text:
= {{amineimanifar1979@gmail.com}},
Funding-Acknowledgement = {{United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health
   Inspection Service (USDA-APHIS)United States Department of Agriculture
   (USDA); Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services through
   the guidance of the Honey Bee Technical Council}},
Funding-Text = {{This project was supported through a cooperative agreement provided by
   the United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health
   Inspection Service (USDA-APHIS) and by the Florida Department of
   Agriculture and Consumer Services through the guidance of the Honey Bee
   Technical Council. The funders had no role in study design, data
   collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the
   manuscript.}},
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   2011, HONEYBEES ASIA, P1.}},
Number-of-Cited-References = {{61}},
Times-Cited = {{0}},
Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {{2}},
Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {{5}},
Journal-ISO = {{PeerJ}},
Doc-Delivery-Number = {{KA1EV}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:000505543000007}},
OA = {{DOAJ Gold, Green Published}},
DA = {{2020-11-05}},
}

@article{ ISI:000576271600005,
Author = {Zacepins, Aleksejs and Kviesis, Armands and Komasilovs, Vitalijs and
   Muhammad, Fakhri Rido},
Title = {{Monitoring System for Remote Bee Colony State Detection}},
Journal = {{BALTIC JOURNAL OF MODERN COMPUTING}},
Year = {{2020}},
Volume = {{8}},
Number = {{3}},
Pages = {{461-470}},
Abstract = {{Honeybees are the main pollinators for agricultural and horticultural
   plants. They help at least 30\% of the worlds crops and 90\% of the
   worlds wild plants to thrive via cross-pollination. To minimise the
   effect of on-site colony inspections application of Precision Beekeeping
   solutions are becoming increasingly frequent. Real time, remote
   monitoring of the colonies using ICT can help the beekeepers to detect
   abnormalities and identify states of the colony. For successful
   implementation of the Precision Beekeeping system development of the bee
   colony monitoring hardware solution and computer software for data
   collection and further analysis is needed. This paper describes authors
   developed bee colony monitoring system for the remote bee colony state
   detection. Bee colony weight together with temperature are the key
   metrics for state and behaviour analysis. Hardware of the developed
   monitoring system is based on the popular ESP8266 low-cost Wi-Fi
   microchip. Weight is measured using single point load cell with
   possibility to measure weight up to 200kg, which is enough for the bee
   colony measurements. Data transfer from the remote apiary is provided by
   the external 3G router. For data storage and analysis cloud-based data
   warehouse was developed. Collected data is accessible in the web system
   in real time. In addition, web tool for system power consumption and
   battery life evaluation was developed to assess monitoring system
   sustainability. Described monitoring system is developed within the
   Horizon 2020 project SAMS, which is funded by the European Union within
   the H2020-ICT-39-2016-2017 call.}},
Publisher = {{UNIV LATVIA}},
Address = {{RAINA BULVARIS 19, RIGA, LV-1586, LATVIA}},
Type = {{Article}},
Language = {{English}},
Affiliation = {{Zacepins, A (Corresponding Author), Latvia Univ Life Sci \& Technol, Dept Comp Syst, Fac Informat Technol, Liela Iela 2, LV-3001 Jelgava, Latvia.
   Zacepins, Aleksejs; Kviesis, Armands; Komasilovs, Vitalijs, Latvia Univ Life Sci \& Technol, Dept Comp Syst, Fac Informat Technol, Liela Iela 2, LV-3001 Jelgava, Latvia.
   Muhammad, Fakhri Rido, CV Primary Indonesia, Bandung, Indonesia.}},
DOI = {{10.22364/bjmc.2020.8.3.05}},
ISSN = {{2255-8942}},
EISSN = {{2255-8950}},
Keywords = {{Precision Beekeeping; Precision Apiculture; bee colony monitoring; bee
   colony weight measurements; SAMS project}},
Keywords-Plus = {{IMPLEMENTATION}},
Research-Areas = {{Computer Science}},
Web-of-Science-Categories  = {{Computer Science, Software Engineering}},
Author-Email = {{aleksejs.zacepins@llu.lv
   armands.kviesis@llu.lv
   vitalijs.komasilovs@llu.lv
   fakhriridomuhammad@gmail.com}},
Funding-Acknowledgement = {{Horizon 2020 Project SAMS `Smart Apiculture Management Services';
   Horizon 2020 European Union Research and Innovation Framework {[}780755
   - SAMS]}},
Funding-Text = {{Scientific research, publication and presentation are supported by the
   Horizon 2020 Project SAMS `Smart Apiculture Management Services'. This
   project receives funding from the Horizon 2020 European Union Research
   and Innovation Framework under Grant Agreement Nr.780755 - SAMS.}},
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   Zgank A, 2020, SENSORS-BASEL, V20, DOI 10.3390/s20010021.}},
Number-of-Cited-References = {{23}},
Times-Cited = {{0}},
Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {{1}},
Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {{1}},
Journal-ISO = {{Balt. J. Mod. Comput.}},
Doc-Delivery-Number = {{NY3CH}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:000576271600005}},
OA = {{DOAJ Gold}},
DA = {{2020-11-05}},
}

@article{ ISI:000563109500001,
Author = {Salvarrey, S. and Santos, E. and Arbulo, N. and Gimenez, G. and
   Invernizzi, C.},
Title = {{Characteristics of the tomato fruit (Solanum lycopersicum) using native
   bumblebees (Bombus atratus) as pollinators in greenhouse}},
Journal = {{AGROCIENCIA-URUGUAY}},
Year = {{2020}},
Volume = {{24}},
Number = {{1}},
Abstract = {{In Uruguay, the production of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) in
   greenhouse presents pollination issues that limit its yield. The use of
   bumblebees (Bombus spp.) as pollinators can help overcome this problem
   as they perform ``buzzing pollination{''}, a behavior that makes them
   excellent pollinators of Solanaceae and particularly tomato. The aim of
   this study was to evaluate the effect of the native bumblebees Bombus
   atratus on the proportion of fruit set, weight, diameter, number of
   seeds and number of locules of tomato (LAPATAIA and ELPIDA varieties).
