text:
to 24-week changes in fatigue and SF-36 mental and physical summary scores significantly predicted treatment discontinuation. In conclusion, sustained virologic response is associated with improvements in quality of life in patients with or without advanced liver disease. This parameter may be an important consideration in maximizing treatment adherence.},
affiliation = {North Shore University Hospital, 300 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA. deberns@banet.net},
number = {3},
pages = {704--8},
volume = {35},
year = {2002},
month = {Mar},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Quality of Life, Health Status, Adult, Patient Compliance, Male, Aged, Hepatitis C: Chronic, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, RNA: Viral, Middle Aged, Interferon Alfa-2a, Female, Humans},
date-added = {2010-03-22 12:10:46 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 20:00:05 +0200},
doi = {10.1053/jhep.2002.31311},
pii = {ajhep0350704},
pmid = {11870387},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Bernstein-2002-Hepatology_Relationship%20of%20heal.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p8810},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Hill:2008p10256,
author = {William G Hill and Michael E Goddard and Peter M Visscher},
journal = {PLoS Genet},
title = {Data and theory point to mainly additive genetic variance for complex traits},
abstract = {The relative proportion of additive and non-additive variation for complex traits is important in evolutionary biology, medicine, and agriculture. We address a long-standing controversy and paradox about the contribution of non-additive genetic variation, namely that knowledge about biological pathways and gene networks imply that epistasis is important. Yet empirical data across a range of traits and species imply that most genetic variance is additive. We evaluate the evidence from empirical studies of genetic variance components and find that additive variance typically accounts for over half, and often close to 100%, of the total genetic variance. We present new theoretical results, based upon the distribution of allele frequencies under neutral and other population genetic models, that show why this is the case even if there are non-additive effects at the level of gene action. We conclude that interactions at the level of genes are not likely to generate much interaction at the level of variance.},
affiliation = {Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom. w.g.hill@ed.ac.uk},
number = {2},
pages = {e1000008},
volume = {4},
year = {2008},
month = {Feb},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Phenotype, Animals: Laboratory, Twin Studies as Topic, Models: Genetic, Animals: Domestic, Quantitative Trait Loci, Genetics: Population, Genes: Dominant, Animals, Epistasis: Genetic, Genetic Variation, Alleles, Humans, Gene Frequency},
date-added = {2010-04-02 11:02:31 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-04-02 11:02:31 +0200},
doi = {10.1371/journal.pgen.1000008},
pmid = {18454194},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Hill-2008-PLoS%20Genet_Data%20and%20theory%20poin.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p10256},
rating = {0}
}

@techreport{Blazeby:2002,
author = {J Blazeby and M Sprangers and A Cull and M Groenvold and A Bottomley},
journal = {Techreport},
title = {Guidelines for Developing Questionnaire Modules},
affiliation = {EORTC Quality of Life Group},
year = {2002},
date-added = {2010-01-10 11:33:10 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-10 11:33:25 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Blazeby-2002-Techreport_Guidelines%20for%20Devel.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p2095},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Zucknick:2008p2576,
author = {Manuela Zucknick and Sylvia Richardson and Euan A Stronach},
journal = {Statistical Applications in Genetics and Molecular Biology},
title = {Comparing the characteristics of gene expression profiles derived by univariate and multivariate classification methods},
abstract = {One application of gene expression arrays is to derive molecular profiles, i.e., sets of genes, which discriminate well between two classes of samples, for example between tumour types. Users are confronted with a multitude of classification methods of varying complexity that can be applied to this task. To help decide which method to use in a given situation, we compare important characteristics of a range of classification methods, including simple univariate filtering, penalised likelihood methods and the random forest. Classification accuracy is an important characteristic, but the biological interpretability of molecular profiles is also important. This implies both parsimony and stability, in the sense that profiles should not vary much when there are slight changes in the training data. We perform a random resampling study to compare these characteristics between the methods and across a range of profile sizes. We measure stability by adopting the Jaccard index to assess the similarity of resampled molecular profiles. We carry out a case study on five well-established cancer microarray data sets, for two of which we have the benefit of being able to validate the results in an independent data set. The study shows that those methods which produce parsimonious profiles generally result in better prediction accuracy than methods which don't include variable selection. For very small profile sizes, the sparse penalised likelihood methods tend to result in more stable profiles than univariate filtering while maintaining similar predictive performance.},
affiliation = {German Cancer Research Centre. manuela.zucknick03@imperial.ac.uk},
number = {1},
pages = {Article7},
volume = {7},
year = {2008},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Humans, Databases: Nucleic Acid, RNA: Messenger, Multivariate Analysis, Female, Prostatic Neoplasms, Algorithms, Likelihood Functions, Gene Expression Profiling, Analysis of Variance, Ovarian Neoplasms, Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis, Logistic Models, Data Interpretation: Statistical, Male, Leukemia, RNA: Neoplasm, Neoplasms, Breast Neoplasms},
date-added = {2010-01-12 22:23:56 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:50:47 +0200},
doi = {10.2202/1544-6115.1307},
pmid = {18312212},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p2576},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Schwarzinger:2004p5953,
author = {Micha{\"e}l Schwarzinger and Sahar Dewedar and Claire Rekacewicz and Khaled Mahmoud Abd Elaziz and Arnaud Fontanet and Fabrice Carrat and Mostafa Kamal Mohamed},
journal = {Hepatology},
title = {Chronic hepatitis C virus infection: does it really impact health-related quality of life? A study in rural Egypt},
abstract = {Previous Western studies showed a consistent and marked reduction in health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in patients chronically infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV). However, these studies were conducted on patients whose knowledge of their serological status may have affected their HRQOL. This HRQOL survey conducted in the Egyptian rural population provides a unique opportunity to clarify this issue among a population whose serological status is unknown. HRQOL was assessed by an Arabic translation of the Short-Form 12, and a visual analog scale of the relative severity of one's health status. HCV chronic infection was defined by positive tests for anti-HCV antibody and HCV-RNA. HRQOL was compared according to HCV chronic infection status in linear mixed models adjusted for potential confounding factors, such as age, sex, education, and health care-related risk factors, and adjusted for interviewer as a random effect. One hundred forty-six Egyptians chronically infected with HCV had similar Short-Form 12 and visual analog scale scores, compared with 1,140 uninfected controls from the same rural community. In individuals chronically infected with HCV, serum aminotransferase levels did not correlate with HRQOL. In conclusion, this study did not find a significant reduction of HRQOL in patients chronically infected with HCV compared with uninfected, contemporaneous controls. This may be explained in part by a lower morbidity amongst patients chronically infected with HCV in rural Egypt and a higher morbidity amongst uninfected controls as compared with those of Western studies, as well as a lack of awareness of hepatitis C serological status.},
affiliation = {INSERM U444, Facult{\'e} de M{\'e}decine Saint-Antoine, Paris, France. schwarzi@u444.jussieu.fr},
number = {6},
pages = {1434--41},
volume = {40},
year = {2004},
month = {Dec},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Quality of Life, Transaminases, Egypt, Male, Hepatitis C: Chronic, Prevalence, Multivariate Analysis, Middle Aged, Rural Population, Adult, Humans, Female},
date-added = {2010-02-18 23:23:35 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 20:00:05 +0200},
doi = {10.1002/hep.20468},
pmid = {15565610},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Schwarzinger-2004-Hepatology_Chronic%20hepatitis%20C.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p5953},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Debb:2009p5994,
author = {S M Debb and D L Blitz and S W Choi},
journal = {The New School Psychology Bulletin},
title = {Quality of Life Differences In an African American and Caucasian Sample of Chronic Illness Patients: Assessment of Differential Item Functioning},
abstract = {The value of a health care intervention is judged by its impact on the quantity and quality of life (QOL) of an individual (Cella {\&} Bonomi, 1996). When analyzing QOL data, results from the general population are often as- sumed to be equally representative of various subpopulations; however, establishing measurement invariance across different populations (e.g., racial and ethnic groups) is crucial for score interpretability. In this study, ordinal logistic regression (following Zumbo, 1999) was used to examine differential item functioning (DIF) in an African American and Caucasian sample of 898 cancer and chronic illness patients that had been administered a QOL questionnaire for use with chronic illness sufferers. Results indicated that significant differences in response patterns were present between the two groups. This has which have clinical implications pertaining to psychological assessment, concep- tualization and intervention.},
number = {1},
pages = {35--44},
volume = {6},
year = {2009},
date-added = {2010-02-18 23:32:03 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-02-18 23:33:08 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Debb-2009-The%20New%20School%20Psychology%20Bulletin_Quality%20of%20Life%20Diff.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p5994},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Brinza:2008p7193,
author = {Dumitru Brinza and Alexander Zelikovsky},
journal = {Journal of computational biology : a journal of computational molecular cell biology},
title = {Design and validation of methods searching for risk factors in genotype case-control studies},
abstract = {Accessibility of high-throughput genotyping technology allows genome-wide association studies for common complex diseases. This paper addresses two challenges commonly facing such studies: (i) searching an enormous amount of possible gene interactions and (ii) finding reproducible associations. These challenges have been traditionally addressed in statistics while here we apply computational approaches--optimization and cross-validation. A complex risk factor is modeled as a subset of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with specified alleles and the optimization formulation asks for the one with the maximum odds ratio. To measure and compare ability of search methods to find reproducible risk factors, we propose to apply a cross-validation scheme usually used for prediction validation. We have applied and cross-validated known search methods with proposed enhancements on real case-control studies for several diseases (Crohn's disease, autoimmune disorder, tick-borne encephalitis, lung cancer, and rheumatoid arthritis). Proposed methods are compared favorably to the exhaustive search: they are faster, find more frequently statistically significant risk factors, and have significantly higher leave-half-out cross-validation rate.},
affiliation = {Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0404, USA. dima@cs.ucsd.edu},
number = {1},
pages = {81--90},
volume = {15},
year = {2008},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Case-Control Studies, Odds Ratio, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Software, Reproducibility of Results, Polymorphism: Single Nucleotide, Databases: Genetic, Mutation, Computational Biology, Confidence Intervals, Humans},
date-added = {2010-03-06 21:18:55 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-03-06 21:18:55 +0100},
doi = {10.1089/cmb.2007.0081},
pmid = {18199025},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p7193},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Rijn:2000aa,
author = {P W van Rijn and T J H M Eggen and B T Hemker and P F Sanders},
title = {A Selection Procedure for Polytomous Items in Computerized Adaptive Testing},
abstract = {In the present study, a procedure which was developed to select dichotomous items in computerized adaptive testing was applied to polytomous items. The aim of this procedure is to select the item with maximum weighted information. In a simulation study, the item information function was integrated over a fixed interval of ability values and the item with the maximum area was selected. This maximum interval information item selection procedure was compared to a maximum point information item selection procedure. No substantial differences between the two item selection procedures were found when computerized adaptive tests were evaluated on bias and root mean square of the ability estimate.},
year = {2000},
month = {Oct},
date-added = {2010-01-03 19:39:03 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-03 19:39:03 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Rijn-2000-_A%20Selection%20Procedur.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1211},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Kastner:2010p5087,
author = {Julia Kastner and F Petermann},
journal = {Klin Padiatr},
title = {[Developmental coordination disorder: relations between deficits in movement and cognition]},
abstract = {Different studies confirm that children with developmental coordination disorders (DCD) feature additionally cognitive deficits in areas of visual perception, memory and processing speed. The aim of the present study was to explore, whether or not children suffering from DCD have specific performance profiles in the WISC-IV. For this purpose, the WISC-IV results of 40 children with DCD (diagnosed using the Movement ABC-2), mean age 7,60, were compared with a control group matched according to age und gender. The children in the clinical group offered a homogenous performance profile, scoring below average in each of the four indices (verbal comprehension, perception reasoning, working memory and processing speed) and general IQ. Therefore, in clinical practice the WISC-IV is an appropriate instrument to detect cognitive deficits that can appear in conjunction with DCD.},
affiliation = {Universit{\"a}t Bremen, Zentrum f{\"u}r Klinische Psychologie und Rehabilitation, Bremen. kastner@uni-bremen.de},
number = {1},
pages = {26--34},
volume = {222},
year = {2010},
month = {Jan},
language = {ger},
date-added = {2010-02-05 20:16:08 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-02-05 20:16:09 +0100},
doi = {10.1055/s-0029-1225656},
pmid = {20084588},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p5087},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Lee:2008p459,
author = {Sophia S F Lee and Lei Sun and Rafal Kustra and Shelley B Bull},
journal = {Bioinformatics},
title = {EM-random forest and new measures of variable importance for multi-locus quantitative trait linkage analysis},
abstract = {MOTIVATION: We developed an EM-random forest (EMRF) for Haseman-Elston quantitative trait linkage analysis that accounts for marker ambiguity and weighs each sib-pair according to the posterior identical by descent (IBD) distribution. The usual random forest (RF) variable importance (VI) index used to rank markers for variable selection is not optimal when applied to linkage data because of correlation between markers. We define new VI indices that borrow information from linked markers using the correlation structure inherent in IBD linkage data. RESULTS: Using simulations, we find that the new VI indices in EMRF performed better than the original RF VI index and performed similarly or better than EM-Haseman-Elston regression LOD score for various genetic models. Moreover, tree size and markers subset size evaluated at each node are important considerations in RFs. AVAILABILITY: The source code for EMRF written in C is available at www.infornomics.utoronto.ca/downloads/EMRF.},
affiliation = {Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto M5T3M7, Canada.},
number = {14},
pages = {1603--10},
volume = {24},
year = {2008},
month = {Jul},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Chromosome Mapping, Humans, Linkage (Genetics), Phenotype, Programming Languages, Data Interpretation: Statistical, Random Allocation, Genotype, Lod Score, Computational Biology, Regression Analysis, Models: Genetic, Quantitative Trait: Heritable, Algorithms, Models: Statistical},
date-added = {2010-01-03 12:27:49 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-03 12:27:49 +0100},
doi = {10.1093/bioinformatics/btn239},
pii = {btn239},
pmid = {18499695},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Lee-2008-Bioinformatics_EM-random%20forest%20and.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p459},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Letondal:2001p14109,
author = {C Letondal},
journal = {Bioinformatics},
title = {A Web interface generator for molecular biology programs in Unix},
abstract = {MOTIVATION: Almost all users encounter problems using sequence analysis programs. Not only are they difficult to learn because of the parameters, syntax and semantic, but many are different. That is why we have developed a Web interface generator for more than 150 molecular biology command-line driven programs, including: phylogeny, gene prediction, alignment, RNA, DNA and protein analysis, motif discovery, structure analysis and database searching programs. The generator uses XML as a high-level description language of the legacy software parameters. Its aim is to provide users with the equivalent of a basic Unix environment, with program combination, customization and basic scripting through macro registration. RESULTS: The program has been used for three years by about 15000 users throughout the world; it has recently been installed on other sites and evaluated as a standard user interface for EMBOSS programs.},
affiliation = {Institut Pasteur, Service d'Informatique Scientifique, 28 rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France. pise@pasteur.fr},
number = {1},
pages = {73--82},
volume = {17},
year = {2001},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
keywords = {User-Computer Interface, Programming Languages, Sequence Analysis, Computational Biology, Internet, Molecular Biology, Software},
date-added = {2010-08-18 16:53:39 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-08-18 16:53:39 +0200},
pmid = {11222264},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Letondal-2001-Bioinformatics_A%20Web%20interface%20gene.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p14109},
rating = {0}
}

