text:
6,
  author =       "P. Pratt and M. Berzine",
  title =        "Shock preservating quadratic interpolation for
                 visualization on triangular meshes",
  journal =      "Comput. \& Graphics.",
  year =         "1996",
  volume =       "20",
  number =       "5",
  pages =        "723--730",
  robnote =      "Martin's paper on interpolation for graphics using
                 linear and quadratic functions",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 12 11:56:00 1998",
}

@Article{RSM:Pra96b,
  author =       "V.R. Pratusevich and C.W. Balke",
  title =        "Factors shaping the confocal image of the calcium
                 spark in cardiac muscle cells.",
  journal =      "Biophys J",
  year =         "1996",
  month =        dec,
  volume =       "71",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "2942--2957",
  robnote =      "The interpretation of confocal line-scan images of
                 local [Ca2+]i transients (such as Ca2+ sparks in
                 cardiac muscle) is complicated by uncertainties in the
                 position of the origin of the Ca2+ spark (relative to
                 the scan line) and by the dynamics of Ca(2+)-dye
                 interactions. An investigation of the effects of these
                 complications modeled the release, diffusion, binding,
                 and uptake of Ca2+ in cardiac cells (producing a
                 theoretical Ca2+ spark) and image formation in a
                 confocal microscope (after measurement of its
                 point-spread function) and simulated line-scan images
                 of a theoretical Ca2+ spark (when it was viewed from
                 all possible positions relative to the scan line). In
                 line-scan images, Ca2+ sparks that arose in a different
                 optical section or with the site of origin displaced
                 laterally from the scan line appeared attenuated,
                 whereas their rise times slowed down only slightly.
                 These results indicate that even if all Ca2+ sparks are
                 perfectly identical events, except for their site of
                 origin, there will be an apparent variation in the
                 amplitude and other characteristics of Ca2+ sparks as
                 measured from confocal line-scan images. The frequency
                 distributions of the kinetic parameters (i.e., peak
                 amplitude, rise time, fall time) of Ca2+ sparks were
                 calculated for repetitive registration of stereotyped
                 Ca2+ sparks in two experimental situations: 1) random
                 position of the scan line relative to possible SR
                 Ca(2+)-release sites and 2) fixed position of the scan
                 line going through a set of possible SR Ca(2+)-release
                 sites. The effects of noise were incorporated into the
                 model, and a visibility function was proposed to
                 account for the subjective factors that may be involved
                 in the evaluation of Ca(2+)-spark image parameters from
                 noisy experimental recordings. The mean value of the
                 resulting amplitude distributions underestimates the
                 brightness of in-focus Ca2+ sparks because large
                 numbers of out-of-focus Ca2+ sparks are detected (as
                 small Ca2+ sparks). The distribution of peak amplitudes
                 may split into more than one subpopulation even when
                 one is viewing stereotyped Ca2+ sparks because of the
                 discrete locations of possible SR Ca(2+)-release sites
                 in mammalian ventricular heart cells. No hard copy.",
  bibdate =      "Sun Jan 26 23:47:21 2003",
}

@Book{RSM:Pre86,
  author =       "W.H. Press and B.P. Flannery and S.A. Teukolsky and
                 W.T. Vetterling",
  title =        "Numerical Recipes: The Art of Scientific Computing",
  editor =       "",
  publisher =    "Cambridge University Press",
  address =      "Cambridge, New York, Melbourne",
  year =         "1986",
  robnote =      "A great collection of numerical methods of all sorts,
                 together with the FORTRAN (and C) code to run them.",
}

@Article{RSM:Pre87,
  author =       "M.L. Pressler",
  title =        "Effects of $\rm pCa_{i}$ and $\rm p{H}_{i}$ on
                 Cell-to-Cell Coupling",
  journal =      "Experientia",
  year =         "1987",
  volume =       "43",
  pages =        "1084--1090",
  robnote =      "cell to cell coupling, internal resistance, internal
                 calcium, ph, review, CardCell008",
}

@Article{RSM:Pre88,
  author =       "W.H. Press",
  title =        "Twilight of the Pencil",
  journal =      "Nature",
  year =         "1988",
  volume =       "336",
  month =        nov,
  pages =        "319--320",
  robnote =      "A neat review of the product Mathematica from Wolfram
                 Research, apeice of software which comes bundled
                 withthe NeXT computer and sounds like just a great math
                 program, something like MathCad or Eureka, but even
                 more powerful, and costly., CompSoft114",
}

@Book{RSM:Pre92,
  author =       "W.H. Press and B.P. Flannery and S.A. Teukolsky and
                 W.T. Vetterling",
  title =        "Numerical Recipes: The Art of Scientific Computing --
                 Second Edition",
  editor =       "",
  publisher =    "Cambridge University Press",
  address =      "Cambridge, New York, Melbourne",
  year =         "1992",
  robnote =      "A great collection of numerical methods of all sorts,
                 together with the FORTRAN (and C) code to run them.",
}

@Article{RSM:Pre94,
  author =       "I. Preda and R. Nadeau and P. Savard and D. Hamel and
                 D. Palisaitis and M. Shenasa and J. Nasmith",
  title =        "{QRS} alterations in body surface potential
                 distributions during percutaneous transluminal coronary
                 angioplasty in single-vessel disease",
  journal =      j-JE,
  year =         "1994",
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "311--322",
  robnote =      "Nice detailed study, shows what you need to keep track
                 of besides ECGS for this type of study. They look
                 mostly at changes in QRS duration and terminal slowing
                 of spread of excitation in PTCA cases. The differences
                 are pretty small and appear in only some of the cases,
                 but they are there. They are pretty fast and easy with
                 the instant by instant difference maps and make no
                 mention or having tested the robustness of this
                 procedure. Reliability is not covered anywhere in the
                 paper. They conclude that there is probably initial
                 delay in activation, causing the shortening of QRS, or
                 a speed up in conduction, as many others have suggested
                 as a possibility. They lean toward the former case.",
}

@Article{RSM:Pri2007,
  author =       "A. N. Priest and P. M. Bansmann and K. Mullerleile and
                 G. Adam",
  title =        "Coronary vessel-wall and lumen imaging using radial
                 k-space acquisition with {MRI} at 3 Tesla",
  journal =      "Eur Radiol",
  volume =       "17",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "339--46",
  year =         "2007",
}

@Article{RSM:Pri91,
  author =       "S.G. Priori and C. Napolitano and P.J. Schwartz",
  title =        "Electrophysiologic mechanisms involved in the
                 development of torsades de pointes.",
  journal =      "Cardiovasc Drugs Ther",
  year =         "1991",
  volume =       "5",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "203--12",
  robnote =      "we analyze the evolution of the hypotheses for the
                 mechanisms underlying TDP and we discuss some of the
                 experimental models used and their related clinico-
                 pathologic counterparts. LQTS. No Hard Copy",
}

@Article{RSM:Pri94,
  author =       "S.G. Priori and C. Napolitano and L. Diehl and P.J.
                 Schwartz",
  title =        "Dispersion of the {QT} interval: {A} marker of
                 therapeutic efficacy in the idiopathic long {QT}
                 syndrome",
  journal =      j-C,
  year =         "1994",
  volume =       "89",
  pages =        "1681--1689",
  robnote =      "Describes several methods of measuring QT dispersion,
                 as applied normals and patients with long QT syndrome,
                 normals, who were either treated with beta-blockers or
                 who required sympathetic denervation. They found that
                 QT dispersion was prolonged in patients not responding
                 to treatment. but that sensitivity and specificity were
                 about 80 percent at best.LQTS",
}

@Article{RSM:Pri96,
  author =       "S.G. Priori and C. Napolitano and F. Cantu and A.M.
                 Brown and P.J. Schwartz",
  title =        "Differential response to Na+ channel blockade,
                 beta-adrenergic stimulation, and rapid pacing in a
                 cellular model mimicking the {SCN5A} and {HERG} defects
                 present in the long-{QT} syndrome.",
  journal =      j-CR,
  year =         "1996",
  volume =       "78",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "1009--15",
  robnote =      "We developed an in vitro model to attempt reproduction
                 of the expected alterations in LQT3 and LQT2 patients.
                 Guinea pig ventricular myocytes were exposed to
                 anthopleura toxin A (anthopleurin), an inhibitor of the
                 inactivation of the Na+ current, and to dofetilide, a
                 selective blocker of IKr. Both interventions
                 significantly prolonged action potential duration
                 (APD), by 54 +/- 13 and 62 +/- 16 ms, respectively.
                 LQTS",
}

@Article{RSM:Pri97,
  author =       "S.G. Priori and C. Napolitano and V. Paganini and F.
                 Cantu and P.J. Schwartz",
  title =        "Molecular biology of the long {QT} syndrome: {I}mpact
                 on management.",
  journal =      "Pacing Clin Electrophysiol",
  year =         "1997",
  volume =       "20",
  number =       "8 Pt 2",
  pages =        "2052--7",
  robnote =      "Recently, the genes for the LQTS inked to chromosomes
                 3 (LQT3), 7 (LQT2), and 11 (LQT1) were identified as
                 SCN5A, the cardiac sodium channel gene and as HERG and
                 KvLQT1 potassium channel genes. In order to test
                 specific interventions potentially beneficial in the
                 molecular variants of LQTS, we developed a cellular
                 model to mimic the electrophysiological abnormalities
                 of LQT3 and LQT2. Isolated guinea pig ventricular
                 myocytes were exposed to anthopleurin and dofetilide in
                 order to mimic LQT3 and LQT2, respectively. LQTS, No
                 hard copy. But looks very similar to previous ref",
}

@Article{RSM:Pri97b,
  author =       "S.G. Priori and D.W. Mortara and C. Napolitano and L.
                 Diehl and V. Paganini and F. Cantu and G. Cantu and
                 P.J. Schwartz",
  title =        "Evaluation of the spatial aspects of {T}-wave
                 complexity in the long-{QT} syndrome.",
  journal =      j-C,
  year =         "1997",
  volume =       "96",
  number =       "9",
  pages =        "3006--12",
  robnote =      "In the present study, we applied principal component
                 analysis to 12-lead Holter recordings. The index of
                 complexity of repolarization that we have developed
                 (CR24h) reflects the average 24-hour complexity of
                 repolarization and is mathematically defined as the
                 average ratio between the second and the first
                 eigenvalue.Our data suggest that principal component
                 analysis applied to 24-hour, 12-lead Holter recording
                 adequately quantifies the complexity of ventricular
                 repolarization and may become a useful noninvasive
                 diagnostic tool in LQTS. SCOR",
}

@InCollection{RSM:Pro86,
  author =       "P. Probst",
  title =        "``{C}ollateral Pressure'' (Occlusion Pressure) During
                 Coronary Angioplasty in Coronary Artery Disease",
  booktitle =    "Coronary Angioplasty: {A} Controlled Model for
                 Ischemia",
  editor =       "P.W. Serruys and G.T. Meester",
  publisher =    "Martinus Nijhoff Publishers",
  address =      "Dordrecht/Boston/Lancaster",
  year =         "1986",
  pages =        "105--114",
  robnote =      "thesis, PTCA052",
}

@Book{RSM:Pro88,
  author =       "C.K. Prokorny and C.F. Gerald",
  title =        "Computer Graphics: The Principles Behind the Art and
                 Science",
  publisher =    "Franklin Beedle \& Assoc.",
  year =         "1988",
  robnote =      "A nice basic graphics book, would make a good course
                 text and is very useful reading. computer graphics,
                 visualization",
}

@Article{RSM:Prz99,
  author =       "K. Przyklenk and B.Z. Simkhovich and B. Bauer and K.
                 hata and L. Zhao and G.T. Elliot and R.A. Kloner",
  title =        "Cellular mechanisms of infarct size reduction with
                 ischemic preconditioning. Role of calcium?",
  journal =      "Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci.",
  year =         "1999",
  volume =       "874",
  pages =        "192--210",
}

@InCollection{RSM:Puc89,
  author =       "A. Pucheu and H. Lacroix and J.L. Tonet and R. Frank
                 and G. Fontaine and Y. Grosgogeat",
  title =        "Ventricular Arrythmias",
  key =          "Ventricular Arrythmias. ROK-thesis. VT",
  booktitle =    "Comprehensive Electrocardiology",
  publisher =    pub-PER,
  year =         "1989",
  editor =       "Macfarlane P.W. and T.D. {Lawrie Veitch}",
  volume =       "2",
  chapter =      "25",
  pages =        "961--992",
}

@Article{RSM:Pug2001,
  author = 	 "J.L. Puglisi and D.M. Bers",
  title = 	 " LabHEART: an interactive computer model of rabbit
		  ventricular myocyte ion channels and Ca transport",
  journal = 	 j-AJP,
  year = 	 "2001",
  volume =	 "281",
  pages =	 "C2049--C2060",
  robnote = 	 "simulation program for cardiac cells",
  bibdate = 	 "Sat Nov 29 14:06:31 2008"
}

