text:
2 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3502121},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3502121},
	abstract     = {Data is fundamental to AI/ML models. This paper investigates the work practices concerning data annotation as performed in the industry, in India. Previous human-centred investigations have largely focused on annotators’ subjectivity, bias and efficiency. We present a wider perspective of the data annotation: following a grounded approach, we conducted three sets of interviews with 25 annotators, 10 industry experts and 12 ML/AI practitioners. Our results show that the work of annotators is dictated by the interests, priorities and values of others above their station. More than technical, we contend that data annotation is a systematic exercise of power through organizational structure and practice. We propose a set of implications for how we can cultivate and encourage better practice to balance the tension between the need for high quality data at low cost and the annotators’ aspiration for well-being, career perspective, and active participation in building the AI dream.},
	articleno    = 582,
	numpages     = 16,
	keywords     = {AI labour, future of work, qualitative study, data annotation}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3502106,
	title        = {Who Am I, and Who Are You, and Who Are We? A Scientometric Analysis of Gender and Geography in HCI},
	author       = {McKay, Dana and Zhang, Huiwen and Buchanan, George},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3502106},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3502106},
	abstract     = {Conference authorship, attendance and presentation is a key measure of quality in the HCI academic, yet we know conferences are not equally accessible for reasons that have nothing to do with quality. In this paper we examine two axes of diversity: gender, and geographic location (of both authors and conferences) and examine how they affect participation at major HCI conferences. Diversity in a group is associated with better outcomes from its work, and HCI has made numerous contributions to increasing representation in other communities. Reflecting on our own situation can produce recommendations for the planning of future HCI conferences, and identify challenges of representation that the HCI community should endeavor to address.},
	articleno    = 396,
	numpages     = 19,
	keywords     = {Equity, authorship in HCI, diversity, gender, geography}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3502098,
	title        = {Psychometric Properties of the User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ)},
	author       = {Schankin, Andrea and Budde, Matthias and Riedel, Till and Beigl, Michael},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3502098},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3502098},
	abstract     = {User experience (UX) summarizes user perceptions and responses resulting from the interaction with a product, system, or service. The User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ) is one standardized instrument for measuring UX. With six scales, it identifies areas in which product improvements will have the highest impact. In this paper, we evaluate the reliability and validity of this questionnaire. The data of N = 1, 121 participants who interacted with one of 23 products indicated an acceptable to good reliability of all scales. The results show, however, that the scales were not independent of each other. Combining perspicuity, efficiency, and dependability to pragmatic aspects as well as novelty and stimulation to hedonic aspects of UX improved the model fit significantly. The systematic variations of product properties and correlations with the System Usability Scale (SUS) in a second experiment with N=499 participants supported the validity of these two factors. Practical implications of the results are discussed.},
	articleno    = 466,
	numpages     = 11,
	keywords     = {psychometric properties, UEQ, user experience}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3502089,
	title        = {To Trust or to Stockpile: Modeling Human-Simulation Interaction in Supply Chain Shortages},
	author       = {Mohaddesi, Omid and Griffin, Jacqueline and Ergun, Ozlem and Kaeli, David and Marsella, Stacy and Harteveld, Casper},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3502089},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3502089},
	abstract     = {Understanding decision-making in dynamic and complex settings is a challenge yet essential for preventing, mitigating, and responding to adverse events (e.g., disasters, financial crises). Simulation games have shown promise to advance our understanding of decision-making in such settings. However, an open question remains on how we extract useful information from these games. We contribute an approach to model human-simulation interaction by leveraging existing methods to characterize: (1) system states of dynamic simulation environments (with Principal Component Analysis), (2) behavioral responses from human interaction with simulation (with Hidden Markov Models), and (3) behavioral responses across system states (with Sequence Analysis). We demonstrate this approach with our game simulating drug shortages in a supply chain context. Results from our experimental study with 135 participants show different player types (hoarders, reactors, followers), how behavior changes in different system states, and how sharing information impacts behavior. We discuss how our findings challenge existing literature.},
	articleno    = 363,
	numpages     = 18,
	keywords     = {human-simulation interaction, supply chain, hidden markov models, principal component analysis, sequence analysis, gamette}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3502063,
	title        = {“I Shake The Package To Check If It’s Mine”: A Study of Package Fetching Practices and Challenges of Blind and Low Vision People in China},
	author       = {Lei, Wentao and Fan, Mingming and Thang, Juliann},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3502063},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3502063},
	abstract     = {With about 230 million packages delivered per day in 2020, fetching packages has become a routine for many city dwellers in China. When fetching packages, people usually need to go to collection sites of their apartment complexes or a KuaiDiGui, an increasingly popular type of self-service package pickup machine. However, little is known whether such processes are accessible to blind and low vision (BLV) city dwellers. We interviewed BLV people (N=20) living in a large metropolitan area in China to understand their practices and challenges of fetching packages. Our findings show that participants encountered difficulties in finding the collection site and localizing and recognizing their packages. When fetching packages from KuaiDiGuis, they had difficulty in identifying the correct KuaiDiGui, interacting with its touch screen, navigating the complex on-screen workflow, and opening the target compartment. We discuss design considerations to make the package fetching process more accessible to the BLV community.},
	articleno    = 268,
	numpages     = 15,
	keywords     = {Package delivery, People with vision impairments, Accessibility, China, Qualitative study, KuaiDiGui, Blind and low vision, Interview}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3502128,
	title        = {How HCI Adopts Service Design: Unpacking Current Perceptions and Scopes of Service Design in HCI and Identifying Future Opportunities},
	author       = {Lee, Jung-Joo and Yap, Christine Ee Ling and Roto, Virpi},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3502128},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3502128},
	abstract     = {Service design has gained tractions in Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) as an approach to deal with changes of technology design scopes. In the meantime, there are confusions around definitions of service design and its relevance to HCI. Despite the co-existence of interests and confusions, little research has been done for a comprehensive overview of how HCI interprets and adopts service design. This research performed a systematic literature review on extant HCI publications that claim to use service design. The review findings from the 179 publications revealed varying dimensions of service design taken up in HCI, relations between service design scopes and emerging technologies, as well as unclarity to service design in HCI and HCI's current tendency to use service design for the interaction level rather than the system level. We discuss future design and research opportunities for HCI by integrating the system level dimensions of service design.},
	articleno    = 530,
	numpages     = 14,
	keywords     = {Value co-creation, Design methods, Value constellation, Service design}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3502118,
	title        = {“All That You Touch, You Change”: Expanding the Canon of Speculative Design Towards Black Futuring},
	author       = {Harrington, Christina N. and Klassen, Shamika and Rankin, Yolanda A.},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3502118},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3502118},
	abstract     = {Traditional approaches to technology design have historically ignored Blackness in both who engages and conceptualizes future technologies. Design contributions of groups marginalized along race and class are often othered, and rarely considered the design standard. While frameworks have emerged to encourage attention to gender and social justice in design, little work has acknowledged evidence of the Black imaginary in this process. The current canon of design defines futuring and speculation as stemming from a narrow view of science fiction, one which does not include Black futurist perspectives. In this essay, we expand the canon of design by arguing that frameworks such as Afrofuturism, Afrofuturist feminism, and Black feminism be considered instrumental in design’s imagining of our future technological landscape. We contribute to the larger conversation of who gets to future in design, suggesting a dialogic relationship between those who conceptualize design and those who consider design’s societal impact.},
	articleno    = 450,
	numpages     = 10,
	keywords     = {design canon, futuring, Afrofuturism, speculative design}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3502116,
	title        = {Designing Chatbots with Black Americans with Chronic Conditions: Overcoming Challenges against COVID-19},
	author       = {Kim, Junhan and Muhic, Jana and Robert, Lionel Peter and Park, Sun Young},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3502116},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3502116},
	abstract     = {Recently, chatbots have been deployed in health care in various ways such as providing educational information, and monitoring and triaging symptoms. However, they can be ineffective when they are designed without a careful consideration of the cultural context of the users, especially for marginalized groups. Chatbots designed without cultural understanding may result in loss of trust and disengagement of the user. In this paper, through an interview study, we attempt to understand how chatbots can be better designed for Black American communities within the context of COVID-19. Along with the interviews, we performed design activities with 18 Black Americans that allowed them to envision and design their own chatbot to address their needs and challenges during the pandemic. We report our findings on our participants’ needs for chatbots’ roles and features, and their challenges in using chatbots. We then present design implications for future chatbot design for the Black American population.},
	articleno    = 439,
	numpages     = 17,
	keywords     = {Black American community, chatbot, participatory design, COVID-19, chronic condition}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3502114,
	title        = {Pretty Princess vs. Successful Leader: Gender Roles in Greeting Card Messages},
	author       = {Sun, Jiao and Wu, Tongshuang and Jiang, Yue and Awalegaonkar, Ronil and Lin, Xi Victoria and Yang, Diyi},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3502114},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3502114},
	abstract     = {People write personalized greeting cards on various occasions. While prior work has studied gender roles in greeting card messages, systematic analysis at scale and tools for raising the awareness of gender stereotyping remain under-investigated. To this end, we collect a large greeting card message corpus covering three different occasions (birthday, Valentine’s Day and wedding) from three sources (exemplars from greeting message websites, real-life greetings from social media and language model generated ones). We uncover a wide range of gender stereotypes in this corpus via topic modeling, odds ratio and Word Embedding Association Test (WEAT). We further conduct a survey to understand people’s perception of gender roles in messages from this corpus and if gender stereotyping is a concern. The results show that people want to be aware of gender roles in the messages, but remain unconcerned unless the perceived gender roles conflict with the recipient’s true personality. In response, we developed GreetA, an interactive visualization and writing assistant tool to visualize fine-grained topics in greeting card messages drafted by the users and the associated gender perception scores, but without suggesting text changes as an intervention.},
