text:
of cases and controls in which a candidate association was found. The average of association statistics across the markers directly measures stratification. By dividing the candidate association statistic by this average, a P-value can be obtained that corrects for stratification.},
affiliation = {Whitehead Institute/MIT Center for Genome Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA. reich@genome.wi.mit.edu},
number = {1},
pages = {4--16},
volume = {20},
year = {2001},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Ethnic Groups, Selection Bias, Polymorphism: Single Nucleotide, Models: Genetic, Case-Control Studies, Chromosome Mapping, Gene Frequency, Humans, Linkage Disequilibrium},
date-added = {2010-01-15 20:59:34 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-15 20:59:34 +0100},
doi = {10.1002/1098-2272(200101)20:1<4::AID-GEPI2>3.0.CO;2-T},
pii = {10.1002/1098-2272(200101)20:1<4::AID-GEPI2>3.0.CO;2-T},
pmid = {11119293},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Reich-2001-Genet%20Epidemiol_Detecting%20associatio.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p3546},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Aleman:2008p8883,
author = {Andr{\'e} Aleman and Marte Swart and Sophie van Rijn},
journal = {Biol Psychol},
title = {Brain imaging, genetics and emotion},
abstract = {This paper reviews the published evidence on genetically driven variation in neurotransmitter function and brain circuits involved in emotion. Several studies point to a role of the serotonin transporter promoter polymorphism in amygdala activation during emotion perception. We also discuss other polymorphisms (e.g. the COMT val158met polymorphism, tryptophan hydroxylase-2 -703 G/T) and putative effects on affective processing in cortical and limbic regions. A different line of research concerns studies with genetic disorders. Although at a less fine-grained level, studies with individuals with aneuploidies of the X chromosome (Turner syndrome and Klinefelter syndrome), who display impairments in emotion processing, have resulted in new insights and hypotheses with regard to X chromosomal influences on brain systems supporting cognition and emotion. These have also implicated a key role for the amygdala. Integration of the emerging evidence, suggests that the study of polymorphisms using brain imaging can potentially elucidate biological pathways and mechanisms contributing to individual differences in brain circuits that may bias behavior and affect risk for psychiatric illness.},
affiliation = {BCN Neuroimaging Center, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands. a.aleman@med.umcg.nl},
number = {1},
pages = {58--69},
volume = {79},
year = {2008},
month = {Sep},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Emotions, Brain, Molecular Biology, Genetic Variation, Brain Chemistry, Animals, Neurotransmitter Agents, Humans, Polymorphism: Genetic},
date-added = {2010-03-22 12:49:50 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-03-22 12:49:50 +0100},
doi = {10.1016/j.biopsycho.2008.01.009},
pii = {S0301-0511(08)00028-8},
pmid = {18329779},
URL = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6T4T-4RRFNGC-4&_user=2432700&_coverDate=09%252F30%252F2008&_rdoc=1&_fmt=high&_orig=search&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_acct=C000057263&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=2432700&md5=5342bce22b63df34a2ae66c8e4595667},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Aleman-2008-Biol%20Psychol_Brain%20imaging%20genet.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p8883},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Basker:2007p14003,
author = {Mona Basker and Prabhakar D Moses and Sushila Russell and Paul Swamidhas Sudhakar Russell},
journal = {Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health},
title = {The psychometric properties of Beck Depression Inventory for adolescent depression in a primary-care paediatric setting in India},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: There is increasing interest in identifying adolescents with depression in primary care settings by paediatricians in India. This article studied the diagnostic accuracy, reliability and validity of Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) while used by paediatricians in a primary care setting in India. METHODS: 181 adolescents attending 3 schools were administered a back translated Tamil version of BDI by a paediatrician to evaluate its psychometric properties along with Children's Depression Rating Scale (CDRS-R) for convergent validity. Clinical diagnosis of depressive disorders, for reference standard, was based on ICD-10 interview by an independent psychiatrist who also administered the Impact of Event Scale (IES) for divergent validity. Appropriate analyses for validity and diagnostic accuracy both at the item and scale levels were conducted. RESULTS: A cut-off score of >or= 5 (Sn = 90.9%, Sp = 17.6 %) for screening and cut-off score of >or= 22 (Sn = 27.3%, Sp = 90%) for diagnostic utility is suggested. The 4 week test - retest reliability was good (r = 0.82). In addition to the adequate face and content validity, BDI has very good internal consistency (alpha = 0.96), high convergent validity with CDRS-R (r = 0.72; P = 0.001), and high discriminant validity with IES (r = 0.26; P = 0.23). There was a moderate concordance rate with the reference standard (54.5%) in identifying depression among the adolescents. Factor analysis replicated the 2-factor structure explaining 30.5 % of variance. CONCLUSION: The BDI proved to be a psychometrically sound measure for use by paediatricians in a primary care setting in India. The possibility of screening for depressive disorders through the use of BDI may be helpful in identifying probable cases of the disorder among adolescents.},
affiliation = {Department of Child Health, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India. mona_thilak@cmcvellore.ac.in},
number = {1},
pages = {8},
volume = {1},
year = {2007},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
date-added = {2010-08-04 09:28:21 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-08-04 09:28:21 +0200},
doi = {10.1186/1753-2000-1-8},
pii = {1753-2000-1-8},
pmid = {17688697},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Basker-2007-Child%20Adolesc%20Psychiatry%20Ment%20Health_The%20psychometric%20pro.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p14003},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Stevanovic:2009p7980,
author = {Dejan Stevanovic},
journal = {Health Qual Life Outcomes},
title = {Serbian KINDL questionnaire for quality of life assessments in healthy children and adolescents: reproducibility and construct validity},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: The KINDL questionnaire is frequently used to evaluate quality of life (QOL) and the impacts of health conditions on children's everyday living. The objectives of this study were to assess the reproducibility and construct validity of the Serbian KINDL for QOL assessments in healthy children and adolescents. METHODS: Five hundred and sixty-four healthy children and adolescents completed the KINDL. Reproducibility was analyzed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed to assess the structure of the KINDL construct validity. RESULTS: The intraclass correlation coefficients ranged from 0.03 to 0.84 for the subscales and total score. A second order CFA model as originally hypothesized was tested: items (24), primary factors (six subscales), and one secondary factor (QOL). The fit indexes derived from a CFA failed to yield appropriate fit between the data and the hypothesized model. CONCLUSION: Majority of the subscales and total KINDL possess appropriate reproducibility for group comparisons. However, a CFA failed to confirm the structure of the original measurement model, indicating that the Serbian version should be revised before wider use for QOL assessments in healthy children and adolescent.},
affiliation = {Department of Psychiatry, General Hospital Sombor, Sombor, Serbia. dejanstevanovic@eunet.rs},
pages = {79},
volume = {7},
year = {2009},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Male, Quality of Life, Female, Humans, Child, Adolescent, Factor Analysis: Statistical, Questionnaires, Serbia},
date-added = {2010-03-20 19:33:08 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-03-20 19:33:09 +0100},
doi = {10.1186/1477-7525-7-79},
pii = {1477-7525-7-79},
pmid = {19715576},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Stevanovic-2009-Health%20and%20Quality%20of%20Life%20Outcomes_Serbian%20KINDL%20questi.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p7980},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Petrov:2005p14179,
author = {Alexander A Petrov and John R Anderson},
journal = {Psychological Review},
title = {The dynamics of scaling: a memory-based anchor model of category rating and absolute identification},
abstract = {A memory-based scaling model--ANCHOR--is proposed and tested. The perceived magnitude of the target stimulus is compared with a set of anchors in memory. Anchor selection is probabilistic and sensitive to similarity, base-level strength, and recency. The winning anchor provides a reference point near the target and thereby converts the global scaling problem into a local comparison. An explicit correction strategy determines the final response. Two incremental learning mechanisms update the locations and base-level activations of the anchors. This gives rise to sequential, context, transfer, practice, and other dynamic effects. The scale unfolds as an adaptive map. A hierarchy of models is tested on a battery of quantitative measures from 2 experiments in absolute identification and category rating.},
affiliation = {Department of Cognitive Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA. apetrov@uci.edu},
number = {2},
pages = {383--416},
volume = {112},
year = {2005},
month = {Apr},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Retrospective Studies, Psychological Tests, Humans, Models: Psychological, Psychological Theory, Memory},
date-added = {2010-08-22 20:16:03 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-08-22 20:16:03 +0200},
doi = {10.1037/0033-295X.112.2.383},
pii = {2005-02750-004},
pmid = {15783291},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p14179},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Beretvas:2002,
author = {S N Beretvas and D A Pastor},
journal = {Educational and Psychological Measurement},
title = {Using mixed-effects models in Reliability Generalization studies},
volume = {62},
year = {2002},
date-added = {2010-01-10 11:33:21 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-10 11:33:25 +0100},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p2008},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Steyerberg:2000p4065,
author = {E W Steyerberg and M J Eijkemans and F E Harrell and J D Habbema},
journal = {Stat Med},
title = {Prognostic modelling with logistic regression analysis: a comparison of selection and estimation methods in small data sets},
abstract = {Logistic regression analysis may well be used to develop a prognostic model for a dichotomous outcome. Especially when limited data are available, it is difficult to determine an appropriate selection of covariables for inclusion in such models. Also, predictions may be improved by applying some sort of shrinkage in the estimation of regression coefficients. In this study we compare the performance of several selection and shrinkage methods in small data sets of patients with acute myocardial infarction, where we aim to predict 30-day mortality. Selection methods included backward stepwise selection with significance levels alpha of 0.01, 0.05, 0. 157 (the AIC criterion) or 0.50, and the use of qualitative external information on the sign of regression coefficients in the model. Estimation methods included standard maximum likelihood, the use of a linear shrinkage factor, penalized maximum likelihood, the Lasso, or quantitative external information on univariable regression coefficients. We found that stepwise selection with a low alpha (for example, 0.05) led to a relatively poor model performance, when evaluated on independent data. Substantially better performance was obtained with full models with a limited number of important predictors, where regression coefficients were reduced with any of the shrinkage methods. Incorporation of external information for selection and estimation improved the stability and quality of the prognostic models. We therefore recommend shrinkage methods in full models including prespecified predictors and incorporation of external information, when prognostic models are constructed in small data sets.},
affiliation = {Center for Clinical Decision Sciences, Department of Public Health, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. steyerberg@mgz.fgg.eur.nl},
number = {8},
pages = {1059--79},
volume = {19},
year = {2000},
month = {Apr},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Sample Size, Models: Statistical, Forecasting, Female, Myocardial Infarction, Regression Analysis, Age Factors, Prognosis, Aged, Risk Factors, Humans, Male, Sex Factors, Logistic Models},
date-added = {2010-01-19 15:48:37 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-19 15:48:37 +0100},
pii = {10.1002/(SICI)1097-0258(20000430)19:8<1059::AID-SIM412>3.0.CO;2-0},
pmid = {10790680},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Steyerberg-2000-Stat%20Med_Prognostic%20modelling.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p4065},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Geisser:1982p6281,
author = {S Geisser},
journal = {Biometrics},
title = {Aspects of the Predictive and Estimative Approaches in the Determination of Probabilities},
pages = {75--85},
volume = {38},
year = {1982},
date-added = {2010-02-20 18:05:13 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-02-20 18:05:58 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Geisser-1982-Biometrics_Aspects%20of%20the%20Predi.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p6281},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Pocock:1992,
author = {SJ Pocock},
journal = {British Medical Journal},
title = {When to stop a clinical trial},
abstract = {Most randomised clinical trials require periodic monitoring of the accumulating data. While the efficiency of trial management is enhanced by data monitoring, ethical reasons should primarily dictate the need to terminate or change a trial in response to interim findings. This article focuses on the ethical dilemma of when to stop a clinical trial and places statistical stopping rules in the context of such ethical decision making. Other issues include the organisation of data monitoring committees and the problems of premature publication and exaggerated estimation in trials that stop early. Several topical examples are used to convey the relevance of these issues to current practice.},
pages = {235--240},
volume = {305},
year = {1992},
date-added = {2010-01-03 19:36:10 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-03 19:36:10 +0100},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1047},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Mols:2010p4759,
author = {Floortje Mols and Johan Denollet},
journal = {Health Qual Life Outcomes},
title = {Type D personality in the general population: a systematic review of health status, mechanisms of disease, and work-related problems},
abstract = {ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: The objective was to review all available literature concerning Type D (distressed) personality among the general population and to discuss its implications for research on health status, disease-promoting mechanisms and work-related problems in non-clinical populations. METHODS: A computerized search of the literature was performed independently and in duplicate by both investigators on December 21st, 2009. Published research reports were included if they studied Type D personality among the general population. Nineteen articles were selected and they were subjected to an 11-item standardised quality checklist by both investigators. RESULTS: The methodological quality of the selected studies was adequate to high. The studies included in this review showed that the presence of Type D characteristics had a negative impact on mental health status (more symptoms of depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, mental distress, passive coping, and less social support) and physical health status (more somatic complaints, lower health status, more influenza-like illness reporting). Other studies reported on behavioral and biological mechanisms of disease in apparently healthy individuals with a Type D personality. Finally, some studies also showed a negative effect of Type D personality on work-related problems (higher absence-leave, higher levels of vital exhaustion and burnout, and more work-related stress). CONCLUSIONS: Type D personality is a vulnerability factor for general psychological distress that affects mental and physical health status and is associated with disease-promoting mechanisms and work-related problems in apparently healthy individuals.},
number = {1},
pages = {9},
volume = {8},
year = {2010},
month = {Jan},
language = {ENG},
date-added = {2010-02-01 12:42:36 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-02-01 12:42:36 +0100},
doi = {10.1186/1477-7525-8-9},
pii = {1477-7525-8-9},
pmid = {20096129},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Mols-2010-Health%20and%20Quality%20of%20Life%20Outcomes_Type%20D%20personality%20i-1.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p4759},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Browne:2010p8342,
author = {Dillon T Browne and Adefowope Odueyungbo and Lehana Thabane and Carolyn Byrne and Lindsay A Smart},
journal = {Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am},
title = {Parenting-by-gender interactions in child psychopathology: attempting to address inconsistencies with a Canadian national database},
abstract = {ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Research has shown strong links between parenting and child psychopathology. The moderating role of child gender is of particular interest, due to gender differences in socialization history and in the prevalence of psychiatric disorders. Currently there is little agreement on how gender moderates the relationship between parenting and child psychopathology. This study attempts to address this lack of consensus by drawing upon two theories (self-salience vs. gender stereotyped misbehaviour) to determine how child gender moderates the role of parenting, if at all. METHODS: Using generalized estimating equations (GEE) associations between three parenting dimensions (hostile-ineffective parenting, parental consistency, and positive interaction) were examined in relationship to child externalizing (physical aggression, indirect aggression, and hyperactivity-inattention) and internalizing (emotional disorder-anxiety) dimensions of psychopathology. A sample 4 and 5 year olds from the National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth (NLSCY) were selected for analysis and followed over 6 years (N = 1214). Two models with main effects (Model 1) and main effects plus interactions (Model 2) were tested. RESULTS: No child gender-by-parenting interactions were observed for child physical aggression and indirect aggression. The association between hostile-ineffective parenting and child hyperactivity was stronger for girls, though this effect did not reach conventional levels of statistical significance (p = .059). The associations between parenting and child emotional disorder did vary as a function of gender, where influences of parental consistency and positive interaction were stronger for boys. DISCUSSION: Despite the presence of a few significant interaction effects, hypotheses were not supported for either theory (i.e. self-salience or gender stereotyped misbehaviour). We believe that the inconsistencies in the literature regarding child gender-by-parenting interactions is due to the reliance on gender as an indicator of a different variable which is intended to explain the interactions. This may be problematic because there is likely within-gender and between-sample variability in such constructs. Future research should consider measuring and modelling variables that are assumed to explain such interactions when conducting gender-by-parenting research.},
affiliation = {Department of Psychology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada. dbrowne@uoguelph.ca.},
pages = {5},
volume = {4},
year = {2010},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
date-added = {2010-03-21 12:43:23 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:23:03 +0200},
doi = {10.1186/1753-2000-4-5},
pii = {1753-2000-4-5},
pmid = {20181023},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Browne-2010-Child%20Adolesc%20Psychiatr%20Clin%20N%20Am_Parenting-by-gender.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p8342},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Wray:2005p6090,
author = {John Wray and Natalie Silove and Helen Knott},
journal = {Med J Aust},
title = {7. Language disorders and autism},
abstract = {Early diagnosis of language disorders and autism is important, and early intervention for autism and some language disorders makes a difference. Developmental surveillance of children to detect these disorders should be a routine part of medical practice. The persistence and pervasiveness of communication and socialising deficits differentiate children with autism from those with specific developmental language disorders. Hearing and vision assessment is essential in any communication disorder. Interventions, targeted to identified areas of need, should encompass communication enhancement, behavioural therapy, educational modification, parent education and family support. Pharmacological interventions have an important but discrete role in autism, but there are no magic bullets. It is important to remember that the normal childhood illnesses occur in children with developmental disorders. Parents should be directed to reliable websites on the Internet, and given information and books to read as well as phone numbers of relevant services (eg, autism associations). There is a need for increased government financial support for early intervention programs.},
affiliation = {c/o State Child Development Centre, Women's and Children's Health Service, West Perth, WA, Australia. john.wray@health.wa.gov.au},
number = {7},
pages = {354--60},
volume = {182},
year = {2005},
month = {Apr},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Family, Diagnosis: Differential, Autistic Disorder, Early Diagnosis, Child, Language Disorders, Humans, Social Support, Caregivers},
date-added = {2010-02-19 17:05:18 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:52:48 +0200},
pii = {wra10330_fm},
pmid = {15804229},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p6090},
rating = {0}
}

