text:
ial electrograms.",
  journal =      "Biomed Eng Online",
  year =         "2011",
  volume =       "10",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "35",
  robnote =      "ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Representation of independent
                 biophysical sources using Fourier analysis can be
                 inefficient because the basis is sinusoidal and general.
                 When complex fractionated atrial electrograms (CFAE) are
                 acquired during atrial fibrillation (AF), the electrogram
                 morphology depends on the mix of distinct nonsinusoidal
                 generators. Identification of these generators using
                 efficient methods of representation and comparison would
                 be useful for targeting catheter ablation sites to prevent
                 arrhythmia reinduction. METHOD: A data-driven basis and
                 transform is described which utilizes the ensemble average
                 of signal segments to identify and distinguish CFAE
                 morphologic components and frequencies. Calculation of the
                 dominant frequency (DF) of actual CFAE, and identification
                 of simulated independent generator frequencies and
                 morphologies embedded in CFAE, is done using a total of
                 216 recordings from 10 paroxysmal and 10 persistent AF
                 patients. The transform is tested versus Fourier analysis
                 to detect spectral components in the presence of phase
                 noise and interference. Correspondence is shown between
                 ensemble basis vectors of highest power and corresponding
                 synthetic drivers embedded in CFAE. RESULTS: The ensemble
                 basis is orthogonal, and efficient for representation of
                 CFAE components as compared with Fourier analysis
                 (p<=0.002). When three synthetic drivers with additive
                 phase noise and interference were decomposed, the top
                 three peaks in the ensemble power spectrum corresponded to
                 the driver frequencies more closely as compared with top
                 Fourier power spectrum peaks (p<=0.005). The synthesized
                 drivers with phase noise and interference were extractable
                 from their corresponding ensemble basis with a mean error
                 of less than 10\%. CONCLUSIONS: The new transform is able
                 to efficiently identify CFAE features using DF calculation
                 and by discerning morphologic differences. Unlike the
                 Fourier transform method, it does not distort CFAE signals
                 prior to analysis, and is relatively robust to jitter in
                 periodic events. Thus the ensemble method can provide a
                 useful alternative for quantitative characterization of
                 CFAE during clinical study.",
  bibdate =      "Sun May 29 07:37:41 2011",
}

@Article{RSM:Cia2011d,
  author =       "E.J. Ciaccio and A.B. Biviano and W. Whang and J.A. Vest
                 and A. Gambhir and A.J. Einstein and H. Garan",
  title =        "Differences in Repeating Patterns of Complex Fractionated
                 Left Atrial Electrograms in Longstanding Persistent as
                 Compared with Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation.",
  journal =      j-CAE,
  year =         "2011",
  pages =        "35",
  robnote =      "BACKGROUND: -Complex fractionated atrial electrograms
                 (CFAE) are morphologically more uniform in persistent
                 longstanding as compared with paroxysmal atrial
                 fibrillation (AF). It was hypothesized that this may
                 result from a greater degree of repetitiveness in CFAE
                 patterns at disparate left atrial (LA) sites in
                 longstanding AF. METHODS AND RESULTS: -CFAEs were obtained
                 from recording sites outside the four pulmonary vein (PV)
                 ostia, and at a posterior and an anterior LA site, during
                 paroxysmal and longstanding persistent AF (10 patients
                 each, 120 sequences total). To quantify repetitiveness in
                 CFAE, the dominant frequency (DF) was measured from
                 ensemble spectra using 8.4-second sequences, and
                 repetitiveness was calculated by two novel techniques,
                 linear prediction and Fourier reconstruction methods.
                 Lower prediction and reconstruction errors were considered
                 indicative of increasing repetitiveness and decreasing
                 randomness. In paroxysmal AF patients, CFAE pattern
                 repetitiveness was significantly lower (randomness higher)
                 at antral sites outside PV ostia, as compared with LA free
                 wall sites (p<0.001). In longstanding AF, repetitiveness
                 increased outside the PV ostia especially outside the left
                 superior PV ostium, and diminished at the LA free wall
                 sites. The result was that in persistent AF, there were no
                 significant site-specific differences in CFAE
                 repetitiveness at the selected LA locations used in this
                 study. Average DF magnitude was 5.32+/-0.29Hz in
                 paroxysmal AF and higher in longstanding AF at
                 6.27+/-0.13Hz (p<0.001), with the frequency of local
                 activation approaching a common upper bound for all sites.
                 CONCLUSIONS: -In paroxysmal AF, CFAE repetitiveness is low
                 and randomness high outside the PVs, particularly the left
                 superior PV. As evolution to persistent, longstanding AF
                 occurs, CFAE repetitiveness becomes more uniformly
                 distributed at disparate sites, possibly signifying an
                 increasing number of drivers from remote PVs.",
  bibdate =      "Sun May 29 07:37:41 2011",
}

@Article{RSM:Cia84,
  author =       "S. Ciarcia",
  title =        "An Ultrasonic Ranging System",
  journal =      j-BYTE,
  year =         "1984",
  month =        oct,
  pages =        "113--123",
  robnote =      "A Ciarcia circuit cellar project about an ultrasonic
                 ranging system, kind of neat and maybe with some
                 science applications., CompHard063",
}

@Article{RSM:Cia84b,
  author =       "S. Ciarcia",
  title =        "Build the {AC} Power Monitor",
  journal =      j-BYTE,
  year =         "1984",
  month =        sep,
  pages =        "107--120",
  robnote =      "A Ciarcia circuit cellar project to use the computer
                 to measure AC power consumption., CompHard064",
}

@Article{RSM:Cia84c,
  author =       "S. Ciarcia",
  title =        "Build the Power {I}/{O} System",
  journal =      j-BYTE,
  year =         "1984",
  month =        dec,
  pages =        "105--118",
  robnote =      "A Ciarcia circuit cellar project to control power in
                 the ``real world'' with your computer., CompHard067",
}

@Article{RSM:Cia85,
  author =       "S. Ciarcia",
  title =        "Understanding linear power supplies",
  journal =      j-BYTE,
  year =         "1985",
  pages =        "99--108",
  month =        jan,
  robnote =      "Good article on power supplies and how to build them.
                 I used it for one I designed to recharge batteries of
                 the mapping system.",
}

@Article{RSM:Cia85b,
  author =       "S. Ciarcia",
  title =        "Build the Home Run Control System",
  journal =      j-BYTE,
  year =         "1985",
  month =        apr,
  pages =        "103--110",
  robnote =      "A Ciarcia circuit cellar project for a home control
                 system, energy management, convenience and security in
                 one package., CompHard066",
}

@Book{RSM:Cia91,
  author =       "P.G. Ciarlet and J. L Lions",
  title =        "Handbook of Numerical Analysis: Finite Element
                 Methods",
  volume =       "1",
  publisher =    "North-Holland",
  address =      "Amsterdam",
  year =         "1991",
}

@Article{RSM:Cin97,
  author =       "J. Cinca and M. Warren and M. Tresanchez and L.
                 Armadans and P. Gomez and J. Soler-Soler",
  title =        "Changes in Myocardial Electrical Impedence Induced by
                 Coronary Artery Occlusion in pigs With and Without
                 Preconditioning: Correlation with Local {ST}-Segment
                 potential and Ventricular Arrhythmias",
  journal =      j-C,
  year =         "1997",
  volume =       "96",
  pages =        "3079--3086",
  robnote =      "Paper seems to suggest preconditioning delays
                 cell-cell uncoupling. Crtiticized for use
                 alpha-chloralose (arrhythmogenic) and reporting
                 epicardial ST shifts without reporting temperature
                 measurements",
}

@Article{RSM:Cip92,
  author =       "B. Cipra",
  title =        "Putting the pedal to the metal in a controlled chaotic
                 laser",
  journal =      j-SCI,
  year =         "1992",
  volume =       "258",
  pages =        "1309",
  month =        nov,
  robnote =      "Another of a nice set of recent articles in which the
                 mathematics of chaos has been used as a means of
                 actually controlling a system that exhibits non-linear
                 dynamics. This one uses a control system to permit
                 greater output from lasers by monitoring and
                 controlling the modes of the laser, even as the power
                 was cranked up. The key to this work is the stabilizing
                 of a system over a range of parameter values, not just
                 at a stable state.",
}

@Article{RSM:Cla2001,
  author =       "C.E. Clancy and Y. Rudy",
  title =        "Cellular consequences of {HERG} mutations in the long
                 {QT} syndrome: precursors to sudden cardiac death.",
  journal =      "Cardiovasc Res",
  year =         "2001",
  month =        may,
  volume =       "50",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "301--313",
  robnote =      "BACKGROUND: A variety of mutations in HERG, the major
                 subunit of the rapidly activating component of the
                 cardiac delayed rectifier I(Kr), have been found to
                 underlie the congenital Long-QT syndrome, LQT2. LQT2
                 may give rise to severe arrhythmogenic phenotypes
                 leading to sudden cardiac death. OBJECTIVE: We attempt
                 to elucidate the mechanisms by which heterogeneous LQT2
                 genotypes can lead to prolongation of the action
                 potential duration (APD) and consequently the QT
                 interval on the ECG. METHODS: We develop Markovian
                 models of wild-type (WT) and mutant I(Kr) channels and
                 incorporate these models into a comprehensive model of
                 the cardiac ventricular cell. RESULTS: Using this
                 virtual transgenic cell model, we describe the effects
                 of HERG mutations on the cardiac ventricular action
                 potential (AP) and provide insight into the mechanism
                 by which each defect results in a net loss of
                 repolarizing current and prolongation of APD.
                 CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates which mutations
                 can prolong APD sufficiently to generate early
                 afterdepolarizations (EADs), which may trigger
                 life-threatening arrhythmias. The severity of the
                 phenotype is shown to depend on the specific kinetic
                 changes and how they affect I(Kr) during the time
                 course of the action potential. Clarifying how defects
                 in HERG can lead to impaired cellular electrophysiology
                 can improve our understanding of the link between
                 channel structure and cellular function.",
  bibdate =      "Fri Nov 23 18:06:43 2001",
}

@Article{RSM:Cla2001b,
  author =       "R.H. Clayton",
  title =        "Computational models of normal and abnormal action
                 potential propagation in cardiac tissue: linking
                 experimental and clinical cardiology",
  journal =      "Physiol. Meas.",
  year =         "2001",
  volume =       "22",
  pages =        "R15--R34",
  robnote =      "a review article on computation approaches in cardiac
                 electrophysiology. Include cell models, tissue models,
                 and propagation, with a little on computational
                 considerations.",
  bibdate =      "Mon Oct 30 20:01:06 2006",
}

@Article{RSM:Cla2015,
  author =       "R.H. Clayton and M.P. Nash",
  title =        "Analysis of cardiac fibrillation using phase mapping.",
  journal =      "Card Electrophysiol Clin",
  year =         "2015",
  month =        "Mar",
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "49--58",
  robnote =      "The sequence of myocardial electrical activation during
                 fibrillation is complex and changes with each cycle. Phase
                 analysis represents the electrical activation-recovery
                 process as an angle. Lines of equal phase converge at a
                 phase singularity at the center of rotation of a reentrant
                 wave, and the identification of reentry and tracking of
                 reentrant wavefronts can be automated. We examine the
                 basic ideas behind phase analysis. With the exciting
                 prospect of using phase analysis of atrial electrograms to
                 guide ablation in the human heart, we highlight several
                 recent developments in preprocessing electrograms so that
                 phase can be estimated reliably.",
  bibdate =      "Mon May 11 21:58:58 2015",
}

@Article{RSM:Cla85,
  author =       "F.J. Claydon and T.C. Pilkington and R.E. Ideker",
  title =        "Classification of Heart Tissue from Bipolar and
                 Unipolar Intramural Potentials",
  journal =      j-BME,
  year =         "1985",
  volume =       "32",
  pages =        "513--519",
  robnote =      ", Ischemia002",
}

@Article{RSM:Cla88,
  author =       "F.J. Claydon and T.C. Pilkington and A.S.L. Tang and
                 M.N. Morrow and R.E. Ideker",
  title =        "A Volume Conductor Model of the Thorax for the Study
                 of Defibrillation Fields",
  journal =      j-BME,
  year =         "1988",
  volume =       "35",
  pages =        "981--992",
  month =         "Nov.",
  robnote =      "A paper from the Duke group using boundary element
                 methods to come up with a solution to the inverse
                 problem for defibrillation. thesis, TorsoModel007",
}

@InProceedings{RSM:Cla88b,
  author =       "F.J. Claydon and T.C. Pilkington and A.S. Tang and
                 M.N. Morrow and R.E. Ideker",
  title =        "Comparison of Measured and Calculated Epicardial
                 Potentials During Transthoracic Stimulation",
  booktitle =    "IEEE EMBS 10th  Ann. Intl. Conf.",
  publisher =    "IEEE Press",
  address =      "New Orleans, Louisiana, USA",
  year =         "1988",
  pages =        "206--207",
  robnote =      "A paper on modelling of the defibrillation pulse on
                 the epicardial surface, inverse solution thesis,
                 TorsoModel073",
}

@Article{RSM:Cla99,
  author =       "C.E. Clancy and Y. Rudy",
  title =        "Linking a genetic defect to its cellular phenotype in
                 a cardiac arrhythmia.",
  journal =      "Nature",
  year =         "1999",
  month =        aug,
  volume =       "400",
  number =       "6744",
  pages =        "566--509",
  robnote =      "Advances in genetics and molecular biology have
                 provided an extensive body of information on the
                 structure and function of the elementary building
                 blocks of living systems. Genetic defects in membrane
                 ion channels can disrupt the delicate balance of
                 dynamic interactions between the ion channels and the
                 cellular environment, leading to altered cell function.
                 As ion-channel defects are typically studied in
                 isolated expression systems, away from the cellular
                 environment where they function physiologically, a
                 connection between molecular findings and the
                 physiology and pathophysiology of the cell is rarely
                 established. Here we describe a single-channel-based
                 Markovian modelling approach that bridges this gap. We
                 achieve this by determining the cellular arrhythmogenic
                 consequences of a mutation in the cardiac sodium
                 channel that can lead to a clinical arrhythmogenic
                 disorder (the long-QT syndrome) and sudden cardiac
                 death.",
  bibdate =      "Fri Nov 23 18:06:43 2001",
}

