text:
, Tom/0000-0002-8929-8354}},
Funding-Acknowledgement = {{European CommunityEuropean Community (EC) {[}244090]; Biotechnology and
   Biological Sciences Research CouncilBiotechnology and Biological
   Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) {[}BB/I000275/1, BB/I000348/1] Funding
   Source: Researchfish}},
Funding-Text = {{This research received funding from the European Community's Seventh
   Framework Programme(FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement no 244090, STEP
   Project (Status and Trends of European Pollinators:
   www.step-project.net). The funders had no role in study design, data
   collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the
   manuscript.}},
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Number-of-Cited-References = {{72}},
Times-Cited = {{92}},
Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {{4}},
Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {{148}},
Journal-ISO = {{PLoS One}},
Doc-Delivery-Number = {{291WL}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:000329862500024}},
OA = {{DOAJ Gold, Green Published, Green Accepted}},
DA = {{2020-11-05}},
}

@article{ ISI:000333874300005,
Author = {Munyuli, Theodore},
Title = {{Influence of functional traits on foraging behaviour and pollination
   efficiency of wild social and solitary bees visiting coffee (Coffea
   canephora) flowers in Uganda}},
Journal = {{GRANA}},
Year = {{2014}},
Volume = {{53}},
Number = {{1}},
Pages = {{69-89}},
Month = {{JAN 2}},
Abstract = {{An on-farm pollination experiment was conducted during the June-August
   and November-February blooming seasons of 2007 to 2008, in 30
   small-scale coffee fields characterised by different habitat and
   vegetation types. The study was conducted in order to determine the best
   pollinator groups for coffee in Uganda and to collect relevant field
   information and determine the pollination efficiency of different bee
   species. Results indicate that across blooming seasons, coffee flowers
   were visited by 24-36 bee species. Hypotrigona gribodoi was the most
   frequent flower visitor, comprising over 60\% of 5941 bee-visits
   recorded. Foraging rate and pollination speed varied among bee species.
   Solitary bees foraged on more flowers than social bees, but they spent
   less time per flower visited. Solitary bees visited more coffee trees
   and fields, but deposited less pollen, whereas social bees visited less
   trees and coffee fields in the landscape, but deposited more pollen on
   flowers. Fruit set was of 87\%, 64\% and 0.9\%, respectively, in
   hand-cross pollination, open pollination and controlled-pollination
   treatments. Fruit abortion due to self-pollination was insignificant in
   this study. There was variability in pollination efficiency of different
   bee species. Pollination efficiency varied more significantly with
   sociality than with other bee functional traits and was not
   significantly influenced by tongue length and bee body size.
   Single-flower visits by social and solitary bees resulted in 89.7\% and
   68.14\% fruit set, respectively. The most efficient bee species was
   Meliponula ferruginea (98.3\%) followed by Meliponula nebulata (97.1\%).
   Thus, very good pollinator species were wild social bees (mainly
   stingless bees) as opposed to honeybees and solitary bees that were
   previously reported to be the best pollinators of coffee in Panama and
   Indonesia. Morphological and anatomical characteristics of the bee
   pollen storage features may explain the difference in foraging behaviour
   activities and in pollination efficiency of social and solitary
   afrotropical bee species visiting lowland coffee in Uganda. In addition,
   pollination efficiency was influenced by land-use intensity, field
   management systems and habitat types found in the immediate surroundings
   of coffee fields, but not by coffee field size, coffee genotypes and
   mass blooming wild vegetation. It is recommended to farmers to adopt
   pollinator-friendly conservation and farming practices such as keeping
   an uncultivated portion (25\%-30\%) of their farms as pollinator
   reservoirs, protecting semi-natural habitats found in the vicinity of
   coffee fields, as well as promoting high on-farm tree cover to benefit a
   functionally diverse pollinator community.}},
Publisher = {{TAYLOR \& FRANCIS AS}},
Address = {{KARL JOHANS GATE 5, NO-0154 OSLO, NORWAY}},
Type = {{Article}},
Language = {{English}},
Affiliation = {{Munyuli, T (Corresponding Author), Busitema Univ, Dept Environm \& Nat Resource Econ, Fac Nat Resources \& Environm Sci, Namasagali Campus,POB 236, Tororo, Uganda.
   Munyuli, Theodore, Natl Ctr Res Nat Sci CRSN, Dept Biol, Bukavu, South Kivu Prov, DEM REP CONGO.
   Munyuli, Theodore, Natl Ctr Res Nat Sci CRSN, Dept Environm, Bukavu, South Kivu Prov, DEM REP CONGO.
   Munyuli, Theodore, Univ Cinquantenaire Lwiro UNIC Lwiro, Bukavu, South Kivu Prov, DEM REP CONGO.
   Munyuli, Theodore, Inst Super Tech Med, Dept Nutr \& Dietet, CRPS, Bukavu, South Kivu Prov, DEM REP CONGO.
