text:
70}},
Keywords = {{Bombus; Gilliamella; gut microbiota; land-use change; pyrosequencing}},
Keywords-Plus = {{HONEY-BEES; GEN. NOV.; DIVERSITY; BACTERIA; SPECIFICITY; DECLINE;
   CONSERVATION; LACTOBACILLI; DYSBIOSIS; SEQUENCES}},
Research-Areas = {{Environmental Sciences \& Ecology; Microbiology}},
Web-of-Science-Categories  = {{Ecology; Microbiology}},
Author-Email = {{dancariveau@gmail.com}},
ResearcherID-Numbers = {{Cariveau, Daniel/AAB-9336-2020
   Koch, Hauke/L-5404-2017}},
ORCID-Numbers = {{Powell, Jenkyn/0000-0002-2758-6174
   Koch, Hauke/0000-0002-2694-7775}},
Funding-Acknowledgement = {{NSF-Dimensions in Biodiversity {[}1046153]; Swiss National Science
   FoundationSwiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) {[}140157, 147881]}},
Funding-Text = {{We thank L Fenner and Z Portman for help in collecting Bombus, J Klein
   for DNA extractions and P Degnan for assistance with bioinformatics.
   This research was funded by an NSF-Dimensions in Biodiversity Grant No.
   1046153 to NAM (PI), J Evans (Co-PI) and RW (Senior Investigator) and
   Swiss National Science Foundation Grants 140157 and 147881 to HK. The
   complete data set used for this manuscript is available online through
   Dryad Digital Repository (doi: 10.5061/dryad.3k019).}},
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Times-Cited = {{110}},
Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {{1}},
Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {{157}},
Journal-ISO = {{ISME J.}},
Doc-Delivery-Number = {{AU3FP}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:000345498200004}},
OA = {{Green Published, Bronze}},
DA = {{2020-11-05}},
}

@article{ ISI:000344423000025,
Author = {Button, Lindsey and Elle, Elizabeth},
Title = {{Wild bumble bees reduce pollination deficits in a crop mostly visited by
   managed honey bees}},
Journal = {{AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS \& ENVIRONMENT}},
Year = {{2014}},
Volume = {{197}},
Pages = {{255-263}},
Month = {{DEC 1}},
Abstract = {{We assessed the pollinator community of two cultivars of highbush
   blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum, Duke and Bluecrop), and determined the
   importance of different pollinators to overall crop yield by measuring
   pollination deficits. The importance of distance to putative wild
   pollinator habitat (natural field edges) for pollinator abundance within
   fields and crop yield was also considered. Managed honey bees made 70\%
   of flower visits (85\% to Duke, 49\% to Bluecrop). Wild bumble bees made
   half of the visits to Bluecrop. Though bumble bees were observed less
   frequently as distance from the natural edge increased, there was no
   effect of distance on levels of crop pollination. Pollination deficits
   were less pronounced in Duke than Bluecrop, with maximum (hand)
   pollination leading to a 12\% (Duke) to 23\% (Bluecrop) increase in
   yield. Exclusion of pollinators reduced yield by 50-80\% compared to
   ambient pollination. For both cultivars, pollination deficits declined
   most strongly with either increasing bumble bee visits or increasing
   total visits (honey bees and bumble bees combined), and in no case were
   deficit levels significantly reduced by honey bees alone. This study
   supports a growing body of literature that suggests managed honey bees
   alone cannot reduce deficits, and that wild pollinators are needed to
   maximize yields in pollinator-dependent agricultural systems. (C) 2014
   Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.}},
Publisher = {{ELSEVIER}},
Address = {{RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS}},
Type = {{Article}},
Language = {{English}},
Affiliation = {{Button, L (Corresponding Author), Simon Fraser Univ, Evolutionary \& Behav Ecol Res Grp, Dept Biol Sci, 8888 Univ Dr, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
   Button, Lindsey; Elle, Elizabeth, Simon Fraser Univ, Evolutionary \& Behav Ecol Res Grp, Dept Biol Sci, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.}},
DOI = {{10.1016/j.agee.2014.08.004}},
ISSN = {{0167-8809}},
EISSN = {{1873-2305}},
Keywords = {{Pollination deficit; Edge effect; Mixed pollinator strategy; Apis
   mellifera; Bombus; Blueberry}},
Keywords-Plus = {{NATIVE BEES; FRUIT-SET; CONSERVATION; DIVERSITY; IMPACTS}},
Research-Areas = {{Agriculture; Environmental Sciences \& Ecology}},
Web-of-Science-Categories  = {{Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Ecology; Environmental Sciences}},
Author-Email = {{lbutton@sfu.ca}},
Funding-Acknowledgement = {{NSERC-CANPOLIN; BC Blueberry Council}},
Funding-Text = {{We are indebted to all the growers that allowed us access to their
   fields for the purposes of this project. We would like to thank W. Palen
   for feedback on analyses, NSERC-CANPOLIN and the BC Blueberry Council
