text:
nel Sirente" (ilSIRENTE) study. The predictive values for mortality of 4-meter walk test, Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), hand grip strength, Activities of Daily Living (ADL) scale, Instrumental ADL (IADL) scale, and a SRH scale were compared using proportional hazard models. Kaplan-Meier survival curves for mortality and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were also computed to estimate the predictive value of the independent variables of interest for mortality (alone and in combination). RESULTS: During the 24-month follow-up (mean 1.8 years), 71 (21.2%) events occurred in the study sample. All the tested variables were able to significantly predict mortality. No significant interaction was reported between physical function measures and SRH. The SPPB score was the strongest predictor of overall mortality after adjustment for potential confounders (per SD increase; HR 0.64; 95%CI 0.48-0.86). A similar predictive value was showed by the SRH (per SD increase; HR 0.76; 95%CI 0.59-0.97). The chair stand test was the SPPB subtask showing the highest prognostic value. CONCLUSION: All the tested measures are able to predict mortality with different extents, but strongest results were obtained from the SPPB and the SRH. The chair stand test may be as useful as the complete SPPB in estimating the mortality risk.},
affiliation = {Dipartimento di Scienze Gerontologiche, Geriatriche e Fisiatriche, Universit{\`a} Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy. macesari@gmail.com},
pages = {34},
volume = {8},
year = {2008},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Geriatric Assessment, Activities of Daily Living, Postural Balance, Questionnaires, Longitudinal Studies, Walking, Male, Aged: 80 and over, Hand Strength, Female, Humans, Mortality, Attitude to Health, Risk Factors},
date-added = {2010-08-22 20:14:23 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-08-22 20:14:23 +0200},
doi = {10.1186/1471-2318-8-34},
pii = {1471-2318-8-34},
pmid = {19102751},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Cesari-2008-BMC%20Geriatr_Physical%20function%20an.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p14178},
rating = {0}
}

@article{AlvaradoEsquivel:2006p13987,
author = {Cosme Alvarado-Esquivel and Antonio Sifuentes-Alvarez and Carlos Salas-Martinez and Sergio Mart{\'\i}nez-Garc{\'\i}a},
journal = {Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health},
title = {Validation of the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale in a population of puerperal women in Mexico},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: The Edinburgh postnatal depression scale (EPDS) has been validated and used successfully in detecting postnatal depression in several language versions in a number of countries. However, there is not any Mexican version of the EPDS that had been validated. Therefore, we sought to validate a Spanish translated Mexican version of the EPDS in a population of puerperal Mexican women. METHODS: One hundred puerperal women within their three month postpartum period attending routine postnatal consultations in a public hospital in Durango City, Mexico participated in the study. The participants were divided into two groups: one group included 49 women with less than 4 weeks of postpartum, and the other group included 51 women within 4 to 13 weeks of postpartum. All participants submitted a Spanish translated Mexican version of the EPDS and were interviewed by a psychiatrist to assess major and minor depression by using DSM-IV criteria. RESULTS: Out of the 49 women with less than 4 weeks of postpartum, 4 were found as suffering from major depression and none from minor depression by using the DSM-IV criteria. In this group of women we found that the best EPDS score for screening depression was 11/12. This threshold showed a sensitivity of 75% (95% CI: 63.8-86.2), a specificity of 93% (95% CI: 84.6-100), a positive predictive value of 50%, a negative predictive value of 97.6%, and an area under the curve of 0.84. While in the 51 women within 4 to 13 weeks of postpartum, 7 were found as suffering from major depression and 1 from minor depression by using the DSM-IV criteria. In this group we found that the best EPDS score for screening depression was 7/8. This threshold showed a sensitivity of 75% (95% CI: 66.1-83.9), a specificity of 84% (95% CI: 76.1-91.9), a positive predictive value of 46.2%, a negative predictive value of 94.7% and an area under the curve of 0.80. CONCLUSION: The Mexican version of the EPDS can be considered for screening depression in puerperal Mexican women whenever cut-off scores of 11/12 and 7/8 in women with less than 4 weeks and within 4 to 13 weeks of postpartum are used, respectively.},
affiliation = {Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Ju{\'a}rez del Estado de Durango, Durango, Dgo, M{\'e}xico. alvaradocosme@yahoo.com},
pages = {33},
volume = {2},
year = {2006},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
date-added = {2010-08-04 09:19:16 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-08-04 09:19:16 +0200},
doi = {10.1186/1745-0179-2-33},
pii = {1745-0179-2-33},
pmid = {17134495},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Alvarado-Esquivel-2006-Clin%20Pract%20Epidemiol%20Ment%20Health_Validation%20of%20the%20Ed.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p13987},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Herbeck:2009p3715,
author = {Joshua T Herbeck and Geoffrey S Gottlieb and Cheryl A Winkler and George W Nelson and Ping An and Brandon S Maust and Kim G Wong and Jennifer L Troyer and James J Goedert and Bailey D Kessing and Roger Detels and Steven M Wolinsky and Jeremy Martinson and Susan Buchbinder and Gregory D Kirk and Lisa P Jacobson and Joseph B Margolick and Richard A Kaslow and Stephen J O'Brien and James I Mullins},
journal = {The Journal of infectious diseases},
title = {Multistage Genomewide Association Study Identifies a Locus at 1q41 Associated with Rate of HIV-1 Disease Progression to Clinical AIDS},
abstract = {Background. A mean of 9-10 years of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection elapse before clinical AIDS develops in untreated persons, but this rate of disease progression varies substantially among individuals. To investigate host genetic determinants of the rate of progression to clinical AIDS, we performed a multistage genomewide association study. Methods. The discovery stage comprised 156 individuals from the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study, enriched with rapid and long-term nonprogressors to increase statistical power. This was followed by replication tests of putatively associated genotypes in an independent population of 590 HIV-1-infected seroconverters. Results. Significant associations with delayed AIDS progression were observed in a haplotype located at 1q41, 36 kb upstream of PROX1 on chromosome 1 (relative hazard ratio, 0.69; Fisher's combined [Formula: see text]). This association was replicated further in an analysis stratified by transmission mode, with the effect consistent in sexual or mucosal and parenteral transmission (relative hazard ratios, 0.72 and 0.63, respectively; combined [Formula: see text]). Conclusions. This study identified and replicated a locus upstream of PROX1 that is associated with delayed progression to clinical AIDS. PROX1 is a negative regulator of interferon-gamma expression in T cells and also mitigates the advancement of vascular neoplasms, such as Kaposi sarcoma, a common AIDS-defining malignancy. This study adds to the cumulative polygenic host component that effectively regulates the progression to clinical AIDS among HIV-1-infected individuals, raising prospects for potential new avenues for therapy and improvements in AIDS prognosis.},
affiliation = {Departments of 1Microbiology and 2Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle; 3Laboratory of Genomic Diversity Basic Research Program, SAIC-Frederick, and 4Laboratory of Genomic Diversity, National Cancer Institute-Frederick, Frederick, 5Infections and Immunoepidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, and Departments of 6Epidemiology and 7Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland; 8Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, and 9San Francisco Department of Public Health, HIV Research Section, San Francisco; 10Division of Infectious Diseases, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois; 11Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 12Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham.},
pages = {},
year = {2009},
month = {Dec},
language = {ENG},
date-added = {2010-01-16 20:57:18 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-16 20:57:18 +0100},
doi = {10.1086/649842},
pmid = {20064070},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p3715},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Castel:2008p5966,
author = {Liana D Castel and Kelly A Williams and Hayden B Bosworth and Susan V Eisen and Elizabeth A Hahn and Debra E Irwin and Morgen A R Kelly and Jennifer Morse and Angela Stover and Darren A DeWalt and Robert F DeVellis},
journal = {Qual Life Res},
title = {Content validity in the PROMIS social-health domain: a qualitative analysis of focus-group data},
abstract = {PURPOSE: Our aim was to assess the content validity of the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) social health item banks by comparing a prespecified conceptual model with concepts that focus-group participants identified as important social-health-related outcomes. These data will inform the process of improving health-related quality-of-life measures. METHODS: Twenty-five patients with a range of social limitations due to chronic health conditions were recruited at two sites; four focus groups were conducted. Raters independently classified participants' statements using a hierarchical, nested schema that included health-related outcomes, role performance, role satisfaction, family/friends, work, and leisure. RESULTS: Key themes that emerged were fulfilling both family and work responsibilities and the distinction between activities done out of responsibility versus enjoyment. Although focus-group participants identified volunteerism and pet ownership as important social-health-related concepts, these were not in our original conceptual model. The concept of satisfaction was often found to overlap with the concept of performance. CONCLUSION: Our conceptual model appears comprehensive but is being further refined to more appropriately (a) distinguish between responsibilities versus discretionary activities, and (b) situate the outcome of satisfaction as it relates to impairment in social and other domains of health.},
affiliation = {Cecil G. Sheps Center for Health Services Research, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 725 Martin Luther King Jr. Blvd, CB 7590, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA. liana@unc.edu},
number = {5},
pages = {737--49},
volume = {17},
year = {2008},
month = {Jun},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Chronic Disease, Quality of Life, Adolescent, Social Adjustment, Male, Outcome Assessment (Health Care), Health Status, Child, Questionnaires, Humans, Female, Focus Groups},
date-added = {2010-02-18 23:29:31 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:48:28 +0200},
doi = {10.1007/s11136-008-9352-3},
pmid = {18478368},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Castel-2008-Qual%20Life%20Res_Content%20validity%20in.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p5966},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Crijnen:1999p3056,
author = {A A Crijnen and Thomas M Achenbach and F C Verhulst},
journal = {Am J Psychiatry},
title = {Problems reported by parents of children in multiple cultures: the Child Behavior Checklist syndrome constructs},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to compare syndromes of parent-reported problems for children in 12 cultures. METHOD: Child Behavior Checklists were analyzed for 13,697 children and adolescents, ages 6 through 17 years, from general population samples in Australia, Belgium, China, Germany, Greece, Israel, Jamaica, the Netherlands, Puerto Rico, Sweden, Thailand, and the United States. RESULTS: Comparisons of nine cultures for subjects ages 6 through 17 gave medium effect sizes for cross-cultural variations in withdrawn and social problems and small effect sizes for somatic complaints, anxious/depressed, thought problems, attention problems, delinquent behavior, and aggressive behavior. Scores of Puerto Rican subjects were the highest, whereas Swedish subjects had the lowest scores on almost all syndromes. With great cross-cultural consistency, girls obtained higher scores than boys on somatic complaints and anxious/depressed but lower scores on attention problems, delinquent behavior, and aggressive behavior. Although remarkably consistent across cultures, the developmental trends differed according to syndrome. Comparison of the 12 cultures across ages 6 through 11 supported these results. CONCLUSIONS: Empirically based assessment in terms of Child Behavior Checklist syndromes permits comparisons of problems reported for children from diverse cultures.},
affiliation = {Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Sophia Children's Hospital, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.},
number = {4},
pages = {569--74},
volume = {156},
year = {1999},
month = {Apr},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Cross-Cultural Comparison, Adolescent Psychology, Aggression, Parents, Child Behavior Disorders, Male, Adolescent, Age Distribution, Personality Inventory, Humans, Female, Age Factors, Depressive Disorder, Sex Distribution, Psychometrics, Anxiety Disorders, Random Allocation, Personality Assessment, Child, Mental Disorders, Sex Factors},
date-added = {2010-01-14 11:26:51 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 20:15:47 +0200},
pmid = {10200736},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p3056},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Pigeot:2003p6467,
author = {Iris Pigeot and Juliane Sch{\"a}fer and Joachim R{\"o}hmel and Dieter Hauschke},
journal = {Stat Med},
title = {Assessing non-inferiority of a new treatment in a three-arm clinical trial including a placebo},
abstract = {In non-inferiority trials, where non-inferiority of a new experimental drug compared to an active control has to be shown, it may be advisable to use an additional placebo group for internal validation if ethically justifiable. The focus of this paper is on such designs. Assuming normality and homogeneity of variances we will derive a statistical test procedure which turns out to be equivalent to the assessment based on Fieller's confidence interval. Based on the power function of this test, sample size calculations are carried out to achieve a given power. Additionally, the optimal allocation of the total sample size is derived. As an alternative to this parametric procedure, the bootstrap percentile interval is discussed and finally compared with Fieller's confidence interval in a study on mildly asthmatic patients.},
affiliation = {Institute of Statistics, University of Bremen, Postfach 330440, 28334 Bremen, Germany. pigeot@bips.uni-bremen.de},
number = {6},
pages = {883--99},
volume = {22},
year = {2003},
month = {Mar},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Data Interpretation: Statistical, Anti-Asthmatic Agents, Controlled Clinical Trials as Topic, Sample Size, Therapeutic Equivalency, Vital Capacity, Confidence Intervals, Research Design, Asthma, Numerical Analysis: Computer-Assisted, Humans},
date-added = {2010-02-23 08:34:06 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-02-23 08:34:06 +0100},
doi = {10.1002/sim.1450},
pmid = {12627407},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Pigeot-2003-Stat%20Med_Assessing%20non-inferi.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p6467},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Kim:2007p378,
author = {Seo Young Kim and Jae Won Lee},
journal = {Stat Methods Med Res},
title = {Ensemble clustering method based on the resampling similarity measure for gene expression data},
abstract = {The rapid development of microarray technologies enabled the monitoring of expression levels of thousands of genes simultaneously. Microarray technology has great potential for creating an enormous amount of data in a short time, and now becomes a new tool for studying such broad problems as classification of tumors in biology and medical science. Many statistical methods are available for analysing and systematizing these complex data into meaningful information, and one of the main goals in analysing gene expression data is the detection of samples or genes with similar expression patterns. In this paper, we developed a new clustering method of class discovery in a dataset. The performances of the new and existing methods were compared using both simulated data and real gene expression data. The proposed method was generally found to give more accurate cluster numbers and cluster assignments for individual objects than the three well-known general clustering methods such as agglomerative and divisive hierarchical clustering (HC) and self-organizing map (SOM). It also gave better results than the three consensus clustering methods based on agglomerative and divisive HC and SOM.},
affiliation = {Research Institute for Basic Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea.},
number = {6},
pages = {539--64},
volume = {16},
year = {2007},
month = {Dec},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Algorithms, Cluster Analysis, Humans, Sampling Studies, Korea, Gene Expression},
date-added = {2010-01-03 11:49:48 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-11 09:52:17 +0200},
doi = {10.1177/0962280206071842},
pii = {0962280206071842},
pmid = {17698931},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Kim-2007-Stat%20Methods%20Med%20Res_Ensemble%20clustering.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p378},
rating = {3}
}

