text:
Volume = {65},
	Year = {2002},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {%3CGo%20to%20ISI%3E://WOS:000174979100031}}

@article{BEC:Busch_pra_2002,
	Abstract = {The transverse mode of an atom laser beam that is outcoupled from a Bose-Einstein condensate is investigated and is found to be strongly determined by the mean-field interaction of the laser beam with the condensate. For repulsive interactions, the condensate acts as a diverging lens for the outcoupled atoms, and transverse interference fringes in the atomic beam are predicted due to the coherent addition of amplitudes for atoms emitted from different regions in the condensate. This effect can be used to investigate the transverse coherence of an atom laser beam.},
	Author = {Busch, T. and Kohl, M. and Esslinger, T. and Molmer, K.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:02:16 +0000},
	Journal = {Physical Review A},
	Keywords = {einstein condensed atoms output coupler approximation},
	Number = {4},
	Title = {Transverse mode of an atom laser},
	Volume = {65},
	Year = {2002},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {%3CGo%20to%20ISI%3E://WOS:000174979100034}}

@article{BEC:Chevy_prl_2002,
	Abstract = {We study experimentally the transverse monopole mode of an elongated rubidium condensate. Because of the scaling invariance of the nonlinear Schrodinger (Gross-Pitaevskii) equation, the oscillation is monochromatic and sinusoidal at short times, even under strong excitation. For ultralow temperatures, the quality factor Q = omega(0)/gamma(0) can exceed 2000, where omega(0) and gamma(0) are the mode angular frequency and damping rate. This value is much larger than any previously reported for other eigenmodes of a condensate. We also present the temperature variation of omega(0) and gamma(0).},
	Author = {Chevy, F. and Bretin, V. and Rosenbusch, P. and Madison, K. W. and Dalibard, J.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:02:16 +0000},
	Journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	Keywords = {collective excitations scissors mode finite-temperature frequency-shifts gases oscillations collisionless superfluidity dynamics traps},
	Number = {25},
	Title = {Transverse breathing mode of an elongated Bose-Einstein condensate},
	Volume = {88},
	Year = {2002},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {%3CGo%20to%20ISI%3E://WOS:000176554800002}}

@article{BEC:Cornell_revmod_2002,
	Abstract = {Bose-Einstein condensation, or BEC, has a long and rich history dating from the early 1920s. In this article we will trace briefly over this history and some of the developments in physics that made possible our successful pursuit of BEC in a gas. We will then discuss what was involved in this quest. In this discussion we will go beyond the usual technical description to try and address certain questions that we now hear frequently, but are not covered in our past research papers. These are questions along the lines of: How did you get the idea and decide to pursue it? Did you know it was going to work? How long did it take you and why? We will review some our favorites from among the experiments we have carried out with BEC. There will then be a brief encore on why we are optimistic that BEC can be created with nearly any species of magnetically trappable atom. Throughout this article we will try to explain what makes BEC in a dilute gas so interesting, unique, and experimentally challenging(1).},
	Author = {Cornell, E. A. and Wieman, C. E.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:02:18 +0000},
	Journal = {Reviews of Modern Physics},
	Keywords = {polarized atomic-hydrogen trapped neutral atoms resonance-radiation pressure collective excitations 3-body recombination feshbach resonances magnetooptical trap elastic-scattering magnetic trap doppler limit},
	Number = {3},
	Pages = {875-893},
	Title = {Nobel Lecture: Bose-Einstein condensation in a dilute gas, the first 70 years and some recent experiments},
	Volume = {74},
	Year = {2002},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {%3CGo%20to%20ISI%3E://WOS:000177874200007}}

@article{AO:Cren_epjd_2002,
	Abstract = {We demonstrate experimentally the continuous and pulsed loading of a slow and cold atomic beam into a magnetic guide. The slow beam is produced using a vapor loaded laser trap, which ensures two-dimensional magneto-optical trapping, as well as cooling by a moving molasses along the third direction. It provides a continuous flux larger than 10(9) atoms/s with an adjustable mean velocity ranging from 0.3 to 3 m/s, and with longitudinal and transverse temperatures smaller than 100 muK. Up to 3 X 10(8) atoms/s are injected into the magnetic guide and subsequently guided over a distance of 40 cm.},
	Author = {Cren, P. and Roos, C. F. and Aclan, A. and Dalibard, J. and Guery-Odelin, D.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:02:18 +0000},
	Journal = {European Physical Journal D},
	Keywords = {2-dimensional magnetooptical trap neutral atoms cesium atoms slow atoms molecules funnel manipulation velocities wire},
	Number = {1},
	Pages = {107-116},
	Title = {Loading of a cold atomic beam into a magnetic guide},
	Volume = {20},
	Year = {2002},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {%3CGo%20to%20ISI%3E://WOS:000177155600014}}

@article{OL:Denschlag_jphysb_2002,
	Abstract = {We have performed a number of experiments with a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) in a one-dimensional optical lattice. Making use of the small momentum spread of a BEC and standard atom optics techniques, a high level of coherent control over an artificial solid-state system is demonstrated. We are able to load the BEC into the lattice ground state with a very high efficiency by adiabatically turning on the optical lattice. We coherently transfer population between lattice states and observe their evolution. Methods are developed and used to perform band spectroscopy. We use these techniques to build a BEC accelerator and a novel, coherent, large-momentum-transfer beam-splitter.},
	Author = {Denschlag, J. H. and Simsarian, J. E. and Haffner, H. and McKenzie, C. and Browaeys, A. and Cho, D. and Helmerson, K. and Rolston, S. L. and Phillips, W. D.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:02:19 +0000},
	Journal = {Journal of Physics B-Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics},
	Keywords = {standing light-wave bloch oscillations ultracold atoms neutral atoms diffraction superfluid passage arrays traps gas},
	Number = {14},
	Pages = {3095-3110},
	Title = {A Bose-Einstein condensate in an optical lattice},
	Volume = {35},
	Year = {2002},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {%3CGo%20to%20ISI%3E://WOS:000177512400010}}

@article{Vtx:Engels_prl_2002,
	Abstract = {We have studied the dynamics of large vortex lattices in a dilute-gas Bose-Einstein condensate. While undisturbed lattices have a regular hexagonal structure, large-amplitude quadrupolar shape oscillations of the condensate are shown to induce a wealth of nonequilibrium lattice dynamics. When exciting an m=-2 mode, we observe shifting of lattice planes, changes of lattice structure, and sheetlike structures in which individual vortices appear to have merged. Excitation of an m=+2 mode dissolves the regular lattice, leading to randomly arranged but still strictly parallel vortex lines.},
	Author = {Engels, P. and Coddington, I. and Haljan, P. C. and Cornell, E. A.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:02:21 +0000},
	Journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	Keywords = {vortices nucleation modes},
	Number = {10},
	Title = {Nonequilibrium effects of anisotropic compression applied to vortex lattices in Bose-Einstein condensates},
	Volume = {89},
	Year = {2002},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {%3CGo%20to%20ISI%3E://WOS:000177582600003}}

@article{BEC:Fernandez_arxiv_2002,
	Abstract = {We study the Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov mean-field theory as applied to a two-dimensional finite trapped Bose gas at low temperatures and find that, in the Hartree-Fock approximation, the system can be described either with or without the presence of a condensate; this is true in the thermodynamic limit as well. Of the two solutions, the one that includes a condensate has a lower free energy at all temperatures. However, the Hartree-Fock scheme neglects the presence of phonons within the system, and when we allow for the possibility of phonons we are unable to find condensed solutions; the uncondensed solutions, on the other hand, are valid also in the latter, more general scheme. Our results confirm that low-energy phonons destabilize the two-dimensional condensate.},
	Author = {Fernandez, Juan Pablo and Mullin, William J.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:09:09 +0000},
	Journal = {arXiv:cond-mat/0203175},
	Keywords = {Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics},
	Title = {The Two-Dimensional Bose-Einstein Condensate},
	Year = {2002},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0203175%20files/172/0203175.html}}

@article{BEC:Gardiner_jphysb_2002,
	Abstract = {We show how to adapt the ideas of local energy and momentum conservation in order to derive modifications to the Gross-Pitaevskii equation which can be used phenomenologically to describe irreversible effects in a Bose-Einstein condensate. Our approach involves the derivation of a simplified quantum kinetic theory, in which all processes are treated locally. It is shown that this kinetic theory can then be transformed into a number of phase-space representations, of which the Wigner function description, although approximate, is shown to be the most advantageous. In this description, the quantum kinetic master equation takes the form of a Gross-Pitaevskii equation with noise and damping added according to a well defined prescription - an equation we call the stochastic Gross-Pitaevskii equation . From this, a very simplified description we call the phenomenological growth equation can be derived. We use this equation to study (i) the nucleation and growth of vortex lattices, and (ii) nonlinear losses in a hydrogen condensate, which it is shown can lead to a curious instability phenomenon.},
	Author = {Gardiner, C. W. and Anglin, J. R. and Fudge, T. I. A.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:26:04 +0000},
	Journal = {Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics},
	Number = {6},
	Pages = {1555},
	Title = {The stochastic Gross-Pitaevskii equation},
	Volume = {35},
	Year = {2002},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://stacks.iop.org/0953-4075/35/i=6/a=310}}

@article{OL:Greiner_nat_2002,
	Abstract = {For a system at a temperature of absolute zero, all thermal fluctuations are frozen out, while quantum fluctuations prevail. These microscopic quantum fluctuations can induce a macroscopic phase transition in the ground state of a many-body system when the relative strength of two competing energy terms is varied across a critical value. Here we observe such a quantum phase transition in a Bose-Einstein condensate with repulsive interactions, held in a three-dimensional optical lattice potential. As the potential depth of the lattice is increased, a transition is observed from a superfluid to a Mott insulator phase. In the superfluid phase, each atom is spread out over the entire lattice, with long-range phase coherence. But in the insulating phase, exact numbers of atoms are localized at individual lattice sites, with no phase coherence across the lattice; this phase is characterized by a gap in the excitation spectrum. We can induce reversible changes between the two ground states of the system.},
	Author = {Greiner, M. and Mandel, O. and Esslinger, T. and Hansch, T. W. and Bloch, I.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:01:35 +0000},
	Journal = {Nature},
	Keywords = {josephson-junction arrays coherence model},
	Number = {6867},
	Pages = {39-44},
	Title = {Quantum phase transition from a superfluid to a Mott insulator in a gas of ultracold atoms},
	Volume = {415},
	Year = {2002},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {%3CGo%20to%20ISI%3E://WOS:000173028800033%20http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v415/n6867/pdf/415039a.pdf}}

@article{BEC:Ketterle_revmod_2002,
	Author = {Ketterle, W.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:02:40 +0000},
	Journal = {Reviews of Modern Physics},
	Keywords = {trapped neutral atoms phase-coherent amplification magnetooptical trap magnetic trap semiconductor microcavities optical molasses superfluid he-4 density profile space density matter waves},
	Number = {4},
	Pages = {1131-1151},
	Title = {Nobel lecture: When atoms behave as waves: Bose-Einstein condensation and the atom laser},
	Volume = {74},
	Year = {2002},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {%3CGo%20to%20ISI%3E://WOS:000179878900006}}

@article{BEC:Kimura_pra_2002,
	Abstract = {The breathing mode collective-excitation frequency of a Bose-Einstein condensate is studied in a highly asymmetric (two- or one-dimensional) trap by using a sum-rule method and a time-dependent variational method. The collective-excitation frequency of the breathing mode in the Thomas-Fermi limit for a purely two- or one-dimensional trap is reproduced by a general result for a three-dimensional trap. In the case of a two- or one-dimensional trap, we obtain the lowest-order correction for the excitation frequency due to the finiteness of the trap frequency in the tightly trapped direction or the finiteness of the number of atoms.},
	Author = {Kimura, Takashi},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:26:23 +0000},
	Journal = {Physical Review A},
	Number = {1},
	Title = {Breathing modes of Bose-Einstein condensates in highly asymmetric traps},
	Volume = {66},
	Year = {2002},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevA.66.013608%20files/368/e013608.html%20http://pra.aps.org/abstract/PRA/v66/i1/e013608}}