   An experience was carried out in Canelones, where the fruits from
   flowers pollinated by bumblebees and from flowers not visited by insects
   were compared; two other experiences carried out in Salto were similar
   to that of Canelones, but included flowers treated with hormones. In the
   three analyzed greenhouses the visit of bumblebees to the flowers
   increased the proportion of fruit set by 13 - 47\%, compared to the
   result obtained in flowers not visited by the insects. Also, the
   pollinating action of bumblebees significantly improved the weight,
   size, and number of seeds compared to fruits obtained from flowers
   without access to pollinators. This improvement was recorded in the
   experience in Canelones and only in one of the Salto's experiences. On
   the other hand, a positive correlation was found between the number of
   seeds and the weight (R-2 = 0.37, R-2 = 0.53; LAPATAIA, ELPIDA,
   respectively) in the two tomato varieties. This study is the first in
   Uruguay to show the benefits of using native bumblebees in tomato
   production in greenhouses.}},
Publisher = {{UNIV REPUBLICA, FAC AGRONOMIA}},
Address = {{AV G GARZON, 780, MONTEVIDEO, 12908, URUGUAY}},
Type = {{Article}},
Language = {{English}},
Affiliation = {{Salvarrey, S (Corresponding Author), Univ Republica, Fac Ciencias, Montevideo, Uruguay.
   Salvarrey, S.; Santos, E.; Invernizzi, C., Univ Republica, Fac Ciencias, Montevideo, Uruguay.
   Arbulo, N., Univ Republ, Ctr Univ Reg Este, Rocha, Uruguay.
   Gimenez, G., Inst Nacl Invest Agr, Canelones, Uruguay.}},
DOI = {{10.31285/AGRO.24.101}},
Article-Number = {{101}},
ISSN = {{1510-0839}},
EISSN = {{2301-1548}},
Keywords = {{pollination; Bombus spp; tomato; Uruguay}},
Keywords-Plus = {{BEE HYMENOPTERA; APIDAE}},
Research-Areas = {{Agriculture}},
Web-of-Science-Categories  = {{Agronomy}},
Author-Email = {{ssalvarrey@fcien.edu.uy}},
Funding-Acknowledgement = {{Comision Sectorial de Investigacion Cientifica (CSIC)Consejo Superior de
   Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC)}},
Funding-Text = {{To the Comision Sectorial de Investigacion Cientifica (CSIC) for funding
   this study. To the Asociacion Fomento de Pequenos y Medianos Productores
   from Villa Nueva, who participated as counterpart of the project. To
   Jose Guarino and Andres Gutierrez, for allowing us to work in their
   greenhouses. To Gonzalo Eguilior, for his collaboration during field
   work. To Luis Salvarrey, for his advice on statistical analyzes.}},
Cited-References = {{Aldana Johanna, 2007, Agron. colomb., V25, P62.
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Number-of-Cited-References = {{34}},
Times-Cited = {{0}},
Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {{2}},
Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {{2}},
Journal-ISO = {{Agrocienc.-Urug.}},
Doc-Delivery-Number = {{NF2DA}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:000563109500001}},
OA = {{DOAJ Gold}},
DA = {{2020-11-05}},
}

@article{ ISI:000541428600001,
Author = {Graf, Leticia Vanessa and Zenni, Rafael Dudeque and Goncalves, Rodrigo
   Barbosa},
Title = {{Ecological impact and population status of non-native bees in a
   Brazilian urban environment}},
Journal = {{REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE ENTOMOLOGIA}},
Year = {{2020}},
Volume = {{64}},
Number = {{2}},
Abstract = {{The introduction of species is an important global threat to native
   ecosystems and yet little is known about invasion risks of non-native
   bees. Moreover, urbanization is increasing rapidly around the world with
   impact on the bee fauna. The city of Curitiba (Brazil) could be
   considered a model system for studies under this scope, with historical
   samplings and monitoring programs since the 1940s. This paper aims to
   quantify the current ecological impact of the non-native bee species
   present in Curitiba by using an integrative measure of impact and to
   define their current population status by classifying them into a
   unified framework for biological invasions. Ten sites were actively
   sampled in the metropolitan area of Curitiba during ten months. In
   addition to Apis mellifera Linnaeus, 1758, we found two others
   non-native species, Anthidium manicatum (Linnaeus, 1758) and Melipona
   scutellaris Latreille, 1811. None of them changed the native bee
   community structure, but they got different values of impact due to
   their ranges and abundances. While the honeybee is a known invasive
   species, A. manicatum was also considered invasive and has persisted in
   the city since the 1940s, interacting with the non-native plant Leonurus
   japonicus Houtt. M. scutellaris, a cultivated stingless bee species, had
   its first record for the city and fits the casual non-native category.