@Article{RSM:Pug2004,
  author =       "J.L. Puglisi and F. Wang and D.M. Bers",
  title =        "Modeling the isolated cardiac myocyte.",
  journal =      "Prog Biophys Mol Biol",
  year =         "2004",
  month =        jun # "-" # jul,
  volume =       "85",
  number =       "2-3",
  pages =        "163--178",
  robnote =      "Computer modeling of cardiac myocytes has flourished
                 in recent years. Models have evolved from mathematical
                 descriptions of ionic channels alone to more
                 sophisticated formulations that include calcium
                 transport mechanisms, ATP production and metabolic
                 pathways. The increased complexity is fueled by the new
                 data available in the field. The continuous production
                 of experimental data has led to the evolution of
                 increasingly refined descriptions of the phenomena by
                 modelers. Integrating the numerous systems involved in
                 cardiac myocyte homeostasis makes the use of computer
                 models necessary due to the unreliability of intuitive
                 approaches. However the complexity of the model should
                 not imply a cumbersome operation of the program. As
                 with any tool, computer models have to be easy to
                 operate or their strength will be diminished and
                 potential users will not benefit fully from them. The
                 contribution of the computer modeler to their
                 respective biological fields will be more successful
                 and enduring if modelers devote sufficient time to
                 implement their equations into a model with
                 user-friendly characteristics.",
  bibdate =      "Mon Nov 20 07:50:06 2006",
}

@Article{RSM:Pul03,
  author =       "A.J. Pullan and M.L. Buist and G.B. Sands and L.K.
                 Chen and N.P. Smith",
  title =        "Cardiac electrical activity---from heart to body
                 surface and back again",
  journal =      "Journal of Electrocardiology",
  volume =       "36",
  pages =        "63--67",
  year =         "2003",
}

@Article{RSM:Pul2001,
  author =       "A.J. Pullan and L.K. Cheng and M.P. Nash and C.P.
                 Bradley and D.J. Paterson",
  title =        "Non-invasive electrical imaging of the heart - theory
                 and model development",
  journal =      j-ABE,
  year =         "2001",
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "10",
  pages =        "817--836",
  robnote =      "new paper from Andrew, uses Greensite and Huiskamp
                 approach to compute activation times from body
                 surface",
  bibdate =      "Sun Sep 30 23:39:41 2001",
}

@Article{RSM:Pul2001b,
  author =       "A.J. Pullan and D.J. Paterson and F. Greensite",
  title =        "Noninvasive imaging of cardiac electrophysiology",
  journal =      "Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. A",
  year =         "2001",
  volume =       "359",
  pages =        "1277--1286",
  robnote =      "another new one I have not seen in print yet",
  bibdate =      "Sun Sep 30 23:42:06 2001",
}

@Article{RSM:Pul2001c,
  author =       "A. Pullan",
  title =        "The inverse problem of electrocardiography: modeling,
                 experimental, and clinical issues",
  journal =      j-BMT,
  year =         "2001",
  volume =       "46",
  number =       "(suppl)",
  pages =        "197--198",
  robnote =      "Andrew's paper that describes a little of the need for
                 accuracte geometry over conductvities. NFSI.",
  bibdate =      "Fri Jan 25 23:42:31 2002",
}

@Article{RSM:Pul2004,
  author =       "A. Pullan and L. Cheng and R. Yassi and M. Buist",
  title =        "Modelling gastrointestinal bioelectric activity.",
  journal =      "Prog Biophys Mol Biol",
  year =         "2004",
  month =        jun # "-" # jul,
  volume =       "85",
  number =       "2-3",
  pages =        "523--550",
  robnote =      "The development of an anatomically realistic
                 biophysically based model of the human gastrointestinal
                 (GI) tract is presented. A major objective of this work
                 is to develop a modelling framework that can be used to
                 integrate the physiological, anatomical and medical
                 knowledge of the GI system. The anatomical model was
                 developed by fitting derivative continuous meshes to
                 digitised data taken from images of the visible man.
                 Structural information, including fibre distributions
                 of the smooth muscle layers and the arrangement of the
                 networks of interstitial cells of Cajal, were
                 incorporated using published information. A continuum
                 modelling framework was used to simulate electrical
                 activity from the single cell to the whole organ and
                 body. Also computed was the external magnetic field
                 generated from the GI electrical activity. The set of
                 governing equations were solved using a combination of
                 numerical techniques. Activity at the (continuum) cell
                 level was solved using a high-resolution trilinear
                 finite element procedure that had been defined from the
                 previously fitted C1 continuous anatomical mesh.
                 Multiple dipolar sources were created from the
                 excitation waves which were embedded within a coupled
                 C1 continuous torso model to produce both the cutaneous
                 electrical field and the external magnetic field.
                 Initial simulations were performed using a simplified
                 geometry to test the implementation of the numerical
                 solution procedure. The numerical procedures were shown
                 to rapidly converge with mesh refinement. In the
                 process of this testing, errors in a long standing
                 analytic solution were identified and are corrected in
                 Appendix B. Results of single cell activity were
                 compared to published results illustrating that the key
                 features of the slow wave activity were successfully
                 replicated. Simulations using a two-dimensional slice
                 through the gastric wall produced slow wave activity
                 that agreed with the known frequency and propagation
                 characteristics. Three-dimensional simulations were
                 also performed using the full stomach mesh and results
                 illustrated the slow wave propagation throughout the
                 stomach musculature.",
  bibdate =      "Mon Jan 8 18:24:04 2007",
}

@Book{RSM:Pul2005,
  author =       "A. Pullan and M.L. Buist and L.K. Cheng",
  title =        "Mathematically Modeling the electrical activity of the
                 heart",
  publisher =    "World Scientific Co",
  year =         "2005",
  address =      "Singapore",
  robnote =      "bioelectricity, forward and inverse problems,
                 modeling, simulation",
  bibdate =      "Tue Oct 17 08:36:16 2006",
}

@InCollection{RSM:Pul2010,
  author = 	 "A.J. Pullan and L.K.Cheng and M.P. Nash and D.H. Brooks
                  and A. Ghodrati and R.S. MacLeod",
  editor = 	 "P.W. Macfarlane and A. van Oosterom and O. Pahlm and
                  P. Kligfield and M. Janse and J. Camm",
  booktitle = 	 "Comprehensive Electrocardiology",
  title = 	 "The Inverse Problem of Electrocardiography",
  publisher = 	 "Springer Verlag",
  pages =        "299--344",
  address = "London, UK",
  year = 	 2010,
  Robnote = 	 "Review chapter on the inverse problem"
}

@Article{RSM:Pul94,
  author =       "P.R. Puleo and D. Meyer and C. Wathen and C. B> Tawa
                 and S. Wheeler and R.J. et el. Hamburg",
  title =        "Use of a rapid assay of subforms of creatine kinase
                 {MB} to diagnose or rule out acute myocardial
                 infarction",
  journal =      j-NEJM,
  year =         "1994",
  volume =       "331",
  number =       "9",
  pages =        "561--566",
  robnote =      "A paper about a new test for acute MI, which
                 referecnes another good article on ER triage. We used
                 this info for the NIH grants. triage, mi, ischemia,
                 enzyme",
}

@Article{RSM:Pul96,
  author =       "A. Pullan",
  title =        "A high-order coupled finite/boundary element torso
                 model",
  journal =      j-BME,
  year =         "1996",
  volume =       "43",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "292--298",
  robnote =      "inverse problem, finite elements, boundary elements",
}

@InProceedings{RSM:Pun2000,
  author =       "B.P. Punske and Q. Ni and R.L. Lux and R.S. MacLeod
                 and P.R. Ershler and T.J. Dustman and Y. Vyhmeister and
                 B. Taccardi",
  title =        "Alternative methods of excitation time determination
                 on the epicardial surface",
  booktitle =    c-EMBS2000,
  year =         "2000",
  robnote =      "EMSB poster",
  bibdate =      "Fri Feb 25 15:53:14 2000",
}

@InProceedings{RSM:Pun2000a,
  author =       "B.B. Punske and R.L. Lux and R.S. MacLeod and P.R.
                 Ershler and T.J. Dustman and Y. Vyhmeister and B.
                 Taccardi",
  title =        "Effects of recording reference on the 3-{D} potential
                 distribution and shape of the unipolar electrograms: an
                 experimental study",
  booktitle =    "Proceedings of the Biomedical Engineering Society 2000
                 Annual Fall Meeting",
  year =         "200",
  robnote =      "BMES presentation",
  bibdate =      "Sun Jan 23 12:42:01 2005",
}

@Article{RSM:Pun2000b,
  author =       "B.B. Punske",
  title =        "Determining the local time of activation from the
                 unipolar electrogram: new methods, new challenges.",
  journal =      j-JCE,
  year =         "2000",
  month =        oct,
  volume =       "11",
  number =       "10",
  pages =        "1129--1131",
  robnote =      "looks like an editorial",
  bibdate =      "Thu Dec 28 15:49:33 2006",
}

@Article{RSM:Pun2003,
  author =       "B.B. Punske and Q. Ni and R.L. Lux and R.S. MacLeod
                 and P.R. Ershler and T.J. Dustman and M.J. Allison and
                 B. Taccardi",
  title =        "Spatial Methods of Epicardial Activation Time
                 Determination",
  journal =      j-ABE,
  year =         "2003",
  volume =       "31",
  pages =        "781--792",
  robnote =      "Bonnie paper on use spatial gradients to identify
                 activation wavefronts",
  bibdate =      "Mon Jan 27 21:59:26 2003",
}

@Article{RSM:Pun2004,
  author =       "B.B. Punske and S. Rossi and P. Ershler and I.
                 Rasmussen and E.D. Abel",
  title =        "Optical mapping of propagation changes induced by
                 elevated extracellular potassium ion concentration in
                 genetically altered mouse hearts.",
  journal =      j-JE,
  year =         "2004",
  volume =       "37 Suppl",
  pages =        "128--134",
  robnote =      "Lack of insulin receptors in mouse myocytes has been
                 shown to reduce repolarizing potassium currents and
                 prolong action potential duration. We hypothesized that
                 these changes would manifest as rate-related effects on
                 electrical propagation in the intact heart. This study
                 employed optical mapping to characterize propagation
                 changes in intact mouse hearts with
                 cardiomyocyte-restricted knock out of insulin receptors
                 (CIRKO). None of the 8 CIRKO hearts maintained regular
                 responses to atrial stimulation at the 160 ms cycle
                 length under normal conditions; however, all of the WT
                 hearts were captured at this rate. Total activation
                 time for a 4 mm by 4 mm area was longer for CIRKO
                 hearts when compared with WT. Average epicardial
                 conduction velocity was slower for the CIRKO when
                 compared to WT. Propagation delay due to the presence
                 of high [K+]e was significant in both CIRKO and WT
                 mice, but significantly longer for the CIRKO hearts.
                 CONCLUSIONS: These results show that in addition to
                 reducing repolarization currents, impaired myocardial
                 insulin signaling leads to impaired electrical impulse
                 propagation particularly at increased heart rates.
                 These data suggest a link between impaired myocardial
                 insulin signaling and the increased risk of arrhythmia
                 and sudden death in patients with diabetes.",
  bibdate =      "Thu Dec 28 15:49:33 2006",
}

@Article{RSM:Pun2005,
  author =       "B.B. Punske and B. Taccardi and B. Steadman and P.R.
                 Ershler and A. England and M.L. Valencik and J.A.
                 McDonald and S.E. Litwin",
  title =        "Effect of fiber orientation on propagation: electrical
                 mapping of genetically altered mouse hearts.",
  journal =      j-JE,
  year =         "2005",
  month =        oct,
  volume =       "38",
  number =       "4 Suppl",
  pages =        "40--44",
  robnote =      "BACKGROUND: Epicardial potentials reveal the strong
                 effects of fiber anisotropy, rotation, imbrication, and
                 coupling on propagation in the intact heart. From the
                 patterns of the surface potentials, we can obtain
                 information about the local fiber orientation,
                 anisotropy, the transmural fiber rotation, and which
                 direction the wave front is traveling through the wall.
                 In this study, lessons learned from epicardial
                 potential mapping of large hearts were applied to
                 studies conducted in genetically altered mouse hearts.
                 METHODS: An inducible model of the overexpression of
                 a",
  bibdate =      "Thu Dec 28 15:49:33 2006",
}

@Article{RSM:Pun98,
  author =       "B.B. Punske and W.E. Cascio and C. Engle and H.T.
                 Nagle and L.S. Gettes and T.A. Johnson",
  title =        "Quantitative characterization of epicardial wave
                 fronts during regional ischemia and elevated
                 extracellular potassium ion concentration.",
  journal =      "Ann Biomed Eng",
  year =         "1998",
  month =        nov # "-" # dec,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "1010--1021",
  robnote =      "This study applied zero-delay wave number spectral
                 estimation as a means of quantifying the changes in
                 activation and recovery sequences of propagating plane
                 waves on the epicardial surface of in situ porcine
                 hearts during regional hyperkalemia and ischemia.",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 19 10:25:58 2000",
}

@Article{RSM:Pun99,
  author =       "B.B. Punske and R.L. Lux and R.S. MacLeod and M.S.
                 FUller and P.E. Ershler and T.J. Dustman and Y.
                 Vyhmeister and B. Taccardi",
  title =        "Mechanisms of the spatial distribution of {QT}
                 intervals on the epicardial and body surfaces",
  journal =      j-JCE,
  year =         "1999",
  volume =       "10",
  number =       "12",
  pages =        "1605--1618",
  robnote =      "Bonnie's paper on QT intervals and repolarization,
                 activation recovery invervals.",
  bibdate =      "Fri Feb 25 15:48:14 2000",
}

@InProceedings{RSM:Pun99b,
  author =       "B.P. Punske and R.L. Lux and R.S. MacLeod and P.R.
                 Ershler and T.J. Dustman and Y. Vyhmeister and B.
                 Taccardi",
  title =        "Experimental study and removal of the drift of the
                 reference potential from the unipolar electrogram",
  booktitle =    c-EMBS99,
  year =         "1999",
  pages =        "303",
  organization = "IEEE EMBS \& MBES",
  publisher =    "IEE Press",
  robnote =      "Bonnie's poster on drift",
  bibdate =      "Fri Feb 25 15:53:14 2000",
}