@article{VTX:Leanhardt_prl_2002,
	Abstract = {Vortices were imprinted in a Bose-Einstein condensate using topological phases. Sodium condensates held in a Ioffe-Pritchard magnetic trap were transformed from a nonrotating state to one with quantized circulation by adiabatically inverting the magnetic bias field along the trap axis. Using surface wave spectroscopy, the axial angular momentum per particle of the vortex states was found to be consistent with 2 (h) over bar or 4 (h) over bar, depending on the hyperfine state of the condensate.},
	Author = {Leanhardt, A. E. and Gorlitz, A. and Chikkatur, A. P. and Kielpinski, D. and Shin, Y. and Pritchard, D. E. and Ketterle, W.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:02:41 +0000},
	Journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	Keywords = {vortex atoms spectroscopy},
	Number = {19},
	Title = {Imprinting vortices in a Bose-Einstein condensate using topological phases},
	Volume = {89},
	Year = {2002},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {%3CGo%20to%20ISI%3E://WOS:000178790900003}}

@article{Vtx:Mottonen_jpcm_2002,
	Abstract = {It is shown that a vortex can be continuously created in a Bose-Einstein condensate with hyperfine spin F = 2 in a Ioffe-Pritchard trap by reversing the axial magnetic field adiabatically. It may be speculated that the condensate cannot be confined in the trap since the weak-field seeking state makes transitions to the neutral and the strong-field seeking states due to the degeneracy of these states along the vortex axis when the axial field vanishes. We have solved the Gross-Pitaevskii equation numerically with given external magnetic fields to show that this is not the case. It is shown that a considerable fraction of the condensate remains in the trap even when the axial field is reversed rather slowly. This scenario is also analysed in the presence of an optical plug along the vortex axis. Then the condensate remains within the F-z = 2 manifold, with respect to the local magnetic field, throughout the formation of a vortex and hence the loss of atoms does not take place.},
	Author = {Mottonen, M. and Matsumoto, N. and Nakahara, M. and Ohmi, T.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:02:46 +0000},
	Journal = {Journal of Physics-Condensed Matter},
	Number = {49},
	Pages = {13481-13491},
	Title = {Continuous creation of a vortex in a Bose-Einstein condensate with hyperfine spin F=2},
	Volume = {14},
	Year = {2002},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {%3CGo%20to%20ISI%3E://WOS:000180415500011}}

@article{Vtx:Mueller_prl_2002,
	Author = {Mueller, Erich J. and Ho, Tin-Lun},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:08:49 +0000},
	Journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	Number = {18},
	Pages = {180403},
	Title = {Two-Component Bose-Einstein Condensates with a Large Number of Vortices},
	Volume = {88},
	Year = {2002},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.88.180403}}

@article{Vtx:Ogawa_pra_2002,
	Abstract = {It has been shown that a vortex in a Bose-Einstein condensate with spin degrees of freedom can be created by manipulating with external magnetic fields. In the previous work [Phys. Rev. A 61, 063610 (2000)] an optical plug along the vortex axis has been introduced to avoid Majorana flips, which take place when the external magnetic field vanishes along the vortex axis while it is created. In the present work, in contrast, we study the same scenario without introducing the optical plug. The magnetic field vanishes only in the center of the vortex at a certain moment of the evolution and hence we expect that the system will lose only a fraction of the atoms by Majorana flips even in the absence of an optical plug. Our conjecture is justified by numerically solving the Gross-Pitaevskii equation, where the full spinor degrees of freedom of the order parameter are properly taken into account. A significant simplification of the experimental realization of the scenario is attained by the omission of the optical plug.},
	Author = {Ogawa, S. I. and Mottonen, M. and Nakahara, M. and Ohmi, T. and Shimada, H.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:02:47 +0000},
	Journal = {Physical Review A},
	Keywords = {phase},
	Number = {1},
	Title = {Method to create a vortex in a Bose-Einstein condensate},
	Volume = {66},
	Year = {2002},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {%3CGo%20to%20ISI%3E://WOS:000177200800107}}

@article{Vtx:Rosenbusch_prl_2002,
	Abstract = {We study experimentally the line of a single quantized vortex in a rotating prolate Bose-Einstein condensate confined by a harmonic potential. In agreement with predictions, we find that the vortex line is in most cases curved at the ends. We monitor the vortex line leaving the condensate. Its length is measured as a function of time and temperature. For a low temperature, the survival time can be as large as 10 sec. The length of the line and its deviation from the center of the trap are related to the angular momentum per particle along the condensate axis.},
	Author = {Rosenbusch, P. and Bretin, V. and Dalibard, J.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:02:50 +0000},
	Journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	Keywords = {dissipative dynamics nucleation vortices lattices traps gas},
	Number = {20},
	Title = {Dynamics of a single vortex line in a Bose-Einstein condensate},
	Volume = {89},
	Year = {2002},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {%3CGo%20to%20ISI%3E://WOS:000178938500003}}

@article{BEC:Rosenbusch_prl_2002,
	Abstract = {We study experimentally and theoretically a cold trapped Bose gas under critical rotation, i.e., with a rotation frequency close to the frequency of the radial confinement. We identify two regimes: the regime of explosion where the cloud expands to infinity in one direction, and the regime where the condensate spirals out of the trap as a rigid body. The former is realized for a dilute cloud, and the latter for a condensate with the interparticle interaction exceeding a critical value. This constitutes a novel system in which repulsive interactions help in maintaining particles together.},
	Author = {Rosenbusch, P. and Petrov, D. S. and Sinha, S. and Chevy, F. and Bretin, V. and Castin, Y. and Shlyapnikov, G. and Dalibard, J.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:02:50 +0000},
	Journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	Keywords = {einstein-condensate excitations vortices},
	Number = {25},
	Title = {Critical rotation of a harmonically trapped Bose gas},
	Volume = {88},
	Year = {2002},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {%3CGo%20to%20ISI%3E://WOS:000176554800003}}

@article{BEC:Tanatar_arxiv_2002,
	Author = {Tanatar, B. and Minguzzi, A. and Vignolo, P. and Tosi, M. P.},
	Journal = {arXiv},
	Title = {Bose-Einstein condensates at equilibrium inside a pancake-shaped trap: dimensional cross-over in the scattering properties},
	Year = {2002}}

@article{LEC:Abrikosov_Nobel_2003,
	Author = {Abrikosov, A.},
	Title = {Type II Superconductors and the Vortex Lattice},
	Year = {2003}}

@article{Vtx:Bretin_prl_2003,
	Abstract = {We study the two transverse quadrupole modes of a cigar-shaped Bose-Einstein condensate with a single centered vortex. We show that the counterrotating mode is more strongly damped than in the absence of a vortex, whereas the corotating mode is not affected appreciably by the vortex. We interpret this result as a decay of the counterrotating quadrupole mode into two excitations of the vortex line, the so-called Kelvin modes. This is supported by direct observation of the vortex line.},
	Author = {Bretin, V. and Rosenbusch, P. and Chevy, F. and Shlyapnikov, G. V. and Dalibard, J.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:02:14 +0000},
	Journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	Keywords = {collective excitations gas spectroscopy lattices vortices dynamics traps},
	Number = {10},
	Title = {Quadrupole oscillation of a single-vortex Bose-Einstein condensate: Evidence for Kelvin modes},
	Volume = {90},
	Year = {2003},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {%3CGo%20to%20ISI%3E://WOS:000181597500003}}

@article{Vtx:Bretin_joptb_2003,
	Abstract = {We study experimentally the line of a single vortex in a rotating prolate Bose-Einstein condensate confined in a harmonic potential. In agreement with predictions, we find that the vortex line is in most cases curved at the ends. We also present measurements of the quadrupole oscillation of the condensate in the presence of a single vortex. A theoretical treatment to account for the short time and long time behaviours of these modes is developed. Finally, we use these measurements to infer the angular momentum per particle and relate it to the shape of the vortex line.},
	Author = {Bretin, V. and Rosenbusch, P. and Dalibard, J.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:02:14 +0000},
	Journal = {Journal of Optics B-Quantum and Semiclassical Optics},
	Keywords = {bose-einstein condensates quantized vortices superfluidity cold atoms collective excitations dissipative dynamics vortices nucleation lattices gas superconductors energy states traps},
	Number = {2},
	Pages = {S23-S28},
	Title = {Dynamics of a single vortex line in a Bose-Einstein condensate},
	Volume = {5},
	Year = {2003},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {%3CGo%20to%20ISI%3E://WOS:000182803400008}}

@article{BEC:Cozzini_pra_2003,
	Abstract = {A scissors mode of a rotating Bose-Einstein condensate is investigated both theoretically and experimentally. The condensate is confined in an axisymmetric harmonic trap, superimposed with a small rotating deformation. For angular velocities larger than omega(perpendicular to)/root2, where omega(perpendicular to) is the radial trap frequency, the frequency of the scissors mode is predicted to vanish like the square root of the deformation, due to the tendency of the system to exhibit spontaneous rotational symmetry breaking. Measurements of the frequency confirm the predictions of theory. Accompanying characteristic oscillations of the internal shape of the condensate are also calculated and observed experimentally.},
	Author = {Cozzini, M. and Stringari, S. and Bretin, V. and Rosenbusch, P. and Dalibard, J.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:02:18 +0000},
	Journal = {Physical Review A},
	Keywords = {gas superfluidity},
	Number = {2},
	Title = {Scissors mode of a rotating Bose-Einstein condensate},
	Volume = {67},
	Year = {2003},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {%3CGo%20to%20ISI%3E://WOS:000181361200008}}

@article{Vtx:Danaila_canum_2003,
	Author = {Danaila, I.},
	Journal = {CANUM},
	Title = {Numerical simulation of a rotating Bose Einstein condensate},
	Year = {2003}}

@article{OL:Greiner_physb_2003,
	Abstract = {A quantum phase transition from a superfluid to a Mott insulating ground state was observed in a Bose-Einstein condensate stored in a three-dimensional optical lattice potential. With this experiment a new field of physics with ultracold atomic quantum gases is entered. Now interactions between atoms dominate the behavior of the many-body system, such that it cannot be described by the usual theories for weakly interacting Bose gases anymore. (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier Science B.V.},
	Author = {Greiner, M. and Mandel, O. and Rom, T. and Altmeyer, A. and Widera, A. and Hansch, T. W. and Bloch, I.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:01:41 +0000},
	Journal = {Physica B-Condensed Matter},
	Keywords = {mott insulator quantum phase transition bose-einstein condensate},
	Pages = {11-12},
	Title = {Quantum phase transition from a superfluid to a Mott insulator in an ultracold gas of atoms},
	Volume = {329},
	Year = {2003},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {%3CGo%20to%20ISI%3E://WOS:000183224100005%20http://ac.els-cdn.com/S0921452602018720/1-s2.0-S0921452602018720-main.pdf?_tid=60479630-8897-11e3-9e7b-00000aab0f02&acdnat=1390967128_2361693df6c744794829e71bf381230d}}

@article{OL:Jaksch_njp_2003,
	Abstract = {We investigate the dynamics of neutral atoms in a 2D optical lattice which traps two distinct internal states of the atoms in different columns. Two Raman lasers are used to coherently transfer atoms from one internal state to the other, thereby causing hopping between the different columns. By adjusting the laser parameters appropriately we can induce a non-vanishing phase of particles moving along a closed path on the lattice. This phase is proportional to the enclosed area and we thus simulate a magnetic flux through the lattice. This set-up is described by a Hamiltonian identical to the one for electrons on a lattice subject to a magnetic field and thus allows us to study this equivalent situation under very well defined controllable conditions. We consider the limiting case of huge magnetic fields - which is not experimentally accessible for electrons in metals - where a fractal band structure, the Hofstadter butterfly, characterizes the system.},
	Author = {Jaksch, D. and Zoller, P.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:01:38 +0000},
	Journal = {New Journal of Physics},
	Keywords = {quantum gates},
	Title = {Creation of effective magnetic fields in optical lattices: the Hofstadter butterfly for cold neutral atoms},
	Volume = {5},
	Year = {2003},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {%3CGo%20to%20ISI%3E://WOS:000183231300007%20http://iopscience.iop.org/1367-2630/5/1/356/pdf/1367-2630_5_1_356.pdf}}

@article{OL:Moritz_prl_2003,
	Abstract = {We report on the realization of a trapped one-dimensional Bose gas and its characterization by means of measuring its lowest lying collective excitations. The quantum degenerate Bose gas is prepared in a 2D optical lattice, and we find the ratio of the frequencies of the lowest compressional (breathing) mode and the dipole mode to be (omega(B)/omega(D))(2)similar or equal to3.1, in accordance with the Lieb-Liniger and mean-field theory. For a thermal gas we measure (omega(B)/omega(D))(2)similar or equal to4. By heating the quantum degenerate gas, we have studied the transition between the two regimes. For the lowest number of particles attainable in the experiment the kinetic energy of the system is similar to the interaction energy, and we enter the strongly interacting regime.},
	Author = {Moritz, H. and Stoferle, T. and Kohl, M. and Esslinger, T.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:02:46 +0000},
	Journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	Keywords = {interacting bose gas impenetrable bosons excitations soliton},
	Number = {25},
	Title = {Exciting collective oscillations in a trapped 1D gas},
	Volume = {91},
	Year = {2003},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {%3CGo%20to%20ISI%3E://WOS:000187430900002}}

