text:
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Number-of-Cited-References = {{112}},
Times-Cited = {{40}},
Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {{6}},
Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {{178}},
Journal-ISO = {{Biol. Conserv.}},
Doc-Delivery-Number = {{CV4SP}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:000364257100002}},
DA = {{2020-11-05}},
}

@article{ ISI:000364341400027,
Author = {Hudewenz, Anika and Klein, Alexandra-Maria},
Title = {{Red mason bees cannot compete with honey bees for floral resources in a
   cage experiment}},
Journal = {{ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION}},
Year = {{2015}},
Volume = {{5}},
Number = {{21}},
Pages = {{5049-5056}},
Month = {{NOV}},
Abstract = {{Intensive beekeeping to mitigate crop pollination deficits and habitat
   loss may cause interspecific competition between bees. Studies show
   negative correlations between flower visitation of honey bees (Apis
   mellifera) and wild bees, but effects on the reproduction of wild bees
   were not proven. Likely reasons are that honey bees can hardly be
   excluded from controls and wild bee nests are generally difficult to
   detect in field experiments. The goal of this study was to investigate
   whether red mason bees (Osmia bicornis) compete with honey bees in cages
   in order to compare the reproduction of red mason bees under different
   honey bee densities. Three treatments were applied, each replicated in
   four cages of 18m(3) with 38 red mason bees in all treatments and 0,
   100, and 300 honey bees per treatment with 10-20\% being foragers.
   Within the cages, the flower visitation and interspecific displacements
   from flowers were observed. Niche breadths and resource overlaps of both
   bee species were calculated, and the reproduction of red mason bees was
   measured. Red mason bees visited fewer flowers when honey bees were
   present. Niche breadth of red mason bees decreased with increasing honey
   bee density while resource overlaps remained constant. The reproduction
   of red mason bees decreased in cages with honey bees. In conclusion, our
   experimental results show that in small and isolated flower patches,
   wild bees can temporarily suffer from competition with honey bees.
   Further research should aim to test for competition on small and
   isolated flower patches in real landscapes.}},
Publisher = {{WILEY}},
Address = {{111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA}},
Type = {{Article}},
Language = {{English}},
Affiliation = {{Hudewenz, A (Corresponding Author), Leuphana Univ Luneburg, Inst Ecol, Ecosyst Funct, Scharnhorststr 1, D-21335 Luneburg, Germany.
   Hudewenz, Anika; Klein, Alexandra-Maria, Leuphana Univ Luneburg, Inst Ecol, Ecosyst Funct, D-21335 Luneburg, Germany.
   Klein, Alexandra-Maria, Univ Freiburg, Fac Environm \& Nat Resources Nat Conservat \& Land, D-79106 Freiburg, Germany.}},
DOI = {{10.1002/ece3.1762}},
ISSN = {{2045-7758}},
Keywords = {{Cage experiment; competitive interactions; niche breadth; reproduction;
   resource overlap}},
Keywords-Plus = {{APIS-MELLIFERA; WILD BEES; FORAGING RANGES; POLLINATORS; CROPS;
   COLONIES; DECLINES; OVERLAP}},
Research-Areas = {{Environmental Sciences \& Ecology; Evolutionary Biology}},
Web-of-Science-Categories  = {{Ecology; Evolutionary Biology}},
Author-Email = {{hudewenz@leuphana.de}},
ResearcherID-Numbers = {{Klein, Alexandra-Maria/J-5871-2016}},
ORCID-Numbers = {{Klein, Alexandra-Maria/0000-0003-2139-8575}},
Funding-Acknowledgement = {{German Federal Environmental Foundation (Deutsche Bundesstiftung
   Umwelt); Deutsche Bundesstiftung Umwelt {[}20010/097]}},
Funding-Text = {{This study was supported by the German Federal Environmental Foundation
   (Deutsche Bundesstiftung Umwelt). Deutsche Bundesstiftung Umwelt,
   (Grant/Award Number: ``20010/097{''}).}},
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Number-of-Cited-References = {{31}},
Times-Cited = {{21}},
Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {{2}},
Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {{87}},
Journal-ISO = {{Ecol. Evol.}},
Doc-Delivery-Number = {{CV5WF}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:000364341400027}},
OA = {{DOAJ Gold, Green Published}},
DA = {{2020-11-05}},
}

@article{ ISI:000440987900035,
Author = {Cardozo, Danielle V. and Mokochinski, Joao B. and Machado, Christiane S.
   and Sawaya, Alexandra Christine Helena F. and Caetano, Isis K. and
   Felsner, Maria Lurdes and Torres, Yohandra R.},
Title = {{Chemical Variability of Geopropolis from Jatai, Mandacaia and Manduri
   Stingless Bees}},
Journal = {{REVISTA VIRTUAL DE QUIMICA}},
Year = {{2015}},
Volume = {{7}},
Number = {{6}},
Pages = {{2457-2474}},
Month = {{NOV-DEC}},
Abstract = {{Stingless bees (meliponinae) are popularly known as native bees and are
   important pollinators of many crops. Honey from these insects has a
   palatable flavor and is sold at higher values than Apis mellifera honey.
   In addition, beehives from stingless bees are marketed with ornamental
   and environmental purposes. Despite the economic growth of
   meliponiculture, studies with meliponinae beehive products are scarce.
