text:
needs.},
	articleno    = 146,
	numpages     = 15,
	keywords     = {social media, survivors, Online harassment, content moderation, online governance}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3517492,
	title        = {Immersive Speculative Enactments: Bringing Future Scenarios and Technology to Life Using Virtual Reality},
	author       = {Simeone, Adalberto L. and Cools, Robbe and Depuydt, Stan and Gomes, Jo\~{a}o Maria and Goris, Piet and Grocott, Joseph and Esteves, Augusto and Gerling, Kathrin},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3517492},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3517492},
	abstract     = {In this paper we present Immersive Speculative Enactments (ISEs), a novel concept that extends conventional Speculative Enactments to Virtual Reality. Through ISEs, participants are immersed in a speculative world depicted by the designers and can engage with it in its truest envisioned form. We explore this concept via four scenarios with increasing technological uncertainty: a glimpse in the daily life of the parent of a newborn baby; a Mixed Reality experience supporting hybrid classrooms; two wearable devices that present a pet’s emotional state and needs; and an enactment on the effect of communication delay across interplanetary distances. We discuss the concept of ISEs and contrast them to other forms of speculation, provide guidelines on how to design them, as well as reflecting on the challenges, limitations, and potential associated with the role of ISEs in the HCI discourse.},
	articleno    = 17,
	numpages     = 20,
	keywords     = {Cross-Reality, Design Fiction, Childcare, Quantified Pets, Speculative Enactments, Virtual Reality, Space Exploration.}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3502010,
	title        = {Do You See What You Mean? Using Predictive Visualizations to Reduce Optimism in Duration Estimates},
	author       = {Koval, Morgane and Jansen, Yvonne},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3502010},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3502010},
	abstract     = {Making time estimates, such as how long a given task might take, frequently leads to inaccurate predictions because of an optimistic bias. Previous attempts to alleviate this bias, including decomposing the task into smaller components and listing potential surprises, have not shown any major improvement. This article builds on the premise that these procedures may have failed because they involve compound probabilities and mixture distributions which are difficult to compute in one’s head. We hypothesize that predictive visualizations of such distributions would facilitate the estimation of task durations. We conducted a crowdsourced study in which 145 participants provided different estimates of overall and sub-task durations and we used these to generate predictive visualizations of the resulting mixture distributions. We compared participants’ initial estimates with their updated ones and found compelling evidence that predictive visualizations encourage less optimistic estimates.},
	articleno    = 30,
	numpages     = 19,
	keywords     = {Planning fallacy, predictive visualization}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3501968,
	title        = {Crystalline: Lowering the Cost for Developers to Collect and Organize Information for Decision Making},
	author       = {Liu, Michael Xieyang and Kittur, Aniket and Myers, Brad A.},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3501968},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3501968},
	abstract     = {Developers perform online sensemaking on a daily basis, such as researching and choosing libraries and APIs. Prior research has introduced tools that help developers capture information from various sources and organize it into structures useful for subsequent decision-making. However, it remains a laborious process for developers to manually identify and clip content, maintaining its provenance and synthesizing it with other content. In this work, we introduce a new system called Crystalline that automatically collects and organizes information into tabular structures as the user searches and browses the web. It leverages natural language processing to automatically group similar criteria together to reduce clutter, and uses passive behavioral signals such as mouse movement and dwell time to infer what information to collect and how to visualize and prioritize it. Our user study suggests that developers are able to create comparison tables about 20% faster with a 60% reduction in operational cost without sacrificing the quality of the tables.},
	articleno    = 68,
	numpages     = 16,
	keywords     = {Developer tools, Sensemaking, Decision making, Implicit signals, Behavior patterns}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3501965,
	title        = {Shared Interest: Measuring Human-AI Alignment to Identify Recurring Patterns in Model Behavior},
	author       = {Boggust, Angie and Hoover, Benjamin and Satyanarayan, Arvind and Strobelt, Hendrik},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3501965},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3501965},
	abstract     = {Saliency methods — techniques to identify the importance of input features on a model’s output — are a common step in understanding neural network behavior. However, interpreting saliency requires tedious manual inspection to identify and aggregate patterns in model behavior, resulting in ad hoc or cherry-picked analysis. To address these concerns, we present Shared Interest: metrics for comparing model reasoning (via saliency) to human reasoning (via ground truth annotations). By providing quantitative descriptors, Shared Interest enables ranking, sorting, and aggregating inputs, thereby facilitating large-scale systematic analysis of model behavior. We use Shared Interest to identify eight recurring patterns in model behavior, such as cases where contextual features or a subset of ground truth features are most important to the model. Working with representative real-world users, we show how Shared Interest can be used to decide if a model is trustworthy, uncover issues missed in manual analyses, and enable interactive probing.},
	articleno    = 10,
	numpages     = 17,
	keywords     = {machine learning, interpretability, human-computer interaction, saliency methods}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3501952,
	title        = {Put a Label On It! Approaches for Constructing and Contextualizing Bar Chart Physicalizations},
	author       = {Sauv\'{e}, Kim and Ramirez Gomez, Argenis and Houben, Steven},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3501952},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3501952},
	abstract     = {Physicalizations represent data through their tangible and material properties. In contrast to screen-based visualizations, there is currently very limited understanding of how to label or annotate physicalizations to support people in interpreting the data encoded by the physicalization. Because of its spatiality, contextualization through labeling or annotation is crucial to communicate data across different orientations. In this paper, we study labeling approaches as part of the overall construction process of bar chart physicalizations. We designed a toolkit of physical tokens and paper data labels and asked 16 participants to construct and contextualize their own data physicalizations. We found that (i) the construction and contextualization of physicalizations is a highly intertwined process, (ii) data labels are integrated with physical constructs in the final design, and (iii) these are both influenced by orientation changes. We contribute with an understanding of the role of data labeling in the creation and contextualization of physicalizations.},
	articleno    = 82,
	numpages     = 15,
	keywords     = {Constructive Visualization, Data Labels, Physical Visualization, Data Physicalization}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3501926,
	title        = {Logic Bonbon: Exploring Food as Computational Artifact},
	author       = {Deng, Jialin and Olivier, Patrick and Andres, Josh and Ellis, Kirsten and Wee, Ryan and Floyd Mueller, Florian},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3501926},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3501926},
	abstract     = {In recognition of food's significant experiential pleasures, culinary practitioners and designers are increasingly exploring novel combinations of computing technologies and food. However, despite much creative endeavors, proposals and prototypes have so far largely maintained a traditional divide, treating food and technology as separate entities. In contrast, we present a “Research through Design” exploration of the notion of food as computational artifact: wherein food itself is the material of computation. We describe the Logic Bonbon, a dessert that can hydrodynamically regulate its flavor via a fluidic logic system. Through a study of experiencing the Logic Bonbon and reflection on our design practice, we offer a provisional account of how food as computational artifact can mediate new interactions through a novel approach to food-computation integration, that promotes an enriched future of Human-Food Interaction.},
	articleno    = 47,
	numpages     = 21,
	keywords     = {Human-Food Interaction, Edible Fluidics, Food Design}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3501902,
	title        = {Affinder: Expressing Concepts of Situations That Afford Activities Using Context-Detectors},
	author       = {Louie, Ryan and Gergle, Darren and Zhang, Haoqi},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3501902},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3501902},
	abstract     = {Context-aware applications have the potential to act opportunistically to facilitate human experiences and activities, from reminding us of places to perform personal activities, to identifying coincidental moments to engage in digitally-mediated shared experiences. However, despite the availability of context-detectors and programming frameworks for defining how such applications should trigger, designers lack support for expressing their human concepts of a situation and the experiences and activities they afford (e.g., situations to toss a frisbee) when context-features are made available at the level of locations (e.g., parks). This paper introduces Affinder, a block-based programming environment that supports constructing concept expressions that effectively translate their conceptions of a situation into a machine representation using available context features. During pilot testing, we discovered three bridging challenges that arise when expressing situations that cannot be encoded directly by a single context-feature. To overcome these bridging challenges, Affinder provides designers (1) an unlimited vocabulary search for discovering features they may have forgotten; (2) prompts for reflecting and expanding their concepts of a situation and ideas for foraging for context-features; and (3) simulation and repair tools for identifying and resolving issues with the precision of concept expressions on real use-cases. In a comparison study, we found that Affinder’s core functions helped designers stretch their concepts of how to express a situation, find relevant context-features matching their concepts, and recognize when the concept expression operated differently than intended on real-world cases. These results show that Affinder and tools that support bridging can improve a designer’s ability to express their concepts of a human situation into detectable machine representations—thus pushing the boundaries of how computing systems support our activities in the world.},
	articleno    = 7,
	numpages     = 18,
	keywords     = {bridging challenges, expressing concepts of situations, design fixation, context-aware programming, block-based programming, context-features}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3501889,
	title        = {Shifting Trust: Examining How Trust and Distrust Emerge, Transform, and Collapse in COVID-19 Information Seeking},
	author       = {Zhang, Yixuan and Suhaimi, Nurul and Yongsatianchot, Nutchanon and Gaggiano, Joseph D and Kim, Miso and Patel, Shivani A and Sun, Yifan and Marsella, Stacy and Griffin, Jacqueline and Parker, Andrea G},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3501889},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3501889},
	abstract     = {During crises like COVID-19, individuals are inundated with conflicting and time-sensitive information that drives a need for rapid assessment of the trustworthiness and reliability of information sources and platforms. This parallels evolutions in information infrastructures, ranging from social media to government data platforms. Distinct from current literature, which presumes a static relationship between the presence or absence of trust and people’s behaviors, our mixed-methods research focuses on situated trust, or trust that is shaped by people’s information-seeking and assessment practices through emerging information platforms (e.g., social media, crowdsourced systems, COVID data platforms). Our findings characterize the shifts in trustee (what/who people trust) from information on social media to the social media platform(s), how distrust manifests skepticism in issues of data discrepancy, the insufficient presentation of uncertainty, and how this trust and distrust shift over time. We highlight the deep challenges in existing information infrastructures that influence trust and distrust formation.},
