text:
of stigma, and other strategies were used to reduce the costs of visibility. The results of the study show that the GFD can produce stigma experiences in adolescence, and that dietary compliance (or lack thereof) can be understood in terms of dealing with GFD concealment and disclosure.},
   keywords = {Adolescent
Celiac Disease/*diet therapy/*psychology
Diet, Gluten-Free/*psychology
Female
Focus Groups
Humans
Male
*Psychology, Adolescent
*Stereotyping},
   ISSN = {1049-7323 (Print)
1049-7323},
   Accession Number = {19556403},
   DOI = {10.1177/1049732309338722},
   year = {2009},
   type = {Ref–rence Type}
}

@article{
   author = {Oruc, N. and Ozutemiz, O. and Tekin, F. and Sezak, M. and Tuncyurek, M. and Krasinskas, A. M. and Tombuloglu, M.},
   title = {Celiac disease associated with B-cell lymphoma},
   journal = {Turk J Gastroenterol},
   volume = {21},
   number = {2},
   pages = {168-71},
   note = {2148-5607
Oruc, Nevin
Ozutemiz, Omer
Tekin, Fatih
Sezak, Murat
Tuncyurek, Muge
Krasinskas, Alyssa M
Tombuloglu, Murat
Case Reports
Journal Article
Turkey
Turk J Gastroenterol. 2010 Jun;21(2):168-71.},
   abstract = {Celiac disease is a gluten-induced enteropathy controlled by gluten restriction. Celiac disease is occasionally associated with T-cell lymphoma. We report a case with celiac disease who presented with duodenal ulcer-like symptoms and endoscopic findings. The persistent symptoms despite a strict diet led to the suspicion of an associated malignancy. Intensive evaluation revealed a case with celiac disease associated with B-cell lymphoma. Although B-cell lymphoma is rare, it should be kept in mind especially in female patients with persistent symptoms and refractory celiac disease.},
   keywords = {Adult
Celiac Disease/*complications
Duodenal Neoplasms/*etiology
Female
Humans
Lymphoma, B-Cell/*etiology},
   ISSN = {1300-4948},
   Accession Number = {20872332},
   year = {2010},
   type = {Ref–rence Type}
}

@article{
   author = {Ozyemisci-Taskiran, O. and Cengiz, M. and Atalay, F.},
   title = {Celiac disease of the joint},
   journal = {Rheumatol Int},
   volume = {31},
   number = {5},
   pages = {573-6},
   note = {1437-160x
Ozyemisci-Taskiran, Ozden
Cengiz, Mustafa
Atalay, Fatma
Case Reports
Journal Article
Germany
Rheumatol Int. 2011 May;31(5):573-6. doi: 10.1007/s00296-010-1670-4. Epub 2010 Dec 9.},
   abstract = {A 42-year-old woman presented with a 3-week history of left knee pain and swelling. She had suffered dermatitis herpetiformis for 12 years, proved by skin biopsy. She had never been on gluten-free diet. Knee pain increased with motion and her gait was antalgic. On admission, she was mainly dependent on wheelchair due to pain and limitation. Treatment plan consisted of gluten-free diet, stretching and strengthening exercises, analgesic or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs when needed. She responded well to gluten-free diet. Association of joint involvement and dermatitis herpetiformis is more than just coincidental. Possible immunopathogenesis and role of gluten-free diet on arthritis treatment are discussed.},
   keywords = {Adult
Analgesics/therapeutic use
Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/therapeutic use
Biopsy
Celiac Disease/*complications/diagnosis/immunology/therapy
Dermatitis Herpetiformis/*complications/diagnosis/immunology/therapy
Diet, Gluten-Free
Female
Humans
Joint Diseases/*complications/diagnosis/immunology/physiopathology/therapy
*Knee Joint/immunology/physiopathology
Muscle Stretching Exercises
Treatment Outcome},
   ISSN = {0172-8172},
   Accession Number = {21152920},
   DOI = {10.1007/s00296-010-1670-4},
   year = {2011},
   type = {Ref–rence Type}
}

@article{
   author = {Papp, M. and Foldi, I. and Altorjay, I. and Palyu, E. and Udvardy, M. and Tumpek, J. and Sipka, S. and Korponay-Szabo, I. R. and Nemes, E. and Veres, G. and Dinya, T. and Tordai, A. and Andrikovics, H. and Norman, G. L. and Lakatos, P. L.},
   title = {Anti-microbial antibodies in celiac disease: trick or treat?},
   journal = {World J Gastroenterol},
   volume = {15},
   number = {31},
   pages = {3891-900},
   note = {2219-2840
Papp, Maria
Foldi, Ildiko
Altorjay, Istvan
Palyu, Eszter
Udvardy, Miklos
Tumpek, Judit
Sipka, Sandor
Korponay-Szabo, Ilma Rita
Nemes, Eva
Veres, Gabor
Dinya, Tamas
Tordai, Attila
Andrikovics, Hajnalka
Norman, Gary L
Lakatos, Peter Laszlo
Journal Article
United States
World J Gastroenterol. 2009 Aug 21;15(31):3891-900.},
   abstract = {AIM: To determine the prevalence of a new set of anti-glycan and anti-outer membrane protein (anti-OMP) antibodies in a Hungarian cohort of adult Celiac disease (CD) patients. METHODS: 190 consecutive CD patients [M/F: 71/119, age:39.9 (SD:14.1) years], 100 healthy, and 48 gastrointestinal controls were tested for glycan anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae (gASCA), anti-laminaribioside (ALCA), anti-chitobioside, anti-mannobioside, anti-OMP antibodies and major NOD2/CARD15 mutations. Thirty out of 82 CD patients enrolled at the time of diagnosis were re-evaluated for the same antibodies after longstanding gluten-free diet (GFD). RESULTS: 65.9% of the CD patients were positive for at least one of the tested antibodies at the time of the diagnosis. Except anti-OMP and ALCA, anti-microbial antibodies were exclusively seen in untreated CD; however, the overall sensitivity was low. Any glycan positivity (LR+: 3.13; 95% CI: 2.08-4.73) was associated with an increased likelihood ratio for diagnosing CD. Significant correlation was found between the levels of anti-glycan and anti-endomysial or anti-transglutaminase antibodies. Anti-glycan positivity was lost after longstanding GFD. Anti-glycan antibody titers were associated with symptoms at presentation, but not the presence of NOD2/CARD15 mutations. Patients with severe malabsorption more frequently had multiple antibodies at diagnosis (P = 0.019). CONCLUSION: The presence of anti-glycan antibodies in CD seems to be secondary to the impaired small bowel mucosa which can lead to increased antigen presentation. Furthermore, anti-glycan positivity may be considered an additional marker of CD and dietary adherence.},
   keywords = {Adult
*Anti-Infective Agents/blood/immunology
*Antibodies/blood/immunology
Antibodies, Bacterial/*immunology
Antibodies, Fungal/*immunology
Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins/immunology
Celiac Disease/*blood/*immunology/physiopathology
DNA Mutational Analysis
Diet, Gluten-Free
Female
Humans
Hungary
Male
Middle Aged
Mutation
Nod2 Signaling Adaptor Protein/genetics
Polysaccharides/immunology},
   ISSN = {1007-9327},
   Accession Number = {19701969},
   year = {2009},
   type = {Ref–rence Type}
}

@article{
   author = {Parada, A. and Araya, M.},
   title = {[History of gluten and its effects on celiac disease]},
   journal = {Rev Med Chil},
   volume = {138},
   number = {10},
   pages = {1319-25},
   note = {Parada, Alejandra
Araya, Magdalena
English Abstract
Journal Article
Review
Chile
Rev Med Chil. 2010 Oct;138(10):1319-25. doi: /S0034-98872010001100018. Epub 2011 Jan 10.},
   abstract = {The global prevalence of celiac disease is of one person per 250 inhabitants. The disease is induced by gluten, a peptide contained in wheat, rye and barley that during small intestinal digestion generates smaller peptides. Some of these are resistant to hydrolysis and cross through the epithelium into the mucosa, inducing a cascade of immune reactions leading to the appearance of the disease in susceptible individuals. Gluten appeared as a consequence of agricultural practices initiated 10000 years ago in the Fertile Crescent of southwest Asia. Celiac disease epidemiology is complicated since consumption of gluten differs depending on the origin of populations. Treatment of celiac disease consists of withdrawing gluten from the diet, a task that becomes difficult in the long term. The concept of gluten-free food has changed along time. This article updates the concept of celiac disease, the history of gluten consumption in the world, the characteristics of a gluten free diet and the difficulties to adhere to it.},
   keywords = {*Celiac Disease/diet therapy/etiology
Diet, Gluten-Free
Glutens/adverse effects
Humans},
   ISSN = {0034-9887 (Print)
0034-9887},
   Accession Number = {21279282},
   DOI = {/S0034-98872010001100018},
   year = {2010},
   type = {Ref–rence Type}
}

@article{
   author = {Parizade, M. and Shainberg, B.},
   title = {Positive deamidated gliadin peptide antibodies and negative tissue transglutaminase IgA antibodies in a pediatric population: to biopsy or not to biopsy},
   journal = {Clin Vaccine Immunol},
   volume = {17},
   number = {5},
   pages = {884-6},
   note = {1556-679x
Parizade, Miriam
Shainberg, Bracha
Evaluation Studies
Journal Article
United States
Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2010 May;17(5):884-6. doi: 10.1128/CVI.00425-09. Epub 2010 Mar 31.},
   abstract = {Reports from our clinical laboratory database show that 75% of children <2 years old tested for celiac serology who were found positive for deamidated gliadin peptide (DGP) antibodies had negative results for tissue transglutaminase IgA. DGP levels were shown to decline and disappear without a gluten-free diet. This observation questions DGP's specificity for diagnosis of celiac disease.},
   keywords = {Antibodies/*blood
Biopsy
Celiac Disease/*diagnosis
Gliadin/*immunology
Humans
Immunoglobulin A/*blood
Infant
Sensitivity and Specificity
Transglutaminases/*immunology},
   ISSN = {1556-679x},
   Accession Number = {20357057},
   DOI = {10.1128/cvi.00425-09},
   year = {2010},
   type = {Ref–rence Type}
}

@article{
   author = {Parry, J. and Acharya, C.},
   title = {Celiac crisis in an older man},
   journal = {J Am Geriatr Soc},
   volume = {58},
   number = {9},
   pages = {1818-9},
   note = {1532-5415
Parry, John
Acharya, Chathur
Case Reports
Letter
United States
J Am Geriatr Soc. 2010 Sep;58(9):1818-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2010.03052.x.},
   keywords = {Aged, 80 and over
Celiac Disease/*diagnosis/diet therapy
Diagnosis, Differential
Diet, Gluten-Free/*methods
Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal
Follow-Up Studies
Humans
Male
Recurrence},
   ISSN = {0002-8614},
   Accession Number = {20863356},
   DOI = {10.1111/j.1532-5415.2010.03052.x},
   year = {2010},
   type = {Ref–rence Type}
}

@article{
   author = {Paul, F. E.},
   title = {Celiac disease: what to do when the tissue transglutaminase is positive},
   journal = {J Pediatr Health Care},
   volume = {24},
   number = {1},
   pages = {53-7},
   note = {1532-656x
Paul, Fiona Elisabeth
Case Reports
Journal Article
United States
J Pediatr Health Care. 2010 Jan-Feb;24(1):53-7. doi: 10.1016/j.pedhc.2009.03.009.},
   keywords = {Adolescent
Biopsy
Celiac Disease/complications/*diagnosis/diet therapy/*enzymology
Constipation/etiology
Diagnosis, Differential
Diet, Gluten-Free
Dietetics/education/organization & administration
Endoscopy, Digestive System
Female
Humans
Mass Screening
Nurse Practitioners
Nursing Assessment
Patient Education as Topic
Pediatric Nursing
Practice Guidelines as Topic
Referral and Consultation
Transglutaminases/*blood},
   ISSN = {0891-5245},
   Accession Number = {20122479},
   DOI = {10.1016/j.pedhc.2009.03.009},
   year = {2010},
   type = {Ref–rence Type}
}

@article{
   author = {Paul, S. P. and Taylor, T. M. and Barnard, P.},
   title = {Severe iron deficiency anaemia as a manifestation of silent coeliac disease: case report and literature review},
   journal = {J Fam Health Care},
   volume = {20},
   number = {2},
   pages = {56-9},
   note = {Paul, Siba P
Taylor, T M
Barnard, Penny
Case Reports
Journal Article
England
J Fam Health Care. 2010;20(2):56-9.},
   abstract = {Coeliac disease (CD) occurs in individuals sensitive to gluten protein contained in wheat products. It affects at least 1:100 children and may present with extra-intestinal manifestations such as iron deficiency anaemia, short stature and delay in puberty. A case of severe iron deficiency anaemia as a manifestation of CD is described here. There is a need to raise awareness among health professionals about CD and its extra-intestinal presentations. Suspicion of CD should lead to antibody screening tests and positive results should be followed by an intestinal biopsy for a definitive diagnosis. Involvement of a paediatric dietitian is vital in the management of CD and lifelong adherence to a gluten-free diet is necessary. We hope this article leaves the reader with a heightened awareness about CD and will lead to appropriate early referral to the paediatric services.},
   keywords = {Anemia, Iron-Deficiency/*etiology
Body Size
Celiac Disease/complications/*diagnosis/diet therapy
Child, Preschool
Diet, Gluten-Free
Female
Humans
Pallor/etiology},
   ISSN = {1474-9114 (Print)
1474-9114},
   Accession Number = {20518373},
   year = {2010},
   type = {Ref–rence Type}
}

