text:
has become over the
                 years and why he thinks it will be around for a while
                 to come., CompSoft151",
}

@MastersThesis{RSM:Gau97,
  author =       "R.J. Gaudette",
  title =        "Multiresolution analysis of epicardial array data",
  school =       "Northeastern University",
  year =         "1997",
  address =      "Boston, MA",
  robnote =      "Rick's thesis. cardiac mapping, wavelets",
  bibdate =      "Tue Jan 13 21:01:44 1998",
}

@InProceedings{RSM:Gau97b,
  author =       "R.J. Gaudette and D.H. Brooks and R.S. MacLeod",
  title =        "Epicardial velocity estimation using wavelets",
  volume =       "24",
  pages =        "339--342",
  booktitle =    c-CinC,
  year =         "1997",
  bibdate =      "Fri Jan 30 13:38:50 1998",
}

@Article{RSM:Gee93,
  author =       "J.C. Gee and M. Reivich and R. Bajcsy",
  title =        "Elastically Deforming {3D} Atlas to Match Anatomical
                 Brain Images",
  journal =      "J. of Comp. Assist. Tomog.",
  year =         "1993",
  volume =       "11",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "225--236",
  robnote =      "morphing paper, mesh generation, geometric models",
}

@Article{RSM:Gel64,
  author =       "H.L. Gelernter and J.C. Swihart",
  title =        "A Mathematical-Physical Model of the Genesis of the
                 Electrocardiogram",
  journal =      j-BJ,
  year =         "1964",
  volume =       "4",
  pages =        "285--301",
  robnote =      "A very readable paper discussing one of the original
                 papers on torso models. They use an iterative technique
                 to calculate surface potentials according to dipole
                 source and imposed boundary conditions. A good starting
                 point in reading up this whole area. thesis.,
                 TorsoModel010",
}

@InProceedings{RSM:Gen2005b,
  author =       "S.E. Geneser and S. Choe and R.M. Kirby and R.S.
                 Macleod",
  title =        "The Influence of Stochastic Organ Conductivity in {2D}
                 {ECG} Forward Modeling: {A} Stochastic Finite Element
                 Study",
  booktitle =    c-EMBS2005,
  year =         "2005",
  address =      "Shanghai, China",
  month =        sep # " 1-4",
  pages =        "5528--5531",
}

@Article{RSM:Gen2005c,
  author =       "S.E. Geneser and S.K. Choe and R.M. Kirby and R.S.
                 Macleod",
  title =        "2{D} stochastic finite element study of the influence
                 of organ conductivity in {ECG} Forward Modeling",
  journal =      j-IJBEM,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "321--324",
  year =         "2005",
}

@Article{RSM:Gen2007a,
  author =       "S.E. Geneser and D.B. Xiu and R.M. Kirby and F.B.
                 Sachse",
  title =        "Stochastic {M}arkovian modeling of electrophysiology
                 of ion channels: {R}econstruction of standard
                 deviations in macroscopic currents",
  journal =      j-JTB,
  year =         "2007",
  volume =       "245",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "627--637",
}

@Article{RSM:Gen2008,
  author =       "S.E. Geneser and R.S. MacLeod and R.M. Kirby",
  title =        "Application of Stochastic Finite Element Methods to
                 Study the Sensitivity of {ECG} Forward Modeling to
                 Organ Conductivity",
  journal =      j-BME,
  year =         "2008",
  volume =       "55",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "31--40",
}

@Article{RSM:Gen84,
  author =       "R.M. Genet and L.J. Boyd and D.J. Sauer",
  title =        "Interfacing for Real-Time Control",
  journal =      j-BYTE,
  year =         "1984",
  month =        apr,
  pages =        "137--148",
  robnote =      "Appropriate interfacing simplifies design of a
                 telescope system, real time systems, astronomy, control
                 data collection., CompSoft046",
}

@Article{RSM:Geo81,
  author =       "A.K. George and A.E. Marble",
  title =        "Digital Heart Rate Meter Using {CMOS} Devices",
  journal =      j-MBEC,
  year =         "1981",
  volume =       "1",
  pages =        "517--520",
  robnote =      "heart rate meter, interesting since it came from the
                 TUNS team!, ECG013",
}

@Article{RSM:Geo89,
  author =       "George E. Pajari",
  title =        "Interrupts Aren't Always Best",
  journal =      j-BYTE,
  year =         "1989",
  month =        may,
  pages =        "261--266",
  robnote =      ", CompSoft132",
}

@Article{RSM:Geo95,
  author =       "J.S. George and C.J. Aine and J.C. Mosher and D.M.
                 Schmidt D.M. Ranken and H.A. Schlitt and C.C Wood wnd
                 J.D. Lewine and J.A. Sanders and J.W. Belliveau",
  title =        "Mapping Function in the Human Brain with
                 Magnetoencephalography, Anatomical Magnetic Resonance
                 Imaging, and Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging",
  journal =      "J. Clin. Neurophysiol.",
  year =         "1995",
  volume =       "12",
  number =       "5",
  pages =        "406",
  robnote =      "no hard copy, brain mapping, MEG,",
  bibdate =      "Thu Jan 22 13:54:26 1998",
}

@Article{RSM:Gep97,
  author =       "L. Gepstein and G. Hayam and S.A. Ben-Haim",
  title =        "A novel method for nonfluoroscopic catheter-based
                 electroanatomical mapping of the heart: {I}n vitro and
                 in vivo accuracy results",
  journal =      j-C,
  year =         "1997",
  volume =       "95",
  pages =        "1611--1622",
  robnote =      "CARTA Technique used for RSM:Kot97 to map the
                 endocardial surface using a set of magnetic
                 transmitters and a catheter-based receiver. cardiac
                 mapping, ablation",
  acknowledgement = ack-xxx,
  bibdate =      "Tue Jan 06 14:51:34 1998",
}

@Article{RSM:Gep98,
  author =       "L. Gepstein and S.J. Evans",
  title =        "Electroanatomical mapping of the heart: basic concepts
                 and implications for the treatment of cardiac
                 arrhythmias.",
  journal =      j-P,
  year =         "1998",
  volume =       "21",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "1268--78",
  robnote =      "",
}

@Article{RSM:Ger2000,
  author =       "BL. Gerber and JA. Lima and Garot J. and DA. Bluemke",
  title =        "Magnetic resonance imaging of myocardial infarct",
  journal =      "Topics in Magnetic Resonance Imaging",
  year =         "2000",
  month =        dec,
  volume =       "11",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "372--82",
}

@Article{RSM:Ger2000b,
  author =       "BL. Gerber and CE. Rochitte and JA. Melin and ER.
                 McVeigh and DA. Bluemke and KC. Wu and LC. Becker and
                 JA. Lima",
  title =        "Microvascular obstruction and left ventricular
                 remodeling early after acute myocardial infarction",
  journal =      j-C,
  year =         "2000",
  month =        jun,
  volume =       "101",
  number =       "23",
  pages =        "2734--41",
}

@Article{RSM:Ger90,
  author =       "H. Gerhardt and M. Schuster and J. Tyson",
  title =        "A Cellular Automaton Model of Excitable Media
                 Including Curvature and Dispersion",
  journal =      "Science",
  year =         "1990",
  volume =       "247",
  pages =        "1563--1566",
  robnote =      "Good intro paper on curvature in a cellular automata
                 model",
}

@Article{RSM:Ges2000,
  author =       "D.B. Geselowitz and J. Ferrara",
  title =        "Comments on Fusion of body surface potential and body
                 surface Laplacian signals for electrocardiographic
                 imaging.",
  journal =      j-BME,
  year =         "2000",
  month =        aug,
  volume =       "47",
  number =       "8",
  pages =        "1138--1100",
  robnote =      "a critique of the Throne paper on Laplacian mapping
                 for mis-quoting Geselowitz and suggesting that it was a
                 feabible technique when combined with BSPM. Throne
                 replied with an apology but used Johnston as support",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 19 13:33:03 2000",
}

@Article{RSM:Ges64,
  author =       "D.B. Geselowitz",
  title =        "Dipole Theory in Electrocardiography",
  journal =      j-AJC,
  year =         "1964",
  volume =       "14",
  pages =        "301--306",
  robnote =      "Nice outline of the dipole as a cardiac source. Also
                 talks about multipoles and the still open problem of
                 what a dipole has to do with heart electrical activity,
                 especially with regards to diagnosis. thesis, ECG075",
}

@InCollection{RSM:Ges69,
  author =       "D.B. Geselowitz and O.H. Schmitt",
  title =        "Electrocardiography",
  booktitle =    "Biological Engineering",
  editor =       "H.P. Schwan",
  publisher =    "McGraw Hill",
  address =      "New York",
  year =         "1969",
  pages =        "333--390",
  robnote =      "An important chapter from a book on biomedical
                 engineering, this covers a lot of the basic theory
                 behind the ECG. It is not as readable as Plonsey and
                 the notation is a bit different but all the stuff is
                 here, somewhere. Thesis reference., ECG066",
}

@Article{RSM:Ges80,
  author =       "D.B. Geselowitz and R.C. Arzbaacher and R.C. Barr and
                 S.A. Briller and A.N. Damato and N. Flowers and K.
                 Millar and C. Oliver and R. Plonsey and R.E. Smith",
  title =        "Electrical Safety Standards for Electrocardiographic
                 Apparatus",
  journal =      j-C,
  year =         "1980",
  volume =       "61",
  pages =        "669--670",
  robnote =      "Just a short one, but it set up the high standards for
                 ECG measuring equipment for the U.S. and probably lots
                 of other countries as well. The leakage standards were
                 set at the low levels which remain in effect to this
                 day. Electrical safety. thesis, Electronics022",
}

@Article{RSM:Ges82,
  author =       "D.B. Geselowitz and R.C. Barr and W.T. Miller III",
  title =        "The imapct of adjacent isotropic fluids on
                 electrograms from anisotropic cardiac muscle",
  journal =      j-CR,
  year =         "1982",
  volume =       "51",
  pages =        "602--613",
  robnote =      "an interesting paper in which they propose tha
                 interstitial anisotropy is not important in modeling
                 epicardial potentials. THis is not as saying that
                 anisotropy of the intracellular space does not matter
                 though",
  bibdate =      "Tue May 01 16:33:29 2001",
}

@Article{RSM:Ges83,
  author =       "D.B. Geselowitz and W.T. Miller",
  title =        "A Bidomain Model for Anisotropic Cardiac Muscle",
  journal =      j-ABE,
  year =         "1983",
  volume =       "11",
  pages =        "191--206",
  robnote =      "A major paper in the propagation model which sets out
                 the bidomain model for anisotropic conduction. thesis,
                 Prop025",
}

@Article{RSM:Ges83b,
  author =       "D.B. Geselowitz",
  title =        "The Ventricular Gradient Revisited: {R}elation to the
                 Area under the Action Potential",
  journal =      j-BME,
  year =         "1983",
  volume =       "30",
  pages =        "76--77",
  robnote =      "More on ventricular gradient. read it. thesis,
                 ECG082",
}

@Article{RSM:Ges85,
  author =       "D.B. Geselowitz",
  title =        "Use of Time Integrals of the {ECG} to Solve the
                 Inverse Problem",
  journal =      j-BME,
  year =         "1985",
  volume =       "32",
  pages =        "73--75",
  robnote =      "ECG time integrals and what they mean in terms of the
                 inverse solution. thesis, ECG083",
}

@InCollection{RSM:Ges89,
  author =       "D.B. Geselowitz",
  title =        "Theory and Simulation of the Electrocardiogram.",
  booktitle =    "Comprehensive Electrocardiology",
  publisher =    pub-PER,
  year =         "1989",
  editor =       "Macfarlane P.W. and T.D. {Lawrie Veitch}",
  volume =       "2",
  chapter =      "7",
  pages =        "181--194",
}

@Article{RSM:Ges99,
  author =       "D.B. Geselowitz and J.E. Ferrara",
  title =        "Is accurate recording of the {ECG} surface Laplacian
                 feasible?",
  journal =      j-BME,
  year =         "1999",
  month =        apr,
  volume =       "46",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "377--381",
  robnote =      "Experimental and model studies were performed to
                 measure the electrocardiographic surface Laplacian
                 using a rectangular finite difference approximation.
                 The experimental approach used ten normal subjects with
                 two sites on the torso. Electrode spacing was 2 cm. The
                 surface Laplacian is theoretically independent of
                 rotation of the electrode array. The data showed
                 considerable variation with rotation. Model studies
                 employed a realistic 23-dipole source. A spherical
                 volume conductor showed invariance with rotation, as
                 anticipated theoretically. A realistic torso, however,
                 showed variation with rotation, although not as severe
                 as that measured. A separate experimental study
                 considered the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for the
                 surface Laplacian. The average SNR was 3.3 and 2.5 at
                 the two sites. These results raise serious questions
                 about the practical ability to measure the surface
                 Laplacian on the torso.",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 19 13:33:03 2000",
}

@InCollection{RSM:Get86,
  author =       "L.S. Gettes",
  title =        "Effects of Ischemia on Cardiac Electrophysiolgy",
  booktitle =    "The Heart and Cardiovascular System",
  editor =       "H.E. Fozzard and others",
  publisher =    "Raven Press",
  address =      "New York",
  year =         "1986",
  pages =        "1317--1341",
  robnote =      "Ischemia and its effects on the electrical activity of
                 the cardiac cell, resting potential change, excitation,
                 etc. Great stuff! thesis., Ischemia114",
}

