text:
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   {*}WORLD RES I, 2000, WORLD RES 2000 2001.
   {*}WORLD WILDL FUND, LIV PLAN REP 2000.}},
Number-of-Cited-References = {{50}},
Times-Cited = {{77}},
Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {{6}},
Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {{37}},
Journal-ISO = {{Environ. Sci. Technol.}},
Doc-Delivery-Number = {{854XZ}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:000223938500021}},
DA = {{2020-08-06}},
}

@article{ ISI:000223892300001,
Author = {Liniger, MA and Davies, HC},
Title = {{Seasonal differences in extratropical potential vorticity variability at
   tropopause levels}},
Journal = {{JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES}},
Year = {{2004}},
Volume = {{109}},
Number = {{D17}},
Month = {{SEP 10}},
Abstract = {{The distribution of extratropical potential vorticity (PV) on isentropic
   surfaces that transect the tropopause is a key feature of
   planetary-scale teleconnection patterns, synoptic-scale weather systems,
   and mesoscale stratosphere-troposphere exchange. Here a Northern
   Hemisphere January and July climatology is presented for the mean and
   variability patterns of the PV using the so-called European Centre for
   Medium-Range Weather Forecasts reanalysis-15 (ERA-15) data set. It is
   derived taking into account the strong seasonal cycle of the tropopause
   height and the sharp quasi-latitudinal gradient of PV on the isentropic
   surfaces together with the accompanying bimodality in the scale and
   amplitude of positive and negative anomalies. The bimodality is both
   emphasized and circumvented by comparing conventional standard deviation
   measures of the variability with those of separate depictions of the
   probability density function structures of positive and negative
   anomalies. It is shown that in winter the zonal heterogeneity is
   pronounced and the variability (e.g., storm track) patterns exhibit a
   rich spatial structure with marked differences between the Pacific and
   Atlantic. In contrast, in summer the heterogeneity on the lower
   stratospheric portion of the isentropic surfaces is much weaker, but
   there remain regions of high variability over oceanic regions on the
   tropospheric portion of the surfaces. The results relate directly to the
   structure and dynamics of storm tracks and their spatial and seasonal
   variation.}},
Publisher = {{AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION}},
Address = {{2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA}},
Type = {{Article}},
Language = {{English}},
Affiliation = {{Liniger, MA (Corresponding Author), Fed Off Meteorol \& Climatol, Climate Serv, Krahbuhlstr 58, CH-8044 Zurich, Switzerland.
   Fed Off Meteorol \& Climatol, Climate Serv, CH-8044 Zurich, Switzerland.
   ETH, Inst Atmospher \& Climate Sci, Zurich, Switzerland.}},
DOI = {{10.1029/2004JD004639}},
Article-Number = {{D17102}},
ISSN = {{2169-897X}},
Keywords = {{reanalysis; isentropes; storm tracks; Rossby waves; PDF; climatology}},
Keywords-Plus = {{STRATOSPHERIC INTRUSIONS; SUBTROPICAL TROPOPAUSE; NORTHERN-HEMISPHERE;
   WAVE BREAKING; STORM-TRACKS; OZONE; CLIMATOLOGY; EXCHANGE; TROPOSPHERE;
   ANTICYCLONE}},
Research-Areas = {{Meteorology \& Atmospheric Sciences}},
Web-of-Science-Categories  = {{Meteorology \& Atmospheric Sciences}},
Author-Email = {{mark.liniger@meteoswiss.ch
   huw.davies@env.ethz.ch}},
ResearcherID-Numbers = {{Liniger, Mark/K-7757-2013
   DAVIES, HUW C/A-6654-2008}},
ORCID-Numbers = {{Liniger, Mark/0000-0003-4294-6868
   }},
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Number-of-Cited-References = {{39}},
Times-Cited = {{8}},
Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {{0}},
Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {{4}},
Journal-ISO = {{J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.}},
Doc-Delivery-Number = {{854HE}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:000223892300001}},
DA = {{2020-08-06}},
}

@article{ ISI:000223021100005,
Author = {Roy, JR},
Title = {{Regional input-output analysis, data and uncertainty}},
Journal = {{ANNALS OF REGIONAL SCIENCE}},
Year = {{2004}},
Volume = {{38}},
Number = {{3}},
Pages = {{397-412}},
Month = {{SEP}},
Abstract = {{This paper addresses two major issues. The first is the introduction of
   uncertainty into the framework of classical deterministic regional
   input-output (I-O) analysis. Secondly, the role of the use of measurable
   flow data on the fundamental structure of the models is explored. The
   opening section uncovers an anomaly in the classical approach when flows
   between regions of final demand products, external exports and imports
   are neglected in comparison to the flows of internal intermediate
   inputs. Next, we introduce uncertainty into the analysis by extending an
   entropy formulation developed by Wilson, which itself evolved from the
   formalism established by Leontief-Strout (L-S). The main enhancements
   include (i) the introduction of regional output capacities to capture
   spillovers from regions operating close to capacity, (ii) the inclusion
   of flows of external imports and exports and (iii) the use of total
   measurable flows as input which are readily available from surveys,
   yielding as output not only the total flows of each sector between each
   pair of regions, but (optionally) the further disaggregation of these
   flows to include their final destination sector or their use as final
   demand. In fact, a key objective is to structurally account for the
   joint influence of technology, output capacities and transportation
   costs on the pattern of intermediate and final demand flows between
   regions. Further extensions of the approach lead to the generation of
   probabilistic supply functions as tools within a potential CGE analysis.
   This option requires the introduction of prices, permitting a profit
   constraint to replace the simple transport cost constraint of the
   earlier models.}},
Publisher = {{SPRINGER}},
Address = {{233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA}},
Type = {{Article}},
Language = {{English}},
Affiliation = {{Roy, JR (Corresponding Author), Etudes, POB 96, Mallacoota, Vic 3892, Australia.
   Etudes, Mallacoota, Vic 3892, Australia.}},
DOI = {{10.1007/s00168-003-0153-x}},
ISSN = {{0570-1864}},
EISSN = {{1432-0592}},
Research-Areas = {{Business \& Economics; Environmental Sciences \& Ecology; Geography;
   Public Administration}},
Web-of-Science-Categories  = {{Economics; Environmental Studies; Geography; Regional \& Urban Planning}},
Author-Email = {{johnmall@bigpond.com}},
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Number-of-Cited-References = {{11}},
Times-Cited = {{5}},
Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {{0}},
Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {{8}},
Journal-ISO = {{Ann. Reg. Sci.}},
Doc-Delivery-Number = {{842RG}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:000223021100005}},
DA = {{2020-08-06}},
}