   We suggest monitoring the non-native bee species and actions centered on
   beekeepers to avoid future illegal introductions. The honey production
   or hobby interest on stingless bees can offer additional obstacles for
   species conservation when decoupled of scientific knowledge.}},
Publisher = {{SOC BRASILEIRA ENTOMOLOGIA}},
Address = {{CAIXA POSTAL 19030, CURITIBA, PR 81531-980, BRAZIL}},
Type = {{Article}},
Language = {{English}},
Affiliation = {{Graf, LV (Corresponding Author), Univ Fed Parana, Dept Zool, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil.
   Graf, Leticia Vanessa; Goncalves, Rodrigo Barbosa, Univ Fed Parana, Dept Zool, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil.
   Zenni, Rafael Dudeque, Univ Fed Lavras, Dept Biol, Lavras, MG, Brazil.}},
DOI = {{10.1590/1806-9665-RBENT-2020-0006}},
Article-Number = {{UNSP e20200006}},
ISSN = {{0085-5626}},
EISSN = {{1806-9665}},
Keywords = {{Apidae; Apoidea; Invasion; Meliponiculture; Pollinator}},
Keywords-Plus = {{LINNAEUS HYMENOPTERA-MEGACHILIDAE; MELIPONA-SCUTELLARIS LATREILLE;
   ANTHIDIUM-MANICATUM; APIS-MELLIFERA; NATIVE BEES; HONEY-BEE; APIDAE;
   HYBRIDIZATION; FRAMEWORK; INVASION}},
Research-Areas = {{Entomology}},
Web-of-Science-Categories  = {{Entomology}},
Author-Email = {{leticiagraf@yahoo.com.br}},
ResearcherID-Numbers = {{Graf, Leticia/D-1037-2019
   }},
ORCID-Numbers = {{Graf, Leticia/0000-0001-7460-6716
   Zenni, Rafael/0000-0002-4315-7986}},
Funding-Acknowledgement = {{Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e TecnologicoNational
   Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq)
   {[}142068/2016-0]}},
Funding-Text = {{This study was funded by the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento
   Cientifico e Tecnologico (grant number 142068/2016-0).}},
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Number-of-Cited-References = {{64}},
Times-Cited = {{0}},
Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {{0}},
Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {{0}},
Journal-ISO = {{Rev. Bras. Entomol.}},
Doc-Delivery-Number = {{LZ7UU}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:000541428600001}},
OA = {{DOAJ Gold}},
DA = {{2020-11-05}},
}

@article{ ISI:000533501000002,
Author = {Ayre, Bronwyn M. and Roberts, David G. and Phillips, Ryan D. and Hopper,
   Stephen D. and Krauss, Siegfried L.},
Title = {{Effectiveness of native nectar-feeding birds and the introduced Apis
   mellifera as pollinators of the kangaroo paw, Anigozanthos manglesii
   (Haemodoraceae)}},
Journal = {{AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY}},
Year = {{2020}},
Volume = {{68}},
Number = {{1}},
Pages = {{14-25}},
Abstract = {{Plants pollinated by vertebrates are often visited by native and exotic
   insects foraging for pollen and nectar. We compared flower visitation
   rates, foraging behaviour, and the contribution to reproduction of
   nectar-feeding birds and the introduced honeybee Apis mellifera in four
   populations of the bird-pollinated Anigozanthos manglesii
   (Haemodoraceae). The behaviour of floral visitors was quantified with
   direct observations and motion-triggered and hand-held cameras.
   Pollinator access to flowers was manipulated by enclosure in netting to
   either exclude all visitors or to exclude vertebrate visitors only. Apis
   mellifera was the only insect observed visiting flowers, and the most
   frequent flower visitor, but primarily acted as a pollen thief. Although
   birds visited A. manglesii plants only once per week on average, they
   were 3.5 times more likely to contact the anther or stigma as foraging
   honeybees. Exclusion of birds resulted in 67\% fewer fruits and 81\%
   fewer seeds than flowers left open and unmanipulated. Unnetted flowers
   that were open to bird and insect pollinators showed pollen-limitation
   and a large variation in reproductive output within and between sites.
   Although honeybees have been shown to pollinate other Australian plants,
   compared to birds, they are highly inefficient pollinators of A.
   manglesii.}},
Publisher = {{CSIRO PUBLISHING}},
Address = {{UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC
   3168, AUSTRALIA}},
Type = {{Article}},
Language = {{English}},
Affiliation = {{Ayre, BM (Corresponding Author), Univ Western Australia, Sch Biol Sci, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawely, WA 6009, Australia.