@inbook{Tourangeau:1992,
author = {R Tourangeau},
journal = {Book},
title = {Context effects in social and psychological research},
chapter = {Attitudes as memory structures: Belief sampling and context effects},
pages = {35--47},
year = {1992},
date-added = {2010-01-03 19:34:17 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:21:41 +0200},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p938},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Cannon:1999,
author = {M Cannon and P Jones and MO Huttunen and A Tanskanen and T Huttunen and S Rabe-Hesketh and RM Murray},
journal = {Arch Gen Psychiatry},
title = {School performance in Finnish children and later development of schizophrenia. A population-based longitudinal study},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: We examined whether children who are diagnosed as having schizophrenia in adulthood could be distinguished from their peers on performance in elementary school. METHODS: We used a case-control study design nested within a population-based birth cohort of all individuals born in Helsinki, Finland, between January 1, 1951, and December 31, 1960. Case ascertainment was from 3 national health care registers. Elementary school records were obtained for 400 children who were diagnosed as having schizophrenia in adulthood and for 408 controls. Results were analyzed for the 4 years of schooling (ages 7-11 years) that were common to all pupils. School subjects were entered into a principal components analysis and produced 3 factors: academic, nonacademic, and behavioral. These factors were compared between cases and controls after adjusting for sex and social group. Eligibility for high school and progression to high school were investigated among cases and controls. RESULTS: Cases performed significantly worse than controls only on the nonacademic factor (which loaded sports and handicrafts). There were no differences between the groups on the academic or behavioral factors, and there were no significant clinical correlates of factor scores. Cases were significantly less likely than controls to progress to high school, despite similar eligibility. CONCLUSIONS: Poor performance in sports and handicrafts during elementary school, which may indicate a motor coordination deficit, appears to be a risk factor for later schizophrenia. Poor academic performance in elementary school was not a risk factor for schizophrenia in this study. Lack of expected progression to high school among cases, despite good academic grades, provides evidence for deteriorating premorbid functional adjustment in schizophrenia.},
pages = {457--463},
volume = {56},
year = {1999},
date-added = {2010-01-03 19:36:10 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-03 19:36:10 +0100},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1059},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Efron2004,
author = {B Efron and T Hastie and I Johnstone and R Tibshirani},
journal = {The Annals of Statistics},
title = {Least angle regression},
number = {2},
pages = {407--499},
volume = {32},
year = {2004},
date-added = {2010-01-12 14:26:48 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:51:51 +0200},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p2528},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Burmeister:2008p2499,
author = {Margit Burmeister and Melvin G McInnis and Sebastian Z{\"o}llner},
journal = {Nat Rev Genet},
title = {Psychiatric genetics: progress amid controversy},
abstract = {Several psychiatric disorders--such as bipolar disorder, schizophrenia and autism--are highly heritable, yet identifying their genetic basis has been challenging, with most discoveries failing to be replicated. However, inroads have been made by the incorporation of intermediate traits (endophenotypes) and of environmental factors into genetic analyses, and through the identification of rare inherited variants and novel structural mutations. Current efforts aim to increase sample sizes by gathering larger samples for case-control studies or through meta-analyses of such studies. More attention on unique families, rare variants, and on incorporating environment and the emerging knowledge of biological function and pathways into genetic analysis is warranted.},
affiliation = {Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, 5061 BSRB, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-2200, USA. margit@umich.edu},
number = {7},
pages = {527--40},
volume = {9},
year = {2008},
month = {Jul},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Humans, Genetic Variation, Genome: Human, Mental Disorders, Animals, Risk Factors},
date-added = {2010-01-12 13:35:21 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:40:47 +0200},
doi = {10.1038/nrg2381},
pii = {nrg2381},
pmid = {18560438},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Burmeister-2008-Nat%20Rev%20Genet_Psychiatric%20genetics.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p2499},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Sherry:2005p10351,
author = {Alissa Sherry and Robin K Henson},
journal = {J Pers Assess},
title = {Conducting and interpreting canonical correlation analysis in personality research: a user-friendly primer},
abstract = {The purpose of this article is to reduce potential statistical barriers and open doors to canonical correlation analysis (CCA) for applied behavioral scientists and personality researchers. CCA was selected for discussion, as it represents the highest level of the general linear model (GLM) and can be rather easily conceptualized as a method closely linked with the more widely understood Pearson r correlation coefficient. An understanding of CCA can lead to a more global appreciation of other univariate and multivariate methods in the GLM. We attempt to demonstrate CCA with basic language, using technical terminology only when necessary for understanding and use of the method. We present an entire example of a CCA analysis using SPSS (Version 11.0) with personality data.},
affiliation = {Counseling Psychology Program, University of Texas at Austin, USA.},
number = {1},
pages = {37--48},
volume = {84},
year = {2005},
month = {Feb},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Behavioral Research, Analysis of Variance, United States, Humans, Personality Assessment},
date-added = {2010-04-02 18:21:02 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-04-02 18:21:02 +0200},
doi = {10.1207/s15327752jpa8401_09},
pmid = {15639766},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Sherry-2005-Journal%20of%20Personality%20Assessment_Conducting%20and%20inter.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p10351},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Eap:2008p13869,
author = {Sopagna Eap and David S Degarmo and Ayaka Kawakami and Shelley N Hara and Gordon C N Hall and Andra L Teten},
journal = {Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology},
title = {Culture and Personality Among European American and Asian American Men},
abstract = {Personality differences between Asian American (N = 320) and European American men (N = 242) and also among Asian American ethnic groups (Korean, Chinese, Japanese, Filipino, and mixed Asian) are examined on the Big Five personality dimension. Personality structures for Asian Americans and European Americans closely replicate established norms. However, congruence is greater for European American and highly acculturated Asian American men than for low acculturated Asian American men. Similar patterns are found for the construct loss of face (LOF). Asian American men with a high concern for LOF are less similar in their personality structure to European American men than Asian American men with low LOF concern. Mean differences are also found among Asian American and European American men, who differ significantly on Extraversion, Conscientiousness, Openness, and Neuroticism. Results indicate that acculturation and LOF are significantly associated with these four personality dimensions for both Asian American and European American men.},
affiliation = {University of Oregon.},
number = {5},
pages = {630--643},
volume = {39},
year = {2008},
month = {Sep},
language = {ENG},
date-added = {2010-07-29 17:44:29 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 17:44:29 +0200},
doi = {10.1177/0022022108321310},
pmid = {19169434},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p13869},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Sham:2000p11299,
author = {P C Sham and J H Zhao and S S Cherny and J K Hewitt},
journal = {Genet Epidemiol},
title = {Variance-Components QTL linkage analysis of selected and non-normal samples: conditioning on trait values},
abstract = {Standard variance-components quantitative trait loci (QTL) linkage analysis can produce an elevated rate of type 1 errors when applied to selected samples and non-normal data. Here we describe an adjustment of the log-likelihood function based on conditioning on trait values. This leads to a likelihood ratio test that is valid in selected samples and non-normal data, and equal in power to alternative methods for analyzing selected samples that require knowledge of the ascertainment procedure or the trait values of non-selected individuals.},
affiliation = {Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Research Center and Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Denmark Hill, London, United Kingdom. p.sham@iop.kcl.ac.uk},
pages = {S22--8},
volume = {19 Suppl 1},
year = {2000},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Quantitative Trait: Heritable, Linkage (Genetics), Computer Simulation, Analysis of Variance},
date-added = {2010-04-26 22:34:09 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-04-26 22:34:09 +0200},
doi = {10.1002/1098-2272(2000)19:1+<::AID-GEPI4>3.0.CO;2-S},
pmid = {11055366},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Sham-2000-Genet%20Epidemiol_Variance-Components.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p11299},
rating = {0}
}