@article{ ISI:000225717400002,
Author = {Smith, I},
Title = {{An assessment of recent trends in Australian rainfall}},
Journal = {{AUSTRALIAN METEOROLOGICAL MAGAZINE}},
Year = {{2004}},
Volume = {{53}},
Number = {{3}},
Pages = {{163-173}},
Month = {{SEP}},
Abstract = {{Trends in Australian rainfall over the period 1901 to 2002 are analysed
   with the aim of evaluating and assessing long-term trends. In
   particular, this study examines long-term trends in Australian rainfall
   with the aim of identifying any continental-scale patterns that could be
   described as `unusual'. All-Australia annual average rainfall and
   all-Australia average decile time series indicate a positive long-term
   trend over the full period. Trend maps indicate that much of this trend
   is the result of increases in summer half-year rainfall over western,
   northern and central Australia that have occurred over the latter part
   of the record 1952-2002. While significant negative trends in winter
   half-year rainfall over southwest Western Australia are evident. there
   is little evidence that they are part of any continental-scale trends,
   at least not on 100 or 50-year time-scales. Empirical Orthogonal
   Teleconnection patterns (EOTs) of annual rainfall provide a means for
   delineating independent spatial modes. These indicate that much of the
   variance in all-Australian rainfall can be attributed to the first two
   modes that cover much of central eastern Australia and central western
   Australia. In addition.. the pattern of positive trends comprises at
   least two modes. which, being linearly independent, indicate that the
   large-scale pattern of increases is itself unusual in a historical
   context.}},
Publisher = {{AUSTRALIAN GOVT PUBL SERV}},
Address = {{PO BOX 84, CANBERRA, 2601, AUSTRALIA}},
Type = {{Article}},
Language = {{English}},
Affiliation = {{Smith, I (Corresponding Author), CSIRO Atmospher Res, PMB1, Aspendale, Vic 3195, Australia.
   CSIRO Atmospher Res, Aspendale, Vic 3195, Australia.}},
ISSN = {{0004-9743}},
Keywords-Plus = {{CO2-WARMED EARTH; DATASET}},
Research-Areas = {{Meteorology \& Atmospheric Sciences}},
Web-of-Science-Categories  = {{Meteorology \& Atmospheric Sciences}},
Author-Email = {{Ian.Smith@esiro.au}},
ResearcherID-Numbers = {{Smith, Ian/A-1708-2012}},
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Number-of-Cited-References = {{19}},
Times-Cited = {{134}},
Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {{0}},
Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {{12}},
Journal-ISO = {{Aust. Meteorol. Mag.}},
Doc-Delivery-Number = {{879KT}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:000225717400002}},
DA = {{2020-08-06}},
}

