text:
extraction fiber coating for the extraction of volatile aromatic compounds},
	volume = {38},
	issn = {1615-9314 (Electronic) 1615-9306 (Linking)},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26041569},
	doi = {10.1002/jssc.201500304},
	shorttitle = {Application of mesoporous carbon as a solid-phase microextraction fiber coating for the extraction of volatile aromatic compounds},
	abstract = {A mesoporous carbon was fabricated using {MCM}-41 as a template and sucrose as a carbon source. The carbon material was coated on stainless-steel wires by using the sol-gel technique. The prepared solid-phase microextraction fiber was used for the extraction of five volatile aromatic compounds (chlorobenzene, ethylbenzene, o-xylene, bromobenzene, and 4-chlorotoluene) from tea beverage samples (red tea and green tea) prior to gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection. The main experimental parameters affecting the extraction of the volatile aromatic compounds by the fiber, including the extraction time, sample volume, extraction temperature, salt addition, and desorption conditions, were investigated. The linearity was observed in the range from 0.1 to 10.0 mug/L with the correlation coefficients (r) ranging from 0.9923 to 0.9982 and the limits of detection were less than 10.0 ng/L. The recoveries of the volatile aromatic compounds by the method from tea beverage samples at spiking levels of 1.0 and 10.0 mug/L ranged from 73.1 to 99.1\%.},
	pages = {2880--6},
	number = {16},
	journaltitle = {J Sep Sci},
	shortjournal = {Journal of separation science},
	author = {Zhang, X. and Zang, X. and Zhang, G. and Wang, C. and Wang, Z.},
	date = {2015-08},
	file = {Zhang_et_al-2015-Journal_of_Separation_Science:C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\FI9UDC9B\\Zhang_et_al-2015-Journal_of_Separation_Science.pdf:application/pdf}
}

@article{altier_accumulation_2016,
	title = {Accumulation of Mg to Diffusive Gradients in Thin Films ({DGT}) Devices: Kinetic and Thermodynamic Effects of the Ionic Strength},
	issn = {1520-6882 (Electronic) 0003-2700 (Linking)},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27660851},
	doi = {10.1021/acs.analchem.6b02961},
	shorttitle = {Accumulation of Mg to Diffusive Gradients in Thin Films ({DGT}) Devices: Kinetic and Thermodynamic Effects of the Ionic Strength},
	abstract = {Availability of magnesium is a matter of concern due to its role in many environmental and biological processes. Diffusive Gradients in Thin Films ({DGT}) devices can measure Mg availability in situ. This work shows that Mg accumulation in water largely increases when ionic strength (I) decreases. This phenomenon can be explained from (i) the increase of both the association equilibrium (K) and rate (ka,R) constants for the reaction between Mg cations and resin sites, and (ii) the growing contribution of the partitioning of Mg cations at the resin-gel interface, as I decreases. Two theoretical models that take into account electrical interactions among Mg cations, background electrolyte, and resin sites can successfully be used to determine ka,R and K at each I. Both models yield similar ka,R values, which fulfill an expression for the kinetic salt effect. For freshwater (with a typical salinity of 10 {mM} and circumneutral {pH}), the binding of Mg is so fast and strong that the simplest perfect-sink {DGT} expression can be helpful to predict (overestimation lower than 5\%) the accumulation in solutions with Mg concentrations up to 1 {mM} whenever the deployment time is below 9 h. Perfect sink conditions can still be applied for longer times, in systems with either a lower I or a lower Mg concentration.},
	journaltitle = {Anal Chem},
	shortjournal = {Analytical chemistry},
	author = {Altier, A. and Jimenez-Piedrahita, M. and Rey-Castro, C. and Cecilia, J. and Galceran, J. and Puy, J.},
	date = {2016-10-05},
	file = {Jiménez-Piedrahita 2016 - Accumulation of Mg to Diffusive Gradients in Thin Films (DGT) - Kinetic and Thermodynamic Effects of the Ionic Strength:C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\3RSK4WDJ\\Jiménez-Piedrahita 2016 - Accumulation of Mg to Diffusive Gradients in Thin Films (DGT) - Kinetic and Thermodynamic Effects of the Ionic Strength.pdf:application/pdf}
}

@article{bao_isotopic_2016,
	title = {Isotopic exchange on solid-phase micro extraction fiber in sediment under stagnant conditions: Implications for field application of performance reference compound calibration},
	volume = {35},
	issn = {1552-8618 (Electronic) 0730-7268 (Linking)},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26678218},
	doi = {10.1002/etc.3345},
	shorttitle = {Isotopic exchange on solid-phase micro extraction fiber in sediment under stagnant conditions: Implications for field application of performance reference compound calibration},
	abstract = {An overlooked issue for field application of in situ performance reference compound ({PRC}) calibration methods is the validity of the assumption that both the sorption of a target compound and desorption of its corresponding {PRC} follow the first-order kinetics with the same rate constants under stagnant conditions. In the present study, disposable polydimethylsiloxane fibers of 2 sizes (7 and 35 microm) impregnated with 8 (13) C-labeled or deuterated {PRCs} were statically deployed into different marine sediments, from which the kinetics for sorption of the target compounds and desorption of the {PRCs} were characterized. Nonsymmetrical profiles were observed for exchange of the target analytes and their corresponding {PRCs} in sediment under stagnant conditions. The hysteretic desorption of {PRCs} in the kinetic regime may be ascribed to the low chemical potential between the fiber and sediment porewater, which reflects the inability of water molecules to rapidly diffuse through sediment to solvate the {PRCs} in the aqueous layer around the fiber surface. A moderate correlation (r = 0.77 and r = 0.57, p {\textless} 0.05 for both regressions) between the {PRC}-calibrated equilibrium concentrations of 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis-(chlorophenyl) ethylene (p,p'-{DDE}) and polychlorinated biphenyl ({PCB})-153 and the lipid normalized levels in worms (Neanthes arenaceodentata) was obtained in co-exposure tests under simulating field conditions, probably resulting from slightly overestimated bioavailability because of the hysteretic desorption of {PRCs} and toxic effects. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:1978-1985. (c) 2015 {SETAC}.},
	pages = {1978--85},
	number = {8},
	journaltitle = {Environ Toxicol Chem},
	shortjournal = {Environmental toxicology and chemistry},
	author = {Bao, L. J. and Wu, X. and Jia, F. and Zeng, E. Y. and Gan, J.},
	date = {2016-08},
	file = {Bao_et_al-2016-Environmental_Toxicology_and_Chemistry:C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\VRT7VXC7\\Bao_et_al-2016-Environmental_Toxicology_and_Chemistry.pdf:application/pdf}
}

@article{belles_thickness_2016,
	title = {Thickness and material selection of polymeric passive samplers for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water: Which more strongly affects sampler properties?},
	volume = {35},
	issn = {1552-8618 (Electronic) 0730-7268 (Linking)},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26647116},
	doi = {10.1002/etc.3326},
	shorttitle = {Thickness and material selection of polymeric passive samplers for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water: Which more strongly affects sampler properties?},
	abstract = {Three configurations of single-phase polymer passive samplers made of polyoxymethylene ({POM}), silicone rubber, and polyethylene ({PE}) were simultaneously calibrated in laboratory experiments by determining their partitioning coefficients and the {POM} diffusion coefficients and by validating a kinetic accumulation model. In addition, the performance of each device was evaluated under field conditions. With the support of the developed model, the device properties are discussed with regard to material selection and polymer thickness. The results show that a sampler's properties, such as its concentration-averaging period and ability to sample a large amount of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, are widely affected by material selection. Sampler thickness also allows modulation of the properties of the device but with a much lower magnitude. Selection of the appropriate polymer and/or thickness allows samplers to be adapted either for quick equilibration or for the kinetic accumulation regime and promotes either membrane or water boundary layer control of the kinetic accumulation. In addition, membrane-controlled or equilibrated compounds are quantified with greater accuracy because they are not corrected by the performance reference compounds approach. However, the averaged concentrations cannot be assessed when compounds reach equilibrium in the sampler, whereas membrane-controlled devices remaining in the kinetic accumulation regime provide averaged concentrations without requiring performance reference compound correction; detection limits are then increased because of the higher mass transfer resistance of the membrane. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:1708-1717. (c) 2015 {SETAC}.},
	pages = {1708--17},
	number = {7},
	journaltitle = {Environ Toxicol Chem},
	shortjournal = {Environmental toxicology and chemistry},
	author = {Belles, A. and Alary, C. and Mamindy-Pajany, Y.},
	date = {2016-07},
	file = {Belles_et_al-2016-Environmental_Toxicology_and_Chemistry:C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\W28CH7WK\\Belles_et_al-2016-Environmental_Toxicology_and_Chemistry.pdf:application/pdf}
}

@article{bocklitz_raman_2016,
	title = {Raman Based Molecular Imaging and Analytics: A Magic Bullet for Biomedical Applications!?},
	volume = {88},
	issn = {1520-6882 (Electronic) 0003-2700 (Linking)},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26653883},
	doi = {10.1021/acs.analchem.5b04665},
	shorttitle = {Raman Based Molecular Imaging and Analytics: A Magic Bullet for Biomedical Applications!?},
	pages = {133--51},
	number = {1},
	journaltitle = {Anal Chem},
	shortjournal = {Analytical chemistry},
	author = {Bocklitz, T. W. and Guo, S. and Ryabchykov, O. and Vogler, N. and Popp, J.},
	date = {2016-01-05},
	file = {Raman SPME:C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\FA4TWPV3\\Raman SPME.pdf:application/pdf}
}

@article{chen_kinetics_2016,
	title = {Kinetics of phosphorus release from sediments and its relationship with iron speciation influenced by the mussel (Corbicula fluminea) bioturbation},
	volume = {542},
	issn = {1879-1026 (Electronic) 0048-9697 (Linking)},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26556747},
	doi = {10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.10.155},
	shorttitle = {Kinetics of phosphorus release from sediments and its relationship with iron speciation influenced by the mussel (Corbicula fluminea) bioturbation},
	abstract = {The effects of bivalve (Corbicula fluminea) bioturbation on the lability of phosphorus (P) in sediments were investigated. The high-resolution dialysis ({HR}-Peeper) and diffusive gradients in thin films ({DGT}) techniques were employed to obtain soluble and labile P/Fe profiles at a vertical resolution of 2 and 1mm, respectively. The bivalve bioturbation increased the concentrations of soluble reactive P ({SRP}) in pore water and {DGT}-labile P up to 116\% and 833\% of the control within the sediment depths from the sediment water interface ({SWI}) to -64 mm and -44 mm, respectively. The sediments with bioturbation had a smaller distribution coefficient than the control (1964 vs. 3010 cm(3) g(-1)), reflecting a weaker ability in retaining P. Meanwhile, the sediments with bioturbation had a greater ratio of the concentration of {DGT}-labile P to that of {SRP} (0.20 vs. 0.03), demonstrating a stronger ability to resupply pore water {SRP} by the sediment solids when they are affected by the bioturbation. The {DGT}-induced fluxes in sediments ({DIFS}) modeling further showed a much shorter response time (277.9 vs. 18,670 s) and a much higher rate (0.192 vs. 0.002 day(-1)) of the solids in release of P with the bioturbation. Correspondingly, the flux of P to the overlying water from the bioturbation treatment increased up to 157\% of the control. The bivalve bioturbation significantly increased the concentrations of soluble Fe({II}) and {DGT}-labile Fe up to 84\% and 334\% of the control from the {SWI} to -46 mm, respectively. The {SRP} and {DGT}-labile P were highly correlated with respective soluble and {DGT}-labile Fe. It was concluded that the release of P from the sediments with bioturbation to the pore water and the overlying water was promoted by the reductive dissolution of easily reducible Fe(oxyhydr)oxides due to the depletion of oxygen in the top sediments from bivalve respiration.},
	pages = {833--40},
	issue = {Pt A},
	journaltitle = {Sci Total Environ},
	shortjournal = {The Science of the total environment},
	author = {Chen, M. and Ding, S. and Liu, L. and Xu, D. and Gong, M. and Tang, H. and Zhang, C.},
	date = {2016-01-15},
	keywords = {Animals, Kinetics, Water Pollutants, Chemical/*analysis, *Environmental Monitoring, Geologic Sediments/*chemistry, Corbicula/*physiology, Iron/chemistry, Phosphorus/*analysis},
	file = {1-s2.0-S0048969715309712-main:C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\KKNDR7HW\\1-s2.0-S0048969715309712-main.pdf:application/pdf}
}

@article{citartan_aptamers_2016,
	title = {Aptamers as the ‘capturing’ agents in aptamer-based capture assays},
	volume = {128},
	issn = {0026265X},
	doi = {10.1016/j.microc.2016.04.019},
	shorttitle = {Aptamers as the ‘capturing’ agents in aptamer-based capture assays},
	pages = {187--197},
	journaltitle = {Microchemical Journal},
	author = {Citartan, Marimuthu and Ch'ng, Ewe-Seng and Rozhdestvensky, Timofey S. and Tang, Thean-Hock},
	date = {2016},
	file = {apt-3:C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\2CIGJEU4\\apt-3.pdf:application/pdf}
}

