text:
children frequently present with co-occurring conditions in addition to their motor difficulties. This study considered whether there would be a differential effect of a group treatment program on subtypes of perceptual and movement problems or associated co-occurring conditions. A subset of children (n=43) from a larger clinical sample (n=100) with DCD participated in a 214 year cross-over intervention study which followed the cognitive orientation to daily occupational performance (CO-OP) approach. Original subtypes were determined by contrasting the current sample with previously published subtyping studies in DCD [Hoare, D. (1994). Subtypes of developmental coordination disorder. Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly, 11, 158-169; Macnab, J. J., Miller, L. T., {\&} Polatajko, H. J. (2001). The search for subtypes of DCD: Is cluster analysis the answer? Human Movement Science, 20, 49-72]. No advantage was conferred to any subtype although children with more profound and complex difficulties at initial assessment, despite progress following intervention, were most likely to have continuing difficulties at the end of the project.},
affiliation = {Newcomen Centre, Guy's Hospital, St. Thomas Street, London SE1 9RT, UK. dido.green@gstt.nhs.uk},
number = {2},
pages = {363--82},
volume = {27},
year = {2008},
month = {Apr},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Male, Attitude, Motor Skills Disorders, Diagnosis: Differential, Treatment Outcome, Female, Cognition, Child, Child: Preschool, Humans, Adolescent, Physical Therapy Modalities},
date-added = {2010-06-25 22:29:08 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-06-25 22:29:08 +0200},
doi = {10.1016/j.humov.2008.02.009},
pii = {S0167-9457(08)00019-5},
pmid = {18400322},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Green-2008-Human%20Movement%20Science_Does%20subtype%20of%20deve.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p12974},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Mann:2007p14111,
author = {G S Mann and A McCallum},
journal = {Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Machine Learning},
title = {Simple, Robust, Scalable Semi-supervised Learning via Expectation Regularization},
abstract = {Although semi-supervised learning has been an active area of research, its use in de- ployed applications is still relatively rare because the methods are often difficult to implement, fragile in tuning, or lacking in scalability. This paper presents expecta- tion regularization, a semi-supervised learn- ing method for exponential family paramet- ric models that augments the traditional conditional label-likelihood objective func- tion with an additional term that encour- ages model predictions on unlabeled data to match certain expectations---such as la- bel priors. The method is extremely easy to implement, scales as well as logistic regres- sion, and can handle non-independent fea- tures. We present experiments on five dif- ferent data sets, showing accuracy improve- ments over other semi-supervised methods.},
year = {2007},
date-added = {2010-08-18 17:01:29 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-08-18 17:02:24 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Mann-2007-Proceedings%20of%20the%2024th%20International%20Conference%20on%20Machine%20Learning_Simple%20Robust%20Scal.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p14111},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Mechelli:2010p7650,
author = {Andrea Mechelli and Essi Viding and Atul Kumar and Stefania Tognin and Fergus Kane and Philip McGuire},
journal = {Behav Genet},
title = {Influence of neuregulin1 genotype on neural substrate of perceptual matching in children},
abstract = {Adult psychopathology is often rooted early in life and first emerges during childhood and adolescence. However, as most imaging genetic research to date has involved adult participants, little is known about how risk genes affect brain function to influence biological vulnerability in childhood. We examined the impact of neuregulin1 (NRG1), a probable susceptibility gene for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, on brain function in a sample of 102 healthy 10-12 year old boys including 18 pairs of monozygotic twins, 24 pairs of dizygotic twins and 18 singletons. Each participant performed a perceptual matching task, while brain responses were measured using functional magnetic resonance imaging. Response accuracy and reaction times did not differ as a function of NRG1 genotype; however, individuals with two high-risk alleles showed relatively increased brain activation in a distributed network comprising the precuneus bilaterally, and the left cuneus, middle occipital gyrus, angular gyrus and caudate nucleus. These results indicate that genetic variation in NRG1 significantly affects cortical function during perceptual and monitoring processes in healthy children as young as 10-12 years of age.},
affiliation = {Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, 103 Denmark Hill, PO BOX 67, London, SE5 8AF, UK. a.mechelli@kcl.ac.uk},
number = {2},
pages = {157--66},
volume = {40},
year = {2010},
month = {Mar},
language = {eng},
date-added = {2010-03-15 23:20:05 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 20:09:06 +0200},
doi = {10.1007/s10519-009-9317-5},
