text:
negatively worded items. Our aim was to test the hypothesis that the GHQ-12 assesses both positive and negative mental health and that these domains are independent of one another. METHOD: Exploratory (EFA) and confirmatory (CFA) factor analyses were conducted using data from the British Household Panel Survey (BHPS) and the Health Survey for England (HSE). Regression models were used to assess whether associations with individual and household characteristics varied across positive and negative mental health dimensions. We also explored higher-level variance in these measures, between electoral wards. RESULTS: We found a consistent, replicable factor structure in both datasets. EFA results indicated a two-factor solution, and CFA demonstrated that this was superior to a one-factor model. These factors correspond to 'symptoms of mental disorder' and 'positive mental health'. Further analyses demonstrated independence of these factors in associations with age, gender, employment status, poor housing and household composition. Statistically significant ward-level variance was found for symptoms of mental disorder but not positive mental health. CONCLUSIONS: The GHQ-12 measures both positive and negative aspects of mental health, and although correlated, these dimensions have some independence. The GHQ-12 could be used to measure positive mental health in population-based research.},
affiliation = {Health Sciences Research Institute, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.},
number = {7},
pages = {1005--13},
volume = {37},
year = {2007},
month = {Jul},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Female, Male, Factor Analysis: Statistical, Great Britain, Adult, Humans, Research Design, Mental Health, Models: Psychological, Reproducibility of Results, Questionnaires, Health Status, Risk Factors},
date-added = {2010-03-06 10:56:32 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-03-06 10:56:35 +0100},
doi = {10.1017/S0033291707009993},
pii = {S0033291707009993},
pmid = {17274855},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Hu-2007-Psychol%20Med_Can%20the%2012-item%20Gene.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p6891},
rating = {3}
}

@article{Robert:2010p13307,
author = {Christian P Robert and Judith Rousseau},
journal = {arXiv},
title = {On Bayesian Data Analysis},
abstract = { This introduction to Bayesian statistics presents the main concepts as well as the principal reasons advocated in favour of a Bayesian modelling. We cover the various approaches to prior determination as well as the basis asymptotic arguments in favour of using Bayes estimators. The testing aspects of Bayesian inference are also examined in details. },
annote = {16 pages, 2 figures, 2 tables, chapter of the contributed volume
  "Bayesian Methods and Expert Elicitation", Risk Book, London},
eprint = {1001.4656v2},
volume = {stat.ME},
year = {2010},
month = {Jan},
keywords = {stat.ME},
date-added = {2010-07-01 18:25:47 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-07-01 18:25:47 +0200},
pmid = {1001.4656v2},
URL = {http://arxiv.org/abs/1001.4656v2},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Robert-2010-arXiv_On%20Bayesian%20Data%20Ana.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p13307},
rating = {0}
}

@misc{Ark:1998,
author = {L Andries van der Ark and P G M van der Heijden},
journal = {Miscellaneous},
title = {Graphical Display of Latent Budget Analysis and Latent Class Analysis, with Special Reference to Correspondence Analysis},
year = {1998},
date-added = {2010-01-10 11:33:18 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 20:42:55 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Andries%20van%20der%20Ark-1998-Miscellaneous_Graphical%20Display%20of.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p2045},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Wainwright:2006p12318,
author = {M J Wainwright and P Ravikumar and J D Lafferty},
journal = {NIPS},
title = {High-Dimensional Graphical Model Selection Using l1-Regularized Logistic Regression},
abstract = {We focus on the problem of estimating the graph structure associated with a discrete Markov random field. We describe a method based on l1- regularized logistic regression, in which the neighborhood of any given node is estimated by performing logistic regression subject to an l1-constraint. Our framework applies to the high-dimensional setting, in which both the number of nodes p and maximum neighborhood sizes d are allowed to grow as a function of the number of observations n. Our main result is to estab- lish sufficient conditions on the triple (n, p, d) for the method to succeed in consistently estimating the neighborhood of every node in the graph simul- taneously. Under certain mutual incoherence conditions analogous to those imposed in previous work on linear regression, we prove that consistent neighborhood selection can be obtained as long as the number of observa- tions n grows more quickly than 6d6 log d + 2d5 log p, thereby establishing that logarithmic growth in the number of samples n relative to graph size p is sufficient to achieve neighborhood consistency.},
year = {2006},
date-added = {2010-06-12 09:36:46 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:41:58 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Wainwright-2006-NIPS_High-Dimensional%20Gra.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p12318},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Kremen:2010p7647,
author = {William S Kremen and Kristen C Jacobson},
journal = {Behav Genet},
title = {Introduction to the special issue, pathways between genes, brain, and behavior},
abstract = {In the past 10 years or so, with the sequencing of the human genome and rapid advances in the development of high throughput techniques, the field of behavior genetics has increasingly moved toward the detection of actual genes and environmental factors. However, the field is still in the relatively early stages of understanding some of the basic facts about the complex genetic underpinnings of brain structure and function and their relationship to behavior. The 15 articles in this special issue were selected to represent the diversity of methodologies applied to the complexity of pathways linking genes, brain, and behavior. While providing strong evidence for the role of genes in individual differences in brain structure and function, these papers also demonstrate that environmental experiences alter neurobiological pathways, and that genetic factors may further moderate the impact of environmental experience. Most importantly, the breadth of studies proves that in order to be able to trace the pathways between genes, brain, and behavior, we need experts in genetics, neuroscience, psychology, and psychiatry.},
affiliation = {Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.},
number = {2},
pages = {111--3},
volume = {40},
year = {2010},
month = {Mar},
language = {eng},
date-added = {2010-03-15 23:18:15 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 20:09:06 +0200},
doi = {10.1007/s10519-010-9342-4},
pmid = {20155393},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Kremen-2010-Behav%20Genet_Introduction%20to%20the.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p7647},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Orlando:2002p7863,
author = {Maria Orlando and Grant N Marshall},
journal = {Psychol Assess},
title = {Differential item functioning in a Spanish translation of the PTSD checklist: detection and evaluation of impact},
abstract = {This study demonstrated the application of an innovative item response theory (IRT) based approach to evaluating measurement equivalence, comparing a newly developed Spanish version of the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist-Civilian Version (PCL-C) with the established English version. Basic principles and practical issues faced in the application of IRT methods for instrument evaluation are discussed. Data were derived from a study of the mental health consequences of community violence in both Spanish speakers (n = 102) and English speakers (n = 284). Results of differential item functioning (DIF) analyses revealed that the 2 versions were not fully equivalent on an item-by-item basis in that 6 of the 17 items displayed uniform DIF. No bias was observed, however, at the composite PCL-C scale score, indicating that the 2 language versions can be combined for scale-level analyses.},
affiliation = {RAND, 1700 Main Street, P.O. Box 2138, Santa Monica, California 90407-2138, USA. orlando@rand.org},
number = {1},
pages = {50--9},
volume = {14},
year = {2002},
month = {Mar},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Adult, Hispanic Americans, Longitudinal Studies, Translations, Reproducibility of Results, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Language, Female, Stress Disorders: Post-Traumatic, Bias (Epidemiology), Adolescent, Male, Humans},
date-added = {2010-03-20 19:02:01 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:45:39 +0200},
pmid = {11911049},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Orlando-2002-Psychol%20Assess_Differential%20item%20fu.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p7863},
rating = {4}
}

@article{Thomas:2007p883,
author = {D Roland Thomas and PengCheng Zhu and Yves J Decady},
journal = {Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics},
title = {Point Estimates and Confidence Intervals for Variable Importance in Multiple Linear Regression},
abstract = {The topic of variable importance in linear regression is reviewed, and a mea- sure first justified theoretically by Pratt (1987) is examined in detail. Asymptotic variance estimates are used to construct individual and simultaneous confidence intervals for these importance measures. A simulation study of their coverage properties is reported, and an example is provided.},
affiliation = {Carleton University},
number = {1},
pages = {61--91},
volume = {32},
year = {2007},
keywords = {relative importance, asymptotic variances, simultaneous confidence intervals, normalized Pratt measures, Bonferroni intervals},
date-added = {2010-01-03 18:15:55 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-03 18:17:53 +0100},
doi = {10.3102/1076998606298037},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Thomas-2007-Journal%20of%20Educational%20and%20Behavioral%20Statistics_Point%20Estimates%20and.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p883},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Rijmen:2002p8186,
author = {F Rijmen and Paul De Boeck},
journal = {Applied Psychological Measurement},
title = {The Random Weights Linear Logistic Test Model},
abstract = {A generalization of the linear logistic test model of G. H. Fischer (1973), the random weights linear logistic test model, is presented. The generalization consists of a random coefficient contribution of item stimulus features to the item difficulties, with the coefficients varying over persons. Whereas in the common linear logistic test model, only the intercept (ability) is considered random over persons, in the random weights linear logistic test model, also some
or all of the item stimulus features are considered as having random coefficients. It turns out that the random weights linear logistic test model is a special case of the multidimensional random coefficient multinomial logit model of Adams, Wilson, and Wang (1997). The model is applied to a deductive reasoning task.},
number = {3},
pages = {271--285},
volume = {26},
year = {2002},
date-added = {2010-03-20 19:50:45 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 20:46:12 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Rijmen-2002-Applied%20Psychological%20Measurement_The%20Random%20Weights%20L.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p8186},
rating = {5}
}

@article{Moonesinghe:2010p10032,
author = {Ramal Moonesinghe and Tiebin Liu and Muin J Khoury},
journal = {Eur J Hum Genet},
title = {Evaluation of the discriminative accuracy of genomic profiling in the prediction of common complex diseases},
abstract = {Genetic testing for susceptibility to common diseases based on a combination of genetic markers may be needed because the effect size associated with each genetic marker is small. Whether or not a genome profile based on a combination of markers could yield a useful test can be evaluated by assessing the discriminative accuracy. The authors present a simple method to calculate the clinical discriminative accuracy of a genomic profile when the relative risk and genotype frequency of each genotype are known. In addition, the clinical discriminative accuracy of a genetic test is presented for given values of the heritability and prevalence of the disease and for the population-attributable fraction of the combined genetic markers. For given values of relative risk and genotype frequency, the discriminative accuracy increases with increasing heritability but declines with increasing prevalence of the disease. For a given value of population-attributable fraction, the discriminative accuracy increases with increasing relative risks, but declines with increasing genotype frequency. On the basis of population-attributable fraction and estimates of heritability of disease, the number of risk genotypes required to have a reasonable clinical discriminative accuracy is much higher than the genome profiles available at present.},
affiliation = {Office of Minority Health and health Disparities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Mailstop E-67, 1600 Clifton Road, NE, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA. rmoonesinghe@cdc.gov},
number = {4},
pages = {485--9},
volume = {18},
year = {2010},
month = {Apr},
language = {eng},
date-added = {2010-03-31 20:02:33 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:26:28 +0200},
doi = {10.1038/ejhg.2009.209},
pii = {ejhg2009209},
pmid = {19935832},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Moonesinghe-2010-Eur%20J%20Hum%20Genet_Evaluation%20of%20the%20di.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p10032},
rating = {4}
}