@article{ ISI:000224274500008,
Author = {Timmermann, A and Justino, F and Jin, FF and Krebs, U and Goosse, H},
Title = {{Surface temperature control in the North and tropical Pacific during the
   last glacial maximum}},
Journal = {{CLIMATE DYNAMICS}},
Year = {{2004}},
Volume = {{23}},
Number = {{3-4}},
Pages = {{353-370}},
Month = {{SEP}},
Abstract = {{Based on coupled modelling evidence we argue that
   topographically-induced modifications of the large-scale atmospheric
   circulation during the last glacial maximum may have led to a reduction
   of the westerlies, and a slowdown of the Pacific subtropical gyre as
   well as to an intensification of the Pacific subtropical cell. These
   oceanic circulation changes generate an eastern North Pacific warming,
   an associated cooling in the Kuroshio area, as well as a cooling of the
   tropical oceans, respectively. The tropical cooling pattern resembles a
   permanent La Nina state which in turn forces atmospheric teleconnection
   patterns that lead to an enhancement of the subtropical warming by
   reduced latent and sensible cooling of the ocean. In addition, the
   radiative cooling due to atmospheric CO2 and water vapor reductions
   imposes a cooling tendency in the tropics and subtropics, thereby
   intensifying the permanent La Nina conditions. The remote North Pacific
   response results in a warming tendency of the eastern North Pacific
   which may level off the effect of the local radiative cooling. Hence, a
   delicate balance between oceanic circulation changes, remotely induced
   atmospheric flux anomalies as well local radiative cooling is
   established which controls the tropical and North Pacific temperature
   anomalies during the last glacial maximum. Furthermore, we discuss how
   the aftermath of a Hein-rich event may have affected glacial
   temperatures in the Pacific Ocean.}},
Publisher = {{SPRINGER}},
Address = {{233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA}},
Type = {{Article}},
Language = {{English}},
Affiliation = {{Timmermann, A (Corresponding Author), IFM GEOMAR, Leibniz Inst Meereswissensch, Dusternbrooker Weg 20, Kiel, Germany.
   IFM GEOMAR, Leibniz Inst Meereswissensch, Kiel, Germany.
   Florida State Univ, Dept Meteorol, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
   Univ Catholique Louvain, Inst Astron \& Geophys G Lemaitre, B-1348 Louvain, Belgium.}},
DOI = {{10.1007/s00382-004-0434-9}},
ISSN = {{0930-7575}},
Keywords-Plus = {{CLIMATE MODEL SIMULATION; EQUATORIAL PACIFIC; OCEAN CIRCULATION; WIND
   STRESS; SEA-ICE; ATMOSPHERE; SENSITIVITY; VARIABILITY; ATLANTIC; ENSO}},
Research-Areas = {{Meteorology \& Atmospheric Sciences}},
Web-of-Science-Categories  = {{Meteorology \& Atmospheric Sciences}},
Author-Email = {{atimmermann@ifm.uni-kiel.de}},
ResearcherID-Numbers = {{Timmermann, Axel/Y-2799-2019
   Flavio, Justino/AAT-2037-2020
   Timmermann, Axel/F-4977-2011
   }},
ORCID-Numbers = {{Timmermann, Axel/0000-0003-0657-2969
   Timmermann, Axel/0000-0003-0657-2969
   Krebs-Kanzow, Uta/0000-0002-3244-6491}},
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Number-of-Cited-References = {{56}},
Times-Cited = {{42}},
Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {{0}},
Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {{1}},
Journal-ISO = {{Clim. Dyn.}},
Doc-Delivery-Number = {{859NF}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:000224274500008}},
DA = {{2020-08-06}},
}

@article{ ISI:000224657500004,
Author = {McDonald, GW and Patterson, MG},
Title = {{Ecological footprints and interdependencies of New Zealand regions}},
Journal = {{ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS}},
Year = {{2004}},
Volume = {{50}},
Number = {{1-2}},
Pages = {{49-67}},
Month = {{SEP 1}},
Abstract = {{Bicknell et al.'s {[}Ecological Economics 27 (1998) 1491 input-output
   methodology is extended to investigate the Ecological Footprints and
   interdependencies of 16 regions in New Zealand. There is a particular
   focus on the Auckland region as a case study example of the application
   of the methodology. Auckland, New Zealand's primate city, was found to
   have the largest regional footprint of 2.32 million ha (20\% of New
   Zealand's footprint). However, on a per capita basis it had the second
   lowest footprint of all regions at 2.00 ha per person. The footprint
   analysis was extended to demonstrate how Auckland was ecologically
   dependent on other regions, particularly the Waikato region. The
   footprints of other New Zealand regions are reported, along with
   international comparisons. The paper also reviews the theory and
   practice of Ecological Footprinting, as well as commenting on various
   methodological issues that have arisen in the calculation of Ecological
   Footprints. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.}},
Publisher = {{ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV}},
Address = {{PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS}},
Type = {{Article}},
Language = {{English}},
Affiliation = {{Patterson, MG (Corresponding Author), Massey Univ, New Zealand Ctr Ecol Econ, Private Bag 11-222, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
   Massey Univ, New Zealand Ctr Ecol Econ, Palmerston North, New Zealand.}},
DOI = {{10.1016/j.ecolecon.2004.02.008}},
ISSN = {{0921-8009}},
EISSN = {{1873-6106}},
Keywords = {{ecological footprint; environmental indicators; regional
   interdependencies; input-output analysis}},
Keywords-Plus = {{ENERGY; APPROPRIATION; ECOSYSTEMS}},
Research-Areas = {{Environmental Sciences \& Ecology; Business \& Economics}},
Web-of-Science-Categories  = {{Ecology; Economics; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies}},
Author-Email = {{M.G.Patterson@massey.ac.nz}},
Cited-References = {{Ayres RU, 2000, ECOL ECON, V32, P347.
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Number-of-Cited-References = {{53}},
Times-Cited = {{117}},
Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {{2}},
Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {{27}},
Journal-ISO = {{Ecol. Econ.}},
Doc-Delivery-Number = {{864UD}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:000224657500004}},
DA = {{2020-08-06}},
}