@phdthesis{THS:Penckwitt_2003,
	Author = {Penckwitt, A.},
	School = {University of Otago},
	Title = {Rotating Bose--Einstein Condensates: Vortex Lattices and Excitations},
	Year = {2003}}

@article{BK:Pitaevskii_Stringari_2003,
	Author = {Pitaevskii, L. P. and Stringari, S.},
	Title = {Bose-Einstein Condensation},
	Year = {2003}}

@article{Vtx:Regnault_prl_2003,
	Abstract = {We study the quantum Hall phases that appear in the dilute limit of rotating Bose-Einstein condensates. By exact diagonalization in a spherical geometry we obtain the ground state and low-lying excited states of a small number of bosons as a function of the filling fraction nu, the ratio of the number of bosons to the number of vortices. We show the occurrence of the Jain principal sequence of incompressible liquids for nu=2/3,3/4,4/3,5/4 in addition to the Laughlin state nu=1/2 as well as the Pfaffian state for nu=1. We give gap estimates by finite-size scaling of both charged and neutral excitations.},
	Author = {Regnault, N. and Jolicoeur, T.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:02:49 +0000},
	Journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	Keywords = {states},
	Number = {3},
	Title = {Quantum Hall fractions in rotating Bose-Einstein condensates},
	Volume = {91},
	Year = {2003},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {%3CGo%20to%20ISI%3E://WOS:000184428900003}}

@article{Vtx:Subrahmanyam_pra_2003,
	Abstract = {We study a harmonically confined Bose-Einstein condensate under rotation. Vortex lattice configurations are investigated through a variational approach. Vortices with more than a unit of angular momentum are not stable. We explicitly show that the critical rotational frequency is quite small, as was reported in a recent experiment, with an asymmetric harmonic confining potential. The width of the condensate along the z direction (the anisotropy direction) and in the xy plane and the vortex density are determined as functions of the rotational frequency. The aspect ratio becomes small for large rotational frequencies, making the condensate an effectively two-dimensional system.},
	Author = {Subrahmanyam, V.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:02:54 +0000},
	Journal = {Physical Review A},
	Number = {3},
	Title = {Rotating Bose-Einstein condensates with a large number of vortices},
	Volume = {67},
	Year = {2003},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {%3CGo%20to%20ISI%3E://WOS:000181965900113}}

@phdthesis{THS:Astrakharchik_2004,
	Author = {Astrakharchik, G. E.},
	School = {University of Trento},
	Title = {Quantum Monte Carlo study of Ultracold Gases},
	Year = {2004}}

@article{BEC:Bretin_prl_2004,
	Abstract = {We study the rotation of a Rb-87 Bose-Einstein condensate confined in a quadratic plus quartic potential. This trap configuration allows one to increase the rotation frequency of the gas above the trap frequency. In such a fast rotation regime we observe a dramatic change in the appearance of the quantum gas. The vortices which were easily detectable for a slower rotation become much less visible, and their surface density is well below the value expected for this rotation frequency domain. We discuss some possible tracks to account for this effect.},
	Author = {Bretin, V. and Stock, S. and Seurin, Y. and Dalibard, J.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:02:15 +0000},
	Journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	Keywords = {vortices traps},
	Number = {5},
	Title = {Fast rotation of a Bose-Einstein condensate},
	Volume = {92},
	Year = {2004},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {%3CGo%20to%20ISI%3E://WOS:000188785200003}}

@article{CT:chu_physrep_2004,
	Abstract = {The advancement of high-power and short-pulse laser technology in the past two decades has generated considerable interest in the study of multiphoton and very high-order nonlinear optical processes of atomic and molecular systems in intense and superintense laser fields, leading to the discovery of a host of novel strong-field phenomena which cannot be understood by the conventional perturbation theory. The Floquet theorem and the time-independent Floquet Hamiltonian method are powerful theoretical framework for the study of bound-bound multiphoton transitions driven by periodically time-dependent fields. However, there are a number of significant strong-field processes cannot be directly treated by the conventional Floquet methods. In this review article, we discuss several recent developments of generalized Floquet theorems, formalisms, and quasienergy methods, beyond the conventional Floquet theorem, for accurate nonperturbative treatment of a broad range of strong-field atomic and molecular processes and phenomena of current interests. Topics covered include (a) artificial intelligence (AI)-most-probable-path approach (MPPA) for effective treatment of ultralarge Floquet matrix problem; (b) non-Hermitian Floquet formalisms and complex quasienergy methods for nonperturbative treatment of bound-free and free-free processes such as multiphoton ionization (MPI) and above-threshold ionization (ATI) of atoms and molecules, multiphoton dissociation (MPD) and above-threshold dissociation (ATD) of molecules, chemical bond softening and hardening, charge-resonance enhanced ionization (CREI) of molecular ions, and multiple high-order harmonic generation (HHG), etc.; (c) many-mode Floquet theorem (MMFT) for exact treatment of multiphoton processes in multi-color laser fields with nonperiodic time-dependent Hamiltonian; (d) Floquet-Liouville supermatrix (FLSM) formalism for exact nonperturbative treatment of time-dependent Liouville equation (allowing for relaxations and dephasing mechanisms) and high-order nonlinear optical processes (such as intensity-dependent nonlinear optical susceptibilities and multiphoton resonance fluorescence, etc.); (e) generalized Floquet approaches for the treatment of nonadiabatic and complex geometric phases involving multiphoton transitions; (f) generalized Floquet techniques for the treatment of multiphoton processes in intense laser pulse fields with nonperiodic time-dependent Hamiltonians; (g) Floquet formulations of time-dependent density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent current DFT for nonperturbative treatment of multiphoton processes of many-electron quantum systems in periodic or polychromatic (quasiperiodic) laser fields. For each generalized Floquet approach, we present also the corresponding development of new computational techniques for facilitating the study of strong-field processes and phenomena. The advancement of these generalized Floquet formalisms and quasienergy methods provides powerful new theoretical frameworks and accurate computational methods for nonperturbative and ab initio treatment of a wide range of interesting and challenging laser-induced chemical and physical processes and insightful exploration of strong-field atomic and molecular physics. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	Author = {Chu, S. I. and Telnov, D. A.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:02:17 +0000},
	Journal = {Physics Reports-Review Section of Physics Letters},
	Keywords = {density-functional theory order harmonic-generation dependent schrodinger-equation liouville supermatrix approach above-threshold dissociation self-interaction correction su(3) dynamical evolution chaotic rabi oscillations charge-transfer reactions cyclic quantum evolution},
	Number = {1-2},
	Pages = {1-131},
	Title = {Beyond the Floquet theorem: generalized Floquet formalisms and quasienergy methods for atomic and molecular multiphoton processes in intense laser fields},
	Volume = {390},
	Year = {2004},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {%3CGo%20to%20ISI%3E://WOS:000188411200001}}

@article{VTX:Coddington_pra_2004,
	Abstract = {We characterize several equilibrium vortex effects in a rotating Bose-Einstein condensate. Specifically we attempt precision measurements of the vortex-lattice spacing and vortex-core size over a range of condensate densities and rotation rates. These measurements are supplemented by numerical simulations, and both experimental and numerical data are compared to theory. Finally, we study the effect of the centrifugal weakening of the trapping spring constants on the critical temperature for quantum degeneracy and the effects of finite temperature on vortex contrast.},
	Author = {Coddington, I. and Haljan, P. C. and Engels, P. and Schweikhard, V. and Tung, S. and Cornell, E. A.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:02:17 +0000},
	Journal = {Physical Review A},
	Keywords = {einstein condensate scissors mode superfluidity vortices},
	Number = {6},
	Title = {Experimental studies of equilibrium vortex properties in a Bose-condensed gas},
	Volume = {70},
	Year = {2004},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {%3CGo%20to%20ISI%3E://WOS:000226418900105}}

@article{CT:Duffy_pra_2004,
	Abstract = {We experimentally investigate the atom-optical delta-kicked harmonic oscillator for the case of nonlinearity due to collisional interactions present in a Bose-Einstein condensate. A Bose condensate of rubidium atoms tightly confined in a static harmonic magnetic trap is exposed to a one-dimensional optical standing-wave potential that is pulsed on periodically. We focus on the quantum antiresonance case for which the classical periodic behavior is simple and well understood. We show that after a small number of kicks the dynamics are dominated by dephasing of matter wave interference due to the finite width of the condensate's initial momentum distribution. In addition, we demonstrate that the nonlinear mean-field interaction in a typical harmonically confined Bose condensate is not sufficient to give rise to chaotic behavior.},
	Author = {Duffy, G. J. and Mellish, A. S. and Challis, K. J. and Wilson, A. C.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:02:20 +0000},
	Journal = {Physical Review A},
	Keywords = {standing light-wave quantum resonance dynamics chaos field rotor trap},
	Number = {4},
	Title = {Nonlinear atom-optical delta-kicked harmonic oscillator using a Bose-Einstein condensate},
	Volume = {70},
	Year = {2004},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {%3CGo%20to%20ISI%3E://WOS:000225322500010}}

@article{Eckert:04,
	Abstract = {Three-level atom optics is introduced as a simple, efficient, and robust method to coherently manipulate and transport neutral atoms. The tunneling interaction among three trapped states allows us to realize the spatial analog of the stimulated Raman adiabatic passage, coherent population trapping, and electromagnetically induced transparency techniques and offers a wide range of possible applications. We investigate an implementation in optical microtrap arrays and show that under realistic parameters the coherent manipulation and transfer of neutral atoms among dipole traps could be realized in the millisecond range.},
	Author = {Eckert, K. and Lewenstein, M. and Corbalan, R. and Birkl, G. and Ertmer, W. and Mompart, J.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:02:20 +0000},
	Journal = {Physical Review A},
	Keywords = {electromagnetically induced transparency coherent population transfer ground-state single atoms dipole trap gas},
	Number = {2},
	Title = {Three-level atom optics via the tunneling interaction},
	Volume = {70},
	Year = {2004},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {%3CGo%20to%20ISI%3E://WOS:000223717400106}}

@article{AO:Eckert_pra_2004,
	Abstract = {Three-level atom optics is introduced as a simple, efficient, and robust method to coherently manipulate and transport neutral atoms. The tunneling interaction among three trapped states allows us to realize the spatial analog of the stimulated Raman adiabatic passage, coherent population trapping, and electromagnetically induced transparency techniques and offers a wide range of possible applications. We investigate an implementation in optical microtrap arrays and show that under realistic parameters the coherent manipulation and transfer of neutral atoms among dipole traps could be realized in the millisecond range.},
	Author = {Eckert, K. and Lewenstein, M. and Corbal{\'a}n, R. and Birkl, G. and Ertmer, W. and Mompart, J.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:25:53 +0000},
	Journal = {Physical Review A},
	Number = {2},
	Title = {Three-level atom optics via the tunneling interaction},
	Volume = {70},
	Year = {2004},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevA.70.023606%20files/218/e023606.html%20http://pra.aps.org/abstract/PRA/v70/i2/e023606}}

@article{Vtx:Ghosh_pra_2004,
	Abstract = {We study rotational motion of an interacting atomic Bose-Einstein condensate confined in a quadratic-plus-quartic potential. We calculate the lowest energy surface mode frequency and show that a symmetric trapped (harmonic and quartic) Bose-Einstein condensate breaks the rotational symmetry of the Hamiltonian when rotational frequency is greater than one-half of the lowest energy surface mode frequency. We argue that the formation of a vortex is not possible in a noninteracting as well as in an attractive Bose-Einstein condensate confined in a harmonic trap due to the absence of the spontaneous shape deformation, but it can occur which leads to the vortex formation if we add an additional quartic potential. Moreover, the spontaneous shape deformation and consequently the formation of a vortex in an attractive system depends on the strengths of the two-body interaction and the quartic potential.},
	Author = {Ghosh, T. K.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:02:23 +0000},
	Journal = {Physical Review A},
	Keywords = {collective excitations feshbach resonances ground-state gas nucleation bosons traps},
	Number = {4},
	Title = {Vortex formation in a fast rotating Bose-Einstein condensate},
	Volume = {69},
	Year = {2004},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {%3CGo%20to%20ISI%3E://WOS:000221276400104}}