@Article{RSM:Cle2016,
  author =       "M. Clerx and P. Collins and E. de Lange and P.G. Volders",
  title =        "Myokit: A simple interface to cardiac cellular
                 electrophysiology.",
  journal =      "Prog Biophys Mol Biol",
  year =         "2016",
  month =        "Jan",
  volume =       "120",
  number =       "1-3",
  pages =        "100--114",
  robnote =      "Myokit is a new powerful and versatile software tool for
                 modeling and simulation of cardiac cellular
                 electrophysiology. Myokit consists of an easy-to-read
                 modeling language, a graphical user interface, single and
                 multi-cell simulation engines and a library of advanced
                 analysis tools accessible through a Python interface.
                 Models can be loaded from Myokit's native file format or
                 imported from CellML. Model export is provided to C,
                 MATLAB, CellML, CUDA and OpenCL. Patch-clamp data can be
                 imported and used to estimate model parameters. In this
                 paper, we review existing tools to simulate the cardiac
                 cellular action potential to find that current tools do
                 not cater specifically to model development and that there
                 is a gap between easy-to-use but limited software and
                 powerful tools that require strong programming skills from
                 their users. We then describe Myokit's capabilities,
                 focusing on its model description language, simulation
                 engines and import/export facilities in detail. Using
                 three examples, we show how Myokit can be used for
                 clinically relevant investigations, multi-model testing
                 and parameter estimation in Markov models, all with
                 minimal programming effort from the user. This way, Myokit
                 bridges a gap between performance, versatility and
                 user-friendliness.",
  bibdate =      "Sun Feb 24 09:51:43 2019",
}

@Article{RSM:Cle90,
  author =       "M. Cleman and D. Wohlgelernter and H. Cabin and M.
                 Remetz and S. McConnell and C.C. Jaffe",
  title =        "Myocardial dysfunction during percutaneous
                 transluminal coronary angioplasty",
  journal =      j-C,
  year =         "1990",
  volume =       "81",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "IV14--IV19",
  month =        mar,
  robnote =      "? No hard copy",
}

@Article{RSM:Clu2012,
  author =       "M.J. Cluitmans and R.L. Peeters and P.G. Volders and R.L.
                 Westra",
  title =        "Realistic training data improve noninvasive
                 reconstruction of heart-surface potentials.",
  journal =      "Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc",
  year =         "2012",
  volume =       "2012",
  pages =        "6373--6376",
  robnote =      "The inverse problem of electrocardiography is to
                 noninvasively reconstruct electrical heart activity from
                 body-surface electrocardiograms. Solving this problem is
                 beneficial to clinical practice. However, reconstructions
                 cannot be obtained straightforwardly due to the ill-posed
                 nature of this problem. Therefore, regularization schemes
                 are necessary to arrive at realistic solutions. To date,
                 no electrophysiological data have been used in
                 reconstruction methods and regularization schemes. In this
                 study, we used a training set of simulated heart-surface
                 potentials to create a realistic basis for reconstructions
                 of electrical cardiac activity. We tested this method in
                 computer simulations and in one patient. The quality of
                 reconstruction improved significantly after projection of
                 the results of traditional regularization methods on this
                 new basis, both in silico (p<0.01) and in vivo
                 (p<0.05). Thus, we demonstrate that the novel concept
                 of applying electrophysiological data might be useful to
                 improve noninvasive reconstruction of electrical heart
                 activity.",
  bibdate =      "Thu Oct 27 09:51:15 2016",
}

@Article{RSM:Clu2013,
  author =       "M.J. Cluitmans and J.M. Karel and P. Bonizzi and P.G.
                 Volders and R.L. Westra and R.L. Peeters",
  title =        "Wavelet-sparsity based regularization over time in the
                 inverse problem of electrocardiography.",
  journal =      "Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc",
  year =         "2013",
  volume =       "2013",
  pages =        "3781--3784",
  robnote =      "Noninvasive, detailed assessment of electrical cardiac
                 activity at the level of the heart surface has the
                 potential to revolutionize diagnostics and therapy of
                 cardiac pathologies. Due to the requirement of
                 noninvasiveness, body-surface potentials are measured and
                 have to be projected back to the heart surface, yielding
                 an ill-posed inverse problem. Ill-posedness ensures that
                 there are non-unique solutions to this problem, resulting
                 in a problem of choice. In the current paper, it is
                 proposed to restrict this choice by requiring that the
                 time series of reconstructed heart-surface potentials is
                 sparse in the wavelet domain. A local search technique is
                 introduced that pursues a sparse solution, using an
                 orthogonal wavelet transform. Epicardial potentials
                 reconstructed from this method are compared to those from
                 existing methods, and validated with actual intracardiac
                 recordings. The new technique improves the reconstructions
                 in terms of smoothness and recovers physiologically
                 meaningful details. Additionally, reconstruction of
                 activation timing seems to be improved when pursuing
                 sparsity of the reconstructed signals in the wavelet
                 domain.",
  bibdate =      "Thu Oct 27 09:51:15 2016",
}

@Article{RSM:Clu2015,
  author =       "M.J. Cluitmans and R.L. Peeters and R.L. Westra and P.G.
                 Volders",
  title =        "Noninvasive reconstruction of cardiac electrical
                 activity: update on current methods, applications and
                 challenges.",
  journal =      "Neth. Heart J.",
  year =         "2015",
  month =        "Apr",
  pages =        "Epub ahead of print",
  robnote =      "Electrical activity at the level of the heart muscle can
                 be noninvasively reconstructed from body-surface
                 electrocardiograms (ECGs) and patient-specific torso-heart
                 geometry. This modality, coined electrocardiographic
                 imaging, could fill the gap between the noninvasive
                 (low-resolution) 12-lead ECG and invasive
                 (high-resolution) electrophysiology studies. Much progress
                 has been made to establish electrocardiographic imaging,
                 and clinical studies appear with increasing frequency.
                 However, many assumptions and model choices are involved
                 in its execution, and only limited validation has been
                 performed. In this article, we will discuss the technical
                 details, clinical applications and current limitations of
                 commonly used methods in electrocardiographic imaging. It
                 is important for clinicians to realise the influence of
                 certain assumptions and model choices for correct and
                 careful interpretation of the results. This, in
                 combination with more extensive validation, will allow for
                 exploitation of the full potential of noninvasive
                 electrocardiographic imaging as a powerful clinical tool
                 to expedite diagnosis, guide therapy and improve risk
                 stratification.",
  bibdate =      "Mon May 11 22:25:56 2015",
}

@Article{RSM:Clu2017,
  author =       "MJM Cluitmans and P. Bonizzi and JMH Karel and M. Das and
                 BLJH Kietselaer and MMJ de Jong and F.W. Prinzen and RLM
                 Peeters and R.L. Westra and PGA Volders",
  title =        "In Vivo Validation of Electrocardiographic Imaging.",
  journal =      "JACC Clin Electrophysiol",
  year =         "2017",
  month =        "Mar",
  volume =       "3",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "232--242",
  robnote =      "OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the
                 accuracy of noninvasive reconstructions of epicardial
                 potentials, electrograms, activation and recovery
                 isochrones, and beat origins by simultaneously performing
                 electrocardiographic imaging (ECGI) and invasive
                 epicardial electrography in intact animals. BACKGROUND:
                 Noninvasive imaging of electrical potentials at the
                 epicardium, known as ECGI, is increasingly applied in
                 patients to assess normal and abnormal cardiac electrical
                 activity. METHODS: Body-surface potentials and epicardial
                 potentials were recorded in normal anesthetized dogs.
                 Computed tomography scanning provided a torso-heart
                 geometry that was used to reconstruct epicardial
                 potentials from body-surface potentials. RESULTS:
                 Electrogram reconstructions attained a moderate accuracy
                 compared with epicardial recordings (median correlation
                 coefficient: 0.71), but with considerable variation
                 (interquartile range: 0.36 to 0.86). This variation could
                 be explained by a spatial mismatch (overall resolution was
                 <20 mm) that was most apparent in regions with
                 electrographic transition. More accurate derivation of
                 activation times (Pearson R: 0.82), recovery times (R:
                 0.73), and the origin of paced beats (median error: 10 mm;
                 interquartile range: 7 to 17 mm) was achieved by a
                 spatiotemporal approach that incorporates the
                 characteristics of the respective electrogram and
                 neighboring electrograms. Reconstruction of beats from
                 repeated single-site pacing showed a stable localization
                 of origin. Cardiac motion, currently ignored in ECGI,
                 correlates negatively with reconstruction accuracy.
                 CONCLUSIONS: ECGI shows a decent median accuracy, but
                 variability in electrogram reconstruction can be sizable.
                 At present, therefore, clinical interpretations of ECGI
                 should not be made on the basis of single electrograms
                 only. Incorporating local spatiotemporal characteristics
                 allows for accurate reconstruction of epicardial
                 activation and recovery patterns, and beat origin
                 localization to a 10-mm precision. Even more reliable
                 interpretations are expected when the influences of
                 cardiac motion are accounted for in ECGI.",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jun 29 09:42:42 2019",
}

@Article{RSM:Clu2018,
  author = 	 "M. Cluitmans and D.H. Brooks and R.S. MacLeod and O. Doessel
                  and M. Guillem and P. Van Dam and J. Svehlikova and B. He and
                  J. Sapp and L. Wang and L.R. Bear",
  title = 	 "Consensus on validation and opportunities of
                  electrocardiographic imaging: {F}rom technical achievements to
                  clinical applications",
  journal = 	 j-FP,
  year = 	 2018,
  volume = 	 9,
  number = 	 1305,
  pages  =       "1--19",
  month = 	 "September",
  PMCID =        "6158556",
  Robnote = 	 "ECGI paper"
}

@InProceedings{RSM:Clu2018a,
  author = 	 " M. Cluitmans and S. Ghimire and J. Dhamala and J. Coll-Font
                  and J.D. Tate and S. Giffard-Roisin and J. Svehlikova and
                  O. Doessel and M. S Guillem and D.H. Brooks and R.S. MacLeod
                  and L. Wang",
  title = 	 "Noninvasive localization of premature ventricular complexes:
                  {A} research-community-based approach",
  booktitle = "European Heart Rhythm Meeting",
  year = 	 2018,
  organization = "European Heart Rhythm Society",
  Robnote = 	 "Conference paper with Matthijs"
}

@Article{RSM:Cob68,
  author =       "F.R. Cobb and S.D. Blumenschein and W.C. Sealy",
  title =        "Successful surgical interruption of the bundle of
                 {K}ent in a patient with {W}olff-{P}arkinson-{W}hite
                 syndrome",
  journal =      j-C,
  year =         "1968",
  volume =       "38",
  pages =        "1016",
  robnote =      "Earliest reference I found to treating WPW using
                 cardiac mapping, no hard copy, reffed in RSM:Ide87",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 03 16:28:47 1998",
}

@Article{RSM:Coc2014,
  author =       "H. Cochet and R. Dubois and F. Sacher and N. Derval and
                 M. Sermesant and M. Hocini and M. Montaudon and M.
                 Haissaguerre and F. Laurent and P. Jais",
  title =        "Cardiac arrythmias: multimodal assessment integrating
                 body surface ECG mapping into cardiac imaging.",
  journal =      "Radiology",
  year =         "2014",
  month =        "Apr",
  volume =       "271",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "239--247",
  robnote =      "PURPOSE: To demonstrate the feasibility of comprehensive
                 assessment of cardiac arrhythmias by combining body
                 surface electrocardiographic (ECG) mapping (BSM) and
                 imaging. Twenty-seven patients referred
                 for electrophysiologic procedures in the context of
                 ventricular tachycardia (VT) (n = 9),
                 Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome (n = 2), atrial
                 fibrillation (AF) (n = 13), or scar-related ventricular
                 fibrillation (VF) (n = 3) were examined.
                 Acquisition, segmentation, and registration were feasible
                 in all patients. In VT, this enabled a noninvasive
                 assessment of the arrhythmia mechanism and its location
                 with respect to the myocardial substrate, coronary
                 vessels, and phrenic nerve. In WPW syndrome, this enabled
                 understanding of complex accessory pathways resistant to
                 previous ablation. In AF and VF, this enabled the
                 noninvasive assessment of arrhythmia mechanisms and the
                 analysis of rotor trajectories with respect to the
                 myocardial substrate. In all patients, models were
                 successfully integrated in navigation systems and used to
                 guide mapping and ablation. ",
  bibdate =      "Mon May 11 22:05:54 2015",
}

@Article{RSM:Coh67,
  author =       "Cohen D.",
  title =        "Magnetic Field Around the Torso; Production by
                 Electrical Activity in the Human Heart",
  journal =      "Science",
  year =         "1967",
  volume =       "15",
  pages =        "652--654",
  robnote =      "MCG, MIT shielded room, David Cohen again., ECG040",
}

@Article{RSM:Coh69,
  author =       "D. Cohen and L. Chandler",
  title =        "Measurements and Simplified Interpretation of
                 Magnetocardiograms from Humans",
  journal =      j-C,
  year =         "1969",
  volume =       "3",
  pages =        "395--402",
  month  =        "Mar.",
  robnote =      "MCG data from humans, ion currents, rotating dipole,
                 electricl model, another Cohen paper from shielded room
                 at MIT, ECG039",
}

