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	Pages = {244--269},
	Title = {Implementation of Resilient, Atomic Data Types},
	Volume = 7,
	Year = 1985}

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	Author = {Paul R. Wilson and Michael S. Lam and Thomas G. Moher},
	Crossref = {pldi91},
	Pages = {177--191},
	Title = {Effective ``Static-graph'' Reorganization to Improve Locality in Garbage-Collected Systems}}

@inproceedings{WM89,
	Annote = {scavenging, card marking},
	Author = {Paul R. Wilson and Thomas G. Moher},
	Crossref = {oopsla89},
	Pages = {23--35},
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@inproceedings{WWFT88,
	Author = {Jack C. Wileden and Alexander L. Wolf and Charles D. Fisher and Peri L. Tarr},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the Third Symposium on Software Development Environments (SIGSOFT '88)},
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	Year = 1988}

@inproceedings{Wahbe92,
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@inproceedings{White80,
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@inproceedings{Wickline99,
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@inproceedings{Wilson92,
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@techreport{Wirth87,
	Author = {Niklaus Wirth},
	Institution = {Institut fur Informatik, ETH Zurich},
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	Year = 1986}

@techreport{Zorn92,
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	Year = 1992}

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@proceedings{icde87,
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@proceedings{icde89,
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@proceedings{icde93,
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@proceedings{dbpl89,
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@proceedings{dbpl93,
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@proceedings{ecoop95,
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@proceedings{ecoop00,
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@proceedings{edbt94,
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@proceedings{fpca95,
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@proceedings{icse95,
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@proceedings{iwmm95,
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@proceedings{lfp94,
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@proceedings{oodb88,
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@proceedings{oopsla90,
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@proceedings{oopsla95,
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@proceedings{oopsla97,
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@proceedings{oopsla02,
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@proceedings{pldi88,
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@proceedings{pldi91,
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@proceedings{pldi97,
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@proceedings{pldi99,
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@proceedings{pldi01,
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	Year = 2001}

@proceedings{popl73,
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	Title = popl,
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@proceedings{popl77,
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@proceedings{popl80,
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	Title = popl,
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@proceedings{popl82,
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	Title = popl,
	Year = 1982}

@proceedings{popl84,
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	City = {Salt Lake City, Utah},
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@proceedings{popl86,
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	City = {St.~Petersburg Beach, Florida},
	Date = jan,
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	Title = popl,
	Year = 1986}

@proceedings{popl90,
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	Title = popl,
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@proceedings{popl93,
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	Date = jan,
	Key = {POPL'93},
	Title = popl,
	Year = 1993}

@proceedings{popl95,
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	Title = popl,
	Year = 1995}

@proceedings{popl97,
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	City = {Paris, France},
	Date = jan,
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	Year = 1997}

@proceedings{pos87,
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	Year = 1987}

@proceedings{sigmod84,
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	Volume = 14,
	Year = 1984}

@proceedings{sigmod86,
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	Year = 1986}

@proceedings{sigmod88,
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	Title = sigmodc,
	Volume = 17,
	Year = 1988}

@proceedings{sigmod90,
	Booktitle = sigmodc,
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	Title = sigmodc,
	Volume = 19,
	Year = 1990}

@proceedings{sigmod92,
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	Volume = 21,
	Year = 1992}

@proceedings{sigmod94,
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@proceedings{sigmod96,
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	Title = sigmodc,
	Volume = 25,
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@proceedings{sigplan79,
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	Number = 8,
	Title = {Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on Compiler Construction},
	Volume = 14,
	Year = 1979}

@proceedings{sigplan84,
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on Compiler Construction},
	City = {Montr{\'e}al, Canada},
	Date = jun,
	Journal = sigplan,
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	Optmonth = jun,
	Optnumber = 6,
	Title = {Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on Compiler Construction},
	Volume = 19,
	Year = 1984}

@proceedings{sigplan87,
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on Interpreters and Interpretive Techniques},
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	Date = jun,
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	Month = jul,
	Number = 7,
	Title = {Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on Interpreters and Interpretive Techniques},
	Volume = 22,
	Year = 1987}

@proceedings{sigsoft86,
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the Second ACM Symposium on Practical Software Development Environments},
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	Date = dec,
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	Title = {Proceedings of the Second ACM Symposium on Practical Software Development Environments},
	Year = 1986}

@proceedings{sosp95,
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	Title = sosp,
	Volume = 29,
	Year = 1995}

@proceedings{spaa91,
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	Key = {SPAA'91},
	Month = jul,
	Title = spaa,
	Year = 1991}

@proceedings{vldb80,
	Booktitle = vldb,
	City = {Montr{\'e}al, Canada},
	Date = oct,
	Key = {VLDB'80},
	Publisher = ieeecs,
	Title = vldb,
	Year = 1980}

@proceedings{vldb86,
	Booktitle = vldb,
	City = {Kyoto, Japan},
	Date = aug,
	Key = {VLDB'86},
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	Year = 1986}

@proceedings{vldb88,
	Booktitle = vldb,
	City = {Los Angeles, California},
	Date = aug,
	Key = {VLDB'88},
	Publisher = {Morgan Kaufmann},
	Title = vldb,
	Year = 1988}

@proceedings{vldb92,
	Booktitle = vldb,
	City = {Vancouver, Canada},
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	Year = 1992}

@proceedings{vldb94,
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	Date = sep,
	Key = {VLDB'94},
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	Year = 1994}

@proceedings{isca95,
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	Title = isca,
	Volume = 23,
	Year = 1995}

@proceedings{isca99,
	Booktitle = isca,
	City = {Atlanta, Georgia},
	Date = may,
	Journal = {Computer Architecture News},
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	Title = isca,
	Volume = 27,
	Year = 1999}

@proceedings{wtc98,
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the Workshop on Types in Compilation},
	City = {Kyoto, Japan},
	Date = mar,
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	Title = {Proceedings of the Workshop on Types in Compilation},
	Volume = 1473,
	Year = 1998}

@proceedings{dsn02,
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	City = {Bethesda, Maryland},
	Date = jun,
	Key = {DSN'02},
	Title = dsn,
	Year = 2002}

@proceedings{wsdsm02,
	Booktitle = wsdsm,
	City = {Berlin, Germany},
	Date = may,
	Key = {WSDSM'02},
	Title = wsdsm,
	Year = 2002}

@proceedings{grande01,
	Booktitle = grande,
	City = {Stanford University, California},
	Date = jun,
	Key = {GRANDE'01},
	Title = grande,
	Year = 2001}

@proceedings{sac02,
	Booktitle = sac,
	City = {Madrid, Spain},
	Date = mar,
	Key = {SAC'02},
	Title = sac,
	Year = 2002}

@inproceedings{singularity06,
	Abstract = {Message-based communication offers the potential
		 benefits of providing stronger specification and
		 cleaner separation between components. Compared with
		 shared-memory interactions, message passing has the
		 potential disadvantages of more expensive data exchange
		 (no direct sharing) and more complicated programming.
		 In this paper we report on the language, verification,
		 and run-time system features that make messages
		 practical as the sole means of communication between
		 processes in the Singularity operating system. We show
		 that using advanced programming language and
		 verification techniques, it is possible to provide and
		 enforce strong system-wide invariants that enable
		 efficient communication and low-overhead software-based
		 process isolation. Furthermore, specifications on
		 communication channels help in detecting programmer
		 mistakes early --- namely at compile-time --- thereby
		 reducing the difficulty of the message-based
		 programming model. The paper describes our
		 communication invariants, the language and verification
		 features that support them, as well as implementation
		 details of the infrastructure. A number of benchmarks
		 show the competitiveness of this approach.},
	Added-At = {Thu Jun 1 19:02:55 2006},
	Added-By = {msteiner},
	Address = {Leuven, Belgium},
	Annote = {Best paper award. Secure interprocessor communication
		 component of
		 Singularity~\cite{HuLaTaWo2005,HLAABFHHLMSTWZ2005}. All
		 communication is via IPC (i.e., no shared memory) via
		 bidirection channels which have associated contract
		 with types _and_ interaction behavior (via FSM).
		 Contract is statically enforced. (Mostly) copy-less
		 parameter transfer via exchange heap, again enforced
		 via static analysis. Calls are non-blocking and
		 non-failing.},
	Author = {Manuel F{\"a}hndrich and Mark Aiken and Chris Hawblitzel and Orion Hodson and Galen C. Hunt and James R. Larus and Steven Levi},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of EuroSys2006},
	Month = apr,
	Organization = {ACM SIGOPS},
	Title = {Language Support for Fast and Reliable Message-based Communication in {Singularity OS}},
	Url = {http://www.cs.kuleuven.ac.be/conference/EuroSys2006/papers/p177-fahndrich.pdf},
	Year = {2006}}