@Article{RSM:Gha2001,
  author =       "R.N. Ghanem and J.E. Burnes and A.L. Waldo and Y.
                 Rudy",
  title =        "Imaging dispersion of myocardial repolarization, {II}:
                 noninvasive reconstruction of epicardial measures",
  journal =      j-C,
  year =         "2001",
  month =        sep,
  volume =       "104",
  number =       "11",
  pages =        "1306--1312",
  robnote =      "Here, using a recently developed ECG imaging method,
                 we evaluate the feasibility of noninvasive
                 reconstruction of such epicardial measures from
                 body-surface ECG data. Epicardial potentials were
                 recorded with a 224-electrode sock from an open-chest
                 dog during control, regional warming, cooling, and
                 simultaneous adjacent warming and cooling to induce
                 localized changes in myocardial repolarization and
                 regions of increased dispersion. Body-surface
                 potentials were generated from these epicardial
                 potentials in a human torso model. Realistic geometric
                 errors and measurement noise were added to the torso
                 data, which were then used to noninvasively reconstruct
                 epicardial measures of repolarization dispersion
                 (activation recovery intervals [ARIs] and QRST
                 integrals). Repolarization properties were accurately
                 depicted by ECG imaging, including (1) shortened ARIs
                 and increased QRST integrals over the warmed region,
                 (2) prolonged ARIs and decreased QRST integrals over
                 the cooled region, and (3) high gradients of ARIs and
                 QRST integrals over the adjacent warmed and cooled
                 regions.",
  bibdate =      "Fri Nov 23 18:06:43 2001",
}

@Article{RSM:Gha2003,
  author =       "R.N. Ghanem and C. Ramanathan and P. Jia and Y. Rudy",
  title =        "Heart-surface reconstruction and {ECG} electrodes
                 localization using fluoroscopy, epipolar geometry and
                 stereovision: {A}pplication to noninvasive imaging of
                 cardiac electrical activity",
  journal =      "j-TMI",
  year =         "2003",
  month =        oct,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "10",
  pages =        "1307--1318",
  robnote =      "Developed a fluoroscopic method to determine the heart
                 surface geometry based on projective geometry, epipolar
                 geometry, point reconstruction, b-spline interpolation
                 and visualization. Fluoroscopy-reconstructed hearts in
                 a phantom and a human subject were validated using
                 high-resolution computed tomography (CT) imaging. The
                 mean absolute distance error for the
                 fluoroscopy-reconstructed heart relative to the CT
                 heart was 4 mm (phantom) and 10 mm (human). In the
                 human, ECGI images of normal cardiac electrical
                 activity on the fluoroscopy-reconstructed heart showed
                 close correlation with those obtained on the CT
                 heart.",
  bibdate =      "Tue Aug 16 08:40:12 2005",
}

@Article{RSM:Gha2005,
  author =       "R.N. Ghanem and P. Jia and C. Ramanathan and K. Ryu
                 and A. Markowitz and Y. Rudy",
  title =        "Noninvasive electrocardiographic imaging ({ECGI}):
                 {C}omparison to intraoperative mapping in patients",
  journal =      j-HR,
  year =         "2005",
  month =        apr,
  volume =       "2",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "339--354",
  robnote =      "Images obtained by noninvasive ECGI are compared to
                 invasive direct epicardial mapping in open heart
                 surgery patients. Noninvasive potential maps captured
                 epicardial breakthrough sites and reflected general
                 activation and repolarization patterns, localized
                 pacing sites to approximately 1 cm and distinguished
                 between epicardial and endocardial origin of
                 activation. Noninvasively reconstructed electrogram
                 morphologies correlated moderately with their invasive
                 counterparts (cross correlation = 0.72 +/- 0.25 [sinus
                 rhythm], 0.67 +/- 0.23 [endocardial pacing], 0.71 +/-
                 0.21 [epicardial pacing]).",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 9 21:00:41 2006",
}

@Article{RSM:Gha2017,
  author =       "E. Ghafoori and E.G. Kholmovski and S. Thomas and J.
                 Silvernagel and N. Angel and N. Hu and D.J. Dosdall and R.
                 MacLeod and R. Ranjan",
  title =        "Characterization of Gadolinium Contrast Enhancement of
                 Radiofrequency Ablation Lesions in Predicting Edema and
                 Chronic Lesion Size.",
  journal =      j-CAE,
  year =         "2017",
  month =        "Nov",
  volume =       "10",
  number =       "11",
  pages =        "",
  robnote =      "BACKGROUND: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been
                 used to acutely visualize radiofrequency ablation lesions,
                 but its accuracy in predicting chronic lesion size is
                 unknown. The main goal of this study was to characterize
                 different areas of enhancement in late gadolinium
                 enhancement MRI done immediately after ablation to predict
                 acute edema and chronic lesion size. METHODS AND RESULTS:
                 In a canine model (n=10), ventricular radiofrequency
                 lesions were created using ThermoCool SmartTouch (Biosense
                 Webster) catheter. All animals underwent MRI (late
                 gadolinium enhancement and T2-weighted edema imaging)
                 immediately after ablation and after 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks.
                 Edema, microvascular obstruction, and enhanced volumes
                 were identified in MRI and normalized to chronic
                 histological volume. Immediately after contrast
                 administration, the microvascular obstruction region was
                 3.2+/-1.1 times larger than the chronic lesion volume in
                 acute MRI. Even 60 minutes after contrast administration,
                 edema was 8.7+/-3.31 times and the enhanced area
                 6.14+/-2.74 times the chronic lesion volume. Exponential
                 fit to the microvascular obstruction volume was found to
                 be the best predictor of chronic lesion volume at 26.14
                 minutes (95\% prediction interval, 24.35-28.11 minutes)
                 after contrast injection. The edema volume in late
                 gadolinium enhancement correlated well with edema volume
                 in T2-weighted MRI with an R(2) of 0.99. CONCLUSION:
                 Microvascular obstruction region on acute late gadolinium
                 enhancement images acquired 26.1 minutes after contrast
                 administration can accurately predict the chronic lesion
                 volume. We also show that T1-weighted MRI images acquired
                 immediately after contrast injection accurately shows
                 edema resulting from radiofrequency ablation.",
  bibdate =      "Thu Jan 4 21:33:17 2018",
  pmcid =        "PMC5693314",
}

@InProceedings{RSM:Gha93,
  author =       "P.B. Gharpure and C.R. Johnson",
  title =        "A 3-Dimensional Cellular Automation Model of the
                 Heart",
  booktitle =    c-EMBS93,
  year =         "1993",
  publisher =    "IEEE Press",
  pages =        "752--753",
  robnote =      "Prasad's paper on his cellular automata model",
  bibdate =      "Sat Oct 30 21:59:59 1999",
}

@Article{RSM:Gho2005,
  author =       "A. Ghodrati and D.H. Brooks and G. Tadmor and B.
                 Punske and R.S. MacLeod",
  title =        "Wavefront-based inverse electrocardiography using an
                 evolving curve state vector and phenomenological
                 propagation and potential models",
  journal =      "Int. J. Bioelectromagnet.",
  year =         "2005",
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "210--213",
  robnote =      "Alireza paper I presented at ICE?",
  bibdate =      "Sat Feb 09 08:16:57 2008",
}

@Article{RSM:Gho2006,
  author =       "A. Ghodrati and A. Keely and G. Tadmor and R. Macleod
                 and D.H. Brooks",
  title =        "A wavefront-based constraint for potential surface
                 solutions in inverse electrocardiography.",
  journal =      "Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc",
  year =         "2006",
  volume =       "1",
  pages =        "2550--2553",
  robnote =      "Inverse electrocardiography in recent years has
                 generally been approached using one of two quite
                 distinct source models, either a potential-based
                 approach or an activation-based approach. Each approach
                 has advantages and disadvantages relative to the other,
                 which are inherited by all specific methods based on a
                 given approach. Recently our group has been working to
                 develop models which can bridge between these two
                 approaches, hoping to capture some of the most
                 important advantages of both. In this work we present
                 one such effort, which we term wavefront-based
                 potential reconstruction (WBPR). It is a modification
                 of standard regularization methods for potential-based
                 inverse electrocardiography, into which we incorporate
                 a constraint based on a wavefront-like approximation to
                 the potential-based solution. Initial results indicate
                 significant improvement with respect to localization
                 and characterization of the wavefront in simulations
                 using both epicardially and supra-ventricularly paced
                 heartbeats.",
  bibdate =      "Sat Feb 9 08:19:58 2008",
}

@Article{RSM:Gho2006b,
  author =       "A. Ghodrati and D.H. Brooks and G. Tadmor and R.S.
                 MacLeod",
  title =        "Wavefront-based models for inverse
                 electrocardiography.",
  journal =      j-BME,
  year =         "2006",
  month =        sep,
  volume =       "53",
  number =       "9",
  pages =        "1821--1831",
  robnote =      "We introduce two wavefront-based methods for the
                 inverse problem of electrocardiography, which we term
                 wavefront-based curve reconstruction (WBCR) and
                 wavefront-based potential reconstruction (WBPR). In the
                 WBCR approach, the epicardial activation wavefront is
                 modeled as a curve evolving on the heart surface, with
                 the evolution governed by factors derived
                 phenomenologically from prior measured data. The body
                 surface potential/wavefront relationship is modeled via
                 an intermediate mapping of wavefront to epicardial
                 potentials, again derived phenomenologically. In the
                 WBPR approach, we iteratively construct an estimate of
                 epicardial potentials from an estimated wavefront curve
                 according to a simplified model and use it as an
                 initial solution in a Tikhonov regularization scheme.
                 Initial simulation results using measured canine
                 epicardial data show considerable improvement in
                 reconstructing activation wavefronts and epicardial
                 potentials with respect to standard Tikhonov solutions.
                 In particular the WBCR method accurately finds the
                 anisotropic propagation early after epicardial pacing,
                 and the WBPR method finds the wavefront (regions of
                 sharp gradient of the potential) both accurately and
                 with minimal smoothing.",
  bibdate =      "Sat Feb 9 08:19:58 2008",
}

@Article{RSM:Gho2007,
  author =       "A. Ghodrati and D.H. Brooks and R.S. MacLeod",
  title =        "Methods of solving reduced lead systems for inverse
                 electrocardiography.",
  journal =      j-BME,
  year =         "2007",
  month =        feb,
  volume =       "54",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "339--343",
  robnote =      "In the context of inverse electrocardiography, we
                 examine the problem of using measurements from sets of
                 electrocardiographic leads that are smaller than the
                 number of nodes in the associated geometric models of
                 the torso. We compared several methods to estimate the
                 solution from such reduced-lead measurements sets both
                 with and without knowledge of prior statistics of the
                 measurements. We present here simulation results that
                 indicate that deleting rows of the forward matrix
                 corresponding to the unmeasured leads performs best in
                 the absence of prior statistics, and that Bayesian (or
                 least-squares) estimation performs best in the presence
                 of prior statistics.",
  bibdate =      "Sat Feb 9 08:19:58 2008",
}

@Article{RSM:Gia2010,
  author =       "D. Gianni and S. McKeever and T. Yu and R. Britten and H.
                 Delingette and A. Frangi and P. Hunter and N. Smith",
  title =        "Sharing and reusing cardiovascular anatomical models over
                 the Web: a step towards the implementation of the virtual
                 physiological human project.",
  journal =      "Philos Transact A Math Phys Eng Sci",
  year =         "2010",
  month =        "Jun",
  volume =       "368",
  number =       "1921",
  pages =        "3039--3056",
  robnote =      "Sharing and reusing anatomical models over the Web offers
                 a significant opportunity to progress the investigation of
                 cardiovascular diseases. However, the current sharing
                 methodology suffers from the limitations of static model
                 delivery (i.e. embedding static links to the models within
                 Web pages) and of a disaggregated view of the model
                 metadata produced by publications and cardiac simulations
                 in isolation. In the context of euHeart--a research
                 project targeting the description and representation of
                 cardiovascular models for disease diagnosis and treatment
                 purposes--we aim to overcome the above limitations with
                 the introduction of euHeartDB, a Web-enabled database for
                 anatomical models of the heart. The database implements a
                 dynamic sharing methodology by managing data access and by
                 tracing all applications. In addition to this, euHeartDB
                 establishes a knowledge link with the physiome model
                 repository by linking geometries to CellML models embedded
                 in the simulation of cardiac behaviour. Furthermore,
                 euHeartDB uses the exFormat--a preliminary version of the
                 interoperable FieldML data format--to effectively promote
                 reuse of anatomical models, and currently incorporates
                 Continuum Mechanics, Image Analysis, Signal Processing and
                 System Identification Graphical User Interface (CMGUI), a
                 rendering engine, to provide three-dimensional graphical
                 views of the models populating the database. Currently,
                 euHeartDB stores 11 cardiac geometries developed within
                 the euHeart project consortium.  INRIA",
  bibdate =      "Sun Dec 4 15:51:50 2011",
}

@Article{RSM:Gia90,
  author =       "P.J. Giannoccaro and A.S.L. Tang",
  title =        "Electrophysiologic Study and Cardiac Dysrhythmia",
  journal =      "Medicine North America",
  year =         "1990",
  month =        feb,
  pages =        "374--380",
  robnote =      ", Arrhythm032",
}