@article{Yamamoto:2002p6898,
author = {K Yamamoto},
title = {Estimating pisa students on the IALS prose literacy scale},
year = {2002},
date-added = {2010-03-06 11:12:48 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-11 09:38:53 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Yamamoto-2002-_Estimating%20pisa%20stud-1.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p6898},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Diehr:2006p13504,
author = {P Diehr and L Chen and D L Patrick and Z Feng and Y Yasui},
journal = {UW Biostatistics Working Paper Series},
title = {Reliability, Effect Size, and Responsiveness and Intraclass Correlation of Health Status Measures Used in Randomized and Cluster-Randomized Trials},
abstract = {Background: New health status instruments are described by psychometric properties, such as Reliability, Effect Size, and Responsiveness. For cluster- randomized trials, another important statistic is the Intraclass Correlation for the instrument within clusters. Studies using better instruments can be per- formed with smaller sample sizes, but better instruments may be more expen- sive in terms of dollars, lost opportunities, or poorer data quality due to the response burden of longer instruments. Investigators often need to estimate the psychometric properties of a new instrument, or of an established instrument in a new setting. Optimal sample sizes for estimating these properties have not been studied in detail.
Methods: We examined the power of a two-sample test as a function of the Reliability, Effect Size, Responsiveness, and Intraclass Correlation of the instru- ment. We calculated the ``cost-effectiveness'' of using a 1-item versus a 5-item measure of mental health status. We also used simulation to determine formu- las for the sample size needed to estimate the psychometric statistics accurately.
Findings: Under the usual model for measurement error, the psychometric statistics are all functions of the same error term. In randomized trials, a poorer instrument can achieve the desired power if the number of persons per treat- ment group is increased. In cluster-randomized trials, adequate power may be obtained by increasing the number of clusters per treatment group (and often the number of persons per cluster), as well as by choosing a better instrument.},
number = {284},
year = {2006},
date-added = {2010-07-07 20:40:54 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:55:10 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Diehr-2006-UW%20Biostatistics%20Working%20Paper%20Series_Reliability%20Effect-1.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p13504},
rating = {5}
}

@article{Turkheimer:2003p7713,
author = {Eric Turkheimer and Andreana Haley and Mary Waldron and Brian D'Onofrio and Irving I Gottesman},
journal = {Psychol Sci},
title = {Socioeconomic status modifies heritability of IQ in young children},
abstract = {Scores on the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children were analyzed in a sample of 7-year-old twins from the National Collaborative Perinatal Project. A substantial proportion of the twins were raised in families living near or below the poverty level. Biometric analyses were conducted using models allowing for components attributable to the additive effects of genotype, shared environment, and nonshared environment to interact with socioeconomic status (SES) measured as a continuous variable. Results demonstrate that the proportions of IQ variance attributable to genes and environment vary nonlinearly with SES. The models suggest that in impoverished families, 60% of the variance in IQ is accounted for by the shared environment, and the contribution of genes is close to zero; in affluent families, the result is almost exactly the reverse.},
affiliation = {University of Virginia, Charlottesville 22904, USA. ent3c@virginia.edu},
number = {6},
pages = {623--8},
volume = {14},
year = {2003},
month = {Nov},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Humans, Biometry, United States, Child: Preschool, Follow-Up Studies, Socioeconomic Factors, Intelligence, Cognition Disorders},
date-added = {2010-03-15 23:52:11 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:46:15 +0200},
pii = {psci_1475},
pmid = {14629696},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Turkheimer-2003-Psychol%20Sci_Socioeconomic%20status.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p7713},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Landauer:1998,
author = {T K Landauer and P W Foltz and D Laham},
journal = {Discourse Processes},
title = {An introduction to latent semantic analyses},
pages = {259--284},
volume = {25},
year = {1998},
date-added = {2010-01-10 11:33:24 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-10 11:33:25 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Landauer-1998-Discourse%20Processes_An%20introduction%20to%20l.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p2027},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Dalmasso:2007p10043,
author = {Cyril Dalmasso and Joseph Pickrell and Marianne Tuefferd and Emmanuelle G{\'e}nin and Catherine Bourgain and Philippe Bro{\"e}t},
journal = {BMC Proc},
title = {A mixture model approach to multiple testing for the genetic analysis of gene expression},
abstract = {With the availability of very dense genome-wide maps of markers, multiple testing has become a major difficulty for genetic studies. In this context, the false-discovery rate (FDR) and related criteria are widely used. Here, we propose a finite mixture model to estimate the local FDR (lFDR), the FDR, and the false non-discovery rate (FNR) in variance-component linkage analysis. Our parametric approach allows empirical estimation of an appropriate null distribution. The contribution of our model to estimation of FDR and related criteria is illustrated on the microarray expression profiles data set provided by the Genetic Analysis Workshop 15 Problem 1.},
affiliation = {JE 2492 Universite Paris-Sud, H{\^o}pital Paul Brousse - Batiment 15/16, 16 Avenue Paul Vaillant Couturier, Villejuif CEDEX 94807, France. dalmasso@vjf.inserm.fr},
pages = {S141},
volume = {1 Suppl 1},
year = {2007},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
date-added = {2010-03-31 20:12:26 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:21:19 +0200},
pmid = {18466485},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Dalmasso-2007-BMC%20Proc_A%20mixture%20model%20appr.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p10043},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Muller:2001p2351,
author = {K R M{\"u}ller and S Mika and G R{\"a}tsch and K Tsuda and B Sch{\"o}lkopf},
journal = {IEEE Trans Neural Netw},
title = {An introduction to kernel-based learning algorithms},
number = {2},
pages = {181--202},
volume = {12},
year = {2001},
date-added = {2010-01-10 13:35:11 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-10 13:36:47 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/M%C3%BCller-2001-IEEE%20Trans%20Neural%20Netw_An%20introduction%20to%20k.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p2351},
rating = {0}
}