   Munyuli, Theodore, Busitema Univ, Dept Environm \& Nat Resource Econ, Fac Nat Resources \& Environm Sci, Tororo, Uganda.}},
DOI = {{10.1080/00173134.2013.853831}},
ISSN = {{0017-3134}},
EISSN = {{1651-2049}},
Keywords = {{visitation intensity; coffee-banana agroforests; ecological traits;
   pollination efficiency; pollination speed; Coffea canephora; central
   Uganda; social bees; fruit set; foraging rate}},
Keywords-Plus = {{CROP POLLINATION; SERVICES; MANAGEMENT; DIVERSITY; QUALITY; INCREASES;
   HABITATS; DISTANCE; ENHANCE}},
Research-Areas = {{Plant Sciences}},
Web-of-Science-Categories  = {{Plant Sciences}},
Author-Email = {{tmunyuli@gmail.com}},
Funding-Acknowledgement = {{Darwin Initiative, Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs,
   London, UK {[}DEFRA 14-032]}},
Funding-Text = {{The author is very grateful to the Darwin Initiative, Department for
   Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, London, UK, for funding the project
   (DEFRA 14-032) that supported this study in Uganda. Maurice Mutabazi is
   acknowledged for his assistance in the field. The author's gratitude
   goes to the leaders of the Darwin project, mainly Juliet Vickery of the
   RSPB, Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK, Phil Atkinson of the British
   Trust for Ornithology, Thetford, UK, and Derek Pomeroy and Philip Nyeko
   of the Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda, and Simon Potts, University
   of Reading, Reading, UK. The author acknowledges early comments on this
   manuscript by Daniel Cariveau, Department of Entomology, Rutgers, The
   State University of New Jersey, USA, and other anonymous reviewers, who
   significantly improved the manuscript.}},
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   Vergara CH, 2009, AGR ECOSYST ENVIRON, V129, P117, DOI 10.1016/j.agee.2008.08.001.}},
Number-of-Cited-References = {{26}},
Times-Cited = {{4}},
Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {{6}},
Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {{103}},
Journal-ISO = {{Grana}},
Doc-Delivery-Number = {{AE3KB}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:000333874300005}},
DA = {{2020-11-05}},
}

@article{ ISI:000338935200008,
Author = {Foulis, Eilidh S. J. and Goulson, Dave},
Title = {{Commercial bumble bees on soft fruit farms collect pollen mainly from
   wildflowers rather than the target crops}},
Journal = {{JOURNAL OF APICULTURAL RESEARCH}},
Year = {{2014}},
Volume = {{53}},
Number = {{3}},
Pages = {{404-407}},
Abstract = {{Commercially-reared nests of bumble bees are widely used for pollination
   of glasshouse crops such as tomatoes, and in recent years they have
   begun to be increasingly used outdoors for soft fruit crops which are
   either uncovered or in open-sided polytunnels. In the UK, approximately
   15,000 Bombus terrestris nests per year are imported for use in this
   way. Here we examine pollen loads on commercial bumble bees returning to
   their nests, stationed next to soft fruit crops at three farms in
   Scotland, UK, to determine whether pollen-collecting bees are visiting
   the target crop. Only 12\% of pollen was of Rubus type (most likely
   raspberry) and 15\% was of Potentilla type (probably strawberry). The
   remaining 73\% of pollen was from a range of non-target wildflowers, in
   declining importance: Brassicaceae (22\%), Filipendula type (18\%),
   Violaceae (11\%), Trifolium type (6\%) and Apiaceae (6\%). It is unclear
   how this relates to the pollination service provided, since the bees may
   make nectar-collecting visits to the fruit crops. Nonetheless a
   substantial proportion of foraging by commercial bees is clearly not on
   the target crops. Means for improving the efficiency of fruit
   pollination, and possible ecological implications of use of wild flowers
   by commercial bumble bees are discussed.}},
Publisher = {{INT BEE RESEARCH ASSOC}},
Address = {{16 NORTH RD, CARDIFF CF10 3DY, WALES}},
Type = {{Article}},
Language = {{English}},
Affiliation = {{Goulson, D (Corresponding Author), Univ Sussex, Sch Life Sci, Falmer BN1 9QG, E Sussex, England.
   Foulis, Eilidh S. J., Univ Stirling, Sch Biol \& Environm Sci, Stirling FK9 4LA, Scotland.
   Goulson, Dave, Univ Sussex, Sch Life Sci, Falmer BN1 9QG, E Sussex, England.}},
DOI = {{10.3896/IBRA.1.53.3.08}},
ISSN = {{0021-8839}},
EISSN = {{2078-6913}},
Keywords = {{Bombus terrestris; pollination; raspberry; strawberry; pollen; Rubus
   idaeus; Fragaria x ananassa}},
Keywords-Plus = {{BOMBUS-TERRESTRIS HYMENOPTERA; WORLDWIDE MIGRATION; PATHOGEN SPILLOVER;
   PARASITIC MITES; FORAGING RANGE; NEST DENSITY; POLLINATION; COLONIES;
   APIDAE}},
Research-Areas = {{Entomology}},
Web-of-Science-Categories  = {{Entomology}},
Author-Email = {{d.goulson@sussex.ac.uk}},
ResearcherID-Numbers = {{Goulson, David/A-2462-2010}},
ORCID-Numbers = {{Goulson, David/0000-0003-4421-2876}},
Cited-References = {{Alaux C, 2010, BIOL LETTERS, V6, P562, DOI 10.1098/rsbl.2009.0986.