@article{brack_effect-directed_2016,
	title = {Effect-directed analysis supporting monitoring of aquatic environments--An in-depth overview},
	volume = {544},
	issn = {1879-1026 (Electronic) 0048-9697 (Linking)},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26779957},
	doi = {10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.11.102},
	shorttitle = {Effect-directed analysis supporting monitoring of aquatic environments--An in-depth overview},
	abstract = {Aquatic environments are often contaminated with complex mixtures of chemicals that may pose a risk to ecosystems and human health. This contamination cannot be addressed with target analysis alone but tools are required to reduce this complexity and identify those chemicals that might cause adverse effects. Effect-directed analysis ({EDA}) is designed to meet this challenge and faces increasing interest in water and sediment quality monitoring. Thus, the present paper summarizes current experience with the {EDA} approach and the tools required, and provides practical advice on their application. The paper highlights the need for proper problem formulation and gives general advice for study design. As the {EDA} approach is directed by toxicity, basic principles for the selection of bioassays are given as well as a comprehensive compilation of appropriate assays, including their strengths and weaknesses. A specific focus is given to strategies for sampling, extraction and bioassay dosing since they strongly impact prioritization of toxicants in {EDA}. Reduction of sample complexity mainly relies on fractionation procedures, which are discussed in this paper, including quality assurance and quality control. Automated combinations of fractionation, biotesting and chemical analysis using so-called hyphenated tools can enhance the throughput and might reduce the risk of artifacts in laboratory work. The key to determining the chemical structures causing effects is analytical toxicant identification. The latest approaches, tools, software and databases for target-, suspect and non-target screening as well as unknown identification are discussed together with analytical and toxicological confirmation approaches. A better understanding of optimal use and combination of {EDA} tools will help to design efficient and successful toxicant identification studies in the context of quality monitoring in multiply stressed environments.},
	pages = {1073--118},
	journaltitle = {Sci Total Environ},
	shortjournal = {The Science of the total environment},
	author = {Brack, W. and Ait-Aissa, S. and Burgess, R. M. and Busch, W. and Creusot, N. and Di Paolo, C. and Escher, B. I. and Mark Hewitt, L. and Hilscherova, K. and Hollender, J. and Hollert, H. and Jonker, W. and Kool, J. and Lamoree, M. and Muschket, M. and Neumann, S. and Rostkowski, P. and Ruttkies, C. and Schollee, J. and Schymanski, E. L. and Schulze, T. and Seiler, T. B. and Tindall, A. J. and De Aragao Umbuzeiro, G. and Vrana, B. and Krauss, M.},
	date = {2016-02-15},
	file = {1-s2.0-S0048969715310834-main:C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\ZNXT8FZ3\\1-s2.0-S0048969715310834-main.pdf:application/pdf}
}

@article{chen_automatic_2016,
	title = {Automatic and objective oral cancer diagnosis by Raman spectroscopic detection of keratin with multivariate curve resolution analysis},
	volume = {6},
	issn = {2045-2322 (Electronic) 2045-2322 (Linking)},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26806007},
	doi = {10.1038/srep20097},
	shorttitle = {Automatic and objective oral cancer diagnosis by Raman spectroscopic detection of keratin with multivariate curve resolution analysis},
	abstract = {We have developed an automatic and objective method for detecting human oral squamous cell carcinoma ({OSCC}) tissues with Raman microspectroscopy. We measure 196 independent Raman spectra from 196 different points of one oral tissue sample and globally analyze these spectra using a Multivariate Curve Resolution ({MCR}) analysis. Discrimination of {OSCC} tissues is automatically and objectively made by spectral matching comparison of the {MCR} decomposed Raman spectra and the standard Raman spectrum of keratin, a well-established molecular marker of {OSCC}. We use a total of 24 tissue samples, 10 {OSCC} and 10 normal tissues from the same 10 patients, 3 {OSCC} and 1 normal tissues from different patients. Following the newly developed protocol presented here, we have been able to detect {OSCC} tissues with 77 to 92\% sensitivity (depending on how to define positivity) and 100\% specificity. The present approach lends itself to a reliable clinical diagnosis of {OSCC} substantiated by the "molecular fingerprint" of keratin.},
	pages = {20097},
	journaltitle = {Sci Rep},
	shortjournal = {Scientific reports},
	author = {Chen, P. H. and Shimada, R. and Yabumoto, S. and Okajima, H. and Ando, M. and Chang, C. T. and Lee, L. T. and Wong, Y. K. and Chiou, A. and Hamaguchi, H. O.},
	date = {2016},
	file = {srep20097:C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\5FRD9E66\\srep20097.pdf:application/pdf}
}

@article{chen_aptamer_2016,
	title = {Aptamer functionalized hydrophilic polymer monolith with gold nanoparticles modification for the sensitive detection of human alpha-thrombin},
	volume = {154},
	issn = {1873-3573 (Electronic) 0039-9140 (Linking)},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27154714},
	doi = {10.1016/j.talanta.2016.02.054},
	shorttitle = {Aptamer functionalized hydrophilic polymer monolith with gold nanoparticles modification for the sensitive detection of human alpha-thrombin},
	abstract = {Low abundant proteins of body fluids participate nearly all physiological processes and indicate various kinds of diseases. The development of specific enrichment techniques is the key to identify and quantify the low abundant proteins. Herein, a novel kind of aptamer functionalized hydrophilic polymer monolith was developed for the specific enrichment and detection of human alpha-thrombin from the human plasma. Human alpha-thrombin aptamer, with thiol group modified at the 5' terminal, was immobilized on the gold nanoparticles ({AuNPs}) modified poly(glycidyl methacrylate-co-poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate) monolithic column, with the binding capacity of 277.1mumol/L. Due to the hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate) as the cross-linking monomer, the detection recovery of the aptamer-functionalized hydrophilic polymer monolithic column could reach to 92.6+/-5.2\% (n=3) and the dynamic range could reach 0.5-300ng/{muL} (S/N{\textgreater}10) with on-line {UV} detection. Meanwhile, the column could run over 100 times, because the poly(glycidyl methacrylate-co-poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate) stability structure and the {AuNPs} improved the stability of the matrix material. Furthermore, this column could even capture the target alpha-thrombin, which was spiked in 1000 folds of original human plasma. All these results demonstrated the great potential of the prepared aptamer functionalized hydrophilic polymer monolith for the recognition of the trace proteins in the biological samples.},
	pages = {555--9},
	journaltitle = {Talanta},
	shortjournal = {Talanta},
	author = {Chen, Y. and Deng, N. and Wu, C. and Liang, Y. and Jiang, B. and Yang, K. and Liang, Z. and Zhang, L. and Zhang, Y.},
	date = {2016-07-01},
	file = {2016_-_Yuanbo_Chen_-_Aptamerfunctionalizedhydrophilicpolymermonolithwit[retrieved_2016-06-22]:C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\G42RK228\\2016_-_Yuanbo_Chen_-_Aptamerfunctionalizedhydrophilicpolymermonolithwit[retrieved_2016-06-22].pdf:application/pdf}
}

@article{choi_non-equilibrium_2016,
	title = {Non-equilibrium passive sampling of hydrophobic organic contaminants in sediment pore-water: {PCB} exchange kinetics},
	volume = {318},
	issn = {1873-3336 (Electronic) 0304-3894 (Linking)},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27472074},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.07.045},
	shorttitle = {Non-equilibrium passive sampling of hydrophobic organic contaminants in sediment pore-water: {PCB} exchange kinetics},
	abstract = {This study investigates the isotropic exchange kinetics of {PCBs} for polyethylene ({PE}) passive samplers in quiescent sediment and develops a novel non-equilibrium passive sampling method using {PE} with multiple thicknesses. The release and uptake kinetics of {PCBs} in quiescent sediment are reproduced by a 1-D diffusion model using sediment diffusion parameters fitted with the data from actual measurements. From the sediment diffusion parameters observed for uptake and release kinetics, it is seen that the uptake kinetics are distinctly slower than the release kinetics, most likely because of the sorption-desorption hysteresis of {PCBs} in the study sediment. Despite the presence of the anisotropic {PCB} exchange kinetics, a performance reference compound ({PRC})-based method, which is grounded on the assumption of isotropic exchange kinetics, estimated the freely dissolved aqueous concentrations (Cfree) of {PCBs} in sediment pore-water with less than a factor of two error for the study sediment. The novel method developed in this study using {PE} with multiple thicknesses also gives reasonable estimates of Cfree, demonstrating its potential as another option for non-equilibrium passive sampling for hydrophobic organic contaminants in sediment pore-water.},
	pages = {579--86},
	journaltitle = {J Hazard Mater},
	shortjournal = {Journal of hazardous materials},
	author = {Choi, Y. and Wu, Y. and Luthy, R. G. and Kang, S.},
	date = {2016-11-15},
	file = {1-s2.0-S030438941630677X-main:C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\KKWMSV2H\\1-s2.0-S030438941630677X-main.pdf:application/pdf}
}

@article{ballesta_validation_2016,
	title = {Validation and modelling of a novel diffusive sampler for determining concentrations of volatile organic compounds in air},
	volume = {908},
	issn = {1873-4324 (Electronic) 0003-2670 (Linking)},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26826692},
	doi = {10.1016/j.aca.2015.12.032},
	shorttitle = {Validation and modelling of a novel diffusive sampler for determining concentrations of volatile organic compounds in air},
	abstract = {A novel diffusive sampler that combines radial and axial diffusion has been developed that improves upon existing commercially available designs. The {POcket} Diffusive ({POD}) sampler has been validated under laboratory and field conditions for the measurements of {VOCs} in ambient air. Laboratory tests varied sampling conditions of temperature (-30-40 C), humidity (10-80\%), wind velocity (0.1-4 m s(-1)), and concentration (0.5-50 mug m(-3)) for a number of specific {VOCs}. An overall uncertainty of circa 9\% for the measurement of benzene is calculated for the validation tests, in compliance with the data quality objectives of the {EU} air quality directive 2008/50/{EC}. A semi-empirical diffusion model has been developed to estimate sampling rates for compounds that were not tested, and for conditions outside of tested ranges during validation. The diffusion model (and validation tests) shows a low influence of environmental conditions on the sampling rate for the {POD} sampler. Average reproducibility values of circa 3\% are reported with overall sampling uncertainties ranging from 9\% to 15\%, for the whole range of tested conditions, depending on the compound. The adsorbent cartridge is compatible with existing thermal desorption systems in the market. The diffusive sampler can modify the sampling rate by changing the diffusive body within a range of different porosities. Field tests, conducted in parallel with independent quality controlled canister sampling, confirmed the ease of use and quality of {VOC} measurements with the {POD} sampler, for compounds that were, and were not, evaluated during laboratory tests.},
	pages = {102--12},
	journaltitle = {Anal Chim Acta},
	shortjournal = {Analytica chimica acta},
	author = {Ballesta, P. P. and Grandesso, E. and Field, R. A. and Cabrerizo, A.},
	date = {2016-02-18},
	file = {1-s2.0-S0003267016300083-main:C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\ESQ3HFZM\\1-s2.0-S0003267016300083-main.pdf:application/pdf}
}

@article{dangelo_desorption_2016,
	title = {Desorption kinetics of ciprofloxacin in municipal biosolids determined by diffusion gradient in thin films},
	volume = {164},
	issn = {1879-1298 (Electronic) 0045-6535 (Linking)},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27591373},
	doi = {10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.08.101},
	shorttitle = {Desorption kinetics of ciprofloxacin in municipal biosolids determined by diffusion gradient in thin films},
	abstract = {Ciprofloxacin ({CIP}) is a commonly-prescribed antibiotic that is largely excreted by the body, and is often found at elevated concentrations in treated sewage sludge (biosolids) at municipal wastewater treatment plants. When biosolids are applied to soils, they could release {CIP} to surface runoff, which could adversely affect growth of aquatic organisms that inhabit receiving water bodies. The hazard risk largely depends on the amount of antibiotic in the solid phase that can be released to solution (labile {CIP}), its diffusion coefficient, and sorption/desorption exchange rates in biosolids particles. In this study, these processes were evaluated in a Class A Exceptional Quality Biosolids using a diffusion gradient in thin films ({DGT}) sampler that continuously removed {CIP} from solution, which induced desorption and diffusion in biosolids. Mass accumulation of antibiotic in the sampler over time was fit by a diffusion transport and exchange model available in the software tool 2D-{DIFS} to derive the distribution coefficient of labile {CIP} (Kdl) and sorption/desorption rate constants in the biosolids. The Kdl was 13 {mL} g-1, which equated to 16\% of total {CIP} in the labile pool. Although the proportion of labile {CIP} was considerable, release rates to solution were constrained by slow desorption kinetics (desorption rate constant = 4 x 10-6 s-1) and diffusion rate (effective diffusion coefficient = 6 x 10-9 cm2 s-1. Studies are needed to investigate how changes in temperature, water content, {pH} and other physical and chemical characteristics can influence antibiotic release kinetics and availability and mobility in biosolid-amended soils.},
	pages = {215--224},
	journaltitle = {Chemosphere},
	shortjournal = {Chemosphere},
	author = {D'Angelo, E. and Starnes, D.},
	date = {2016-12},
	file = {1-s2.0-S0045653516311328-main:C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\6IWXD87A\\1-s2.0-S0045653516311328-main.pdf:application/pdf}
}