@article{AO:Greentree_pra_2004,
	Abstract = {We describe a scheme for using an all-electrical, rapid, adiabatic population transfer between two spatially separated dots in a triple-quantum dot system. The electron spends no time in the middle dot and does not change its energy during the transfer process. Although a coherent population transfer method, this scheme may well prove useful in incoherent electronic computation (for example quantum-dot cellular automata) where it may provide a coherent advantage to an otherwise incoherent device. It can also be thought of as a limiting case of type II quantum computing, where sufficient coherence exists for a single gate operation, but not for the preservation of superpositions after the operation. We extend our analysis to the case of many intervening dots and address the issue of transporting quantum information through a multi-dot system.},
	Author = {Greentree, Andrew D. and Cole, Jared H. and Hamilton, A. R. and Hollenberg, Lloyd C. L.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:26:17 +0000},
	Journal = {Physical Review B},
	Number = {23},
	Title = {Coherent electronic transfer in quantum dot systems using adiabatic passage},
	Volume = {70},
	Year = {2004},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevB.70.235317%20files/208/e235317.html%20http://prb.aps.org/abstract/PRB/v70/i23/e235317}}

@article{BEC:Hadzibabic_prl_2004,
	Abstract = {We have observed high-contrast matter wave interference between 30 Bose-Einstein condensates with uncorrelated phases. Interferences were observed after the independent condensates were released from a one-dimensional optical lattice and allowed to overlap. This phenomenon is explained with a simple theoretical model, which generalizes the analysis of the interference of two condensates.},
	Author = {Hadzibabic, Z. and Stock, S. and Battelier, B. and Bretin, V. and Dalibard, J.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:02:24 +0000},
	Journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	Keywords = {optical lattices ultracold atoms quantum phase transition gases},
	Number = {18},
	Title = {Interference of an array of independent Bose-Einstein condensates},
	Volume = {93},
	Year = {2004},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {%3CGo%20to%20ISI%3E://WOS:000224799500003}}

@article{VTX:Kawaguchi_pra_2004_2,
	Abstract = {Topological phase imprinting is a unique technique for vortex formation in a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) of an alkali-metal gas, in that it does not involve rotation: the BEC is trapped in a quadrupole field with a uniform bias field which is reversed adiabatically leading to vortex formation at the center of the magnetic trap. The scenario has been experimentally verified by Leanhardt et al. employing Na-23 atoms. Recently similar experiments have been conducted by Hirotani et al. in which a BEC of Rb-87 atoms was used. In the latter experiments the authors found that fine-tuning of the field reverse time T-rev is required to achieve stable vortex formation. Otherwise, they often observed vortex fragmentation or a condensate without a vortex. It is shown in this paper that this behavior can be attributed to the heavy mass of the Rb atom. The confining potential, which depends on the eigenvalue m(B) of the hyperfine spin F along the magnetic field, is now shifted by the gravitational field perpendicular to the vortex line. Then the positions of two weak-field-seeking states with m(B)=1 and 2 deviate from each other. This effect is more prominent for BECs with a heavy atomic mass, for which the deviation is greater and, moreover, the Thomas-Fermi radius is smaller. We found, by solving the Gross-Pitaevskii equation numerically, that two condensates interact in a very complicated way leading to fragmentation of vortices, unless T-rev is properly tuned.},
	Author = {Kawaguchi, Y. and Nakahara, M. and Ohmi, T.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:02:40 +0000},
	Journal = {Physical Review A},
	Keywords = {vortices},
	Number = {4},
	Title = {Topological vortex formation in a Bose-Einstein condensate under gravitational field},
	Volume = {70},
	Year = {2004},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {%3CGo%20to%20ISI%3E://WOS:000225322500082}}

@article{VTX:Kawaguchi_pra_2004,
	Abstract = {We consider the splitting mechanism of a multiply charged vortex into singly charged vortices in a Bose-Einstein condensate confined in a harmonic potential at zero temperature. The Bogoliubov equations support unstable modes with complex eigenfrequencies (CE modes), which cause the splitting instability without the influence of thermal atoms. The investigation of the excitation spectra shows that the negative-energy (NE) mode plays an important role in the appearance of the CE modes. The configuration of vortices in splitting is determined by the angular momentum of the associated NE mode. This structure has also been confirmed by the numerical simulation of the time-dependent Gross-Pitaevskii equation.},
	Author = {Kawaguchi, Y. and Ohmi, T.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:02:40 +0000},
	Journal = {Physical Review A},
	Keywords = {stability vortices states},
	Number = {4},
	Title = {Splitting instability of a multiply charged vortex in a Bose-Einstein condensate},
	Volume = {70},
	Year = {2004},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {%3CGo%20to%20ISI%3E://WOS:000225322500087}}

@article{CT:Kells_pre_2004,
	Abstract = {We propose an efficient procedure for numerically evolving the quantum dynamics of delta-kicked harmonic oscillator. The method allows for longer and more accurate simulations of the system as well as a simple procedure for calculating the system's Floquet eigenstates and quasienergies. The method is used to examine the dynamical behavior of the system in cases where the ratio of the kicking frequency to the system's natural frequency is both rational and irrational.},
	Author = {Kells, G. A. and Twamley, J. and Heffernan, D. M.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:02:40 +0000},
	Journal = {Physical Review E},
	Keywords = {fourier-transform stochastic webs quantum chaos diffusion},
	Number = {1},
	Title = {Dynamical properties of the delta-kicked harmonic oscillator},
	Volume = {70},
	Year = {2004},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {%3CGo%20to%20ISI%3E://WOS:000223135800007}}

@article{BK:Kibble_2004,
	Author = {Kibble, T. and Berkshire, F.},
	Journal = {Imperial College Press},
	Title = {Classical Mechanics, 5e},
	Year = {2004}}

@article{OL:Kinoshita_sci_2004,
	Abstract = {We report the observation of a one-dimensional (1D) Tonks-Girardeau (TG) gas of bosons moving freely in 1D. Although TG gas bosons are strongly interacting, they behave very much like noninteracting fermions. We enter the TG regime with cold rubidium-87 atoms by trapping them with a combination of two light traps. By changing the trap intensities, and hence the atomic interaction strength, the atoms can be made to act either like a Bose-Einstein condensate or like a TG gas. We measure the total 1 D energy and the length of the gas. With no free parameters and over a wide range of coupling strengths, our data fit the exact solution for the ground state of a 1 D Bose gas.},
	Author = {Kinoshita, T. and Wenger, T. and Weiss, D. S.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:01:39 +0000},
	Journal = {Science},
	Keywords = {impenetrable bosons optical lattices ultracold atoms phase},
	Number = {5687},
	Pages = {1125-1128},
	Title = {Observation of a one-dimensional Tonks-Girardeau gas},
	Volume = {305},
	Year = {2004},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {%3CGo%20to%20ISI%3E://WOS:000223557400038%20http://www.sciencemag.org/content/305/5687/1125.full.pdf}}

@article{OL:Menotti_pra_204,
	Abstract = {We study the propagation of sound waves in a Bose-Einstein condensate trapped in a one-dimensional optical lattice. We find that the velocity of the propagation of sound wave packets decreases with increasing optical lattice depth, as predicted by the Bogoliubov theory. The strong interplay between nonlinearities and the periodicity of the external potential generates phenomena that are not present in the uniform case. Shock waves, for instance, can propagate slower than sound waves, due to the negative curvature of the dispersion relation. Moreover, nonlinear corrections to the Bogoliubov theory appear to be important even with very small density perturbations, inducing a saturation of the amplitude of the sound signal.},
	Author = {Menotti, C. and Kramer, M. and Smerzi, A. and Pitaevskii, L. and Stringari, S.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:02:45 +0000},
	Journal = {Physical Review A},
	Keywords = {atoms superfluid excitations dynamics traps gas},
	Number = {2},
	Title = {Propagation of sound in a Bose-Einstein condensate in an optical lattice},
	Volume = {70},
	Year = {2004},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {%3CGo%20to%20ISI%3E://WOS:000223717400109}}

@article{Vtx:Oktel_pra_2004,
	Abstract = {We study the vortex lattices in a Bose-Einstein condensate in a rotating anisotropic harmonic trap. We first investigate the single-particle wave functions obtained by the exact solution of the problem and give simple expressions for these wave functions in the small anisotropy limit. Depending on the strength of the interactions, a few or a large number of vortices can be formed. In the limit of many vortices, we calculate the density profile of the cloud and show that the vortex lattice stays triangular. We also find that the vortex lattice planes align themselves with the weak axis of the external potential. For a small number of vortices, we numerically solve the Gross-Pitaevskii equation and find vortex configurations that are very different from the vortex configurations in an axisymmetric rotating trap.},
	Author = {Oktel, M. O.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:02:48 +0000},
	Journal = {Physical Review A},
	Number = {2},
	Title = {Vortex lattice of a Bose-Einstein condensate in a rotating anisotropic trap},
	Volume = {69},
	Year = {2004},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {%3CGo%20to%20ISI%3E://WOS:000189386300109%20http://pra.aps.org/abstract/PRA/v69/i2/e023618}}

@phdthesis{THS:Parker_2004,
	Author = {Parker, N.},
	School = {University of Durham},
	Title = {Numerical Studies of Vortices and Dark Solitons in Atomic Bose-Einstein Condensates},
	Year = {2004}}

@article{OL:Reijnders_prl_2004,
	Abstract = {We consider the ground state of vortices in a Bose-Einstein condensate. We show that turning on a weak optical periodic potential leads to a transition from the triangular Abrikosov vortex lattice to phases where the vortices are pinned by the optical potential. We discuss the phase diagram of the system for a two-dimensional optical periodic potential with one vortex per optical lattice cell. We also discuss the influence of a one-dimensional optical periodic potential on the vortex ground state. The latter situation has no analog in other condensed-matter systems.},
	Author = {Reijnders, J. W. and Duine, R. A.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:02:50 +0000},
	Journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	Keywords = {vortex lattices regular array superconductors superfluid line transition insulator films atoms},
	Number = {6},
	Title = {Pinning of vortices in a Bose-Einstein condensate by an optical lattice},
	Volume = {93},
	Year = {2004},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {%3CGo%20to%20ISI%3E://WOS:000223138200001}}

@article{BEC:Rosenbusch_laserphys_2004,
	Abstract = {We study experimentally the line of a single quantized vortex in a rotating prolate Bose-Einstein condensate of Rb atoms confined by a harmonic potential. Exciting the two transverse quadrupole modes of the single vortex condensate, we show that the counterrotating mode is more strongly damped than in the absence of a vortex, whereas the corotating mode is not affected appreciably by the vortex. We interpret this result as a decay of the counterrotating quadrupole mode into two excitations of the vortex line, the so-called Kelvin modes. This is supported by direct observation of the vortex line.},
	Author = {Rosenbusch, P. and Bretin, V. and Chevy, F. and Shlyapnikov, G. V. and Dalibard, J.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:02:50 +0000},
	Journal = {Laser Physics},
	Keywords = {collective excitations vortices states traps gas},
	Number = {4},
	Pages = {545-550},
	Title = {Evidence for Kelvin modes in a single vortex Bose-Einstein condensate},
	Volume = {14},
	Year = {2004},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {%3CGo%20to%20ISI%3E://WOS:000221216700019}}

@article{Vtx:Schweikhard_prl_2004,
	Author = {Schweikhard, V. and Coddington, I. and Engels, P. and Mogendorff, V. P. and Cornell, E. A.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:08:38 +0000},
	Journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	Number = {4},
	Pages = {040404},
	Title = {Rapidly Rotating Bose-Einstein Condensates in and near the Lowest Landau Level},
	Volume = {92},
	Year = {2004},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.040404}}

@article{Vtx:Sheey_pra_2004,
	Abstract = {We study vortices in a radially inhomogeneous superfluid, as realized by a trapped degenerate Bose gas in a uniaxially symmetric potential. We show that, in contrast to a homogeneous superfluid, an off-axis vortex corresponds to an anisotropic superflow whose profile strongly depends on the distance to the trap axis. One consequence of this superflow anisotropy is vortex precession about the trap axis in the absence of an imposed rotation. In the complementary regime of a finite prescribed rotation, we compute the minimum-energy vortex density, showing that in the rapid-rotation limit it is extremely uniform, despite a strongly inhomogeneous (nearly) Thomas-Fermi condensate density rho(s)(r). The weak radially dependent contribution [proportional todel(2) ln rho(s)(r)] to the vortex distribution, that vanishes with the number of vortices N-v as 1/N-v, arises from the interplay between vortex quantum discreteness (namely their inability to faithfully support the imposed rigid-body rotation) and the inhomogeneous superfluid density. This leads to an enhancement of the vortex density at the center of a typical concave trap, a prediction that is in quantitative agreement with recent experiments. One striking consequence of the inhomogeneous vortex distribution is an azimuthally directed, radially shearing superflow.},
	Author = {Sheehy, D. E. and Radzihovsky, L.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:02:51 +0000},
	Journal = {Physical Review A},
	Keywords = {bose-einstein condensate vortex},
	Number = {6},
	Title = {Vortices in spatially inhomogeneous superfluids},
	Volume = {70},
	Year = {2004},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {%3CGo%20to%20ISI%3E://WOS:000226418900118}}