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   Darvill B, 2004, OIKOS, V107, P471, DOI 10.1111/j.0030-1299.2004.13510.x.
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   Goka K, 2006, POPUL ECOL, V48, P285, DOI 10.1007/s10144-006-0010-8.
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   Yoneda M, 2008, APPL ENTOMOL ZOOL, V43, P73, DOI 10.1303/aez.2008.73.}},
Number-of-Cited-References = {{24}},
Times-Cited = {{9}},
Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {{3}},
Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {{80}},
Journal-ISO = {{J. Apic. Res.}},
Doc-Delivery-Number = {{AL2DD}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:000338935200008}},
DA = {{2020-11-05}},
}

@article{ ISI:000338606300008,
Author = {Bennett, Jonathan A. and Gensler, Glenn C. and Cahill, Jr., James F.},
Title = {{Small-scale bee patch use is affected equally by flower availability and
   local habitat configuration}},
Journal = {{BASIC AND APPLIED ECOLOGY}},
Year = {{2014}},
Volume = {{15}},
Number = {{3}},
Pages = {{260-268}},
Abstract = {{Bee foraging is complex and observed patterns often deviate from
   predictions. Much of this deviation can be explained through differences
   in the characteristics of the flower patch, but not all. We suggest that
   the position of the flower patch within the landscape can have strong
   effects on bee patch use, independent of the characteristics of the
   flower patch, through changes in access to nesting resources and the
   microclimate. Further, the effects of different habitat configurations
   are likely to vary among bee groups, depending on flight distances and
   resource requirements. We surveyed local habitat and plant community
   characteristics around 100 observation plots in native grassland within
   temperate savannah and recorded bee patch use by direct observation.
   Using structural equation modeling, we quantified the direct and
   indirect effect of plant community and habitat configuration on patch
   use for all bees, only bumblebees, and only non-bumblebees. Our models
   explained nearly 50\% of the variation in bee patch use, with equal
   importance assigned to local habitat configuration and the plant
   community. Flower abundance was the best indicator of patch use,
   followed by distance to forest edge, site productivity and proportion
   forest cover. Contrary to previous findings, flower diversity had weak,
   yet negative effects on patch use after accounting for covariance with
   other factors. Although all bees most frequently visited plots with high
   flower densities, bumblebees preferentially used edge habitats, while
   non-bumblebees were mostly found in productive grassland areas with
   access to forest habitat. Our results show that small-scale habitat
   configuration can have direct effects on bee patch use as strong as or
   stronger than those of the flower patch itself. Further, the exact
   habitat configuration that drives bee patch choices is likely to vary
   among groups. This suggests that habitat configuration should be
   considered in bee conservation efforts.}},
Publisher = {{ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN \& FISCHER VERLAG}},
Address = {{OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY}},
Type = {{Article}},
Language = {{English}},
Affiliation = {{Bennett, JA (Corresponding Author), Univ Tartu, Inst Ecol \& Earth Sci, EE-51005 Tartu, Estonia.
   Bennett, Jonathan A.; Gensler, Glenn C.; Cahill, James F., Jr., Univ Alberta, Dept Biol Sci, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada.}},
DOI = {{10.1016/j.baae.2014.03.004}},
ISSN = {{1439-1791}},
EISSN = {{1618-0089}},
Keywords = {{Pollinator; Parkland; Structural equation modeling; Foraging; Grassland;
   Habitat configuration; Patch selection; Bombus; Edge effects; Diversity}},
Keywords-Plus = {{VISITING INSECTS; CONCEPTUAL-FRAMEWORK; PLANT REPRODUCTION; BUMBLE BEES;
   RESOURCES; DIVERSITY; FOREST; POLLINATORS; GRASSLAND; COMMUNITY}},
Research-Areas = {{Environmental Sciences \& Ecology}},
Web-of-Science-Categories  = {{Ecology}},
Author-Email = {{jon.a.bennett@gmail.com}},
ResearcherID-Numbers = {{Cahill, James F/B-6147-2015
   Bennett, Jonathan/K-4405-2014
   Bennett, Jonathan A/J-5839-2013}},
ORCID-Numbers = {{Cahill, James F/0000-0002-4110-1516
   Bennett, Jonathan/0000-0001-5617-7524
   Bennett, Jonathan A/0000-0001-5617-7524}},
Funding-Acknowledgement = {{NSERC Discovery GrantNatural Sciences and Engineering Research Council
   of Canada; ACA Grant in Biodiversity; NSERC PGS-D scholarshipNatural
   Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Alberta QEII
   scholarship}},
Funding-Text = {{This research was supported by a NSERC Discovery Grant to JFC and an ACA
   Grant in Biodiversity to JAB and JFC. JAB was supported by NSERC PGS-D
   and Alberta QEII scholarships. We thank Bill Rogers from the Beaver
   County Planning and Development Department for the aerial photo, A.E.
