text:
05}},
}

@article{ ISI:000375965600013,
Author = {Piiroinen, Saija and Goulson, Dave},
Title = {{Chronic neonicotinoid pesticide exposure and parasite stress
   differentially affects learning in honeybees and bumblebees}},
Journal = {{PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES}},
Year = {{2016}},
Volume = {{283}},
Number = {{1828}},
Month = {{APR 13}},
Abstract = {{Learning and memory are crucial functions which enable insect
   pollinators to efficiently locate and extract floral rewards. Exposure
   to pesticides or infection by parasites may cause subtle but
   ecologically important changes in cognitive functions of pollinators.
   The potential interactive effects of these stressors on learning and
   memory have not yet been explored. Furthermore, sensitivity to stressors
   may differ between species, but few studies have compared responses in
   different species. Here, we show that chronic exposure to field
   realistic levels of the neonicotinoid clothianidin impaired olfactory
   learning acquisition in honeybees, leading to potential impacts on
   colony fitness, but not in bumblebees. Infection by the microsporidian
   parasite Nosema ceranae slightly impaired learning in honeybees, but no
   interactive effects were observed. Nosema did not infect bumblebees (3\%
   infection success). Nevertheless, Nosema-treated bumblebees had a
   slightly lower rate of learning than controls, but faster learning in
   combination with neonicotinoid exposure. This highlights the potential
   for complex interactive effects of stressors on learning. Our results
   underline that one cannot readily extrapolate findings from one bee
   species to others. This has important implications for regulatory risk
   assessments which generally use honeybees as a model for all bees.}},
Publisher = {{ROYAL SOC}},
Address = {{6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND}},
Type = {{Article}},
Language = {{English}},
Affiliation = {{Piiroinen, S (Corresponding Author), Univ Sussex, Sch Life Sci, Brighton BN1 9QG, E Sussex, England.
   Piiroinen, Saija; Goulson, Dave, Univ Sussex, Sch Life Sci, Brighton BN1 9QG, E Sussex, England.}},
DOI = {{10.1098/rspb.2016.0246}},
Article-Number = {{20160246}},
ISSN = {{0962-8452}},
EISSN = {{1471-2954}},
Keywords = {{Apis mellifera; Bombus terrestris; clothianidin; Nosema ceranae;
   pollination; proboscis extension response}},
Keywords-Plus = {{NOSEMA-CERANAE MICROSPORIDIA; BEE APIS-MELLIFERA; PROBOSCIS EXTENSION;
   BOMBUS-TERRESTRIS; FORAGING SUCCESS; WILD POLLINATORS; MEMORY;
   MECHANISMS; INFECTION; FORAGERS}},
Research-Areas = {{Life Sciences \& Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences \&
   Ecology; Evolutionary Biology}},
Web-of-Science-Categories  = {{Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology}},
Author-Email = {{saija.p.piiroinen@gmail.com}},
ResearcherID-Numbers = {{Goulson, David/A-2462-2010}},
ORCID-Numbers = {{Goulson, David/0000-0003-4421-2876}},
Funding-Acknowledgement = {{Jenny and Antti Wihuri Foundation; Foundation's Post Doc Pool}},
Funding-Text = {{This study was funded by Jenny and Antti Wihuri Foundation and the
   Foundation's Post Doc Pool.}},
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Number-of-Cited-References = {{57}},
Times-Cited = {{32}},
Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {{1}},
Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {{94}},
Journal-ISO = {{Proc. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci.}},
Doc-Delivery-Number = {{DL9LU}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:000375965600013}},
OA = {{Green Published, Bronze}},
DA = {{2020-11-05}},
}

@article{ ISI:000375965600008,
Author = {Ziska, Lewis H. and Pettis, Jeffery S. and Edwards, Joan and Hancock,
   Jillian E. and Tomecek, Martha B. and Clark, Andrew and Dukes, Jeffrey
   S. and Loladze, Irakli and Polley, H. Wayne},
Title = {{Rising atmospheric CO2 is reducing the protein concentration of a floral
   pollen source essential for North American bees}},
Journal = {{PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES}},
Year = {{2016}},
Volume = {{283}},
Number = {{1828}},
Month = {{APR 13}},
Abstract = {{At present, there is substantive evidence that the nutritional content
   of agriculturally important food crops will decrease in response to
   rising levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide, C-a. However, whether
   C-a-induced declines in nutritional quality are also occurring for
   pollinator food sources is unknown. Flowering late in the season,
   goldenrod (Solidago spp.) pollen is a widely available autumnal food
   source commonly acknowledged by apiarists to be essential to native bee
   (e.g. Bombus spp.) and honeybee (Apis mellifera) health and winter
   survival. Using floral collections obtained from the Smithsonian Natural
   History Museum, we quantified C-a-induced temporal changes in pollen
   protein concentration of Canada goldenrod (Solidago canadensis), the
   most widespread Solidago taxon, from hundreds of samples collected
   throughout the USA and southern Canada over the period 1842-2014 (i.e. a
   C-a from approx. 280 to 398 ppm). In addition, we conducted a 2 year in
   situ trial of S. canadensis populations grown along a continuous C-a
   gradient from approximately 280 to 500 ppm. The historical data
   indicated a strong significant correlation between recent increases in
   Ca and reductions in pollen protein concentration (r(2) = 0.81).