   for funding, M. Sweeney and K. Sakalauskas for assistance with project
   setup, J. Wray, E. Reimer, K. Van Pelt, D. Courcelles, and A. Martins
   for assistance with field and lab work, and B. Shalagan for assistance
   in the lab. Members of the USDA-SCRI Integrated Crop Pollination project
   team were instrumental in the development of methods used in this
   research. This is publication 116 of NSERC-CANPOLIN.}},
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Number-of-Cited-References = {{42}},
Times-Cited = {{19}},
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Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {{135}},
Journal-ISO = {{Agric. Ecosyst. Environ.}},
Doc-Delivery-Number = {{AS7FQ}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:000344423000025}},
DA = {{2020-11-05}},
}

@article{ ISI:000345593900006,
Author = {Danner, Nadja and Haertel, Stephan and Steffan-Dewenter, Ingolf},
Title = {{Maize pollen foraging by honey bees in relation to crop area and
   landscape context}},
Journal = {{BASIC AND APPLIED ECOLOGY}},
Year = {{2014}},
Volume = {{15}},
Number = {{8}},
Pages = {{677-684}},
Month = {{DEC}},
Abstract = {{The increasing demand pollinated crops and high recent losses of honey
   bee colonies raise concerns about food security. Systemic insecticides
   are recognized as one of the drivers of worldwide honey and wild bee
   declines. Particularly honeybees in agricultural environments are
   exposed to pesticides when they collect crop pollen and nectar. However,
   landscape scale studies which analyze pollen use and foraging distances
   of honey bees on mass-flowering crops like maize to evaluate potential
   exposure risks are currently lacking. In an experimental approach on a
   landscape scale we took advantage of intra-colonial dance communication
   to gather information about the location of utilized pollen resources.
   During maize flowering, four observation hives were placed in and
   rotated between 11 different landscapes which covered a gradient from
   low to high maize acreage. A higher frequency of dances for foraging
   locations on maize fields compared to other land use types shows that
   maize is an intensively used pollen resource for honey bee colonies.
   Mean foraging distances were significantly shorter for maize pollen than
   for other pollen origins. The percentage of maize pollen foragers did
   not increase with maize acreage in the landscape. The proportion of
   grassland area providing alternative pollen sources did not reduce the
   percentage of maize pollen foragers. Our findings allow estimating the
   distance-related exposure risk of honey bee colonies to pollen from
   surrounding maize fields treated with systemic insecticides. Similarly,
   the results can be used to estimate the exposure to transgenic maize
   pollen, which is relevant for honey production in European countries.
   Provision of alternative pollen resources within agri-environmental
   schemes could potentially reduce exposure risk to pesticide contaminated
   crop pollen. (C) 2014 Gesellschaft fur Okologie. Published by Elsevier
   GmbH. All rights reserved.}},
Publisher = {{ELSEVIER GMBH}},
Address = {{HACKERBRUCKE 6, 80335 MUNICH, GERMANY}},
Type = {{Article}},
Language = {{English}},
Affiliation = {{Danner, N (Corresponding Author), Univ Wurzburg, Bioctr, Dept Anim Ecol \& Trop Biol, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany.
   Danner, Nadja; Haertel, Stephan; Steffan-Dewenter, Ingolf, Univ Wurzburg, Bioctr, Dept Anim Ecol \& Trop Biol, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany.}},
DOI = {{10.1016/j.baae.2014.08.010}},
ISSN = {{1439-1791}},
EISSN = {{1618-0089}},
Keywords = {{Apis mellifera; Zea mays; Resource use; Foraging distances; Bee decline;
   Exposure risk}},
Keywords-Plus = {{POLLINATORS; TRENDS}},
Research-Areas = {{Environmental Sciences \& Ecology}},
Web-of-Science-Categories  = {{Ecology}},
Author-Email = {{nadja.danner@uni-wuerzburg.de}},
ORCID-Numbers = {{Steffan-Dewenter, Ingolf/0000-0003-1359-3944}},
Funding-Acknowledgement = {{German Federal Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF)Federal
   Ministry of Education \& Research (BMBF) {[}0315215E]; European
   CommissionEuropean CommissionEuropean Commission Joint Research Centre
   {[}289706]}},
Funding-Text = {{This research was funded by the German Federal Ministry for Education
   and Research (BMBF, project 0315215E) and within the project Assessing
   and Monitoring the Impacts of Genetically modified plants on
   Agro-ecosystems (AMIGA) funded by the European Commission under the
   Framework programme 7, Grant agreement 289706. We kindly thank Veronika
   Burgmayer (University of Bayreuth) for field work support, Thorsten
   Steinhauser (University of Bayreuth) for bee keeping support and all
   land owners for providing sites for observation of honey bee colonies.