@article{
   author = {Pavlovic, M. and Radlovic, N. and Lekovic, Z. and Berenji, K. and Stojsic, Z. and Radlovic, V.},
   title = {Coeliac disease as the cause of resistant sideropenic anaemia in children with Down's syndrome: case report},
   journal = {Srp Arh Celok Lek},
   volume = {138},
   number = {1-2},
   pages = {91-4},
   note = {Pavlovic, Momcilo
Radlovic, Nedeljko
Lekovic, Zoran
Berenji, Karolina
Stojsic, Zorica
Radlovic, Vladimir
Case Reports
Journal Article
Serbia
Srp Arh Celok Lek. 2010 Jan-Feb;138(1-2):91-4.},
   abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Coeliac disease (CD) is a permanent intolerance of gluten, i.e., of gliadin and related proteins found in the endosperm of wheat, rye and barley. It is characterized by polygenic predisposition, autoimmune nature, predominantly asymptomatic or atypical clinical course, as well as by high prevalence in patients with Down's syndrome (DS) and some other diseases. OUTLINE OF CASES: We are presenting a girl and two boys, aged 6-7 (x = 6.33) years with DS and CD recognized under the feature of sideropenic anaemia resistant to oral therapy with iron. Beside mental retardation, low stature and the morphological features characteristic of DS, two patients had a congenital heart disease; one ventricular septal defect and the other atrioventricular canal. In two patients, trisomy on the 21st chromosome pair (trisomy 21) was disclosed in all cells, while one had a mosaic karyotype. All three patients had classical laboratory parameters of sideropenic anaemia: blood Hb 77-89 g/l (x = 81.67), HCT 0.26-0.29% (x = 0.28), MCV 69-80 fl (x = 73), MCH 24.3-30 pg (x = 26.77) and serum iron 2-5 micromol/L (x = 4.0). Beside anaemia and in one patient a mild isolated hypertransaminasemia (AST 67 U/l, ALT 62 U/l), other indicators of CD were not registered in any of the children. In addition, in all three patients, we also detected an increased level of antibodies to tissue transglutaminase (atTG) of IgA class (45-88 U/I) so that we performed endoscopic enterobiopsy in order to reliably confirm the diagnosis of CD. In all three patients, the pathohistological finding of the duodenal mucosa specimen showed mild to moderate destructive enteropathy associated with high intraepithelial lymphocyte infiltration, cryptic hyperplasia and lympho-plasmocytic infiltration of the stroma. In all three patients, the treatment with a strict gluten-free diet and iron therapy applied orally for 3-4 months resulted in blood count normalization and the correction of sideropenia. Serum level of the atTG-IgA, repeated after a 12-month diet, was also normal. CONCLUSION: CD should be taken into consideration in all cases of sideropenic anaemia resistant to iron oral therapy in children with DS.The diagnosis of CD implicates corresponding pathohistological confirmation, while the treatment of sideropenic anaemia and its complications, beside iron preparations, also requires compliance with a gluten-free diet.},
   keywords = {Administration, Oral
Anemia, Iron-Deficiency/*etiology
Celiac Disease/*complications/diagnosis/drug therapy
Child
Down Syndrome/*complications
Drug Resistance
Female
Humans
Iron Compounds/administration & dosage
Male},
   ISSN = {0370-8179 (Print)
0370-8179},
   Accession Number = {20422917},
   year = {2010},
   type = {Ref–rence Type}
}

@article{
   author = {Peres, A. M. and Dias, L. G. and Veloso, A. C. and Meirinho, S. G. and Morais, J. S. and Machado, A. A.},
   title = {An electronic tongue for gliadins semi-quantitative detection in foodstuffs},
   journal = {Talanta},
   volume = {83},
   number = {3},
   pages = {857-64},
   note = {1873-3573
Peres, Antonio M
Dias, Luis G
Veloso, Ana C A
Meirinho, Sofia G
Morais, Jorge Sa
Machado, Adelio A S C
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Netherlands
Talanta. 2011 Jan 15;83(3):857-64. doi: 10.1016/j.talanta.2010.10.032. Epub 2010 Nov 2.},
   abstract = {An all-solid-state potentiometric electronic tongue with 36 polymeric membranes has been used for the first time to detect gliadins, which are primarily responsible for gluten intolerance in people suffering from celiac disease. A linear discriminant model, based on the signals of 11 polymeric membranes, selected from the 36 above using a stepwise procedure, was used to semi-quantitatively classify samples of a "Gluten-free" foodstuff (baby milked flour), previously contaminated with known amounts of gliadins (<10, 20-50 or >50mg/kg), as "Gluten-free", "Low-Gluten content" or "Gluten-containing". For this food matrix, the device had sensitivity towards gliadins of 1-2mg/kg and overall sensitivity and specificity of 77% and 78%, respectively. Moreover, the device never identified an ethanolic extract containing gliadins as "Gluten-free". Finally, the system also allowed distinguishing "Gluten-free" and "Gluten-containing" foodstuffs (15 foods, including breads, flours, baby milked flours, cookies and breakfast cereals) with an overall sensitivity and specificity greater than 83%, using the signals of only 4 selected polymeric membranes (selected using a stepwise procedure). Since only one "Gluten-containing" foodstuff was misclassified as "Gluten-free", the device could be used as a preliminary tool for quality control of foods for celiac patients.},
   keywords = {Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Diet, Gluten-Free
*Electrical Equipment and Supplies
Ethanol/chemistry
Food Analysis/*instrumentation
Gliadin/*analysis/isolation & purification
Linear Models
Lipids/chemistry
Membranes, Artificial
Potentiometry/*instrumentation
*Tongue},
   ISSN = {0039-9140},
   Accession Number = {21147329},
   DOI = {10.1016/j.talanta.2010.10.032},
   year = {2011},
   type = {Ref–rence Type}
}

@article{
   author = {Peteiro-Gonzalez, D. and Martinez-Olmos, M. A. and Peino, R. and Prieto-Tenreiro, A. M. and Villar-Taibo, R. and Andujar-Plata, P. and Guillin-Amarelle, C.},
   title = {[Adult celiac disease: endocrinological and nutritional issues]},
   journal = {Nutr Hosp},
   volume = {25},
   number = {5},
   pages = {860-3},
   note = {1699-5198
Peteiro-Gonzalez, D
Martinez-Olmos, M A
Peino, R
Prieto-Tenreiro, A Ma
Villar-Taibo, R
Andujar-Plata, P
Guillin-Amarelle, C
English Abstract
Journal Article
Spain
Nutr Hosp. 2010 Sep-Oct;25(5):860-3.},
   abstract = {Celiac disease is an autoimmune enterophaty induced by the ingestion of gluten in genetically susceptible individuals. Although historically it was thought that it was an infrequent pediatric disease, now it is know that its prevalence is close to 1% in the general population. It is even higher between patients with some endocrine disorders and nutritional deficits. The use of antitransglutaminase and antiendomisium antibodies and the endoscopical duodenal biopsy are the cornerstones for its diagnosis. The introduction of a gluten-free diet will achieve the normalization of the intestinal mucosa. It will avoid the risk of long term complications and an it will achieve an improvement in quality of life. Medical and dietitian long term follow-up will be important to improve the compliance to the treatment.},
   keywords = {Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Celiac Disease/*complications/diet therapy/*therapy
Diet, Gluten-Free
Endocrine System Diseases/diagnosis/*etiology/*therapy
Endometrium/immunology
Female
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Transglutaminases/immunology/metabolism
Young Adult},
   ISSN = {0212-1611},
   Accession Number = {21336447},
   year = {2010},
   type = {Ref–rence Type}
}

@article{
   author = {Picarelli, A. and Di Tola, M. and Vallecoccia, A. and Libanori, V. and Magrelli, M. and Carlesimo, M. and Rossi, A.},
   title = {Oral mucosa patch test: a new tool to recognize and study the adverse effects of dietary nickel exposure},
   journal = {Biol Trace Elem Res},
   volume = {139},
   number = {2},
   pages = {151-9},
   note = {1559-0720
Picarelli, Antonio
Di Tola, Marco
Vallecoccia, Anna
Libanori, Valerio
Magrelli, Mirella
Carlesimo, Marta
Rossi, Alfredo
Journal Article
United States
Biol Trace Elem Res. 2011 Feb;139(2):151-9. doi: 10.1007/s12011-010-8652-y. Epub 2010 Mar 5.},
   abstract = {On contact with the skin, nickel may cause allergic contact dermatitis, which can be diagnosed by an epicutaneous patch test. Nickel exposure via the intestinal mucosa can induce diarrhea, abdominal pain, and swelling. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between these symptoms and nickel intake by means of a novel oral mucosa patch test. Eighty-six patients with intestinal symptoms related to ingestion of nickel-containing foods were submitted to epicutaneous and oral mucosa patch tests for nickel. All patients with positive oral mucosa patch test results were subject to a low-nickel diet and monitored over time. Skin lesions were observed in 33 out of 86 (38.4%) patients evaluated by the epicutaneous patch test. Mucosal lesions were seen in 53 out of 86 (61.6%) patients given the oral mucosa patch test. After 2 months of a low-nickel diet, 52 out of 53 (98.1%) patients showed an improvement of their symptoms. There is a significant correlation between response time of the oral mucosa patch test and the latency of symptoms after ingestion of nickel-containing foods. Consequently, the oral mucosa patch test can be used to recognize and study the adverse effects of dietary nickel exposure that could be defined as allergic contact mucositis. A low-nickel diet is also shown to be an effective treatment for this condition.},
   keywords = {Administration, Oral
Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Dermatitis, Allergic Contact/*diagnosis
Female
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Mouth Mucosa/*drug effects
Nickel/administration & dosage/*adverse effects
Patch Tests/*methods
Young Adult},
   ISSN = {0163-4984},
   Accession Number = {20204548},
   DOI = {10.1007/s12011-010-8652-y},
   year = {2011},
   type = {Ref–rence Type}
}

@article{
   author = {Picarelli, A. and Libanori, V. and De Nitto, D. and Saponara, A. and Di Tola, M. and Donato, G.},
   title = {Organ culture system as a means to detect celiac disease},
   journal = {Ann Clin Lab Sci},
   volume = {40},
   number = {1},
   pages = {85-7},
   note = {1550-8080
Picarelli, Antonio
Libanori, Valerio
De Nitto, Daniela
Saponara, Annarita
Di Tola, Marco
Donato, Giuseppe
Letter
United States
Ann Clin Lab Sci. 2010 Winter;40(1):85-7.},
   abstract = {Anti-endomysial and anti-transglutaminase antibodies can be produced in vitro by the intestinal mucosa of celiac disease (CD) patients in clinical remission, when the culture is performed in the presence of gliadin peptides. Our aim was to use this organ culture system as a means to detect the pathognomonic antibodies of celiac disease (CD) in the culture supernatants. Organ culture was performed in the presence of three different activators to evaluate which one induced the strongest antibody response in intestinal mucosa from patients in clinical remission of CD. Our data confirm the high efficiency of synthetic peptide 31-43 as a specific immunological activator in CD and demonstrate its capability to stimulate production/secretion of CD-specific antibodies. We envision that this organ culture system may prove to be useful as a new technique for CD diagnosis.},
   keywords = {Adult
Autoantibodies/*immunology/metabolism
Celiac Disease/*diagnosis/immunology
Diet
Female
Gliadin/immunology
Glutens
Humans
Immunoglobulin A/immunology
Intestinal Mucosa/*immunology/pathology
Male
Organ Culture Techniques/*methods
Transglutaminases/immunology},
   ISSN = {0091-7370},
   Accession Number = {20124336},
   year = {2010},
   type = {Ref–rence Type}
}

@article{
   author = {Picarelli, A. and Sabbatella, L. and Di Tola, M. and Silano, M. and Nicolussi, A. and D'Inzeo, S. and Coppa, A.},
   title = {Nuclear fluorescence serum reactivity on monkey oesophagus: a new antibody for the follow-up of coeliac disease?},
   journal = {Clin Exp Immunol},
   volume = {161},
   number = {3},
   pages = {417-25},
   note = {1365-2249
Picarelli, A
Sabbatella, L
Di Tola, M
Silano, M
Nicolussi, A
D'Inzeo, S
Coppa, A
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
England
Clin Exp Immunol. 2010 Sep;161(3):417-25. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2010.04184.x.},
   abstract = {We have identified previously a nuclear fluorescence reactivity (NFR) pattern on monkey oesophagus sections exposed to coeliac disease (CD) patients' sera positive for anti-endomysium antibodies (EMA). The aim of the present work was to characterize the NFR, study the time-course of NFR-positive results in relation to gluten withdrawal and evaluate the potential role of NFR in the follow-up of CD. Twenty untreated, 87 treated CD patients and 15 healthy controls were recruited and followed for 12 months. Their sera were incubated on monkey oesophagus sections to evaluate the presence of NFR by indirect immunofluorescence analysis. Duodenal mucosa samples from treated CD patients were challenged with gliadin peptides, and thus the occurrence of NFR in culture supernatants was assessed. The NFR immunoglobulins (Igs) reactivity with the nuclear extract of a human intestinal cell line was investigated. Serum NFR was present in all untreated CD patients, persisted up to 151 +/- 37 days from gluten withdrawal and reappeared in treated CD patients under dietary transgressions. Serum NFR was also detected in two healthy controls. In culture supernatants of coeliac intestinal mucosa challenged with gliadin peptides, NFR appeared before EMA. The Igs responsible for NFR were identified as belonging to the IgA2 subclass. The NFR resulted differently from EMA and anti-nuclear antibodies, but reacted with two nuclear antigens of 65 and 49 kDa. A new autoantibody, named NFR related to CD, was described. Furthermore, NFR detection might become a valuable tool in monitoring adherence to a gluten-free diet and identifying slight dietary transgressions.},
   keywords = {Adolescent
Adult
Animals
Antibody Specificity/immunology
Autoantibodies/blood/*immunology/metabolism
Caco-2 Cells
Celiac Disease/blood/diagnosis/immunology
Esophagus/*immunology
Female
*Fluorescence
Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect/*methods
Follow-Up Studies
Haplorhini
Humans
Immunoglobulin A/blood/immunology
Intestine, Small/immunology/metabolism
Male
Middle Aged
Organ Culture Techniques
Serum/*immunology
Young Adult},
   ISSN = {0009-9104},
   Accession Number = {20529089},
   DOI = {10.1111/j.1365-2249.2010.04184.x},
   year = {2010},
   type = {Ref–rence Type}
}