	articleno    = 398,
	numpages     = 15,
	keywords     = {greeting card messages, visualization system, gender role awareness}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3502100,
	title        = {Improving Finger Stroke Recognition Rate for Eyes-Free Mid-Air Typing in VR},
	author       = {Singhal, Yatharth and Noeske, Richard Huynh and Bhardwaj, Ayush and Kim, Jin Ryong},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3502100},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3502100},
	abstract     = {We examine mid-air typing data collected from touch typists to evaluate the features and classification models for recognizing finger stroke. A large number of finger movement traces have been collected using finger motion capture systems, labeled into individual finger strokes, and classified into several key features. We test finger kinematic features, including 3D position, velocity, acceleration, and temporal features, including previous fingers and keys. Based on this analysis, we assess the performance of various classifiers, including Naive Bayes, Random Forest, Support Vector Machines, and Deep Neural Networks, in terms of the accuracy for correctly classifying the keystroke. We finally incorporate a linguistic heuristic to explore the effectiveness of the character prediction model and improve the total accuracy.},
	articleno    = 346,
	numpages     = 9,
	keywords     = {Eyes-free Typing, Text Entry, Mid-Air Typing, Deep Neural Network, Keystroke Classification}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3502097,
	title        = {Exploring Bystanders’ Privacy Concerns with Smart Homes in Jordan},
	author       = {Albayaydh, Wael S and Flechais, Ivan},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3502097},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3502097},
	abstract     = {Smart homes continue to raise concerns about privacy and encroachment of businesses into intimate spaces. Prior research has focused on families and device owners in western contexts (Europe and North America), and has identified the importance of bystanders: individuals who are subjected to smart device use of others. Given the cultural and contextual aspects of accommodating bystanders, we identify a gap where bystanders in non-western societies have been insufficiently researched. To address this we conduct 20 interviews with domestic workers and household employers in Jordan, exploring privacy attitudes and practices. Our analysis uncovers a complex interplay between religious and social norms; legal and regulatory perspectives on privacy; and tensions between households and their domestic workers. We explore issues arising from smart homes coexisting as a residence and workplace, and highlight how workplace protections are ill-suited. We structure our findings to help inform public awareness, policy makers, manufacturers, and future research.},
	articleno    = 446,
	numpages     = 24,
	keywords     = {Smart Home, Smart Device, Privacy, Bystanders}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3502086,
	title        = {”I Happen to Be One of 47.8%”: Social-Emotional and Data Reasoning in Middle School Students’ Comics about Friendship},
	author       = {Vacca, Ralph and DesPortes, Kayla and Tes, Marian and Silander, Megan and Matuk, Camillia and Amato, Anna and Woods, Peter J.},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3502086},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3502086},
	abstract     = {Effective data literacy instruction requires that learners move beyond understanding statistics to being able to humanize data through a contextual understanding of argumentation and reasoning in the real-world. In this paper, we explore the implementation of a co-designed data comic unit about adolescent friendships. The 7th grade unit involved students analyzing data graphs about adolescent friendships and crafting comic narratives to convey perspectives on that data. Findings from our analysis of 33 student comics, and interviews with two teachers and four students, show that students engaged in various forms of data reasoning and social-emotional reasoning. These findings contribute an understanding of how students make sense of data about personal, everyday experiences; and how an arts-integrated curriculum can be designed to support their mutual engagement in both data and social-emotional reasoning.},
	articleno    = 316,
	numpages     = 18,
	keywords     = {arts education, data comics, data literacy, data reasoning, math education, social-emotional learning}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3502083,
	title        = {Privacy, Surveillance, and Power in the Gig Economy},
	author       = {Sannon, Shruti and Sun, Billie and Cosley, Dan},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3502083},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3502083},
	abstract     = {This paper addresses calls for more research on privacy in the gig economy across a range of work platforms. To understand privacy risks, behaviors, and consequences from the perspective of workers, we analyzed workers’ posts about privacy and surveillance from 12 Reddit forums representing four main types of work (crowdwork, freelancing, ridesharing, and delivery). We found that workers perceive both platform companies and customers as sources of unnecessary and opaque data collection and surveillance that can threaten their privacy, safety, and economic outcomes. Workers also engage in many risk mitigation strategies, including self-protective surveillance behaviors such as video recording themselves and customers, as a costly but necessary response to power imbalances created by surveillance. Based on our multi-platform analysis, we present a guiding set of questions that workers, designers, and researchers can use to assess the privacy implications of current and future gig work platforms.},
	articleno    = 619,
	numpages     = 15,
	keywords     = {surveillance, delivery services, ridesharing, labor, risk, crowdwork, freelancing, privacy, workers, monitoring, work platforms}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3502055,
	title        = {Transitioning Toward Independence: Enhancing Collaborative Self-Management of Children with Type 1 Diabetes},
	author       = {Cha, Yoon Jeong and Saxena, Arpita and Wou, Alice and Lee, Joyce and Newman, Mark W and Park, Sun Young},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3502055},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3502055},
	abstract     = {Although child participation is required for successful Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) management, it is challenging because the child’s young age and immaturity make it difficult to perform self-care. Thus, parental caregivers are expected to be heavily involved in their child’s everyday illness management. Our study aims to investigate how children and parents collaborate to manage T1D and examine how the children become more independent in their self-management through the support of their parents. Through semi-structured interviews with children with T1D and their parents (N=41), our study showed that children’s knowledge of illness management and motivation for self-care were crucial for their transition towards independence. Based on these two factors, we identified four types of children’s collaboration (i.e., dependent, resistant, eager, and independent) and parents’ strategies for supporting their children’s independence. We suggest design implications for technologies to support collaborative care by improving children’s transition to independent illness management.},
	articleno    = 522,
	numpages     = 17,
	keywords     = {collaborative healthcare technology, child independence, type 1 diabetes, chronic illness management, child-parent collaboration, pediatric patient, child self-care}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3502048,
	title        = {Structure-Aware Visualization Retrieval},
	author       = {Li, Haotian and Wang, Yong and Wu, Aoyu and Wei, Huan and Qu, Huamin},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3502048},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3502048},
	abstract     = {With the wide usage of data visualizations, a huge number of Scalable Vector Graphic (SVG)-based visualizations have been created and shared online. Accordingly, there has been an increasing interest in exploring how to retrieve perceptually similar visualizations from a large corpus, since it can benefit various downstream applications such as visualization recommendation. Existing methods mainly focus on the visual appearance of visualizations by regarding them as bitmap images. However, the structural information intrinsically existing in SVG-based visualizations is ignored. Such structural information can delineate the spatial and hierarchical relationship among visual elements, and characterize visualizations thoroughly from a new perspective. This paper presents a structure-aware method to advance the performance of visualization retrieval by collectively considering both the visual and structural information. We extensively evaluated our approach through quantitative comparisons, a user study and case studies. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach and its advantages over existing methods.},
	articleno    = 409,
	numpages     = 14,
	keywords     = {Data Visualization, Representation Learning, Visualization Retrieval, Visualization Similarity, Visualization Embedding}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3502046,
	title        = {Meeting Users Where They Are: User-Centered Design of an Automated Text Messaging Tool to Support the Mental Health of Young Adults},
	author       = {Kornfield, Rachel and Meyerhoff, Jonah and Studd, Hannah and Bhattacharjee, Ananya and Williams, Joseph Jay and Reddy, Madhu and Mohr, David C.},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3502046},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3502046},
	abstract     = {Young adults have high rates of mental health conditions, but most do not want or cannot access formal treatment. We therefore recruited young adults with depression or anxiety symptoms to co-design a digital tool for self-managing their mental health concerns. Through study activities—consisting of an online discussion group and a series of design workshops—participants highlighted the importance of easy-to-use digital tools that allow them to exercise independence in their self-management. They described ways that an automated messaging tool might benefit them by: facilitating experimentation with diverse concepts and experiences; allowing variable depth of engagement based on preferences, availability, and mood; and collecting feedback to personalize the tool. While participants wanted to feel supported by an automated tool, they cautioned against incorporating an overtly human-like motivational tone. We discuss ways to apply these findings to improve the design and dissemination of digital mental health tools for young adults.},
	articleno    = 329,
	numpages     = 16,
	keywords     = {automated messaging, young adults, mental health, digital mental health tools, co-design}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3502045,
	title        = {HybridTrak: Adding Full-Body Tracking to VR Using an Off-the-Shelf Webcam},
	author       = {Yang, Jackie (Junrui) and Chen, Tuochao and Qin, Fang and Lam, Monica S. and Landay, James A.},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3502045},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3502045},
	abstract     = {Full-body tracking in virtual reality improves presence, allows interaction via body postures, and facilitates better social expression among users. However, full-body tracking systems today require a complex setup fixed to the environment (e.g., multiple lighthouses/cameras) and a laborious calibration process, which goes against the desire to make VR systems more portable and integrated. We present HybridTrak, which provides accurate, real-time full-body tracking by augmenting inside-out1 upper-body VR tracking systems with a single external off-the-shelf RGB web camera. HybridTrak uses a full-neural solution to convert and transform users’ 2D full-body poses from the webcam to 3D poses leveraging the inside-out upper-body tracking data. We showed HybridTrak is more accurate than RGB or depth-based tracking methods on the MPI-INF-3DHP dataset. We also tested HybridTrak in the popular VRChat app and showed that body postures presented by HybridTrak are more distinguishable and more natural than a solution using an RGBD camera.},
	articleno    = 348,
	numpages     = 13,
	keywords     = {full-body tracking, virtual reality, computer vision.}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3502044,