@Article{RSM:Pur88,
  author =       "C.J. Purcell and G. Stroink and B.M. Horacek",
  title =        "Effect of Torso Boundaries on Electrical Potential and
                 Magnetic Field of a Dipole",
  journal =      j-BME,
  year =         "1988",
  volume =       "35",
  month =        sep,
  pages =        "671--678",
  robnote =      "ECG064, conductivity",
}

@PhdThesis{RSM:Pur88b,
  author =       "C.J. Purcell",
  title =        "A Comparison of Electric and Magnetic Body Surface
                 Mapping Using Single Moving Dipole Inverse Solutions",
  school =       "Dalhousie {U}niv.",
  address =      "Halifax, {N}ova {S}cotia, {C}anada",
  year =         "1988",
  robnote =      "Chris Purcell's thesis on the inverse solution using
                 single moving dipoles, TorsoModel059",
}

@Article{RSM:Pur92,
  author =       "J. Purdum",
  title =        "Common {C} Errors",
  journal =      j-UR,
  year =         "1992",
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "11",
  pages =        "74--82",
  robnote =      "Some useful advice on C programming",
}

@Article{RSM:Qui2011,
  author =       "T.A. Quinn and S. Granite and M.A. Allessie and C.
                 Antzelevitch and C. Bollensdorff and G. Bub and R.A.B.
                 Burton and E. Cerbai and P.S. Chen and M. Delmar and D.
                 DiFrancesco and Y.E. Earm and I.R. Efimov and M. Egger
                 and E. Entcheva and M. Fink and R. Fischmeister and
                 M.R. Franz and A. Garny and W.R. Giles and T. Hannes
                 and S.E. Harding and P.J. Hunter and s and G. Iribe and
                 J. Jalife and C.R. Johnson and R.S. Kass and I. Kodama
                 and G. Koren and P. Lord and V.S. Markhasin and S.
                 Matsuoka and A.D. McCulloch and G.R. Mirams and G.E.
                 Morley and S. Nattel and D. Noble and S.P. Olesen and
                 A.V. Panfilov and N.A. Trayanova and U. Ravens and S.
                 Richard and D.S. Rosenbaum and Y. Rudy and F. Sachs and
                 F.B. Sachse and D.A. Saint and U. Schotten and O.
                 Solovyova and P. Taggart and L. Tung and A. Varr{\`o}
                 and P.G. Volders and K. Wang and J.N. Weiss and E.
                 Wettwer and E. White and R. Wilders and R.L. Winslow
                 and P. Kohl",
  title =        "Minimum Information about a Cardiac Electrophysiology
                 Experiment ({MICEE}): Standardised reporting for model
                 reproducibility, interoperability, and data sharing",
  journal =      "Prog. Biophys. \& Mol. Biol.",
  volume =       "107",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "4--10",
  year =         "2011",
  month =        oct,
  doi =          "10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2011.07.001",
  pmcid =        "PMC3190048",
  keywords =     "Minimum Information Standard; Cardiac
                 electrophysiology; Data sharing; Reproducibility;
                 Integration; Computational modelling",
  oldkey =       "SCI:Qui2011a",
}

@Article{RSM:Quy86,
  author =       "A.A. Quyyumi and M.B. Rubens and A.F. Rickards and T.
                 Crake and R.D. Levy and K.M. Fox",
  title =        "Importance of Reciprocal Electrocardiographic Changes
                 During Occlusion of Left Anterior Descending Coronary
                 Artery",
  journal =      "Lancet",
  year =         "1986",
  month =        feb,
  pages =        "347--350",
  robnote =      "Interesting PTCA paper looking at the resiprocal
                 changes in the ECG found during inflation. thesis,
                 Ischemia090",
}

@Article{RSM:Quy93,
  author =       "A.A. Quyyumi and J.A. Panza and J.G. Diodati and T.S.
                 Callahan and R.O. Bonow and S.E. Epstein",
  title =        "Prognostic implications of myocardial ischemia during
                 daily life in low risk patients with coronary artery
                 disease",
  journal =      j-ACC,
  year =         "1993",
  volume =       "21",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "700--708",
  robnote =      "Slightly confusing study in which they looked at the
                 outcomes and predictors for a low risk population and
                 tried to figure out if silent ischemia (or anything
                 else they could measures) would predict cardiac events.
                 There were events, and silent ischemia, but the latter
                 did not predict the former.",
}

@Article{RSM:Rad48,
  author =       "J. Radon",
  title =        "Zur mechanischen {K}ubatur",
  journal =      "Monatsh. Math.",
  year =         "1948",
  volume =       "52",
  pages =        "286--300",
  robnote =      "I have now found the details of this reference which I
                 got on inter library loan; it's an oldie (1948) but
                 quite neat to read. Obviously the topic is the Radon
                 method of numerical quadrature. Thesis., NumMath020",
}

@Article{RSM:Ram2000,
  author =       "C. Ramon and Y. Wang and J. Haueisen and P. Schimpf
                 and S. Jaruvatanadilok and A. Ishimaru",
  title =        "Effect of myocardial anisotropy on the torso current
                 flow patterns, potentials and magnetic fields.",
  journal =      "Phys Med Biol",
  year =         "2000",
  month =        may,
  volume =       "45",
  number =       "5",
  pages =        "1141--1150",
  robnote =      "The effects of myocardial anisotropy on the torso
                 current flow patterns, voltage and the magnetic field
                 were examined using an anatomically realistic torso
                 model of an adult male subject. A finite element model
                 of the torso was built with 19 major tissue types
                 identified. The myocardial fibre orientation in the
                 heart wall was included with a voxel resolution of
                 0.078 x 0.078 x 0.3 cm. The fibre orientations from the
                 canine heart which are available in the literature were
                 mapped to our adult male subject's human heart using
                 deformable mapping techniques. The current and
                 potential distribution in the whole torso were computed
                 using an idealized dipolar source of +/-1.0 V in the
                 middle of the septum of the heart wall as a boundary
                 condition. An adaptive finite element solver was used.
                 Two cases were studied. In one case the myocardium was
                 isotropic and in the other it was anisotropic. It was
                 found that the current density distribution shows a
                 very noticeable difference between the isotropic and
                 anisotropic myocardium. The resultant magnetic field in
                 front of the torso was computed using the Biot-Savart
                 law. It was found that the magnetic field profile was
                 slightly affected by the myocardial anisotropy. The
                 potential on the torso surface also shows noticeable
                 changes due to the myocardial anisotropy.",
  bibdate =      "Wed May 2 13:28:11 2001",
}

@Article{RSM:Ram2000b,
  author =       "R.J. Ramirez and S. Nattel and M. Courtemanche",
  title =        "Mathematical analysis of canine atrial action
                 potentials: rate, regional factors, and electrical
                 remodeling",
  journal =      j-AJP,
  year =         "2000",
  volume =       "279",
  pages =        "H1767--H1785",
  robnote =      "myocyte model",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 15 18:03:50 2005",
}

@Article{RSM:Ram2001,
  author =       "C. Ramanathan and Y. Rudy",
  title =        "Electrocardiographic Imaging: {I.} effect of torso
                 inhomgeneities on body surface electrocardiographic
                 potentials",
  journal =      j-JCE,
  year =         "2001",
  volume =       "12",
  pages =        "229--240",
  month =         "Feb.",
  robnote =      "similar to what we did with Ruth but based on the andy
                 2 tank and using 490 sock data from us. One of a pair
                 of papers.",
  bibdate =      "Fri Jun 22 14:43:59 2001",
}

@Article{RSM:Ram2001b,
  author =       "C. Ramanathan and Y. Rudy",
  title =        "Electrocardiographic Imaging: {II.} effect of torso
                 inhomgeneities on epicardial surface
                 electrocardiographic potentials",
  journal =      j-JCE,
  year =         "2001",
  volume =       "12",
  pages =        "241--252",
  month =         "Feb.",
  robnote =      "inverse problem partner of the paper above",
  bibdate =      "Fri Jun 22 14:43:59 2001",
}

@Article{RSM:Ram2003,
  author =       "C. Ramanathan and P. Jia and R. Ghanem and D. Calvetti
                 and Y. Rudy",
  title =        "Noninvasive electrocardiographic imaging ({ECGI}):
                 application of the generalized minimal residual
                 ({GMR}es) method.",
  journal =      j-ABE,
  year =         "2003",
  month =        sep,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "8",
  pages =        "981--994",
  robnote =      "Electrocardiographic imaging (ECGI) is a developing
                 imaging modality for cardiac electrophysiology and
                 arrhythmias. It reconstructs epicardial potentials,
                 electrograms, and isochrones from
                 electrocardiographic",
  bibdate =      "Mon Aug 15 15:40:38 2005",
}

@Article{RSM:Ram2004,
  author =       "C. Ramanathan and R.N. Ghanem and P. Jia and K. Ryu
                 and Y. Rudy",
  title =        "Noninvasive electrocardiographic imaging for cardiac
                 electrophysiology and arrhythmia.",
  journal =      "Nat Med",
  year =         "2004",
  month =        apr,
  volume =       "10",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "422--428",
  robnote =      "Here we demonstrate the successful application in
                 humans of a new imaging modality called
                 electrocardiographic imaging (ECGI), which
                 noninvasively images cardiac electrical activity in the
                 heart. In ECGI, a multielectrode vest records 224
                 body-surface electrocardiograms; electrical potentials,
                 electrograms and isochrones are then reconstructed on
                 the heart's surface using geometrical information from
                 computed tomography (CT) and a mathematical algorithm.
                 We provide examples of ECGI application during atrial
                 and ventricular activation and ventricular
                 repolarization in (i) normal heart (ii) heart with a
                 conduction disorder (right bundle branch block) (iii)
                 focal activation initiated by right or left ventricular
                 pacing, and (iv) atrial flutter.",
  bibdate =      "Mon Aug 15 15:54:14 2005",
}

@Article{RSM:Ram2006,
  author =       "C. Ramanathan and P. Jia and R.N. Ghanem and K.Ryu and
                 Y. Rudy",
  title =        "Noninvasive electrocardiographic imaging of normal
                 human ventricular activation and repolarization.",
  journal =      "PANS",
  year =         "2006",
  volume =       "in review",
  OPTnumber =    "",
  OPTpages =     "",
  OPTmonth =     "",
  OPTnote =      "",
  robnote =      "Dana found this one",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 09 20:49:32 2006",
}

@Article{RSM:Ram2014,
  author =       "S.M. Rampersad and A.M. Janssen and F. Lucka and U. Aydin
                 and B. Lanfer and S. Lew and C.H. Wolters and D.F.
                 Stegeman and T.F. Oostendorp",
  title =        "Simulating transcranial direct current stimulation with a
                 detailed anisotropic human head model.",
  journal =      "IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng",
  year =         "2014",
  month =        "May",
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "441--452",
  robnote =      "Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a
                 noninvasive brain stimulation technique able to induce
                 long-lasting changes in cortical excitability that can
                 benefit cognitive functioning and clinical treatment. In
                 order to both better understand the mechanisms behind tDCS
                 and possibly improve the technique, finite element models
                 are used to simulate tDCS of the human brain. With the
                 detailed anisotropic head model presented in this study,
                 we provide accurate predictions of tDCS in the human brain
                 for six of the practically most-used setups in clinical
                 and cognitive research, targeting the primary motor
                 cortex, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, inferior frontal
                 gyrus, occipital cortex, and cerebellum. We present the
                 resulting electric field strengths in the complete brain
                 and introduce new methods to evaluate the effectivity in
                 the target area specifically, where we have analyzed both
                 the strength and direction of the field. For all cerebral
                 targets studied, the currently accepted configurations
                 produced sub-optimal field strengths. The configuration
                 for cerebellum stimulation produced relatively high field
                 strengths in its target area, but it needs higher input
                 currents than cerebral stimulation does. This study
                 suggests that improvements in the effects of transcranial
                 direct current stimulation are achievable.",
  bibdate =      "Sun Sep 21 22:02:18 2014",
}

@PhdThesis{RSM:Ram74,
  author =       "M. Ramsey",
  title =        "Comparison of Epicardial Potentials with Measured and
                 Simulated Torso Potentials for Ventricular
                 Depolarization and Repolarization in the Dog.",
  school =       "Duke Univ.",
  address =      "",
  year =         "1974",
  robnote =      "This thesis is the basis of the Barr and Ramsey paper
                 (ECG55) describing the experiments performed and the
                 calculations of the torso potentials from the
                 epicardial. This includes the actual dog data used for
                 the work and all the geometry of the problem., ECG056",
}

@Article{RSM:Ram77,
  author =       "K.B. Ramanathan and M.M. Bodenheimer and V.S. Banka
                 and R.H. Helfant",
  title =        "Electrophysiologic effects of partial coronary
                 occlusion and reperfusion",
  journal =      j-AJC,
  year =         "1977",
  volume =       "40",
  pages =        "50--54",
  robnote =      "looked at the electrophysioloical changes following
                 acute ischemia in dogs for both full and partial
                 occlusions. Found shortening of reflractory period
                 after five minutes of occlusion",
}