pmid = {19967439},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Mechelli-2010-Behav%20Genet_Influence%20of%20neuregu.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p7650},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Sun:2008p3344,
author = {L Sun and S Ji and J Ye},
journal = {Proceedings of the 25th International Conference on Machine Learning},
title = {A Least Squares Formulation for Canonical Correlation Analysis},
abstract = {Canonical Correlation Analysis (CCA) is a well-known technique for finding the correlations between two sets of multi-dimensional variables. It projects both sets of variables into a lower-dimensional space in which they are maximally correlated. CCA is commonly applied for supervised dimensionality reduction, in which one of the multi-dimensional variables is derived from the class label. It has been shown that CCA can be formulated as a least squares problem in the binary-class case. However, their relationship in the more general setting remains unclear. In this paper, we show that, under a mild condition which tends to hold for high-dimensional data, CCA in multi-label classifications can be formulated as a least squares problem. Based on this equivalence relationship, we propose several CCA extensions including sparse CCA using 1-norm regularization. Experiments on multi-label data sets confirm the established equivalence relationship. Results also demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed CCA extensions.},
year = {2008},
date-added = {2010-01-15 12:18:28 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-15 12:20:38 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Sun-2008-Proceedings%20of%20the%2025th%20International%20Conference%20on%20Machine%20Learning_A%20Least%20Squares%20Form.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p3344},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Knottnerus:2003p7435,
author = {J A Knottnerus and J W Muris},
journal = {Journal of Clinical Epidemiology},
title = {Assessment of the accuracy of diagnostic tests: the cross-sectional study},
abstract = {In diagnostic accuracy studies, the contrast of interest can be one of the following: one single test contrast; comparing two or more single tests; further testing in addition to previous diagnostics; and comparing alternative diagnostic strategies. The clinical diagnostic problem under study must be specified. Studies of "extreme contrasts" (as early phase evaluations) and studies in "clinical practice" settings (assessing clinical value) should be distinguished. Design options are (1) survey of the total study population, (2) case-referent approach, or (3) test-based enrollment. Data collection should generally be prospective, but ambispective and retrospective approaches are sometimes appropriate. In addition to determinants of primary interest [the test(s) under study] possible modifiers of test accuracy and confounding variables must be specified. The reference standard procedure should be independent from the test results. Applying a reference standard can be difficult in case of classification errors, lack of a clear pathophysiologic concept, incorporation bias, or invasive or complex investigations. Possible solutions are: an independent expert panel, and the delayed type cross-sectional study (clinical follow-up). Also, a prognostic criterion can be chosen. For studies to be relevant for practice, inclusion criteria must be based on "intention to diagnose" or "intention to screen." The recruitment procedure is preferably a consecutive series of presenting patients or a target population screening, respectively. Sample size estimation should be routine. Analysis has to be focused on the contrast of interest. Estimating test accuracy and prediction of outcome need different approaches. External (clinical) validation requires repeated studies in other, similar populations. Also, systematic reviews and meta-analysis have a role. To enable readers of diagnostic research reports to evaluate whether methodological key issues were addressed, authors are advised to follow the STARD guidelines.},
affiliation = {University of Maastricht, Netherlands School of Primary Care Research, Post Office Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands. andre.knottnerus@hag.unimaas.nl},
number = {11},
pages = {1118--28},
volume = {56},
year = {2003},
month = {Nov},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Reproducibility of Results, Cross-Sectional Studies, Sensitivity and Specificity, Humans, Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures, Sample Size, Data Interpretation: Statistical},
date-added = {2010-03-10 20:38:45 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-03-10 20:38:45 +0100},
pii = {S0895435603002063},
pmid = {14615003},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Knottnerus-2003-Journal%20of%20Clinical%20Epidemiology_Assessment%20of%20the%20ac.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p7435},
rating = {4}
}

@misc{Junker:1996,
author = {Brian W Junker},
journal = {Miscellaneous},
title = {Exploring monotonicity in polytomous item response data},
year = {1996},
month = {Apr},
date-added = {2010-01-10 11:33:24 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-10 11:33:25 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Junker-1996-Miscellaneous_Exploring%20monotonici.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p2135},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Lu:2007p7015,
author = {L Lu and N Shara},