   We thank three anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments onour
   manuscript.}},
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Number-of-Cited-References = {{28}},
Times-Cited = {{19}},
Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {{3}},
Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {{108}},
Journal-ISO = {{Basic Appl. Ecol.}},
Doc-Delivery-Number = {{AU4PM}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:000345593900006}},
DA = {{2020-11-05}},
}

@article{ ISI:000345593900009,
Author = {Blaauw, Brett R. and Isaacs, Rufus},
Title = {{Larger patches of diverse floral resources increase insect pollinator
   density, diversity, and their pollination of native wild flowers}},
Journal = {{BASIC AND APPLIED ECOLOGY}},
Year = {{2014}},
Volume = {{15}},
Number = {{8}},
Pages = {{701-711}},
Month = {{DEC}},
Abstract = {{Native wildflower plantings can be used to provide nutritional resources
   to support pollinating insects, yet the effects of planting size and
   bloom richness on the density, diversity, and function of these insects
   are not well understood. We established stands of twelve native
   flowering perennial plant species in replicated plots ranging in size
   from 1 to 100 m(2). These plots were sampled for insect pollinators,
   bloom richness, and seed production by three wild flower species.
   Honeybees, wild bees, and hoverflies all responded positively to
   increasing flower richness, whereas particular insect pollinator groups
   responded differently to the size of the flowering plant area. The
   density of honeybees and hoverflies was not affected by increasing
   flowering patch size, whereas in general, wild bees were observed at
   higher density and diversity in the 30 and 100 m(2) patches. Increasing
   wildflower patch size, and thus wild bee density, resulted in greater
   seed set in the sampled wild flowers. These results indicate that wild
   bees are sensitive to the area and richness of floral resources in
   patches, even at relatively small scales. Therefore, larger wildflower
   plantings with more diverse flower species mixes are more suitable for
   the conservation of wild pollinators and reproduction of sown species.
   1439-179/(c) 2014 Gesellschaft fur Okologie. Published by Elsevier GmbH,
   All rights reserved.}},
Publisher = {{ELSEVIER GMBH}},
Address = {{HACKERBRUCKE 6, 80335 MUNICH, GERMANY}},
Type = {{Article}},
Language = {{English}},
Affiliation = {{Blaauw, BR (Corresponding Author), Rutgers State Univ, Dept Entomol, 121 Northville Rd, Bridgeton, NJ 08302 USA.
   Blaauw, Brett R.; Isaacs, Rufus, Michigan State Univ, Dept Entomol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.}},
DOI = {{10.1016/j.baae.2014.10.001}},
ISSN = {{1439-1791}},
EISSN = {{1618-0089}},
Keywords = {{Wild bees; Honeybees; Syrphidae; Perennial; Richness; Ecosystem service}},
Keywords-Plus = {{HABITAT FRAGMENTATION; FOREST FRAGMENTATION; LANDSCAPE CONTEXT; PLANTS;
   BEES; SIZE; COMMUNITIES; CONSERVATION; DIPTERA; AREA}},
Research-Areas = {{Environmental Sciences \& Ecology}},
Web-of-Science-Categories  = {{Ecology}},
Author-Email = {{blaauw@aesop.rutgers.edu}},
ResearcherID-Numbers = {{Isaacs, Rufus/AAF-4646-2019}},
ORCID-Numbers = {{Isaacs, Rufus/0000-0001-7523-4643}},
Funding-Acknowledgement = {{Department of Entomology at Michigan State University; United States
   Department of AgricultureUnited States Department of Agriculture (USDA)
   {[}GNC09-116, LNC08-297]}},
Funding-Text = {{We thank Keith Mason for technical assistance and members of the Berry
   Crops Entomology Lab at Michigan StateUniversity (MSU) for helping
   establish the wildflower plots. Thanks to the staff at MSU's Trevor
   Nichols Research Center for maintaining the wildflower plots. We also
   thank Kyle Ringwald, Nury Duque- Feghali, Laurel Lindemann, and Joe
   Fletcher for collecting and sorting insect samples. This manuscript was
   greatly improved by the comments of anonymous reviewers. We have much
   appreciation for the advice and services provided by Michigan Wildflower
   Farmand Wildtype Design and Native Plants \& Seed. BRB was supported by
   The Hutson Endowment of the Department of Entomology at Michigan State
   University and by the Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education
   (SARE) program of the United States Department of Agriculture (Grants
   GNC09-116 and LNC08-297).}},
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Number-of-Cited-References = {{60}},