	title        = {Interactive Fiction Provotypes for Coping with Interpersonal Racism},
	author       = {To, Alexandra and Carey, Hillary and Shrivastava, Riya and Hammer, Jessica and Kaufman, Geoff},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3502044},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3502044},
	abstract     = {Reducing uncertainty around the nature of racist interactions is one of the key motivations driving individual behaviors for coping with those incidents. However, there are few appropriate technologies to support BIPOC (Black, Indigenous, People of Color) in engaging in social uncertainty reduction around this vulnerable, sensitive topic. This paper reports on an exploratory design study investigating how social technology might facilitate uncertainty reduction through three “provotypes” - provocative prototypes of user-generated speculative design concepts. U.S.-based participants engaged with the provotypes through an interactive fiction to explore their usefulness in the context of a racist microaggression. Results showed that engaging the provotypes through interactive fiction facilitated complex and productive interactions and critiques. This work contributes a novel method for conducting exploratory design, remote user studies using interactive fiction as well as priorities, tensions, and further information what role, if any, technology might play in managing racist interactions.},
	articleno    = 453,
	numpages     = 14,
	keywords     = {provotype, interactive fiction, racism, microaggressions}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3502027,
	title        = {Design of Digital Workplace Stress-Reduction Intervention Systems: Effects of Intervention Type and Timing},
	author       = {Howe, Esther and Suh, Jina and Bin Morshed, Mehrab and McDuff, Daniel and Rowan, Kael and Hernandez, Javier and Abdin, Marah Ihab and Ramos, Gonzalo and Tran, Tracy and Czerwinski, Mary P},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3502027},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3502027},
	abstract     = {Workplace stress-reduction interventions have produced mixed results due to engagement and adherence barriers. Leveraging technology to integrate such interventions into the workday may address these barriers and help mitigate the mental, physical, and monetary effects of workplace stress. To inform the design of a workplace stress-reduction intervention system, we conducted a four-week longitudinal study with 86 participants, examining the effects of intervention type and timing on usage, stress reduction impact, and user preferences. We compared three intervention types and two delivery timing conditions: Pre-scheduled (PS) by users and Just-in-time (JIT) prompted by the system-identified user stress-levels. We found JIT participants completed significantly more interventions than PS participants, but post-intervention and study-long stress reduction was not significantly different between conditions. Participants rated low-effort interventions highest, but high-effort interventions reduced the most stress. Participants felt JIT provided accountability but desired partial agency over timing. We present type and timing implications.},
	articleno    = 327,
	numpages     = 16,
	keywords     = {psychotherapy, stress reduction, digital micro-interventions, just-in-time, Workplace stress}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3502013,
	title        = {Six Facets of Facilitation: Participatory Design Facilitators’ Perspectives on Their Role and Its Realization},
	author       = {Dahl, Yngve and Sharma, Kshitij},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3502013},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3502013},
	abstract     = {Participatory design facilitators have a significant impact on participatory activities, processes, and outcomes. However, the facilitator role has not yet been thoroughly debated in existing design discourse, and support for role-related reflections is limited. As the first steps towards an enriched collective understanding of this specific role and its realization, we interviewed 14 respondents with an academic background in participatory design and extensive facilitation experience. Based on a content analysis of the interviews, we identified six facets of the role: (1) trust builder, (2) enabler, (3) inquirer, (4) direction setter, (5) value provider, and (6) users’ advocate. Each facet is presented as consisting of the respondents’ perceived associated responsibilities and corresponding strategies. Our results paint a complex picture of participatory design facilitation. We propose the multi-faceted understanding of the facilitator role emerging from this work as a basis for problematized reflection on the role and its realization.},
	articleno    = 484,
	numpages     = 14,
	keywords     = {Participation, reflection, role, facilitation}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3501996,
	title        = {What Pronouns for Pepper? A Critical Review of Gender/Ing in Research},
	author       = {Seaborn, Katie and Frank, Alexa},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3501996},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3501996},
	articleno    = 239,
	numpages     = 15,
	keywords     = {User perception, Humanoid robots, Socially embodied artificial agents, Gender, Pepper}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3501995,
	title        = {“It’s Kind of Like Code-Switching”: Black Older Adults’ Experiences with a Voice Assistant for Health Information Seeking},
	author       = {Harrington, Christina N. and Garg, Radhika and Woodward, Amanda and Williams, Dimitri},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3501995},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3501995},
	abstract     = {Black older adults from lower socioeconomic environments are often neglected in health technology interventions. Voice assistants have a potential to make healthcare more accessible to older adults, yet, little is known about their experiences with this type of health information seeking, especially Black older adults. Through a three-phase exploratory study, we explored health information seeking with 30 Black older adults in lower-income environments to understand how they ask health-related questions, and their perceptions of the Google Home being used for that purpose. Through our analysis, we identified the health information needs and common search topics, and discussed the communication breakdowns and types of repair performed. We contribute an understanding of cultural code-switching that has to be done by these older adults when interacting with voice assistants, and the importance of such phenomenon when designing for historically excluded groups.},
	articleno    = 604,
	numpages     = 15,
	keywords     = {cultural relevance, voice assistants, older adults, code-switching, health information seeking, race, identity, speech recognition}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3501975,
	title        = {Understanding User Experiences Across VR Walking-in-Place Locomotion Methods},
	author       = {Tan, Chek Tien and Foo, Leon Cewei and Yeo, Adriel and Lee, Jeannie Su Ann and Wan, Edmund and Kok, Xiao-Feng Kenan and Rajendran, Megani},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3501975},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3501975},
	abstract     = {Navigating large-scale virtual spaces is a major challenge in Virtual Reality (VR) applications due to real-world spatial limitations. Walking-in-place (WIP) locomotion solutions may provide a natural approach for VR use cases that require locomotion to share similar qualities with walking in real-life. However, there is limited knowledge on the range of experiences across common WIP methods to inform the design of usable WIP solutions using consumer-accessible components. This paper contributes to this knowledge via a user study with 40 participants that experienced several easy-to-setup WIP methods in a VR commuting simulation. A nuanced understanding of cybersickness and exertion relationships and walking affordances based on different tracker setups were among the findings derived from a corroborated analysis of think-aloud, interview, and observational data, supplemented with self-reports of VR sickness, presence and flow. Practical design insights were then constructed along the dimensions of cybersickness, affordances, space and user interfaces.},
	articleno    = 517,
	numpages     = 13,
	keywords     = {Immersion, Virtual Reality, Walking-In-Place, Locomotion}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3501971,
	title        = {ImpactVest: Rendering Spatio-Temporal Multilevel Impact Force Feedback on Body in VR},
	author       = {Tsai, Hsin-Ruey and Liao, Yu-So and Tsai, Chieh},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3501971},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3501971},
	abstract     = {Rendering instant and intense impact feedback on users’ hands, limbs and head to enhance realism in virtual reality (VR) has been proposed in previous works, but impact on the body is still less discussed. With the body’s large surface area to utilize, numerous impact patterns can be rendered in versatile VR applications, e.g., being shot, blasted, punched or slashed on body in VR games. Herein we propose ImpactVest to render spatio-temporal multilevel impact force feedback on body. By independently controlling nine impactors in a 3 \texttimes{} 3 layout using elastic force, impact is generated at different levels, positions and time sequences for versatile spatial and temporal combinations. We conducted a just-noticeable difference (JND) study to understand users’ impact level distinguishability on the body. A time interval threshold study was then performed to ascertain what time interval thresholds between two impact stimuli should be used to distinguish from simultaneous impact, a continuous impact stroke and two discrete impact stimuli. Based on the results, we conducted a VR experience study to verify that impact feedback from ImpactVest enhances VR realism.},
	articleno    = 356,
	numpages     = 11,
	keywords     = {virtual reality., Haptics, impact, wearable device, force feedback}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3501920,
	title        = {EmoBalloon - Conveying Emotional Arousal in Text Chats with Speech Balloons},
	author       = {Aoki, Toshiki and Chujo, Rintaro and Matsui, Katsufumi and Choi, Saemi and Hautasaari, Ari},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3501920},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3501920},
	abstract     = {Text chat applications are an integral part of daily social and professional communication. However, messages sent over text chat applications do not convey vocal or nonverbal information from the sender, and detecting the emotional tone in text-only messages is challenging. In this paper, we explore the effects of speech balloon shapes on the sender-receiver agreement regarding the emotionality of a text message. We first investigated the relationship between the shape of a speech balloon and the emotionality of speech text in Japanese manga. Based on these results, we created a system that automatically generates speech balloons matching linear emotional arousal intensity by Auxiliary Classifier Generative Adversarial Networks (ACGAN). Our evaluation results from a controlled experiment suggested that the use of emotional speech balloons outperforms the use of emoticons in decreasing the differences between message senders’ and receivers’ perceptions about the level of emotional arousal in text messages.},
	articleno    = 527,
	numpages     = 16,
	keywords     = {text chat, emotion, speech balloon, voice input}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3501904,
	title        = {Enabling Hand Gesture Customization on Wrist-Worn Devices},
	author       = {Xu, Xuhai and Gong, Jun and Brum, Carolina and Liang, Lilian and Suh, Bongsoo and Gupta, Shivam Kumar and Agarwal, Yash and Lindsey, Laurence and Kang, Runchang and Shahsavari, Behrooz and Nguyen, Tu and Nieto, Heriberto and Hudson, Scott E and Maalouf, Charlie and Mousavi, Jax Seyed and Laput, Gierad},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3501904},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3501904},
	abstract     = {We present a framework for gesture customization requiring minimal examples from users, all without degrading the performance of existing gesture sets. To achieve this, we first deployed a large-scale study (N=500+) to collect data and train an accelerometer-gyroscope recognition model with a cross-user accuracy of 95.7% and a false-positive rate of 0.6 per hour when tested on everyday non-gesture data. Next, we design a few-shot learning framework which derives a lightweight model from our pre-trained model, enabling knowledge transfer without performance degradation. We validate our approach through a user study (N=20) examining on-device customization from 12 new gestures, resulting in an average accuracy of 55.3%, 83.1%, and 87.2% on using one, three, or five shots when adding a new gesture, while maintaining the same recognition accuracy and false-positive rate from the pre-existing gesture set. We further evaluate the usability of our real-time implementation with a user experience study (N=20). Our results highlight the effectiveness, learnability, and usability of our customization framework. Our approach paves the way for a future where users are no longer bound to pre-existing gestures, freeing them to creatively introduce new gestures tailored to their preferences and abilities.},