@book{Tenenhaus1998,
author = {M Tenenhaus},
journal = {Book},
title = {La r{\'e}gression PLS: th{\'e}orie et pratique.},
year = {1998},
date-added = {2010-01-12 14:26:51 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-18 15:31:12 +0100},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p2524},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Poitevineau:2004p913,
author = {J Poitevineau},
journal = {Math{\'e}matiques {\&} Sciences Humaines},
title = {L'usage des tests statistiques par les chercheurs en psychologie : Aspects normatif, descriptif et prescriptif},
abstract = {At a normative level, the significance tests appear to be ill suited and the main criticisms are reported. At a descriptive level, both examination of statistical textbooks, re-analyses of published papers and experiments about the use of significance tests by psychologists clearly reveals many misuses. At a prescriptive level, alternative solutions are considered, especially the Bayesian methods, which appear to be especially attractive.},
number = {167},
pages = {5--25},
volume = {3},
year = {2004},
date-added = {2010-01-03 18:58:05 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:39:20 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Poitevineau-2004-Math%C3%A9matiques%20&%20Sciences%20Humaines_L'usage%20des%20tests%20st.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p913},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Glazebrook:2008p6055,
author = {Cheryl M Glazebrook and Digby Elliott and Peter Szatmari},
journal = {J Autism Dev Disord},
title = {How do individuals with autism plan their movements?},
abstract = {Two experiments investigated how persons with and without autism plan manual aiming movements when advance information is direct and when strategic planning is required. In Experiment 1 advance information about hand, direction, and/or movement amplitude was manipulated. Reaction times suggested both groups adopted a hierarchical pattern of movement planning. In Experiment 2, participants performed aiming movements to one of two targets that were the same or different size. Participants without autism varied the starting location in anticipation of specific target stimuli whereas participants with autism consistently selected the midpoint. Overall, individuals with autism used advance information to plan their movements when this information was direct. However, their performance became stereotyped when strategies were self-generated.},
affiliation = {Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, 1280 Main St West, Ivor Wynne Centre, AB108, L8S 4K1, Hamilton, ON, Canada. bezalg@mcmaster.ca},
number = {1},
pages = {114--26},
volume = {38},
year = {2008},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Female, Reaction Time, Autistic Disorder, Cognition Disorders, Adult, Humans, Severity of Illness Index, Male},
date-added = {2010-02-19 17:02:23 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-02-19 17:02:23 +0100},
doi = {10.1007/s10803-007-0369-1},
pmid = {17436068},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p6055},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Chen:2008p12784,
author = {W T Chen and M M Coughlin},
journal = {NESUG},
title = {An Approach to CDISC SDTM Implementation for Clinical Trials Data},
abstract = {The Clinical Data Interchange Standards Consortium (CDISC) is a non-profit international organization estab- lished to define standard data formats to support the exchange of clinical data among and within organiza- tions such as pharmaceutical and medical device companies, contract research organizations, universities, medical research institutions, and regulatory agencies. The CDISC Study Data Tabulation Model (SDTM) defines the standard format for tabulation data. Generally, there are three approaches for implementing SDTM within the pharmaceutical industry: pure SDTM, submission-only, and database-only. The pure SDTM approach means all study data will be SDTM-compliant, starting from data capture and ending with data analysis and submission. The submission-only approach leaves the current practice alone and creates the SDTM-complaint datasets for submissions. The database-only approach feeds the study data into a clinical database, which is SDTM-compliant. This paper discusses the database-only approach to implementation of SDTM version 1.1 and SDTMIG (Implementation Guide) version 3.1.1 and explores the pros and cons of the current SDTM standard.},
year = {2008},
date-added = {2010-06-18 20:47:49 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-06-18 20:48:27 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Chen-2008-NESUG_An%20Approach%20to%20CDISC.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p12784},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Dimitrov:2006p13797,
author = {Dimiter M Dimitrov},
journal = {Work},
title = {Comparing groups on latent variables: a structural equation modeling approach},
abstract = {Structural equation modeling (SEM) provides a dependable framework for testing differences among groups on latent variables (constructs, factors). The purpose of this article is to illustrate SEM-based testing for group mean differences on latent variables. Related procedures of confirmatory factor analysis and testing for measurement invariance across compared groups are also presented in the context of rehabilitation research.},
affiliation = {Graduate School of Education, George Mason University, 4400 University Drive, MS 4B3, Fairfax, VA 22030-4444, USA. ddimitro@gmu.edu},
number = {4},
pages = {429--36},
volume = {26},
year = {2006},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Analysis of Variance, Population Groups, Humans, Factor Analysis: Statistical, Multiple Sclerosis, United States, Rehabilitation: Vocational, Models: Statistical},
date-added = {2010-07-29 12:18:34 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 12:18:34 +0200},
pmid = {16788262},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p13797},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Mislevy:2002p4261,
author = {R J Mislevy and M R Wilson and K Ercikan and N Chudowsky},
title = {Psychometric Principles in Student Assessment},
abstract = {In educational assessment, we observe what students say, do, or in a few particular circumstances	make,	and	attempt	to	infer	what	they	know,	can	do,	or	h a v e accomplished more generally. Some links in the chain of inference depend on statistical models and probability-based reasoning, and it is with these links that terms such as validity, reliability, and comparability are typically associated---psychometric principles, as it were. Familiar formulas and procedures from test theory provide working definitions and practical tools for addressing these more broadly applicable qualities of the chains of argument from observations to inferences about students, as they apply to familiar methods of gathering and using assessment data. This report has four objectives: It offers a framework for the evidentiary arguments that ground assessments, examines where psychometric principles fit in this framework, shows how familiar	formulas	apply	these	ideas	to	familiar	forms	of	assessment,	and	looks	a h e a d to extending the same principles to new kinds of assessments.},
year = {2002},
date-added = {2010-01-23 21:09:30 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-23 21:10:19 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Mislevy-2002-_Psychometric%20Princip.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p4261},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Pickles:2010p13694,
author = {Andrew Pickles and Tim Croudace},
journal = {Stat Methods Med Res},
title = {Latent mixture models for multivariate and longitudinal outcomes},
abstract = {Repeated measures and multivariate outcomes are an increasingly common feature of trials. Their joint analysis by means of random effects and latent variable models is appealing but patterns of heterogeneity in outcome profile may not conform to standard multivariate normal assumptions. In addition, there is much interest in both allowing for and identifying sub-groups of patients who vary in treatment responsiveness. We review methods based on discrete random effects distributions and mixture models for application in this field.},
affiliation = {Biostatistics, Health Methodology Research Group, University of Manchester, University Place, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK. andrew.pickles@manchester.ac.uk},
number = {3},
pages = {271--89},
volume = {19},
year = {2010},
month = {Jun},
language = {eng},
date-added = {2010-07-11 09:05:21 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-07-11 09:05:21 +0200},
doi = {10.1177/0962280209105016},
pii = {0962280209105016},
pmid = {19608600},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Pickles-2010-Stat%20Methods%20Med%20Res_Latent%20mixture%20model.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p13694},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Dillon:2010p9592,
author = {Daniel G Dillon and Ryan Bogdan and Jesen Fagerness and Avram J Holmes and Roy H Perlis and Diego A Pizzagalli},
journal = {Hum Brain Mapp},
title = {Variation in TREK1 gene linked to depression-resistant phenotype is associated with potentiated neural responses to rewards in humans},
abstract = {The TREK1 gene has been linked to a depression-resistant phenotype in rodents and antidepressant response in humans, but the neural mechanisms underlying these links are unclear. Because TREK1 is expressed in reward-related basal ganglia regions, it has been hypothesized that TREK1 genetic variation may be associated with anhedonic symptoms of depression. To investigate whether TREK1 genetic variation influences reward processing, we genotyped healthy individuals (n = 31) who completed a monetary incentive delay task during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Three genotypes previously linked to positive antidepressant response were associated with potentiated basal ganglia activity to gains, but did not influence responses to penalties or no change feedback. TREK1 genetic variations did not affect basal ganglia volume, and fMRI group differences were confirmed when accounting for self-report measures of anhedonia. In addition, the total number of "protective" TREK1 alleles was associated with stronger responses to gains in several other reward-related regions, including the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, orbitofrontal cortex, and mesial prefrontal cortex. In control analyses, associations between basal ganglia responses to gains and functional polymorphisms in the dopamine transporter (DAT1) and catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) genes were also explored. Results revealed that TREK1 and DAT/COMT genotypes were independently related to basal ganglia responses to gains. These findings indicate that TREK1 genotypes are associated with individual differences in reward-related brain activity. Future studies in depressed samples should evaluate whether variation in neural responses to rewards may contribute to the association between TREK1 and antidepressant response in humans.},
affiliation = {Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA.},
note = {genim},
number = {2},
pages = {210--21},
volume = {31},
year = {2010},
month = {Feb},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Phenotype, Depression, Genotype, Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins, Linkage Disequilibrium, Male, Brain Mapping, Basal Ganglia, Female, Reward, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Polymorphism: Single Nucleotide, Humans, Neuropsychological Tests, Potassium Channels: Tandem Pore Domain, Brain, Sequence Analysis: DNA, Young Adult, Catechol O-Methyltransferase},
date-added = {2010-03-25 14:35:33 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-03-25 18:16:05 +0100},
doi = {10.1002/hbm.20858},
pmid = {19621370},
URL = {http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122515655/abstract?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Dillon-2010-Hum%20Brain%20Mapp_Variation%20in%20TREK1%20g.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p9592},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Gabriel:2009p8331,
author = {Adel Gabriel and Claudio Violato},
journal = {BMC Psychiatry},
title = {The development of a knowledge test of depression and its treatment for patients suffering from non-psychotic depression: a psychometric assessment},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: To develop and psychometrically assess a multiple choice question (MCQ) instrument to test knowledge of depression and its treatments in patients suffering from depression. METHODS: A total of 63 depressed patients and twelve psychiatric experts participated. Based on empirical evidence from an extensive review, theoretical knowledge and in consultations with experts, 27-item MCQ knowledge of depression and its treatment test was constructed. Data collected from the psychiatry experts were used to assess evidence of content validity for the instrument. RESULTS: Cronbach's alpha of the instrument was 0.68, and there was an overall 87.8% agreement (items are highly relevant) between experts about the relevance of the MCQs to test patient knowledge on depression and its treatments. There was an overall satisfactory patients' performance on the MCQs with 78.7% correct answers. Results of an item analysis indicated that most items had adequate difficulties and discriminations. CONCLUSION: There was adequate reliability and evidence for content and convergent validity for the instrument. Future research should employ a lager and more heterogeneous sample from both psychiatrist and community samples, than did the present study. Meanwhile, the present study has resulted in psychometrically tested instruments for measuring knowledge of depression and its treatment of depressed patients.},
affiliation = {University of Calgary and Calgary Health region, 2000 Pegasus Rd NE, Calgary AB T2E 8K7, Canada. gabriel@ucalgary.ca},
pages = {56},
volume = {9},
year = {2009},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Male, Middle Aged, Clinical Competence, Psychiatry, Aged, Attitude of Health Personnel, Female, Health Knowledge: Attitudes: Practice, Psychometrics, Questionnaires, Reproducibility of Results, Adolescent, Humans, Attitude to Health, Adult, Depressive Disorder},
date-added = {2010-03-21 12:35:43 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-03-21 12:35:43 +0100},
doi = {10.1186/1471-244X-9-56},
pii = {1471-244X-9-56},
pmid = {19754944},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Gabriel-2009-BMC%20Psychiatry_The%20development%20of%20a.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p8331},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Lawlor:2008p9926,
author = {Debbie A Lawlor and Roger M Harbord and Jonathan A C Sterne and Nic Timpson and George Davey Smith},
journal = {Stat Med},
title = {Mendelian randomization: using genes as instruments for making causal inferences in epidemiology},
abstract = {Observational epidemiological studies suffer from many potential biases, from confounding and from reverse causation, and this limits their ability to robustly identify causal associations. Several high-profile situations exist in which randomized controlled trials of precisely the same intervention that has been examined in observational studies have produced markedly different findings. In other observational sciences, the use of instrumental variable (IV) approaches has been one approach to strengthening causal inferences in non-experimental situations. The use of germline genetic variants that proxy for environmentally modifiable exposures as instruments for these exposures is one form of IV analysis that can be implemented within observational epidemiological studies. The method has been referred to as 'Mendelian randomization', and can be considered as analogous to randomized controlled trials. This paper outlines Mendelian randomization, draws parallels with IV methods, provides examples of implementation of the approach and discusses limitations of the approach and some methods for dealing with these.},
affiliation = {Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, U.K. d.a.lawlor@bristol.ac.uk},
number = {8},
pages = {1133--63},
volume = {27},
year = {2008},
month = {Apr},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Molecular Epidemiology, Models: Econometric, Genome: Human, Bias (Epidemiology), Causality, Genetic Diseases: Inborn, Genotype, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Humans, Epidemiologic Methods},
date-added = {2010-03-31 16:08:14 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-03-31 16:08:14 +0200},
doi = {10.1002/sim.3034},
pmid = {17886233},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Lawlor-2008-Stat%20Med_Mendelian%20randomizat.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p9926},
rating = {0}
}