@article{
   author = {Pinier, M. and Fuhrmann, G. and Verdu, E. F. and Leroux, J. C.},
   title = {Prevention measures and exploratory pharmacological treatments of celiac disease},
   journal = {Am J Gastroenterol},
   volume = {105},
   number = {12},
   pages = {2551-61; quiz 2562},
   note = {1572-0241
Pinier, Maud
Fuhrmann, Gregor
Verdu, Elena F
Leroux, Jean-Christophe
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review
United States
Am J Gastroenterol. 2010 Dec;105(12):2551-61; quiz 2562. doi: 10.1038/ajg.2010.372. Epub 2010 Sep 28.},
   abstract = {Increasing prevalence, protean clinical manifestations, and lack of pharmacological therapy make celiac disease (CD) a complex and highly relevant illness in gastroenterology. This chronic inflammatory disorder of the small intestine is caused by the ingestion of gluten containing cereals in genetically susceptible individuals, leading to a variety of gastrointestinal (GI) and non-GI manifestations. Awareness among physicians is growing due to accessible and highly accurate diagnostic and screening methods. Recent evidence suggests a possible rising incidence of CD. Environmental factors such as early life gluten exposure, intestinal infections, short duration of breast-feeding, and changes in intestinal microbiota have been proposed to have a role in CD pathogenesis. Thus, prevention approaches to diminish the rising prevalence of CD are currently being evaluated. Still, the cornerstone treatment of CD remains a strict gluten-free diet. This nutritional regime is demanding, and non-adherence is common because of social isolation, financial issues, or restriction of food diversity. Allowing patients to occasionally consume small amounts of gluten would greatly improve their quality of life. Owing to recent advances in the understanding of the pathogenesis of CD, different targets have been identified and have motivated the development of several experimental therapeutic strategies. The main goal of this review is to discuss the mechanisms that can be exploited therapeutically to prevent or delay CD, disease associations and its complications. Current treatments for complications of CD, including refractory CD and malignancy, are beyond the scope of this review.},
   keywords = {Animals
Awareness
Celiac Disease/complications/drug therapy/epidemiology/*prevention & control
Diet, Gluten-Free
Gliadin/metabolism
Humans
Incidence
Prevalence
Quality of Life
Risk Factors
Transglutaminases/metabolism
Triticum/enzymology/metabolism},
   ISSN = {0002-9270},
   Accession Number = {20877349},
   DOI = {10.1038/ajg.2010.372},
   year = {2010},
   type = {Ref–rence Type}
}

@article{
   author = {Pinkerton, J. V. and Dalkin, A. C. and Crowe, S. E. and Wilson, B. B. and Stelow, E. B.},
   title = {Treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis in a patient with celiac disease},
   journal = {Nat Rev Endocrinol},
   volume = {6},
   number = {3},
   pages = {167-71},
   note = {1759-5037
Pinkerton, JoAnn V
Dalkin, Alan C
Crowe, Sheila E
Wilson, Barbara B
Stelow, Edward B
Case Reports
Journal Article
England
Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2010 Mar;6(3):167-71. doi: 10.1038/nrendo.2009.272.},
   abstract = {BACKGROUND: A 62-year-old postmenopausal woman with a family history of breast cancer, mild gastroesophageal reflux disease, iron-deficient anemia and declining BMD was seen in a specialist center for the evaluation and management of osteoporosis. INVESTIGATIONS: Analysis of tissue transglutaminase IgA, endoscopic biopsy, serial BMD scans, FRAX calculation of osteoporotic fracture risk, Gail model calculation of breast cancer risk, assessment of blood vitamin D concentration and secondary evaluation for osteoporosis. DIAGNOSIS: Osteoporosis, persistent after 12 years of hormone replacement therapy, and celiac disease. MANAGEMENT: The patient was initially treated for bone loss with postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy. DXA analyses showed a continued decline in BMD despite adequate replacement of calcium and vitamin D levels and withdrawal of gluten from the patient's diet. An oral bisphosphonate was recommended with plans to reassess BMD after 1 year.},
   keywords = {Bone Density/drug effects
Celiac Disease/*complications/*diagnosis
Diphosphonates/pharmacology/therapeutic use
Female
Hormone Replacement Therapy
Humans
Middle Aged
Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal/*drug therapy/*etiology},
   ISSN = {1759-5029},
   Accession Number = {20173778},
   DOI = {10.1038/nrendo.2009.272},
   year = {2010},
   type = {Ref–rence Type}
}

@article{
   author = {Poloni, N. and Vender, S. and Bolla, E. and Bortolaso, P. and Costantini, C. and Callegari, C.},
   title = {Gluten encephalopathy with psychiatric onset: case report},
   journal = {Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health},
   volume = {5},
   pages = {16},
   note = {1745-0179
Poloni, Nicola
Vender, Simone
Bolla, Emilio
Bortolaso, Paola
Costantini, Chiara
Callegari, Camilla
Journal Article
Netherlands
Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health. 2009 Jun 26;5:16. doi: 10.1186/1745-0179-5-16.},
   abstract = {Many cases of coeliac disease, a gastrointestinal autoimmune disorder caused by sensitivity to gluten, can remain in a subclinical stage or undiagnosed. In a significant proportion of cases (10-15%) gluten intolerance can be associated with central or peripheral nervous system and psychiatric disorders.A 38-year-old man was admitted as to our department an inpatient for worsening anxiety symptoms and behavioural alterations. After the addition of second generation antipsychotic to the therapeutic regimen, the patient presented neuromotor impairment with high fever, sopor, leukocytosis, raised rhabdomyolysis-related indicators. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome was strongly suspected. After worsening of his neuropsychiatric conditions, with the onset of a frontal cognitive deficit, bradykinesia and difficulty walking, dysphagia, anorexia and hypoferraemic anaemia, SPET revealed a reduction of cerebral perfusion and ENeG results were compatible with a mainly motor polyneuropathy. Extensive laboratory investigations gave positive results for anti-gliadin antibodies, and an appropriate diet led to a progressive remission of the encephalopathy.},
   ISSN = {1745-0179},
   Accession Number = {19558661},
   DOI = {10.1186/1745-0179-5-16},
   year = {2009},
   type = {Ref–rence Type}
}

@article{
   author = {Pope, R. and Sheiner, E.},
   title = {Celiac disease during pregnancy: to screen or not to screen?},
   journal = {Arch Gynecol Obstet},
   volume = {279},
   number = {1},
   pages = {1-3},
   note = {1432-0711
Pope, Rachel
Sheiner, Eyal
Editorial
Germany
Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2009 Jan;279(1):1-3. doi: 10.1007/s00404-008-0803-4. Epub 2008 Sep 26.},
   abstract = {Permanent intolerance to gluten, known as celiac disease, affects both fertility and pregnancy outcomes when left untreated. Recent research on celiac disease and reproduction urge increased screening for celiac disease. While this may be beneficial for couples facing idiopathic infertility or those from particular risk groups, screening involves its own risks and expenses, and has not been consistently proven effective for the general population while pregnant. The present editorial discusses the potential advantages and disadvantages of screening during pregnancy and examines when screening may be helpful.},
   keywords = {Celiac Disease/*diagnosis/diet therapy/metabolism
Female
Humans
Male
Pregnancy
Pregnancy Complications/*diagnosis/diet therapy/metabolism},
   ISSN = {0932-0067},
   Accession Number = {18818937},
   DOI = {10.1007/s00404-008-0803-4},
   year = {2009},
   type = {Ref–rence Type}
}

@article{
   author = {Prasad, D. and Khara, H. S. and Gupta, M. and Sterman, P.},
   title = {Celiac disease associated membranous nephropathy - a rare cause or coincidence? A case report},
   journal = {Cases J},
   volume = {2},
   pages = {7018},
   note = {1757-1626
Prasad, Deepali
Khara, Harshit S
Gupta, Mohit
Sterman, Paul
Journal Article
England
Cases J. 2009 Jun 18;2:7018. doi: 10.4076/1757-1626-2-7018.},
   abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Celiac disease is associated with a variety of autoimmune diseases such as type 1 diabetes mellitus, autoimmune thyroid disorders, Sjogren's syndrome and IgA nephropathy, however membranous nephropathy is not recognized amongst one of them. CASE PRESENTATION: We report a rare case of nephrotic syndrome due to membranous nephropathy in a patient with celiac disease. A 77-years-old male patient presented with uncontrolled hypertension, anemia and acute renal failure. He was diagnosed with celiac disease and membranous nephropathy confirmed by small bowel and renal biopsy. Patient was treated with gluten free diet and immuno-suppressive therapy; however, he died within 2 to 3 months due to myocardial infarction. CONCLUSION: The association between celiac disease and nephrotic syndrome is extremely rare. Only two adult patients with celiac disease and membranous nephropathy have been reported in the literature so far. Since the prevalence of celiac disease ranges between 0.75% and 4.54%, the question arises whether the coexistence of celiac disease and membranous nephropathy is just a coincidence or a rare association. As they both are immune mediated diseases, a link between them is a strong possibility.},
   ISSN = {1757-1626},
   Accession Number = {19829897},
   DOI = {10.4076/1757-1626-2-7018},
   year = {2009},
   type = {Ref–rence Type}
}

@article{
   author = {Prasad, K. K. and Debi, U. and Sinha, S. K. and Nain, C. K. and Singh, K.},
   title = {Hepatobiliary disorders in celiac disease: an update},
   journal = {Int J Hepatol},
   volume = {2011},
   pages = {438184},
   note = {2090-3456
Prasad, Kaushal K
Debi, Uma
Sinha, Saroj K
Nain, Chander K
Singh, Kartar
Journal Article
United States
Int J Hepatol. 2011;2011:438184. doi: 10.4061/2011/438184. Epub 2010 Nov 14.},
   abstract = {This communication reviews recent literature and summarizes hepatobiliary abnormalities that may complicate the clinical course of celiac disease. A wide spectrum of hepatobiliary diseases has been described, including asymptomatic elevations of liver enzyme levels, nonspecific hepatitis, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and autoimmune and cholestatic liver disease. Moreover, in the majority of patients, liver enzyme levels will normalize on a gluten-free diet. In addition, celiac disease may be associated with rare hepatic complications, such as hepatic T-cell lymphoma. Because many celiac patients do not have overt gastrointestinal symptoms, a high index of suspicion is required. Simple methods of detecting celiac disease such as serum antibody tests help in the early identification of the disease, thus preventing serious complications of the disorder. The IgG DGP antibody test and IgA tTG antibody test used in combination are an excellent screening test for suspected cases of celiac disease.},
   Accession Number = {21994857},
   DOI = {10.4061/2011/438184},
   year = {2011},
   type = {Ref–rence Type}
}

@article{
   author = {Pulido, O. M. and Gillespie, Z. and Zarkadas, M. and Dubois, S. and Vavasour, E. and Rashid, M. and Switzer, C. and Godefroy, S. B.},
   title = {Introduction of oats in the diet of individuals with celiac disease: a systematic review},
   journal = {Adv Food Nutr Res},
   volume = {57},
   pages = {235-85},
   note = {Pulido, Olga M
Gillespie, Zoe
Zarkadas, Marion
Dubois, Sheila
Vavasour, Elizabeth
Rashid, Mohsin
Switzer, Connie
Godefroy, Samuel Benrejeb
Journal Article
Review
United States
Adv Food Nutr Res. 2009;57:235-85. doi: 10.1016/S1043-4526(09)57006-4.},
   abstract = {Celiac disease is an immune-mediated disease, triggered in genetically susceptible individuals by ingested gluten from wheat, rye, barley, and other closely related cereal grains. The only treatment for celiac disease is a strict gluten-free diet for life. This paper presents a systematic review of the scientific literature on the safety of pure oats for individuals with celiac disease, which historically has been subject to debate. Limitations identified within the scientific database include: limited data on long-term consumption, limited numbers of participants in challenge studies, and limited reporting about the reasons for withdrawals from study protocols. Furthermore, some evidence suggests that a small number of individuals with celiac disease may be intolerant to pure oats and some evidence from in vitro studies suggests that an immunological response to oat avenins can occur in the absence of clinical manifestations of celiac disease as well as suggesting that oat cultivars vary in toxicity. Based on the majority of the evidence provided in the scientific database, and despite the limitations, Health Canada and the Canadian Celiac Association (CCA) concluded that the majority of people with celiac disease can tolerate moderate amounts of pure oats. The incorporation of oats into a gluten-free diet provides high fiber and vitamin B content, increased palatability, and beneficial effects on cardiovascular health. However, it is recommended that individuals with celiac disease should have both initial and long-term assessments by a health professional when introducing pure oats into a gluten-free diet.},
   keywords = {Adult
Avena/*adverse effects/chemistry/immunology
Celiac Disease/*diet therapy/*immunology
Child
Clinical Trials as Topic
Dermatitis Herpetiformis/diet therapy/immunology
*Diet, Gluten-Free
Functional Food/adverse effects
Glutens/toxicity
Humans
Nutritive Value
Prolamins/administration & dosage/adverse effects/chemistry/immunology
Quality Control
Seeds/*chemistry
Species Specificity},
   ISSN = {1043-4526 (Print)
1043-4526},
   Accession Number = {19595389},
   DOI = {10.1016/s1043-4526(09)57006-4},
   year = {2009},
   type = {Ref–rence Type}
}