@Article{RSM:Coh70,
  author =       "D. Cohen and E.A. Edelsack and J.E. Zimmerman",
  title =        "Magnetocardiograms Taken Inside a Shielded Room with a
                 Superconducting Point-Contact Magnetometer",
  journal =      "Applied Physics Letters",
  year =         "1970",
  volume =       "1",
  pages =        "278--280",
  robnote =      "Must be one of the first publications of David Cohen's
                 shielded room measurements for MCG, SQUID
                 magnetomoter., ECG036",
}

@Article{RSM:Coh71,
  author =       "D. Cohen and J.C. Norman and F. Molokhia and W. Hood",
  title =        "Magnetocardiography of Direct Currents: {ST-S}egment
                 and Baseline Shift during Experimental Myocardial
                 Infarction",
  journal =      "Science",
  year =         "1971",
  volume =       "17",
  pages =        "1329--1333",
  robnote =      "MCG, infarction, ischemia, experimental work done on
                 dogs, MIT, ECG041",
}

@Article{RSM:Coh72,
  author =       "D. Cohen and D. McCaughen",
  title =        "Magnetocardiograms and Their Variation Over The Chest
                 in Normal Subjects",
  journal =      j-AJC,
  year =         "1972",
  volume =       "2",
  pages =        "678--685",
  robnote =      "Normal MCG measurements from the shielded room at
                 MIT., ECG038",
}

@Article{RSM:Coh74,
  author =       "L.B. Cohen and B.M. Salzburg and H.V. Davila and W.N.
                 Ross and A.S. Landowne and A.S. Waggoner and C.H.
                 Wang",
  title =        "Changes in Axon Fluorecence during Activity: Molecular
                 Probes of Membrane Potential",
  journal =      "J. Membrane Biol.",
  year =         "1974",
  volume =       "1",
  pages =        "1--35",
  robnote =      ", CellPhysiol009",
}

@Article{RSM:Coh76b,
  author =       "D. Cohen and H. Hosaka",
  title =        "Part {II}: magnetic field produced by a current
                 dipole.",
  journal =      j-JE,
  year =         "1976",
  volume =       "9",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "409--417",
  robnote =      "One of a series of 4 articles by Cohen et al on the
                 MCG, all part of a special issue on MCG",
}

@Article{RSM:Coh84,
  author =       "Cohem D. and I. Nemoto",
  title =        "Ferrimagnetic Particles in the Lung Part {I}: Tha
                 Magnetizing Process",
  journal =      j-BME,
  year =         "1984",
  volume =       "31",
  pages =        "261--285",
  robnote =      "Magnetic measurements of the lungs now, at MIT in the
                 shielded room, ECG044",
}

@InCollection{RSM:Coh86,
  author =       "M. Cohen and K.P. Rentrop",
  title =        "Assessment of the Dynamic and Functional
                 Characteristics of Collateral Flow Observed During
                 Sudden Controlled Coronary Artery Occlusion",
  booktitle =    "Coronary Angioplasty: {A} Controlled Model for
                 Ischemia",
  editor =       "P.W. Serruys and G.T. Meester",
  publisher =    "Martinus Nijhoff Publishers",
  address =      "Dordrecht/Boston/Lancaster",
  year =         "1986",
  pages =        "115--131",
  robnote =      "thesis, PTCA053",
}

@Article{RSM:Coh89,
  author =       "I.S. Cohen and D. DiFrancesco and N.K. Mulrine and P.
                 Pennefather",
  title =        "Internal and External {${\rm K^{+}}$} help gate the
                 Inward Rectifier",
  journal =      j-BJ,
  year =         "1989",
  volume =       "55",
  pages =        "197--202",
  robnote =      "A channel level paper about the effect of external
                 potassium on a certain potassium channels in Purkinje
                 fibres, ischemia-related but not applicable to the
                 present problem. thesis, CardCell038",
}

@Article{RSM:Coh90,
  author =       "G.I. Cohen and K.L. Chan",
  title =        "Transesophageal Echocardiography--{C}linicial
                 Indications",
  journal =      "Medicine North America",
  year =         "1990",
  month =        feb,
  pages =        "387--395",
  robnote =      ", ECG089",
}

@Article{RSM:Coh95,
  author =       "T.J. Cohen and W. Quan and B. Goldner",
  title =        "Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator patch shunting
                 manifestations on the body surface map",
  journal =      j-CBR,
  year =         "1995",
  volume =       "28",
  pages =        "1--4",
  robnote =      "How the electrodes from a defibrillator can alter the
                 body surface ECG as recording using BSPM. The resulting
                 changes suggest that the insulating qualities of the
                 electrodes can alter thoracic fields, both during defib
                 and in normal cardiac beat. Might also affect how we
                 view the role of inhomogeneities in forward and inverse
                 problems",
  bibdate =      "Fri Sep 18 23:52:32 1998",
}

@InCollection{RSM:Col00,
  author =       "K.S. Cole",
  title =        "Some Aspects of Electrical Studies of the Squid Giant
                 Axon Membrane",
  booktitle =    "Biophysics and Physiology of Excitable Membranes",
  editor =       "",
  publisher =    "unknown",
  address =      "",
  year =         "unknown",
  pages =        "125--142",
  robnote =      "A nice intro from one of the grand old men of the
                 game, and a chapter in a pretty good looking into many
                 aspects of excitable cells. cell electrophysiology,
                 giant axon, membranes. From a book edited by Palti, and
                 bound together with other articles from th same book.
                 CellPhysiol094",
}

@InProceedings{RSM:Col2004,
  author =       "M. Cole and F.B. Sachse and D.M. Weinstein and S.G.
                 Parker and R.M. Kirby",
  title =        "A Software Framework for Solving Problems of
                 Bioelectricity Applying High-Order Finite Elements",
  booktitle =    c-EMBS2004,
  year =         "2004",
  organization = "IEEE EMBS",
  publisher =    "IEEE Press",
  robnote =      "Marty and Franks EMBS paper",
  bibdate =      "Tue Apr 27 15:59:32 2004",
}

@Article{RSM:Col2004a,
  author =       "P. Colli-Franzone and L. Guerri and B. Taccardi",
  title =        "Modeling ventricular excitation: axial and orthotropic
                 anisotropy effects on wavefronts and potentials.",
  journal =      "Math Biosci",
  year =         "2004",
  month =        mar # "-" # apr,
  volume =       "188",
  pages =        "191--205",
  robnote =      "By applying the eikonal approximation to the bidomain
                 model of the cardiac tissue we investigate the
                 influence of the axially isotropic and orthotropic
                 conductivity tensors on the propagation of the
                 excitation wavefronts and on the associated potential
                 distribution and electrograms.",
  bibdate =      "Fri Jan 5 12:43:31 2007",
}

@Article{RSM:Col2005,
  author =       "P. Colli Franzone and L.F. Pavarino and B. Taccardi",
  title =        "Simulating patterns of excitation, repolarization and
                 action potential duration with cardiac Bidomain and
                 Monodomain models.",
  journal =      "Math Biosci",
  year =         "2005",
  month =        sep,
  volume =       "197",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "35--66",
  robnote =      "Parallel numerical simulations of excitation and
                 recovery in three-dimensional myocardial domains are
                 presented. The simulations are based on the anisotropic
                 Bidomain and Monodomain models, including intramural
                 fiber rotation and orthotropic or axisymmetric
                 anisotropy of the intra- and extra-cellular
                 conductivity tensors. The Bidomain model consist of a
                 system of two reaction-diffusion equations, while the
                 Monodomain model consists of one reaction-diffusion
                 equation. Both models are coupled with the phase I
                 Luo-Rudy membrane model describing the ionic currents.
                 Simulations of excitation and repolarization sequences
                 on myocardial slabs of different sizes show how the
                 distribution of the action potential durations (APD) is
                 influenced by both the anisotropic electrical
                 conduction and the fiber rotation. This influence
                 occurs in spite of the homogeneous intrinsic properties
                 of the cell membrane. The APD dispersion patterns are
                 closely correlated to the anisotropic curvature of the
                 excitation wavefront.",
  bibdate =      "Fri Jan 5 12:43:31 2007",
}

@Article{RSM:Col2006,
  author =       "P. Colli Franzone and L.F. Pavarino and B. Taccardi",
  title =        "Effects of transmural electrical heterogeneities and
                 electrotonic interactions on the dispersion of cardiac
                 repolarization and action potential duration: {A}
                 simulation study.",
  journal =      "Math Biosci",
  year =         "2006",
  month =        nov,
  volume =       "204",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "132--165",
  robnote =      "In this article, we implement a mathematical model to
                 simulate the combined effect of (a) the non-homogeneous
                 intrinsic membrane properties (in particular the
                 non-homogeneous APDs) and (b) the electrotonic currents
                 that modulate the APDs when the myocytes are embedded
                 in the ventricular myocardium. In particular, we study
                 the effect of (a) and (b) on the excitation and
                 repolarization sequences and on the distribution of
                 APDs in the ventricles. We implement a Monodomain
                 tissue representation that includes orthotropic
                 anisotropy, transmural fiber rotation and homogeneous
                 or heterogeneous transmural intrinsic membrane
                 properties, modeled according to the phase I Luo-Rudy
                 membrane ionic model. Three-dimensional simulations are
                 performed in a cartesian slab with a parallel finite
                 element solver employing structured isoparametric
                 trilinear finite elements in space and a semi-implicit
                 adaptive method in time. Simulations of excitation and
                 repolarization sequences elicited by epicardial or
                 endocardial pacing show that in a homogeneous slab the
                 repolarization pathways approximately follow the
                 activation sequence. Conversely, in the heterogeneous
                 cases considered in this study, we observed two
                 repolarization wavefronts that started from the epi and
                 the endocardial faces respectively and collided in the
                 thickness of the wall and in one case an additional
                 repolarization wave starting from an intramural site.
                 Introducing the heterogeneities along the transmural
                 epi-endocardial direction affected both the
                 repolarization sequence and the APD dispersion, but
                 these effects were clearly discernible only in
                 transmural planes. By contrast, in planes parallel to
                 epi- and endocardium the APD distribution remained
                 remarkably similar to that observed in the homogeneous
                 model. Therefore, the patterns of the repolarization
                 sequence and APD dispersion on the epicardial surface
                 (or any other intramural surface parallel to it) do not
                 reveal the uniform transmural heterogeneity.",
  bibdate =      "Fri Jan 5 12:43:31 2007",
}

@InProceedings{RSM:Col2014,
  author = 	 "J. Coll-Font and B.M. Burton and J.D. Tate and B. Erem and
                  D.J.  Swenson and D. Wang and D.H. Brooks and P. van Dam and
                  R.S. MacLeod",
  title = 	 "New Additions to the {T}oolkit for {F}orward/{I}nverse
                  {P}roblems in Electrocardiography within the {SCIRun} Problem
                  Solving Environment",
  booktitle = c-CinC,
  year = 	 2014,
  volume = 	 40,
  pages = 	 "213--216"}

@Article{RSM:Col2014a,
  author = 	 "F.S. Collins and L.A. Tabak",
  title = 	 " Policy: NIH plans to enhance reproducibility",
  journal = 	 "Nature",
  year = 	 2014,
  volume = 	 505,
  pages = 	 "612--613",
  Robnote = 	 "NIH concerns about reproducibility of science"
}

@PhdThesis{RSM:Col2016,
  author = 	 "J. Coll-Font",
  title = 	 "Model Based Approaches to Incorporate Recordings of Multiple
                  Heartbeats into the Inverse Problem of Electrocardiography",
  school = 	 "Northeastern University",
  year = 	 2016,
  address = 	 "Boston, MA",
  Robnote = 	 "Jaume's PhD thesis"
}

@InProceedings{RSM:Col2016a,
  author = 	 "J. Coll-Font and B. Roig-Solvas and P. van Dam and R.S.
                  MacLeod and D.H. Brooks",
  title = 	 "Tracking the heart movement with the {ECG}; a way of
                  improving the inverse problem in electrocardiography?",
  booktitle = c-ISCE,
  year = 	 2016,
  Robnote = 	 "ECGI"
}

@InProceedings{RSM:Col2016b,
  author = 	 "J. Coll-Font and J. Dhamala and D. Potyagaylo and
                  W.H. Schulze and J.D. Tate and M.S. Guillem and P. van Dam and
                  O. Dossel and D.H. Brooks and R.S. MacLeod",
  title = 	 "The {C}onsortium for {E}lectrocardiographic {I}maging.",
  booktitle = c-CinC,
  year = 	 2016,
  volume = 	 43,
  Robnote = 	 "ECGI"
}

@Article{RSM:Col49,
  author =       "K.S. Cole",
  title =        "Dynamic Electrical Characteristics of the Squid Giant
                 Axon",
  journal =      "Arch. Sci. Physiol.",
  year =         "1949",
  volume =       "3",
  pages =        "253--258",
  robnote =      "A reference which I don't have used for the
                 comprehensive. axon, electrophysiology, voltage clamp.,
                 CellPhysiol097",
}

@Book{RSM:Col68,
  author =       "K.S. Cole",
  title =        "Membranes, Ions and Impulses",
  editor =       "",
  publisher =    "Berkeley: Univ. of California Press",
  address =      "",
  year =         "1968",
  robnote =      "A good book written by one of the grand old men,
                 outlining some of the fundamental work in
                 electrophysiology and voltage clamp., CellPhysiol098",
}

@Article{RSM:Col78,
  author =       "P. Colli Franzone and B. Taccardi and C. Viganotti",
  title =        "An Approach to Inverse Calculation of Epicardial
                 Potentials from Body Surface Maps",
  journal =      j-AC,
  year =         "1978",
  volume =       "21",
  pages =        "50--54",
  robnote =      "A rather formal mathematical statement of the inverse
                 problem, as obtuse as Colli Franzone seems always to
                 be. thesis, TorsoModel049",
}