@book{Cortina:2000,
author = {J M Cortina and H Nouri},
journal = {Book},
title = {Effect size for ANOVA designs},
year = {2000},
date-added = {2010-01-10 11:33:22 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-10 11:33:25 +0100},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1949},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Slavin:2008p1768,
author = {R E Slavin and D Smith},
journal = {Annual meetings of the Society for Research on Effective Education},
title = {Effects of Sample Size on Effect Size in Systematic Reviews in Education},
year = {2008},
date-added = {2010-01-09 21:21:44 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-09 21:22:28 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Slavin-2008-Annual%20meetings%20of%20the%20Society%20for%20Research%20on%20Effective%20Education_Effects%20of%20Sample%20Si.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1768},
rating = {0}
}

@misc{Agresti:2000,
author = {Alan Agresti and J G Booth and J P Hobert and B Caffo},
journal = {Miscellaneous},
title = {Random effects modeling of categorical response data},
year = {2000},
date-added = {2010-01-10 11:33:22 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 20:17:57 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Agresti-2000-Miscellaneous_Random%20effects%20model.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p2145},
read = {Yes},
rating = {3}
}

@article{Bechger:2004aa,
author = {Timo M Bechger and Gunter Maris},
title = {STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELLING OF MULTIPLE FACET DATA: EXTENDING MODELS FOR MULTITRAIT-MULTIMETHOD DATA},
abstract = {This paper is about the structural equation modelling of quantitative measures that are obtained from a multiple facet design. A facet is simply a set consisting of a finite number of elements. It is assumed that measures are obtained by combining each element of each facet. Methods and traits are two such facets, and a multitrait-multimethod study is a two-facet design. We extend models that were proposed for multitrait-multimethod data by Wothke (1984;1996) and Browne (1984, 1989, 1993), and demonstrate how they can be fitted using standard software for structural equation modelling. Each model is derived from the model for individual measurements in order to clarify the first principles underlying each model.},
year = {2004},
month = {Feb},
date-added = {2010-01-03 19:39:03 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 20:43:29 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Bechger-2004-_STRUCTURAL%20EQUATION.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1214},
read = {Yes},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Hothorn:2008p3623,
author = {T Hothorn and F Bretz and P Westfall},
title = {Simultaneous Inference in General Parametric Models},
year = {2008},
date-added = {2010-01-16 18:43:00 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-16 18:43:28 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Hothorn-2008-_Simultaneous%20Inferen.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p3623},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Peyre:2010p5234,
author = {Hugo Peyre and Joel Coste and Alain Leplege},
journal = {Health Qual Life Outcomes},
title = {Identifying type and determinants of missing items in quality of life questionnaires: Application to the SF-36 French version of the 2003 Decennial Health Survey},
abstract = {ABSTRACT: Background Missing items are common in quality of life (QoL) questionnaires and present a challenge for research in this field. The development of sound strategies of replacement and prevention requires accurate knowledge of their type and determinants. Methods We used the 2003 French Decennial Health Survey of a representative sample of the general population --including 22,620 adult subjects who completed the SF-36 questionnaire-- to test various socio-demographic, health status and QoL variables as potential predictors of missingness. We constructed logistic regression models for each SF-36 item to identify independent predictors and classify them according to Little and Rubin ("missing completely at random", "missing at random" and "missing not at random"). Results The type of missingness was missing at random for half of the items of the SF-36 and missing not at random for the others. None of the items were missing completely at random. Independent predictors of missingness were age, female sex, low scores on the SF-36 subscales and in some cases low educational level, occupation, nationality and poor health status. Conclusion This study of the SF-36 shows that imputation of missing items is necessary and emphasizes several factors for missingness that should be considered in prevention strategies of missing data. Similar methodologies could be applied to item missingness in other QoL questionnaires.},
number = {1},
pages = {16},
volume = {8},
year = {2010},
month = {Feb},
language = {ENG},
date-added = {2010-02-08 19:32:42 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-03-21 12:42:36 +0100},
doi = {10.1186/1477-7525-8-16},
pii = {1477-7525-8-16},
pmid = {20128899},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Peyre-2010-Health%20and%20Quality%20of%20Life%20Outcomes_Identifying%20type%20and-1.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p5234},
rating = {4}
}