   Stingless bees produce geopropolis which consists of plant resins mixed
   with soil or clay. In the current study the chemical, qualitative and
   quantitative composition and the antiradical activity of geopropolis
   produced by different Meliponinae species occurring in Prudentopolis,
   Parana were compared. Antiradical activity, as well as total phenolic
   and flavonoid contents were determined. Spectral profiles by UV-Vis
   Spectroscopy and Mass Spectrometry with Electrospray Ionization (ESI-MS)
   were compared as well. The effect of the native bee species
   (Tetragonisca angustula (Latreille), Melipona quadrifasciata
   quadrifasciata (Lepeletier) e Melipona marginata (Lepeletier)) and the
   harvest period on the chemical variability of geopropolis was assessed
   by statistical tools such as analysis of variance (ANOVA) and
   multivariate analysis (Principal Component Analysis, PCA). It was
   observed that both investigated effects, bee species and harvest period,
   significantly affected the levels of total phenolics and flavonoids and
   the antiradical activity. Additionally, 12 components of geopropolis
   were identified by UPLCMS/MS. PCA grouped geopropolis as function of the
   bee species, indicating that, for the same geographic region, the
   overall chemical composition of geopropolis is mainly determined by the
   stingless bee species.}},
Publisher = {{BRAZILIAN CHEMICAL SOC}},
Address = {{SECRETERIA REGIONAL RIO DO JANEIRO, UNIV FED FLUMINENSE, NITEROI, RJ
   24020-141, BRAZIL}},
Type = {{Article}},
Language = {{Portuguese}},
Affiliation = {{Torres, YR (Corresponding Author), Univ Estadual Centro Oeste, CEDETEG, Dept Quim, Rua Simeao Camargo Varela Sa,03 Vila Carli, BR-85040080 Guarapuava, PR, Brazil.
   Cardozo, Danielle V.; Machado, Christiane S.; Caetano, Isis K.; Felsner, Maria Lurdes; Torres, Yohandra R., Univ Estadual Centro Oeste, CEDETEG, Dept Quim, Rua Simeao Camargo Varela Sa,03 Vila Carli, BR-85040080 Guarapuava, PR, Brazil.
   Mokochinski, Joao B.; Sawaya, Alexandra Christine Helena F., Univ Estadual Campinas, Dept Biol Vegetal, Inst Biol, BR-13083970 Campinas, SP, Brazil.}},
DOI = {{10.5935/1984-6835.20150146}},
ISSN = {{1984-6835}},
Keywords = {{Geopropolis; meliponinae; meliponiculture; chemical variability;
   chemometrics; quality control}},
Research-Areas = {{Chemistry}},
Web-of-Science-Categories  = {{Chemistry, Multidisciplinary}},
Author-Email = {{ryohandra@yahoo.com}},
ResearcherID-Numbers = {{Felsner, Maria Lurdes/D-1238-2010
   Sawaya, Alexandra C H F/F-3999-2012}},
ORCID-Numbers = {{Felsner, Maria Lurdes/0000-0002-7938-8399
   Sawaya, Alexandra C H F/0000-0001-7524-6628}},
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Number-of-Cited-References = {{25}},
Times-Cited = {{6}},
Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {{0}},
Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {{1}},
Journal-ISO = {{Rev. Virtual Quim.}},
Doc-Delivery-Number = {{VE8YO}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:000440987900035}},
OA = {{Bronze}},
DA = {{2020-11-05}},
}

@article{ ISI:000367419000010,
Author = {Reynaldi, Francisco J. and Lucia, Mariano and Genchi Garcia, Maria L.},
Title = {{Ascosphaera apis, the entomopathogenic fungus affecting larvae of native
   bees (Xylocopa augusti): First report in South America}},
Journal = {{REVISTA IBEROAMERICANA DE MICOLOGIA}},
Year = {{2015}},
Volume = {{32}},
Number = {{4}},
Pages = {{261-264}},
Month = {{OCT 31}},
Abstract = {{Background: Nowadays several invertebrate pollinators of crops and wild
   plants are in decline as result of multiple and, sometimes, unknown
   factors; among them, the modern agricultural practices, pests and
   diseases are postulated as the most important factors. Bees of the genus
   Xylocopa are considered effective pollinators of passion fruit crops in
   tropical regions, as well as important pollinators in wild plants, but
   these bees are attacked by several pathogens that affect different
   stages in their life cycle. The fungal species of the genus Ascosphaera
   are commonly associated with social and solitary bee larvae causing
   chalkbrood disease.
   Aims: The aim of the present study was to demonstrate the presence of
   Ascosphaera apis affecting larvae of Xylocopa augusti in South America.
   Methods: For this purpose, A. apis was isolated from affected larvae in
   YGPSA medium. Final identification was run out by three techniques: (1)
   Microscopic examination of the hyphae and sizes of the fruiting bodies;
   (2) Mating test, and specific sexual compatibility test, and (3) PCR
   detection, using specific primers.
   Results: This study demonstrates for the first time the presence of A.
   apis affecting larvae of X. augusti in South America.