@Article{RSM:Gil2005,
  author =       "A.M. Gillinov and P.M. McCarthy and E.H. Blackstone
                 and J. Rajeswaran and G. Pettersson and J.F. Sabik and
                 L.G. Svensson and D.M. Cosgrove and K.M. Hill and G.V.
                 Gonzalez-Stawinski and N. Marrouche and A. Natale",
  title =        "Surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation with bipolar
                 radiofrequency as the primary modality.",
  journal =      "J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg",
  year =         "2005",
  month =        jun,
  volume =       "129",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "1322--1329",
  robnote =      "afib OBJECTIVES: In studying cardiac surgical patients
                 undergoing atrial fibrillation ablation with bipolar
                 radiofrequency, we sought to (1) quantify the
                 time-related prevalence of atrial fibrillation
                 postoperatively and identify its risk factors and (2)
                 determine time-related ablation failure and its risk
                 factors. METHODS: From November 2001 to January 2004,
                 513 patients underwent atrial fibrillation ablation
                 (bipolar radiofrequency alone or with cryothermy) and
                 other cardiac operations. Rhythm documented on 3495
                 postoperative electrocardiograms was used to estimate
                 the prevalence of and risk factors for atrial
                 fibrillation across time. Ablation failure was defined
                 as occurrence of atrial fibrillation any time beyond 6
                 months after operation. RESULTS: Prevalence of
                 postoperative atrial fibrillation peaked at about 1
                 month, decreased to 13\% at 6 months, and gradually
                 increased thereafter. Risk factors associated with
                 increased prevalence varied by time period and included
                 older age ( P = .004) for early occurrence, lesion set
                 in permanent atrial fibrillation ( P = .02) for late
                 occurrence, and larger left atrial diameter ( P = .02)
                 and permanent atrial fibrillation ( P < .0001) for
                 occurrence across the entire time span. Freedom from
                 ablation failure was 72\% at 12 months. Risk factors
                 for ablation failure included lesion set in permanent
                 atrial fibrillation ( P = .001), longer duration of
                 atrial fibrillation ( P = .01), and larger left atrial
                 diameter ( P = .03). CONCLUSIONS: Bipolar
                 radiofrequency enables extension of ablation to most
                 cardiac surgical patients with atrial fibrillation.
                 Recurrence is influenced by the type and duration of
                 atrial fibrillation, choice of lesion set in permanent
                 atrial fibrillation, and left atrial size. Early
                 operation, careful choice of lesion set, and left
                 atrial reduction might enhance results.",
  bibdate =      "Thu Jun 28 00:49:02 2007",
}

@Article{RSM:Gil2006,
  author =       "A.M. Gillinov and F. Bakaeen and P.M. McCarthy and
                 E.H. Blackstone and J. Rajeswaran and G. Pettersson and
                 3rd Sabik JF and F. Najam and K.M. Hill and L.G.
                 Svensson and D.M. Cosgrove and N. Marrouche and A.
                 Natale",
  title =        "Surgery for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in the
                 setting of mitral valve disease: a role for pulmonary
                 vein isolation?",
  journal =      "Ann Thorac Surg",
  year =         "2006",
  month =        jan,
  volume =       "81",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "19--26; discussion 27--8",
  robnote =      "afib, BACKGROUND: It is unknown whether pulmonary vein
                 isolation or a complete Cox-Maze procedure is needed to
                 ablate paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in patients with
                 mitral valve disease. Our objective was to assess the
                 impact of different surgical treatments for this
                 arrhythmia in patients undergoing mitral valve surgery.
                 METHODS: From July 1993 to January 2004, 152 patients
                 underwent combined surgical treatment of paroxysmal
                 atrial fibrillation and mitral valve disease. Ablation
                 procedures included pulmonary vein isolation alone (n =
                 31, 20\%), pulmonary vein isolation with left atrial
                 connecting lesions (n = 80, 53\%), and Cox-Maze (n =
                 41, 27\%). The latter had longer durations of atrial
                 fibrillation than the former (p < 0.0001). Rhythm
                 documented on 1,225 postoperative electrocardiograms
                 was used to estimate prevalence of, and risk factors
                 for, atrial fibrillation across time. Ablation failure
                 was defined as occurrence of atrial fibrillation any
                 time beyond 6 months after operation. RESULTS:
                 Prevalence of postoperative atrial fibrillation peaked
                 at 22\% at 2 weeks and declined to 9\% at 1 year. Risk
                 factors included older age (p = 0.09), larger left
                 atrium (p = 0.05), and rheumatic (p = 0.003) and
                 degenerative etiologies (p = 0.03). Freedom from
                 ablation failure was 84\% at one year. Ablation
                 procedure did not affect prevalence of atrial
                 fibrillation or incidence of ablation failure.
                 CONCLUSIONS: Pulmonary vein isolation alone may be
                 adequate treatment for patients with paroxysmal atrial
                 fibrillation undergoing mitral valve surgery,
                 particularly when it is of short duration. A randomized
                 trial is necessary to examine this strategy, especially
                 in patients with longer duration of paroxysmal atrial
                 fibrillation.",
  bibdate =      "Thu Jun 28 00:49:02 2007",
}

@InCollection{RSM:Gil2008,
  author = 	 "A.M. Gillinov and A.E. Saltman",
  title = 	 "Ablation of atrial fibrillation wirth cardiac surgery",
  booktitle = 	 "Comtemporary Cardiology: Atrial Fibrillation, from
		  Bench to Bedside",
  publisher = 	 "Human Press",
  year = 	 "2008",
  editor =	 "A. Natale and J. Jalife",
  address =	 "Totawa, NJ",
  robnote = 	 "describes Maze procedure for afib ablatiion",
  bibdate = 	 "Wed Aug 26 09:05:20 2009"
}

@InProceedings{RSM:Gil2015,
  author = 	 "K. Gillette and J.D. Tate and B. Kindall and P. Van Dam and
                  E. Kholmovski and R.S. MacLeod",
  title = 	 "Generation of Combined-Modality Tetrahedral Meshes",
  booktitle =     c-CinC,
  year = 	 2015,
  volume = 	 42,
  pages = 	 "953--956"}

@InProceedings{RSM:Gil2016,
  author = 	 "K. Gillette and J.D. Tate and B. Kindall and W.W. Good and
                  J. Wilkinson and N. Simha and R.S. MacLeod",
  title = 	 "Temporal Dilation of Animal Cardiac Recordings Registered to
                  Human Torso Geometries",
  booktitle = c-CinC,
  year = 	 2016,
  volume = 	 43,
  pages = 	 "DOI:10.22489/CinC.2016.095-426"}

@MastersThesis{RSM:Gil2016a,
  author = 	 "K. Gillette",
  title = 	 "Dilation of animal cardiac recordings registered to human
                  torso geometries",
  school = 	 "University of Utah",
  year = 	 2016,
  Robnote = 	 "Karli's thesis"
}

@Book{RSM:Gil81,
  author =       "P.E. Gill and W. Murray and M.H. Wright",
  title =        "Practical Optimization",
  editor =       "",
  publisher =    "Academic Press",
  address =      "London",
  year =         "1981",
  robnote =      "A nice book with a great intro basics on linear
                 algebra, matrix algebra and even ill-conditioning and
                 condition number. I have these pages copied but the
                 book seemed generally quite useful. thesis,
                 NumMath030",
}

@Article{RSM:Gil89,
  author =       "R.F. Gillum",
  title =        "Sudden Coronary Death in the {United States}
                 1908--1985",
  journal =      j-C,
  year =         "1989",
  volume =       "79",
  pages =        "756--765",
  robnote =      "A bit of epidemiology of where and how many deaths
                 occur due to ischemic heart disease and sudden cardiac
                 death., Ischemia158",
}

@Article{RSM:Gin85,
  author =       "R. Ginsburg and L. Wexler and R.S. Mitchell and D.
                 Profitt",
  title =        "Percutaneous Transluminal Laser for Treatment of
                 Peripheral Vascular Disease",
  journal =      "Radiology",
  year =         "1985",
  volume =       "15",
  pages =        "619--624",
  robnote =      "Here laser angioplasty was performed on peripheral
                 vessels to remove the same sort of atherosclerotic
                 plaque which affects the coronaries. Subjects were
                 humans and all went basically ok, a few perforations
                 but quickly brought under control, however, the authors
                 don't seem to see any advantage in the technique.PTCA.,
                 Ischemia037",
}

@Article{RSM:Gio90,
  author =       "R. {Giorgi, C. ad Nadeau} and R. Primeau and M.A.
                 Campa and R. Cardinals and M. Shenasa and P.L.
                 Pag{\'e}",
  title =        "Comparative accuracy of the vectorcardiogram and
                 electrocardiogram in the localization of the accessory
                 pathway in patient with {W}olff-{P}arkinson-{W}hite
                 syndrome: {V}alidation of a new vectorcardiographic
                 algorithm by intrapoerative epicardial mapping and
                 electrophysiological studies",
  journal =      j-AHJ,
  year =         "1990",
  volume =       "119",
  pages =        "592--598",
  robnote =      "Another in the series of detection of WPW syndrome
                 papers, this on from the Montreal group. They found
                 they could use a VCG based method to do better at
                 localizing accessory pathways than with a couple of
                 ECG-based methods. Confirmation was provided by
                 epicardial mapping of the site during surgery.",
}

@InProceedings{RSM:Gir2010,
  author =	 "E. Girard-Hughes and R. Fahrig and T. Moore and J. Boese and
                  G. Lauritsch and A. Al-Ahmad",
  title =	 "Visualization of radiofrequency ablation lesions with iodine
                  contrast-enhanced cardiac dynact",
  booktitle =	 c-HRS,
  pages =	 "S85",
  year =	 2010,
  organization = "Heart Rhythm Society",
  Robnote =	 "CT based visualization of lesions in the ventrical.  "
}

@InProceedings{RSM:Gla2006,
  author = 	 "J. Glaunes and S. Joshi",
  title = 	 "Template estimation from unlabeled point set data
                  and surfaces for computational anatomy",
  booktitle = "Proc. of Workshop MFCA ",
  year = 	 2006,
  Robnote = 	 "registration and morphing algorithm weare also using
                 for the Afib project"
}

@Article{RSM:Gla2008,
  author = 	 "J. Glaunes and A. Qiu and M.I. Miller and L. Younes",
  title = 	 "Large Deformation Diffeomorphic Metric Curve Mapping",
  journal = 	 "Int. J. Comput. Vision",
  year = 	 2008,
  volume = 	 80,
  number = 	 3,
  pages = 	 "317--336",
  Robnote = 	 "registration and morphing algorithm weare also using
                 for the Afib project."
}

@Article{RSM:Gla90b,
  author =       "L.B. Glass",
  title =        "The {SCSI} Bus (Part 1)",
  journal =      j-BYTE,
  year =         "1990",
  month =        feb,
  pages =        "267--274",
  robnote =      ", CompHard183",
}

@InProceedings{RSM:Glo91,
  author =       "A. Globus and C. Levit and T. Lasinski",
  title =        "A tool for visualizing the topology of
                 three-dimensional vector fields",
  booktitle =    "Proceedings of the IEEE Visualization 91",
  year =         "1991",
  pages =        "33--40",
  publisher =    "IEEE CS Press",
  address =      "Los Alamitos, Calif.",
  robnote =      "A paper from a seminar I took at Vis 92 on
                 visualization of scalar and vector fields. This one
                 talks about a method of extracting useful topology from
                 the field and then focusing the visualization to those
                 areas with icons to show the action.",
}

@TechReport{RSM:Glo92,
  author =       "A. Globus and E. Raible",
  title =        "13 ways to say nothing with scientific visualization",
  institution =  "Ames Research Center",
  year =         "1992",
  address =      "Moffett Field, California",
  month =        feb,
  robnote =      "A cute paper about lying with graphics that was
                 presented at Vis92. humour",
}

@InProceedings{RSM:Goa2010,
  author = 	 "Y. Goa and B. B. Gholamiand R.S. MacLeod and J. Blauer and
                 W.M. Haddad and A.R. Tannenbaum",
  title = 	 "Segmentation of the Endocardial Wall of the Left Atrium Using
                  Local Region-Based Active Contours and Statistical Shape
                  Learning",
  booktitle = "SPIE Medical Imaging Conference: Image Processing",
  year = 	 2010,
  editor = 	 "B.M. Dawant and D.R. Haynor",
  volume = 	 7623,
  organization = "SPIE",
  Robnote = 	 "Segmentation paper with Tannebaum group.
                  Atrial fibrillation,
                  a cardiac arrhythmia characterized by unsynchronized
                  electrical activity in the atrial chambers of the
                  heart, is a
                  rapidly growing problem in modern societies. One treatment,
                  referred to as catheter ablation, targets specific parts of
                  the left atrium for radio frequency ablation using an
                  intracardiac catheter. Magnetic resonance imaging has been
                  used for both pre- and and post-ablation assessment of the
                  atrial wall. Magnetic resonance imaging can aid in selecting
                  the right candidate for the ablation procedure and assessing
                  post-ablation scar formations. Image processing techniques
                  can be used for automatic segmentation of the atrial wall,
                  which facilitates an accurate statistical assessment of the
                  region. As a first step towards the general solution to the
                  computer-assisted segmentation of the left atrial wall, in
                  this paper we use shape learning and shape-based image
                  segmentation to identify the endocardial wall of the left
                  atrium in the delayed-enhancement magnetic resonance images.
                  "
}