@article{ ISI:000221168100006,
Author = {Han, SY and Yoo, SH and Kwak, SJ},
Title = {{The role of the four electric power sectors in the Korean national
   economy: an input-output analysis}},
Journal = {{ENERGY POLICY}},
Year = {{2004}},
Volume = {{32}},
Number = {{13}},
Pages = {{1531-1543}},
Month = {{SEP}},
Abstract = {{The electric power industry has played an important role in the dramatic
   economic development in Korea, and electricity has become a critical
   factor sustaining the well-being of the Korean people. This study uses
   input-output analysis to investigate the role of the four electric power
   sectors (hydroelectric, fossil-fuels, nuclear and non-utility) in the
   Korean national economy for the period 1985-1998, focusing on three
   topics: the impact of electricity supply investment on individual
   sectors and the inter-industry linkage effect: the electricity supply
   shortage effect; and the impact of the rise in electricity rates on
   prices of other products. The overall results reveal that the
   non-utility electric sector is superior in terms of national
   economy-wide effects to the other three sectors throughout the period.
   Finally. potential uses of the results are illustrated from the
   perspective of policy instruments and some policy implications are
   discussed. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.}},
Publisher = {{ELSEVIER SCI LTD}},
Address = {{THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND}},
Type = {{Article}},
Language = {{English}},
Affiliation = {{Kwak, SJ (Corresponding Author), Korea Univ, Dept Econ, 5-1 Anam Dong, Seoul 136701, South Korea.
   Korea Univ, Dept Econ, Seoul 136701, South Korea.
   Korea Ind Technol Assoc, Survey \& Res Team, Seoul 135703, South Korea.
   Hoseo Univ, Sch Econ \& Business, Chungnam 330180, South Korea.}},
DOI = {{10.1016/S0301-4215(03)00125-3}},
ISSN = {{0301-4215}},
Keywords = {{electric power industry; restructuring; input-output analysis}},
Keywords-Plus = {{INDIA}},
Research-Areas = {{Business \& Economics; Energy \& Fuels; Environmental Sciences \&
   Ecology}},
Web-of-Science-Categories  = {{Economics; Energy \& Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental
   Studies}},
Author-Email = {{hansy@koita.or.kr
   shyoo@office.hoseo.ac.kr
   sjkwak@korea.ac.kr}},
ORCID-Numbers = {{Yoo, Seung-Hoon/0000-0001-5048-219X}},
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Number-of-Cited-References = {{19}},
Times-Cited = {{45}},
Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {{0}},
Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {{15}},
Journal-ISO = {{Energy Policy}},
Doc-Delivery-Number = {{817HH}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:000221168100006}},
DA = {{2020-08-06}},
}

@article{ ISI:000223870400002,
Author = {Hastenrath, S and Polzin, D and Camberlin, P},
Title = {{Exploring the predictability of the `Short Rains' at the coast of East
   Africa}},
Journal = {{INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY}},
Year = {{2004}},
Volume = {{24}},
Number = {{11}},
Pages = {{1333-1343}},
Month = {{SEP}},
Abstract = {{The boreal autumn `Short Rains' at the coast of East Africa are
   deficient when there is weak development of a zonal circulation cell
   along the Indian Ocean equator, an anomalously low sea-surface
   temperature in the western portion of the basin, and in the high phase
   of the southern oscillation. Such large-scale circulation departures and
   their precursors are described by compact indices. September values of
   these indices for the period 1958-96 are used to explore the
   predictability of an index (RON) of October-November rainfall at the
   coast of East Africa. Regressions with cross-validation over the entire
   1958-96 period are evaluated for the early (1958-77) and late (1978-96)
   halves of the record. In complementary experiments, the entire record is
   separated into 1958-77 as a training period and 1978-96 as a
   verification period. In all experiments, correlation of calculated
   versus observed rainfall is high for the early record and low for the
   late half of the record, a behaviour not noted in cross-validation over
   the entire 39 year time span. The 11-year sliding correlations of the
   indicated circulation indices with RON all reveal a drastic
   deterioration of relationships from the early to the late half of the
   record, although the equatorial zonal circulation cell appears to remain
   strong throughout. Copyright (C) 2004 Royal Meteorological Society.}},
Publisher = {{WILEY}},
Address = {{111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA}},
Type = {{Article}},
Language = {{English}},
Affiliation = {{Hastenrath, S (Corresponding Author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Atmospher \& Ocean Sci, 1225 W Dayton St, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
   Univ Wisconsin, Dept Atmospher \& Ocean Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
   Univ Bourgogne, Ctr Rech Climatol, Dijon, France.}},
DOI = {{10.1002/joc.1070}},
ISSN = {{0899-8418}},
EISSN = {{1097-0088}},
Keywords = {{East Africa; equatorial Indian Ocean; climate prediction; seasonal
   forecasting; regression; Short Rains; precipitation}},
Keywords-Plus = {{SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; INDIAN-SUMMER MONSOON; ATMOSPHERIC DYNAMICS;
   CLIMATE ANOMALIES; WEST CIRCULATIONS; RAINFALL; VARIABILITY; PREDICTION;
   OCEAN; TELECONNECTION}},
Research-Areas = {{Meteorology \& Atmospheric Sciences}},
Web-of-Science-Categories  = {{Meteorology \& Atmospheric Sciences}},
Author-Email = {{slhasten@facstaff.wisc.edu}},
ORCID-Numbers = {{Camberlin, Pierre/0000-0003-4896-2332}},
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Number-of-Cited-References = {{46}},
Times-Cited = {{40}},
Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {{1}},
Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {{19}},
Journal-ISO = {{Int. J. Climatol.}},
Doc-Delivery-Number = {{853ZU}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:000223870400002}},
DA = {{2020-08-06}},
}