   Conclusions: The evidence of A. apis affecting the larvae of X augusti,
   and the fact that the sharing of pathogens between different bee species
   has been underestimated, suggests the need for further epidemiological
   studies in order to determine not only the prevalence of this pathogen
   among wild pollinators, but also its relationship to the sudden collapse
   of honey bee colonies in this region. (C) 2014 Revista Iberoamericana de
   Micologia. Published by Elsevier Espana, S.L.U. All rights reserved.}},
Publisher = {{ASOCIACION ESPANOLA MICOLOGIA-AEM}},
Address = {{C/O DR GUILLERMO QUINDOS, EDITOR-IN-CHIEF, DEPT INMUNOLOGIA,
   MICROBIOLOGIA Y PARASITOLO, BILBAO, 00000, SPAIN}},
Type = {{Article}},
Language = {{English}},
Affiliation = {{Reynaldi, FJ (Corresponding Author), Univ Nacl La Plata, Fac Ciencias Vet, Catedra Virol, RA-1900 La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
   Reynaldi, Francisco J.; Genchi Garcia, Maria L., Univ Nacl La Plata, Fac Ciencias Vet, Catedra Virol, RA-1900 La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
   Reynaldi, Francisco J.; Lucia, Mariano, Ctr Cient Tecnol Consejo Nacl Invest Cient \& Tecn, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
   Lucia, Mariano, Univ Nacl La Plata, Museo La Plata, Div Entomol, RA-1900 La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina.}},
DOI = {{10.1016/j.riam.2015.01.001}},
ISSN = {{1130-1406}},
Keywords = {{Large carpenter bee; South America; Ascosphaera apis; Entomopathogenic
   fungus}},
Keywords-Plus = {{CHALKBROOD; HYMENOPTERA; PATHOGENS; HONEYBEE}},
Research-Areas = {{Mycology}},
Web-of-Science-Categories  = {{Mycology}},
Author-Email = {{freynaldi@yahoo.com}},
ResearcherID-Numbers = {{Lucia, Mariano/AAQ-7404-2020
   }},
ORCID-Numbers = {{Lucia, Mariano/0000-0001-8019-6768
   Reynaldi, Francisco Jose/0000-0002-1531-4905}},
Funding-Acknowledgement = {{FONCyT PICTANPCyTFONCyT {[}2112]; CFI, Argentina; CONICETConsejo
   Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET) {[}PIP
   0851]}},
Funding-Text = {{We thank the anonymous reviewers for their comments and suggestions
   which improved this manuscript. A special thanks to staff of Unidad de
   Vivero Forestal of Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales,
   Universidad Nacional de La Plata, for their help. This research was
   supported by FONCyT PICT 2012/No 2112 and CONICET PIP 0851 (2012-2014).
   FJR and ML are affiliated with CONICET. MLGG is recipient of a
   scholarship from CFI, Argentina.}},
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Number-of-Cited-References = {{22}},
Times-Cited = {{7}},
Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {{0}},
Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {{25}},
Journal-ISO = {{Rev. Iberoam. Micol.}},
Doc-Delivery-Number = {{CZ9LL}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:000367419000010}},
DA = {{2020-11-05}},
}

@article{ ISI:000361186500007,
Author = {Scheper, Jeroen and Bommarco, Riccardo and Holzschuh, Andrea and Potts,
   Simon G. and Riedinger, Verena and Roberts, Stuart P. M. and Rundlof,
   Maj and Smith, Henrik G. and Steffan-Dewenter, Ingolf and Wickens,
   Jennifer B. and Wickens, Victoria J. and Kleijn, David},
Title = {{Local and landscape-level floral resources explain effects of wildflower
   strips on wild bees across four European countries}},
Journal = {{JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY}},
Year = {{2015}},
Volume = {{52}},
Number = {{5}},
Pages = {{1165-1175}},
Month = {{OCT}},
Abstract = {{Growing evidence for declines in wild bees calls for the development and
   implementation of effective mitigation measures. Enhancing floral
   resources is a widely accepted measure for promoting bees in
   agricultural landscapes, but effectiveness varies considerably between
   landscapes and regions. We hypothesize that this variation is mainly
   driven by a combination of the direct effects of measures on local
   floral resources and the availability of floral resources in the
   surrounding landscape. To test this, we established wildflower strips in
   four European countries, using the same seed mixture of forage plants
   specifically targeted at bees. We used a before-after control-impact
   approach to analyse the impacts of wildflower strips on bumblebees,
   solitary bees and Red List species and examined to what extent effects
   were affected by local and landscape-wide floral resource availability,
   land-use intensity and landscape complexity. Wildflower strips generally
   enhanced local bee abundance and richness, including Red-listed species.
   Effectiveness of the wildflower strips increased with the local contrast
   in flower richness created by the strips and furthermore depended on the
   availability of floral resources in the surrounding landscape, with
   different patterns for solitary bees and bumblebees. Effects on solitary
   bees appeared to decrease with increasing amount of late-season
   alternative floralresources in the landscape, whereas effects on
   bumblebees increased with increasing early-season landscape-wide floral
   resource availability.Synthesis and applications. Our study shows that
   the effects of wildflower strips on bees are largely driven by the
   extent to which local flower richness is increased. The effectiveness of
   this measure could therefore be enhanced by maximizing the number of bee
   forage species in seed mixtures, and by management regimes that
   effectively maintain flower richness in the strips through the years. In
   addition, for bumblebees specifically, our study highlights the
   importance of a continuous supply of food resources throughout the
   season. Measures that enhance early-season landscape-wide floral
   resource availability, such as the cultivation of oilseed rape, can
   benefit bumblebees by providing the essential resources for colony
   establishment and growth in spring. Further research is required to
   determine whether, and under what conditions, wildflower strips result
   in actual population-level effects.
   Our study shows that the effects of wildflower strips on bees are
   largely driven by the extent to which local flower richness is
   increased. The effectiveness of this measure could therefore be enhanced
   by maximizing the number of bee forage species in seed mixtures, and by
   management regimes that effectively maintain flower richness in the
   strips through the years. In addition, for bumblebees specifically, our
   study highlights the importance of a continuous supply of food resources
   throughout the season. Measures that enhance early-season landscape-wide
   floral resource availability, such as the cultivation of oilseed rape,
   can benefit bumblebees by providing the essential resources for colony
   establishment and growth in spring. Further research is required to
   determine whether, and under what conditions, wildflower strips result
   in actual population-level effects.}},
Publisher = {{WILEY}},
Address = {{111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA}},
Type = {{Article}},
Language = {{English}},
Affiliation = {{Scheper, J (Corresponding Author), Alterra, Anim Ecol Team, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands.