@article{deng_analytical_2016,
	title = {Analytical solution of {VOCs} emission from wet materials with variable thickness},
	volume = {104},
	issn = {03601323},
	doi = {10.1016/j.buildenv.2016.05.005},
	shorttitle = {Analytical solution of {VOCs} emission from wet materials with variable thickness},
	pages = {145--151},
	journaltitle = {Building and Environment},
	author = {Deng, Baoqing and Zhang, Bing and Qiu, Yinfeng},
	date = {2016},
	file = {1-s2.0-S0360132316301573-main:C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\M5CGTNUI\\1-s2.0-S0360132316301573-main.pdf:application/pdf}
}

@article{grandy_development_2016,
	title = {Development of a Carbon Mesh Supported Thin Film Microextraction Membrane As a Means to Lower the Detection Limits of Benchtop and Portable {GC}/{MS} Instrumentation},
	volume = {88},
	issn = {1520-6882 (Electronic) 0003-2700 (Linking)},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26681107},
	doi = {10.1021/acs.analchem.5b04008},
	shorttitle = {Development of a Carbon Mesh Supported Thin Film Microextraction Membrane As a Means to Lower the Detection Limits of Benchtop and Portable {GC}/{MS} Instrumentation},
	abstract = {In this work, a durable and easy to handle thin film microextraction ({TFME}) device is reported. The membrane is comprised of poly(divinylbenzene) ({DVB}) resin particles suspended in a high-density polydimethylsiloxane ({PDMS}) glue, which is spread onto a carbon fiber mesh. The currently presented membrane was shown to exhibit a substantially lesser amount of siloxane bleed during thermal desorption, while providing a statistically similar extraction efficiency toward a broad spectrum of analytes varying in polarity when compared to an unsupported {DVB}/{PDMS} membrane of similar shape and size which was prepared with previously published methods. With the use of hand-portable {GC}-{TMS} instrumentation, membranes cut with dimensions 40 mm long by 4.85 mm wide and 40 +/- 5 mum thick (per side) were shown to extract 21.2, 19.8, 18.5, 18,4, 26.8, and 23.7 times the amount of 2,4 dichlorophenol, 2,4,6 trichlorophenol, phorate D10, fonofos, chloropyrifos, and parathion, respectively, within 15 min from a 10 ppb aqueous solution as compared to a 65 mum {DVB}/{PDMS} solid phase microextraction ({SPME}) fiber. A portable high volume desorption module prototype was also evaluated and shown to be appropriate for the desorption of analytes with a volatility equal to or lesser than benzene when employed in conjunction with {TFME} membranes. Indeed, the coupling of these {TFME} devices to hand-portable gas chromatography toroidial ion trap mass spectrometry ({GC}-{TMS}) instrumentation was shown to push detection limits for these pesticides down to the hundreds of ppt levels, nearing that which can be achieved with benchtop instrumentation. Where these membranes can also be coupled to benchtop instrumentation it is reasonable to assume that detection limits could be pushed down even further. As a final proof of the concept, the first ever, entirely on-site {TFME}-{GC}-{TMS} analysis was performed at a construction impacted lake. Results had indicated the presence of contaminants such as toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene, 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate, and tris(1-chloro-2-propyl)phosphate, which stood out from other naturally occurring compounds detected.},
	pages = {1760--7},
	number = {3},
	journaltitle = {Anal Chem},
	shortjournal = {Analytical chemistry},
	author = {Grandy, J. J. and Boyaci, E. and Pawliszyn, J.},
	date = {2016-02-02},
	file = {acs%2Eanalchem%2E5b04008:C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\MRFASE9S\\acs%2Eanalchem%2E5b04008.pdf:application/pdf}
}

@article{jolly_aptamer-mip_2016,
	title = {Aptamer-{MIP} hybrid receptor for highly sensitive electrochemical detection of prostate specific antigen},
	volume = {75},
	issn = {1873-4235 (Electronic) 0956-5663 (Linking)},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26318788},
	doi = {10.1016/j.bios.2015.08.043},
	shorttitle = {Aptamer-{MIP} hybrid receptor for highly sensitive electrochemical detection of prostate specific antigen},
	abstract = {This study reports the design and evaluation of a new synthetic receptor sensor based on the amalgamation of biomolecular recognition elements and molecular imprinting to overcome some of the challenges faced by conventional protein imprinting. A thiolated {DNA} aptamer with established affinity for prostate specific antigen ({PSA}) was complexed with {PSA} prior to being immobilised on the surface of a gold electrode. Controlled electropolymerisation of dopamine around the complex served to both entrap the complex, holding the aptamer in, or near to, it's binding conformation, and to localise the {PSA} binding sites at the sensor surface. Following removal of {PSA}, it was proposed that the molecularly imprinted polymer ({MIP}) cavity would act synergistically with the embedded aptamer to form a hybrid receptor (apta-{MIP}), displaying recognition properties superior to that of aptamer alone. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy ({EIS}) was used to evaluate subsequent rebinding of {PSA} to the apta-{MIP} surface. The apta-{MIP} sensor showed high sensitivity with a linear response from 100pg/ml to 100ng/ml of {PSA} and a limit of detection of 1pg/ml, which was three-fold higher than aptamer alone sensor for {PSA}. Furthermore, the sensor demonstrated low cross-reactivity with a homologous protein (human Kallikrein 2) and low response to human serum albumin ({HSA}), suggesting possible resilience to the non-specific binding of serum proteins.},
	pages = {188--95},
	journaltitle = {Biosens Bioelectron},
	shortjournal = {Biosensors \& bioelectronics},
	author = {Jolly, P. and Tamboli, V. and Harniman, R. L. and Estrela, P. and Allender, C. J. and Bowen, J. L.},
	date = {2016-01-15},
	keywords = {Humans, Male, Polymers/chemistry, *Biosensing Techniques, *Molecular Imprinting, Aptamers, Nucleotide/chemistry, Dielectric Spectroscopy, Gold/chemistry, Kallikreins/*blood, Prostate-Specific Antigen/*blood, Serum Albumin/isolation \& purification, Tissue Kallikreins/isolation \& purification},
	file = {apt-1:C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\DSP66TVC\\apt-1.pdf:application/pdf}
}

@article{gomez-rios_biocompatible_2016-1,
	title = {Biocompatible Solid-Phase Microextraction Nanoelectrospray Ionization: An Unexploited Tool in Bioanalysis},
	volume = {88},
	issn = {1520-6882 (Electronic) 0003-2700 (Linking)},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26648347},
	doi = {10.1021/acs.analchem.5b03668},
	shorttitle = {Biocompatible Solid-Phase Microextraction Nanoelectrospray Ionization: An Unexploited Tool in Bioanalysis},
	abstract = {In recent years, different geometrical configurations of solid-phase microextraction ({SPME}) have been directly coupled to mass spectrometry, resulting in benefits such as diminishing matrix effects, improvement of detection limits, and considerable enhancement of analysis throughput. Although {SPME} fibers have been used for years, their potential for quantitative analysis when directly combined with mass spectrometry has not been explored to its full extent. In this study, we present the direct coupling of biocompatible {SPME} (Bio-{SPME}) fibers to mass spectrometry via nanoelectrospray ionization (nano-{ESI}) emitters as a powerful tool for fast quantitative analysis of target analytes in biofluids. Total sample preparation time does not exceed 2 min, and by selecting an appropriate fiber length and sample vessel, sample volumes ranging between 10 and 1500 {muL} can be used. Despite the short extraction time of the technique, limits of detection in the subnanogram per milliliter with good accuracy ({\textgreater}/=90\%) and linearity (R(2) {\textgreater} 0.999) were attained for all the studied probes in phosphate-buffered saline ({PBS}), urine, and whole blood. Given that Bio-{SPME}-nano-{ESI} efficiently integrates sampling with analyte extraction/enrichment, sample cleanup (including elimination of matrix effects in the form of particles), and ionization, our results demonstrated that it is an advantageous configuration for bioanalytical applications such as therapeutic drug monitoring, doping in sports, and pharmacological studies in various matrixes.},
	pages = {1259--65},
	number = {2},
	journaltitle = {Anal Chem},
	shortjournal = {Analytical chemistry},
	author = {Gomez-Rios, G. A. and Reyes-Garces, N. and Bojko, B. and Pawliszyn, J.},
	date = {2016-01-19},
	file = {acs%2Eanalchem%2E5b03668:C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\692EGEN8\\acs%2Eanalchem%2E5b03668.pdf:application/pdf}
}

@article{guan_high-resolution_2016,
	title = {High-resolution measurement and mapping of tungstate in waters, soils and sediments using the low-disturbance {DGT} sampling technique},
	volume = {316},
	issn = {1873-3336 (Electronic) 0304-3894 (Linking)},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27209520},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.05.026},
	shorttitle = {High-resolution measurement and mapping of tungstate in waters, soils and sediments using the low-disturbance {DGT} sampling technique},
	abstract = {Increasing tungsten (W) use for industrial and military applications has resulted in greater W discharge into natural waters, soils and sediments. Risk modeling of W transport and fate in the environment relies on measurement of the release/mobilization flux of W in the bulk media and the interfaces between matrix compartments. Diffusive gradients in thin-films ({DGT}) is a promising passive sampling technique to acquire such information. {DGT} devices equipped with the newly developed high-resolution binding gels (precipitated zirconia, {PZ}, or ferrihydrite, {PF}, gels) or classic/conventional ferrihydrite slurry gel were comprehensively assessed for measuring W in waters. (Ferrihydrite){DGT} can measure W at various ionic strengths (0.001-0.5molL(-1) {NaNO}3) and {pH} (4-8), while ({PZ}){DGT} can operate across slightly wider environmental conditions. The three {DGT} configurations gave comparable results for soil W measurement, showing that typically W resupply is relatively poorly sustained. 1D and 2D high-resolution W profiling across sediment-water and hotspot-bulk media interfaces from Lake Taihu were obtained using ({PZ}){DGT} coupled with laser ablation {ICP}-{MS} measurement, and the apparent diffusion fluxes across the interfaces were calculated using a numerical model.},
	pages = {69--76},
	journaltitle = {J Hazard Mater},
	shortjournal = {Journal of hazardous materials},
	author = {Guan, D. X. and Williams, P. N. and Xu, H. C. and Li, G. and Luo, J. and Ma, L. Q.},
	date = {2016-10-05},
	file = {1-s2.0-S0304389416304575-main(1):C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\R8RJQ962\\1-s2.0-S0304389416304575-main(1).pdf:application/pdf}
}

@article{hanousek_novel_2016,
	title = {Novel diffusive gradients in thin films technique to assess labile sulfate in soil},
	volume = {408},
	issn = {1618-2650 (Electronic) 1618-2642 (Linking)},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27491301},
	doi = {10.1007/s00216-016-9801-8},
	shorttitle = {Novel diffusive gradients in thin films technique to assess labile sulfate in soil},
	abstract = {A novel diffusive gradients in thin films ({DGT}) technique for sampling labile soil sulfate was developed, based on a strong basic anion exchange resin (Amberlite {IRA}-400) for sulfate immobilization on the binding gel. For reducing the sulfate background on the resin gels, photopolymerization was applied instead of ammonium persulfate-induced polymerization. Agarose cross-linked polyacrylamide ({APA}) hydrogels were used as diffusive layer. The sulfate diffusion coefficient in {APA} gel was determined as 9.83 x 10(-6) +/- 0.35 x 10(-6) cm(2) s(-1) at 25 degrees C. The accumulated sulfate was eluted in 1 mol L(-1) {HNO}3 with a recovery of 90.9 +/- 1.6 \%. The developed method was tested against two standard extraction methods for soil sulfate measurement. The obtained low correlation coefficients indicate that {DGT} and conventional soil test methods assess differential soil sulfate pools, rendering {DGT} a potentially important tool for measuring labile soil sulfate.},
	pages = {6759--67},
	number = {24},
	journaltitle = {Anal Bioanal Chem},
	shortjournal = {Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry},
	author = {Hanousek, O. and Mason, S. and Santner, J. and Chowdhury, M. M. and Berger, T. W. and Prohaska, T.},
	date = {2016-09},
	file = {art%3A10.1007%2Fs00216-016-9801-8:C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\UVPWQ9AX\\art%3A10.1007%2Fs00216-016-9801-8.pdf:application/pdf}
}

@article{hedoux_recent_2016,
	title = {Recent developments in the Raman and infrared investigations of amorphous pharmaceuticals and protein formulations: A review},
	volume = {100},
	issn = {1872-8294 (Electronic) 0169-409X (Linking)},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26686831},
	doi = {10.1016/j.addr.2015.11.021},
	shorttitle = {Recent developments in the Raman and infrared investigations of amorphous pharmaceuticals and protein formulations: A review},
	abstract = {The success rate for drug discovery and the development of innovative therapeutic strategies are intimately related to the physical properties of the solid-state condensed matter, which have direct influence on the bioavailability of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients. In order to transform a new molecule in efficient drug, the material is brought into an amorphous state using various manufacturing processes including freeze drying, spray drying, hot melt extrusion and loading in different delivery devices. The infrared and Raman spectroscopic analyses used for exploring disordered and amorphous states, for the monitoring of the drug physical stability in drug delivery systems are described in this review.},
	pages = {133--46},
	journaltitle = {Adv Drug Deliv Rev},
	shortjournal = {Advanced drug delivery reviews},
	author = {Hedoux, A.},
	date = {2016-05-01},
	file = {1-s2.0-S0169409X15002859-main:C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\F6XHE7TD\\1-s2.0-S0169409X15002859-main.pdf:application/pdf}
}