@Book{RSM:Col78b,
  author =       "R.N. Colley and M.H. Schreiber",
  title =        "Radiology of the Heart and Great Vessels",
  editor =       "",
  publisher =    "Willams \& Wilkins Company",
  address =      "Baltimore",
  year =         "1978",
  robnote =      "A bunch of background info on cardiac radiography,
                 angiography and even cardiac anatomy. From the Dal
                 Library: WN200 G618, Sect. 4, 1978. radiology, coronary
                 angiography thesis, Ischemia077",
}

@Article{RSM:Col79,
  author =       "P. Colli Franzone and L. Guerri and B. Taccardi and C.
                 Viganotti",
  title =        "The Direct and Inverse Problems in Electrocardiology.
                 {N}umerical Aspects of Some Regularization Methods and
                 Applications to Data Collected in Isolated Dog Heart
                 Experiments",
  journal =      "Lab. Anal. Numerica C.N.R.",
  year =         "1979",
  volume =       "Pub. N",
  pages =        "222",
  robnote =      "One of the early Colli Franzone references. I have no
                 idea what sort of journal this is and the reference is
                 from Rudy's review. inverse solution, regularization.
                 thesis, TorsoModel070",
}

@InProceedings{RSM:Col79b,
  author =       "P. Colli Franzone and G. Gassaniga and L. Guerri and
                 B. Taccardi and C. Viganotti",
  title =        "Accuracy Evaluation in Direct and Inverse
                 Electrocardiology",
  booktitle =    "Progress in Electrocardiography",
  editor =       "P.W. Macfarlane",
  publisher =    "Pitman Medical",
  address =      "",
  year =         "1979",
  pages =        "83--87",
  robnote =      "Unfortunately, a barely readable Colli Franzone paper,
                 lots of math and nice results. Here they use a dog
                 heart in a tank to evaluate accuracy of inverse
                 solution. thesis, TorsoModel054",
}

@Article{RSM:Col82,
  author =       "P. Colli Franzone and L. Guerri and C. Viganotti and
                 E. Macchi and S. Baruffi and S. Spaggiari and B.
                 Taccardi",
  title =        "Potential Fields Generated by Oblique Layers Modeling
                 Excitation Wavefronts in the Anisotropic Myocardium",
  journal =      j-CR,
  year =         "1982",
  volume =       "51",
  pages =        "330--346",
  robnote =      "A very important article in the propagation model
                 which descibes the whole idea of anisotropy and how to
                 account for it in the model., Prop023",
}

@Article{RSM:Col83,
  author =       "P. {Colli Franzone} and L. Guerri and C. Viganotti",
  title =        "Oblique Dipole Layer Potentials Applied to
                 Electrocardiology",
  journal =      j-MBIO,
  year =         "1983",
  number  =     "1",
  volume =       "17",
  pages =        "93--124",
  month =        "May",
  robnote =      "Another big one in the whole propagation modelling
                 game with anisotropy., Prop024",
}

@Article{RSM:Col84,
  author =       "J. Collins and D. Tucker",
  title =        "Laser Graphics and Animation",
  journal =      j-BYTE,
  year =         "1984",
  month =        sep,
  pages =        "177--184",
  robnote =      "Sophisticated light effects are programmed with a
                 microprocessor. A good article on laser graphics, how
                 they work and how one goes about programming them.,
                 CompSoft054",
}

@Article{RSM:Col85,
  author =       "P. Colli Franzone and L. Guerri and B. Taccardi and C.
                 Viganotti",
  title =        "Finite Element Approximation of Regularized Solution
                 of the Inverse Potential Problem of Electrocardiography
                 and Application to Experimental Data",
  journal =      "Calcolo",
  year =         "1985",
  volume =       "22",
  pages =        "91",
  robnote =      "Another Colli Franzone reference to the inverse
                 solution using finite elements method. From Rudy
                 review. Inverse solution, regularization thesis,
                 TorsoModel071",
}

@Article{RSM:Col85b,
  author =       "P. Colli Franzone and L. Guerri and S. Tentonia and C.
                 Viganotti and S. Spaggiari and B. Taccardi",
  title =        "A Numerical Procedure for Solving the Inverse Problem
                 of Electrocardiography. {A}nalysis of the Time-space
                 Accuracy from {\em in vitro\/} Experimental Data",
  journal =      j-MBS,
  year =         "1985",
  volume =       "77",
  pages =        "353--396",
  robnote =      "A paper by Colli Franzone in a bit more mainstream
                 journal, again from Rudy's review. inverse solution,
                 regularization. thesis, TorsoModel072",
}

@Article{RSM:Col93,
  author =       "P. Colli Franzone and L. Guerri and B. Taccardi",
  title =        "Potential distributions generated by point stimulation
                 in a myocardial volume: {S}imulation studies in a model
                 of anisotropic ventricular muscle",
  journal =      j-JCE,
  year =         "1993",
  volume =       "4",
  pages =        "438--458",
  robnote =      "Colli in good form, nice simulations in a block of
                 tissue using eikonal equation heart propagation model",
}

@Article{RSM:Col93b,
  author =       "P. Colli Franzone and L. Guerri and B. Taccardi",
  title =        "Spread of excitation in a myocardial volume:
                 {S}imulation studies in a model of anisotropic
                 ventricula muscle activated by point stimulation",
  journal =      j-JCE,
  year =         "1993",
  volume =       "4",
  pages =        "144--160",
  robnote =      "One of pair of papers by Colli and Co with the 3D
                 propagation model",
}

@Article{RSM:Col98,
  author =       "P. Colli Franzone and L. Guerri and M. Pennacchio and
                 B. Taccardi",
  title =        "Spread of excitation in 3-{D} models of the
                 anisotropic cardiac tissue. {III}. Effects of
                 ventricular geometry and fiber structure on the
                 potential distribution.",
  journal =      "Math Biosci",
  year =         "1998",
  month =        jul,
  volume =       "151",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "51--98",
  robnote =      "In a previous paper we studied the spread of
                 excitation in a simplified model of the left ventricle,
                 affected by fiber structure and obliqueness, curvature
                 of the wall and Purkinje network. In the present paper
                 we investigate the extracellular potential distribution
                 u in the same ventricular model. Given the
                 transmembrane potential v, associated with the
                 spreading excitation, the extracellular potential u is
                 obtained as solution of a linear elliptic equation with
                 the source term related to v. The potential
                 distributions were computed for point stimulations at
                 different intramural depths. The results of the
                 simulations enabled us to identify a number of common
                 features which appears in all the potential patterns
                 irrespective of pacing site. In addition, by splitting
                 the sources into an axial and conormal component, we
                 were able to evaluate the contribution of the classical
                 uniform dipole layer to the total potential field and
                 the role of the superimposed axial component.",
  bibdate =      "Fri Jan 5 12:43:31 2007",
}

@Article{RSM:Com89,
  author =       "G. Comeau",
  title =        "Networking with {UNIX}",
  journal =      j-BYTE,
  year =         "1989",
  month =        feb,
  pages =        "265--267",
  robnote =      "RFS and NFS provide the key to distributed file
                 systems, transfer of files between UNIX machines.
                 network, CompSoft162",
}

@Article{RSM:Coo2011,
  author =       "J. Cooper and A. Corrias and D. Gavaghan
                 and D. Noble",
  year =         "2011",
  month =        "06",
  pages =        "74--80",
  title =        "Considerations for the use of cellular
                 electrophysiology models within cardiac tissue
                 simulations",
  volume =       "107",
  journal =      "Progress in biophysics and molecular biology",
  DOI =          "10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2011.06.002",
}

@Article{RSM:Coo2015,
  author =       "Jonathan Cooper and Raymond J. Spiteri and Gary R.
                 Mirams",
  title =        "Cellular cardiac electrophysiology modeling with
                 Chaste and CellML",
  journal =      "Frontiers in Physiology",
  volume =       "5",
  pages =        "511",
  year =         "2015",
  URL =          "https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphys.2014.00511",
  DOI =          "10.3389/fphys.2014.00511",
  ISSN =         "1664-042X",
  abstract =     "Chaste is an open-source C++ library for computational
                 biology that has well-developed cardiac
                 electrophysiology tissue simulation support. Chaste provides a wide
                 choice of numerical methods for solving the ordinary
                 differential equations that describe the models.
                 Finally, we discuss how this is generalised in our
                 functional curation framework, which uses a
                 domain-specific language for defining complex
                 experiments as a basis for comparison of model
                 behaviour."
}

@InProceedings{RSM:Coo90,
  author =       "James W. Cooley",
  title =        "How the {FFT} Gained Acceptance",
  editor =       "S.G. Nash",
  booktitle =    "A History of Scientific Computing",
  publisher =    "ACM Press, Addison-Wesley",
  address =      "Reading, Massachusetts",
  pages =        "133--140",
  year =         "1990",
}

@Article{RSM:Coo93,
  author =       "James W. Cooley and John W. Tukey",
  title =        "On the Origin and Publication of the {FFT} Paper",
  journal =      "Current Contents",
  volume =       "51-52",
  pages =        "8--9",
  year =         "1993",
  mynote =       "Citation Classic",
}

@Article{RSM:Cop90,
  author =       "S.E. Coplen and E.M. Antman and J.A. Berlin and P.
                 Hewitt and T.C. Chalmers",
  title =        "Efficacy and safety of quinidine therapy for
                 maintenance of sinus rhythm after cardioversion: {A}
                 meta-analysis of randomised control trials",
  journal =      j-C,
  year =         "1990",
  volume =       "82",
  pages =        "1106--1116",
  robnote =      "afib Drug treatment of atrial fbirillation",
}

@Article{RSM:Cor2003,
  author =       "A. Corlan and R.S. MacLeod and L. De Ambroggi",
  title =        "Low Variability of Autocorrelation Maps with
                 Intrathoracic Heart Position",
  journal =      j-IJBEM,
  year =         "2003",
  volume =       "5",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "139--140",
  robnote =      "ICE paper with Corlan",
  bibdate =      "Wed Jan 12 17:15:05 2005",
}

@Article{RSM:Cor2004,
  author =       "S. D. Corley and A. E. Epstein and J. P. DiMarco and
                 M. J. Domanski and N. Geller and H. L. Greene and R. A.
                 Josephson and J. C. Kellen and R. C. Klein and A. D.
                 Krahn and M. Mickel and L. B. Mitchell and J. D. Nelson
                 and Y. Rosenberg and E. Schron and L. Shemanski and A.
                 L. Waldo and D. G. Wyse",
  title =        "Relationships between sinus rhythm, treatment, and
                 survival in the {A}trial {F}ibrillation {F}ollow-up
                 {I}nvestigation of {R}hythm {M}anagement ({AFFIRM}) Study",
  journal =      j-C,
  volume =       "109",
  number =       "12",
  pages =        "1509--1513",
  abstract =     "afib BACKGROUND: The AFFIRM Study showed that treatment of
                 patients with atrial fibrillation and a high risk for
                 stroke or death with a rhythm-control strategy offered
                 no survival advantage over a rate-control strategy in
                 an intention-to-treat analysis. This article reports an
                 on-treatment analysis of the relationship of survival
                 to cardiac rhythm and treatment as they changed over
                 time. METHODS AND RESULTS: Modeling techniques were
                 used to determine the relationships among survival,
                 baseline clinical variables, and time-dependent
                 variables. The following baseline variables were
                 significantly associated with an increased risk of
                 death: increasing age, coronary artery disease,
                 congestive heart failure, diabetes, stroke or transient
                 ischemic attack, smoking, left ventricular dysfunction,
                 and mitral regurgitation. Among the time-dependent
                 variables, the presence of sinus rhythm (SR) was
                 associated with a lower risk of death, as was warfarin
                 use. Antiarrhythmic drugs (AADs) were associated with
                 increased mortality only after adjustment for the
                 presence of SR. Consistent with the original
                 intention-to-treat analysis, AADs were no longer
                 associated with mortality when SR was removed from the
                 model. CONCLUSIONS: Warfarin use improves survival. SR
                 is either an important determinant of survival or a
                 marker for other factors associated with survival that
                 were not recorded, determined, or included in the
                 survival model. Currently available AADs are not
                 associated with improved survival, which suggests that
                 any beneficial antiarrhythmic effects of AADs are
                 offset by their adverse effects. If an effective method
                 for maintaining SR with fewer adverse effects were
                 available, it might be beneficial.",
  year =         "2004",
}

@Article{RSM:Cor2011,
  author = 	 "V.D.A. Corino and F. Sandberg and L.T. Mainardi and
                  L. S{\"o}rnmo",
  title = 	 "An atrioventricular node model for analysis of the
                  ventricular response during atrial fibrillation,",
  journal = 	 j-BME,
  year = 	 2011,
  volume = 	 58,
  pages = 	 "3386--3395",
  Robnote = 	 "Leducq"
}

@Article{RSM:Cor77,
  author =       "L.V. Corbin and A.M. Scher",
  title =        "The Canine Heart as an Electrocardiographic
                 Generator",
  journal =      j-CR,
  year =         "1977",
  volume =       "41",
  pages =        "58--67",
  robnote =      "The first paper on anisotropy in propagation in
                 cardiac muscle, a very good description of the ideas on
                 propagation at the time., Prop004",
}

@InCollection{RSM:Cor82,
  author =       "E. Coraboeuf",
  title =        "Ionic Basis of Electrical Activity in Cardiac Tissue",
  booktitle =    "Excitation and Neural Control of the Heart",
  editor =       "M.N. Levy and M. Vassalle",
  publisher =    "American Physiological Society",
  address =      "Bethesda, Maryland",
  year =         "1982",
  pages =        "1--35",
  robnote =      "Haven't read this one in detail yet but it looks quite
                 good; talks about voltage clamp, ionic currents, etc.,
                 CardCell036",
}