	articleno    = 78,
	numpages     = 21,
	keywords     = {information infrastructure, COVID-19, information behaviors, trust, distrust, misinformation, longitudinal research, social media, mixed methods, crisis informatics}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3501883,
	title        = {”Ask This from the Person Who Has Private Stuff”: Privacy Perceptions, Behaviours and Beliefs Beyond W.E.I.R.D},
	author       = {Naveed, Sheza and Naveed, Hamza and Javed, Mobin and Mustafa, Maryam},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3501883},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3501883},
	abstract     = {We explore privacy perceptions, beliefs and practices of low-literate, low-income users in Pakistan, a patriarchal and religious context with a literacy rate of approx. 68% and where 59% of mobile users have less than 6 years of formal education. Through a qualitative study with 40 participants (17 male and 23 female) we examine the cultural, religious, and familial structures that impact users perceptions, management, and control of their personal privacy. We reveal significant gendered differences in privacy understandings, privacy preserving practices and the access to privacy related knowledge. Our work also highlights the seminal impact religious beliefs have on men and women’s understandings and management of privacy and the prolific use of after-market modified apps to support users specific privacy needs. The privacy concerns raised by our participants provide HCI researchers with valuable insights into designing privacy affordances for vulnerable and diverse populations beyond Western, educated, industrialized, rich and democratic contexts.},
	articleno    = 105,
	numpages     = 17,
	keywords     = {privacy, South Asia, patriarchy, gender, religion}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3517729,
	title        = {BIGexplore: Bayesian Information Gain Framework for Information Exploration},
	author       = {Son, Kihoon and Kim, Kyungmin and Hyun, Kyung Hoon},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3517729},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3517729},
	abstract     = {The Bayesian information gain (BIG) framework has garnered significant interest as an interaction method for predicting a user’s intended target based on a user’s input. However, the BIG framework is constrained to goal-oriented cases, which renders it difficult to support changing goal-oriented cases such as design exploration. During the design exploration process, the design direction is often undefined and may vary over time. The designer’s mental model specifying the design direction is sequentially updated through the information-retrieval process. Therefore, tracking the change point of a user’s goal is crucial for supporting an information exploration. We introduce the BIGexplore framework for changing goal-oriented cases. BIGexplore detects transitions in a user’s browsing behavior as well as the user’s next target. Furthermore, a user study on BIGexplore confirms that the computational cost is significantly reduced compared with the existing BIG framework, and it plausibly detects the point where the user changes goals.},
	articleno    = 37,
	numpages     = 16,
	keywords     = {Bayesian information gain, information exploration, information retrieval, design exploration, computational interaction}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3517688,
	title        = {Automating Contextual Privacy Policies: Design and Evaluation of a Production Tool for Digital Consumer Privacy Awareness},
	author       = {Windl, Maximiliane and Henze, Niels and Schmidt, Albrecht and Feger, Sebastian S.},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3517688},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3517688},
	abstract     = {Users avoid engaging with privacy policies because they are lengthy and complex, making it challenging to retrieve relevant information. In response, research proposed contextual privacy policies (CPPs) that embed relevant privacy information directly into their affiliated contexts. To date, CPPs are limited to concept showcases. This work evolves CPPs into a production tool that automatically extracts and displays concise policy information. We first evaluated the technical functionality on the US’s 500 most visited websites with 59 participants. Based on our results, we further revised the tool to deploy it in the wild with 11 participants over ten days. We found that our tool is effective at embedding CPP information on websites. Moreover, we found that the tool’s usage led to more reflective privacy behavior, making CPPs powerful in helping users understand the consequences of their online activities. We contribute design implications around CPP presentation to inform future systems design.},
	articleno    = 34,
	numpages     = 18,
	keywords     = {privacy policies, contextual privacy, privacy, online services}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3517675,
	title        = {Understanding Privacy Switching Behaviour on Twitter},
	author       = {Kekulluoglu, Dilara and Vaniea, Kami and Magdy, Walid},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3517675},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3517675},
	abstract     = {Changing a Twitter account’s privacy setting between public and protected changes the visibility of past tweets. By inspecting the privacy setting of more than 100K Twitter users over 3 months, we noticed that over 40% of those users changed their privacy setting at least once with around 16% changing it over 5 times. This observation motivated us to explore the reasons why people switch their privacy settings. We studied these switching phenomena quantitatively by comparing the tweeting behaviour of users when public vs protected, and qualitatively using two follow-up surveys (n=100, n=324) to understand potential reasoning behind the observed behaviours. Our quantitative analysis shows that users who switch privacy settings mention others and share hashtags more when their setting is public. Our surveys highlighted that users turn protected to share personal content and regulate boundaries while they turn public to interact with others in ways the protected setting prevents.},
	articleno    = 31,
	numpages     = 14,
	keywords     = {Privacy, Privacy Settings, Twitter, Security, Online Social Networks}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3517673,
	title        = {The Pattern is in the Details: An Evaluation of Interaction Techniques for Locating, Searching, and Contextualizing Details in Multivariate Matrix Visualizations},
	author       = {Yang, Yalong and Xia, Wenyu and Lekschas, Fritz and Nobre, Carolina and Kr\"{u}ger, Robert and Pfister, Hanspeter},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3517673},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3517673},
	abstract     = {Matrix visualizations are widely used to display large-scale network, tabular, set, or sequential data. They typically only encode a single value per cell, e.g., through color. However, this can greatly limit the visualizations’ utility when exploring multivariate data, where each cell represents a data point with multiple values (referred to as details). Three well-established interaction approaches can be applicable in multivariate matrix visualizations (or MMV): focus+context, pan&zoom, and overview+detail. However, there is little empirical knowledge of how these approaches compare in exploring MMV. We report on two studies comparing them for locating, searching, and contextualizing details in MMV. We first compared four focus+context techniques and found that the fisheye lens overall outperformed the others. We then compared the fisheye lens, to pan&zoom and overview+detail. We found that pan&zoom was faster in locating and searching details, and as good as overview+detail in contextualizing details.},
	articleno    = 84,
	numpages     = 15,
	keywords     = {pan&zoom, Multi-level navigation, matrix, multivariate, focus+context, overview+detail}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3517659,
	title        = {A Personalized Visual Aid for Selections of Appearance Building Products with Long-Term Effects},
	author       = {Shi, Chuhan and Jiang, Zhihan and Ma, Xiaojuan and Luo, Qiong},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3517659},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3517659},
	abstract     = {It is challenging for customers to select appearance building products (e.g., skincare products, weight loss programs) that suit them personally as such products usually demonstrate efficacy only after long-term usage. Although e-retailers generally provide product descriptions or other customers’ reviews, users often find it hard to relate to their own situations. In this work, we proposed a pipeline to display envisioned users’ appearance after long-term use of appearance building products to deliver their efficacy on each individual visually. We selected skincare as a case and developed SkincareMirror which predicts skincare effects on users’ facial images by analyzing product function labels, efficacy ratings, and skin models’ images. The results of a between-subjects study (N=48) show that (1) SkincareMirror outperforms the baseline shopping site in terms of perceived usability, usefulness, user satisfaction and helps users select products faster; (2) SkincareMirror is especially effective to males and users with limited product domain knowledge.},
	articleno    = 74,
	numpages     = 18,
	keywords     = {Appearance building products, personalized visual aid, virtual try-on, decision-making}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3517658,
	title        = {Identifying Factors That Inhibit Self-Care Behavior among Individuals with Severe Spinal Cord Injury},
	author       = {Motahar, Tamanna and Ghosh, Isha and Wiese, Jason},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3517658},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3517658},
	abstract     = {Individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) need to perform numerous self-care behaviors, some very frequently. Pressure reliefs (PRs), which prevent life-threatening pressure ulcers (PUs), are one such behavior. We conducted a qualitative study with seven individuals with severe SCI—who depend on power wheelchairs—to explore their current PR behavior and the potential for technology to facilitate PR adherence. While our participants were highly motivated to perform PRs because of prior PUs, we found that their understanding of how and when to perform a PR differed by individual, and that while they sometimes forgot to perform PR, in other cases contextual factors made it difficult to perform a PR. Our findings provide insight into the complexity of this design space, identify design considerations for designing technology to facilitate these behaviors, and demonstrate the opportunity for personal informatics to be more inclusive by supporting the needs of this population.},
	articleno    = 3,
	numpages     = 16,
	keywords     = {Spinal Cord Injury, Assistive Technologies, Pressure Relief, Self-Care}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3517649,
	title        = {Supporting Serendipitous Discovery and Balanced Analysis of Online Product Reviews with Interaction-Driven Metrics and Bias-Mitigating Suggestions},
	author       = {Jasim, Mahmood and Collins, Christopher and Sarvghad, Ali and Mahyar, Narges},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3517649},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3517649},
	abstract     = {In this study, we investigate how supporting serendipitous discovery and analysis of online product reviews can encourage readers to explore reviews more comprehensively prior to making purchase decisions. We propose two interventions — Exploration Metrics that can help readers understand and track their exploration patterns through visual indicators and a Bias Mitigation Model that intends to maximize knowledge discovery by suggesting sentiment and semantically diverse reviews. We designed, developed, and evaluated a text analytics system called Serendyze, where we integrated these interventions. We asked 100 crowd workers to use Serendyze to make purchase decisions based on product reviews. Our evaluation suggests that exploration metrics enabled readers to efficiently cover more reviews in a balanced way, and suggestions from the bias mitigation model influenced readers to make confident data-driven decisions. We discuss the role of user agency and trust in text-level analysis systems and their applicability in domains beyond review exploration.},