@book{Longford:1993,
author = {N T Longford},
journal = {Book},
title = {Random coefficient models},
year = {1993},
date-added = {2010-01-03 19:37:35 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:21:41 +0200},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1108},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Carriere:2002p14256,
author = {Isabelle Carri{\`e}re and Jean Bouyer},
journal = {BMC Med Res Methodol},
title = {Choosing marginal or random-effects models for longitudinal binary responses: application to self-reported disability among older persons},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Longitudinal studies with binary repeated outcomes are now widespread in epidemiology. The statistical analysis of these studies presents difficulties and standard methods are inadequate. METHODS: We consider strategies for modelling binary repeated responses and focus on two specific issues: the choice between marginal and random-effects models, and the choice of the time point origin. These issues are addressed using the example of self-reported disability in older women assessed annually for 6 years. The indicator of disability "needing help to go outdoors or home-confined" is used. RESULTS: In view of the observed associations between the responses for consecutive years, the baseline response was considered as a covariate. We compared the marginal and random-effects models first when only the influence of time and age is analysed and second when individual risk factors are studied in an aetiological perspective. There were substantial differences between the parameter estimates. They were due to differences between specific concepts related to the two models and the large between-individual heterogeneity revealed by the analysis. CONCLUSIONS: A random-effects model appears to be most suitable for the analysis of self-reported disability in older women.},
affiliation = {INSERM Unit{\'e} 500, 39 avenue Charles Flahault, Montpellier, France. carriere@montp.inserm.fr},
pages = {15},
volume = {2},
year = {2002},
month = {Dec},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Multivariate Analysis, Activities of Daily Living, Disability Evaluation, Questionnaires, Longitudinal Studies, Self Concept, Aged: 80 and over, Models: Statistical, Female, Humans, Aged, Risk Factors},
date-added = {2010-08-22 21:11:58 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-08-22 21:12:54 +0200},
pmid = {12466027},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Carri%C3%A8re-2002-BMC%20Med%20Res%20Methodol_Choosing%20marginal%20or.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p14256},
rating = {4}
}

@article{Rindskopf:2002p6827,
author = {D Rindskopf},
journal = {Joint Statistical Meetings},
title = {THE USE OF LATENT CLASS ANALYSIS IN MEDICAL DIAGNOSIS},
pages = {2912--2916},
year = {2002},
date-added = {2010-03-05 22:31:44 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-03-05 22:32:49 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Rindskopf-2002-Joint%20Statistical%20Meetings_THE%20USE%20OF%20LATENT%20CL.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p6827},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Anselin:2004p3500,
author = {L Anselin},
title = {Review of Cluster Analysis Software},
year = {2004},
date-added = {2010-01-15 15:31:39 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-15 15:32:07 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Anselin-2004-_Review%20of%20Cluster%20An.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p3500},
rating = {0}
}

@book{Dudoit2008,
author = {S Dudoit and M J van der Laan},
journal = {Book},
title = {Multiple testing procedures with applications to genomics},
year = {2008},
date-added = {2010-01-12 14:26:46 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-12 14:26:52 +0100},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p2540},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Borsboom:2009p5479,
author = {D Borsboom and A O J Cramer and R A Kievit and A Z Scholten and S Franic},
title = {The end of construct validity},
abstract = {Construct validity theory holds that (a) validity is a property of test score inter- pretations in terms of constructs that (b) reflects the strength of the evidence for these interpretations. In this paper, we argue that this view has absurd consequences. For instance, following construct validity theory, test score in- terpretations that deny that anything is measured by a test may themselves have a high degree of construct validity. In addition, construct validity theory implies that now defunct test score interpretations, like those attached to phlogiston measures in the 17th century, `were valid' at the time but `became invalid' when the theory of phlogiston was refuted. We propose an alternative view that holds that (a) validity is a property of measurement instruments that (b) codes whether these instruments are sensitive to variation in a targeted attribute. This theory avoids the absurdities of construct validity theory, and is broadly consistent with the view, commonly held by working researchers and textbook writers but not construct validity theorists, that a test is valid if it measures what it should measure. Finally, we discuss some pressing problems in psychological measurement that are salient within our conceptualization, and argue that the time has come to face them.},
year = {2009},
date-added = {2010-02-12 14:40:12 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-02-12 14:41:31 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Borsboom-2009-_The%20end%20of%20construct.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p5479},
read = {Yes},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Ahmad:2007p12884,
author = {W Ahmad and A Khokhar},
journal = {VLDB},
title = {cHawk: An Efficient Biclustering Algorithm based on Bipartite Graph Crossing Minimization},
abstract = {Biclustering is a very useful data mining technique for gene expression analysis and profiling. It helps identify pat- terns where different genes are co-related based on a subset of conditions. Bipartite Spectral partitioning is a power- ful technique to achieve biclustering but its computation complexity is prohibitive for applications dealing with large input data. We provide a connection between spectral par- titioning and crossing minimization which is amenable to ef- ficient implementations. Theoretical construction of Biclus- tering model based on crossing minimization is provided. Based on this model, an efficient biclustering algorithm, which is termed as cHawk, is developed. We have evaluated cHawk on both synthetic and real data sets. We show that cHawk is able to identify, with good accuracy, constant, co- herent and overlapped biclusters amid noise. Moreover, its execution time grows linearly with input data size.},
year = {2007},
date-added = {2010-06-24 13:12:35 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-06-24 13:13:14 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Ahmad-2007-VLDB_cHawk%20An%20Efficient.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p12884},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Jambu:1976p2713,
author = {M Jambu},
journal = {Revue de Statistique Appliqu{\'e}e},
title = {Sur l'interpr{\'e}tation mutuelle d'une classification hi{\'e}rarchique et d'une analyse des correspondances},
number = {2},
pages = {45--73},
volume = {24},
year = {1976},
date-added = {2010-01-13 13:58:26 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-13 13:59:25 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Jambu-1976-Revue%20de%20Statistique%20Appliqu%C3%A9e_Sur%20l'interpr%C3%A9tation.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p2713},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Stoltenberg:2010p7660,
author = {Scott F Stoltenberg and Parthasarathi Nag},
journal = {Behav Genet},
title = {Description and validation of a dynamical systems model of presynaptic serotonin function: genetic variation, brain activation and impulsivity},
abstract = {Despite more than a decade of empirical work on the role of genetic polymorphisms in the serotonin system on behavior, the details across levels of analysis are not well understood. We describe a mathematical model of the genetic control of presynaptic serotonergic function that is based on control theory, implemented using systems of differential equations, and focused on better characterizing pathways from genes to behavior. We present the results of model validation tests that include the comparison of simulation outcomes with empirical data on genetic effects on brain response to affective stimuli and on impulsivity. Patterns of simulated neural firing were consistent with recent findings of additive effects of serotonin transporter and tryptophan hydroxylase-2 polymorphisms on brain activation. In addition, simulated levels of cerebral spinal fluid 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (CSF 5-HIAA) were negatively correlated with Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (Version 11) Total scores in college students (r = -.22, p = .002, N = 187), which is consistent with the well-established negative correlation between CSF 5-HIAA and impulsivity. The results of the validation tests suggest that the model captures important aspects of the genetic control of presynaptic serotonergic function and behavior via brain activation. The proposed model can be: (1) extended to include other system components, neurotransmitter systems, behaviors and environmental influences; (2) used to generate testable hypotheses.},
affiliation = {Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 238 Burnett Hall, Lincoln, NE, 68588-0308, USA. sstoltenberg2@unl.edu},
number = {2},
pages = {262--79},
volume = {40},
year = {2010},
month = {Mar},
language = {eng},
date-added = {2010-03-15 23:33:41 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 20:09:06 +0200},
doi = {10.1007/s10519-010-9335-3},
pmid = {20111992},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Stoltenberg-2010-Behav%20Genet_Description%20and%20vali.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p7660},
rating = {3}
}

@article{Cairney:2009p5090,
author = {John Cairney and John A Hay and Scott Veldhuizen and Cheryl Missiuna and Brent E Faught},
journal = {Dev Med Child Neurol},
title = {Developmental coordination disorder, sex, and activity deficit over time: a longitudinal analysis of participation trajectories in children with and without coordination difficulties},
abstract = {Aim Children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) are known to participate in active play less than typically developing children. However, it is not known whether the activity deficit between children with and without DCD widens or diminishes over time. Method Data were obtained from a large, prospective cohort study of children (baseline n=2278, total n=2470). Motor coordination was assessed for 2083 students using the short form of the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency. Participation in organized and free-play activities was assessed using a participation questionnaire on five occasions over 3 years. Mixed-effects modelling was used to examine differences in participation over time between children with probable DCD (pDCD, n=111, 46 males, 65 females) and their typically developing peers (n=1972, 1016 males, 956 females). The mean age for the whole sample was 9 years 11 months (SD 5mo) at assessment 1, 10 years 5 months (SD 5mo) at assessment 2, 10 years 11 months (SD 5mo) at assessment 3, 11 years 4 months (SD 4mo) at assessment 4, and 11 years 11 months (SD 4mo) at assessment 5. Results Children with pDCD reported less participation in organized and free-play activities than their typically developing peers, and these differences persisted over time. Among males, the gap in participation in free-play activities between those with DCD and typically developing children diminished substantially over time; among females, it increased slightly. Interpretation DCD is associated with a persistent activity deficit in children. Its effect on participation appears to be particularly serious among females but may diminish with time among males.},
affiliation = {Departments of Family Medicine, Psychiatry {\&} Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.},
pages = {},
year = {2009},
month = {Dec},
language = {ENG},
date-added = {2010-02-05 20:16:47 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:25:11 +0200},
doi = {10.1111/j.1469-8749.2009.03520.x},
pii = {DMCN3520},
pmid = {20015253},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p5090},
rating = {0}
}