@Article{RSM:Cor85,
  author =       "J.P.H. Cornelis and E.H.G. Nyssen",
  title =        "Potentials Produced by Arbitrary Current Sources in an
                 Infinte- and Finite-Length Circular Conducting
                 Cylinder",
  journal =      j-BME,
  year =         "1985",
  volume =       "32",
  pages =        "993--1000",
  robnote =      "Theoretical paper by two guys from the 1987 Workshop,
                 forward problem in electrocardiography., Prop010",
}

@Article{RSM:Cor88b,
  author =       "R. Coronel and J.W.T. Fiolet and F.J.G. Wilms-Schopman
                 and A.F.M. Schaapherder and T.A. Johnson and L.S.
                 Gettes and M.J. Janse",
  title =        "Distribution of Extracellular Potassium and its
                 Relation to Electrophysiologic Changes during Acute
                 Myocardial Ischemia in the Isolated Perfused Porcine
                 Heart",
  journal =      j-C,
  year =         "1988",
  volume =       "77",
  pages =        "1125--1138",
  robnote =      "thesis, potassium concentration mapping, Ischemia133",
}

@Article{RSM:Cor89,
  author =       "R. Coronel and J.W.T. Fiolet and F.J.G. Wilms-Schopman
                 and T. Opthof and A.F.M. Schaapherder and M.J. Janse",
  title =        "Distribution of Extracellular Potassium and
                 Electrophysiologic Changes During Two-Stage Coronary
                 Ligation in the Isolated, Perfused Canine Heart",
  journal =      j-C,
  year =         "1989",
  volume =       "80",
  pages =        "165--177",
  robnote =      "thesis, potassium mapping, Ischemia132",
}

@Article{RSM:Cor92,
  author =       "R. Coronel and F.J.G. Wilms-Schopman and T. Opthof and
                 J. Cinca and J.W.T. Fiolet and M.J. Janse",
  title =        "Reperfusion arrhythmias in isolated perfused pig
                 hearts: inhomogeneities in extracellular potassium,
                 {ST} and {TQ} potentials and transmembrane action
                 potentials",
  journal =      j-CR,
  year =         "1992",
  volume =       "71",
  number =       "5",
  pages =        "1131--1142",
  robnote =      "A look at the effect of reperfusion after 5--10
                 minutes of ischemia and its effect on arrhythmias,
                 specifically reentrant VF. They concluded that the
                 problem was depressed external potassium and shortened
                 AP duration",
}

@Article{RSM:Cor98,
  author =       "J.M. Cordeiro and K.W. Spitzer and W.R. Giles",
  title =        "Repolarizing {K}+ currents in rabbit heart Purkinje
                 cells.",
  journal =      j-JP,
  year =         "1998",
  volume =       "508",
  number =       "Pt 3",
  pages =        "811--23",
  robnote =      "4. Selective inhibitors of the fast component, IK, r
                 (MK-499, 200 nM) and the slow componentIK,s (L-735821
                 (propenamide), 20 nM) of the delayed rectifier K+
                 currents both significantly lengthened the action
                 potential.Mike S suggested MK-499 with lowered K as a
                 means of inducing TdP in dogs. LQTS. No hard copy",
}

@Article{RSM:Cos2007,
  author =       "F.G. Cosio and E. Castillo",
  title =        "Left atrial anatomic remodeling in atrial
                 fibrillation.",
  journal =      "J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol",
  year =         "2007",
  month =        jan,
  volume =       "18",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "53--54",
  robnote =      "afib",
  bibdate =      "Thu May 29 23:43:30 2008",
}

@Article{RSM:Cos87,
  author =       "E. Costa Monteiro and A.C. Bruno and S.R. Louro and P.
                 Costa Ribeiro and A. Fonseca Costa",
  title =        "Magnetic localisation of a current dipole implanted in
                 dogs.",
  journal =      "Phys Med Biol",
  year =         "1987",
  month =        jan,
  volume =       "32",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "65--70",
  robnote =      "In order to evaluate the difficulty in localising a
                 current dipole due to volume conductor current
                 contributions to the magnetocardiogram, accuracy of
                 depth localisation of a commercial coaxial pacemaker
                 cable, used as a current dipole, was studied in two
                 experimental situations: immersed in a prismatic
                 container with NaCl solution and introduced into the
                 lower oesophagus of dogs. The dipole can be accurately
                 localised in the prismatic container.",
}

@Article{RSM:Cos96,
  author =       "K. D. Costa and P. J. Hunter and J. S. Wayne and L. K.
                 Waldmann and J. M. Guccione and A. D. McCulloch",
  title =        "A Three-Dimensional Finite Element Method for Large
                 Elastic Deformations of Ventricular Myocardium: {II} -
                 Prolate Spheroidal Coordinates",
  journal =      "J. Biomedical Engineering",
  year =         "1996",
  volume =       "118",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "464--472",
  month =        nov,
}

@Article{RSM:Cos98,
  author =       "F.G. Cosio and R.H. Anderson and K.H. Kuck",
  title =        "Nomenclature and characterization of transisthmus
                 conduction after ablation of typical atrial flutter",
  journal =      j-PCE,
  volume =       "21",
  number =       "4 Pt 1",
  pages =        "777--778",
  keywords =     "afib Atrial Flutter/*surgery *Catheter Ablation Heart
                 Conduction System/*surgery Humans *Terminology as
                 Topic",
  year =         "1998",
}

@Article{RSM:Cou2010,
  author =       "J.P. Couderc",
  title =        "The telemetric and {H}olter {ECG} warehouse initiative
                 ({THEW}): a data repository for the design, implementation
                 and validation of {ECG}-related technologies.",
  journal =      "Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc",
  year =         "2010",
  volume =       "2010",
  pages =        "6252--6255",
  robnote =      "we present an initiative supported by the National Heart
                 Lung, and Blood Institute and the Food and Drug
                 Administration for the development of a repository
                 containing continuous electrocardiographic information to
                 be shared with the worldwide scientific community. We
                 believe that sharing data reinforces open scientific
                 inquiry. It encourages diversity of analysis and opinion
                 while promoting new research and facilitating the
                 education of new researchers.",
  bibdate =      "Thu May 14 22:28:37 2015",
  pmcid =        "PMC3133931",
}

@Article{RSM:Cou2010a,
  author =       "J.P. Couderc",
  title =        "A unique digital electrocardiographic repository for the
                 development of quantitative electrocardiography and
                 cardiac safety: the Telemetric and {H}olter {ECG} Warehouse
                 ({THEW}).",
  journal =      j-JE,
  year =         "2010",
  month =        "Nov-Dec",
  volume =       "43",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "595--600",
  robnote =      "The sharing of scientific data reinforces open scientific
                 inquiry; it encourages diversity of analysis and opinion
                 while promoting new research and facilitating the
                 education of next generations of scientists. In this
                 article, we present an initiative for the development of a
                 repository containing continuous electrocardiographic
                 information and their associated clinical information.
                 This information is shared with the worldwide scientific
                 community to improve quantitative electrocardiology and
                 cardiac safety. First, we present the objectives of the
                 initiative and its mission. Then, we describe the
                 resources available in this initiative following 3
                 components: data, expertise, and tools. The data available
                 in the Telemetric and Holter ECG Warehouse (THEW) includes
                 continuous electrocardiogram signals and associated
                 clinical information. The initiative attracted various
                 academic and private partners whom expertise covers a
                 large list of research arenas related to quantitative
                 electrocardiography; their contribution to the THEW
                 promotes cross-fertilization of scientific knowledge,
                 resources, and ideas that will advance the field of
                 quantitative electrocardiography. Finally, the tools of
                 the THEW include software and servers to access and review
                 the data available in the repository. To conclude, the
                 THEW is an initiative developed to benefit the scientific
                 community and to advance the field of quantitative
                 electrocardiography and cardiac safety. It is a new
                 repository designed to complement the existing ones such
                 as Physionet, the American Heart Association - Beth Israel
                 Hospital (AHA-BIH) arrhythmia database, and the Common
                 Standard for Electrocardiography (CSE) database. The THEW
                 hosts unique datasets from clinical trials and drug safety
                 studies that, so far, were not available.",
  bibdate =      "Thu May 14 22:28:37 2015",
  pmcid =        "PMC2989667",
}

@Article{RSM:Cou2012,
  author =       "J.P. Couderc",
  title =        "The Telemetric and Holter {ECG} Warehouse ({THEW}): the first
                  three years of development and research.",
  journal =      j-JE,
  year =         "2012",
  month =        "Nov-Dec",
  volume =       "45",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "677--683",
  robnote =      "The Telemetric and Holter ECG Warehouse (THEW) hosts more
                 than 3700 digital 24-Holter ECG recordings from 13
                 independent studies. In addition to the ECGs, the
                 repository includes patient information in separate
                 clinical database with content varying according to the
                 study focus. In its third year of activities, the THEW
                 database has been accessed by researchers from 37
                 universities and 16 corporations located in 16 countries
                 worldwide. Twenty publications were released primarily
                 focusing on the development and validation of ECG-based
                 technologies. This communication describes the content of
                 the databases of the repository with brief summary of the
                 research and development projects completed using these
                 data.",
  bibdate =      "Thu May 14 22:28:37 2015",
  pmcid =        "PMC3483367",
}

@Article{RSM:Cow86,
  author =       "M.J. Cowan and R.A. Bruce and D.D. Reichenbach",
  title =        "Validation of a Computerized {QRS} Criterion for
                 Estimating Myocardial Infarction Size and Correlation
                 with Quantatative Morphologic Mearurements",
  journal =      j-AJC,
  year =         "1986",
  volume =       "5",
  pages =        "60--65",
  robnote =      "This paper reports on connections between QRS
                 parameters and infarct size. Contains good references
                 on the subject and is relatively up to date so a good
                 starting point for learning more about this subject.,
                 Ischemia057",
}

@Article{RSM:Cow87,
  author =       "M. Cowan and N. Hindman and G. Wagner and J. Ritchies
                 and M. Cerqueira",
  title =        "Estimation of Myocardial Infarct Size by
                 Electrocardiographic and Radionuclide Techniques",
  journal =      j-JE,
  year =         "1987",
  volume =       "Suppl",
  pages =        "78--81",
  robnote =      "A short paper describing some clinical studies to
                 correlate different ECG and radionuclide scoring
                 systems in patients in whom streptokinae was applied as
                 a thrombolitic agent. Estimates of infarct size and the
                 change brought about by the treatment were evaluated..,
                 Ischemia094",
}

@Article{RSM:Cox73,
  author =       "J.L. Cox and T.M. Daniel and J.P. Boineau",
  title =        "The Electrophysological Time-Course of Acute
                 Myocardial Ischemia and the Effects of Early Coronary
                 Artery Reperfusion",
  journal =      j-C,
  year =         "1973",
  volume =       "48",
  month =        nov,
  pages =        "971--983",
  robnote =      "Bipolar recordings in dogs with needle electrodes, the
                 paper shows that conduction delay was not correlated
                 with histological degree of ischemia, the Purkinje
                 system remained electrically intact despite ischemia,
                 and while histology only shows two states of ischemia,
                 the electrical changes are more heterogeneous. thesis,
                 Ischemia102",
}

@Article{RSM:Cox91b,
  author =       "J.L. Cox and R.B. Schuessler and J.r. D'Agostino HJ and
                 C.M. Stone and B.C. Chang and M.E. Cain and P.B. Corr and
                 J.P. Boineau",
  title =        "The surgical treatment of atrial fibrillation. III.
                 Development of a definitive surgical procedure.",
  journal =      "J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg",
  year =         1991,
  month =        "Apr",
  volume =       101,
  number =       4,
  pages =        "569--583",
  robnote =      "afib On the basis of the known electrophysiologic mechanisms
                 of atrial fibrillation, multiple surgical procedures were
                 designed and tested in dogs to determine the feasibility
                 of developing a surgical cure for human atrial
                 fibrillation. These experimental studies culminated in a
                 surgical approach that effectively creates an electrical
                 maze in the atrium. The atrial incisions prevent atrial
                 reentry and allow sinus impulses to activate the entire
                 atrial myocardium, thereby preserving atrial transport
                 function postoperatively. Since September 1987, this
                 surgical procedure has been applied in seven patients,
                 five with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation of 2 to 9 years'
                 duration and two with chronic atrial fibrillation of 3 and
                 10 years' duration. All seven patients have been cured of
                 atrial fibrillation and none is receiving any
                 postoperative antiarrhythmic medications.",
  bibdate =      "Sun May 30 08:23:56 2010",
}

@Article{RSM:Cox91c,
  author =       "J.L. Cox",
  title =        "The surgical treatment of atrial fibrillation. IV.
                 Surgical technique.",
  journal =      "J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg",
  year =         1991,
  month =        "Apr",
  volume =       101,
  number =       4,
  pages =        "584--592",
  robnote =      "afib The operative technique for the current surgical
                 procedure of creating an electrical maze for the treatment
                 of atrial fibrillation is described in a sequential
                 fashion. The accompanying diagrams of the procedure are
                 drawn from the view of the operating surgeon.",
  bibdate =      "Sun May 30 08:23:56 2010",
}

