachter},
  title = {Some Semantic Prerequisites for a Model of Language},
  journal = {Brain and Language},
  year = {1976},
  volume = {3},
  pages = {292--304},
  missinginfo = {number},
  topic = {nl-semantics;}
  }

@unpublished{ schachter_p:1980a,
  author = {Paul Schachter},
  title = {Explaining Auxiliary Order},
  year = {1980},
  note = {Indiana University Linguistics Club, BLoomington, Indiana},
  rtnote = {In RHT collection.},
  topic = {nl-syntax;auxiliary-verbs;}
  }

@article{ schachter_p:1985a,
  author = {Paul Schachter},
  title = {Lexical Functional Grammar as a Model of Linguistic
  	Competence},
  journal = {Linguistics and Philosophy},
  year = {1985},
  volume = {8},
  number = {4},
  pages = {449--503},
  xref = {Review of bresnan:1982a.},
  topic = {LFG;linguistics-methodology;}
  }

@book{ schachter_p-bedell:1973a,
  editor = {Paul Schachter and George Bedell},
  title = {Critiques of Syntactic Studies},
  publisher = {Linguistics Department, UCLA},
  year = {1973},
  address = {Los Angeles, California},
  note = {ULCA Papers in Syntax, No. 4},
  rtnote = {In RHT Collection.  LLP authored shelves.},
  topic = {nl-syntax;}
 }

@book{ schade-kunreuther:1999a,
  author = {Christian Schade and Howard Kunreuther},
  title = {Worry and Warranties},
  publisher = {Risk Management and Decision Processes Center, The
  	Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania},
  year = {1999},
  address = {Philadelphia},
  topic = {risk-management;}
 }

@article{ schaden:2009a,
  author = {Gerhard Schaden},
  title = {Present Perfects Compete},
  journal = {Linguistics and Philosophy},
  year = {2009},
  volume = {32},
  number = {2},
  pages = {115--141},
  topic = {tense-aspect;nl-semantics;}
  }

@article{ schaeffer:1990a,
  author = {Jonathan Schaeffer},
  title = {Conspiracy Numbers},
  journal = {Artificial Intelligence},
  year = {1990},
  volume = {43},
  number = {1},
  pages = {67--84},
  topic = {game-playing;search;conspiracy-number-search;}
  }

@article{ schaeffer:2001a,
  author = {Jonathan Schaeffer},
  title = {A Gamut of Games},
  journal = {The {AI} Magazine},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {22},
  number = {1},
  pages = {29--46},
  topic = {game-playing;}
  }

@article{ schaeffer-vanderhoek:2002a,
  author = {Jonathan Schaeffer and H. Jaap van der Hoek},
  title = {Games, Computers, and Artificial Intelligence},
  journal = {Artificial Intelligence},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {134},
  number = {1--2},
  pages = {1--7},
  topic = {computer-games;}
  }

@inproceedings{ schaerf_a:1992a,
  author = {Andrea Schaerf},
  title = {On the Role of Subsumption Algorithms in Concept Languages},
  booktitle = {Working Notes, {AAAI} Fall Symposium on Issues in Description
  	Logics: Users Meet Developers},
  year = {1992},
  editor = {Robert MacGregor},
  pages = {86--97},
  organization = {American Association for Artificial Intelligence},
  publisher = {American Association for Artificial Intelligence},
  address = {Menlo Park, California},
  rtnote = {In RHT collection.  Claims that there are cases where
  	subsumption for individuals is harder than for concepts.  This
	seems peculiar, because there are individual concepts,
	but I guess she is dealing with cases where that constraint is
	inexpressible.},
  topic = {kr;krcourse;description-logics;classifier-algorithms;}
  }

@article{ schaerf_m-cadoli_m:1995a,
  author = {Marco Schaerf and Marco Cadoli},
  title = {Tractable Reasoning Via Approximation},
  journal = {Artificial Intelligence},
  year = {1995},
  volume = {74},
  number = {2},
  pages = {249--310},
  contentnote = {Idea is to get tractability in theorem proving not
  	by restricting language but by trying to get approximate
	conclusions.  The paper seems to use 3 valued logic, nonstandard
	consequence.},
  topic = {approximate-theorem-proving;tractable-logics;}
  }