journal = {NESUG},
title = {Reliability analysis: Calculate and Compare Intra-class Correlation Coefficients (ICC) in SAS},
abstract = {Reliability studies are widely used to assess the measurement reproducibility of human observers, laboratory assays or diagnostic tests. For quantitative measures, intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) is the principal measurement of reliability. In this paper, a SAS macro is provided to calculate the ICC and its confidence limits. The application of the macro is demonstrated in a clinical reliability case study, the comparison of two ICCs is discussed.},
year = {2007},
date-added = {2010-03-06 19:53:17 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-03-06 19:53:52 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Lu-2007-NESUG_Reliability%20analysis.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p7015},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Patz:2002p6292,
author = {R J Patz and B W Junker and M S Johnson and L T Mariano},
journal = {Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics},
title = {The Hierarchical Rater Model for Rated Test Items and its Application to Large-Scale Educational Assessment Data},
abstract = {Open-ended or ``constructed'' student responses to test items have become a stock component of standardized educational assessments. Digital imaging of examinee work now enables a distributed rating process to be flexibly managed, and alloca- tion designs that involve as many as six or more ratings for a subset of responses are now feasible. In this article we develop Patz' s (1996) hierarchical rater model (HRM) for polytomous item response data scored by multiple raters, and show how it can be used to scale examinees and items, to model aspects of consensus among raters, and to model individual rater severity and consistency effects. The HRM treats examinee responses to open-ended items as unobsered discrete varibles, and it explicitly models the ``proficiency'' of raters in assigning accurate scores as well as the proficiency of examinees in providing correct responses. We show how the HRM ``fits in'' to the generalizability theory framework that has been the traditional tool of analysis for rated item response data, and give some relationships between the HRM, the design effects correction of Bock, Brennan and Muraki (1999), and the rater bundle model of Wilson and Hoskens (2002). Using simulated and real data, we compare the HRM to the conventional IRT Facets model for rating data (e.g., Linacre, 1989; Engelhard, 1994, 1996), and we explore ways that informa- tion from HRM analyses may improved the quality of the rating process.},
number = {4},
pages = {341--384},
volume = {27},
year = {2002},
date-added = {2010-02-20 20:03:13 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-02-20 20:04:32 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Patz-2002-Journal%20of%20Educational%20and%20Behavioral%20Statistics_The%20Hierarchical%20Rat.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p6292},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Parnas:2002p14051,
author = {Josef Parnas and Pierre Bovet and Dan Zahavi},
journal = {World Psychiatry},
title = {Schizophrenic autism: clinical phenomenology and pathogenetic implications},
affiliation = {Cognitive Research Unit, Copenhagen University Department of Psychiatry, Hvidovre Hospital, 2650 Hvidovre, Denmark.},
number = {3},
pages = {131--6},
volume = {1},
year = {2002},
month = {Oct},
language = {eng},
date-added = {2010-08-18 09:59:29 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-08-18 09:59:29 +0200},
pmid = {16946833},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Parnas-2002-World%20Psychiatry_Schizophrenic%20autism.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p14051},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Gonzalez:2009p12905,
author = {J Gonzalez and F Tuerlinckx and Paul De Boeck},
journal = {Applied Multivariate Research},
title = {Analyzing structural relations in multi-variate dyadic binary data},
abstract = {In social network studies, most often only a single relation (or link) between the actors is investigated. When more than one link has been recorded, the two- way sociomatrix becomes a three-way array with the set of links being the third way. In this paper, we present a model which simultaneously accounts for the three ways in the data. Random effects are used to model the between-actor variability, both on senders and receivers side. In addition, structural relations between the linking variables are investigated. The model is applied to a study of popularity and strength in a class of students. It is shown that popularity can be seen as a linear function of strength on the receivers' side, but not on the senders' side.},
number = {1},
pages = {77--92},
volume = {13},
year = {2009},
date-added = {2010-06-24 17:29:05 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 20:46:12 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Gonzalez-2009-Applied%20Multivariate%20Research_Analyzing%20structural.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p12905},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Wu:2005,
author = {C Wu},
journal = {Techniques d'enqu{\^e}te},
title = {Algorithmes et codes R pour la m{\'e}thode de la pseudo-vraisemblance empirique dans les sondages},
number = {2},
pages = {261--266},
volume = {31},
year = {2005},