@article{
   author = {Qiao, S. W. and Sollid, L. M. and Blumberg, R. S.},
   title = {Antigen presentation in celiac disease},
   journal = {Curr Opin Immunol},
   volume = {21},
   number = {1},
   pages = {111-7},
   note = {1879-0372
Qiao, Shuo-Wang
Sollid, Ludvig M
Blumberg, Richard S
R37 DK044319/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
DK51362/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
R01 DK088199/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
DK44319/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
R01 DK051362/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
R01 DK053056/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
P30 DK034854/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
DK34854/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
R01 DK044319/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
DK53056/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review
England
Curr Opin Immunol. 2009 Feb;21(1):111-7. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2009.03.004. Epub 2009 Apr 1.},
   abstract = {Celiac disease is caused by an inappropriate immune response to ingested gluten proteins. As a dietary antigen, gluten undergoes extensive but incomplete proteolytic digestion in the intestinal lumen. The resultant peptide fragments of gluten require deamidation, but not necessarily further intracellular processing for presentation. Recent studies reveal why the disease associated HLA-DQ2 molecule is particularly suited for binding proline-rich gluten peptides. In comparison, DQ8 exhibits different binding characteristics, which may explain the lesser risk for disease in association with this molecule.},
   keywords = {Animals
*Antigen Presentation
Antigens, Plant/immunology/metabolism
Celiac Disease/genetics/*immunology
GTP-Binding Proteins/immunology/metabolism
Genetic Predisposition to Disease
Glutens/immunology/metabolism
HLA-DQ Antigens/immunology
Humans
Intestinal Mucosa/*immunology/metabolism
Peptide Fragments/*immunology/metabolism
Protein Binding/*immunology
Protein Processing, Post-Translational
Protein Transport
Transglutaminases/immunology/metabolism},
   ISSN = {0952-7915},
   Accession Number = {19342211},
   DOI = {10.1016/j.coi.2009.03.004},
   year = {2009},
   type = {Ref–rence Type}
}

@article{
   author = {Quail, M. A. and Russell, R. K. and Bellamy, C. and Mieli-Vergani, G. and Gillett, P. M.},
   title = {Seronegative autoimmune hepatitis presenting after diagnosis of coeliac disease: a case report},
   journal = {Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol},
   volume = {21},
   number = {5},
   pages = {576-9},
   note = {1473-5687
Quail, Michael A
Russell, Richard K
Bellamy, Chris
Mieli-Vergani, Giorgina
Gillett, Peter M
Case Reports
Journal Article
England
Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2009 May;21(5):576-9. doi: 10.1097/MEG.0b013e3282fa1400.},
   abstract = {The relationship between liver dysfunction and coeliac disease is well established, ranging from transaminitis to chronic liver disease. In this report, we describe for the first time the development of a 'seronegative' autoimmune hepatitis in a teenager previously diagnosed with coeliac disease. He had normal liver function tests (LFTs) at diagnosis and was strictly compliant with a gluten-free diet. On screening blood tests at 1 year post diagnosis, he presented with raised LFTs leading to a diagnosis of autoimmune hepatitis on liver biopsy, successfully treated with mycophenolate mofetil. By using screening LFTs, we may well have prevented this patient from developing disease complications.},
   keywords = {Adolescent
Celiac Disease/*complications/diet therapy
Follow-Up Studies
Hepatitis, Autoimmune/drug therapy/*etiology
Humans
Immunosuppressive Agents/therapeutic use
Male
Mycophenolic Acid/analogs & derivatives/therapeutic use},
   ISSN = {0954-691x},
   Accession Number = {19318969},
   DOI = {10.1097/MEG.0b013e3282fa1400},
   year = {2009},
   type = {Ref–rence Type}
}

@article{
   author = {Quattrin, R. and Saveri, E. and Calligaris, L. and Brusaferro, S.},
   title = {Italian public school: a survey to estimate teachers' knowledge and perception on prevention and management of nutrition related pathologies},
   journal = {Ig Sanita Pubbl},
   volume = {65},
   number = {2},
   pages = {99-108},
   note = {Quattrin, Rosanna
Saveri, Erica
Calligaris, Laura
Brusaferro, Silvio
Journal Article
Multicenter Study
Italy
Ig Sanita Pubbl. 2009 Mar-Apr;65(2):99-108.},
   abstract = {AIMS: This study aims to estimate the current knowledge of nursery and primary school reference teachers about nutrition related pathologies, their prevention and control. METHODS: The study was conducted during April-June 2006 sending a questionnaire to 24 School Directions of nursery and primary schools in a Northern Italian region (Friuli Venezia Giulia). RESULTS: Considering all the schools we obtained a global response rate of 82.3% (115/142): 73.7% (42/57) of nursery schools and 85.9% (73/85) of primary school. 86.1% (99/115) of teachers thought that doing programmes aimed to improve nutrition behaviours is effective. 98.3% (113/115) of teachers answered that favourite fats in the diet are vegetables, 23.5% (27/115) that 55%-60% of the total caloric intake in children diet should consist in carbohydrates, 37.4% (43/115) ticked correct definition of diabetes. 75.7% (87/115) of interviewed teachers explain the term Body Mass Index correctly and 42.6% (49/115) know the cut-off between normal weight and overweight. CONCLUSION: analysing the levels of importance attributed by teachers to nutrition issues, it emerges a noteworthy interest on this topic. This should be a stimulus to promote projects and training courses on this topic.},
   keywords = {Body Mass Index
Body Weight
Celiac Disease/prevention & control
Child
Child Nutrition Disorders/diet therapy/epidemiology/*prevention & control
Child, Preschool
Diabetes Mellitus/prevention & control
Faculty/*statistics & numerical data
Health Behavior
*Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice
Humans
Italy/epidemiology
Motor Activity
Obesity/prevention & control
Overweight/prevention & control
Schools/*statistics & numerical data
Schools, Nursery/statistics & numerical data
*Surveys and Questionnaires},
   ISSN = {0019-1639 (Print)
0019-1639},
   Accession Number = {19529042},
   year = {2009},
   type = {Ref–rence Type}
}

@article{
   author = {Quera, R. and Heine, T. C. and A, O. Brien and Contreras, L.},
   title = {[Celiac disease presenting as an intestinal intussusception: report of one case]},
   journal = {Rev Med Chil},
   volume = {138},
   number = {10},
   pages = {1276-80},
   note = {Quera, Rodrigo
Heine T, Claudio
O Brien, Andres
Contreras, Luis
Case Reports
English Abstract
Journal Article
Chile
Rev Med Chil. 2010 Oct;138(10):1276-80. doi: /S0034-98872010001100011. Epub 2011 Jan 10.},
   abstract = {Acute abdominal pain caused by perforation, intestinal lymphoma or intussusception is an uncommon manifestation in adult celiac disease. We report a 49 year-old female with history of irritable bowel syndrome and osteoporosis consulting for acute abdominal pain and severe abdominal distention. Abdominal CT scan and magnetic resonance imaging showed a jejunal intussusception and other radiological alterations that suggested the possibility of celiac disease. Serological antibodies (endomysial and transglutaminase antibodies), endoscopy and the pathological study of duodenal biopsies confirmed the diagnosis. With a gluten free diet, the patient remains asymptomatic.},
   keywords = {Celiac Disease/*complications
Female
Humans
Intussusception/*etiology
Jejunal Diseases/*etiology
Middle Aged},
   ISSN = {0034-9887 (Print)
0034-9887},
   Accession Number = {21279275},
   DOI = {/S0034-98872010001100011},
   year = {2010},
   type = {Ref–rence Type}
}

@article{
   author = {Quinton-Gladstone, C. L. and Hotte, S. J. and Adachi, J. D. and Greenwald, E. and Parasu, N.},
   title = {Case report: Celiac disease masquerading as bone metastasis in a 29-year-old woman},
   journal = {J Clin Oncol},
   volume = {28},
   number = {31},
   pages = {e623-5},
   note = {1527-7755
Quinton-Gladstone, Cindy L
Hotte, Sebastien J
Adachi, Jonathan D
Greenwald, Eric
Parasu, Naveen
Case Reports
Journal Article
United States
J Clin Oncol. 2010 Nov 1;28(31):e623-5. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2010.29.6269. Epub 2010 Aug 30.},
   keywords = {Adult
Bone Diseases, Metabolic/*diagnosis/diagnostic imaging/etiology/metabolism
Bone Neoplasms/*diagnosis/*secondary
Bone and Bones/diagnostic imaging/metabolism
Celiac Disease/complications/*diagnosis/therapy
Diagnosis, Differential
Diet, Gluten-Free
Ergocalciferols/administration & dosage/*therapeutic use
Female
Humans
Neoplasms, Unknown Primary/pathology
Radiography
Radionuclide Imaging},
   ISSN = {0732-183x},
   Accession Number = {20805461},
   DOI = {10.1200/jco.2010.29.6269},
   year = {2010},
   type = {Ref–rence Type}
}

@article{
   author = {Rachid, B. and Zouhayr, S. and Chtaou, N. and Messouak, O. and Belahsen, F.},
   title = {[Ischemic stroke revealing celiac disease]},
   journal = {Pan Afr Med J},
   volume = {5},
   pages = {2},
   note = {1937-8688
Rachid, Belfkih
Zouhayr, Souirti
Chtaou, Naima
Messouak, Ouafae
Belahsen, Faouzi
Case Reports
Journal Article
Uganda
Pan Afr Med J. 2010 Apr 11;5:2.},
   keywords = {Brain Ischemia/prevention & control
Celiac Disease/blood/*complications/diagnosis/diet therapy
Diet, Gluten-Free
Duodenum/pathology
Humans
Hydroxocobalamin/therapeutic use
Hyperhomocysteinemia/blood/drug therapy
Male
Middle Aged
Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors/therapeutic use
Stroke/*complications/prevention & control
Vitamin B 12 Deficiency/diagnosis/drug therapy
Vitamin B Complex/therapeutic use},
   Accession Number = {21120001},
   year = {2010},
   type = {Ref–rence Type}
}

@article{
   author = {Radlovic, N. and Mladenovic, M. and Lekovic, Z. and Ristic, D. and Pavlovic, M. and Stojsic, Z. and Vuletic, B. and Radlovic, V. and Nikolic, D. and Djurdjevid, J. and Gaji, M.},
   title = {Lactose intolerance in infants with gluten-sensitive enteropathy: frequency and clinical characteristics},
   journal = {Srp Arh Celok Lek},
   volume = {137},
   number = {1-2},
   pages = {33-7},
   note = {Radlovic, Nedeljko
Mladenovic, Marija
Lekovic, Zoran
Ristic, Dragana
Pavlovic, Momcilo
Stojsic, Zorica
Vuletic, Biljana
Radlovic, Vladimir
Nikolic, Dejan
Djurdjevid, Jelena
Gaji, Milan
Journal Article
Serbia
Srp Arh Celok Lek. 2009 Jan-Feb;137(1-2):33-7.},
   abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Secondary lactose intolerance (SLI) belongs to the rarer manifestations of gluten-sensitive enteropathy (GSE). It occurs in more severe forms of the disease and its presence contributes significantly to the degree of its expression. OBJECTIVE: The goal of the study was to determine the frequency of SLI in infants with clinically classic form of GSE, as well as its relationship with the duration, severity and age at the diagnosis of the basic disease and the degree of small bowel mucosa damage. METHODS: The study was based on a sample of 42 infants, 30 female and 12 male, aged 7-12 months (x = 9.98 +/- 1.69), with a clinically classic form of GSE. The diagnosis of GSE was established based on the characteristic pathohistological appearance of small bowel mucosa and clinical improvement of patients on gluten-free diet, while SLI on pathological lactose or milk tolerance test. The assessment of basic disease severity was based on body mass divergence in relation to the standard value, as well as on Hb and serum iron levels, while the degree of small bowel mucosa damage was determined according to the modified Marsh criteria. RESULTS: SLI was verified in 8/42 or 19.05% of patients. In addition to the symptoms and clinical signs of GSE, all the patients with SLI also featured the problems characteristic of lactose tolerance disorders, i.e. watery diarrhoea, borborygmus and meteorism occurring after milk meals. In addition, all had perianal erythema (6 with erosive changes), as well as destructive enteropathy (5 subtotal and 3 total). The difference in the duration of the basic disease, age at diagnosis, as well as in the degree of body mass deviation from the standard value between the lactose-tolerant and lactose-intolerant infants was not found. In addition, no difference in Hb and serum iron levels or in the degree of small bowel mucosa damage was found between the two groups. CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that SLI presents a relatively frequent occurrence in infants with clinically classic GSE, as well as that it occurs independently to the duration, severity and age at diagnosis of the basic disease and the degree of small bowel mucosa damage.},
   keywords = {Celiac Disease/complications/*diagnosis/pathology
Female
Humans
Infant
Intestinal Mucosa/pathology
Lactose Intolerance/complications/*diagnosis/pathology
Male},
   ISSN = {0370-8179 (Print)
0370-8179},
   Accession Number = {19370963},
   year = {2009},
   type = {Ref–rence Type}
}