@article{herkert_model_2016,
	title = {A Model Using Local Weather Data to Determine the Effective Sampling Volume for {PCB} Congeners Collected on Passive Air Samplers},
	volume = {50},
	issn = {1520-5851 (Electronic) 0013-936X (Linking)},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26963482},
	doi = {10.1021/acs.est.6b00319},
	shorttitle = {A Model Using Local Weather Data to Determine the Effective Sampling Volume for {PCB} Congeners Collected on Passive Air Samplers},
	abstract = {We have developed and evaluated a mathematical model to determine the effective sampling volumes (Veff) of {PCBs} and similar compounds captured using polyurethane foam passive air samplers ({PUF}-{PAS}). We account for the variability in wind speed, air temperature, and equilibrium partitioning over the course of the deployment of the samplers. The model, provided as an annotated Matlab script, predicts the Veff as a function of physical-chemical properties of each compound and meteorology from the closest Integrated Surface Database ({ISD}) data set obtained through {NOAA}'s National Centers for Environmental Information ({NCEI}). The model was developed to be user-friendly, only requiring basic Matlab knowledge. To illustrate the effectiveness of the model, we evaluated three independent data sets of airborne {PCBs} simultaneously collected using passive and active samplers: at sites in Chicago, Lancaster, {UK}, and Toronto, Canada. The model provides Veff values comparable to those using depuration compounds and calibration against active samplers, yielding an average congener specific concentration method ratio (active/passive) of 1.1 +/- 1.2. We applied the model to {PUF}-{PAS} samples collected in Chicago and show that previous methods can underestimate concentrations of {PCBs} by up to 40\%, especially for long deployments, deployments conducted under warming conditions, and compounds with log Koa values less than 8.},
	pages = {6690--7},
	number = {13},
	journaltitle = {Environ Sci Technol},
	shortjournal = {Environmental science \& technology},
	author = {Herkert, N. J. and Martinez, A. and Hornbuckle, K. C.},
	date = {2016-07-05},
	file = {es6b00319:C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\GPVI4ZJM\\es6b00319.pdf:application/pdf}
}

@article{ilgu_aptamers_2016,
	title = {Aptamers in analytics},
	volume = {141},
	issn = {1364-5528 (Electronic) 0003-2654 (Linking)},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26864075},
	doi = {10.1039/c5an01824b},
	shorttitle = {Aptamers in analytics},
	abstract = {Nucleic acid aptamers are promising alternatives to antibodies in analytics. They are generally obtained through an iterative {SELEX} protocol that enriches a population of synthetic oligonucleotides to a subset that can recognize the chosen target molecule specifically and avidly. A wide range of targets is recognized by aptamers. Once identified and optimized for performance, aptamers can be reproducibly synthesized and offer other key features, like small size, low cost, sensitivity, specificity, rapid response, stability, and reusability. This makes them excellent options for sensory units in a variety of analytical platforms including those with electrochemical, optical, and mass sensitive transduction detection. Many novel sensing strategies have been developed by rational design to take advantage of the tendency of aptamers to undergo conformational changes upon target/analyte binding and employing the principles of base complementarity that can drive the nucleic acid structure. Despite their many advantages over antibodies, surprisingly few aptamers have yet been integrated into commercially available analytical devices. In this review, we discuss how to select and engineer aptamers for their identified application(s), some of the challenges faced in developing aptamers for analytics and many examples of their reported successful performance as sensors in a variety of analytical platforms.},
	pages = {1551--68},
	number = {5},
	journaltitle = {Analyst},
	shortjournal = {The Analyst},
	author = {Ilgu, M. and Nilsen-Hamilton, M.},
	date = {2016-03-07},
	file = {apt-2:C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\EHIF4PM6\\apt-2.pdf:application/pdf}
}

@article{kumar_real-time_2016,
	title = {Real-time sensors for indoor air monitoring and challenges ahead in deploying them to urban buildings},
	volume = {560-561},
	issn = {1879-1026 (Electronic) 0048-9697 (Linking)},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27101450},
	doi = {10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.04.032},
	shorttitle = {Real-time sensors for indoor air monitoring and challenges ahead in deploying them to urban buildings},
	abstract = {Household air pollution is ranked the 9(th) largest Global Burden of Disease risk (Forouzanfar et al., The Lancet 2015). People, particularly urban dwellers, typically spend over 90\% of their daily time indoors, where levels of air pollution often surpass those of outdoor environments. Indoor air quality ({IAQ}) standards and approaches for assessment and control of indoor air require measurements of pollutant concentrations and thermal comfort using conventional instruments. However, the outcomes of such measurements are usually averages over long integrated time periods, which become available after the exposure has already occurred. Moreover, conventional monitoring is generally incapable of addressing temporal and spatial heterogeneity of indoor air pollution, or providing information on peak exposures that occur when specific indoor sources are in operation. This article provides a review of new air pollution sensing methods to determine {IAQ} and discusses how real-time sensing could bring a paradigm shift in controlling the concentration of key air pollutants in billions of urban houses worldwide. We also show that besides the opportunities, challenges still remain in terms of maturing technologies, or data mining and their interpretation. Moreover, we discuss further research and essential development needed to close gaps between what is available today and needed tomorrow. In particular, we demonstrate that awareness of {IAQ} risks and availability of appropriate regulation are lagging behind the technologies.},
	pages = {150--9},
	journaltitle = {Sci Total Environ},
	shortjournal = {The Science of the total environment},
	author = {Kumar, P. and Skouloudis, A. N. and Bell, M. and Viana, M. and Carotta, M. C. and Biskos, G. and Morawska, L.},
	date = {2016-08-01},
	file = {1-s2.0-S0048969716307124-main:C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\HQWB8GDJ\\1-s2.0-S0048969716307124-main.pdf:application/pdf}
}

@article{li_-chip_2016,
	title = {On-chip, aptamer-based sandwich assay for detection of glycated hemoglobins via magnetic beads},
	volume = {79},
	issn = {1873-4235 (Electronic) 0956-5663 (Linking)},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26797251},
	doi = {10.1016/j.bios.2016.01.029},
	shorttitle = {On-chip, aptamer-based sandwich assay for detection of glycated hemoglobins via magnetic beads},
	abstract = {Diabetes can be diagnosed and monitored by measurement of the cutoff ratio between glycated hemoglobins ({HbA}1c) and total hemoglobin (Hb), which does not require a fasting blood sample and is less influenced by biological variations. In this study, we combined the advantages of the microfluidic system and the selected low-cost, stable and specific aptamers and developed an integrated, aptamer-based microfluidic system for automatic glycated hemoglobin measurements. The detection process of human whole blood can be totally automated in this integrated microfluidic system. According to the experimental results, when compared to conventional bench-top manual assays, reagent consumption was significantly reduced by 75\%, and the analysis time was reduced from 3.5h to 30 min. Besides, the novelty in this research also lies in the simultaneously performed two parallel assays for detection of Hb and {HbA}1c in a single chip. Therefore, this sensitive and low-cost aptamer-based microfluidic system may become a promising tool for point-of -care diagnosis of diabetes.},
	pages = {887--93},
	journaltitle = {Biosens Bioelectron},
	shortjournal = {Biosensors \& bioelectronics},
	author = {Li, J. and Chang, K. W. and Wang, C. H. and Yang, C. H. and Shiesh, S. C. and Lee, G. B.},
	date = {2016-05-15},
	file = {1-s2.0-S0956566316300318-main:C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\XKIF7DU7\\1-s2.0-S0956566316300318-main.pdf:application/pdf}
}

@article{lissalde_overview_2016,
	title = {Overview of the Chemcatcher(R) for the passive sampling of various pollutants in aquatic environments Part B: Field handling and environmental applications for the monitoring of pollutants and their biological effects},
	volume = {148},
	issn = {1873-3573 (Electronic) 0039-9140 (Linking)},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26653486},
	doi = {10.1016/j.talanta.2015.06.076},
	shorttitle = {Overview of the Chemcatcher(R) for the passive sampling of various pollutants in aquatic environments Part B: Field handling and environmental applications for the monitoring of pollutants and their biological effects},
	abstract = {The Chemcatcher((R)) has been used for a wide range of environmental applications in various media (river water, seawater, sewage water, and treated wastewater). The aim of part B of this review is to compile and discuss the results obtained during these applications, from a screening or quantitative monitoring of water contamination, to a comparison with biomonitoring and bioassays. Special attention will also be paid to, firstly, the influence of environmental factors on analyte uptake and, secondly, the use of Performance and Reference Compounds for the in situ correction of sampling rates.},
	pages = {572--82},
	journaltitle = {Talanta},
	shortjournal = {Talanta},
	author = {Lissalde, S. and Charriau, A. and Poulier, G. and Mazzella, N. and Buzier, R. and Guibaud, G.},
	date = {2016-02-01},
	keywords = {Environmental Monitoring/instrumentation/*methods, Water Pollutants, Chemical/*analysis, Rivers/chemistry, Seawater/chemistry, Water Pollution/*analysis},
	file = {1-s2.0-S0039914015301181-main:C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\7WWKCN2V\\1-s2.0-S0039914015301181-main.pdf:application/pdf}
}

@article{liu_nanoparticulate_2016,
	title = {A nanoparticulate liquid binding phase based {DGT} device for aquatic arsenic measurement},
	volume = {160},
	issn = {1873-3573 (Electronic) 0039-9140 (Linking)},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27591608},
	doi = {10.1016/j.talanta.2016.06.064},
	shorttitle = {A nanoparticulate liquid binding phase based {DGT} device for aquatic arsenic measurement},
	abstract = {A nanomaterials-based {DGT} device constructed with commercial dialysis membrane as diffusive layer and nanoparticulate Fe3O4 aqueous suspension as binding phase is developed and validated for in situ aquatic arsenic measurement. The Fe3O4NPs binding phase is capable of quantitatively accumulated both As({III}) and As(V) species. As({III}) and As(V) species coexist in the vast majority of environmental water samples. The large difference in diffusion coefficients of As({III}) ({DAs}({III})=3.05x10(-7)cm(2)s(-1)) and As(V) ({DAs}(V)=1.63x10(-7)cm(2)s(-1)) makes the accurate {DGT} determination of total arsenic concentration of samples containing both species difficult. An effective diffusion coefficient ({DAs} ={DAs}({III})[1/(1+x)]+{DAs}(V)[x/(1+x)],where,x=As(V)/As({III})) approach is therefore proposed and validated for accurate {DGT} determination of total arsenic when As({III}) and As(V) coexist. The experimental results demonstrate that for samples having As(V)/As({III}) ratios between 0.1 and 0.9, the {DGT} determined total arsenic concentrations using {DAs} are within +/-93-99\% of that determined by {ICP}-{MS}. The general principle demonstrated in this work opens up a new avenue of utilizing functional nanomaterials as {DGT} binding phase, paving a way for developing new generation nanomaterials-based {DGT} devices that can be readily produced in massive numbers at low costs, facilitating the widespread use of {DGT} for large-scale environmental assessment and other applications.},
	pages = {225--32},
	journaltitle = {Talanta},
	shortjournal = {Talanta},
	author = {Liu, S. and Qin, N. and Song, J. and Zhang, Y. and Cai, W. and Zhang, H. and Wang, G. and Zhao, H.},
	date = {2016-11-01},
	file = {1-s2.0-S0039914016304891-main:C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\46SVXAAH\\1-s2.0-S0039914016304891-main.pdf:application/pdf}
}