@book{ schafer_a:1993a,
  editor = {A. Schafer},
  title = {{NELS 23}: Proceedings of the Twenty-Third Conference of the
  	{N}orth {E}ast {L}inguistic {S}ociety},
  publisher = {GLSA Publications},
  year = {1993},
  address = {Amherst, Massachusetts},
  note = {URL FOR GLSA Publications:
  	http://www.umass.edu/linguist/glsa-pubs.html.},
  topic = {linguistics-proceedings;nl-syntax;nl-semantics;}
 }

@book{ schafer_rw-markel:1979a,
  editor = {Ronald W. Schafer and John D. Markel},
  title = {Speech Analysis},
  publisher = {{IEEE} Press},
  year = {1979},
  address = {New York},
  topic = {speech-recognition;}
 }

@article{ schaffer:2000a,
  author = {Jonathan Schaffer},
  title = {Trumping Preemption},
  journal = {The Journal of Philosophy},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {97},
  number = {4},
  pages = {165--181},
  topic = {causality;}
  }

@incollection{ schaffer:2005a,
  author = {Jonatham Schaffer},
  title = {What Shifts?  Thresholds, Standards, or Alternatives?},
  booktitle = {Contextualism in Philosophy: Knowledge, Meaning, and Truth},
  publisher = {Oxford University Press},
  year = {2005},
  editor = {Gerhard Preyer and Georg Peter},
  pages = {115--130},
  address = {Oxford},
  topic = {context;nl-semantics;}
  }

@incollection{ schane:1976a,
  author = {Sanford A. Schane},
  title = {The Best Argument is in the Mind of
		the Beholder},
  booktitle = {Assessing Linguistic Arguments},
  publisher = {Hemisphere Publishing Corporation},
  year = {1976},
  editor = {Jessica R. Wirth},
  pages = {167--185},
  address = {Washington, D.C.},
  topic = {philosophy-of-linguistics;foundations-of-linguistics;}
  }

@book{ schank_rc:1975a,
  author = {Roger C. Schank},
  title = {Conceptual Information Processing},
  publisher = {Elsevier Science Publishers},
  year = {1975},
  address = {New York},
  topic = {conceptual-dependency;nl-interpretation;}
 }

@article{ schank_rc:1983a,
  author = {Roger Schank},
  title = {The Current State of {AI}:  One Man's Opinion},
  journal = {The {AI} Magazine},
  year = {1983},
  volume = {4},
  number = {1},
  pages = {3--8},
  xref = {Reply: bundy:1983a},
  topic = {AI-editorial;}
  }

@book{ schank_rc:1997a,
  author = {Roger C. Schank},
  title = {Virtual Learning: A Revolutionary Approach to Building a Highly
    Skilled Workforce},
  publisher = {New York: McGraw-Hill},
  year = {1997},
  address = {New},
  ISBN = {0786311487},
  rtnote = {UMich Graduate Library, HF 5549.5 .T7 S27 1997.},
  topic = {computer-assisted-instruction;}
 }

@article{ schank_rc:2006a,
  author = {Roger C. Schank},
  title = {Once upon a Time in {AI}},
  journal = {Artificial Intelligence},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {170},
  number = {18},
  pages = {1254--1255},
  topic = {AI-editorial;}
  }

@book{ schank_rc-abelson_r:1977a,
  author = {Roger C. Schank and R. Abelson},
  title = {Scripts, Plans, Goals, and Understanding},
  publisher = {Lawrence Erlbaum Associates},
  year = {1977},
  address = {Hillsdale, New Jersey},
  missinginfo = {A's 1st name},
  topic = {conceptual-dependency;planning;nl-interpretation;}
 }

@incollection{ schank_rc-birnbaum_l:1994a,
  author = {Roger C. Schank and Lawrence Birnbaum},
  title = {Enhancing Intelligence},
  booktitle = {What is Intelligence?},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
  year = {1994},
  editor = {Jean Khalfa},
  pages = {72--106},
  address = {Cambridge, England},
  topic = {intelligent-tutoring;}
  }