   Scheper, Jeroen; Kleijn, David, Alterra, Anim Ecol Team, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands.
   Bommarco, Riccardo, Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Ecol, S-75007 Uppsala, Sweden.
   Holzschuh, Andrea; Riedinger, Verena; Steffan-Dewenter, Ingolf, Univ Wurzburg, Dept Anim Ecol \& Trop Biol, Bioctr, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany.
   Potts, Simon G.; Roberts, Stuart P. M.; Wickens, Jennifer B.; Wickens, Victoria J., Univ Reading, Sch Agr Policy \& Dev, Reading RG6 6AR, Berks, England.
   Rundlof, Maj; Smith, Henrik G., Lund Univ, Dept Biol, S-22362 Lund, Sweden.
   Rundlof, Maj; Smith, Henrik G., Lund Univ, Ctr Environm \& Climate Res, S-22362 Lund, Sweden.
   Kleijn, David, Wageningen Univ, Resource Ecol Grp, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands.}},
DOI = {{10.1111/1365-2664.12479}},
ISSN = {{0021-8901}},
EISSN = {{1365-2664}},
Keywords = {{agri-environment; ecosystem services; field boundaries; floral
   resources; flower strips; landscape context; pollinators}},
Keywords-Plus = {{AGRI-ENVIRONMENT SCHEMES; MASS-FLOWERING CROPS; POLLINATOR DILUTION;
   COLONY GROWTH; CONSERVATION; BIODIVERSITY; PLANTS; COMMUNITIES;
   DIVERSITY; RESPONSES}},
Research-Areas = {{Biodiversity \& Conservation; Environmental Sciences \& Ecology}},
Web-of-Science-Categories  = {{Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology}},
Author-Email = {{jeroen.scheper@wur.nl}},
ResearcherID-Numbers = {{Holzschuh, Andrea/X-8989-2018
   Bommarco, Riccardo/E-7109-2016
   Potts, Simon G/C-7250-2008
   Scheper, Jeroen/G-1385-2015}},
ORCID-Numbers = {{Holzschuh, Andrea/0000-0002-5235-4746
   Bommarco, Riccardo/0000-0001-8888-0476
   Potts, Simon G/0000-0002-2045-980X
   Wickens, Victoria/0000-0002-2295-0635
   Kleijn, David/0000-0003-2500-7164
   Wickens, Jennifer/0000-0003-0475-6780
   Scheper, Jeroen/0000-0002-4314-996X}},
Funding-Acknowledgement = {{European CommunityEuropean Community (EC) {[}244090]; Dutch Ministry of
   Economic AffairsMinistry of Economic Affairs, Netherlands
   {[}BO-11-011.01-011, KB-14-003-006]; BBSRCBiotechnology and Biological
   Sciences Research Council (BBSRC); DefraDepartment for Environment, Food
   \& Rural Affairs (DEFRA); NERCNERC Natural Environment Research Council;
   Scottish Government; Wellcome Trust, under the Insect Pollinators
   InitiativeWellcome Trust; Swedish research council FORMASSwedish
   Research CouncilSwedish Research Council Formas}},
Funding-Text = {{We thank all farmers for granting access to their land and for their
   help with establishing the flower strips. We also thank all students and
   research assistants for their assistance with field work and bee
   identification. This research was funded by the European Community's
   Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under Grant Agreement No
   244090, STEP Project (Status and Trends of European Pollinators,
   www.step-project.net). J.S. and D.K. were also supported by the Dutch
   Ministry of Economic Affairs (BO-11-011.01-011 and KB-14-003-006).
   J.B.W., V.J.W. and S.G.P. were also supported by a grant from BBSRC,
   Defra, NERC, the Scottish Government and the Wellcome Trust, under the
   Insect Pollinators Initiative. R.B. and H.G.S. were also supported by
   the Swedish research council FORMAS.}},
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Number-of-Cited-References = {{32}},
Times-Cited = {{72}},
Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {{8}},
Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {{239}},
Journal-ISO = {{J. Appl. Ecol.}},
Doc-Delivery-Number = {{CR2UP}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:000361186500007}},
OA = {{Bronze}},
DA = {{2020-11-05}},
}

@article{ ISI:000361472300018,
Author = {Ekroos, Johan and Jakobsson, Anna and Wideen, Joel and Herbertsson, Lina
   and Rundlof, Maj and Smith, Henrik G.},
Title = {{Effects of landscape composition and configuration on pollination in a
   native herb: a field experiment}},
Journal = {{OECOLOGIA}},
Year = {{2015}},
Volume = {{179}},
Number = {{2}},
Pages = {{509-518}},
Month = {{OCT}},
Abstract = {{Bumble bee abundance in agricultural landscapes is known to decrease
   with increasing distance from seminatural grasslands, but whether the
   pollination of bumble-bee-pollinated wild plants shows a similar pattern
   is less well known. In addition, the relative effects of landscape
   composition (landscape heterogeneity) and landscape configuration
   (distance from seminatural grassland) on wild plant pollination, and the
   interaction between these landscape effects, have not been studied using
   landscape-level replication. We performed a field experiment to
   disentangle these landscape effects on the pollination of a native herb,
   the sticky catchfly (Lychnis viscaria), while accounting for the
   proportion of oilseed rape across landscapes and the local abundance of
   bee forage flowers. We measured pollen limitation (the degree to which
   seed set is pollen-limited), seed set, and seed set stability using
   potted plants placed in landscapes that differed in heterogeneity
   (composition) and distance from seminatural grassland (configuration).