@article{Vtx:Sheey_pra_2004_2,
	Abstract = {A trapped degenerate Bose gas exhibits superfluidity with spatially nonuniform superfluid density. We show that the vortex distribution in such a highly inhomogeneous rotating superfluid is nevertheless nearly uniform. The inhomogeneity in vortex density, which diminishes in the rapid-rotation limit, is driven by the discrete way vortices impart angular momentum to the superfluid. This effect favors the highest vortex density in regions where the superfluid density is most uniform (e.g., the center of a harmonically trapped gas). A striking consequence of this is that the boson velocity deviates from a rigid-body form exhibiting a radial-shear flow past the vortex lattice.},
	Author = {Sheehy, D. E. and Radzihovsky, L.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:02:52 +0000},
	Journal = {Physical Review A},
	Keywords = {bose-einstein condensate},
	Number = {5},
	Title = {Vortex lattice inhomogeneity in spatially inhomogeneous superfluids},
	Volume = {70},
	Year = {2004},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {%3CGo%20to%20ISI%3E://WOS:000225479000010}}

@article{BEC:Stock_europhyslett_2004,
	Abstract = {We present a theoretical and experimental analysis of the transverse monopole mode of a fast rotating Bose-Einstein condensate. The condensate's rotation frequency is similar to the trapping frequency and the effective confinement is only ensured by a weak quartic potential. We show that the non-harmonic character of the potential has a clear influence on the mode frequency, thus making the monopole mode a precise tool for the investigation of the fast-rotation regime.},
	Author = {Stock, S. and Bretin, V. and Chevy, F. and Dalibard, J.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:02:54 +0000},
	Journal = {Europhysics Letters},
	Number = {5},
	Pages = {594-600},
	Title = {Shape oscillation of a rotating Bose-Einstein condensate},
	Volume = {65},
	Year = {2004},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {%3CGo%20to%20ISI%3E://WOS:000225736900002}}

@article{Vtx:Watanabe_prl_2004,
	Abstract = {We show that, within mean-field theory, the density profile of a rapidly rotating harmonically trapped Bose-Einstein condensate is of the Thomas-Fermi form as long as the number of vortices is much larger than unity. Two forms of the condensate wave function are explored: (i) the lowest Landau level (LLL) wave function with a regular lattice of vortices multiplied by a slowly varying envelope function, which gives rise to components in higher Landau levels; (ii) the LLL wave function with a nonuniform vortex lattice. From variational calculations, we find it most favorable energetically to retain the LLL form of the wave function but to allow the vortices to deviate slightly from a regular lattice. The predicted distortions of the lattice are small, but in accord with recent measurements at lower rates of rotation.},
	Author = {Watanabe, G. and Baym, G. and Pethick, C. J.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:02:56 +0000},
	Journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	Number = {19},
	Title = {Landau levels and the Thomas-Fermi structure of rapidly rotating Bose-Einstein condensates},
	Volume = {93},
	Year = {2004},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {%3CGo%20to%20ISI%3E://WOS:000224924900001}}

@article{Vtx:Zhai_pra_2004,
	Abstract = {In this paper we systematically study the double-layer vortex lattice model, which is proposed to illustrate the interplay between the physics of a fast rotating Bose-Einstein condensate and the macroscopic quantum tunneling. The phase diagram of the system is obtained. We find that under certain conditions the system will exhibit a phase transition which is a consequence of the competition between interlayer coherent hopping and the interlayer density-density interaction. In one phase the vortices in one layer coincide with those in the other layer. In another phase two sets of vortex lattices are staggered, and as a result the quantum tunneling between two layers is suppressed. To obtain the phase diagram we use the quantum Hall mean field and Thomas-Fermi mean field theories. Two different criteria for the transition taking place are obtained, which reveals some fundamental differences between these two mean-field states. The sliding mode excitation is also discussed.},
	Author = {Zhai, H. and Zhou, Q. and Lu, R. and Chang, L.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:02:59 +0000},
	Journal = {Physical Review A},
	Number = {6},
	Title = {Double-layer Bose-Einstein condensates with a large number of vortices},
	Volume = {69},
	Year = {2004},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {%3CGo%20to%20ISI%3E://WOS:000222471400096}}

@article{Vtx:Aftalion_pra_2005,
	Abstract = {For a fast rotating condensate in a harmonic trap, we investigate the structure of the vortex lattice using wave functions minimizing the Gross-Pitaevskii energy in the lowest Landau level. We find that the minimizer of the energy in the rotating frame has a distorted vortex lattice for which we plot the typical distribution. We compute analytically the energy of an infinite regular lattice and of a class of distorted lattices. We find the optimal distortion and relate it to the decay of the wave function. Finally, we generalize our method to other trapping potentials.},
	Author = {Aftalion, A. and Blanc, X. and Dalibard, J.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:02:10 +0000},
	Journal = {Physical Review A},
	Number = {2},
	Title = {Vortex patterns in a fast rotating Bose-Einstein condensate},
	Volume = {71},
	Year = {2005},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {%3CGo%20to%20ISI%3E://WOS:000227483900097}}

@article{Vtx:Danaila_pra_2005,
	Abstract = {We address the challenging proposition of using real experimental parameters in a three-dimensional (3D) numerical simulation of fast rotating Bose-Einstein condensates. We simulate recent experiments [ V. Bretin, S. Stock, Y. Seurin and J. Dalibard Phys. Rev. Lett. 92 050403 (2004); S. Stock, V. Bretin, S. Stock, F. Chevy and J. Dalibard Europhys. Lett. 65 594 (2004)] using an anharmonic (quadratic-plus-quartic) confining potential to reach rotation frequencies (Ω) above the trap frequency (ω⊥). Our numerical results are obtained by propagating the 3D Gross-Pitaevskii equation in imaginary time. For Ω⩽ω⊥, we obtain an equilibrium vortex lattice similar (as the size and number of vortices) to experimental observations. For Ω>ω⊥ we observe the evolution of the vortex lattice into an array of vortices with a central hole. Since this evolution was not visible in experiments, we investigate the 3D structure of vortex configurations and 3D effects on vortex contrast. Numerical data are also compared to recent theory [ D. E. Sheehy and L. Radzihovsky Phys. Rev. A 70 063620 (2004)] describing vortex lattice inhomogeneities and a remarkably good agreement is found.},
	Author = {Danaila, Ionut},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:25:51 +0000},
	Journal = {Physical Review A},
	Number = {1},
	Title = {Three-dimensional vortex structure of a fast rotating Bose-Einstein condensate with harmonic-plus-quartic confinement},
	Volume = {72},
	Year = {2005},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevA.72.013605%20files/98/e013605.html%20http://pra.aps.org/abstract/PRA/v72/i1/e013605}}

@article{BEC:Fallani_optexp_2005,
	Abstract = {In this Letter we report the investigation of transport and static properties of a Bose-Einstein condensate in a large-spaced optical lattice. The lattice spacing can be easily tuned starting from few micrometers by adjusting the relative angle of two partially reflective mirrors. We have performed in-situ imaging of the atoms trapped in the potential wells of a 20 mu m spaced lattice. For a lattice spacing of 10 mu m we have studied the transport properties of the system and the interference pattern after expansion, evidencing quite different results with respect to the physics of BECs in ordinary near-infrared standing wave lattices, owing to the different length and energy scales. (C) 2005 Optical Society of America.},
	Author = {Fallani, L. and Fort, C. and Lye, J. E. and Inguscio, M.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:02:21 +0000},
	Journal = {Optics Express},
	Keywords = {controlled collisions atoms entanglement interference transition arrays},
	Number = {11},
	Pages = {4303-4313},
	Title = {Bose-Einstein condensate in an optical lattice with tunable spacing: transport and static properties},
	Volume = {13},
	Year = {2005},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {%3CGo%20to%20ISI%3E://WOS:000229534500047}}

@article{Vtx:Fetter_pra_2005,
	Abstract = {A two-dimensional rapidly rotating Bose-Einstein condensate in an anharmonic trap with quadratic and quartic radial confinement is studied analytically with the Thomas-Fermi approximation and numerically with the full time-independent Gross-Pitaevskii equation. The quartic trap potential allows the rotation speed Omega to exceed the radial harmonic frequency omega(perpendicular to). In the regime Omega greater than or similar to omega(perpendicular to), the condensate contains a dense vortex array (approximated as solid-body rotation for the analytical studies). At a critical angular velocity Omega(h), a central hole appears in the condensate. Numerical studies confirm the predicted value Of Omega(h), even for interaction parameters that are not in the Thomas-Fermi limit. The behavior is also investigated at larger angular velocities, where the system is expected to undergo a transition to a giant vortex (with pure irrotational flow).},
	Author = {Fetter, A. L. and Jackson, B. and Stringari, S.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:02:22 +0000},
	Journal = {Physical Review A},
	Keywords = {vortices annulus},
	Number = {1},
	Title = {Rapid rotation of a Bose-Einstein condensate in a harmonic plus quartic trap},
	Volume = {71},
	Year = {2005},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {%3CGo%20to%20ISI%3E://WOS:000227283300126}}

@book{BK:Foot_2005,
	Address = {Oxford ; New York},
	Author = {Foot, C. J.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:09:21 +0000},
	Keywords = {Atoms. Nuclear physics.},
	Publisher = {Oxford University Press},
	Series = {Oxford master series in physics},
	Title = {Atomic physics},
	Year = {2005},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {Publisher%20description%20http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0627/2005295406-d.html%20Table%20of%20contents%20only%20http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0639/2005295406-t.html}}

@phdthesis{THS:Kells_2005,
	Author = {Kells, G. A.},
	School = {NUI Maynooth},
	Title = {Quantum chaos in the delta kicked harmonic oscillator},
	Type = {Thesis},
	Year = {2005}}

@article{VTX:Kobayashi_prl_2005,
	Abstract = {The energy spectrum of superfluid turbulence is studied numerically by solving the Gross-Pitaevskii equation. We introduce the dissipation term which works only in the scale smaller than the healing length to remove short wavelength excitations which may hinder the cascade process of quantized vortices in the inertial range. The obtained energy spectrum is consistent with the Kolmogorov law.},
	Author = {Kobayashi, M. and Tsubota, M.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:02:40 +0000},
	Journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	Keywords = {liquid helium-ii 3-dimensional vortex dynamics mutual friction heat current reconnection emission he-4},
	Number = {6},
	Title = {Kolmogorov spectrum of superfluid turbulence: Numerical analysis of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation with a small-scale dissipation},
	Volume = {94},
	Year = {2005},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {%3CGo%20to%20ISI%3E://WOS:000227140400034}}

@article{AO:Lahaye_pra_2005,
	Abstract = {We report on our recent progress in the manipulation and cooling of a magnetically guided, high-flux beam of Rb-87 atoms. Typically, 7x10(9) atoms per second propagate in a magnetic guide providing a transverse gradient of 800 G/cm, with a temperature similar to 550 mu K, at an initial velocity of 90 cm/s. The atoms are subsequently slowed down to similar to 60 cm/s using an upward slope. The relatively high collision rate (5 s(-1)) allows us to start forced evaporative cooling of the beam, leading to a reduction of the beam temperature by a factor of 4, and a tenfold increase of the on-axis phase-space density.},
	Author = {Lahaye, T. and Wang, Z. and Reinaudi, G. and Rath, S. P. and Dalibard, J. and Guery-Odelin, D.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:02:41 +0000},
	Journal = {Physical Review A},
	Keywords = {einstein condensed atoms output coupler magnetic guide neutral atoms cold atoms laser trap gas},
	Number = {3},
	Title = {Evaporative cooling of a guided rubidium atomic beam},
	Volume = {72},
	Year = {2005},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {%3CGo%20to%20ISI%3E://WOS:000232228300122}}