@article{magnusson_field_2016,
	title = {Field evaluation and calibration of a small axial passive air sampler for gaseous and particle bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ({PAHs}) and oxygenated {PAHs}},
	volume = {216},
	issn = {1873-6424 (Electronic) 0269-7491 (Linking)},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27267739},
	doi = {10.1016/j.envpol.2016.05.067},
	shorttitle = {Field evaluation and calibration of a small axial passive air sampler for gaseous and particle bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ({PAHs}) and oxygenated {PAHs}},
	abstract = {Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ({PAHs}) and their oxygenated analogues ({OPAHs}) are ubiquitous air pollutants known to cause adverse health effects. {PAH} air levels are commonly monitored by active sampling but passive sampling has become popular because of its lower cost and simplicity, which facilitate long-term sampling and increased spatial coverage. However, passive samplers are less suitable for short-term sampling and are in general less accurate than active samplers because they require reliable sampling rate (Rs) measurements for individual analytes under diverse environmental conditions. In this study a small passive sampler designed to sample both particle-bound and gaseous compounds was evaluated and calibrated for {PAHs} and {OPAHs} in a traffic environment by co-deployment with active samplers for two weeks. Despite the relatively low average air concentrations of {PM}10 (20 mug/m(3)), {PM}2.5 (5 mug/m(3)), total {PAHs} (4.2 ng/m(3)), and {OPAHs} (2.3 ng/m(3)) at the site, detectable quantities (on average 24 times above blank values) of the full range of {PAHs} and {OPAHs} were captured, with low variability (average {RSD} of 16\%). This was accomplished by using a Tenax((R)) {TA}-modified glass fiber substrate that is compatible with highly sensitive thermal desorption {GC}-{MS} analysis, which made it possible to achieve detection limits per sample in the pg range. Experiments with inverted samplers revealed that the relative contribution of gravitational settling to the sampling of particles carrying {PAHs} and {OPAHs} was around 3.5 times larger than other deposition mechanisms. Average Rs values for individual {OPAHs} and {PAHs} were 0.046 +/- 0.03 m(3)/day and 0.12 +/- 0.07 m(3)/day, respectively, with no appreciable difference between the values for particle-associated and gaseous compounds. Furthermore, the Rs values were competitive with other currently used passive samplers if normalized for substrate area. Overall, the new sampler's performance, simplicity and ability to generate relatively time-resolved data make it a promising candidate for diverse {SVOC} monitoring studies.},
	pages = {235--44},
	journaltitle = {Environ Pollut},
	shortjournal = {Environmental pollution},
	author = {Magnusson, R. and Arnoldsson, K. and Lejon, C. and Hagglund, L. and Wingfors, H.},
	date = {2016-09},
	file = {1-s2.0-S0269749116304559-main:C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\PXSWSJCT\\1-s2.0-S0269749116304559-main.pdf:application/pdf}
}

@article{loizidou_evaluation_2016,
	title = {Evaluation of geometrical effects of microneedles on skin penetration by {CT} scan and finite element analysis},
	volume = {107},
	issn = {1873-3441 (Electronic) 0939-6411 (Linking)},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27373753},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ejpb.2016.06.023},
	shorttitle = {Evaluation of geometrical effects of microneedles on skin penetration by {CT} scan and finite element analysis},
	abstract = {Computerized tomography scan ({CT} scan) imaging and finite element analysis were employed to investigate how the geometric composition of microneedles affects their mechanical strength and penetration characteristics. Simulations of microneedle arrays, comprising triangular, square and hexagonal microneedle base, revealed a linear dependence of the mechanical strength to the number of vertices in the polygon base. A laser-enabled, micromoulding technique was then used to fabricate 3x3 microneedle arrays, each individual microneedle having triangular, square or hexagonal base geometries. Their penetration characteristics into ex-vivo porcine skin, were investigated for the first time by {CT} scan imaging. This revealed greater penetration depths for the triangular and square-based microneedles, demonstrating {CT} scan as a powerful and reliable technique for studying microneedle skin penetration.},
	pages = {1--6},
	journaltitle = {Eur J Pharm Biopharm},
	shortjournal = {European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics : official journal of Arbeitsgemeinschaft fur Pharmazeutische Verfahrenstechnik e.V},
	author = {Loizidou, E. Z. and Inoue, N. T. and Ashton-Barnett, J. and Barrow, D. A. and Allender, C. J.},
	date = {2016-10},
	file = {1-s2.0-S0939641116302545-main:C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\JDUP8WEU\\1-s2.0-S0939641116302545-main.pdf:application/pdf}
}

@article{manago_reliable_2016,
	title = {A reliable Raman-spectroscopy-based approach for diagnosis, classification and follow-up of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia},
	volume = {6},
	issn = {2045-2322 (Electronic) 2045-2322 (Linking)},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27089853},
	doi = {10.1038/srep24821},
	shorttitle = {A reliable Raman-spectroscopy-based approach for diagnosis, classification and follow-up of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia},
	abstract = {Acute lymphoblastic leukemia type B (B-{ALL}) is a neoplastic disorder that shows high mortality rates due to immature lymphocyte B-cell proliferation. B-{ALL} diagnosis requires identification and classification of the leukemia cells. Here, we demonstrate the use of Raman spectroscopy to discriminate normal lymphocytic B-cells from three different B-leukemia transformed cell lines (i.e., {RS}4;11, {REH}, {MN}60 cells) based on their biochemical features. In combination with immunofluorescence and Western blotting, we show that these Raman markers reflect the relative changes in the potential biological markers from cell surface antigens, cytoplasmic proteins, and {DNA} content and correlate with the lymphoblastic B-cell maturation/differentiation stages. Our study demonstrates the potential of this technique for classification of B-leukemia cells into the different differentiation/maturation stages, as well as for the identification of key biochemical changes under chemotherapeutic treatments. Finally, preliminary results from clinical samples indicate high consistency of, and potential applications for, this Raman spectroscopy approach.},
	pages = {24821},
	journaltitle = {Sci Rep},
	shortjournal = {Scientific reports},
	author = {Manago, S. and Valente, C. and Mirabelli, P. and Circolo, D. and Basile, F. and Corda, D. and De Luca, A. C.},
	date = {2016},
	file = {srep24821:C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\RTW67NUC\\srep24821.pdf:application/pdf}
}

@article{mao_cfd_2016,
	title = {{CFD} analysis of {SVOC} mass transfer in different chambers},
	volume = {99},
	issn = {00179310},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2016.04.006},
	shorttitle = {{CFD} analysis of {SVOC} mass transfer in different chambers},
	pages = {613--621},
	journaltitle = {International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer},
	author = {Mao, Yun-Feng and Li, Zhuo and He, Ya-Ling and Tao, Wen-Quan},
	date = {2016},
	file = {1-s2.0-S0017931016304756-main:C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\I7RQGSUB\\1-s2.0-S0017931016304756-main.pdf:application/pdf}
}

@article{mclagan_passive_2016,
	title = {Passive air sampling of gaseous elemental mercury: a critical review},
	volume = {16},
	issn = {1680-7324},
	doi = {10.5194/acp-16-3061-2016},
	shorttitle = {Passive air sampling of gaseous elemental mercury: a critical review},
	pages = {3061--3076},
	number = {5},
	journaltitle = {Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics},
	author = {{McLagan}, David S. and Mazur, Maxwell E. E. and Mitchell, Carl P. J. and Wania, Frank},
	date = {2016},
	file = {acp-16-3061-2016:C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\KPJMMKPD\\acp-16-3061-2016.pdf:application/pdf}
}

@article{perez_diffusive_2016,
	title = {Diffusive Milli-Gels ({DMG}) for in situ assessment of metal bioavailability: A comparison with labile metal measurement using Chelex columns and acute toxicity to Ceriodaphnia dubia for copper in freshwaters},
	volume = {164},
	issn = {1879-1298 (Electronic) 0045-6535 (Linking)},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27568367},
	doi = {10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.08.006},
	shorttitle = {Diffusive Milli-Gels ({DMG}) for in situ assessment of metal bioavailability: A comparison with labile metal measurement using Chelex columns and acute toxicity to Ceriodaphnia dubia for copper in freshwaters},
	abstract = {Fluctuations in concentrations of bioavailable metals occur in most natural waters. In situ measurements are desirable to predict risks of adverse effects to aquatic organisms. We evaluated Diffusive Milli-Gels ({DMG}), a new in situ passive sampler, for assessing the bioavailability and toxicity of copper in waters exhibiting a wide range of characteristics. The performance was compared to an established Chelex-column method that measures labile copper concentrations by discrete sampling, and the ability to predict acute toxicity to the cladoceran, Ceriodaphnia dubia. The labile copper concentrations measured by the {DMG} and Chelex-column methods decreased with increasing dissolved organic carbon ({DOC}) (1.9-15 mg L-1) and hardness (21-270 mg {CaCO}3 L-1 hardness), with 20-70\% of total dissolved copper being present as labile copper. Toxicity decreased with increasing {DOC} and hardness. Strong linear relationships existed between the {EC}50 for C. dubia and {DOC}, and when the {EC}50 was related to either the labile copper concentrations measured by {DMG} (r2 = 0.874) or the Chelex column (0.956) methods. The study demonstrates that the {DMG} passive sampler is a relevant tool for the in situ assessment of environmental risks posed by metals whose toxicity is strongly influenced by speciation.},
	pages = {7--13},
	journaltitle = {Chemosphere},
	shortjournal = {Chemosphere},
	author = {Perez, M. and Simpson, S. L. and Lespes, G. and King, J. J. and Adams, M. S. and Jarolimek, C. V. and Grassl, B. and Schaumloffel, D.},
	date = {2016-12},
	file = {1-s2.0-S0045653516310232-main:C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\FG4B6KPK\\1-s2.0-S0045653516310232-main.pdf:application/pdf}
}

@article{parnis_modelling_2016,
	title = {Modelling {PUF} passive air samplers: Temperature dependence of polyurethane foam – Air partitioning of {PAHs} and their O-, N-, and S-derivatives computed by {COSMO}-{RS}},
	volume = {7},
	issn = {13091042},
	doi = {10.1016/j.apr.2015.08.007},
	shorttitle = {Modelling {PUF} passive air samplers: Temperature dependence of polyurethane foam – Air partitioning of {PAHs} and their O-, N-, and S-derivatives computed by {COSMO}-{RS}},
	pages = {155--161},
	number = {1},
	journaltitle = {Atmospheric Pollution Research},
	author = {Parnis, J. Mark and Mackay, Donald and Harner, Tom},
	date = {2016},
	file = {1-s2.0-S1309104215000458-main:C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\DNGH2UKG\\1-s2.0-S1309104215000458-main.pdf:application/pdf}
}

@article{pigeonneau_numerical_2016,
	title = {Numerical investigation of generalized Graetz problem in circular tube with a mass transfer coupling between the solid and the liquid},
	volume = {96},
	issn = {00179310},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2016.01.040},
	shorttitle = {Numerical investigation of generalized Graetz problem in circular tube with a mass transfer coupling between the solid and the liquid},
	pages = {381--395},
	journaltitle = {International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer},
	author = {Pigeonneau, F. and Jaffrennou, B. and Letailleur, A. and Limouzin, K.},
	date = {2016},
	file = {1-s2.0-S0017931015307080-main:C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\CGMV4XDW\\1-s2.0-S0017931015307080-main.pdf:application/pdf}
}

@article{piri-moghadam_critical_2016,
	title = {A critical review of solid phase microextraction for analysis of water samples},
	issn = {01659936},
	doi = {10.1016/j.trac.2016.05.029},
	shorttitle = {A critical review of solid phase microextraction for analysis of water samples},
	journaltitle = {{TrAC} Trends in Analytical Chemistry},
	author = {Piri-Moghadam, Hamed and Ahmadi, Fardin and Pawliszyn, Janusz},
	date = {2016},
	file = {Review_Piri_Water sample[554]:C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\SXUQ8EBI\\Review_Piri_Water sample[554].pdf:application/pdf}
}

@article{poole_extraction_2016,
	title = {Extraction for analytical scale sample preparation ({IUPAC} Technical Report)},
	volume = {88},
	issn = {1365-3075 0033-4545},
	doi = {10.1515/pac-2015-0705},
	shorttitle = {Extraction for analytical scale sample preparation ({IUPAC} Technical Report)},
	number = {7},
	journaltitle = {Pure and Applied Chemistry},
	author = {Poole, Colin and Mester, Zoltan and Miró, Manuel and Pedersen-Bjergaard, Stig and Pawliszyn, Janusz},
	date = {2016},
	file = {[Pure and Applied Chemistry] Extraction for analytical scale sample preparation (IUPAC Technical Report):C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\V85P3QQA\\[Pure and Applied Chemistry] Extraction for analytical scale sample preparation (IUPAC Technical Report).pdf:application/pdf}
}

@article{raposo_evaluation_2016,
	title = {Evaluation of analytical calibration based on least-squares linear regression for instrumental techniques: A tutorial review},
	volume = {77},
	issn = {01659936},
	doi = {10.1016/j.trac.2015.12.006},
	shorttitle = {Evaluation of analytical calibration based on least-squares linear regression for instrumental techniques: A tutorial review},
	pages = {167--185},
	journaltitle = {{TrAC} Trends in Analytical Chemistry},
	author = {Raposo, Francisco},
	date = {2016},
	file = {Calibration basics 2:C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\5V7H7KAA\\Calibration basics 2.pdf:application/pdf}
}