   Pollen limitation and seed set in individual plants did not respond to
   landscape composition, landscape configuration, or proportion of oilseed
   rape. Instead, seed set increased with increasing local bee forage
   flower cover. However, we found within-plant variability in pollen
   limitation and seed set to increase with increasing distance from
   seminatural pasture. Our results suggest that average within-plant
   levels of pollen limitation and seed set respond less swiftly than the
   within-plant variability in pollen limitation and seed set to changes in
   landscape configuration. Although landscape effects on pollination were
   less important than predicted, we conclude that landscape configuration
   and local habitat characteristics play larger roles than landscape
   composition in the pollination of L. viscaria.}},
Publisher = {{SPRINGER}},
Address = {{233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA}},
Type = {{Article}},
Language = {{English}},
Affiliation = {{Ekroos, J (Corresponding Author), Lund Univ, Ctr Environm \& Climate Res, Lund, Sweden.
   Ekroos, Johan; Wideen, Joel; Herbertsson, Lina; Smith, Henrik G., Lund Univ, Ctr Environm \& Climate Res, Lund, Sweden.
   Jakobsson, Anna, Uppsala Univ, Dept Plant Ecol \& Evolut, Uppsala, Sweden.
   Rundlof, Maj; Smith, Henrik G., Lund Univ, Dept Biol, Lund, Sweden.}},
DOI = {{10.1007/s00442-015-3370-y}},
ISSN = {{0029-8549}},
EISSN = {{1432-1939}},
Keywords = {{Pollen limitation; Source habitats; Landscape heterogeneity; Seed set;
   Sexual reproduction}},
Keywords-Plus = {{MASS-FLOWERING CROPS; POLLEN LIMITATION; HABITAT FRAGMENTATION; PLANT
   REPRODUCTION; VISCARIA-VULGARIS; DIVERSITY; SERVICES; SCALE;
   POPULATIONS; PERSISTENCE}},
Research-Areas = {{Environmental Sciences \& Ecology}},
Web-of-Science-Categories  = {{Ecology}},
Author-Email = {{johan.ekroos@cec.lu.se
   anna.jakobsson@ebc.uu.se
   joel\_wideen@hotmail.se
   lina.herbertsson@cec.lu.se
   maj.rundlof@biol.lu.se
   henrik.smith@biol.lu.se}},
Funding-Acknowledgement = {{strategic research environment BECC; EU in the FP7 project ``STEP-Status
   and Trends of European Pollinators'' {[}244090]; FormasSwedish Research
   Council Formas}},
Funding-Text = {{We thank Christoffer du Riez, Sofie Sandin, and Benigno Padron for
   assisting in the field and collecting capsules from the experimental
   plants, and Honor C. Prentice and Stefan Andersson for valuable
   discussions on wild plant pollination. Jennifer Lau and three anonymous
   reviewers provided valuable comments on an earlier version of our
   manuscript. This study was supported by the strategic research
   environment BECC (J.E.), the EU in the FP7 project ``STEP-Status and
   Trends of European Pollinators'' (Grant Agreement No. 244090; M.R. and
   H.G.S.), and grants from Formas (H.G.S. and A.J.). All experiments
   comply with the current laws of Sweden, where the field experiments were
   done. The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.}},
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Number-of-Cited-References = {{51}},
Times-Cited = {{9}},
Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {{4}},
Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {{118}},
Journal-ISO = {{Oecologia}},
Doc-Delivery-Number = {{CR6QL}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:000361472300018}},
DA = {{2020-11-05}},
}

@article{ ISI:000361186500006,
Author = {Salisbury, Andrew and Armitage, James and Bostock, Helen and Perry, Joe
   and Tatchell, Mark and Thompson, Ken},
Title = {{EDITOR'S CHOICE: Enhancing gardens as habitats for flower-visiting
   aerial insects (pollinators): should we plant native or exotic species?}},
Journal = {{JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY}},
Year = {{2015}},
Volume = {{52}},
Number = {{5}},
Pages = {{1156-1164}},
Month = {{OCT}},
Abstract = {{Domestic gardens typically consist of a mixture of native and non-native
   plants which support biodiversity and provide valuable ecosystem
   services, particularly in urban environments. Many gardeners wish to
   encourage biodiversity by choosing appropriate plant taxa. The value of
   native and non-native plants in supporting animal biodiversity is,
   however, largely unknown. The relative value of native and non-native
   garden plants to invertebrates was investigated in a replicated field
   experiment. Plots (deliberately akin to garden borders) were planted
   with one of three treatments, representing assemblages of plants based
   on origin (native, near-native and exotic). Invertebrates and resource
   measurements were recorded over fouryears. This paper reports the
   abundance of flower-visiting aerial insects (pollinators') associated
   with the three plant assemblages. For all pollinator groups on all
   treatments, greater floral resource resulted in an increase in visits.
   There was, however, a greater abundance of total pollinators recorded on
   native and near-native treatments compared with the exotic plots.