	articleno    = 9,
	numpages     = 24,
	keywords     = {product review exploration, bias mitigation model, serendipity}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3517596,
	title        = {Perceiving Affordances Differently: The Unintended Consequences When Young Autistic Adults Engage with Social Media},
	author       = {Page, Xinru and Capener, Andrew and Cullen, Spring and Wang, Tao and Garfield, Monica and J. Wisniewski, Pamela},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3517596},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3517596},
	abstract     = {Social media can facilitate numerous benefits, ranging from facilitating access to social, instrumental, financial, and other support, to professional development and civic participation. However, these benefits may not be generalizable to all users. Therefore, we conducted an ethnographic case study with eight Autistic young adults, ten staff members, and four parents to understand how Autistic users of social media engage with others, as well as any unintended consequences of use. We leveraged an affordances perspective to understand how Autistic young adults share and consume user-generated content, make connections, and engage in networked interactions with others via social media. We found that they often used a literal interpretation of digital affordances that sometimes led to negative consequences including physical harm, financial loss, social anxiety, feelings of exclusion, and inadvertently damaging their social relationships. We make recommendations for redesigning social media affordances to be more inclusive of neurodiverse users.},
	articleno    = 144,
	numpages     = 21,
	keywords     = {Affordances, Social Media, Autistic Young Adults}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3517443,
	title        = {AI-Moderated Decision-Making: Capturing and Balancing Anchoring Bias in Sequential Decision Tasks},
	author       = {Echterhoff, Jessica Maria and Yarmand, Matin and McAuley, Julian},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3517443},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3517443},
	abstract     = {Decision-making involves biases from past experiences, which are difficult to perceive and eliminate. We investigate a specific type of anchoring bias, in which decision-makers are anchored by their own recent decisions, e.g. a college admission officer sequentially reviewing students. We propose an algorithm that identifies existing anchored decisions, reduces sequential dependencies to previous decisions, and mitigates decision inaccuracies post-hoc with 2% increased agreement to ground-truth on a large-scale college admission decision data set. A crowd-sourced study validates this algorithm on product preferences (5% increased agreement). To avoid biased decisions ex-ante, we propose a procedure that presents instances in an order that reduces anchoring bias in real-time. Tested in another crowd-sourced study, it reduces bias and increases agreement to ground-truth by 7%. Our work reinforces individuals with similar characteristics to be treated similarly, independent of when they were reviewed in the decision-making process.},
	articleno    = 161,
	numpages     = 9,
	keywords     = {Human-AI Interaction, Decision-Making, Neural Networks, Bias, Anchoring}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3502123,
	title        = {Diff in the Loop: Supporting Data Comparison in Exploratory Data Analysis},
	author       = {Wang, April Yi and Epperson, Will and DeLine, Robert A and Drucker, Steven M.},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3502123},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3502123},
	abstract     = {Data science is characterized by evolution: since data science is exploratory, results evolve from moment to moment; since it can be collaborative, results evolve as the work changes hands. While existing tools help data scientists track changes in code, they provide less support for understanding the iterative changes that the code produces in the data. We explore the idea of visualizing differences in datasets as a core feature of exploratory data analysis, a concept we call Diff in the Loop (DITL). We evaluated DITL in a user study with 16 professional data scientists and found it helped them understand the implications of their actions when manipulating data. We summarize these findings and discuss how the approach can be generalized to different data science workflows.},
	articleno    = 97,
	numpages     = 10,
	keywords     = {exploratory data analysis, data science programming, data comparison}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3502095,
	title        = {Understanding How Programmers Can Use Annotations on Documentation},
	author       = {Horvath, Amber and Liu, Michael Xieyang and Hendriksen, River and Shannon, Connor and Paterson, Emma and Jawad, Kazi and Macvean, Andrew and Myers, Brad A},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3502095},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3502095},
	abstract     = {Modern software development requires developers to find and effectively utilize new APIs and their documentation, but documentation has many well-known issues. Despite this, developers eventually overcome these issues but have no way of sharing what they learned. We investigate sharing this documentation-specific information through annotations, which have advantages over developer forums as the information is contextualized, not disruptive, and is short, thus easy to author. Developers can also author annotations to support their own comprehension. In order to support the documentation usage behaviors we found, we built the Adamite annotation tool, which provides features such as multiple anchors, annotation types, and pinning. In our user study, we found that developers are able to create annotations that are useful to themselves and are able to utilize annotations created by other developers when learning a new API, with readers of the annotations completing 67% more of the task, on average, than the baseline.},
	articleno    = 69,
	numpages     = 16,
	keywords     = {documentation, application programming interfaces (APIs), software engineering, Annotations, note taking}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3502093,
	title        = {Designing for Speech Practice Systems: How Do User-Controlled Voice Manipulation and Model Speakers Impact Self-Perceptions of Voice?},
	author       = {Orii, Lisa and Ogawa, Nami and Hatada, Yuji and Narumi, Takuji},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3502093},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3502093},
	abstract     = {Can you speak the way you desire without feeling the pressure to conform to standards of speaking? In this study, we investigated the impact of user-controlled voice manipulation and listening to recordings of model speakers on self-perceptions of voice and speech. Quantitative analysis showed that there was a significant improvement in the perceived confidence of tone by listening to model speakers, but there were no significant improvements due to voice manipulation. Qualitative analysis of interviews revealed that participants responded positively to the visual and auditory feedback provided by the voice manipulation software. The participants also evaluated the quality of model speakers to decide whether or not they wanted to refer to them for speech practice. Based on the results of these analyses, we summarized the design implications for a speech practice system that would allow further investigation of the impact of the system on self-perceptions of speech performance.},
	articleno    = 56,
	numpages     = 14,
	keywords     = {presentation training, public speaking, self-perception, voice manipulation, speech examples}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3501964,
	title        = {Understanding Gesture Input Articulation with Upper-Body Wearables for Users with Upper-Body Motor Impairments},
	author       = {Vatavu, Radu-Daniel and Ungurean, Ovidiu-Ciprian},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3501964},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3501964},
	abstract     = {We examine touchscreen stroke-gestures and mid-air motion-gestures articulated by users with upper-body motor impairments with devices worn on the wrist, finger, and head. We analyze users’ gesture input performance in terms of production time, articulation consistency, and kinematic measures, and contrast the performance of users with upper-body motor impairments with that of a control group of users without impairments. Our results, from two datasets of 7,290 stroke-gestures and 3,809 motion-gestures collected from 28 participants, reveal that users with upper-body motor impairments take twice as much time to produce stroke-gestures on wearable touchscreens compared to users without impairments, but articulate motion-gestures equally fast and with similar acceleration. We interpret our findings in the context of ability-based design and propose ten implications for accessible gesture input with upper-body wearables for users with upper-body motor impairments.},
	articleno    = 2,
	numpages     = 16,
	keywords     = {smartglasses, gesture input, smartwatches, smart rings, wearables., accessible input, Motor impairments}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3517672,
	title        = {Designing Fair AI in Human Resource Management: Understanding Tensions Surrounding Algorithmic Evaluation and Envisioning Stakeholder-Centered Solutions},
	author       = {Park, Hyanghee and Ahn, Daehwan and Hosanagar, Kartik and Lee, Joonhwan},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3517672},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3517672},
	abstract     = {Enterprises have recently adopted AI to human resource management (HRM) to evaluate employees’ work performance evaluation. However, in such an HRM context where multiple stakeholders are complexly intertwined with different incentives, it is problematic to design AI reflecting one stakeholder group's needs (e.g., enterprises, HR managers). Our research aims to investigate what tensions surrounding AI in HRM exist among stakeholders and explore design solutions to balance the tensions. By conducting stakeholder-centered participatory workshops with diverse stakeholders (including employees, employers/HR teams, and AI/business experts), we identified five major tensions: 1) divergent perspectives on fairness, 2) the accuracy of AI, 3) the transparency of the algorithm and its decision process, 4) the interpretability of algorithmic decisions, and 5) the trade-off between productivity and inhumanity. We present stakeholder-centered design ideas for solutions to mitigate these tensions and further discuss how to promote harmony among various stakeholders at the workplace.},
	articleno    = 51,
	numpages     = 22,
	keywords     = {Fair and responsible AI, Future of work, Human resource management, Transparency, Interpretability, Stakeholder-centered design, Artificial intelligence (AI), Human Intervention, Explainable AI (XAI), Algorithmic management}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3517613,
	title        = {A Large-Scale Measurement of Cybercrime Against Individuals},
	author       = {Breen, Casey and Herley, Cormac and Redmiles, Elissa M.},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3517613},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3517613},
	abstract     = {We know surprisingly little about the prevalence and severity of cybercrime in the U.S. Yet, in order to prioritize the development and distribution of advice and technology to protect end users, we require empirical evidence regarding cybercrime. Measuring crime, including cybercrime, is a challenging problem that relies on a combination of direct crime reports to the government – which have known issues of under-reporting – and assessment via carefully-designed self-report surveys. We report on the first large-scale, nationally representative academic survey (n=11,953) of consumer cybercrime experiences in the U.S. Our analysis answers four research questions: (1) What is the prevalence and (2) the monetary impact of these cybercrimes we measure in the U.S.?, (3) Do inequities exist in victimization?, and (4) Can we improve cybercrime measurement by leveraging social-reporting techniques used to measure physical crime? Our analysis also offers insight toward improving future measurement of cybercrime and protecting users.},
	articleno    = 122,
	numpages     = 41,
	keywords     = {network scale-up, digitial inequity, cybercrime}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3517580,
	title        = {Strategies for Fostering a Genuine Feeling of Connection in Technologically Mediated Systems},
	author       = {Stepanova, Ekaterina R. and Desnoyers-Stewart, John and H\"{o}\"{o}k, Kristina and Riecke, Bernhard E.},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3517580},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3517580},