@article{Atkinson:2007p1360,
author = {A C Atkinson and M Riani},
journal = {Computational Statistics},
title = {Exploratory tools for clustering multivariate data},
abstract = {The forward search provides a series of robust parameter estimates based on increasing numbers of observations. The resulting series of robust Mahalanobis distances is used to cluster multivariate normal data. The method depends on envelopes of the distribution of the test statistics in forward plots. These envelopes can be found by simulation; flexible polynomial approximations to the envelopes are given. New graphical tools provide methods not only of detecting clusters but also of determining their membership. Comparisons are made with mclust and k-means clustering.},
pages = {272--285},
volume = {52},
year = {2007},
keywords = {Graphics, mclust, Simulation envelopes, Mahalanobis distance, Random start, Forward search, k-means},
date-added = {2010-01-07 11:53:07 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:24:31 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Atkinson-2007-Computational%20Statistics_Exploratory%20tools%20fo.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1360},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Ginkel:2007a,
author = {Joost R van Ginkel and L Andries van der Ark and Klaas Sijtsma},
journal = {British Journal of Mathematical {\&} Statistical Psychology},
title = {Multiple imputation for item scores when test data are factorially complex},
abstract = {Multiple imputation under a two-way model with error is a simple and effective method that has been used to handle missing item scores in unidimensional test and questionnaire data. Extensions of this method to multidimensional data are proposed. A simulation study is used to investigate whether these extensions produce biased estimates of important statistics in multidimensional data, and to compare them with lower benchmark listwise deletion, two-way with error and multivariate normal imputation. The new methods produce smaller bias in several psychometrically interesting statistics than the existing methods of two-way with error and multivariate normal imputation. One of these new methods clearly is preferable for handling missing item scores in multidimensional test data.},
year = {2007},
date-added = {2010-01-10 11:33:23 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 20:42:55 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Ginkel-2007-British%20Journal%20of%20Mathematical%20&%20Statistical%20Psychology_Multiple%20imputation.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1897},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Cooper:2002p11567,
author = {Richelle J Cooper and David L Schriger and Reb J H Close},
journal = {Ann Emerg Med},
title = {Graphical literacy: the quality of graphs in a large-circulation journal},
abstract = {STUDY OBJECTIVES: We sought to characterize the quantity and quality of graphs in the Journal of American Medicine (JAMA), contrasting articles published in 1999 with those published in 2000 after the addition of a dedicated tables and figures editor. We also sought to compare the quality of graphs in JAMA with the quality of graphs in Annals of Emergency Medicine. METHODS: Two reviewers independently assessed all graphs in original research articles from 12 randomly chosen issues of JAMA, 6 each from 1999 and 2000, using a standardized abstraction form. We noted graph type, clarity, and completeness and identified internal discrepancies. We examined the graphs and articles to observe discrepancies with text, to observe efficiency of graph presentation, and to determine whether the graph portrayed unaggregated data. Results were compared with results from a previously published study of graphs from 18 consecutive issues of Annals of Emergency Medicine beginning in January 1998. RESULTS: The 12 JAMA issues contained 56 research articles, with 64 graphs in the 37 articles that had graphs (28 in 27 1999 articles, 36 in 29 2000 articles). Simple bar or point charts (63%) predominated. We rarely encountered internal errors (8%), contradictions with text (3%), numeric distortion (6%), lack of visual clarity (5%), nonstandard graphing conventions (11%), or extraneous decoration (0%). Graphs generally defined all symbols (98%), but 31% were not self-explanatory; that is, despite knowing the study's design and reading the figure's legend, we could not unambiguously interpret the graph. Fourteen percent contained redundancies. Graphs infrequently portrayed by-subject data (9%) or advanced features (15%) such as pairing, symbolic dimensionality, or small multiples. Forty-eight percent (21/44) of graphs did not illustrate the underlying distribution, 48% (26/54) did not depict important covariates, and 67% (14/21) did not portray pairing inherent in the data. There were no differences between 1999 and 2000 graphs, although we noted more graphs in the 2000 issues. Graph quality was similar in Annals of Emergency Medicine and JAMA, but graphs were more common in the original research articles in JAMA. Although univariate displays predominated in both publications, there were more bivariate displays in Annals of Emergency Medicine but fewer advanced graphic features. CONCLUSION: The graphs in JAMA were similar to those in Annals of Emergency Medicine and, although generally clear and without errors, often failed to depict detailed data. Authors and editors could improve data presentations by incorporating graphic formats that depict stratified, detailed data.},
affiliation = {UCLA Emergency Medicine Center, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 900024, USA. richelle@ucla.edu},
number = {3},
pages = {317--22},
volume = {40},
year = {2002},
month = {Sep},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Periodicals as Topic, Journalism: Medical, Medical Illustration, Statistics as Topic},
date-added = {2010-05-01 17:37:30 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-05-01 17:37:30 +0200},
pii = {S019606440200046X},
pmid = {12192357},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Cooper-2002-Ann%20Emerg%20Med_Graphical%20literacy.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p11567},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Finch:2010p13493,
author = {W H Finch},
journal = {Journal of Data Science},
title = {Imputation Methods for Missing Categorical Questionnaire Data: A Comparison of Approaches},
abstract = {Missing data are a common problem for researchers working with surveys and other types of questionnaires. Often, respondents do not re- spond to one or more items, making the conduct of statistical analyses, as well as the calculation of scores difficult. A number of methods have been de- veloped for dealing with missing data, though most of these have focused on continuous variables. It is not clear that these techniques for imputation are appropriate for the categorical items that make up surveys. However, meth- ods of imputation specifically designed for categorical data are either limited in terms of the number of variables they can accommodate, or have not been fully compared with the continuous data approaches used with categorical variables. The goal of the current study was to compare the performance of these explicitly categorical imputation approaches with the more well es- tablished continuous method used with categorical item responses. Results of the simulation study based on real data demonstrate that the continuous based imputation approach and a categorical method based on stochastic regression appear to perform well in terms of creating data that match the complete datasets in terms of logistic regression results.},
pages = {361--378},
volume = {8},
year = {2010},
date-added = {2010-07-01 22:35:44 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-07-01 22:36:26 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Finch-2010-Journal%20of%20Data%20Science_Imputation%20Methods%20f.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p13493},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Smith:1998,
author = {R M Smith},
journal = {J Outcome Meas},
title = {Corrected Rasch asymptotic standard errors for person ability estimates.},
abstract = {Most calibration programs designed for the family of Rasch psychometric models report the asymptotic standard errors for person and item measure estimates resulting from the calibration process. Although these estimates are theoretically correct, they may be influenced by any number of factors, e.g., restrictions due to the loss of degrees of freedom in estimation, targeting of the instrument, i.e., the degree of offset between mean item difficulty and mean person ability, and the presence of misfit in the data. The effect of these factors on the standard errors reported for the person has not been previously reported. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of these three factors on the asymptotic standard errors for person measures using simulated data. The results indicate that asymptotic errors systematically underestimate the observed standard deviation of ability in simulated data, though this underestimation is usually small for targeted instruments with reasonable sample size. However, the underestimation can easily be corrected with a simple linear function. These simulations use only dichotomous data and the results may not generalize to the rating scale and partial credit models.},
number = {4},
pages = {351--364},
volume = {2},
year = {1998},
language = {eng},
date-added = {2010-01-03 19:38:21 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:30:30 +0200},
pmid = {9803720},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1136},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Cilibrasi:2005p529,
author = {Rudi Cilibrasi and Leo van Iersel and Steven Kelk and John Tromp},
journal = {arXiv},
title = {On the Complexity of the Single Individual SNP Haplotyping Problem},
abstract = { We present several new results pertaining to haplotyping. These results concern the combinatorial problem of reconstructing haplotypes from incomplete and/or imperfectly sequenced haplotype fragments. We consider the complexity of the problems Minimum Error Correction (MEC) and Longest Haplotype Reconstruction (LHR) for different restrictions on the input data. Specifically, we look at the gapless case, where every row of the input corresponds to a gapless haplotype-fragment, and the 1-gap case, where at most one gap per fragment is allowed. We prove that MEC is APX-hard in the 1-gap case and still NP-hard in the gapless case. In addition, we question earlier claims that MEC is NP-hard even when the input matrix is restricted to being completely binary. Concerning LHR, we show that this problem is NP-hard and APX-hard in the 1-gap case (and thus also in the general case), but is polynomial time solvable in the gapless case. },
annote = {26 pages. Related to the WABI2005 paper, "On the Complexity of
  Several Haplotyping Problems", but with more/different results. This papers
  has just been submitted to the IEEE/ACM Transactions on Computational Biology
  and Bioinformatics and we are awaiting a decision on acceptance. It differs
  from the mid-August version of this paper because here we prove that 1-gap
  LHR is APX-hard. (In the earlier version of the paper we could prove only
  that it was NP-hard.)},
eprint = {q-bio/0508012v2},
volume = {q-bio.GN},
year = {2005},
month = {Jan},
keywords = {q-bio.QM, q-bio.GN},
date-added = {2010-01-03 13:43:22 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-03 13:43:22 +0100},
pmid = {q-bio/0508012v2},
URL = {http://arxiv.org/abs/q-bio/0508012v2},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Cilibrasi-2005-arXiv_On%20the%20Complexity%20of.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p529},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Lusa:2007p1454,
author = {Lara Lusa and Lisa M McShane and Michael D Radmacher and Joanna H Shih and George W Wright and Richard Simon},
journal = {Stat Med},
title = {Appropriateness of some resampling-based inference procedures for assessing performance of prognostic classifiers derived from microarray data},
abstract = {The goal of many gene-expression microarray profiling clinical studies is to develop a multivariate classifier to predict patient disease outcome from a gene-expression profile measured on some biological specimen from the patient. Often some preliminary validation of the predictive power of a profile-based classifier is carried out using the same data set that was used to derive the classifier. Techniques such as cross-validation or bootstrapping can be used in this setting to assess predictive power, and if applied correctly, can result in a less biased estimate of predictive accuracy of a classifier. However, some investigators have attempted to apply standard statistical inference procedures to assess the statistical significance of associations between true and cross-validated predicted outcomes. We demonstrate in this paper that na{\"\i}ve application of standard statistical inference procedures to these measures of association under null situations can result in greatly inflated testing type I error rates. Under alternatives of small to moderate associations, confidence interval coverage probabilities may be too low, although for very large associations coverage probabilities approach their intended values. Our results suggest that caution should be exercised in interpreting some of the claims of exceptional prognostic classifier performance that have been reported in prominent biomedical journals in the past few years.},
affiliation = {Department of Experimental Oncology, Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Milano, Italy. lara.lusa@ifom-ieo-campus.it},
number = {5},
pages = {1102--13},
volume = {26},
year = {2007},
month = {Feb},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Odds Ratio, DNA Fingerprinting, Humans, Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis, Data Interpretation: Statistical, Clinical Trials as Topic, Confidence Intervals},
date-added = {2010-01-07 12:24:45 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-07 12:24:45 +0100},
doi = {10.1002/sim.2598},
pmid = {16755534},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Lusa-2007-Stat%20Med_Appropriateness%20of%20s.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1454},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Chiu:2008p2293,
author = {C Y Chiu and M Seo and J Douglas},
title = {Cluster Analysis for Cognitive Diagnosis: An Application to the 2001 PIRLS Reading Assessment},
abstract = {Latent class models for cognitive diagnosis often begin with specification of a matrix that indicates which attributes or skills are needed for each item. Then by imposing restrictions that take this into account, along with a theory governing how subjects interact with items, parametric formulations of item response functions are derived and fitted. Cluster analysis provides an alternative approach that does not require specifying an item response model, but does require an item-by-attribute matrix. After summarizing the data with a particular vector of sum-scores, K-means cluster analysis or hierarchical agglomerative cluster analysis can be applied with the purpose of clustering subjects who possess the same skills. An application study to the 2001 PIRLS reading data is conducted to illustrate how the methods can be implemented in practice.},
year = {2008},
date-added = {2010-01-10 12:06:36 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-10 12:07:48 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Chiu-2008-_Cluster%20Analysis%20for.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p2293},
read = {Yes},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Gill:2009p2743,
author = {M Gill and G Donohoe and A Corvin},
journal = {Psychol Med},
title = {What have the genomics ever done for the psychoses?},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Despite the substantial heritability of the psychoses and their genuine public health burden, the applicability of the genomic approach in psychiatry has been strongly questioned or prematurely dismissed.MethodA selective review of the recent literature on molecular genetic and genomic approaches to the psychoses including the early output from genome-wide association studies and the genomic analysis of DNA structural variation. RESULTS: Susceptibility variants at strong candidate genes have been identified including neuregulin, dysbindin, DISC1 and neurexin 1. Rare but highly penetrant copy number variants and new mutations affecting genes involved in neurodevelopment, cell signalling and synaptic function have been described showing some overlapping genetic architecture with other developmental disorders including autism. The de-novo mutations described offer an explanation for the familial sporadic divide and the persistence of schizophrenia in the population. The functional effects of risk variants at the level of cognition and connectivity has been described and recently, ZNF804A has been identified, and the MHC re-identified as risk loci, and it has been shown that at least a third of the variation in liability is due to multiple common risk variants of small effect with a substantial shared genetic liability between schizophrenia and bipolar affective disorder. CONCLUSIONS: The genomics have done much for the psychoses to date and more is anticipated.},
affiliation = {Neuropsychiatric Genetics Research Group, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland.},
pages = {1--12},
year = {2009},
month = {Oct},
language = {ENG},
date-added = {2010-01-13 14:21:43 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-13 14:21:43 +0100},
doi = {10.1017/S0033291709991139},
pii = {S0033291709991139},
pmid = {19818200},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p2743},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Holland:1990p6283,
author = {P W Holland},
journal = {Psychometrika},
title = {On the sampling theory foundations of item response theory models},
abstract = {Item response theory (IRT) models are now in common use for the analysis of dichotomous item responses. This paper examines the sampling theory foundations for statistical inference in these models. The discussion includes: some history on the "stochastic subject" versus the random sampling interpretations of the probability in IRT models; the relationship between three versions of maximum likelihood estimation for IRT models; estimating 0 versus estimating 0-predictors; IRT models and loglinear models; the identifiability of IRT models; and the role of robustness and Bayesian statistics from the sampling theory perspective.},
number = {4},
pages = {577--601},
volume = {55},
year = {1990},
date-added = {2010-02-20 18:07:36 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-11 09:47:48 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Holland-1990-Psychometrika_On%20the%20sampling%20theo-1.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p6283},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Young:2002p9521,
author = {S E Young and R P Corley and M C Stallings and S H Rhee and T J Crowley and J K Hewitt},
journal = {Drug Alcohol Depend},
title = {Substance use, abuse and dependence in adolescence: prevalence, symptom profiles and correlates},
abstract = {We present data on the lifetime prevalence of substance use, abuse and dependence in adolescents obtained through structured psychiatric interviews and self-report questionnaires. Most notably, we evaluate symptom profiles based on DSM-IV abuse and dependence criteria for tobacco, alcohol and marijuana, including a gender comparison. Participants are 3,072 adolescents (12-18 years) drawn from three community-based family samples in Colorado. Age trends suggest that substance use is a developmental phenomenon, which increases almost linearly from early to late adolescence. Substance use disorders are less common than experimentation in adolescence, but approximately 1 in 4 adolescents in the oldest cohorts meets criteria for abuse for at least one substance, and 1 in 5 meets criteria for substance dependence. By age 18 nearly 1 in 3 adolescents report daily smoking and 8.6% meet criteria for tobacco dependence. Although alcohol is the most commonly abused substance (10%), a slightly larger proportion of adolescents meet criteria for dependence on marijuana (4.3%) than alcohol (3.5%). Gender differences in prevalence of use more often show greater use in males than females. Males more frequently meet criteria for dependence on alcohol and marijuana in late adolescence, while females are more often nicotine dependent. A comparison of abuse and dependence symptom profiles shows some interesting variability across substances, and suggests that manifestations of a subset of symptoms are gender specific.},
affiliation = {Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado, Campus Box 447, Boulder, CO 80309, USA. susan.young@colorado.edu},
number = {3},
pages = {309--22},
volume = {68},
year = {2002},
month = {Dec},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Male, Female, Prevalence, Questionnaires, Substance-Related Disorders, Adolescent, Humans, Child, Adolescent Behavior},
date-added = {2010-03-23 19:44:11 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-11 09:39:08 +0200},
pii = {S0376871602002259},
pmid = {12393225},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p9521},
rating = {3}
}