@Article{RSM:Ran2012,
  author = 	 "R. Ranjan and E.G. Kholmovski and J. Blauer and
                  S. Vijayakumar and N.A. Volland and M.E. Salama and
                  D.L. Parker and R.S. MacLeod and N.F. Marrouche",
  title = 	 "Identification and Acute Targeting of Gaps in Atrial
                  Ablation Lesion Sets using a Real Time MRI System",
  journal = 	 j-CAE,
  year = 	 2012,
  volume = 	 5,
  number = 	 6,
  pages = 	 "1130--1135",
  pmcid =        "PMC3691079",
  robnote =      "BACKGROUND: In this study, we acutely
                 identify and target gaps using a real-time magnetic
                 resonance imaging (RT-MRI) system, leading to a complete
                 and transmural ablation in the atrium. METHODS AND
                 RESULTS: A swine model was used for these studies (n=12).
                 Ablation lesions with a gap were created in the atrium
                 using fluoroscopy and an electroanatomic system in the
                 first group (n=5). The animal was then moved to a 3-tesla
                 MRI system where high-resolution late gadolinium
                 enhancement MRI was used to identify the gap. Using an
                 RT-MRI catheter navigation and visualization system, the
                 gap area was ablated in the MR scanner. In a second group
                 (n=7), ablation lesions with varying gaps in between were
                 created under RT-MRI guidance, and gap lengths determined
                 using late gadolinium enhancement MR images were
                 correlated with gap length measured from gross pathology.
                 Gaps up to 1.0 mm were identified using gross pathology,
                 and gaps up to 1.4 mm were identified using late
                 gadolinium enhancement MRI. Using an RT-MRI system with
                 active catheter navigation gaps can be targeted acutely,
                 leading to lesion sets with no gaps. The correlation
                 coefficient (R(2)) between the gap length was identified
                 using MRI, and the gross pathology was 0.95. CONCLUSIONS:
                 RT-MRI system can be used to identify and acutely target
                 gaps in atrial ablation lesion sets. Acute targeting of
                 gaps in ablation lesion sets can potentially lead to
                 significant improvement in clinical outcomes.",
}

@Article{RSM:Ran2013,
  author =       "L.J. Rantner and F. Vadakkumpadan and P.J. Spevak and
                 J.E. Crosson and N.A. Trayanova",
  title =        "Placement of implantable cardioverter-defibrillators in
                 paediatric and congenital heart defect patients: {A}
                 pipeline for model generation and simulation prediction of
                 optimal configurations",
  journal =      j-JP,
  year =         "2013",
  month =        "Sep.",
  volume =       "591",
  number =       "Pt 17",
  pages =        "4321--4334",
  robnote =      "There is currently no reliable way of predicting the
                 optimal implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD)
                 placement in paediatric and congenital heart defect (CHD)
                 patients. This study aimed to: (1) develop a new image
                 processing pipeline for constructing patient-specific
                 heart-torso models from clinical magnetic resonance images
                 (MRIs); (2) use the pipeline to determine the optimal ICD
                 configuration in a paediatric tricuspid valve atresia
                 patient; (3) establish whether the widely used criterion
                 of shock-induced extracellular potential (Phie) gradients
                 >/=5 V cm(-1) in >/=95\% of ventricular volume predicts
                 defibrillation success. A biophysically detailed
                 heart-torso model was generated from patient MRIs. Because
                 transvenous access was impossible, three subcutaneous and
                 three epicardial lead placement sites were identified
                 along with five ICD scan locations. Ventricular
                 fibrillation was induced, and defibrillation shocks were
                 applied from 11 ICD configurations to determine
                 defibrillation thresholds (DFTs). Two configurations with
                 epicardial leads resulted in the lowest DFTs overall and
                 were thus considered optimal. Three configurations shared
                 the lowest DFT among subcutaneous lead ICDs. The Phie
                 gradient criterion was an inadequate predictor of
                 defibrillation success, as defibrillation failed in
                 numerous instances even when 100\% of the myocardium
                 experienced such gradients. In conclusion, we have
                 developed a new image processing pipeline and applied it
                 to a CHD patient to construct the first active heart-torso
                 model from clinical MRIs.",
  bibdate =      "Sun Sep 14 09:37:51 2014",
  pmcid =        "PMC3779119",
}

@Article{RSM:Ran2014,
  author =       "R. Ranjan and D. Dosdall and L. Norlund and K. Higuchi
                 and J.M. Silvernagel and A.L. Olsen and C.J. Davies and R.
                 Macleod and N.F. Marrouche",
  title =        "Diagnostic imaging and pacemaker implantation in a
                 domestic goat with persistent left cranial vena cava.",
  journal =      "J Vet Cardiol",
  year =         "2014",
  volume =       "16",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "45--50",
  robnote =      "Difficulty was encountered with the insertion of a right
                 atrial pacing lead via the left jugular vein during lead
                 and pacemaker implantation in a clinically normal goat as
                 part of an ongoing rapid atrial pacing - induced atrial
                 fibrillation research project. Fluoroscopic visualization
                 of an abnormal lead advancement path prompted angiographic
                 assessment which revealed a persistent left cranial vena
                 cava (PLCVC) and prominent coronary sinus communicating
                 with the right atrium. Angiography facilitated successful
                 advancement and securing of the pacing lead into the right
                 side of the interatrial septum. Cardiac magnetic resonance
                 imaging/magnetic resonance angiography (MRI/MRA) allowed
                 further characterization of this rare venous anomaly. Even
                 though PLCVC has been reported once in a goat, to the
                 authors' knowledge this is the first report to include
                 MRI/MRA characterization of PLCVC and prominent coronary
                 sinus with successful cardiac pacemaker implantation using
                 the PLCVC.",
  bibdate =      "Sat Feb 15 07:04:30 2014",
  pmcid =        "PMC3967402",
}

@Article{RSM:Ran82,
  author =       "R. Rannacher and R. Scott",
  title =        "Some optimal error estimates for piecewise linear
                 finite element approximations",
  journal =      "Math. Comp.",
  year =         "1982",
  volume =       "38",
  pages =        "437--445",
}

@Article{RSM:Ran90,
  author =       "O.F. Ransen",
  title =        "The Art of Ray Tracing",
  journal =      j-BYTE,
  year =         "1990",
  month =        feb,
  pages =        "238--288",
  robnote =      ", CompSoft168",
}

@Book{RSM:Ran97,
  author =       "D. Randall and W. Burggren and K. French",
  title =        "Eckert Animal Physiology: Mechanisms and Adaptations",
  edition =      "4th Edition",
  publisher =    "Published by W. H. Freeman and Company",
  address =      "New York",
  year =         "1997",
}

@Article{RSM:Rao2004,
  author =       "L. Rao and C. Ding and D.S. Khoury",
  title =        "Nonfluoroscopic localization of intracardiac
                 electrode-catheters combined with noncontact
                 electrical-anatomical imaging.",
  journal =      j-ABE,
  year =         "2004",
  month =        dec,
  volume =       "32",
  number =       "12",
  pages =        "1654--1661",
  robnote =      "We recently combined noncontact mapping and
                 intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) in a single
                 catheter-system that permitted 3D electrical-anatomical
                 imaging of the heart. A catheter-system was placed
                 inside the heart cavity, and consisted of a 9-F sheath
                 carrying a coaxial noncontact 64-electrode lumen-probe
                 on the outside (diameter = 7 mm), and a central ICE
                 catheter on the inside (9 MHz). To reconstruct the
                 endocardial anatomy, the ICE catheter was pulled back
                 inside the sheath and multiple 2D tomographic images
                 were acquired. The noncontact probe was then advanced
                 over the sheath and into the heart cavity. Current
                 pulses were injected into the endocardial contact
                 electrodes and all probe electrodes sensed
                 corresponding potentials. The difference in computed
                 electrode locations compared to ICE was 5.4 +/- 2.4 mm
                 (n = 10).",
  bibdate =      "Sun Jan 7 13:37:59 2007",
}

@Article{RSM:Ras89,
  author =       "H. Rasmussen",
  title =        "The Cycling of Calcium as an Intracellular Messenger",
  journal =      "Scientific American",
  year =         "1989",
  month =        oct,
  pages =        "66--73",
  robnote =      "A more general paper about the way calcium might act
                 as a second messenger system in the internals of the
                 cell, CellPhysiol104",
}

@Article{RSM:Rat87,
  author =       "S. Ratnajeevan and H. Hoole",
  title =        "Nodal perturbations in adaptive expert finite element
                 mesh generation",
  journal =      "IEEE Trans. Mag.",
  year =         "1987",
  volume =       "MAG-23",
  number =       "5",
  pages =        "2635--2637",
  robnote =      "Another paper on finite element mesh adaption
                 techniques.",
}

@InCollection{RSM:Rau73,
  author =       "P.M. Rautaharju and J. Warren and H.K. Wolf",
  title =        "Computer Analysis of Orthogonal and Multiple Scalar
                 Lead Exercise Electrocardiograms",
  booktitle =    "Computer Applications on ECG and VCG Analysis,",
  editor =       "",
  publisher =    "unknown",
  address =      "",
  year =         "1973",
  pages =        "517--530",
  robnote =      "Dalhousie, computer analysis of ECG signals, ECG025",
}

@Article{RSM:Rau80,
  author =       "P.M. Rautaharju and R.J. Prineas and R.S. Crow and D.
                 Seale and C. Furberg",
  title =        "The effect of modified limb electrode positions on
                 electrocardiographic wave amplitudes",
  journal =      j-JE,
  year =         "1980",
  volume =       "13",
  pages =        "H1--H5",
  robnote =      "ECG, Dalhousie, Pentti",
}

@Article{RSM:Red2008,
  author =       "V. Y. Reddy and E. J. Schmidt and G. Holmvang and M.
                 Fung",
  title =        "Arrhythmia recurrence after atrial fibrillation
                 ablation: can magnetic resonance imaging identify gaps
                 in atrial ablation lines?",
  journal =      "J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol",
  volume =       "19",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "434--7",
  keywords =     "Atrial Fibrillation/*diagnosis/*surgery Catheter
                 Ablation/*methods Humans Magnetic Resonance
                 Imaging/*methods Male Middle Aged Outcome Assessment
                 (Health Care)/*methods Prognosis Recurrence/prevention
                 & control Treatment Failure Treatment Outcome",
  year =         "2008",
}

@Article{RSM:Red86,
  author =       "B.R.S. Reddy and I.S.N. Murthy",
  title =        "{ECG} data Compression Using Fourier Descriptors",
  journal =      j-BME,
  year =         "1986",
  volume =       "33",
  pages =        "428--434",
  robnote =      "read it!, ECG001",
}

@Article{RSM:Rei77,
  author =       "K.A. Reimer and J.E. Lowe and M.M. Rasmussen and R.B.
                 Jennings",
  journal =      "Circulation",
  pages =        "786--794",
  title =        "The wavefront phenomenon of ischemic cell death.
                 {M}yocardial Infarct size vs duration of coronary
                 occlusion in dogs",
  volume =       "56",
  year =         "1977",
}

@Article{RSM:Rei79,
  author =       "K. A. Reimer and R. B. Jennings",
  title =        "The changing anatomic reference base of evolving
                 myocardial infarction. Underestimation of myocardial
                 collateral blood flow and overestimation of
                 experimental anatomic infarct size due to tissue edema,
                 hemorrhage and acute inflammation",
  journal =      j-C,
  volume =       "60",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "866--76",
  year =         "1979",
}

@Article{RSM:Rei86,
  author =       "H.C. Reiber",
  title =        "3-{D} Artery View Gauges Bypass Odds",
  journal =      "Computers in Medicine",
  year =         "1986",
  pages =        "8--8",
  robnote =      "A one page blurb on monitoring coronary arteries in 3
                 dimensions, based on PDP-11/34, PTCA, angiogram.,
                 Ischemia001",
}

@InCollection{RSM:Rei86b,
  author =       "K.A. Reimer and R.B. Jennings",
  title =        "Myocardial Ischemia, Hypoxia and Infarction",
  booktitle =    "The Heart and Cardiovascular System",
  editor =       "H.E. Fozzard and others",
  publisher =    "Raven Press",
  address =      "New York",
  year =         "1986",
  pages =        "1133--2101",
  robnote =      "An excellent review of the effects of ischemia on
                 heart tissue; this is a must for understanding what is
                 going on. thesis, Ischemia113",
}

@Article{RSM:Rei92,
  author =       "A. Reinhardt and E. Perratore and A. Redfern and R.
                 Malloy",
  title =        "The greening of computers",
  journal =      j-BYTE,
  year =         "1992",
  pages =        "147--158",
  month =        sep,
  robnote =      "Some interesting ways that computer manufacturers are
                 reducing the environmental damage in making
                 computers.",
}