@article{ ISI:000223870400003,
Author = {Gissila, T and Black, E and Grimes, DIF and Slingo, JM},
Title = {{Seasonal forecasting of the Ethiopian summer rains}},
Journal = {{INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY}},
Year = {{2004}},
Volume = {{24}},
Number = {{11}},
Pages = {{1345-1358}},
Month = {{SEP}},
Abstract = {{We present a new seasonal forecasting model for the June-September rains
   in Ethiopia. It has previously been found that the total June-September
   rainfall over the whole country is difficult to predict using
   statistical methods. A detailed study of all available data shows the
   rainfall seasonality varies greatly from one region to another, which
   would explain why the total June-September rainfall over all regions is
   a difficult property to forecast. In addition, the correlation between
   rainfall and the southern oscillation index varies spatially, with a
   strong teleconnection present only in some regions. This study accounts
   for the spatial variability in rainfall by grouping the rain gauge
   stations into four geographical clusters based on seasonality and
   cross-correlation of rainfall anomalies. Linear regression equations are
   then developed separately for each cluster. The variables we use for the
   regressions are sea-surface temperature anomalies in the preceding
   March, April and May of the tropical western Indian Ocean, the tropical
   eastern Indian Ocean, and Nino3.4. Formal skill testing of the equations
   shows that the new forecasting scheme is more effective in central
   western Ethiopia than either climatology or persistence - the methods
   currently used by the Ethiopian National Meteorological Services Agency.
   Copyright (C) 2004 Royal Meteorological Society.}},
Publisher = {{WILEY}},
Address = {{111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA}},
Type = {{Article}},
Language = {{English}},
Affiliation = {{Black, E (Corresponding Author), Univ Reading, Dept Meteorol, Reading RG6 6BB, Berks, England.
   Univ Reading, Dept Meteorol, Reading RG6 6BB, Berks, England.
   Natl Meteorol Serv Agcy, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
   Univ Reading, Ctr Global Atmospher Modeling, Reading, Berks, England.}},
DOI = {{10.1002/joc.1078}},
ISSN = {{0899-8418}},
EISSN = {{1097-0088}},
Keywords = {{Ethiopia; rainfall; seasonal forecasting}},
Keywords-Plus = {{INDIAN-OCEAN; SURFACE-TEMPERATURE; RAINFALL ANOMALIES; EASTERN; AFRICA}},
Research-Areas = {{Meteorology \& Atmospheric Sciences}},
Web-of-Science-Categories  = {{Meteorology \& Atmospheric Sciences}},
Author-Email = {{emily@met.rdg.ac.uk}},
ResearcherID-Numbers = {{Black, Emily/V-4122-2017
   Black, Emily/N-4633-2019}},
ORCID-Numbers = {{Black, Emily/0000-0003-1344-6186
   Black, Emily/0000-0003-1344-6186}},
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   Walker G. T., 1930, MEM ROY METEOROL SOC, V3, P81.}},
Number-of-Cited-References = {{18}},
Times-Cited = {{106}},
Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {{0}},
Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {{11}},
Journal-ISO = {{Int. J. Climatol.}},
Doc-Delivery-Number = {{853ZU}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:000223870400003}},
DA = {{2020-08-06}},
}

@article{ ISI:000223995200013,
Author = {Park, S and Leovy, CB},
Title = {{Marine low-cloud anomalies associated with ENSO}},
Journal = {{JOURNAL OF CLIMATE}},
Year = {{2004}},
Volume = {{17}},
Number = {{17}},
Pages = {{3448-3469}},
Month = {{SEP}},
Abstract = {{As a contribution to understanding the possible impact of altered
   climate regimes on marine clouds, and hence on cloud radiative forcing,
   ship-observed marine low clouds and precipitation frequency for
   individual seasons are regressed at zero lag on an index of El
   Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) for the period December 1955 January
   1996 for ocean areas between 40degreesS and 70degreesN. Seasonal
   anomalies of atmospheric circulation parameters, static stability, and
   SST are also examined in order to illuminate physical mechanisms
   responsible for observed ENSO cloud variations.
   The following extratropical regions exhibit significant ENSO cloud
   anomalies and are discussed in detail: winter-spring North Pacific,
   summer North Pacific, winter western North Atlantic, autumn northeastern
   Atlantic, and western Mediterranean Sea. In all of these regions except
   the summer North Pacific, cloud anomalies are related to jet stream and
   storm track anomalies associated with atmospheric teleconnection
   patterns. The summer North Pacific anomalies are also connected with jet
   stream and storm track anomalies, but these are associated with a
   persistent SST anomaly rather than an atmospheric teleconnection. ENSO
   anomalies in the western and eastern equatorial Pacific are analyzed in
   greater detail than in previous work, as well as those in the Arabian
   Sea during winter and summer monsoons. With the exception of the Arabian
   Sea region in winter, cloud anomalies are consistently related to 1)
   changes in storm tracks and/or 2) changes in low-level static stability
   and temperature advection.}},
Publisher = {{AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC}},
Address = {{45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA}},
Type = {{Article}},
Language = {{English}},
Affiliation = {{Park, S (Corresponding Author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Adv Study Program, 1850 Table Mesa Dr,POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
   Univ Washington, Dept Atmospher Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.}},
DOI = {{10.1175/1520-0442(2004)017<3448:MLAAWE>2.0.CO;2}},
ISSN = {{0894-8755}},
EISSN = {{1520-0442}},
Keywords-Plus = {{SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; RADIATION BUDGET EXPERIMENT; INTERDECADAL
   VARIABILITY; ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION; STRATIFORM CLOUDINESS; SHIP
   OBSERVATIONS; TROPICAL PACIFIC; OCEAN; CLIMATE; PATTERNS}},
Research-Areas = {{Meteorology \& Atmospheric Sciences}},
Web-of-Science-Categories  = {{Meteorology \& Atmospheric Sciences}},
Author-Email = {{sungsup@ucar.edu}},
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Number-of-Cited-References = {{34}},
Times-Cited = {{52}},
Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {{0}},
Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {{9}},
Journal-ISO = {{J. Clim.}},
Doc-Delivery-Number = {{855SW}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:000223995200013}},
OA = {{Bronze}},
DA = {{2020-08-06}},
}