@article{Klein:2007p1619,
author = {Robert J Klein},
journal = {BMC Genet},
title = {Power analysis for genome-wide association studies},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Genome-wide association studies are a promising new tool for deciphering the genetics of complex diseases. To choose the proper sample size and genotyping platform for such studies, power calculations that take into account genetic model, tag SNP selection, and the population of interest are required. RESULTS: The power of genome-wide association studies can be computed using a set of tag SNPs and a large number of genotyped SNPs in a representative population, such as available through the HapMap project. As expected, power increases with increasing sample size and effect size. Power also depends on the tag SNPs selected. In some cases, more power is obtained by genotyping more individuals at fewer SNPs than fewer individuals at more SNPs. CONCLUSION: Genome-wide association studies should be designed thoughtfully, with the choice of genotyping platform and sample size being determined from careful power calculations.},
affiliation = {Program in Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, USA. kleinr@mskcc.org},
pages = {58},
volume = {8},
year = {2007},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Models: Genetic, Genome: Human, Humans, Gene Frequency, Computational Biology, Genotype, Polymorphism: Single Nucleotide, Genetic Markers},
date-added = {2010-01-08 21:49:34 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-08 21:49:34 +0100},
doi = {10.1186/1471-2156-8-58},
pii = {1471-2156-8-58},
pmid = {17725844},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Klein-2007-BMC%20Genet_Power%20analysis%20for%20g.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1619},
read = {Yes},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Lorenzetti:2009p8842,
author = {Valentina Lorenzetti and Nicholas B Allen and Alex Fornito and Murat Y{\"u}cel},
journal = {J Affect Disord},
title = {Structural brain abnormalities in major depressive disorder: a selective review of recent MRI studies},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: While there is evidence to suggest that major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with structural brain abnormalities, the precise nature of these abnormalities remains unclear. AIMS: To review recent structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) research findings in MDD while considering the potential influence of key clinical and demographic variables. METHOD: A selective review of all T1-weighted structural MRI studies published between 2000 and 2007 in adult samples of MDD patients. RESULTS: Volumetric reductions of the hippocampus, basal ganglia and OFC and SGPFC are consistently found in MDD patients, with more persistent forms of MDD (e.g., multiple episodes or repeated relapses, longer illness duration) being associated with greater impact on regional brain volumes. Gender, medication, stage of illness, and family history all affect the nature of the findings in a regionally specific manner. LIMITATIONS: Overall, differences between the samples in factors such as illness severity, medication, gender and family history of mental illness makes difficult to identify their confounding effects on the observed neuroanatomical changes. Also, the tracing protocols used for particular brain regions were different amongst the reviewed studies, making difficult to compare their findings. CONCLUSIONS: The data support the notion that MDD involves pathological alterations of limbic and cortical structures, and that they are generally more apparent in patients with more severe or persistent forms of the illness.},
affiliation = {Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, Australia.},
number = {1-2},
pages = {1--17},
volume = {117},
year = {2009},
month = {Sep},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Depressive Disorder: Major, Brain, Adult, Male, Temporal Lobe, Limbic System, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Hippocampus, Sex Factors, Frontal Lobe, Amygdala, Severity of Illness Index, Basal Ganglia, Female, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Humans},
date-added = {2010-03-22 12:37:08 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:31:26 +0200},
doi = {10.1016/j.jad.2008.11.021},
pii = {S0165-0327(08)00476-X},
pmid = {19237202},
URL = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0165-0327(08)00476-X},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Lorenzetti-2009-J%20Affect%20Disord_Structural%20brain%20abn.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p8842},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Watson:2006p1823,
author = {Kathy Watson and Tom Baranowski and Debbe Thompson and Russell Jago and Janice Baranowski and Lisa M Klesges},
journal = {Health Educ Res},
title = {Innovative application of a multidimensional item response model in assessing the influence of social desirability on the pseudo-relationship between self-efficacy and behavior},
abstract = {This study examined multidimensional item response theory (MIRT) modeling to assess social desirability (SocD) influences on self-reported physical activity self-efficacy (PASE) and fruit and vegetable self-efficacy (FVSE). The observed sample included 473 Houston-area adolescent males (10-14 years). SocD (nine items), PASE (19 items) and FVSE (21 items) were measured with previously validated self-report instruments containing Likert-type responses. Physical activity was objectively measured using the Computer Science Application Incorporated/Manufacturing Technology Incorporated (CSA/MTI) accelerometer. Total fruit, juice and vegetable consumption was measured with a food frequency questionnaire. Correlations between self-efficacy and behaviors were minimal, regardless of controlling for SocD. However, in a simulated sample derived to demonstrate the utility of MIRT when relationships exist, the pseudo-relationships between self-efficacy and behaviors were substantially weaker after controlling for SocD. MIRT provided disattenuated correlations between SocD and self-efficacy, thereby providing more precise estimates of the real influence of SocD on the relationship between self-efficacy and behavior. However, as shown in the observed sample, more research is needed to understand the influence of SocD on the relationship between self-efficacy and behaviors for different populations and for different degrees of SocD response bias.},
affiliation = {Department of Pediatrics, Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, 1100 Bates Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA. kwatson@bcm.tmc.edu},
pages = {i85--97},
volume = {21 Suppl 1},
year = {2006},
month = {Dec},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Data Interpretation: Statistical, Child, Psychometrics, Vegetables, Fruit, Male, Social Desirability, Humans, Health Behavior, Self Efficacy, Questionnaires, Models: Educational},
date-added = {2010-01-09 23:00:24 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-09 23:00:24 +0100},
doi = {10.1093/her/cyl137},
pii = {cyl137},
pmid = {17085752},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1823},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Badia:1999p8432,
author = {X Badia and D Podzamczer and M Garcia and C L{\'o}pez-Lavid C and E Consiglio},
journal = {AIDS},
title = {A randomized study comparing instruments for measuring health-related quality of life in HIV-infected patients. Spanish MOS-HIV and MQOL-HIV Validation Group. Medical Outcomes Study HIV Health Survey},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To compare the feasibility, reliability, validity and sensitivity to change of the MOS-HIV and MQOL-HIV in order to determine their suitability for use in clinical research. METHODS: Five hundred and fifty-eight HIV-infected patients and 80 healthy blood donors were randomly assigned to receive the MOS-HIV or MQOL-HIV. Test-retest reliability was assessed in 98 clinically stable patients, and responsiveness in 296 patients initiating or switching anti-retroviral treatment. Feasibility was assessed using mean time of administration and percentage of missing responses. Reliability was assessed using Cronbach's alpha and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Construct validity was assessed by correlating questionnaire scores with EuroQol-5D scores, number of symptoms, CD4 cell count and viral load. The area under the curve (AUC) was used for discrimination between patients and healthy donors, and HRQoL scores were compared across disease stage. Responsiveness was assessed by calculating the standardized effect size (SES). RESULTS: Mean administration time was 16 minutes for both questionnaires. On the MOS-HIV 18.9% patients had missing responses compared with 33.6% on the MQOL-HIV. Cronbach's alpha values were higher for MOS-HIV sub-scales (0.78-0.89) than MQOL-HIV sub-scales (0.44-0.82), and neither instrument showed good test-retest reliability (ICC values of 0.24-0.85 for MOS-HIV versus 0.48-0.82 for MQOL-HIV). AUC values for the MOS-HIV were 0.6-0.86, compared with 0.5-0.79 for the MQOL-HIV, and the MOS-HIV had higher correlations with symptoms (r = -0.28 to 0.79) and EuroQol scores (r = 0.4-0.66) than the MQOL-HIV (r = -0.15 to 0.42 and r = -0.11 to 0.59, respectively). Neither instrument discriminated well between disease stages. Eight of 11 MOS-HIV sub-scales and the Mental Health Summary Score were responsive to change (SES, 0.18-0.36), compared with six of 10 MQOL-HIV sub-scales and MQOL Index (SES, 0.16-0.27). CONCLUSIONS: Neither instrument demonstrated completely satisfactory psychometric properties for use in clinical research, although the MOS-HIV performed slightly better on feasibility and validity and the MQOL-HIV on test-retest reliability.},
affiliation = {Catalan Institute of Public Health, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain. xbadia@bell.ub.es},
number = {13},
pages = {1727--35},
volume = {13},
year = {1999},
month = {Sep},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Adolescent, Quality of Life, Female, Adult, Aged, Middle Aged, Male, Reproducibility of Results, Attitude to Health, HIV Infections, Spain, Humans, Health Status, Questionnaires},
date-added = {2010-03-21 17:52:16 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-03-21 17:52:23 +0100},
pmid = {10509575},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Badia-1999-AIDS_A%20randomized%20study%20c.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p8432},
rating = {5}
}