@article{rath_correlation_2016,
	title = {Correlation of Capture Efficiency with the Geometry, Transport, and Reaction Parameters in Heterogeneous Immunosensors},
	volume = {32},
	issn = {1520-5827 (Electronic) 0743-7463 (Linking)},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26766772},
	doi = {10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b00041},
	shorttitle = {Correlation of Capture Efficiency with the Geometry, Transport, and Reaction Parameters in Heterogeneous Immunosensors},
	abstract = {Higher capture efficiency of biomarkers in heterogeneous immunosensors would enable early detection of diseases. Several strategies are used to improve the capture efficiency of these immunosensors including the geometry of the system along with the transport and reaction parameters. Having a prior knowledge of the behavior of the above parameters would facilitate the design of an efficient immunosensor. While the contributions of the transport and reaction parameters toward understanding of the mechanism involved in capture have been well studied in the literature, their effect in combination with the geometry of the sensors has not been explored until now. In this work, we have experimentally demonstrated that the capture efficiency of the antigen-antibody systems is inversely related to the size of the sensor patch. The experimental system was simulated in order to get an in-depth understanding of the mechanism behind the experimental observation. Further, the extent of heterogeneity in the system was analyzed using the Sips isotherm to obtain the heterogeneity index (alpha) and the reaction rate constant (K(D)) as fitted parameters for a sensor patch of 1.5 mm radius. The experimental kinetic data obtained for the same sensor patch matched reasonably with the simulation results by considering K(D) as the global affinity constant, which indicated that our system can be considered to be homogeneous. Our simulation results associated with the size dependency of the capture efficiency were in agreement with the trends obtained in our experimental observations where an inverse relation was observed owing to the fact that the mass-transfer limitation decreases with the decrease in the size of the sensor patch. The possible underlying mechanism associated with size dependency of capture efficiency was discussed based on the time-dependent radial variation of captured antigens obtained from our simulation results. A study on the parametric variation was further conducted for the nonmixed and mixed systems on the transport (Deff), reaction (K(D)), and geometric parameters (R). Two different correlations were established for the nonmixed and mixed systems between the capture efficiency (f) and a nondimensional number (t(D)/t(R)) consisting of the above-mentioned parameters. Such unified relations will be useful in designing heterogeneous immunosensors and can be extended to microfluidic immunosensors.},
	pages = {1410--8},
	number = {5},
	journaltitle = {Langmuir},
	shortjournal = {Langmuir : the {ACS} journal of surfaces and colloids},
	author = {Rath, D. and Panda, S.},
	date = {2016-02-09},
	file = {acs%2Elangmuir%2E6b00041:C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\QN269NJ2\\acs%2Elangmuir%2E6b00041.pdf:application/pdf}
}

@article{regiart_ordered_2016,
	title = {An ordered mesoporous carbon modified electrochemical sensor for solid-phase microextraction and determination of triclosan in environmental samples},
	volume = {232},
	issn = {09254005},
	doi = {10.1016/j.snb.2016.04.031},
	shorttitle = {An ordered mesoporous carbon modified electrochemical sensor for solid-phase microextraction and determination of triclosan in environmental samples},
	pages = {765--772},
	journaltitle = {Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical},
	author = {Regiart, Matías and Magallanes, Jorge L. and Barrera, Deicy and Villarroel-Rocha, Jhonny and Sapag, Karim and Raba, Julio and Bertolino, Franco A.},
	date = {2016},
	file = {1-s2.0-S0925400516305007-main:C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\WUAA95AH\\1-s2.0-S0925400516305007-main.pdf:application/pdf}
}

@article{skodova_situ_2016,
	title = {In situ calibration of three passive samplers for the monitoring of steroid hormones in wastewater},
	volume = {161},
	issn = {00399140},
	doi = {10.1016/j.talanta.2016.08.068},
	shorttitle = {In situ calibration of three passive samplers for the monitoring of steroid hormones in wastewater},
	pages = {405--412},
	journaltitle = {Talanta},
	author = {Škodová, Alena and Prokeš, Roman and Šimek, Zdeněk and Vrana, Branislav},
	date = {2016},
	file = {1-s2.0-S003991401630652X-main:C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\7K6T43DI\\1-s2.0-S003991401630652X-main.pdf:application/pdf}
}

@article{sajjadi_computational_2016,
	title = {Computational fluid dynamics ({CFD}) simulation of a newly designed passive particle sampler},
	volume = {214},
	issn = {1873-6424 (Electronic) 0269-7491 (Linking)},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27108045},
	doi = {10.1016/j.envpol.2016.04.020},
	shorttitle = {Computational fluid dynamics ({CFD}) simulation of a newly designed passive particle sampler},
	abstract = {In this work a series of computational fluid dynamics ({CFD}) simulations were performed to predict the deposition of particles on a newly designed passive dry deposition (Pas-{DD}) sampler. The sampler uses a parallel plate design and a conventional polyurethane foam ({PUF}) disk as the deposition surface. The deposition of particles with sizes between 0.5 and 10 mum was investigated for two different geometries of the Pas-{DD} sampler for different wind speeds and various angles of attack. To evaluate the mean flow field, the k-varepsilon turbulence model was used and turbulent fluctuating velocities were generated using the discrete random walk ({DRW}) model. The {CFD} software {ANSYS}-{FLUENT} was used for performing the numerical simulations. It was found that the deposition velocity increased with particle size or wind speed. The modeled deposition velocities were in general agreement with the experimental measurements and they increased when flow entered the sampler with a non-zero angle of attack. The particle-size dependent deposition velocity was also dependent on the geometry of the leading edge of the sampler; deposition velocities were more dependent on particle size and wind speeds for the sampler without the bend in the leading edge of the deposition plate, compared to a flat plate design. Foam roughness was also found to have a small impact on particle deposition.},
	pages = {410--8},
	journaltitle = {Environ Pollut},
	shortjournal = {Environmental pollution},
	author = {Sajjadi, H. and Tavakoli, B. and Ahmadi, G. and Dhaniyala, S. and Harner, T. and Holsen, T. M.},
	date = {2016-07},
	file = {111:C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\S36R9JM6\\111.pdf:application/pdf}
}

@article{shi_ultrasensitive_2016,
	title = {Ultrasensitive, Specific, Recyclable, and Reproducible Detection of Lead Ions in Real Systems through a Polyadenine-Assisted, Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Silicon Chip},
	volume = {88},
	issn = {1520-6882 (Electronic) 0003-2700 (Linking)},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26923545},
	doi = {10.1021/acs.analchem.5b04551},
	shorttitle = {Ultrasensitive, Specific, Recyclable, and Reproducible Detection of Lead Ions in Real Systems through a Polyadenine-Assisted, Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Silicon Chip},
	abstract = {It is of great significance to accurately and reliably detect trace lead({II}) (Pb(2+)) ions, preferably at sub-{nM} level due to the possible long-term accumulation of Pb(2+) in the human body, which may cause serious threats to human health. However, a suitable Pb(2+) sensor meeting the demands is still scanty. Herein, we develop a polyadenine-assisted, surface-enhanced Raman scattering ({SERS}) silicon chip (0.5 cm x 0.5 cm) composed of core (Ag)-satellite (Au) nanoparticles (Ag-Au {NPs})-decorated silicon wafers (Ag-Au {NPs}@Si) for high-performance Pb(2+) detection. Typically, strong {SERS} signals could be measured when {DNAzyme} conjugated on the {SERS} silicon chip is specifically activated by Pb(2+), cleaving the substrate strand into two free {DNA} strands. A good linearity exists between the normalized Raman intensities and the logarithmic concentrations of Pb(2+) ranging from 10 {pM} to 1 {muM} with a good correlation coefficient, R(2) of 0.997. Remarkably, Pb(2+) ions with a low concentration of 8.9 x 10(-12) M can be readily determined via the {SERS} silicon chip ascribed to its superior {SERS} enhancement, much lower than those ( approximately {nM}) reported by other {SERS} sensors. Additionally, the developed chip features good selectivity and recyclability (e.g., approximately 11.1\% loss of Raman intensity after three cycles). More importantly, the as-prepared chip can be used for accurate and reliable determination of unknown Pb(2+) ions in real systems including lake water, tap water and industrial wastewater, with the {RSD} value less than 12\%.},
	pages = {3723--9},
	number = {7},
	journaltitle = {Anal Chem},
	shortjournal = {Analytical chemistry},
	author = {Shi, Y. and Wang, H. and Jiang, X. and Sun, B. and Song, B. and Su, Y. and He, Y.},
	date = {2016-04-05},
	file = {apt-4:C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\DHBXAPJU\\apt-4.pdf:application/pdf}
}

@article{tang_advances_2016,
	title = {Advances in Sample Extraction},
	volume = {88},
	issn = {1520-6882 (Electronic) 0003-2700 (Linking)},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26616153},
	doi = {10.1021/acs.analchem.5b04040},
	shorttitle = {Advances in Sample Extraction},
	pages = {228--49},
	number = {1},
	journaltitle = {Anal Chem},
	shortjournal = {Analytical chemistry},
	author = {Tang, S. and Zhang, H. and Lee, H. K.},
	date = {2016-01-05},
	file = {acs%2Eanalchem%2E5b04040:C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\V45XX5E5\\acs%2Eanalchem%2E5b04040.pdf:application/pdf}
}

@article{vrana_calibration_2016,
	title = {Calibration of a passive sampler based on stir bar sorptive extraction for the monitoring of hydrophobic organic pollutants in water},
	volume = {152},
	issn = {1873-3573 (Electronic) 0039-9140 (Linking)},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26992498},
	doi = {10.1016/j.talanta.2016.01.040},
	shorttitle = {Calibration of a passive sampler based on stir bar sorptive extraction for the monitoring of hydrophobic organic pollutants in water},
	abstract = {A passive sampler based on stir bars coated with polydimethylsiloxane ({PDMS}) was calibrated for the measurement of time-weighted average concentrations of hydrophobic micropollutants, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides, in water. Stir bar/water partition coefficients were measured by equilibrating bars with sheets made of silicone rubber material for which partition coefficients had been reported previously. Kinetic parameters characterising the exchange of analytes between stir bars and water were determined under controlled exposure conditions using a passive dosing system. The dosing system consisted of silicone rubber sheets with a large surface area, spiked with analytes. During stir bar sampler exposure, analytes partitioned from dosing sheets to water in the exposure tank and maintained constant exposure concentrations. Reversible and isotropic exchange kinetics of analytes between sampler and water was confirmed by measuring the release of a range of performance reference compounds ({PRCs}) from stir bars. Application of a two-resistance model confirmed that, except for hexachlorocyclohexane isomers, uptake of the test compounds under the experimental conditions was controlled by diffusion in the water boundary layer. This permits the application of {PRCs} for in situ calibration of uptake kinetics of test compounds to stir bars.},
	pages = {90--7},
	journaltitle = {Talanta},
	shortjournal = {Talanta},
	author = {Vrana, B. and Komancova, L. and Sobotka, J.},
	date = {2016-05-15},
	file = {1-s2.0-S0039914016300406-main:C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\SBG2HZWW\\1-s2.0-S0039914016300406-main.pdf:application/pdf}
}

@article{zhang_understanding_2016,
	title = {Understanding and controlling airborne organic compounds in the indoor environment: mass transfer analysis and applications},
	volume = {26},
	issn = {1600-0668 (Electronic) 0905-6947 (Linking)},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25740682},
	doi = {10.1111/ina.12198},
	shorttitle = {Understanding and controlling airborne organic compounds in the indoor environment: mass transfer analysis and applications},
	abstract = {Mass transfer is key to understanding and controlling indoor airborne organic chemical contaminants (e.g., {VVOCs}, {VOCs}, and {SVOCs}). In this study, we first introduce the fundamentals of mass transfer and then present a series of representative works from the past two decades, focusing on the most recent years. These works cover: (i) predicting and controlling emissions from indoor sources, (ii) determining concentrations of indoor air pollutants, (iii) estimating dermal exposure for some indoor gas-phase {SVOCs}, and (iv) optimizing air-purifying approaches. The mass transfer analysis spans the micro-, meso-, and macroscales and includes normal mass transfer modeling, inverse problem solving, and dimensionless analysis. These representative works have reported some novel approaches to mass transfer. Additionally, new dimensionless parameters such as the Little number and the normalized volume of clean air being completely cleaned in a given time period were proposed to better describe the general process characteristics in emissions and control of airborne organic compounds in the indoor environment. Finally, important problems that need further study are presented, reflecting the authors' perspective on the research opportunities in this area.},
	pages = {39--60},
	number = {1},
	journaltitle = {Indoor Air},
	shortjournal = {Indoor air},
	author = {Zhang, Y. and Xiong, J. and Mo, J. and Gong, M. and Cao, J.},
	date = {2016-02},
	file = {Zhang_et_al-2016-Indoor_Air:C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\6BS2DAIK\\Zhang_et_al-2016-Indoor_Air.pdf:application/pdf}
}

@article{wang_novel_2016,
	title = {A novel aptamer–quantum dot fluorescence probe for specific detection of antibiotic residues in milk},
	volume = {8},
	doi = {10.1039/C6AY00412A},
	shorttitle = {A novel aptamer–quantum dot fluorescence probe for specific detection of antibiotic residues in milk},
	pages = {3006--3013},
	journaltitle = {Anal. Methods},
	author = {Wang, Y and Gan, N and Li, T and Cao, Y and Hua, F and Chenb, Y},
	date = {2016},
	file = {apt-5:C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\VSQ6ENHM\\apt-5.pdf:application/pdf}
}