@article{McHardy:2003p11304,
author = {A C McHardy},
title = {Gene Finding and the Evaluation of Synonymous Codon Usage Features in Microbial Genomes},
year = {2003},
date-added = {2010-04-26 22:39:20 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-04-26 22:40:22 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/McHardy-2003-_Gene%20Finding%20and%20the.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p11304},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Prince:1998,
author = {MJ Prince and RH Harwood and A Thomas and AH Mann},
journal = {Psychol Med},
title = {A prospective population-based cohort study of the effects of disablement and social milieu on the onset and maintenance of late-life depression. The Gospel Oak Project VII},
abstract = {Background. Population-based studies suggest substantial co-morbidity between physical illness and depression in late-life. However, a causal relationship has not been established. If a relationship exists, it is important to establish which aspects of poor health determine risk for depression, and which factors confer vulnerability or resilience in the face of poor health. We investigate the role of disablement, measured as impairment, disability and handicap. Methods. A prospective population-based cohort study, comprising an index assessment and 1 year follow-up, of all residents aged 65 years or over, of an electoral ward in London, UK (N=889). Results. The prevalence of SHORT-CARE pervasive depression was 17·7% at index assessment. The 1 year onset rate for pervasive depression was 12·0%, and the 1 year maintenance rate 63·2%. There was a high mortality rate among the depressed. Disablement, particularly handicap was the most important predictor of the onset of depression (population attributable fraction, 0·69). Lack of contact with friends was a direct risk factor but also modified the association between handicap and depression. Marriage was protective for men, but a risk factor for women. Maintenance of depression was predicted by low levels of social support and social participation, rather than by disablement. Conclusions. It seems likely that disablement, specifically handicap, is the chief cause of onsets of depression in late-life. Genetic predisposition, early adversity and serious life events may play a less prominent role than in earlier life. Effective prevention of late-life depression requires attention at the structural level to the sources of handicap within communities.},
pages = {337--350},
volume = {28},
year = {1998},
date-added = {2010-01-03 19:36:10 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-03 19:36:10 +0100},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1065},
rating = {0}
}