   Nixon and N. Mahaffy for field help, and C. Sheffield, J. Gibbs and L.
   Best for help with bee identification.}},
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Number-of-Cited-References = {{42}},
Times-Cited = {{8}},
Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {{3}},
Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {{86}},
Journal-ISO = {{Basic Appl. Ecol.}},
Doc-Delivery-Number = {{AK7KD}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:000338606300008}},
DA = {{2020-11-05}},
}

@article{ ISI:000335893500020,
Author = {Hansted, Lise and Grout, Brian W. W. and Toldam-Andersen, Torben B. and
   Eilenberg, Jorgen},
Title = {{An assessment of Osmia rufa (syn. bicornis) as a pollinator of the sour
   cherry (Prunus cerasus) cv. Stevnsbaer in eastern Denmark}},
Journal = {{JOURNAL OF APICULTURAL RESEARCH}},
Year = {{2014}},
Volume = {{53}},
Number = {{1}},
Pages = {{177-182}},
Abstract = {{The sour cherry (Prunus cerasus) cv. Stevnsbaer is self-fertile but it
   is recommended that bees are placed in the orchards during flowering.
   The solitary bee Osmia rufa can be managed, and has previously been
   suggested as an alternative pollinator to Apis mellifera, so
   consequently, this study investigates the activity and food preferences
   of this species during flowering of sour cherry (P. cerasus cv.
   Stevnsbaer). Female O. rufa provisioned a mean of 2.96 +/- 1.44 cells
   each with 6.24 +/- 1.46 pollen types during the receptive period of
   flowering. In all 17 different pollen types were collected of which the
   most dominant were Salix (41.4\% +/- 9.34\%) and Acer (33.24\% +/-
   8.81\%), followed by Betula (8.16\% +/- 5.08\%), P. cerasus (8.16\% +/-
   1.79\%) and Fagus (3.56\% +/- 1.96\%). P. cerasus was present in all
   samples. Nine pollen types were from anemophilous plants and represented
   87.94\% of the pollen collected. The remaining 8 pollen types were from
   entomophilous plants. Based on the results it is estimated that a mean
   of 220,000 O. rufa cocoons would be needed per hectare if the species
   were to be an effective, supplementary pollinator of P. cerasus cv.
   Stevnsbaer. Practical, economic and environmental considerations suggest
   that the use of O. rufa as an alternative pollinator to A. mellifera in
   this instance is not realistic.}},
Publisher = {{TAYLOR \& FRANCIS LTD}},
Address = {{2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND}},
Type = {{Article}},
Language = {{English}},
Affiliation = {{Grout, BWW (Corresponding Author), Univ Copenhagen, Dept Agr \& Ecol, Hobakkegard Alle 13, DK-2630 Taastrup, Denmark.
   Hansted, Lise; Grout, Brian W. W.; Toldam-Andersen, Torben B., Univ Copenhagen, Dept Agr \& Ecol, DK-2630 Taastrup, Denmark.
   Eilenberg, Jorgen, Univ Copenhagen, Dept Agr \& Ecol, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.}},
DOI = {{10.3896/IBRA.1.53.1.20}},
ISSN = {{0021-8839}},
EISSN = {{2078-6913}},
Keywords = {{Osmia rufa; Prunus cerasus; pollen; foraging}},
Keywords-Plus = {{APIS-MELLIFERA HYMENOPTERA; CORNUTA LATR; MANAGED POPULATIONS;
   MEGACHILIDAE; DECLINES; BEHAVIOR; TRENDS; PLANTS; APIDAE; BEES}},
Research-Areas = {{Entomology}},
Web-of-Science-Categories  = {{Entomology}},
Author-Email = {{bwg@life.ku.dk}},
ResearcherID-Numbers = {{Grout, Brian/H-9403-2014
   Toldam-Andersen, Torben B/G-9357-2014
   Eilenberg, Jorgen/F-7444-2014
   Toldam-Andersen, Torben/AAG-5021-2020}},
ORCID-Numbers = {{Grout, Brian/0000-0002-5744-6682
   Toldam-Andersen, Torben B/0000-0002-8602-4657
   Eilenberg, Jorgen/0000-0002-9273-5252
   Toldam-Andersen, Torben/0000-0002-8602-4657}},
Funding-Acknowledgement = {{Foreningen Plan-Danmark}},
Funding-Text = {{The authors wish to thank Hutchings Bee Service for advice concerning
   the nests for Osmia rufa, Katharina Von der Ohe of LAVES - Institut fur
   Bienenkunde, Celle, Germany for pollen analysis and Foreningen
   Plan-Danmark for financial support.}},
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Number-of-Cited-References = {{32}},
Times-Cited = {{4}},
Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {{0}},
Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {{34}},
Journal-ISO = {{J. Apic. Res.}},
Doc-Delivery-Number = {{AH1PO}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:000335893500020}},
DA = {{2020-11-05}},
}

@article{ ISI:000329624300016,
Author = {LeVan, Katherine E. and Hung, Keng-Lou James and McCann, Kyle R. and
   Ludka, John T. and Holway, David A.},
Title = {{Floral visitation by the Argentine ant reduces pollinator visitation and
   seed set in the coast barrel cactus, Ferocactus viridescens}},
Journal = {{OECOLOGIA}},
Year = {{2014}},
Volume = {{174}},
Number = {{1}},
Pages = {{163-171}},
Month = {{JAN}},
Abstract = {{Mounting evidence indicates that trade-offs between plant defense and
   reproduction arise not only from resource allocation but also from
   interactions among mutualists. Indirect costs of plant defense by ants,
   for example, can outweigh benefits if ants deter pollinators. Plants can
   dissuade ants from occupying flowers, but such arrangements may break
   down when novel ant partners infiltrate mutualisms. Here, we examine how
   floral visitation by ants affects pollination services when the invasive
   Argentine ant (Linepithema humile) replaces a native ant species in a
   food-for-protection mutualism with the coast barrel cactus (Ferocactus
   viridescens), which, like certain other barrel cacti, produces
   extrafloral nectar. We compared the effects of floral visitation by the
   Argentine ant with those of the most prevalent native ant species
   (Crematogaster californica). Compared to C. californica, the Argentine
   ant was present in higher numbers in flowers. Cactus bees (Diadasia
   spp.), the key pollinators in this system, spent less time in flowers
   when cacti were occupied by the Argentine ant compared to when cacti
   were occupied by C. californica. Presumably as a consequence of
   decreased duration of floral visits by Diadasia, cacti occupied by L.