@Article{RSM:Rel2010,
  author =       "J. Relan and P. Chinchapatnam and M. Sermesant and K.
                 Rhode and H. Delingette and R. Razavi and N. Ayache",
  title =        "Coupled personalisation of electrophysiology models for
                 simulation of induced ischemic ventricular tachycardia.",
  journal =      "Med Image Comput Comput Assist Interv",
  year =         "2010",
  volume =       "13",
  number =       "Pt 2",
  pages =        "420--428",
  robnote =      "Despite recent efforts in cardiac electrophysiology
                 modelling, there is still a strong need to make
                 macroscopic models usable in planning and assistance of
                 the clinical procedures. This requires model
                 personalisation i.e. estimation of patient-specific model
                 parameters and computations compatible with clinical
                 constraints. Fast macroscopic models allow a quick
                 estimation of the tissue conductivity, but are often
                 unreliable in prediction of arrhythmias. On the other
                 side, complex biophysical models are quite expensive for
                 the tissue conductivity estimation, but are well suited
                 for arrhythmia predictions. Here we present a coupled
                 personalisation framework, which combines the benefits of
                 the two models. A fast Eikonal (EK) model is used to
                 estimate the conductivity parameters, which are then used
                 to set the parameters of a biophysical model, the
                 Mitchell-Schaeffer (MS) model. Additional parameters
                 related to Action Potential Duration (APD) and APD
                 restitution curves for the tissue are estimated for the MS
                 model. This framework is applied to a clinical dataset
                 provided with an hybrid X-Ray/MR imaging on an ischemic
                 patient. This personalised MS Model is then used for in
                 silico simulation of clinical Ventricular Tachycardia (VT)
                 stimulation protocol to predict the induction of VT. This
                 proof of concept opens up possibilities of using VT
                 induction modelling directly in the intervention room, in
                 order to plan the radio-frequency ablation lines. INRIA",
  bibdate =      "Sun Dec 4 15:51:50 2011",
}

@Article{RSM:Rel2011,
  author =       "J. Relan and M. Pop and H. Delingette and G.A. Wright and
                 N. Ayache and M. Sermesant",
  title =        "Personalization of a cardiac electrophysiology model
                 using optical mapping and MRI for prediction of changes
                 with pacing.",
  journal =      j-BME,
  year =         "2011",
  month =        "Dec",
  volume =       "58",
  number =       "12",
  pages =        "3339--3349",
  robnote =      "Computer models of cardiac electrophysiology (EP) can be
                 a very efficient tool to better understand the mechanisms
                 of arrhythmias. Quantitative adjustment of such models to
                 experimental data (personalization) is needed in order to
                 test their realism and predictive power, but it remains
                 challenging at the organ scale. In this paper, we propose
                 a framework for the personalization of a 3-D cardiac EP
                 model, the Mitchell-Schaeffer (MS) model, and evaluate its
                 volumetric predictive power under various pacing
                 scenarios. The personalization was performed on ex vivo
                 large porcine healthy hearts using diffusion tensor MRI
                 (DT-MRI) and optical mapping data. The MS model was
                 simulated on a 3-D mesh incorporating local fiber
                 orientations, built from DT-MRI. The 3-D model parameters
                 were optimized using features such as 2-D epicardial
                 depolarization and repolarization maps, extracted from the
                 optical mapping. We also evaluated the sensitivity of our
                 personalization framework to different pacing locations
                 and showed results on its robustness. Further, we
                 evaluated volumetric model predictions for various epi-
                 and endocardial pacing scenarios. We demonstrated
                 promising results with a mean personalization error around
                 5 ms and a mean prediction error around 10 ms (5\% of the
                 total depolarization time). Finally, we discussed the
                 potential translation of such work to clinical data and
                 pathological hearts. INRIA",
  bibdate =      "Sun Dec 4 15:51:50 2011",
}

@Article{RSM:Ren84,
  author =       "R.J. Renka",
  title =        "Interpolation of data on the surface of a sphere",
  journal =      j-ACM-TMS,
  year =         "1984",
  volume =       "10",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "417--436",
  robnote =      "neat article on interpolation scheme that is
                 surface-based. Lots of general purpose stuff here too,
                 although the specific application was for earth-based
                 data. Includes description of two ACM codes that do the
                 bulk of the work",
}

@Article{RSM:Ren84b,
  author =       "R.J. Renka and A.K. Cline",
  title =        "A triangle based ${\rm C^{1}}$ interpolation method",
  journal =      j-RMJM,
  year =         "1984",
  volume =       "14",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "223--238",
  robnote =      "Another reference ot a surface-based interpolation
                 scheme",
}

@Article{RSM:Ren88,
  author =       "R.H. Renzi and R.K. Bottner and S.L. Stroming and A.P.
                 Parente and R.A. Shugoll and K.S. Stark and J.
                 DiMichele and Y.R. Jackson and K.M. Kent and M.W.
                 Krucoff",
  title =        "Quantitative {ST}-Segment Recovery Following
                 Angiographically Successful Angioplasty: {A} Useful
                 Warning of Early Complications",
  journal =      j-JE,
  year =         "1988",
  pages =        "S27--S29",
  robnote =      "This is a clinical study looking at the aftermath of
                 PTCA and how the appearance of complications appears to
                 be a function of the reduction of ST-segment changes in
                 the minutes after deflation. thesis, PTCA013",
}

@Article{RSM:Res90,
  author =       "M. Restivo and W. Craelius and W.B. Gough and N.
                 El-Sherif",
  title =        "A logical state model of reentrant ventricular
                 activation",
  journal =      j-BME,
  year =         "1990",
  volume =       "37",
  month =        apr,
  pages =        "344--353",
  robnote =      "activation model based on the surface and multi
                 states, cellular automata",
}

@Article{RSM:Res90b,
  author =       "M. Restivo and W.B. Gough and N. El-Sherif",
  title =        "Ventricular arrhythmias in the subacute myocardial
                 infarction period: {H}igh-resolution activation and
                 refractory patterns or reentry rhythms",
  journal =      j-CR,
  year =         1990,
  volume =    66,
  pages =     "1310--1327",
  robnote =      "4-day post infarction model of the dog. 64 channel
                 bipolar mapping, study of reentry. Good reference for
                 the experiments. SCOR",
  bibdate =      "Sat Mar 25 13:17:55 2000",
}

@Article{RSM:Res95,
  author =       "M. Restivo and H. Yin and E.B. Caref and A.I. Patel
                 and G. Ndrepepa and M.J. Avitable and M.A. Assadi and
                 N. Isber and N. El-Sherif",
  title =        "Reentrant arrhythmias in the subacute infarction
                 period. The proarrhythmic effect of flecainide acetate
                 on functional reentrant circuits.",
  journal =      j-C,
  year =         "1995",
  volume =       "91",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "1236--46",
  robnote =      "CONCLUSIONS: Because flecainide caused no significant
                 change in refractoriness in both normal and ischemic
                 myocardia, there was no difference in the dimension of
                 the potential reentrant pathway, that is, the
                 continuous line of functional conduction block, around
                 which the reentrant wave fronts circulate. Yet,
                 flecainide resulted in significant rate-dependent
                 slowing of conduction preferentially in ischemic
                 myocardium. The additional slowing of conduction of the
                 common reentrant wave front coupled with minimal
                 changes in the length of the reentrant pathway allowed
                 additional time for the wave front to reexcite normal
                 myocardium on the proximal side of the arc of block.
                 After flecainide, reentry could be induced in hearts in
                 which reentry could not be induced during control. The
                 same proarrhythmic mechanism explains the propensity of
                 nonsustained figure-8 reentrant tachycardias to become
                 sustained after flecainide. LQTS, SCOR",
}

@Article{RSM:Reu87,
  author =       "H. Reuter",
  title =        "Calcium Channel Modulation by Beta-Adrenergic
                 Neurotransmitters in the Heart",
  journal =      "Experientia",
  year =         "1987",
  volume =       "43",
  pages =        "1173--1175",
  robnote =      "A nice looking little review on the effect the beta
                 receptors seem to have on calcium channels from someone
                 who should know., CardCell015",
}

@Article{RSM:Rib79,
  author =       "L.G.T. Ribeiro and E.K. Louie and L.D. Hillis and M.A.
                 Davis and P.R. Maroko",
  title =        "Early augmentation of {R} wave voltage after coronary
                 artery occlusion: {A} useful index of myocardial
                 injury",
  journal =      j-JE,
  year =         "1979",
  volume =       "12",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "89--95",
  robnote =      "No hard copy",
}

@Article{RSM:Rib92,
  author =       "P.M. Ribils and C.K. Morris and T. Kawaguchi and K.
                 Veshima and V.F. Froelicher",
  title =        "Angiographic patterns and severe coronary artery
                 disease: {E}xercise test correlates.",
  journal =      "Arch. Intern. Med.",
  year =         "1992",
  volume =       "152",
  pages =        "1618--1624",
  robnote =      "I don't have the paper itself, but it was reported in
                 another article (Tay95) to describe a correlation
                 between degree of ST segment depresion and severe
                 CAD.",
}

@Article{RSM:Ric2011,
  author = 	 "U. Richter and L. Faes and A. Cristoforetti and M. Mas\'e and
                  F. Ravelli and M. Stridh and L. S{\"o}rnmo",
  title = 	 "A novel approach to propagation pattern analysis in
                  intracardiac atrial fibrillation signals",
  journal = 	 j-ABE,
  year = 	 2011,
  volume = 	 39,
  pages = 	 "310--323",
  Robnote = 	 "Leducq"
}

@Article{RSM:Ric2012,
  author = 	 "U. Richter and L. Faes and F. Ravelli and L. S{\"o}rnmo",
  title = 	 "Propagation pattern analysis in intracardiac atrial
                  fibrillation signals based on sparse modeling",
  journal = 	 j-BME,
  year = 	 2012,
  volume = 	 59,
  pages = 	 "1319--1328",
  Robnote = 	 "Leducq"
}

@Article{RSM:Ric78,
  author =       "J.F. Richeson and T. Akiyama and E. Schenk",
  title =        "A Solid Angle Analysis of the Epicardial Ischemia
                 {TQ-ST} Deflection in the Pig",
  journal =      j-CR,
  year =         "1978",
  volume =       "43",
  pages =        "879--888",
  robnote =      "This one looks like it might be good for the thesis
                 and at least should be good reading to understand how
                 the solid angle theory can be directly used for more
                 practical purposes., Ischemia151",
}

@Article{RSM:Ric82,
  author =       "A. Rich",
  title =        "Understanding Interference-Type Noise",
  journal =      "Analog Devices Application Notes, Vol. 1",
  year =         "1982",
  pages =        "20.81--20.89",
  robnote =      "How to deal with noise without black magic. There
                 rational explanations for - and solutions to - noise
                 problems. A good instructional article on the sources
                 and treatment of noise in electronic circuits.
                 Excellent reading on interference noise specifically.,
                 Electronics020",
}

@Article{RSM:Ric86,
  author =       "D.R. Ricci",
  title =        "Coronary Angioplasty",
  journal =      "Med. North Amer.",
  year =         "1986",
  month =        dec,
  pages =        "774--780",
  robnote =      "A really nice description of angioplasty, how it
                 works, the equipment used today and the results to be
                 expected. Good diagram of the catheter used, I took
                 this for a couple of talks. An excellent intro to
                 angioplasty., Ischemia049",
}

@Article{RSM:Rie89,
  author =       "M. Di Rienzo and P. Castiglioni and G. Mancia and G.
                 Parati and A. Pedotti",
  title =        "24 h sequential spectral analysis of arterial pressure
                 and pulse interval in free-moving subjects",
  journal =      j-BME,
  year =         "1989",
  volume =       "11",
  pages =        "1066--1075",
  robnote =      "Describes a 24-hour tracking of the blood pressure to
                 look for low-frequency variation as a sign of autonomic
                 nervous influence. signal processing",
}

@Article{RSM:Rio91,
  author =       "O. Rioul and M. Vetterli",
  title =        "Wavelets and Signal Processing",
  journal =      "IEEE SP Magazine",
  year =         "1991",
  volume =       "8",
  pages =        "14--38",
  month =        oct,
  robnote =      "A review or tutorial article on wavelets from Dana.",
}

@PhdThesis{RSM:Rit72,
  author =       "H.J. Ritsema van Eck",
  title =        "Digital Computer Simulation of Cardiac Excitation and
                 Repolarization in Man",
  school =       "Dalhousie University",
  address =      "Halifax, N.S.",
  year =         "1972",
  robnote =      "Henk's thesis, Prop056",
}

@Article{RSM:Roa2002,
  author =       "P.J. Roache",
  title =        "Code verification by the method of manufactured
                 solutions",
  journal =      "ASME J Fluids Eng.",
  year =         "2002",
  volume =       "114",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "4--10",
  robnote =      "MMS approach to verification",
  bibdate =      "Fri Jan 14 20:02:56 2005",
}

@TechReport{RSM:Roa2002a,
  author =       "P.J. Roach",
  title =        "Recent Contributions to verification and validation
                 methodology",
  institution =  "Unknown",
  year =         "2002",
  robnote =      "another V and V article",
  bibdate =      "Thu Feb 03 11:58:59 2005",
}

@Article{RSM:Roa2004,
  author =       "P.J. Roache",
  title =        "Building {PDE} codes to be verifiable and
                 validatable",
  journal =      j-CSE,
  year =         "2004",
  month =        sep # "/" # oct,
  robnote =      "nice overview of verification, validation techniques
                 and definitions",
  bibdate =      "Fri Jan 14 18:17:56 2005",
}

@Book{RSM:Roa98,
  author =       "P.J. Roache",
  title =        "Verification and Validation in computational science
                 and engineering",
  publisher =    "Hermosa Publishers",
  year =         "1998",
  robnote =      "book on verification and validation --no hard copy",
  bibdate =      "Fri Jan 14 20:01:31 2005",
}