@article{GarciaCampayo:2010p4757,
author = {Javier Garcia-Campayo and Enric Zamorano and Miguel A Ruiz and Antonio Pardo and Maria Perez-Paramo and Vanessa Lopez-Gomez and Olga Freire and Javier Rejas},
journal = {Health Qual Life Outcomes},
title = {Cultural adaptation into Spanish of the generalized anxiety disorder-7 (GAD-7) scale as a screening tool},
abstract = {ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a prevalent mental health condition which is underestimated worldwide. This study carried out the cultural adaptation into Spanish of the 7-item self-administered GAD-7 scale, which is used to identify probable patients with GAD. Methods: The adaptation was performed by an expert panel using a conceptual equivalence process, including forward and backward translations in duplicate. Content validity was assessed by interrater agreement. Criteria validity was explored using ROC curve analysis, and sensitivity, specificity, predictive positive value and negative value for different cut-off values were determined. Concurrent validity was also explored using the HAM-A, HADS, and WHO-DAS-II scales. Results: The study sample consisted of 212 subjects (106 patients with GAD) with a mean age of 50.38 years (SD=16.76). Average completion time was 2'30''. No items of the scale were left blank. Floor and ceiling effects were negligible. No patients with GAD had to be assisted to fill in the questionnaire. The scale was shown to be one-dimensional through factor analysis (explained variance=72%). A cut-off point of 10 showed adequate values of sensitivity (86.8%) and specificity (93.4%), with AUC being statistically significant [AUC=0.957 (0.930-0.985); p<0.001]. The scale significantly correlated with HAM-A (0.852, p<0.001), HADS (anxiety domain, 0.903, p<0.001), and WHO-DAS II (0.696, p>0.001). Limitations: Elderly people, particularly those very old, may need some help to complete the scale. Conclusion: After the cultural adaptation process, a Spanish version of the GAD-7 scale was obtained. The validity of its content and the relevance and adequacy of items in the Spanish cultural context were confirmed.},
number = {1},
pages = {8},
volume = {8},
year = {2010},
month = {Jan},
language = {ENG},
date-added = {2010-02-01 12:41:56 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-02-01 12:41:56 +0100},
doi = {10.1186/1477-7525-8-8},
pii = {1477-7525-8-8},
pmid = {20089179},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Garcia-Campayo-2010-Health%20and%20Quality%20of%20Life%20Outcomes_Cultural%20adaptation-1.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p4757},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Reuter:2009p8908,
author = {Martin Reuter and Bernd Weber and Christian J Fiebach and Christian Elger and Christian Montag},
journal = {Behav Brain Res},
title = {The biological basis of anger: associations with the gene coding for DARPP-32 (PPP1R1B) and with amygdala volume},
abstract = {Recent findings have highlighted the importance of DARPP-32 (dopamine- and cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein, 32 kDa), a key regulatory molecule in the dopaminergic signalling pathway for dopamine related phenotypes like antisocial-behavior, drug addiction and schizophrenia. This is the first study investigating the role of the DARPP-32 gene for personality. In a sample of n=838 healthy German Caucasian subjects we found a significant association between rs907094 and ANGER. Carriers of the T-allele showed significantly higher ANGER scores than participants without a T-allele (F((1,837))=9.52, p=0.002). In a second step we validated self-report data of ANGER by investigating their relation to structural brain differences in anger-related brain regions using voxel-based morphometry. A negative association between ANGER scores and the volume of the left amygdala could be detected. The present findings yield genetic evidence for the importance of dopaminergic signal transduction for the personality trait of ANGER. In addition volumetric MRI data support the role of the amygdala for the processing of anger.},
affiliation = {Department of Psychology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany. martin.reuter@uni-bonn-diff.de},
number = {2},
pages = {179--83},
volume = {202},
year = {2009},
month = {Sep},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Gene Frequency, Brain, Adult, Personality Tests, Analysis of Variance, Personality, Male, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Organ Size, Amygdala, Dopamine and cAMP-Regulated Phosphoprotein 32, Anger, Genotype, Sequence Analysis: DNA, Female, Humans},
date-added = {2010-03-22 12:56:48 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:18:59 +0200},
doi = {10.1016/j.bbr.2009.03.032},
pii = {S0166-4328(09)00195-8},
pmid = {19463699},
URL = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6SYP-4VYXMF7-3&_user=2432700&_coverDate=09%252F14%252F2009&_rdoc=1&_fmt=high&_orig=search&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_acct=C000057263&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=2432700&md5=4d64cf5dfd34519e315b551990f8bc3c},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Reuter-2009-Behav%20Brain%20Res_The%20biological%20basis.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p8908},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Reise:1995p2706,
author = {S P Reise},
journal = {Applied Psychological Measurement},
title = {Scoring Method and the Detection of Person Misfit in a Personality Assessment Context},
number = {3},
pages = {213--229},
volume = {19},
year = {1995},
date-added = {2010-01-13 10:24:04 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:16:54 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Reise-1995-Applied%20Psychological%20Measurement_Scoring%20Method%20and%20t.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p2706},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Schrider:2010p3704,
author = {Daniel R Schrider and Matthew W Hahn},
journal = {Mol Biol Evol},
title = {Lower linkage disequilibrium at CNVs is due to both recurrent mutation and transposing duplications},
abstract = {Copy number variants (CNVs) within humans can have both adaptive and deleterious effects. Because of their phenotypic significance, researchers have attempted to find single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in high linkage disequilibrium (LD) with CNVs to use in genomewide association studies. However, studies have found that CNVs are less likely to be in strong LD with flanking markers. We hypothesized that this "taggability gap" can be explained by duplication events that place paralogous sequences far apart. In support of our hypothesis, we find that duplications are significantly less likely than deletions to have a "tag" SNP, even after controlling for CNV length, allele frequency, and availability of appropriate flanking SNPs. Using a novel likelihood method, we are able to show that many complex CNVs--those due to multiple duplication or deletion polymorphisms--are made up of two loci with little LD between them. Additionally, we find that many polymorphic duplications detected in a recent clone-based study are located far from their parental loci. We also examine two other common hypotheses for the taggability gap, and find that recurrent mutation of both deletions and duplications appears to have an effect on LD, but that lower SNP density around CNVs has no effect. Overall, our results suggest that a substantial fraction of CNVs caused by duplication cannot be tagged by markers flanking the parental locus because they have changed genomic location.},
affiliation = {Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA.},
number = {1},
pages = {103--11},
volume = {27},
year = {2010},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
date-added = {2010-01-16 20:56:33 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-16 20:56:33 +0100},
doi = {10.1093/molbev/msp210},
pii = {msp210},
pmid = {19745000},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p3704},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Kuntsi:2005p8352,
author = {Jonna Kuntsi and Penny Andreou and Jonathan Ma and Norbert A B{\"o}rger and Jaap J van der Meere},
journal = {BMC Psychiatry},
title = {Testing assumptions for endophenotype studies in ADHD: reliability and validity of tasks in a general population sample},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Advances in both genetic and cognitive-experimental studies on attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have opened new opportunities for cognitive endophenotype research. In such genetic designs the focus is on individual differences in characteristics, associated with ADHD, that can be measured reliably over time. Genetic studies that take a 'quantitative trait loci' approach hypothesise that multiple susceptibility genes contribute to a continuous dimension of ADHD symptoms. As an important initial step, we aimed to investigate the underlying assumptions that (1) key cognitive-experimental tasks indicate adequate test-retest reliability and (2) ADHD symptom scores in a general population sample are associated with performance on these tasks. METHODS: Forty-nine children were assessed on a go/no-go task and a reaction time task (the 'fast task') that included manipulations with event rate and incentives. The children were assessed twice, with a test-retest interval of two weeks. RESULTS: The majority of the task variables demonstrated moderate-to-good test-retest reliability. The correlations between teacher ratings of ADHD symptoms and key task variables were .4-.6: ADHD symptoms were associated with poor performance (especially high reaction time variability) in a slow baseline condition, whereas there was low or no association in conditions with a faster event rate or incentives. In contrast, no clear pattern of findings emerged based on parent ratings of ADHD symptoms. CONCLUSION: The data support the usefulness of the go/no-go and fast tasks for genetic studies, which require reliable and valid indices of individual differences. The overall pattern of associations between teacher ratings of ADHD symptoms and task variables is consistent with effects of event rate and incentives on performance, as predicted by the model of activation and arousal regulation. The lack of a clear pattern of findings with parent ratings of ADHD symptoms warrants further study.},
affiliation = {MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK. j.kuntsi@iop.kcl.ac.uk},
pages = {40},
volume = {5},
year = {2005},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Wechsler Scales, Male, Psychomotor Performance, Research Design, Reaction Time, Individuality, Female, Teaching, Inhibition (Psychology), Child, Phenotype, Reproducibility of Results, Task Performance and Analysis, Humans, Neuropsychological Tests, Adolescent, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales},
date-added = {2010-03-21 12:54:07 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-03-21 12:54:07 +0100},
doi = {10.1186/1471-244X-5-40},
pii = {1471-244X-5-40},
pmid = {16262903},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Kuntsi-2005-BMC%20Psychiatry_Testing%20assumptions.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p8352},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Elias:1998p1668,
author = {S Elias and J Hattie and G Douglas},
title = {An Assessment of Various Item Response Model and Structural Equation Model Fit Indices To Detect Unidimensionality},
abstract = {A fundamental problem in structural modeling and item response modeling is to determine whether a set items is unidimensional. Both models have a plethora of fit indicators, and the aim of this study is to compare the Stout T-statistic derived within item response modeling with many competing indices used in structural equation modeling to assess unidimensionality. Given that it is rare to find a ``perfectly'' unidimensional test, a further aim is to ascertain how many items from a second dimension are necessary before the various indices indicate that the item set is no longer ``essentially'' unidimensional.},
year = {1998},
date-added = {2010-01-08 22:12:04 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-08 22:12:42 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Elias-1998-_An%20Assessment%20of%20Var.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1668},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Wu:2009p5017,
author = {Tzee-Chung Wu and Po-Hon Chen},
journal = {Pediatrics and neonatology},
title = {Health consequences of nutrition in childhood and early infancy},
abstract = {Medical and scientific studies have proven that the body's metabolic programming can be influenced by diet and nutrition from early infancy. As a result, the incidence and outcome of several metabolic diseases such as obesity, hypertension and cardiovascular disorders have been found to be associated with birth weight, growth and feeding patterns, and the body composition in early childhood. Exclusive or partial breast feeding for at least 6 months is recommended by the World Health Organization, while the European Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition Committee on Nutrition recommends the introduction of complementary foods at 4-6 months of age. The fat content of the diet should not be below 25% of the energy intake in order to maintain ideal growth while dietary proteins above 15% of the energy intake is related to future obesity. Long term benefits of breast feeding include a more ideal serum lipid profile and blood pressure, improved neuro-cognitive scores, and a decreased incidence for atopic dermatitis in children who have family members with atopic diseases. Several studies have also acknowledged the long term benefits for neuro-cognitive development from certain nutrients including long-chain polyunstaturated fatty acids and docosahexaenoic acid. Meat intake has proved to be beneficial to psychomotor development. It is suggested that early introduction for complementary foods before 4 months of age is a risk factor for atopic dermatitis; while no strong evidence showed delaying weaning foods can decrease the risk for allergic diseases.},
affiliation = {Children's Medical Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, National Yang Ming University, School of Medicine, Taiwan. tcwu@vghtpe.gov.tw},
number = {4},
pages = {135--42},
volume = {50},
year = {2009},
month = {Aug},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Cognition, Hypersensitivity, Child, Humans, Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Growth, Child: Preschool, Cardiovascular Diseases, Nutritional Requirements, Obesity, Infant, Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Breast Feeding},
date-added = {2010-02-05 19:57:42 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-02-05 19:57:42 +0100},
pmid = {19750886},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p5017},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Strehl:2002p14295,
author = {A Strehl and J Ghosh},
journal = {Journal of Machine Learning},
title = {Cluster Ensembles -- A Knowledge Reuse Framework for Combining Multiple Partitions},
abstract = {This paper introduces the problem of combining multiple partitionings of a set of objects into a single consolidated clustering without accessing the features or algorithms that deter- mined these partitionings. We first identify several application scenarios for the resultant `knowledge reuse' framework that we call cluster ensembles. The cluster ensemble prob- lem is then formalized as a combinatorial optimization problem in terms of shared mutual information. In addition to a direct maximization approach, we propose three effective and efficient techniques for obtaining high-quality combiners (consensus functions). The first combiner induces a similarity measure from the partitionings and then reclusters the objects. The second combiner is based on hypergraph partitioning. The third one collapses groups of clusters into meta-clusters which then compete for each object to determine the combined clustering. Due to the low computational costs of our techniques, it is quite feasible to use a supra-consensus function that evaluates all three approaches against the objective function and picks the best solution for a given situation. We evaluate the ef- fectiveness of cluster ensembles in three qualitatively different application scenarios: (i) where the original clusters were formed based on non-identical sets of features, (ii) where the original clustering algorithms worked on non-identical sets of objects, and (iii) where a common data-set is used and the main purpose of combining multiple clusterings is to improve the quality and robustness of the solution. Promising results are obtained in all three situations for synthetic as well as real data-sets.},
pages = {583--617},
volume = {3},
year = {2002},
date-added = {2010-08-24 14:13:21 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-08-24 14:14:16 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Strehl-2002-Journal%20of%20Machine%20Learning_Cluster%20Ensembles%20%E2%80%93.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p14295},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Gobbini:2007p4767,
author = {M Ida Gobbini and James V Haxby},
journal = {Neuropsychologia},
title = {Neural systems for recognition of familiar faces},
abstract = {Immediate access to information about people that we encounter is an essential requirement for effective social interactions. In this manuscript we briefly review our work and work of others on familiar face recognition and propose a modified version of our model of neural systems for face perception with a special emphasis on processes associated with recognition of familiar faces. We argue that visual appearance is only one component of successful recognition of familiar individuals. Other fundamental aspects include the retrieval of "person knowledge" - the representation of the personal traits, intentions, and outlook of someone we know - and the emotional response we experience when seeing a familiar individual. Specifically, we hypothesize that the "theory of mind" areas, that have been implicated in social and cognitive functions other than face perception, play an essential role in the spontaneous activation of person knowledge associated with the recognition of familiar individuals. The amygdala and the insula, structures that are involved in the representation of emotion, also are part of the distributed network of areas that are modulated by familiarity, reflecting the role of emotion in face recognition.},
affiliation = {Department of Psychology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA. mgobbini@princeton.edu},
number = {1},
pages = {32--41},
volume = {45},
year = {2007},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Humans, Photic Stimulation, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Recognition (Psychology), Nerve Net, Emotions, Face},
date-added = {2010-02-01 20:20:02 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-02-01 20:20:02 +0100},
doi = {10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2006.04.015},
pii = {S0028-3932(06)00158-8},
pmid = {16797608},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Gobbini-2007-Neuropsychologia_Neural%20systems%20for%20r.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p4767},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Mao:2007p2333,
author = {C X Mao},
journal = {Statistical Methodology},
title = {Testing list effects and diagnosing individual catchabilities in the Rasch model},
abstract = {The Rasch model is useful in the problem of estimating the population size from multiple incomplete lists. It is of great interest to tell whether there are list effects and whether individuals differ in their catchabilities. These two important model selection problems can be easily addressed conditionally. A conditional likelihood ratio test is used to evaluate the list effects and several graphical methods are used to diagnose the individual catchabilities, while neither the unknown population size nor the unknown mixing distribution of individual catchabilities is required to be estimated. Three epidemiological applications are used for illustration.},
pages = {416--422},
volume = {4},
year = {2007},
keywords = {Species richness, Graphical diagnostics, Conditional likelihoods, Capture--recapture, Population size, Homogeneity test},
date-added = {2010-01-10 13:16:48 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-10 13:18:22 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Mao-2007-Statistical%20Methodology_Testing%20list%20effects.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p2333},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Sijtsma:2006p6297,
author = {K Sijtsma and B W Junker},
journal = {Behaviormetrika},
title = {Item response Theory: Past performance, present developments, and future expectations},
number = {1},
pages = {75--102},
volume = {33},
year = {2006},
date-added = {2010-02-20 20:09:29 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-02-20 20:10:46 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Sijtsma-2006-Behaviormetrika_Item%20response%20Theory.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p6297},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Schwender:2008p1674,
author = {Holger Schwender and Katja Ickstadt},
journal = {BMC Bioinformatics},
title = {Empirical Bayes analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: An important goal of whole-genome studies concerned with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) is the identification of SNPs associated with a covariate of interest such as the case-control status or the type of cancer. Since these studies often comprise the genotypes of hundreds of thousands of SNPs, methods are required that can cope with the corresponding multiple testing problem. For the analysis of gene expression data, approaches such as the empirical Bayes analysis of microarrays have been developed particularly for the detection of genes associated with the response. However, the empirical Bayes analysis of microarrays has only been suggested for binary responses when considering expression values, i.e. continuous predictors. RESULTS: In this paper, we propose a modification of this empirical Bayes analysis that can be used to analyze high-dimensional categorical SNP data. This approach along with a generalized version of the original empirical Bayes method are available in the R package siggenes version 1.10.0 and later that can be downloaded from http://www.bioconductor.org. CONCLUSION: As applications to two subsets of the HapMap data show, the empirical Bayes analysis of microarrays cannot only be used to analyze continuous gene expression data, but also be applied to categorical SNP data, where the response is not restricted to be binary. In association studies in which typically several ten to a few hundred SNPs are considered, our approach can furthermore be employed to test interactions of SNPs. Moreover, the posterior probabilities resulting from the empirical Bayes analysis of (prespecified) interactions/genotypes can also be used to quantify the importance of these interactions.},
affiliation = {Collaborative Research Center 475, Faculty of Statistics, Dortmund University of Technology, 44221 Dortmund, Germany. holger.schw@gmx.de},
pages = {144},
volume = {9},
year = {2008},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Chromosome Mapping, Sequence Analysis: DNA, Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis, Pattern Recognition: Automated, Base Sequence, DNA, Artificial Intelligence, Polymorphism: Single Nucleotide, Sequence Alignment, Molecular Sequence Data, Algorithms, DNA Mutational Analysis},
date-added = {2010-01-08 22:23:29 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-08 22:23:29 +0100},
doi = {10.1186/1471-2105-9-144},
pii = {1471-2105-9-144},
pmid = {18325106},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Schwender-2008-BMC%20Bioinformatics_Empirical%20Bayes%20anal.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1674},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Wang:2009p3089,
author = {J C Wang and R Grucza and C Cruchaga and A L Hinrichs and S Bertelsen and J P Budde and L Fox and E Goldstein and O Reyes and N Saccone and S Saccone and X Xuei and K Bucholz and S Kuperman and J Nurnberger and J P Rice and M Schuckit and J Tischfield and V Hesselbrock and B Porjesz and H J Edenberg and L J Bierut and A M Goate},
journal = {Mol Psychiatry},
title = {Genetic variation in the CHRNA5 gene affects mRNA levels and is associated with risk for alcohol dependence},
abstract = {Alcohol dependence frequently co-occurs with cigarette smoking, another common addictive behavior. Evidence from genetic studies demonstrates that alcohol dependence and smoking cluster in families and have shared genetic vulnerability. Recently a candidate gene study in nicotine dependent cases and nondependent smoking controls reported strong associations between a missense mutation (rs16969968) in exon 5 of the CHRNA5 gene and a variant in the 3'-UTR of the CHRNA3 gene and nicotine dependence. In this study we performed a comprehensive association analysis of the CHRNA5-CHRNA3-CHRNB4 gene cluster in the Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism (COGA) families to investigate the role of genetic variants in risk for alcohol dependence. Using the family-based association test, we observed that a different group of polymorphisms, spanning CHRNA5-CHRNA3, demonstrate association with alcohol dependence defined by Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edn (DSM-IV) criteria. Using logistic regression we replicated this finding in an independent case-control series from the family study of cocaine dependence. These variants show low linkage disequilibrium with the SNPs previously reported to be associated with nicotine dependence and therefore represent an independent observation. Functional studies in human brain reveal that the variants associated with alcohol dependence are also associated with altered steady-state levels of CHRNA5 mRNA.},
affiliation = {Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA.},
number = {5},
pages = {501--10},
volume = {14},
year = {2009},
month = {May},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Brain, Logistic Models, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Alcoholism, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Humans, Cluster Analysis, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Receptors: Nicotinic, Polymorphism: Single Nucleotide, Family Health, Genome-Wide Association Study, Risk, RNA: Messenger, Linkage Disequilibrium, Gene Frequency, Cocaine-Related Disorders, Genotype},
date-added = {2010-01-14 19:56:10 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-14 19:56:10 +0100},
doi = {10.1038/mp.2008.42},
pii = {mp200842},
pmid = {18414406},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p3089},
rating = {0}
}