@article{ ISI:000223984200006,
Author = {Ruiz-Napoles, P},
Title = {{Exports, growth, and employment in Mexico, 1978-2000}},
Journal = {{JOURNAL OF POST KEYNESIAN ECONOMICS}},
Year = {{2004}},
Volume = {{27}},
Number = {{1}},
Pages = {{105-124}},
Month = {{FAL}},
Abstract = {{In this paper the results of an export-led growth strategy accompanied
   by a trade liberalization policy implemented in Mexico are analyzed for
   various periods between 1978 and 2000. The input-output analysis is used
   to determine the effects of growing exports on gross output and on the
   level of employment. The results of this analysis allowed us to conclude
   that the positive effect of increasing manufacturing exports on
   production is limited and offset by manufacturing imports, thus
   displacing domestic production. The positive effect of exports on direct
   and indirect employment is not as important as that of domestic
   production. However, these positive effects of exports are accentuated
   by the North American Free Trade Agreement.}},
Publisher = {{M E SHARPE INC}},
Address = {{80 BUSINESS PARK DR, ARMONK, NY 10504 USA}},
Type = {{Article}},
Language = {{English}},
Affiliation = {{Ruiz-Napoles, P (Corresponding Author), Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico.
   Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico.}},
ISSN = {{0160-3477}},
Keywords = {{employment; exports; growth; input-output; liberalization}},
Research-Areas = {{Business \& Economics}},
Web-of-Science-Categories  = {{Economics}},
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Number-of-Cited-References = {{19}},
Times-Cited = {{14}},
Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {{0}},
Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {{5}},
Journal-ISO = {{J. Post Keynes. Econ.}},
Doc-Delivery-Number = {{855OS}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:000223984200006}},
DA = {{2020-08-06}},
}

@article{ ISI:000223888500002,
Author = {Svendby, TM and Dahlback, A},
Title = {{Statistical analysis of total ozone measurements in Oslo, Norway,
   1978-1998}},
Journal = {{JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES}},
Year = {{2004}},
Volume = {{109}},
Number = {{D16}},
Month = {{AUG 31}},
Abstract = {{The total ozone series from Dobson spectrophotometer 56 (D56) operating
   at the University of Oslo (59.9degreesN, 10.7degreesE), Norway, from
   March 1978 to May 1998 has recently been reevaluated. Ozone trends for
   the time series are calculated using multiple regression models with
   explanatory variables for the 11 year solar cycle (lagged 22 months),
   the 2.5 year Quasi-Biennial Oscillation (QBO) cycle, stratospheric
   aerosol loading from volcanoes, detrended temperatures at 100 hPa and
   500 hPa levels, El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events, and various
   teleconnection patterns. Six of the teleconnection explanatory variables
   examined are significant to a 95\% confidence level in describing the
   observed total ozone variations. The year-round total ozone trend in
   Oslo (+/-SD) is estimated to -4.2 +/- 0.4\% per decade, whereas the
   winter and summer trends amount to -6.2 +/- 0.9\% per decade and -2.4
   +/- 0.5\% per decade, respectively. The analyses imply that climatic and
   dynamical changes account for up to a 20\% increase in winter ozone
   trend and a 40\% decrease in summer ozone trend. The East Atlantic Jet
   is the single most dominating teleconnection pattern in Oslo and
   contributes to about 0.7 percentage points per decade change in summer
   total ozone trend. The regression analyses demonstrate that the start
   and termination dates of the ozone record are highly important for the
   trend results: The summer and winter ozone trend can change by 0.9
   percentage points per decade if 1 year is included or omitted from the
   analyses.}},
Publisher = {{AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION}},
Address = {{2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA}},
Type = {{Article}},
Language = {{English}},
Affiliation = {{Svendby, TM (Corresponding Author), Univ Oslo, Dept Phys, POB 1048 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway.
   Univ Oslo, Dept Phys, N-0316 Oslo, Norway.}},
DOI = {{10.1029/2004JD004679}},
Article-Number = {{D16107}},
ISSN = {{2169-897X}},
EISSN = {{2169-8996}},
Keywords = {{ozone; stratosphere; trend; regression analysis; teleconnection indices}},
Keywords-Plus = {{QUASI-BIENNIAL OSCILLATION; TREND ANALYSIS; TEMPERATURE; VARIABILITY;
   SWITZERLAND; PERSISTENCE; ANOMALIES; ERUPTION; WINTER; AROSA}},
Research-Areas = {{Meteorology \& Atmospheric Sciences}},
Web-of-Science-Categories  = {{Meteorology \& Atmospheric Sciences}},
Author-Email = {{t.m.svendby@fys.uio.no
   arne.dahlback@fys.uio.no}},
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Number-of-Cited-References = {{34}},
Times-Cited = {{8}},
Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {{0}},
Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {{1}},
Journal-ISO = {{J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.}},
Doc-Delivery-Number = {{854GA}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:000223888500002}},
DA = {{2020-08-06}},
}