Times-Cited = {{56}},
Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {{5}},
Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {{225}},
Journal-ISO = {{Basic Appl. Ecol.}},
Doc-Delivery-Number = {{AU4PM}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:000345593900009}},
DA = {{2020-11-05}},
}

@article{ ISI:000342816400002,
Author = {Kuhlmann, Michael},
Title = {{Nest architecture and use of floral oil in the oil-collecting South
   African solitary bee Rediviva intermixta (Cockerell) (Hymenoptera:
   Apoidea: Melittidae)}},
Journal = {{JOURNAL OF NATURAL HISTORY}},
Year = {{2014}},
Volume = {{48}},
Number = {{43-44}},
Pages = {{2633-2644}},
Month = {{NOV 25}},
Abstract = {{Nest architecture, use of floral oil for brood cell lining and pollen
   collecting are described for the first time for the genus Rediviva,
   using the South African endemic oil-collecting solitary bee species
   Rediviva intermixta. The nest consists of a dead-end vertical tunnel
   with a single brood cell located at the end of each of several
   horizontally branching lateral tunnels. Brood cells are lined with a
   thin layer of waxy material, presumably derived from chemically modified
   floral oil. Rediviva intermixta is a pollen generalist but relies on a
   small number of host plant species for oil-collecting. Brood cells are
   provisioned with pollen from at least six plant families, but with a
   preference for non-oil-producing Scrophulariaceae. The nesting biology
   and Dufour's gland size of the species are discussed and compared with
   the closely related genera Melitta and Redivivoides (non-oil-collecting)
   and Macropis (oil-collecting). The differences between Macropis and
   Rediviva suggest that oil-collecting in the two genera evolved
   independently.}},
Publisher = {{TAYLOR \& FRANCIS LTD}},
Address = {{2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND}},
Type = {{Article}},
Language = {{English}},
Affiliation = {{Kuhlmann, M (Corresponding Author), Nat Hist Museum, Dept Life Sci, Cromwell Rd, London SW7 5BD, England.
   Nat Hist Museum, Dept Life Sci, London SW7 5BD, England.}},
DOI = {{10.1080/00222933.2014.909069}},
ISSN = {{0022-2933}},
EISSN = {{1464-5262}},
Keywords = {{floral host; oil-collecting; nesting biology; Rediviva; solitary bee}},
Keywords-Plus = {{GENUS COLLETES HYMENOPTERA; DUFOURS GLAND; EVOLUTION; FLOWERS;
   PHYLOGENY; BIOLOGY; POLLINATION; PERINGUEYI; SECRETION; PANZER}},
Research-Areas = {{Biodiversity \& Conservation; Environmental Sciences \& Ecology; Zoology}},
Web-of-Science-Categories  = {{Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Zoology}},
Author-Email = {{m.kuhlmann@nhm.ac.uk}},
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Number-of-Cited-References = {{52}},
Times-Cited = {{10}},
Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {{1}},
Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {{20}},
Journal-ISO = {{J. Nat. Hist.}},
Doc-Delivery-Number = {{AQ5BC}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:000342816400002}},
DA = {{2020-11-05}},
}

@article{ ISI:000346491100009,
Author = {Simanonok, Michael P. and Burkle, Laura A.},
Title = {{Partitioning interaction turnover among alpine pollination networks:
   spatial, temporal, and environmental patterns}},
Journal = {{ECOSPHERE}},
Year = {{2014}},
Volume = {{5}},
Number = {{11}},
Month = {{NOV}},
Abstract = {{Ecologists have taken two distinct approaches in studying the
   distribution and diversity of communities: a species-centric focus and
   an interaction-network based approach. A current frontier in
   community-level studies is the integration of these perspectives by
   investigating both simultaneously; one method for achieving this is
   evaluating the relative contributions of species turnover and host
   switching towards interaction turnover (i.e., the dissimilarity in
   interactions between two networks). We performed observations of
   plant-pollinator interactions to investigate (1) patterns in interaction
   turnover across spatial, temporal, and environmental gradients and (2)
   the relative contribution of pollinator species turnover, floral
   turnover, simultaneous pollinator \& floral turnover, and host switching
   towards interaction turnover. Field work was conducted on the Beartooth
   Plateau, an alpine ecosystem in Montana and Wyoming, with weekly
   observations of plant-pollinator interactions across one growing season.