@inproceedings{xgiotto,
	Author = {A. Ghosal and T. Henzinger and C. Kirsch and M. Sanvido},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the 7th International Workshop, Hybrid Systems Computation and Control},
	Month = {March},
	Title = {Event-driven Programming with Logical Execution Times},
	Url = {http://www.gigascale.org/pubs/508.html},
	Year = {2004}}

@inproceedings{facet03,
	Author = {Ravi Pratap M and Ron K. Cytron and David Sharp and Edward Pla},
	Booktitle = {LCTES '03: Proceedings of the 2003 ACM SIGPLAN conference on Language, compiler, and tool for embedded systems},
	Isbn = {1-58113-647-1},
	Location = {San Diego, California, USA},
	Pages = {144--152},
	Title = {Transport layer abstraction in event channels for embedded systems},
	Year = {2003}}

@inproceedings{thies:cc:2002,
	Author = {William Thies and Michal Karczmarek and Saman Amarasinghe},
	Booktitle = {International Conference on Compiler Construction (CC'02)},
	Month = apr,
	Title = {StreamIt: A Language for Streaming Applications},
	Year = 2002}

@proceedings{asplos:2006,
	Address = {San Jose, CA},
	Booktitle = {International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems},
	Month = Oct,
	Title = {International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems},
	Year = 2006}

@inproceedings{gordon:asplos:2006,
	Author = {Michael Gordon and William Thies and Saman Amarasinghe},
	Crossref = {asplos:2006},
	Title = {Exploiting Coarse-Grained Task, Data, and Pipeline Parallelism in Stream Programs},
	Url = {http://cag.lcs.mit.edu/commit/papers/./06/gordon-asplos06.pdf}}

@article{ddx,
	Author = {Jeff Child},
	Journal = {COTS Journal},
	Month = jun,
	Title = {{DD(X)} Program Leads Navy's Voyage toward Cost-Efficient Computing},
	Year = 2006}

@article{kiczales96,
	Address = {Los Alamitos, CA, USA},
	Author = {Gregor Kiczales},
	Issn = {0740-7459},
	Journal = {IEEE Softw.},
	Number = {1},
	Pages = {8--11},
	Publisher = {IEEE Computer Society Press},
	Title = {Beyond the Black Box: Open Implementation},
	Volume = {13},
	Year = {1996}}

@article{aspectj,
	Author = {AspectJ Project},
	Title = {IBM},
	Url = {http://eclipse.org/aspectj/}}

@article{Dijkstra1968,
	Author = {Edsger W. Dijkstra},
	Journal = {Comm. ACM},
	Number = 5,
	Pages = {341--346},
	Title = {The structure of the ``{THE}''-multiprogramming system},
	Volume = 11,
	Year = {1968}}

@article{Saltzer1984,
	Author = {Jerome H. Saltzer and David P. Reed and David D. Clark},
	Journal = {{ACM} Transactions on Computer Systems},
	Month = nov,
	Number = {4},
	Pages = {277-288},
	Title = {End-To-End Arguments in System Design},
	Url = {citeseer.ist.psu.edu/saltzer84endtoend.html},
	Volume = {2},
	Year = {1984}}

@book{Kane1988,
	Author = {Kane, Gerry and Heinrich, Joe},
	Note = {KAN g2 92:1 1.Ex},
	Publisher = {Prentice Hall},
	Title = {MIPS RISC Architecture},
	Year = {1992}}

@techreport{nrc,
	Author = {H. Hetcht and M. Hecht and S. Graff},
	Institution = {U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission},
	Number = {NUREG/CR-6463},
	Title = {Review Guidelines for Software Languages for Use in Nuclear Power Plant Systems},
	Year = 1997}

@article{Hutchinson1991,
	Address = {Washington, DC},
	Author = {N. C. Hutchinson and L. L. Peterson},
	Journal = {IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering},
	Number = {1},
	Pages = {64--76},
	Publisher = {IEEE Computer Society},
	Title = {The x-Kernel: An Ar5chitecture for Implementing Network Protocols},
	Url = {citeseer.ist.psu.edu/hutchinson91xkernel.html},
	Volume = {17},
	Year = {1991}}

@inproceedings{Wulf74,
	Address = {New York, NY, USA},
	Author = {R. Levin and E. Cohen and W. Corwin and F. Pollack and W. Wulf},
	Booktitle = {SOSP '75: Proceedings of the fifth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles},
	Location = {Austin, Texas, United States},
	Pages = {132--140},
	Publisher = {ACM Press},
	Title = {Policy/mechanism separation in Hydra},
	Year = {1975}}

@inproceedings{zen03,
	Author = {{Arvind S.} Krishna and {Douglas C.} Schmidt and Krishna Raman and Raymond Klefstad},
	Booktitle = {Distributed Objects and Applications (DOA)},
	Title = {Optimizing the {ORB} Core to Enhance {Real-time CORBA} Predictability and Performance},
	Year = 2003}

@inproceedings{zen04,
	Address = {Hachioji, Tokyo, Japan},
	Author = {{Arvind S.} Krishna and {Douglas C.} Schmidt and Raymond Klefstad},
	Booktitle = {24th International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS 2004)},
	Date = {24--26},
	Month = {March},
	Pages = {66--73},
	Title = {{Enhancing Real-Time CORBA via Real-Time Java Features}},
	Year = 2004}

@inproceedings{HallenbergElsmanTofte02,
	Author = {Niels Hallenberg and Martin Elsman and Mads Tofte},
	Booktitle = PLDI,
	Title = {Combining Region Inference and Garbage Collection},
	Year = {2002}}

@article{BobrowWegbreit73,
	Author = {Daniel G. Bobrow and Ben Wegbreit},
	Journal = {Communications of the ACM},
	Pages = {591--602},
	Title = {A Model and Stack Implementation of Multiple Environ\-ments},
	Volume = {16},
	Year = {1973}}

@phdthesis{randall98,
	Author = {Keith Harold Randall},
	Description = {Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1998.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 170-179).},
	School = {Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science},
	Title = {Cilk: efficient multithreaded computing},
	Year = {1998}}

@book{smsbook,
	Author = {James Noble and Charles Weir},
	Publisher = {Addison-Wesley},
	Title = {Small Memory Software: Patterns for systems with limited memor y},
	Year = 2000}

@inproceedings{TowardsAModelOFEncapsulation,
	Author = {James Noble and Robert Biddle and Ewan Tempero and Alex Potanin and Dave Clarke},
	Booktitle = {International Workshop on Aliasing, Confinement and Ownership in object-oriented programming (IWACO)},
	Title = {Towards a Model of Encapsulation},
	Year = {2003}}

@inproceedings{ClarkeDrossopoulou02,
	Author = {Dave Clarke and Sophia Drossopoulou},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the 17th {ACM} conference on Object-oriented programming, systems, languages, and applications ({OOPSLA}02)},
	Title = {Ownership, encapsulation and the disjointness of type and effect},
	Year = {2002}}

@inproceedings{corsaro,
	Author = {Angelo Corsaro and {Ron K.} Cytron},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of Languages, Compilers, and Tools for Embedded Systems (LCTES'03)},
	Title = {Efficient memory reference checks for Real-time {Java}},
	Year = 2003}