@Article{RSM:Rob2019,
  author =       "C.G. Robinson and P.P. Samson and KMS Moore and G.D. Hugo
                 and N. Knutson and S. Mutic and S.M. Goddu and A. Lang and
                 D.H. Cooper and M. Faddis and A. Noheria and T.W. Smith
                 and P.K. Woodard and R.J. Gropler and D.E. Hallahan and Y.
                 Rudy and P.S. Cuculich",
  title =        "Phase I/II Trial of Electrophysiology-Guided Noninvasive
                 Cardiac Radioablation for Ventricular Tachycardia.",
  journal =      j-C,
  year =         "2019",
  month =        "Jan",
  volume =       "139",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "313--321",
  robnote =      "BACKGROUND: Case studies have suggested the efficacy of
                 catheter-free, electrophysiology-guided noninvasive
                 cardiac radioablation for ventricular tachycardia (VT)
                 using stereotactic body radiation therapy, although
                 prospective data are lacking. METHODS: We conducted a
                 prospective phase I/II trial of noninvasive cardiac
                 radioablation in adults with treatment-refractory episodes
                 of VT or cardiomyopathy related to premature ventricular
                 contractions (PVCs). Arrhythmogenic scar regions were
                 targeted by combining noninvasive anatomic and electric
                 cardiac imaging with a standard stereotactic body
                 radiation therapy workflow followed by delivery of a
                 single fraction of 25 Gy to the target. The primary safety
                 end point was treatment-related serious adverse events in
                 the first 90 days. The primary efficacy end point was any
                 reduction in VT episodes (tracked by indwelling
                 implantable cardioverter defibrillators) or any reduction
                 in PVC burden (as measured by a 24-hour Holter monitor)
                 comparing the 6 months before and after treatment (with a
                 6-week blanking window after treatment). Health-related
                 quality of life was assessed using the Short Form-36
                 questionnaire. RESULTS: Nineteen patients were enrolled
                 (17 for VT, 2 for PVC cardiomyopathy). Median noninvasive
                 ablation time was 15.3 minutes (range, 5.4-32.3). In the
                 first 90 days, 2/19 patients (10.5\%) developed a
                 treatment-related serious adverse event. The median number
                 of VT episodes was reduced from 119 (range, 4-292) to 3
                 (range, 0-31; P<0.001). Reduction was observed for both
                 implantable cardioverter defibrillator shocks and
                 antitachycardia pacing. VT episodes or PVC burden were
                 reduced in 17/18 evaluable patients (94\%). The frequency
                 of VT episodes or PVC burden was reduced by 75\% in 89\%
                 of patients. Overall survival was 89\% at 6 months and
                 72\% at 12 months. Use of dual antiarrhythmic medications
                 decreased from 59\% to 12\% ( P=0.008). Quality of life
                 improved in 5 of 9 Short Form-36 domains at 6 months.
                 CONCLUSIONS: Noninvasive electrophysiology-guided cardiac
                 radioablation is associated with markedly reduced
                 ventricular arrhythmia burden with modest short-term
                 risks, reduction in antiarrhythmic drug use, and
                 improvement in quality of life. CLINICAL TRIAL
                 REGISTRATION: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ .
                 Unique identifier: NCT02919618.",
  bibdate =      "Sun Jun 30 10:01:59 2019",
  pmcid =        "PMC6331281",
}

@Article{RSM:Rob79,
  author =       "D.E. Roberts and L.T. Hersh and A.M. Scher",
  title =        "Influence of Cardiac Fiber Orientation on Wavefront
                 Voltage, Conduction Velocity, and Tissue Resistivity in
                 the Dog",
  journal =      j-CR,
  year =         "1979",
  volume =       "44",
  pages =        "701--712",
  robnote =      "Some good experimantal background for the other papers
                 on anisotropy in propagation., Prop006",
}

@Article{RSM:Rob82,
  author =       "D.E. Roberts and A.M. Scher",
  title =        "Effect of Tissue Anisotropy on Excitation Potential
                 Fields in Canine Myocardium in Situ",
  journal =      j-CR,
  year =         "1982",
  volume =       "51",
  pages =        "342--351",
  robnote =      "One of the important papers about anisotropy in
                 propagation., Prop003",
}

@Article{RSM:Rob87,
  author =       "F.A. Roberge and J-P Drouhard",
  title =        "Using ${V}_{max}$ to Estimate Changes in the Sodium
                 Membrane Conductance in Cardiac Cells",
  journal =      j-CBR,
  year =         "1987",
  volume =       "2",
  pages =        "351--365",
  robnote =      "A paper from the Montreal folks which looks pretty
                 good and so I should read it., CellPhysiol070",
}

@Unpublished{RSM:Rob88,
  author =       "F.A. Roberge and R. Guardo and A.R. LeBlanc",
  title =        "Electrophysiological Instrumentation and Signal
                 Processing",
  year =         "1988",
  robnote =         "Montreal Mapping system., BSPM030",
}

@Article{RSM:Rob90,
  author =       "F.A. Roberge and L. Boucher",
  title =        "Estimation of fractional changes in peak ${/rm
                 g_{Na}}$, ${/rm g_{Na}}$, ${/rm E_{Na}}$, and ${/rm
                 h_{/infty}}$({V}) of cardiac cells from ${/rm V_{max}}$
                 of the propagating action potential",
  journal =      j-BME,
  year =         "1990",
  volume =       "37",
  month =        may,
  pages =        "489--499",
  robnote =      "cellular electrophysiology model by the Montreal
                 crew",
}

@Article{RSM:Rob96,
  author =       "F.A. Roberge and S. Wang and H. Hogues and L.J. Leon",
  title =        "Propagation on a central fiber surrounded by inactive
                 fibers in a multifibered bundle model.",
  journal =      j-ABE,
  year =         "1996",
  month =        nov # "-" # dec,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "647--661",
  robnote =      "We studied uniform propagation on a central active
                 fiber surrounded by inactive fibers in a multifibered
                 bundle model lying in a large volume conductor. The
                 behavior of a fully active bundle is considered in a
                 companion paper. The bundle is formed by concentric
                 layers of small cylindrical fibers (radius 5 microns),
                 with a uniform minimum distance (d) between any two
                 adjacent fibers, to yield a bundle radius of about 72
                 microns. Individual fibers are identical continuous
                 cables of excitable membrane based on a modified
                 Beeler-Reuter model. The intracellular volume fraction
                 (fi) increases to a maximum of about 90\% as d is
                 reduced and remains unchanged for d < 0.01 micron. In
                 the range of d < 0.01 micron, the central fiber is
                 effectively shielded from external effects by the first
                 concentric layer of inactive fibers, and a large
                 capacitive load current flows across the surrounding
                 inactive membranes. In addition, the fiber proximity
                 produces a circumferentially nonuniform current density
                 (proximity effect) that is equivalent to an increased
                 average longitudinal interstitial resistance. The
                 conduction velocity is reduced as d becomes smaller in
                 the range of d < 0.1 micron, the interstitial potential
                 becomes larger, and both the maximum rate of rise and
                 time constant of the foot of the upstroke are
                 increased. On the other hand, for d > 0.1 micron, there
                 are negligible changes in the shape of the upstroke,
                 and the behavior of the central fiber is close to that
                 of a uniform cable in a restricted volume conductor.
                 For d larger than about 1.2 microns, the active fiber
                 environment is close to an unbounded isotropic volume
                 conductor.",
  bibdate =      "01/19/02 15:23:09",
}

@Article{RSM:Rob97,
  author =       "S.M. Robeson",
  title =        "Spherical methods for spatial interpolation: {R}eview
                 and evaluation",
  journal =      "Cartog. and Geog. Inf. Sys.",
  year =         "1997",
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "3--20",
  robnote =      "Nice review of spherical method of interpolation.
                 kriging, thin plate spline, spherical harmonics",
  bibdate =      "Tue Jan 06 23:28:51 1998",
}

@Article{RSM:Roc2011,
  author =       "B.M. Rocha and F. Kickinger and A.J. Prassl and G. Haase
                 and E.J. Vigmond and R.W. dos Santos and S. Zaglmayr and
                 G. Plank",
  title =        "A macro finite-element formulation for cardiac
                 electrophysiology simulations using hybrid unstructured
                 grids.",
  journal =      j-BME,
  year =         "2011",
  month =        "Apr",
  volume =       "58",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "1055--1065",
  robnote =      "Electrical activity in cardiac tissue can be described by
                 the bidomain equations whose solution for large-scale
                 simulations still remains a computational challenge.
                 Therefore, improvements in the discrete formulation of the
                 problem, which decrease computational and/or memory
                 demands are highly desirable. In this study, we propose a
                 novel technique for computing shape functions of finite
                 elements (FEs). The technique generates macro FEs (MFEs)
                 based on the local decomposition of elements into
                 tetrahedral subelements with linear shape functions. Such
                 an approach necessitates the direct use of hybrid meshes
                 (HMs) composed of different types of elements. MFEs are
                 compared to classic standard FEs with respect to accuracy
                 and RAM memory usage under different scenarios of cardiac
                 modeling, including bidomain and monodomain simulations in
                 2-D and 3-D for simple and complex tissue geometries. In
                 problems with analytical solutions, MFEs displayed the
                 same numerical accuracy of standard linear triangular and
                 tetrahedral elements. In propagation simulations,
                 conduction velocity and activation times agreed very well
                 with those computed with standard FEs. However, MFEs offer
                 a significant decrease in memory requirements. We conclude
                 that HMs composed of MFEs are well suited for solving
                 problems in cardiac computational electrophysiology.",
  bibdate =      "Sun Jun 17 07:29:53 2012",
  pmcid =        "PMC3223405",
}

@Article{RSM:Rod2002,
  author =       "D.M. Roden and J.R. Balser and J.r. George AL and M.E.
                 Anderson",
  title =        "Cardiac ion channels.",
  journal =      "Annu Rev Physiol",
  year =         "2002",
  volume =       "64",
  pages =        "431--475",
  robnote =      "The normal electrophysiologic behavior of the heart is
                 determined by ordered propagation of excitatory stimuli
                 that result in rapid depolarization and slow
                 repolarization, thereby generating action potentials in
                 individual myocytes. Abnormalities of impulse
                 generation, propagation, or the duration and
                 configuration of individual cardiac action potentials
                 form the basis of disorders of cardiac rhythm, a
                 continuing major public health problem for which
                 available drugs are incompletetly effective and often
                 dangerous. The integrated activity of specific ionic
                 currents generates action potentials, and the genes
                 whose expression results in the molecular components
                 underlying individual ion currents in heart have been
                 cloned. This review discusses these new tools and how
                 their application to the problem of arrhythmias is
                 generating new mechanistic insights to identify
                 patients at risk for this condition and developing
                 improved antiarrhythmic therapies.",
  bibdate =      "Mon Nov 20 07:50:06 2006",
}

@Article{RSM:Rod2005,
  author =       "B. Rodriguez and L. Li and J.C. Eason and I.R. Efimov
                 and N.A. Trayanova",
  title =        "Differences between left and right ventricular chamber
                 geometry affect cardiac vulnerability to electric
                 shocks",
  journal =      j-CR,
  year =         "2005",
  month =        "Jul.",
  volume =       "97",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "168--175",
  robnote =      "The goal of this study was to use optical imaging
                 experiments and 3-D bidomain simulations to investigate
                 the role of structural differences between left and
                 right ventricles in vulnerability to electric shocks in
                 rabbit hearts. The ventricles were paced apically, and
                 uniform-field, truncated-exponential, monophasic shocks
                 of reversed polarity were applied over a range of
                 coupling intervals (CIs) in experiment and model.
                 Experiments and simulations revealed that reversing the
                 direction of externally-applied field (RV- or LV-
                 shocks) alters the shape of the vulnerability area
                 (VA), the 2-D grid encompassing episodes of arrhythmia
                 induction. For RV- shocks, VA was nearly rectangular
                 indicating little dependence of postshock
                 arrhythmogenesis on CI. For LV- shocks, the probability
                 of arrhythmia induction was higher for longer than for
                 shorter CIs. The 3-D simulations demonstrated that
                 these effects stem from the fact that reversal of field
                 direction results in relocation of the main postshock
                 excitable area from LV wall (RV- shocks) to septum (LV-
                 shocks). Furthermore, the effect of septal (but not LV)
                 excitable area in postshock propagation was found to
                 strongly depend on preshock state. Knowledge regarding
                 the location of the main postshock excitable area
                 within the 3-D ventricular volume could be important
                 for improving defibrillation efficacy.",
  bibdate =      "Sun Jan 7 20:42:52 2007",
}

@Article{RSM:Rod2018,
  author = 	 "A. Rodenhauser and W.W. Good and B. Zenger and J.D. Tate and
                  K. Aras and B.M. Burton and R.S. MacLeod",
  title = 	 "{PFEIFER}: Preprocessing Framework for Electrograms
                  Intermittently Fiducialized from Experimental Recordings",
  journal = 	 "J. Open Source Software",
  year = 	 2018,
  volume = 	 3,
  number = 	 21,
  pages = 	 472,
  Robnote = 	 "Anton's (and Pfeifer's) first paper!"
}

@Article{RSM:Rod98,
  author =       "D.M. Roden",
  title =        "Mechanisms and management of proarrhythmia.",
  journal =      j-AJC,
  year =         "1998",
  volume =       "82",
  number =       "4A",
  pages =        "49I-57I",
  robnote =      "see if this one is of any use. LQTS",
}

@Article{RSM:Roe54,
  author =       "J. Roesler and W. Dressler",
  title =        "Transient Electrocardiographic Changes Identical with
                 those of Acute Myocardial Infarction Accompanying
                 Attacks of Angina Pectoris",
  journal =      j-AHJ,
  year =         "1954",
  volume =       "47",
  pages =        "520",
  robnote =      "A reference in PTCA14 (Selvester) on changes in acute
                 ischemia which are mimiced during balloon inflation
                 durging PTCA. Don't have a copy of this one but use it
                 in thesis., Ischemia115",
}