@article{GuggenmoosHolzmann:1998p9768,
author = {I Guggenmoos-Holzmann and R Vonk},
journal = {Stat Med},
title = {Kappa-like indices of observer agreement viewed from a latent class perspective},
abstract = {It is common practice to assess consistency of diagnostic ratings in terms of 'agreement beyond chance'. To explore the interpretation of such a term we consider relevant statistical techniques such as Cohen's kappa and log-linear models for agreement on nominal ratings. We relate these approaches to a special latent class concept that decomposes observed ratings into a class of systematically consistent and a class of fortuitous ratings. This decomposition provides a common framework in which the specific premises of Cohen's kappa and of log-linear models can be identified and put into perspective. As a result it is shown that Cohen's kappa may be an inadequate and biased index of chance-corrected agreement in studies of intra-observer as well as inter-observer consistency. We suggest a more critical use and interpretation of measures gauging observer reliability by the amount of agreement beyond chance.},
affiliation = {Institut f{\"u}r Medizinische Statistik und Informationsverarbeitung, Universit{\"a}tsklinikum Benjamin Franklin, Freie Universit{\"a}t Berlin, Germany.},
number = {8},
pages = {797--812},
volume = {17},
year = {1998},
month = {Apr},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Observer Variation, Infant: Newborn, Humans, Hypersensitivity: Immediate, Cohort Studies, Reproducibility of Results, Linear Models, Child, Adult, Probability},
date-added = {2010-03-25 15:19:06 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-03-25 15:19:25 +0100},
pii = {10.1002/(SICI)1097-0258(19980430)17:8<797::AID-SIM776>3.0.CO;2-G},
pmid = {9595612},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Guggenmoos-Holzmann-1998-Stat%20Med_Kappa-like%20indices%20o.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p9768},
rating = {3}
}

@article{Barnes:2006p12567,
author = {Sunni A Barnes and Stacy R Lindborg and John W Seaman},
journal = {Stat Med},
title = {Multiple imputation techniques in small sample clinical trials},
abstract = {Clinical trials allow researchers to draw conclusions about the effectiveness of a treatment. However, the statistical analysis used to draw these conclusions will inevitably be complicated by the common problem of attrition. Resorting to ad hoc methods such as case deletion or mean imputation can lead to biased results, especially if the amount of missing data is high. Multiple imputation, on the other hand, provides the researcher with an approximate solution that can be generalized to a number of different data sets and statistical problems. Multiple imputation is known to be statistically valid when n is large. However, questions still remain about the validity of multiple imputation for small samples in clinical trials. In this paper we investigate the small-sample performance of several multiple imputation methods, as well as the last observation carried forward method.},
affiliation = {Division of Biostatistics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, and Department of Statistical Science, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798-7140, USA. sbarnes@mayo.edu},
number = {2},
pages = {233--45},
volume = {25},
year = {2006},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Drug Evaluation, Least-Squares Analysis, Clinical Trials as Topic, Humans, Bayes Theorem, Models: Statistical, Data Interpretation: Statistical},
date-added = {2010-06-15 22:19:33 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-06-15 22:19:33 +0200},
doi = {10.1002/sim.2231},
pmid = {16220515},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Barnes-2006-Stat%20Med_Multiple%20imputation.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p12567},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Cerioli:2009p1357,
author = {A Cerioli and M Riani and A C Atkinson},
journal = {Statistical Computing},
title = {Controlling the size of multivariate outlier tests with the MCD estimator of scatter},
abstract = {Multivariate outlier detection requires computation of robust distances to be compared with appropriate cut-off points. In this paper we propose a new calibration method for obtaining reliable cut-off points of distances derived from the MCD estimator of scatter. These cut-off points are based on a more accurate estimate of the extreme tail of the distribution of robust distances. We show that our procedure gives reliable tests of outlyingness in almost all situations of practical interest, provided that the sample size is not much smaller than 50. Therefore, it is a considerable improvement over all the available MCD procedures, which are unable to provide good control over the size of multiple outlier tests for the data structures considered in this paper.},
pages = {341--353},
volume = {19},
year = {2009},
keywords = {Minimum covariance determinant estimator, Multiple outliers, Simulation, Simultaneous testing, Robust distances, Calibration factor},
date-added = {2010-01-07 11:45:01 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-07 11:47:27 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Cerioli-2009-Statistical%20Computing_Controlling%20the%20size.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1357},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Legleye:2010p13256,
author = {St{\'e}phane Legleye and Ivana Obradovic and Eric Janssen and Stanislas Spilka and Olivier Le N{\'e}zet and Fran{\c c}ois Beck},
journal = {Eur J Public Health},
title = {Influence of cannabis use trajectories, grade repetition and family background on the school-dropout rate at the age of 17 years in France},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Research has shown that cannabis use contributes to school dropout, but few studies have distinguished the age at onset of use from the age at progression to daily use neither their interaction with grade repetition. METHODS: This study is based on a French representative cross-sectional survey (N = 29,393 teenagers aged 17 years) and uses retrospective data. The influence of drug-use patterns <16 years of age on school-dropout rates (5.3%) are modelled with logistic regressions among boys and girls. RESULTS: The main factors associated with dropout were a low family socio-economic status, early grade repetition, single-parent families and daily tobacco smoking (ORa > or = 2.6). The link with the move to daily cannabis use was more evident when it occurred <14 years of age (ORa = 2.05 for boys and 3.41 for girls) rather than at > or =15 years (ORa = 1.45 for both sexes). The onset of cannabis use was not significant when occurring <14 years of age, but was linked to school attainment when occurring at age 15-16 years (ORa = 0.80 for boys and 0.64 for girls). Results are similar for alcohol use. Repeating a grade before beginning to use cannabis increased the dropout rates compared with the opposite sequence. Girls were more affected by early grade repetition and by early and daily cannabis use. CONCLUSION: Cannabis use is rarely a trigger for grade repetition but can have either damaging or positive effects on school attainment depending of the level of use. Positive social competence reflected by peer initiation should be investigated to understand this paradoxical effect.},
affiliation = {French Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction - Observatoire Fran{\c c}ais des Drogues et des Toxicomanies, Paris, France. stleg@ofdt.fr},
number = {2},
pages = {157--63},
volume = {20},
year = {2010},
month = {Apr},
language = {eng},
date-added = {2010-07-01 18:18:35 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-07-01 18:18:38 +0200},
doi = {10.1093/eurpub/ckp148},
pii = {ckp148},
pmid = {19805506},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Legleye-2010-Eur%20J%20Public%20Health_Influence%20of%20cannabi.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p13256},
rating = {2}
}

@article{Rammstedt:2010p13935,
author = {Beatrice Rammstedt and Lewis R Goldberg and Ingwer Borg},
journal = {Journal of Research in Personality},
title = {The measurement equivalence of Big Five factor markers for persons with different levels of education},
abstract = {Previous findings suggest that the Big-Five factor structure is not guaranteed in samples with lower educational levels. The present study investigates the Big-Five factor structure in two large samples representative of the German adult population. In both samples, the Big-Five factor structure emerged only in a blurry way at lower educational levels, whereas for highly educated persons it emerged with textbook-like clarity. Because well-educated persons are most comparable to the usual subjects of psychological research, it might be asked if the Big Five are limited to such persons. Our data contradict this conclusion. There are strong individual differences in acquiescence response tendencies among less highly educated persons. After controlling for this bias the Big-Five model holds at all educational levels.},
affiliation = {Leibniz-Institute for the Social Sciences, GESIS, Mannheim, Germany.},
number = {4},
pages = {53--61},
volume = {44},
year = {2010},
month = {Feb},
language = {ENG},
date-added = {2010-07-29 18:59:33 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 18:59:33 +0200},
doi = {10.1016/j.jrp.2009.10.005},
pmid = {20401177},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Rammstedt-2010-Journal%20of%20Research%20in%20Personality_The%20measurement%20equi-1.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p13935},
rating = {0}
}