   Experimental data confirmed this decrease in pollen protein
   concentration, and indicated that it would be ongoing as C-a continues
   to rise in the near term, i.e. to MO ppm (r(2) = 0.88). While additional
   data are needed to quantify the subsequent effects of reduced protein
   concentration for Canada goldenrod on bee health and population
   stability, these results are the first to indicate that increasing C-a
   can reduce protein content of a floral pollen source widely used by
   North American bees.}},
Publisher = {{ROYAL SOC}},
Address = {{6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND}},
Type = {{Article}},
Language = {{English}},
Affiliation = {{Ziska, LH (Corresponding Author), USDA ARS, Crop Syst \& Global Change Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
   Ziska, Lewis H.; Tomecek, Martha B., USDA ARS, Crop Syst \& Global Change Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
   Pettis, Jeffery S., USDA ARS, Bee Res Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
   Edwards, Joan; Hancock, Jillian E., Williams Coll, Dept Biol, Williamstown, MA 01267 USA.
   Clark, Andrew, Smithsonian Inst, US Natl Herbarium, MRC 166,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
   Dukes, Jeffrey S., Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry \& Nat Resources, W Lafayette, IN 47097 USA.
   Dukes, Jeffrey S., Purdue Univ, Dept Biol Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47097 USA.
   Loladze, Irakli, Bryan Coll Hlth Sci, Bryan Med Ctr, Lincoln, NE 68506 USA.
   Polley, H. Wayne, USDA ARS, Grassland Soil \& Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA.}},
DOI = {{10.1098/rspb.2016.0414}},
Article-Number = {{20160414}},
ISSN = {{0962-8452}},
EISSN = {{1471-2954}},
Keywords = {{bee health; carbon dioxide; Solidago canadensis; planetary health;
   pollen; protein}},
Keywords-Plus = {{HONEY-BEE; APIS-MELLIFERA; ELEVATED CO2; HYMENOPTERA; NUTRITION; APIDAE;
   DIET; TRANSPIRATION; METAANALYSIS; PREFERENCES}},
Research-Areas = {{Life Sciences \& Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences \&
   Ecology; Evolutionary Biology}},
Web-of-Science-Categories  = {{Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology}},
Author-Email = {{l.ziska@ars.usda.gov}},
ResearcherID-Numbers = {{Dukes, Jeffrey S/C-9765-2009
   Dukes, Jeffrey/AAD-8791-2019
   Loladze, Irakli/B-5638-2009
   }},
ORCID-Numbers = {{Dukes, Jeffrey S/0000-0001-9482-7743
   Loladze, Irakli/0000-0001-7615-7803
   Polley, Herbert/0000-0002-1197-8800}},
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Number-of-Cited-References = {{58}},
Times-Cited = {{23}},
Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {{3}},
Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {{81}},
Journal-ISO = {{Proc. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci.}},
Doc-Delivery-Number = {{DL9LU}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:000375965600008}},
OA = {{Green Published, Bronze}},
DA = {{2020-11-05}},
}

@article{ ISI:000380839100004,
Author = {Todd, Katherine J. and Gardiner, Mary M. and Lindquist, Erik D.},
Title = {{Mass Flowering Crops as a Conservation Resource for Wild Pollinators
   (Hymenoptera: Apoidea)}},
Journal = {{JOURNAL OF THE KANSAS ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY}},
Year = {{2016}},
Volume = {{89}},
Number = {{2}},
Pages = {{158-167}},
Month = {{APR}},
Abstract = {{Habitat management within agroecosystems can conserve wild pollinator
   communities by providing nesting and floral resources. However,
   demarcating arable land for conservation may reduce farm income. A
   conciliatory habitat management plan thus consists of planting
   harvestable commodities which offer pollinator resources. This study's
   goal was to determine whether a single species annual flowering crop
   could support an abundant and diverse wild pollinator community despite
   its own uniformity. Local bee communities were sampled using pan traps
   and hand collection within sixty 10 m(2) plots of a sunflower,
   Helianthus annuus L., field and thirty 10 m(2) plots within a meadow
   three times throughout August, 2012. In total, 2316 bees were collected
   with Bombus impatiens Cresson constituting 81.5\% of sampled bees.
   Examined collectively, hand collections yielded significantly higher bee
   abundances in the sunflower field (P < 0.01) across every sampling date.
   Conversely, an equivalent number of pan-trapped bees occurred among
   habitats for all sampling dates except week three (P = 0.02) when a
   greater abundance was observed in the sunflower habitat. Species
   diversity did not differ (P-hand = 0.99, P-pan = 0.97) between habitats
   although community composition differed with high significance (P <
   0.01) indicating that these habitats had comparable diversity levels but
   attracted particular bee assemblages. Our study identifies sunflower
   crops as useful pollinator resources, especially for Bombus species, and
   provides insight into single species annual crops' potential
   contribution to pollinator conservation.}},
Publisher = {{KANSAS ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC}},
Address = {{PO BOX 368, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA}},
Type = {{Article}},
Language = {{English}},
Affiliation = {{Todd, KJ (Corresponding Author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Entomol, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
   Todd, KJ (Corresponding Author), Messiah Coll, Dept Biol, Mechanicsburg, PA 17055 USA.