@Article{RSM:Gol2000,
  author =       "A.L. Goldberger and L.A.N. Amaral and L. Glass and
                 J.M. Hausdorff and P.C. Ivanov and R.G. Mark and J.E.
                 Mietus and G.B. Moody and C.K. Peng and H.E. Stanley",
  title =        "PhysioBank, PhysioToolkit, and PhysioNet : Components
                 of a New Research Resource for Complex Physiologic
                 Signals",
  journal =      j-C,
  year =         "2000",
  volume =       "101",
  pages =        "e215--e220",
  robnote =      "the NCRR center that Ary has set up to look at
                 complexity in biological signals. Contains a database
                 of ECGs",
  bibdate =      "Tue Oct 31 08:52:04 2000",
}

@Book{RSM:Gol86,
  author =       "A.L. Goldberger and E. Goldberger",
  title =        "Clinical Electrocardiography",
  editor =       "",
  publisher =    "C.V. Mosby",
  year =         "1986",
  robnote =      "A basic book on electrocardiography for docs. thesis,
                 ECG090",
}

@Article{RSM:Gol86a,
  author =       "S.W. Golomb",
  title =        "Optical Disk Error Correction",
  journal =      j-BYTE,
  year =         "1986",
  month =        may,
  pages =        "203--210",
  robnote =      "A look at Hamming and Reed-Solomon codes. CD-ROM
                 storage systems and their error correction schemes are
                 examined. Instruction., CompHard053",
}

@Article{RSM:Gol92,
  author =       "D. Goldberg",
  title =        "What every computer scientist should know about
                 floating-point arithmetic",
  journal =      j-ACM-SUR,
  year =         "1992",
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "6--48",
  robnote =      "A pretty detailed look at how floating point math is
                 done, this paper seeks to inform the users and
                 designers of computer systems as to what is involved.
                 review",
}

@Article{RSM:Goo2015,
  author =       "B.D. Goodwin and C.R. Butson",
  title =        "Subject-Specific Multiscale Modeling to Investigate
                 Effects of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation.",
  journal =      "Neuromodulation",
  year =         "2015",
  month =        "Dec",
  volume =       "18",
  number =       "8",
  pages =        "694--704",
  robnote =      "OBJECTIVE: Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is an
                 effective intervention in noninvasive neuromodulation used
                 to treat a number of neurophysiological disorders.
                 Predicting the spatial extent to which neural tissue is
                 affected by TMS remains a challenge. The goal of this
                 study was to develop a computational model to predict
                 specific locations of neural tissue that are activated
                 during TMS. Using this approach, we assessed the effects
                 of changing TMS coil orientation and waveform. MATERIALS
                 AND METHODS: We integrated novel techniques to develop a
                 subject-specific computational model, which contains three
                 main components: 1) a figure-8 coil (Magstim, Magstim
                 Company Limited, Carmarthenshire, UK); 2) an
                 electromagnetic, time-dependent, nonhomogeneous, finite
                 element model of the whole head; and 3) an adaptation of a
                 previously published pyramidal cell neuron model. We then
                 used our modeling approach to quantify the spatial extent
                 of affected neural tissue for changes in TMS coil rotation
                 and waveform. RESULTS: We found that our model shows more
                 detailed predictions than previously published models,
                 which underestimate the spatial extent of neural
                 activation. Our results suggest that fortuitous sites of
                 neural activation occur for all tested coil orientations.
                 Additionally, our model predictions show that excitability
                 of individual neural elements changes with a coil rotation
                 of +/-15 degrees . CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that
                 the extent of neuromodulation is more widespread than
                 previous published models suggest. Additionally, both
                 specific locations in cortex and the extent of stimulation
                 in cortex depend on coil orientation to within +/-15
                 degrees at a minimum. Lastly, through computational means,
                 we are able to provide insight into the effects of TMS at
                 a cellular level, which is currently unachievable by
                 imaging modalities.",
  bibdate =      "Sun Feb 24 21:53:57 2019",
}

@InProceedings{RSM:Goo2016,
  author = 	 "W.W. Good and B. Erem and J. Coll-Font and D.H. Brooks and
                  R.S. MacLeod.",
  title = 	 "Novel Biomarker for Evaluating Ischemic Stress Using an
                  Electrogram Derived Phase Space.",
  booktitle =     c-CinC,
  year = 	 2016,
  volume = 	 43,
  pages = 	 "1--4"}

@Article{RSM:Goo2017,
  author =       "W.W. Good and B. Erem and J. Coll-Font and D.H. Brooks
                 and R.S. MacLeod",
  title =        "Detecting Ischemic Stress to the Myocardium Using
                 Laplacian Eigenmaps and Changes to Conduction Velocity.",
  journal =      c-CinC,
  year =         "2017",
  month =        "Sep",
  volume =       "44",
  pages =        "1304",
  robnote =      "The underlying pathophysiology of ischemia and its
                 electrocardiographic consequences are poorly understood,
                 resulting in unreliable diagnosis of this disease. This
                 limited knowledge of underlying mechanisms suggests a data
                 driven approach, which seeks to identify patterns in the
                 ECG that can be linked statistically to underlying
                 behavior and conditions of ischemic stress. The gold
                 standard ECG metrics for evaluating ischemia monitor
                 vertical deflections within the ST segment. However,
                 ischemia influences all portions of the electrogram.
                 Another metric that targets the QRS complex during
                 ischemia is Conduction Velocity (CV). An even more
                 inclusive, data driven approach is known as Laplacian
                 Eigenmaps (LE), which can identify trajectories, or
                 manifolds, that respond to different spatiotemporal
                 consequences of ischemic stress, and these changes to the
                 trajectories on the manifold may serve as a clinically
                 relevant biomarker. On this study, we compared the LE- and
                 CV-based markers against two gold standards for detecting
                 ischemic stress, both derived from the ST segment. We
                 evaluated the response time and fidelity of each biomarker
                 using a Time to Threshold (TTT) and Contrast Ratio (CR)
                 measure, over 51 episodes recorded as cardiac electrograms
                 from a canine model of controlled ischemia. The results
                 show that metrics designed to monitor regions beyond the
                 ST segment can perform at least as well, if not better,
                 than traditional ST segment based metrics.",
  bibdate =      "Sat Sep 21 16:16:20 2019",
  pmcid =        "PMC6007991",
}

@Article{RSM:Goo2018,
  author = 	 "W.W. Good and B. Erem and B. Zenger and J. Coll-Font and
                  H.D. Brooks and R.S. MacLeod.",
  title = 	 "Temporal Performance of Laplacian Eigenmaps and {3D} Conduction
                  Velocity in Detecting Ischemic Stress.",
  journal = 	 j-JE,
  year = 	 2018,
  volume = 	 51,
  number = 	 "6S",
  pages = 	 "116--120",
  pmcid =        6263792}

@Article{RSM:Goo2018a,
  author =       "W.W. Good and B. Erem and J. Coll-Font and B. Zenger and
                 B.M. Horacek and D.H. Brooks and R.S. MacLeod",
  title =        "Novel Metric Using Laplacian Eigenmaps to Evaluate
                 Ischemic Stress on the Torso Surface.",
  journal =      c-CinC,
  year =         "2018",
  month =        "Sep",
  volume =       "45",
  pages =        "1--4",
  robnote =      "The underlying pathophysiology of myocardial ischemia is
                 incompletely understood, resulting in persistent
                 difficulty of diagnosis. This limited understanding of
                 underlying mechanisms encourages a data driven approach,
                 which seeks to identify patterns in the ECG data that can
                 be linked statistically to disease states. Laplacian
                 Eigen-maps (LE) is a dimensionality reduction method
                 popularized in machine learning that we have shown in
                 large animal experiments to identify underlying ischemic
                 stress both earlier in an ischemic episode, and more
                 robustly, than typical clinical markers. We have now
                 extended this approach to body surface potential mapping
                 (BSPM) recordings acquired during acute, transient
                 ischemia episodes from animal and human PTCA studies. Our
                 previous studies, suggest that the LE approach is
                 sensitive to the spatiotemporal electrocardiographic
                 consequences of ischemia-induced stress within the heart
                 and on the epicardial surface. In this study, we expand
                 this technique to the body surface of animals and humans.
                 Across 10 episodes of induced ischemia in animals and 200
                 human recordings during PTCA, the LE algorithm was able to
                 detect ischemic events from BSPM as changes in the
                 morphology of the resulting trajectories while maintaining
                 the superior temporal performance the LE-metric has shown
                 previously.",
  bibdate =      "Sat Sep 21 16:16:20 2019",
  pmcid =        "PMC6648695",
}

@Article{RSM:Gop90,
  author =       "G.D. Gopen and J.A. Swan",
  title =        "The science of scientific writing",
  journal =      "Amer. Scient.",
  year =         "1990",
  volume =       "78",
  pages =        "550--558",
  robnote =      "A great article about scientific writing, a must for
                 students and researchers alike. The emphasis is on the
                 structure of the text you write, the order in which
                 ideas are presented. The motivation is clarity and an
                 ordered presentation of ideas.",
}

@Article{RSM:Gor93,
  author =       "A.P.M. Gorgels and M.A. Vos and R. Mulleneers and C.
                 de Zwaan and F.W.H.M. B{\"a}r and H.J.J. Wellens",
  title =        "Value of the electrocardiogram in diagnosing the
                 number of severely narrowed coronary arteries in rest
                 angina pectoris",
  journal =      j-AJC,
  year =         "1993",
  volume =       "72",
  pages =        "999--1003",
  robnote =      "Correlation study between number of vessels with CAD
                 and ST-segment changes. Found fairly good predictive
                 power, but the set of rules for sorting things out is
                 fairly unwieldy, or so it seems to me -- A map would be
                 so much simpler. ischemia, infarct, coronary artery
                 disease, ECG.",
}

@Article{RSM:Gor99,
  author =       "C.C. Gornick and S.W. Adler and B. Pederson and J.
                 Hauck and J. Budd and J. Schweitzer",
  title =        "Validation of a new noncontact catheter system for
                 electroanatomic mapping of left ventricular
                 endocardium.",
  journal =      j-C,
  year =         "1999",
  month =        feb,
  volume =       "99",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "829--835",
  robnote =      "A 9F 64-electrode balloon array catheter with an
                 inflated size of 1.8x4.6 cm was used to simultaneously
                 record electrical potentials generated by the heart and
                 locate a standard electrophysiology (EP) catheter
                 within the same chamber. By use of the recorded
                 location of the EP-catheter tip, LV geometry was
                 determined. Three methods of validation were used: (1)
                 driven electrodes in an in vitro tank were located; (2)
                 waveforms generated from the array catheter were
                 compared with catheter contact waveforms in canine LV;
                 and (3) sites of local LV endocardial activation were
                 located and marked with radiofrequency lesions. Tank
                 testing located a driven electrode to within
                 2.33+/-0.44 mm. Correlation of timing and morphology of
                 computed versus contact electrograms was 0.966.
                 Radiofrequency lesions marked 17 endocardial pacing
                 sites to within 4.0+/-3.2 mm.",
  bibdate =      "Sun Mar 12 13:30:51 2006",
}

@Misc{RSM:Gou2014,
  author = 	 "J. Gould",
  title = 	 "How important is it to have a mentor in your academic
                  career?",
  howpublished = "NatureJobs (blogs.nature.com/naturejobs)",
  month = 	 "November 06",
  year = 	 2014,
  note = 	 "mentorship"}

@Article{RSM:Gra2018,
  author =       "R.A. Gray and P. Pathmanathan",
  title =        "Patient-Specific Cardiovascular Computational Modeling:
                 Diversity of Personalization and Challenges.",
  journal =      "J Cardiovasc Transl Res",
  year =         "2018",
  month =        "Apr",
  volume =       "11",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "80--88",
  robnote =      "UQ: Patient-specific computer models have been developed
                 representing a variety of aspects of the cardiovascular
                 system spanning the disciplines of electrophysiology,
                 electromechanics, solid mechanics, and fluid dynamics.
                 These physiological mechanistic models predict macroscopic
                 phenomena such as electrical impulse propagation and
                 contraction throughout the entire heart as well as flow
                 and pressure dynamics occurring in the ventricular
                 chambers, aorta, and coronary arteries during each
                 heartbeat. Such models have been used to study a variety
                 of clinical scenarios including aortic aneurysms, coronary
                 stenosis, cardiac valvular disease, left ventricular
                 assist devices, cardiac resynchronization therapy,
                 ablation therapy, and risk stratification. After decades
                 of research, these models are beginning to be incorporated
                 into clinical practice directly via marketed devices and
                 indirectly by improving our understanding of the
                 underlying mechanisms of health and disease within a
                 clinical context.",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jul 27 09:37:34 2019",
  pmcid =        "PMC5908828",
}

@Article{RSM:Gra67,
  author =       "J. Grayzel and F. Lizzi",
  title =        "The combined influence of inhomogeneities and dipole
                 location",
  journal =      j-AHJ,
  year =         "1967",
  volume =       "74",
  pages =        "503--512",
  robnote =      "Describes 2D models of the torso using conductive
                 paper. tank, forward solution, inhomogeneities. Nice
                 use of lead field to explain the effect of conductivity
                 and dipole location on electrocardiographic fields. The
                 results suggest that the lead field varies more with
                 inhomogeneities. inverse problems",
}

@Article{RSM:Gra69,
  author =       "J. Grayzel and F. Lizzi",
  title =        "The performance of {VCG} leads in homogenous and
                 heterogenous torsos",
  journal =      j-JE,
  year =         "1969",
  volume =       "2",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "17--26",
  robnote =      "A follow up of the Gra67 article to examine some
                 specific lead systems based on the same 2D torso
                 models",
  bibdate =      "Thu Oct 21 23:57:05 1999",
}