@book{ schank_rc-colby:1973a,
  editor = {Roger C. Schank and Kenneth Mark Colby},
  title = {Computer Models of Thought and Language},
  publisher = {W. H. Freeman},
  year = {1973},
  address = {San Francisco},
  ISBN = {0716708345},
  contentnote = {TC:
  	1. Allen Newell, "Artificial Intelligence and the Concept of
		Mind"
	2. R.F. Simmons, "Semantic Networks: Their Computation and
		Use for Understanding English Sentences"
	3. Yorik Wilks, "An Artificial Intelligence Approach to Machine
		Translation"
	4. Terry Winograd, "A Procedural Model of Language Understanding"
	5. Roger C. Schank,  "Identification of Conceptualizations
		Underlying Natural Language"
	6. K.M. Colby, "Simulations of Belief Systems"
	7. R.P. Abelson, "The Structure of Belief Systems"
       10. E. Hunt, "The Memory We Must Have"
       11. R.K. Lindsay, "In Defense of Ad Hoc Systems"
       12. J.D. Becker, "A Model for Encoding of Experiential
       		Information"
   },
  rtnote = {UMich Graduate Library Call No: BF455 .S32
  	    Media Union Library Call No: BF455 .S32},
  xref = {Review: uhr:1975a.},
 }

@article{ schank_rc-etal:1980a,
  author = {Roger C. Schank and Michael Lebowitz and Lawrence Birnbaum},
  title = {An Integrated Understander},
  journal = {American Journal of Computational Linguistics},
  year = {1980},
  volume = {6},
  number = {1},
  missinginfo = {pages},
  topic = {nl-interpretation;conceptual-dependency;}
  }

@article{ schank_rc-foster_da:1995a,
  author = {Roger C. Schank and David A. Foster},
  title = {The Engineering of Creativity: A Review of {B}oden's {\it The
  	Creative Mind}},
  journal = {Artificial Intelligence},
  year = {1995},
  volume = {79},
  number = {1},
  pages = {129--143},
  xref = {Review of boden:1990a.},
  topic = {creativity;}
  }

@article{ schank_rc-jona:1993a,
  author = {Roger C. Schank and Menachem Y. Jona},
  title = {Issues for Psychology, {AI}, and Education:
  	A Review of {A}llen {N}ewell's `Unified Theories of Cognition'},
  journal = {Artificial Intelligence},
  year = {1993},
  volume = {59},
  number = {1--2},
  pages = {375--388},
  xref = {Review of newell:1992a.},
  topic = {SOAR;cognitive-architectures;}
  }

@article{ schank_rc-leake:1989a,
  author = {Roger C. Schank and David B.  Leake},
  title = {Creativity and Learning in a Case-Based Explainer},
  journal = {Artificial Intelligence},
  year = {1989},
  volume = {40},
  number = {1--3},
  pages = {353--385},
  topic = {machine-learning;creativity;explanation;}
  }

@article{ schank_rc-rieger_cj:1974a1,
  author = {Roger C. Schank and Charles J. {Rieger III}},
  title = {Inference and the Computer Understanding of Human Language},
  journal = {Artificial Intelligence},
  year = {1974},
  volume = {5},
  number = {4},
  pages = {349--412},
  xref = {Republished in Ronald J. Brachman and Hector J. Levesque;
  	Readings in Knowledge Representation.  See schank_rc-rieger:1974a2.},
  topic = {kr;nl-kr;conceptual-dependency;kr-course;}
  }

@incollection{ schank_rc-rieger_cj:1974a2,
  author = {Roger C. Schank and Charles J. {Rieger III}},
  title = {Inference and the Computer Understanding of Human Language},
  booktitle = {Readings in Knowledge Representation},
  publisher = {Morgan Kaufmann},
  year = {1995},
  editor = {Ronald J. Brachman and Hector J. Levesque},
  address = {Los Altos, California},
  pages = {119--140},
  xref = {Originally published in Artificial Intelligence 5; 1974.  See
  	schank_rc-rieger_cj:1974a1},
  topic = {kr;nl-kr;conceptual-dependency;kr-course;}
  }

@book{ schank_rc-webber_b:1975a,
  editor = {Roger C. Schank and Bonnie Nash-Webber},
  title = {Theoretical Issues in Natural Language Processing: An
  	Interdisciplinary Workshop in Computational Linguistics,
	Psychology, Linguistics, Artificial Intelligence, 10-13 {J}une
	1975, {C}ambridge, {M}assachusetts},
  publisher = {The {MIT} Press},
  year = {1975},
  address = {Cambridge, Massachusetts},
  topic = {nl-processing;}
 }