@Article{RSM:Coy2006,
  author =       "K. S. Coyne and C. Paramore and S. Grandy and M.
                 Mercader and M. Reynolds and P. Zimetbaum",
  title =        "Assessing the direct costs of treating nonvalvular
                 atrial fibrillation in the {United States}",
  journal =      "Value Health",
  volume =       "9",
  number =       "5",
  pages =        "348--356",
  abstract =     "afib OBJECTIVE: To determine the health-care resource use
                 and costs attributable to treating atrial fibrillation
                 (AF) in the United States. METHODS: Retrospective
                 analyses of three federally funded US databases (2001
                 data): 1) hospital inpatient stays (the Healthcare Cost
                 and Utilization Project [HCUP]); 2) physician office
                 visits (the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey
                 [NAMCS]); and 3) emergency department (ED) and hospital
                 outpatient department visits (OPD) (the National
                 Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey [NHAMCS]).
                 Identification of AF medical encounters was based on
                 occurrence of AF-specific International Classification
                 of Diseases (9th Edition)--Clinical Modification
                 (ICD-9-CM) diagnosis code 427.31 (principal discharge
                 diagnosis for inpatient setting; any diagnosis field
                 for other settings). For the 10 most common principal
                 discharge diagnoses in the inpatient setting,
                 case-control comparison analyses were performed to
                 estimate annual incremental costs of AF as a comorbid
                 discharge diagnosis for hospital stays. Regression
                 models were used to assess the impact of AF on
                 hospitalization costs. Costs were estimated in year
                 2005 US dollars. RESULTS: Approximately 350,000
                 hospitalizations, 5.0 million office visits, 276,000 ED
                 visits, and 234,000 OPD were attributable to AF
                 annually within the United States. Total annual costs
                 for treatment of AF were estimated at \$6.65 billion,
                 including \$2.93 billion (44\%) for hospitalizations
                 with a principal discharge diagnosis of AF, \$1.95
                 billion (29\%) for the incremental inpatient cost of AF
                 as a comorbid diagnosis, \$1.53 billion (23\%) for
                 outpatient treatment of AF, and \$235 million (4\%) for
                 prescription drugs. In all regressions, AF was a
                 significant contributor to hospital cost. CONCLUSIONS:
                 Treatment of AF represents a significant health-care
                 burden with the costs of treating AF in the inpatient
                 setting outweighing the costs of treating AF in the
                 office, emergency room or hospital outpatient settings.
                 Further research is needed to fully capture the costs
                 of treating AF.",
  year =         "2006",
}

@Article{RSM:Coy92,
  author =       "K.M. Coy and J.C. Park and M.C. Fishben and T. Laas
                 and G.A. Diamond and L. Adler and G. Maurer and R.J.
                 Siegel",
  title =        "In vitro validation of three-dimensional intravascular
                 ultrasound for the evaluation of arterial injury after
                 balloon angioplasty",
  journal =      j-ACC,
  year =         "1992",
  volume =       "20",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "692--700",
  robnote =      "afib A paper on the use if intravascular ultrasound to view
                 coronaries after PTCA. Some great images here of what
                 the vessel looks like after treatment.",
}

@Article{RSM:Cra86,
  author =       "W. Craelius and M. Restivo and M.A. Assadi and N.
                 El-Sherif",
  title =        "Criteria for Optimal Averaging of Cardiac Signals",
  journal =      j-BME,
  year =         "1986",
  volume =       "33",
  pages =        "957--966",
  robnote =      "read it, ECG003",
}

@Article{RSM:Cra87,
  author =       "T. Crake and P.A. Crean and L.M. Shapiro and A.F.
                 Rickards and P.A. Poole-Wilson",
  title =        "Coronary Sinus {pH} During Percutaneous Transluminal
                 Coronary Angioplasty: {E}arly Development of Acidosis
                 During Myocardial Ischemia in Man",
  journal =      j-BHJ,
  year =         "1987",
  volume =       "58",
  pages =        "110--115",
  robnote =      "Shows decrease in pH following deflation of PTCA
                 balloon of duration > 15 sec; no change during the
                 actual inflation though. thesis, PTCA028",
}

@Article{RSM:Cra87b,
  author =       "E. Cramer and D. McManus and D. Neubert",
  title =        "Estimnation and Removal of Power Line Interference in
                 the Electrocardiogram: {A} Comparison of Digital
                 Approaches",
  journal =      j-CBR,
  year =         "1987",
  volume =       "2",
  pages =        "12--28",
  robnote =      "Haven't read it yet but for filters, signal
                 processing, etc. it may be interesting. A product of
                 the PTB Berlin., ECG061",
}

@Article{RSM:Cra87c,
  author =       "P.F. Cranefield",
  title =        "The conduction of the cardiac impulse 1951--1986",
  journal =      "Experientia",
  year =         "1987",
  volume =       "43",
  pages =        "1040--1044",
  robnote =      "A review paper on the occasion of Weidmann's 65th
                 birthday cellbration and conference",
}

@Article{RSM:Cre86,
  author =       "F. Crea and G.S. Abela and A. Fenech and W. Smith and
                 C.J. Pepine and C.R. Conti",
  title =        "Transluminal Laser Irradiation of Coronary Arteries in
                 Live Dogs: An Angiographic and Morphologic Study of
                 Acute Effects",
  journal =      j-AJC,
  year =         "1986",
  volume =       "5",
  pages =        "171--174",
  robnote =      "Another report of experiments performed on animals to
                 test the laser angioplasty procedure out. They used the
                 uncapped laser and had the same perforation problems as
                 reported elsewhere. PTCA, laser angioplasty.,
                 Ischemia038",
}

@Article{RSM:Cre86b,
  author =       "F. Crea and G. Davies and W. McKenna and M. Pashazade
                 and K. Taylor and A. Maseri",
  title =        "Percutaneous Laser Recanalization of Coronary
                 Arteries",
  journal =      "Lancet",
  year =         "1986",
  month =        jul,
  pages =        "214--215",
  robnote =      "The second (only by a half a page) report of
                 percutaneous laser assisted angioplasty on humans. Here
                 the metal capped probes was used to great success on 3
                 patients. PTCA, laser, metal capped probe.,
                 Ischemia041",
}

@Article{RSM:Cri92,
  author =       "A. Cribier and L. Korsatz and R. Koning and P. Rath
                 and H. Gamra and G. Stix and S. Merchant and C. Chan
                 and B. Letac",
  title =        "Improved myocardial ischemic response and enhanced
                 collateral circulation with long repetitive coronary
                 occlusion during angioplasty: {A} prospective study",
  journal =      j-ACC,
  year =         "1992",
  volume =       "20",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "578--586",
  robnote =      "Looks at the effects of a series of PTCA inflations to
                 see in what way tolerance to ischemia changes, and why.
                 They find smaller ECG effect, angina, LV filling
                 pressure, ejection, but wall motion abnormalities
                 remain the same. The also find increase in collateral
                 circulation with each inflation and suggest this as the
                 mechanism for increased tolerance of ischemia from
                 repeated PTCA.",
}

@Article{RSM:Cri96,
  author =       "H. J. Crijns and I. C. Van Gelder and H. J. Van der
                 Woude and J. G. Grandjean and R. G. Tieleman and J.
                 Brugemann and P. J. De Kam and T. Ebels",
  title =        "Efficacy of serial electrical cardioversion therapy in
                 patients with chronic atrial fibrillation after valve
                 replacement and implications for surgery to cure atrial
                 fibrillation",
  journal =      "Am J Cardiol",
  volume =       "78",
  number =       "10",
  pages =        "1140--1144",
  abstract =     "afib Chronic atrial fibrillation (AF) occurs often in the
                 setting of mitral and aortic valve disease. Eventually,
                 these patients undergo valve replacement which improves
                 cardiac function but does not prevent AF. This study
                 investigates which patient may benefit from additional
                 surgery for the cure of AF performed in combination
                 with valve surgery. Seventy-four patients were
                 retrospectively included from our prospective database
                 of patients referred for serial cardioversion therapy
                 between 1986 and 1993. All these patients had chronic
                 AF after valve replacement. After the first electrical
                 cardioversion, patients did not receive antiarrhythmic
                 drugs. Relapses were managed by repeated
                 cardioversions, and then antiarrhythmic drugs were
                 instituted. After a median follow-up of 7 years (range
                 1.3 to 23), 39 patients had intractable AF.
                 Multivariate analysis revealed that patients with a
                 history of chronic AF before surgery (risk ratio 5.4,
                 confidence intervals 2.5 to 11.3, p = 0.0001) had a
                 poor arrhythmia outcome. In addition, Kaplan-Meier
                 survival analysis demonstrated a lower success rate (p
                 = 0.0017) in patients with mitral valve disease than in
                 those with aortic valve disease. Congestive heart
                 failure (41\% vs 6\%, p = 0.0007) and cardiovascular
                 mortality (23\% vs 9\%, p = 0.09) were seen most often
                 in patients with an unsuccessful cardioversion
                 strategy. Thus, patients scheduled for mitral valve
                 surgery with a history of chronic AF should be
                 considered candidates for additional surgery for AF
                 concomitantly performed during valve surgery.",
  year =         "1996",
}

@Article{RSM:Cro78,
  author =       "T. Crow and D.L. Akon",
  title =        "Retention of an associate baehavioral change in {\em
                 Hermissenda}",
  journal =      "Science",
  year =         "1978",
  volume =       "209",
  pages =        "1239",
  robnote =      "cognitive neuroscience, learning,",
}

@Article{RSM:Cru69,
  author =       "T.A. Cruse",
  title =        "Numerical Solutions in Three Dimensional
                 Elastostatics",
  journal =      "Int. J. Solids Structures",
  year =         "1969",
  volume =       "5",
  pages =        "1259--1274",
  robnote =      "Part I, so to speak, of the 2-article set by Cruse
                 using the boundary value method to look at problems in
                 structural engineering. Haven't got a lot out of this
                 one yet but some stuff on integrals over the surface
                 triangles., TorsoModel014",
}

@Article{RSM:Cru74,
  author =       "T. Cruse",
  title =        "An Improved Boundary-Integral Equation Method for
                 Three Dimensional Elastic Stress Analysis",
  journal =      "Computers \& Structures",
  year =         "1974",
  volume =       "4",
  pages =        "741--754",
  robnote =      "A paper referred to in Rudy and Messinger-Rapport's
                 paper about inverse solutions. It describes a method of
                 evaluating the integral of a function over the surface
                 of the descrete triangular elements, when only the
                 values at the vertices are known. Thesis.,
                 TorsoModel008",
}

@Article{RSM:Cuc2010,
  author =       "P.S. Cuculich and Y. Wang and B.D. Lindsay and R.
                 Vijayakumar and Y. Rudy",
  title =        "Noninvasive real-time mapping of an incomplete pulmonary
                 vein isolation using electrocardiographic imaging",
  journal =      j-HR,
  year =         "2010",
  month =        "Sep.",
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "9",
  pages =        "1316--1317",
  robnote =       "inverse problems",
  bibdate =      "Wed Nov 9 15:35:53 2011",
  pmcid =        "PMC2888898",
}

@Article{RSM:Cuc2010a,
  author =       "P.S. Cuculich and Y. Wang and B.D. Lindsay and M.N.
                 Faddis and R.B. Schuessler and J.r. Damiano RJ and L. Li
                 and Y. Rudy",
  title =        "Noninvasive characterization of epicardial activation in
                 humans with diverse atrial fibrillation patterns",
  journal =      j-C,
  year =         "2010",
  month =        "Oct.",
  volume =       "122",
  number =       "14",
  pages =        "1364--1372",
  robnote =      "BACKGROUND: In this article, we present
                 continuous biatrial epicardial activation sequences of AF
                 in humans using noninvasive electrocardiographic imaging
                 (ECGI). In the testing phase, ECGI
                 accuracy was evaluated by comparing ECGI with
                 co-registered CARTO images during atrial pacing in 6
                 patients. Additionally, correlative observations from
                 catheter mapping and ablation were compared with ECGI in 3
                 patients. In the study phase, ECGI maps during AF in 26
                 patients were analyzed for mechanisms and complexity. ECGI
                 noninvasively imaged the low-amplitude signals of AF in a
                 wide range of patients (97 procedural success). Spatial
                 accuracy for determining initiation sites from pacing was
                 6 mm. Locations critical to maintenance of AF identified
                 during catheter ablation were identified by ECGI; ablation
                 near these sites restored sinus rhythm. In the study
                 phase, the most common patterns of AF were multiple
                 wavelets (92), with pulmonary vein (69) and non-pulmonary
                 vein (62) focal sites. Rotor activity was seen rarely
                 (15). AF complexity increased with longer clinical history
                 of AF, although the degree of complexity of nonparoxysmal
                 AF varied widely. CONCLUSIONS: ECGI offers a noninvasive
                 way to map epicardial activation patterns of AF in a
                 patient-specific manner. The results highlight the
                 coexistence of a variety of mechanisms and variable
                 complexity among patients. Overall, complexity generally
                 increased with duration of AF.",
  bibdate =      "Wed Nov 9 15:44:16 2011",
  pmcid =        "PMC2996091",
}

@Article{RSM:Cuc2011,
  author =       "P.S. Cuculich and J. Zhang and Y. Wang and K.A. Desouza
                 and R. Vijayakumar and P.K. Woodard and Y. Rudy",
  title =        "The electrophysiological cardiac ventricular substrate in
                 patients after myocardial infarction noninvasive
                 characterization with electrocardiographic imaging.",
  journal =      j-ACC,
  year =         "2011",
  month =        "Oct",
  volume =       "58",
  number =       "18",
  pages =        "1893--1902",
  robnote =      "OBJECTIVES: Electrocardiographic imaging, a
                 noninvasive functional EP
                 imaging modality, was performed during sinus rhythm (SR)
                 in 24 subjects with infarct-related myocardial scar. The
                 abnormal EP substrate on the epicardial aspect of the scar
                 was identified, and its location, size, and morphology
                 were compared with the anatomic scar imaged by other
                 noninvasive modalities. RESULTS: Electrocardiographic
                 imaging constructs epicardial electrograms that have
                 characteristics of reduced amplitude (low voltage) and
                 fractionation. Electrocardiographic imaging colocalizes
                 the epicardial electrical scar to the anatomic scar with a
                 high degree of accuracy (sensitivity 89\%, specificity
                 85\%). In nearly all subjects, SR activation patterns were
                 affected by the presence of myocardial scar. Late
                 potentials could be identified and were almost always
                 within ventricular scar. CONCLUSIONS: Electrocardiographic
                 imaging accurately identifies areas of anatomic scar and
                 complements standard anatomic imaging by providing
                 scar-related EP characteristics of low voltages, altered
                 SR activation, electrogram fragmentation, and presence of
                 late potentials.",
  bibdate =      "Wed Nov 9 15:44:16 2011",
}