   Todd, KJ (Corresponding Author), 216 Kottman Hall,2021 Coffey Rd, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
   Todd, Katherine J.; Gardiner, Mary M., Ohio State Univ, Dept Entomol, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
   Todd, Katherine J.; Lindquist, Erik D., Messiah Coll, Dept Biol, Mechanicsburg, PA 17055 USA.
   Todd, Katherine J., 216 Kottman Hall,2021 Coffey Rd, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.}},
ISSN = {{0022-8567}},
EISSN = {{1937-2353}},
Keywords = {{Sunflower; Bombus; ecosystem services; habitat management}},
Keywords-Plus = {{BEE ABUNDANCE; BUMBLE BEES; SERVICES; DECLINE; BOMBUS; AGROECOSYSTEMS;
   SUNFLOWERS; PHENOLOGY; FARMLAND; APIDAE}},
Research-Areas = {{Entomology}},
Web-of-Science-Categories  = {{Entomology}},
Author-Email = {{todd.489@osu.edu
   gardiner.29@osu.edu
   quist@messiah.edu}},
ORCID-Numbers = {{Lindquist, Erik/0000-0001-9755-471X
   Turo, Katherine/0000-0003-1578-4592}},
Funding-Acknowledgement = {{NSF CAREER DEB Ecosystem Studies Program {[}CAREER 1253197]; NSFNational
   Science Foundation (NSF); USFS ULTRA-Ex Program {[}NSF 0948985];
   Department of Biological Sciences; Sustainability Office at Messiah
   College; Pennsylvania State University's Fruit Research Extension Center}},
Funding-Text = {{Bee species verification and identification were conducted, in part, by
   Leo R. Donovall of the Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture's
   Entomology Program and by Dr. David Biddinger of the Pennsylvania State
   University's Fruit Research Extension Center. All sunflowers were
   planted by Lynn Wingert. For invaluable field and laboratory assistance,
   we thank K. Ellis, I. Gallo, M. Kammerer, L. Miller, L. Putney, A. Ritz,
   E. Shirey, and K. Wholaver. For comments, suggestions, and support, we
   thank members of the Ag-Urban Landscape Ecology Lab. Support for this
   work, in part, was provided by NSF CAREER DEB Ecosystem Studies Program
   (CAREER 1253197), and NSF and USFS ULTRA-Ex Program (NSF 0948985).
   Additional funding and resources were provided by the Department of
   Biological Sciences and the Sustainability Office at Messiah College,
   and Pennsylvania State University's Fruit Research Extension Center.}},
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Number-of-Cited-References = {{47}},
Times-Cited = {{7}},
Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {{4}},
Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {{32}},
Journal-ISO = {{J. Kans. Entomol. Soc.}},
Doc-Delivery-Number = {{DS5RD}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:000380839100004}},
DA = {{2020-11-05}},
}

@article{ ISI:000376385000014,
Author = {Wilson, Michael E. and Skinner, John A. and Wszelaki, Annette L. and
   Drummond, Frank},
Title = {{Using Nonmetric Multidimensional Scaling to Analyze Bee Visitation in
   East Tennessee Crops as an Indicator of Pollination Services Provided by
   Honey Bees (Apis mellifera L.) and Native Bees}},
Journal = {{ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY}},
Year = {{2016}},
Volume = {{45}},
Number = {{2}},
Pages = {{390-396}},
Month = {{APR}},
Abstract = {{This study investigated bee visitation on 10 agricultural crops grown on
   diverse small farms in Tennessee to determine the abundance of native
   bees and honey bees and the partitioning of visitation among crops.
   Summaries for each crop are used to generate mean proportions of bee
   visitation by categories of bees. This shows that native bee visits
   often occur as frequently, or in greater proportions than non-native
   honey bee visits. Visitation across multiple crops is then analyzed
   together with nonmetric multidimensional scaling to show how communities
   of bees that provide crop pollination change depending on the crop.
   Within squash and pumpkin plantings, continuous and discrete factors,
   such as ``time of day{''} and ``organic practices,{''} further explain
   shifts in the community composition of flower visitors. Results from
   this study show that native bees frequently visit flowers on various
   crops, indicating that they are likely contributing to pollination
   services in addition to honey bees. Furthermore, the community of bees
   visiting flowers changes based on crop type, phenology, and
   spatial-temporal factors. Results suggest that developing pollinator
   conservation for farms that grow a wide variety of crops will likely
   require multiple conservation strategies. Farms that concentrate on a
   single crop may be able to tailor conservation practices toward the most
   important bees in their system and geographic locale.}},
Publisher = {{OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC}},
Address = {{JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA}},
Type = {{Article}},
Language = {{English}},
Affiliation = {{Wilson, ME (Corresponding Author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Entomol \& Plant Pathol, Knoxville, TN 37992 USA.