@article{LasHayas:2010p8322,
author = {Carlota Las Hayas and Jose M Quintana and Jesus A Padierna and Amaia Bilbao and Pedro Munoz},
journal = {Health Qual Life Outcomes},
title = {Use of rasch methodology to develop a short version of the Health Related Quality of life for Eating Disorders questionnaire: a prospective study},
abstract = {ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: To confirm the internal structure of the Health Related Quality of Life for Eating Disorders version 2 questionnaire (HeRQoLEDv2) and create and validate a shortened version (HeRQoLED-S). METHODS: 324 patients with eating disorders were assessed at baseline and one year later (75.6% of whom responded). We performed a confirmatory factor analysis of the HeRQoLEDv2 using baseline data, and then a Rasch analysis to shorten the questionnaire. Data obtained at year one was used to confirm the structure of the HeRQoLED short form and evaluate its validity and reliability. RESULTS: Two latent second-order factors -- social maladjustment and mental health and functionality -- fit the data for the HeRQoLEDv2. Rasch analysis was computed separately for the two latent second-order factors and shortened the HeRQoLEDv2 to 20 items. Infit and outfit indices were acceptable, with the confirmatory factor analysis of the HeRQoLED short form giving a root mean square error of approximation of 0.07, a non-normed fit index and a comparative fit index exceeding 0.90. The validity was also supported by the correlation with the convergent measures: the social maladjustment factor correlated 0.82 with the dieting concern factor of the Eating Attitudes Test-26 and the mental health and functionality factor correlated -0.69 with the mental summary component of the Short Form-12. Cronbach alphas exceeded 0.89. CONCLUSIONS: Two main factors, social maladjustment and mental health and functionality, explain the majority of HeRQoLEDv2 scores. The shortened version maintains good psychometric properties, though it must be validated in independent samples.},
number = {1},
pages = {29},
volume = {8},
year = {2010},
month = {Mar},
language = {ENG},
date-added = {2010-03-21 09:28:01 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-03-21 09:28:07 +0100},
doi = {10.1186/1477-7525-8-29},
pii = {1477-7525-8-29},
pmid = {20298556},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Las%20Hayas-2010-Health%20and%20Quality%20of%20Life%20Outcomes_Use%20of%20rasch%20methodo-1.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p8322},
rating = {3}
}

@article{BarnettPage:2009p440,
author = {Elaine Barnett-Page and James Thomas},
journal = {BMC Med Res Methodol},
title = {Methods for the synthesis of qualitative research: a critical review},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: In recent years, a growing number of methods for synthesising qualitative research have emerged, particularly in relation to health-related research. There is a need for both researchers and commissioners to be able to distinguish between these methods and to select which method is the most appropriate to their situation. DISCUSSION: A number of methodological and conceptual links between these methods were identified and explored, while contrasting epistemological positions explained differences in approaches to issues such as quality assessment and extent of iteration. Methods broadly fall into 'realist' or 'idealist' epistemologies, which partly accounts for these differences. SUMMARY: Methods for qualitative synthesis vary across a range of dimensions. Commissioners of qualitative syntheses might wish to consider the kind of product they want and select their method - or type of method - accordingly.},
affiliation = {Evidence for Policy and Practice Information and Co-ordinating Centre, Social Science Research Unit, 18 Woburn Square, London WC1H 0NS, UK. e.barnett-page@ioe.ac.uk},
pages = {59},
volume = {9},
year = {2009},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
date-added = {2010-01-03 12:26:51 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-03 12:26:51 +0100},
doi = {10.1186/1471-2288-9-59},
pii = {1471-2288-9-59},
pmid = {19671152},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Barnett-Page-2009-BMC%20Med%20Res%20Methodol_Methods%20for%20the%20synt.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p440},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Fassino:2004p13046,
author = {S Fassino and G Abbate Daga and N Delsedime and L Rogna and S Boggio},
journal = {Drug Alcohol Depend},
title = {Quality of life and personality disorders in heroin abusers},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to describe the personality disorders (PD) and personality profile of heroin-abusers and their quality of life (QoL), and to investigate the correlation between the two. METHOD: One hundred and eighty heroin-abusers during their residential treatment participated in the study. The Structured Clinical Interview-II (SCID-II) allowed the identification of two subgroups of heroin-abusers on the basis of presence/absence of a PD. All patients filled in the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI), the McGill QoL Questionnaire (MQOL) and an anamnestic sheet. A control group of 63 non-clinical subjects was recruited. RESULTS: Abusers with a PD differ in their personality profile from abusers without PD and score lower on the total MQOL. As regards TCI scales, novelty seeking (NS), reward dependence (RD) and self-directedness (SD) predict the age of onset of the abuse, while cooperativeness (C) is a predictor of the number of community admissions. DISCUSSION: Low scores on self-directedness and cooperativeness in abusers support the hypothesis of an immature character and relational difficulties. Novelty seeking is the only dimension which is altered both in abusers with and without a PD and is not strictly dependent on Axis II comorbidity. QoL is lower in abusers than in controls, according to their physical, psychological and existential suffering. Last, an interesting link emerged between personality and perceived QoL.},
affiliation = {Department of Neuroscience, Psychiatric Institute, University of Turin, Via Cherasco 11, 10126 Torino, Italy. secondo.fassino@unito.it},
number = {1},
pages = {73--80},
volume = {76},
year = {2004},
month = {Oct},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Female, Quality of Life, Male, Personality Disorders, Humans, Analysis of Variance, Cross-Sectional Studies, Adult, Heroin Dependence},
date-added = {2010-06-26 09:37:26 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-06-26 09:37:26 +0200},
doi = {10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2004.04.005},
pii = {S0376871604001024},
pmid = {15380291},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Fassino-2004-Drug%20Alcohol%20Depend_Quality%20of%20life%20and.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p13046},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Nakagami:2008p5489,
author = {Eri Nakagami and Bin Xie and Maanse Hoe and John S Brekke},
journal = {Schizophr Res},
title = {Intrinsic motivation, neurocognition and psychosocial functioning in schizophrenia: testing mediator and moderator effects},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: This study examined the nature of the relationships among neurocognition, intrinsic motivation, and psychosocial functioning for persons with schizophrenia. Hypotheses concerning both mediator and moderator mechanisms were tested. METHOD: 120 individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia were recruited as they entered outpatient psychosocial rehabilitation programs. Measures of psychosocial functioning and intrinsic motivation were administered at baseline. Measures of neurocognition were administered at baseline by testers blind to scores on other study variables. Data were analyzed using latent construct modeling to test for mediator and moderator effects. RESULTS: There were strong bivariate relationships between neurocognition, intrinsic motivation, and psychosocial functioning. The results demonstrated that intrinsic motivation strongly mediated the relationship between neurocognition and psychosocial functioning. This mediation was evidenced by: (i) the direct path from neurocognition to functional outcome no longer being statistically significant after the introduction of motivation into the model, (ii) the statistical significance of the indirect path from neurocognition through motivation to functional outcome. There was no support for the two moderation hypotheses: the level of neurocognition did not influence the relationship between intrinsic motivation and psychosocial functioning, nor did the level of intrinsic motivation influence the relationship between neurocognition and psychosocial functioning. CONCLUSIONS: Neurocognition influences psychosocial functioning through its relationship with intrinsic motivation. Intrinsic motivation is a critical mechanism for explaining the relationship between neurocognition and psychosocial functioning. Implications for the theoretical understanding and psychosocial treatment of intrinsic motivation in schizophrenia are discussed.},
affiliation = {University of Southern California, School of Social Work, CA, USA. nakagami@usc.edu},
number = {1-3},
pages = {95--104},
volume = {105},
year = {2008},
month = {Oct},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Personal Autonomy, Cognition Disorders, Female, Schizophrenic Psychology, Neuropsychological Tests, Self Efficacy, Adult, Community Mental Health Services, Motivation, Adaptation: Psychological, Models: Psychological, Humans, Schizophrenia, Outcome Assessment (Health Care), Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Social Adjustment, Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, Male, Social Perception},
date-added = {2010-02-12 14:44:15 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:50:06 +0200},
doi = {10.1016/j.schres.2008.06.015},
pii = {S0920-9964(08)00285-5},
pmid = {18715756},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p5489},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Wuthrich:2001p11677,
author = {V Wuthrich and T C Bates},
journal = {Personality and Individual Differences},
title = {Schizotypy and latent inhibition: non-linear linkage between psychometric and cognitive markers},
abstract = {Auditory latent inhibition (LI) and schizotypy were measured in (n=54), showing that LI was an inver- ted-U function of schizotypy score. Only average levels of schizotypy were associated with undiminished LI while both low- and high-SPQ subjects showed reduced LI. No relationship was found between LI and either psychoticism or any of the {\textregistered}ve NEO PI-R domains. These results complement the similar complex relationship of neuroleptic drug dose effects on LI in normals and schizophrenics. A priming task and the unusual uses and pattern meanings measures of creativity were related to personality measures of schizo- typy, N, E, and O (but not the EPQ-R psychoticism, LI, or priming performance). Priming effects tracked the inverted-U function of schizotypal personality questionnaire (SPQ) scale scores shown in the LI task. It is suggested that LI is dependent on a non-linear interaction with masking task load and attentional allo- cation, modulated by schizotypy.},
pages = {783--798},
volume = {30},
year = {2001},
date-added = {2010-05-14 21:17:54 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-05-14 21:19:26 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Wuthrich-2001-Personality%20and%20Individual%20Differences_Schizotypy%20and%20laten.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p11677},
rating = {4}
}