@Article{RSM:Gra87,
  author =       "P. Grande and N.B. Hindman and K. Saunamaki and J.D.
                 Prather and T. Hinohara and G.S. Wagner",
  title =        "A Comprehensive Estimation of Acute Myocardial Infarct
                 Size Using Enzymatic, Electrocardiographic and
                 Mechanical Methods",
  journal =      j-AJC,
  year =         "1987",
  volume =       "5",
  pages =        "1239--1244",
  robnote =      "The authors propose here a combination scheme of 4
                 methods to evaluate infarct size in acute myocardial
                 infarct (AMI). It combines the enzymes,
                 electrocardiograph, ECG, and echocardiograph to put
                 together a total score representing ischemic area. Only
                 size though and no localization attempted.,
                 Ischemia046",
}

@InProceedings{RSM:Gra93,
  author =       "B. Gramatikov and N. Thakor",
  title =        "Wavelet analysis of coronary artery occlusion related
                 changes in {ECG}",
  booktitle =    c-EMBS93,
  year =         "1993",
  pages =        "731--732",
  publisher =    "IEEE Press",
  robnote =      "A very simple approach to applying wavelets transform
                 to lead II and V1 in a dog model of acute ischemia.
                 Results suggest a change in time frequency spectrum
                 during the QRS but paper is too short to tell more.",
}

@Article{RSM:Gra95,
  author =       "A.A. Grace and K.R. Chien",
  title =        "Congenital long {QT} syndromes: {T}oward molecular
                 dissection of arrhythmia substrate",
  journal =      j-C,
  year =         "1995",
  volume =       "92",
  pages =        "2786--2789",
  robnote =      "an editorial referring to RSM:Mos95, SCOR",
  bibdate =      "Sat Mar 25 13:05:15 2000",
}

@Article{RSM:Gra97,
  author =       "R. Grave de Peralta Menendez and S.L. Gonzalez Andino
                 and O. Hauk and L. Spinelli and C.M. Michel",
  title =        "A linear inverse solution with optimal resolution
                 properties: {WROP}",
  journal =      j-BMT,
  year =         "1997",
  volume =       "42",
  number =       "Supp",
  pages =        "??",
  robnote =      "An interesting approach that formulates the inverse
                 problem in terms of a resolution matrix that links real
                 to estimated solutions. The goal is find a resolution
                 matrix as close as possible to I and the goal then
                 becomes to minimize the differnce. The resulting
                 formulation can be set up for minimum norm, weighted
                 minimim norm and then weighted minimum norm with
                 weights adjusted for each node.",
  bibdate =      "Thu Aug 20 20:26:54 1998",
}

@InCollection{RSM:Grb86,
  author =       "M. Grbic and U. Sigwart",
  title =        "Left Ventricular Filling During Acute Ischemia",
  booktitle =    "Coronary Angioplasty: {A} Controlled Model for
                 Ischemia",
  editor =       "P.W. Serruys and G.T. Meester",
  publisher =    "Martinus Nijhoff Publishers",
  address =      "Dordrecht/Boston/Lancaster",
  year =         "1986",
  pages =        "141--148",
  robnote =      "thesis, PTCA055",
}

@Article{RSM:Gre2000,
  author =       "F. Greensite and G. Huiskamp",
  title =        "Temporally unconstrained space-time treatment of
                 linear formulations of the inverse problem of
                 electroencephalography",
  journal =      j-ABE,
  year =         "2000",
  volume =       "28",
  pages =        "1253--1268",
  robnote =      "another strong Greensite/Huiskamp collaboration, this
                 time in the inverse EEG problem",
  bibdate =      "Tue May 01 16:01:07 2001",
}

@Article{RSM:Gre85,
  author =       "L.S. Green and R.L. Lux and C.W. Haws and R.R.
                 Williams and S.C. Hunt and M.J. Burgess",
  title =        "Effects of age, sex, and body habitus on {QRS} and
                 {ST-T} potential maps of 1100 normal subjects",
  journal =      j-C,
  year =         "1985",
  volume =       "71",
  month =        "",
  pages =        "244--253",
  robnote =      "BSPM, mapping",
}

@Article{RSM:Gre87,
  author =       "L.S. Green and R.L. Lux and C.W. Haws",
  title =        "Detection and Localization of Coronary Artery Disease
                 with Body Surface Mapping in Patients with Normal
                 Electrocardiograms",
  journal =      j-C,
  year =         "1987",
  volume =       "76",
  pages =        "1290--1297",
  robnote =      "A Salt Lake City paper about detecting ischemia via
                 surface maps. CAD, thesis, KL BSPM070",
}

@Article{RSM:Gre87b,
  author =       "L.S. Green and R.L. Lux and D. Stilli and C.W. Haws
                 and B. Taccardi",
  title =        "Fine Detail in Body Surface Potential Maps: {A}ccuracy
                 of Maps Using a Limited Lead Array and Spatial and
                 Temporal Data Representation",
  journal =      j-JE,
  year =         "1987",
  volume =       "20",
  pages =        "21--28",
  robnote =      "A continuation of the work by Bob Lux on data
                 compression in mapping, this one by Larry Green.,
                 BSPM101",
}

@Article{RSM:Gre88,
  author =       "P.V. Greenwood",
  title =        "Exercising Cardiac Patients: Why, Who, When and How",
  journal =      "Cardiology",
  year =         "1988",
  month =        oct,
  pages =        "43--51",
  robnote =      "A clinical report on exercise of cardiac patients.,
                 Cardiol011",
}

@Article{RSM:Gre90,
  author =       "M.S. Green",
  title =        "Electrocardiography",
  journal =      "Medicine North America",
  year =         "1990",
  month =        feb,
  pages =        "348--351",
  robnote =      ", ECG087",
}

@Article{RSM:Gre91,
  author =       "L.S. Green and B. Taccardi and P.R. Ershler and R.L.
                 Lux",
  title =        "Epicardial potential mapping: {E}ffects of conducting
                 media on isopotential and isochrone distributions",
  journal =      j-C,
  year =         "1991",
  volume =       "84",
  pages =        "2513--2521",
  robnote =      "An interesting paper on the effects of putting the
                 heart in a conducting medium on potential and isochrone
                 distributions. There is a nice bit of argumentation
                 regarding inverse solutions, suggesting that epicardial
                 maps recorded during open chest are only really
                 suitable when yuo have en isochrone inverse, or when
                 you are looking at specific features of the maps, like
                 early breakthrough. The potetential values are too
                 varied to be used blindly for comparison, as we saw
                 when we did the forward solutions.",
}

@InProceedings{RSM:Gre93,
  author =       "F. Greensite and Y.J. Qian and E. Alzarka and F.
                 Jaffer",
  title =        "Deconvolution without regularization in inverse
                 electrocardiography",
  pages =        "769--770",
  booktitle =    c-EMBS93,
  year =         "1993",
  publisher =    pub-IEEE,
  robnote =      "Fred Greensite's paper on his form of inverse solution
                 based on discrete events in time.",
}

@Article{RSM:Gre93b,
  author =       "F. Greensite",
  title =        "Demonstration of ``discontinuities'' in the true
                 derivative of body surface potential, and their
                 prospective role in noninvasive imaging of the
                 ventricular surface activation map",
  journal =      j-BME,
  year =         "1993",
  volume =       "40",
  number =       "12",
  pages =        "1210--1218",
  robnote =      "The full paper from the EMBS proceedings article
                 above.",
}

@Article{RSM:Gre94,
  author =       "L.S. Green and R.L. Lux and P.R. Ershler and R.A.
                 Freedman and F.I. Marcus and K. Gear",
  title =        "Resolution of pace mapping stimulus site separation
                 using body surface potentials",
  journal =      j-C,
  year =         "1994",
  volume =       "90",
  pages =        "462--468",
  robnote =      "Larry and Bob's paper in which they pace from
                 catheters located as close as 4~mm and show that the
                 QRS complexes were statistically different. Analysis
                 was done on the basis of RMS signals made from all
                 electrodes, and instant differences, as well as average
                 RMS values.",
}

@Article{RSM:Gre94b,
  author =       "F. Geensite",
  title =        "The mathematical basis for imaging cardiac electrical
                 functions",
  journal =      j-CRBME,
  year =         "1994",
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "5/6",
  pages =        "347--399",
  robnote =      "nice and quite rigorous review of inverse problems in
                 a consistant mathematical framework",
  bibdate =      "Tue Mar 18 11:27:07 1997",
}

@Article{RSM:Gre94c,
  author =       "F. Greensite",
  title =        "The mathematical basis for imaging cardiac electrical
                 function",
  journal =      j-CRC,
  year =         "1994",
  volume =       "22",
  pages =        "347--399",
}

@InProceedings{RSM:Gre94d,
  author =       "F. Greensite and Y.J. Qian and G. Huiskamp",
  title =        "Computation of Solution Generators in Myocardial
                 Activation Imaging",
  pages =        "614--615",
  booktitle =    c-EMBS94,
  year =         "1994",
  publisher =    "IEEE Press",
  bibdate =      "Mon Aug 04 16:21:52 1997",
}

@Article{RSM:Gre94e,
  author =       "F. Greensite",
  title =        "Well-{P}osed Formulation of the Inverse Problem of
                 Electrocardiography",
  journal =      j-ABE,
  year =         "1994",
  volume =       "22",
  pages =        "172--183",
}

@InProceedings{RSM:Gre95,
  author =       "F. Greensite and Y.J. Qian and G. Huiskamp",
  title =        "Myocardial Activation Imaging: {A} new theorem and its
                 implications",
  booktitle =    c-EMBS95,
  year =         "1995",
  pages =        "205--206",
}

@Article{RSM:Gre95b,
  author =       "L.S. Green and J.A Abildskov",
  title =        "Clinical applications of body surface potential
                 mapping",
  journal =      j-CC,
  year =         "1995",
  volume =       "18",
  pages =        "245--249",
  robnote =      "paper from Larry on BSPM",
  bibdate =      "Tue Sep 26 22:58:07 2000",
}

@InProceedings{RSM:Gre96,
  author =       "F. Greensite",
  title =        "Two mechanisms for electrocardiographic
                 deconvolution",
  booktitle =    c-EMBS96,
  year =         "1996",
  robnote =      "Fred's first pub on his new way of including temporal
                 information in potential-based reconstructions",
}

@Article{RSM:Gre97,
  author =       "L.S. Green and M.P. Fuller and R.L. Lux",
  title =        "Three-dimensional distribution of {ST}-{T} wave
                 alternans during acute ischemia.",
  journal =      "J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol",
  year =         "1997",
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "12",
  pages =        "1413--1419",
  robnote =      "INTRODUCTION: A canine model of reversible ischemia
                 was used to measure the magnitude and transmural
                 distribution of repolarization alternans. METHODS AND
                 RESULTS: Twenty-four multielectrode needles were
                 inserted into a reversibly ischemic region created by 8
                 minutes of coronary occlusion. region of reversible
                 ischemia. CONCLUSION: During acute ischemia, the
                 magnitude and distribution of repolarization alternans
                 are greater and differ in hearts that experience
                 ventricular fibrillation. This observation may have
                 clinical utility in arrhythmia prediction. It also is
                 consistent with the possibility there may be multiple
                 mechanisms for repolarization alternans.",
}

@Article{RSM:Gre98,
  author =       "F. Greensite and G. Huiskamp",
  title =        "An improved method for estimating epicardial
                 potentials from the body surface",
  journal =      j-BME,
  year =         "1998",
  volume =       "45",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "98--104",
  robnote =      "a new regularization approach using singular values of
                 the forward matrix",
  bibdate =      "Tue Mar 18 11:38:09 1997",
}

@Article{RSM:Gri85,
  author =       "A. Grinvald",
  title =        "Real-Time Optical Mapping of Neuronal Activity: From
                 Single Growth Cones to the Intact Mammalian Brain",
  journal =      "Ann. Rev. Neurosci.",
  year =         "1985",
  volume =       "8",
  pages =        "263--305",
  robnote =      "Good reveiw of the optical methods for electrical
                 activity, action potentials, fluorescence mapping.,
                 CellPhysiol037",
}

@Article{RSM:Gri87,
  author =       "B. Griffin and A.D. Timmis and J.C.P. Crick and E.
                 Sowton",
  title =        "The Evolution of Myocardial Ischemia During
                 Percutaneous Translumincal Coronary Angioplasty",
  journal =      j-EHJ,
  year =         "1987",
  volume =       "8",
  pages =        "347--353",
  robnote =      "This paper looks at the changes occurring in both the
                 ECG and echocardiograms during the development of PTCA
                 thesis., PTCA007",
}

@Book{RSM:Gro84,
  author =       "C.W. Groetsch",
  title =        "The Theory of Tikhonov Regularization for Fredholm
                 Equations of the First Kind",
  publisher =    "Pitman",
  year =         "1984",
  address =      "Boston",
  robnote =      "A book I do not have, from Dana and Ghandi comes the
                 ref",
}

@Article{RSM:Gro87,
  author =       "P. Grottum",
  title =        "Monitoring of Infarct Size and Infarct Evolution by
                 Serial Analysis of {QRS} Vector Differences",
  journal =      j-JE,
  year =         "1987",
  volume =       "Suppl",
  pages =        "81--83",
  robnote =      "A look at the development of the Q-wave as an
                 indicator of ischemia and infarct size., Ischemia095",
}