   Wilson, Michael E.; Skinner, John A., Univ Tennessee, Dept Entomol \& Plant Pathol, Knoxville, TN 37992 USA.
   Wszelaki, Annette L., Univ Tennessee, Dept Plant Sci, Knoxville, TN 37992 USA.
   Drummond, Frank, Univ Maine, Sch Biol \& Ecol, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
   Drummond, Frank, Univ Maine, Cooperat Extens, Orono, ME 04469 USA.}},
DOI = {{10.1093/ee/nvv216}},
ISSN = {{0046-225X}},
EISSN = {{1938-2936}},
Keywords = {{native bee; honey bee; pollinator; conservation; community}},
Keywords-Plus = {{SQUASH CUCURBITA-PEPO; SUMMER SQUASH; RABBITEYE BLUEBERRY;
   PEPONAPIS-PRUINOSA; WILD; COMMUNITIES; HYMENOPTERA; LANDSCAPE;
   DIVERSITY; VACCINIUM}},
Research-Areas = {{Entomology}},
Web-of-Science-Categories  = {{Entomology}},
Author-Email = {{mwilso14@utk.edu
   jskinner@ut-k.edu
   awszelak@utk.edu
   frank\_drummond@umit.mai-ne.edu}},
Funding-Acknowledgement = {{Sustainable Agriculture Research \& Education Graduate Student Grant
   {[}GS08-07]}},
Funding-Text = {{We acknowledge Carl J. Jones for his help with the experimental design
   and editing a draft and Mary A. Rogers for help with formatting the
   manuscript. We also thank Baird Lakeview Farm, Black Oak Farms,
   Blueberries on the Buffalo Farm, Blueberry Hill Farm, Eugene Cheney,
   Josh Grant, Randy Lintz, Ritter Farms, Shelton Farm, The Fruit and Berry
   Patch, and Mountain Meadows Farm for their participation in this study.
   Funding was provided by Sustainable Agriculture Research \& Education
   Graduate Student Grant GS08-07.}},
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Number-of-Cited-References = {{36}},
Times-Cited = {{4}},
Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {{5}},
Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {{36}},
Journal-ISO = {{Environ. Entomol.}},
Doc-Delivery-Number = {{DM5JO}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:000376385000014}},
DA = {{2020-11-05}},
}

@article{ ISI:000376022300015,
Author = {Tucker, Erika M. and Rehan, Sandra M.},
Title = {{Wild bee pollination networks in northern New England}},
Journal = {{JOURNAL OF INSECT CONSERVATION}},
Year = {{2016}},
Volume = {{20}},
Number = {{2}},
Pages = {{325-337}},
Month = {{APR}},
Abstract = {{Conserving and maintaining a diverse assemblage of wild bees is
   essential for a healthy and functioning ecosystem, as species are
   uniquely evolved to deliver specific plant-pollination requirements.
   Understanding the biology and ecology of bees in poorly studied regions
   is the first step towards conservation. Detailed surveys in New
   Hampshire reveal a broad diversity of 118 species of wild bees in
   different guilds and habitats including 17 bee species representing new
   state records. Network analyses reveal a complex community structure and
   relatively poorly connected plant-pollinator associations, thus species
   may be susceptible to disturbance. Phenological analyses document that
   at least one representative of five native bee families was present
   throughout the foraging season and both abundance and diversity were
   highest in June and July. This study provides important baseline
   information on bee abundance, diversity, phenology, and host plant
   associations necessary for future conservation efforts.}},
Publisher = {{SPRINGER}},
Address = {{VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS}},
Type = {{Article}},
Language = {{English}},
Affiliation = {{Rehan, SM (Corresponding Author), Univ New Hampshire, Dept Biol Sci, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
   Tucker, Erika M.; Rehan, Sandra M., Univ New Hampshire, Dept Biol Sci, Durham, NH 03824 USA.}},
DOI = {{10.1007/s10841-016-9870-1}},
ISSN = {{1366-638X}},
EISSN = {{1572-9753}},
Keywords = {{Plant-pollinator interactions; Apoidea; Bee phenology; Ecological
   associations; Hymenoptera; Biodiversity; Bipartite network}},
Keywords-Plus = {{HYMENOPTERA APOIDEA ANTHOPHILA; CAPTURE PROBABILITIES VARY; ECOSYSTEM
   SERVICES; SOUTHERN ONTARIO; POPULATION-SIZE; FRUIT-SET; DIVERSITY;
   ABUNDANCE; IMPACTS; BOMBUS}},
Research-Areas = {{Biodiversity \& Conservation; Entomology}},
Web-of-Science-Categories  = {{Biodiversity Conservation; Entomology}},
Author-Email = {{sandra.rehan@unh.edu}},
ORCID-Numbers = {{Tucker, Erika/0000-0002-8822-2315}},
Funding-Acknowledgement = {{USDA National Institute of Food and AgricultureUnited States Department
   of Agriculture (USDA) {[}1004515]; New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment
   Station; Tuttle Foundation}},