	articleno    = 496,
	numpages     = 19,
	keywords     = {few-shot learning, transfer learning, Gesture customization}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3501898,
	title        = {Hand Interfaces: Using Hands to Imitate Objects in AR/VR for Expressive Interactions},
	author       = {Pei, Siyou and Chen, Alexander and Lee, Jaewook and Zhang, Yang},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3501898},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3501898},
	abstract     = {Augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) technologies create exciting new opportunities for people to interact with computing resources and information. Less exciting is the need for holding hand controllers, which limits applications that demand expressive, readily available interactions. Prior research investigated freehand AR/VR input by transforming the user’s body into an interaction medium. In contrast to previous work that has users’ hands grasp virtual objects, we propose a new interaction technique that lets users’ hands become virtual objects by imitating the objects themselves. For example, a thumbs-up hand pose is used to mimic a joystick. We created a wide array of interaction designs around this idea to demonstrate its applicability in object retrieval and interactive control tasks. Collectively, we call these interaction designs Hand Interfaces. From a series of user studies comparing Hand Interfaces against various baseline techniques, we collected quantitative and qualitative feedback, which indicates that Hand Interfaces are effective, expressive, and fun to use.},
	articleno    = 429,
	numpages     = 16,
	keywords     = {Interaction design, On-body interactions, Free-hand interactions, Imitation, AR/VR, Embodiment}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3501896,
	title        = {From ‘Wow’ to ‘Why’: Guidelines for Creating the Opening of a Data Video with Cinematic Styles},
	author       = {Xu, Xian and Yang, Leni and Yip, David and Fan, Mingming and Wei, Zheng and Qu, Huamin},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3501896},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3501896},
	abstract     = {Data videos are an increasingly popular storytelling form. The opening of a data video critically influences its success as the opening either attracts the audience to continue watching or bores them to abandon watching. However, little is known about how to create an attractive opening. We draw inspiration from the openings of famous films to facilitate designing data video openings. First, by analyzing over 200 films from several sources, we derived six primary cinematic opening styles adaptable to data videos. Then, we consulted eight experts from the film industry to formulate 28 guidelines. To validate the usability and effectiveness of the guidelines, we asked participants to create data video openings with and without the guidelines, which were then evaluated by experts and the general public. Results showed that the openings designed with the guidelines were perceived to be more attractive, and the guidelines were praised for clarity and inspiration.},
	articleno    = 599,
	numpages     = 20,
	keywords     = {Lab Study, Data Video, Interview, Visualization, Guideline, Storytelling}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3501886,
	title        = {Examining AI Methods for Micro-Coaching Dialogs},
	author       = {Mitchell, Elliot and Elhadad, Noemie and Mamykina, Lena},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3501886},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3501886},
	abstract     = {Conversational interaction, for example through chatbots, is well-suited to enable automated health coaching tools to support self-management and prevention of chronic diseases. However, chatbots in health are predominantly scripted or rule-based, which can result in a stagnant and repetitive user experience in contrast with more dynamic, data-driven chatbots in other domains. Consequently, little is known about the tradeoffs of pursuing data-driven approaches for health chatbots. We examined multiple artificial intelligence (AI) approaches to enable micro-coaching dialogs in nutrition — brief coaching conversations related to specific meals, to support achievement of nutrition goals — and compared, reinforcement learning (RL), rule-based, and scripted approaches for dialog management. While the data-driven RL chatbot succeeded in shorter, more efficient dialogs, surprisingly the simplest, scripted chatbot was rated as higher quality, despite not fulfilling its task as consistently. These results highlight tensions between scripted and more complex, data-driven approaches for chatbots in health.},
	articleno    = 440,
	numpages     = 24,
	keywords     = {chatbots, self-management, Health coaching, reinforcement learning, conversational agents}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3501865,
	title        = {Captivate! Contextual Language Guidance for Parent–Child Interaction},
	author       = {Kwon, Taeahn and Jeong, Minkyung and Ko, Eon-Suk and Lee, Youngki},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3501865},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3501865},
	abstract     = {To acquire language, children need rich language input. However, many parents find it difficult to provide children with sufficient language input, which risks delaying their language development. To aid these parents, we design Captivate!, the first system that provides contextual language guidance to parents during play. Our system tracks both visual and spoken language cues to infer targets of joint attention, enabling the real-time suggestion of situation-relevant phrases for the parent. We design our system through a user-centered process with immigrant families—a highly vulnerable yet understudied population—as well as professional speech language therapists. Next, we evaluate Captivate! on parents with children aged 1–3 to observe improvements in responsive language use. We share insights into developing contextual guidance technology for linguistically diverse families1.},
	articleno    = 219,
	numpages     = 17,
	keywords     = {cultural diversity, language acquisition, early childhood, parent–child interaction, context-aware systems}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3501860,
	title        = {Co-Imagining the Future of Playable Cities: A Bottom-Up, Multi-Stakeholder Speculative Inquiry into the Playful Potential of Urban Technology},
	author       = {Altarriba Bertran, Ferran and Bisbe Armengol, Laura and Cooke, Cameron and Chen, Ivy and Dong, Victor and Dastoor, Binaisha and Tadano, Kelsea and Dean, Fyez and Wang, Jessalyn and Altarriba Bertran, Adri\`{a} and Duval, Jared and Isbister, Katherine},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3501860},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3501860},
	abstract     = {Here we present a co-design exploration into the potential of technology to playfully re-signify urban spaces. We created a speculative catalog of urban tech and used it to facilitate multi-stakeholder discussions about the playful potential of smart cities. The learnings from our co-design engagements embody different people's ideas of how tech might and might not support rich forms of urban play, and contribute to ongoing efforts at exploring how to playfully reconfigure our cities. We present: (1) a list of inspirational play potentials of urban spaces—i.e. playful things already people do, and enjoy, in the public space; (2) a portfolio of speculative ideas that show how tech might help to realize that potential; and (3) a discussion of stakeholders’ responses to these ideas. Our work can provide designers with inspiration and actionable advice for cultivating forms of urban play that cater to people's socio-emotional needs.},
	articleno    = 534,
	numpages     = 19,
	keywords     = {Fun, Urban technology, Co-design, Speculative design, Smart cities, Situated Play Design, Play}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3501846,
	title        = {Uncovering Instructors’ Diverse Practices and Perceptions: A Field Deployment of a Customization-Sharing Platform That Supports Course Management},
	author       = {Vermette, Laton and Ramesh, Kavana and McGrenere, Joanna and Chilana, Parmit K},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3501846},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3501846},
	abstract     = {Instructors regularly learn and customize various feature-rich software applications to meet their unique classroom needs. Although instructors often prefer social help from colleagues to navigate this complex and time-consuming learning process, it can be difficult for them to locate relevant task-specific customizations, a challenge only exacerbated by the transition to online teaching due to COVID-19. To mitigate this, we explored how instructors could use an example-based customization sharing platform to discover, try, and appropriate their colleagues’ customizations within a learning management system (LMS). Our field deployment study revealed diverse ways that ten instructors from different backgrounds used customization sharing features to streamline their workflows, improve their LMS feature awareness, and explore new possibilities for designing their courses to match student expectations. Our findings provide new knowledge about customization sharing practices, highlighting the complex interplay of expertise, software learnability, domain-specific workflows, and social perceptions.},
	articleno    = 249,
	numpages     = 15,
	keywords     = {personalization, digital classroom tools, customization sharing, educational technology, learning management systems, software customization}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3501845,
	title        = {Unofficial Proxies: How Close Others Help Older Adults with Banking},
	author       = {Latulipe, Celine and Dsouza, Ronnie and Cumbers, Murray},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3501845},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3501845},
	abstract     = {We present results of a survey (n=42) investigating how close others (family members, friends, or other community members) assist older adults with banking tasks in Canada. We asked what types of banking tasks they help with and what modalities they used. Our results show many close others help older adults by leveraging online banking, and this is especially true when the close other is an older adult themselves. We also found that close others who help older adults via online banking often know the online banking credentials for the older adults they assist, which presents privacy and security issues and could open the door to financial exploitation. Our results demonstrate the need for the design of online banking mechanisms that more explicitly acknowledge the nuanced and temporally changing role of close others in helping older adults with banking.},
	articleno    = 601,
	numpages     = 13,
	keywords     = {privacy, caregivers, finance, banking, aging, passwords, close others, security, proxy account, older adults}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3501836,
	title        = {Causality-Preserving Asynchronous Reality},
	author       = {Fender, Andreas Rene and Holz, Christian},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3501836},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3501836},
	abstract     = {Mixed Reality is gaining interest as a platform for collaboration and focused work to a point where it may supersede current office settings in future workplaces. At the same time, we expect that interaction with physical objects and face-to-face communication will remain crucial for future work environments, which is a particular challenge in fully immersive Virtual Reality. In this work, we reconcile those requirements through a user’s individual Asynchronous Reality, which enables seamless physical interaction across time. When a user is unavailable, e.g., focused on a task or in a call, our approach captures co-located or remote physical events in real-time, constructs a causality graph of co-dependent events, and lets immersed users revisit them at a suitable time in a causally accurate way. Enabled by our system AsyncReality, we present a workplace scenario that includes walk-in interruptions during a person’s focused work, physical deliveries, and transient spoken messages. We then generalize our approach to a use-case agnostic concept and system architecture. We conclude by discussing the implications of Asynchronous Reality for future offices.},
	articleno    = 634,
	numpages     = 15,
	keywords     = {Mixed Reality, Interruption in workplaces, Immersive workspaces, Collaboration, Camera networks, Asynchronous communication}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3501830,