	abstract     = {Human connection is essential for our personal well-being and a building block for a well-functioning society. There is a prominent interest in the potential of technology for mediating social connection, with a wealth of systems designed to foster the feeling of connection between strangers, friends, and family. By surveying this design landscape we present a transitional definition of mediated genuine connection and nine design strategies embodied within 50 design artifacts: affective self-disclosure, reflection on unity, shared embodied experience, transcendent emotions, embodied metaphors, interpersonal distance, touch, provocations, and play. In addition to drawing on design practice-based knowledge we also identify underlying psychological theories that can inform these strategies. We discuss design considerations pertaining to sensory modalities, vulnerability–comfort trade-offs, consent, situatedness in context, supporting diverse relationships, reciprocity, attention directedness, pursuing generalized knowledge, and questions of ethics. We hope to inspire and enrich designers’ understanding of the possibilities of technology to better support a mediated genuine feeling of connection.},
	articleno    = 139,
	numpages     = 26,
	keywords     = {design strategies, review, belonging, design considerations, genuine connection, social connection, intimacy}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3517534,
	title        = {“It Basically Started Using Me:” An Observational Study of Password Manager Usage},
	author       = {Oesch, Sean and Ruoti, Scott and Simmons, James and Gautam, Anuj},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3517534},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3517534},
	abstract     = {There is limited information regarding how users employ password managers in the wild and why they use them in that manner. To address this knowledge gap, we conduct observational interviews with 32 password manager users. Using grounded theory, we identify four theories describing the processes and rationale behind participants’ usage of password managers. We find that many users simultaneously use both a browser-based and a third-party manager, using each as a backup for the other, with this new paradigm having intriguing usability and security implications. Users also eschew generated passwords because these passwords are challenging to enter and remember when the manager is unavailable, necessitating new generators that create easy-to-enter and remember passwords. Additionally, the credential audits provided by most managers overwhelm users, limiting their utility and indicating a need for more proactive and streamlined notification systems. We also discuss mobile usage, adoption and promotion, and other related topics.},
	articleno    = 33,
	numpages     = 23,
	keywords     = {password manager, grounded theory, observational study}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3517480,
	title        = {I Don't Usually Listen, I Read: How Different Learner Groups Process Game Feedback},
	author       = {Gauthier, Andrea and Benton, Laura and Bunting, Leona and Herbert, Elisabeth and Sumner, Emma and Mavrikis, Manolis and Revesz, Andrea and Vasalou, Asimina},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3517480},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3517480},
	articleno    = 88,
	numpages     = 15,
	keywords     = {feedback, children, reading, game design, Learning games}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3502087,
	title        = {Promptiverse: Scalable Generation of Scaffolding Prompts Through Human-AI Hybrid Knowledge Graph Annotation},
	author       = {Lee, Yoonjoo and Chung, John Joon Young and Kim, Tae Soo and Song, Jean Y and Kim, Juho},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3502087},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3502087},
	abstract     = {Online learners are hugely diverse with varying prior knowledge, but most instructional videos online are created to be one-size-fits-all. Thus, learners may struggle to understand the content by only watching the videos. Providing scaffolding prompts can help learners overcome these struggles through questions and hints that relate different concepts in the videos and elicit meaningful learning. However, serving diverse learners would require a spectrum of scaffolding prompts, which incurs high authoring effort. In this work, we introduce Promptiverse, an approach for generating diverse, multi-turn scaffolding prompts at scale, powered by numerous traversal paths over knowledge graphs. To facilitate the construction of the knowledge graphs, we propose a hybrid human-AI annotation tool, Grannotate. In our study (N=24), participants produced 40 times more on-par quality prompts with higher diversity, through Promptiverse and Grannotate, compared to hand-designed prompts. Promptiverse presents a model for creating diverse and adaptive learning experiences online.},
	articleno    = 96,
	numpages     = 18,
	keywords     = {human-AI hybrid annotation, Scaffolding prompt, knowledge graph}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3502042,
	title        = {Learning to Denoise Raw Mobile UI Layouts for Improving Datasets at Scale},
	author       = {Li, Gang and Baechler, Gilles and Tragut, Manuel and Li, Yang},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3502042},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3502042},
	abstract     = {The layout of a mobile screen is a critical data source for UI design research and semantic understanding of the screen. However, UI layouts in existing datasets are often noisy, have mismatches with their visual representation, or consists of generic or app-specific types that are difficult to analyze and model. In this paper, we propose the CLAY pipeline that uses a deep learning approach for denoising UI layouts, allowing us to automatically improve existing mobile UI layout datasets at scale. Our pipeline takes both the screenshot and the raw UI layout, and annotates the raw layout by removing incorrect nodes and assigning a semantically meaningful type to each node. To experiment with our data-cleaning pipeline, we create the CLAY dataset of 59,555 human-annotated screen layouts, based on screenshots and raw layouts from Rico, a public mobile UI corpus. Our deep models achieve high accuracy with F1 scores of 82.7% for detecting layout objects that do not have a valid visual representation and 85.9% for recognizing object types, which significantly outperforms a heuristic baseline. Our work lays a foundation for creating large-scale high quality UI layout datasets for data-driven mobile UI research and reduces the need of manual labeling efforts that are prohibitively expensive.},
	articleno    = 67,
	numpages     = 13,
	keywords     = {Graph Neural Networks, Convolutional Neural Networks, mobile UI layouts, Datasets, Transformers, neural networks}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3502016,
	title        = {The Last Decade of HCI Research on Children and Voice-Based Conversational Agents},
	author       = {Garg, Radhika and Cui, Hua and Seligson, Spencer and Zhang, Bo and Porcheron, Martin and Clark, Leigh and Cowan, Benjamin R. and Beneteau, Erin},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3502016},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3502016},
	abstract     = {Voice-based Conversational Agents (CAs) are increasingly being used by children. Through a review of 38 research papers, this work maps trends, themes, and methods of empirical research on children and CAs in HCI research over the last decade. A thematic analysis of the research found that work in this domain focuses on seven key topics: ascribing human-like qualities to CAs, CAs? support of children?s learning, the use and role of CAs in the home and family context, CAs? support of children?s play, children?s storytelling with CA, issues concerning the collection of information revealed by CAs, and CAs designed for children with differing abilities. Based on our findings, we identify the needs to account for children’s intersectional identities and linguistic and cultural diversity and theories from multiple disciples in the design of CAs, develop heuristics for child-centric interaction with CAs, to investigate implications of CAs on social cognition and interpersonal relationships, and to examine and design for multi-party interactions with CAs for different domains and contexts.},
	articleno    = 149,
	numpages     = 19,
	keywords     = {literature review, smart speakers, virtual assistants, parents, voice agents, conversational agents, children, family, systematic literature review, voice user interfaces, voice interfaces}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3501979,
	title        = {“It Would Be Cool to Get Stampeded by Dinosaurs”: Analyzing Children's Conceptual Model of AR Headsets Through Co-Design},
	author       = {Woodward, Julia and Alemu, Feben and E. L\'{o}pez Adames, Natalia and Anthony, Lisa and C. Yip, Jason and Ruiz, Jaime},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3501979},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3501979},
	abstract     = {Children are being presented with augmented reality (AR) in different contexts, such as education and gaming. However, little is known about how children conceptualize AR, especially AR headsets. Prior work has shown that children's interaction behaviors and expectations of technological devices can be quite different from adults’. It is important to understand children's mental models of AR headsets to design more effective experiences for them. To elicit children's perceptions, we conducted four participatory design sessions with ten children on designing content for imaginary AR headsets. We found that children expect AR systems to be highly intelligent and to recognize and virtually transform surroundings to create immersive environments. Also, children are in favor of using these devices for difficult tasks but prefer to work on their own for easy tasks. Our work contributes new understanding on how children comprehend AR headsets and provides recommendations for designing future headsets for children.},
	articleno    = 152,
	numpages     = 13,
	keywords     = {children, Augmented reality, participatory design, conceptual model, co-design}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3501973,
	title        = {Zoom Obscura: Counterfunctional Design for Video-Conferencing},
	author       = {Elsden, Chris and Chatting, David and Duggan, Michael and Dwyer, Andrew Carl and Thornton, Pip},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3501973},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3501973},
	abstract     = {This paper reports on Zoom Obscura – an artist-based design research project, responding to the ubiquity of video-conferencing as a technical and cultural phenomenon throughout the Covid-19 pandemic. As enterprise software, such as Zoom, rapidly came to mediate even the most personal and intimate interactions, we supported and collaborated with seven independent artists to explore technical and creative interventions in video-conferencing. Our call for participation sought critical interventions that would help users counter, and regain agency in regard to the various ways in which personal data is captured, transmitted and processed in video-conferencing tools. In this design study, we analyse post-hoc how each of the seven projects employed aspects of counterfunctional design to achieve these aims. Each project reveals different avenues and strategies for counterfunctionality in video-conferencing software, as well as opportunities to design critically towards interactions and experiences that challenge existing norms and expectations around these platforms.},
	articleno    = 143,
	numpages     = 17,
	keywords     = {Covid-19, Counterfunctional Design, Surveillance, Zoom, Design Research, Video Conferencing}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3501947,
	title        = {Human-GDPR Interaction: Practical Experiences of Accessing Personal Data},
	author       = {Bowyer, Alex and Holt, Jack and Go Jefferies, Josephine and Wilson, Rob and Kirk, David and David Smeddinck, Jan},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3501947},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3501947},
	abstract     = {In our data-centric world, most services rely on collecting and using personal data. The EU's General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) aims to enhance individuals’ control over their data, but its practical impact is not well understood. We present a 10-participant study, where each participant filed 4-5 data access requests. Through interviews accompanying these requests and discussions scrutinising returned data, it appears that GDPR falls short of its goals due to non-compliance and low-quality responses. Participants found their hopes to understand providers’ data practices or harness their own data unmet. This causes increased distrust without any subjective improvement in power, although more transparent providers do earn greater trust. We propose designing more effective, data-inclusive and open policies and data access systems to improve both customer relations and individual agency, and also that wider public use of GDPR rights could help with delivering accountability and motivating providers to improve data practices.},