@article{
   author = {Radlovic, N. and Mladenovic, M. and Lekovic, Z. and Zivanovic, D. and Brdar, R. and Radlovic, V. and Ristic, D. and Pavlovic, M. and Stojsic, Z. and Vuletic, B. and Djurdjevic, J. and Gajic, M.},
   title = {Effect of gluten-free diet on the growth and nutritional status of children with coeliac disease},
   journal = {Srp Arh Celok Lek},
   volume = {137},
   number = {11-12},
   pages = {632-7},
   note = {Radlovic, Nedeljko
Mladenovic, Marija
Lekovic, Zoran
Zivanovic, Dragana
Brdar, Radivoj
Radlovic, Vladimir
Ristic, Dragana
Pavlovic, Momcilo
Stojsic, Zorica
Vuletic, Biljana
Djurdjevic, Jelena
Gajic, Milan
Journal Article
Serbia
Srp Arh Celok Lek. 2009 Nov-Dec;137(11-12):632-7.},
   abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Gluten-free diet (GFD) presents the basis of coeliac disease (CD) treatment. If strictly applied, the disorders of the small bowel mucosa and other disease signs rapidly resolve. OBJECTIVE: The goal of the study was to evaluate the effect of GFD on the growth and nutritional status of children with the classical form of CD. In addition, we analyzed the differences between these parameters with the duration and the patients' compliance with GFD. METHODS: The study goals were achieved on a sample of 90 children, 56 female and 34 male, aged 0.5-7.5 (1.53 +/- 1.05) years, with the classic CD diagnosed on the basis of typical pathohistological findings of the small bowel mucosa and clinical recovery of patients on GFD. The duration of the patients' follow-up was 1.08-8.75 (3.03 +/- 1.14) years, i.e. until the age of 2.5-15 (4.59 +/- 1.78) years. The initial and control values of body height (BH) in relation to matched values for age and gender were expressed in percentiles, while the deviation in body weight (BW) for the matched values of height and gender was expressed in percentages. The referent haemoglobin (Hb) rate in blood, as a laboratory indicator of nutritional status in children aged up to 5 years was > or = 110 g/L, and for those aged above 5 years it was > or = 115 g/L Compliance with GFD was based on the pathohistological findings of the small bowel mucosa or determination of tissue transglutaminase. RESULTS: Over the studied period, the effect of GFD was highly significant, both on the increase of BH percentiles (37.62 +/- 26.26 vs. 57.22 +/- 25.29; p < 0.001), and on the decrease of BW deficit 11.58 +/- 10.80 vs. 0.89 +/- 8.194; p < 0.001). After the treatment period, none of the children showed slowed growth rate or BW deficit above 20%, while BW deviation ranging between 10-20% in relation to the referent values was registered in 17 (18.19%) and the excess of over 20% in 2 patients. In 86 (95.56%) patients, control Hb values in blood were normal, while mild anaemia was registered in 4 patients, all compliant with GFD. The difference between the compliant and non-compliant patients with GFD was not detected either in BH percentiles (p = 0.586) or in BW percentage deviation as compared to standard values (p = 0.516) or in blood Hb values (p = 0.445). In addition, differences between the children on GFD lasting over and below 3 years were not detected either in BH percentiles (p = 0.915) or in BW deviation percentages in relation to the ideal rate (p = 0.476). CONCLUSION: GFD applied for 1-3 years has a highly significant effect on the growth rate and nutritional status of children with the classical form of CD. Significant differences in these parameters of the disease were not detected between strictly compliant and non-compliant patients on GFD.},
   keywords = {Celiac Disease/*diet therapy/physiopathology
Child
Child, Preschool
*Diet, Gluten-Free
Female
*Growth
Humans
Infant
Male
*Nutritional Status},
   ISSN = {0370-8179 (Print)
0370-8179},
   Accession Number = {20069920},
   year = {2009},
   type = {Ref–rence Type}
}

@article{
   author = {Rajani, S. and Huynh, H. Q. and Turner, J.},
   title = {The changing frequency of celiac disease diagnosed at the Stollery Children's Hospital},
   journal = {Can J Gastroenterol},
   volume = {24},
   number = {2},
   pages = {109-12},
   note = {Rajani, Seema
Huynh, Hien Q
Turner, Justine
Journal Article
Canada
Can J Gastroenterol. 2010 Feb;24(2):109-12.},
   abstract = {BACKGROUND: Celiac disease (CD) is recognized as one of the most common and important autoimmune gastrointestinal disorders affecting children. There is evidence that a diagnosis of CD during childhood improves health outcomes. The increasing prevalence of CD is due to increased awareness of the wide range of extraintestinal symptoms associated with CD. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether there has been a temporal increase in the diagnosis of CD associated with an increased diagnosis of children without typical gastrointestinal symptoms at the Stollery Children's Hospital (Edmonton, Alberta). METHODS: Patients with biopsy-proven CD diagnosed at the Stollery Children's Hospital from 1998 to 2007, were identified by retrospective chart review. Baseline and follow-up data, including demographics, symptoms, risk factors, anthropometrics and laboratory investigations, were collected. RESULTS: An increase in the frequency of diagnosis of CD was noted during the study period, particularly from January 2003 onward. Before January 2003, nine children were diagnosed with CD - all with typical symptoms. Between January 2003 and January 2007, inclusive, 149 children were diagnosed with CD, of whom 46% had absent or atypical symptoms. At follow-up, 96% of patients reported improved symptoms, including 53% of individuals who reported being asymptomatic before diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: In the last four years of the period studied, the number of children diagnosed with CD at Stollery Children's Hospital increased 11-fold. Screening children at risk for CD, and those with atypical presentations, contributed to the increased number of diagnoses. Identification of CD and establishment of lifelong, dietary gluten avoidance during childhood has important health benefits and should be encouraged.},
   keywords = {Alberta/epidemiology
Bone Density
Celiac Disease/diagnosis/*epidemiology
Child
Child, Preschool
Chronic Disease
Female
Hospitals, Pediatric
Humans
Male
Prevalence
Retrospective Studies},
   ISSN = {0835-7900 (Print)
0835-7900},
   Accession Number = {20151069},
   year = {2010},
   type = {Ref–rence Type}
}

@article{
   author = {Rajput, R. and Chatterjee, S.},
   title = {Primary infertility as a rare presentation of celiac disease},
   journal = {Fertil Steril},
   volume = {94},
   number = {7},
   pages = {2771.e5-7},
   note = {1556-5653
Rajput, Rajesh
Chatterjee, Sumanto
Case Reports
Journal Article
United States
Fertil Steril. 2010 Dec;94(7):2771.e5-7. doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2010.04.032. Epub 2010 May 26.},
   abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To report a case of a woman presenting with primary infertility who on investigation was found to have celiac disease and had a successful conception when on a gluten-free diet for a period of 8 months. DESIGN: Case report. SETTING: Tertiary care university hospital. PATIENT(S): A 30-year-old female patient with primary infertility. INTERVENTION(S): Gluten-free diet. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Successful pregnancy. RESULT(S): On investigation she had microcytic hypochromic anemia and high titers of IgA tissue transglutaminase. Duodenal biopsy was done and histology was suggestive of celiac disease. The patient was put on gluten-free diet. Eight months later she had a successful conception. CONCLUSION(S): We suggest that celiac disease should be checked in infertile patients of unexplainable etiology with anemia, as just changing their diet can solve their fertility problem.},
   keywords = {Adult
Biopsy
Celiac Disease/*complications/*diagnosis/diet therapy/pathology
Diet, Gluten-Free
Duodenum/immunology/pathology
Female
Humans
Infertility, Female/*diagnosis/diet therapy/*etiology/pathology
Pregnancy
Treatment Outcome},
   ISSN = {0015-0282},
   Accession Number = {20537625},
   DOI = {10.1016/j.fertnstert.2010.04.032},
   year = {2010},
   type = {Ref–rence Type}
}

@article{
   author = {Rakhimova, M. and Esslinger, B. and Schulze-Krebs, A. and Hahn, E. G. and Schuppan, D. and Dieterich, W.},
   title = {In vitro differentiation of human monocytes into dendritic cells by peptic-tryptic digest of gliadin is independent of genetic predisposition and the presence of celiac disease},
   journal = {J Clin Immunol},
   volume = {29},
   number = {1},
   pages = {29-37},
   note = {1573-2592
Rakhimova, Maryam
Esslinger, Birgit
Schulze-Krebs, Anja
Hahn, Eckhart G
Schuppan, Detlef
Dieterich, Walburga
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Netherlands
J Clin Immunol. 2009 Jan;29(1):29-37. doi: 10.1007/s10875-008-9228-x. Epub 2008 Aug 12.},
   abstract = {INTRODUCTION: This study was done to further reveal the role of the innate immune system in celiac disease. METHODS: Dendritic cells were matured from venous blood of patients with active or treated celiac disease and DQ2-DQ8-positive or negative controls. Dendritic cells were treated with a peptic-tryptic digest of gliadin (500 microg/ml) and their activation was analyzed by fluorescent-activated cell sorting analysis, cytokine secretion, and their ability to elicit T cell proliferation. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Gliadin upregulated interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and IL-12 (p40) secretion in dendritic cells and induced strong expression of the maturation markers human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR, CD25, CD83, and CD86 of all subjects irrespective of their genotype or the presence of disease, whereas the digest of bovine serum albumin showed no effect. However, gliadin-stimulated dendritic cells from active celiac showed enhanced stimulation of autologous T cells compared to the other groups. CONCLUSION: Further research should be aimed at identifying the mechanisms that control inflammation in healthy individuals.},
   keywords = {Adult
Aged
Antigens, CD/immunology/metabolism
Antigens, CD86/immunology/metabolism
Celiac Disease/genetics/*immunology/metabolism
Cytokines/biosynthesis/immunology
Dendritic Cells/drug effects/*immunology/metabolism
Female
Genetic Predisposition to Disease
Genotype
Gliadin/chemistry/*immunology/pharmacology
HLA-DR Antigens/immunology/metabolism
Humans
Immunoglobulins/immunology/metabolism
Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit/immunology/metabolism
Male
Membrane Glycoproteins/immunology/metabolism
Middle Aged
Monocytes/drug effects/*immunology/metabolism
T-Lymphocytes/*immunology/metabolism
Trypsin/chemistry
Up-Regulation/immunology},
   ISSN = {0271-9142},
   Accession Number = {18696220},
   DOI = {10.1007/s10875-008-9228-x},
   year = {2009},
   type = {Ref–rence Type}
}

@article{
   author = {Rana, K. S. and Puri, P. and Badwal, S.},
   title = {Prevalence of Celiac Disease in Children with Unexplained Failure to Thrive},
   journal = {Med J Armed Forces India},
   volume = {66},
   number = {2},
   pages = {134-7},
   note = {Rana, K S
Puri, P
Badwal, S
Journal Article
India
Med J Armed Forces India. 2010 Apr;66(2):134-7. doi: 10.1016/S0377-1237(10)80125-X. Epub 2011 Jul 21.},
   abstract = {BACKGROUND: Gluten sensitive enteropathy or celiac disease (CD) is a disorder of small bowel that occurs upon exposure to gluten. A total of 67 children of either sex in the age group of 1-12 years with unexplained failure to thrive were studied for the prevalence of CD. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study. It included detailed history, clinical assessment, estimation of anti gliadin (AGA), tissue transglutaminase antibodies (tTGA) and duodenal biopsy. Treatment with gluten free diet and follow-up of diagnosed cases was done for one year. RESULT: Sixteen cases (23.88%) had villous atrophy and positive serology, essential criteria for the diagnosis of CD. Forty six (69%) children were between 4-12 years of age. Male to female ratio was 2.3:1. Main symptoms were irritability (63%), diarrhea (56%) and weight loss (56%). Thirty seven (56%) children had weight less than 3(rd) percentile. tTGA was 100% sensitive and 90.2% specific. Duodenal biopsy showed decreased villious-crypt ratio in 81.25% and intra epithelial lymphocytosis in 81% children (p<0.000001). All the confirmed cases were advised strict gluten free diet for one year. On follow-up at six months, all children showed improvement in their symptoms and weight gain. CONCLUSION: CD is an important cause of unexplained failure to thrive in children.},
   keywords = {Celiac disease
Failure to thrive},
   ISSN = {0377-1237 (Print)
0377-1237},
   Accession Number = {27365725},
   DOI = {10.1016/s0377-1237(10)80125-x},
   year = {2010},
   type = {Ref–rence Type}
}