@article{Guo:1999p8025,
author = {S Guo},
journal = {Hum Hered},
title = {The behaviors of some heritability estimators in the complete absence of genetic factors},
abstract = {Heritability is an important concept in quantitative genetics and is widely used in human genetics. A high or even a moderate value of heritability estimate is usually taken as evidence for a genetic component for a quantitative trait. In this paper, the behaviors of some correlation-based heritability estimators are reexamined under the assumption of complete absence of any genetic factors. It turns out that when monozygotic (MZ) twins (or full sibs) are environmentally more similar than dizygotic twins (or half sibs), or when there is placement bias in MZ twins reared apart, those correlation-based heritability estimates can lead to nonnegligible or even high heritability values, even when genetic factors are completely absent. These alarming results suggest that extreme care should be exercised when using these heritability estimators.},
affiliation = {Institute of Human Genetics and Division of Epidemiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA.},
number = {4},
pages = {215--28},
volume = {49},
year = {1999},
month = {Jul},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Twins: Dizygotic, Phenotype, Humans, Quantitative Trait: Heritable, Twins: Monozygotic, Data Interpretation: Statistical, Environment, Genetic Variation},
date-added = {2010-03-20 19:39:34 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-03-20 19:39:34 +0100},
pii = {hhe49215},
pmid = {10436384},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Guo-1999-Hum%20Hered_The%20behaviors%20of%20som.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p8025},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Guo:2009p4750,
author = {W Guo and S K Sarkar},
title = {Stepdown Procedures Controlling A Generalized False Discovery Rate},
abstract = {Often in practice when a large number of hypotheses are simultaneously tested, one is willing to allow a few false rejections, say at most k − 1, for some fixed k > 1. In such a case, the ability of a procedure controlling an error rate measuring at least one false rejection can potentially be improved in terms of its ability to detect false null hypotheses by gen- eralizing this error rate to one that measures at least k false rejections and using procedures that control it. The k-FDR which is the expected proportion of k or more false rejections and a natural generalization of the false discovery rate (FDR) is such a generalized notion of error rate that has recently been introduced and procedures controlling it have been proposed. Many of these procedures are stepup procedures. Some stepdown procedures controlling the k-FDR are presented in this article.},
year = {2009},
date-added = {2010-02-01 12:03:10 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-03-16 13:13:43 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Guo-2009-_Stepdown%20Procedures.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p4750},
rating = {3}
}

@article{Stroup:2000,
author = {DF Stroup and JA Berlin and SC et al Morton},
journal = {JAMA},
title = {Meta-analysis of observational studies in epidemiology. A proposal for reporting},
abstract = {Objective Because of the pressure for timely, informed decisions in public health and clinical practice and the explosion of information in the scientific literature, research results must be synthesized. Meta-analyses are increasingly used to address this problem, and they often evaluate observational studies. A workshop was held in Atlanta, Ga, in April 1997, to examine the reporting of meta-analyses of observational studies and to make recommendations to aid authors, reviewers, editors, and readers. Participants Twenty-seven participants were selected by a steering committee, based on expertise in clinical practice, trials, statistics, epidemiology, social sciences, and biomedical editing. Deliberations of the workshop were open to other interested scientists. Funding for this activity was provided by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Evidence We conducted a systematic review of the published literature on the conduct and reporting of meta-analyses in observational studies using MEDLINE, Educational Research Information Center (ERIC), PsycLIT, and the Current Index to Statistics. We also examined reference lists of the 32 studies retrieved and contacted experts in the field. Participants were assigned to small-group discussions on the subjects of bias, searching and abstracting, heterogeneity, study categorization, and statistical methods. Consensus Process From the material presented at the workshop, the authors developed a checklist summarizing recommendations for reporting meta-analyses of observational studies. The checklist and supporting evidence were circulated to all conference attendees and additional experts. All suggestions for revisions were addressed. Conclusions The proposed checklist contains specifications for reporting of meta-analyses of observational studies in epidemiology, including background, search strategy, methods, results, discussion, and conclusion. Use of the checklist should improve the usefulness of meta-analyses for authors, reviewers, editors, readers, and decision makers. An evaluation plan is suggested and research areas are explored.},
pages = {2008--2012},
volume = {283},
year = {2000},
date-added = {2010-01-03 19:36:10 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 20:00:58 +0200},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1041},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Hanson:2007p3637,
author = {R M Hanson},
title = {Feedback in Intelligent Computer-Assisted Language Learning and Second Language Acquisition: A study of its effect on the acquisition of French past tense aspect using an Intelligent Language Tutoring System},
year = {2007},
date-added = {2010-01-16 19:40:41 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-16 19:41:03 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Hanson-2007-_Feedback%20in%20Intellig.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p3637},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Uh:2007p461,
author = {Hae-Won Uh and Bart J A Mertens and Henk Jan van der Wijk and Hein Putter and Hans C van Houwelingen and Jeanine J Houwing-Duistermaat},
journal = {BMC Proc},
title = {Model selection based on logistic regression in a highly correlated candidate gene region},
abstract = {Our aim is to develop methods for identifying a (causal) variant or variants from a dense panel of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that are genotyped on the evidence of previous studies. Because a large number of SNPs are in close proximity to each other, the magnitude of linkage disequilibrium (LD) plays an important role. Namely, highly correlated SNPs may hamper standard methods such as multivariate logistic regression due to multicolinearity between the covariates. Sequences of models with high dimension naturally raise questions about model selection strategies. We investigate three variable selection methods based on logistic regression. The penalties on stepwise selection were imposed using the Akaike's Information Criterion (AIC), and using the lasso penalty. Finally, a Bayesian variable-selection logistic regression model was implemented. The methods are illustrated using the simulated dense SNPs including the causal DR/C locus on chromosome 6. We also evaluate model selection in terms of average prediction error across nine replicates. We conclude that for the Genetic Analysis Workshop 15 (GAW15) data, the newly developed Bayesian selection method performs well.},
affiliation = {Department of Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands. h.uh@lumc.nl},
pages = {S114},
volume = {1 Suppl 1},
year = {2007},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
date-added = {2010-01-03 12:29:43 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-03 12:29:43 +0100},
pmid = {18466455},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Uh-2007-BMC%20Proc_Model%20selection%20base.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p461},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Purcell:2007p1559,
author = {S Purcell and B Neale and K Todd-Brown and L Thomas and M A R Ferreira and D Bender and J Maller and P I W de Bakker and M J Daly and P C Sham},
title = {PLINK: a toolset for whole genome association and population-based linkage analyses},
abstract = {Whole-genome association studies (WGAS) bring new computational as well as analytic challenges to researchers. Many existing genetic analysis tools are not designed to handle such large datasets in a convenient manner and do not necessarily exploit the new opportunities that whole-genome data bring. To address these issues, we developed PLINK, an open source C/C++ WGAS toolset. Large datasets, comprising hundreds of thousands of markers genotyped for thousands of individuals, can be rapidly manipulated and analyzed in their entirety. As well as providing tools to make the basic analytic steps computationally efficient, PLINK also supports some novel approaches to whole-genome data, that take advantage of whole-genome coverage. We introduce PLINK and describe the five main domains of function: data management, summary statistics, population stratification, association analysis and identity-by-descent estimation. In particular, we focus on the estimation and use of identity-by-state and identity-by-descent information in the context of population-based whole-genome studies. This information can be used to detect and correct for population stratification and to identify extended chromosomal segments that are shared identical-by-descent between very distantly related individuals. Analysis of the patterns of segmental sharing has the potential to map disease loci that contain multiple, rare variants in a ``population-based linkage analysis''. PLINK is freely available from the author's website, http://pngu.mgh.harvard.edu/purcell/plink/},
year = {2007},
date-added = {2010-01-07 16:44:38 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-07 16:46:42 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Purcell-2007-_PLINK%20a%20toolset%20for.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1559},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Jacobson:1991p5374,
author = {N S Jacobson and P Truax},
journal = {Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology},
title = {Clinical significance: a statistical approach to defining meaningful change in psychotherapy research},
abstract = {In 1984, Jacobson, Follette, and Revenstorf defined clinically significant change as the extent to which therapy moves someone outside the range of the dysfunctional population or within the range of the functional population. In the present article, ways of operationalizing this definition are described, and examples are used to show how clients can be categorized on the basis of this definition. A reliable change index (RC) is also proposed to determine whether the magnitude of change for a given client is statistically reliable. The inclusion of the RC leads to a twofold criterion for clinically significant change.},
affiliation = {Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle 98195.},
number = {1},
pages = {12--9},
volume = {59},
year = {1991},
month = {Feb},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Humans, Marriage, Marital Therapy, Female, Male, Models: Statistical, Psychotherapy, Research Design, Clinical Protocols},
date-added = {2010-02-11 10:28:34 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-02-11 10:28:34 +0100},
pmid = {2002127},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Jacobson-1991-Journal%20of%20Consulting%20and%20Clinical%20Psychology_Clinical%20significanc.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p5374},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Moffatt:2007p2303,
author = {Miriam F Moffatt and Michael Kabesch and Liming Liang and Anna L Dixon and David Strachan and Simon Heath and Martin Depner and Andrea von Berg and Albrecht Bufe and Ernst Rietschel and Andrea Heinzmann and Burkard Simma and Thomas Frischer and Saffron A G Willis-Owen and Kenny C C Wong and Thomas Illig and Christian Vogelberg and Stephan K Weiland and Erika von Mutius and Gon{\c c}alo R Abecasis and Martin Farrall and Ivo G Gut and G Mark Lathrop and William O C Cookson},
journal = {Nature},
title = {Genetic variants regulating ORMDL3 expression contribute to the risk of childhood asthma},
abstract = {Asthma is caused by a combination of poorly understood genetic and environmental factors. We have systematically mapped the effects of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on the presence of childhood onset asthma by genome-wide association. We characterized more than 317,000 SNPs in DNA from 994 patients with childhood onset asthma and 1,243 non-asthmatics, using family and case-referent panels. Here we show multiple markers on chromosome 17q21 to be strongly and reproducibly associated with childhood onset asthma in family and case-referent panels with a combined P value of P < 10(-12). In independent replication studies the 17q21 locus showed strong association with diagnosis of childhood asthma in 2,320 subjects from a cohort of German children (P = 0.0003) and in 3,301 subjects from the British 1958 Birth Cohort (P = 0.0005). We systematically evaluated the relationships between markers of the 17q21 locus and transcript levels of genes in Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-transformed lymphoblastoid cell lines from children in the asthma family panel used in our association study. The SNPs associated with childhood asthma were consistently and strongly associated (P < 10(-22)) in cis with transcript levels of ORMDL3, a member of a gene family that encodes transmembrane proteins anchored in the endoplasmic reticulum. The results indicate that genetic variants regulating ORMDL3 expression are determinants of susceptibility to childhood asthma.},
affiliation = {National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London SW3 6LY, UK.},
number = {7152},
pages = {470--3},
volume = {448},
year = {2007},
month = {Jul},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Membrane Proteins, Child, Gene Expression Regulation, RNA: Messenger, Chromosomes: Human: Pair 17, Humans, Case-Control Studies, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Polymorphism: Single Nucleotide, Great Britain, Age of Onset, Asthma, Germany},
date-added = {2010-01-10 12:17:00 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-10 12:17:00 +0100},
doi = {10.1038/nature06014},
pii = {nature06014},
pmid = {17611496},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Moffatt-2007-Nature_Genetic%20variants%20reg.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p2303},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Kahler:2008p7353,
author = {Elke Kahler and Anja Rogausch and Edgar Brunner and Wolfgang Himmel},
journal = {Journal of Clinical Epidemiology},
title = {A parametric analysis of ordinal quality-of-life data can lead to erroneous results},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Measurements from health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL) studies, although usually of an ordered categorical nature, are typically treated as continuous variables, allowing the calculation of mean values and the administration of parametric statistics, such as t-tests. We investigated whether parametric, compared to nonparametric, analyses of ordered categorical data may lead to different conclusions. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: HRQoL data were obtained from patients with a diagnosis of asthma (n=192) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD; n=88) at two time points. The impact of the group factor (asthma vs. COPD) and the time factor (t1 vs. t2) on HRQoL was analyzed with a metric approach (repeated measures ANOVA) and two ordinal approaches (each with a nonparametric repeated measures ANOVA). RESULTS: Using the metric approach, a significant effect of "group" (P=0.0061) and "time" (P=0.0049) on HRQoL was found. The first ordinal approach (ranked total score) still showed a significant effect for "group" (P=0.0033) with a worse HRQoL for patients suffering from COPD. In the second approach (ranks for each HRQoL item and summed ranks), there were no significant effects. CONCLUSION: Applying simple parametric methods to ordered categorical HRQoL scores led to different results from those obtained with nonparametric methods. In these cases, an ordinal approach will prevent inappropriate conclusions.},
affiliation = {Department of Medical Statistics, University of G{\"o}ttingen, Humboldtallee 32, D-37073 G{\"o}ttingen, Germany.},
number = {5},
pages = {475--80},
volume = {61},
year = {2008},
month = {May},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Aged: 80 and over, Research Design, Quality of Life, Pulmonary Disease: Chronic Obstructive, Female, Data Interpretation: Statistical, Adult, Humans, Asthma, Male, Statistics: Nonparametric, Health Status Indicators, Middle Aged, Aged, Family Practice, Psychometrics},
date-added = {2010-03-10 20:25:01 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-03-10 20:25:01 +0100},
doi = {10.1016/j.jclinepi.2007.05.019},
pii = {S0895-4356(07)00216-8},
pmid = {18394541},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Kahler-2008-Journal%20of%20Clinical%20Epidemiology_A%20parametric%20analysi.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p7353},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Lee:2009p11811,
author = {David W Lee and Peter J Neumann and John A Rizzo},
journal = {Value Health},
title = {Understanding the Medical and Nonmedical Value of Diagnostic Testing},
abstract = {ABSTRACT Objectives: To develop a framework for defining the potential value of diagnostic testing, and discuss its implications for the health-care delivery system. Methods: We reviewed the conceptual and empirical literature related to the valuing of diagnostic tests, and used this information to create a framework for characterizing their value. We then made inferences about the impact of this framework on health insurance coverage, health technology assessment, physician-patient relationships, and public health policy. Results: Three dimensions can effectively classify the potential value created by diagnostic tests: 1) medical value (impact on treatment decisions); 2) planning value (affect on patients' ability to make better life decisions); and 3) psychic value (how test information affects patients' sense of self). This comprehensive framework for valuing diagnostics suggests that existing health technology assessments may systematically under- or overvalue diagnostics, leading to potentially incorrect conclusions about cost-effectiveness. Further, failure to account for all value dimensions may lead to distorted payments under a value-based health-care system. Conclusions: The potential value created by medical diagnostics incorporates medical value as well as value associated with well-being and planning. Consideration of all three dimensions has important implications for technology assessment and value-based payment.},
affiliation = {GE Healthcare, Waukesha, WI, USA.},
pages = {},
year = {2009},
month = {Sep},
language = {ENG},
date-added = {2010-05-23 10:44:35 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-05-23 10:44:43 +0200},
doi = {10.1111/j.1524-4733.2009.00597.x},
pii = {VHE597},
pmid = {19744295},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Lee-2009-Value%20Health_Understanding%20the%20Me.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p11811},
rating = {4}
}