Funding-Text = {{We thank Dusty Durant, Elizabeth Haas, Robert Hafford and Wyatt Shell
   for their help with field collections and specimen processing. We also
   thank Sam Droege and Joan Milam for providing reference material
   provided support for this research. This work is supported by the USDA
   National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Hatch project 1004515, the
   New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station and the Tuttle Foundation.}},
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Number-of-Cited-References = {{54}},
Times-Cited = {{17}},
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Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {{73}},
Journal-ISO = {{J. Insect Conserv.}},
Doc-Delivery-Number = {{DM0GU}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:000376022300015}},
DA = {{2020-11-05}},
}

@article{ ISI:000373732000005,
Author = {Hernandez-Montero, Jesus R. and Sosa, Vinicio J.},
Title = {{Reproductive biology of Pachira aquaticaAubl. (Malvaceae: Bombacoideae):
   a tropical tree pollinated by bats, sphingid moths and honey bees}},
Journal = {{PLANT SPECIES BIOLOGY}},
Year = {{2016}},
Volume = {{31}},
Number = {{2}},
Pages = {{125-134}},
Month = {{APR}},
Abstract = {{We investigated the reproductive biology, including the floral biology,
   pollination biology, breeding system and reproductive success, of
   Pachira aquatica, a native and dominant tropical tree of fresh water
   wetlands, throughout the coastal plain of the Gulf of Mexico. The
   flowers present nocturnal anthesis, copious nectar production and sugar
   concentration (range 18-23\%) suitable for nocturnal visitors such as
   bats and sphingid moths. The main nocturnal visitors were bats and
   sphingid moths while bees were the main diurnal visitors. There were no
   differences in legitimate visitation rates among bats, moths and honey
   bees. Bats and honey bees fed mainly on pollen while moths fed on
   nectar, suggesting resource partitioning. Eight species of bats carried
   pollen but Leptonycteris yerbabuenae is probably the most effective
   pollinator due to its higher pollen loads. The sphingid moths Manduca
   rustica, Cocytius duponchel and Eumorpha satellitia were recorded
   visiting flowers. Hand pollination experiments indicated a predominant
   outcrossing breeding system. Open pollination experiments resulted in a
   null fruit set, indicating pollen limitation; however, mean reproductive
   success, according to a seasonal census, was 17 +/- 3\%; these
   contrasting results could be explained by the seasonal availability of
   pollinators. We conclude that P.aquatica is an outcrossing species with
   a pollination system originally specialized for bats and sphingid moths,
   which could be driven to a multimodal pollination system due to the
   introduction of honey bees to tropical America.}},
Publisher = {{WILEY}},
Address = {{111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA}},
Type = {{Article}},
Language = {{English}},
Affiliation = {{Hernandez-Montero, JR (Corresponding Author), Inst Ecol AC, Red Ecol Func, Apdo Postal 63, Xalapa 91000, Veracruz, Mexico.
   Hernandez-Montero, Jesus R.; Sosa, Vinicio J., Inst Ecol AC, Red Ecol Func, Apdo Postal 63, Xalapa 91000, Veracruz, Mexico.}},
DOI = {{10.1111/1442-1984.12096}},
ISSN = {{0913-557X}},
EISSN = {{1442-1984}},
Keywords = {{bees; breeding system; chiropterophily; floral biology; Malvaceae;
   sphingophily}},
Keywords-Plus = {{CEIBA-PENTANDRA BOMBACACEAE; FLORAL SCENT CHEMISTRY; FOREST
   FRAGMENTATION; FLOWERING PHENOLOGY; POLLEN VIABILITY; MATING PATTERNS;
   SUCCESS; NECTAR; COMMUNITY}},
Research-Areas = {{Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences \& Ecology}},
Web-of-Science-Categories  = {{Plant Sciences; Ecology}},
Author-Email = {{jesus.hdezmontero@gmail.com}},
ResearcherID-Numbers = {{Hernandez-Montero, Jesus Rafael/E-9581-2011
   VJ, Sosa/Q-6888-2018}},
ORCID-Numbers = {{Hernandez-Montero, Jesus Rafael/0000-0001-9778-0768
   VJ, Sosa/0000-0002-4712-3900}},
Funding-Acknowledgement = {{CONACYT scholarshipConsejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACyT)
   {[}322253]}},
Funding-Text = {{We would like to recognize the field support provided by Enrique Araujo,
   Luz Alcudia, Natalia Cortes, Carolina Lopez, Eduardo Gorocica, Carlos
   Hernandez, Dario Hernandez, Silvia Montero and Jaime Pelayo. We are
   grateful to Andrew Vovides and Sonia Galicia for their help in the
   laboratory. Silvana Marten-Rodriguez, J. G. Garcia-Franco, M. A.