@inproceedings{blan99,
	Address = {Denver, CO},
	Author = {Bruno Blanchet},
	Booktitle = {{OOPSLA'99} {ACM} Conference on Object-Oriented Systems, Languages and Applications},
	Comment = {By analysing which objects escape methods/threads, we can allocate on the stack / avoid synchronisations.},
	Month = oct,
	Pages = {20--34},
	Publisher = {ACM Press},
	Series = {ACM SIGPLAN Notices},
	Title = {Escape Analysis for Object Oriented Languages. Application to {J}ava},
	Volume = {34(10)},
	Year = {1999}}

@inproceedings{Deutsch95,
	Address = {La Jolla, California},
	Author = {Alain Deutsch},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the {ACM} {SIGPLAN} Symposium on Partial Evaluation and Semantics-Based Program Manipulation},
	Month = jun # {21--23,},
	Pages = {226--229},
	Title = {Semantic Models and Abstract Interpretation Techniques for Inductive Data Structures and Pointers},
	Year = {1995}}

@inproceedings{bogd99,
	Address = {Denver, CO},
	Author = {Jeff Bogda and Urs H{\"o}lzle},
	Booktitle = {{OOPSLA'99} {ACM} Conference on Object-Oriented Systems, Languages and Applications},
	Comment = {By analysing which objects escape threads, we can avoid synchronisations.},
	Month = oct,
	Pages = {35--46},
	Publisher = {ACM Press},
	Series = {ACM SIGPLAN Notices},
	Title = {Removing Unnecessary Synchronization in {J}ava},
	Volume = {34(10)},
	Year = {1999}}

@unpublished{sunSeal,
	Author = {Sun Microsystems},
	Title = {Support for Extensions and Applications in the Version 1.2 of the {J}ava Platform},
	Url = {http://java.sun.com/products/jdk/1.2/docs/guide/extensions/spec.html},
	Year = 2000}

@inproceedings{ZFA00,
	Author = {Ayal Zaks and Vitaly Feldman and Nava Aizikowitz},
	Booktitle = {OOPSLA '2000 Conference Proceedings},
	Contact = {zaks@il.ibm.com},
	Month = oct,
	Organization = {ACM},
	Series = {ACM SIGPLAN Notices},
	Title = {Sealed Calls in {J}ava Packages},
	Year = {2000}}

@techreport{DLN96,
	Author = {D. Detlefs and K. Rustan M. Leino and G. Nelson},
	Institution = {Digital Equipment Corporation Systems Research Center},
	Title = {Wrestling with rep exposure},
	Year = {1996}}

@incollection{MY93,
	Author = {S. Matsuoka and A. Yonezawa},
	Booktitle = {Research Directions in Concurrent Object-Oriented Programming},
	Chapter = {4},
	Editor = {G. Agha, P. Wegner and A. Yonezawa},
	Pages = {107--150},
	Publisher = {The MIT Press},
	Title = {Analysis of inheritance anomaly in object-oriented concurrent programming languages},
	Year = {1993}}

@unpublished{SIP,
	Author = {{Secure Internet Programming Group}},
	Title = {http://www.cs\-.princeton.\-edu/sip/news/april29.\-html},
	Year = 1997}

@techreport{boyland99,
	Author = {John Boyland},
	Institution = {University of Wisconsin -- Milwaukee},
	Month = mar,
	Title = {Deferring destruction when reading unique variables},
	Year = 1999}

@book{betabook,
	Author = {Ole Lehrmann Madsen and Birger M{\o}ller-Pedersen and Kirsten Nygaard},
	Publisher = aw,
	Title = {Object-Oriented Programming in the {BETA} Programming Language},
	Year = 1993}

@techreport{goldstien,
	Author = {T. Goldstein},
	Institution = {Sun Microsystems Laboratories -- Javasoft},
	Month = dec,
	Title = {The gateway security model in the {Ja}va electronic commerce framework},
	Year = 1996}

@article{maclennan,
	Author = {B. J. MacLennan},
	Journal = sigplan,
	Month = dec,
	Number = 12,
	Title = {Values and objects in programming languages},
	Volume = 17,
	Year = 1982}

@inproceedings{kenttools96,
	Address = {Paris},
	Author = {Stuart Kent and John Howse},
	Booktitle = {TOOLS 19},
	Title = {Value Types in {E}iffel},
	Year = 1996}

@techreport{ecstasy-virginity,
	Author = {K. Rustan M. Leino and Raymie Stata},
	Institution = {Digital Systems Research Center},
	Month = apr,
	Number = {SRC-TN-97-001},
	Title = {Virginity: A contribution to the specification of object-oriented software},
	Year = 1997}

@inproceedings{boyland98,
	Author = {Edwin C. Chan and John T. Boyland and William L. Scherlis},
	Booktitle = icse,
	Title = {Promises: Limitied Specifications for Analysis and Manipulation},
	Year = 1998}

@article{Baker95,
	Author = {Henry G. Baker},
	Journal = sigplan,
	Month = jan,
	Number = 1,
	Title = {'{U}se-Once' Variables and Linear Objects -- Storage Management, Reflection and Multi-Threading},
	Volume = 30,
	Year = 1995}

@techreport{cecil,
	Author = {Craig Chambers},
	Institution = {University of Washington},
	Month = {March},
	Number = {Version 2.7},
	Title = {The {C}ecil Language: Specification \& {R}ationale},
	Year = 1997}

@incollection{cardelli-typeful-prog,
	Author = {Luca Cardelli},
	Booktitle = {Formal Descriptions of Programming Concepts},
	Editor = {E.J. Newbold and M. Paul},
	Publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
	Title = {Typeful Programming},
	Year = 1991}

@article{kingGeom,
	Author = {Jin Song Dong and Roger Duke},
	Journal = {Object Oriented Systems},
	Pages = {41-63},
	Title = {The Geometry of Object Containment},
	Volume = {2},
	Year = 1995}

@inproceedings{kent95,
	Author = {Stuart Kent and Ian Maung},
	Booktitle = {{TOOLS} {P}acific 18},
	Title = {Encapsulation and Aggregation},
	Year = 1995}

@techreport{griesemer:detection-of-side-effects:94,
	Author = {Robert Griesemer},
	Institution = {International {C}omputer {S}ience {Institute}, {Berkeley}},
	Month = aug,
	Number = {TR-94-032},
	Title = {Detection of {S}ide-{E}ffects in {F}unction {P}rocedures},
	Year = 1994}

@incollection{jones-muchnick:flow-analysis:81,
	Author = {Neil D. Jones and Steven Muchnick},
	Booktitle = {Program {F}low {A}nalysis: {Theory} and {A}pplications},
	Editor = {Steven Muchnick and Neil D. Jones},
	Publisher = {Prentice {H}all},
	Title = {Flow analysis and optimization of {LISP}-like structures},
	Year = {1981}}

@inproceedings{hendren-gao:designing-for-analyzability:92,
	Author = {Laurie J. Hendren and G. R. Gao},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the {IEEE} 1992 {I}nternational {C}onference on {P}rogramming {L}anguages},
	Month = apr,
	Title = {Designing programming languages for analyzability: {A} fresh look at pointer data structures},
	Year = 1992}

@inproceedings{reynolds,
	Author = {John C. Reynolds},
	Booktitle = {5th {ACM} Symposium on Principles of Programming Languages},
	Month = jan,
	Title = {Syntatic Control of Interference},
	Year = 1978}

@inproceedings{fx,
	Author = {John M. Lucassen and David K. Gifford},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the {E}ighteenth {A}nnual {ACM SIGACT-SIGPLAN} {S}ymposium on {P}rinciples of {P}rogramming {L}anguages},
	Month = jan,
	Title = {Polymorphic effect systems},
	Year = 1988}

@article{harms-weide,
	Author = {Douglas E. Harms and Bruce W. Weide},
	Journal = {{IEEE} {T}ransactions on {S}oftware {E}ngineering},
	Month = may,
	Number = 5,
	Title = {Copying and swapping: {I}nfluences on the design of reusable software components},
	Volume = 17,
	Year = 1991}