@Article{RSM:Cuc2017,
  author =       "P.S. Cuculich and M.R. Schill and R. Kashani and S. Mutic
                 and A. Lang and D. Cooper and M. Faddis and M. Gleva and
                 A. Noheria and T.W. Smith and D. Hallahan and Y. Rudy and
                 C.G. Robinson",
  title =        "Noninvasive Cardiac Radiation for Ablation of Ventricular
                 Tachycardia.",
  journal =      "N Engl J Med",
  year =         "2017",
  month =        "Dec",
  volume =       "377",
  number =       "24",
  pages =        "2325--2336",
  robnote =      "BACKGROUND: Recent advances have enabled noninvasive
                 mapping of cardiac arrhythmias with electrocardiographic
                 imaging and noninvasive delivery of precise ablative
                 radiation with stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT).
                 We combined these techniques to perform catheter-free,
                 electrophysiology-guided, noninvasive cardiac
                 radioablation for ventricular tachycardia. METHODS: We
                 targeted arrhythmogenic scar regions by combining
                 anatomical imaging with noninvasive electrocardiographic
                 imaging during ventricular tachycardia that was induced by
                 means of an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD).
                 SBRT simulation, planning, and treatments were performed
                 with the use of standard techniques. Patients were treated
                 with a single fraction of 25 Gy while awake. Efficacy was
                 assessed by counting episodes of ventricular tachycardia,
                 as recorded by ICDs. Safety was assessed by means of
                 serial cardiac and thoracic imaging. RESULTS: From April
                 through November 2015, five patients with high-risk,
                 refractory ventricular tachycardia underwent treatment.
                 The mean noninvasive ablation time was 14 minutes (range,
                 11 to 18). During the 3 months before treatment, the
                 patients had a combined history of 6577 episodes of
                 ventricular tachycardia. During a 6-week postablation
                 blanking period (when arrhythmias may occur owing to
                 postablation inflammation), there were 680 episodes of
                 ventricular tachycardia. After the 6-week blanking period,
                 there were 4 episodes of ventricular tachycardia over the
                 next 46 patient-months, for a reduction from baseline of
                 99.9\%. A reduction in episodes of ventricular tachycardia
                 occurred in all five patients. The mean left ventricular
                 ejection fraction did not decrease with treatment. At 3
                 months, adjacent lung showed opacities consistent with
                 mild inflammatory changes, which had resolved by 1 year.
                 CONCLUSIONS: In five patients with refractory ventricular
                 tachycardia, noninvasive treatment with
                 electrophysiology-guided cardiac radioablation markedly
                 reduced the burden of ventricular tachycardia. (Funded by
                 Barnes-Jewish Hospital Foundation and others.).",
  bibdate =      "Sun Jun 30 10:01:59 2019",
  pmcid =        "PMC5764179",
}

@Article{RSM:Cuc2018,
  author =       "P.S. Cuculich and C.G. Robinson",
  title =        "Noninvasive Ablation of Ventricular Tachycardia.",
  journal =      "N Engl J Med",
  year =         "2018",
  month =        "Apr",
  volume =       "378",
  number =       "17",
  pages =        "1651--1652",
  robnote =       "",
  bibdate =      "Sun Jun 30 10:01:59 2019",
}

@Article{RSM:Cuf90,
  author =       "B.N. Cuffin",
  title =        "Effects of head shape on {EEG's} and {MEG's}",
  journal =      j-BME,
  year =         "1990",
  volume =       "371",
  pages =        "44--52",
  robnote =      "A paper I have not read through yet about inverse
                 solutions with EEG and MEG. torso modelling",
}

@Article{RSM:Cum86,
  author =       "D.C. Cumberland and G.D.G. Oakley and G.H. Smith and
                 D.I. Tayler and I.R. Starkey and J.S. Fleming and J.J.
                 Goiti and J. Davis",
  title =        "Percutaneous Laser-Assisted Coronary Angioplasty",
  journal =      "Lancet",
  year =         "1986",
  month =        jul,
  pages =        "214--214",
  robnote =      "The first (reported at the same time as the next
                 entry) of percutaneous laser assisted angioplasty on
                 humans. Here the metal capped probes was used to great
                 success on 4 patients. PTCA, laser, metal capped
                 probe., Ischemia040",
}

@Article{RSM:Cum86b,
  author =       "D.C. Cumberland and T.A. Sanborn and D.I. Tayler and
                 D.J. Moore and C.L. Welsh and A.J. Greenfield and J.K.
                 Guben and T.J. Ryan",
  title =        "Percutaneous Laser Thermal Angioplasty: Initial
                 Clinical Results with a Laser Probe in Total Peripheral
                 Artery Occlusions",
  journal =      "Lancet",
  year =         "1986",
  month =        jun,
  pages =        "1457--1459",
  robnote =      "Another early report of laser angioplasty, this time
                 of peripheral arteries and not the coronaries.,
                 Ischemia061",
}

@Article{RSM:Cup84,
  author =       "J.J.M. Cuppen and A. van Oosterom",
  title =        "Model Studies with the Inversely Calculated Isochrones
                 of Ventricular Depolarization",
  journal =      j-BME,
  year =         "1984",
  volume =       "31",
  pages =        "652--659",
  robnote =      "A neat paper which performs an inverse solution of the
                 surface potentials to isochrones on the epicardium.
                 thesis., TorsoModel012",
}

@Article{RSM:Cup84b,
  author =       "J.J.M. Cuppen",
  title =        "Calculating the Isochrones of Ventricular
                 Depolarization",
  journal =      j-SIAM-J-STAT,
  year =         "1984",
  volume =       "5",
  pages =        "105--120",
  robnote =      "The original paper by Cuppen on the solution of the
                 inverse problem in terms of activation times on the
                 epicardial surface thesis, TorsoModel069",
}

@Article{RSM:Cur82,
  author =       "J.S.H. Curnow",
  title =        "Neuro-opthalmology System Based on a {PET} computer",
  journal =      j-MBEC,
  year =         "1982",
  volume =       "2",
  pages =        "595--600",
  robnote =      "electro-opthalmology, electro-retinography,
                 microcomputers, neuro-opthalmology, visual evoked
                 response, GenPhysiol007",
}

@Article{RSM:Cur95,
  author =       "M.E. Curran and I. Splawski and K.W. Timothy and G.M.
                 Vincent and E.D. Green and M.T. Keating",
  title =        "A molecular basis for cardiac arrhythmia: {HERG}
                 mutations cause long {QT} syndrome.",
  journal =      "Cell",
  year =         "1995",
  volume =       "80",
  number =       "5",
  pages =        "795--803",
  robnote =      "We previously mapped LQT loci on chromosomes 11
                 (LQT1), 7 (LQT2), and 3 (LQT3). Here, linkage and
                 physical mapping place LQT2 and a putative potassium
                 channel gene, HERG, on chromosome 7q35-36.These data
                 indicate that HERG is LQT2 and suggest a likely
                 cellular mechanism for torsade de pointes. LQTS, No
                 hard copy",
}

@InProceedings{RSM:Cut69,
  author =       "E. Cuthill and J. McKee",
  title =        "Reducing the Bandwidth of Sparse Symmetric Matrices",
  booktitle =    "ACM Proc. of 24th Natl. Conf.",
  year =         "1969",
  robnote =      "Original bandwidth optimization paper",
}

@Article{RSM:Cuz88,
  author =       "M.L. Cuzner and G.M. Hayes and J. Newcombe and M.N.
                 Woodroofe",
  title =        "The Nature of Inflammatory Components During
                 Demylination in Multiple Sclerosis",
  journal =      "J Neuroimmunol.",
  year =         "1988",
  volume =       "20",
  pages =        "203--209",
  robnote =      "One of Louise's latest papers., GenPhysiol029",
}

@Article{RSM:Cyb91,
  author =       "G. Cybenko",
  title =        "Supercomputer performance trends and the {P}erfect
                 {B}enchmarks",
  journal =      "Supercomput. Rev.",
  year =         "1991",
  pages =        "53--60",
  month =        apr,
  robnote =      "Description of a set of Fortran benchmarks for testing
                 supercomputers.",
}

@Article{RSM:DAl95,
  author =       "A.J. D'Alonzo and J.C. Sewter and R.B. Darbenzio and
                 T.A. Hess",
  title =        "Effects of dofetilide on electrical dispersion and
                 arrhythmias in post-infarcted anesthetized dogs.",
  journal =      "Basic Res Cardiol",
  year =         "1995",
  volume =       "90",
  number =       "5",
  pages =        "424--434",
  robnote =      "We compared the dispersion of electrophysiologic
                 parameters and antiarrhythmic effects of dofetilide
                 (0.03, 0.1, 0.3 and 1 mg/kg i.v.) in post-- infarcted
                 anesthetized dogs. Animals were tested for inducibility
                 of arrhythmias using a programmed electrical
                 stimulation (PES) protocol, and divided into inducible
                 (I) and non--inducible (NI) groups. In addition,
                 myocardial vulnerability was measured using ventricular
                 fibrillation thresholds (VFT), as well as
                 susceptibility to sudden cardiac death (SCD).
                 Dofetilide significantly increased ventricular
                 effective refractory periods (ERP) and monophasic
                 action potential durations (APD) in a dose-- dependent
                 manner. The standard deviation of ERP, which was used
                 as an index of dispersion of refractoriness,
                 increased.Thus, changes in dispersion of refractoriness
                 may be used as a marker for inducibility in untreated
                 animals, but it did not predict the antiarrhythmic
                 effects observed with dofetilide. LQTS No hard copy",
}

@Article{RSM:DaC84,
  author =       "F. da Cruz and B. Catchings",
  title =        "{KERMIT}: {A} File-Transfer Protocol for
                 Universities",
  journal =      j-BYTE,
  year =         "1984",
  month =        jun,
  pages =        "255--403",
  robnote =      "A great 2-part article on KERMIT, the file transfer
                 protocol which is used all over the world now to hook
                 up computers cheaply and easily to at least emulate and
                 send files. This is not a network per se, but is often
                 used in addition to or in replacement of one when only
                 serial connections are available., CompSoft080",
}

@Book{RSM:DaC88,
  author =       "F. da Cruz",
  title =        "The Kermit Book",
  publisher =    "unknown",
  year =         "1988",
  pages =        "70--108",
  robnote =      "Chapter 4 from the excellent Frank da Cruz book on
                 Kermit, this deals with communications, serial mainly
                 over telephone lines with all the useful info which
                 explains what goes on. An immensely practical look at
                 the matter with pin-outs, cable configurations, etc.
                 Chapter 10, Optional features is a brief exerpt from
                 the chapter on optional features of Kermit along with
                 one of the appendices with the packet summary.
                 Appendix: protocol definition itself in a very succinct
                 form, perhaps the shortes desciption I have seen of all
                 the nitty gritties of packets and handshake and the
                 like.,CompSoft111,CompSoft112,CompSoft113",
}

@Article{RSM:Dac2011,
  author =       "M. Daccarett and T.J. Badger and N. Akoum and
                 N.S. Burgon and C. Mahnkopf and G.
                 Vergara and E.W. Kholmovski and C.J. McGann
                 and D. Parker and J. Brachmann and R.S.
                 MacLeod and N.F. Marrouche",
  title =        "Association of left atrial fibrosis detected by
                 delayed-enhancement magnetic resonance imaging and the
                 risk of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation",
  journal =      j-ACC,
  year =         "2011",
  volume =       "57",
  number =       "7",
  pages =        "831--838",
  pmcid =        "PMC3124509",
}

@Article{RSM:Dac2011a,
  author =       "M. Daccarett and C.J. McGann and N.W. Akoum and R.S.
                 MacLeod and N.F. Marrouche",
  title =        "MRI of the left atrium: predicting clinical outcomes in
                 patients with atrial fibrillation.",
  journal =      "Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther",
  year =         "2011",
  month =        "Jan",
  volume =       "9",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "105--111",
  robnote =      "Atrial fibrillation is a significant public health
                 burden, with clinically, epidemiologically and
                 economically significant repercussions. In the last
                 decade, catheter ablation has provided an improvement in
                 morbidity and quality of life, significantly reducing
                 long-term healthcare costs and avoiding recurrences
                 compared with drug therapy. Despite recent progress in
                 techniques, current catheter ablation success rates fall
                 short of expectations. Late gadolinium-enhancement
                 cardiovascular MRI is a well-established tool to image the
                 myocardium and, most specifically, the left atrium. Unique
                 imaging protocols allow for left atrial structural
                 remodeling and fibrosis assessment, which has been
                 demonstrated to correlate with clinical outcomes after
                 catheter ablation, assessment of the individual's risks of
                 thromboembolic events, and effective imaging of patients
                 with left atrial appendage thrombus. Late
                 gadolinium-enhancement MRI aids in the individualized
                 treatment of atrial fibrillation, stratifying recurrence
                 risk and guiding specific ablation strategies. Real-time
                 MRI offers significant safety and effectiveness profiles
                 that would optimize the invasive treatment of atrial
                 fibrillation.",
  bibdate =      "Tue Jul 15 19:38:59 2014",
  pmcid =        "PMC3121930",
}