@article{Verkuilen:2006p6252,
author = {J Verkuilen},
title = {The Fisher Information Function in Ideal Point Item Response Models For Pick Any/n Data},
abstract = {In the last two decades, researchers have developed a number of item response models for the analysis of preference data in which the regression between latent trait θ and item responses, P(θ), is single-peaked. As opposed to the monotonic functions such as the logistic function common to IRT for dominance data, these models are probabilistic analogues of Coombs' deterministic unfolding models. One potential barrier to the wider acceptance of such models is the curious fact that most ideal point item response models have bimodal item information functions. Unfortunately, mathematically rigorous explanations for this unusual behavior have not been provided by authors. More broadly, properties of the information function of ideal point IRT models are unknown. This article proves several theorems about the IIFs of ideal point models, in particular, showing that the IIF can be bimodal, unimodal, or singular depending on qualitative characteristics of P (θ), in particular the maximum value of P(θ) and P′′(θ). The importance of these results for test construction is also discussed and illustrated through a simple empirical example.},
year = {2006},
date-added = {2010-02-19 21:28:19 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-02-19 21:28:49 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Verkuilen-2006-_The%20Fisher%20Informati.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p6252},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Dorard:2008p13994,
author = {G{\'e}raldine Dorard and Sylvie Berthoz and Mark G Haviland and Olivier Phan and Maurice Corcos and Catherine Bungener},
journal = {Compr Psychiatry},
title = {Multimethod alexithymia assessment in adolescents and young adults with a cannabis use disorder},
abstract = {The value of alexithymia assessments in medical and psychiatric research is well documented, but such assessments in cannabis abusers are scarce. Moreover, despite repeated calls for multimethod alexithymia evaluations, researchers typically use 1 self-report only: the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale. Herein, we evaluated (1) the psychometric properties of the Observer Alexithymia Scale (OAS), (2) the correspondence between 3 alexithymia measures, (3) OAS raters' affect and its relationship to OAS scores, and (4) cannabis abusers' alexithymic features. Eighty-seven cannabis abusers completed self-reports measuring alexithymia (Toronto Alexithymia Scale, Bermond-Vorst Alexithymia Questionnaire-B), depression (13-item Beck Depression Inventory), and anxiety (State and Trait Anxiety Inventory-Form Y) and asked relatives to rate them using the OAS. The raters also completed the self-report scales. The OAS met acceptable reliability and validity standards, with the exception of relatively low interrater reliability for one of its subscales. Rater affect appeared to influence OAS scores, albeit slightly. Patients' OAS scores were higher than scores reported for people-in-general samples and lower than those for outpatient clinical samples. Alexithymia rates were similar to those previously reported in cannabis abusers. Our results demonstrated the adequacy and appropriateness of the OAS in these (and related) clinical samples, which may encourage multimethod alexithymia assessments in both research and clinical practice.},
affiliation = {Laboratory of Clinical Psychopathology and Neuropsychology, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France. geraldinedorard@yahoo.fr},
number = {6},
pages = {585--92},
volume = {49},
year = {2008},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Male, Humans, Adolescent, Reproducibility of Results, Marijuana Abuse, Female, Adult, Affective Symptoms, Psychometrics, Psychological Tests, Diagnosis: Dual (Psychiatry), France, Observer Variation},
date-added = {2010-08-04 09:22:25 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-08-04 09:22:25 +0200},
doi = {10.1016/j.comppsych.2008.05.001},
pii = {S0010-440X(08)00072-2},
pmid = {18970907},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Dorard-2008-Compr%20Psychiatry_Multimethod%20alexithy.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p13994},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Johnson:2004p11157,
author = {M S Johnson},
title = {Item response models and their use in measuring food insecurity and hunger},
abstract = {This paper aims to give a general discussion of parametric item response theory models, paying close atten- tion to the Rasch model and its extensions for the analysis of multiple dichotomous and polytomous items. As part of this discussion the paper reviews both the models commonly used in IRT and the procedures utilized to estimate the parameters of these models, and their implications.
After giving a general introduction to IRT models the paper examines the appropriateness of these models for the measurement of food security and hunger. Specifically, the paper examines how appropriate IRT is for the analysis of the food security items by examining a subset of data from the 2002 CPS, and then asks the question of whether or not the propensity measured by the food security items is in fact related to true food insecurity.
Finally, the paper examines how one might classify survey respondents into one of the three food security classes and/or estimate the proportions of individuals in the population that fall into each of these classes.},
year = {2004},
date-added = {2010-04-25 19:26:33 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-04-25 19:27:07 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Johnson-2004-_Item%20response%20models.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p11157},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Smits:2003p12895,
author = {D J Smits and Paul De Boeck and M Hoskens},
journal = {Applied Psychological Measurement},
title = {Examining the Structure of Concepts: Using Interactions Between Items},
abstract = {A framework is presented for modeling the relational structure of concepts using item response theory (IRT) models with interactions between the items, so-called models with local item dependency (LID). The proposed approach works for unidimensional and multidimensional concepts. For the relational structure of a concept to be analyzed, two types of items are used: items that directly refer to the concept and items that refer to the underlying components. The dependencies (the LIDs) are included in the model to analyze the mutual relations between the components and between the components and the concept. In a study on guilt, it was found that a unidimensional model complemented with situation-specific dependencies could explain the data that were gathered. Because of its flexibility, the approach is a promising tool for a structural analysis of concepts.},
number = {6},
pages = {415--439},
volume = {27},
year = {2003},
date-added = {2010-06-24 13:49:26 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 20:46:12 +0200},
doi = {10.1177/0146621603259277},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Smits-2003-Applied%20Psychological%20Measurement_Examining%20the%20Struct.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p12895},
rating = {4}
}

@article{Farmer:2008p13926,
author = {Richard F Farmer and Lewis R Goldberg},
journal = {Psychol Assess},
title = {A psychometric evaluation of the revised Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI-R) and the TCI-140},
abstract = {The psychometric properties of the newest version of the Temperament and Character Inventory (the TCI-R) were evaluated in a large (n = 727) community sample, as was the TCI-140, a short inventory derivative. Facets-to-scale confirmatory and exploratory factor analyses of the TCI-R did not support the organization of temperament and character facet scales within their superordinate domains. Five of the 29 facet scales also displayed relatively low internal consistency (a < .70). Factor analyses of the TCI-140 item set yielded only limited support for hypothesized item-to-scale memberships. Harm Avoidance, Novelty Seeking, and Self-Directedness items, in particular, were not well differentiated. Although psychometrically comparable, the TCI-R and the TCI-140 demonstrate many of the limitations of earlier inventory versions. Implications associated with the use of the TCI-R and TCI-140 and C. R. Cloninger's theory of personality are discussed.},
affiliation = {Oregon Research Institute, Eugene, OR 97403, USA. rfarmer@ori.org},
number = {3},
pages = {281--91},
volume = {20},
year = {2008},
month = {Sep},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Humans, Male, Female, Personality Inventory, Character, Psychometrics, Temperament, Middle Aged},
date-added = {2010-07-29 18:55:37 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:45:39 +0200},
doi = {10.1037/a0012934},
pii = {2008-12234-009},
pmid = {18778164},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Farmer-2008-Psychol%20Assess_A%20psychometric%20evalu.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p13926},
rating = {4}
}

@article{Summerfeldt:1999p6852,
author = {L J Summerfeldt and M A Richter and M M Antony and R P Swinson},
journal = {Behaviour Research and Therapy},
title = {Symptom structure in obsessive-compulsive disorder: a confirmatory factor-analytic study},
abstract = {Although obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has long been a unitary diagnosis, there is much recent interest in its potential heterogeneity, as manifested by symptom subgroups. This study evaluated existing models of symptom structure in a sample of 203 individuals with OCD. Using confirmatory factor analysis, we examined the ability of each model to account for two levels of data: a priori symptom groupings (second-order) and individual symptoms, identified by the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale symptom checklist. Four models were examined: a single-factor, a two-factor (i.e., obsessions and compulsions), and two multidimensional models, comprising three and four factors. Adequate fit was found solely for the four-factor model--specifying obsessions/checking, symmetry/ordering, contamination/cleaning, and hoarding--but only at the second-order level; it did not account for relationships among discrete symptoms. Parameter estimates showed within-factor heterogeneity, as well as overlap between factors, most notably the two representing checking and contamination-related symptoms. The implications of these findings are discussed. Results provide evidence for the multidimensionality of OCD symptoms, but suggest that a comprehensive model has yet to be identified. They also point to the inadequacy of groupings based solely upon overt behavioural similarities (e.g., 'checking'). Recommendations are made for future research.},
affiliation = {Psychology Department, St. Joseph's Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. Isummerf@stjosham.on.ca},
number = {4},
pages = {297--311},
volume = {37},
year = {1999},
month = {Apr},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Chi-Square Distribution, Obsessive Behavior, Male, Female, Models: Psychological, Adult, Reproducibility of Results, Compulsive Behavior, Humans, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Factor Analysis: Statistical},
date-added = {2010-03-06 10:31:25 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:18:49 +0200},
pii = {S000579679800134X},
pmid = {10204276},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p6852},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Li:1997p2692,
author = {M N F Li and S Olejnik},
journal = {Applied Psychological Measurement},
title = {The Power of Rasch Person-Fit Statistics in Detecting Unusual Response Patterns},
number = {3},
pages = {215--231},
volume = {21},
year = {1997},
date-added = {2010-01-13 10:12:24 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:16:53 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Li-1997-Applied%20Psychological%20Measurement_The%20Power%20of%20Rasch%20P.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p2692},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Wittes:2002p6420,
author = {Janet Wittes},
journal = {Epidemiol Rev},
title = {Sample size calculations for randomized controlled trials},
affiliation = {Statistics Collaborative, Inc., 1710 Rhode Island Avenue NW, Suite 200, Washington, DC 20036, USA. janet@statcollab.com},
number = {1},
pages = {39--53},
volume = {24},
year = {2002},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Humans, Research Design, Bias (Epidemiology), Sample Size, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Data Interpretation: Statistical},
date-added = {2010-02-23 08:27:10 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-02-23 08:27:13 +0100},
pmid = {12119854},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Wittes-2002-Epidemiol%20Rev_Sample%20size%20calculat.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p6420},
rating = {3}
}