@article{Viswanath:2009p8920,
author = {Biju Viswanath and Y C Janardhan Reddy and Keshav J Kumar and Thennarasu Kandavel and C R Chandrashekar},
journal = {Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry},
title = {Cognitive endophenotypes in OCD: a study of unaffected siblings of probands with familial OCD},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Impairments in executive functions and non-verbal memory are considered potential endophenotype markers of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). For the neuropsychological deficits to be considered endophenotypes, they should be demonstrable in unaffected family members. AIM: To compare the neuropsychological performance in unaffected siblings of probands with familial OCD with that of individually matched healthy controls. METHODS: Twenty-five unaffected siblings of OCD probands with familial OCD, and 25 individually matched healthy controls were assessed with tests of attention, executive function, memory and intelligence. RESULTS: Unaffected siblings showed significant deficits in tests of decision making and behavioural reversal i.e., the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) and the Delayed Alternation Test (DAT) respectively, but performed adequately in other tests. CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that the deficits in decision making and behavioural reversal could be potential endophenotypes in OCD. These deficits are consistent with the proposed neurobiological model of OCD involving the orbitofrontal cortex. Future studies could couple cognitive and imaging strategies to identify neurocognitive endophenotypes in homogenous samples of OCD.},
affiliation = {National Institute of Mental Health {\&} Neuro Sciences, Bangalore, India.},
number = {4},
pages = {610--5},
volume = {33},
year = {2009},
month = {Jun},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Intelligence, Siblings, Phenotype, Family Health, Young Adult, Attention, Adult, Male, Adolescent, Memory, Cognition, Retrospective Studies, Problem Solving, Neuropsychological Tests, Middle Aged, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Female, Humans},
date-added = {2010-03-22 13:00:22 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:45:33 +0200},
doi = {10.1016/j.pnpbp.2009.02.018},
pii = {S0278-5846(09)00057-8},
pmid = {19272409},
URL = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6TBR-4VT0X86-2&_user=2432700&_coverDate=06%252F15%252F2009&_rdoc=1&_fmt=high&_orig=search&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_acct=C000057263&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=2432700&md5=8831a301b9eceb236ce468fcb7c18730},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Viswanath-2009-Prog%20Neuropsychopharmacol%20Biol%20Psychiatry_Cognitive%20endophenot.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p8920},
rating = {0}
}

@article{VanRoy:2009p1519,
author = {P Van Roy},
title = {Programming Paradigms for Dummies: What Every Programmer Should Know},
abstract = {This chapter gives an introduction to all the main programming paradigms, their underlying concepts, and the relationships between them. We give a broad view to help programmers choose the right concepts they need to solve the problems at hand. We give a taxonomy of almost 30 useful programming paradigms and how they are related. Most of them differ only in one or a few concepts, but this can make a world of difference in programming. We explain briefly how programming paradigms influence language design, and we show two sweet spots: dual-paradigm languages and a definitive language. We introduce the main concepts of programming languages: records, closures, independence (concurrency), and named state. We explain the main principles of data abstraction and how it lets us organize large programs. Finally, we conclude by focusing on concurrency, which is widely considered the hardest concept to program with. We present four little-known but important paradigms that greatly simplify concurrent programming with respect to mainstream languages: declarative concurrency (both eager and lazy), functional reactive programming, discrete synchronous programming, and constraint programming. These paradigms have no race conditions and can be used in cases where no other paradigm works. We explain why for multi-core processors and we give several examples from computer music, which often uses these paradigms.},
year = {2009},
date-added = {2010-01-07 15:45:43 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-07 15:49:05 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Van%20Roy-2009-_Programming%20Paradigm.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1519},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Sugden:1984p6316,
author = {R A Sugden and T M F Smith},
journal = {Biometrika},
title = {Ignorable and Informative Designs in Survey Sampling Inference},
abstract = {The role of the sample selection mechanism in a model-based approach to finite population inference is examined. When the data analyst has only partial information on the sample design then a design which is ignorable when known fully may become informative. Conditions under which partially known designs can be ignored are established and examined for some standard designs. The results are illustrated by an example used by Scott (1977).},
number = {3},
pages = {495--506},
volume = {71},
year = {1984},
date-added = {2010-02-20 21:11:19 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-02-20 21:12:05 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Sugden-1984-Biometrika_Ignorable%20and%20Inform.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p6316},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Yeager:2006p7282,
author = {D M Yeager and Dana A Glei and Melanie Au and Hui-Sheng Lin and Richard P Sloan and Maxine Weinstein},
journal = {Soc Sci Med},
title = {Religious involvement and health outcomes among older persons in Taiwan},
abstract = {We use data from a nationally representative, longitudinal survey of older Taiwanese to examine the relationship between religious involvement-including religious affiliation, religious attendance, beliefs, and religious practices-and self-reported measures of overall health status, mobility limitations, depressive symptoms, and cognitive function; clinical measures of systolic and diastolic blood pressure, serum interleukin-6, and 12-h urinary cortisol; and 4-year mortality. Frequency of religious attendance shows the strongest, most consistent association with health outcomes. But, with only one exception, this relationship disappears in the presence of controls for health behaviors, social networks, and prior health status. Religious attendance remains significantly associated with lower mortality even after controlling for prior self-assessed health status, but the coefficient is substantially reduced. Other aspects of religiosity are only sporadically associated with health and, in all cases, private religious practices and stronger beliefs are associated with worse health; again, this relationship disappears after controlling for prior health status. These results suggest that reverse causality may partly account for both the positive and negative correlations between religiosity and health. We find no significant associations between religious involvement and biological markers. Notably, even after controlling for prior health, participation in social activities has a more robust effect on health than religious attendance. Consequently, we question whether the purported health benefits are attributable to religion or to social activity in general.},
affiliation = {Department of Theology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA. yeagerd@georgetown.edu},
number = {8},
pages = {2228--41},
volume = {63},
year = {2006},
month = {Oct},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Aged: 80 and over, Mortality, Prospective Studies, Biological Markers, Aged, Health Surveys, Health Behavior, Female, Self Assessment (Psychology), Humans, Male, Religion and Psychology, Health Status Indicators, Aging, Survival Analysis, Taiwan, Middle Aged, Social Support},
date-added = {2010-03-10 20:14:28 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-03-10 20:14:28 +0100},
doi = {10.1016/j.socscimed.2006.05.007},
pii = {S0277-9536(06)00259-0},
pmid = {16797809},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Yeager-2006-Soc%20Sci%20Med_Religious%20involvemen.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p7282},
rating = {0}
}

@article{deLeeuw:2003p4270,
author = {Jan de Leeuw and G Michailidis},
title = {Weber correspondence analysis: The one-dimensional case},
year = {2003},
date-added = {2010-01-23 21:37:56 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 20:45:39 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/de%20Leeuw-2003-_Weber%20correspondence.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p4270},
rating = {0}
}

@article{deLeeuw:2005p14012,
author = {Jan de Leeuw},
journal = {Journal of Statistical Software},
title = {On Abandoning XLISP-STAT},
abstract = {In 1998 the UCLA Department of Statistics, which had been one of the major users of Lisp-Stat, and one of the main producers of Lisp-Stat code, decided to switch to S/R. This paper discusses why this decision was made, and what the pros and the cons were.},
number = {7},
volume = {13},
year = {2005},
date-added = {2010-08-04 09:37:33 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-08-04 09:38:17 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/de%20Leeuw-2005-Journal%20of%20Statistical%20Software_On%20Abandoning%20XLISP.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p14012},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Ma:2008p14304,
author = {Shuangge Ma and Jian Huang},
journal = {Brief Bioinformatics},
title = {Penalized feature selection and classification in bioinformatics},
abstract = {In bioinformatics studies, supervised classification with high-dimensional input variables is frequently encountered. Examples routinely arise in genomic, epigenetic and proteomic studies. Feature selection can be employed along with classifier construction to avoid over-fitting, to generate more reliable classifier and to provide more insights into the underlying causal relationships. In this article, we provide a review of several recently developed penalized feature selection and classification techniques--which belong to the family of embedded feature selection methods--for bioinformatics studies with high-dimensional input. Classification objective functions, penalty functions and computational algorithms are discussed. Our goal is to make interested researchers aware of these feature selection and classification methods that are applicable to high-dimensional bioinformatics data.},
affiliation = {Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Yale University, USA. shuangge.ma@yale.edu},
number = {5},
pages = {392--403},
volume = {9},
year = {2008},
month = {Sep},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Cluster Analysis, Artificial Intelligence, Models: Biological, Software, Algorithms, Pattern Recognition: Automated, Computer Simulation, Computational Biology},
date-added = {2010-08-24 14:22:17 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-08-24 14:22:26 +0200},
doi = {10.1093/bib/bbn027},
pii = {bbn027},
pmid = {18562478},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Ma-2008-Brief%20Bioinformatics_Penalized%20feature%20se.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p14304},
rating = {3}
}

@article{Luciano:2010p7664,
author = {Michelle Luciano and Lorna M Houlihan and Sarah E Harris and Alan J Gow and Caroline Hayward and John M Starr and Ian J Deary},
journal = {Behav Genet},
title = {Association of Existing and New Candidate Genes for Anxiety, Depression and Personality Traits in Older People},
abstract = {Genetic variants that have previously been associated with personality traits and/or psychological distress, or inflammatory marker levels were investigated for their relationship to self-rated personality traits, anxiety, and depression in two elderly Scottish cohorts. Ten genes (29 SNPs) were investigated in the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936 (~70 years, N = 1,091). Four of these genes and seven others (35 SNPs) were tested in the Lothian Birth Cohort 1921 who were measured on the same traits and states on two occasions (~80 years, N = 550; 87 years, N = 229). For previously investigated candidate genes, some support (at a nominal significance level of 0.05/0.01) was found for association between NOS1 and personality traits (especially extraversion), PSEN1 and depression/neuroticism, and GRIK3 and depression. Of the inflammatory marker candidate genes, TF showed some association with psychological distress. No SNPs withstood the correction to significance level for multiple testing. Nevertheless, the results will be of importance to future meta-analyses of these candidate genes in relation to psychological distress and personality.},
affiliation = {Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, Scotland, UK, michelle.luciano@ed.ac.uk.},
pages = {},
year = {2010},
month = {Jan},
language = {ENG},
date-added = {2010-03-15 23:41:35 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 20:09:06 +0200},
doi = {10.1007/s10519-009-9326-4},
pmid = {20052609},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Luciano-2010-Behav%20Genet_Association%20of%20Exist.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p7664},
rating = {3}
}