   humile set fewer seeds per fruit and produced fewer seeds overall
   compared to cacti occupied by C. californica. These data illustrate the
   importance of mutualist identity in cases where plants balance multiple
   mutualisms. Moreover, as habitats become increasingly infiltrated by
   introduced species, the loss of native mutualists and their replacement
   by non-native species may alter the shape of trade-offs between plant
   defense and reproduction.}},
Publisher = {{SPRINGER}},
Address = {{233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA}},
Type = {{Article}},
Language = {{English}},
Affiliation = {{LeVan, KE (Corresponding Author), Univ Calif San Diego, Sect Ecol Behav \& Evolut, Div Biol Sci, Mail Code 0116,9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
   LeVan, Katherine E.; Hung, Keng-Lou James; McCann, Kyle R.; Ludka, John T.; Holway, David A., Univ Calif San Diego, Sect Ecol Behav \& Evolut, Div Biol Sci, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.}},
DOI = {{10.1007/s00442-013-2739-z}},
ISSN = {{0029-8549}},
EISSN = {{1432-1939}},
Keywords = {{Extrafloral nectar; Invasion; Diadasia; Mutualism; Crematogaster}},
Keywords-Plus = {{LINEPITHEMA-HUMILE MAYR; INVASIVE ANTS; EXTRAFLORAL NECTARIES;
   PLANT-PROTECTION; VISITING ANTS; WILD RADISH; MUTUALISM; CONSEQUENCES;
   HERBIVORES; BEHAVIOR}},
Research-Areas = {{Environmental Sciences \& Ecology}},
Web-of-Science-Categories  = {{Ecology}},
Author-Email = {{kelevan@ucsd.edu}},
ResearcherID-Numbers = {{LeVan, Katherine/V-3260-2019
   Hung, James/H-6043-2019}},
ORCID-Numbers = {{LeVan, Katherine/0000-0001-5400-9690
   Hung, James/0000-0002-1557-3958}},
Funding-Acknowledgement = {{NSFNational Science Foundation (NSF); National Geographic Young
   Explorers grantNational Geographic Society; Sigma Xi; David Marc Belkin
   Memorial Research Scholarship; Cactus and Succulent Society of America
   Award; NSFNational Science Foundation (NSF) {[}DEB 07-16966]; Academic
   Senate Bridge Grant}},
Funding-Text = {{Experiments conducted comply with the current US law and was performed
   in part at the University of California Natural Reserve System Scripps
   Coastal Reserve. For access to field sites, we thank D. Smith (Torrey
   Pines State Reserve) and I. Kay (University of California Natural
   Reserve System). We gratefully acknowledge field assistance by C.
   Johnson. Helpful comments on the manuscript were provided by A. Noto, E.
   Cleland, J. Nieh, J. Shurin and two anonymous reviewers. Financial
   support provided in part by an NSF graduate research fellowship (K. E.