date-added = {2010-01-10 11:33:21 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-10 11:33:25 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Wu-2005-Techniques%20d'enqu%C3%AAte_Algorithmes%20et%20codes.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p2122},
rating = {0}
}

@inproceedings{Hofmann:1999,
author = {Thomas Hofmann},
journal = {Proceedings},
title = {Probabilistic latent semantic analysis},
year = {1999},
date-added = {2010-01-10 11:33:24 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-10 11:33:25 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Hofmann-1999-Proceedings_Probabilistic%20latent.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p2187},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Fraley:2007p3691,
author = {C Fraley and A E Raftery},
title = {MCLUST Version 3 for R: Normal Mixture Modeling and Model-Based Clustering},
abstract = {MCLUST is a contributed R package for normal mixture modeling and model-based clus- tering. It provides functions for parameter estimation via the EM algorithm for normal mixture models with a variety of covariance structures, and functions for simulation from these models. Also included are functions that combine model-based hierarchical clustering, EM for mixture estimation and the Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) in comprehensive strategies for clustering, density estimation and discriminant analysis. There is additional functionality for displaying and visualizing the models along with clustering and classifica- tion results. A number of features of the software have been changed in this version, and the functionality has been expanded to include regularization for normal mixture models via a Bayesian prior. A web page with related links including license information can be found at http://www.stat.washington.edu/mclust.},
year = {2007},
date-added = {2010-01-16 20:31:12 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-16 20:31:42 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Fraley-2007-_MCLUST%20Version%203%20for.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p3691},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Chamberlain:2009p9706,
author = {Samuel R Chamberlain and Lara Menzies},
journal = {Expert Rev Neurother},
title = {Endophenotypes of obsessive-compulsive disorder: rationale, evidence and future potential},
abstract = {Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a heritable and debilitating neuropsychiatric condition. Attempts to delineate genetic contributions have met with limited success, and there is an ongoing search for intermediate trait or vulnerability markers rooted in the neurosciences. Such markers would be valuable for detecting people at risk of developing the condition, clarifying etiological factors and targeting novel treatments. This review begins with brief coverage of the epidemiology of OCD, and presents a hierarchical model of the condition. The advantages of neuropsychological assessment and neuroimaging as objective measures of brain integrity and function are discussed. We describe the concept of endophenotypes and examples of their successful use in medicine and psychiatry. Key areas of focus in the search for OCD endophenotypes are identified, such as measures of inhibitory control and probes of the integrity of orbitofrontal and posterior parietal cortices. Finally, we discuss exciting findings in unaffected first-degree relatives of patients with OCD that have led to the identification of several candidate endophenotypes of the disorder, with important implications for neurobiological understanding and treatment of this and related conditions.},
affiliation = {Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 2QQ, UK. srchamb@gmail.com},
number = {8},
pages = {1133--46},
volume = {9},
year = {2009},
month = {Aug},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Risk Factors, Cognition Disorders, Humans, Frontal Lobe, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Phenotype, Brain Mapping, Models: Biological, Neural Pathways, Corpus Striatum},
date-added = {2010-03-25 15:13:31 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-03-25 15:13:31 +0100},
doi = {10.1586/ern.09.36},
pmid = {19673603},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Chamberlain-2009-Expert%20Rev%20Neurother_Endophenotypes%20of%20ob.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p9706},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Shiely:2010p13254,
author = {Frances Shiely and Mary Horgan and Kevin Hayes},
journal = {Eur J Public Health},
title = {Increased sexually transmitted infection incidence in a low risk population: identifying the risk factors},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Between 1994 and 2006, the incidence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in Ireland has increased by over 300%. Recent literature would suggest that this figure is an underestimation of the true scale of infection. Our objective was to determine the risk factors associated with STI diagnosis in a population with a rapidly increasing STI incidence. METHODS: Using diagnostic, demographic and behavioural information from three STI clinics (January 1999 to December 2006), multivariable logistic regression models were used to identify risk factors associated with STI diagnosis. RESULTS: Age, smoking and inconsistent condom use are the dominant risk factors. Males aged 20-24 years and females aged <20 years being at greatest risk of STI acquisition. Having three or more partners was not associated with an elevated risk of STI diagnosis. At univariate level, homosexuals and bisexuals have a decreased risk of STI acquisition compared with heterosexuals. Rate of consistent condom use was low < or =13.3%. CONCLUSIONS: Age, condom use and number of sexual partners are important risk factors for STI diagnosis. Contrary to international STI literature, having multiple sexual partners does not increase STI incidence. Age specific behavioural interventions that target increased condom use may be effective in reducing STIs in Ireland. At policy level, a reduction in the taxation on condoms from 13.5 to 5% is needed to lower the prohibitive cost and increase their use.},