@article{Fombonne:2002p6119,
author = {E Fombonne},
journal = {Mol Psychiatry},
title = {Epidemiological trends in rates of autism},
affiliation = {Division of Child Psychiatry, The Montreal Children's Hospital, McGill University, 4018 St Catherine Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3Z 1P2, Canada. eric.fombonne@mcgill.ca},
pages = {S4--6},
volume = {7 Suppl 2},
year = {2002},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Morbidity, Child, Male, Infant, Sex Ratio, Epilepsy, Child: Preschool, Cohort Studies, Mental Retardation, Infant: Newborn, Female, Adolescent, Humans, Prevalence, Incidence, Confounding Factors (Epidemiology), Autistic Disorder},
date-added = {2010-02-19 17:07:17 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-02-19 17:07:17 +0100},
doi = {10.1038/sj.mp.4001162},
pmid = {12142931},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p6119},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Curtis:2001,
author = {D D Curtis},
journal = {International Education Journal},
title = {Misfits: People and their problems. What might it all mean?},
number = {4},
pages = {91--99},
volume = {2},
year = {2001},
date-added = {2010-01-10 11:33:17 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-10 11:33:25 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Curtis-2001-International%20Education%20Journal_Misfits%20People%20and.PDF},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p2075},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Embretson:2010p5523,
author = {S E Embretson},
title = {Issues in the measurement of cognitive abilities},
date-added = {2010-02-12 15:19:03 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-02-12 15:19:40 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Embretson--_Issues%20in%20the%20measur.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p5523},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Bretz:2009p1763,
author = {Frank Bretz and Franz Koenig and Werner Brannath and Ekkehard Glimm and Martin Posch},
journal = {Stat Med},
title = {Adaptive designs for confirmatory clinical trials},
abstract = {Adaptive designs play an increasingly important role in clinical drug development. Such designs use accumulating data of an ongoing trial to decide how to modify design aspects without undermining the validity and integrity of the trial. Adaptive designs thus allow for a number of possible adaptations at midterm: Early stopping either for futility or success, sample size reassessment, change of population, etc. A particularly appealing application is the use of adaptive designs in combined phase II/III studies with treatment selection at interim. The expectation has arisen that carefully planned and conducted studies based on adaptive designs increase the efficiency of the drug development process by making better use of the observed data, thus leading to a higher information value per patient.In this paper we focus on adaptive designs for confirmatory clinical trials. We review the adaptive design methodology for a single null hypothesis and how to perform adaptive designs with multiple hypotheses using closed test procedures. We report the results of an extensive simulation study to evaluate the operational characteristics of the various methods. A case study and related numerical examples are used to illustrate the key results. In addition we provide a detailed discussion of current methods to calculate point estimates and confidence intervals for relevant parameters.},
affiliation = {Novartis Pharma AG, Lichtstrasse 35, 4002 Basel, Switzerland. franz.koeing@meduniwien.ac.at},
number = {8},
pages = {1181--217},
volume = {28},
year = {2009},
month = {Apr},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Research Design, Clinical Trials: Phase II as Topic, Anxiety Disorders, Humans, Clinical Trials: Phase III as Topic, Sample Size, Anti-Anxiety Agents, Computer Simulation},
date-added = {2010-01-09 21:21:17 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-09 21:21:17 +0100},
doi = {10.1002/sim.3538},
pmid = {19206095},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Bretz-2009-Stat%20Med_Adaptive%20designs%20for.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1763},
rating = {0}
}

@article{vanPareren:2004p7938,
author = {Yvonne K van Pareren and Hugo J Duivenvoorden and Froukje S M Slijper and Hans M Koot and Anita C S Hokken-Koelega},
journal = {J Clin Endocrinol Metab},
title = {Intelligence and psychosocial functioning during long-term growth hormone therapy in children born small for gestational age},
abstract = {Short stature is not the only problem faced by small for gestational age (SGA) children. Being born SGA has also been associated with lowered intelligence, poor academic performance, low social competence, and behavioral problems. Although GH treatment in short children born SGA can result in a normalization of height during childhood, the effect of GH treatment on intelligence and psychosocial functioning remains to be investigated. We show the longitudinal results of a randomized, double-blind, GH-dose response study initiated in 1991 to follow growth, intelligence quotient (IQ), and psychosocial functioning in SGA children during long-term GH treatment. Patients were assigned to one of two treatment groups (1 or 2 mg GH/m(2) body surface.d, or approximately 0.035 or 0.07 mg/kg.d). Intelligence and psychosocial functioning were evaluated at start of GH treatment (n = 74), after 2 yr of GH treatment (n = 76), and in 2001 (n = 53). IQ was assessed by a short-form Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised or Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (Block-design and Vocabulary subtests). Behavioral problems were measured by the Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist or Young Adult Behavior Checklist, and self-perception was measured by the Harter Self-Perception Profile. Mean (sem) birth length sd score was -3.6 (0.2), mean age and height at start was 7.4 (0.2) yr and -3.0 (0.1) sd score, respectively, mean duration of GH treatment was 8.0 (0.2) yr, and mean age in 2001 was 16.5 (0.3) yr. After 2 yr of GH treatment, 96% of both GH groups showed a height gain sd score of 1 sd from the start of treatment or more, resulting in a normal height (i.e. height >/= -2.0 sd for age and sex) in 70% of the children. In 2001, 48 (91%) of the 53 children participating in this study had reached a normal height. Block-design s-score and the estimated total IQ significantly increased (P < 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively) from scores significantly lower than Dutch peers at start (P < 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively) to comparable scores in 2001. The increase over time for the Vocabulary s-score was not significant. Internalizing Behavior sd scores remained comparable to Dutch peers, whereas Externalizing Behavior sd scores and Total Problem Behavior sd scores improved significantly during GH therapy (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05, respectively) to scores comparable to Dutch peers. Self-perception sd scores improved from start of GH treatment until 2001 (P < 0.001) to scores significantly higher than Dutch peers (P < 0.05). No significant differences between the two GH dosage groups were found. Improvement in Externalizing and Total Problem Behavior sd scores over time was significantly related to change in height sd score (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively), whereas scores over time for Vocabulary, Block-design, Internalizing, or total Harter Self-Perception score were not related to change in height sd scores. In conclusion, parallel to a GH-induced catch-up growth in adolescents born SGA, IQ, behavior, and self-perception showed a significant improvement over time from scores below average to scores comparable to Dutch peers. In addition, children whose height over time became closer to that of their peers showed less problem behavior.},
affiliation = {Sophia Children's Hospital/Erasmus MC, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, Dr. Molewaterplein 60, 3015 GJ Rotterdam, The Netherlands.},
number = {11},
pages = {5295--302},
volume = {89},
year = {2004},
month = {Nov},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Child Behavior, Head, Infant: Small for Gestational Age, Intelligence, Human Growth Hormone, Infant: Newborn, Self Concept, Body Height, Humans, Male, Child, Female, Double-Blind Method},
date-added = {2010-03-20 19:26:46 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-03-20 19:26:46 +0100},
doi = {10.1210/jc.2003-031187},
pii = {89/11/5295},
pmid = {15531473},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/van%20Pareren-2004-J%20Clin%20Endocrinol%20Metab_Intelligence%20and%20psy.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p7938},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Miller:2008p8408,
author = {Edward Alan Miller and Lon S Schneider and Arthur Zbrozek and Robert A Rosenheck},
journal = {Value Health},
title = {Sociodemographic and clinical correlates of utility scores in Alzheimer's disease},
abstract = {OBJECTIVES: To examine the relationship between psychiatric symptoms, cognitive performance, functional capacity and quality of life in Alzheimer's disease (AD), and change in the Health Utilities Index (HUI)-Mark III, a widely used generic, multiattribute preference-based health-status classification system. METHODS: Follow-up data were obtained from caregiver proxy raters at 3, to 6, and 9-months postrandom assignment concerning 421 patients with AD, living with at least one caregiver in a noninstitutional setting, who participated in the Clinical Antipsychotic Trial of Intervention Effectiveness-AD of antipsychotic medication. Spearman rank correlations, multivariate linear regression, and mixed modeling were used to examine the correlates of change in the HUI. RESULTS: HUI scores decreased by an average of -0.061 over 9 months. Analysis revealed weak bivariate, and largely, nonsignificant multivariate relationships between change in HUI scores and sociodemographic characteristics, psychiatric symptoms, and cognitive performance. There were highly significant associations between decreases in health utilities and change in the AD Cooperative Study for Activities of Daily Living scale (ADCS-ADL) and AD-Related Quality of Life (ADRQoL) (both P < 0.001), even after controlling for other factors. Adjusted R(2) values ranged from 0.14 to 0.20. CONCLUSION: In AD patients requiring antipsychotic treatment, only weak relationships were found between changes in the HUI and sociodemographic and clinical indicators. While functional capability and quality of life showed more significant associations, less than 20% of the variance in health utility could be explained. Significant cognitive impairment and the need to rely on proxy raters may limit the usefulness of utility measurement in AD patients with serious behavioral symptoms.},
affiliation = {Brown University, Providence, RI 02912-1977, USA. edward_a_miller@brown.edu},
number = {7},
pages = {1120--30},
volume = {11},
year = {2008},
month = {Dec},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Antipsychotic Agents, Severity of Illness Index, Alzheimer Disease, Middle Aged, Psychotic Disorders, Female, Prospective Studies, Activities of Daily Living, Male, Aged, Aged: 80 and over, Humans, Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, Quality-Adjusted Life Years},
date-added = {2010-03-21 17:49:39 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-03-21 17:49:39 +0100},
doi = {10.1111/j.1524-4733.2008.00351.x},
pii = {VHE351},
pmid = {18489496},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p8408},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Bauer:2010p1716,
author = {Peter Bauer and Franz Koenig and Werner Brannath and Martin Posch},
journal = {Stat Med},
title = {Selection and bias--two hostile brothers},
abstract = {We consider the situation where in a first stage of a clinical trial several treatments are compared with a single control and the 'best' treatment(s) are selected in an interim analysis to be carried on to the second stage. We quantify the mean bias and mean square error of the conventional estimates after selection depending on the number of treatments and the selection time during the trial. The cases without or with reshuffling the planned sample size of the dropped treatments to the selected ones are investigated. The mean bias shows very different patterns depending on the selection rule and the unknown parameter values. We stress the fact that the quantification of the bias is possible only in designs with planned adaptivity where the design allows reacting to new evidence, but the decision rules are laid down in advance. Finally, we calculate the mean bias which arises in a simple but influential regulatory selection rule, to register a new medical therapy only when two pivotal trials have both proven an effect by a statistical test.},
affiliation = {Section of Medical Statistics, Core Unit for Medical Statistics and Informatics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.},
number = {1},
pages = {1--13},
volume = {29},
year = {2010},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
date-added = {2010-01-09 19:28:35 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-09 19:28:35 +0100},
doi = {10.1002/sim.3716},
pmid = {19844944},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Bauer-2010-Stat%20Med_Selection%20and%20bias.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1716},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Smith:1988p6313,
author = {T M F Smith},
journal = {Bayesian Statistics},
title = {To weight or not to weight, that is the question},
pages = {437--451},
volume = {3},
year = {1988},
date-added = {2010-02-20 21:08:19 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-02-20 21:09:23 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Smith-1988-Bayesian%20Statistics_To%20weight%20or%20not%20to.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p6313},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Maitra:2010p12945,
author = {R Maitra and I P Ramler},
title = {A k-mean-directions Algorithm for Fast Clustering of Data on the Sphere},
abstract = {A k-means-type algorithm is proposed for efficiently clustering data constrained to lie on the surface of a p-dimensional unit sphere, or data that are mean-zero-unit-variance standard- ized observations such as those that occur when using Euclidean distance to cluster time-series gene expression data using a correlation metric. We also provide methodology to initialize the algorithm and to estimate the number of clusters in the dataset. Results from a detailed series of experiments show excellent performance, even with very large datasets. The methodology is applied to the analysis of the mitotic cell division cycle of budding yeast dataset of Cho, Campbell, Winzeler, Steinmetz, Conway, Widicka, Wolfsberg, Gabrielian, Landsman, Lock- hart and Davis (1998). The entire dataset has not been analyzed previously, so our analysis provides an understanding for the complete set of genes acting in concert and differentially. We also use our methodology on the submitted abstracts of oral presentations made at the 2008 Joint Statistical Meetings (JSM) to identify similar topics. Our identified groups are both interpretable and distinct and the methodology provides a possible automated tool for efficient parallel scheduling of presentations at professional meetings.},
date-added = {2010-06-25 21:57:25 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-06-25 22:00:06 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Maitra--_A%20k-mean-directions.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p12945},
rating = {4}
}