@article{MacCann:2006,
author = {R G MacCann and G Stanley},
journal = {Practical Assessment Research {\&} Evaluation},
title = {The Use of Rasch Modeling To Improve Standard Setting},
number = {2},
volume = {11},
year = {2006},
date-added = {2010-01-10 11:33:09 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:44:42 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/MacCann-2006-Practical%20Assessment%20Research%20%20&%20Evaluation_The%20Use%20of%20Rasch%20Mod.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1936},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Liu:2005,
author = {I Liu and Alan Agresti},
journal = {Sociedad de Estadistica e Investigacion Operativa Test},
title = {The analysis of ordered categorical data: An overview and a survey of recent developments},
number = {1},
pages = {1--73},
volume = {14},
year = {2005},
date-added = {2010-01-10 11:33:17 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 20:17:57 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Liu-2005-Sociedad%20de%20Estadistica%20e%20Investigacion%20Operativa%20Test_The%20analysis%20of%20orde.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1874},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Cheng:2007p3346,
author = {Y Cheng and H H Chang and Q Yi},
journal = {Applied Psychological Measurement},
title = {Two-Phase Item Selection Procedure for Flexible Content Balancing in CAT},
abstract = {Content balancing is an important issue in the design and implementation of computerized adaptive testing (CAT). Content-balancing techniques that have been applied in fixed content balancing, where the number of items from each content area is fixed, include constrained CAT (CCAT), the modified multinomial model (MMM), modified constrained CAT (MCCAT), and others. In this article, four methods are proposed to address the flexible content-balancing issue with the a-stratification design, named STR C. The four methods are MMM+, an extension of MMM; MCCAT+, an extension of MCCAT; the TPM method, a two-phase content-balancing method using MMM in both phases; and the TPF method, a two-phase content-balancing method using MMM in the first phase and MCCAT in the second. Simulation results show that all of the methods work well in content balancing, and TPF performs the best in item exposure control and item pool utilization while maintaining measurement precision.},
pages = {467--482},
volume = {31},
year = {2007},
date-added = {2010-01-15 12:21:54 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-15 12:23:09 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Cheng-2007-Applied%20Psychological%20Measurement_Two-Phase%20Item%20Selec.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p3346},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Rammstedt:2007,
author = {B Rammstedt and D Krebs},
journal = {European Journal of Psychology of Education},
title = {Does Response Scale Format Affect the Answering of Personality Scales? Assessing the Big Five Dimensions of Personality with Different Response Scales in a Dependent Sample.},
abstract = {When developing a questionnaire, one puts much effort into item formulation. Whether the format of the corresponding response scales affects response behavior, however, has rarely been studied, to date. The present study investigates (1) the effects of the response scale direction (ranging from positive to negative vs. negative to positive) and (2) the match between numerical labeling and scale direction, i.e., assigning high numbers to the positive pole and low numbers to the negative pole or vice versa. These response scale effects were studied based on responses in the BFI-10, the short-scale version of the widely-used Big Five Inventory (BFI), assessing the Big Five dimensions of personality by two items each. Using a dependent sample design, subjects answered the 10 items using end-point labeled response scales ranging from the negative (labeled "1") to the positive pole (labeled "8") at Time 1. At Time 2 (approximately 3 weeks later), respondents were split into two conditions: The BFI-10 was administered again with an 8-point scale ranging from the positive to the negative pole. In the first condition, the positive pole was labeled "8" and the negative pole was labeled "1"; in the second condition, the positive pole was labeled "1" and the negative pole was labeled "8." Results clearly support the notion that the direction of the response scale (Condition 1) does not affect response behavior. There were no differences in means, standard deviations, or in the intercorrelations patterns. However, there seems to be an intuitive match between the positive pole and high numerical labeling. When poles were counterintuitively labeled (Condition 2), significant differences could be identified for all analyses conducted.},
number = {1},
pages = {32--38},
volume = {23},
year = {2007},
date-added = {2010-01-03 19:34:17 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-03 19:34:18 +0100},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p958},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Li:2009p2285,
author = {Wentian Li and Annette Lee and Peter K Gregersen},
journal = {BMC Bioinformatics},
title = {Copy-number-variation and copy-number-alteration region detection by cumulative plots},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Regions with copy number variations (in germline cells) or copy number alteration (in somatic cells) are of great interest for human disease gene mapping and cancer studies. They represent a new type of mutation and are larger-scaled than the single nucleotide polymorphisms. Using genotyping microarray for copy number variation detection has become standard, and there is a need for improving analysis methods. RESULTS: We apply the cumulative plot to the detection of regions with copy number variation/alteration, on samples taken from a chronic lymphocytic leukemia patient. Two sets of whole-genome genotyping of 317 k single nucleotide polymorphisms, one from the normal cell and another from the cancer cell, are analyzed. We demonstrate the utility of cumulative plot in detecting a 9 Mb (9 x 10(6) bases) hemizygous deletion and 1 Mb homozygous deletion on chromosome 13. We also show the possibility to detect smaller copy number variation/alteration regions below the 100 kb range. CONCLUSION: As a graphic tool, the cumulative plot is an intuitive and a scale-free (window-less) way for detecting copy number variation/alteration regions, especially when such regions are small.},
affiliation = {The Robert S Boas Center for Genomics and Human Genetics, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, North Shore LIJ Health System, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA. wli@nslij-genetics.org},
pages = {S67},
volume = {10 Suppl 1},
year = {2009},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Homozygote, Genotype, Humans, Genome: Human, Algorithms, Genetic Variation, Mutation, Gene Dosage},
date-added = {2010-01-10 12:01:57 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-10 12:01:57 +0100},
doi = {10.1186/1471-2105-10-S1-S67},
pii = {1471-2105-10-S1-S67},
pmid = {19208171},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Li-2009-BMC%20Bioinformatics_Copy-number-variatio.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p2285},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Beckung:2008p3542,
author = {E Beckung and M White-Koning and M Marcelli and V McManus and S Michelsen and J Parkes and K Parkinson and U Thyen and C Arnaud and J Fauconnier and A Colver},
journal = {Child Care Health Dev},
title = {Health status of children with cerebral palsy living in Europe: a multi-centre study},
abstract = {AIM: The aim of this report is to describe the health status of 8-12-year-old children with cerebral palsy (CP) of all severities in Europe using the Child Health Questionnaire (CHQ). METHOD: A total of 818 children with CP from nine centres in defined geographical areas participated. CP type, gross and fine motor function, additional impairments were classified and family data were obtained. The CHQ was used to measure the parent's perception of their child's physical (PHY) and psychosocial (PSY) health. RESULTS: PHY scores were lower than the reference samples with a median of 46. The severity of gross motor function influenced the CHQ scores significantly in the PHY scale with the lowest scores for children with least gross motor function. There were significant differences between the CP types in PHY with the higher scores for children with unilateral spastic and the lowest scores for children with bilateral spastic and dyskinetic CP type. Fine motor function severity significantly affected both the PHY and PSY scales. The severity of intellectual impairment was significantly associated with CHQ scores in most dimensions with higher scores for higher IQ level in PHY and PSY. Children with seizures during the last year had a significantly lower health compared with children without seizures. The results of the multivariate regression analyses (forward stepwise regression) of CHQ scores on CP subtype, gross and fine motor function, cognitive function, additional impairments, seizures, parental education and employment revealed gross motor function, cognitive level and type of school attended were significant prognostic factors. CONCLUSION: This report is based on the largest sample to date of children with CP. Health status as measured using the CHQ was affected in all children and was highly variable. Gross motor function level correlates with health from the PHY well-being perspective but the PSY and emotional aspects do not appear to follow the same pattern.},
affiliation = {Department of Paediatrics, Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, G{\"o}teborg University, G{\"o}teborg, Sweden. beckung@vgregion.se},
number = {6},
pages = {806--14},
volume = {34},
year = {2008},
month = {Nov},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Cerebral Palsy, Health Status, Male, Epidemiologic Methods, Female, Quality of Life, Europe, Activities of Daily Living, Motor Skills Disorders, Humans, Psychometrics, Child},
date-added = {2010-01-15 20:55:56 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-15 20:55:56 +0100},
doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2214.2008.00877.x},
pii = {CCH877},
pmid = {18959578},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Beckung-2008-Child%20Care%20Health%20Dev_Health%20status%20of%20chi.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p3542},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Grimbeek:2006,
author = {P Grimbeek and S Nisbet},
journal = {Mathematics Education Research Journal},
title = {Surveying Primary Teachers about Compulsory Numeracy Testing: Combining Factor Analysis with Rasch Analysis},
number = {2},
pages = {27--39},
volume = {18},
year = {2006},
date-added = {2010-01-10 11:33:20 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:39:10 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Grimbeek-2006-Mathematics%20Education%20Research%20Journal_Surveying%20Primary%20Te.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1951},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Cribbie:2004p11426,
author = {R A Cribbie and J Jamieson},
journal = {Methods of Psychological Research Online},
title = {Decreases in Posttest Variance and The Measurement of Change},
abstract = {A Monte Carlo study was used to evaluate the effects of reductions in posttest vari- ance on several methods for detecting predictors of change in a two-wave design. When the predictor was dichotomous, the analysis of covariance approach was com- pared to the analysis of variance on difference scores. For a continuous predictor, par- tial correlations, difference score correlations with the predictor and latent change cor- relations with the predictor in structural equation growth models were used. When posttest variance decreased (e.g., ceiling effect) difference scores lost power, while the power of regression based methods (analysis of covariance and partial correlations) and structural equation measures of change were unaffected.},
number = {1},
pages = {37--55},
volume = {9},
year = {2004},
date-added = {2010-05-01 17:06:37 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:40:07 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Cribbie-2004-Methods%20of%20Psychological%20Research%20Online_Decreases%20in%20Posttes.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p11426},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Schriger:2001p11568,
author = {D L Schriger and R J Cooper},
journal = {Ann Emerg Med},
title = {Achieving graphical excellence: suggestions and methods for creating high-quality visual displays of experimental data},
abstract = {Graphics are an important means of communicating experimental data and results. There is evidence, however, that many of the graphics printed in scientific journals contain errors, redundancies, and lack clarity. Perhaps more important, many graphics fail to portray data at an appropriate level of detail, presenting summary statistics rather than underlying distributions. We seek to aid investigators in the production of high-quality graphics that do their investigations justice by providing the reader with optimum access to the relevant aspects of the data. The depiction of by-subject data, the signification of pairing when present, and the use of symbolic dimensionality (graphing different symbols to identify relevant subgroups) and small multiples (the presentation of an array of similar graphics each depicting one group of subjects) to portray stratification are stressed. Step-by-step instructions for the construction of high-quality graphics are offered. We hope that authors will incorporate these suggestions when developing graphics to accompany their manuscripts and that this process will lead to improvements in the graphical literacy of scientific journals. We also hope that journal editors will keep these principles in mind when refereeing manuscripts submitted for peer review.},
affiliation = {University of California-Los Angeles Emergency Medicine Center, University of California-Los Angeles School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA. schriger@ucla.edu},
number = {1},
pages = {75--87},
volume = {37},
year = {2001},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Humans, Statistics as Topic, Periodicals as Topic, Data Display, Journalism: Medical, Medical Illustration},
date-added = {2010-05-01 17:37:50 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-05-01 17:37:50 +0200},
doi = {10.1067/mem.2001.111570},
pii = {S0196-0644(01)75063-9},
pmid = {11145777},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Schriger-2001-Ann%20Emerg%20Med_Achieving%20graphical.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p11568},
rating = {0}
}

repository: sergiud/bibtex-spirit

repo_name: sergiud/bibtex-spirit

gha_license_id: MIT


text:
package main

import (
	"fmt"