   Interaction turnover increased through time, with magnitudes
   consistently greater than 80\%, even at time intervals as short as one
   week. Floral species turnover (41\%) and simultaneous floral and
   pollinator species turnover (36\%) accounted for almost all interaction
   turnover while host switching accounted for only 5\%. Interaction
   turnover also significantly increased with spatial and elevational
   distance, albeit with lesser magnitudes than with temporal distance. The
   marginal spatial pattern was present for only some taxa (Bombus spp. and
   solitary bee species), potentially indicating variable habitat use by
   pollinators across the landscape. Weak environmental trends may be a
   consequence of unmeasured environmental variables, yet our finding that
   environmental gradients structure plant-pollinator interaction
   partitions had not previously been tested with empirical data. Our
   observations suggest that host switching does not readily occur at the
   scales of alpine flowering phenology (i.e., similar to 1 week); however,
   whether lack of host switching is indicative of inflexible pollinator
   foraging, or, more likely, a lack of opportunity or necessity to switch
   hosts, requires further investigation.}},
Publisher = {{WILEY}},
Address = {{111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA}},
Type = {{Article}},
Language = {{English}},
Affiliation = {{Simanonok, MP (Corresponding Author), Montana State Univ, Dept Ecol, POB 173460, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
   Simanonok, Michael P.; Burkle, Laura A., Montana State Univ, Dept Ecol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.}},
DOI = {{10.1890/ES14-00323.1}},
Article-Number = {{149}},
ISSN = {{2150-8925}},
Keywords = {{beta diversity; elevation; spatiotemporal}},
Keywords-Plus = {{BETA-DIVERSITY; BEES; SPECIALIZATION; DISSIMILARITY; COMMUNITIES;
   REGRESSION; VEGETATION; DISTANCE; ECOLOGY}},
Research-Areas = {{Environmental Sciences \& Ecology}},
Web-of-Science-Categories  = {{Ecology}},
Author-Email = {{Michael.Simanonok@msu.montana.edu}},
Funding-Acknowledgement = {{Montana State University}},
Funding-Text = {{We thank L. Heil for help in the field and J. Runyon and C. Delphia for
   assistance with bee and fly identification. D. Roberts and T. Belote
   provided helpful discussion and comments on earlier drafts of this
   manuscript. Montana State University provided funding to L. A. Burkle
   and M. P. Simanonok.}},
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   R Core Team, 2013, R LANG ENV STAT COMP.
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   WHITTAKER ROBERT H., 1960, ECOL MONOGR, V30, P279, DOI 10.2307/1943563.}},
Number-of-Cited-References = {{54}},
Times-Cited = {{34}},
Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {{0}},
Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {{97}},
Journal-ISO = {{Ecosphere}},
Doc-Delivery-Number = {{AW8DO}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:000346491100009}},
OA = {{DOAJ Gold}},
DA = {{2020-11-05}},
}

@article{ ISI:000345459900005,
Author = {Han, Taeman and Park, Haechul and Park, In Gyun and Yoon, Hyung Joo and
   Kim, Ki-Hwan and Lee, Hyuk Je},
Title = {{Genetic structure of Korean populations of bumblebees Bombus ignitus
   (Hymenoptera: Apidae) as revealed by microsatellite markers}},
Journal = {{ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH}},
Year = {{2014}},
Volume = {{44}},
Number = {{6}},
Pages = {{262-270}},
Month = {{NOV}},
Abstract = {{Bumblebee Bombus ignitus, which is indigenous to Korea, Japan, and
   China, has been recognized as a valuable pollinator for both crops and
   wild plants. Bombus ignitus has now become commercially important as a
   pollinator because of its use in the agricultural industry, particularly
   for greenhouse pollination. For long-term management and effective
   conservation of B.ignitus, an understanding of the genetic structure of
   its naturally occurring populations is practically important. In this
   study, the genetic structure among the five populations of B.ignitus in
   South Korea was assessed using nine microsatellite loci. These markers
   showed high levels of genetic variability, with the number of alleles
   ranging from 6 to 22 (mean = 13.4) and the frequency of the most common
   allele ranging from 0.11 to 0.66. Only the Sabuk (SB) population showed
   a genetic signature of a recent bottleneck, which was further supported
   by the lowest level of allelic richness (AR) (mean AR = 3.944). Genetic
   differentiation was highly significant among all pairs of populations (P
   < 0.001) across the nine microsatellite markers, suggesting a lack of
   gene flow among those populations. Interestingly, F-ST (and R-ST and
   D-est) values were always greater for the Taebaek population than for
   the four remaining populations. The phylogenetic analysis showed
   evidence supporting our hypothesis that the Taebaek population is
   genetically more divergent than the other populations. Overall, our
   results suggest that the Korean populations of B.ignitus might have
   undergone geographic isolation and have become highly separated
   spatially from one another, thereby having a limited range of migration
   among their local habitats.}},
Publisher = {{WILEY}},
Address = {{111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA}},
Type = {{Article}},
Language = {{English}},
Affiliation = {{Lee, HJ (Corresponding Author), Sangji Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Coll Sci \& Engn, 83 Sangjidae Gil, Wonju 220702, Gangwon Do, South Korea.