@book{patternbook,
	Author = {Erich Gamma and Richard Helm and Ralph E. Johnson and John Vlissides},
	Publisher = aw,
	Subtitle = {Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software},
	Title = {Design Patterns},
	Year = {1994}}

@article{landi92,
	Author = {William Landi},
	Journal = {{ACM} Letters on Programming Languages and Systems},
	Month = dec,
	Number = 4,
	Title = {Undecidability of Static Analysis},
	Volume = 1,
	Year = 1992}

@book{cplusplus,
	Author = {Bjarne Stroustrup},
	Keywords = {olit-oopl c++ obib(oopl)},
	Publisher = aw,
	Title = {The {C}++ Programming Language},
	Year = {1986}}

@article{epigrams,
	Author = {Alan Perlis},
	Journal = sigplan,
	Month = sep,
	Number = 9,
	Title = {Epigrams on programming},
	Volume = 17,
	Year = 1982}

@inproceedings{minsky96,
	Author = {Naftaly Minsky},
	Booktitle = ecoop,
	Month = jul,
	Title = {Towards Alias-Free Pointers},
	Year = 1996}

@article{tl81,
	Author = {Alan Borning},
	Journal = toplas,
	Month = oct,
	Number = 4,
	Title = {The Programming Language Aspects of {ThingLab}, a Constraint-Oriented Simulation Laboratory},
	Volume = 3,
	Year = 1981}

@phdthesis{wills92,
	Author = {Alan Cameron Wills},
	School = {University of Manchester},
	Title = {Formal Methods applied to Object-Oriented Programming},
	Year = {1992}}

@inproceedings{blakecook87,
	Author = {Edwin Blake and Steve Cook},
	Booktitle = ecoop,
	Title = {On Including Part Hierarchies in Object-Oriented Languages, with an Implementation in {S}malltalk},
	Year = {1987}}

@inproceedings{utting95,
	Author = {Mark Utting},
	Booktitle = {The Fourth Australasian Refinement Workshop},
	Title = {Reasoning about Aliasing},
	Year = 1995}

@inproceedings{grogono94,
	Address = {Montreal, Quebec},
	Author = {Peter Grogono and Patrice Chalin},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the Colloquium on Object Orientation in Databases and Software Engineering ({COODBSE'94})},
	Month = may,
	Title = {Copying, Sharing, and Aliasing},
	Year = 1994}

@inproceedings{Pizza,
	Author = {Martin Odersky and Philip Wadler},
	Booktitle = {Proc. 24th ACM Symposium on Principles of Programming Languages},
	Month = {January},
	Title = {{Pizza} into {Java}: Translating theory into practice},
	Year = 1997}

@incollection{accountNumberPlopD1,
	Author = {William C. Wake},
	Booktitle = {Pattern Languages of Program Design},
	Publisher = aw,
	Title = {Account Number: A Pattern},
	Volume = 1,
	Year = 1995}

@inproceedings{kjxacd97,
	Address = {Sydney, Australia},
	Author = {James Noble and John Potter},
	Booktitle = {Australian Software Engineering Conference},
	Publisher = {IEEE Press},
	Title = {Change Detection for Aggregate Objects with Aliasing},
	Year = 1997}

@inproceedings{aliaskilling99,
	Author = {John Tang Boyland},
	Booktitle = {IWAOOS},
	Title = {Alias Killing: Unique Variables Without Destructive Reads},
	Year = 1999}

@book{clu,
	Author = {Barbara Liskov and John V. Guttag},
	Publisher = {MIT Press/McGraw-Hill},
	Title = {Abstraction and Specification in Program Development},
	Year = {1986}}

@inproceedings{almeida97,
	Address = {Berlin, Germany},
	Author = {Paulo S{\'e}rgio Almeida},
	Booktitle = {{ECOOP}'97---Object-Oriented Programming, 11th European Conference},
	Editor = {Mehmet Aksit and Satoshi Matsuoka},
	Isbn = {ISBN 3-540-63089-9},
	Month = {9--13~} # jun,
	Pages = {32--59},
	Publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
	Series = {LNCS},
	Title = {Balloon Types: Controlling Sharing of State in Data Types},
	Volume = {1241},
	Year = {1997}}

@techreport{tip,
	Author = {Frank Tip and Chris Laffra and Peter F. Sweeney and David Streeter},
	Institution = {IBM Research Report RC 21321},
	Month = oct,
	Title = {Size matters: Reducing the size of {Java} class file archives},
	Year = 1998}

@inproceedings{coffeestrainer99,
	Abstract = {Usually, programming languages are used according to
                  conventions and rules. Although general rules can be
                  en-forced by lint-like tools, there is a large class
                  of rules that cannot be built into such tools
                  because they result from particular design decisions
                  or the reuse of existing software. This paper
                  presents a system, called CoffeeStrainer, that
                  statically checks programmer-specified constraints
                  on Java programs. Unlike previous approaches, which
                  only support constraints that apply to definitions
                  of types, CoffeeStrainer additionally supports a
                  second class of con-straints which apply to all uses
                  of a type. Both classes of constraints play an
                  important role for object-oriented class libraries
                  and frameworks, which often make assumptions on
                  their correct use.},
	Address = {Toulouse, France},
	Author = {Boris Bokowski},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of ESEC/FSE'99},
	Month = sep,
	Title = {Coffee{S}trainer: Statically-Checked Constraints on the Definition and Use of Types in {J}ava},
	Year = {1999}}

@book{gamma95:design_patterns,
	Author = {Erich Gamma and Richard Helm and Ralph Johnson and John Vlissides},
	Publisher = {Addison-Wesley},
	Title = {Design Patterns -- Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software},
	Year = 1995}

@inproceedings{maung,
	Author = {S.J.H. Kent and I. Maung},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of TOOLS PACIFIC 95 (TOOLS 18)},
	Publisher = {Prentice Hall},
	Title = {Encapsulation and {A}ggregation},
	Year = 1995}

@incollection{BNFB.ea,
	Address = {Berlin, Germany},
	Author = {Gus Lopez and Bjorn Freeman-Benson and Alan Borning},
	Booktitle = ecoop,
	Month = jul,
	Pages = {260--279},
	Publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
	Series = {LNCS},
	Title = {Constraints and Object Identity},
	Volume = {821},
	Year = {1994}}

@inproceedings{OTFAP,
	Author = {David G. Clarke and John M. Potter and James Noble},
	Booktitle = {OOPSLA '98 Conference Proceedings},
	Month = oct,
	Organization = {ACM},
	Pages = {48--64},
	Series = {ACM SIGPLAN Notices},
	Title = {Ownership Types for Flexible Alias Protection},
	Volume = {33(10)},
	Year = {1998}}

@incollection{thorup99:unifying_genericity,
	Address = {Berlin, Germany},
	Author = {Kresten Krab Thorup and Mads Torgersen},
	Booktitle = {ECOOP'99},
	Month = jun,
	Publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
	Series = {LNCS},
	Title = {Unifying Genericity -- Combining the Benefits of Virtual Types and Parameterized Classes},
	Year = 1999}

@incollection{GJ,
	Address = {Vancouver, BC},
	Author = {Gilad Bracha and Martin Odersky and David Stoutamire and Philip Wadler},
	Booktitle = oopsla,
	Month = oct,
	Publisher = {{ACM} {Press}},
	Title = {Making the Future Safe for the Past: Adding Genericity to the {Java} Programming Language},
	Year = 1998}

@incollection{PMG,
	Address = {Frankfurt, Germany},
	Author = {Boris Bokowski and Markus Dahm},
	Booktitle = {{JIT} {Proceedings}},
	Month = nov,
	Publisher = sv,
	Title = {Poor Man's Genericity for {Java}},
	Year = 1998}

@article{Hailpern-Ossher90,
	Annote = {27 references.},
	Author = {Brent Hailpern and Harold Ossher},
	Journal = {IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering},
	Key = {Hailpern \& Ossher},
	Month = nov,
	Note = {Also technical report RC 14016 (\#69273), IBM Research Division, T. J. Watson Research Center, March, 1990},
	Number = {11},
	Pages = {1247--1257},
	Title = {Extending Objects to Support Multiple Interfaces and Access Control},
	Volume = {16},
	Year = {1990}}