@article{
   author = {Rana, S. V. and Sharma, S. and Sinha, S. K. and Kaur, J. and Prasad, K. K. and Singh, K.},
   title = {Influence of previously ingested wheat on fasting breath hydrogen in celiac patients},
   journal = {Dig Dis Sci},
   volume = {54},
   number = {6},
   pages = {1276-9},
   note = {1573-2568
Rana, S V
Sharma, S
Sinha, S K
Kaur, J
Prasad, K K
Singh, K
Journal Article
United States
Dig Dis Sci. 2009 Jun;54(6):1276-9. doi: 10.1007/s10620-008-0496-3. Epub 2008 Oct 29.},
   abstract = {The excretion of hydrogen in breath commonly persists, despite an overnight fast. Although the elevation of hydrogen concentration above the fasting value after the administration of a test sugar is evidence of malabsorption, the level of the fasting value itself in untreated celiac patients is unknown. Therefore, we studied the fasting breath hydrogen (FBH(2)) concentration in 40 healthy controls, 35 subjects with functional bowel disorders, and 30 patients of untreated celiac disease with and without bread or wheat diet one day before the test. The fasting level of hydrogen concentration in untreated celiac patients (28.7 +/- 19.5 ppm) was significantly higher than those in healthy volunteers (9.5 +/- 3.4 ppm) and subjects with functional bowel disorders (10.6 +/- 4.5 ppm). The percentage of patients with elevated H(2) fasting levels in untreated celiac disease (82.5%) was significantly higher than that in healthy controls (10%) and subjects with functional bowel disorders (17.1%). In 30 celiac patients, studied with and without wheat-free diet one day before the test, the fasting hydrogen levels decreased from 28.7 +/- 19.5 ppm to 10.6 +/- 3.5 ppm, and becoming normal in all patients of celiac disease. Our results show that the patients of untreated celiac disease should be instructed not to eat things made up of wheat one day before hydrogen breath testing so that the normal fasting hydrogen concentration can be obtained and false-negative hydrogen breath test results can be avoided.},
   keywords = {Adolescent
Adult
*Breath Tests
Celiac Disease/*metabolism
Dietary Carbohydrates/metabolism
Fasting
Female
Glutens/administration & dosage
Humans
Hydrogen/*metabolism
Male
Middle Aged
*Triticum
Young Adult},
   ISSN = {0163-2116},
   Accession Number = {18958623},
   DOI = {10.1007/s10620-008-0496-3},
   year = {2009},
   type = {Ref–rence Type}
}

@article{
   author = {Rashid, M. and Butzner, J. D. and Warren, R. and Molloy, M. and Case, S. and Zarkadas, M. and Burrows, V. and Switzer, C.},
   title = {Home blood testing for celiac disease: recommendations for management},
   journal = {Can Fam Physician},
   volume = {55},
   number = {2},
   pages = {151-3},
   note = {1715-5258
Rashid, Mohsin
Butzner, J Decker
Warren, Ralph
Molloy, Mavis
Case, Shelley
Zarkadas, Marion
Burrows, Vernon
Switzer, Connie
Journal Article
Review
Canada
Can Fam Physician. 2009 Feb;55(2):151-3.},
   abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To provide recommendations for the management of patients who inquire about the Health Canada-approved, self-administered home blood tests for celiac disease or who present with positive test results after using the self-testing kit SOURCES OF INFORMATION: PubMed and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were searched from January 1985 to April 2008, using the subject headings diagnosis of celiac disease and management or treatment of celiac disease. Guidelines for serologic testing and confirmation of diagnosis of celiac disease by the American Gastroenterological Association and the North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition are used in this review. Level 1 evidence was used. MAIN MESSAGE: Although blood tests are helpful for screening purposes, the confirmatory test for celiac disease is a small intestinal biopsy. CONCLUSION: Patients whose blood tests for celiac disease provide positive results should have endoscopic small intestinal biopsies to confirm the diagnosis before starting a gluten-free diet.},
   keywords = {Biopsy, Needle
Blood Chemical Analysis
Canada
Celiac Disease/*blood/diagnosis/diet therapy
Child
Diet, Gluten-Free
Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal
False Positive Reactions
Female
Glutens/*blood/metabolism
Humans
Male
*Practice Guidelines as Topic
Risk Assessment
*Self Care
Sensitivity and Specificity
Severity of Illness Index},
   ISSN = {0008-350x},
   Accession Number = {19221072},
   year = {2009},
   type = {Ref–rence Type}
}

@article{
   author = {Rashid, M. and Khan, A. G.},
   title = {Celiac disease in Pakistan: challenges and opportunities},
   journal = {J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad},
   volume = {21},
   number = {3},
   pages = {1-2},
   note = {Rashid, Mohsin
Khan, Aamir Ghafoor
Editorial
Pakistan
J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad. 2009 Jul-Sep;21(3):1-2.},
   keywords = {Celiac Disease/diagnosis/*epidemiology/prevention & control
Diet, Gluten-Free
Humans
Pakistan/epidemiology},
   ISSN = {1025-9589 (Print)
1025-9589},
   Accession Number = {20929000},
   year = {2009},
   type = {Ref–rence Type}
}

@article{
   author = {Rashtak, S. and Marietta, E. V. and Murray, J. A.},
   title = {Celiac sprue: a unique autoimmune disorder},
   journal = {Expert Rev Clin Immunol},
   volume = {5},
   number = {5},
   pages = {593-604},
   note = {1744-8409
Rashtak, Shadi
Marietta, Eric V
Murray, Joseph A
R01 DK071003/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
R01 DK057892/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
R01 DK057892-09/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
R56 DK071003/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
R56 DK071003-05/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
Journal Article
England
Expert Rev Clin Immunol. 2009 Sep;5(5):593-604. doi: 10.1586/eci.09.30.},
   abstract = {Celiac sprue (CS) is a gluten-sensitive enteropathy with many autoimmune features. CS involves multiple organs through immune and nonimmune processes, and is frequently associated with other autoimmune disorders. This article reviews the co-occurrence of CS with autoimmune disorders of the cutaneous, nervous, endocrine, musculoskeletal, gastrointestinal and cardiovascular systems. The types of autoimmune disorders associated with CS and the prevalence of CS in other autoimmune disorders are also discussed. A brief review of the literature on the potential mechanisms behind these associations and the therapeutic effects of a gluten-free diet for autoimmune comorbidities in CS is also provided.},
   ISSN = {1744-666x},
   Accession Number = {20477645},
   DOI = {10.1586/eci.09.30},
   year = {2009},
   type = {Ref–rence Type}
}

@article{
   author = {Rashtak, S. and Murray, J. A.},
   title = {Celiac disease in the elderly},
   journal = {Gastroenterol Clin North Am},
   volume = {38},
   number = {3},
   pages = {433-46},
   note = {1558-1942
Rashtak, Shadi
Murray, Joseph A
R01 DK071003/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
R01 DK057892/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
DK57892/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
R56 DK071003/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
R01 DK057892-08/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
R56 DK071003-05/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
DK71003/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review
United States
Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 2009 Sep;38(3):433-46. doi: 10.1016/j.gtc.2009.06.005.},
   abstract = {It has become apparent recently that celiac disease, once believed to be primarily a childhood disease, can affect people of any age. Epidemiologic studies have suggested that a substantial portion of patients are diagnosed after the age of 50. Indeed, in one study, the median age at the diagnosis was just under the age of 50 with one-third of new patients diagnosed being older than 65 years. The purpose of this review is to address the prevalence, clinical features, diagnosis, and consequences of celiac disease in the elderly. The authors also review management strategies for celiac disease and adjust these with emphasis on the particular nutritional and nonnutritional consequences or associations of celiac disease as they pertain to the elderly.},
   keywords = {Aged
Autoimmune Diseases
Celiac Disease/*complications/*diagnosis/diet therapy/epidemiology
Diet, Gluten-Free
Humans
Neoplasms/complications
Treatment Failure},
   ISSN = {0889-8553},
   Accession Number = {19699406},
   DOI = {10.1016/j.gtc.2009.06.005},
   year = {2009},
   type = {Ref–rence Type}
}

@article{
   author = {Rawal, P. and Thapa, B. R. and Prasad, R. and Prasad, K. K. and Nain, C. K. and Singh, K.},
   title = {Zinc supplementation to patients with celiac disease--is it required?},
   journal = {J Trop Pediatr},
   volume = {56},
   number = {6},
   pages = {391-7},
   note = {1465-3664
Rawal, Pawan
Thapa, Babu Ram
Prasad, Rajendra
Prasad, Kaushal Kishor
Nain, Chander Kanwal
Singh, Kartar
Journal Article
Randomized Controlled Trial
England
J Trop Pediatr. 2010 Dec;56(6):391-7. doi: 10.1093/tropej/fmq011. Epub 2010 Feb 21.},
   abstract = {BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: This study was conducted to evaluate plasma levels of zinc in children with celiac disease, to correlate plasma zinc levels among the celiacs with short stature and diarrhea and to compare plasma zinc levels in deficient patients on gluten-free diet (GFD) with or without 4 weeks of zinc supplementation. METHODS: A total of 134 patients underwent plasma zinc estimation at baseline and after a four week period. Zinc-deficient patients were randomly assigned to two groups. Group G (n = 48) received GFD without zinc supplementation, Group G + Z (n = 48) received GFD with zinc supplementation for 4 weeks. RESULTS: The rise in plasma Zinc levels was significant in each group regardless of zinc supplementation but similar when compared in the two groups after 4 weeks. Mean zinc levels at baseline and increase in zinc levels were statistically similar at 4 weeks in patients with diarrhea and short stature. CONCLUSIONS: Zinc levels rise with GFD irrespective of zinc supplementation.},
   keywords = {Adolescent
Body Height
Celiac Disease/*blood/diagnosis/*diet therapy
Child
Child, Preschool
Diarrhea/etiology
*Diet, Gluten-Free
Dietary Supplements
Female
Follow-Up Studies
Humans
Infant
Male
Treatment Outcome
Zinc/*blood/deficiency/*therapeutic use},
   ISSN = {0142-6338},
   Accession Number = {20176568},
   DOI = {10.1093/tropej/fmq011},
   year = {2010},
   type = {Ref–rence Type}
}

@article{
   author = {Reggoug, S. and Benzzoubeir, N. and Ouazzani, L. and Errabih, I. and Krami, H. and Ouazzani, H.},
   title = {[Celiac disease complicated by a squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus: a case report]},
   journal = {Gastroenterol Clin Biol},
   volume = {34},
   number = {1},
   pages = {83-4},
   note = {Reggoug, S
Benzzoubeir, N
Ouazzani, L
Errabih, I
Krami, H
Ouazzani, H
Case Reports
Letter
France
Gastroenterol Clin Biol. 2010 Jan;34(1):83-4. doi: 10.1016/j.gcb.2009.08.010. Epub 2009 Oct 28.},
   keywords = {Adult
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/*complications/diagnosis/therapy
Celiac Disease/*complications/diet therapy
Esophageal Neoplasms/*complications/diagnosis/therapy
Esophageal Stenosis/etiology
Esophagoscopy
Fatal Outcome
Female
Humans
Patient Compliance},
   ISSN = {0399-8320 (Print)
0399-8320},
   Accession Number = {19875258},
   DOI = {10.1016/j.gcb.2009.08.010},
   year = {2010},
   type = {Ref–rence Type}
}

@article{
   author = {Riches, P. L. and McRorie, E. and Fraser, W. D. and Determann, C. and van't Hof, R. and Ralston, S. H.},
   title = {Osteoporosis associated with neutralizing autoantibodies against osteoprotegerin},
   journal = {N Engl J Med},
   volume = {361},
   number = {15},
   pages = {1459-65},
   note = {1533-4406
Riches, Philip L
McRorie, Euan
Fraser, William D
Determann, Catherine
van't Hof, Rob
Ralston, Stuart H
15389/Arthritis Research UK/United Kingdom
17687/Arthritis Research UK/United Kingdom
Case Reports
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
United States
N Engl J Med. 2009 Oct 8;361(15):1459-65. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa0810925.},
   abstract = {Autoantibodies against osteoprotegerin, which block the inhibitory effect of osteoprotegerin on signaling by the receptor activator of nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB (RANK), were identified in a man with celiac disease who presented with severe osteoporosis and high bone turnover. The osteoporosis did not respond to the treatment of his celiac disease but was completely reversed by bisphosphonate therapy. Autoantibodies against osteoprotegerin were detected in three additional patients with celiac disease. Such autoantibodies may be associated with the development of high-turnover osteoporosis, but whether autoantibodies against osteoprotegerin commonly contribute to the pathogenesis of osteoporosis in patients with celiac disease remains to be determined.},
   keywords = {Adult
Autoantibodies/*blood
*Autoimmune Diseases
Biomarkers/blood
Bone Density/immunology
Bone Remodeling
Celiac Disease/*complications/diet therapy/immunology
Diet, Gluten-Free
Humans
Hypothyroidism/complications/immunology
Immunoglobulin A/blood
Male
Osteoporosis/drug therapy/*immunology
Osteoprotegerin/*immunology
RANK Ligand/metabolism
Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kappa B/metabolism
Transglutaminases/immunology},
   ISSN = {0028-4793},
   Accession Number = {19812402},
   DOI = {10.1056/NEJMoa0810925},
   year = {2009},
   type = {Ref–rence Type}
}