	title        = {Understanding and Modeling Viewers’ First Impressions with Images in Online Medical Crowdfunding Campaigns},
	author       = {Guo, Qingyu and Zhou, Siyuan and Wu, Yifeng and Peng, Zhenhui and Ma, Xiaojuan},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3501830},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3501830},
	abstract     = {Online medical crowdfunding campaigns (OMCCs) help patients seek financial support. First impressions (FIs) of an OMCC, including perceived empathy, credibility, justice, impact, and attractiveness, could affect viewers’ donation decisions. Images play a crucial role in manifesting FIs, and it is beneficial for fundraisers to understand how viewers may judge their selected images for OMCCs beforehand. This work proposes a data-driven approach to assessing whether an OMCC image conveys appropriate FIs. We first crowdsource viewers’ perception of OMCC images. Statistical analysis confirms that agreement on all five dimensions of FIs exists, and these FIs positively correlate with donation intention. We compute image content, color, texture, and composition features, then analyze the correlation between these visual features and FIs. We further predict FIs based on these features, and the best model achieves an overall F1-score of 0.727. Finally, we discuss how our insights could benefit fundraisers and possible ethical concerns.},
	articleno    = 361,
	numpages     = 20,
	keywords     = {first impression, Online medical crowdfunding campaign, computational assessment}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3501824,
	title        = {Investigating Culturally Responsive Design for Menstrual Tracking and Sharing Practices Among Individuals with Minimal Sexual Education},
	author       = {Lin, Georgianna E and Mynatt, Elizabeth D and Kumar, Neha},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3501824},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3501824},
	abstract     = {Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) research on menstrual tracking has emphasized the need for more inclusive design of mechanisms for tracking and sharing information on menstruation. We investigate menstrual tracking and data-sharing attitudes and practices in educated, young (20-30 years old) menstruating individuals based in the United States, with self-identified minimal menstrual education backgrounds. Using interviews (N=18), a survey (N=62), and participatory design (N=7), we find that existing mechanisms for tracking and sharing data on menstruation are not adequately responsive to the needs of those who seek relevant menstrual education, are not in the sexual majority, and/or wish to customize what menstrual data they share and with whom. Our analysis highlights a design gap for participants with minimal sexual education backgrounds who wish to better understand their cycles. We also contribute a deepened understanding of structural health inequities that impact menstrual tracking and sharing practices, making recommendations for technology-mediated menstrual care.},
	articleno    = 437,
	numpages     = 15,
	keywords     = {culturally responsive design, menstrual health, health equity, Menstrual tracking}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3501823,
	title        = {Neo: Generalizing Confusion Matrix Visualization to Hierarchical and Multi-Output Labels},
	author       = {G\"{o}rtler, Jochen and Hohman, Fred and Moritz, Dominik and Wongsuphasawat, Kanit and Ren, Donghao and Nair, Rahul and Kirchner, Marc and Patel, Kayur},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3501823},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3501823},
	abstract     = {The confusion matrix, a ubiquitous visualization for helping people evaluate machine learning models, is a tabular layout that compares predicted class labels against actual class labels over all data instances. We conduct formative research with machine learning practitioners at Apple and find that conventional confusion matrices do not support more complex data-structures found in modern-day applications, such as hierarchical and multi-output labels. To express such variations of confusion matrices, we design an algebra that models confusion matrices as probability distributions. Based on this algebra, we develop Neo, a visual analytics system that enables practitioners to flexibly author and interact with hierarchical and multi-output confusion matrices, visualize derived metrics, renormalize confusions, and share matrix specifications. Finally, we demonstrate Neo’s utility with three model evaluation scenarios that help people better understand model performance and reveal hidden confusions.},
	articleno    = 408,
	numpages     = 13,
	keywords     = {machine learning, model evaluation, Confusion matrices, visual analytics, interactive systems}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3517788,
	title        = {Constrained Life in a Multifarious Environment - A Closer Look at the Lives of Autistic College Students},
	author       = {Ahmed, Shameem and Monsur Hossain, Md and Pragner, Cody and Kimball, Mitch and Shrivastava, Ashima and Gildner, Joseph and McCulloch, Sean and Sharmin, Moushumi},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3517788},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3517788},
	abstract     = {For many students, attending college is a dramatic but necessary change. To gain a better understanding of experiences that are unique to autistic college students, we conducted a mixed-method study with 20 students (10 autistic and 10 neurotypical). We collected physiological, contextual, experience, and environmental data from their natural environment using Fitbit and smartphones. We found that stress patterns, emotional states, and physical states are similar for both groups. Our autistic participants prioritized academic success over everything else, often intentionally confining their movements among academic, resident, and work locations to engage themselves with academic work as much as possible. They had a small number of friends, always preferring quality over quantity and sometimes regarding friends as close as family members. To maintain a better social life, they extensively used social media. They slept more than neurotypical participants per day; however, they experienced lower sleep quality.},
	articleno    = 320,
	numpages     = 17
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3517727,
	title        = {Towards Design Guidelines for Effective Health-Related Data Videos: An Empirical Investigation of Affect, Personality, and Video Content},
	author       = {Sallam, Samar and Sakamoto, Yumiko and Leboe-McGowan, Jason and Latulipe, Celine and Irani, Pourang},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3517727},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3517727},
	abstract     = {Data Videos (DVs), or animated infographics that tell stories with data, are becoming increasingly popular. Despite their potential to induce attitude change, little is explored about how to produce effective DVs. This paper describes two studies that explored factors linked to the potential of health DVs to improve viewers’ behavioural change intentions. We investigated: 1) how viewers’ affect is linked to their behavioural change intentions; 2) how these affect are linked to the viewers’ personality traits; 3) which attributes of DVs are linked to their persuasive potential. Results from both studies indicated that viewers’ negative affect lowered their behavioural change intentions. Individuals with higher neuroticism exhibited higher negative affect and were harder to convince. Finally, Study 2 proved that providing any solutions to the health problem, presented in the DV, made the viewers perceive the videos as more actionable while lowering their negative affect, and importantly, induced higher behavioural change intentions.},
	articleno    = 342,
	numpages     = 22,
	keywords     = {physical activity, narrative visualization, personality, actionable, attitude change, solution, persuasive technology, data storytelling, affect, Data Video}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3517699,
	title        = {“I See You!”: A Design Framework for Interface Cues about Agent Visual Perception from a Thematic Analysis of Videogames},
	author       = {Rueben, Matthew and Horrocks, Matthew R and Martinez, Jennifer Eleanor and Cormier, Michelle V and LaLone, Nicolas and Fraune, Marlena and Toups Dugas, Z},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3517699},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3517699},
	abstract     = {As artificial agents proliferate, there will be more and more situations in which they must communicate their capabilities to humans, including what they can “see.” Artificial agents have existed for decades in the form of computer-controlled agents in videogames. We analyze videogames in order to not only inspire the design of better agents, but to stop agent designers from replicating research that has already been theorized, designed, and tested in-depth. We present a qualitative thematic analysis of sight cues in videogames and develop a framework to support human-agent interaction design. The framework identifies the different locations and stimulus types – both visualizations and sonifications – available to designers and the types of information they can convey as sight cues. Insights from several other cue properties are also presented. We close with suggestions for implementing such cues with existing technologies to improve the safety, privacy, and efficiency of human-agent interactions.},
	articleno    = 417,
	numpages     = 22,
	keywords     = {thematic analysis, human-robot interaction, videogames, qualitative methodologies, sight cues}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3517695,
	title        = {Exploring Interactive Sound Design for Auditory Websites},
	author       = {Zhang, Lotus and Shao, Jingyao and Liu, Augustina Ao and Jiang, Lucy and Stangl, Abigale and Fourney, Adam and Morris, Meredith Ringel and Findlater, Leah},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3517695},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3517695},
	abstract     = {Auditory interfaces increasingly support access to website content, through recent advances in voice interaction. Typically, however, these interfaces provide only limited audio styling, collapsing rich visual design into a static audio output style with a single synthesized voice. To explore the potential for more aesthetic and intuitive sound design for websites, we prompted 14 professional sound designers to create auditory website mockups and interviewed them about their designs and rationale. Our findings reveal their prioritized design considerations (aesthetics and emotion, user engagement, audio clarity, information dynamics, and interactivity), specific sound design ideas to support each consideration (e.g., replacing spoken labels with short, memorable audio expressions), and challenges with applying sound design practices to auditory websites. These findings provide promising direction for how to support designers in creating richer auditory website experiences.},
	articleno    = 222,
	numpages     = 16,
	keywords     = {interaction design, voice interaction, audio display}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3517669,
	title        = {Personal Dream Informatics: A Self-Information Systems Model of Dream Engagement},
	author       = {Hoefer, Michael Jeffrey Daniel and Schumacher, Bryce E and Voida, Stephen},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3517669},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3517669},
	abstract     = {We present the research area of personal dream informatics: studying the self-information systems that support dream engagement and communication between the dreaming self and the wakeful self. Through a survey study of 281 individuals primarily recruited from an online community dedicated to dreaming, we develop a dream-information systems view of dreaming and dream tracking as a type of self-information system. While dream-information systems are characterized by diverse tracking processes, motivations, and outcomes, they are universally constrained by the ephemeral dreamset—the short period of time between waking up and rapid memory loss of dream experiences. By developing a system dynamics model of dreaming we highlight feedback loops that serve as high leverage points for technology designers, and suggest a variety of design considerations for crafting technology that best supports dream recall, dream tracking, and dreamwork for nightmare relief and personal development.},
	articleno    = 281,
	numpages     = 16,
	keywords     = {system dynamics, dream informatics, survey, self-tracking, dreamwork, personal informatics, quantified self, dreaming, self-information systems, dreams, mental health informatics, dream tracking, dream journaling, reddit}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3517655,
	title        = {A Conversational Approach for Modifying Service Mashups in IoT Environments},
	author       = {Kim, Sanghoon and Ko, In-Young},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3517655},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3517655},