@article{Devouche:2003,
author = {E Devouche},
journal = {Psychologie et Psychom{\'e}trie},
title = {Les banques d'items. Construction d'une banque pour le Test de Connaissance du Fran{\c c}ais},
pages = {57--88},
volume = {24},
year = {2003},
date-added = {2010-01-10 11:33:19 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-10 11:33:25 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Devouche-2003-Psychologie%20et%20Psychom%C3%A9trie_Les%20banques%20d'items.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p2125},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Monahan:2007p5157,
author = {P O Monahan and C A McHorney and T E Stump and A J Perkins},
journal = {Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics},
title = {Odds Ratio, Delta, ETS Classification, and Standardization Measures of DIF Magnitude for Binary Logistic Regression},
abstract = {Previous methodological and applied studies that used binary logistic regres- sion (LR) for detection of differential item functioning (DIF) in dichotomously scored items either did not report an effect size or did not employ several useful measures of DIF magnitude derived from the LR model. Equations are provided for these effect size indices. Using two large data sets, the authors demonstrate the usefulness of these effect sizes for judging practical importance: the LR adjusted odds ratio and its conversions to the delta metric, the Educational Test- ing Service (ETS) classification system, and the p metric; the LR model-based standardization indices, using various weights for averaging stratum-specific differences in fitted probabilities; and a p metric classification system. Pros and cons of these effect sizes are discussed. Recommendations are offered. These LR effect sizes will be valuable to practitioners, particularly for preventing flagging of statistically significant but practically unimportant DIF in large samples.},
number = {1},
pages = {92--109},
volume = {32},
year = {2007},
date-added = {2010-02-07 12:18:33 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-02-07 12:19:38 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Monahan-2007-Journal%20of%20Educational%20and%20Behavioral%20Statistics_Odds%20Ratio%20Delta%20E.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p5157},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Sundberg:2009p6390,
author = {Tobias Sundberg and Max Petzold and Per W{\"a}ndell and Anna Ryd{\'e}n and Torkel Falkenberg},
journal = {BMC Complement Altern Med},
title = {Exploring integrative medicine for back and neck pain - a pragmatic randomised clinical pilot trial},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: A model for integrative medicine (IM) adapted to Swedish primary care was previously developed. The aim of this study was to explore the feasibility of a pragmatic randomised clinical trial to investigate the effectiveness of the IM model versus conventional primary care in the management of patients with non-specific back/neck pain. Specific objectives included the exploration of recruitment and retention rates, patient and care characteristics, clinical differences and effect sizes between groups, selected outcome measures and power calculations to inform the basis of a full-scale trial. METHODS: Eighty patients with back/neck pain of at least two weeks duration were randomised to the two types of care. Outcome measures were standardised health related quality of life (the eight domains of SF-36) complemented by a set of exploratory "IM tailored" outcomes targeting self-rated disability, stress and well-being (0-10 scales); days in pain (0-14); and the use of analgesics and health care over the last two weeks (yes/no). Data on clinical management were derived from medical records. Outcome changes from baseline to follow-up after 16 weeks were used to explore the differences between the groups. RESULTS: Seventy-five percent (80/107) of screened patients in general practice were eligible and feasible to enroll into the trial. Eighty-two percent (36/44) of the integrative and 75% (27/36) of the conventional care group completed follow-up after 16 weeks. Most patients had back/neck pain of at least three months duration. Conventional care typically comprised advice and prescription of analgesics, occasionally complemented with sick leave or a written referral to physiotherapy. IM care generally integrated seven treatment sessions from two different types of complementary therapies with conventional care over ten weeks. The study was underpowered to detect any statistically significant differences between the groups. One SF-36 domain showed a clinically relevant difference between groups that was also supported by a small distribution based effect size, i.e. vitality (-7.3 points, Cohen's d -0.34) which was in favour of IM. There was a clinical trend between groups showing that IM contributed to less use of prescription and non-prescription analgesics (-11.7 and - 9.7 percent units respectively) compared to conventional care. Exploring clinically relevant differences and the SF-36 as the basis for a main outcome measure showed that the sample sizes needed per arm to adequately power a full-scale trial depended on the target domain, i.e. ranging from 60 (vitality) to 339 (role emotion). CONCLUSION: This pilot study investigated the implementation of IM in the primary care management of non-specific back and neck pain. Recruiting patients and implementing IM in routine clinical practice was feasible. The results warrant further exploration into different perspectives and relevant combinations of outcome measures including the use of health resources, drugs and cost-effectiveness to help understand the relevance of IM in primary care. Future research should prioritize larger scale studies considering variability, pain duration and small to moderate treatment effects. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinical trials NCT00565942.},
affiliation = {Unit for Studies of Integrative Health Care - Karolinska Institutet, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Nursing, Huddinge, Sweden. tobias.sundberg@ki.se},
pages = {33},
volume = {9},
year = {2009},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Treatment Outcome, Adult, Back Pain, Humans, Integrative Medicine, Analgesics, Neck Pain, Pilot Projects, Female, Male, Patient Selection, Complementary Therapies, Feasibility Studies, Outcome Assessment (Health Care), Middle Aged},
date-added = {2010-02-23 08:26:24 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-02-23 08:26:24 +0100},
doi = {10.1186/1472-6882-9-33},
pii = {1472-6882-9-33},
pmid = {19735542},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p6390},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Antoch:2008p12028,
author = {J Antoch},
journal = {Computer Science Review},
title = {Environment for statistical computing},
abstract = {This paper is a short exposition on the current state of art as far as statistical software is concerned. The main aims are to take a look at current tendencies in information technologies for statistics and data analysis, especially for describing selected programs and systems.
We start with statistical packages, i.e. a suite of computer programs that are specialized in statistical analysis, to enable people to obtain the results of standard statistical procedures without requiring low-level numerical programming, and to provide facilities of data management. A big surprise for many statisticians is that the most typical representative in this domain is Microsoft Excel. Aside from that, we touch upon a few commercial packages, a few general public license packages, and a few analysis packages with statistics add-ons.
An integrated environment for statistical computing and graphics is essential for developing and understanding new techniques in statistics. Such an environment must essentially be a programming language. Therefore, we take a closer look at several typical representatives of these types of programmes, and on a few general purpose languages with statistics libraries.
However, there exists quite a clear distinction between practical and theoretical approaches to most statistical work. The majority of software products for statistics are on the practical side, using numerical and graphical methods to provide the user access to existing methods. On the other hand, software packages specifically designed just for pure statistical--mathematical modelling do not exist. Nevertheless, all available computer algebra and/or mathematical systems offer tools for theoretical statistical work. Therefore, we take a look at some possibilities in this area.
Finally, we summarize several major driving forces that will influence, according to our strong belief, the statistical software development process in the near future. Due to limited space, these discussions are cursory in nature for the most part. This paper is based on the personal experience of the author as described in [J. Antoch, Series of papers on statistical software and environments for statistical computing (in Czech for the Czech Statistical Society Newsletter and other publications). [1]] and on the information available on Internet. Very good and interesting source of information is especially Google search machine [Google search machine. [12]], Wikipedia [Wikipedia, a multilingual web- based, free content encyclopedia project. [25]] and the journal Scientific Computing World [Scientific Computing World Journal. [22]].},
pages = {113--122},
volume = {2},
year = {2008},
date-added = {2010-05-24 10:21:34 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-05-24 10:22:28 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Antoch-2008-Computer%20Science%20Review_Environment%20for%20stat.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p12028},
rating = {5}
}

@article{Friedman:2010p14211,
author = {J H Friedman},
title = {Data Mining and Statistics: What's the connection},
date-added = {2010-08-22 20:26:05 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-08-22 20:26:57 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Friedman--_Data%20Mining%20and%20Stat.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p14211},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Loehlin:2010p7661,
author = {John C Loehlin},
journal = {Behav Genet},
title = {Is There an Active Gene-Environment Correlation in Adolescent Drinking Behavior?},
abstract = {A scale based on alcohol-related behaviors and an item on shared friends from the National Merit Twin Study were used in an attempt to confirm the finding of Cleveland et al. (1995, J Genet Psychol 166:153-169) of gene-environment correlation in adolescents' drinking behavior, a correlation based on the differential selection of peers. Results from samples of 490 MZ and 336 same-sex DZ pairs were consistent in direction with the hypothesis, although quantitatively modest. This consistency appeared, however, to depend entirely on the female twins in the sample.},
affiliation = {Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station A8000, Austin, TX, 78712-0187, USA, loehlin@psy.utexas.edu.},
pages = {},
year = {2010},
month = {Mar},
language = {ENG},
date-added = {2010-03-15 23:40:26 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 20:09:06 +0200},
doi = {10.1007/s10519-010-9347-z},
pmid = {20213348},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Loehlin-2010-Behav%20Genet_Is%20There%20an%20Active%20G.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p7661},
rating = {4}
}