@article{AO:Fewell_optcom_2005,
	Abstract = {The rotating-wave approximation (RWA) is a formalism of great utility in the description of the coherent excitation of atoms and molecules by laser light. Not only does it give results in agreement with experiment, it also provides a simple framework allowing the Hamiltonian of a system to be written down from inspection of the state-linkage diagram. Recent interest in systems with a two-photon coupling prompted an investigation of the structure of two-photon terms in RWA Hamiltonians. In carrying through the derivation, an interaction with adiabatic elimination was discovered. It is shown that adiabatic elimination must be performed before application of the RWA, else terms are dropped that ought to be retained. RWA Hamiltonians for three-state systems with one and two two-photon linkages are displayed.},
	Author = {M.P, Fewell},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:10:06 +0000},
	Journal = {Optics Communications},
	Keywords = {Adiabatic elimination Rotating-wave approximation Two-photon transitions},
	Number = {1-3},
	Pages = {125-137},
	Title = {Adiabatic elimination, the rotating-wave approximation and two-photon transitions},
	Volume = {253},
	Year = {2005},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0030401805003962%20files/119/S0030401805003962.html%20http://ac.els-cdn.com/S0030401805003962/1-s2.0-S0030401805003962-main.pdf?_tid=0cb802a6-3a19-11e3-9617-00000aacb362&acdnat=1382336681_eae264481df09862ce52452f69aea17d}}

@phdthesis{CT:McCaw_thesis_2005,
	Author = {McCaw, J.M.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:26:29 +0000},
	School = {University of Melbourne},
	Title = {Quantum Chaos: Spectral Analysis of Floquet Operators},
	Type = {PhD Thesis},
	Year = {2005},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://arxiv.org/abs/math-ph/0503032}}

@article{CT:Parker_prl_2005,
	Author = {Parker, N. and Adams, C.},
	Journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	Number = {14},
	Title = {Emergence and Decay of Turbulence in Stirred Atomic Bose-Einstein Condensates},
	Volume = {95},
	Year = {2005}}

@article{Vtx:Pu_prl_2005,
	Abstract = {We consider the vortex structure of a rapidly rotating trapped atomic Bose-Einstein condensate in the presence of a corotating periodic optical lattice potential. We observe a rich variety of structural phases which reflect the interplay of the vortex-vortex and vortex-lattice interactions. The lattice structure is very sensitive to the ratio of vortices to pinning sites and we observe structural phase transitions and domain formation as this ratio is varied.},
	Author = {Pu, H. and Baksmaty, L. O. and Yi, S. and Bigelow, N. P.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:02:49 +0000},
	Journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	Keywords = {bose-einstein condensate superconductors commensurate superfluid insulator arrays atoms gas},
	Number = {19},
	Title = {Structural phase transitions of vortex matter in an optical lattice},
	Volume = {94},
	Year = {2005},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {%3CGo%20to%20ISI%3E://WOS:000229277000001}}

@article{Vtx:Lotero_pra_2005,
	Abstract = {We investigate a nonaxisymmetric rotating Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) in the limit of rotation frequency for which the BEC transforms into a quasi-one-dimensional system. We compute the vortex lattice wave function by minimizing the Gross-Pitaevskii energy functional in the lowest Landau level approximation for different confinement potentials. The condensate typically presents a changing number of vortex rows as a function of the interaction strength or rotation-confinement ratio. More specifically, the vortex lattices can be classified into two classes according to their symmetry with respect to the longitudinal axis. These two classes correspond to different local minima of the energy functional and evolve independently as a function of the various parameters.},
	Author = {Sanchez-Lotero, P. and Palacios, J. J.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:02:51 +0000},
	Journal = {Physical Review A},
	Keywords = {superconducting mesoscopic disks vortex lattices},
	Number = {4},
	Title = {Vortices in a rotating Bose-Einstein condensate under extreme elongation},
	Volume = {72},
	Year = {2005},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {%3CGo%20to%20ISI%3E://WOS:000232931800126}}

@article{NUM:Schollwock_rmp_2005,
	Abstract = {The density-matrix renormalization group (DMRG) is a numerical algorithm for the efficient truncation of the Hilbert space of low-dimensional strongly correlated quantum systems based on a rather general decimation prescription. This algorithm has achieved unprecedented precision in the description of one-dimensional quantum systems. It has therefore quickly become the method of choice for numerical studies of such systems. Its applications to the calculation of static, dynamic, and thermodynamic quantities in these systems are reviewed here. The potential of DMRG applications in the fields of two-dimensional quantum systems, quantum chemistry, three-dimensional small grains, nuclear physics, equilibrium and nonequilibrium statistical physics, and time-dependent phenomena is also discussed. This review additionally considers the theoretical foundations of the method, examining its relationship to matrix-product states and the quantum information content of the density matrices generated by the DMRG.},
	Author = {Schollwock, U.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:02:51 +0000},
	Journal = {Reviews of Modern Physics},
	Keywords = {quantum spin chain t-j model antiferromagnetic heisenberg chain kondo-lattice model state phase-diagram dimensional hubbard-model metal-insulator-transition full configuration-interaction nearest-neighbor interactions haldane-gap antiferromagnets},
	Number = {1},
	Pages = {259-315},
	Title = {The density-matrix renormalization group},
	Volume = {77},
	Year = {2005},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {%3CGo%20to%20ISI%3E://WOS:000229544100006}}

@article{AO:Schumm_natphys_2005,
	Author = {Schumm, T. and Hofferberth, S. and Andersson, L. M. and Wildermuth, S. and Groth, S. and Bar-Joseph, I. and Schmiedmayer, J. and Kruger, P.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:09:59 +0000},
	Journal = {Nat Phys},
	Number = {1},
	Pages = {57-62},
	Title = {Matter-wave interferometry in a double well on an atom chip},
	Volume = {1},
	Year = {2005},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nphys125%20http://www.nature.com/nphys/journal/v1/n1/pdf/nphys125.pdf}}

@article{Vtx:Sinha_prl_2005,
	Abstract = {We show that a Bose-condensed gas, under extreme rotation in a 2D anisotropic trap, forms a novel elongated quantum fluid which has a roton-maxon excitation spectrum. For a sufficiently large interaction strength, the roton energy reaches zero and the system undergoes a second order quantum transition to the state with a periodic structure-rows of vortices. The number of rows increases with the interaction, and the vortices eventually form a triangular Abrikosov lattice.},
	Author = {Sinha, S. and Shlyapnikov, G. V.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:02:53 +0000},
	Journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	Keywords = {vortex lattices trapped gases},
	Number = {15},
	Title = {Two-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensate under extreme rotation},
	Volume = {94},
	Year = {2005},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {%3CGo%20to%20ISI%3E://WOS:000228632500002%20http://prl.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v94/i15/e150401}}

@article{OL:Sorensen_prl_2005,
	Abstract = {We describe a method to create fractional quantum Hall states of atoms confined in optical lattices. We show that the dynamics of the atoms in the lattice is analogous to the motion of a charged particle in a magnetic field if an oscillating quadrupole potential is applied together with a periodic modulation of the tunneling between lattice sites. In a suitable parameter regime the ground state in the lattice is of the fractional quantum Hall type, and we show how these states can be reached by melting a Mott-insulator state in a superlattice potential. Finally, we discuss techniques to observe these strongly correlated states.},
	Author = {Sorensen, A. S. and Demler, E. and Lukin, M. D.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:02:53 +0000},
	Journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	Keywords = {magnetic-fields wave-functions landau-level condensation electrons excitations hierarchy insulator fluid gas},
	Number = {8},
	Title = {Fractional quantum hall states of atoms in optical lattices},
	Volume = {94},
	Year = {2005},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {%3CGo%20to%20ISI%3E://WOS:000227386000050%20http://prl.aps.org/pdf/PRL/v94/i8/e086803}}

@article{BEC:Stock_lpl_2004,
	Abstract = {In this short review we present our recent results concerning the rotation of atomic Bose-Einstein condensates confined in quadratic or quartic potentials, and give an overview of the field. We first describe the procedure used to set an atomic gas in rotation and briefly discuss the physics of condensates containing a single vortex line. We then address the regime of fast rotation in harmonic traps, where the rotation frequency is close to the trapping frequency. In this limit the Landau Level formalism is well suited to describe the system. The problem of the condensation temperature of a fast rotating gas is discussed, as well as the equilibrium shape of the cloud and the structure of the vortex lattice. Finally we review results obtained with a quadratic + quartic potential, which allows to study a regime where the rotation frequency is equal to or larger than the harmonic trapping frequency.},
	Author = {Stock, S. and Battelier, B. and Bretin, V. and Hadzibabic, Z. and Dalibard, J.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:02:54 +0000},
	Journal = {Laser Physics Letters},
	Keywords = {bec vortices lowest landau level rotation gas quantized vortices vortex formation nobel lecture gas dynamics traps},
	Number = {6},
	Pages = {275-284},
	Title = {Bose-Einstein condensates in fast rotation},
	Volume = {2},
	Year = {2005},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {%3CGo%20to%20ISI%3E://WOS:000229764200001}}

@article{BEC:Stock_laserphyslett_2005,
	Abstract = {In this short review we present our recent results concerning the rotation of atomic Bose-Einstein condensates confined in quadratic or quartic potentials, and give an overview of the field. We first describe the procedure used to set an atomic gas in rotation and briefly discuss the physics of condensates containing a single vortex line. We then address the regime of fast rotation in harmonic traps, where the rotation frequency is close to the trapping frequency. In this limit the Landau Level formalism is well suited to describe the system. The problem of the condensation temperature of a fast rotating gas is discussed, as well as the equilibrium shape of the cloud and the structure of the vortex lattice. Finally we review results obtained with a quadratic + quartic potential, which allows to study a regime where the rotation frequency is equal to or larger than the harmonic trapping frequency.},
	Author = {Stock, S. and Battelier, B. and V, Bretin and Hadzibabic, Z. and Dalibard, J.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:02:54 +0000},
	Journal = {Laser Physics Letters},
	Keywords = {bec vortices lowest landau level rotation gas quantized vortices vortex formation nobel lecture gas dynamics traps},
	Number = {6},
	Pages = {275-284},
	Title = {Bose-Einstein condensates in fast rotation},
	Volume = {2},
	Year = {2005},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {%3CGo%20to%20ISI%3E://WOS:000229764200001}}

@article{BEC:Stock_prl_2005,
	Abstract = {We have observed phase defects in quasi-2D Bose-Einstein condensates close to the condensation temperature. Either a single or several equally spaced condensates are produced by selectively evaporating the sites of a 1D optical lattice. When several clouds are released from the lattice and allowed to overlap, dislocation lines in the interference patterns reveal nontrivial phase defects.},
	Author = {Stock, S. and Hadzibabic, Z. and Battelier, B. and Cheneau, M. and Dalibard, J.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:02:54 +0000},
	Journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	Keywords = {tonks-girardeau gas optical lattice ultracold atoms interference transition superfluid vortex traps},
	Number = {19},
	Title = {Observation of phase defects in quasi-two-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensates},
	Volume = {95},
	Year = {2005},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {%3CGo%20to%20ISI%3E://WOS:000233062900003}}

@article{Num:Transtrum_jmathphys_2005,
	Abstract = {We derive an expression for the commutator of functions of operators with constant commutations relations in terms of the partial derivatives of these functions. This result extends the well-known commutation relation between one operator and a function of another operator. We discuss the range of applicability of the formula with examples in quantum mechanics. (C) 2005 American Institute of Physics.},
	Author = {Transtrum, M. K. and Van Huele, J. F. S.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:02:55 +0000},
	Journal = {Journal of Mathematical Physics},
	Number = {6},
	Title = {Commutation relations for functions of operators},
	Volume = {46},
	Year = {2005},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {%3CGo%20to%20ISI%3E://WOS:000229749100047}}

@article{BEC:Bao_jcompphys_2006,
	Abstract = {In this paper, we propose an efficient and spectrally accurate numerical method for computing the dynamics of rotating Bose--Einstein condensates (BEC) in two dimensions (2D) and 3D based on the Gross--Pitaevskii equation (GPE) with an angular momentum rotation term. By applying a time-splitting technique for decoupling the nonlinearity and properly using the alternating direction implicit (ADI) technique for the coupling in the angular momentum rotation term in the GPE, at every time step, the GPE in rotational frame is decoupled into a nonlinear ordinary differential equation (ODE) and two partial differential equations with constant coefficients. This allows us to develop new time-splitting spectral methods for computing the dynamics of BEC in a rotational frame. The new numerical method is explicit, unconditionally stable, and of spectral accuracy in space and second-order accuracy in time. Moreover, it is time reversible and time transverse invariant, and conserves the position density in the discretized level if the GPE does. Extensive numerical results are presented to confirm the above properties of the new numerical method for rotating BEC in 2D and 3D.},
	Author = {Bao, Weizhu and Wang, Hanquan},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:10:18 +0000},
	Journal = {Journal of Computational Physics},
	Keywords = {Angular momentum rotation Gross--Pitaevskii equation Rotating Bose--Einstein condensates Time spitting},
	Number = {2},
	Pages = {612-626},
	Title = {An efficient and spectrally accurate numerical method for computing dynamics of rotating Bose--Einstein condensates},
	Volume = {217},
	Year = {2006},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0021999106000258%20files/254/S0021999106000258.html%20http://ac.els-cdn.com/S0021999106000258/1-s2.0-S0021999106000258-main.pdf?_tid=7127f2ec-3a18-11e3-aa06-00000aacb362&acdnat=1382336420_d1390a5a3d9b290482bc07759e9d76c4}}