@article{
   author = {Richir, M. and Songun, I. and Wientjes, C. and Snel, P. and Dwars, B.},
   title = {Small Bowel Adenocarcinoma in a Patient with Coeliac Disease: Case Report and Review of the Literature},
   journal = {Case Rep Gastroenterol},
   volume = {4},
   number = {3},
   pages = {416-420},
   note = {Richir, Milan
Songun, Ilfet
Wientjes, Carolien
Snel, Pleun
Dwars, Boudewijn
Journal Article
Switzerland
Case Rep Gastroenterol. 2010 Oct 5;4(3):416-420.},
   abstract = {Coeliac disease (CD) is an autoimmune disorder which leads to chronic inflammation of the gut. Furthermore, CD is associated with upper gastrointestinal malignancies, particularly lymphoma of the small intestine. Besides lymphoma, an increased frequency of associated small bowel carcinoma has been described. Here we report the case of a 70-year-old male suffering from CD who was treated with a gluten-free diet presenting with complaints of nausea, vomiting and weight loss of about 8 kg in two months. He underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy, which identified distention of the stomach and duodenum and in the pars horizontalis a distinct obstruction was suggestive. However, histopathological examination showed a normal mucosal membrane. Additionally, a computed tomography scan of the abdomen was performed which showed an expanded stomach and duodenum up to the ligament of Treitz. During an explorative laparotomy a small tumor was palpated near the ligament of Treitz. Subsequently, a duodenal segment resection was performed. After surgery, the patient recovered well and left our hospital in good condition.},
   ISSN = {1662-0631 (Print)
1662-0631},
   Accession Number = {21060711},
   DOI = {10.1159/000313547},
   year = {2010},
   type = {Ref–rence Type}
}

@article{
   author = {Rodrigo, L.},
   title = {Investigational therapies for celiac disease},
   journal = {Expert Opin Investig Drugs},
   volume = {18},
   number = {12},
   pages = {1865-73},
   note = {1744-7658
Rodrigo, Luis
Journal Article
Review
England
Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2009 Dec;18(12):1865-73. doi: 10.1517/13543780903369333.},
   abstract = {Celiac disease is an autoimmune condition affecting genetically susceptible individuals. It is produced by the ingestion of gluten contained in wheat, rye, barley, and related products. The only treatment currently available is strict adherence to a gluten-free diet for life. This requirement for dietary compliance is difficult, especially for adolescents and adults, and better alternatives are needed. Recent advances in understanding the pathogenesis of celiac disease indicate that there are several attractive targets for new pharmacologic treatments. These therapies involve oral enzyme supplementation, tissue transglutaminase inhibition, blockage of HLA-DQ presentation, and silencing of gluten-reactive T cells using cytokines or other methods. All of these therapies are in the experimental phase of development, and it is not clear if they will be approved for clinical studies. Meanwhile, a strict gluten-free diet remains a safe and effective treatment for celiac patients.},
   keywords = {Celiac Disease/diet therapy/*drug therapy
Cell Adhesion Molecules/antagonists & inhibitors/therapeutic use
Cytokines/therapeutic use
Diet, Gluten-Free
Drugs, Investigational/*therapeutic use
Endopeptidases/*genetics/therapeutic use
Humans
Metagenome/drug effects
T-Lymphocytes/drug effects},
   ISSN = {1354-3784},
   Accession Number = {19938900},
   DOI = {10.1517/13543780903369333},
   year = {2009},
   type = {Ref–rence Type}
}

@article{
   author = {Rodrigo, L. and Fuentes, D. and Alvarez, N. and Riestra, S.},
   title = {[Turner's syndrome and adult celiac disease]},
   journal = {Med Clin (Barc)},
   volume = {135},
   number = {2},
   pages = {93-4},
   note = {1578-8989
Rodrigo, Luis
Fuentes, Dolores
Alvarez, Noemi
Riestra, Sabino
Letter
Spain
Med Clin (Barc). 2010 Jun 12;135(2):93-4. doi: 10.1016/j.medcli.2009.04.015. Epub 2009 Jun 10.},
   keywords = {Adult
Age of Onset
Celiac Disease/diagnosis/diet therapy/*epidemiology/genetics
Comorbidity
Diet, Gluten-Free
Duodenum/pathology
Female
GTP-Binding Proteins/blood
HLA-DQ Antigens/genetics
Humans
Hypothyroidism/epidemiology
Incidence
Liver Function Tests
Middle Aged
Phenotype
Transglutaminases/blood
Turner Syndrome/*epidemiology},
   ISSN = {0025-7753},
   Accession Number = {19520392},
   DOI = {10.1016/j.medcli.2009.04.015},
   year = {2010},
   type = {Ref–rence Type}
}

@article{
   author = {Roma, E. and Roubani, A. and Kolia, E. and Panayiotou, J. and Zellos, A. and Syriopoulou, V. P.},
   title = {Dietary compliance and life style of children with coeliac disease},
   journal = {J Hum Nutr Diet},
   volume = {23},
   number = {2},
   pages = {176-82},
   note = {1365-277x
Roma, E
Roubani, A
Kolia, E
Panayiotou, J
Zellos, A
Syriopoulou, V P
Journal Article
England
J Hum Nutr Diet. 2010 Apr;23(2):176-82. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-277X.2009.01036.x. Epub 2010 Feb 12.},
   abstract = {BACKGROUND: Coeliac disease (CD) is common and requires a permanent strict gluten-free diet (GFD). However, data concerning how the situation is experienced by children are limited. The present study aimed to investigate the compliance with a GFD and the impact of CD and GFD on the lifestyle of patients and their families, together with proposed recommendations for improvement of quality of life. METHODS: Children with biopsy confirmed CD were recruited consecutively from the outpatient gastroenterology clinic. Participants were evaluated by a special questionnaire for compliance with the GFD, patients' knowledge about CD, and the well-being and lifestyle of children and their families. Comparisons between discrete variables were performed by a chi-square test. RESULTS: Seventy-three children of median age 9.4 (interquartile range = 5-14.5) years were evaluated. Compliance to diet was reported by 58%. Reasons for noncompliance were: poor palatability (32%), dining outside home (17%), poor availability of products (11%), and asymptomatic disease diagnosed by screening (11%). The acceptance of the GFD was reported as good in 65%, whereas avoidance of travelling and restaurants was stated by 17% and 46% of families, respectively. Most families experienced difficulties detecting gluten from the food label. Proposed factors for improvement of quality of life were: better labelling of gluten-containing ingredients (76%) and more gluten-free (GF) foods in supermarkets (58%) and restaurants (42%). CONCLUSIONS: Children with CD have low compliance with the GFD. Better education about the disease, the availability of GF products, and appropriate food labelling could improve compliance and quality of life.},
   keywords = {Adolescent
Celiac Disease/*diet therapy/psychology
Chi-Square Distribution
Child
*Diet, Gluten-Free
Family
Feeding Behavior
Female
Food Labeling
Food Supply
Glutens
*Health Behavior
Humans
*Life Style
Male
*Motivation
*Patient Acceptance of Health Care
Patient Compliance/psychology/*statistics & numerical data
Quality of Life
Restaurants
Surveys and Questionnaires
Taste Perception
Travel},
   ISSN = {0952-3871},
   Accession Number = {20163513},
   DOI = {10.1111/j.1365-277X.2009.01036.x},
   year = {2010},
   type = {Ref–rence Type}
}

@article{
   author = {Roos, S. and Karner, A. and Hallert, C.},
   title = {Gastrointestinal symptoms and well-being of adults living on a gluten-free diet: a case for nursing in celiac disease},
   journal = {Gastroenterol Nurs},
   volume = {32},
   number = {3},
   pages = {196-201},
   note = {1538-9766
Roos, Susanne
Karner, Anita
Hallert, Claes
Journal Article
United States
Gastroenterol Nurs. 2009 May-Jun;32(3):196-201. doi: 10.1097/SGA.0b013e3181a85e7b.},
   abstract = {Women with celiac disease (CD) living on a gluten-free diet (GFD) show a lower health-related quality of life and report a higher rate of gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms than men with CD. Uncertainty exists as to whether GI symptoms may explain the poorer treatment outcome of women with CD. This study was designed to explore relationships of GI symptoms and psychological well-being in men and women with long-standing CD. Patients with CD (n = 108; 59% women), aged 45-64 years, treated with a GFD for at least 8 years were evaluated by the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale and the Psychological General Well-Being index. The results show that women with a high rate of GI symptoms have no lower level of psychological well-being than corresponding men with CD and that women with CD with reduced psychological well-being have no more GI symptoms than corresponding men. Our results fail to support the notion that the reduced subjective health in CD is explained by GI symptoms. They may be secondary to perceived difficulties in managing everyday life, suggesting that launching a nurse-led follow-up may be helpful, as has been proven to be useful in other lifelong disorders.},
   keywords = {Activities of Daily Living
Adaptation, Psychological
Adult
Age Factors
Celiac Disease/diet therapy/*nursing/*psychology
Cohort Studies
*Diet, Gluten-Free
Female
Gastrointestinal Diseases/physiopathology
Health Status
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Motor Activity
Prognosis
*Quality of Life
Retrospective Studies
Risk Assessment
Severity of Illness Index
Sex Factors
Sickness Impact Profile},
   ISSN = {1042-895x},
   Accession Number = {19506436},
   DOI = {10.1097/SGA.0b013e3181a85e7b},
   year = {2009},
   type = {Ref–rence Type}
}

@article{
   author = {Roos, S. and Wilhelmsson, S. and Hallert, C.},
   title = {Swedish women with coeliac disease in remission use more health care services than other women: a controlled study},
   journal = {Scand J Gastroenterol},
   volume = {46},
   number = {1},
   pages = {13-9},
   note = {1502-7708
Roos, Susanne
Wilhelmsson, Susan
Hallert, Claes
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
England
Scand J Gastroenterol. 2011 Jan;46(1):13-9. doi: 10.3109/00365521.2010.516448. Epub 2010 Sep 1.},
   abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To examine whether the perceived poor outcome of dietary treatment makes Swedish women with coeliac disease (CD) prone to use more health care services than other women. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The health care consumption over 36 consecutive months was examined for 137 Swedish women aged 20-80 years with CD in remission after living on a gluten-free diet for a median of 4 years (range 1-8 years). Comparisons were made with the health care consumption of 411 women in the general population matched for age and residence. RESULTS: The results show that women with CD use health care services annually a median of 5.0 times (range 0-76) that is more than female controls 3.6 (0-311) (p < 0.05) mainly in primary care and for complaints related to mental and behavioral disorders (ICD F), diseases of the digestive system (ICD K) and diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue (ICD M). CONCLUSIONS: Women with CD used health care services in keeping with studies indicating reduced health-related quality of life of people with this condition. The results provide evidence that women with CD in remission suffer from co-morbidities that may signal a need for a multidisciplinary follow-up of subjects with CD in Sweden.},
   keywords = {Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Celiac Disease/complications/*therapy
Delivery of Health Care/*utilization
Female
Humans
Middle Aged
Remission Induction
Retrospective Studies
Sweden
Young Adult},
   ISSN = {0036-5521},
   Accession Number = {20809768},
   DOI = {10.3109/00365521.2010.516448},
   year = {2011},
   type = {Ref–rence Type}
}

@article{
   author = {Rosato, E. and De Nitto, D. and Rossi, C. and Libanori, V. and Donato, G. and Di Tola, M. and Pisarri, S. and Salsano, F. and Picarelli, A.},
   title = {High incidence of celiac disease in patients with systemic sclerosis},
   journal = {J Rheumatol},
   volume = {36},
   number = {5},
   pages = {965-9},
   note = {Rosato, Edoardo
De Nitto, Daniela
Rossi, Carmelina
Libanori, Valerio
Donato, Giuseppe
Di Tola, Marco
Pisarri, Simonetta
Salsano, Felice
Picarelli, Antonio
Journal Article
Canada
J Rheumatol. 2009 May;36(5):965-9. doi: 10.3899/jrheum.081000. Epub 2009 Mar 30.},
   abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the presence of celiac disease in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc). The association of autoimmune diseases with celiac disease has been reported, but few publications deal with the combination of SSc and celiac disease. METHODS: We investigated the presence of anti-tissue transglutaminase (anti-tTG) antibodies and serum antiendomysial antibodies (anti-EMA) in 50 patients with SSc. All subjects were on a gluten-containing diet. Duodenal mucosa histology and biopsy culture were performed in anti-tTG-positive patients; anti-EMA and IgA, IgG1 anti-tTG were detected in culture supernatants. RESULTS: The incidence of celiac disease in patients with SSc was found to be 8%. Serum anti-tTG antibody-positive results were detectable in 5 out of 50 patients with SSc, but only in 4 of them was the diagnosis confirmed by histological results (Marsh classification). CONCLUSION: Our data show an increased prevalence of celiac disease in patients with SSc.},
   keywords = {Adult
Aged
Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic/analysis
Autoantibodies/blood
Celiac Disease/*epidemiology/immunology/pathology
Comorbidity
Female
Humans
Incidence
Italy/epidemiology
Male
Middle Aged
Mucous Membrane/immunology
Muscle, Smooth/immunology
Scleroderma, Systemic/*epidemiology/immunology/pathology
Transglutaminases/immunology
Young Adult},
   ISSN = {0315-162X (Print)
0315-162x},
   Accession Number = {19332639},
   DOI = {10.3899/jrheum.081000},
   year = {2009},
   type = {Ref–rence Type}
}