@Article{RSM:Rog2002,
  author =       "J.M. Rogers and S.B. Melnick and J. Huang",
  title =        "Fiberglass needle electrodes for transmural cardiac
                 mapping",
  journal =      j-BME,
  year =         "2002",
  volume =       "49",
  number =       "12",
  pages =        "1639--1641",
  robnote =      "report of new plunge electrode design that we now also
                 use",
  bibdate =      "Thu Oct 05 07:39:01 2006",
}

@PhdThesis{RSM:Rog67,
  author =       "C. Rogers",
  title =        "Inverse Electrocardiography -- {M}ultistage
                 Solutions",
  school =       "Duke University",
  address =      "Durham, NC",
  year =         "1967",
  robnote =      "An earlyt thesis on inverse solutions and one referred
                 to in MArtin's thesis. Don't know hoe far this one got
                 but they at least recorded data from a dog which was
                 used on Martin's thesis too., TorsoModel078",
}

@Article{RSM:Rog68,
  author =       "C.L. Rogers and T.C. Pilkington",
  title =        "Free-Moment Current Dipoles in Inverse
                 Electrocardiography",
  journal =      j-BME,
  year =         "1968",
  volume =       "15",
  pages =        "312--323",
  robnote =      "One of a series of three papers with Pilkington and
                 Barr on a moving dipole and switched dipole inverse
                 solution., TorsoModel020",
}

@Article{RSM:Rog94,
  author =       "J.M. Rogers and A.D. McCulloch",
  title =        "A collocation--Galerkin finite element model of
                 cardiac action potential propagation.",
  journal =      j-BME,
  year =         "1994",
  month =        aug,
  volume =       "41",
  number =       "8",
  pages =        "743--757",
  robnote =      "A new computational method was developed for modeling
                 the effects of the geometric complexity, nonuniform
                 muscle fiber orientation, and material inhomogeneity of
                 the ventricular wall on cardiac impulse propagation.
                 The method was used to solve a modification to the
                 FitzHugh-Nagumo system of equations. The geometry,
                 local muscle fiber orientation, and material parameters
                 of the domain were defined using linear Lagrange or
                 cubic Hermite finite element interpolation. Spatial
                 variations of time-dependent excitation and recovery
                 variables were approximated using cubic Hermite finite
                 element interpolation, and the governing finite element
                 equations were assembled using the collocation method.
                 To overcome the deficiencies of conventional
                 collocation methods on irregular domains, Galerkin
                 equations for the no-flux boundary conditions were used
                 instead of collocation equations for the boundary
                 degrees-of-freedom. The resulting system was evolved
                 using an adaptive Runge-Kutta method. Converged
                 two-dimensional simulations of normal propagation
                 showed that this method requires less CPU time than a
                 traditional finite difference discretization. The model
                 also reproduced several other physiologic phenomena
                 known to be important in arrhythmogenesis including:
                 Wenckebach periodicity, slowed propagation and
                 unidirectional block due to wavefront curvature,
                 reentry around a fixed obstacle, and spiral wave
                 reentry. In a new result, we observed wavespeed
                 variations and block due to nonuniform muscle fiber
                 orientation. The findings suggest that the finite
                 element method is suitable for studying normal and
                 pathological cardiac activation and has significant
                 advantages over existing techniques.",
  bibdate =      "Mon Jan 8 18:24:04 2007",
}

@Article{RSM:Rog97,
  author =       "J.M. Rogers and M. Usui and B.H. KenKnight and R.E.
                 Ideker and W.M. Smith",
  title =        "A quantitative framework for analyzing epicardial
                 activation patterns during ventricular fibrillation.",
  journal =      "Ann Biomed Eng (4ZX)",
  year =         "1997",
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "5",
  pages =        "749--60",
  robnote =      "",
}

@InProceedings{RSM:Rom94,
  author =       "D. Romberg and D.B. Geselowitz and E.J. Berbari and
                 J.W. Dyer and P. Persson",
  title =        "Spatial filtering of epicardial electrograms from
                 infarct regions:{A}n {\emph{in vitro}} study",
  booktitle =    c-CinC,
  year =         "1994",
  pages =        "153--156",
  publisher =    pub-IEEE,
  robnote =      "Applied 2D gradient electrodes to estimate first and
                 second order spatial gradient (Laplacian) and then
                 looked for deflections in otherwise unreadable
                 electrograms. Found that close electrode spacing
                 100--200 ($\mu$m) was required to detect something in
                 really bad cases. No objective standard with which to
                 evaluate results. cardiac mapping, activation mapping",
}

@Article{RSM:Roo87,
  author =       "H. Roozen and A. van Oosterom",
  title =        "Computing the Activation Sequence at the Ventricular
                 Heart Surface from Body Potentials",
  journal =      "Med. Biol. Eng. Comput.",
  year =         "1987",
  volume =       "25",
  pages =        "250--260",
  robnote =      "A paper I have not seen buyt referred to in Huiskamp's
                 work. It is one of the early ones, though not the
                 first, by Cuppen. thesis, TorsoModel068",
}

@Book{RSM:Roo89,
  author =       "R.S. Root-Bernstein",
  title =        "Discovering",
  publisher =    "pub-HUP",
  year =         "1989",
  address =      "Cambridge",
  robnote =      "Some thoughts on the process of discovery",
}

@Article{RSM:Ros2004,
  author = 	 "M. Rossner and K.M. Yamada",
  title = 	 "What's in a picture? The temptation of image manipulation",
  journal = 	 "J. Cell Biol.",
  year = 	 2004,
  volume = 	 166,
  number = 	 1,
  pages = 	 11,
  Robnote = 	 "guidlines about image manipulation"
}

@Article{RSM:Ros2009,
  author =       "A. Rossillo and S. Indiani and A. Bonso and S.
                 Themistoclakis and A. Corrado and A. Raviele",
  title =        "Novel {ICE}-guided registration strategy for
                 integration of electroanatomical mapping with
                 three-dimensional {CT}/{MR} images to guide catheter
                 ablation of atrial fibrillation.",
  journal =      "J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol",
  year =         "2009",
  month =        apr,
  volume =       "20",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "374--378",
  robnote =      "INTRODUCTION: Image integration is used in AF ablation
                 procedures. To maximize the efficacy of image
                 integration, it is essential to obtain good alignment
                 between the electroanatomical map and the 3D image of
                 the heart. In the present study, we compared an
                 ICE-guided landmark registration with an ICE-guided
                 focused endocardial surface registration. METHODS AND
                 RESULTS: In 20 patients, registration was based on
                 posterior landmarks acquired under ICE guidance (group
                 A); in another 20 matched patients, a new ICE-guided
                 focused endocardial surface registration technique was
                 used (group B). In these latter patients, a single
                 landmark was acquired in the inferior part of the LIPV,
                 and several surface points were recorded in the
                 posterior area of the left PV antrum and around the
                 antra of the right PVs. The mean ablation point-to-CT
                 image distance was calculated in both groups. In group
                 A, the mean landmark point-to-CT image distance was
                 also calculated after adding the surface registration.
                 The mean landmark point-to-CT image distance was 4.62
                 +/- 1.65 mm and increased to 7.66 +/- 2.44 mm when
                 surface registration was added. The ablation
                 point-to-CT image distance was significantly shorter in
                 group B (1.73 +/- 0.29 mm vs 3 +/- 0.99 mm; P < 0.001).
                 CONCLUSIONS: This ICE-guided focused endocardial
                 surface registration seems to be superior to landmark
                 registration in achieving a better alignment between
                 the CT/MR image and the electroanatomical map. The
                 concurrent use of standard surface registration may
                 result in rotation of the atrial chamber.",
  bibdate =      "Sun Dec 6 20:47:12 2009",
}

@Article{RSM:Ros76,
  author =       "J. Ross",
  title =        "Electrographic {ST}-Segment Analysis in the
                 Characterization of Myocardial Ischemia and
                 Infarction",
  journal =      j-C,
  year =         "1976",
  volume =       "53",
  pages =        "I73--I81",
  robnote =      "This is a nice review of what is going on during
                 ischemia. thesis, Ischemia018",
}

@Article{RSM:Ros90,
  author =       "D.S. Rosenbaum and D.T. Kaplan and D.J. Wilber and
                 J.P. Saul and J.N. Ruskin and H. Garan",
  title =        "The precision of electrophysiological mapping:
                 {L}ocalizing depolarization wave fronts from digitized
                 extracellular electrograms and the role of data
                 sampling rate",
  journal =      j-JCE,
  year =         "1990",
  volume =       "1",
  month =        "",
  pages =        "2--14",
  robnote =      "Arrhythmias, used bipole leads derived from unipolar
                 measurements and compared manual against algorithmic
                 methods for finding activation time. Found 10ms
                 variation between repeated manual evaluation and
                 derived from this an error of about 1 cm in localizing
                 earliest sites of acvitvation. They used a chronic
                 infarct model and so had cases of delayed conduction in
                 the mix.",
}

@Article{RSM:Ros90b,
  author =       "S. Rosen",
  title =        "The origins of modern computing",
  journal =      j-ACM-CR,
  year =         "1990",
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "9",
  pages =        "450--481",
  robnote =      "history of computing article",
}

@Article{RSM:Ros92,
  author =       "M. Rosen",
  title =        "Did {W}olff, {P}arkinson and {W}hite mind their {P}s
                 and {Q}s?",
  journal =      j-CAR,
  year =         "1992",
  volume =       "26",
  pages =        "1164--1169",
  robnote =      "A suggestion that WPW were not the first to describe
                 this syndrome, Mines was!",
}

@Article{RSM:Ros96,
  author =       "D.S. Rosenbaum and P. Albrecht and R.J. Cohen",
  title =        "Predicting sudden cardiac death from {T} wave
                 alternans of the surface electrocardiogram: promise and
                 pitfalls.",
  journal =      j-JCE,
  year =         "1996",
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "11",
  pages =        "1095--111",
  robnote =      "Despite advances in preventative treatment for
                 patients known to be at risk, to date we have been able
                 to identify, and thus treat, only a small minority of
                 these patients. Therefore, there is a major need to
                 develop noninvasive diagnostic technologies to identify
                 patients at risk. Recent studies have demonstrated that
                 measurement of microvolt-level T wave alternans is a
                 promising technique for the accurate identification of
                 patients at risk for ventricular arrhythmias and sudden
                 cardiac death. In this article, we review the clinical
                 data establishing the relationship between microvolt T
                 wave alternans and susceptibility to ventricular
                 arrhythmias. We also review the methods and technology
                 that have been developed to measure microvolt levels of
                 T wave alternans noninvasively in broad populations of
                 ambulatory patients. In particular, we examine
                 techniques that permit the accurate measurement of T
                 wave alternans during exercise stress testing. LQTS,
                 SCOR",
}

@Article{RSM:Rot13,
  author =       "C.J. Rothberger and H. Winterberg",
  title =        "Studien {\"u}ber die {B}estimmung des
                 {A}usgangspunktes ventrikularer {E}xtrasystolen mit
                 {H}ilfe des {E}lektrokardiogramms",
  journal =      j-PAP,
  year =         "1913",
  volume =       "154",
  pages =        "571",
  robnote =      "earliest reference I have to cardiac mapping, from
                 RSM:Ide87 epicardal mapping, arrhythmias, no hard
                 copy",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 03 16:22:29 1998",
}

@Article{RSM:Rot82,
  author =       "M.T. Rothman and D.S. Baim and J.B. Simpson and D.C.
                 Harrison",
  title =        "Coronary Hemodynamics During Percutaneous Transluminal
                 Coronary Angioplasty",
  journal =      j-AJC,
  year =         "1982",
  volume =       "4",
  pages =        "1615--1622",
  robnote =      "Here hemodynamic variables including venous flow,
                 oxygen saturation and aortic blood pressure were
                 measured before, during and after PTCA. Transient
                 ischemic myocardial dysfunction was also seen. thesis,
                 Ischemia033",
}

@Article{RSM:Rot86,
  author =       "B.J. Roth and J.P. Wikswo",
  title =        "A Bidomain Model for the Extracellular Potential and
                 Magnetic Field of the Cardiac Tissue",
  journal =      j-BME,
  year =         "1986",
  volume =       "33",
  pages =        "467--469",
  robnote =      "Prop054",
}

@Article{RSM:Rot86b,
  author =       "B.J. Roth and J.P. Wikswo",
  title =        "Electrically Silent Magnetic Fields",
  journal =      j-BJ,
  year =         "1986",
  volume =       "5",
  pages =        "739--745",
  robnote =      "Nice description of what anisotropy means, both for
                 the electric and magnetic fields. This paper contains
                 bidomain stuff too, so more than just MCG. ECG060",
}

@Article{RSM:Rot93,
  author =       "B. Roth and A. Gorbach and S. Sato",
  title =        "How well does a three-sphere model predict positions
                 of dipoles in a realistically shaped head?",
  journal =      "Electroencephalography and clinical Neurophysiology",
  year =         "1993",
  volume =       "87",
  pages =        "175--184",
  robnote =      "inverse problems,",
}

@Article{RSM:Roy2011,
  author = 	 "C.J. Roy and W.L. Oberkamp",
  title = 	 "A comprehensive framework for verification, validation, and
                  uncertainty quantification in scientific computing",
  journal = 	 "Comp. Meth. in Appl. Mech. and Eng.",
  year = 	 2011,
  volume = 	 200,
  number = 	 25,
  pages = 	 "2131-2144",
  Robnote = 	 "VVUQ basics"
}