   L.), National Geographic Young Explorers grant (K. J. H.), Sigma Xi
   Grant in Aid of Research (K. J. H.), David Marc Belkin Memorial Research
   Scholarship (K. R. M.), Cactus and Succulent Society of America Award
   (K. R. M.), NSF DEB 07-16966 (D. A. H.), and an Academic Senate Bridge
   Grant (D.A.H.).}},
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Number-of-Cited-References = {{49}},
Times-Cited = {{33}},
Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {{0}},
Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {{74}},
Journal-ISO = {{Oecologia}},
Doc-Delivery-Number = {{288PQ}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:000329624300016}},
DA = {{2020-11-05}},
}

@article{ ISI:000329624300021,
Author = {Jakobsson, Anna and Padron, Benigno},
Title = {{Does the invasive Lupinus polyphyllus increase pollinator visitation to
   a native herb through effects on pollinator population sizes?}},
Journal = {{OECOLOGIA}},
Year = {{2014}},
Volume = {{174}},
Number = {{1}},
Pages = {{217-226}},
Month = {{JAN}},
Abstract = {{Invasive plants may compete with native species for abiotic factors as
   light, space and nutrients, and have also been shown to affect native
   pollination interactions. Studies have mainly focused on how invasive
   plants affect pollinator behaviour, i.e. attraction of pollinators to or
   away from native flowers. However, when an invasive plant provides
   resources utilized by native pollinators this could increase pollinator
   population sizes and thereby pollination success in natives. Effects
   mediated through changes in pollinator population sizes have been
   largely ignored in previous studies, and the dominance of negative
   interactions suggested by meta-analyses may therefore be biased. We
   investigated the impact of the invasive Lupinus polyphyllus on
   pollination in the native Lotus corniculatus using a study design
   comparing invaded and uninvaded sites before and after the flowering
   period of the invasive. We monitored wild bee abundance in transects,
   and visit rate and seed production of potted Lotus plants. Bumblebee
   abundance increased 3.9 times in invaded sites during the study period,
   whereas it was unaltered in uninvaded sites. Total visit rate per Lotus
   plant increased 2.1 times in invaded sites and decreased 4.4 times in
   uninvaded sites. No corresponding change in seed production of Lotus was
   found. The increase in visit rate to Lotus was driven by an increase in
   solitary bee visitation, whereas mainly bumblebees were observed to
   visit the invasive Lupinus. The mechanism by which the invasive
   increases pollinator visit rates to Lotus could be increased
   availability of other flower resources for solitary bees when bumblebees
   forage on Lupinus.}},
Publisher = {{SPRINGER}},
Address = {{233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA}},
Type = {{Article}},
Language = {{English}},
Affiliation = {{Jakobsson, A (Corresponding Author), Uppsala Univ, Dept Ecol \& Genet, EBC, Norbyvagen 18D, S-75236 Uppsala, Sweden.
   Jakobsson, Anna, Uppsala Univ, Dept Ecol \& Genet, EBC, S-75236 Uppsala, Sweden.}},
DOI = {{10.1007/s00442-013-2756-y}},
ISSN = {{0029-8549}},
EISSN = {{1432-1939}},
Keywords = {{Pollination; Wild bees; Flower resources; Seed production; Agricultural
   landscape}},
Keywords-Plus = {{ALIEN PLANT; REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS; AGRICULTURAL LANDSCAPES; PURPLE
   LOOSESTRIFE; CROP POLLINATION; CARPOBROTUS SPP.; POLLEN TRANSFER; COLONY
   GROWTH; BEES; DENSITIES}},
Research-Areas = {{Environmental Sciences \& Ecology}},
Web-of-Science-Categories  = {{Ecology}},
Author-Email = {{anna.jakobsson@ebc.uu.se}},
Funding-Acknowledgement = {{foundation Oscar and Lilli Lamms Minne; Swedish Research Council for
   Environment, Agricultural Sciences and Spatial PlanningSwedish Research
   Council Formas}},
Funding-Text = {{We are grateful for many constructive comments on the text from
   professor J. Agren and two anonymous reviewers. We also thank P.
   Borjesson for statistical advice. The study was financed by grants to A.
   Jakobsson from the foundation Oscar and Lilli Lamms Minne and the
   Swedish Research Council for Environment, Agricultural Sciences and
   Spatial Planning. The experiments comply with the current laws of Sweden
   in which the experiments were performed.}},
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Number-of-Cited-References = {{54}},
Times-Cited = {{17}},
Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {{3}},
Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {{110}},
Journal-ISO = {{Oecologia}},
Doc-Delivery-Number = {{288PQ}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:000329624300021}},
DA = {{2020-11-05}},
}

@article{ ISI:000329325800016,
Author = {Aleman, Mercedes and Figueroa-Fleming, Trinidad and Etcheverry, Angela
   and Suehring, Silvia and Ortega-Baes, Pablo},
Title = {{The explosive pollination mechanism in Papilionoideae (Leguminosae): an
   analysis with three Desmodium species}},
Journal = {{PLANT SYSTEMATICS AND EVOLUTION}},
Year = {{2014}},
Volume = {{300}},
Number = {{1}},
Pages = {{177-186}},
Month = {{JAN}},
Abstract = {{In the papilionaceous flowers with explosive pollination mechanism, the
   androecium and the gynoecium are subjected to great pressure in the
   keel. It has been suggested that at the first visit nearly all pollen
   grains are released and that the floral parts do not return to their
   original positions; this would be a cue for pollinators to avoid
   activated flowers. The dependence on the pollinators suggests that
   explosive flowers will not produce fruits if the mechanism is not
   activated. In this paper, we have tested these ideas studying the
   reproductive biology of three Desmodium species, D. incanum, D.