@Article{RSM:Dal2000,
  author =       "A.M. Dale and A.K. Liu and B.R. Fischl and R.L.
                 Buckner and J.W. Belliveau and J.D. Lewine and E.
                 Halgren",
  title =        "Dynamic statistical parametric mapping: combining
                 f{MRI} and {MEG} for high-resolution imaging of
                 cortical activity.",
  journal =      "Neuron",
  year =         "2000",
  month =        apr,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "55--67",
  robnote =      "Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) can
                 provide maps of brain activation with millimeter
                 spatial resolution but is limited in its temporal
                 resolution to the order of seconds. Here, we describe a
                 technique that combines structural and functional MRI
                 with magnetoencephalography (MEG) to obtain
                 spatiotemporal maps of human brain activity with
                 millisecond temporal resolution. This new technique was
                 used to obtain dynamic statistical parametric maps of
                 cortical activity during semantic processing of
                 visually presented words. An initial wave of activity
                 was found to spread rapidly from occipital visual
                 cortex to temporal, parietal, and frontal areas within
                 185 ms, with a high degree of temporal overlap between
                 different areas. Repetition effects were observed in
                 many of the same areas following this initial wave of
                 activation, providing evidence for the involvement of
                 feedback mechanisms in repetition priming.",
  bibdate =      "Wed Nov 22 00:24:03 2000",
}

@Article{RSM:Dal96,
  author =       "E.P. D'Alche",
  title =        "Application of mapping of cardiac electrical activity
                 to the pharmacology.",
  journal =      "Acta Cardiol.",
  year =         "1996",
  volume =       "51",
  number =       "5",
  pages =        "381--94",
  robnote =      "An odd paper containing part advertisement for a
                 rather antique mapping system (PDP-11 driven), part
                 study showing that the drug TMZ reduces the ST segment
                 changes that follow acute coronary occlustion, and part
                 comparison of ARI before and after application of DSP,
                 an antiarrythmic that clearly prolonged activation
                 recovery interval",
}

@Book{RSM:Dal99,
  author =       "M.K. Dalheimer",
  title =        "Programming with Qt Writing Portable {GUI}
                 applications on {UNIX} and Win32",
  publisher =    "O'Reilly",
  year =         "1999",
  edition =      "1st",
  robnote =      "Qt programming book no hard copy so far",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 27 18:27:27 2001",
}

@Article{RSM:Dam63,
  author =       "R.T. Van Dam and E.N. Moore and B.F. Hoffman",
  title =        "Initiation and Conduction of Impulses in Partially
                 Depolarized Cardiac Fibers",
  journal =      j-AJP,
  year =         "1963",
  volume =       "204",
  pages =        "1133--1144",
  robnote =      "This is a bit of a different angle on the problem of
                 how depolarization affects excitation. Impulses are
                 applied at different stages of repolarization under the
                 assumption that membrane potential is the determining
                 factor in what sort of AP results and how propagation
                 proceeds. No inclusion of the effects of inactivation
                 and reactivation so not really valid for the case of
                 ischemia. They found no hypersensitive phase, no
                 transient increase in propagation., Prop049",
}

@Article{RSM:Dam64,
  author =       "R.T. van Dam and D. Durrer",
  title =        "The {T} Wave and Ventricular Repolarization",
  journal =      j-AJC,
  year =         "1964",
  volume =       "14",
  pages =        "294--300",
  robnote =      "Part of a series on the T-wave and what it has to do
                 with repolarization, this one is often quoted but I
                 don't exactly follow some of the results. It does form
                 the basis for a lot of the T-wave discussions to follow
                 since it shows the variable duration of the AP across
                 the ventricular wall in experiments. ventricular
                 gradient comes up as well. thesis, ECG074",
}

@Article{RSM:Dam82,
  author =       "A.A. Damen and J. van der Kam",
  title =        "The use of singular value decomposition in
                 electrocardiography",
  journal =      j-MBEC,
  year =         "1982",
  volume =       "20",
  pages =        "473--482",
  month =        jul,
  robnote =      "Use the SVD to examine matrices made from the forward
                 solution. Use this to examine sensitivity of he forward
                 and inverse solutions to variations in the formulation,
                 numerics, geometry, etc.",
  bibdate =      "Sun Sep 14 17:07:28 1997",
}

@Article{RSM:Dam95,
  author =       "C.J. Damm and J.T. Bigger and P.C. Ursell and J.S.
                 Steinberg and R. Smith and P.F. Lennon and J.R. Cook",
  title =        "Computer-assisted mapping of infarcted and viable
                 regions of gross cardiac sections following
                 experimental myocardial infarction.",
  journal =      j-CBR,
  year =         "1995",
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "221--38",
  robnote =      "This is not electrical mapping by histological
                 measurement of the infarcted region based on
                 tetrazolium red (TTC) and a computer system that
                 scanned and analyzed each slice. Te interesting detail
                 is that they could use this method with frozen slices
                 that had been rewarmed.",
}

@InProceedings{RSM:Dan2009,
  author = 	 "M. Dannhauer and T. Kn{\"o}sche and B. Lanfer and
                  C. Wolters",
  title = 	 "Skull tissue conductivity modeling affects forward and
                  inverse solution: an {EEG} simulation study across subjects",
  booktitle =    "Neuroimage",
  pages = 	 74,
  year = 	 2009,
  volume = 	 "41 (Suppl)",
  organization = "Human Brain Mapping",
  Robnote = 	 "Moritz conference paper"
}

@Article{RSM:Dan2010,
  author = 	 "M. Dannhauer and E. L{\"a}mmel and C.H. Wolters and
                  T. Kn{\"o}sche",
  title = 	 "Frequency Specific Spatio-Temporal Current Density
                  Reconstruction from EEG-/MEG-Data",
  journal = 	 j-HBM,
  year = 	 "2010",
  OPTkey = 	 "",
  OPTvolume = 	 "",
  OPTnumber = 	 "",
  OPTpages = 	 "",
  OPTmonth = 	 "",
  OPTnote = 	 "",
  OPTRobnote = 	 "Moritz paper with Carsten. Not sure of status??"
}

@Article{RSM:Dan2012,
  author =       "M. Dannhauer and D. Brooks and D. Tucker and R.S. MacLeod",
  title =        "A pipeline for the simulation of transcranial direct
                 current stimulation for realistic human head models using
                 {SCIRun/BioMesh3D}.",
  journal =      c-EMBS2012,
  year =         "2012",
  month =        "Aug",
  volume =       "2012",
  pages =        "5486--5489",
  robnote =      "The current work presents a computational pipeline to
                 simulate transcranial direct current stimulation from
                 image based models of the head with SCIRun [15]. The
                 pipeline contains all the steps necessary to carry out the
                 simulations and is supported by a complete suite of open
                 source software tools: image visualization, segmentation,
                 mesh generation, tDCS electrode generation and efficient
                 tDCS forward simulation.",
  pmcid =        "PMC3651514",
  bibdate =      "Mon Mar 18 08:09:07 2013",
}

@Article{RSM:Dan2013,
  author =       "M. Dannhauer and E. Lammel and C.H. Wolters and T.R.
                 Knosche",
  title =        "Spatio-temporal regularization in linear distributed
                 source reconstruction from EEG/MEG: a critical evaluation.",
  journal =      "Brain Topogr",
  year =         "2013",
  month =        "Apr",
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "229--246",
  robnote =      "The high temporal resolution of EEG/MEG data offers a way
                 to improve source reconstruction estimates which provide
                 insight into the spatio-temporal involvement of neuronal
                 sources in the human brain. In this work, we investigated
                 the performance of spatio-temporal regularization (STR) in
                 a current density approach using a systematic comparison
                 to simple ad hoc or post hoc filtering of the data or of
                 the reconstructed current density, respectively. For the
                 used STR approach we implemented a frequency-specific
                 constraint to penalize solutions outside a narrow
                 frequency band of interest. The widely used sLORETA
                 algorithm was adapted for STR and generally used for
                 source reconstruction. STR and filtering approaches were
                 evaluated with respect to spatial localization error and
                 spatial dispersion, as well as to correlation of original
                 and reconstructed source time courses in single source and
                 two source scenarios with fixed source locations and
                 oscillating source waveforms. We used extensive computer
                 simulations and tested all algorithms with different
                 parameter settings (noise levels and regularization
                 parameters) for EEG data. To verify our results, we also
                 used data from MEG phantom measurements. For the
                 investigated scenarios, we did not find any evidence that
                 STR-based methods outperform purely spatial algorithms
                 applied to temporally filtered data. Furthermore, the
                 results show very clearly that the performance of STR
                 depends very much on the choice of regularization
                 parameters.",
  bibdate =      "Sun Sep 21 22:02:18 2014",
}

@InProceedings{RSM:Dan2013a,
  author = 	 "M. Dannhauer and R.S. MacLeod and S. Guler and D. Tucker and
                  S. Turovets and  C. Mattson and D.H. Brooks",
  title = 	 "Comparison of patch electrodes and high density electrode
                  arrays regarding volume conduction in {tDCS} using a
                  realistic head model ",
  booktitle =    "Proc. Organization for Human Brain Mapping",
  year = 	 2013,
  month = 	 "June",
  Robnote = 	 "Moritz paper at human brain mapping"
}

@InProceedings{RSM:Dan2015,
  author = 	 "M. Dannhauer and S. Guler and L. Fiederer and D. Sarma and
                  J. Ojemann and T. Ball and R.S. MacLeod and D.H. Brooks",
  title = 	 "Optimizing current stimulation of the hand knob area using
                  {ECoG} electrode arrays",
  booktitle =	 "International Conference on Basic and Clinical Multimodal
                  Imaging (BACI)",
  year =         "2015",
  }

@InProceedings{RSM:Dan2015a,
  author = 	 "M. Dannhauer and A. Khan and D. White and S. Guler and
                  S. Frisby and R.S. MacLeod and D.H. Brooks",
  title = 	 "BrainStimulator: A Flexible Extensible Software Tool for
                  Modeling and Optimizing Transcranial Brain Stimulation",
  booktitle =	 "NYC Neuromodulation Conference 2015",
  year =         "2015",
  }

@InProceedings{RSM:Dan2017,
  author = 	 "M. Dannhauer and A. Gkogkidis and S. Guler and
                  K. Shayestehfard and R.S. MacLeod and T. Ball and
                  J. G. Ojemann and D.H. Brooks",
  title = 	 "OPTISTIM: Combining computational neuroscience and
                  electrophysiology for optimal cortical electric
                  stimulationModeling and optimizing cortical electric
                  stimulation",
  booktitle =    "Brain Stimulation: Basic, Translational, and Clinical
                  Research in Neuromodulation",
  year = 	 2017,
  volume = 	 10,
  pages = 	 "e30",
  Robnote = 	 "ECoG"
}

@InProceedings{RSM:Dan2017a,
  author = 	 "M. Dannhauer and I. Gonsalvez and P. Horn and R.S. MacLeod
                  and D.H. Brooks and A. Pascual-Leone and M. A. Halko",
  title = 	 "Cortical network targets of cerebellar transcranial magnetic
                  stimulation",
  booktitle =    "Brain Stimulation: Basic, Translational, and Clinical
                  Research in Neuromodulation",
  year = 	 2017,
  volume = 	 10,
  number = 	 4,
  pages = 	 "e29--e30",
  Robnote = 	 "CIBC"
}

@InProceedings{RSM:Dan2017b,
  author = 	 "M. Dannhauer and K. Shayestehfard and S. Guler and
                  D.J. Caldwell and J.A. Cronin and A. Gkogkidis and
                  R.S. MacLeod and T. Ball and J. G. Ojemann and D.H. Brooks",
  title = 	 "OPTISTIM: Combining computational neuroscience and
                  electrophysiology for optimal cortical electric
                  stimulation",
  booktitle =    "CRCNS 2017 Annual PI Meeting",
  year = 	 2017,
  Robnote = 	 "ECoG"
}

@InProceedings{RSM:Dan2017c,
  author = 	 "M. Dannhauer and A. Gkogkidis and S. Guler and
                  K. Shayestehfard and R.S. MacLeod and T. Ball and
                  J.G. Ojemann and D.H. Brooks",
  title = 	 "OPTISTIM – Combining computational neuroscience and
                  electrophysiology for optimal cortical electric stimulation",
  booktitle =    "NYC Neuromodulation",
  year = 	 2017}

@Article{RSM:Dar2001,
  author =       "D. Darbar and J.E. Olgin and J.M. Miller and P.
                 Friedman",
  title =        "Localization of the origin of arrhythmias for
                 ablation: {F}rom Electrocardiography to Advanced
                 Endocardial Mapping Systems",
  journal =      j-JCE,
  year =         "2001",
  volume =       "12",
  number =       "10",
  pages =        "1309--1325",
  robnote =      "A nice review of endocardial mapping systems.",
}

@Article{RSM:Dar96,
  author =       "D. Darbar and J. Luck and N. Davidson and T. Pringle
                 and G. Main and G. McNeill and A.D. Struthers",
  title =        "Sensitivity and specificity of {QT}c dispersion for
                 identification of risk of cardiac death in patients
                 with peripheral vascular disease",
  journal =      j-BMJ,
  year =         "1996",
  volume =       "312",
  number =       "7035",
  pages =        "874--879",
  robnote =      "OBJECTIVE: To determine whether QTc dispersion, which
                 is easily obtained from a standard electrocardiogram,
                 can predict those patients with peripheral vascular
                 disease who will subsequently suffer a cardiac death,
                 despite having no cardiac symptoms or signs. QTc
                 dispersion was significantly prolonged in the cardiac
                 death group compared with in the survivors (86.3(23.9;
                 41.0-139) v 56.5 (25.4; 25.0-164); P = 0.002). A QTc
                 dispersion > or = 60 ms had a 92\% sensitivity and 81\%
                 specificity in predicting cardiac death, QTc dispersion
                 in patients with diffuse coronary artery disease was
                 significantly (P < 0.05) greater than in those with no
                 disease or disease affecting

license: MIT

license_type: permissive