	abstract     = {Existing conversational approaches for Internet of Things (IoT) service mashup do not support modification because of the usability challenge, although it is common for users to modify the service mashups in IoT environments. To support the modification of IoT service mashups through conversational interfaces in a usable manner, we propose the conversational mashup modification agent (CoMMA). Users can modify IoT service mashups using CoMMA through natural language conversations. CoMMA has a two-step mashup modification interaction, an implicature-based localization step, and a modification step with a disambiguation strategy. The localization step allows users to easily search for a mashup by vocalizing their expressions in the environment. The modification step supports users to modify mashups by speaking simple modification commands. We conducted a user study and the results show that CoMMA is as effective as visual approaches in terms of task completion time and perceived task workload for modifying IoT service mashups.},
	articleno    = 345,
	numpages     = 16,
	keywords     = {Smart Home, IoT Service Mashup, Conversational Mashup Modification, Conversational Interface}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3517593,
	title        = {Proxemics for Human-Agent Interaction in Augmented Reality},
	author       = {Huang, Ann and Knierim, Pascal and Chiossi, Francesco and Chuang, Lewis L and Welsch, Robin},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3517593},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3517593},
	abstract     = {Augmented Reality (AR) embeds virtual content in physical spaces, including virtual agents that are known to exert a social presence on users. Existing design guidelines for AR rarely consider the social implications of an agent’s personal space (PS) and that it can impact user behavior and arousal. We report an experiment (N=54) where participants interacted with agents in an AR art gallery scenario. When participants approached six virtual agents (i.e., two males, two females, a humanoid robot, and a pillar) to ask for directions, we found that participants respected the agents’ PS and modulated interpersonal distances according to the human-like agents’ perceived gender. When participants were instructed to walk through the agents, we observed heightened skin-conductance levels that indicate physiological arousal. These results are discussed in terms of proxemic theory that result in design recommendations for implementing pervasive AR experiences with virtual agents.},
	articleno    = 421,
	numpages     = 13,
	keywords     = {Virtual Agents, Proxemics, Personal Space, Perception, Human-Agent Interaction, Augmented Reality}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3517589,
	title        = {Use Cases for Design Personas: A Systematic Review and New Frontiers},
	author       = {Salminen, Joni and Wenyun Guan, Kathleen and Jung, Soon-Gyo and Jansen, Bernard},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3517589},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3517589},
	abstract     = {Personas represent the needs of users in diverse populations and impact design by endearing empathy and improving communication. While personas have been lauded for their benefits, we could locate no prior review of persona use cases in design, prompting the question: how are personas actually used to achieve these benefits? To address this question, we review 95 articles containing persona application across multiple domains, and identify software development, healthcare, and higher education as the top domains that employ personas. We then present a three-stage design hierarchy of persona usage to describe how personas are used in design tasks. Finally, we assess the increasing trend of persona initiatives aimed towards social good rather than solely commercial interests. Our findings establish a roadmap of best practices for how practitioners can innovatively employ personas to increase the value of designs and highlight avenues of using personas for socially impactful purposes.},
	articleno    = 543,
	numpages     = 21
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3517576,
	title        = {Innovating Novel Online Social Spaces with Diverse Middle School Girls: Ideation and Collaboration in a Synchronous Virtual Design Workshop},
	author       = {Delcourt, Catherine Grevet and Charmaraman, Linda and Durrani, Sidrah and Gu, Quan and Xiao, Le Fan},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3517576},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3517576},
	abstract     = {Leveraging social media as a domain of high relevance in the lives of most young adolescents, we led a synchronous virtual design workshop with 17 ethnically diverse, and geographically-dispersed middle school girls (aged 11-14) to co-create novel ICT experiences. Our participatory workshop centered on social media innovation, collaboration, and computational design. We present the culminating design ideas of novel online social spaces, focused on positive experiences for adolescent girls, produced in small-groups, and a thematic analysis of the idea generation and collaboration processes. We reflect on the strengths of utilizing social media as a domain for computing exploration with diverse adolescent girls, the role of facilitators in a synchronous virtual design workshop, and the technical infrastructure that can enable age-appropriate scaffolding for active participation and use of participatory design principles embedded within educational workshops with this population.},
	articleno    = 248,
	numpages     = 16,
	keywords     = {adolescent girls, synchronous communication, confidence, Participatory design, social media, collaboration, small-group facilitation}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3517570,
	title        = {Method for Appropriating the Brief Implicit Association Test to Elicit Biases in Users},
	author       = {Dingler, Tilman and Tag, Benjamin and Eccles, David A. and van Berkel, Niels and Kostakos, Vassilis},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3517570},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3517570},
	abstract     = {Implicit tendencies and cognitive biases play an important role in how information is perceived and processed, a fact that can be both utilised and exploited by computing systems. The Implicit Association Test (IAT) has been widely used to assess people’s associations of target concepts with qualitative attributes, such as the likelihood of being hired or convicted depending on race, gender, or age. The condensed version–the Brief IAT–aims to implicit biases by measuring the reaction time to concept classifications. To use this measure in HCI research, however, we need a way to construct and validate target concepts, which tend to quickly evolve and depend on geographical and cultural interpretations. In this paper, we introduce and evaluate a new method to appropriate the BIAT using crowdsourcing to measure people’s leanings on polarising topics. We present a web-based tool to test participants’ bias on custom themes, where self-assessments often fail. We validated our approach with 14 domain experts and assessed the fit of crowdsourced test construction. Our method allows researchers of different domains to create and validate bias tests that can be geographically tailored and updated over time. We discuss how our method can be applied to surface implicit user biases and run studies where cognitive biases may impede reliable results.},
	articleno    = 243,
	numpages     = 16,
	keywords     = {Attitude-Aware Systems, Brief Implicit Association Test, Cognitive Biases}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3517565,
	title        = {Owning Mistakes Sincerely: Strategies for Mitigating AI Errors},
	author       = {Mahmood, Amama and Fung, Jeanie W and Won, Isabel and Huang, Chien-Ming},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3517565},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3517565},
	abstract     = {Interactive AI systems such as voice assistants are bound to make errors because of imperfect sensing and reasoning. Prior human-AI interaction research has illustrated the importance of various strategies for error mitigation in repairing the perception of an AI following a breakdown in service. These strategies include explanations, monetary rewards, and apologies. This paper extends prior work on error mitigation by exploring how different methods of apology conveyance may affect people’s perceptions of AI agents; we report an online study (N=37) that examines how varying the sincerity of an apology and the assignment of blame (on either the agent itself or others) affects participants’ perceptions and experience with erroneous AI agents. We found that agents that openly accepted the blame and apologized sincerely for mistakes were thought to be more intelligent, likeable, and effective in recovering from errors than agents that shifted the blame to others.},
	articleno    = 578,
	numpages     = 11,
	keywords     = {voice interactions, error mitigation, blame assignment, apologies, Human-AI interaction}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3517562,
	title        = {Bringing Patient Mannequins to Life: 3D Projection Enhances Nursing Simulation},
	author       = {Zhou, Guoyang and Nagle, Amy and Takahashi, George and Hornbeck, Tera and Loomis, Ann and Smith, Beth and Duerstock, Bradley and Yu, Denny},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3517562},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3517562},
	abstract     = {Mannequin-based simulations are widely used to train novice nurses. However, current mannequins have no dynamic facial expressions, which decreases the mannequins’ fidelity and impacts students’ learning outcomes and experience. This study proposes a projection-based AR system for overlaying dynamic facial expressions on a mannequin and implements the system in a stroke simulation. Thirty-six undergraduate nursing students participated in the study and were equally divided into the control (without the system) and experimental group (with the system). The participants’ gaze behavior, simulation performance, and subjective evaluation were measured. Results illustrated that the participants focused more on the face-animated mannequin than the traditional mannequin during the simulation. Nursing experts believed that the face-animated mannequin increased the participants’ performance in recognizing deviations but decreased their performance in seeking additional information. Moreover, the participants reported that the face-animated mannequin was more interactive and helpful for performing appropriate assessments than the traditional mannequin.},
	articleno    = 565,
	numpages     = 15,
	keywords     = {mixed/augmented reality, interactive mannequin, nursing simulation}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3517543,
	title        = {‘ShishuShurokkha’: A Transformative Justice Approach for Combating Child Sexual Abuse in Bangladesh},
	author       = {Sultana, Sharifa and Pritha, Sadia Tasnuva and Tasnim, Rahnuma and Das, Anik and Akter, Rokeya and Hasan, Shaid and Alam, S.M. Raihanul and Kabir, Muhammad Ashad and Ahmed, Syed Ishtiaque},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3517543},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3517543},
	abstract     = {The challenge of designing against child sexual abuse becomes more complicated in conservative societies where talking about sex is tabooed. Our mix-method study, comprised of an online survey, five FGDs, and 20 semi-structured interviews in Bangladesh, investigates the common nature, location, and time of the abuse, post-incident support, and possible combating strategies. Besides revealing important facts, our findings highlight the need of decentering the design from the victims (children and/or guardians) to the community. Hence, building on the theory of transformative justice, we prototyped and evaluated ‘ShishuShurokkha’ – an online tool that involves the whole community by allowing anonymous bystander reporting, visualizing case-maps, connecting with legal, medical, and social support, and raising awareness. The evaluation of ShishuShurokkha shows the promise for such a communal approach toward combating child sexual abuse, and highlights the needs for sincere involvement of the government, NGOs, the legal, educational, and religious services in this.},
	articleno    = 577,
	numpages     = 23,
	keywords     = {Child Sexual abuse, Transformative Justice, ShishuShurokkha, Community Driven Design, Solidarity, Gender Harassment, Social Media, Bangladesh, Shame}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3517540,
	title        = {How AI-Based Training Affected the Performance of Professional Go Players},
	author       = {Kang, Jimoon and Yoon, June Seop and Lee, Byungjoo},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3517540},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3517540},