   Munguia-Rosas and M. Quesada made useful comments on an earlier
   manuscript. The comments of two anonymous reviewers enriched the
   discussion and organization of the paper. We are also grateful to Jean
   Haxaire for his help with moth identification. Keith McMillan carried
   out the revision of the English. JRHM was the recipient of CONACYT
   scholarship \# 322253.}},
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Number-of-Cited-References = {{54}},
Times-Cited = {{6}},
Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {{3}},
Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {{50}},
Journal-ISO = {{Plant Spec. Biol.}},
Doc-Delivery-Number = {{DI8DS}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:000373732000005}},
DA = {{2020-11-05}},
}

@article{ ISI:000372169100005,
Author = {Richardson, Matthew L. and Keathley, Craig P. and Peterson, Cheryl L.},
Title = {{Breeding system of the critically endangered Lakela's Mint and influence
   of plant height on pollinators and seed output}},
Journal = {{POPULATION ECOLOGY}},
Year = {{2016}},
Volume = {{58}},
Number = {{2}},
Pages = {{277-284}},
Month = {{APR}},
Abstract = {{Understanding reproductive systems of rare plants is critical for
   conservation efforts. Lakela's Mint, Dicerandra immaculata Lakela var.
   immaculata, is an endangered plant endemic to an approximately 4.8-km
   long area in Florida, USA. We used an experimental garden and three
   populations of Lakela's Mint to determine: (1) what is the breeding
   system (autonomous, asexual, self-fertile, cross-fertile) and are
   insects necessary for reproduction; (2) which native and nonnative
   insect species visit flowers and is the frequency of visits to a plant
   influenced by its height; (3) does the number of flowers visited within
   a plant by individual insects differ among native and nonnative insect
   species and due to plant height; and (4) is seed output influenced by
   plant height? Our results indicate that the breeding system of Lakela's
   Mint was facultative outcrossing. Insect-pollinated flowers produced
   more seeds than flowers that reproduced autonomously or asexually. The
   honey bee Apis mellifera L., a nonnative species, was the most frequent
   visitor to plants and visited more flowers within plants than native
   pollinators, but its behavior was not influenced by plant height. Native
   pollinators such as Bombus impatiens Cresson were attracted more
   frequently to shorter plants, but visited fewer flowers than on taller
   plants. Despite having fewer total and pollinated flowers, shorter
   plants had a higher output of intact seeds than taller plants, which
   could be due to differences in efficiency between native and nonnative
   pollinators or other factors. Our results add insight into factors
   influencing seed output and interactions between pollinators and rare
   plants.}},
Publisher = {{SPRINGER JAPAN KK}},
Address = {{CHIYODA FIRST BLDG EAST, 3-8-1 NISHI-KANDA, CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO, 101-0065,
   JAPAN}},
Type = {{Article}},
Language = {{English}},
Affiliation = {{Peterson, CL (Corresponding Author), Rare Plant Conservat Program, Bok Tower Gardens,1151 Tower Blvd, Lake Wales, FL 33853 USA.
   Richardson, Matthew L., Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Ctr Conservat \& Sustainabil, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
   Keathley, Craig P., EI Pont Nemours \& Co, Stine Haskell Res Ctr, Newark, DE 19711 USA.
   Peterson, Cheryl L., Rare Plant Conservat Program, Bok Tower Gardens,1151 Tower Blvd, Lake Wales, FL 33853 USA.}},
DOI = {{10.1007/s10144-015-0531-0}},
ISSN = {{1438-3896}},
EISSN = {{1438-390X}},
Keywords = {{Agamospermy; Apis mellifera; Bombus impatiens; Cross-pollination;
   Dicerandra immaculata; Self-pollination}},
Keywords-Plus = {{INTRODUCED HONEY-BEES; FLORAL DISPLAY SIZE; POLLEN-LIMITATION; FLOWERING
   PLANTS; MATING SYSTEMS; FLORIDA SCRUB; FRUIT-SET; REPRODUCTION; LIMITS;
   PATTERNS}},
Research-Areas = {{Environmental Sciences \& Ecology}},
Web-of-Science-Categories  = {{Ecology}},
Author-Email = {{cpeterson@boktower.org}},
Funding-Acknowledgement = {{state of Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services
   Division of Plant Industry {[}20160, 21009]}},
Funding-Text = {{We thank M. Watson, M. Bell, R. Bell, G. Bupp, and J. Thompson for
   assistance in the field, Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute and St.
   Lucie and Indian River County land managers for site access, and three
   anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments. This research was
   funded in part by grants from the state of Florida Department of
   Agriculture and Consumer Services Division of Plant Industry (contracts
   \#20160 and \#21009) to Bok Tower Gardens. Research was conducted under
   Harvesting Permits \#1086, 1141, 1157, and 1184 from the State of
   Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services Division of
   Plant Industry.}},
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Number-of-Cited-References = {{50}},
Times-Cited = {{7}},
Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {{0}},
Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {{36}},
Journal-ISO = {{Popul. Ecol.}},
Doc-Delivery-Number = {{DG6CF}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:000372169100005}},
DA = {{2020-11-05}},
}

@article{ ISI:000373649100001,
Author = {Blitzer, Eleanor J. and Gibbs, Jason and Park, Mia G. and Danforth,
   Bryan N.},
Title = {{Pollination services for apple are dependent on diverse wild bee
   communities}},
Journal = {{AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS \& ENVIRONMENT}},
Year = {{2016}},
Volume = {{221}},
Pages = {{1-7}},
Month = {{APR 1}},
Abstract = {{Understanding the importance of biodiversity in applied settings is a
   central theme for ecologists. Pollination is an essential ecosystem
   service, which may rely on biodiversity for effectiveness and stability.