@article{Czajkowski:1998:JRA,
	Acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
	Author = {Grzegorz Czajkowski and Thorsten von Eicken},
	Bibdate = {Thu Nov 5 06:59:51 MST 1998},
	Coden = {SINODQ},
	Issn = {0362-1340},
	Journal = {ACM SIG{\-}PLAN Notices},
	Month = oct,
	Number = {10},
	Pages = {21--35},
	Title = {{JRes}: {A} Resource Accounting Interface for {Java}},
	Volume = {33},
	Year = {1998}}

@article{JonesLiskov,
	Author = {A. Jones and B. Liskov},
	Journal = {Communications of the ACM},
	Month = May,
	Pages = {358-367},
	Title = {A Language Extension for Expressing Constraints on Data Access},
	Volume = {21(5)},
	Year = {1978}}

@inproceedings{Synder85,
	Address = {Portland, OR},
	Author = {A. Synder},
	Booktitle = {Proc. of Object Oriented Programming, Systems, Languages and Applications},
	Editor = {{ACM}},
	Title = {Encapsulation and Inheritance in Object-Oriented Programming Languages},
	Year = {1986}}

@inproceedings{gong98,
	Address = {Berlin, Germany},
	Author = {L. Gong},
	Booktitle = {Mobile Agents and Security},
	Editor = {G. Vigna},
	Isbn = {3-540-55188-3},
	Month = aug,
	Pages = {1--23},
	Publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
	Series = {LNCS},
	Title = {Guarding Objects},
	Volume = {576},
	Year = {1998}}

@inproceedings{JVM01*127,
	Address = {Berkley, USA},
	Author = {David Hovemeyer and William Pugh},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the {$Java{\^{TM}}$} Virtual Machine Research and Technology Symposium ({JVM}-01)},
	Month = apr # {~23--24},
	Pages = {127--140},
	Publisher = {USENIX Association},
	Title = {More Efficient Network Class Loading Through Bundling},
	Year = {2001}}

@inproceedings{sirer,
	Address = {Kiawah Island Resort, South Carolina},
	Author = {Emin {G\"un Sirer} and Robert Grimm and {Arthur J.} Gregory and and {Brian N.} Bershad},
	Bootitle = {Proceedings of the 17th ACM Symposium on Operating Systems Principles},
	Month = dec,
	Pages = {202--216},
	Title = {Design and implementation of a distributed virtual machine for networked computers},
	Year = 1999}

@article{Bollella00,
	Author = {Greg Bollella and James Gosling},
	Journal = {IEEE Computer},
	Keywords = {special issue: distributed real time systems, RTJEG,},
	Month = jun,
	Number = {6},
	Pages = {47--54},
	Title = {The Real-Time Specification for Java},
	Volume = {33},
	Year = {2000}}

@techreport{Gall97,
	Abstract = {The World Wide Web has evolved from a distributed
                 hypertext system to a platform-independent graphical
                 user interface that integrates many network services.
                 So far, its technology has restricted it mainly to
                 applications for information retrieval. As networks
                 become ubiquitious and more and more users have a
                 permanent connection, there is an increasing demand for
                 other network services, such as real-time data feeds,
                 group communication, and teleconferencing. So far,
                 these services have been provided by various
                 proprietary software systems, which were hard to set up
                 and use, and thus not very successful. Integrating
                 real-time group communication services into the World
                 Wide Web is a natural way to make them more accessible
                 and will take the Web a step further on its way to
                 becoming the universal network application. In this
                 paper, we describe functionalities required for these
                 services and present an implementation based on Sun
                 Microsystem's Java programming language. We focus on
                 the high-level functionalities and abstractions, but
                 also describe an object-oriented programming model for
                 group communication systems.},
	Address = {Univ. of Erlangen-Nuernberg, IMMD IV},
	Author = {Ulrich Gall and Franz J. Hauck},
	Note = {english},
	Number = {TR-I4-96-08},
	Pages = {9},
	Title = {Promondia: {A} Java-Based Framework for Real-Time Group Communication in the Web},
	Type = {Techn. Report},
	Url = {ftp://ftp.informatik.uni-erlangen.de/pub/papers/byyear/96/TR-I4-96-08.ps.Z},
	Year = {1997}}

@article{Pang:2001:SSR,
	Acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
	Author = {James C. Pang and Gholamali C. Shoja and Eric G. Manning},
	Bibdate = {Sat Feb 2 13:03:43 MST 2002},
	Coden = {LNCSD9},
	Issn = {0302-9743},
	Journal = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science},
	Pages = {86--??},
	Title = {Supporting Soft Real-Time Tasks and {QoS} on the {Java} Platform},
	Url = {http://link.springer-ny.com/link/service/series/0558/bibs/2026/20260086.htm; http://link.springer-ny.com/link/service/series/0558/papers/2026/20260086.pdf},
	Volume = {2026},
	Year = {2001}}

@inproceedings{RTSS97*166,
	Address = {Washington - Brussels - Tokyo},
	Author = {A. Miyoshi and T. Kitayama and H. Tokuda},
	Booktitle = {The 18th {IEEE} Real-Time Systems Symposium ({RTSS} '97)},
	Isbn = {0-8186-8268-X},
	Month = dec,
	Pages = {166--175},
	Publisher = {IEEE},
	Title = {Implementation and Evaluation of Real-Time Java Threads},
	Year = {1997}}

@article{Petit-Bianco:1998:JGC,
	Abstract = {The software specifications and hardware constraints
                 of real-time systems result in unique problems when it
                 comes to garbage collection. Alexandre examines the
                 issues involved in choosing a garbage-collection scheme
                 for real-time systems, then describes the garbage
                 collector used by Kaffe, a freely available Java
                 virtual machine. Additional resources include kaffe.zip
                 (executable).},
	Acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
	Author = {Alexandre Petit-Bianco},
	Bibdate = {Fri Sep 11 09:12:05 MDT 1998},
	Coden = {DDJOEB},
	Issn = {1044-789X},
	Journal = {Dr. Dobb's Journal of Software Tools},
	Month = oct,
	Number = {10},
	Pages = {20--22, 24, 26--29},
	Title = {{Java} Garbage Collection For Real-Time Systems},
	Url = {http://www.ddj.com/ftp/1998/1998_10/kaffe.zip},
	Volume = {23},
	Year = {1998}}

@inproceedings{RTAS00*266,
	Address = {Washington - Brussels - Tokyo},
	Author = {D. de Niz and R. Rajkumar},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the Sixth {IEEE} Real-Time Technology and Applications Symposium ({RTAS} '00)},
	Isbn = {0-7695-0713-X},
	Month = jun,
	Pages = {266},
	Publisher = {IEEE},
	Title = {Chocolate: {A} Reservation-Based Real-Time Java Environment on Windows/{NT}},
	Year = {2000}}

@book{Dibble:2002:RTJ,
	Acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
	Address = {Englewood Cliffs, NJ 07632, USA},
	Author = {Peter C. Dibble},
	Bibdate = {Mon Apr 29 16:58:06 2002},
	Isbn = {0-13-028261-8},
	Lccn = {QA76.73.J38 D53 2002},
	Pages = {352 (est.)},
	Price = {US\$49.99},
	Publisher = {P T R Pren{\-}tice-Hall},
	Title = {Real-Time {Java} Platform Programming},
	Url = {http://www.phptr.com/ptrbooks/ptr_0130282618.html},
	Year = {2002}}

@inproceedings{dete02,
	Address = {Berlin},
	Author = {Morgan Deters and Ron Cytron},
	Booktitle = {{ISMM'02} Proceedings of the Third International Symposium on Memory Management},
	Editor = {David Detlefs},
	Month = jun,
	Pages = {25--35},
	Publisher = {ACM Press},
	Series = {ACM SIGPLAN Notices},
	Title = {Automated Discovery of Scoped Memory Regions for Real-Time {J}ava},
	Year = {2002}}