affiliation = {Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland. f.shiely@ucc.ie},
number = {2},
pages = {207--12},
volume = {20},
year = {2010},
month = {Apr},
language = {eng},
date-added = {2010-07-01 18:17:21 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-07-01 18:17:21 +0200},
doi = {10.1093/eurpub/ckp142},
pii = {ckp142},
pmid = {19767398},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Shiely-2010-Eur%20J%20Public%20Health_Increased%20sexually%20t.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p13254},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Hagekull:2003p13153,
author = {Berit Hagekull and Gunilla Bohlin},
journal = {Attach Hum Dev},
title = {Early temperament and attachment as predictors of the Five Factor Model of personality},
abstract = {To increase our understanding of developmental aspects of the Five Factor Model (FFM) of personality, prospective relations from infant temperament and attachment security to the 'Big Five' dimensions of personality in middle childhood were studied in a sample of 85 Swedish middle class children. Combined maternal and paternal temperament ratings at infant age 20 months and Strange Situation attachment to mother at 15 months were used as predictors of mother and teacher ratings of personality at child age 8 - 9 years. Also the A1 - B2 versus B3 - C2 classification grouping was used as a measure of infant negative emotionality. The results showed extraversion/surgency to be the dimension most clearly related to infancy data; it was predicted by both temperament and attachment security. Attachment security also predicted neuroticism and openness. The emotionality shown in the Strange Situation was not related to the 'Big Five'. The results were discussed in terms of approach and anxiety systems and internal working models as foundations for the FFM personality traits.},
affiliation = {Department of Psychology, Uppsala, Sweden. Berit.Hagekull@psyk.uu.se},
number = {1},
pages = {2--18},
volume = {5},
year = {2003},
month = {Mar},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Sampling Studies, Male, Child Development, Longitudinal Studies, Personality, Object Attachment, Female, Emotions, Child, Infant, Predictive Value of Tests, Humans, Temperament, Personality Development, Personality Assessment},
date-added = {2010-06-26 11:12:37 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-06-26 11:12:38 +0200},
doi = {10.1080/1461673031000078643},
pii = {RW1G73NT9NNMWKAU},
pmid = {12745826},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p13153},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Schuman:1966,
author = {H Schuman},
journal = {American Sociological Review},
title = {The random probe: A technique for evaluating the validity of closed questions},
abstract = {The familiar dilemna of open versus closed interview questions becomes especially acute when surveys are undertaken outside middle-class American society. Inevitable ignorance of the subtleties of another culture leads the researcher toward an open-ended approach, while his experience with the difficulties of channeling diverse free responses into a useful frame of reference and of coding enormous masses of verbal data encourages him to rely on closed questions. The method of ``random probes'' suggested here is intended to allow a survey researcher to eat his cake and still have a litlle left over.},
pages = {218--222},
volume = {21},
year = {1966},
date-added = {2010-01-03 19:34:17 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-03 19:34:18 +0100},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p963},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Perkins:2009p2981,
author = {Neil J Perkins and Enrique F Schisterman and Albert Vexler},
journal = {Stat Med},
title = {Generalized ROC curve inference for a biomarker subject to a limit of detection and measurement error},
abstract = {The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve is a tool commonly used to evaluate biomarker utility in clinical diagnosis of disease, especially during biomarker development research. Emerging biomarkers are often measured with random measurement error and subject to limits of detection that hinder their potential utility or mask an ability to discriminate by negatively biasing the estimates of ROC curves and subsequent area under the curve. Methods have been developed to correct the ROC curve for each of these types of sources of bias but here we develop a method by which the ROC curve is corrected for both simultaneously through replicate measures and maximum likelihood. Our method is evaluated via simulation study and applied to two potential discriminators of women with and without preeclampsia.},