   Han, Taeman; Park, Haechul; Park, In Gyun; Yoon, Hyung Joo, Natl Acad Agr Sci, Appl Entomol Div, Dept Agr Biol, Suwon, South Korea.
   Kim, Ki-Hwan, Bionics, Seoul, South Korea.
   Lee, Hyuk Je, Sangji Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Coll Sci \& Engn, Wonju, South Korea.}},
DOI = {{10.1111/1748-5967.12077}},
ISSN = {{1738-2297}},
EISSN = {{1748-5967}},
Keywords = {{Bombus ignitus; greenhouse pollination; Korea; population bottleneck;
   population genetics; Taebaek Mountain}},
Keywords-Plus = {{TERRESTRIS; SOFTWARE; DIFFERENTIATION; CONSERVATION; BOTTLENECKS}},
Research-Areas = {{Entomology}},
Web-of-Science-Categories  = {{Entomology}},
Author-Email = {{hyukjelee@sangji.ac.kr}},
Funding-Acknowledgement = {{Rural Development Administration, Republic of KoreaRural Development
   Administration (RDA) {[}PJ00898301]; Sangji University {[}2013-0081]}},
Funding-Text = {{This study was carried out with the support of ``Cooperative Research
   Program for Agricultural Science \& Technology Development (Project No.
   PJ00898301){''}, Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea to
   Haechul Park and by Sangji University Research Fund, 2013 (Project no.
   2013-0081) to Hyuk Je Lee.}},
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Number-of-Cited-References = {{49}},
Times-Cited = {{2}},
Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {{0}},
Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {{20}},
Journal-ISO = {{Entomol. Res.}},
Doc-Delivery-Number = {{AU2PH}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:000345459900005}},
DA = {{2020-11-05}},
}

@article{ ISI:000344536600012,
Author = {Aslan, Austin and Hart, Patrick and Wu, Joanna and Aslan, Clare E.},
Title = {{Evaluating the Qualitative Effectiveness of a Novel Pollinator: a Case
   Study of Two Endemic Hawaiian Plants}},
Journal = {{BIOTROPICA}},
Year = {{2014}},
Volume = {{46}},
Number = {{6}},
Pages = {{732-739}},
Month = {{NOV}},
Abstract = {{In situations where native mutualists have become extinct, non-native
   species may partner with remnant native species. However, non-native
   mutualists may differ behaviorally from extinct native mutualists. In
   the case of pollination, novel relationships between natives and
   non-natives could differ both quantitatively and qualitatively from
   native-native relationships. In Hawai'i, the non-native Japanese
   White-eye (Zosterops japonicus) has largely replaced endemic birds as
   pollinator of the endemic Clermontia parviflora and C.montis-loa. We
   surveyed Clermontia patches and found that they ranged from 106 to 1198m
   in diameter. We performed manual pollination of flowers with pollen
   taken from plants at five distance categories, ranging from 0
   (self-fertilization) to 20km, and examined the germination of resulting
   seeds. We used radiotelemetry to estimate daily Japanese White-eye
   movement distances. Percent germination of seeds after short- to
   intermediate-distance pollination crosses (i.e., 20-1200m, or
   intra-patch pollen transfer distances) significantly exceeded
   germination of seeds from selfed trials for C.parviflora. No significant
   differences in germination rates among treatments were detected for
   C.montis-loa. The maximum daily movement distances of radio-tracked
   birds were generally <1km. Together, these results suggest that this
   novel pollinator may be an effective mutualist for both Clermontia
   species. This study serves as an example of research examining
   qualitative components of novel mutualism, which are generally neglected
   relative to quantitative components.}},
Publisher = {{WILEY-BLACKWELL}},
Address = {{111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA}},
Type = {{Article}},
Language = {{English}},
Affiliation = {{Aslan, A (Corresponding Author), Univ Hawaii, Dept Trop Conservat Biol \& Environm Sci, Hilo, HI 96720 USA.
   Aslan, Austin; Hart, Patrick; Wu, Joanna, Univ Hawaii, Dept Trop Conservat Biol \& Environm Sci, Hilo, HI 96720 USA.
   Wu, Joanna, Inst Bird Populat, Point Reyes Stn, CA 94956 USA.