   subsericium and D. uncinatum. Specifically, we studied the floral
   traits, reproductive system, pollination mechanism and floral visitors,
   for the three species. The results indicated that the keel and the wings
   play a key role in the activation of the explosive mechanism. The three
   species have a secondary pollen presentation, diurnal flowers, and a
   short floral cycle. According to the results, all the species studied
   were self-compatible, with two species producing fruits by autonomous
   self-pollination. Desmodium flowers were visited and activated by native
   and exotic bee species. During the first visit nearly all the pollen was
   released; after that, new visits were low or null. Our results indicated
   that the activation of the mechanism is not essential for the production
   of fruits, that explosive flowers are visited only once and that the
   changes in the positions of the floral parts are the cues that keep
   pollinators away from the flowers with activated mechanism.}},
Publisher = {{SPRINGER WIEN}},
Address = {{SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA}},
Type = {{Article}},
Language = {{English}},
Affiliation = {{Ortega-Baes, P (Corresponding Author), Univ Nacl Salta, Fac Ciencias Nat, CONICET, Lab Invest Bot LABIBO, Ave Bolivia 5150, RA-4400 Salta, Argentina.
   Aleman, Mercedes; Figueroa-Fleming, Trinidad; Etcheverry, Angela, Univ Nacl Salta, Fac Ciencias Nat, RA-4400 Salta, Argentina.
   Suehring, Silvia; Ortega-Baes, Pablo, Univ Nacl Salta, Fac Ciencias Nat, CONICET, Lab Invest Bot LABIBO, RA-4400 Salta, Argentina.}},
DOI = {{10.1007/s00606-013-0869-8}},
ISSN = {{0378-2697}},
EISSN = {{2199-6881}},
Keywords = {{Desmodium; Explosive pollination; Keel blossom; Papilionoideae}},
Keywords-Plus = {{POLLEN-OVULE RATIOS; REPRODUCTIVE-BIOLOGY; FABACEAE; FLOWERS;
   MORPHOLOGY; TRAITS; SYSTEM}},
Research-Areas = {{Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology}},
Web-of-Science-Categories  = {{Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology}},
Author-Email = {{portega@miranda.ecologia.unam.mx}},
Funding-Acknowledgement = {{PROMAGRO; CONICETConsejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y
   Tecnicas (CONICET); ANPCyTANPCyT {[}PICTO 36670]; CIUNSa {[}1850/3]}},
Funding-Text = {{The authors thank the handling editor, Marlies Sazima, and anonymous
   reviewers for their significant comments that have improved this
   manuscript. The authors thank to N. Frizza for her assistance with the
   English version of the manuscript. This study was funded by grants from
   PROMAGRO (to M. M. A.), CONICET (T. F. F.), ANPCyT (PICTO 36670) and
   CIUNSa (Grant no: 1850/3).}},
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Number-of-Cited-References = {{34}},
Times-Cited = {{9}},
Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {{1}},
Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {{22}},
Journal-ISO = {{Plant Syst. Evol.}},
Doc-Delivery-Number = {{284NK}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:000329325800016}},
DA = {{2020-11-05}},
}

@article{ ISI:000328846600008,
Author = {Sedivy, Claudio and Dorn, Silvia},
Title = {{Towards a sustainable management of bees of the subgenus Osmia
   (Megachilidae; Osmia) as fruit tree pollinators}},
Journal = {{APIDOLOGIE}},
Year = {{2014}},
Volume = {{45}},
Number = {{1}},
Pages = {{88-105}},
Month = {{JAN}},
Abstract = {{The limited pollination efficiency of honeybees (Apidae; Apis) for
   certain crop plants and, more recently, their global decline fostered
   commercial development of further bee species to complement crop
   pollination in agricultural systems. In particular, a number of mason
   bees (Megachilidae; Osmia) are among the most widely used alternative
   pollinators, and their utilisation has been fine-tuned specifically for
   pollination in fruit tree orchards. A successful management system
   should not only aim at optimising pollination efficiency but also
   consider the relevant biological and ecological requirements to achieve
   sustainable and healthy bee populations. Here, we review the factors
   influencing the rate of population increase during the implementation of
   Osmia bees as orchard pollinators. These factors include nesting
   material, release methods, and control of antagonists as well as methods
   optimising management of developmental stages to synchronize bee
   activity with orchard bloom and to minimize developmental mortality.}},
Publisher = {{SPRINGER FRANCE}},
Address = {{22 RUE DE PALESTRO, PARIS, 75002, FRANCE}},
Type = {{Review}},
Language = {{English}},
Affiliation = {{Sedivy, C (Corresponding Author), ETH, Inst Agr Sci, Schmelzbergstr 9 LFO, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland.