   Ayre, BM (Corresponding Author), Kings Pk Sci, Dept Biodivers Conservat \& Attract, 2 Kattidj Close, Kings Pk, WA 6005, Australia.
   Ayre, Bronwyn M.; Krauss, Siegfried L., Univ Western Australia, Sch Biol Sci, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawely, WA 6009, Australia.
   Ayre, Bronwyn M.; Roberts, David G.; Phillips, Ryan D.; Krauss, Siegfried L., Kings Pk Sci, Dept Biodivers Conservat \& Attract, 2 Kattidj Close, Kings Pk, WA 6005, Australia.
   Phillips, Ryan D., La Trobe Univ, Dept Ecol Environm \& Evolut, Melbourne, Vic 3086, Australia.
   Phillips, Ryan D., Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Biol, Ecol \& Evolut, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia.
   Roberts, David G.; Hopper, Stephen D., Univ Western Australia, Sch Agr \& Environm, Ctr Excellence Nat Resource Management, 35 Stirling Terrace, Albany, WA 6330, Australia.}},
DOI = {{10.1071/BT19097}},
ISSN = {{0067-1924}},
EISSN = {{1444-9862}},
Keywords = {{bird pollination; honeybee; pollinator exclusion; pollen limitation;
   pollen-thief}},
Keywords-Plus = {{HUMMINGBIRD POLLINATION; PLANT REPRODUCTION; POLLEN LIMITATION; KINGS
   PARK; FRUIT-SET; HONEYBEES; ECOLOGY; PERTH; BEE; EVOLUTIONARY}},
Research-Areas = {{Plant Sciences}},
Web-of-Science-Categories  = {{Plant Sciences}},
Author-Email = {{bronwyn.ayre@research.uwa.edu.au}},
ResearcherID-Numbers = {{Ayre, Bronwyn/I-6410-2019
   Hopper, Stephen/G-4222-2012}},
ORCID-Numbers = {{Ayre, Bronwyn/0000-0001-7553-3491
   Hopper, Stephen/0000-0002-0364-2856}},
Funding-Acknowledgement = {{Australian Research CouncilAustralian Research Council {[}DP 140103357];
   Holsworth Wildlife Research Endowment Equity Trustees Charitable
   Foundation; Australian Government Research Training Program
   ScholarshipAustralian GovernmentDepartment of Industry, Innovation and
   Science; Great Southern Development Commission {[}DP 140103357]; Jack
   Family Trust {[}DP 140103357]}},
Funding-Text = {{This work was supported by an Australian Research Council Discovery
   Grant to S. D. Hopper, S. L. Krauss and R. D. Phillips (DP 140103357),
   and a Holsworth Wildlife Research Endowment Equity Trustees Charitable
   Foundation grant to B. M. Ayre. B. M. Ayre was supported by an
   Australian Government Research Training Program Scholarship, and S. D.
   Hopper was supported by a Discovery Outstanding Researcher Award (DP
   140103357), grants from the Great Southern Development Commission and
   Jack Family Trust.}},
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Number-of-Cited-References = {{94}},
Times-Cited = {{0}},
Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {{6}},
Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {{6}},
Journal-ISO = {{Aust. J. Bot.}},
Doc-Delivery-Number = {{LO3AH}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:000533501000002}},
DA = {{2020-11-05}},
}

@article{ ISI:000533501000003,
Author = {Eakin-Busher, E. L. and Ladd, P. G. and Fontaine, J. B. and Standish, R.
   J.},
Title = {{Mating strategies dictate the importance of insect visits to native
   plants in urban fragments}},
Journal = {{AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY}},
Year = {{2020}},
Volume = {{68}},
Number = {{1}},
Pages = {{26-36}},
Abstract = {{Plant species conservation relies on their reproductive success and
   likelihood of population persistence. Knowledge of plant mating systems,
   particularly the relationship between plants and their pollinators, is
   fundamental to inform conservation efforts. This knowledge could be
   critical for prioritising efforts in human-dominated fragmented
   landscapes such as the world's biodiversity hotspots, where reproductive
   success can be compromised due to habitat loss, limited access to
   pollinators or other factors. Yet, fundamental data on plant mating
   systems are lacking for many Australian plants. Here we determined the
   mating systems of native plant species growing in native woodland
   fragments within Perth's urban landscape in south-western Australia. We
   manipulated insect access to flowers and pollen transfer on five locally
   common native species, then observed floral visitors and examined
   reproductive success. Hemiandra pungens and Patersonia occidentalis had
   mixed mating systems with some ability to self-pollinate, whereas
   Dianella revoluta and Jacksonia sericea were reliant on insects for
   outcross pollination. The fruits and seeds produced by Tricoryne elatior
   were too low to draw conclusions about its mating system. The introduced
   honey bee (Apis mellifera) was the sole visitor to the mixed mating
   species, whereas native bees visited D. revoluta and J. sericea (one bee
   species each). Overall, our data suggest that D. revoluta and J. sericea
   are more vulnerable to fragmentation than H. pungens and P.
   occidentalis. Although insects contributed significantly to the
   reproductive output of the two former plant species, our observations
   suggested low frequency and richness of insect visitors to these urban
   fragments. More research is required to determine the generality of our
   findings. A comparative study in larger native woodland fragments would
   help estimate the effect of fragmentation on insect pollinators and
   consequences for the insect-reliant plant species.}},
Publisher = {{CSIRO PUBLISHING}},
Address = {{UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC
   3168, AUSTRALIA}},
Type = {{Article}},
Language = {{English}},
Affiliation = {{Eakin-Busher, EL (Corresponding Author), Murdoch Univ, Environm \& Conservat Sci, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia.