@book{BollellaGosling00a,
	Author = {Greg Bollella and James Gosling and Benjamin Brosgol and Peter Dibble and Steve Furr and Mark Turnbull},
	Month = jun,
	Publisher = {Addison-Wesley},
	Title = {The Real-Time Specification for Java},
	Year = {2000}}

@article{nils96,
	Author = {Kelvin Nilsen},
	Journal = {Java Developer's Journal},
	Month = jun,
	Number = {1},
	Pages = {44},
	Title = {Issues in the Design and Implementation of Real-Time {J}ava},
	Url = {http://www.sys-con.com/java/iss1/real.htm},
	Volume = {1},
	Year = {1996}}

@inproceedings{wonka02b,
	Address = {Edegem (Belgium)},
	Author = {Dries Bytaert and Frans Arickx and and Steve Buytaert and Johan Vos},
	Booktitle = {PACT symposium},
	Month = {September},
	Title = {A selective runtime compiler for the Wonka {Vitual Machine}},
	Year = 2002}

@book{barnes,
	Author = {J. Barnes},
	Publisher = {Addison Wesley},
	Title = {High integrity Ada: the SPARK approach},
	Year = 1997}

@inproceedings{kwon02,
	Author = {Jagun Kwon and Andy Wellings and Steve King},
	Booktitle = {Joint ACM Java Grande/ISCOPE Conference},
	Month = {November},
	Title = {{Ravenscar-Java}: A High Integrity Profile for Real-Time {Java}},
	Year = 2002}

@inproceedings{brosgol02,
	Author = {{Benjamin M.} Brosgol and Scott Robbins and {Ricardo J.} {Hassan II}},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium on Object-Oriented Real-Time Distributed Computing (ISORC'02)},
	Title = {Asynchronous Transfer of Control in the {Real-Time Specification for Java}},
	Year = 2002}

@inproceedings{bate02,
	Author = {Iain Bate and G. Bernat and Peter Puscher},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium on Object-Oriented Real-Time Distributed Computing (ISORC'02)},
	Title = {{Jave Virtual-Machine} Support for Portable {Worst-Case Execution-Time Analysis}},
	Year = 2002}

@inproceedings{corsaro02,
	Author = {Angelo Corsaro and Doug Schmidt},
	Booktitle = {The 4th International Symposium on Distributed Objects and Applications (DOA'02)},
	Title = {The Design and Performace of the {jRate Real-Time Java} Implementation},
	Year = 2002}

@article{Brosgol:2001:CJR,
	Author = {Benjamin Brosgol and Brian Dobbing},
	Bibdate = {Sat Feb 2 13:04:00 MST 2002},
	Coden = {LNCSD9},
	Issn = {0302-9743},
	Journal = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science},
	Pages = {68--??},
	Title = {Can {Java{\TM}} Meet Its Real-Time Deadlines?},
	Url = {http://link.springer-ny.com/link/service/series/0558/bibs/2043/20430068.htm; http://link.springer-ny.com/link/service/series/0558/papers/2043/20430068.pdf},
	Volume = {2043},
	Year = {2001}}

@article{Try:1999:JJR,
	Abstract = {Jbed, a small, fast Java Virtual Machine for embedded
                 real-time systems, includes a complete real-time
                 operating system. Additional resources include jbed.txt
                 (listings) and jbed.zip (source code).},
	Author = {J{\"o}rgen Tryggvesson and Torbj{\"o}rn Mattsson and Hansruedi Heeb},
	Bibdate = {Thu Nov 9 06:25:05 MST 2000},
	Coden = {DDJOEB},
	Issn = {1044-789X},
	Journal = {Dr. Dobb's Journal of Software Tools},
	Month = nov,
	Number = {11},
	Pages = {78, 80, 82--84, 86},
	Title = {{Jbed}: {Java} For Real-Time Systems},
	Url = {http://www.ddj.com/ftp/1999/1999_11/jbed.txt; http://www.ddj.com/ftp/1999/1999_11/jbed.zip},
	Volume = {24},
	Year = {1999}}

@inproceedings{issarny02,
	Author = {Teresa Higuera-Toledano and Valerie Issarny},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium on Object-Oriented Real-Time Distributed Computing (ISORC'02)},
	Title = {Analyzing the Performance of Memory Management in RTSJ},
	Year = 2002}

@inproceedings{Berto,
	Address = {Beaune, France},
	Author = {Edy Bertolissi and Clive Preece},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the 10th IEEE Real Time Conference},
	Month = sep,
	Pages = {22 -- 26},
	Title = {Java in Real-time Applications},
	Year = {1997}}

@inproceedings{RosRos98,
	Abstract = {This paper proposes an alternative solution by
                 splitting the verification process in two parts: an
                 off-card part, where sufficient verification
                 information is constructed as a verification
                 certificate to be sent together with the bytecode, and
                 an on-card part, where the remaining verification is
                 performed as a check of the code and the certificate,
                 the lightweight verification, which has the advantage
                 of running in a reasonable almost constant space (and
                 almost linear time). We give a formal specification of
                 the two components for a subset of Sun's Java Card
                 Language, sufficiently strong to write non-trivial
                 down-loadable applets. We prove that the technique is
                 tamper-proof by showing it both sound and complete with
                 respect to standard bytecode verification. Finally we
                 argue that our approach is safer than usual bytecode
                 verification because it isolates a non-complex
                 safety-critical component, the bytecode checker.},
	Added-By = {gka},
	Author = {E. Rose and K. H. Rose},
	Booktitle = {Workshop ``Formal Underpinnings of the Java Paradigm'', {OOPSLA'98}},
	Month = oct,
	Title = {Lightweight Bytecode Verification},
	Url = {ftp://ftp.ens-lyon.fr/pub/users/LIP/krisrose/PAPERS/roses-fuj98.ps.gz},
	Year = {1998}}

@article{Leroy:2001:CBV,
	Acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
	Author = {Xavier Leroy},
	Bibdate = {Sat Feb 2 13:05:42 MST 2002},
	Coden = {LNCSD9},
	Issn = {0302-9743},
	Journal = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science},
	Title = {On-Card Bytecode Verification for {Java} Card},
	Url = {http://link.springer-ny.com/link/service/series/0558/bibs/2140/21400150.htm; http://link.springer-ny.com/link/service/series/0558/papers/2140/21400150.pdf},
	Volume = {2140},
	Year = {2001}}

@article{Leroy:2002:BVJ,
	Author = {Xavier Leroy},
	Day = {10},
	Issn = {0038-0644},
	Journal = {Soft\-ware Prac\-tice and Experience},
	Month = apr,
	Number = {4},
	Pages = {319--340},
	Title = {Bytecode verification on {Java} smart cards},
	Url = {http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/fulltext?ID=91016433&;PLACEBO=IE.pdf; http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/abstract/91016433/START},
	Volume = {32},
	Year = {2002}}

@inproceedings{Engler1994,
	Author = {Dawson R. Engler and M. Frans Kaashoek and James O'Toole},
	Booktitle = {Symposium on Operating Systems Principles},
	Pages = {251-266},
	Title = {Exokernel: An Operating System Architecture for Application-Level Resource Management},
	Url = {citeseer.ist.psu.edu/engler95exokernel.html},
	Year = {1995}}

@unpublished{timesys-ri,
	Author = {{TimeSys} {Corporation}},
	Month = nov,
	Note = {Available from \verb+http://www.timesys.com+},
	Title = {{RTSJ} Reference Implementation},
	Year = 2002}

@article{whaley99compositional,
	Author = {John Whaley and Martin Rinard},
	Journal = {ACM SIG{\-}PLAN Notices},
	Number = {10},
	Pages = {187--206},
	Title = {Compositional pointer and escape analysis for {Java} programs},
	Url = {citeseer.nj.nec.com/whaley99compositional.html},
	Volume = {34},
	Year = {1999}}