@article{Gliem:2003p3008,
author = {J A Gliem and R R Gliem},
title = {Calculating, Interpreting, and Reporting Cronbach's Alpha Reliability Coefficient for Likert-Type Scales},
abstract = {The purpose of this paper is to show why single-item questions pertaining to a construct are not reliable and should not be used in drawing conclusions. By comparing the reliability of a summated, multi-item scale versus a single-item question, the authors show how unreliable a single item is; and therefore it is not appropriate to make inferences based upon the analysis of single-item questions which are used in measuring a construct.},
year = {2003},
date-added = {2010-01-13 23:22:26 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-13 23:23:01 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Gliem-2003-_Calculating%20Interpr.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p3008},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Scharpf:2007p3405,
author = {Robert B Scharpf and Jason C Ting and Jonathan Pevsner and Ingo Ruczinski},
journal = {Bioinformatics},
title = {SNPchip: R classes and methods for SNP array data},
abstract = {High-density single nucleotide polymorphism microarrays (SNP chips) provide information on a subject's genome, such as copy number and genotype (heterozygosity/homozygosity) at a SNP. While fluorescence in situ hybridization and karyotyping reveal many abnormalities, SNP chips provide a higher resolution map of the human genome that can be used to detect, e.g., aneuploidies, microdeletions, microduplications and loss of heterozygosity (LOH). As a variety of diseases are linked to such chromosomal abnormalities, SNP chips promise new insights for these diseases by aiding in the discovery of such regions, and may suggest targets for intervention. The R package SNPchip contains classes and methods useful for storing, visualizing and analyzing high density SNP data. Originally developed from the SNPscan web-tool, SNPchip utilizes S4 classes and extends other open source R tools available at Bioconductor. This has numerous advantages, including the ability to build statistical models for SNP-level data that operate on instances of the class, and to communicate with other R packages that add additional functionality. AVAILABILITY: The package is available from the Bioconductor web page at www.bioconductor.org. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The supplementary material as described in this article (case studies, installation guidelines and R code) is available from http://biostat.jhsph.edu/~iruczins/publications/sm/},
affiliation = {Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.},
number = {5},
pages = {627--8},
volume = {23},
year = {2007},
month = {Mar},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Polymorphism: Single Nucleotide, Models: Statistical, Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis, Software},
date-added = {2010-01-15 14:44:48 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-15 14:44:48 +0100},
doi = {10.1093/bioinformatics/btl638},
pii = {btl638},
pmid = {17204461},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Scharpf-2007-Bioinformatics_SNPchip%20R%20classes%20a.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p3405},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Zhang:2005p4606,
author = {Y Zhang and N J Dorans and J L Matthews-Lopez},
journal = {College Board Research Report No. 2005-10},
title = {Using DIF Dissection Method to Assess Effects of Item Deletion},
abstract = {Statistical procedures for detecting differential item functioning (DIF) are often used as an initial step to screen items for construct irrelevant variance. This research applies a DIF dissection method and a two-way classification scheme to SAT Reasoning TestTM verbal section data and explores the effects of deleting sizable DIF items on reported scores after re-equating. The DIF dissection approach and the two-way classification scheme may yield new and detailed insight into item functioning at the subgroup level. Two hypotheses are studied: (1) whether or not the deletion of a sizeable DIF item that is the most disadvantageous to a particular subgroup will affect the scores for that subgroup the most; and (2) whether or not the effects of item deletion on scores can be predicted by the standardization method. Both hypotheses are supported by the results of this research.},
affiliation = {ETS},
year = {2005},
date-added = {2010-01-29 22:54:47 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-29 22:55:41 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Zhang-2005-College%20Board%20Research%20Report%20No.%202005-10_Using%20DIF%20Dissection.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p4606},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Liebowitz:2005p5947,
author = {Michael R Liebowitz and Philip T Ninan and Franklin R Schneier and Carlos Blanco},
journal = {CNS Spectr},
title = {Integrating neurobiology and psychopathology into evidence-based treatment of social anxiety disorder},
abstract = {Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is a common, chronic psychiatric disorder characterized by a persistent fear of social or performance situations in which embarrassment can occur. This disorder typically appears during the mid-adolescent years and is unremitting throughout life if not properly treated. SAD presents as two subtypes: the more common and debilitating generalized form, and the nongeneralized form, which consists predominantly of performance anxiety. The majority of patients with SAD have comorbid mental disorders, including mood, anxiety, and substance abuse. No single development theory has been proposed to account for the origins of SAD, although current understanding of the etiology of SAD posits an interaction between psychological and biological factors. Risk factors include environmental and parenting influences and dysfunctional cognitive and conditioning events in early childhood. The neurobiology of SAD appears to involve neurochemical dysfunction, as evidenced by studies of neuroreceptor imaging, neuroendocrine function, and profiles of response to specific medications. Clinical trials have demonstrated that benzodiazepines and antidepressants are effective in the treatment of SAD. The selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors are emerging as the first-line treatment for SAD, based on their proven safety, tolerability, and efficacy. Goals for ongoing future research include development of approaches to achieve remission, to convert nonresponders and partial responders to full responders, and to prevent relapse and maintain long-term efficacy. This monograph explores the epidemiology, clinical presentation, and differential diagnosis of SAD, with a focus on neural circuitry of social relationships and neurochemical dysfunction. The prevalence, rates of recognition and treatment, patterns of comorbidity, quality-of-life issues, and natural history of SAD are discussed as well as pharmacologic and psychosocial treatment strategies for SAD.},
affiliation = {Anxiety Disorders Clinic, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York City, USA.},
number = {10},
pages = {suppl13 1-11; discussion 12-3; quiz 14--5},
volume = {10},
year = {2005},
month = {Oct},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Benzodiazepines, Animals, Long-Term Care, Antidepressive Agents, Infant, Cross-Sectional Studies, Brain, Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors, Socialization, Child, Evidence-Based Medicine, Risk Factors, Humans, Adult, Phobic Disorders},
date-added = {2010-02-18 23:18:06 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-02-18 23:18:06 +0100},
pmid = {16404800},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p5947},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Tiemeier:2010p5080,
author = {Henning Tiemeier and Rhoshel K Lenroot and Deanna K Greenstein and Lan Tran and Ronald Pierson and Jay N Giedd},
journal = {Neuroimage},
title = {Cerebellum development during childhood and adolescence: a longitudinal morphometric MRI study},
abstract = {In addition to its well-established role in balance, coordination, and other motor skills, the cerebellum is increasingly recognized as a prominent contributor to a wide array of cognitive and emotional functions. Many of these capacities undergo dramatic changes during childhood and adolescence. However, accurate characterization of co-occurring anatomical changes has been hindered by lack of longitudinal data and methodologic challenges in quantifying subdivisions of the cerebellum. In this study we apply an innovative image analysis technique to quantify total cerebellar volume and 11 subdivisions (i.e. anterior, superior posterior, and inferior posterior lobes, corpus medullare, and three vermal regions) from anatomic brain MRI scans from 25 healthy females and 25 healthy males aged 5-24 years, each of whom was scanned at least three times at approximately 2-year intervals. Total cerebellum volume followed an inverted U shaped developmental trajectory peaking at age 11.8 years in females and 15.6 years in males. Cerebellar volume was 10% to 13% larger in males depending on the age of comparison and the sexual dimorphism remained significant after covarying for total brain volume. Subdivisions of the cerebellum had distinctive developmental trajectories with more phylogenetically recent regions maturing particularly late. The cerebellum's unique protracted developmental trajectories, sexual dimorphism, preferential vulnerability to environmental influences, and frequent implication in childhood onset disorders such as autism and ADHD make it a prime target for pediatric neuroimaging investigations.},
affiliation = {Child Psychiatry Branch, National Institute of Mental Health/NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. h.tiemeier@erasmusmc.nl},
number = {1},
pages = {63--70},
volume = {49},
year = {2010},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Male, Longitudinal Studies, Female, Regression Analysis, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cerebellum, Humans, Child, Functional Laterality, Cerebellar Cortex, Cohort Studies, Sex Characteristics, Adolescent, Image Processing: Computer-Assisted, Young Adult, Adult},
date-added = {2010-02-05 20:14:50 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-02-05 20:14:50 +0100},
doi = {10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.08.016},
pii = {S1053-8119(09)00893-3},
pmid = {19683586},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p5080},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Haworth:2009p7585,
author = {Claire M A Haworth and Philip S Dale and Robert Plomin},
journal = {Behav Genet},
title = {Generalist genes and high cognitive abilities},
abstract = {The concept of generalist genes operating across diverse domains of cognitive abilities is now widely accepted. Much less is known about the etiology of the high extreme of performance. Is there more specialization at the high extreme? Using a representative sample of 4,000 12-year-old twin pairs from the UK Twins Early Development Study, we investigated the genetic and environmental overlap between web-based tests of general cognitive ability, reading, mathematics and language performance for the top 15% of the distribution using DF extremes analysis. Generalist genes are just as evident at the high extremes of performance as they are for the entire distribution of abilities and for cognitive disabilities. However, a smaller proportion of the phenotypic intercorrelations appears to be explained by genetic influences for high abilities.},
affiliation = {Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre P080, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK. Claire.Haworth@iop.kcl.ac.uk},
number = {4},
pages = {437--45},
volume = {39},
year = {2009},
month = {Jul},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Twins: Dizygotic, Multivariate Analysis, Reading, Language Development, Intelligence, Wechsler Scales, Humans, England, Cognition, Twins: Monozygotic, Statistics as Topic, Male, Aptitude, Genotype, Models: Genetic, Wales, Psychometrics, Child: Gifted, Social Environment, Child, Mathematics, Phenotype, Female, Comprehension, Problem Solving},
date-added = {2010-03-15 23:09:45 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 20:09:07 +0200},
doi = {10.1007/s10519-009-9271-2},
pmid = {19377870},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Haworth-2009-Behav%20Genet_Generalist%20genes%20and.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p7585},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Tibaldi:2007p12897,
author = {F S Tibaldi and G Verbeke and G Molenberghs and D Renard and W Van den Noortgate and Paul De Boeck},
journal = {British Journal of Mathematical {\&} Statistical Psychology},
title = {Conditional mixed models with crossed random effects},
abstract = {The analysis of continuous hierarchical data such as repeated measures or data from meta-analyses can be carried out by means of the linear mixed-effects model. However, in some situations this model, in its standard form, does pose computational problems. For example, when dealing with crossed random-effects models, the estimation of the variance components becomes a non-trivial task if only one observation is available for each cross-classified level. Pseudolikelihood ideas have been used in the context of binary data with standard generalized linear multilevel models. However, even in this case the problem of the estimation of the variance remains non-trivial. In this paper, we first propose a method to fit a crossed random-effects model with two levels and continuous outcomes, borrowing ideas from conditional linear mixed-effects model theory. We also propose a crossed random-effects model for binary data combining ideas of conditional logistic regression with pseudolikelihood estimation. We apply this method to a case study with data coming from the field of psychometrics and study a series of items (responses) crossed with participants. A simulation study assesses the operational characteristics of the method.},
pages = {351--365},
volume = {60},
year = {2007},
date-added = {2010-06-24 13:55:25 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 20:46:12 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Tibaldi-2007-British%20Journal%20of%20Mathematical%20&%20Statistical%20Psychology_Conditional%20mixed%20mo.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p12897},
rating = {4}
}