@article{AO:Brink_pra_2006,
	Abstract = {Atoms confined in a magnetic trap can escape by making spin-flip Majorana transitions due to a breakdown of the adiabatic approximation. Several papers have studied this process for atoms with spin F=1/2 or 1. The present paper calculates the escape rate for atoms with spin F > 1. This problem has new features because the perturbation Delta T that allows atoms to escape satisfies a selection rule Delta F-z=0,+/- 1,+/- 2 and multistep processes contribute in leading order. When the adiabatic approximation is satisfied, the leading-order terms can be summed to yield a simple expression for the escape rate.},
	Author = {Brink, D. M. and Sukumar, C. V.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:02:15 +0000},
	Journal = {Physical Review A},
	Keywords = {cold atoms surfaces},
	Number = {3},
	Title = {Majorana spin-flip transitions in a magnetic trap},
	Volume = {74},
	Year = {2006},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {%3CGo%20to%20ISI%3E://WOS:000241067100156}}

@article{Vtx:Castin_prl_2006,
	Abstract = {We propose a physical system allowing one to experimentally observe the distribution of the complex zeros of a random polynomial. We consider a degenerate, rotating, quasi-ideal atomic Bose gas prepared in the lowest Landau level. Thermal fluctuations provide the randomness of the bosonic field and of the locations of the vortex cores. These vortices can be mapped to zeros of random polynomials, and observed in the density profile of the gas.},
	Author = {Castin, Y. and Hadzibabic, Z. and Stock, S. and Dalibard, J. and Stringari, S.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-26 02:23:24 +0000},
	Journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	Keywords = {feshbach resonances einstein condensate statistics},
	Number = {4},
	Title = {Quantized vortices in the ideal bose gas: A physical realization of random polynomials},
	Volume = {96},
	Year = {2006},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {%3CGo%20to%20ISI%3E://WOS:000235083600005}}

@article{Eckert:06,
	Abstract = {An analogy is explored between a setup of three atomic traps coupled via tunneling and an internal atomic three-level system interacting with two laser fields. Within this scenario we describe a STIRAP like process which allows to move an atom between the ground states of two trapping potentials and analyze its robustness. This analogy is extended to other robust and coherent transport schemes and to systems of more than a single atom. Finally it is applied to manipulate external degrees of freedom of atomic wave packets propagating in waveguides. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	Author = {Eckert, K. and Mompart, J. and Corbalan, R. and Lewenstein, M. and Birkl, G.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:02:20 +0000},
	Journal = {Optics Communications},
	Keywords = {electromagnetically induced transparency coherent population transfer single atoms cold atoms lattices states chip},
	Number = {2},
	Pages = {264-270},
	Title = {Three level atom optics in dipole traps and waveguides},
	Volume = {264},
	Year = {2006},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {%3CGo%20to%20ISI%3E://WOS:000239978300004}}

@article{AO:Eckert_optcom_2006,
	Abstract = {An analogy is explored between a setup of three atomic traps coupled via tunneling and an internal atomic three-level system interacting with two laser fields. Within this scenario we describe a STIRAP like process which allows to move an atom between the ground states of two trapping potentials and analyze its robustness. This analogy is extended to other robust and coherent transport schemes and to systems of more than a single atom. Finally it is applied to manipulate external degrees of freedom of atomic wave packets propagating in waveguides.},
	Author = {Eckert, K. and Mompart, J. and Corbal{\'a}n, R. and Lewenstein, M. and Birkl, G.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:10:35 +0000},
	Journal = {Optics Communications},
	Number = {2},
	Pages = {264-270},
	Title = {Three level atom optics in dipole traps and waveguides},
	Volume = {264},
	Year = {2006},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S003040180600486X%20files/109/S003040180600486X.html%20http://ac.els-cdn.com/S003040180600486X/1-s2.0-S003040180600486X-main.pdf?_tid=fabd835a-3a18-11e3-a689-00000aab0f26&acdnat=1382336651_2bd404556214b2ea3df2938675f5a869}}

@article{BEC:Hadzibabic_nat_2006,
	Abstract = {Any state of matter is classified according to its order, and the type of order that a physical system can possess is profoundly affected by its dimensionality. Conventional long-range order, as in a ferromagnet or a crystal, is common in three-dimensional systems at low temperature. However, in two-dimensional systems with a continuous symmetry, true long-range order is destroyed by thermal fluctuations at any finite temperature(1,2). Consequently, for the case of identical bosons, a uniform two-dimensional fluid cannot undergo Bose-Einstein condensation, in contrast to the three-dimensional case. However, the two-dimensional system can form a 'quasi-condensate' and become superfluid below a finite critical temperature. The Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) theory(3,4) associates this phase transition with the emergence of a topological order, resulting from the pairing of vortices with opposite circulation. Above the critical temperature, proliferation of unbound vortices is expected. Here we report the observation of a BKT-type crossover in a trapped quantum degenerate gas of rubidium atoms. Using a matter wave heterodyning technique, we observe both the long-wavelength fluctuations of the quasi-condensate phase and the free vortices. At low temperatures, the gas is quasi-coherent on the length scale set by the system size. As the temperature is increased, the loss of long-range coherence coincides with the onset of proliferation of free vortices. Our results provide direct experimental evidence for the microscopic mechanism underlying the BKT theory, and raise new questions regarding coherence and superfluidity in mesoscopic systems.},
	Author = {Hadzibabic, Z. and Kruger, P. and Cheneau, M. and Battelier, B. and Dalibard, J.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:02:25 +0000},
	Journal = {Nature},
	Keywords = {bose-einstein condensation long-range order 2-dimensional systems transition superfluid phase dimensions},
	Number = {7097},
	Pages = {1118-1121},
	Title = {Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless crossover in a trapped atomic gas},
	Volume = {441},
	Year = {2006},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {%3CGo%20to%20ISI%3E://WOS:000238615500043}}

@article{BEC:Javanainen_jphysa_2006,
	Author = {Javanainen, Juha and Ruostekoski, Janne},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:09:52 +0000},
	Journal = {Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and General},
	Number = {12},
	Pages = {L179-L184},
	Title = {Symbolic calculation in development of algorithms: split-step methods for the Gross--Pitaevskii equation},
	Volume = {39},
	Year = {2006},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://iopscience.iop.org/0305-4470/39/12/L02%20http://iopscience.iop.org/0305-4470/39/12/L02/pdf/0305-4470_39_12_L02.pdf}}

@article{Vtx:Kasamatsu_prl_2006,
	Abstract = {We present simulation results of the vortex dynamics in a trapped Bose-Einstein condensate in the presence of a rotating optical lattice. Changing the potential amplitude and the relative rotation frequency between the condensate and the optical lattice, we find a rich variety of dynamical phases of vortices. The onset of these different phases is described by the force balance of a driving force, a pinning force, and vortex-vortex interactions. In particular, when the optical lattice rotates faster than the condensate, an incommensurate effect leads to a vortex-liquid phase supported by the competition between the driving force and the dissipation.},
	Author = {Kasamatsu, K. and Tsubota, M.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:02:40 +0000},
	Journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	Number = {24},
	Title = {Dynamical vortex phases in a Bose-Einstein condensate driven by a rotating optical lattice},
	Volume = {97},
	Year = {2006},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {%3CGo%20to%20ISI%3E://WOS:000242888700004}}

@book{BK:Krauth_2006,
	Author = {Krauth, Werner},
	Series = {Oxford Master Series in Physics},
	Title = {Statistical Mechanics: Algorithms and cmoputations},
	Year = {2006}}

@article{OL:Morsch_revmodphys_2006,
	Abstract = {Matter waves inside periodic potentials are well known from solid-state physics, where electrons interacting with a crystal lattice are considered. Atomic Bose-Einstein condensates inside light-induced periodic potentials (optical lattices) share many features with electrons in solids, but also with light waves in nonlinear materials and other nonlinear systems. Generally, atom-atom interactions in Bose-Einstein condensates lead to rich and interesting nonlinear effects. Furthermore, the experimental control over the parameters of the periodic potential and the condensate make it possible to enter regimes inaccessible in other systems. In this review, an introduction to the physics of ultracold bosonic atoms in optical lattices is given and an overview of the theoretical and experimental advances to date.},
	Author = {Morsch, O. and Oberthaler, M.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:02:46 +0000},
	Journal = {Reviews of Modern Physics},
	Keywords = {tonks-girardeau gas standing light-wave ultracold atoms neutral atoms matter waves collective excitations controlled collisions insulator transition periodic potentials quantum information},
	Number = {1},
	Pages = {179-215},
	Title = {Dynamics of Bose-Einstein condensates in optical lattices},
	Volume = {78},
	Year = {2006},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {%3CGo%20to%20ISI%3E://WOS:000236516300006}}

@article{OL:Palmer_prl_2006,
	Abstract = {We consider interacting bosonic atoms in an optical lattice subject to a large simulated magnetic field. We develop a model similar to a bilayer fractional quantum Hall system valid near simple rational numbers of magnetic flux quanta per lattice cell. Then we calculate its ground state, magnetic lengths, fractional fillings, and find unexpected sign changes in the Hall current. Finally we study methods for detecting these novel features via shot noise and Hall current measurements.},
	Author = {Palmer, R. N. and Jaksch, D.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:02:48 +0000},
	Journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	Keywords = {magnetic-fields landau-level atoms states gas},
	Number = {18},
	Title = {High-field fractional quantum Hall effect in optical lattices},
	Volume = {96},
	Year = {2006},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {%3CGo%20to%20ISI%3E://WOS:000237478000007%20http://prl.aps.org/pdf/PRL/v96/i18/e180407}}

@article{Vtx:Simula_prl_2006,
	Abstract = {Here we show, by performing ab initio classical field simulations that two distinct superfluid phases, separated by thermal vortex-antivortex pair creation, exist in experimentally producible quasi-2D Bose gas. These results resolve the debate on the nature of the low temperature phase(s) of a trapped interacting 2D Bose gas.},
	Author = {Simula, T. P. and Blakie, P. B.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:27:01 +0000},
	Journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	Number = {2},
	Title = {Thermal Activation of Vortex-Antivortex Pairs in Quasi-Two-Dimensional Bose-Einstein Condensates},
	Volume = {96},
	Year = {2006},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.96.020404%20files/133/e020404.html%20http://prl.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v96/i2/e020404}}

@article{BEC:Srinivasen_pramana_2006,
	Abstract = {Rotating dilute Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC) of alkali atoms offer a testing ground for theories of vortices in weakly interacting superfluids. In a rotating superfluid, quantised vortices, with a vorticity h/m, form above a critical velocity. Such vortices have been generated in BEC of alkali atoms by different techniques such as (a) wave function engineering of a two-component BEC, (b) decay of solitons, (c) rotation of a thermal cloud before cooling it below the condensation temperature, (d) stirring with an 'optical' spoon, (e) rotating a deformation in the anisotropic trap in which the condensate is trapped and (f) by creating Berry phase by adiabatically reversing the axial magnetic field. Since the core of a vortex is a fraction of a micrometer in diameter, it cannot be directly imaged optically. The condensate with vortices is allowed to ballistically expand till the size increases by one order before the vortices are imaged. Surface wave spectroscopy and the change in aspect ratio of a rotating cloud are the other techniques used. Studies have been made on the creation and dynamics of single vortex and on systems with more than a hundred vortices. Results have been obtained on vortex nucleation, stability of vortex structures, nature of the vortex lattice and defects in such a lattice. Important results are: (a) evidence exists that vortex nucleation takes place by a surface mode instability; but this is not the only mechanism; (b) the vortex lattice is perfectly triangular right up to the edge; (c) in the initial stages of rotation of the cloud a tangled web of vortices is seen; it takes a few hundred milliseconds before the vortices arrange themselves in a lattice; this time appears to be independent of temperature; (d) the decay of vortices appears to arise from the transfer of energy to the rotating thermal component and is dependent on temperature; (e) defects in the lattices such as dislocations and grain boundaries are seen; (f) transverse oscillations (Tkachenko modes) of the vortex lattice have been observed; and (g) giant vortices have been produced. These will be discussed.},
	Author = {Srinivasan, R.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:02:53 +0000},
	Journal = {Pramana-Journal of Physics},
	Keywords = {bose-einstein condensate vortices gross-pitaevski equation vortex gas states modes},
	Number = {1},
	Pages = {3-30},
	Title = {Vortices in Bose-Einstein condensates: A review of the experimental results},
	Volume = {66},
	Year = {2006},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {%3CGo%20to%20ISI%3E://WOS:000235042300002}}