@InProceedings{RSM:Gro92,
  author =       "H.R. Grogin and M.L. Stanley and S. Eisenberg and B.M.
                 Hor\'{a}\v{c}ek and M.D. Lesh",
  title =        "Body Surface Mapping for Localization of Accessory
                 Pathways in {WPW} Syndrome.",
  pages =        "255",
  booktitle =    c-CinC,
  year =         "1992",
  publisher =    pub-IEEE,
  robnote =      "Some work in which Milan and Mike Lesh join forces to
                 detect WPW site using Milan's cellular automata model
                 and a forward solution to simulate different reenetry
                 sites and then compare them with maps (BSPM) recorded
                 in the EP lab",
}

@Article{RSM:Gru74,
  author =       "A.R. Gr{\"u}ntzig and H. Hopff",
  title =        "Perkutane {R}ekanalization chronisher arterieler
                 {V}erschlusse mit einem neuen {D}ilitationskatheter:
                 {M}odifikation der {D}otter-{P}rinzip",
  journal =      "Dtsch. Med. Wochenschr.",
  year =         "1974",
  volume =       "99",
  pages =        "2502--2510",
  robnote =      "Another one I don't have but describes the PTCA
                 procedure. thesis, PTCA035",
}

@Article{RSM:Gru76,
  author =       "A.R. Gr{\"u}ntzig and M.I. Turina and J.A. Schneider",
  title =        "Experimental Percutaneous Dilitation of Coronary
                 Artery Stenosis",
  journal =      j-C,
  year =         "1976",
  volume =       "54",
  pages =        "II-81",
  robnote =      "Another one I don't have. thesis, PTCA037",
}

@Article{RSM:Gru76b,
  author =       "A.R. Gr{\"u}ntzig",
  title =        "Die perkutane {R}ekanalization chronisher arterieler
                 {V}erschlusse ({D}otter-{P}rinzip) mit einem
                 doppellumigen {D}ilitationskatheter",
  journal =      "Fortschr. Roentgenstr.",
  year =         "1976",
  volume =       "124",
  pages =        "80",
  robnote =      "Another one I don't have but describes the PTCA
                 procedure. thesis, PTCA036",
}

@Article{RSM:Gru77,
  author =       "A.R. Gr{\"u}ntzig and R.K. Myler and E.S. Hanna",
  title =        "Coronary Transluminal Angioplasty",
  journal =      j-C,
  year =         "1977",
  volume =       "56",
  pages =        "III84",
  robnote =      "Another one I don't have. thesis, PTCA038",
}

@Article{RSM:Gru78,
  author =       "A.R. Gr{\"u}ntzig",
  title =        "Transluminal Dilitation of Coronary Artery Stenosis",
  journal =      "Lancet",
  year =         "1978",
  volume =       "1",
  pages =        "263",
  robnote =      "Another one I know by reference only. thesis,
                 PTCA041",
}

@InCollection{RSM:Gru78b,
  author =       "A.R. Gr{\"u}ntzig",
  title =        "Percutaneous Transluminal Recanalization {(PTR)} with
                 the Double Lumen Dilitation Catheter",
  booktitle =    "Percutaneous Vascular Recanalization",
  editor =       "A. Gr{\"u}ntzig and W. Schoop",
  publisher =    "Springer-Verlag",
  address =      "Berlin",
  year =         "1978",
  pages =        "17--23",
  robnote =      "A PTCA reference I don't have but I think Martin does.
                 thesis, PTCA039",
}

@InCollection{RSM:Gru78c,
  author =       "A.R. Gr{\"u}ntzig",
  title =        "Transluminal Dilitation of Coronary Artery
                 Stenosis---Experimental Report",
  booktitle =    "Percutaneous Vascular Recanalization",
  editor =       "A. {u}ntzig and W. Schoop",
  publisher =    "Springer-Verlag",
  address =      "Berlin",
  year =         "1978",
  pages =        "57--65",
  robnote =      "A PTCA reference I don't have but I think Martin does.
                 thesis, PTCA040",
}

@Article{RSM:Gru79,
  author =       "A.R. Gr{\"u}ntzig and A. Senning and W.E.
                 Siegenthaler",
  title =        "Nonoperative Dilatation of Coronary Artery Stenosis",
  journal =      j-NEJM,
  year =         "1979",
  volume =       "301",
  pages =        "61--68",
  robnote =      "The original English article from Gruentzig describing
                 PTCA. Good diagram of principle involved, I used it in
                 Gradsem2. Nice article and one you must have looked at.
                 thesis, Ischemia047",
}

@Article{RSM:Guc95,
  author =       "J. M. Guccione and K. D. Costa and A. D. McCulloch",
  title =        "Finite element stress analysis of left ventricular
                 mechanics in the beating dog heart",
  journal =      "J. Biomechanics",
  year =         "1995",
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "10",
  pages =        "1167--1177",
}

@InProceedings{RSM:Gui2004,
  author =       "J.E. Guilkey and Y. Zhang and J.B. Hoying and J.A.
                 Weiss",
  title =        "Mechanical Simulation of multicellular structures with
                 the Material Point Method",
  booktitle =    "Proceedings of the Xth International Symposium on
                 Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical
                 Engineering",
  year =         "2004",
  robnote =      "NCBC publication. Jeff received Taylor and Francis
                 Prize for Outstanding Innovation in Biomechanics and
                 Biomedical Engineering for this paper",
  bibdate =      "Tue Apr 27 12:51:20 2004",
}

@InProceedings{RSM:Gul2013,
  author = 	 "S. Guler and M. Dannhauer and B. Erem and R.S. MacLeod and
                  D. Tucker and S. Turovets and P. Luu and W. Meleis and
                  D. Erdogmus and D.H. Brooks",
  title = 	 "Dense Array Electrode Current Optimization for Targeting and
                  Directionality of {tDCS}",
  booktitle =    "Proc. Organization for Human Brain Mapping",
  year = 	 2013,
  month = 	 "June",
  Robnote = 	 "Seyhmus paper at human brain mapping"
}

@InProceedings{RSM:Gul2014,
  author =       "S. Guler and M. Dannhauer and B. Erem and R. MacLeod
                 and D. Tucker and S. Turovets and P. Luu and W. Meleis
                 and D. Erdogmus and D. Brooks",
  title =        "Approximating fully optimized dense array {tDCS} with
                 a single current source",
  booktitle =    "Proceedings of the Organization for Human Brain
                 Mapping",
  year =         "2014",
  oldkey =       "Guler:OHBM:2014",
}

@InProceedings{RSM:Gul2014a,
  author =       "S. Guler and M. Dannhauer and B. Erem and R. MacLeod
                 and D. Tucker and S. Turovets and P. Luu and D.
                 Erdogmus and D.H. Brooks",
  title =        "The effect of anisotropic inhomogeneous conductivity
                 modeling into focality and directionality in
                 {HD-tDCS}",
  booktitle =    "Proceedings of the Organization for Human Brain
                 Mapping",
  year =         "2014",
  oldkey =       "Guler:OHBM:2014-2",
}

@InProceedings{RSM:Gul2015a,
  author =      "S. Guler and M. Dannhauer and B. Erem and R.S. Macleod and
                  D. Tucker and S. Turovets and P. Luu and D. Erdogmus and
                  D.H. Brooks ",
  title = 	 "Approximation of Fully Optimized {HD-tDCS} Stimulus Patterns
                  with Fewer Current Sources Using Branch and Bound Algorithm",
  booktitle =    "NYC Neuromodulation Conference 2015",
  year =         "2015",
  }

@Article{RSM:Gul2016,
  author =       "S. Guler and M. Dannhauer and B. Erem and R. Macleod and
                 D. Tucker and S. Turovets and P. Luu and D. Erdogmus and
                 D.H. Brooks",
  title =        "Optimization of focality and direction in dense electrode
                 array transcranial direct current stimulation {(tDCS)}.",
  journal =      "J Neural Eng",
  year =         "2016",
  month =        "May",
  volume =       "13",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "(Epub)",
  robnote =      "OBJECTIVE: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS)
                 aims to alter brain function non-invasively via electrodes
                 placed on the scalp. Conventional tDCS uses two relatively
                 large patch electrodes to deliver electrical current to
                 the brain region of interest (ROI). Recent studies have
                 shown that using dense arrays containing up to 512 smaller
                 electrodes may increase the precision of targeting ROIs.
                 However, this creates a need for methods to determine
                 effective and safe stimulus patterns as the number of
                 degrees of freedom is much higher with such arrays.
                 Several approaches to this problem have appeared in the
                 literature. In this paper, we describe a new method for
                 calculating optimal electrode stimulus patterns for
                 targeted and directional modulation in dense array tDCS
                 which differs in some important aspects with methods
                 reported to date. APPROACH: We optimize stimulus pattern
                 of dense arrays with fixed electrode placement to maximize
                 the current density in a particular direction in the ROI.
                 We impose a flexible set of safety constraints on the
                 current power in the brain, individual electrode currents,
                 and total injected current, to protect subject safety. The
                 proposed optimization problem is convex and thus
                 efficiently solved using existing optimization software to
                 find unique and globally optimal electrode stimulus
                 patterns. MAIN RESULTS: Solutions for four anatomical ROIs
                 based on a realistic head model are shown as exemplary
                 results. To illustrate the differences between our
                 approach and previously introduced methods, we compare our
                 method with two of the other leading methods in the
                 literature. We also report on extensive simulations that
                 show the effect of the values chosen for each proposed
                 safety constraint bound on the optimized stimulus
                 patterns. SIGNIFICANCE: The proposed optimization approach
                 employs volume based ROIs, easily adapts to different sets
                 of safety constraints, and takes negligible time to
                 compute. An in-depth comparison study gives insight into
                 the relationship between different objective criteria and
                 optimized stimulus patterns. In addition, the analysis of
                 the interaction between optimized stimulus patterns and
                 safety constraint bounds suggests that more precise
                 current localization in the ROI, with improved safety
                 criterion, may be achieved by careful selection of the
                 constraint bounds.",
  bibdate =      "Mon May 9 15:57:26 2016",
  pmcid =        "5198846"
}

@Article{RSM:Gul2016a,
  author =       "S. Guler and M. Dannhauer and B. Erem and R. Macleod and
                 D. Tucker and S. Turovets and P. Luu and W. Meleis and
                 D.H. Brooks",
  title =        "Optimizing Stimulus Patterns for Dense Array tDCS With
                 Fewer Sources Than Electrodes Using A branch and Bound
                 Algorithm.",
  journal =      "Proc IEEE Int Symp Biomed Imaging",
  year =         "2016",
  month =        "Apr",
  volume =       "2016",
  pages =        "229--232",
  robnote =      "Dense array transcranial direct current stimulation
                 (tDCS) has become of increasing interest as a noninvasive
                 modality to modulate brain function. To target a
                 particular brain region of interest (ROI), using a dense
                 electrode array placed on the scalp, the current injection
                 pattern can be appropriately optimized. Previous
                 optimization methods have assumed availability of
                 individually controlled current sources for each
                 non-reference electrode. This may be costly and
                 impractical in a clinical setting. However, using fewer
                 current sources than electrodes results in a non-convex
                 combinatorial optimization problem. In this paper, we
                 present a novel use of the branch and bound (BB) algorithm
                 to find sub-optimal stimulus patterns with fewer current
                 sources than electrodes. We present simulation results for
                 both focal and spatially extended cortical ROIs. Our
                 results suggest that only a few (2-3) independently
                 controlled current sources can achieve comparable results
                 to a full set (125 sources) to a tolerance of 5\%. BB is
                 computationally 3-5 orders of magnitude less demanding
                 than exhaustive search.",
  bibdate =      "Sun Nov 18 22:09:59 2018",
  pmcid =        "5417550",
}

@PhdThesis{RSM:Gul2016b,
  author = 	 "S. Guler",
  title = 	 "Brain Stimulus Pattern Optimization Using Scalp and Cortical
                  Electrode Arrays",
  school = 	 "Northeastern University",
  year = 	 2016}

@InProceedings{RSM:Gul2017,
  author = 	 "S. Guler and M. Dannhauer and B. Roig-Solvas and
                  A. Gkogkidis and R.S. MacLeod and T. Ball and
                  J.G. Ojemann and D.H. Brooks",
  title = 	 "An algorithm to optimize {ECoG} stimulus current patterns while
                  constraining local current density across the entire brain",
  booktitle =    "NYC Neuromodulation",
  year = 	 2017}

@Article{RSM:Gul2018,
  author = 	 "S. Guler and M. Dannhauer and B. Roig-Solvas and
                  A. Gkogkidis and R.S. Macleod and T. Ball and J.G. Ojemann
                  and D.H. Brooks.",
  title = 	 "Computationally Optimized {ECoG} Stimulation with Local Safety
                  Constraints",
  journal = 	 "Neuroimag",
  year = 	 2018,
  volume = 	 173,
  pages = 	 "35--48",
  month = 	 "June",
  pmcid =        "5911187"}

@Article{RSM:Gul83,
  author =       "R. Gulrajani and G.E. Mailloux",
  title =        "A Simulation Study of the Effects of Torso
                 Inhomogeneities on Electrocardiographic Potentials,
                 using Realistic Heart and Torso Models",
  journal =      j-CR,
  year =         "1983",
  volume =       "52",
  pages =        "45--56",
  robnote =      "A neat paper which represents a sort of synthesis
                 between Milan's inhomogeneous torso model and the
                 Miller-Geselowitz propagation with multiple dipoles.
                 The effects of inhomogeneities are examined, much like
                 in Chris's thesis, and the trick of expanding the torso
                 to represent the muscle layer is used., TorsoModel081",
}