@article{Yin:1996p3695,
author = {Y Yin and C W Carter},
journal = {Nucleic Acids Res},
title = {Incomplete factorial and response surface methods in experimental design: yield optimization of tRNA(Trp) from in vitro T7 RNA polymerase transcription},
abstract = {We have studied the yield of Escherichia coli tRNA(Trp) obtained from in vitro T7 RNA polymerase transcription using incomplete factorial and response surface methods. Incomplete factorial experiments were first used to estimate the relative impact of six variables on the yield of tRNA(Trp). Fifteen trials were performed according to a balanced and randomized design. The correlation between observed yield and all experimental variables was identified by stepwise multiple linear regression analysis. The concentrations of T7 RNA polymerase, DNA template, NTP and MgCl2 proved to be significantly correlated with the yield of tRNA(Trp). We then optimized the yield with respect to each of these four variables simultaneously with a designed, response surface experiment based on the Hardin-Sloane minimum prediction variance algorithm. Twenty experiments were performed, in duplicate, to sample the quadratic surface relating the yield to the four significant variables. Coefficients of the quadratic function with all two-factor interactions were evaluated by stepwise regression using least squares, and significant coefficients were retained. Partial differentiation of the resulting quadratic model showed it to possess an optimum. Transcription performed at the corresponding conditions yielded 6-fold more tRNA(Trp) than the initial conditions, confirming the predictive value of the experimentally determined response surface.},
affiliation = {Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 27599-7260, USA.},
number = {7},
pages = {1279--86},
volume = {24},
year = {1996},
month = {Apr},
language = {eng},
keywords = {DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases, Magnesium Chloride, Viral Proteins, RNA: Transfer: Trp, Base Composition, Regression Analysis, Templates: Genetic, Ribonucleotides, Transcription: Genetic, Research Design},
date-added = {2010-01-16 20:34:28 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-16 20:34:28 +0100},
pii = {5b0287},
pmid = {8614631},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Yin-1996-Nucleic%20Acids%20Res_Incomplete%20factorial.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p3695},
rating = {0}
}

@article{ReichbornKjennerud:2010p13516,
author = {Ted Reichborn-Kjennerud},
journal = {Dialogues Clin Neurosci},
title = {The genetic epidemiology of personality disorders},
abstract = {Genetic epidemiologic studies indicate that all ten personality disorders (PDs) classified on the DSM-IV axis II are modestly to moderately heritable. Shared environmental and nonadditive genetic factors are of minor or no importance. No sex differences have been identified, Multivariate studies suggest that the extensive comorbidity between the PDs can be explained by three common genetic and environmental risk factors. The genetic factors do not reflect the DSM-IV cluster structure, but rather: i) broad vulnerability to PD pathology or negative emotionality; ii) high impulsivity/low agreeableness; and iii) introversion. Common genetic and environmental liability factors contribute to comorbidity between pairs or clusters of axis I and axis II disorders. Molecular genetic studies of PDs, mostly candidate gene association studies, indicate that genes linked to neurotransmitter pathways, especially in the serotonergic and dopaminergic systems, are involved. Future studies, using newer methods like genome-wide association, might take advantage of the use of endophenotypes.},
affiliation = {Division of Mental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health Institute of Psychiatry, University of Oslo, Norway. ted.reichborn-kjennerud@fhi.no},
number = {1},
pages = {103--14},
volume = {12},
year = {2010},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Risk Factors, Humans, Personality Disorders, Molecular Epidemiology, Personality Inventory, Environment, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genetic Association Studies},
date-added = {2010-07-07 21:05:13 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-07-07 21:05:18 +0200},
pmid = {20373672},
URL = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=Retrieve&list_uids=20373672&dopt=abstractplus},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p13516},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Ioannidis:2009p10852,
author = {John P A Ioannidis},
journal = {CMAJ},
title = {Integration of evidence from multiple meta-analyses: a primer on umbrella reviews, treatment networks and multiple treatments meta-analyses},
affiliation = {Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina 45110, Greece. jioannid@cc.uoi.gr},
number = {8},
pages = {488--93},
volume = {181},
year = {2009},
month = {Oct},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Humans, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Evidence-Based Medicine, Clinical Trials as Topic},
date-added = {2010-04-10 03:32:17 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:23:30 +0200},
doi = {10.1503/cmaj.081086},
pii = {cmaj.081086},
pmid = {19654195},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Ioannidis-2009-CMAJ_Integration%20of%20evide.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p10852},
rating = {4}
}

@article{Purcell2007,
author = {S Purcell and B Neale and K Todd-Brown and L Thomas and M A R Ferreira and D Bender and J Maller and P Sklar and P I W de Bakker and M J Daly and P C Sham},
journal = {American Journal of Human Genetics},
title = {PLINK: a toolset for whole-genome association and population-based linkage analysis},
number = {3},
pages = {559--575},
volume = {81},
year = {2007},
date-added = {2010-01-12 14:26:40 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-12 14:26:52 +0100},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p2526},
rating = {0}
}

@article{KoniakGriffin:1988p8587,
author = {D Koniak-Griffin and M Rummell},
journal = {Matern Child Nurs J},
title = {Temperament in infancy: stability, change, and correlates},
abstract = {The present study investigated whether temperament categories and diagnoses of the Revised Infant Temperament Questionnaire (RITQ) remain stable during infancy. Additionally, the relationships between RITQ ratings and scores on the Brazelton Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale and the Bayley Scales of Infant Development were evaluated. The sample included 79 nonrisk infants. The results indicate that most categories of temperament, as well as diagnostic clusters, remain stable from 4 to 8 months of life. The majority of NBAS dimensions and Bayley mental scores were not significantly associated with temperament ratings. The antecedents of ratings of infants' difficultness were similarly unidentified by mothers' perceptions of their infant's behavior.},
number = {1},
pages = {25--40},
volume = {17},
year = {1988},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Child Psychology, Autonomic Nervous System, Male, Female, Adult, Temperament, Psychological Tests, Infant, Personality, Humans, Adaptation: Psychological, Age Factors},
date-added = {2010-03-22 00:10:31 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-03-22 00:10:31 +0100},
pmid = {3393027},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p8587},
rating = {0}
}