	articleno    = 106,
	numpages     = 19,
	keywords     = {open data, data portability, HDI, information access, human-data interaction, data collection, user empowerment, privacy, GDPR, trust, participatory action research, digital rights, personal data, information literacy}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3501939,
	title        = {Making Data Tangible: A Cross-Disciplinary Design Space for Data Physicalization},
	author       = {Bae, S. Sandra and Zheng, Clement and West, Mary Etta and Do, Ellen Yi-Luen and Huron, Samuel and Szafir, Danielle Albers},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3501939},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3501939},
	abstract     = {Designing a data physicalization requires a myriad of different considerations. Despite the cross-disciplinary nature of these considerations, research currently lacks a synthesis across the different communities data physicalization sits upon, including their approaches, theories, and even terminologies. To bridge these communities synergistically, we present a design space that describes and analyzes physicalizations according to three facets: context (end-user considerations), structure (the physical structure of the artifact), and interactions (interactions with both the artifact and data). We construct this design space through a systematic review of 47 physicalizations and analyze the interrelationships of key factors when designing a physicalization. This design space cross-pollinates knowledge from relevant HCI communities, providing a cohesive overview of what designers should consider when creating a data physicalization while suggesting new design possibilities. We analyze the design decisions present in current physicalizations, discuss emerging trends, and identify underlying open challenges.},
	articleno    = 81,
	numpages     = 18,
	keywords     = {design, data physicalization, design space, data visualization, tangible user interface}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3501928,
	title        = {GAN’SDA Wrap: Geographic And Network Structured DAta on Surfaces That Wrap Around},
	author       = {Chen, Kun-Ting and Dwyer, Tim and Yang, Yalong and Bach, Benjamin and Marriott, Kim},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3501928},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3501928},
	abstract     = {There are many methods for projecting spherical maps onto the plane. Interactive versions of these projections allow the user to centre the region of interest. However, the effects of such interaction have not previously been evaluated. In a study with 120 participants we find interaction provides significantly more accurate area, direction and distance estimation in such projections. The surface of 3D sphere and torus topologies provides a continuous surface for uninterrupted network layout. But how best to project spherical network layouts to 2D screens has not been studied, nor have such spherical network projections been compared to torus projections. Using the most successful interactive sphere projections from our first study, we compare spherical, standard and toroidal layouts of networks for cluster and path following tasks with 96 participants, finding benefits for both spherical and toroidal layouts over standard network layouts in terms of accuracy for cluster understanding tasks.},
	articleno    = 135,
	numpages     = 16,
	keywords     = {Crowdsourced study., Graph visualization, Geographic visualization, Map projection}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3501866,
	title        = {Algorithmic Management Reimagined For Workers and By Workers: Centering Worker Well-Being in Gig Work},
	author       = {Zhang, Angie and Boltz, Alexander and Wang, Chun Wei and Lee, Min Kyung},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3501866},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3501866},
	abstract     = {Prior research has studied the detrimental impact of algorithmic management on gig workers and strategies that workers devise in response. However, little work has investigated alternative platform designs to promote worker well-being, particularly from workers’ own perspectives. We use a participatory design approach wherein workers explore their algorithmic imaginaries to co-design interventions that center their lived experiences, preferences, and well-being in algorithmic management. Our interview and participatory design sessions highlight how various design dimensions of algorithmic management, including information asymmetries and unfair, manipulative incentives, hurt worker well-being. Workers generate designs to address these issues while considering competing interests of the platforms, customers, and themselves, such as information translucency, incentives co-configured by workers and platforms, worker-centered data-driven insights for well-being, and collective driver data sharing. Our work offers a case study that responds to a call for designing worker-centered digital work and contributes to emerging literature on algorithmic work.},
	articleno    = 14,
	numpages     = 20,
	keywords     = {worker-centered work design, participatory design, worker well-being, gig work, Algorithmic management}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3517730,
	title        = {Light-In-Light-Out (Li-Lo) Displays: Harvesting and Manipulating Light to Provide Novel Forms of Communication},
	author       = {Seunarine, Krishna and Kalarikalayil Raju, Dani and Thomas, Gethin and Thomas, Suzanne K and Pockett, Adam and Reitmaier, Thomas and Steer, Cameron and Owen, Tom and Meena, Yogesh Kumar and Robinson, Simon and Pearson, Jennifer and Carnie, Matt and Sahoo, Deepak Ranjan and Jones, Matt},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3517730},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3517730},
	abstract     = {Many of us daily encounter shadow and reflected light patterns alongside macro-level changes in ambient light levels. These are caused by elements—opaque objects, glass, mirrors, even clouds—in our environment interfacing with sunlight or artificial indoor lighting. Inspired by these phenomena, we explored ways of creating digitally-supported displays that use light, shade and reflection for output and harness the energy they need to operate from the sun or indoor ambient light. Through a set of design workshops we developed exemplar devices: SolarPix, ShadMo and GlowBoard. We detail their function and implementation, as well as evidencing their technical viability. The designs were informed by material understandings from the Global North and Global South and demonstrated in a cross-cultural workshop run in parallel in India and South Africa where community co-designers reflected on their uses and value given lived experience of their communication practices and unreliable energy networks.},
	articleno    = 46,
	numpages     = 15,
	keywords     = {public displays., ambient devices / internet of things, Sustainability}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3517713,
	title        = {Flavorium: An Exploration of Flavobacteria’s Living Aesthetics for Living Color Interfaces},
	author       = {Groutars, Eduard Georges and Risseeuw, Carmen Clarice and Ingham, Colin and Hamidjaja, Raditijo and Elkhuizen, Willemijn S. and Pont, Sylvia C. and Karana, Elvin},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3517713},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3517713},
	abstract     = {Flavobacteria, which can be found in marine environments, are able to grow in highly organized colonies producing vivid iridescent colorations. While much is known about the biology of these organisms, their design potential as responsive media in user interfaces has not been explored. Our paper aims at bridging this gap by providing insights into the type, degree, and duration of change in Flavobacteria’s expression, i.e., their living aesthetics. We present a tool to capture and characterize these changes concerning form, texture and iridescent color. To support the long-term study of their living aesthetics, we designed Flavorium. This bio-digital artifact provides the necessary habitat conditions for Flavobacteria to thrive for a month. Granting insights into the responsive behavior of this organism, this work presents a design space, vocabulary, and application concepts to inspire HCI and design scholars to investigate the complex temporal qualities of living media for future user interfaces.},
	articleno    = 99,
	numpages     = 19,
	keywords     = {Biological HCI, Living Aesthetics, Living Media Interfaces, Flavobacteria, Iridescent Color}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3517702,
	title        = {Understanding Multi-Device Usage Patterns: Physical Device Configurations and Fragmented Workflows},
	author       = {Yuan, Ye and Riche, Nathalie and Marquardt, Nicolai and Nicholas, Molly Jane and Seyed, Teddy and Romat, Hugo and Lee, Bongshin and Pahud, Michel and Goldstein, Jonathan and Vishkaie, Rojin and Holz, Christian and Hinckley, Ken},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3517702},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3517702},
	abstract     = {To better ground technical (systems) investigation and interaction design of cross-device experiences, we contribute an in-depth survey of existing multi-device practices, including fragmented workflows across devices and the way people physically organize and configure their workspaces to support such activity. Further, this survey documents a historically significant moment of transition to a new future of remote work, an existing trend dramatically accelerated by the abrupt switch to work-from-home (and having to contend with the demands of home-at-work) during the COVID-19 pandemic. We surveyed 97 participants, and collected photographs of home setups and open-ended answers to 50 questions categorized in 5 themes. We characterize the wide range of multi-device physical configurations and identify five usage patterns, including: partitioning tasks, integrating multi-device usage, cloning tasks to other devices, expanding tasks and inputs to multiple devices, and migrating between devices. Our analysis also sheds light on the benefits and challenges people face when their workflow is fragmented across multiple devices. These insights have implications for the design of multi-device experiences that support people’s fragmented workflows.},
	articleno    = 64,
	numpages     = 22,
	keywords     = {multi-device, cross-device computing, distributed user interfaces}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3517676,
	title        = {AvatAR: An Immersive Analysis Environment for Human Motion Data Combining Interactive 3D Avatars and Trajectories},
	author       = {Reipschl\"{a}ger, Patrick and Brudy, Frederik and Dachselt, Raimund and Matejka, Justin and Fitzmaurice, George and Anderson, Fraser},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3517676},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3517676},
	abstract     = {Analysis of human motion data can reveal valuable insights about the utilization of space and interaction of humans with their environment. To support this, we present AvatAR, an immersive analysis environment for the in-situ visualization of human motion data, that combines 3D trajectories with virtual avatars showing people’s detailed movement and posture. Additionally, we describe how visualizations can be embedded directly into the environment, showing what a person looked at or what surfaces they touched, and how the avatar’s body parts can be used to access and manipulate those visualizations. AvatAR combines an AR HMD with a tablet to provide both mid-air and touch interaction for system control, as well as an additional overview device to help users navigate the environment. We implemented a prototype and present several scenarios to show that AvatAR can enhance the analysis of human motion data by making data not only explorable, but experienceable.},
	articleno    = 23,
	numpages     = 15,
	keywords     = {Immersive Analytics, In-situ visualisation, human motion data, motion analysis, analysing space utilization, augmented/mixed reality}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3517660,
	title        = {The Impact of Latency on Navigation in a First-Person Perspective Game},
	author       = {Liu, Shengmei and Claypool, Mark},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3517660},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3517660},