   Empirical examples which link functional outcomes of increased
   biodiversity to pollination services are rare. To investigate the
   importance of wild and managed pollinator communities to apple
   production, we assessed the effect of wild and managed bee abundance and
   diversity on pollen limitation and seed set on commercial farms in New
   York State. Seed set increased and pollen limitation decreased with
   increasing wild bee species richness, functional group diversity (based
   on nesting, sociality, and size traits), and abundance, but not with
   honey bee abundance. Functional group diversity explained more variation
   in apple seed set than species richness. Our findings demonstrate the
   important role of functional complementarity of wild bees, defined here
   as functional group diversity, to crop pollination even in the presence
   of large populations of managed honey bees. Therefore, our results
   suggest that management of diverse pollinator communities may decrease
   reliance on managed honey bees for pollination services and enhance crop
   yields. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.}},
Publisher = {{ELSEVIER}},
Address = {{RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS}},
Type = {{Article}},
Language = {{English}},
Affiliation = {{Blitzer, EJ (Corresponding Author), Carroll Coll, Dept Biol, 295 S Harrison Helena, Helena, MT 59601 USA.
   Blitzer, Eleanor J.; Gibbs, Jason; Park, Mia G.; Danforth, Bryan N., Cornell Univ, Dept Entomol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
   Blitzer, Eleanor J., Carroll Coll, Dept Biol, 295 S Harrison Helena, Helena, MT 59601 USA.
   Gibbs, Jason, Michigan State Univ, Ctr Integrated Plant Syst, Dept Entomol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
   Park, Mia G., Univ N Dakota, Dept Humanities \& Integrated Studies, Grand Forks, ND 58201 USA.
   Park, Mia G., Univ N Dakota, Dept Biol, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA.}},
DOI = {{10.1016/j.agee.2016.01.004}},
ISSN = {{0167-8809}},
EISSN = {{1873-2305}},
Keywords = {{Agroecosystem; Native bees; Apple production; Seed set; Functional
   group; Apple orchards; Pollination}},
Keywords-Plus = {{SEED NUMBER; FRUIT-SET; BIODIVERSITY; HYMENOPTERA; COMPLEMENTARITY;
   INCREASES; ECOLOGY; TRENDS}},
Research-Areas = {{Agriculture; Environmental Sciences \& Ecology}},
Web-of-Science-Categories  = {{Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Ecology; Environmental Sciences}},
Author-Email = {{blitzbug@gmail.com}},
ResearcherID-Numbers = {{Gibbs, Jason/B-9353-2018
   }},
ORCID-Numbers = {{Gibbs, Jason/0000-0002-4945-5423
   Danforth, Bryan/0000-0002-6495-428X}},
Funding-Acknowledgement = {{Smith Lever Fund; Hatch Fund; USDA-AFRI grant {[}USDA 2010-03689]}},
Funding-Text = {{We thank collaborating apple growers and managers for permission to
   survey orchards. We especially thank J. Eve for facilitating grower
   contacts and providing expertise. Art Agnello, I. Merwin, H. Reissig
   provided additional expertise and guidance. We are grateful to Justin
   Cappadonna and Sally Hartwick for their hard work in the field and
   laboratory. This project was supported by Smith Lever and Hatch Funds
   administered by Cornell University Agricultural Experiment Station and
   by a USDA-AFRI grant {[}USDA 2010-03689, B.N. Danforth, PI].}},
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Number-of-Cited-References = {{48}},
Times-Cited = {{47}},
Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {{3}},
Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {{190}},
Journal-ISO = {{Agric. Ecosyst. Environ.}},
Doc-Delivery-Number = {{DI6ZO}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:000373649100001}},
OA = {{Bronze}},
DA = {{2020-11-05}},
}

@article{ ISI:000374840500007,
Author = {Redhead, John W. and Dreier, Stephanie and Bourke, Andrew F. G. and
   Heard, Matthew S. and Jordan, William C. and Sumner, Seirian and Wang,
   Jinliang and Carvell, Claire},
Title = {{Effects of habitat composition and landscape structure on worker
   foraging distances of five bumble bee species}},
Journal = {{ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS}},
Year = {{2016}},
Volume = {{26}},
Number = {{3}},
Pages = {{726-739}},
Month = {{APR}},
Abstract = {{Bumble bees (Bombus spp.) are important pollinators of both crops and
   wildflowers. Their contribution to this essential ecosystem service has
   been threatened over recent decades by changes in land use, which have
   led to declines in their populations. In order to design effective
   conservation measures, it is important to understand the effects of
   variation in landscape composition and structure on the foraging
   activities of worker bumble bees. This is because the viability of
   individual colonies is likely to be affected by the trade-off between
   the energetic costs of foraging over greater distances and the potential
   gains from access to additional resources. We used field surveys,
   molecular genetics, and fine resolution remote sensing to estimate the
   locations of wild bumble bee nests and to infer foraging distances
   across a 20-km(2) agricultural landscape in southern England, UK. We
   investigated five species, including the rare B. ruderatus and
   ecologically similar but widespread B. hortorum. We compared worker
   foraging distances between species and examined how variation in
   landscape composition and structure affected foraging distances at the
   colony level. Mean worker foraging distances differed significantly
   between species. Bombus terrestris, B. lapidarius, and B. ruderatus
   exhibited significantly greater mean foraging distances (551, 536, and
   501 m, respectively) than B. hortorum and B. pascuorum (336 and 272 m,
   respectively). There was wide variation in worker foraging distances
   between colonies of the same species, which was in turn strongly
   influenced by the amount and spatial configuration of available foraging
   habitats. Shorter foraging distances were found for colonies where the
   local landscape had high coverage and low fragmentation of seminatural
   vegetation, including managed agri-environmental field margins. The
   strength of relationships between different landscape variables and
   foraging distance varied between species, for example the strongest
   relationship for B. ruderatus being with floral cover of preferred
   forage plants. Our findings suggest that management of landscape
   composition and configuration has the potential to reduce foraging
   distances across a range of bumble bee species. There is thus potential
   for improvements in the design and implementation of landscape
   management options, such as agri-environment schemes, aimed at providing
   foraging habitat for bumble bees and enhancing crop pollination
   services.}},
Publisher = {{WILEY}},
Address = {{111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA}},
Type = {{Article}},
Language = {{English}},
Affiliation = {{Redhead, JW (Corresponding Author), NERC Ctr Ecol \& Hydrol, Benson Lane, Wallingford OX10 8BB, Oxon, England.