   Eakin-Busher, E. L.; Ladd, P. G.; Fontaine, J. B.; Standish, R. J., Murdoch Univ, Environm \& Conservat Sci, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia.}},
DOI = {{10.1071/BT19122}},
ISSN = {{0067-1924}},
EISSN = {{1444-9862}},
Keywords = {{floral visitors; mating systems; plant breeding systems; pollination
   ecology; pollinators; urban ecology}},
Keywords-Plus = {{HABITAT FRAGMENTATION; REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS; FRUIT-SET; POLLEN;
   POLLINATION; LANDSCAPE; ECOLOGY; BUZZ; SUSCEPTIBILITY; LEGUMINOSAE}},
Research-Areas = {{Plant Sciences}},
Web-of-Science-Categories  = {{Plant Sciences}},
Author-Email = {{e.eakin-busher@murdoch.edu.au}},
ORCID-Numbers = {{ladd, philip/0000-0002-7730-9685}},
Funding-Acknowledgement = {{Australian Government Research Training Program (RTP) Scholarship and
   Environmental and Conservation Sciences at Murdoch University}},
Funding-Text = {{E. Eakin-Busher was supported by an Australian Government Research
   Training Program (RTP) Scholarship and Environmental and Conservation
   Sciences at Murdoch University.}},
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Number-of-Cited-References = {{48}},
Times-Cited = {{0}},
Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {{3}},
Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {{3}},
Journal-ISO = {{Aust. J. Bot.}},
Doc-Delivery-Number = {{LO3AH}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:000533501000003}},
DA = {{2020-11-05}},
}

@article{ ISI:000531551400009,
Author = {Menail, Ahmed H. and Boutefnouchet-Bouchema, Wided F. and Haddad, Nizar
   and Taning, Clauvis N. T. and Smagghe, Guy and Loucif-Ayad, Wahida},
Title = {{Effects of thiamethoxam and spinosad on the survival and hypopharyngeal
   glands of the African honey bee (Apis mellifera intermissa)}},
Journal = {{ENTOMOLOGIA GENERALIS}},
Year = {{2020}},
Volume = {{40}},
Number = {{2}},
Pages = {{207-215}},
Abstract = {{Insecticides can affect development and survival of non-target and
   beneficial arthropods like honey bees (Apis mellifera L.). Thiamethoxam
   and spinosad are widely used as pesticides in agriculture but they have
   become an important concern for beekeepers and researchers focusing on
   bee health; multiple reports stressed adverse effects on bees, notably
   on honey bees. The present study aims to evaluate the impact of these
   two insecticides on the development of the HPGs and on the survival of
   Apis mellifera intermissa a native African subspecies of honey bee
   present in Algeria. Newly emerged workers were acutely and chronically
   exposed to thiamethoxam and spinosad through sugar syrup and pollen
   pastry. The effects of these insecticides were assessed by measuring the
   size of HPGs acini and the total head protein content. The survival of
   the workers was also evaluated over 60 days when they were chronically
   exposed to the insecticides at concentrations corresponding to LC25 and
   LC10. We found that the insecticide-treated workers, after both acute
   and chronic exposure, exhibited smaller and irregularly shaped HPG
   acini. The total head protein content also decreased in treated
   individuals with the two concentrations of insecticides at day 6 and 9
   compared to the respective controls. While the control group exhibited
   an LC25 (i.e. the time needed to kill 50\% of the tested workers) of 22
   days, the LC25 was only 3 days for the workers exposed to the LC25 of
   spinosad and all workers were dead at day 17. In contrast, thiamethoxam
   exposure at LC25 had no significant detrimental effect on honey bee
   survival. This study demonstrated the toxicity of thiamethoxam and
   spinosad to workers of A. mellifera intermissa and highlighted potential
   detrimental effects of the bioinsecticide spinosad on HPGs and survival
   of the bee workers.}},
Publisher = {{E SCHWEIZERBARTSCHE VERLAGSBUCHHANDLUNG}},
Address = {{NAEGELE U OBERMILLER, SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, JOHANNESSTRASSE 3A, D 70176
   STUTTGART, GERMANY}},
Type = {{Article}},
Language = {{English}},
Affiliation = {{Loucif-Ayad, W (Corresponding Author), Badji Mokhtar Univ, Fac Sci, Lab Appl Anim Biol, BP12, Annaba, Algeria.
   Loucif-Ayad, W (Corresponding Author), Badji Mokhtar Univ, Fac Med, Annaba, Algeria.