@article{Pyne:1997p8548,
author = {J M Pyne and T L Patterson and R M Kaplan and J C Gillin and W L Koch and I Grant},
journal = {Psychiatr Serv},
title = {Assessment of the quality of life of patients with major depression},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: This study examined the relationship between a measure of quality of life and measures of depressive symptoms among patients with major depression. METHODS: One hundred patients with primary major depression and 61 control subjects from the San Diego Veterans Affairs Medical Center and surrounding area were compared using a variety of measures, including the Quality of Well-Being (QWB) scale, the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, and the Beck Depression Inventory. RESULTS: After analyses controlled for age, gender, family history of mental illness, and comorbid axis III diagnosis, subjects' scores on the QWB were significantly correlated with their scores on the Hamilton scale and Beck inventory. The severity of depressive symptoms was inversely related to quality of life as measured by the QWB, independent of the variables that were controlled for. CONCLUSIONS: The QWB is sensitive to symptoms of depression among patients diagnosed with major depression. The reduction in quality of life associated with psychiatric symptoms of depression is comparable to that observed among physically ill patients.},
affiliation = {Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry, San Diego, CA 92161, USA.},
number = {2},
pages = {224--30},
volume = {48},
year = {1997},
month = {Feb},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Quality of Life, Depressive Disorder, Middle Aged, Hospitals: Veterans, Reproducibility of Results, Ambulatory Care, Adult, California, Psychometrics, Personality Inventory, Sick Role, Aged, Humans, Veterans, Female, Male, Patient Admission},
date-added = {2010-03-21 21:26:43 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:45:23 +0200},
pmid = {9021855},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Pyne-1997-Psychiatr%20Serv_Assessment%20of%20the%20qu.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p8548},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Hertzog:2003p5492,
author = {Christopher Hertzog and John R Nesselroade},
journal = {Psychol Aging},
title = {Assessing psychological change in adulthood: an overview of methodological issues},
abstract = {This article reviews the current status of methods available for the analysis of psychological change in adulthood and aging. Enormous progress has been made in designing statistical models that can capture key aspects of intraindividual change, as reflected in techniques such as latent growth curve models and multilevel (random-effects) models. However, the rapid evolution of statistical innovations may have obscured the critical importance of addressing rival explanations for statistical outcomes, such as cohort differences or practice effects that could influence estimates of age-related change. Choice of modeling technique and implementation of a specific modeling approach should be grounded in and reflect both the theoretical nature of the developmental phenomenon and the features of the sampling design that selected persons, variables, and contexts for empirical observation.},
affiliation = {School of Psychology, Georgia Institute of Technology, 654 Cherry Street, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0170, USA. christopher.hertzog@psych.gatech.edu},
number = {4},
pages = {639--57},
volume = {18},
year = {2003},
month = {Dec},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Middle Aged, Adult, Aged, Longitudinal Studies, Models: Psychological, Humans, Research Design, Aging, Psychometrics},
date-added = {2010-02-12 14:45:06 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-02-12 14:45:06 +0100},
doi = {10.1037/0882-7974.18.4.639},
pii = {2003-10465-002},
pmid = {14692854},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p5492},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Leyland:2010p13261,
author = {Alastair H Leyland},
journal = {Eur J Public Health},
title = {Methodological challenges in the evaluation of community interventions},
number = {3},
pages = {242--3},
volume = {20},
year = {2010},
month = {Jun},
language = {eng},
date-added = {2010-07-01 18:20:28 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-07-01 18:20:28 +0200},
doi = {10.1093/eurpub/ckq058},
pii = {ckq058},
pmid = {20472905},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Leyland-2010-Eur%20J%20Public%20Health_Methodological%20chall.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p13261},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Pedersen:1991p12187,
author = {W Pedersen},
journal = {Br J Addict},
title = {Mental health, sensation seeking and drug use patterns: a longitudinal study},
abstract = {To examine the longitudinal stability of mental health and sensation seeking, a sample of 553 adolescents aged 16-18 years, was followed over a period of 20 months. Further, the predictive power of the two constructs with regard to future drug use was investigated. The stability of reported mental health was relatively low. Accordingly, the variable was a poor predictor of future drug use. Sensation seeking, however, had a relatively high degree of stability. In addition, the different subdimensions of the trait were strong predictors of future drug use: 'Disinhibition' (DIS) was a general drug use factor in both sexes. 'Thrill and adventure seeking' (TAS) predicted moderate alcohol consumption in boys. 'Experience seeking' (ES) predicted cannabis use in boys. A separate analysis of those who seek a milieu highly exposed to cannabis, without themselves using the substance, revealed interesting sex differences: the boys in this situation had sensation seeking scores and mental health which were not different from other adolescents. However, the girls had high DIS and ES scores and also poor mental health. Possible interpretations of this finding are discussed.},
affiliation = {Department of Psychiatry, University of Oslo, Norway.},
number = {2},
pages = {195--204},
volume = {86},
year = {1991},
month = {Feb},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Longitudinal Studies, Humans, Male, Adaptation: Psychological, Norway, Arousal, Cross-Sectional Studies, Life Style, Personality Development, Incidence, Adolescent, Female, Substance-Related Disorders},
date-added = {2010-05-30 10:45:06 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-05-30 10:45:06 +0200},
pmid = {2021702},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p12187},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Henderson:2003p1680,
author = {Sheila E Henderson and Leslie Henderson},
journal = {Neural Plast},
title = {Toward an understanding of developmental coordination disorder: terminological and diagnostic issues},
abstract = {Awareness of children who experience unexpected difficulty in the acquisition of motor skills has increased dramatically over the last twenty years. Although the positing of a distinct syndrome has proven seminal in provoking further questions, several basic terminological problems remain unresolved. In this paper, we conduct a component analysis of the three, principal competing labels for this disorder, two of them being elements derived from systematic diagnostic frameworks. Our preference for the DSM IV term Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) is stated and justified. Problems in diagnosis are discussed, especially in relation to the etiology-dominated medical model. We argue that an attempt should be made to identify (pathological) positive signs that can reliably be detected rather than relying entirely on normative evidence of a lack of skills exhibited by other children of the same age. The high degree of overlap between DCD and other developmental disorders suggests that DCD might not constitute a distinct syndrome. In this context, we emphasize the need to determine whether incoordination takes a different form when it occurs alone or whether it is combined with general developmental delay or with other specific disorders in children of normal intelligence.},
affiliation = {School of Psychology and Human Development, Institute of Education, University of London, United Kingdom.},
number = {1-2},
pages = {1--13},
volume = {10},
year = {2003},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Developmental Disabilities, Terminology as Topic, Child, Intelligence, Humans, Motor Skills Disorders, Comorbidity, Child: Preschool},
date-added = {2010-01-08 22:26:35 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-08 22:26:35 +0100},
doi = {10.1155/NP.2003.1},
pmid = {14640303},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Henderson-2003-Neural%20Plast_Toward%20an%20understand.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1680},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Jones:2007p6285,
author = {L V Jones and D Thissen},
title = {A history and overview of Psychometrics},
year = {2007},
date-added = {2010-02-20 19:56:09 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-02-20 19:56:50 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Jones-2007-_A%20history%20and%20overvi.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p6285},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Zijlstra:2004p2439,
author = {W Zijlstra},
title = {Comparing the Student's t and the ANOVA contrast procedure with five alternative procedures},
year = {2004},
date-added = {2010-01-11 23:48:51 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-11 23:49:20 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Zijlstra-2004-_Comparing%20the%20Studen.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p2439},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Montazeri:2007p8370,
author = {Ali Montazeri and Behnaz Torkan and Sepideh Omidvari},
journal = {BMC Psychiatry},
title = {The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS): translation and validation study of the Iranian version},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) is a widely used instrument to measure postnatal depression. This study aimed to translate and to test the reliability and validity of the EPDS in Iran. METHODS: The English language version of the EPDS was translated into Persian (Iranian language) and was used in this study. The questionnaire was administered to a consecutive sample of 100 women with normal (n = 50) and caesarean section (n = 50) deliveries at two points in time: 6 to 8 weeks and 12 to 14 weeks after delivery. Statistical analysis was performed to test the reliability and validity of the EPDS. RESULTS: Overall 22% of women at time 1 and 18% at time 2 reported experiencing postpartum depression. In general, the Iranian version of the EPDS was found to be acceptable to almost all women. Cronbach's alpha coefficient (to test reliability) was found to be 0.77 at time 1 and 0.86 at time 2. In addition, test-rest reliability was performed and the intraclass correlation coefficient was found to be 0.80. Validity as performed using known groups comparison showed satisfactory results. The questionnaire discriminated well between sub-groups of women differing in mode of delivery in the expected direction. The factor analysis indicated a three-factor structure that jointly accounted for 58% of the variance. CONCLUSION: This preliminary validation study of the Iranian version of the EPDS proved that it is an acceptable, reliable and valid measure of postnatal depression. It seems that the EPDS not only measures postpartum depression but also may be measuring something more.},
affiliation = {Iranian Institute for Health Sciences Research, Tehran, Iran. ali@jdcord.jd.ac.ir},
pages = {11},
volume = {7},
year = {2007},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Depression: Postpartum, Reproducibility of Results, Female, Iran, Adult, Questionnaires, Humans, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Language},
date-added = {2010-03-21 13:02:48 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-03-21 13:02:48 +0100},
doi = {10.1186/1471-244X-7-11},
pii = {1471-244X-7-11},
pmid = {17408479},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Montazeri-2007-BMC%20Psychiatry_The%20Edinburgh%20Postna.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p8370},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Rose:1985,
author = {G Rose},
journal = {Int J Epidemiol},
title = {Sick individuals and sick populations},
abstract = {Aetiology confronts two distinct issues: the determinants of individual cases, and the determinants of incidence rate. If exposure to a necessary agent is homogeneous within a population, then case/control and cohort methods will fail to detect it: they will only identify markers of susceptibility. The corresponding strategies in control are the 'high-risk' approach, which seeks to protect susceptible individuals, and the population approach, which seeks to control the causes of incidence. The two approaches are not usually in competition, but the prior concern should always be to discover and control the causes of incidence.},
pages = {32--38},
volume = {14},
year = {1985},
date-added = {2010-01-03 19:36:10 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-03 19:36:10 +0100},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1096},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Vacha-Haase:2002,
author = {T Vacha-Haase and R K Henson and J Caruso},
journal = {Educational and Psychological Measurement},
title = {Reliability Generalization: Moving toward improved understanding and use of score reliability},
volume = {62},
year = {2002},
date-added = {2010-01-10 11:33:21 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-10 11:33:25 +0100},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1967},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Gutierrez:2005p11406,
author = {J L G Guti{\'e}rrez and B M Jimen{\'e}z and E G Hernandez and C P Puente},
journal = {Personality and Individual Differences},
title = {Personality and subjective well-being: big five correlates and demographic variables},
abstract = {This work examines the association between the Big Five personality dimensions, the most relevant demographic factors (sex, age and relationship status), and subjective well-being. A total of 236 nursing professionals completed the NEO Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) and the Affect-Balance Scale (ABS). Regression analysis showed personality as one of the most important correlates of subjective well-being, especially through Extraversion and Neuroticism. There was a positive association between Openness to experience and the positive and negative components of affect. Likewise, the most basic demo- graphic variables (sex, age and relationship status) are found to be differentially associated with the different elements of subjective well-being, and the explanation for these associations is highly likely to be found in the links between demographic variables and personality. In the same way as control of the effect of demo- graphic variables is necessary for isolating the effect of personality on subjective well-being, control of per- sonality should permit more accurate analysis of the role of demographic variables in relation to the subjective well-being construct.},
pages = {1561--1569},
volume = {38},
year = {2005},
date-added = {2010-05-01 16:30:48 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-05-01 16:32:26 +0200},
doi = {10.1016/j.paid.2004.09.015},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Guti%C3%A9rrez-2005-Personality%20and%20Individual%20Differences_Personality%20and%20subj.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p11406},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Kas:2009p1303,
author = {Martien J H Kas and Walter H Kaye and Wendy Foulds Mathes and Cynthia M Bulik},
journal = {Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet},
title = {Interspecies genetics of eating disorder traits},
abstract = {Family and twin studies have indicated that genetic factors play a role in the development of eating disorders, such as anorexia and bulimia nervosa, but novel views and tools may enhance the identification of neurobiological mechanisms underlying these conditions. Here we propose an integrative genetic approach to reveal novel biological substrates of eating disorder traits analogous in mouse and human. For example, comparable to behavioral hyperactivity that is observed in 40-80% of anorexia nervosa patients, inbred strains of mice with different genetic backgrounds are differentially susceptible to develop behavioral hyperactivity when food restricted. In addition, a list of characteristics that are relevant to eating disorders and approaches to their measurement in humans together with potential analogous rodent models has been generated. Interspecies genetics of neurobehavioral characteristics of eating disorders has the potential to open new roads to identify and functionally test genetic pathways that influence neurocircuits relevant for these heterogeneous psychiatric disorders.},
affiliation = {Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, UMC Utrecht, The Netherlands.},
number = {3},
pages = {318--27},
volume = {150B},
year = {2009},
month = {Apr},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Mice, Disease Models: Animal, Animals, Eating Disorders, Humans},
date-added = {2010-01-07 11:36:39 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-07 11:36:39 +0100},
doi = {10.1002/ajmg.b.30832},
pmid = {18646037},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1303},
rating = {0}
}