@article{
   author = {Rose, C. and Armbruster, F. P. and Ruppert, J. and Igl, B. W. and Zillikens, D. and Shimanovich, I.},
   title = {Autoantibodies against epidermal transglutaminase are a sensitive diagnostic marker in patients with dermatitis herpetiformis on a normal or gluten-free diet},
   journal = {J Am Acad Dermatol},
   volume = {61},
   number = {1},
   pages = {39-43},
   note = {1097-6787
Rose, Christian
Armbruster, Franz Paul
Ruppert, Jana
Igl, Bernd-Wolfgang
Zillikens, Detlef
Shimanovich, Iakov
Journal Article
United States
J Am Acad Dermatol. 2009 Jul;61(1):39-43. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2008.12.037. Epub 2009 Apr 2.},
   abstract = {BACKGROUND: Dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) is a cutaneous manifestation of gluten-sensitive enteropathy (celiac disease). Patients with DH demonstrate circulating IgA antibodies against epidermal transglutaminase (eTG) and tissue transglutaminase (tTG). It has been suggested that eTG is the autoantigen of DH. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to characterize the autoimmune response to eTG and tTG in patients with DH on a normal or gluten-free diet (GFD). METHODS: Sera from 52 patients with DH were studied for the presence of IgA antibodies to eTG and tTG by enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay. In 38 patients, serum was obtained before initiation of a GFD, whereas 14 patients had been on a GFD for at least 2 years. RESULTS: Autoantibodies against eTG were detected in 36 of 38 patients (95%) and those against tTG in 30 of 38 patients (79%) with DH on a normal diet. Of 14 patients on a long-term GFD, 7 patients were free of DH lesions and did not require dapsone treatment. None of these patients showed circulating antibodies against eTG or tTG. The remaining 7 patients on a GFD were not able to stop taking dapsone. All these patients demonstrated anti-eTG antibodies, whereas only 3 of them showed additional reactivity against tTG. LIMITATION: Autoantibody levels against eTG and tTG before and after introduction of a GFD were not examined in the same patients. CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that antibodies to eTG are the most sensitive serologic marker in treated and untreated patients with DH and confirm the central role of eTG in the pathogenesis of this disease.},
   keywords = {Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Autoantibodies/*blood
Autoantigens/immunology
Celiac Disease/*diagnosis/immunology
Dermatitis Herpetiformis/*diagnosis/*immunology
Diet, Gluten-Free
Epidermis/enzymology
Female
Humans
Immunoglobulin A/*blood
Male
Middle Aged
Transglutaminases/*immunology},
   ISSN = {0190-9622},
   Accession Number = {19344979},
   DOI = {10.1016/j.jaad.2008.12.037},
   year = {2009},
   type = {Ref–rence Type}
}

@article{
   author = {Rossi, G. and Amato, S. and Mistrello, G.},
   title = {Gluten-free food as source of hidden allergen (lupine)},
   journal = {Eur Ann Allergy Clin Immunol},
   volume = {41},
   number = {4},
   pages = {123-5},
   note = {Rossi, G
Amato, S
Mistrello, G
Case Reports
Journal Article
Italy
Eur Ann Allergy Clin Immunol. 2009 Aug;41(4):123-5.},
   abstract = {A woman, 68 yrs, developed an anaphylactic reaction after tasting a few pieces of gluten-free pasta. She was not celiac but was preparing a meal for her celiac nephew. The culprit pasta contained lupine flour and lupine proteins. Prick test with lupine extract was positive. ELISA and immunoblot analysis showed the presence of specific IgE to lupine in patient's serum.},
   keywords = {Aged
Diet, Gluten-Free/*adverse effects
Female
Food Hypersensitivity/*etiology
Humans
Immunoglobulin E/blood
Lupinus/adverse effects/*immunology},
   ISSN = {1764-1489 (Print)
1764-1489},
   Accession Number = {19877566},
   year = {2009},
   type = {Ref–rence Type}
}

@article{
   author = {Rostami, K. and Villanacci, V.},
   title = {Microscopic enteritis: novel prospect in coeliac disease clinical and immuno-histogenesis. Evolution in diagnostic and treatment strategies},
   journal = {Dig Liver Dis},
   volume = {41},
   number = {4},
   pages = {245-52},
   note = {1878-3562
Rostami, K
Villanacci, V
Journal Article
Review
Netherlands
Dig Liver Dis. 2009 Apr;41(4):245-52. doi: 10.1016/j.dld.2008.06.008. Epub 2008 Jul 25.},
   abstract = {The diagnosis of coeliac disease has traditionally depended on symptoms and intestinal biopsies; nowadays, the diagnosis has been expanded to include an array of serological markers and subtle microscopic lesions. The most important advance in classifying mucosal lesions in coeliac disease was forwarded by Marsh (1992), who provided the biological explanation of how the small bowel reacts to a variety of environmental antigenic challenges including gluten. In the modified version of this classification (Arnhem 1998-1999) autoantibodies have integrated into Marsh's histopathological scheme. As a large part of the coeliac 'iceberg' remains unrecognised, the difficulties in diagnosis continue to challenge clinicians and researchers. Advances in immuno-histochemistry and discovery of the other sensitive markers have acquainted us with so-called Microscopic enteritis, the distinctive subtle abnormalities behind the atypical gluten sensitivity symptoms that often remain unrecognised. Current diagnostic pathways do not always include facilities for looking for this common histological feature in atypical cases. This is essential since improving of the detection rate has been shown to be directly proportional to recognition of cases with milder or minimal mucosal abnormalities. In this revision, we will define and characterise microscopic enteritis as the entity behind a wide range of unexplained gastrointestinal symptoms. Screening for this subtle and distinctive presentation in small bowel pathology will open a new prospect in recognising the most common but unrecognised atypical forms of symptomatic gluten related enteropathies.},
   keywords = {Algorithms
Antibodies/metabolism
Biomarkers/metabolism
Celiac Disease/complications/*diagnosis/*diet therapy/metabolism
Diet, Gluten-Free
Disease Progression
Enteritis/diagnosis/diet therapy/etiology/metabolism
Glutens/metabolism
Humans
Intestinal Mucosa/metabolism/pathology
Intestine, Small/metabolism/pathology
Mass Screening
Severity of Illness Index},
   ISSN = {1590-8658},
   Accession Number = {18657490},
   DOI = {10.1016/j.dld.2008.06.008},
   year = {2009},
   type = {Ref–rence Type}
}

@article{
   author = {Roztoczynska, D. and Starzyk, J.},
   title = {[The role of a pediatric endocrinologist in diagnostics and therapeutic management of anorexia nervosa--own experiences and review of literature]},
   journal = {Przegl Lek},
   volume = {66},
   number = {1-2},
   pages = {52-7},
   note = {Roztoczynska, Dorota
Starzyk, Jerzy
English Abstract
Journal Article
Poland
Przegl Lek. 2009;66(1-2):52-7.},
   abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa are counted among psychosomatic diseases, whose incidence has been rapidly increasing in the last decades. To date, the etiology, diagnostic and therapeutic management of eating disorders have not been uniformly determined. The objective of the study is determination of the role of a pediatric endocrinologist in diagnostics and management of eating disorders. MATERIAL: In the years 1992-2007 in Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Endocrinology Chair of Pediatrics, Polish-American Institute of Pediatrics, Collegium Medicum, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Poland were hospitalized 164 patients with suspected anorexia nervosa, aged 9-20 years, 150 girls, and 14 boys. All girls were included in psychological and dietetic treatment. Additionally, in group of 36 girls, the 3-years observation of bone mineralization changes was performed. METHODS: The indications for hospitalization included the assessment of nutritional status, particularly electrolyte imbalance, cardiovascular complications and nutritional treatment. II. Procedure included on department: 1) Correction of general children's state. 2) Monitoring of cardiovascular system disorders. 3) Nutritional treatment. 4) Differential diagnosis. III. Prevention and treatment of late complications was performed in group of 36 girls. In this group, every 6 months were evaluated: body mass index, duration of secondary amenorrhea, serum sex hormone, IGF-I and cortisol levels and 24-hour urine cortisol. Spine densitometry in the AP projection was performed every 12 months, using a Lunar unit (DEXA). The pharmacological treatment of osteoporosis was introduced in girls with duration of secondary amenorrhea lasted for more than 6 months, with decreased bone mineralization BMD < (-) 1SD and body mass deficit < 20%. 16 girls which did not presented disorders of bone mineralization, or refused treatment have not got the pharmacological treatment, while in 20 girls the pharmacological therapy (calcium and vitamin D3 supplementation and hormonal treatment - Estraderm TTS and Provera 5 mg) was provided. RESULTS: Anorexia nervosa was diagnosed in 150 cases, bulimia in 6 cases, in 2 children was diagnosed celiac disease, in 2 patients adrenal insufficiency, in 1 girl myasthenia, in 1 girl diabetes mellitus type 1, in 1 boy hypothalamo-pituitary tumor and in 1 boy psychosis was diagnosed. The nutritional improvement was evaluated in group of 36 girls, which continued treatment in time 3 years. At the beginning of the observation period the mean value of the body mass index (BMI) was 15.95 kg/m2, and after 36 months of the treatment the mean BMI value was 20 kg/m2. Before the treatment one patient was still menstruated despite her body mass loss, 8 girls were pre-menarche, and the remaining 27 patients had secondary amenorrhea of the mean duration of 11.14 months. In the initial period of the follow-up, all the anorectic patients demonstrated a decreased bone mineral density. Before treatment the median Z score in the entire experimental group was (-)1,2 SD whereas after 3 years of treatment value of Z score decreased by 0,5 SD in group of 16 girls without the pharmacological treatment and increased by 0,5 SD in 20 girls on pharmacological treatment. The significant, negative correlation between secondary amenorrhea and Z score value was observed. CONCLUSIONS: The role of a pediatrician in therapeutic management of eating disorders is intervention in life-threatening conditions, treatment of acute complications, differential diagnosis, nutritional treatment, prevention and management of late complications. Because of etiology and special way of treatment the management of anorexia nervosa should have been taken by psychiatrist. The duty of endocrinologists and gynecologists is the late complications treatment, such as an amenorrhea and osteoporosis.},
   keywords = {Adolescent
Adult
Age Distribution
Amenorrhea/diagnosis/etiology/prevention & control
Anorexia Nervosa/complications/*diagnosis/epidemiology/*therapy
Bone Density
Bulimia Nervosa/complications/diagnosis/therapy
Celiac Disease/diagnosis
Child
Diagnosis, Differential
Endocrinology
Female
Humans
Incidence
Male
Nutritional Status
Osteoporosis/diagnosis/etiology/prevention & control
Pediatrics
Poland/epidemiology
*Practice Patterns, Physicians'
Young Adult},
   ISSN = {0033-2240 (Print)
0033-2240},
   Accession Number = {19485257},
   year = {2009},
   type = {Ref–rence Type}
}

@article{
   author = {Rubio-Tapia, A. and Kelly, D. G. and Lahr, B. D. and Dogan, A. and Wu, T. T. and Murray, J. A.},
   title = {Clinical staging and survival in refractory celiac disease: a single center experience},
   journal = {Gastroenterology},
   volume = {136},
   number = {1},
   pages = {99-107; quiz 352-3},
   note = {1528-0012
Rubio-Tapia, Alberto
Kelly, Darlene G
Lahr, Brian D
Dogan, Ahmet
Wu, Tsung-Teh
Murray, Joseph A
T32 AI-07047/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States
R01 DK071003/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
R01 DK057892/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
DK-070031/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
DK-57892/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
T32 AI007047/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
United States
Gastroenterology. 2009 Jan;136(1):99-107; quiz 352-3. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2008.10.013. Epub 2008 Oct 8.},
   abstract = {BACKGROUND & AIMS: Refractory celiac disease (RCD) occurs when both symptoms and intestinal damage persist or recur despite strict adherence to a gluten-free diet. In RCD, the immunophenotype of intraepithelial lymphocytes may be normal and polyclonal (RCD I) or abnormal and monoclonal (RCD II). The aim is to describe the clinical characteristics, treatment, and long-term outcome in a large single-center cohort of patients with RCD. METHODS: We compared the clinical characteristics and outcome in 57 patients with RCD: 42 with RCD I and 15 with RCD II. RESULTS: Fifteen of 57 patients died during follow-up (n=8 with RCD I and n=7 with RCD II), each within the first 2 years after RCD diagnosis. The overall 5-year cumulative survival is 70%, 80%, and 45% for the entire cohort, RCD I, and RCD II, respectively. The refractory state itself and enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma (EATL) were the most common causes of death, respectively. A new staging system is proposed based on the cumulative effect of 5 prognostic factors investigated at the time of the refractory state diagnosis: for patients in stages I, II, and III, the 5-year cumulative survival rate was 96%, 71%, and 19%, respectively (P< .0001). CONCLUSIONS: RCD is associated with high mortality with RCD II having an especially poor prognosis because of the development of EATL. A new staging model is proposed that may improve the precision of prognosis in patients with RCD.},
   keywords = {Adult
Aged
Celiac Disease/classification/drug therapy/*mortality/pathology
Disease Progression
Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal
Female
Humans
Lymphoma, T-Cell/etiology
Male
Middle Aged},
   ISSN = {0016-5085},
   Accession Number = {18996383},
   DOI = {10.1053/j.gastro.2008.10.013},
   year = {2009},
   type = {Ref–rence Type}
}

@article{
   author = {Rubio-Tapia, A. and Murray, J. A.},
   title = {Celiac disease},
   journal = {Curr Opin Gastroenterol},
   volume = {26},
   number = {2},
   pages = {116-22},
   note = {1531-7056
Rubio-Tapia, Alberto
Murray, Joseph A
T32 AI007047-29/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States
T32 AI-07047/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States
R01 DK057892/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
R01 DK057892-05/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
DK-57892/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
T32 AI007047/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Review
United States
Curr Opin Gastroenterol. 2010 Mar;26(2):116-22. doi: 10.1097/MOG.0b013e3283365263.},
   abstract = {PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To summarize recent advances in celiac disease published between August 2008 and July 2009. RECENT FINDINGS: Celiac disease affects nearly 1% of most populations but remains largely unrecognized.

license: MIT

license_type: permissive

branch_name: refs/heads/master

extension: bib