@techreport{Cull:2002,
author = {A Cull and M Sprangers and K Bjordal and Neil K Aaronson and K West and A Bottomley},
journal = {Techreport},
title = {Translation Procedure},
affiliation = {EORTC Quality of Life Group},
year = {2002},
month = {Feb},
date-added = {2010-01-10 11:33:09 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 20:13:56 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Cull-2002-Techreport_Translation%20Procedur.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p2080},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Mather:2003p10206,
author = {Mara Mather and Laura L Carstensen},
journal = {Psychol Sci},
title = {Aging and attentional biases for emotional faces},
abstract = {We examined age differences in attention to and memory for faces expressing sadness, anger, and happiness. Participants saw a pair of faces, one emotional and one neutral, and then a dot probe that appeared in the location of one of the faces. In two experiments, older adults responded faster to the dot if it was presented on the same side as a neutral face than if it was presented on the same side as a negative face. Younger adults did not exhibit this attentional bias. Interactions of age and valence were also found for memory for the faces, with older adults remembering positive better than negative faces. These findings reveal that in their initial attention, older adults avoid negative information. This attentional bias is consistent with older adults' generally better emotional well-being and their tendency to remember negative less well than positive information.},
affiliation = {University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA. mather@ucsc.edu},
number = {5},
pages = {409--15},
volume = {14},
year = {2003},
month = {Sep},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Male, Adult, Facial Expression, Pattern Recognition: Visual, Female, Humans, Aging, Emotions, Middle Aged, Aged: 80 and over, Perceptual Defense, Adolescent, Reaction Time, Aged, Mental Recall, Adaptation: Psychological, Attention},
date-added = {2010-04-01 18:19:51 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:46:15 +0200},
pii = {psci_1455},
pmid = {12930469},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Mather-2003-Psychol%20Sci_Aging%20and%20attentiona.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p10206},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Wu:2008p11432,
author = {X Wu and V Kumar and J R Quinlan and J GhoshQ Yang and H Motoda and G J McLachlan and A Ng and B Liu and P S Yu and Z H Zhou and M Steinbach and D J Hand and D Steinberg},
journal = {Knowl Inf Syst},
title = {Top 10 algorithms in data mining},
abstract = {This paper presents the top 10 data mining algorithms identified by the IEEE International Conference on Data Mining (ICDM) in December 2006: C4.5, k-Means, SVM, Apriori, EM, PageRank, AdaBoost, kNN, Naive Bayes, and CART. These top 10 algorithms are among the most influential data mining algorithms in the research community. With each algorithm, we provide a description of the algorithm, discuss the impact of the algorithm, and review current and further research on the algorithm. These 10 algorithms cover classification, clustering, statistical learning, association analysis, and link mining, which are all among the most important topics in data mining research and development.},
pages = {1--37},
volume = {14},
year = {2008},
date-added = {2010-05-01 17:13:05 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-05-01 17:15:35 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Wu-2008-Knowl%20Inf%20Syst_Top%2010%20algorithms%20in.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p11432},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Pan:2007p11232,
author = {Lin Pan and Carole Ober and Mark Abney},
journal = {Genet Epidemiol},
title = {Heritability estimation of sex-specific effects on human quantitative traits},
abstract = {Recent studies have suggested that sex-specific genetic architecture could be because of the effects of autosomal genes that are differentially expressed in males and females. Yet, few studies have explored the effects of X-linked genes on sex-specific genetic architecture. In this study, we extended the variance component, maximum likelihood method to evaluate the relative contributions of sex-specific effects on both autosomes and the X chromosome to estimates of heritability of 20 quantitative human phenotypes in the Hutterites. Seventeen of these traits were previously analyzed in this population under a model that did not include X chromosomal effects; three traits are analyzed for the first time (age at menarche, percent fat and fat-free mass [FFM]). Seven traits (systolic blood pressure (SBP), adult height, fasting insulin, triglycerides, lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)], serotonin, and age at menarche) showed significant X-linked effects; three of these (SBP, adult height, and triglycerides) showed X-linked effects only in males. Four traits (Lp(a), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, ratio of percent predicted forced expiratory volume at 1 s/forced vital capacity, and FFM) showed significant sex-environment interactions, and two traits (high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and FFM) showed significant sex-specific autosomal effects. Our analyses demonstrate that sex-specific genetic effects may not only be common in human quantitative traits, but also that the X chromosome both plays a large role in these effects and has a variable influence between the sexes.},
affiliation = {Department of Human Genetics, The University of Chicago, 920 East 58th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.},
number = {4},
pages = {338--47},
volume = {31},
year = {2007},
month = {May},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Quantitative Trait: Heritable, Humans, Founder Effect, South Dakota, Models: Genetic, Sex Characteristics, Genes: X-Linked, Male, Female, Adult, Chromosomes: Human: X, Phenotype},
date-added = {2010-04-25 21:31:01 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-04-25 21:31:01 +0200},
doi = {10.1002/gepi.20214},
pmid = {17323368},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Pan-2007-Genet%20Epidemiol_Heritability%20estimat.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p11232},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Schmiedek:2007p1542,
author = {Florian Schmiedek and Klaus Oberauer and Oliver Wilhelm and Heinz-Martin S{\"u}ss and Werner W Wittmann},
journal = {J Exp Psychol Gen},
title = {Individual differences in components of reaction time distributions and their relations to working memory and intelligence},
abstract = {The authors bring together approaches from cognitive and individual differences psychology to model characteristics of reaction time distributions beyond measures of central tendency. Ex-Gaussian distributions and a diffusion model approach are used to describe individuals' reaction time data. The authors identified common latent factors for each of the 3 ex-Gaussian parameters and for 3 parameters central to the diffusion model using structural equation modeling for a battery of choice reaction tasks. These factors had differential relations to criterion constructs. Parameters reflecting the tail of the distribution (i.e., tau in the ex-Gaussian and drift rate in the diffusion model) were the strongest unique predictors of working memory, reasoning, and psychometric speed. Theories of controlled attention and binding are discussed as potential theoretical explanations.},
affiliation = {Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany. schmiedek@mpib-berlin.mpg.de},
number = {3},
pages = {414--29},
volume = {136},
year = {2007},
month = {Aug},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Multivariate Analysis, Adult, Normal Distribution, Problem Solving, Male, Orientation, Semantics, Individuality, Humans, Intelligence, Reaction Time, Choice Behavior, Female, Pattern Recognition: Visual, Concept Formation, Statistics as Topic, Memory: Short-Term},
date-added = {2010-01-07 16:29:04 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-07 16:29:04 +0100},
doi = {10.1037/0096-3445.136.3.414},
pii = {2007-11669-004},
pmid = {17696691},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Schmiedek-2007-J%20Exp%20Psychol%20Gen_Individual%20differenc.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1542},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Burton:2007p5769,
author = {Paul R Burton and David G Clayton and Lon R Cardon and Nick Craddock and Panos Deloukas and Audrey Duncanson and Dominic P Kwiatkowski and Mark I McCarthy and Willem H Ouwehand and Nilesh J Samani and John A Todd and Peter Donnelly and Jeffrey C Barrett and Dan Davison and Doug Easton and David Evans and Hin-Tak Leung and Jonathan L Marchini and Andrew P Morris and Chris C A Spencer and Martin D Tobin and Antony P Attwood and James P Boorman and Barbara Cant and Ursula Everson and Judith M Hussey and Jennifer D Jolley and Alexandra S Knight and Kerstin Koch and Elizabeth Meech and Sarah Nutland and Christopher V Prowse and Helen E Stevens and Niall C Taylor and Graham R Walters and Neil M Walker and Nicholas A Watkins and Thilo Winzer and Richard W Jones and Wendy L Mcardle and Susan M Ring and David P Strachan and Marcus Pembrey and Gerome Breen and David St Clair and Sian Caesar and Katherine Gordon-Smith and Lisa Jones and Christine Fraser and Elaine K Green and Detelina Grozeva and Marian L Hamshere and Peter A Holmans and Ian R Jones and George Kirov and Valentina Moskvina and Ivan Nikolov and Michael C O'donovan and Michael J Owen and David A Collier and Amanda Elkin and Anne Farmer and Richard Williamson and Peter Mcguffin and Allan H Young and I Nicol Ferrier and Stephen G Ball and Anthony J Balmforth and Jennifer H Barrett and D Timothy Bishop and Mark M Iles and Azhar Maqbool and Nadira Yuldasheva and Alistair S Hall and Peter S Braund and Richard J Dixon and Massimo Mangino and Suzanne Stevens and John R Thompson and Francesca Bredin and Mark Tremelling and Miles Parkes and Hazel Drummond and Charles W Lees and Elaine R Nimmo and Jack Satsangi and Sheila A Fisher and Alastair Forbes and Cathryn M Lewis and Clive M Onnie and Natalie J Prescott and Jeremy Sanderson and Christopher G Mathew and Jamie Barbour and M Khalid Mohiuddin and Catherine E Todhunter and John C Mansfield and Tariq Ahmad and Fraser R Cummings and Derek P Jewell and John Webster and Morris J Brown and G Mark Lathrop and John Connell and Anna Dominiczak and Carolina A Braga Marcano and Beverley Burke and Richard Dobson and Johannie Gungadoo and Kate L Lee and Patricia B Munroe and Stephen J Newhouse and Abiodun Onipinla and Chris Wallace and Mingzhan Xue and Mark Caulfield and Martin Farrall and Anne Barton and The Biologics in RA Genetics and Genomics Braggs and Ian N Bruce and Hannah Donovan and Steve Eyre and Paul D Gilbert and Samantha L Hider and Anne M Hinks and Sally L John and Catherine Potter and Alan J Silman and Deborah P M Symmons and Wendy Thomson and Jane Worthington and David B Dunger and Barry Widmer and Timothy M Frayling and Rachel M Freathy and Hana Lango and John R B Perry and Beverley M Shields and Michael N Weedon and Andrew T Hattersley and Graham A Hitman and Mark Walker and Kate S Elliott and Christopher J Groves and Cecilia M Lindgren and Nigel W Rayner and Nicholas J Timpson and Eleftheria Zeggini and Melanie Newport and Giorgio Sirugo and Emily Lyons and Fredrik Vannberg and Adrian V S Hill and Linda A Bradbury and Claire Farrar and Jennifer J Pointon and Paul Wordsworth and Matthew A Brown and Jayne A Franklyn and Joanne M Heward and Matthew J Simmonds and Stephen C L Gough and Sheila Seal and Breast Cancer Susceptibility Collaboration Uk and Michael R Stratton and Nazneen Rahman and Maria Ban and An Goris and Stephen J Sawcer and Alastair Compston and David Conway and Muminatou Jallow and Kirk A Rockett and Suzannah J Bumpstead and Amy Chaney and Kate Downes and Mohammed J R Ghori and Rhian Gwilliam and Sarah E Hunt and Michael Inouye and Andrew Keniry and Emma King and Ralph McGinnis and Simon Potter and Rathi Ravindrarajah and Pamela Whittaker and Claire Widden and David Withers and Niall J Cardin and Teresa Ferreira and Joanne Pereira-Gale and Ingileif B Hallgrimsd|[Oacute]|Ttir and Bryan N Howie and Zhan Su and Yik Ying Teo and Damjan Vukcevic and David Bentley and Alistair Compston},
journal = {Nature},
title = {Genome-wide association study of 14,000 cases of seven common diseases and 3,000 shared controls},
number = {7145},
pages = {661},
volume = {447},
year = {2007},
month = {Jun},
language = {en},
date-added = {2010-02-16 15:45:36 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-02-16 15:45:39 +0100},
doi = {doi:10.1038/nature05911},
URL = {http://www.nature.com/nature},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Burton-2007-Nature_Genome-wide%20associat.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p5769},
read = {Yes},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Thissen:2005p11591,
author = {D Thissen and M C Edwards},
journal = {NCME},
title = {Diagnostic Scores Augmented Using Multidimensional Item Response Theory: Preliminary Investigation of MCMC Strategies},
abstract = {The procedures for computing augmented subscores described by Wainer et al. (2001) may be thought of as a multi-stage estimation procedure for proficiency estimates within a special case of a multidimensional item response theory (MIRT) model, with as many dimensions as there are subscales. In this paper we describe steps toward a simultaneous (one-stage) estimation system for constrained MIRT models, using Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) approaches to obtain the item parameters and conventional IRT computation to produce scale scores that are augmented subscores. Such a system would provide, in a single integrated analysis, more efficient estimates of subscores for mutually exclusive sets of items (``independent clustering'') that are computed by the Wainer et al. (2001) procedure, as well as subscores for tests in which the assignment of items to subscales is not mutually exclusive (the latter has been referred to as ``multi-component mapping''). Combined with modification of a test's item specifications to include items that more specifically measure individual skills, and multi-component mapping, useful subscores (or ``skill scores'') may be computable from data obtained with tests very much like current large-scale assessments.},
year = {2005},
date-added = {2010-05-09 21:13:34 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-05-09 21:14:29 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Thissen-2005-NCME_Diagnostic%20Scores%20Au.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p11591},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Marlin:2009p12321,
author = {B M Marlin and M Schmidt and K P Murphy},
title = {Group Sparse Priors for Covariance Estimation},
abstract = {Recently it has become popular to learn sparse Gaussian graphical models (GGMs) by imposing l1 or group l1,2 penalties on the elements of the precision matrix. This penalized likelihood approach results in a tractable convex optimization problem. In this paper, we reinterpret these results as per- forming MAP estimation under a novel prior which we call the group l1 and l1,2 positive- definite matrix distributions. This enables us to build a hierarchical model in which the l1 regularization terms vary depending on which group the entries are assigned to, which in turn allows us to learn block struc- tured sparse GGMs with unknown group as- signments. Exact inference in this hierarchi- cal model is intractable, due to the need to compute the normalization constant of these matrix distributions. However, we derive up- per bounds on the partition functions, which lets us use fast variational inference (optimiz- ing a lower bound on the joint posterior). We show that on two real world data sets (mo- tion capture and financial data), our method which infers the block structure outperforms a method that uses a fixed block structure, which in turn outperforms baseline methods that ignore block structure.},
year = {2009},
date-added = {2010-06-12 09:39:18 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-06-12 09:40:33 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Marlin-2009-_Group%20Sparse%20Priors.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p12321},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Huppert:2009p12791,
author = {F A Huppert},
journal = {Perspectives on Psychological Science},
title = {A New Approach to Reducing Disorder and Improving Well-Being},
abstract = {Psychological science has usually approached the treatment of disorder through research on individual combinations of risk and protective factors (including life experiences, thinking styles, behaviors, social relationships and genes) and the application of interventions that focus on improvements in the individual. However, we can do better than this. Not only should we be aiming to enhance well- being rather than merely reducing disorder, but we should also be doing so for the majority of people rather than the few who have a disorder. In this article, I focus on the mental health spectrum and make the case for a broad population- based approach. I argue that a very small shift in the pop- ulation mean of the underlying symptoms or risk factors can do more to enhance well-being and reduce disorder than would any amount of intervention with individuals who need help. Examples from research on alcohol abuse and psy- chological distress are presented to illustrate the value of a population-based approach.},
number = {1},
pages = {108--111},
volume = {4},
year = {2009},
date-added = {2010-06-18 21:08:40 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-06-18 21:10:00 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Huppert-2009-Perspectives%20on%20Psychological%20Science_A%20New%20Approach%20to%20Re.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p12791},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Orme:1998p13239,
author = {B Orme},
title = {Sample Size Issues for Conjoint Analysis Studies},
year = {1998},
date-added = {2010-07-01 18:01:21 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-07-01 18:01:43 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Orme-1998-_Sample%20Size%20Issues%20f.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p13239},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Xie:2010p13228,
author = {Benhuai Xie and Wei Pan and Xiaotong Shen},
journal = {Bioinformatics},
title = {Penalized mixtures of factor analyzers with application to clustering high-dimensional microarray data},
abstract = {MOTIVATION: Model-based clustering has been widely used, e.g. in microarray data analysis. Since for high-dimensional data variable selection is necessary, several penalized model-based clustering methods have been proposed t{\o}realize simultaneous variable selection and clustering. However, the existing methods all assume that the variables are independent with the use of diagonal covariance matrices. RESULTS: To model non-independence of variables (e.g. correlated gene expressions) while alleviating the problem with the large number of unknown parameters associated with a general non-diagonal covariance matrix, we generalize the mixture of factor analyzers to that with penalization, which, among others, can effectively realize variable selection. We use simulated data and real microarray data to illustrate the utility and advantages of the proposed method over several existing ones.},
affiliation = {Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health and School of Statistics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.},
number = {4},
pages = {501--8},
volume = {26},
year = {2010},
month = {Feb},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Cluster Analysis, Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis, Computational Biology, Gene Expression Profiling},
date-added = {2010-07-01 17:23:20 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-07-01 17:23:26 +0200},
doi = {10.1093/bioinformatics/btp707},
pii = {btp707},
pmid = {20031967},
URL = {http://bioinformatics.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/full/26/4/501?view=long&pmid=20031967},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Xie-2010-Bioinformatics_Penalized%20mixtures%20o.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p13228},
rating = {5}
}