   Menail, Ahmed H.; Boutefnouchet-Bouchema, Wided F.; Loucif-Ayad, Wahida, Badji Mokhtar Univ, Fac Sci, Lab Appl Anim Biol, BP12, Annaba, Algeria.
   Haddad, Nizar, Natl Agr Res Ctr, Bee Res Dept, POB 639, Baqa 19381, Jordan.
   Taning, Clauvis N. T.; Smagghe, Guy, Univ Ghent, Fac Biosci Engn, Dept Plants \& Crops, Coupure Links 653, Ghent 9000, Belgium.
   Loucif-Ayad, Wahida, Badji Mokhtar Univ, Fac Med, Annaba, Algeria.}},
DOI = {{10.1127/entomologia/2020/0796}},
ISSN = {{0171-8177}},
EISSN = {{2363-7102}},
Keywords = {{Thiamethoxam; spinosad; Apis mellifera intermissa; toxicity;
   hypopharyngeal glands development; honey bee}},
Keywords-Plus = {{PROTEIN-CONTENT; INSECTICIDES; TOXICITY; NEONICOTINOIDS; PESTICIDES;
   GENOME}},
Research-Areas = {{Entomology}},
Web-of-Science-Categories  = {{Entomology}},
Author-Email = {{wahloucif@yahoo.fr}},
Funding-Acknowledgement = {{National Fund for Scientific Research of Algeria (Laboratory of Applied
   Animal Biology); Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research of
   Algeria (CNEPRU project) {[}F01120110097]}},
Funding-Text = {{This research was supported by the National Fund for Scientific Research
   of Algeria (Laboratory of Applied Animal Biology) and by the Ministry of
   Higher Education and Scientific Research of Algeria (CNEPRU project
   F01120110097 to Prof. W. Loucif-Ayad).}},
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Number-of-Cited-References = {{55}},
Times-Cited = {{0}},
Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {{8}},
Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {{8}},
Journal-ISO = {{Entomol. Gen.}},
Doc-Delivery-Number = {{LL4UF}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:000531551400009}},
DA = {{2020-11-05}},
}

@article{ ISI:000530752000010,
Author = {Carabali-Banguero, Diana and Montoya-Lerma, James and Carabali-Munoz,
   Arturo},
Title = {{Pollen loads on entomofauna visiting flowers of Persea americana
   (Lauraceae) cv. Hass}},
Journal = {{CALDASIA}},
Year = {{2020}},
Volume = {{42}},
Number = {{1}},
Pages = {{105-114}},
Month = {{JAN-JUN}},
Abstract = {{The analysis of the pollen loads of the floral visiting insects of the
   Hass avocado is a method that allows to determine the importance of the
   insect species in management plans of the pollination of the crop and to
   reveal the use of habitat and importance of the flora in sustaining the
   visitor species. This study was aimed to identify, through a pollen
   analysis in insects, the most frequent flower visitors of the plant. The
   study was conducted in two orchards of Cauca, for two flowering periods.
   Manually floral insect visitors were collected, and the pollen samples
   were obtained from their bodies. Pollen load of the five most common
   species was removed during sampling. The palynological analysis showed
   that floral visitors do not limit their visit to a specific resource
   such as Hass avocado pollen, but use different species in the
   agroecosystem and surroundings. The insects carry pollen from 18
   botanical families; Bidens pilosa, Tridax procumbens, Emilia fosbergii,
   Brachiaria sp., and Mikania sp. were the most important pollinating
   flora. The study reveals the importance of preserving the diversity of
   species that with their pollen load guarantee the optimal pollination of
   the flowers.}},
Publisher = {{INST CIENCIAS NATURALES, MUSEO HISTORIA NATURAL}},
Address = {{FAC CIENCIAS, UNIV NACIONAL COLOMBIA, APARTADO 7495, BOGOTA, 00000,
   COLOMBIA}},
Type = {{Article}},
Language = {{Spanish}},
Affiliation = {{Carabali-Banguero, D (Corresponding Author), Univ Valle, Fac Ciencias Nat \& Exactas, Dept Biol, Calle 13 100-00,Ed 320,Apartado Aereo 25360, Cali, Colombia.
   Carabali-Banguero, Diana; Montoya-Lerma, James, Univ Valle, Fac Ciencias Nat \& Exactas, Dept Biol, Calle 13 100-00,Ed 320,Apartado Aereo 25360, Cali, Colombia.