@article{wu_dgt_2016,
	title = {{DGT} induced fluxes in sediments model for the simulation of phosphorus process and the assessment of phosphorus release risk},
	volume = {23},
	issn = {1614-7499 (Electronic) 0944-1344 (Linking)},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27068919},
	doi = {10.1007/s11356-016-6651-z},
	shorttitle = {{DGT} induced fluxes in sediments model for the simulation of phosphorus process and the assessment of phosphorus release risk},
	abstract = {Diffusive gradients in thin films ({DGT})-induced flux in sediments ({DIFS}) ({DGT}-{DIFS}) model for phosphorus (P) has been investigated to provide a numerical simulation of a dynamic system of the {DGT}-pore water-sediment in Dianchi Lake (China). Kinetic parameter-T C (33-56,060 s), distribution coefficient-K d (134.7-1536 cm(3)g(-1)), and resupply parameter-R (0.189-0.743) are derived by {DGT} measurement, the sediment/pore water test, and the {DIFS} model. The changes of dissolved concentration in {DGT} diffusive layer and pore water and sorbed concentration in sediment, as well as the ratio of C {DGT} and the initial concentration in pore water (R) and mass accumulated by {DGT} resin (M) at the {DGT}-pore water-sediment interface (distance) of nine sampling sites during {DGT} deployment time (t) are derived through the {DIFS} simulation. Based on parameter and curves derived by the {DIFS} model, the P release-transfer character and mechanism in sediment microzone were revealed. Moreover, the {DGT}-{DIFS} parameters (R, T C , K -1 , C {DGT} ), sediment P pool, sediment properties (Al and Ca), and soluble reactive P ({SRP}) in overlying water can be used to assess "P eutrophication level" at different sampling sites with different types of "external P loading." The {DGT}-{DIFS} model is a reliable tool to reveal the dynamic P release in sediment microzone and assess "internal P loading" in the plateau lake Dianchi.},
	pages = {14608--20},
	number = {14},
	journaltitle = {Environ Sci Pollut Res Int},
	shortjournal = {Environmental science and pollution research international},
	author = {Wu, Z. and Wang, S. and Zhang, L. and Jiao, L.},
	date = {2016-07},
	file = {art%3A10.1007%2Fs11356-016-6651-z:C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\TBXEVQTZ\\art%3A10.1007%2Fs11356-016-6651-z.pdf:application/pdf}
}

@article{noauthor_matrix_1998,
	title = {The matrix effects on kinetic rate constants of antibody–antigen interactions reflect solvent viscosity},
	volume = {217},
	shorttitle = {The matrix effects on kinetic rate constants of antibody–antigen interactions reflect solvent viscosity},
	pages = {51--60},
	journaltitle = {Journal of Immunological Methods},
	date = {1998},
	file = {1-s2.0-S0022175998000921-main:C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\MG2HCHQX\\1-s2.0-S0022175998000921-main.pdf:application/pdf}
}

@article{vuckovic_vivo_2011,
	title = {In vivo solid-phase microextraction for single rodent pharmacokinetics studies of carbamazepine and carbamazepine-10,11-epoxide in mice},
	volume = {1218},
	issn = {00219673},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0021967310009969},
	doi = {10.1016/j.chroma.2010.07.060},
	pages = {3367--3375},
	number = {21},
	journaltitle = {Journal of Chromatography A},
	author = {Vuckovic, Dajana and de Lannoy, Inés and Gien, Brad and Yang, Yingbo and Musteata, Florin Marcel and Shirey, Robert and Sidisky, Leonard and Pawliszyn, Janusz},
	urldate = {2016-11-20},
	date = {2011-05},
	langid = {english},
	file = {1-s2.0-S0021967310009969-main.pdf:C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\RVCX7VH2\\1-s2.0-S0021967310009969-main.pdf:application/pdf}
}

@article{yeung_comparison_2010,
	title = {Comparison and validation of calibration methods for in vivo {SPME} determinations using an artificial vein system},
	volume = {665},
	issn = {0003-2670},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0003267010002850},
	doi = {10.1016/j.aca.2010.03.002},
	abstract = {The success of in vivo solid phase microextraction ({SPME}) depends significantly on the selection of calibration method. Three kinetic in vivo {SPME} calibration methods are evaluated in this paper: (1) on-fibre standardization ({OFS}), (2) dominant pre-equilibrium desorption ({DPED}), and (3) the diffusion-based interface ({DBI}) model. These are compared in terms of precision, accuracy, and ease of experimental use by employing a flow device simulating an animal circulatory system. In addition, the kinetic calibration methods were validated against established {SPME} equilibrium extraction ({EE}) external calibration and a conventional sample preparation method involving protein precipitation. The comparison was performed using a hydrophilic drug fenoterol as the analyte of interest. Liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry ({LC}–{MS}/{MS}) was used for the determinations. All three kinetic methods compared well with both {EE} extraction and the conventional method in terms of accuracy (93–119\%). In terms of precision, the {DBI} model had the best precision in whole blood and buffered phosphate saline solution with \%{RSD} similar to the standard techniques (9–15\%). {DPED} had the poorest precision of \%{RSD} (20–30\%) possibly due to errors associated with uncertainty in the amount of standard loaded on-fibre and remaining on the fibre after desorption. In addition, incurred errors could result due to the greater number of fibres used in comparison to the other two calibration methods. The precision of the {OFS} procedure was better than for {DPED} primarily because the use of multiple fibres is eliminated. In terms of the ease of use for calibration, the {DBI} model was the simplest and most convenient as it did not require standards once it had been calibrated or the uptake constant was calculated. This research suggests the potential use of {DBI} model as the best kinetic calibration method for future in-vein blood {SPME} investigations.},
	pages = {160--166},
	number = {2},
	journaltitle = {Analytica Chimica Acta},
	shortjournal = {Analytica Chimica Acta},
	author = {Yeung, Joanne Chung Yan and Vuckovic, Dajana and Pawliszyn, Janusz},
	urldate = {2016-11-20},
	date = {2010-04-30},
	keywords = {{SPME}, Diffusion-based calibration, Dominant pre-equilibrium desorption, Equilibrium {SPME}, In vivo {SPME}, On-fibre standardization, Protein precipitation},
	file = {ScienceDirect Snapshot:C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\3XH63V4E\\S0003267010002850.html:text/html;ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\U54HJ6S9\\Yeung et al. - 2010 - Comparison and validation of calibration methods f.pdf:application/pdf}
}

@article{zhang_kinetically-calibrated_2011,
	title = {Kinetically-Calibrated Solid-Phase Microextraction Using Label-Free Standards and Its Application for Pharmaceutical Analysis},
	volume = {83},
	issn = {0003-2700},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac200032k},
	doi = {10.1021/ac200032k},
	abstract = {Pre-equilibrium solid-phase microextraction ({PE}-{SPME}) has attracted considerable research attention due to shorter sampling times and better temporal resolution than afforded by equilibrium {SPME} (E-{SPME}). However, the calibration of {PE}-{SPME} is often time-consuming and requires deuterated calibrants, which if available, are often expensive. To address these challenges, we propose a simple but versatile kinetic calibration method, in which nonisotopic (label-free) compounds of interest can supplant the use of deuterated analogues, and the need to determine partitioning coefficients inherent to earlier procedures has been eliminated. Using this approach, both free and total concentrations of analytes can be simultaneously measured within complex sample systems with high accuracy and precision. This calibration method was validated against established E-{SPME} and solid-phase extraction techniques through the measurement of selected pharmaceuticals in progressively complex matrixes including inorganic buffers, fish blood, and municipal wastewater effluents. This calibration approach may significantly improve time and cost-effectiveness, while improving the application of the {SPME} approach within highly dynamic systems.},
	pages = {2371--2377},
	number = {6},
	journaltitle = {Analytical Chemistry},
	shortjournal = {Anal. Chem.},
	author = {Zhang, Xu and Oakes, Ken D. and Luong, Di and Metcalfe, Chris D. and Pawliszyn, Janusz and Servos, Mark R.},
	urldate = {2016-11-20},
	date = {2011-03-15},
	file = {Calibrant loaded.pdf:C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\ZT6S6E8D\\Calibrant loaded.pdf:application/pdf;ACS Full Text Snapshot:C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\IR59GT38\\ac200032k.html:text/html;ACS Full Text PDF w/ Links:C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\T4UXNJSG\\Zhang et al. - 2011 - Kinetically-Calibrated Solid-Phase Microextraction.pdf:application/pdf}
}

@article{zhang_solid-phase_2016-1,
	title = {Solid-phase microextraction technology for in vitro and in vivo metabolite analysis},
	volume = {80},
	issn = {0165-9936},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165993615302107},
	doi = {10.1016/j.trac.2016.02.017},
	abstract = {Analysis of endogenous metabolites in biological samples may lead to the identification of biomarkers in metabolomics studies. To achieve accurate sample analysis, a combined method of continuous quick sampling and extraction is required for online compound detection. Solid-phase microextraction ({SPME}) integrates sampling, extraction and concentration into a single solvent-free step for chemical analysis. {SPME} has a number of advantages, including simplicity, high sensitivity and a relatively non-invasive nature. In this article, we reviewed {SPME} technology in in vitro and in vivo analyses of metabolites after the ingestion of herbal medicines, foods and pharmaceutical agents. The metabolites of microorganisms in dietary supplements and in the gastrointestinal tract will also be examined. As a promising technology in biomedical and pharmaceutical research, {SPME} and its future applications will depend on advances in analytical technologies and material science.},
	pages = {57--65},
	journaltitle = {{TrAC} Trends in Analytical Chemistry},
	shortjournal = {{TrAC} Trends in Analytical Chemistry},
	author = {Zhang, Qi-Hui and Zhou, Lian-Di and Chen, Hua and Wang, Chong-Zhi and Xia, Zhi-Ning and Yuan, Chun-Su},
	urldate = {2016-11-20},
	date = {2016-06},
	keywords = {Solid-phase microextraction, Endogenous metabolite, Medical diagnosis, Metabolomics, Microorganisms, Pharmaceuticals},
	file = {ScienceDirect Snapshot:C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\9UHGK96M\\S0165993615302107.html:text/html;ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\UMQUPUQ9\\Zhang et al. - 2016 - Solid-phase microextraction technology for in vitr.pdf:application/pdf}
}

@online{noauthor_vivo_nodate,
	title = {In vivo solid-phase microextraction for single rodent pharmacokinetics studies of carbamazepine and carbamazepine-10,11-epoxide in mice},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com.proxy.lib.uwaterloo.ca/science/article/pii/S0021967310009969},
	urldate = {2016-11-20},
	file = {In vivo solid-phase microextraction for single rodent pharmacokinetics studies of carbamazepine and carbamazepine-10,11-epoxide in mice:C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\25ZN74WZ\\S0021967310009969.html:text/html}
}

@article{bai_vivo_2013,
	title = {In Vivo Solid-Phase Microextraction with in Vitro Calibration: Determination of Off-Flavor Components in Live Fish},
	volume = {85},
	issn = {0003-2700},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac3033245},
	doi = {10.1021/ac3033245},
	shorttitle = {In Vivo Solid-Phase Microextraction with in Vitro Calibration},
	abstract = {The presence of off-flavor compounds in fish represents a significant economic problem encountered in aquaculture production. The off-flavor compounds are due to the absorption of substances produced by a range of microorganisms. Currently, a number of strategies have been used to prevent or limit the growth of these microorganisms. Therefore, it is important to evaluate the effectiveness of strategies via monitoring the concentrations of off-flavor compounds in the recirculating aquaculture system. In vivo solid-phase microextraction ({SPME}), a rapid and simple sample preparation method, will allow monitoring the concentration of off-flavor compounds in live fish. In this research, geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol (2-{MIB}) produced by cyanobacteria and actinomycetes, which are the major sources for “earthy” and “muddy” flavors in fish, were selected as representatives. In order to accurately quantify these compounds in fish muscle, two kinetic calibration methods, on-fiber standardization and measurement using predetermined sampling rate, were used as quantification methods, which were both validated by traditional methods. The detection limit of in vivo {SPME} in fish muscle was 0.12 ng/g for geosmin and 0.21 ng/g for 2-{MIB}, which are both below the human sensory thresholds.},
	pages = {2328--2332},
	number = {4},
	journaltitle = {Analytical Chemistry},
	shortjournal = {Anal. Chem.},
	author = {Bai, Ziwei and Pilote, Alexandre and Sarker, Pallab Kumer and Vandenberg, Grant and Pawliszyn, Janusz},
	urldate = {2016-11-20},
	date = {2013-02-19},
	file = {ACS Full Text Snapshot:C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\ZDBZP96U\\ac3033245.html:text/html;ACS Full Text PDF w/ Links:C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\PERWZR5G\\Bai et al. - 2013 - In Vivo Solid-Phase Microextraction with in Vitro .pdf:application/pdf}
}

@online{noauthor_time-weighted_nodate,
	title = {Time-Weighted Average Sampling of Airborne Propylene Glycol Ethers by a Solid-Phase Microextraction Device: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene: Vol 9, No 7},
	url = {http://www.tandfonline.com.proxy.lib.uwaterloo.ca/doi/abs/10.1080/15459624.2012.685851},
	urldate = {2016-11-19},
	file = {Time-Weighted Average Sampling of Airborne Propylene Glycol Ethers by a Solid-Phase Microextraction Device\: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene\: Vol 9, No 7:C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\EHP74AIP\\15459624.2012.html:text/html}
}

@online{noauthor_pii:_nodate,
	title = {{PII}: S0021-9673(00)00295-8 - 1-s2.0-S0021967300002958-main.pdf},
	url = {http://ac.els-cdn.com.proxy.lib.uwaterloo.ca/S0021967300002958/1-s2.0-S0021967300002958-main.pdf?_tid=3e0b8dac-ae77-11e6-913e-00000aab0f6b&acdnat=1479573964_82f028ec68e2cd8d70e225e67cd356f6},
	urldate = {2016-11-19},
	file = {PII\: S0021-9673(00)00295-8 - 1-s2.0-S0021967300002958-main.pdf:C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\EHUZWSRW\\1-s2.0-S0021967300002958-main.html:text/html}
}