@inbook{Dijkstra:1988,
author = {W Dijkstra and J van der Zouwen},
journal = {Book},
title = {Data Collection and Scaling},
chapter = {Types of inadequate interviewer behavior in survey interviews},
pages = {24--35},
year = {1988},
date-added = {2010-01-03 19:34:17 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:21:41 +0200},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p960},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Coolidge:2010p8970,
author = {Frederick L Coolidge and Daniel L Segal and Brian S Cahill and Jeremy T Simenson},
journal = {Psychology and psychotherapy},
title = {Psychometric properties of a brief inventory for the screening of personality disorders: The SCATI},
abstract = {The purpose of the present study was to report on the psychometric properties of a revised version of a brief inventory designed to screen and assess personality disorders. The short form of the Coolidge Axis II Inventory (SCATI) is a 70-item, self-report, form of the 250-item Coolidge Axis II Inventory (CATI). On a community sample of 588 adults (range=16-88 years), the median internal scale reliability for the 14 personality disorder scales was .66, and the median test-retest reliability (1 week) was .83. Principal components analysis (PCA) revealed a four-component structure, essentially similar to previous PCA studies of the SCATI and CATI. Good convergent validity was obtained between a five-factor model of psychopathology and the 14 SCATI personality disorder scales. Gender differences were obtained on some scales, although the effect sizes were generally small. These preliminary psychometric properties establish that the SCATI has sufficient reliability and validity to warrant further research, particularly in clinical samples.},
pages = {},
year = {2010},
month = {Mar},
language = {ENG},
date-added = {2010-03-22 13:10:30 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-03-22 13:10:31 +0100},
doi = {10.1348/147608310X486363},
pii = {pptrp517},
pmid = {20219166},
URL = {http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/bpsoc/paptrap/pre-prints/pptrp517},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p8970},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Salaffi:2009p8437,
author = {Fausto Salaffi and Marina Carotti and Stefania Gasparini and Michele Intorcia and Walter Grassi},
journal = {Health Qual Life Outcomes},
title = {The health-related quality of life in rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and psoriatic arthritis: a comparison with a selected sample of healthy people},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: The health-related quality of life (HRQL) is an important indicator of the burden of musculoskeletal disease. The Medical Outcome Study Short-Term 36 (SF-36) is the most used tool that evaluates HRQL as a subjective perception about psychological and physical limitations due to an underlying illness. The purpose of this study was to compare the HRQL scores among patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and a selected sample of health people and determine their relationship with measures of clinical condition. METHODS: 799 patients (469 with RA, 164 with AS, 65 with axial PsA and 101 with peripheral PsA) accepted the invitation to participate. 1579 healthy controls were used for the comparison. We calculated scores for the eight SF-36 subscales, the Physical Component Summary (PCS) score, and the Mental Component Summary (MCS) score, according to published algorithms. Disease-related characteristics included disease duration, comorbidity, a measure for disease activity and for radiographic damage. The presence of comorbidity was ascertained through patient's self-reports by the Self-Administered Comorbidity Questionnaire (SCQ). Comparison were performed with respect to sex and age, and s-scores were calculated for comparison with the norm. Multivariate analyses were used to assess the relationship between HRQL and radiographic damage, disease activity, and socio-demographic data. RESULTS: The four inflammatory rheumatic diseases (IRD), compared to controls, significantly impaired all eight health concepts of the SF-36 (p < 0.0001) in both component PCS and MCS scores (p < 0.0001). Overall, the dimensions typically affected were physical functioning, limitations due to physical function, and bodily pain. The disease with the worst HRQL for those dimensions was RA. The multivariate analyses revealed that the physical component was influenced by a high disease activity and comorbidity. The severity of psoriatic lesions was associated with poor mental functioning in patients with PsA. CONCLUSION: Chronic IRD have a clearly detrimental effect on the HRQL in both sex and in age groups, and physical domain is more impaired than mental and social ones.},
affiliation = {Dipartimento di Patologia Molecolare e Terapie Innovative, Clinica Reumatologica - Universit{\`a} Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy. fsalaff@tin.it},
pages = {25},
volume = {7},
year = {2009},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
date-added = {2010-03-21 17:56:07 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-03-21 17:56:07 +0100},
doi = {10.1186/1477-7525-7-25},
pii = {1477-7525-7-25},
pmid = {19296831},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Salaffi-2009-Health%20and%20Quality%20of%20Life%20Outcomes_The%20health-related%20q.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p8437},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Bouveyron:2009p2918,
author = {C Bouveyron and C Brunet},
journal = {XIII International Conference on Applied Stochastic Models and Data Analysis},
title = {Clustering in Fisher discriminative subspaces},
abstract = {Clustering in high-dimensional spaces is nowadays a recurrent problem in many scientific domains but remains a difficult problem. This is mainly due to the fact that high-dimensional data usually live in low-dimensional subspaces hid- den in the original space. This paper presents a model-based clustering approach which models the data in a discriminative subspace with an intrinsic dimension lower than the dimension of the original space. An estimation algorithm, called Fisher-EM algorithm, is proposed for estimating both the mixture parameters and the discriminative subspace. Experiments show that the proposed approach out- performs existing clustering methods and provides a useful representation of the high-dimensional data.},
year = {2009},
date-added = {2010-01-13 21:52:46 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-13 21:53:22 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Bouveyron-2009-XIII%20International%20Conference%20on%20Applied%20Stochastic%20Models%20and%20Data%20Analysis_Clustering%20in%20Fisher.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p2918},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Cella:1993p11651,
author = {D F Cella and I Wiklund and S A Shumaker and Neil K Aaronson},
journal = {Qual Life Res},
title = {Integrating health-related quality of life into cross-national clinical trials},
abstract = {When planning to implement health-related quality of life (HRQL) assessment in a multinational clinical trial, there are at least four general considerations: the natural history of the disease or condition, the characteristics of the population, the treatment under consideration, and the structure and function of the clinical trial organization. Each of these considerations must be addressed simultaneously when planning, implementing and analysing a cross-national clinical trial. There are five relevant polar components of the natural history of a given disease or condition: (1) time frame (acute versus chronic); (2) life threat (yes versus no); (3) symptomatology (present versus absent); (4) symptom expression (episodic versus constant); and (5) functional impact (present versus absent). Differences in population characteristics, (e.g., age, conditions, co-morbidity), embedded within any cross-national trial, must be addressed conceptually prior to initiating the trial, methodologically when planning implementation, and statistically after the collection of the data. In terms of treatment, issues such as adverse and positive effects and timing of effects must be considered. The methods entailed in planning, implementing and analysing HRQL data will depend upon the degree of centralization of personnel and resources within any given clinical trial. The range of possibilities runs from complete centralization, in which all planning and coordination of data collection and transmittal is done by one office, to complete decentralization, in which the work is distributed to participating sites and interested investigators. Finally, successful implementation of HRQL data collection is enhanced by heightening awareness of the importance of, and value in, assessing HRQL in clinical trials.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)},
affiliation = {Rush-Presbyterian-St Luke's Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612.},
number = {6},
pages = {433--40},
volume = {2},
year = {1993},
month = {Dec},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Quality of Life, Humans, Cross-Cultural Comparison, Data Collection, Questionnaires, International Cooperation, Planning Techniques, Health Surveys, Reproducibility of Results, Multicenter Studies as Topic},
date-added = {2010-05-11 22:49:08 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 20:13:56 +0200},
pmid = {8161977},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p11651},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Gauderman:2002p9333,
author = {W James Gauderman},
journal = {Am J Epidemiol},
title = {Sample size requirements for association studies of gene-gene interaction},
abstract = {In the study of complex diseases, it may be important to test hypotheses related to gene-gene (G x G) interaction. The success of such studies depends critically on obtaining adequate sample sizes. In this paper, the author investigates sample size requirements for studies of G x G interaction, focusing on four study designs: the matched-case-control design, the case-sibling design, the case-parent design, and the case-only design. All four designs provide an estimate of interaction on a multiplicative scale, which is used as a unifying theme in the comparison of sample size requirements. Across a variety of genetic models, the case-only and case-parent designs require fewer sampling units (cases and case-parent trios, respectively) than the case-control (pairs) or case-sibling (pairs) design. For example, the author describes an asthma study of two common recessive genes for which 270 matched case-control pairs would be required to detect a G x G interaction of moderate magnitude with 80% power. By comparison, the same study would require 319 case-sibling pairs but only 146 trios in the case-parent design or 116 cases in the case-only design. A software program that computes sample size for studies of G x G interaction and for studies of gene-environment (G x E) interaction is freely available (http://hydra.usc.edu/gxe).},
affiliation = {Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1540 Alcazar Street, Suite 220, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA. jimg@usc.edu},
number = {5},
pages = {478--84},
volume = {155},
year = {2002},
month = {Mar},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Female, Research Design, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Sensitivity and Specificity, Models: Genetic, Sample Size, Male, Environment, Case-Control Studies, Pedigree, Risk Factors},
date-added = {2010-03-23 18:34:29 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-03-23 18:34:29 +0100},
pmid = {11867360},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Gauderman-2002-Am%20J%20Epidemiol_Sample%20size%20requirem.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p9333},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Banerjee:2005p12880,
author = {A Banerjee and C Krumpelman and S Basu and R J Mooney and J Ghosh},
journal = {KDD},
title = {Model-based Overlapping Clustering},
abstract = {While the vast majority of clustering algorithms are partitional, many real world datasets have inherently overlapping clusters. Sev- eral approaches to finding overlapping clusters have come from work on analysis of biological datasets. In this paper, we inter- pret an overlapping clustering model proposed by Segal et al. [23] as a generalization of Gaussian mixture models, and we extend it to an overlapping clustering model based on mixtures of any regu- lar exponential family distribution and the corresponding Bregman divergence. We provide the necessary algorithm modifications for this extension, and present results on synthetic data as well as sub- sets of 20-Newsgroups and EachMovie datasets.},
year = {2005},
date-added = {2010-06-24 13:04:18 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-06-24 13:05:05 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Banerjee-2005-KDD_Model-based%20Overlapp.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p12880},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Rijmen:2003,
author = {Franck Rijmen and Francis Tuerlinckx and Paul De Boeck and Peter Kuppens},
journal = {Psychological Methods},
title = {A nonlinear mixed model framework for item response theory},
abstract = {Mixed models take the dependency between observations based on the same cluster into account by introducing 1 or more random effects. Common item response theory (IRT) models introduce latent person variables to model the dependence between responses of the same participant. Assuming a distribution for the latent variables, these IRT models are formally equivalent with nonlinear mixed models. It is shown how a variety of IRT models can be formulated as particular instances of nonlinear mixed models. The unifying framework offers the advantage that relations between different IRT models become explicit and that it is rather straight- forward to see how existing IRT models can be adapted and extended. The ap- proach is illustrated with a self-report study on anger.},
number = {2},
pages = {185--205},
volume = {8},
year = {2003},
date-added = {2010-01-10 11:33:25 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 20:46:12 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Rijmen-2003-Psychological%20Methods_A%20nonlinear%20mixed%20mo.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p2202},
read = {Yes},
rating = {5}
}