@article{Vtx:Tung_prl_2006,
	Abstract = {We report the observation of vortex pinning in rotating gaseous Bose-Einstein condensates. Vortices are pinned to columnar pinning sites created by a corotating optical lattice superimposed on the rotating Bose-Einstein condensates. We study the effects of two types of optical lattice: triangular and square. In both geometries we see an orientation locking between the vortex and the optical lattices. At sufficient intensity the square optical lattice induces a structural crossover in the vortex lattice.},
	Author = {Tung, S. and Schweikhard, V. and Cornell, E. A.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:27:03 +0000},
	Journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	Number = {24},
	Title = {Observation of Vortex Pinning in Bose-Einstein Condensates},
	Volume = {97},
	Year = {2006},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.97.240402%20files/334/e240402.html%20http://prl.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v97/i24/e240402}}

@article{AO:Yun_optexp_2006,
	Abstract = {An array of square current-carrying wires is proposed to construct a two-dimensional (2D) array of surface magneto-optical traps and Ioffe magnetic ones for realizing a 2D lattice of Bose-Einstein condensations (BECs) on an atom chip. Our study shows that when a vertical homogeneous bias magnetic field is only used, the wires will form a 2D array of quadrupole magnetic traps, which can be used to construct 2D lattice of surface magneto-optical micro-traps. While another horizontal homogeneous bias field is added simultaneously, the above 2D array of quadrupole micro-traps will be changed as an array of surface Ioffe micro-traps, which can be used to form a 2D magnetic lattice and then realize a 2D array of BECs. The dynamic loading process of cold Rb-87 atoms from each micro-MOT into Ioffe micro-trap is studied by using Monte-Carlo simulations, and our results show that the scheme can be used to realize a natural and effective loading of cold atoms from 2D array of micro-MOTs into 2D array of Ioffe micro-traps, and the loading efficiency can be reach similar to 65%. Moreover, the positions of each BEC (or MOT) in 2D array of magnetic micro-traps can be controlled by adjusting the currents in the wires or by changing the additional vertical bias field. (c) 2006 Optical Society of America},
	Author = {Yun, M. and Yin, J. P.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:02:58 +0000},
	Journal = {Optics Express},
	Keywords = {bose-einstein condensation neutral atoms cold atoms gas funnel traps vapor fiber beams},
	Number = {7},
	Pages = {2539-2551},
	Title = {Practical scheme to realize 2D array of BECs on an atom chip: novel 2D magneto-optical and magnetic lattices},
	Volume = {14},
	Year = {2006},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {%3CGo%20to%20ISI%3E://WOS:000236552800001}}

@article{BIO:Blair_jneur_2007,
	Abstract = {The dorsomedial entorhinal cortex (dMEC) of the rat brain contains a remarkable population of spatially tuned neurons called grid cells (Hafting et al., 2005). Each grid cell fires selectively at multiple spatial locations, which are geometrically arranged to form a hexagonal lattice that tiles the surface of the rat's environment. Here, we show that grid fields can combine with one another to form moire interference patterns, referred to as "moire grids," that replicate the hexagonal lattice over an infinite range of spatial scales. We propose that dMEC grids are actually moire grids formed by interference between much smaller " theta grids," which are hypothesized to be the primary source of movement-related theta rhythm in the rat brain. The formation of moire grids from theta grids obeys two scaling laws, referred to as the length and rotational scaling rules. The length scaling rule appears to account for firing properties of grid cells in layer II of dMEC, whereas the rotational scaling rule can better explain properties of layer III grid cells. Moire grids built from theta grids can be combined to form yet larger grids and can also be used as basis functions to construct memory representations of spatial locations (place cells) or visual images. Memory representations built from moire grids are automatically endowed with size invariance by the scaling properties of the moire grids. We therefore propose that moire interference between grid fields may constitute an important principle of neural computation underlying the construction of scale-invariant memory representations.},
	Author = {Blair, H. T. and Welday, A. C. and Zhang, K. C.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:02:13 +0000},
	Journal = {Journal of Neuroscience},
	Keywords = {hippocampus place cell entorhinal cortex grid cells theta rhythm recognition memory hippocampal place cells medial entorhinal cortex path-integration recognition memory phase precession spatial map human brain rhythm rat patterns},
	Number = {12},
	Pages = {3211-3229},
	Title = {Scale-invariant memory representations emerge from moire interference between grid fields that produce theta oscillations: A computational model},
	Volume = {27},
	Year = {2007},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {%3CGo%20to%20ISI%3E://WOS:000245103700017}}

@article{Vtx:Bradley_arxiv_2007,
	Abstract = {We develop a stochastic Gross-Pitaveskii theory suitable for the study of Bose-Einstein condensation in a {\em rotating} dilute Bose gas. The theory is used to model the dynamical and equilibrium properties of a rapidly rotating Bose gas quenched through the critical point for condensation, as in the experiment of Haljan et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett., 87, 21043 (2001)]. In contrast to stirring a vortex-free condensate, where topological constraints require that vortices enter from the edge of the condensate, we find that phase defects in the initial non-condensed cloud are trapped en masse in the emerging condensate. Bose-stimulated condensate growth proceeds into a disordered vortex configuration. At sufficiently low temperature the vortices then order into a regular Abrikosov lattice in thermal equilibrium with the rotating cloud. We calculate the effect of thermal fluctuations on vortex ordering in the final gas at different temperatures, and find that the BEC transition is accompanied by lattice melting associated with diminishing long range correlations between vortices across the system.},
	Author = {Bradley, A. S. and Gardiner, C. W. and Davis, M. J.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:25:41 +0000},
	Journal = {arXiv:0712.3436},
	Keywords = {Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics Physics - Atomic Physics Quantum Physics},
	Title = {Bose-Einstein Condensation from a Rotating Thermal Cloud: Vortex Nucleation and Lattice Formation},
	Year = {2007},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://arxiv.org/abs/0712.3436%20files/204/0712.html%20http://pra.aps.org/abstract/PRA/v77/i3/e033616}}

@article{BEC:Dion_arxiv_2007,
	Abstract = {We present a suite of programs to determine the ground state of the time-independent Gross-Pitaevskii equation, used in the simulation of Bose-Einstein condensates. The calculation is based on the Optimal Damping Algorithm, ensuring a fast convergence to the true ground state. Versions are given for the one-, two-, and three-dimensional equation, using either a spectral method, well suited for harmonic trapping potentials, or a spatial grid.},
	Author = {Dion, Claude M. and Cances, Eric},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:10:22 +0000},
	Journal = {arXiv:0705.4024},
	Keywords = {Condensed Matter - Other Condensed Matter Physics - Atomic Physics Physics - Computational Physics},
	Title = {Ground state of the time-independent Gross-Pitaevskii equation},
	Year = {2007},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://arxiv.org/abs/0705.4024%20files/131/0705.html%20http://ac.els-cdn.com/S0010465507003074/1-s2.0-S0010465507003074-main.pdf?_tid=a97c6ba0-3a18-11e3-8e68-00000aab0f6c&acdnat=1382336514_2e747934935078f54693d623b7da0545}}

@article{Vtx:Fetter_pra_2007,
	Abstract = {A rapidly rotating Bose-Einstein condensate in a symmetric two-dimensional trap can be described with the lowest Landau-level set of states. In this case, the condensate wave function psi(x,y) is a Gaussian function of r(2) = x(2) + y(2), multiplied by an analytic function P(z) of the single complex variable z = x + iy; the zeros of P (z) denote the positions of the vortices. Here, a similar description is used for a rapidly rotating anisotropic two-dimensional trap with arbitrary anisotropy (omega(x)/omega(y) <= 1). The corresponding condensate wave function psi(x,y) has the form of a complex anisotropic Gaussian with a phase proportional to xy, multiplied by an analytic function P(zeta), where zeta proportional to x+i beta_y and 0 <=beta_<= 1 is a real parameter that depends on the trap anisotropy and the rotation frequency. The zeros of P(zeta) again fix the locations of the vortices. Within the set of lowest Landau-level states at zero temperature, an anisotropic parabolic density profile provides an absolute minimum for the energy, with the vortex density decreasing slowly and anisotropically away from the trap center.},
	Author = {Fetter, A. L.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:02:22 +0000},
	Journal = {Physical Review A},
	Keywords = {superfluid-helium vortex formation},
	Number = {1},
	Title = {Lowest-Landau-level description of a Bose-Einstein condensate in a rapidly rotating anisotropic trap},
	Volume = {75},
	Year = {2007},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {%3CGo%20to%20ISI%3E://WOS:000243894100147%20http://pra.aps.org/abstract/PRA/v75/i1/e013620}}

@article{AO:Fortagh_revmodphys_2007,
	Abstract = {Trapping and manipulating ultracold atoms and degenerate quantum gases in magnetic micropotentials is reviewed. Starting with a comprehensive description of the basic concepts and fabrication techniques of microtraps together with early pioneering experiments, emphasis is placed on current experiments on degenerate quantum gases. This includes the loading of quantum gases in microtraps, coherent manipulation, and transport of condensates together with recently reported experiments on matter-wave interferometry on a chip. Theoretical approaches for describing atoms in waveguides and beam splitters are briefly summarized, and, finally, the interaction between atoms and the surface of microtraps is covered in some detail.},
	Author = {Fort{\'a}gh, J{\'o}zsef and Zimmermann, Claus},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:25:55 +0000},
	Journal = {Reviews of Modern Physics},
	Number = {1},
	Pages = {235-289},
	Title = {Magnetic microtraps for ultracold atoms},
	Volume = {79},
	Year = {2007},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/RevModPhys.79.235%20files/139/Fort%C3%A1gh%20and%20Zimmermann%20-%202007%20-%20Magnetic%20microtraps%20for%20ultracold%20atoms.html%20http://rmp.aps.org/abstract/RMP/v79/i1/p235_1}}

@article{NUM:Gradinaru_SIAM_2007,
	Abstract = {The time-dependent Schrodinger equation is discretized in space by a sparse grid pseudospectral method. The Strang splitting for the resulting evolutionary problem features first or second order convergence in time, depending on the smoothness of the potential and of the initial data. In contrast to the full grid case, where the frequency domain is the working place, the proof of the sufficient conditions for the convergence is done in the space realm.},
	Author = {Gradinaru, V.},
	Date-Modified = {2016-10-25 08:02:24 +0000},
	Journal = {Siam Journal on Numerical Analysis},
	Keywords = {trigonometric interpolation sparse grids strang splitting schrodinger equation},
	Number = {1},
	Pages = {103-123},
	Title = {Strang Splitting for the Time-Dependent Schrodinger Equation on Sparse Grids},
	Volume = {46},
	Year = {2007},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {%3CGo%20to%20ISI%3E://WOS:000208043800005}}

@article{CT:Kobayashi_jltp_2007,
	Author = {Kobayashi, M. and Tsubota, M.},
	Journal = {Journal of Low Temperature Physics},
	Number = {3-4},
	Pages = {587-592},
	Title = {Quantum Turbulence in a Trapped Bose-Einstein Condensate under Combined Rotations around Three Axes},
	Volume = {150},
	Year = {2007}}

@article{CT:Kobayashi_pra_2007,
	Author = {Kobayashi, Michikazu and Tsubota, Makoto},
	Journal = {Physical Review A},
	Number = {4},
	Title = {Quantum turbulence in a trapped Bose-Einstein condensate},
	Volume = {76},
	Year = {2007}}

@article{BEC:Kruger_prl_2007,
	Abstract = {We have measured the critical atom number in an array of harmonically trapped two-dimensional (2D) Bose gases of rubidium atoms at different temperatures. We found this number to be about 5 times higher than predicted by the semiclassical theory of Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) in the ideal gas. This demonstrates that the conventional BEC picture is inapplicable in an interacting 2D atomic gas, in sharp contrast to the three-dimensional case. A simple heuristic model based on the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless theory of 2D superfluidity and the local density approximation accounts well for our experimental results.},
	Author = {Kr

license: MIT

license_type: permissive

branch_name: refs/heads/master

extension: bib