   Redhead, John W.; Heard, Matthew S.; Carvell, Claire, NERC Ctr Ecol \& Hydrol, Benson Lane, Wallingford OX10 8BB, Oxon, England.
   Dreier, Stephanie; Jordan, William C.; Sumner, Seirian; Wang, Jinliang, Zool Soc London, Inst Zool, Regents Pk, London NW1 4RY, England.
   Dreier, Stephanie; Sumner, Seirian, Univ Bristol, Sch Biol Sci, Bristol Life Sci Bldg,24 Tyndall Ave, Bristol BS8 1TQ, Avon, England.
   Bourke, Andrew F. G., Univ E Anglia, Sch Biol Sci, Norwich Res Pk, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk, England.}},
DOI = {{10.1890/15-0546}},
ISSN = {{1051-0761}},
EISSN = {{1939-5582}},
Keywords = {{agri-environment; Bombus; foraging range; landscape scale; pollination;
   spatial ecology; wild colonies}},
Keywords-Plus = {{MASS-FLOWERING CROPS; AGRI-ENVIRONMENT SCHEMES; NEST DENSITY; BOMBUS;
   CONSERVATION; DIVERSITY; RANGE; SCALE; AVAILABILITY; POLLINATION}},
Research-Areas = {{Environmental Sciences \& Ecology}},
Web-of-Science-Categories  = {{Ecology; Environmental Sciences}},
Author-Email = {{johde@ceh.ac.uk}},
ResearcherID-Numbers = {{Bourke, Andrew/E-5271-2011
   Redhead, John/E-6750-2012
   }},
ORCID-Numbers = {{Redhead, John/0000-0002-2233-3848
   Sumner, Seirian/0000-0003-0213-2018}},
Funding-Acknowledgement = {{Insect Pollinators Initiative {[}BB/I000925/1]; Biotechnology and
   Biological Sciences Research CouncilBiotechnology and Biological
   Sciences Research Council (BBSRC); Department for Environment, Food and
   Rural AffairsDepartment for Environment, Food \& Rural Affairs (DEFRA);
   Natural Environment Research CouncilNERC Natural Environment Research
   Council; Scottish Government; Wellcome Trust, under the Living with
   Environmental Change PartnershipWellcome Trust; Syngenta Plc;
   Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research CouncilBiotechnology and
   Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) {[}BB/I000925/1] Funding
   Source: Researchfish; Natural Environment Research CouncilNERC Natural
   Environment Research Council {[}ceh020009, ceh020002] Funding Source:
   Researchfish}},
Funding-Text = {{We are extremely grateful to the CEH field survey team, coordinated by
   Sarah Hulmes, for sampling bumble bees and conducting habitat surveys
   (Lucy Hulmes, Jodey Peyton, Jo Savage, Sam Amy, Roselle Hyman, Gemma
   Baron and Rachel MacDonald). We thank Robin Faccenda and Richard
   Franklin of Faccenda Farms, and other landowners, for kind permission to
   work on the Hillesden Estate and surroundings; Hannah Dean for data
   management; H. Michael Lattorff for use of his primers for the molecular
   discrimination of B. terrestris and B. lucorum workers and Ian Warren
   for assistance with laboratory work. This research was supported by the
   Insect Pollinators Initiative (grant BB/I000925/1). The Insect
   Pollinators Initiative is funded jointly by the Biotechnology and
   Biological Sciences Research Council, the Department for Environment,
   Food and Rural Affairs, the Natural Environment Research Council, The
   Scottish Government and The Wellcome Trust, under the Living with
   Environmental Change Partnership. Acquisition of remote sensing data was
   funded by Syngenta Plc.}},
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