@article{Shaffer:2007p4119,
author = {L B Shaffer},
title = {Examining Regression Analysis Beyond the Mean of the Distribution using Quantile Regression},
year = {2007},
date-added = {2010-01-20 00:06:51 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-20 00:07:12 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Shaffer-2007-_Examining%20Regression.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p4119},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Cain:2003p271,
author = {Virginia S Cain and Raynard S Kington},
journal = {Am J Public Health},
title = {Investigating the role of racial/ethnic bias in health outcomes},
number = {2},
pages = {191--2},
volume = {93},
year = {2003},
month = {Feb},
language = {eng},
keywords = {United States, Public Health, Socioeconomic Factors, Humans, Ethnic Groups, Outcome Assessment (Health Care), Evaluation Studies as Topic, Health Status, Prejudice},
date-added = {2010-01-03 11:27:46 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-03 11:27:46 +0100},
pmid = {12554567},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Cain-2003-Am%20J%20Public%20Health_Investigating%20the%20ro.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p271},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Timberlake:2007p7516,
author = {David S Timberlake and Christian J Hopfer and Soo Hyun Rhee and Naomi P Friedman and Brett C Haberstick and Jeffrey M Lessem and John K Hewitt},
journal = {Alcohol Clin Exp Res},
title = {College attendance and its effect on drinking behaviors in a longitudinal study of adolescents},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: While college attendance has been shown to be associated with increased drinking behaviors, there are no studies to our knowledge that have examined whether college attendance moderates genetic influences for drinking. We first tested for changes in alcohol consumption in adolescents who did and did not subsequently attend college, and then tested for variation of the genetic and environmental determinants of drinking in these 2 groups. METHODS: Participants eligible for this study were selected from 2 samples from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health), a national probability sample (n=7,083) and a sample of sibling pairs (n=855 pairs). Participants were assessed for measures of drinking behaviors as adolescents (wave I) and reinterviewed at 1 (wave II) and 6 years (wave III) following the initial survey. Changes in binge drinking and average quantity of alcohol consumed in the past year were estimated among 4 groups (2-year college students, 4-year college students, college withdrawers, noncollege participants) in sequential cohorts which spanned the ages of 13 to 24 across the 3 Add Health waves. Gene by environment interactions were then tested at wave III using biometrical models in the genetically informative pairs. RESULTS: Participants who did not attend college reported more binge drinking and consumed greater quantities of alcohol as adolescents than participants who subsequently attended college. However, the college students not only surpassed their noncollege peers in alcohol use as young adults, but also exhibited a greater genetic influence on quantity of alcohol consumed per drinking episode. CONCLUSIONS: Exposure to a college environment acts as an environmental moderator, supporting the hypothesis that the magnitude of genetic influence on certain aspects of alcohol consumption is greater in environments where drinking behaviors are more likely to be promoted.},
affiliation = {Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA. dtimberl@uci.edu},
number = {6},
pages = {1020--30},
volume = {31},
year = {2007},
month = {Jun},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Universities, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Female, Alcohol Drinking, Adolescent, Male},
date-added = {2010-03-10 20:54:31 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:13:02 +0200},
doi = {10.1111/j.1530-0277.2007.00383.x},
pii = {ACER383},
pmid = {17403064},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p7516},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Rose:2008p7358,
author = {M Rose and J B Bjorner and J Becker and J F Fries and J E Ware},
journal = {Journal of Clinical Epidemiology},
title = {Evaluation of a preliminary physical function item bank supported the expected advantages of the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS)},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: The Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) was initiated to improve precision, reduce respondent burden, and enhance the comparability of health outcomes measures. We used item response theory (IRT) to construct and evaluate a preliminary item bank for physical function assuming four subdomains. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: Data from seven samples (N=17,726) using 136 items from nine questionnaires were evaluated. A generalized partial credit model was used to estimate item parameters, which were normed to a mean of 50 (SD=10) in the US population. Item bank properties were evaluated through Computerized Adaptive Test (CAT) simulations. RESULTS: IRT requirements were fulfilled by 70 items covering activities of daily living, lower extremity, and central body functions. The original item context partly affected parameter stability. Items on upper body function, and need for aid or devices did not fit the IRT model. In simulations, a 10-item CAT eliminated floor and decreased ceiling effects, achieving a small standard error (< 2.2) across scores from 20 to 50 (reliability >0.95 for a representative US sample). This precision was not achieved over a similar range by any comparable fixed length item sets. CONCLUSION: The methods of the PROMIS project are likely to substantially improve measures of physical function and to increase the efficiency of their administration using CAT.},
affiliation = {Health Assessment Lab and QualityMetric Incorporated, 275 Wyman Street, Waltham, MA 02451, USA. mrose@hal-health.org},
number = {1},
pages = {17--33},
volume = {61},
year = {2008},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Questionnaires, Health Status, Cross-Sectional Studies, Activities of Daily Living, Data Interpretation: Statistical, Humans, Female, Osteoarthritis, Male, Health Status Indicators, Outcome Assessment (Health Care), Disability Evaluation},
date-added = {2010-03-10 20:28:56 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-03-10 20:28:56 +0100},
doi = {10.1016/j.jclinepi.2006.06.025},
pii = {S0895-4356(07)00298-3},
pmid = {18083459},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Rose-2008-Journal%20of%20Clinical%20Epidemiology_Evaluation%20of%20a%20prel.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p7358},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Mandelbaum:2006p8633,
author = {David E Mandelbaum and Michael Stevens and Eric Rosenberg and Max Wiznitzer and Mitchell Steinschneider and Pauline Filipek and Isabelle Rapin},
journal = {Dev Med Child Neurol},
title = {Sensorimotor performance in school-age children with autism, developmental language disorder, or low IQ},
abstract = {The purpose of the study was to determine the prevalence of 'soft' motor deficits in school-aged children with either developmental language disorder (DLD), autism (with high IQ [HiAD] or low IQ [LoAD]), or low IQ without autism (LoIQ), and to evaluate the utility of a refined neurological examination to discriminate between these groups. A total of 242 children (74% male), aged 7 or 9 years, were evaluated as part of a longitudinal, multi-institutional study, with a standardized neurological examination that included Denckla's Physical and Neurological Examination for Soft Signs. Most of the scores separated children into two groups defined by nonverbal IQ, with the DLD and HiAD groups performing better than the LoAD and LoIQ groups. Exceptions included motor impersistence and stereotypies, which were more likely in the autistic groups. The neurologists' summary clinical impressions indicated better sensory/motor skills, oromotor skills, and praxis in the HiAD than in the DLD children. Inability/unwillingness to perform tasks was much more frequent in LoAD than LoIQ children.},
affiliation = {Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Brown Medical School, Providence, RI, USA. David_Mandelbaum@brown.edu},
number = {1},
pages = {33--9},
volume = {48},
year = {2006},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Child, Male, Prevalence, Motor Skills Disorders, Neurons: Afferent, Female, Language Development Disorders, Neuromuscular Diseases, Mental Retardation, Longitudinal Studies, Motor Skills, Motor Neurons, Neurologic Examination, Humans, Autistic Disorder},
date-added = {2010-03-22 00:26:20 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-03-22 00:26:26 +0100},
doi = {10.1017/S0012162206000089},
pii = {S0012162206000089},
pmid = {16359592},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Mandelbaum-2006-Developmental%20medicine%20and%20child%20neurology_Sensorimotor%20perform.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p8633},
rating = {4}
}