	abstract     = {In this study, we analyzed how the performance of professional Go players has changed since the advent of AlphaGo, the first artificial intelligence (AI) application to defeat a human world Go champion. We interviewed and surveyed professional Go players and found that AI has been actively introduced into the Go training process since the advent of AlphaGo. The significant impact of AI-based training was confirmed in a subsequent analysis of 6,292 games in Korean Go tournaments and Elo rating data of 1,362 Go players worldwide. Overall, the tendency of players to make moves similar to those recommended by AI has sharply increased since 2017. The degree to which players’ expected win rates fluctuate during a game has also decreased significantly since 2017. We also found that AI-based training has provided more benefits to senior players and allowed them to achieve Elo ratings higher than those of junior players.},
	articleno    = 520,
	numpages     = 12,
	keywords     = {game of Go, neural network, deep learning, AlphaGo, Artificial Intelligence}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3517512,
	title        = {Investigating Clutching Interactions for Touchless Medical Imaging Systems},
	author       = {Cronin, Sean and Freeman, Euan and Doherty, Gavin},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3517512},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3517512},
	abstract     = {Touchless input could transform clinical activity by allowing health professionals direct control over medical imaging systems in a sterile manner. Currently, users face the issues of being unable to directly manipulate imaging in aseptic environments, as well as needing to touch shared surfaces in other hospital areas. Unintended input is a key challenge for touchless interaction and could be especially disruptive in medical contexts. We evaluated four clutching techniques with 34 health professionals, measuring interaction performance and interviewing them to obtain insight into their views on clutching, and touchless control of medical imaging. As well as exploring the performance of the different clutching techniques, our analysis revealed an appetite for reliable touchless interfaces, a strong desire to reduce shared surface contact, and suggested potential improvements such as combined authentication and touchless control. Our findings can inform the development of novel touchless medical systems and identify challenges for future research.},
	articleno    = 351,
	numpages     = 14,
	keywords     = {Touchless Interaction, PACS, Midas Touch, Medical Imaging Systems, Gestures, Clutching}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3517503,
	title        = {Bridging Contextual and Methodological Gaps on the “Misinformation Beat”: Insights from Journalist-Researcher Collaborations at Speed},
	author       = {McClure Haughey, Melinda and Povolo, Martina and Starbird, Kate},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3517503},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3517503},
	abstract     = {As misinformation, disinformation, and conspiracy theories increase online, so does journalism coverage of these topics. This reporting is challenging, and journalists fill gaps in their expertise by utilizing external resources, including academic researchers. This paper discusses how journalists work with researchers to report on online misinformation. Through an ethnographic study of thirty collaborations, including participant-observation and interviews with journalists and researchers, we identify five types of collaborations and describe what motivates journalists to reach out to researchers — from a lack of access to data to support for understanding misinformation context. We highlight challenges within these collaborations, including misalignment in professional work practices, ethical guidelines, and reward structures. We end with a call to action for CHI researchers to attend to this intersection, develop ethical guidelines around supporting journalists with data at speed, and offer practical approaches for researchers filling a “data mediator” role between social media and journalists.},
	articleno    = 244,
	numpages     = 15
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3517603,
	title        = {What Are You Thinking?: Using CBT and Storytelling to Improve Mental Health Among College Students},
	author       = {Hamid, Aleesha and Arshad, Rabiah and Shahid, Suleman},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3517603},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3517603},
	abstract     = {Depression and anxiety among college students have been on the rise globally. Cognitive Behavioural Therapy has emerged as an empirically reinforced and effective treatment. However, factors like cost, lack of resources, misguided prioritization and stigmatization of mental health issues in the Global South limit students’ access to psychotherapy. While technology can bridge this gap, research shows current self-guided mHealth apps for CBT are not always evidence-based and have limited efficacy compared to therapist-guided alternatives. In this paper, we explore whether interactive storytelling and other gamification mechanisms can increase the efficacy of a self-guided mHealth app, while drawing from empirically supported CBT protocols. We designed an mHealth application with contextualised storylines to help students learn psychological concepts and better identify the negative patterns in their thoughts. We present the results of a 3-arm randomized controlled trial conducted to assess the effect of this application compared to active and inactive control conditions.},
	articleno    = 441,
	numpages     = 16,
	keywords     = {CBT, mHealth application, mental health, storytelling}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3517582,
	title        = {AI Chains: Transparent and Controllable Human-AI Interaction by Chaining Large Language Model Prompts},
	author       = {Wu, Tongshuang and Terry, Michael and Cai, Carrie Jun},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3517582},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3517582},
	abstract     = {Although large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive potential on simple tasks, their breadth of scope, lack of transparency, and insufficient controllability can make them less effective when assisting humans on more complex tasks. In response, we introduce the concept of Chaining LLM steps together, where the output of one step becomes the input for the next, thus aggregating the gains per step. We first define a set of LLM primitive operations useful for Chain construction, then present an interactive system where users can modify these Chains, along with their intermediate results, in a modular way. In a 20-person user study, we found that Chaining not only improved the quality of task outcomes, but also significantly enhanced system transparency, controllability, and sense of collaboration. Additionally, we saw that users developed new ways of interacting with LLMs through Chains: they leveraged sub-tasks to calibrate model expectations, compared and contrasted alternative strategies by observing parallel downstream effects, and debugged unexpected model outputs by “unit-testing” sub-components of a Chain. In two case studies, we further explore how LLM Chains may be used in future applications.},
	articleno    = 385,
	numpages     = 22,
	keywords     = {Large Language Models, Human-AI Interaction, Natural Language Processing}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3517577,
	title        = {Digital Fabrication of Pneumatic Actuators with Integrated Sensing by Machine Knitting},
	author       = {Luo, Yiyue and Wu, Kui and Spielberg, Andrew and Foshey, Michael and Rus, Daniela and Palacios, Tom\'{a}s and Matusik, Wojciech},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3517577},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3517577},
	abstract     = {Soft actuators with integrated sensing have shown utility in a variety of applications such as assistive wearables, robotics, and interactive input devices. Despite their promise, these actuators can be difficult to both design and fabricate. As a solution, we present a workflow for computationally designing and digitally fabricating soft pneumatic actuators via a machine knitting process. Machine knitting is attractive as a fabrication process because it is fast, digital (programmable), and provides access to a rich material library of functional yarns for specified mechanical behavior and integrated sensing. Our method uses elastic stitches to construct non-homogeneous knitting structures, which program the bending of actuators when inflated. Our method also integrates pressure and swept frequency capacitive sensing structures using conductive yarns. The entire knitted structure is fabricated automatically in a single machine run. We further provide a computational design interface for the user to interactively preview actuators’ quasi-static shape when authoring elastic stitches. Our sensing-integrated actuators are cost-effective, easy to design, robust to large actuation, and require minimal manual post-processing. We demonstrate five use-cases of our actuators in relevant application settings.},
	articleno    = 175,
	numpages     = 13,
	keywords     = {Pneumatic actuators, smart textiles, machine knitting}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3517563,
	title        = {Close-up and Whispering: An Understanding of Multimodal and Parasocial Interactions in YouTube ASMR Videos},
	author       = {Niu, Shuo and Manon, Hugh S. and Bartolome, Ava and Ha, Nguyen Binh and Veazey, Keegan},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3517563},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3517563},
	abstract     = {ASMR (Autonomous Sensory Meridian Response) has grown to immense popularity on YouTube and drawn HCI designers’ attention to its effects and applications in design. YouTube ASMR creators incorporate visual elements, sounds, motifs of touching and tasting, and other scenarios in multisensory video interactions to deliver enjoyable and relaxing experiences to their viewers. ASMRtists engage viewers by social, physical, and task attractions. Research has identified the benefits of ASMR in mental wellbeing. However, ASMR remains an understudied phenomenon in the HCI community, constraining designers’ ability to incorporate ASMR in video-based designs. This work annotates and analyzes the interaction modalities and parasocial attractions of 2663 videos to identify unique experiences. YouTube comment sections are also analyzed to compare viewers’ responses to different ASMR interactions. We find that ASMR videos are experiences of multimodal social connection, relaxing physical intimacy, and sensory-rich activity observation. Design implications are discussed to foster future ASMR-augmented video interactions.},
	articleno    = 202,
	numpages     = 18,
	keywords     = {multimodal, video, ASMR, YouTube, parasocial, experience}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3517557,
	title        = {A Study of Solar Cooking: Exploring Climate-Resilient Food Preparation and Opportunities for HCI},
	author       = {Kuznetsov, Stacey and Rodriguez Vega, Alejandra and Long, Elenore},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3517557},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3517557},
	abstract     = {As parts of our planet continue to experience extreme heat waves, it is more urgent than ever for human-food interaction research to examine climate-resilient and sustainable food practices. Our work, conducted in the hottest city in the USA, focuses on solar cooking as a set of creative DIY activities that use extreme heat and mitigate human impact on the environment. We report on a summer-long study whereby 7 enthusiasts built solar ovens from scratch and experimented with solar recipes ranging from slow-cooked pork and chicken to bread, kale chips, brownies, jerky, and fruit rollups. Our findings depict solar cooking as a form of iterative DIY, which, through its challenges and creative workarounds, serves as a point of engagement with both food and extreme heat. We reflect on solar cooking as a climate-resilient food practice and conclude with design considerations for HCI to support solar cooking as a habitual community practice.},
	articleno    = 457,
	numpages     = 8,
	keywords     = {Solar cooking, food science, DIY, sustainable HCI}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3517537,
	title        = {Solving Separation-of-Concerns Problems in Collaborative Design of Human-AI Systems through Leaky Abstractions},
	author       = {Subramonyam, Hariharan and Im, Jane and Seifert, Colleen and Adar, Eytan},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3517537},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3517537},