   Sedivy, Claudio; Dorn, Silvia, ETH, Inst Agr Sci, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland.}},
DOI = {{10.1007/s13592-013-0231-8}},
ISSN = {{0044-8435}},
EISSN = {{1297-9678}},
Keywords = {{orchard pollination; alternative pollinator; Osmia; fruit trees}},
Keywords-Plus = {{LIGNARIA-PROPINQUA CRESSON; APIS-MELLIFERA HYMENOPTERA; CORNUTA LATR
   HYMENOPTERA; RED MASON BEE; FIELD EXPERIMENTS; APPLE ORCHARDS; ALMOND
   ORCHARDS; SOLITARY BEE; BODY-SIZE; CORNIFRONS HYMENOPTERA}},
Research-Areas = {{Entomology}},
Web-of-Science-Categories  = {{Entomology}},
Author-Email = {{claudio.sedivy@gmail.com}},
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Number-of-Cited-References = {{117}},
Times-Cited = {{24}},
Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {{7}},
Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {{114}},
Journal-ISO = {{Apidologie}},
Doc-Delivery-Number = {{277VE}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:000328846600008}},
DA = {{2020-11-05}},
}

@article{ ISI:000328679600010,
Author = {Castillo, Dean M. and Kula, Abigail A. R. and Doetterl, Stefan and
   Dudash, Michele R. and Fenster, Charles B.},
Title = {{INVASIVE SILENE LATIFOLIA MAY BENEFIT FROM A NATIVE POLLINATING SEED
   PREDATOR, HADENA ECTYPA, IN NORTH AMERICA}},
Journal = {{INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLANT SCIENCES}},
Year = {{2014}},
Volume = {{175}},
Number = {{1}},
Pages = {{80-91}},
Month = {{JAN 1}},
Abstract = {{The acquisition of new mutualists and escape from enemies are often
   essential for the establishment of invasive species. With its
   introduction to North America, Silene latifolia successfully escaped a
   number of generalist and specialist enemies, including the seed
   predator/specialist pollinator Hadena bicruris, but information
   regarding the acquisition of new mutualists in a community context has
   not been examined. We used field observations of mixed species arrays
   and laboratory feeding trials and compared floral scent and
   plant/pollinator morphological match to explore the interaction in North
   America of the invasive S. latifolia with the native pollinating seed
   predator, Hadena ectypa, in order to understand mechanisms of enemy
   release and mutualist facilitation underlying the successful invasion of
   S. latifolia. In mixed arrays, H. ectypa visited S. latifolia at a low
   frequency similar to the combined visitation of other non-Hadena
   nocturnal moth species. Differences in the floral scent profiles of S.
   latifolia and Silene stellata, a native coflowering congener and natural
   host of H. ectypa, combined with the lack of morphological match between
   H. ectypa and S. latifolia, likely contribute to these results. In the
   field study, only one H. ectypa egg was oviposited on S. latifolia, and
   this did not result in a successful fruit attack. Larvae feeding trials
   in the lab showed no initial feeding preference for pistils of either
   Silene species. Therefore, our study suggests that S. latifolia has
   escaped the cost of seed predation typically associated with visitation
   and oviposition by Hadena pollinators, a potential natural enemy, while
   taking advantage of pollination services provided by both H. ectypa and
   other native North American nocturnal moth pollinators.}},
Publisher = {{UNIV CHICAGO PRESS}},
Address = {{1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA}},
Type = {{Article}},
Language = {{English}},
Affiliation = {{Castillo, DM (Corresponding Author), Indiana Univ, Dept Biol, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA.
   Castillo, Dean M., Indiana Univ, Dept Biol, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA.
   Castillo, Dean M.; Kula, Abigail A. R.; Dudash, Michele R.; Fenster, Charles B., Mt Lake Biol Stn, Pembroke, VA 24136 USA.
   Kula, Abigail A. R.; Dudash, Michele R.; Fenster, Charles B., Univ Maryland, Dept Biol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
   Doetterl, Stefan, Univ Bayreuth, Dept Plant Systemat, Bayreuth, Germany.
   Doetterl, Stefan, Salzburg Univ, Dept Organism Biol, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria.}},
DOI = {{10.1086/673536}},
ISSN = {{1058-5893}},
EISSN = {{1537-5315}},
Keywords-Plus = {{ANTHER-SMUT FUNGUS; MICROBOTRYUM-VIOLACEUM; COMPETITIVE ABILITY; PLANT
   INVASIONS; MODEL SYSTEM; FLORAL ODOR; CARYOPHYLLACEAE; OVIPOSITION;
   EVOLUTION; HOST}},
Research-Areas = {{Plant Sciences}},
Web-of-Science-Categories  = {{Plant Sciences}},
Author-Email = {{dmcastil@indiana.edu}},
ORCID-Numbers = {{Dotterl, Stefan/0000-0001-5228-1332}},
Funding-Acknowledgement = {{MLBS summer fellowship; National Science FoundationNational Science
   Foundation (NSF) {[}DEB-0108285]}},
Funding-Text = {{We thank Chris Caruso and two anonymous reviewers for constructive
   comments on the manuscript. We thank Peter Fields for discussions about
   the potential overlap of Silene stellata (N) and Silene latifolia (I)
   within the region of our study site. Butch Brodie, Eric Nagy, and Mark
   Larson, all of Mountain Lake Biological Station (MLBS), provided field
   season support. Roman Kaiser made unpublished data about the occurrence
   of 3-pyridinecarboxaldehyde available. Abigail A. R. Kula was funded
   with an MLBS summer fellowship. This research was funded in part by
   National Science Foundation grant DEB-0108285 to Charles B. Fenster and
   Michele R. Dudash.}},
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