	"github.com/kataras/iris/v12"
	"github.com/kataras/iris/v12/mvc"
)

// https://github.com/kataras/iris/issues/1706
// When you need that type of logic behind a request input,
// e.g. set default values, the right way to do that is
// to register a request-scoped dependency for that type.
// We have the `Context.ReadQuery(pointer)`
// which you can use to bind a struct value, that value can have default values.
// Here is how you could do that:
func main() {
	app := iris.New()

	mvcApp := mvc.New(app)
	{
		mvcApp.Register(paramsDependency)

		mvcApp.Handle(new(controller))
	}

	// http://localhost:8080/records?phone=random&order_by=DESC
	// http://localhost:8080/records?phone=random
	app.Listen(":8080")
}

type params struct {
	CallID     string `url:"phone"`
	ComDir     int    `url:"dir"`
	CaseUserID string `url:"on"`
	StartYear  int    `url:"sy"`
	EndYear    int    `url:"ey"`
	OrderBy    string `url:"order_by"`
	Offset     int    `url:"offset"`
}

// As we've read in the previous examples, the paramsDependency
// describes a request-scoped dependency.
// It should accept the iris context (or any previously registered or builtin dependency)
// and it should return the value which will be binded to the
// controller's methods (or fields) - see `GetRecords`.
var paramsDependency = func(ctx iris.Context) params {
	p := params{
		OrderBy: "ASC", // default value.
	}
	// Bind the URL values to the "p":
	ctx.ReadQuery(&p)
	// Or bind a specific URL value by giving a default value:
	// p.OrderBy = ctx.URLParamDefault("order_by", "ASC")
	//
	// OR make checks for default values after ReadXXX,
	// e.g. if p.OrderBy == "" {...}

	/* More options to read a request:
	// Bind the JSON request body to the "p":
	ctx.ReadJSON(&p)
	// Bind the Form to the "p":
	ctx.ReadForm(&p)
	// Bind any, based on the client's content-type header:
	ctx.ReadBody(&p)
	// Bind the http requests to a struct value:
	ctx.ReadHeader(&h)
	*/

	return p
}

type controller struct{}

func (c *controller) GetRecords(stru params) string {
	return fmt.Sprintf("%#+v\n", stru)
}

repository: kataras/iris

license_type: permissive

repo_name: kataras/iris

branch_name: refs/heads/master

gha_language: Go

extension: go


text:
const solution = {
    0 : {
        type: "number",
        solution : 4,
        unit: "N",
    },
    1 : {
        type: "number",
        solution : -1,
        unit: "N",
    },
    2 : {
        type: "number",
        solution : -2,
        unit: "N",
    },
};
// Find a way to specify sets of equations being solved at any stage,
// and the values that are assigned to variables in them at that time.
const TRAINING=true;

license: MIT

repository: OpenDSA/OpenDSA

repo_name: OpenDSA/OpenDSA

gha_license_id: NOASSERTION

gha_language: JavaScript

extension: js


text:
DESCRIPTION = "OpenGL CTS"

require khronos-cts.inc
# opengl-es-cts-3.2.6.1
SRCREV_vk-gl-cts = "7e023f81b4fff54b558882fe739d7c959d0a02a8"
SRCREV_amber = "d26ee22dd7faab1845a531d410f7ec1db407402a"
SRCREV_glslang = "c538b5d796fb24dd418fdd650c7f76e56bcc3dd8"
SRCREV_spirv-headers = "e4322e3be589e1ddd44afb20ea842a977c1319b8"
SRCREV_spirv-tools = "1eb89172a82b436d8037e8a8c29c80f7e1f7df74"
SRC_URI[renderdoc.sha256sum] = "e7b5f0aa5b1b0eadc63a1c624c0ca7f5af133aa857d6a4271b0ef3d0bdb6868e"

SRC_URI += "file://0001-Do-not-error-on-uninitialized-warnings.patch"

S = "${WORKDIR}/git"

do_install() {
	install -d ${D}/${CTSDIR}
	cp -r ${B}/external/openglcts/modules/* ${D}/${CTSDIR}

	install -m 0755 ${B}/modules/egl/deqp-egl ${D}/${CTSDIR}
	install -m 0755 ${B}/modules/gles2/deqp-gles2 ${D}/${CTSDIR}
	install -m 0755 ${B}/modules/gles3/deqp-gles3 ${D}/${CTSDIR}
	install -m 0755 ${B}/modules/gles31/deqp-gles31 ${D}/${CTSDIR}
	install -m 0755 ${B}/modules/internal/de-internal-tests ${D}/${CTSDIR}

	rm -r ${D}/${CTSDIR}/*.a ${D}/${CTSDIR}/cmake_install.cmake ${D}/${CTSDIR}/CMakeFiles
	rm -r ${D}/${CTSDIR}/*/*.a ${D}/${CTSDIR}/*/cmake_install.cmake ${D}/${CTSDIR}/*/CMakeFiles
	rm -r ${D}/${CTSDIR}/common/subgroups/*.a ${D}/${CTSDIR}/common/subgroups/cmake_install.cmake ${D}/${CTSDIR}/common/subgroups/CMakeFiles
}

SECURITY_CFLAGS_riscv64 = "${SECURITY_NOPIE_CFLAGS}"
LTO = ""

repository: ni/meta-openembedded

repo_name: ni/meta-openembedded

branch_name: refs/heads/nilrt/master/hardknott

gha_language: BitBake

extension: bb


text:
// AttributesToGet is used in GetItem etc
package attributestoget

type AttributesToGet []string

type attributesToGet AttributesToGet

// AttributesToGet is already a reference type
func NewAttributesToGet() AttributesToGet {
	s := make([]string, 0)
	return s
}

repository: tuxflo/Heartbleed

repo_name: tuxflo/Heartbleed


text:
require recipes-core/images/core-image-minimal.bb

IMAGE_INSTALL += "libstdc++ mtd-utils"
IMAGE_INSTALL += "openssh openssl openssh-sftp-server"
ENABLE_UART = "1"
IMAGE_INSTALL_append = " \
    docker-ce \
    hello-world \
"


text:
package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"os"
	"strings"

	"github.com/FactoryCampus/radau/api"
	"github.com/FactoryCampus/radau/migrations"
	"github.com/gin-contrib/cors"
	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
	"github.com/go-pg/pg"
)

func initCORSConfig() cors.Config {
	corsConfig := cors.DefaultConfig()

	originConfig, hasCorsOrigins := os.LookupEnv("CORS_ORIGINS")
	if !hasCorsOrigins {
		corsConfig.AllowAllOrigins = true
	} else {
		corsConfig.AllowOrigins = strings.Split(originConfig, ",")
	}

	corsConfig.AddAllowHeaders("Authorization")
	corsConfig.AllowCredentials = true

	return corsConfig
}

func main() {
	isDebug := os.Getenv("DEBUG")
	if strings.ToLower(isDebug) != "true" && isDebug != "1" {
		gin.SetMode(gin.ReleaseMode)
	}

	db := pg.Connect(&pg.Options{
		Addr:       fmt.Sprintf("%s:5432", os.Getenv("DB_HOST")),
		User:       os.Getenv("DB_USER"),
		Password:   os.Getenv("DB_PASSWORD"),
		Database:   os.Getenv("DB_DATABASE"),
		MaxRetries: 4,
	})
	defer db.Close()

	err := migrations.EnsureCurrentSchema(db)
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	authManagementKey := os.Getenv("API_KEY_MANAGEMENT")
	authRadiusKey := os.Getenv("API_KEY_RADIUS")
	if !gin.IsDebugging() && (authManagementKey == "" || authRadiusKey == "") {
		panic("Please secure the service using environment variables: API_KEY_MANAGEMENT & API_KEY_RADIUS")
	}

	r := gin.Default()
	r.Use(cors.New(initCORSConfig()))

	// Auth is handled individually per route
	api.InitUserHandler(r, db)

	// Auth is handled by TokenHandler
	api.InitTokenHandler(r.Group("/token"), db)

	radiusRoutes := r.Group("/radius", gin.BasicAuth(gin.Accounts{
		"Radius": authRadiusKey,
		"radius": authRadiusKey,
	}))
	api.InitRadiusHandler(radiusRoutes, db)

	r.Run()
}

repository: FactoryCampus/radau

repo_name: FactoryCampus/radau

branch_name: refs/heads/develop


text:
SUMMARY = "Firmware Image Package image creation tool"
LICENSE = "BSD-3-Clause"
LIC_FILES_CHKSUM = "file://license.rst;md5=e927e02bca647e14efd87e9e914b2443"

DEPENDS += "openssl"

inherit externalsrc
EXTERNALSRC_pn-${PN} ?= "${ST_LOCAL_SRC}/atf/"
#Change oe-workdir symlink as multiple recipes are pointing to the same source folder
EXTERNALSRC_SYMLINKS = "oe-workdir-fiptool:${WORKDIR} oe-logs-fiptool:${T}"

do_compile () {
	oe_runmake -C ${S}/tools/fiptool BUILD_BASE=${B}
}

do_install () {
	install -d ${D}${bindir}
	install -m 0755 ${B}/fiptool ${D}${bindir}/fiptool
}

BBCLASSEXTEND += "native nativesdk"