   Aslan, Clare E., Univ Arizona, Landscape Conservat Initiat, Flagstaff, AZ 86005 USA.}},
DOI = {{10.1111/btp.12159}},
ISSN = {{0006-3606}},
EISSN = {{1744-7429}},
Keywords = {{Clermontia montis-loa; Clermontia parviflora; distance crosses;
   germination; radiotelemetry; Zosterops japonicus}},
Keywords-Plus = {{SEED DISPERSAL; INBREEDING DEPRESSION; FOREST BIRDS; HOME-RANGE;
   DISTANCE; POLLEN; POPULATION; MUTUALISMS; FITNESS; HONEYCREEPERS}},
Research-Areas = {{Environmental Sciences \& Ecology}},
Web-of-Science-Categories  = {{Ecology}},
Author-Email = {{laustinspace@gmail.com}},
ORCID-Numbers = {{Wu, Joanna/0000-0002-6404-7823}},
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Number-of-Cited-References = {{53}},
Times-Cited = {{5}},
Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {{1}},
Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {{34}},
Journal-ISO = {{Biotropica}},
Doc-Delivery-Number = {{AS9AT}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:000344536600012}},
DA = {{2020-11-05}},
}

@article{ ISI:000344724600005,
Author = {Blaker, Elizabeth A. and Strange, James P. and James, Rosalind R. and
   Monroy, Fernando P. and Cobb, Neil S.},
Title = {{PCR reveals high prevalence of non/low sporulating Nosema bombi
   (microsporidia) infections in bumble bees (Bombus) in Northern Arizona}},
Journal = {{JOURNAL OF INVERTEBRATE PATHOLOGY}},
Year = {{2014}},
Volume = {{123}},
Pages = {{25-33}},
Month = {{NOV}},
Abstract = {{About 20\% of bumble bee species are in decline in North America, and
   the microsporidian pathogen, Nosema bombi, has been correlated with
   these declines. We conducted a comprehensive survey of N. bombi
   infections in the bumble bee communities throughout the flight season
   along an elevation gradient in Northern Arizona. Focusing on two
   species, Bombus (Pyrobombus) huntii and Bombus (Pyrobombus) centralis,
   we used a combination of PCR and microscopy to distinguish between
   sporulating and non/low, sporulating N. bombi infections. Surprisingly
   high levels of PCR-positive infections with no detectable spore loads
   were found in B. huntii (31-63\%) and B. centralis (56.5-66.5\%), while
   the prevalence of sporulating infections was low (3.0-11.8\% and
   0-12.9\% respectively). We determined the prevalence of sporulating N.
   bombi infection in six other co-occurring, but rarer, bumble bee species
   (0-62.5\%,), but did not test them using PCR. The prevalence of
   sporulating N. bombi infections in B. (Bombias) nevadensis was
   significantly higher than in either B. huntii or B. centralis (29\%).
   The declining bumble bee, Bombus sensu strico occidentalis, had the
   highest prevalence of sporulating N. bombi infections (62.5\%), but we
   purposely captured very few B. occidentalis because of its declining
   status. PCR was a more sensitive measure of N. bombi prevalence and
   revealed that wild bumble bees have a much higher prevalence of N. bombi
   than has previously been recognized. Microscopy and PCR together provide
   complementary, not redundant, information that deepens our understanding
   of the dynamic interactions between N. bombi and their bumble bee hosts.
   (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.}},
Publisher = {{ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE}},
Address = {{525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA}},
Type = {{Article}},
Language = {{English}},
Affiliation = {{Blaker, EA (Corresponding Author), 6755 North Bader Rd, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
   Blaker, Elizabeth A.; Monroy, Fernando P.; Cobb, Neil S., No Arizona Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Merriam Powell Ctr Environm Res, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
   Strange, James P.; James, Rosalind R., Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Dept Biol, Pollinating Insects Res Unit, Logan, UT 84333 USA.}},
DOI = {{10.1016/j.jip.2014.09.001}},
ISSN = {{0022-2011}},
EISSN = {{1096-0805}},
Keywords = {{Nosema; Bombus; PCR; Arizona}},
Keywords-Plus = {{APIS-MELLIFERA; PARASITE PREVALENCE; WILD BUMBLEBEES; SPECIAL FOCUS;
   TERRESTRIS; TRANSMISSION; HYMENOPTERA; COLONIES; DECLINE; APIDAE}},
Research-Areas = {{Zoology}},
Web-of-Science-Categories  = {{Zoology}},
Author-Email = {{Elizabeth.Blaker@nau.edu
   James.Strange@ARS.USDA.GOV
   Rosalindjames@ARS.USDA.GOV
   Fernando.Monroy@nau.edu
   Neil.Cobb@nau.edu}},
ORCID-Numbers = {{Strange, James/0000-0002-9612-6868}},
Funding-Acknowledgement = {{Colorado Plateau Biodiversity Center at Northern Arizona University}},
Funding-Text = {{We thank the following individuals for their assistance in the field or
   the lab: Emma Benenati, Sherry Davis, Jacob Higgins, Andy Krohn, Dyer
   Lytle and Santana Yazzie. This research was partially funded by the
   Colorado Plateau Biodiversity Center at Northern Arizona University. We
   are grateful to Robert Paxton and Leellen Solter for their helpful
   comments and suggestions on an earlier draft of this manuscript.}},
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Number-of-Cited-References = {{42}},
Times-Cited = {{9}},
Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {{0}},
Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {{46}},
Journal-ISO = {{J. Invertebr. Pathol.}},
Doc-Delivery-Number = {{AT1XP}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:000344724600005}},
DA = {{2020-11-05}},
}

@article{ ISI:000344599000018,
Author = {Palladini, Jennifer D. and Maron, John L.},
Title = {{Reproduction and survival of a solitary bee along native and exotic
   floral resource gradients}},
Journal = {{OECOLOGIA}},
Year = {{2014}},
Volume = {{176}},
Number = {{3}},
Pages = {{789-798}},
Month = {{NOV}},
Abstract = {{Native bee abundance has long been assumed to be limited by floral
   resources. This paradigm has been established in large measure because
   more bees are often found in areas supporting greater floral abundance.