   Short-tongued bumblebees followed the same pattern whilst more
   hoverflies were recorded on the native treatment than the other
   treatments, and more honeybees on the near-native treatment. There was
   no difference between treatments in abundance of long-tongued bumblebees
   or solitary bees. The lack of difference in solitary bee abundance
   between treatments was probably due to a third of individuals from this
   group being recorded on one exotic plant species. The number of flower
   visitors corresponded to the peak flowering period of the treatments,
   that is there were fewer flower visitors to the exotic treatment
   compared with the other treatments in early summer but relatively more
   later in the season.Synthesis and applications. This experiment has
   demonstrated that utilizing plants from only a single region of origin
   (i.e. nativeness) may not be an optimal strategy for resource provision
   for pollinating insects in gardens. Gardens can be enhanced as a habitat
   by planting a variety of flowering plants, biased towards native and
   near-native species but with a selection of exotics to extend the
   flowering season and potentially provide resources for specialist
   groups.
   This experiment has demonstrated that utilizing plants from only a
   single region of origin (i.e. nativeness) may not be an optimal strategy
   for resource provision for pollinating insects in gardens. Gardens can
   be enhanced as a habitat by planting a variety of flowering plants,
   biased towards native and near-native species but with a selection of
   exotics to extend the flowering season and potentially provide resources
   for specialist groups.}},
Publisher = {{WILEY}},
Address = {{111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA}},
Type = {{Article}},
Language = {{English}},
Affiliation = {{Salisbury, A (Corresponding Author), RHS Garden Wisley, Royal Hort Soc, Woking GU23 6QB, Surrey, England.
   Salisbury, Andrew; Armitage, James; Bostock, Helen, RHS Garden Wisley, Royal Hort Soc, Woking GU23 6QB, Surrey, England.
   Perry, Joe, Oaklands Barn, Broome NR35 2HT, Norfolk, England.
   Tatchell, Mark, Laurels Farm, Sherborne DT9 4LA, Dorset, England.
   Thompson, Ken, Univ Sheffield, Dept Anim \& Plant Sci, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, S Yorkshire, England.}},
DOI = {{10.1111/1365-2664.12499}},
ISSN = {{0021-8901}},
EISSN = {{1365-2664}},
Keywords = {{biodiversity; Bombus; bumblebees; floral resources; garden flowers;
   honeybee; hoverflies; plant choice; pollinators; solitary bees}},
Keywords-Plus = {{FARM-SCALE EVALUATIONS; URBAN; RICHNESS; RESOURCE; BUMBLEBEES; EXTENT;
   FLORA; BEES}},
Research-Areas = {{Biodiversity \& Conservation; Environmental Sciences \& Ecology}},
Web-of-Science-Categories  = {{Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology}},
Author-Email = {{andrewsalisbury@rhs.org.uk}},
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Number-of-Cited-References = {{45}},
Times-Cited = {{67}},
Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {{4}},
Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {{215}},
Journal-ISO = {{J. Appl. Ecol.}},
Doc-Delivery-Number = {{CR2UP}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:000361186500006}},
OA = {{Other Gold}},
DA = {{2020-11-05}},
}

@article{ ISI:000364526700003,
Author = {Moquet, Laura and Mayer, Carolin and Michez, Denis and Wathelet, Bernard
   and Jacquemart, Anne-Laure},
Title = {{Early spring floral foraging resources for pollinators in wet heathlands
   in Belgium}},
Journal = {{JOURNAL OF INSECT CONSERVATION}},
Year = {{2015}},
Volume = {{19}},
Number = {{5}},
Pages = {{837-848}},
Month = {{OCT}},
Abstract = {{In temperate regions, foraging resources for pollinating insects are
   particularly important in early spring, especially for social insects
   like bumblebees that are initiating colonies. Heathlands, protected open
   habitats under EU law, provide floral resources (pollen and nectar) for
   a range of pollinating insects. In early spring, in Belgian heathlands,
   only two floral resources are available: willows Salix spp. (Salicaceae)
   and bilberry Vaccinium myrtillus (Ericaceae). Our objective was to
   assess whether these two plant species provide quantitative and
   qualitative resources during early spring. We examined the springtime
   activity of flower visitors on both S. x multinervis and V. myrtillus
   flowers in relation to sugar concentration and composition in nectar as
   well as composition of polypeptides and amino acids in pollen. The
   chemical composition of pollen differed significantly between the two
   plant species. Salix x multinervis offered pollen with higher
   polypeptide and essential amino acid contents than V. myrtillus.
   However, nectar quantities of V. myrtillus flowers were relatively high
   compared to S. x multinervis. During the overlapping flowering period of
   the two plant species, flower visitors seemed to favor high quality and
   easily accessible pollen of S. x multinervis species and visited V.
   myrtillus mainly for nectar resources.}},
Publisher = {{SPRINGER}},
Address = {{VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS}},
Type = {{Article}},
Language = {{English}},
Affiliation = {{Moquet, L (Corresponding Author), Catholic Univ Louvain, Earth \& Life Inst, Res Grp Genet Reprod Populat, Croix Du Sud 2,Box L7-05-14, B-1348 Louvain La Neuve, Belgium.
   Moquet, Laura; Mayer, Carolin; Jacquemart, Anne-Laure, Catholic Univ Louvain, Earth \& Life Inst, Res Grp Genet Reprod Populat, B-1348 Louvain La Neuve, Belgium.
   Michez, Denis, Univ Mons, Zool Lab, Inst Biosci, B-7000 Mons, Belgium.