	abstract     = {In conventional software development, user experience (UX) designers and engineers collaborate through separation of concerns (SoC): designers create human interface specifications, and engineers build to those specifications. However, we argue that Human-AI systems thwart SoC because human needs must shape the design of the AI interface, the underlying AI sub-components, and training data. How do designers and engineers currently collaborate on AI and UX design? To find out, we interviewed 21 industry professionals (UX researchers, AI engineers, data scientists, and managers) across 14 organizations about their collaborative work practices and associated challenges. We find that hidden information encapsulated by SoC challenges collaboration across design and engineering concerns. Practitioners describe inventing ad-hoc representations exposing low-level design and implementation details (which we characterize as leaky abstractions) to “puncture” SoC and share information across expertise boundaries. We identify how leaky abstractions are employed to collaborate at the AI-UX boundary and formalize a process of creating and using leaky abstractions.},
	articleno    = 481,
	numpages     = 21,
	keywords     = {Human-AI systems, Industry practices, AI applications, UX design, design processes}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3517525,
	title        = {Polite or Direct? Conversation Design of a Smart Display for Older Adults Based on Politeness Theory},
	author       = {Hu, Yaxin and Qu, Yuxiao and Maus, Adam and Mutlu, Bilge},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3517525},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3517525},
	abstract     = {Conversational interfaces increasingly rely on human-like dialogue to offer a natural experience. However, relying on dialogue involving multiple exchanges for even simple tasks can overburden users, particularly older adults. In this paper, we explored the use of politeness theory in conversation design to alleviate this burden and improve user experience. To achieve this goal, we categorized the voice interaction offered by a smart display application designed for older adults into seven major speech acts: request, suggest, instruct, comment, welcome, farewell, and repair. We identified face needs for each speech act, applied politeness strategies that best address these needs, and tested the ability of these strategies to shape the perceived politeness of a voice assistant in an online study (n = 64). Based on the findings of this study, we designed direct and polite versions of the system and conducted a field study (n = 15) in which participants used each of the versions for five days at their homes. Based on five factors merged from our qualitative findings, we identified four distinctive user personas—socially oriented follower, socially oriented leader, utility oriented follower, and utility oriented leader—that can inform personalized design of smart displays.},
	articleno    = 307,
	numpages     = 15,
	keywords     = {smart displays, older adults, multimodal interaction, politeness theory, Conversation design}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3517517,
	title        = {”You Have to Prove the Threat is Real”: Understanding the Needs of Female Journalists and Activists to Document and Report Online Harassment},
	author       = {Goyal, Nitesh and Park, Leslie and Vasserman, Lucy},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3517517},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3517517},
	abstract     = {Online harassment is a major societal challenge that impacts multiple communities. Some members of community, like female journalists and activists, bear significantly higher impacts since their profession requires easy accessibility, transparency about their identity, and involves highlighting stories of injustice. Through a multi-phased qualitative research study involving a focus group and interviews with 27 female journalists and activists, we mapped the journey of a target who goes through harassment. We introduce PMCR framework, as a way to focus on needs for Prevention, Monitoring, Crisis and Recovery. We focused on Crisis and Recovery, and designed a tool to satisfy a target’s needs related to documenting evidence of harassment during the crisis and creating reports that could be shared with support networks for recovery. Finally, we discuss users’ feedback to this tool, highlighting needs for targets as they face the burden and offer recommendations to future designers and scholars on how to develop tools that can help targets manage their harassment.},
	articleno    = 242,
	numpages     = 17,
	keywords     = {Managing Online Harassment, Sensemaking, Activist, Harassment, Perspective API, Gendered Harassment, Online Harassment, Solidarity, Journalist, Feminism, Social Media, PMCR}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3517500,
	title        = {Designing Human-Agent Collaborations: Commitment, Responsiveness, and Support},
	author       = {Cila, Nazli},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3517500},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3517500},
	abstract     = {With the advancements in AI, agents (i.e., smart products, robots, software agents) are increasingly capable of working closely together with humans in a variety of ways while benefiting from each other. These human-agent collaborations have gained growing attention in the HCI community; however, the field lacks clear guidelines on how to design the agents’ behaviors in collaborations. In this paper, the qualities that are relevant for designers to create robust and pleasant human-agent collaborations were investigated. Bratman's Shared Cooperative Activity framework was used to identify the core characteristics of collaborations and survey the most important issues in the design of human-agent collaborations, namely code-of-conduct, task delegation, autonomy and control, intelligibility, common ground, offering help and requesting help. The aim of this work is to add structure to this growing and important facet of HCI research and operationalize the concept of human-agent collaboration with concrete design considerations.},
	articleno    = 420,
	numpages     = 18,
	keywords     = {autonomous agent, Shared Cooperative Activity, design, human-agent collaboration}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3517496,
	title        = {Why Did You/I Read but Not Reply? IM Users’ Unresponded-to Read-Receipt Practices and Explanations of Them},
	author       = {Chou, Yu-Ling and Lin, Yi-Hsiu and Lin, Tzu-Yi and You, Hsin Ying and Chang, Yung-Ju},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3517496},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3517496},
	abstract     = {We investigate instant-messaging (IM) users’ sense-making and practices around read-receipts: a feature of IM apps for supporting the awareness of turn-taking, i.e., whether a message recipient has read a message. Using a grounded-theory approach, we highlight the importance of five contextual factors – situational, relational, interactional, conversational, and personal – that shape the variety of IM users’ sense-making about read-receipts and strategies for utilizing them in different settings. This approach yields a 21-part typology comprising five types of senders’ speculation about why their messages with read-receipts have not been answered; eight types of recipients’ causes/reasons behind such non-response; and four types of senders’ and recipients’ subsequent strategies, respectively. Mismatches between senders’ speculations about un-responded-to read-receipted messages (URRMs) and recipients’ self-reported explanations are also discussed as sources of communicative friction. The findings reveal that, beyond indicating turn-taking, read-receipts have been leveraged as a strategic tool for various purposes in interpersonal relations.},
	articleno    = 526,
	numpages     = 15,
	keywords     = {explanation, turn-taking, responsiveness, instant messaging, texting, seen function, Read receipt, sense-making}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3517487,
	title        = {Beyond Virtual Bazaar: How Social Commerce Promotes Inclusivity for the Traditionally Underserved Community in Chinese Developing Regions},
	author       = {Chen, Zhilong and Cao, Hancheng and Lan, Xiaochong and Lu, Zhicong and Li, Yong},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3517487},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3517487},
	abstract     = {The disadvantaged population is often underserved and marginalized in technology engagement: prior works show they are generally more reluctant and experience more barriers in adopting and engaging with mainstream technology. Here, we contribute to the HCI4D and ICTD literature through a novel “counter” case study on Chinese social commerce (e.g., Pinduoduo), which 1) first prospers among the traditionally underserved community from developing regions ahead of the more technologically advantaged communities, and 2) has been heavily engaged by this community. Through 12 in-depth interviews with social commerce users from the traditionally underserved community in Chinese developing regions, we demonstrate how social commerce, acting as a “virtual bazaar”, brings online the traditional offline socioeconomic lives the community has lived for ages, fits into the community’s social, cultural, and economic context, and thus effectively promotes technology inclusivity. Our work provides novel insights and implications for building inclusive technology for the “next billion” population.},
	articleno    = 369,
	numpages     = 15,
	keywords     = {HCI4D, inclusive, underserved, bazaar, social commerce}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3517479,
	title        = {StoryBuddy: A Human-AI Collaborative Chatbot for Parent-Child Interactive Storytelling with Flexible Parental Involvement},
	author       = {Zhang, Zheng and Xu, Ying and Wang, Yanhao and Yao, Bingsheng and Ritchie, Daniel and Wu, Tongshuang and Yu, Mo and Wang, Dakuo and Li, Toby Jia-Jun},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3517479},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3517479},
	abstract     = {Despite its benefits for children’s skill development and parent-child bonding, many parents do not often engage in interactive storytelling by having story-related dialogues with their child due to limited availability or challenges in coming up with appropriate questions. While recent advances made AI generation of questions from stories possible, the fully-automated approach excludes parent involvement, disregards educational goals, and underoptimizes for child engagement. Informed by need-finding interviews and participatory design (PD) results, we developed StoryBuddy, an AI-enabled system for parents to create interactive storytelling experiences. StoryBuddy’s design highlighted the need for accommodating dynamic user needs between the desire for parent involvement and parent-child bonding and the goal of minimizing parent intervention when busy. The PD revealed varied assessment and educational goals of parents, which StoryBuddy addressed by supporting configuring question types and tracking child progress. A user study validated StoryBuddy’s usability and suggested design insights for future parent-AI collaboration systems.},
	articleno    = 218,
	numpages     = 21,
	keywords     = {dialogic reading, voice user interfaces, human-AI collaboration, child-agent interactions, interactive storytelling, co-reading}
}
@inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3517476,
	title        = {TypeOut: Leveraging Just-in-Time Self-Affirmation for Smartphone Overuse Reduction},
	author       = {Xu, Xuhai and Zou, Tianyuan and Xiao, Han and Li, Yanzhang and Wang, Ruolin and Yuan, Tianyi and Wang, Yuntao and Shi, Yuanchun and Mankoff, Jennifer and Dey, Anind K},
	year         = 2022,
	booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	location     = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
	publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address      = {New York, NY, USA},
	series       = {CHI '22},
	doi          = {10.1145/3491102.3517476},
	isbn         = 9781450391573,
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3517476},
	abstract     = {Smartphone overuse is related to a variety of issues such as lack of sleep and anxiety. We explore the application of Self-Affirmation Theory on smartphone overuse intervention in a just-in-time manner. We present TypeOut, a just-in-time intervention technique that integrates two components: an in-situ typing-based unlock process to improve user engagement, and self-affirmation-based typing content to enhance effectiveness. We hypothesize that the integration of typing and self-affirmation content can better reduce smartphone overuse. We conducted a 10-week within-subject field experiment (N=54) and compared TypeOut against two baselines: one only showing the self-affirmation content (a common notification-based intervention), and one only requiring typing non-semantic content (a state-of-the-art method). TypeOut reduces app usage by over 50%, and both app opening frequency and usage duration by over 25%, all significantly outperforming baselines. TypeOut can potentially be used in other domains where an intervention may benefit from integrating self-affirmation exercises with an engaging just-in-time mechanism.},
	articleno    = 442,
	numpages     = 17,
	keywords     = {intervention design, Smartphone overuse, self-affirmation}
}
@inproceedings{10.11

repository: HighTemplar-wjiang/Crawlers

repo_name: HighTemplar-wjiang/Crawlers