   Carabali-Munoz, Arturo, Corp Colombiana Invest Agr Agrosavia, Ctr Invest Palmira, Apartado Aereo 1301, Palmira, Colombia.}},
DOI = {{10.15446/caldasia.v42n1.77136}},
ISSN = {{0366-5232}},
EISSN = {{2357-3759}},
Keywords = {{Apis mellifera; pollen; weed plants; wild pollinators}},
Keywords-Plus = {{APIS-MELLIFERA; POLLINATORS; MANAGEMENT; DIVERSITY; BEHAVIOR; PLANTS}},
Research-Areas = {{Plant Sciences; Science \& Technology - Other Topics; Zoology}},
Web-of-Science-Categories  = {{Plant Sciences; Multidisciplinary Sciences; Zoology}},
Author-Email = {{dianajohana16@hotmail.com
   james.montoya@correounivalle.edu.co
   acarabali@agrosavia.co}},
ORCID-Numbers = {{Montoya-Lerma, James/0000-0003-2122-1323
   CARABALI BANGUERO, DIANA JOHANA/0000-0001-5383-4357}},
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Number-of-Cited-References = {{31}},
Times-Cited = {{0}},
Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {{1}},
Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {{1}},
Journal-ISO = {{Caldasia}},
Doc-Delivery-Number = {{LK3HF}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:000530752000010}},
OA = {{DOAJ Gold}},
DA = {{2020-11-05}},
}

@article{ ISI:000528910500002,
Author = {Bisui, Sourabh and Layek, Ujjwal and Karmakar, Prakash},
Title = {{Utilization of Indian Dammar Bee (Tetragonula iridipennis Smith) as a
   Pollinator of Bitter Gourd}},
Journal = {{ACTA AGROBOTANICA}},
Year = {{2020}},
Volume = {{73}},
Number = {{1}},
Abstract = {{An experiment was conducted to determine the pollination deficit in
   bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.) and the effect of the use of
   Indian dammar bee as pollinator on the yield. Diverse native visitors
   were recorded during the blooming period. Among those honeybees,
   stingless bee, solitary bees, and butterflies are legitimate visitors;
   all of them showed a selective preference for male flowers (flower sex
   type selection index ranged from 0.41 to 0.62). The plant species showed
   a pollination deficit in nature (coefficient of pollination deficit, D =
   0.20), resulting in low fruit set in an open-pollination system.
   However, the value was significantly increased by the supplementary
   pollination services of a managed dammar bee colony. Furthermore, the
   quality of the fruits also improved in hand-pollinated and managed
   bee-pollinated systems in comparison to an open pollination system.
   Therefore, it is generally recommended that farmers use Indian dammar
   bee colonies in their agricultural land to increase the quantity and
   quality of the yield of bitter gourd.}},
Publisher = {{POLSKIE TOWARZYSTWO BOTANICZNE}},
Address = {{AL UJAZDOWSKIE 4, 00-478 WARSAW, POLAND}},
Type = {{Article}},
Language = {{English}},
Affiliation = {{Karmakar, P (Corresponding Author), Vidyasagar Univ, Dept Bot \& Forestry, Midnapore 721102, India.
   Bisui, Sourabh; Karmakar, Prakash, Vidyasagar Univ, Dept Bot \& Forestry, Midnapore 721102, India.
   Layek, Ujjwal, Rampurhat Coll, Dept Bot, Birbhum 731224, India.}},
DOI = {{10.5586/aa.7316}},
Article-Number = {{7316}},
ISSN = {{0065-0951}},
EISSN = {{2300-357X}},
Keywords = {{crop yield; legitimate visitors; Momordica charantia; pollinators;
   stingless bee}},
Keywords-Plus = {{MOMORDICA-CHARANTIA; STINGLESS BEE; WEST-BENGAL}},
Research-Areas = {{Agriculture; Plant Sciences}},
Web-of-Science-Categories  = {{Agronomy; Plant Sciences}},
Author-Email = {{karmakar\_p@yahoo.com}},
ORCID-Numbers = {{Layek, Ujjwal/0000-0002-3169-1559}},
Funding-Acknowledgement = {{UGCUniversity Grants Commission, India
   {[}F1-17.1/2013-14/RGNF-2013-14-SC-WES41832/(SA-III/Website)]}},
Funding-Text = {{The first author is thankful to UGC for granting the Rajiv Gandhi
   National Fellowship
   (F1-17.1/2013-14/RGNF-2013-14-SC-WES41832/(SA-III/Website).}},
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Number-of-Cited-References = {{22}},
Times-Cited = {{0}},
Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {{1}},
Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {{1}},
Journal-ISO = {{Acta Agrobot.}},
Doc-Delivery-Number = {{LH6QX}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:000528910500002}},
OA = {{DOAJ Gold}},
DA = {{2020-11-05}},
}

@article{ ISI:000518695100009,
Author = {Ekroos, Johan and Kleijn, David and Batary, Peter and Albrecht, Matthias
   and Baldi, Andras and Bluethgen, Nico and Knop, Eva and
   Kovacs-Hostyanszki, Aniko and Smith, Henrik G.},
Title = {{High land-use intensity in grasslands constrains wild bee species
   richness in Europe}},
Journal = {{BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION}},
Year = {{2020}},
Volume = {{241}},
Month = {{JAN}},
Abstract = {{There is widespread concern regarding declines in bee populations given
   their importance for the functioning of both natural and managed
   ecosystems. An increasing number of studies find negative relations
   between bee species richness and simplification of agricultural
   landscapes, but the role of land-use intensity and its relative
   importance compared to landscape simplification remain less clear. We
   compared the relative effects of nitrogen inputs, as a proxy for
   land-use intensity, and proportion of natural and semi-natural habitat,
   as a measure of landscape complexity on total bee species richness, rare
   species richness and dominant crop-visiting species richness. We used
   data from 282 grasslands across five countries, covering the entire
   range of low intensity, no-input systems, to high-input sites (> 400 kg
   N/ha/year). We found consistent negative impacts of increasing land-use
   intensity at a regional scale on total bee species richness and dominant
   crop-visiting species across Europe, but no such effects of landscape
   complexity. In contrast, the richness of rare bee species was not
   significantly related to increasing land-use intensity. Nevertheless,
   based on species accumulation curves, grasslands with no nitrogen inputs
   had higher total bee richness and higher shares of rare species compared
   with sites with high nitrogen inputs (> 125 kg N/ha/year). Our results
   highlight the importance of retaining grasslands characterised by low
   land-use intensity across agricultural landscapes to promote bee
   diversity.}},
Publisher = {{ELSEVIER SCI LTD}},
Address = {{THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND}},
Type = {{Article}},
Language = {{English}},
Affiliation = {{Ekroos, J (Corresponding Author), Lund Univ, Ctr Environm \& Climate Res, Solvegatan 37, S-22362 Lund, Sweden.