   This could result from attraction to resource-rich sites as well as
   greater local demographic performance in sites supporting high floral
   abundance; however, demographic performance is usually unknown. Factors
   other than floral resources such as availability of nest sites, pressure
   from natural enemies, or whether floral resources are from a mixed
   native or mostly monodominant exotic assemblage might influence survival
   or fecundity and hence abundance. We examined how the survival and
   fecundity of the native solitary bee Osmia lignaria varied along a
   gradient in floral resource abundance. We released bees alongside a nest
   block at 27 grassland sites in Montana (USA) that varied in floral
   abundance and the extent of invasion by exotic forbs. We monitored nest
   construction and the fate of offspring within each nest. The number of
   nests established was positively related to native forb abundance and
   was negatively related to exotic forb species richness. Fecundity was
   positively related to native forb species richness; however, offspring
   mortality caused by the brood parasite Tricrania stansburyi was
   significantly greater in native-dominated sites. These results suggest
   that native floral resources can positively influence bee populations,
   but that the relationship between native floral resources and bee
   population performance is not straightforward. Rather, bees may face a
   trade-off between high offspring production and low offspring survival
   in native-dominated sites.}},
Publisher = {{SPRINGER}},
Address = {{ONE NEW YORK PLAZA, SUITE 4600, NEW YORK, NY, UNITED STATES}},
Type = {{Article}},
Language = {{English}},
Affiliation = {{Palladini, JD (Corresponding Author), Santa Rosa Jr Coll, Div Life Sci, Santa Rosa, CA 95401 USA.
   Palladini, Jennifer D., Santa Rosa Jr Coll, Div Life Sci, Santa Rosa, CA 95401 USA.
   Maron, John L., Univ Montana, Div Biol Sci, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.}},
DOI = {{10.1007/s00442-014-3028-1}},
ISSN = {{0029-8549}},
EISSN = {{1432-1939}},
Keywords = {{Exotic plants; Osmia lignaria; Pollinators; Resource limitation;
   Tricrania stansburyi}},
Keywords-Plus = {{LIGNARIA-PROPINQUA HYMENOPTERA; GROUND-NESTING BEE; OFFSPRING
   PRODUCTION; ECOLOGICAL IMPACTS; CROP POLLINATION; SOCIAL BEE; PLANTS;
   DENSITY; METAANALYSIS; COMMUNITIES}},
Research-Areas = {{Environmental Sciences \& Ecology}},
Web-of-Science-Categories  = {{Ecology}},
Author-Email = {{jpalladini@santarosa.edu}},
Funding-Acknowledgement = {{EPA-STAR fellowshipUnited States Environmental Protection Agency;
   National Research Initiative of the USDA Cooperative State Research,
   Education and Extension ServiceUnited States Department of Agriculture
   (USDA)National Institute of Food and Agriculture {[}2005-35101-16040];
   National Science FoundationNational Science Foundation (NSF)
   {[}DEB-0915409]; National Science Foundation (Research Experience for
   Undergraduates Grant)National Science Foundation (NSF) {[}DBI-0755560,
   1157101]}},
Funding-Text = {{We thank A. Tracy for pollen collection and identification, and D.
   Venturella, L. Stoffel, M. Mullins, and S. Prado-Irwin for field and/or
   labortaory assistance. The manuscript was improved by comments from E.
   Crone. Research was supported by an EPA-STAR fellowship to J. Palladini
   and grants from the National Research Initiative of the USDA Cooperative
   State Research, Education and Extension Service (grant number
   2005-35101-16040), and the National Science Foundation (DEB-0915409 to
   J. L. M. and Research Experience for Undergraduates Grant DBI-0755560 \&
   1157101).}},
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