@article{Fodor:2002p2914,
author = {I K Fodor},
title = {A Survey of Dimension Reduction Techniques},
year = {2002},
date-added = {2010-01-13 21:43:45 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-13 21:44:17 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Fodor-2002-_A%20Survey%20of%20Dimensio.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p2914},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Bart:2010p5089,
author = {Orit Bart and Limor Rosenberg and Navah Z Ratzon and Tal Jarus},
journal = {Res Dev Disabil},
title = {Development and initial validation of the Performance Skills Questionnaire (PSQ)},
abstract = {The objectives of this study was to develop and test the psychometric properties of the Performance Skills Questionnaire (PSQ), addressed to measure performance skills of preschoolers, as reported by their parents. Participants included 231 children ranging in age from 4 to 6 years old, with mild to moderate developmental disabilities and 240 children without disabilities at same age range. Internal consistency, test-retest, construct validity, and divergent and convergent validity were assessed. The PSQ has shown good internal reliability, and temporal stability. Construct validity was supported by factor analysis which yielded 3 factors that explained almost 52% of the total variance. Significant differences were found between known groups. Convergent and divergent validity were supported by significant correlations with Visual-Motor Integration (VMI) test, and the Children Participation Questionnaire (CPQ). The PSQ is a unique tool that measures performance skills based on preschool children's everyday function. Results provide evidence in support of the PSQ as a reliable and psychometrically sound instrument.},
affiliation = {Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Professions, Sackler Faculty of medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv, Israel.},
number = {1},
pages = {46--56},
volume = {31},
year = {2010},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Male, Female, Mental Retardation, Developmental Disabilities, Cross-Sectional Studies, Humans, Child, Mass Screening, Psychometrics, Italy, Child: Preschool, Reproducibility of Results, Reference Values, Questionnaires, Comorbidity, Motor Skills Disorders, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity},
date-added = {2010-02-05 20:15:17 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-02-05 20:15:17 +0100},
doi = {10.1016/j.ridd.2009.07.021},
pii = {S0891-4222(09)00117-6},
pmid = {19709854},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p5089},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Senaratna:2008p4181,
author = {B C V Senaratna and H Perera and P Fonseka},
journal = {Ceylon Med J},
title = {Sinhala translation of child behaviour checklist: validity and reliability},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To translate the child behaviour checklist (CBCL) into Sinhala and validate it for assessment of mental health status of children aged 5-10 years. DESIGN AND SETTING: Translation/back-translation method was used to translate the English CBCL into Sinhala. Each item in the Sinhala CBCL (CBCL-S) was rated by mental health professionals to determine semantics, content, and conceptual validity types. To ascertain criterion validity, total scores obtained for CBCL-S by administering it to parents or parent surrogates of 49 girls and 80 boys aged 5-10 years attending the specialist psychiatry clinics and 69 boys and 69 girls in the same age group from the community were compared with clinical diagnoses by a child psychiatrist. Receiver operator characteristic curves were drawn to obtain the cut-off points in CBCL-S for boys and girls separately. RESULTS: Semantics, content, and conceptual and criterion validity of CBCL-S were satisfactory. At the cut-off level of 39, CBCL-S had a sensitivity of 90% and a specificity of 88% for boys and a sensitivity of 89% and a specificity of 92% for girls. Internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and inter-interviewer reliability of CBCL-S were satisfactory. INTERPRETATION: CBCL-S is a valid and reliable instrument to measure mental health status of Sinhalese children aged 5-10 years in Sri Lanka.},
affiliation = {Community Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura. chamaravs@yahoo.com},
number = {2},
pages = {40--4},
volume = {53},
year = {2008},
month = {Jun},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Sensitivity and Specificity, Child Behavior, Health Status Indicators, Child, Humans, Mental Health, Language},
date-added = {2010-01-21 07:49:24 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-21 07:49:24 +0100},
pmid = {18678120},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Senaratna-2008-Ceylon%20Med%20J_Sinhala%20translation.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p4181},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Carter:2007p2306,
author = {Nigel P Carter},
journal = {Nat Genet},
title = {Methods and strategies for analyzing copy number variation using DNA microarrays},
abstract = {The association of DNA copy-number variation (CNV) with specific gene function and human disease has been long known, but the wide scope and prevalence of this form of variation has only recently been fully appreciated. The latest studies using microarray technology have demonstrated that as much as 12% of the human genome and thousands of genes are variable in copy number, and this diversity is likely to be responsible for a significant proportion of normal phenotypic variation. Current challenges involve developing methods not only for detecting and cataloging CNVs in human populations at increasingly higher resolution but also for determining the association of CNVs with biological function, recent human evolution, and common and complex human disease.},
affiliation = {Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK. npc@sanger.ac.uk},
number = {7 Suppl},
pages = {S16--21},
volume = {39},
year = {2007},
month = {Jul},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Genotype, Nucleic Acid Hybridization, Genome: Human, Genetic Variation, Humans, Polymorphism: Single Nucleotide, Phenotype, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Cloning: Molecular, Chromosomes: Artificial: Bacterial, DNA: Complementary, Gene Dosage, Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis, Chromosomes: Human: Pair 18},
date-added = {2010-01-10 12:19:52 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-10 12:19:52 +0100},
doi = {10.1038/ng2028},
pii = {ng2028},
pmid = {17597776},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Carter-2007-Nat%20Genet_Methods%20and%20strategi.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p2306},
rating = {0}
}

@techreport{Stage:2003,
author = {C Stage},
journal = {Techreport},
title = {Classical Test Theory or Item Response Theory: The Swedish Experience},
affiliation = {Spanish by Centro de Estudios P{\'u}blicos},
year = {2003},
date-added = {2010-01-10 11:33:19 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-10 11:33:25 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Stage-2003-Techreport_Classical%20Test%20Theor.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p2105},
rating = {0}
}