@Article{RSM:Gul84,
  author =       "R.M. Gulrajani and F.A. Roberge and P. Savard",
  title =        "Moving Dipole Inverse {ECG} and {EEG} Solutions",
  journal =      j-BME,
  year =         "1984",
  volume =       "31",
  pages =        "903--910",
  robnote =      "One of the moving dipole type model descriptions by
                 Ramesh and the Montreal group. thesis, TorsoModel019",
}

@Article{RSM:Gul88,
  author =       "R.M. Gulrajani and P. Savard and F.A. Roberge",
  title =        "The Inverse Problem in Electrocardiography: Solutions
                 in Terms of Equivalent Sources",
  journal =      j-CRC,
  year =         "1988",
  volume =       "16",
  pages =        "171--214",
  robnote =      "A large review of the inverse problem, probably pretty
                 much the same as the one in the book written by Ramesh.
                 thesis, TorsoModel040",
}

@Article{RSM:Gul88b,
  author =       "R.M. Gulrajani",
  title =        "Models of the Electrical Activity of the Heart and the
                 Computer Simulation of the Electrocardiogram",
  journal =      j-CRC,
  year =         "1988",
  volume =       "16",
  pages =        "1--66",
  robnote =      "A large review of the forward simulation of electrical
                 signals in the heart and electrocardiograms. Read it,
                 thesis., TorsoModel041",
}

@InCollection{RSM:Gul89,
  author =       "R.M. Gulrajani and F.A. Roberge and G.E. Mailloux",
  title =        "The Forward Problem of Electrocardiography",
  booktitle =    "Comprehensive Electrocardiology",
  editor =       "P.W. Macfarlane and T.D. Veitch Lawrie",
  publisher =    "Pergamon Press",
  address =      "Oxford, England",
  year =         "1989",
  pages =        "197--236",
  robnote =      "A really nice review of the forward problem; covers
                 finite element method, boundary element method and even
                 the mathematics involved in the numerical solution.
                 thesis., Extensive discussion of the effects of
                 inhomomgeneities on the forward solution.
                 TorsoModel043",
}

@InCollection{RSM:Gul89b,
  author =       "R.M. Gulrajani and F.A. Roberge and P. Savard",
  title =        "The Inverse Problem of Electrocardiography",
  booktitle =    "Comprehensive Electrocardiology",
  editor =       "P.W. Macfarlane and T.D. Veitch Lawrie",
  publisher =    "Pergamon Press",
  address =      "Oxford, England",
  year =         "1989",
  pages =        "237--288",
  robnote =      "A really nice review of the inverse problem; covers
                 all the various types of inverse solution and quite
                 up-to-date as well. thesis., TorsoModel044",
}

@Article{RSM:Gul98,
  author =       "R.M. Gulrajani",
  title =        "The forward and inverse problems of
                 electrocardiography",
  journal =      "EMBS Mag.",
  year =         "1998",
  volume =       "17",
  number =       "5",
  month =         "Sep./Oct.",
  pages =        "84--101",
  robnote =      "New review by Ramesh from his book",
  bibdate =      "Wed Jun 10 18:57:00 1998",
}

@InProceedings{RSM:Gum2001,
  author =       "S. Gumhold and X. Wang and R.S. MacLeod",
  title =        "Feature extraction from point clouds",
  booktitle =    "Proceedings, 10th International Meshing Roundtable",
  year =         "2001",
  pages =        "293--305",
  publisher =    "Sandia National Laboratories",
  robnote =      "conference paper for meshing roundtable",
  bibdate =      "Fri Jun 29 14:36:29 2001",
}

@Article{RSM:Gut2007,
  author =       "M.A. Guttman and C. Ozturk and A.N. Raval and V.K. Raman
                 and A.J. Dick and R. DeSilva and P. Karmarkar and R.J.
                 Lederman and E.R. McVeigh",
  title =        "Interventional cardiovascular procedures guided by
                 real-time MR imaging: an interactive interface using
                 multiple slices, adaptive projection modes and live 3D
                 renderings.",
  journal =      "J Magn Reson Imaging",
  year =         "2007",
  month =        "Dec",
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "1429--1435",
  robnote =      "PURPOSE: To develop and test a novel interactive
                 real-time MRI environment that facilitates image-guided
                 cardiovascular interventions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Color
                 highlighting of device-mounted receiver coils, accelerated
                 imaging of multiple slices, adaptive projection modes,
                 live three-dimensional (3D) renderings and other
                 interactive features were utilized to enhance navigation
                 of devices and targeting of tissue. RESULTS: Images are
                 shown from several catheter-based interventional
                 procedures performed in swine that benefit from this
                 custom interventional MRI interface. These include
                 endograft repair of aortic aneurysm, balloon septostomy of
                 the cardiac interatrial septum, angioplasty and stenting,
                 and endomyocardial cell injection, all using active
                 catheters containing MRI receiver coils. CONCLUSION:
                 Interactive features not available on standard clinical
                 scanners enhance real-time MRI for guiding cardiovascular
                 interventional procedures.",
  bibdate =      "Wed Aug 26 13:21:34 2009",
}

@Article{RSM:Guy77,
  author =       "R.A. Guyton and J.H. McClenathan and G.E. Newman and
                 L.L. Michaelis",
  title =        "Significance of subendocardial {ST} segment elevation
                 caused by coronary stenosis in the dog",
  journal =      j-AJC,
  year =         "1977",
  volume =       "40",
  pages =        "373--380",
  robnote =      "really nice paper in ischemia and the role of
                 heterogenous perfusion in ST segment depression and
                 elevation.",
  bibdate =      "Fri Jun 01 16:26:37 2001",
}

@Article{RSM:Guy77b,
  author =       "R.A. Guyton and J.H. McClenathan and L.L. Michaelis",
  title =        "Evolution of regional ishcemia distal to a proximal
                 coronary stenosis: self-propagation of ischemia",
  journal =      j-AJC,
  year =         "1977",
  volume =       "40",
  pages =        "381--392",
  robnote =      "continuation of the previous paper in ischemia.",
  bibdate =      "Fri Jun 01 16:26:37 2001",
}

@Article{RSM:Guz59,
  author =       "S.V. Guzman and J.W. West",
  title =        "Cardiac Effects of Intracoronary Arterial Injections
                 of Various Roentgenographic Contrast Media",
  journal =      j-AHJ,
  year =         "1959",
  volume =       "58",
  pages =        "597--607",
  robnote =      "dye, contrast medium, ptca, thesis, PTCA024",
}

@Article{RSM:Hab92,
  author =       "M.A. Habbab and N. El-Sherif",
  title =        "{TU} alternans, long {QTU}, and torsade de pointes:
                 clinical and experimental observations.",
  journal =      "Pacing Clin Electrophysiol",
  year =         "1992",
  volume =       "15",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "916--31",
  robnote =      "LQTS, No hard copy TU alternans was investigated by
                 MAP recordings in six normal dogs, following the
                 administration of anthopleurin-A (AP-A), a drug shown
                 to delay sodium inactivation and to induce bradycardia
                 dependent long QTU, EADs, and TdP. Tachycardia
                 dependent TdP in clinical and experimental examples of
                 long QTU seems to be characteristically associated with
                 TU alternans. Dispersion of repolarization may underlie
                 the increased ventricular electrical instability in
                 these cases. Seems to look at EADs and heterogeneous
                 repolarization as causes of TdP in this animal model.
                 Later papers (see Chi98) provide a more thorough
                 examination and mechanism",
}

@Article{RSM:Hac72,
  author =       "D.B. Hackel and G. Wagner and N.B. Ratliff and A. Cies
                 and Estes. E.H.",
  title =        "Anatomic Studies of the Cardiac Conducting System in
                 Acute Myocardial Infarction",
  journal =      j-AHJ,
  year =         "1972",
  volume =       "8",
  pages =        "77--81",
  robnote =      "Another early work looking into the effect of infarct
                 on the conduction system. Another in the Duke
                 University series of cutting up hearts and looking for
                 anatomical and functional links to infarct.,
                 Ischemia028",
}

@Article{RSM:Hac72b,
  author =       "D.B. Hackel and G. Wagner and N.B. Ratliff and A. Cies
                 and E.H. {Estes Jr.}",
  title =        "Anatomic Studies of the Cardiac Conducting System in
                 Acute Myocardial Infarction",
  journal =      j-AHJ,
  year =         "1972",
  volume =       "83",
  pages =        "77--81",
  robnote =      "Don't have this one but Selvester and Co refer to it
                 in PTCA15 so I've included it in the thesis.,
                 CardCell033",
}

@Article{RSM:Hac84,
  author =       "D.B. Hackel and K.A. Reimer and R.E. Ideker and R.
                 Roberts and et al.",
  title =        "Comparison of Enzymatic and Anatomic Estimates of
                 Myocardial Infarct Size in Man",
  journal =      j-C,
  year =         "1984",
  volume =       "7",
  pages =        "824--835",
  robnote =      "Another quantitative paper of estimation of infarct
                 size and comparing it to the standard indicators of
                 enzymes, plasma creatine kinase (CK). Involved the
                 MILIS study., Ischemia010",
}

@Article{RSM:Hai2000,
  author =       "M. Haissaguerre and P. Jais and D.C. Shah and S.
                 Garrigue and A. Takahashi and T. Lavergne and M. Hocini
                 and J.T. Peng and R. Roudaut and J. Clementy",
  title =        "Electrophysiological end point for catheter ablation
                 of atrial fibrillation initiated from multiple
                 pulmonary venous foci.",
  journal =      j-C,
  year =         "2000",
  volume =       "101",
  number =       "12",
  pages =        "1409--1417",
  robnote =      "BACKGROUND: The end point for catheter ablation of
                 pulmonary vein (PV) foci initiating atrial fibrillation
                 (AF) has not been determined. METHODS AND RESULTS:
                 Ninety patients underwent mapping during spontaneous or
                 induced ectopy and/or AF initiation. Ostial PV ablation
                 was performed by use of angiograms to precisely define
                 targeted sites. Success defined by elimination of AF
                 without drugs was correlated with the procedural end
                 point of the abolition of distal PV potentials. A total
                 of 197 arrhythmogenic PV foci (97\%)-single in 31\% and
                 multiple in 69\%-and 6 atrial foci were identified. A
                 discrete radiofrequency (RF) application eliminated the
                 PV potentials in 9 PV foci, whereas 2 foci from the
                 same PV required RF applications at separate sites in
                 19 cases. In others, a wider region was targeted with
                 progressive elimination of ectopy. In 49 patients,
                 multiple sessions were necessary owing to recurrent or
                 new ectopy. The clinical success rates were 93\%, 73\%,
                 and 55\% in patients with 1, 2, and > or =3
                 arrhythmogenic PV foci. Recovery of local PV potential
                 and the inability to abolish it were significantly
                 associated with AF recurrences (90\% success rate with
                 versus 55\% without PV potential abolition). PV
                 stenosis was noted acutely in 5 of 6 cases, remained
                 unchanged at restudy, and was associated with RF power
                 >45 W. CONCLUSIONS: Multiple PV foci are involved in
                 initiation of AF, and elimination of PV muscle
                 conduction is associated with clinical success.",
  bibdate =      "Sat Aug 11 10:47:17 2007",
}

@Article{RSM:Hai2000a,
  author =       "M. Haissaguerre and D. C. Shah and P. Jas and M.
                 Hocini and T. Yamane and I. Deisenhofer and M. Chauvin
                 and S. Garrigue and J. Clamenty",
  title =        "Electrophysiological breakthroughs from the left
                 atrium to the pulmonary veins",
  journal =      j-C,
  volume =       "102",
  number =       "20",
  pages =        "2463--5",
  year =         "2000",
}

@Article{RSM:Hai2013,
  author =       "M. Haissaguerre and M. Hocini and A.J. Shah and N. Derval
                 and F. Sacher and P. Jais and R. Dubois",
  title =        "Noninvasive panoramic mapping of human atrial
                 fibrillation mechanisms: a feasibility report.",
  journal =      j-JCE,
  year =         "2013",
  month =        "Jun",
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "711--717",
  robnote =      "We developed specific algorithms to identify localized
                  sources and atrial propagation occurring simultaneously
                  during ongoing atrial fibrillation (AF).  We report the
                  feasibility of noninvasive panoramic mapping of human AF
                  mechanisms and its validation by successful ablation. We used
                  a commercially available mapping system using an array of 252
                  body surface electrodes and noncontrast thoracic CT scan to
                  obtain high-resolution images of the biatrial geometry and
                  the relative electrode positions. On the surface unipolar
                  electrograms acquired during AF we developed specific
                  signal-analysis process combining filtering, wavelet
                  transform, and phase mapping. At least 5 windows with
                  spontaneous, long ventricular pauses were selected for
                  mapping. The incidence, location and characteristics of
                  localized sources (foci and rotors) were assessed on the
                  cumulative duration of all recorded windows.  This report
                  demonstrates the feasibility of noninvasive panoramic mapping
                  of AF in identifying active sources, which include unstable
                  rotors and PV foci, and its validation by ablation results.",
  bibdate =      "Mon May 11 22:05:54 2015",
}