   Wathelet, Bernard, Univ Liege, Ind Biol Chem Unit, Gembloux Agrobio Tech, B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium.}},
DOI = {{10.1007/s10841-015-9802-5}},
ISSN = {{1366-638X}},
EISSN = {{1572-9753}},
Keywords = {{Willow; Bilberry; Bumblebees; Solitary bees; Pollen; Nectar}},
Keywords-Plus = {{BOMBUS-TERRESTRIS; BEES HYMENOPTERA; VACCINIUM-MYRTILLUS;
   LANDSCAPE-SCALE; FLOWER CHOICE; BUMBLE BEES; LAND-USE; POLLEN; NECTAR;
   DIVERSITY}},
Research-Areas = {{Biodiversity \& Conservation; Entomology}},
Web-of-Science-Categories  = {{Biodiversity Conservation; Entomology}},
Author-Email = {{laura.moquet@uclouvain.be}},
ResearcherID-Numbers = {{Michez, Denis/L-1370-2019}},
ORCID-Numbers = {{Michez, Denis/0000-0001-8880-1838}},
Funding-Acknowledgement = {{FSR grant ({''}Fonds speciaux de recherche{''}, UCL); FNRS ({''}Fonds de
   la Recherche Scientifique{''}, Web Impact project)Fonds de la Recherche
   Scientifique - FNRS {[}FRFC 2.4613.12]}},
Funding-Text = {{The authors thank Maryse Vanderplanck, Romain Moerman and Nathalie Roger
   (Laboratory of Zoology, University of Mons) for assistance during
   chemical analyses, Isabelle Van de Vreken (Unit of Biological and
   Industrial Chemistry, Gembloux, University of Liege) for amino acid
   analyses, Rudy Wattiez (Proteomic and Microbiology, University of Mons)
   for polypeptide analyses, Marie Warnier (CARI, UCL) for nectar analyses.
   Thanks to Michael Keith-Lucas (University of Reading) for help during
   pollen identification and thanks to Sami Yunus (Institute of Condensed
   Matter and Nanosciences, UCL) for the construction of the electric
   vibrators for pollen collection. We would like to thank the
   ``Departement de la Nature et des Forets{''} for the permission to study
   in nature reserves and for the derogation concerning the sampling of
   plant and insect individuals. All our thanks to the two anonymous
   reviewers who improved the first version of the manuscript. The study
   was conducted in accordance with current Belgian laws. Funding was
   provided by FSR grant ({''}Fonds speciaux de recherche{''}, UCL) and
   FNRS ({''}Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique{''}, Web Impact project,
   FRFC 2.4613.12).}},
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Number-of-Cited-References = {{88}},
Times-Cited = {{17}},
Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {{3}},
Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {{45}},
Journal-ISO = {{J. Insect Conserv.}},
Doc-Delivery-Number = {{CV8IM}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:000364526700003}},
DA = {{2020-11-05}},
}

@article{ ISI:000364526700016,
Author = {Mallinger, Rachel E. and Werts, Peter and Gratton, Claudio},
Title = {{Pesticide use within a pollinator-dependent crop has negative effects on
   the abundance and species richness of sweat bees, Lasioglossum spp., and
   on bumble bee colony growth}},
Journal = {{JOURNAL OF INSECT CONSERVATION}},
Year = {{2015}},
Volume = {{19}},
Number = {{5}},
Pages = {{999-1010}},
Month = {{OCT}},
Abstract = {{Pesticides are implicated in current bee declines. Wild bees that nest
   or forage within agroecosystems may be exposed to numerous pesticides
   applied throughout their life cycles, with potential additive or
   synergistic effects. In pollinator-dependent crops, pesticides may
   reduce bee populations, creating trade-offs between pest management and
   crop pollination. In this three-year study, we examined the effects of
   pesticides on the abundance and species richness of wild bees within
   apple orchards of southern Wisconsin. We additionally deployed colonies
   of Bombus impatiens, a native and common species, in order to relate
   colony performance to orchard pesticide use. Utilizing grower spray
   records, we developed ``toxicity scores{''} as a continuous index of
   pesticide use for each orchard, a measure that incorporated each
   pesticide's relative toxicity to bees, its residual activity, and its
   application rate. While there was no relationship between total wild bee
   abundance and species richness with toxicity scores, there was a
   significant, negative effect on sweat bees, Lasioglossum spp. Many of
   these sweat bees are small-bodied, have short foraging ranges, are
   social, and have long foraging periods, all traits that could increase
   bee exposure or sensitivity to orchard pesticides. In addition, sentinel
   bumble bee colonies at orchards with high toxicity scores produced
   fewer, and smaller, workers. Bumble bees may also have a greater
   sensitivity and exposure to orchard pesticides due to their sociality
   and long foraging periods. Our results demonstrate that certain bee taxa
   may have a higher exposure or sensitivity to on-farm pesticide
   applications, and could therefore be vulnerable in agroecosystems.}},
Publisher = {{SPRINGER}},
Address = {{VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS}},
Type = {{Article}},
Language = {{English}},
Affiliation = {{Mallinger, RE (Corresponding Author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Entomol, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
   Mallinger, Rachel E.; Gratton, Claudio, Univ Wisconsin, Dept Entomol, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
   Werts, Peter, IPM Inst North Amer Inc, Madison, WI USA.