@online{noauthor_time-weighted_nodate-1,
	title = {Time-weighted average sampling of volatile and semi-volatile airborne organic compounds by the solid-phase microextraction device},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com.proxy.lib.uwaterloo.ca/science/article/pii/S0021967300002958},
	urldate = {2016-11-19},
	file = {Time-weighted average sampling of volatile and semi-volatile airborne organic compounds by the solid-phase microextraction device:C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\I62PBAUK\\S0021967300002958.html:text/html}
}

@online{noauthor_zotero_nodate,
	title = {Zotero {\textbar} Start},
	url = {https://www.zotero.org/start},
	urldate = {2016-11-19},
	file = {Zotero | Start:C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\PC6EHPMP\\start.html:text/html}
}

@online{center_for_history_and_new_media_zotero_nodate,
	title = {Zotero Quick Start Guide},
	url = {http://zotero.org/support/quick_start_guide},
	author = {{Center for History and New Media}}
}

@article{harman_letter_2014,
	title = {Letter to the editor concerning the viewpoint; "recognizing the limitations of Performance Reference Compound ({PRC})-calibration technique in passive water sampling"},
	volume = {48},
	issn = {1520-5851 (Electronic) 0013-936X (Linking)},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24313593},
	doi = {10.1021/es405153c},
	shorttitle = {Letter to the editor concerning the viewpoint; "recognizing the limitations of Performance Reference Compound ({PRC})-calibration technique in passive water sampling"},
	pages = {3},
	number = {1},
	journaltitle = {Environ Sci Technol},
	shortjournal = {Environmental science \& technology},
	author = {Harman, C. and Booij, K.},
	date = {2014},
	keywords = {Water Pollutants, Chemical/*analysis, Environmental Monitoring/*standards},
	file = {Harman et al-2013-Recognizing the limitations of PRC technique:C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\SJHNTACF\\Harman et al-2013-Recognizing the limitations of PRC technique.pdf:application/pdf}
}

@article{illamola_determination_2014,
	title = {Determination of total and unbound concentrations of lopinavir in plasma using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and ultrafiltration methods},
	volume = {965},
	issn = {1873-376X (Electronic) 1570-0232 (Linking)},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25049210},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jchromb.2014.06.034},
	shorttitle = {Determination of total and unbound concentrations of lopinavir in plasma using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and ultrafiltration methods},
	abstract = {Lopinavir is an {HIV} protease inhibitor with high protein binding (98-99\%) in human plasma. This study was designed to develop an ultrafiltration method to measure the unbound concentrations of lopinavir overcoming the non-specific binding issue. A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry ({LC}-{MS}/{MS}) method for the determination of total concentrations of lopinavir in plasma was developed and validated, and an adaptation was also optimized and validated for the determination of unbound concentrations. The chromatographic separation was performed with a C18 column (100 mm x 2.1mm i.d., 5 mum particle size) using a mobile phase containing deionized water with formic acid, and acetonitrile, with gradient elution at a flow-rate of 350 {muL} min(-1). Identification of the compounds was performed by multiple reaction monitoring, using electrospray ionization in positive ion mode. The method was validated over a clinical range of 0.01-1 mug/{mL} for human plasma ultrafiltrate and 0.1-15 mug/{mL} in human plasma. The inter and intra-assay accuracies and precisions were between 0.23\% and 11.37\% for total lopinavir concentrations, and between 3.50\% and 13.30\% for plasma ultrafiltrate (unbound concentration). The ultrafiltration method described allows an accurate separation of the unbound fraction of lopinavir, circumscribing the loss of drug by nonspecific binding ({NSB}), and the validated {LC}-{MS}/{MS} methodology proposed is suitable for the determination of total and unbound concentrations of lopinavir in clinical practice.},
	pages = {216--23},
	journaltitle = {J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci},
	shortjournal = {Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences},
	author = {Illamola, S. M. and Labat, L. and Benaboud, S. and Tubiana, R. and Warszawski, J. and Treluyer, J. M. and Hirt, D.},
	date = {2014-08-15},
	keywords = {Humans, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/*methods, Female, Reproducibility of Results, Sensitivity and Specificity, Clinical Trials, Phase {II} as Topic, Clinical Trials, Phase {III} as Topic, {HIV} Infections/prevention \& control/transmission, Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical/prevention \& control, Lopinavir/*blood/chemistry/isolation \& purification, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/blood/drug therapy/virology, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Tandem Mass Spectrometry/*methods, Ultrafiltration/*methods},
	file = {Illamola-unbound and bound conc:C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\KZVBFTFT\\Illamola-unbound and bound conc.pdf:application/pdf}
}

@article{kaserzon_passive_2014,
	title = {Passive sampling of perfluorinated chemicals in water: in-situ calibration},
	volume = {186},
	issn = {1873-6424 (Electronic) 0269-7491 (Linking)},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24368313},
	doi = {10.1016/j.envpol.2013.11.030},
	shorttitle = {Passive sampling of perfluorinated chemicals in water: in-situ calibration},
	abstract = {Perfluorinated chemicals ({PFCs}) have been recognised as environmental pollutants that require monitoring. A modified polar organic chemical integrative sampler ({POCIS}) is able to quantify aqueous {PFCs}. However, with varying external water velocity, {PFC} sampling rates (Rs) may change, affecting accuracy of derived water concentrations. To facilitate field deployment of this sampler, two methods of in-situ calibration were investigated: performance reference compounds ({PRCs}) and passive flow monitors ({PFMs}). Increased Rs's (by factors of 1.2-1.9) with {PFM} loss rate (g d(-1)) were observed for some {PFCs}. Results indicate {PFMs} can be used to correct {PFC} specific Rs's for more reliable estimates of environmental concentrations with a precision of about 0.01 L d(-1). Empirical models presented provide an improved means for aquatic monitoring of {PFCs}. The {PRC} approach was unsuccessful, confirming concern as to its applicability with such samplers.},
	pages = {98--103},
	journaltitle = {Environ Pollut},
	shortjournal = {Environmental pollution},
	author = {Kaserzon, S. L. and Hawker, D. W. and Booij, K. and O'Brien, D. S. and Kennedy, K. and Vermeirssen, E. L. and Mueller, J. F.},
	date = {2014-03},
	keywords = {Calibration, Environmental Monitoring/*methods, Water Pollutants, Chemical/*analysis, *Models, Chemical, Fluorocarbons/*analysis},
	file = {1-s2.0-S0269749113006192-main:C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\KSTFC7WW\\1-s2.0-S0269749113006192-main.pdf:application/pdf}
}

@article{lenzi_reaction_2014,
	title = {Reaction on a solid surface supplied by an anomalous mass transfer source},
	volume = {410},
	issn = {03784371},
	doi = {10.1016/j.physa.2014.05.055},
	shorttitle = {Reaction on a solid surface supplied by an anomalous mass transfer source},
	pages = {399--406},
	journaltitle = {Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications},
	author = {Lenzi, E. K. and Lenzi, M. K. and Zola, R. S. and Ribeiro, H. V. and Zola, F. C. and Evangelista, L. R. and Gonçalves, G.},
	date = {2014},
	file = {1-s2.0-S0378437114004361-main:C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\RZJCGH9G\\1-s2.0-S0378437114004361-main.pdf:application/pdf}
}

@article{hadjitheodorou_analytical_2014,
	title = {Analytical and numerical study of diffusion-controlled drug release from composite spherical matrices},
	volume = {42},
	issn = {1873-0191 (Electronic) 0928-4931 (Linking)},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25063169},
	doi = {10.1016/j.msec.2014.06.009},
	shorttitle = {Analytical and numerical study of diffusion-controlled drug release from composite spherical matrices},
	abstract = {We investigate, both analytically and numerically, diffusion-controlled drug release from composite spherical formulations consisting of an inner core and an outer shell of different drug diffusion coefficients. Theoretically derived analytical results are based on the exact solution of Fick's second law of diffusion for a composite sphere, while numerical data are obtained using Monte Carlo simulations. In both cases, and for the range of matrix parameter values considered in this work, fractional drug release profiles are described accurately by a stretched exponential function. The release kinetics obtained is quantified through a detailed investigation of the dependence of the two stretched exponential release parameters on the device characteristics, namely the geometrical radii of the inner core and outer shell and the corresponding drug diffusion coefficients. Similar behaviors are revealed by both the theoretical results and the numerical simulations, and approximate analytical expressions are presented for the dependencies.},
	pages = {681--90},
	journaltitle = {Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl},
	shortjournal = {Materials science \& engineering. C, Materials for biological applications},
	author = {Hadjitheodorou, A. and Kalosakas, G.},
	date = {2014-09},
	keywords = {Kinetics, Diffusion, Models, Theoretical, *Algorithms, *Drug Liberation, Chemistry, Pharmaceutical/*methods, Delayed-Action Preparations/*chemistry/*pharmacokinetics, Monte Carlo Method},
	file = {1-s2.0-S0928493114003713-main:C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\ZK5N2NMD\\1-s2.0-S0928493114003713-main.pdf:application/pdf}
}

@article{ibarra_mathematical_2014,
	title = {Mathematical modeling of drug delivery from cylindrical implantable devices},
	volume = {37},
	issn = {01704214},
	doi = {10.1002/mma.3007},
	shorttitle = {Mathematical modeling of drug delivery from cylindrical implantable devices},
	pages = {2677--2688},
	number = {17},
	journaltitle = {Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences},
	author = {Ibarra, Juan C. D. and Helbling, Ignacio M. and Luna, Julio A.},
	date = {2014},
	file = {Ibarra_et_al-2014-Mathematical_Methods_in_the_Applied_Sciences:C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\ZPUJD38G\\Ibarra_et_al-2014-Mathematical_Methods_in_the_Applied_Sciences.pdf:application/pdf}
}

@article{jacquet_comparison_2014,
	title = {Comparison of five integrative samplers in laboratory for the monitoring of indicator and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls in water},
	volume = {98},
	issn = {1879-1298 (Electronic) 0045-6535 (Linking)},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24200044},
	doi = {10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.09.011},
	shorttitle = {Comparison of five integrative samplers in laboratory for the monitoring of indicator and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls in water},
	abstract = {This study aimed at evaluating and comparing five integrative samplers for the monitoring of indicator and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls ({PCBs}) in water: semi-permeable membrane device ({SPMD}), silicone rubber, low-density polyethylene ({LDPE}) strip, Chemcatcher and a continuous-flow integrative sampler ({CFIS}). These samplers were spiked with performance reference compounds ({PRCs}) and then simultaneously exposed under constant agitation and temperature in a 200 L stainless steel tank for periods ranging from one day to three months. A constant {PCB} concentration of about 1 ng.L(-1) was achieved by immersing a large amount of silicone rubber sheets ("dosing sheets") spiked with the target {PCBs}. The uptake of {PCBs} in the five samplers showed overall good repeatability and their accumulation was linear with time. The samplers {SPMD}, silicone rubber and {LDPE} strip were the most promising in terms of achieving low limits of quantification. Time-weighted average ({TWA}) concentrations of {PCBs} in water were estimated from uptake of {PCBs} using the sampling rates calculated from the release of {PRCs}. Except for Chemcatcher, a good agreement was found between the different samplers and {TWA} concentrations ranged between 0.4 and 2.8 times the nominal water concentration. Finally, the influence of calculation methods (sampler-water partition coefficients, selected {PRCs}, models) on final {TWA} concentrations was studied.},
	pages = {18--27},
	journaltitle = {Chemosphere},
	shortjournal = {Chemosphere},
	author = {Jacquet, R. and Miege, C. and Smedes, F. and Tixier, C. and Tronczynski, J. and Togola, A. and Berho, C. and Valor, I. and Llorca, J. and Barillon, B. and Marchand, P. and Coquery, M.},
	date = {2014-03},
	keywords = {Temperature, Water Pollutants, Chemical/*analysis, Polychlorinated Biphenyls/*analysis, Environmental Monitoring/*instrumentation/methods, Dioxins/*analysis, Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin, Water/chemistry},
	file = {Jacquet et al_2014_Comparision of five integrative samplers in laboratory for the monitoring of indicator and dioxin like PCBs in water:C\:\\Users\\nazmula\\Zotero\\storage\\FFHCCCIH\\Jacquet et al_2014_Comparision of five integrative samplers in laboratory for the monitoring of indicator and dioxin like PCBs in water.pdf:application/pdf}
}

@article{liang_time_2014,
	title = {Time scales of diffusive re-equilibration in bi-mineralic systems with and without a fluid or melt phase},
	volume = {132},
	issn = {00167037},
	doi = {10.1016/j.gca.2014.02.008},
	shorttitle = {Time scales of diffusive re-equilibration in bi-mineralic systems with and without a fluid or melt phase},
	pages = {274--287},
	journaltitle = {Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta},
	author = {Liang, Yan},
	date = {20

license: MIT

license_type: permissive

branch_name: refs/heads/master