@Article{RSM:Hai2014,
  author =       "M. Haissaguerre and M. Hocini and A. Denis and A.J. Shah
                 and Y. Komatsu and S. Yamashita and M. Daly and S. Amraoui
                 and S. Zellerhoff and M.Q. Picat and A. Quotb and L. Jesel
                 and H. Lim and S. Ploux and P. Bordachar and G. Attuel and
                 V. Meillet and P. Ritter and N. Derval and F. Sacher and
                 O. Bernus and H. Cochet and P. Jais and R. Dubois",
  title =        "Driver domains in persistent atrial fibrillation.",
  journal =      j-C,
  year =         "2014",
  month =        "Aug",
  volume =       "130",
  number =       "7",
  pages =        "530--538",
  robnote =      "BACKGROUND: Specific noninvasive signal processing was
                 applied to identify drivers in distinct categories of
                 persistent atrial fibrillation (AF). METHODS AND RESULTS:
                 In 103 consecutive patients with persistent AF, accurate
                 biatrial geometry relative to an array of 252 body surface
                 electrodes was obtained from a noncontrast computed
                 tomography scan. The reconstructed unipolar AF
                 electrograms acquired at bedside from multiple windows
                 (duration, 9+/-1 s) were signal processed to identify the
                 drivers (focal or reentrant activity) and their cumulative
                 density map. The driver domains were catheter ablated by
                 using AF termination as the procedural end point in
                 comparison with the stepwise-ablation control group. The
                 maps showed incessantly changing beat-to-beat wave fronts
                 and varying spatiotemporal behavior of driver activities.
                 Reentries were not sustained (median, 2.6 rotations
                 lasting 449+/-89 ms), meandered substantially but recurred
                 repetitively in the same region. In total, 4720 drivers
                 were identified in 103 patients: 3802 (80.5\%) reentries
                 and 918 (19.5\%) focal breakthroughs; most of them
                 colocalized. Of these, 69\% reentries and 71\% foci were
                 in the left atrium. Driver ablation alone terminated 75\%
                 and 15\% of persistent and long-lasting AF, respectively.
                 The number of targeted driver regions increased with the
                 duration of continuous AF: 2 in patients presenting in
                 sinus rhythm, 3 in AF lasting 1 to 3 months, 4 in AF
                 lasting 4 to 6 months, and 6 in AF lasting longer. The
                 termination rate sharply declined after 6 months. The mean
                 radiofrequency delivery to AF termination was 28+/-17
                 minutes versus 65+/-33 minutes in the control group
                 (P<0.0001). At 12 months, 85\% patients with AF
                 termination were free from AF, similar to the control
                 population (87\%,); P=not significant. CONCLUSIONS:
                 Persistent AF in early months is maintained predominantly
                 by drivers clustered in a few regions, most of them being
                 unstable reentries.",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jun 29 09:42:42 2019",
}

@InProceedings{RSM:Hai91,
  author =       "R. Haimes and D. Darmofal",
  title =        "Visualization in computational fluid dynamics: a case
                 study",
  booktitle =    "Proceedings of the IEEE Visualization 91",
  year =         "1991",
  pages =        "392--397",
  publisher =    "IEEE CS Press",
  address =      "Los Alamitos, Calif.",
  robnote =      "A CFD display program of visualizing 3D volume
                 datasets. scientific visualization.",
}

@InCollection{RSM:Hai94,
  author =       "D. E. Haines",
  title =        "Diagnosis and Treatment of Supraventricular
                 Tachycardia",
  key =          "SVT",
  booktitle =    "Clinical Cardiac Electrophysiology: Perioperative
                 Considerations",
  publisher =    pub-JB,
  year =         "1994",
  editor =       "Carl Lynch III",
  chapter =      "5",
  pages =        "157--182",
}

@Article{RSM:Hai95,
  author =       "D. Haines and I. McRury",
  title =        "Primary atrial fibrillation ablation ({PAFA}) in a
                 chronic atrial fibrillation model",
  journal =      j-C,
  year =         "1995",
  volume =       "92",
  number =       "8",
  pages =        "I-265",
  robnote =      "atrial fibrillation, rates of incidence, link to
                 stroke, etc.",
}

@Article{RSM:Hai98,
  author =       "M. Haissaguerre and P. Jais and D.C. Shah and A.
                 Takahashi and M. Hocini and G. Quiniou and S. Garrigue
                 and A. Le Mouroux and P. Le Metayer and J. Clementy",
  title =        "Spontaneous initiation of atrial fibrillation by
                 ectopic beats originating in the pulmonary veins.",
  journal =      j-NEJM,
  year =         "1998",
  volume =       "339",
  number =       "10",
  pages =        "659--666",
  robnote =      "BACKGROUND: Atrial fibrillation, the most common
                 sustained cardiac arrhythmia and a major cause of
                 stroke, results from simultaneous reentrant wavelets.
                 Its spontaneous initiation has not been studied.
                 METHODS: We studied 45 patients with frequent episodes
                 of atrial fibrillation (mean [+/-SD] duration,
                 344+/-326 minutes per 24 hours) refractory to drug
                 therapy. The spontaneous initiation of atrial
                 fibrillation was mapped with the use of multielectrode
                 catheters designed to record the earliest electrical
                 activity preceding the onset of atrial fibrillation and
                 associated atrial ectopic beats. The accuracy of the
                 mapping was confirmed by the abrupt disappearance of
                 triggering atrial ectopic beats after ablation with
                 local radio-frequency energy. RESULTS: A single point
                 of origin of atrial ectopic beats was identified in 29
                 patients, two points of origin were identified in 9
                 patients, and three or four points of origin were
                 identified in 7 patients, for a total of 69 ectopic
                 foci. Three foci were in the right atrium, 1 in the
                 posterior left atrium, and 65 (94 percent) in the
                 pulmonary veins (31 in the left superior, 17 in the
                 right superior, 11 in the left inferior, and 6 in the
                 right inferior pulmonary vein). The earliest activation
                 was found to have occurred 2 to 4 cm inside the veins,
                 marked by a local depolarization preceding the atrial
                 ectopic beats on the surface electrocardiogram by
                 106+/-24 msec. Atrial fibrillation was initiated by a
                 sudden burst of rapid depolarizations (340 per minute).
                 A local depolarization could also be recognized during
                 sinus rhythm and abolished by radiofrequency ablation.
                 During a follow-up period of 8+/-6 months after
                 ablation, 28 patients (62 percent) had no recurrence of
                 atrial fibrillation. CONCLUSIONS: The pulmonary veins
                 are an important source of ectopic beats, initiating
                 frequent paroxysms of atrial fibrillation. These foci
                 respond to treatment with radio-frequency ablation.",
  bibdate =      "Sat Aug 11 10:47:17 2007",
}

@InCollection{RSM:Hal87,
  author =       "J.V. Halliwell and T.D. Plant and N.B. Standen",
  title =        "Voltage Clamp Techniques",
  booktitle =    "Microelectrode Techniques: The Plymouth Workshop
                 Handbook",
  editor =       "N.B. Standen and P.T.A. Gray and M.J. Whitaker",
  publisher =    "Company of Biologists Ltd.",
  address =      "Dept of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge,
                 England.",
  year =         "1987",
  pages =        "13--28",
  robnote =      "A chapter on how to understand and operate a voltage
                 clamp setup, with both theory and some practical tips
                 as well., CellPhysiol086",
}

@InCollection{RSM:Hal87b,
  author =       "J.V. Halliwell and M.J. Whitaker",
  title =        "Using Microelectrodes",
  booktitle =    "Microelectrode Techniques: The Plymouth Workshop
                 Handbook",
  editor =       "N.B. Standen and P.T.A. Gray and M.J. Whitaker",
  publisher =    "Company of Biologists Ltd.",
  address =      "Dept of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge,
                 England.",
  year =         "1987",
  pages =        "1--12",
  robnote =      "A chapter on how to make, fill and use microelectrodes
                 in real life with all the associated problems.,
                 CellPhysiol085",
}

@Article{RSM:Hal91,
  author =       "C.B. Hall and K. O'Brien",
  title =        "Performance characteristics of architectural features
                 of the {IBM} {RISC} system/6000",
  journal =      "ACM",
  year =         "1991",
  pages =        "303--309",
  robnote =      "A paper Nelson found for us on the structure of the
                 RS600 and why it works do well.",
}

@Article{RSM:Hal95,
  author =       "E. Halgren and P. Baudena and J.M. Clarke and G. Hite
                 and C. Liegeois and P. Shauvel and A. Musolino",
  title =        "Intracerebral potentials to rare target and distractor
                 auditory and visual stimuli: {I.} {S}uperior temporal
                 lobe",
  journal =      "Electroencephalography and clinical Neurophysiology",
  year =         "1995",
  volume =       "94",
  pages =        "191--220",
  robnote =      "auditory P300 in schizophrenic patients has a source
                 in superior temporal gyrus. brain mapping, ref from
                 Geoff Potts.",
}

@InProceedings{RSM:Ham2001,
  author =       "P.E. Hammer and D.H. Brooks and J.K. Triedman",
  title =        "Entrainment response in a model of reentrant
                 tachycardia",
  booktitle =    c-CinC,
  year =         "2001",
  OPTeditor =    "",
  volume =       "(in press)",
  OPTnumber =    "",
  OPTseries =    "",
  OPTpages =     "",
  OPTorganization = "",
  OPTpublisher = "",
  OPTaddress =   "",
  OPTmonth =     "",
  OPTnote =      "",
  robnote =      "JT paper for ncrr renewal",
  bibdate =      "Tue Oct 02 11:33:42 2001",
}

@Article{RSM:Ham2011,
  title =        "Wavelets on graphs via spectral graph theory",
  journal =      "Applied and Computational Harmonic Analysis",
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "129--150",
  year =         "2011",
  note =         "",
  ISSN =         "1063-5203",
  doi =          "http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.acha.2010.04.005",
  URL =          "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1063520310000552",
  author =       "David K. Hammond and Pierre Vandergheynst and Rémi
                 Gribonval",
  keywords =     "Graph theory",
  keywords =     "Wavelets",
  keywords =     "Spectral graph theory",
  keywords =     "Overcomplete wavelet frames",
}
@Article{RSM:Ham81,
  author =       "O.P. Hamill and A. Marty and E. Neher and B. Sakmann
                 and F.J. Sigworth",
  title =        "Improved Patch-Clamp Techniques for High-Resolution
                 Current Recording from Cells and Cell-Free Membrane
                 Patches",
  journal =      j-PAP,
  year =         "1981",
  volume =       "39",
  pages =        "85--100",
  robnote =      ", CellPhysiol013",
}

@Article{RSM:Ham88,
  author =       "D. Hamel and P. Savard and D. Derome and L. Legendre
                 and R. Nadeau and M. Debuc and M. Shenasa",
  title =        "Detection of Localized Ischemia Changes with Body
                 Surface Potential Mapping in Patients Undergoing
                 Coronary Angioplasty",
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  volume =       "Suppl",
  pages =        "II-577",
  robnote =      "Paper by the Montreal group on changes due to PTCA in
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}

@Article{RSM:Ham93,
  author =       "Matti H{\"a}m{\"a}l{\"a}inen and Riitta Hari and
		  Risto J Ilmoniemi and Jukka Knuutila and Olli V Lounasmaa",
  title =        "Magnetoencephalography---theory, instrumentation, and
                 applications to noninvasive studies of the working
                 human brain",
  journal =      "Rev. Mod. Phys.",
  volume =       "65",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "413--97",
  year =         "1993",
}

@Article{RSM:Ham93b,
  author =       "D. Hammerstrom",
  title =        "Neural networks at work",
  journal =      "IEEE Spectrum",
  year =         "1993",
  pages =        "26--32",
  month =        jun,
  robnote =      "An introductory review of neural networks.",
}

@InCollection{RSM:Ham99,
  author =       "M.S. H{\"a}m{\"a}l{\"a}inen and J. Nenonen",
  title =        "Magnetic source imaging",
  booktitle =    "Encyclopedia of Electrical Engineering",
  publisher =    pub-W,
  year =         "1999",
  editor =       "j. Webster",
  volume =       "12",
  pages =        "133--148",
  robnote =      "Jukka book chapter, no hard copy",
  bibdate =      "Sat Sep 29 16:56:50 2001",
}

@Article{ RSM:Han2013,
  author =       "F.T. Han and N. Akoum and N. Marrouche",
  title =        "Value of magnetic resonance imaging in guiding atrial
                 fibrillation management.",
  journal =      j-CJC,
  year =         "2013",
  month =        "Oct",
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "10",
  pages =        "1194--1202",
  robnote =      "Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia
                 encountered in clinical practice today. Until recently,
                 the therapeutic approaches for AF have been limited by
                 imperfect risk prediction models and suboptimal approaches
                 for AF ablation. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the
                 detection of left atrial (LA) fibrosis and correlation of
                 these structural remodelling changes to outcomes of
                 stroke, AF recurrence, and congestive heart failure have
                 provided us with information to optimize the care of our
                 patients with AF based on screening for fibrotic atrial
                 cardiomyopathy, for which AF is the arrhythmic
                 manifestation. These data allow us to bring these new
                 imaging modalities to the forefront of AF management and
                 the delivery of personalized medicine. Future developments
                 promise to improve the outcomes and safety for AF and
                 fibrotic atrial cardiomyopathy.",
  bibdate =      "Sun May 25 06:14:09 2014",
}

@Article{RSM:Han75,
  author =       "R.J. Hanson and Phillips J. L",
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  pages =        "291--307",
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@Article{RSM:Han92,
  author =       "P.C. Hansen",
  title =        "Analysis of discrete ill-posed problems by means of
                 the {L}-curve",
  journal =      "SIAM Review",

repository: bzenger/SCI-bibtex-Overleaf

repo_name: bzenger/SCI-bibtex-Overleaf

branch_name: refs/heads/main

extension: bib