	abstract     = {Competitive first-person shooter games are played over a network, where latency can degrade player performance. To better understand latency’s impact, a promising approach is to study how latency affects individual game actions, such as moving and shooting. While target selection (aiming and shooting at an opponent) is fairly well studied, navigation (moving an avatar into position) is not. This paper presents results from a 30-person user study that evaluates the impact of latency on first-person navigation using a custom “hide and seek” game that isolates avatar movement in a manner intended to be similar to movement in a first-person shooter game. Analysis of the results shows latency has pronounced effects on player performance (score and seek positioning), with subjective opinions on Quality of Experience following suit.},
	articleno    = 154,
	numpages     = 11,
	keywords     = {navigation, user study, lag, skill, gamer, FPS}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3517615,
	title        = {Telling Stories from Computational Notebooks: AI-Assisted Presentation Slides Creation for Presenting Data Science Work},
	author       = {Zheng, Chengbo and Wang, Dakuo and Wang, April Yi and Ma, Xiaojuan},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3517615},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3517615},
	abstract     = {Creating presentation slides is a critical but time-consuming task for data scientists. While researchers have proposed many AI techniques to lift data scientists’ burden on data preparation and model selection, few have targeted the presentation creation task. Based on the needs identified from a formative study, this paper presents NB2Slides, an AI system that facilitates users to compose presentations of their data science work. NB2Slides uses deep learning methods as well as example-based prompts to generate slides from computational notebooks, and take users’ input (e.g., audience background) to structure the slides. NB2Slides also provides an interactive visualization that links the slides with the notebook to help users further edit the slides. A follow-up user evaluation with 12 data scientists shows that participants believed NB2Slides can improve efficiency and reduces the complexity of creating slides. Yet, participants questioned the future of full automation and suggested a human-AI collaboration paradigm.},
	articleno    = 53,
	numpages     = 20,
	keywords     = {computational notebook, slides generation}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3517610,
	title        = {Two Heads Are Better Than One: A Dimension Space for Unifying Human and Artificial Intelligence in Shared Control},
	author       = {Cimolino, Gabriele and Graham, T.C. Nicholas},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3517610},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3517610},
	abstract     = {Shared control is an emerging interaction paradigm in which a human and an AI partner collaboratively control a system. Shared control unifies human and artificial intelligence, making the human’s interactions with computers more accessible, safe, precise, effective, creative, and playful. This form of interaction has independently emerged in contexts as varied as mobility assistance, driving, surgery, and digital games. These domains each have their own problems, terminology, and design philosophies. Without a common language for describing interactions in shared control, it is difficult for designers working in one domain to share their knowledge with designers working in another. To address this problem, we present a dimension space for shared control, based on a survey of 55 shared control systems from six different problem domains. This design space analysis tool enables designers to classify existing systems, make comparisons between them, identify higher-level design patterns, and imagine solutions to novel problems.},
	articleno    = 8,
	numpages     = 21,
	keywords     = {Human-Machine Cooperation, Shared Control, Design Space Analysis}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3517609,
	title        = {Have We Taken On Too Much?: A Critical Review of the Sustainable HCI Landscape},
	author       = {Bremer, Christina and Knowles, Bran and Friday, Adrian},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3517609},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3517609},
	abstract     = {By CHI 2022, fifteen years will have passed since the emergence of Sustainable HCI (SHCI), which now constitutes an important subfield of HCI. In this paper, we draw on two SHCI corpora to ask: Has SHCI progressed? How has the field responded to prominent critiques? Have we identified and adopted constructive strategies for impacting environmental unsustainability? We further show the wide array of competencies SHCI researchers have been called to develop, and how this has been reflected in subsequent work. Our analysis identifies significant shifts in the SHCI landscape, toward research that is diverse and holistic, but also away from efforts to address the urgent climate crisis. We posit that SHCI has tended to take on far more than it could reasonably expect to deliver, and propose ‘Green Policy informatics’ as a pathway that enables SHCI to leverage a more traditional HCI skillset in addressing climate change.},
	articleno    = 41,
	numpages     = 11,
	keywords     = {Reflective HCI, Policy, Sustainable HCI, Climate Change, Sustainability}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3517595,
	title        = {Does Mode of Digital Contact Tracing Affect User Willingness to Share Information? A Quantitative Study},
	author       = {Zakaria, Camellia and Foong, Pin Sym and Lim, Chang Siang and V. S. Pakianathan, Pavithren and Koh, Gerald Huat Choon and Perrault, Simon Tangi},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3517595},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3517595},
	abstract     = {Digital contact tracing can limit the spread of infectious diseases. Nevertheless, barriers remain to attain sufficient adoption. In this study, we investigate how willingness to participate in contact tracing is affected by two critical factors: the modes of data collection and the type of data collected. We conducted a scenario-based survey study among 220 respondents in the United States (U.S.) to understand their perceptions about contact tracing associated with automated and manual contact tracing methods. The findings indicate a promising use of smartphones and a combination of public health officials and medical health records as information sources. Through a quantitative analysis, we describe how different modalities and individual demographic factors may affect user compliance when participants are asked to provide four key information pieces for contact tracing.},
	articleno    = 77,
	numpages     = 18,
	keywords     = {willingness, pandemic, trust, contact tracing, public health}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3517530,
	title        = {Negative Emotions, Positive Outcomes? Exploring the Communication of Negativity in Serious Data Stories},
	author       = {Lan, Xingyu and Wu, Yanqiu and Shi, Yang and Chen, Qing and Cao, Nan},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3517530},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3517530},
	abstract     = {Recent work has highlighted that emotion is key to the user experience with data stories. However, limited attention has been paid to negative emotions specifically. This work investigates the outcomes of negative emotions in the context of serious data stories and examines how they can be augmented by design methods from the perspectives of both storytellers and viewers. First, we conducted a workshop with 9 data story experts to understand the possible benefits of eliciting negative emotions in serious data stories and 19 potential design methods that contribute to negative emotions. Based on the findings from the workshop, we then conducted a lab study with 35 participants to explore the outcomes of eliciting negative emotions as well as the effectiveness of the design methods. The results indicated that negative emotions mainly facilitated contemplative experiences and long-term memory. Besides, the design methods showed varied effectiveness in augmenting negative emotions and being recalled.},
	articleno    = 28,
	numpages     = 14,
	keywords     = {user experience, affective design, data storytelling}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3517520,
	title        = {Obfuscation Remedies Harms Arising from Content Flagging of Photos},
	author       = {Li, Yifang and Caine, Kelly},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3517520},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3517520},
	abstract     = {People share photos on Social Networks Sites, but at the same time want to keep some photo content private. This tension between sharing and privacy has led researchers to try to solve this problem, but without considering users’ needs. To fill this gap, we present a novel interface that expands privacy options beyond recipient-control (R). Our system can also flag sensitive content (C) and obfuscate (O) it (RCO). We then describe the results of a two-step experiment that compares RCO with two alternative interfaces - (R) which mimics existing SNS privacy options by providing recipient control, and a system that in addition to recipient control also flags sensitive content (RC). Results suggest RC performs worse than R regarding perceived privacy risks, willingness to share, and user experience. However, RCO, which provides obfuscation options, restores these metrics to the same levels as R. We conclude by providing insights on system implementation.},
	articleno    = 35,
	numpages     = 25,
	keywords     = {sensitive content, user experience, photo obfuscation, photo privacy, privacy, security}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3517445,
	title        = {Understanding Visual Investigation Patterns Through Digital “Field” Observations},
	author       = {Rae, Irene and Zhou, Feng and Bilsing, Martin and Bunge, Philipp},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3517445},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3517445},
	abstract     = {An extensive body of work in visual analytics has examined how users conduct analyses in scientific and academic settings, identifying and categorizing user goals and the actions they undertake to achieve them. However, most of this work has studied the analysis process in simulated or isolated environments, leading to a gap in connecting these findings to large-scale business (enterprise) contexts, where visual analysis is most needed to make sense of the large amounts of data being generated. In this work, we conducted digital ”field” observations to understand how users conduct visual analyses in an enterprise setting, where they operate within a large ecosystem of systems and people. From these observations, we identified four common objectives, six recurring visual investigation patterns, and five emergent themes. We also performed a quantitative analysis of logs over 2530 user sessions from a second visual analysis product to validate that our patterns were not product-specific.},
	articleno    = 136,
	numpages     = 16,
	keywords     = {visual interaction, interaction techniques, information visualization, visual analytics, interaction}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3517434,
	title        = {Scaling Creative Inspiration with Fine-Grained Functional Aspects of Ideas},
	author       = {Hope, Tom and Tamari, Ronen and Hershcovich, Daniel and Kang, Hyeonsu B and Chan, Joel and Kittur, Aniket and Shahaf, Dafna},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3517434},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3517434},
	abstract     = {Large repositories of products, patents and scientific papers offer an opportunity for building systems that scour millions of ideas and help users discover inspirations. However, idea descriptions are typically in the form of unstructured text, lacking key structure that is required for supporting creative innovation interactions. Prior work has explored idea representations that were either limited in expressivity, required significant manual effort from users, or dependent on curated knowledge bases with poor coverage. We explore a novel representation that automatically breaks up products into fine-grained functional aspects capturing the purposes and mechanisms of ideas, and use it to support important creative innovation interactions: functional search for ideas, and exploration of the design space around a focal problem by viewing related problem perspectives pooled from across many products. In user studies, our approach boosts the quality of creative search and inspirations, substantially outperforming strong baselines by 50-60%.},
	articleno    = 12,
	numpages     = 15
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3502139,
	title        = {The Normal Natural Troubles of Virtual Reality in Mixed-Reality Performances},
	author       = {Rostami, Asreen and McMillan, Donald},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3502139},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3502139},