@book{ scharfstein:1989a,
  author = {Ben-Ami Scharfstein},
  title = {The Dilemma of Context},
  publisher = {New York University Press},
  year = {1989},
  address = {New York},
  ISBN = {0-8147-7916-6},
  topic = {context;social-philosophy;}
 }

@incollection{ schaub:1991a,
  author = {Torsten Schaub},
  title = {On Commitment and Cumulativity in Default Logics},
  booktitle = {Symbolic and Quantitative Approaches for Uncertainty:
  	Proceedings of the {E}uropean Conference {ECSQAU}, Marseille,
	France, October 1991},
  publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
  year = {1991},
  editor = {Rudolf Kruse and Pierre Siegel},
  pages = {305--309},
  address = {Berlin},
  topic = {default-logic;commitment;}
  }

@incollection{ schaub:1991b,
  author = {Torsten Schaub},
  title = {Assertional Default Theories: A Semantical View},
  booktitle = {{KR}'91: Principles of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning},
  publisher = {Morgan Kaufmann},
  year = {1991},
  editor = {James F. Allen and Richard Fikes and Erik Sandewall},
  pages = {496--506},
  address = {San Mateo, California},
  topic = {kr;default-logic;kr-course;}
  }

@incollection{ schaub:1998a,
  author = {Torsten Schaub},
  title = {The Family of Default Logics},
  booktitle = {Handbook of Defeasible Reasoning and Uncertainty
		Management Systems, Volume 2: Reasoning with
                Actual and Potential Contradictions},
  publisher = {Kluwer Academic Publishers},
  year = {1998},
  editor = {Dov M. Gabbay and Philippe Smets},
  pages = {77--134},
  address = {Dordrecht},
  topic = {default-logic;nonmonotonic-logic;}
  }

@article{ schaub-bruning:1998a,
  author = {Torsten Schaub and Stefan Br\"uning},
  title = {Prolog Technology for Default Reasoning: Proof Theory
  	and Compilation Techniques},
  journal = {Artificial Intelligence},
  year = {1998},
  volume = {106},
  number = {1},
  pages = {1--75},
  topic = {logic-programming;applied-nonmonotonic-reasoning;
  	theorem-proving;default-logic;consistency-checking;}
  }

@article{ schauer:1985a,
  author = {Frederick Schauer},
  title = {Slippery Slopes},
  journal = {Harvard Law Review},
  year = {1985},
  volume = {99},
  pages = {361--383},
  topic = {vagueness;}
  }

@incollection{ schauer:2000a,
  author = {Holger C. Schauer},
  title = {From Elementary Discourse Units to Complex Ones},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the First {SIGdial} Workshop on Discourse
  	and Dialogue},
  publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
  year = {2000},
  editor = {Laila Dybkjaer and Koiti Hasida and David R. Traum},
  pages = {46--55},
  address = {Somerset, New Jersey},
  topic = {computational-dialogue;discourse-structure;}
  }

@article{ schechter-enoch:2006a,
  author = {Joshua Schechter and David Enoch},
  title = {Meaning and Justification:  The Case of Modus Ponens},
  journal = {No\^us},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {40},
  number = {4},
  pages = {687--715},
  topic = {justification;philosophy-of-reasoning;}
  }

@book{ schecker-wunderli:1975a,
  editor = {Michael Schecker und Peter Wunderli},
  title = {Textgrammatik: Beitr\"age zum Problem der Textualit\"at},
  publisher = {M. Niemeyer},
  year = {1975},
  address = {T\"ubingen},
  rtnote = {HILLMAN	P302 .T4},
  topic = {discourse-analysis;}
}

@article{ scheffler_i:1955a1,
  author = {Israel Scheffler},
  title = {On Synonymy and Indirect Discourse},
  journal = {Philosophy of Science},
  year = {1955},
  volume = {22},
  pages = {39--44},
  xref = {Republication: scheffler_i:1955a2.},
  topic = {synonymy;indirect-discourse;}
  }