@Article{RSM:Roy96,
  author =       "M.L. Roy and R. Dumaine and A.M. Brown",
  title =        "{HERG}, a primary human ventricular target of the
                 nonsedating antihistamine terfenadine",
  journal =      j-C,
  year =         "1996",
  volume =       "94",
  pages =        "817--823",
  robnote =      "They found that HERG was 10 times more sensitive than
                 Kv1.5 to terfenadine block. They proposed that the
                 blocking of HERG by terfenadine explains the acquired
                 long QT syndrome. HERG is likely to be the primary
                 target for the known cardiotoxic effects of other,
                 related antihistamines.",
  bibdate =      "Tue Oct 30 12:33:16 2001",
}

@Article{RSM:Rub93,
  author =       "P. Rubel and J. Fayn and J.L. Willems and C. Zywietz",
  title =        "New trends in serial {ECG} analysis",
  journal =      j-JE,
  year =         "1993",
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "Suppl",
  pages =        "122--128",
  robnote =      "Describes work to set up standard ECG databases in
                 Europe. ISCE meeting proceedings paper.",
}

@Article{RSM:Rud2008,
  author =       "Y. Rudy and M.J. Ackerman and D.M. Bers and C.E. Clancy
                 and S.R. Houser and B. London and A.D. McCulloch and D.A.
                 Przywara and R.L. Rasmusson and R.J. Solaro and N.A.
                 Trayanova and D.R. Van Wagoner and A. Varro and J.N. Weiss
                 and D.A. Lathrop",
  title =        "Systems approach to understanding electromechanical
                 activity in the human heart: a national heart, lung, and
                 blood institute workshop summary.",
  journal =      j-C,
  year =         "2008",
  month =        "Sep",
  volume =       "118",
  number =       "11",
  pages =        "1202--1211",
  robnote =      "The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
                 convened a workshop of cardiologists, cardiac
                 electrophysiologists, cell biophysicists, and
                 computational modelers on August 20 and 21, 2007, in
                 Washington, DC, to advise the NHLBI on new research
                 directions needed to develop integrative approaches to
                 elucidate human cardiac function. The workshop strove to
                 identify limitations in the use of data from nonhuman
                 animal species for elucidation of human electromechanical
                 function/activity and to identify what specific
                 information on ion channel kinetics, calcium handling, and
                 dynamic changes in the intracellular/extracellular milieu
                 is needed from human cardiac tissues to develop more
                 robust computational models of human cardiac
                 electromechanical activity. This article summarizes the
                 workshop discussions and recommendations on the following
                 topics: (1) limitations of animal models and differences
                 from human electrophysiology, (2) modeling ion channel
                 structure/function in the context of whole-cell
                 electrophysiology, (3) excitation-contraction coupling and
                 regulatory pathways, (4) whole-heart simulations of human
                 electromechanical activity, and (5) what human data are
                 currently needed and how to obtain them. The
                 recommendations can be found on the NHLBI Web site at
                 http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/meetings/workshops/electro.htm.",
  bibdate =      "Fri Aug 14 14:51:09 2009",
}

@Article{RSM:Rud2015,
  author =       "Y. Rudy and B.D. Lindsay",
  title =        "Electrocardiographic imaging of heart rhythm disorders:
                 {F}rom bench to bedside",
  journal =      "Card. Electrophysiol. Clin.",
  year =         "2015",
  month =        "Mar.",
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "17--35",
  robnote =      "Noninvasive electrocardiographic imaging (ECGI; also
                 called ECG mapping) can reconstruct potentials,
                 electrograms, activation sequences, and repolarization
                 patterns on the epicardial surface of the heart with high
                 resolution. ECGI can possibly be used to quantify
                 synchrony, identify potential responders/nonresponders to
                 cardiac resynchronization therapy, and guide electrode
                 placement for effective resynchronization therapy. This
                 article provides a brief description of the ECGI procedure
                 and selected previously published examples of its
                 application in important clinical conditions, including
                 heart failure, cardiac resynchronization therapy, atrial
                 arrhythmias, and ventricular tachycardia.",
  bibdate =      "Mon May 11 21:58:58 2015",
  pmcid =        "PMC4337422",
}

@Article{RSM:Rud79,
  author =       "Y. Rudy and R. Plonsey",
  title =        "The Eccentric Spheres Model as the Basis for a Study
                 of the Role of Geometry and Inhomogeneities in
                 Electrocardiography",
  journal =      j-BME,
  year =         "1979",
  volume =       "26",
  pages =        "392--399",
  robnote =      "One of the papers on Rudy's eccentric sphere model for
                 the inverse solution. thesis, TorsoModel018",
}

@Article{RSM:Rud79b,
  author =       "Y. Rudy and R. Plonsey",
  title =        "The effects of variations in conductivity and
                 geometrical parameters on the electrocardiogram, using
                 an eccentric spheres model",
  journal =      j-CR,
  year =         "1979",
  volume =       "44",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "104--111",
  robnote =      "Another of the eccentric spheres model of analytical
                 forward and inverse solutions from Yoran and Bob
                 Plonsey. This one look sat the effect of conductivity
                 and geometry, much of the material is covered again the
                 1988 review. inverse problem",
}

@Article{RSM:Rud80,
  author =       "Y. Rudy and R. Plonsey",
  title =        "A Comparison of Volume Conductor and Source Geometry
                 Effects on Body Surface and Epicardial Potentials",
  journal =      j-CR,
  year =         "1980",
  volume =       "46",
  pages =        "283--291",
  robnote =      "A description of Yoram's concentricl spheres model and
                 how it can be used to look at properties of the medium
                 and geometry on the way potentials transform from the
                 body to the epicardial surface. thesis, TorsoModel003",
}

@Article{RSM:Rud88,
  author =       "Y. Rudy and B.J. Messinger-Rapport",
  title =        "The Inverse Solution in Electrocardiography:
                 {S}olutions in Terms of Epicardial Potentials",
  journal =      j-CRC,
  year =         "1988",
  volume =       "16",
  pages =        "215--268",
  robnote =      "A major review of the inverse problem including why
                 one uses the boundary element method, other options,
                 what type of regularization and effects of noise,
                 incorrect geometry, etc. on the results. thesis,
                 TorsoModel016",
}

@Article{RSM:Rud90,
  author =       "T.D. Ruddy",
  title =        "Positron Emission Tomography of the Heart",
  journal =      "Medicine North America",
  year =         "1990",
  month =        feb,
  pages =        "420--428",
  robnote =      "PET scans in cardiology, Cardiol016",
}

@Article{RSM:Rud92,
  author =       "Y. Rudy and H. Oster",
  title =        "The Electrocardiographic inverse problem",
  journal =      j-CRC,
  year =         "1992",
  volume =       "20",
  pages =        "22--45",
  robnote =      "Yet another inverse review, but this one includes some
                 results from Bruno's original tank to show the effect
                 of a) numbers of leads, b) regularization including
                 time",
}

@InCollection{RSM:Rud93,
  author =       "Y. Rudy and H.S. Oster",
  title =        "The electrocardiographic inverse solution",
  booktitle =    "High-Performance Computing in Biomedical Research",
  publisher =    pub-CRC,
  year =         "1993",
  editor =       "T.C. Pilkington and Loftis B. and J.F. Thompson and
                 S.L. Woo and T. C Palmer and T.F. Budinger",
  chapter =      "6",
  pages =        "135--155",
  robnote =      "inverse solution using time regularization twomey
                 method.",
}

@Article{RSM:Rus63,
  author =       "S. Rush and J.A. Abildskov and R. McFee",
  title =        "Resistivity of Body Tissues at Low Frequencies",
  journal =      j-CR,
  year =         "1963",
  volume =       "12",
  pages =        "40--50",
  robnote =      "A source of resistivity values for most of the torso
                 calculations performed. A universal reference.,
                 TorsoModel024",
}

@Article{RSM:Rus98,
  author =       "G. S. Russell and R. Srinivasan and D. M. Tucker",
  title =        "{B}ayesian Estimates of Error Bounds for {EEG} Source
                 Imaging",
  journal =      j-BME,
  year =         "1998",
  OPTkey =       "",
  volume =       "17",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "1084--1089",
  OPTmonth =     "",
  OPTnote =      "",
  robnote =      "This is the paper that talks about using evidence as a
                 selection criteria for prior variances, and entropy",
}

@Article{RSM:Saa2002,
  author =       "E.B. Saad and N.F. Marrouche and C.R. Cole and A.
                 Natale",
  title =        "Simultaneous Epicardial and Endocardial Mapping of
                 Left-Sided Posteroseptal Accessory Pathway Associated
                 with a Large Coronary Sinus Diverticulum: Successful
                 Ablation by Transection of the Diverticulum's Neck",
  journal =      j-P,
  year =         "2002",
  volume =       "25",
  pages =        "1524--1526",
  robnote =      "Earliest Ventricular Activation Site was recorded
                 epicardially using a catheter in the pericardial space,
                 but energy delivered at this site was not possible due
                 to high impedances.",
  bibdate =      "Tue Nov 18 11:15:59 1997",
}

@Article{RSM:Saa2002a,
  author =       "E.B. Saad and N.F. Marrouche and A. Natale",
  title =        "Ablation of focal atrial fibrillation.",
  journal =      "Card Electrophysiol Rev",
  year =         "2002",
  month =        "Dec",
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "389--396",
  robnote =      "afib Review. New insights
                 into the pathophysiology of AF initiation and maintenance
                 have provided the background for the design of catheter
                 based procedures.",
  bibdate =      "Mon Jan 18 10:55:10 2010",
}

@Article{RSM:Saa2002b,
  author =       "E.B. Saad and C.R. Cole and N.F. Marrouche and T.J.
                 Dresing and A. Perez-Lugones and W.I. Saliba and R.A.
                 Schweikert and A. Klein and L. Rodriguez and R. Grimm
                 and P. Tchou and A. Natale",
  title =        "Use of intracardiac echocardiography for prediction of
                 chronic pulmonary vein stenosis after ablation of
                 atrial fibrillation.",
  journal =      j-JCE,
  year =         "2002",
  month =        oct,
  volume =       "13",
  number =       "10",
  pages =        "986--989",
  robnote =      "afib INTRODUCTION: Measurements of pulmonary vein (PV) flow
                 with intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) immediately
                 before and after PV isolation may be a useful method
                 for predicting which patients will develop chronic PV
                 stenosis. METHODS AND RESULTS: We assessed preablation
                 and postablation flows in each of the four PVs using a
                 phase-array ICE catheter in 95 patients (mean age 52
                 +/- 13) undergoing atrial fibrillation ablation. The
                 ostium of each of the PVs was defined using
                 angiography, electrical mapping, and ICE imaging.
                 Ostial electrical isolation of all PVs was achieved
                 using a 4-mm cooled-tip radiofrequency ablation
                 catheter. Change in PV flow, when present, was examined
                 as both an absolute value and as a percentage of the
                 baseline flow. All patients underwent spiral computed
                 tomography (CT) scans of the PVs 3 months after the
                 procedure for detection of stenosis. The average
                 preablation diastolic flows for the left superior, left
                 inferior, right superior, and right inferior veins were
                 0.56, 0.54, 0.47, and 0.45 m/sec, respectively. These
                 values increased to 0.74, 0.67, 0.58, and 0.59 m/sec
                 postablation (P < 0.001). Of 380 PVs ablated, the CT
                 scans revealed 2 (1\%) with severe (>70\%) stenosis, 13
                 (3\%) with moderate (51\%-70\%) stenosis, and 62 (16\%)
                 with mild (< or = 50\%) stenosis. The r value between
                 flow and stenosis was only 0.09 (P = NS). CONCLUSION:
                 Acute changes in PV flow immediately after ostial PV
                 isolation do not appear to be a strong predictor of
                 chronic PV stenosis.",
  bibdate =      "Sat Aug 11 12:17:51 2007",
}

@Article{RSM:Saa78,
  author =       "M. Saarinen and P. Siltanen and P.J. Karp and T.E.
                 Katila",
  title =        "The Normal Magnetocardiogram: {I} Morphology",
  journal =      "Ann. Clin. Res.",
  year =         "1978",
  volume =       "1",
  pages =        "1--43",
  robnote =      "magnetocardiogram, MCG, mapping of MCG, A nice review
                 of the state of the art back in '78 with some good
                 basic information, a good place to start reading about
                 MCG., ECG027",
}

@InCollection{RSM:Sab85,
  author =       "M.A. Sabin",
  title =        "Contouring --- the State of the Art",
  booktitle =    "Fundamental Algorithms for Computer Graphics",
  publisher =    "Springer-Verlag",
  year =         "1985",
  editor =       "R.A. Earnshaw",
  pages =        "411--482",
  robnote =      "An review article on contouring techniques. Not as
                 good as Peter Alfelds, but it covers contouring and not
                 interpolation per se.",
}

@Article{RSM:Sac2000,
  author =       "F.B. Sachse and C.D. Werner and K. Meyer-Waarden and
                 O. Dossel",
  title =        "Development of a human body model for numerical
                 calculation of electrical fields.",
  journal =      "Comput Med Imaging Graph",
  year =         "2000",
  month =        may # "-" # jun,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "165--171",
  rob

repository: bzenger/SCI-bibtex-Overleaf

repo_name: bzenger/SCI-bibtex-Overleaf

branch_name: refs/heads/main

extension: bib