@article{KorenKarie:2009p11021,
author = {Nina Koren-Karie and David Oppenheim and Smadar Dolev and Nurit Yirmiya},
journal = {J Child Psychol Psychiatry},
title = {Mothers of securely attached children with autism spectrum disorder are more sensitive than mothers of insecurely attached children},
abstract = {In the current study we examined the links between maternal sensitivity and children's secure attachment in a sample of 45 preschool-age boys with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). We hypothesized that mothers of securely attached children would be more sensitive to their children than mothers of insecurely attached children. Children's attachment was assessed using Ainsworth's Strange Situation Procedure (SSP; Ainsworth, Blehar, Waters, {\&} Wall, 1978). Mothers' sensitivity and children's responsiveness to their mothers were assessed using the Emotional Availability Scales (Biringen, Robinson, {\&} Emde, 1993). The findings supported our hypothesis: mothers of securely attached children were more sensitive to their children even when controlling for the severity of children's diagnosis (Autism Disorder vs. Pervasive Developmental Disorder - Not Otherwise Specified (PDD-NOS)), children's level of functioning (high vs. low), and children's levels of responsiveness. The significance of sensitivity for security of attachment in ASD and the implications of these findings for the validity of the SSP in children with ASD are discussed.},
affiliation = {Center for the Study of Child Development, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel. nkoren@psy.haifa.ac.il},
number = {5},
pages = {643--50},
volume = {50},
year = {2009},
month = {May},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Maternal Behavior, Male, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Questionnaires, Child: Preschool, Autistic Disorder, Object Attachment, Humans, Mother-Child Relations, Mothers, Reproducibility of Results},
date-added = {2010-04-14 13:36:36 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:32:47 +0200},
doi = {10.1111/j.1469-7610.2008.02043.x},
pii = {JCPP2043},
pmid = {19207630},
URL = {http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/121635363/abstract},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p11021},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Ledoit:2001p5622,
author = {O Ledoit and M Wolf},
title = {A Well-Conditioned Estimator For Large-Dimensional Covariance Matrices},
abstract = {Many applied problems require a covariance matrix estimator that is not only invertible, but also well-conditioned (that is, inverting it does not amplify estimation error). For large- dimensional covariance matrices, the usual estimator---the sample covariance matrix---is typically not well-conditioned and may not even be invertible. This paper introduces an estimator that is both well-conditioned and more accurate than the sample covariance matrix asymptotically. This estimator is distribution-free and has a simple explicit formula that is easy to compute and interpret. It is the asymptotically optimal convex linear combination of the sample covariance matrix with the identity matrix. Optimality is meant with respect to a quadratic loss function, asymptotically as the number of observations and the number of variables go to infinity together. Extensive Monte-Carlo confirm that the asymptotic results tend to hold well in finite sample.},
year = {2001},
date-added = {2010-02-12 20:17:11 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-02-12 20:17:51 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Ledoit-2001-_A%20Well-Conditioned%20E.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p5622},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Wagenmakers:2006p7180,
author = {Eric-Jan Wagenmakers and Peter Gr{\"u}nwald},
journal = {Psychol Sci},
title = {A Bayesian perspective on hypothesis testing: a comment on Killeen (2005)},
affiliation = {Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. ewagenmakers@fmg.uva.nl},
number = {7},
pages = {641-2; author reply 643--4},
volume = {17},
year = {2006},
month = {Jul},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Bayes Theorem, Humans, Data Interpretation: Statistical},
date-added = {2010-03-06 20:32:40 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:46:15 +0200},
doi = {10.1111/j.1467-9280.2006.01757.x},
pii = {PSCI1757},
pmid = {16866752},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Wagenmakers-2006-Psychol%20Sci_A%20Bayesian%20perspecti.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p7180},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Kipman:1999p1333,
author = {A Kipman and P Gorwood and M C Mouren-Sim{\'e}oni and J Ad{\`e}s},
journal = {Eur Psychiatry},
title = {Genetic factors in anorexia nervosa},
abstract = {Anorexia nervosa is a severe and complex disorder with incompletely known vulnerability factors. It is generally recognized that anorexia nervosa is a familial disorder, but the majority of twin studies have shown that the concordance rate for monozygotic twins is higher (on average 44%) than for dizygotic twins (on average 12.5%). This difference in concordance rates shows that genetic factors, more than common familial environment, may explain why the 'anorexia nervosa' phenotype runs in families. In order to estimate the heritability in the broad sense of anorexia nervosa according to published familial and twin studies, we first assessed the intrapair correlation between monozygotic and dizygotic twins, and secondly calculated the deviation threshold of relatives of affected probands from the relative mean. In this review, we obtained an estimation of the heritability at 0.72 according to all published controlled familial studies (six references quoted in MEDLINE(R)), and 0.71 for all published twin studies (59 references quoted in MEDLINE(R)). This estimation is close to the ones previously proposed, between 0. 5 and 0.8. Familial and twin studies may also help to define the boundaries of the phenotype, shedding light on the complex relationship between anorexia nervosa on the one hand, and bulimia nervosa, mood disorders, and alcoholism on the other. Demonstrating the importance of genetic factors in anorexia nervosa, and more specifically for anorexia of the restrictive type, requires not only prospective and adoption studies (which are still lacking), but also genetic polymorphisms analyses, which began very recently.},
affiliation = {Hospital Robert Debr{\'e}, Service de psychopathologie de l'enfant, Paris, France.},
number = {4},
pages = {189--98},
volume = {14},
year = {1999},
month = {Jul},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Models: Genetic, Humans, Anorexia Nervosa, Twins},
date-added = {2010-01-07 11:37:19 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-07 11:37:19 +0100},
pii = {S092493389980741X},
pmid = {10572347},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Kipman-1999-Eur%20Psychiatry_Genetic%20factors%20in%20a.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1333},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Ferguson:2009p4197,
author = {Christopher J Ferguson and Claudia San Miguel and Richard D Hartley},
journal = {J Pediatr},
title = {A multivariate analysis of youth violence and aggression: the influence of family, peers, depression, and media violence},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To examine the multivariate nature of risk factors for youth violence including delinquent peer associations, exposure to domestic violence in the home, family conflict, neighborhood stress, antisocial personality traits, depression level, and exposure to television and video game violence. STUDY DESIGN: A population of 603 predominantly Hispanic children (ages 10-14 years) and their parents or guardians responded to multiple behavioral measures. Outcomes included aggression and rule-breaking behavior on the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), as well as violent and nonviolent criminal activity and bullying behavior. RESULTS: Delinquent peer influences, antisocial personality traits, depression, and parents/guardians who use psychological abuse in intimate relationships were consistent risk factors for youth violence and aggression. Neighborhood quality, parental use of domestic violence in intimate relationships, and exposure to violent television or video games were not predictive of youth violence and aggression. CONCLUSION: Childhood depression, delinquent peer association, and parental use of psychological abuse may be particularly fruitful avenues for future prevention or intervention efforts.},
affiliation = {Texas A{\&}M International University, Laredo, TX 78045, USA. CJFerguson1111@aol.com},
number = {6},
pages = {904--908.e3},
volume = {155},
year = {2009},
month = {Dec},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Social Environment, Multivariate Analysis, Antisocial Personality Disorder, Aggression, Cohort Studies, Depressive Disorder, Male, Mass Media, Risk Factors, Female, Violence, Humans, Adolescent, Family Relations, Child, Peer Group, Hispanic Americans},
date-added = {2010-01-21 08:00:00 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-21 08:00:00 +0100},
doi = {10.1016/j.jpeds.2009.06.021},
pii = {S0022-3476(09)00576-9},
pmid = {19683724},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p4197},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Vandenbroucke:2009p9315,
author = {Jan P Vandenbroucke},
journal = {Journal of Clinical Epidemiology},
title = {STREGA, STROBE, STARD, SQUIRE, MOOSE, PRISMA, GNOSIS, TREND, ORION, COREQ, QUOROM, REMARK... and CONSORT: for whom does the guideline toll?},
affiliation = {Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands. j.p.vandenbroucke@lumc.nl},
number = {6},
pages = {594--6},
volume = {62},
year = {2009},
month = {Jun},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Periodicals as Topic, Data Interpretation: Statistical, Epidemiologic Studies, Editorial Policies, Guidelines as Topic, Abbreviations as Topic, Publishing, Humans},
date-added = {2010-03-22 13:42:44 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-03-22 13:42:44 +0100},
doi = {10.1016/j.jclinepi.2008.12.003},
pii = {S0895-4356(08)00354-5},
pmid = {19181482},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Vandenbroucke-2009-Journal%20of%20Clinical%20Epidemiology_STREGA%20STROBE%20STAR.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p9315},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Foster:2008p1700,
author = {E Michael Foster and Ariel Kalil},
journal = {Dev Psychol},
title = {New methods for new questions: obstacles and opportunities},
abstract = {Two forces motivate this special section, "New Methods for New Questions in Developmental Psychology." First are recent developments in social science methodology and the increasing availability of those methods in common software packages. Second, at the same time psychologists' understanding of developmental phenomena has continued to grow. At their best, these developments in theory and methods work in tandem, fueling each other. Newer methods make it possible for scientists to better test their ideas; better ideas lead methodologists to techniques that better reflect, capture, and quantify the underlying processes. The articles in this special section represent a sampling of these new methods and new questions. The authors describe common themes in these articles and identify barriers to future progress, such as the lack of data sharing by and analytical training for developmentalists.},
affiliation = {Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7445, USA. emfoster@unc.edu},
number = {2},
pages = {301--4},
volume = {44},
year = {2008},
month = {Mar},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Child, Psychometrics, Forecasting, Research, Software, Child Psychology, Humans, Mathematical Computing, Social Sciences, Data Interpretation: Statistical, Computer Simulation},
date-added = {2010-01-09 19:08:22 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-09 19:08:22 +0100},
doi = {10.1037/0012-1649.44.2.301},
pii = {2008-02379-001},
pmid = {18331123},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Foster-2008-Dev%20Psychol_New%20methods%20for%20new.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1700},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Woods:2009p490,
author = {Carol M Woods},
journal = {Multivariate Behavioral Research},
title = {Evaluation of MIMIC-Model Methods for DIF Testing With Comparison to Two-
Group Analysis},
abstract = {Differential item functioning (DIF) occurs when an item on a test or question- naire has different measurement properties for 1 group of people versus another, irrespective of mean differences on the construct. This study focuses on the use of multiple-indicator multiple-cause (MIMIC) structural equation models for DIF testing, parameterized as item response models. The accuracy of these methods, and the sample size requirements, are not well established. This study examines the accuracy of MIMIC methods for DIF testing when the focal group is small and compares results with those obtained using 2-group item response theory (IRT). Results support the utility of the MIMIC approach. With small focal- group samples, tests of uniform DIF with binary or 5-category ordinal responses were more accurate with MIMIC models than 2-group IRT. Recommendations are offered for the application of MIMIC methods for DIF testing.},
pages = {1--27},
volume = {44},
year = {2009},
date-added = {2010-01-03 12:50:50 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-03 12:52:32 +0100},
doi = {10.1080/00273170802620121},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Woods-2009-Multivariate%20Behavioral%20Research_Evaluation%20of%20MIMIC.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p490},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Zhang:2010p10035,
author = {Zhiwu Zhang and Elhan Ersoz and Chao-Qiang Lai and Rory J Todhunter and Hemant K Tiwari and Michael A Gore and Peter J Bradbury and Jianming Yu and Donna K Arnett and Jose M Ordovas and Edward S Buckler},
journal = {Nat Genet},
title = {Mixed linear model approach adapted for genome-wide association studies},
abstract = {Mixed linear model (MLM) methods have proven useful in controlling for population structure and relatedness within genome-wide association studies. However, MLM-based methods can be computationally challenging for large datasets. We report a compression approach, called 'compressed MLM', that decreases the effective sample size of such datasets by clustering individuals into groups. We also present a complementary approach, 'population parameters previously determined' (P3D), that eliminates the need to re-compute variance components. We applied these two methods both independently and combined in selected genetic association datasets from human, dog and maize. The joint implementation of these two methods markedly reduced computing time and either maintained or improved statistical power. We used simulations to demonstrate the usefulness in controlling for substructure in genetic association datasets for a range of species and genetic architectures. We have made these methods available within an implementation of the software program TASSEL.},
affiliation = {Institute for Genomic Diversity, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA.},
number = {4},
pages = {355--60},
volume = {42},
year = {2010},
month = {Apr},
language = {eng},
date-added = {2010-03-31 20:04:19 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-03-31 20:04:19 +0200},
doi = {10.1038/ng.546},
pii = {ng.546},
pmid = {20208535},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Zhang-2010-Nat%20Genet_Mixed%20linear%20model%20a.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p10035},
read = {Yes},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Smit:2006p5354,
author = {J Smit and C E van den Berg and L-G Bekker and S Seedat and D J Stein},
journal = {Afr Health Sci},
title = {Translation and cross-cultural adaptation of a mental health battery in an African setting},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Standardised measuring instruments are increasingly used in psychiatric research cross-culturally. These instruments are considered to be culturally equivalent when all forms of biases, or social norms specific to the culture of origin, have been removed. OBJECTIVES: To describe the qualitative process of selection, translation and cultural adaptation of a mental health battery for use in a Xhosa-speaking community that is, as far as possible, 'culture-free' or equivalent. METHOD: Informal discussions were held with key members in the community to determine what would be considered as appropriate for the community in respect of psychiatric screening instruments. Existing rating-scales for depression, alcohol abuse and posttraumatic stress disorder that would meet these criteria were identified and then translated from English into Xhosa. Cultural equivalence was achieved by combining methods of back-translation, committee consensus approach and decentering. Discussions during the committee consensus meetings were recorded and categorized into themes. Two themes emerged: (1) issues related to the attainment of semantic equivalence and (2) broader problems inherent in cross-cultural research. RESULTS: Issues related to individual questionnaires included the use of terms to describe emotional distress cross-culturally. Broader issues related to the translation process itself included the form of language to be used, time-frames, and the use of Likert-scales. It also demonstrated the problems inherent in the categorization of emotions. CONCLUSION: A method of combining a group approach, back-translation, and decentering was effective and efficient in this context for establishing content and semantic equivalence. Cross-cultural adaptation can never completely remove all forms of bias from a research instrument, but such limitations should be acknowledged and openly discussed, rather than hidden or ignored.},
affiliation = {MRC Unit on Anxiety and Stress Disorders, University of Stellenbosch, Cape Town, South Africa.},
number = {4},
pages = {215--22},
volume

repository: sergiud/bibtex-spirit

repo_name: sergiud/bibtex-spirit

gha_license_id: MIT