@article{Keogh:2000p4874,
author = {E Keogh and J Reidy},
journal = {J Pers Assess},
title = {Exploring the factor structure of the Mood and Anxiety Symptom Questionnaire (MASQ)},
abstract = {L. A. Clark and Watson (1991) proposed a tripartite model of anxiety and depression defined in terms of common symptoms relating to general distress, anxiety-specific symptoms of hyperarousal, and depression-specific symptoms of low positive affect and loss of interest. To aid the measurement of and discrimination between anxiety and depression they developed the Mood and Anxiety Symptom Questionnaire (MASQ). Although potentially useful, the MASQ is still in an early stage of development, and there is an indication that a discrepancy exists between items and scales. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the items and factors of the MASQ and determine whether a pattern similar to that suggested by L. A. Clark and Watson would emerge. Factor analysis of the MASQ revealed 3 factors relating to general distress, positive affect, and anxious arousal. Inspection of the individual items indicated that some refinements are required.},
affiliation = {Department of Psychology, Goldsmiths College, University of London. e.keogh@gold.ac.uk},
number = {1},
pages = {106--25},
volume = {74},
year = {2000},
month = {Feb},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Depression, Adolescent, London, Anxiety, Female, Middle Aged, Reproducibility of Results, Adult, Humans, Factor Analysis: Statistical, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Psychometrics, Arousal, Male},
date-added = {2010-02-01 20:30:54 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:35:42 +0200},
pmid = {10779936},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p4874},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Acton:2004p6236,
author = {G Scott Acton and W Revelle},
journal = {Methods of Psychological Research Online},
title = {Evaluation of Ten Psychometric Criteria for Circumplex Structure},
abstract = {This study tested for sensitivity to circumplex structure in six existing and four new psychometric criteria that assess the circumplex properties of interstitiality, equal spacing, constant radius, and no preferred rotation. Simulations showed one criterion to be sensitive to equal versus unequal axes (Fisher Test) and four to be sensitive to interstitiality versus simple structure (Gap Test, Variance Test 2, Rotation Test, and Minkowski Test). Five criteria were ineffective (Squared Loadings Index, Gap* Test, Gap Difference Test, Cosine Difference Test, and Variance Test 1). Deviation scoring improved the effectiveness of most criteria and is thus recommended for assessing cir- cumplex structure. This study provides new and effective means for discovering com- plex interrelations of variables where they exist. The circumplex, which falls in the middle of a hierarchy of models in degree of parsimony, may most accurately reflect a complex domain.},
number = {1},
volume = {9},
year = {2004},
date-added = {2010-02-19 21:08:02 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:40:07 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Acton-2004-Methods%20of%20Psychological%20Research%20Online_Evaluation%20of%20Ten%20Ps.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p6236},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Vermunt:2007p1820,
author = {J K Vermunt},
title = {Multilevel mixture item response theory models: an application in education testing},
year = {2007},
date-added = {2010-01-09 22:58:18 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-09 22:58:44 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Vermunt-2007-_Multilevel%20mixture%20i.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1820},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Chien:2010p13751,
author = {Tsair-Wei Chien and Shun-Jin Lin and Wen-Chung Wang and Henry Wc Leung and Wen-Pin Lai and Agnes Lf Chan},
journal = {Health Qual Life Outcomes},
title = {Reliability of 95% confidence interval revealed by expected quality-of-life scores: an example of nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients after radiotherapy using EORTC QLQ-C 30},
abstract = {ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Many researchers use observed questionnaire scores to evaluate score reliability and to make conclusions and inferences regarding quality-of-life outcomes. The amount of false alarms from medical diagnoses that would be avoided if observed scores were substituted with expected scores is interesting, and understanding these differences is important for the care of cancer patients. Using expected scores to estimate the reliability of 95% confidence intervals (CIs) is rarely reported in published papers. We investigated the reliability of patient responses to a quality-of-life questionnaire and made recommendations for future studies of the quality of life of patients. METHODS: A total of 115 patients completed the EORTC core questionnaire QLQ-C30 (version 3) after radiotherapy. The observed response scores, assumed to be one-dimensional, were summed and transformed into expected scores using the Rasch rating scale model with WINSTEPS software. A series of simulations was performed using a unified bootstrap procedure after manipulating scenarios with different questionnaire lengths and patient numbers to estimate the reliability at 95% confidence intervals. Skewness analyses of the 95% CIs were compared to detect different effects between groups according to the two data sets of observed and expected response scores. RESULTS: We found that (1) it is necessary to report CIs for reliability and skewness coefficients in papers; (2) data derived from expected response scores are preferable to making inferences; and (3) visual representations displaying the 95% CIs of skewness values applied to item-by-item analyses can provide a useful interpretation of quality-of-life outcomes. CONCLUSION: Reliability coefficients can be reported with 95% CIs by statistical software to evaluate the internal consistency of respondent scores on questionnaire items. The SPSS syntax procedures for estimating the reliability of the 95% CI, expected score generation and visual skewness analyses are demonstrated in this study. We recommend that effect sizes such as a 95% CI be reported along with p values reporting significant differences in quality-of-life studies.},
number = {1},
pages = {68},
volume = {8},
year = {2010},
month = {Jul},
language = {ENG},
date-added = {2010-07-24 12:42:57 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-07-24 12:42:57 +0200},
doi = {10.1186/1477-7525-8-68},
pii = {1477-7525-8-68},
pmid = {20626903},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Chien-2010-Health%20and%20Quality%20of%20Life%20Outcomes_Reliability%20of%2095%25%20c-1.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p13751},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Ball:2002p9558,
author = {Joanna Ball and Libby Tannenbaum and Lisa Armistead and Shira Maguen and Family Health Project Research Group},
journal = {Women Health},
title = {Coping and HIV infection in African-American women},
abstract = {HIV is impacting African-American women at alarming rates. Many of these women are poor and socially disadvantaged, resulting in a combination of stressors that impacts the quality of their lives. This study investigated whether coping style (i.e., problem-focused, emotion-focused) varies as a function of HIV status or stage of HIV-related illness. Secondly, we examined whether the use of a particular style is associated with three areas of functioning among HIV-infected women: general psychological distress, depressive symptomatology, and physical symptomatology. Ninety-nine HIV-infected women and 143 noninfected women completed measures assessing coping styles and functioning. No significant differences emerged in coping styles between the HIV-infected and noninfected women or for the groups when symptomatic women were examined separate from asymptomatic women. Greater emotion-focused coping was associated with less general psychological distress and depression specifically. Problem-focused coping interacted with illness stage to predict all areas of functioning. By identifying effective coping strategies among African-American women with HIV, mental health professionals can design empirical interventions that can help improve quality of life for these women.},
affiliation = {Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta 30303, USA.},
number = {1},
pages = {17--36},
volume = {35},
year = {2002},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Socioeconomic Factors, Cross-Sectional Studies, African Americans, Humans, Urban Population, Louisiana, Data Collection, Female, HIV Infections, Regression Analysis, Questionnaires, Attitude to Health, Social Support, Longitudinal Studies, Adaptation: Psychological, Quality of Life, Middle Aged, Depressive Disorder, Women's Health, Adult},
date-added = {2010-03-23 20:53:52 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-03-23 20:53:53 +0100},
pmid = {11942467},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p9558},
rating = {0}
}

@book{Breiman1984,
author = {L Breiman and R A Friedman and R A Olshen and C J Stone},
journal = {Book},
title = {Classification and Regression Trees},
year = {1984},
date-added = {2010-01-12 14:26:51 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-12 14:26:52 +0100},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p2520},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Kemmler:2010p11119,
author = {G Kemmler and A Zabernigg and K Gattringer and G Rumpold and J Giesinger and B Sperner-Unterweger and B Holzner},
journal = {Journal of Clinical Epidemiology},
title = {A new approach to combining clinical relevance and statistical significance for evaluation of quality of life changes in the individual patient},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Empirical investigation of formerly proposed criteria for relevant changes of health-related quality of life (QOL) regarding their use for monitoring changes in the individual patient. Suggestion of a new criterion trying to overcome the drawbacks of former criteria. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: QOL data were collected longitudinally in 160 cancer patients receiving chemotherapy at an oncological outpatient unit, giving rise to a total of 975 QOL assessments. QOL was measured using the European Organization on Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Core Questionnaire. Several formerly suggested criteria of relevant change (distribution based, anchor based) were compared in terms of both prevalence and statistical significance of the resulting relevant changes. RESULTS: When considering criteria of relevant change suggested in the literature, high proportions (average: 42.3-48.3%) of reputedly relevant changes were found. The majority of these changes (average: 55.8-62.2%) were statistically insignificant. Combination of an increased threshold for clinical relevance with the concept of statistical significance resulted in a more meaningful change criterion. CONCLUSION: Formerly recommended thresholds of relevant change in QOL appear to be unduly low when focusing on the individual patient. A modified criterion is therefore suggested for this case. However, more research is needed for validation and refinement of the proposed criterion.},
affiliation = {Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Tyrol 6020, Austria. georg.kemmler@uki.at},
number = {2},
pages = {171--9},
volume = {63},
year = {2010},
month = {Feb},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Neoplasms, Psychometrics, Antineoplastic Agents, Quality of Life, Aged, Health Status Indicators, Male, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Adult, Middle Aged, Treatment Outcome, Young Adult, Female},
date-added = {2010-04-14 13:55:03 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-04-14 13:55:08 +0200},
doi = {10.1016/j.jclinepi.2009.03.016},
pii = {S0895-4356(09)00119-X},
pmid = {19615857},
URL = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0895-4356(09)00119-X},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Kemmler-2010-Journal%20of%20Clinical%20Epidemiology_A%20new%20approach%20to%20co.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p11119},
rating = {4}
}

@article{Chen:2007p2908,
author = {Xiang Chen and Ching-Ti Liu and Meizhuo Zhang and Heping Zhang},
journal = {Proc Natl Acad Sci USA},
title = {A forest-based approach to identifying gene and gene gene interactions},
abstract = {Multiple genes, gene-by-gene interactions, and gene-by-environment interactions are believed to underlie most complex diseases. However, such interactions are difficult to identify. Although there have been recent successes in identifying genetic variants for complex diseases, it still remains difficult to identify gene-gene and gene-environment interactions. To overcome this difficulty, we propose a forest-based approach and a concept of variable importance. The proposed approach is demonstrated by simulation study for its validity and illustrated by a real data analysis for its use. Analyses of both real data and simulated data based on published genetic models show the effectiveness of our approach. For example, our analysis of a published data set on age-related macular degeneration (AMD) not only confirmed a known genetic variant (P value = 2E-6) for AMD, but also revealed an unreported haplotype surrounding single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs10272438 on chromosome 7 that was significantly associated with AMD (P value = 0.0024). These significance levels are obtained after the consideration for a large number of SNPs. Thus, the importance of this work is twofold: it proposes a powerful and flexible method to identify high-risk haplotypes and their interactions and reveals a potentially protective variant for AMD.},
affiliation = {Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8034, USA.},
number = {49},
pages = {19199--203},
volume = {104},
year = {2007},
month = {Dec},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Models: Genetic, Data Interpretation: Statistical, Polymorphism: Single Nucleotide, Linkage (Genetics), Haplotypes, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Computer Simulation, Epistasis: Genetic, Humans, Macular Degeneration, Environment},
date-added = {2010-01-13 15:02:21 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-13 15:02:21 +0100},
doi = {10.1073/pnas.0709868104},
pii = {0709868104},
pmid = {18048322},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Chen-2007-Proc%20Natl%20Acad%20Sci%20USA_A%20forest-based%20appro.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p2908},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Revelle:2008p11660,
author = {W Revelle and K R Scherer},
title = {Personality and Emotion},
year = {2008},
date-added = {2010-05-13 21:25:28 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-05-13 21:26:44 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Revelle-2008-_Personality%20and%20Emot.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p11660},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Griffiths:2005p14146,
author = {T L Griffiths and Z Ghahramani},
title = {Infinite Latent Feature Models and

repository: sergiud/bibtex-spirit

repo_name: sergiud/bibtex-spirit

gha_license_id: MIT