@article{Takano:2007p12384,
author = {Akihiro Takano and Ryosuke Arakawa and Mika Hayashi and Hidehiko Takahashi and Hiroshi Ito and Tetsuya Suhara},
journal = {Biol Psychiatry},
title = {Relationship between neuroticism personality trait and serotonin transporter binding},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Personality trait is thought to be one of the important factors for vulnerability to depression. The relation between serotonin transporter (5-HTT) polymorphism and anxiety-related personality has been investigated in genetic research. In this study, we investigated the relation between in vivo regional 5-HTT binding in the brain and personality inventory measures in normal male volunteers. METHODS: Thirty-one healthy male volunteers underwent positron emission tomography scans with (11)C-labeled 3-amino-4-(2-dimethylaminomethyl-phenylsulfanyl) benzonitrile ([(11)C]DASB) to measure 5-HTT and completed revised NEO Personality Inventory. Correlation of [(11)C]DASB binding potentials (BP) with personality inventory measures was calculated using region-of-interest analysis and statistical parametric mapping based on the BP images. RESULTS: Neuroticism was positively correlated with 5-HTT binding in the thalamus (p = .004). No significant correlation was observed in any other brain region. Within the neuroticism dimension, the facet of depression was positively correlated with 5-HTT binding in the thalamus (p = .001). CONCLUSIONS: Subjects with higher thalamic 5-HTT binding are more likely to express higher levels of neuroticism and depressive feeling. Serotonin transporter binding in the thalamus might be a marker of vulnerability to depression.},
affiliation = {Department of Molecular Neuroimaging, Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan.},
number = {6},
pages = {588--92},
volume = {62},
year = {2007},
month = {Sep},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Personality, Disease Susceptibility, Biological Markers, Risk Factors, Male, Sex Factors, Adult, Positron-Emission Tomography, Brain, Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins, Depressive Disorder, Benzylamines, Humans, Thalamus, Carbon Radioisotopes, Personality Inventory, Neurotic Disorders},
date-added = {2010-06-15 17:28:59 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-06-15 17:29:00 +0200},
doi = {10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.11.007},
pii = {S0006-3223(06)01447-8},
pmid = {17336939},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Takano-2007-Biol%20Psychiatry_Relationship%20between.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p12384},
rating = {0}
}

@article{DOnofrio:1999p11467,
author = {B M D'Onofrio and L Murrelle and L J Eaves and M E McCullough and J L Landis and H H Maes},
journal = {Twin Res},
title = {Adolescent religiousness and its influence on substance use: preliminary findings from the Mid-Atlantic School Age Twin Study},
abstract = {Research has consistently shown that religiousness is associated with lower levels of alcohol and drug use, but little is known about the nature of adolescent religiousness or the mechanisms through which it influences problem behavior in this age group. This paper presents preliminary results from the Mid-Atlantic School Age Twin Study, a prospective, population-based study of 6-18-year-old twins and their mothers. Factor analysis of a scale developed to characterize adolescent religiousness, the Religious Attitudes and Practices Inventory (RAPI), revealed three factors: theism, religious/spiritual practices, and peer religiousness. Twin correlations and univariate behavior-genetic models for these factors and a measure of belief that drug use is sinful reveal in 357 twin pairs that common environmental factors significantly influence these traits, but a minor influence of genetic factors could not be discounted. Correlations between the multiple factors of adolescent religiousness and substance use, comorbid problem behavior, mood disorders, and selected risk factors for substance involvement are also presented. Structural equation modeling illustrates that specific religious beliefs about the sinfulness of drugs and level of peer religiousness mediate the relationship between theistic beliefs and religious/spiritual practices on substance use. Limitations and future analyses are discussed.},
affiliation = {Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond 23298-0003, USA.},
number = {2},
pages = {156--68},
volume = {2},
year = {1999},
month = {Jun},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Humans, Genetics: Behavioral, Adolescent, Models: Genetic, Adolescent Behavior, Child, Male, Mid-Atlantic Region, Prospective Studies, Twins, Environment, Mood Disorders, Substance-Related Disorders, Adult, Attitude to Health, Mental Disorders, Risk Factors, Models: Psychological, Female, Peer Group, Religion, Analysis of Variance, Mother-Child Relations, Population Surveillance},
date-added = {2010-05-01 17:24:33 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-05-01 17:24:33 +0200},
pmid = {10480750},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p11467},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Serretti:2005p8814,
author = {Alessandro Serretti and Laura Mandelli and Cristina Lorenzi and Enrico Smeraldi},
journal = {Psychiatry Res},
title = {Social adjustment could be associated with the serotonin transporter gene in remitted patients with mood disorders and healthy subjects},
abstract = {We investigated the serotonin transporter gene (5-HTTLPR) in the functioning of euthymic patients with mood disorders (n=285) and healthy controls (n=94). The 5-HTTLPR genotype showed marginal associations with working, familial and social adjustment, with marked differences between controls and patients. Because of the exploratory nature of our analyses, all results should be viewed with caution. However, we observed how the s/s variant, commonly associated with detrimental effects, could be beneficial in specific areas of social adjustment.},
affiliation = {Department of Psychiatry, Istituto Scientifico H San Raffaele, Vita-Salute University, San Raffaele Institute, Via Stamira D'Ancona 20, 20127 Milan, Italy. serretti.alessandro@hsr.it},
number = {2},
pages = {191--

repository: sergiud/bibtex-spirit

repo_name: sergiud/bibtex-spirit

gha_license_id: MIT