@article{ ISI:000223543900007,
Author = {Rinke, A and Dethloff, K and Fortmann, M},
Title = {{Regional climate effects of Arctic Haze}},
Journal = {{GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS}},
Year = {{2004}},
Volume = {{31}},
Number = {{16}},
Month = {{AUG 17}},
Abstract = {{The direct climate effect of aerosols has been studied within a regional
   atmospheric model of the Arctic. The mean springtime effect on the near
   surface temperature has been estimated and showed to be within +/- 1 K.
   However, the aerosol effect varies strongly regionally depending on the
   surface albedo, atmospheric humidity, and cloud condition of the region.
   The interannual variability of the aerosol effect is very pronounced (
   for the near surface temperature in the order of 2 K) and is connected
   with the strong varying year-specific atmospheric conditions. Due to the
   high horizontal resolution of the model, it was possible to assess the
   influence both on the large-scale as well as on the meso-scale
   atmospheric circulation. Through the aerosol-radiation-circulation
   feedback, the scattering and absorption of radiation by aerosol cause
   pressure pattern changes which have the potential to modify Arctic
   teleconnection patterns like the Barents Sea Oscillation.}},
Publisher = {{AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION}},
Address = {{2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA}},
Type = {{Article}},
Language = {{English}},
Affiliation = {{Rinke, A (Corresponding Author), Alfred Wegener Inst Polar \& Marine Res, Telegrafenberg A43, D-14473 Potsdam, Germany.
   Alfred Wegener Inst Polar \& Marine Res, D-14473 Potsdam, Germany.}},
DOI = {{10.1029/2004GL020318}},
Article-Number = {{L16202}},
ISSN = {{0094-8276}},
EISSN = {{1944-8007}},
Research-Areas = {{Geology}},
Web-of-Science-Categories  = {{Geosciences, Multidisciplinary}},
Author-Email = {{arinke@awi-potsdam.de}},
ResearcherID-Numbers = {{Rinke, Annette/B-4922-2014
   Dethloff, Klaus/B-4879-2014}},
ORCID-Numbers = {{Rinke, Annette/0000-0002-6685-9219
   }},
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   Skeie P, 2000, GEOPHYS RES LETT, V27, P2569, DOI 10.1029/2000GL011529.}},
Number-of-Cited-References = {{18}},
Times-Cited = {{39}},
Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {{0}},
Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {{11}},
Journal-ISO = {{Geophys. Res. Lett.}},
Doc-Delivery-Number = {{849MW}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:000223543900007}},
OA = {{Green Published}},
DA = {{2020-08-06}},
}

@article{ ISI:000223085400041,
Author = {Peeters, FJC and Acheson, R and Brummer, GJA and de Ruijter, WPM and
   Schneider, RR and Ganssen, GM and Ufkes, E and Kroon, D},
Title = {{Vigorous exchange between the Indian and Atlantic oceans at the end of
   the past five glacial periods}},
Journal = {{NATURE}},
Year = {{2004}},
Volume = {{430}},
Number = {{7000}},
Pages = {{661-665}},
Month = {{AUG 5}},
Abstract = {{The magnitude of heat and salt transfer between the Indian and Atlantic
   oceans through `Agulhas leakage' is considered important for balancing
   the global thermohaline circulation(1-3). Increases or reductions of
   this leakage lead to strengthening or weakening of the Atlantic
   meridional overturning and associated variation of North Atlantic Deep
   Water formation(4-6). Here we show that modern Agulhas waters, which
   migrate into the south Atlantic Ocean in the form of an Agulhas ring,
   contain a characteristic assemblage of planktic foraminifera. We use
   this assemblage as a modern analogue to investigate the Agulhas leakage
   history over the past 550,000 years from a sediment record in the Cape
   basin. Our reconstruction indicates that Indian - Atlantic water
   exchange was highly variable: enhanced during present and past
   interglacials and largely reduced during glacial intervals. Coherent
   variability of Agulhas leakage with northern summer insolation suggests
   a teleconnection to the monsoon system. The onset of increased Agulhas
   leakage during late glacial conditions took place when glacial ice
   volume was maximal, suggesting a crucial role for Agulhas leakage in
   glacial terminations, timing of interhemispheric climate change(7) and
   the resulting resumption of the Atlantic meridional overturning
   circulation(6).}},
Publisher = {{NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP}},
Address = {{MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND}},
Type = {{Article}},
Language = {{English}},
Affiliation = {{Peeters, FJC (Corresponding Author), Free Univ Amsterdam, Fac Earth \& Life Sci, Dept Paleoecol \& Paleoclimatol, Boelelaan 1085, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands.
   Free Univ Amsterdam, Fac Earth \& Life Sci, Dept Paleoecol \& Paleoclimatol, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands.
   Netherlands Inst Sea Res, Dept Marine Chem \& Geol, NL-1790 AB Den Burg, Texel, Netherlands.
   Univ Edinburgh, Grant Inst Geol, Sch Geosci, Edinburgh EH9 3JW, Midlothian, Scotland.
   Univ Utrecht, Inst Marine \& Atmospher Res Utrecht, Fac Phys \& Astron, NL-3584 CC Utrecht, Netherlands.
   Univ Bordeaux 1, Dept Geol \& Oceanog, CNRS, UMR EPOC 5805, F-33405 Talence, France.}},
DOI = {{10.1038/nature02785}},
ISSN = {{0028-0836}},
EISSN = {{1476-4687}},
Keywords-Plus = {{SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; SOUTH-ATLANTIC; OVERTURNING CIRCULATION;
   RECORD; COMMUNICATION; FLUCTUATIONS; OCEANOGRAPHY; SECTOR; HEAT}},
Research-Areas = {{Science \& Technology - Other Topics}},
Web-of-Science-Categories  = {{Multidisciplinary Sciences}},
Author-Email = {{frank.peeters@falw.vu.nl}},
ResearcherID-Numbers = {{de Ruijter, Wilhelmus/I-2541-2016
   }},
ORCID-Numbers = {{Peeters, Frank J.C./0000-0002-5678-9288
   Ufkes, E./0000-0003-3257-0203}},
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Number-of-Cited-References = {{31}},
Times-Cited = {{240}},
Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {{1}},
Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {{46}},
Journal-ISO = {{Nature}},
Doc-Delivery-Number = {{843LM}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:000223085400041}},
OA = {{Green Published}},
DA = {{2020-08-06}},
}