	abstract     = {Performing with technology is a complex and challenging task. Artists who use novel technologies, such as Virtual Reality, have to develop strategies of monitoring, maintenance, and recovery from errors with as minimal impact on the ongoing performance as possible. In this paper we draw on two case studies of mixed-reality performances and document strategies of Stage Managing VR Performance, Choreographing for Cables, Consistency & Charging, Improvising Interventions, and Priming Participants. We discuss how these practices expose areas ripe with potential for tool development, and how they can also be used to inform the design of interaction with other technologies, such as the Internet of Things.},
	articleno    = 132,
	numpages     = 22,
	keywords     = {Mixed-reality performance, Artistic Interaction, Virtual Reality}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3502138,
	title        = {Annotating Line Charts for Addressing Deception},
	author       = {Fan, Arlen and Ma, Yuxin and Mancenido, Michelle and Maciejewski, Ross},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3502138},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3502138},
	abstract     = {Deceptive visualizations are visualizations that, whether intentionally or not, lead the reader to an understanding of the data which varies from the actual data. Examples of deceptive visualizations can be found in every digital platform, and, despite their widespread use in the wild, there have been limited efforts to alert laypersons to common deceptive visualization practices. In this paper, we present a tool for annotating line charts in the wild that reads line chart images and outputs text and visual annotations to assess the line charts for distortions and help guide the reader towards an honest understanding of the chart data. We demonstrate the usefulness of our tool through a series of case studies on real-world charts. Finally, we perform a crowdsourced experiment to evaluate the ability of the proposed tool to educate readers about potentially deceptive visualization practices.},
	articleno    = 80,
	numpages     = 12,
	keywords     = {visual literacy, educational tools, deceptive visualization}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3502115,
	title        = {“I Didn’t Catch That, But I’ll Try My Best”: Anticipatory Error Handling in a Voice Controlled Game},
	author       = {Zargham, Nima and Pfau, Johannes and Schnackenberg, Tobias and Malaka, Rainer},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3502115},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3502115},
	abstract     = {Advances in speech recognition, language processing and natural interaction have led to an increased industrial and academic interest. While the robustness and usability of such systems are steadily increasing, speech-based systems are still susceptible to recognition errors. This makes intelligent error handling of utmost importance for the success of those systems. In this work, we integrated anticipatory error handling for a voice-controlled video game where the game would perform a locally optimized action in respect to goal completion and obstacle avoidance, when a command is not recognized. We evaluated the user experience of our approach versus traditional, repetition-based error handling (). Our results indicate that implementing anticipatory error handling can improve the usability of a system, if it follows the intention of the user. Otherwise, it impairs the user experience, even when deciding for technically optimal decisions.},
	articleno    = 153,
	numpages     = 13,
	keywords     = {Voice User Interfaces, Voice-Controlled Game, Error Handling, Game Design, Speech-Based Systems, Voice Interaction}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3502105,
	title        = {ControllerPose: Inside-Out Body Capture with VR Controller Cameras},
	author       = {Ahuja, Karan and Shen, Vivian and Fang, Cathy Mengying and Riopelle, Nathan and Kong, Andy and Harrison, Chris},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3502105},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3502105},
	abstract     = {We present a new and practical method for capturing user body pose in virtual reality experiences: integrating cameras into handheld controllers, where batteries, computation and wireless communication already exist. By virtue of the hands operating in front of the user during many VR interactions, our controller-borne cameras can capture a superior view of the body for digitization. Our pipeline composites multiple camera views together, performs 3D body pose estimation, uses this data to control a rigged human model with inverse kinematics, and exposes the resulting user avatar to end user applications. We developed a series of demo applications illustrating the potential of our approach and more leg-centric interactions, such as balancing games and kicking soccer balls. We describe our proof-of-concept hardware and software, as well as results from our user study, which point to imminent feasibility.},
	articleno    = 108,
	numpages     = 13,
	keywords     = {Motion Capture, Virtual Reality, Pose Tracking}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3502070,
	title        = {An Exploratory Study of Sharing Strategic Programming Knowledge},
	author       = {Arab, Maryam and LaToza, Thomas D. and Liang, Jenny and Ko, Amy J.},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3502070},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3502070},
	abstract     = {In many domains, strategic knowledge is documented and shared through checklists and handbooks. In software engineering, however, developers rarely share strategic knowledge for approaching programming problems, in contrast to other artifacts and despite its importance to productivity and success. To understand barriers to sharing, we simulated a programming strategy knowledge-sharing platform, asking experienced developers to articulate a programming strategy and others to use these strategies while providing feedback. Throughout, we asked strategy authors and users to reflect on the challenges they faced. Our analysis revealed that developers could share strategic knowledge. However, they struggled in choosing a level of detail and understanding the diversity of the potential audience. While authors required substantial feedback, users struggled to give it and authors to interpret it. Our results suggest that sharing strategic knowledge differs from sharing code and raises challenging questions about how knowledge-sharing platforms should support search and feedback.},
	articleno    = 66,
	numpages     = 15,
	keywords     = {Knowledge sharing, Programming strategies}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3502066,
	title        = {Public Views on Digital COVID-19 Certificates: A Mixed Methods User Study},
	author       = {Nurgalieva, Leysan and Ryan, Seamus and Balaskas, Andreas and Lindqvist, Janne and Doherty, Gavin},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3502066},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3502066},
	abstract     = {The COVID-19 pandemic has led governments worldwide to introduce various measures restricting human activity and mobility. Along with the administration of COVID-19 vaccinations and rapid testing, socio-technological solutions such as digital COVID-19 certificates have been considered as a strategy to lessen these restrictions and allow the resumption of routine activities. Using a mixed-methods approach – a survey (n=1008) and 27 semi-structured interviews – this study explores the attitudes of residents in the Republic of Ireland towards the idea of introducing digital COVID-19 certificates. We examine the topics of acceptability, fairness, security and privacy of COVID-related personal data, and practical considerations for implementation. Our study reveals the conditional and contextual nature of the acceptability of digital certificates, identifying specific factors that affect it, associated data practices, and related public concerns and expectations of such technologies.},
	articleno    = 75,
	numpages     = 28,
	keywords     = {COVID certificate, fairness, COVID-19, security, digital health, privacy}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3502032,
	title        = {Caught in the Network: The Impact of WhatsApp’s 2021 Privacy Policy Update on Users’ Messaging App Ecosystems},
	author       = {Griggio, Carla F. and Nouwens, Midas and Klokmose, Clemens Nylandsted},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3502032},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3502032},
	abstract     = {In January 2021, WhatsApp announced an update to their privacy policy, sparking an outcry that saw millions of users install other messaging apps such as Telegram and Signal. This presented a rare opportunity to study users’ experiences when trying to leave the world’s most popular communication app. We conducted surveys in February and May with 1525 WhatsApp users from Mexico, Spain, South Africa, and the United Kingdom. Over a quarter wanted to switch at least part of their communication to other apps, but 74% of them failed to do so. By May, 27% had increased their use of other apps, and only 16% used WhatsApp less. Beyond network effects, users struggled with making informed choices of alternative apps and with differences in their design and functionality. We suggest messaging interoperability as an approach to alleviate switching costs and discuss implications for HCI research and competition regulation of digital services.},
	articleno    = 104,
	numpages     = 23,
	keywords     = {Computer-Mediated Communication (CMC), WhatsApp, Ecosystems of Communication Apps, Interoperability, Messaging Apps, Policy, Privacy, Competition Regulation}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3502023,
	title        = {Speeding up Inference with User Simulators through Policy Modulation},
	author       = {Moon, Hee-Seung and Do, Seungwon and Kim, Wonjae and Seo, Jiwon and Chang, Minsuk and Lee, Byungjoo},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3502023},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3502023},
	abstract     = {The simulation of user behavior with deep reinforcement learning agents has shown some recent success. However, the inverse problem, that is, inferring the free parameters of the simulator from observed user behaviors, remains challenging to solve. This is because the optimization of the new action policy of the simulated agent, which is required whenever the model parameters change, is computationally impractical. In this study, we introduce a network modulation technique that can obtain a generalized policy that immediately adapts to the given model parameters. Further, we demonstrate that the proposed technique improves the efficiency of user simulator-based inference by eliminating the need to obtain an action policy for novel model parameters. We validated our approach using the latest user simulator for point-and-click behavior. Consequently, we succeeded in inferring the user’s cognitive parameters and intrinsic reward settings with less than 1/1000 computational power to those of existing methods.},
	articleno    = 38,
	numpages     = 21,
	keywords     = {inverse modeling, simulation model, point-and-click}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3502004,
	title        = {Jury Learning: Integrating Dissenting Voices into Machine Learning Models},
	author       = {Gordon, Mitchell L. and Lam, Michelle S. and Park, Joon Sung and Patel, Kayur and Hancock, Jeff and Hashimoto, Tatsunori and Bernstein, Michael S.},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3502004},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3502004},
	abstract     = {Whose labels should a machine learning (ML) algorithm learn to emulate? For ML tasks ranging from online comment toxicity to misinformation detection to medical diagnosis, different groups in society may have irreconcilable disagreements about ground truth labels. Supervised ML today resolves these label disagreements implicitly using majority vote, which overrides minority groups’ labels. We introduce jury learning, a supervised ML approach that resolves these disagreements explicitly through the metaphor of a jury: defining which people or groups, in what proportion, determine the classifier’s prediction. For example, a jury learning model for online toxicity might centrally feature women and Black jurors, who are commonly targets of online harassment. To enable jury learning, we contribute a deep learning architecture that models every annotator in a dataset, samples from annotators’ models to populate the jury, then runs inference to classify. Our architecture enables juries that dynamically adapt their composition, explore counterfactuals, and visualize dissent. A field evaluation finds that practitioners construct diverse juries that alter 14% of classification outcomes.},
	articleno    = 115,
	numpages     = 19
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3501972,
	title        = {How Do You Converse with an Analytical Chatbot? Revisiting Gricean Maxims for Designing Analytical Conversational Behavior},
	author       = {Setlur, Vidya and Tory, Melanie},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3501972},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3501972},