@incollection{ scheffler_i:1955a2,
  author = {Israel Scheffler},
  title = {On Synonymy and Indirect Discourse},
  booktitle = {Readings in the Philosophy of Language},
  publisher = {The {MIT} Press},
  year = {1996},
  editor = {Peter Ludlow},
  pages = {793--800},
  address = {Cambridge, Massachusetts},
  xref = {Republication: scheffler_i:1955a1.},
  topic = {synonymy;indirect-discourse;}
  }

@article{ scheffler_i:1957a,
  author = {Israel Scheffler},
  title = {Prospects of a Modest Empiricism {I}},
  journal = {The Review of Metaphysics},
  year = {1957},
  volume = {10},
  number = {3},
  pages = {383--400},
  topic = {meaningfulness;logical-positivism;empiricism;}
  }

@article{ scheffler_i:1957b,
  author = {Israel Scheffler},
  title = {Prospects of a Modest Empiricism {II}},
  journal = {The Review of Metaphysics},
  year = {1957},
  volume = {10},
  number = {4},
  pages = {602--625},
  topic = {meaningfulness;logical-positivism;empiricism;dispositions;}
  }

@book{ scheffler_i:1982a,
  author = {Israel Scheffler},
  title = {Beyond the Letter: A Philosophical Inquiry into
   	Ambiguity, Vagueness and Metaphor in Language},
  publisher = {Routledge and Kegan Paul},
  year = {1982},
  address = {London},
  rtnote = {HILLMAN P106 .C273},
  xref = {Review: stich:1982a},
  topic = {vagueness;ambiguity;metaphor;pragmatics;}
 }

@article{ scheffler_u:2000a,
  author = {Uwe Scheffler},
  title = {Review of \emph{{T}he Logic of Intentional
  	Objects: A {M}einongian Version of Classical
	Logic}, by {J}acek {P}a\'sniczek},
  journal = {Studia Logica},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {65},
  number = {3},
  pages = {429--446},
  xref = {Review of: pasniczek:1998a.},
  topic = {Meinong;intensionality;(non)existence;}
  }

@incollection{ schegloff:1972a,
  author = {Emmanuel A. Schegloff},
  title = {Sequencing in Conversational Openings},
  booktitle = {Directions in Sociolinguistics},
  publisher = {Holt, Rinehart and Winston},
  year = {1972},
  editor = {J.J. Gumperz and D.H. Hymes},
  pages = {346--380},
  topic = {ethnomethodology;conversation-analysis;}
  }

@incollection{ schegloff:1972b,
  author = {Emmanuel A. Schegloff},
  title = {Notes on Conversational Practice: Formulating Place},
  booktitle = {Studies in Social Interaction},
  publisher = {Free Press},
  year = {1972},
  editor = {D. Sudnow},
  pages = {95--135},
  address = {New York},
  topic = {ethnomethodology;conversation-analysis;}
  }

@incollection{ schegloff:1979a,
  author = {Emmanuel A. Schegloff},
  title = {Identification and Recognition in Telephone Conversation
  	Openings},
  booktitle = {Everyday Language: Studies in Ethnomethodology},
  publisher = {Irvington},
  year = {1979},
  editor = {G. Psathas},
  pages = {23--78},
  address = {New York},
  missinginfo = {E's 1st name.},
  topic = {ethnomethodology;conversation-analysis;}
  }

@incollection{ schegloff:1979b,
  author = {Emmanuel A. Schegloff},
  title = {The Relevance of Repair to Syntax-for-Conversation},
  booktitle = {Syntax and Semantics 12: Discourse and Syntax},
  publisher = {Academic Press},
  year = {1979},
  editor = {T. Givon},
  pages = {261--288},
  address = {New York},
  topic = {conversation-analysis;pragmatics;}
  }

@incollection{ schegloff:1984a,
  author = {Emmanuel A. Schegloff},
  title = {On Some Questions and Ambiguities in Conversation},
  booktitle = {Structures of Social Action},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
  year = {1984},
  editor = {J.M. Atkinson and J. Heritage},
  address = {Cambridge},
  missinginfo = {date is a guess.},
  topic = {conversation-analysis;}
  }

@incollection{ schegloff:1991a,
  author = {Emanuel A. Schegloff},
  title = {Conversation Analysis and Socially
     		Shared Cognition},
  booktitle = {Perspectives on

repository: sergiud/bibtex-spirit

repo_name: sergiud/bibtex-spirit