@inproceedings{choi99escape,
	Author = {Jong-Deok Choi and Manish Gupta and Mauricio J. Serrano and Vugranam C. Sreedhar and Samuel P. Midkiff},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the Conference on Object-Oriented Programming Systems, Languages, and Applications ({OOPSLA})},
	Pages = {1-19},
	Title = {Escape Analysis for Java},
	Url = {citeseer.nj.nec.com/choi99escape.html},
	Year = {1999}}

@phdthesis{clad-thesis,
	Author = {David Clarke},
	School = {School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia},
	Title = {Object Ownership and Containment},
	Year = 2001}

@inproceedings{clad:oopsla,
	Author = {David Clarke and John Potter and James Noble},
	Booktitle = oopsla,
	Title = {Ownership Types for Flexible Alias Protection},
	Year = 1998}

@inproceedings{puschner,
	Author = {Peter Puschner and Andy Wellings},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the 4th IEEE International Symposium on Object-oriented Real-time distributed Computing (ISORC)},
	Title = {A Profile for High Integrity Real-Time Java Programs},
	Year = 2001}

@inproceedings{kwon04,
	Author = {Jagun Kwon and Andy Wellings},
	Booktitle = {OTM Workshops 2004, LNCS 3292, pp. 33--345},
	Title = {Memory Management Based on Method Invocation in {RTSJ}},
	Year = 2004}

@article{1998:toplas:tofte,
	Abstract = {Region Inference is a program analysis which infers
                 lifetimes of values. It is targeted at a runtime model
                 in which the store consists of a stack of regions and
                 memory management predominantly consists of pushing and
                 popping regions, rather than performing garbage
                 collection. Region Inference has previously been
                 specified by a set of inference rules which formalize
                 when regions may be allocated and deallocated. This
                 article presents an algorithm which implements the
                 specification. We prove that the algorithm is sound
                 with respect to the region inference rules and that it
                 always terminates even though the region inference
                 rules permit polymorphic recursion in regions. The
                 algorithm is the result of several years of experiments
                 with region inference algorithms in the ML Kit, a
                 compiler from Standard ML to assembly language. We
                 report on practical experience with the algorithm and
                 give hints on how to implement it.},
	Annote = {incomplete},
	Author = {Mads Tofte and Lars Birkedal},
	Journal = {ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems},
	Month = jul,
	Number = {4},
	Pages = {724--767},
	Publisher = {ACM Press},
	Title = {A Region Inference Algorithm},
	Volume = {20},
	Year = {1998}}

@inproceedings{MuellerPoetzsch-Heffter99a,
	Author = {M{\"u}ller, P. and Poetzsch-Heffter, A.},
	Booktitle = {Programming Languages and Fundamentals of Programming},
	Editor = {Poetzsch-Heffter, A. and Meyer, J.},
	Organization = {Fernuniversit\"at Hagen},
	Title = {Universes: A Type System for Controlling Representation Exposure},
	Year = 1999}

@inproceedings{joe1,
	Author = {David Clarke and Sophia Drossopoulou},
	Booktitle = oopsla,
	Month = {November},
	Title = {Ownership, Encapsulation and the Disjointness of Type and Effect},
	Year = 2002}

@techreport{boyapati:otoodb,
	Author = {Chandrasekhar Boyapati and Barbara Liskov and Liuba Shrira},
	Institution = {Laboratory for Computer Science, MIT},
	Month = {July},
	Number = {MIT-LCS-TR-858},
	Title = {Ownership Types and Safe Lazy Upgrades in Object-Oriented Databases},
	Year = 2002}

@inproceedings{aldrich:aliasjava,
	Author = {Jonathan Aldrich and Valentin Kostadinov and Craig Chambers},
	Booktitle = oopsla,
	Month = {November},
	Title = {Alias Annotations for Program Understanding},
	Year = 2002}

@inproceedings{clarke:wrigstad:fool2003,
	Address = {New Orleans, LA},
	Author = {David Clarke and Tobias Wrigstad},
	Booktitle = {10th Workshop on Foundations of Object-Oriented Languages (FOOL)},
	Month = {January},
	Title = {External Uniqueness},
	Year = {2003}}

@unpublished{clarke:wrigstad:ecoop2003,
	Author = {David Clarke and Tobias Wrigstad},
	Month = {November},
	Note = {Available from \verb+http://www.cs.uu.nl+},
	Title = {External Uniqueness is Unique Enough},
	Year = {2002}}

@mastersthesis{yates,
	Author = {Bennett Norton Yates},
	Month = {August},
	School = {Department of Computer and Information Science and the Graduate School of the University of Oregon},
	Title = {A Type-and-Effect System for Encapsulating Memory in {J}ava},
	Year = 1999}

@mastersthesis{regionsinjava,
	Author = {M. V. Christiansen and P. Velschrow},
	Month = {May},
	School = {Department of Computer Science (DIKU), University of Copenhagen},
	Title = {Region-based memory management in {J}ava},
	Year = 1998}

@inproceedings{cyclone-multi-threaded,
	Author = {Dan Grossman},
	Booktitle = {ACM Workshop on Types in Language Design and Implementation},
	Month = {January},
	Title = {Type-safe Multithreading in {C}yclone},
	Year = 2003}

@inproceedings{salcianu:rinard,
	Address = {Snowbird, Utah},
	Author = {Alexandru Salcianu and Martin C. Rinard},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the 8th ACM SIGPLAN Symposium on Principles and Practice of Parallel Programming},
	Month = {June},
	Title = {Pointer and Escape Analysis for Multithreaded Programs},
	Year = 2001}

@inproceedings{ejbct,
	Address = {Anaheim, CA},
	Author = {Dave Clarke and Michael Richmond and James Noble},
	Booktitle = oopsla,
	Month = nov,
	Title = {Saving the World from Bad {Beans}: Deployment-time Confinement Checking},
	Year = 2003}

@book{IB-A965058,
	Address = {Reading, MA},
	Author = {D. Lea},
	Isbn = {0-201-69581-2},
	Publisher = {Addison-Wesley},
	Title = {Concurrent Programming in Java},
	Year = {1997}}

@book{Levy84,
	Acknowledgement = ack-nj,
	Bibdate = {Mon Sep 12 08:08:01 1994},
	Editor = {H. Levy},
	Isbn = {0-932376-22-3},
	Lccn = {QA76.66 .S87 1991},
	Publisher = {Digital Press},
	Title = {Capability Based Computer Systems},
	Year = {1984}}

@inproceedings{tmr:sparse,
	Author = {A. Tanenbaum and S. Mullender and R. van Renesse},
	Booktitle = {The 6th International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems},
	Month = may,
	Title = {{U}sing {S}parse {C}apabilities in a {D}istributed {O}perating {S}ystem},
	Year = {1986}}

@techreport{hawblitzel+:protection-domains-97,
	Author = {C. Hawblitzel and C. Chang and G. Czajkowski and D. Hu and T. {von Eicken}},
	Entered = {15 June 1998},
	Institution = {Cornell University, Department of Computer Science},
	Number = {97-1660},
	Title = {Implementing {M}ultiple {P}rotection {D}omains in {J}ava},
	Type = {Technical Report},
	Year = 1997}

@inproceedings{Wallach+97,
	Abstract = { See my directory.},
	Annote = {The authors describe three security techniques for JVM.},
	Author = {D. Wallach and D. Balfanz and D. Dean and E. Felton},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the 16th Symposium on Operating System Principles},
	Email = {{lepreau|baford|mike}} # cs.utah.edu,
	Keywords = {OS, mobicomp, recursive virtual machine},
	Title = {Extensible {S}ecurity {A}rchitectures for {J}ava},
	Web = {http://www.cs.utah.edu/projects/flux},
	Year = 1997}

@incollection{Kiczales-etal01c,
	Author = {Gregor Kiczales and Erik Hilsdale and Jim Hugunin and Mik Kersten and Jeffrey Palm and William G. Griswold},
	Booktitle = {ECOOP 2001 --- Object-Oriented Programming 15th European Conference, Budapest Hungary},
	Month = jun,
	Publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
	Title = {An Overview of {AspectJ}},
	Year = {2001}}