   Ekroos, Johan; Smith, Henrik G., Lund Univ, Ctr Environm \& Climate Res, Solvegatan 37, S-22362 Lund, Sweden.
   Kleijn, David, Wageningen Univ, Plant Ecol \& Nat Conservat Grp, Wageningen, Netherlands.
   Batary, Peter, Univ Goettingen, Agroecol, Grisebachstr 67, D-37075 Gottingen, Germany.
   Batary, Peter; Baldi, Andras, Lendulet Landscape \& Conservat Ecol, MTA Ctr Ecol Res, Inst Ecol \& Bot, Alkotmany U 2-4, H-2163 Vacratot, Hungary.
   Albrecht, Matthias, Agroscope, Agroecol \& Environm, Zurich, Switzerland.
   Baldi, Andras; Kovacs-Hostyanszki, Aniko, GINOP Sustainable Ecosyst Grp, MTA Ctr Ecol Res, Tihany, Hungary.
   Bluethgen, Nico, Tech Univ Darmstadt, Dept Biol, Ecol Networks Res Grp, Darmstadt, Germany.
   Knop, Eva, Univ Bern, Inst Ecol \& Evolut, Bern, Switzerland.
   Smith, Henrik G., Lund Univ, Dept Biol Biodivers \& Conservat Sci, Lund, Sweden.}},
DOI = {{10.1016/j.biocon.2019.108255}},
Article-Number = {{108255}},
ISSN = {{0006-3207}},
EISSN = {{1873-2917}},
Keywords = {{Biodiversity; Biotic homogenisation; Fertilisation; Landscape
   simplification; Nestedness; Species loss}},
Keywords-Plus = {{FARMLAND BIODIVERSITY; ARTHROPOD DIVERSITY; QUANTILE REGRESSION; CROP
   POLLINATION; INTENSIFICATION; SPECIALIZATION; CONSERVATION; LANDSCAPES;
   NITROGEN; DENSITY}},
Research-Areas = {{Biodiversity \& Conservation; Environmental Sciences \& Ecology}},
Web-of-Science-Categories  = {{Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences}},
Author-Email = {{johan.ekroos@cec.lu.se}},
ResearcherID-Numbers = {{Batary, Peter/A-2349-2008
   Baldi, Andras/A-7501-2008
   Knop, Eva/D-2298-2018}},
ORCID-Numbers = {{Batary, Peter/0000-0002-1017-6996
   Kleijn, David/0000-0003-2500-7164
   Baldi, Andras/0000-0001-6063-3721
   Knop, Eva/0000-0001-9402-2216}},
Funding-Acknowledgement = {{ERA-NET project MULTAGRI; Lendulet{''}Landscape and Conservation
   Ecology, Institute of Ecology and Botany, MTA Centre for Ecological
   Research, Vacratot, Hungary; strategic research environment BECC; strong
   research area SAPES; project NKFIH {[}FK 123,813]; BiodivERsa/FACCE-JPI
   project ECODEAL {[}832.14.007]; EU COST Action Super-B; DFGGerman
   Research Foundation (DFG) {[}BA 4438/2-1];  {[}GINOP-2.3.2-152016-00019]}},
Funding-Text = {{We thank Yann Clough and Marco Geraci for technical advice, and Oliver
   Schweiger and three anonymous reviewers for constructive comments on an
   earlier version of the manuscript. Sara Kiihsel kindly assisted with the
   empirical datasets from Germany. We acknowledge the support provided by
   the following projects, research areas and institutions: the ERA-NET
   project MULTAGRI (HGS, DK, JE); Lendulet{''}Landscape and Conservation
   Ecology, Institute of Ecology and Botany, MTA Centre for Ecological
   Research, Vacratot, Hungary; the strategic research environment BECC
   (JE); the strong research area SAPES (HGS); project NKFIH FK 123,813
   (AK-H); project GINOP-2.3.2-152016-00019 (AB, PB); the
   BiodivERsa/FACCE-JPI project ECODEAL (DK; proj. nr. 832.14.007); the EU
   COST Action Super-B (DK, MA, AKH); and DFG BA 4438/2-1 (PB).}},
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repository: lizlaw/flashLIT

repo_name: lizlaw/flashLIT