   Mallinger, Rachel E., USDA ARS, Fargo, ND 58102 USA.}},
DOI = {{10.1007/s10841-015-9816-z}},
ISSN = {{1366-638X}},
EISSN = {{1572-9753}},
Keywords = {{Toxicity; Native bee; Bombus; Apple; Orchard; Pest management; Organic}},
Keywords-Plus = {{LIFE-HISTORY TRAITS; APIS-MELLIFERA; WILD BEES; LANDSCAPE COMPOSITION;
   FORAGING RANGES; OSMIA-LIGNARIA; HONEY-BEES; FRUIT-SET; HYMENOPTERA;
   APIDAE}},
Research-Areas = {{Biodiversity \& Conservation; Entomology}},
Web-of-Science-Categories  = {{Biodiversity Conservation; Entomology}},
Author-Email = {{rachel.mallinger@gmail.com}},
Funding-Acknowledgement = {{Wisconsin Apple Growers Association; United States Department of
   Agriculture Specialty Crop Block Grant}},
Funding-Text = {{The authors would like to thank Mike Arduser and Jason Gibbs for
   assistance in identifying bees, Dr. Tom Green for his expertise and
   helpful comments, The Wisconsin Apple Growers Association, and the
   United States Department of Agriculture Specialty Crop Block Grant
   Program for funding.}},
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Number-of-Cited-References = {{58}},
Times-Cited = {{12}},
Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {{2}},
Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {{98}},
Journal-ISO = {{J. Insect Conserv.}},
Doc-Delivery-Number = {{CV8IM}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:000364526700016}},
DA = {{2020-11-05}},
}

@article{ ISI:000361472300017,
Author = {Spellman, Katie V. and Schneller, Laura C. and Mulder, Christa P. H. and
   Carlson, Matthew L.},
Title = {{Effects of non-native Melilotus albus on pollination and reproduction in
   two boreal shrubs}},
Journal = {{OECOLOGIA}},
Year = {{2015}},
Volume = {{179}},
Number = {{2}},
Pages = {{495-507}},
Month = {{OCT}},
Abstract = {{The establishment of abundantly flowered, highly rewarding non-native
   plant species is expected to have strong consequences for native plants
   through altered pollination services, particularly in boreal forest
   where the flowering season is short and the pollinator pool is small. In
   18 boreal forest sites, we added flowering Melilotus albus to some sites
   and left some sites as controls in 2 different years to test if the
   invasive plant influences the pollination and reproductive success of
   two co-flowering ericaceous species: Vaccinium vitis-idaea and
   Rhododendron groenlandicum. We found that M. albus increased the
   pollinator diversity and tended to increase visitation rates to the
   focal native plant species compared to control sites. Melilotus albus
   facilitated greater seed production per berry in V. vitis-idaea when we
   added 120 plants compared to when we added 40 plants or in control
   sites. In R. groenlandicum, increasing numbers of M. albus
   inflorescences lowered conspecific pollen loads and percentage of
   flowers pollinated; however, no differences in fruit set were detected.
   The number of M. albus inflorescences had greater importance in
   explaining R. groenlandicum pollination compared to other environmental
   variables such as weather and number of native flowers, and had greater
   importance in lower quality black spruce sites than in mixed deciduous
   and white spruce sites for explaining the percentage of V. vitis-idaea
   flowers pollinated. Our data suggest that the identity of new
   pollinators attracted to the invaded sites, degree of shared pollinators
   between invasive and native species, and variation in resource
   limitation among sites are likely determining factors in the
   reproductive responses of boreal native plants in the presence of an
   invasive.}},
Publisher = {{SPRINGER}},
Address = {{233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA}},
Type = {{Article}},
Language = {{English}},
Affiliation = {{Spellman, KV (Corresponding Author), Univ Alaska, Dept Biol \& Wildlife, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
   Spellman, Katie V.; Mulder, Christa P. H., Univ Alaska, Dept Biol \& Wildlife, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
   Schneller, Laura C.; Carlson, Matthew L., Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Biol Sci, Anchorage, AK 99501 USA.
   Carlson, Matthew L., Univ Alaska Anchorage, Alaska Nat Heritage Program, Anchorage, AK 99501 USA.}},
DOI = {{10.1007/s00442-015-3364-9}},
ISSN = {{0029-8549}},
EISSN = {{1432-1939}},
Keywords = {{Fruit set; Invasive species; Ledum palustre ssp groenlandicum; Seed set;
   Rhododendron groenlandicum; Vaccinium vitis-idaea}},
Keywords-Plus = {{NATIVE PLANT; VACCINIUM ERICACEAE; POLLEN LIMITATION; INVASIVE PLANTS;
   UPPER ARDENNES; COMPETITION; FOREST; ALASKA; COMMUNITIES; DISTURBANCE}},
Research-Areas = {{Environmental Sciences \& Ecology}},
Web-of-Science-Categories  = {{Ecology}},
Author-Email = {{katie.spellman@alaska.edu}},
ORCID-Numbers = {{Spellman, Katie/0000-0002-2291-0190}},
Funding-Acknowledgement = {{US Department of Agriculture NIFA {[}ALKR-2009-04931]; National Science
   Foundation IGERTNational Science Foundation (NSF) {[}0654441]}},
Funding-Text = {{Funding for this project was provided by grants from the US Department
   of Agriculture NIFA (ALKR-2009-04931) and National Science Foundation
   IGERT (grant no. 0654441). We thank our technicians (S. Decina, P.
   Hurtt, M. Kain, J. Malthot, L. Medinger, K. Moeller, L. Ponchione, T.
   Saunders) and volunteers (J. Conn, J. Martin, B. Spellman, D. Uliassi,
   E. Uliassi, L. Uliassi, K. Schnaars Uvino, J. Villano, and T. Villano)
   for assistance in field and lab work, M. Wright for greenhouse support,
   and the Bonanza Creek Long-Term Ecological Research Program for
   providing access to sites. Thoughtful comments from L. Conner, A. D.
   McGuire, and D. Wagner greatly helped us improve this manuscript.}},
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