@article{ ISI:000224314100006,
Author = {Chang, YS and Jeon, D and Lee, H and An, HS and Seo, JW and Youn, YH},
Title = {{Interannual variability and lagged correlation during strong El Nino
   events in the Pacific Ocean}},
Journal = {{CLIMATE RESEARCH}},
Year = {{2004}},
Volume = {{27}},
Number = {{1}},
Pages = {{51-58}},
Month = {{AUG 4}},
Abstract = {{Interannual climate variability in the Pacific Ocean is investigated
   using historical data for precipitation, sea-surface temperature (SST)
   and sea-surface height (SSH). Emphasis is placed on examining the
   regional correlation, teleconnection patterns and their time lags.
   Spatial and temporal relationships are examined using empirical
   orthogonal functions (EOFs), wavelet transform and cross correlation
   analyses. All the analyzed data derived from first modes of EOFs show
   interannual variability very similar to those of Nino indices.
   Associated time series from second modes of EOFs explaining strong El
   Nino episodes have a high correlation with those of first modes at a
   time lag of about 9 to 11 mo. Spatial distributions of the strong El
   Nino modes and the lagged correlations with Nino3 region show a possible
   teleconnection pattern of the eastward migration of the Pacific climate
   system.}},
Publisher = {{INTER-RESEARCH}},
Address = {{NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY}},
Type = {{Article}},
Language = {{English}},
Affiliation = {{Chang, YS (Corresponding Author), Meteorol Res Inst, Marine Meteorol \& Earthquake Res Lab, Seoul 156720, South Korea.
   Meteorol Res Inst, Marine Meteorol \& Earthquake Res Lab, Seoul 156720, South Korea.
   Korea Ocean Res \& Dev Inst, Ocean Environm \& Climate Div, Seoul 425600, South Korea.
   Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Earth Sci Educ, Seoul 151742, South Korea.}},
DOI = {{10.3354/cr027051}},
ISSN = {{0936-577X}},
EISSN = {{1616-1572}},
Keywords = {{interannual variability; regional correlation; teleconnection; EOF;
   wavelet transform; cross correlation; strong El Nino}},
Keywords-Plus = {{TERM CLIMATIC VARIABILITY; SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURES; NORTH PACIFIC;
   SOUTHERN OSCILLATION; EQUATORIAL PACIFIC; THROUGHFLOW; PRESSURE}},
Research-Areas = {{Environmental Sciences \& Ecology; Meteorology \& Atmospheric Sciences}},
Web-of-Science-Categories  = {{Environmental Sciences; Meteorology \& Atmospheric Sciences}},
Author-Email = {{you@metri.re.kr}},
ORCID-Numbers = {{Chang, You-Soon/0000-0002-8625-1876}},
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Number-of-Cited-References = {{21}},
Times-Cited = {{4}},
Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {{0}},
Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {{4}},
Journal-ISO = {{Clim. Res.}},
Doc-Delivery-Number = {{860BZ}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:000224314100006}},
OA = {{Bronze}},
DA = {{2020-08-06}},
}

@article{ ISI:000223717000007,
Author = {Frederiksen, CS and Zheng, X},
Title = {{Variability of seasonal-mean fields arising from intraseasonal
   variability. part 2, application to nh winter circulations}},
Journal = {{CLIMATE DYNAMICS}},
Year = {{2004}},
Volume = {{23}},
Number = {{2}},
Pages = {{193-206}},
Month = {{AUG}},
Abstract = {{A method for studying patterns of interannual variability arising from
   intraseasonal variability has been applied to the extratropical Northern
   Hemisphere wintertime 500 hPa geopotential height, using data from the
   NCEP-NCAR. These patterns describe the effects predominantly of
   intraseasonal variability and blocking. Removing this component from the
   sample interannual covariance matrix, one can define a ``residual{''},
   or ``slow{''}, component of interannual variability that is more closely
   related to external forcings and very slowly varying
   (interannual/supra-annual) internal dynamics. For the Northern
   Hemisphere NCEP-NCAR reanalysis data, there are considerable differences
   between the intraseasonal patterns and the total patterns. The
   intraseasonal patterns are more spatially localized and more closely
   related to known intraseasonal variability, especially blocking events
   and the Madden-Julian Oscillation.

license_type: permissive

branch_name: refs/heads/master

extension: bib