	abstract     = {Chatbots have garnered interest as conversational interfaces for a variety of tasks. While general design guidelines exist for chatbot interfaces, little work explores analytical chatbots that support conversing with data. We explore Gricean Maxims to help inform the basic design of effective conversational interaction. We also draw inspiration from natural language interfaces for data exploration to support ambiguity and intent handling. We ran Wizard of Oz studies with 30 participants to evaluate user expectations for text and voice chatbot design variants. Results identified preferences for intent interpretation and revealed variations in user expectations based on the interface affordances. We subsequently conducted an exploratory analysis of three analytical chatbot systems (text + chart, voice + chart, voice-only) that implement these preferred design variants. Empirical evidence from a second 30-participant study informs implications specific to data-driven conversation such as interpreting intent, data orientation, and establishing trust through appropriate system responses.},
	articleno    = 29,
	numpages     = 17,
	keywords     = {refinement., repair, visual analysis, chatbots, ambiguity, intent}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3501912,
	title        = {What is Your Current Mindset?},
	author       = {Viswanathan, Sruthi and Omidvar-Tehrani, Behrooz and Renders, Jean-Michel},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3501912},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3501912},
	abstract     = {Is recommendation the new search? Recommender systems have shortened the search for information in everyday activities such as following the news, media, and shopping. In this paper, we address the challenges of capturing the situational needs of the user and linking them to the available datasets with the concept of Mindsets. Mindsets are categories such as “I’m hungry” and “Surprise me” designed to lead the users to explicitly state their intent, control the recommended content, save time, get inspired, and gain shortcuts for a satisficing exploration of POI recommendations. In our methodology, we first compiled Mindsets with a card sorting workshop and a formative evaluation. Using the insights gathered from potential end users, we then quantified Mindsets by linking them to POI utility measures using approximated lexicographic multi-objective optimisation. Finally, we ran a summative evaluation of Mindsets and derived guidelines for designing novel categories for recommender systems.},
	articleno    = 116,
	numpages     = 17,
	keywords     = {Multi-objective optimisation., Category-based interface, Mindsets, Satisficing, urban exploration, POI exploration, POI recommendation}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3501907,
	title        = {A Model Predictive Control Approach for Reach Redirection in Virtual Reality},
	author       = {Gonzalez, Eric J and Chase, Elyse D. Z. and Kotipalli, Pramod and Follmer, Sean},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3501907},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3501907},
	abstract     = {Reach redirection is an illusion-based virtual reality (VR) interaction technique where a user’s virtual hand is shifted during a reach in order to guide their real hand to a physical location. Prior works have not considered the underlying sensorimotor processes driving redirection. In this work, we propose adapting a sensorimotor model for goal-directed reach to obtain a model for visually-redirected reach, specifically by incorporating redirection as a sensory bias in the state estimate used by a minimum jerk motion controller. We validate and then leverage this model to develop a Model Predictive Control (MPC) approach for reach redirection, enabling the real-time generation of spatial warping according to desired optimization criteria (e.g., redirection goals) and constraints (e.g., sensory thresholds). We illustrate this approach with two example criteria – redirection to a desired point and redirection along a desired path – and compare our approach against existing techniques in a user evaluation.},
	articleno    = 39,
	numpages     = 15,
	keywords     = {Model Predictive Control, Optimization, Redirection, Haptic Retargeting, Virtual Reality, Reach}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3501899,
	title        = {“I Don’t Even Remember What I Read”: How Design Influences Dissociation on Social Media},
	author       = {Baughan, Amanda and Zhang, Mingrui Ray and Rao, Raveena and Lukoff, Kai and Schaadhardt, Anastasia and Butler, Lisa D. and Hiniker, Alexis},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3501899},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3501899},
	abstract     = {Many people have experienced mindlessly scrolling on social media. We investigated these experiences through the lens of normative dissociation: total cognitive absorption, characterized by diminished self-awareness and reduced sense of agency. To explore user experiences of normative dissociation and how design affects the likelihood of normative dissociation, we deployed Chirp, a custom Twitter client, to 43 U.S. participants. Experience sampling and interviews revealed that sometimes, becoming absorbed in normative dissociation on social media felt like a beneficial break. However, people also reported passively slipping into normative dissociation, such that they failed to absorb any content and were left feeling like they had wasted their time. We found that designed interventions–including custom lists, reading history labels, time limit dialogs, and usage statistics–reduced normative dissociation. Our findings demonstrate that interaction designs intended to capture attention likely do so by harnessing people’s natural inclination to seek normative dissociation experiences. This suggests that normative dissociation may be a more productive framing than addiction for discussing social media overuse.},
	articleno    = 18,
	numpages     = 13,
	keywords     = {design, social media addiction, dissociation, normative dissociation, social media}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3501893,
	title        = {Juvenile Graphical Perception: A Comparison between Children and Adults},
	author       = {Panavas, Liudas and Worth, Amy E. and Crnovrsanin, Tarik and Sathyamurthi, Tejas and Cordes, Sara and Borkin, Michelle A. and Dunne, Cody},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3501893},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3501893},
	abstract     = {Data visualization is pervasive in the lives of children as they encounter graphs and charts in early education and online media. In spite of this prevalence, our guidelines and understanding of how children perceive graphs stem primarily from studies conducted with adults. Previous psychology and education research indicates that children’s cognitive abilities are different from adults. Therefore, we conducted a classic graphical perception study on a population of children aged 8–12 enrolled in the Ivy After School Program in Boston, MA and adult computer science students enrolled in Northeastern University to determine how accurately participants judge differences in particular graphical encodings. We record the accuracy of participants’ answers for five encodings most commonly used with quantitative data. The results of our controlled experiment show that children have remarkably similar graphical perception to adults, but are consistently less accurate at interpreting the visual encodings. We found similar effectiveness rankings, relative differences in error between the different encodings, and patterns of bias across encoding types. Based on our findings, we provide design guidelines and recommendations for creating visualizations for children. This paper and all supplemental materials are available at https://osf.io/ygrdv.},
	articleno    = 138,
	numpages     = 14,
	keywords     = {Graphical Perception, Data Visualization, Visualization Literacy}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3501955,
	title        = {The Unboxing Experience: Exploration and Design of Initial Interactions Between Children and Social Robots},
	author       = {Lee, Christine P and Cagiltay, Bengisu and Mutlu, Bilge},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3501955},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3501955},
	abstract     = {Social robots are increasingly introduced into children’s lives as educational and social companions, yet little is known about how these products might best be introduced to their environments. The emergence of the “unboxing” phenomenon in media suggests that introduction is key to technology adoption where initial impressions are made. To better understand this phenomenon toward designing a positive unboxing experience in the context of social robots for children, we conducted three field studies with families of children aged 8 to 13: (1) an exploratory free-play activity (n = 12); (2) a co-design session (n = 11) that informed the development of a prototype box and a curated unboxing experience; and (3) a user study (n = 9) that evaluated children’s experiences. Our findings suggest the unboxing experience of social robots can be improved through the design of a creative aesthetic experience that engages the child socially to guide initial interactions and foster a positive child-robot relationship.},
	articleno    = 151,
	numpages     = 14,
	keywords     = {experience design, unboxing, child-robot interaction, social robots, Participatory design}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3501931,
	title        = {Stylette: Styling the Web with Natural Language},
	author       = {Kim, Tae Soo and Choi, DaEun and Choi, Yoonseo and Kim, Juho},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3501931},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3501931},
	abstract     = {End-users can potentially style and customize websites by editing them through in-browser developer tools. Unfortunately, end-users lack the knowledge needed to translate high-level styling goals into low-level code edits. We present Stylette, a browser extension that enables users to change the style of websites by expressing goals in natural language. By interpreting the user’s goal with a large language model and extracting suggestions from our dataset of 1.7 million web components, Stylette generates a palette of CSS properties and values that the user can apply to reach their goal. A comparative study (N=40) showed that Stylette lowered the learning curve, helping participants perform styling changes 35% faster than those using developer tools. By presenting various alternatives for a single goal, the tool helped participants familiarize themselves with CSS through experimentation. Beyond CSS, our work can be expanded to help novices quickly grasp complex software or programming languages.},
	articleno    = 5,
	numpages     = 17,
	keywords     = {Web Design, End-User Programming, Natural Language Interface, Machine Learning}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3501892,
	title        = {The Polyvocality of Online COVID-19 Vaccine Narratives That Invoke Medical Racism},
	author       = {Diamond, Lindsay Levkoff and Batan, Hande and Anderson, Jennings and Palen, Leysia},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3501892},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3501892},
	abstract     = {Vaccine hesitancy has always been a public health concern, and anti-vaccine campaigns that proliferate disinformation have gained traction across the US in the last 25 years. The demographics of resistance are varied, with health, religious, and, increasingly, political concerns cited as reasons. With the COVID-19 pandemic igniting the fastest development of vaccines to date, mis- and disinformation about them have become inflammatory, with campaigning allegedly including racial targeting. Through a primarily qualitative investigation, this study inductively examines a large online vaccine discussion space that invokes references to the unethical Tuskegee Syphilis Study to understand how tactics of racial targeting of Black Americans might appear publicly. We find that such targeting is entangled with a genuine discussion about medical racism and vaccine hesitancy. Across 12 distinct voices that address race, medical racism, and vaccines, we discuss how mis- and disinformation sit alongside accurate information in a “polyvocal” space.},
	articleno    = 145,
	numpages     = 21,
	keywords     = {Pandemic, Misinformation, Medical Racism, Disinformation, COVID-19, Anti-Vaccine, Vaccines, Social Media, Public Health}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3501839,
	title        = {VocabEncounter: NMT-Powered Vocabulary Learning by Presenting Computer-Generated Usages of Foreign Words into Users’ Daily Lives},
	author       = {Arakawa, Riku and Yakura, Hiromu and Kobayashi, Sosuke},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3501839},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3501839},

license: MIT

license_type: permissive

branch_name: refs/heads/master

extension: bib