@inproceedings{SSP99*2,
	Author = {T. Fraser and L. Badger and M. Feldman},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the 1999 {IEEE} Symposium on Security and Privacy ({SSP} '99)},
	Month = may,
	Title = {Hardening {COTS} Software with Generic Software Wrappers},
	Year = {1999}}

@inproceedings{sosp93*80,
	Author = {M. B. Jones},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the 14th Symposium on Operating Systems Principles},
	Isbn = {0-89791-632-8},
	Month = dec,
	Title = {Interposition Agents: Transparently Interposing User Code at the System Interface},
	Year = {1993}}

@book{AG98,
	Address = {Reading, MA},
	Author = {K. Arnold and J. Gosling and D. Holmes},
	Edition = {Third},
	Key = {Arnold \& Gosling},
	Publisher = {Addison-Wesley},
	Title = {The {Java} Programming Language Third Edition},
	Year = {2000}}

@article{BAL+90,
	Abstract = {The SAME THREAD is moved to the new address space.
                 This makes invocation really easy to implement: 1.
                 system call enters OS. Stuff goes on the kernel stack
                 2. find the thing being invoked (permission checks if
                 needed) 3. push a frame on to the threads call-chain 4.
                 change the memory management hardware to the new
                 addressing environment 5. fiddle the return address on
                 the kernel stack to be the entry point in the invoked
                 address space/object 6. return from the sytem call},
	Author = {B. N. Bershad and T. Anderson and E. Lazowska and H. Levy},
	Journal = {ACM Transactions on Computer Systems},
	Keywords = {distributed threads, RPC, LRPC inter-address space communication},
	Month = feb,
	Number = {1},
	Pages = {37--55},
	Title = {Lightweight Remote Procedure Call},
	Volume = {8},
	Year = {1990}}

@inproceedings{BHL00,
	Address = {Berkeley},
	Author = {G. Back and W. H. Hsieh and J. Lepreau},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the 4th Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation ({OSDI}-00)},
	Month = oct,
	Title = {Processes in {KaffeOS}: Isolation, Resource Management, and Sharing in Java},
	Year = {2000}}

@inproceedings{BG97,
	Added-By = {gka},
	Author = {D. Balfanz and L. Gong},
	Booktitle = {18th International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems ({ICDCS}'98)},
	Month = may,
	Title = {Experience with Secure Multi-Processing in {Java}},
	Year = {1998}}

@article{BN84,
	Abstract = {Remote procedure calls (RPC) appear to be a useful
                 paradigm for providing communication across a network
                 between programs written in a high-level language. This
                 paper describes a package providing a remote procedure
                 call facility, the options that face the designer of
                 such a package, and the decisions we made. We describe
                 the overall structure of our RPC mechanism, our
                 facilities for binding RPC clients, the transport
                 level, communication protocol, and some performance
                 measurements. We include descriptions of some
                 optimizations used to achieve high performance and to
                 minimize the load on server machines that have many
                 clients.},
	Author = {A. D. Birrell and B. J. Nelson},
	Bibdate = {Thu Jan 15 14:59:58 1987},
	Checked = {yes},
	Journal = {ACM Transactions on Computer Systems},
	Key = {Birrell \& Nelson},
	Month = feb,
	Number = {1},
	Owner = {manning},
	Pages = {39--59},
	Title = {Implementing Remote Procedure Calls},
	Volume = {2},
	Year = {1984}}

@inproceedings{BR00,
	Author = {C. Bryce and C. Razafimahefa},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the Conference on Object-Oriented Programming, Systems, Languages and Application ({OOPSLA}-00)},
	Month = oct # {~15--19},
	Title = {An approach to safe object sharing.},
	Year = {2000}}

@inproceedings{OOPSLA00*354,
	Author = {G. Czajkowski},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the Conference on Object-Oriented Programming, Systems, Languages and Application ({OOPSLA}-00)},
	Month = oct # {~15--19},
	Title = {Application isolation in the {JavaTM} Virtual Machine.},
	Year = {2000}}

@inproceedings{VonEicken:1999:JKC,
	Author = {T. {Von Eicken} and C.-C. Chang and G. Czajkowski and C. Hawblitzel},
	Booktitle = {Secure Internet Programming},
	Coden = {LNCSD9},
	Issn = {0302-9743},
	Keywords = {distributed object security; ECOOP; EWDOS; mobile object systems; object-oriented; programming; secure Internet programming},
	Pages = {369--394},
	Series = {LNCS},
	Title = {{J-Kernel}: {A} Capability-Based Operating System for {Java}},
	Volume = {1603},
	Year = {1999}}

@article{DBC+00,
	Author = {Dillenberger and W. and Bordwekar and R. and Clark and C. and Durand and D. and Emmes and D. and Gohda and O. and Howard and S. and Oliver and M. and Samuel and F. and St. John, R.},
	Journal = {IBM Systems Journal},
	Number = 1,
	Title = {Building a {J}ava virtual machine for server applications: The {JVM on OS/390}},
	Volume = 39,
	Year = 2000}

@book{Gong99,
	Address = {Reading, MA},
	Author = {L. Gong},
	Publisher = {Ad{\-d}i{\-s}on-Wes{\-l}ey},
	Title = {Inside {Java 2} platform security: architecture, {API} design, and implementation},
	Year = {1999}}

@inproceedings{HCC+98,
	Address = {New Orleans, LA},
	Author = {C. Hawblitzel and C. Chang and G. Czajkowski and D. Hu and T. von Eicken},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the {USENIX} 1998 Annual Technical Conference},
	Month = jun,
	Title = {Implementing Multiple Protection Domains in {Java}},
	Year = {1998}}

@misc{hija,
	Author = {HIJA},
	Title = {European {High Integrity Java Project}. {\tt www.hija.info.}},
	Year = 2006}

@misc{bea,
	Author = {BEA},
	Title = {WebLogic Real Time. {\tt www.bea.com.}},
	Year = 2006}

@misc{JCP01,
	Author = {{Java Community Process}},
	Title = {JSR-121: Application Isolation API Specification, http://jcp.org/jsr/detail/121.jsp},
	Year = 2001}

@inproceedings{KWB+98,
	Address = {Berkeley},
	Author = {V. Krishnaswamy and D. Walther and S. Bhola and E. Bommaiah and G. Riley and B. Topol and M. Ahamad},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the 4th Conference on Object-Oriented Technologies and Systems ({COOTS}-98)},
	Month = apr,
	Title = {Efficient Implementations of {Java} Remote Method Invocation},
	Year = {1998}}

@inproceedings{LB98,
	Added-By = {gka},
	Author = {Sheng Liang and Gilad Bracha},
	Booktitle = {Conference on Object-oriented programming, systems, languages, and applications (OOPSLA'98)},
	Title = {Dynamic class loading in the {Java} virtual machine},
	Year = {1998}}

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@article{child03,
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@article{DBLP:journals/rts/WellingsP03,
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@article{Kwon05,
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	Number = {5-6},
	Pages = {681-713},
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@inproceedings{DBLP:conf/otm/BollellaLMW03,
	Author = {Gregory Bollella and Krystal Loh and Graham McKendry and Thomas Wozenilek},
	Booktitle = {Workshop on Java Technologies for Real-Time and Embedded Systems (JTRES), OTM Workshops},
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	Pages = {534-549},
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@inproceedings{BenowitzN03a,
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	Year = {2003}}

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	Year = {2003}}

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	Year = {2003}}

@inproceedings{KwonW04,
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@inproceedings{SharpRTAS03,
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	Author = {David C. Sharp and Edward Pla and Kenn R. Luecke and Ricardo J. Hassan},
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	Ee = {http://csdl.computer.org/comp/proceedings/rtas/2003/1956/00/19560030abs.htm},
	Pages = {30--36},
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	Year = {2003}}

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	Ee = {http://computer.org/proceedings/doa/1300/13000003.pdf},
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