affiliation = {Division of Epidemiology, Statistics and Prevention Research, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, DHHS, 6100 Executive BLVD, Rm 7B03, Bethesda, MD 20852, U.S.A. perkinsn@mail.nih.gov},
number = {13},
pages = {1841--60},
volume = {28},
year = {2009},
month = {Jun},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Pregnancy, ROC Curve, Female, Pre-Eclampsia, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A, Biometry, Models: Statistical, Likelihood Functions, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1, Biological Markers, Humans},
date-added = {2010-01-13 23:13:31 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-13 23:13:31 +0100},
doi = {10.1002/sim.3575},
pmid = {19340817},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Perkins-2009-Stat%20Med_Generalized%20ROC%20curv.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p2981},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Kontodimopoulos:2009p11804,
author = {Nick Kontodimopoulos and Vassilis H Aletras and Dimitris Paliouras and Dimitris Niakas},
journal = {Value Health},
title = {Mapping the Cancer-Specific EORTC QLQ-C30 to the Preference-Based EQ-5D, SF-6D, and 15D Instruments},
abstract = {ABSTRACT Objectives: To estimate models, via ordinary least squares regression, for predicting Euro Qol 5D (EQ-5D), Short Form 6D (SF-6D), and 15D utilities from scale scores of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30). Methods: Forty-eight gastric cancer patients, split up into equal subgroups by age, sex, and chemotherapy scheme, were interviewed, and the survey included the QLQ-C30, SF-36, EQ-5D, and 15D instruments, along with sociodemographic and clinical data. Model predictive ability and explanatory power were assessed by root mean square error (RMSE) and adjusted R(2) values, respectively. Pearson's r between predicted and reported utility indices was compared. Three random subsamples, half in size the initial sample, were created and used for "external" validation of the modeling equations. Results: Explanatory power was high, with adjusted R(2) reaching 0.909, 0.833, and 0.611 for 15D, SF-6D, and EQ-5D, respectively. After normalization of RMSE to the range of possible values, the prediction errors were 12.0, 5.4, and 5.6% for EQ-5D, SF-6D, and 15D, respectively. The estimation equations produced a range of utility scores similar to those achievable by the standard scoring algorithms. Predicted and reported indices from the validation samples were comparable thus confirming the previous results. Conclusions: Evidence on the ability of QLQ-C30 scale scores to validly predict 15D and SF-6D utilities, and to a lesser extent, EQ-5D, has been provided. The modeling equations must be tried in future studies with larger and more diverse samples to confirm their appropriateness for estimating quality-adjusted life-year in cancer-patient trials including only the QLQ-C30.},
affiliation = {Hellenic Open University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Patras, Greece.},
pages = {},
year = {2009},
month = {Jun},
language = {ENG},
date-added = {2010-05-23 10:41:55 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-05-23 10:41:55 +0200},
doi = {10.1111/j.1524-4733.2009.00569.x},
pii = {VHE569},
pmid = {19558372},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Kontodimopoulos-2009-Value%20Health_Mapping%20the%20Cancer-S.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p11804},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Callahan:2002p7866,
author = {Christopher M Callahan and Frederick W Unverzagt and Siu L Hui and Anthony J Perkins and Hugh C Hendrie},
journal = {Med Care},
title = {Six-item screener to identify cognitive impairment among potential subjects for clinical research},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To design a brief cognitive screener with acceptable sensitivity and specificity for identifying subjects with cognitive impairment. DESIGN: Cohort one is assembled from a community-based survey coupled with a second-stage diagnostic evaluation using formal diagnostic criteria for dementia. Cohort two is assembled from referrals to a specialty clinic for dementing disorders that completed the same diagnostic evaluation. SETTING: Urban neighborhoods in Indianapolis, Indiana and the Indiana Alzheimer Disease Center. PATIENTS: Cohort one consists of 344 community-dwelling black persons identified from a random sample of 2212 black persons aged 65 and older residing in Indianapolis; cohort two consists of 651 subject referrals to the Alzheimer Disease Center. MEASUREMENTS: Formal diagnostic clinical assessments for dementia including scores on the Mini-mental state examination (MMSE), a six-item screener derived from the MMSE, the Blessed Dementia Rating Scale (BDRS), and the Word List Recall. Based on clinical evaluations, subjects were categorized as no cognitive impairment, cognitive impairment-not demented, or demented. RESULTS: The mean age of the community-based sample was 74.4 years, 59.4% of the sample were women, and the mean years of education was 10.1. The prevalence of dementia in this sample was 4.3% and the prevalence of cognitive impairment was 24.6%. Using a cut-off of three or more errors, the sensitivity and specificity of the six-item screener for a diagnosis of dementia was 88.7 and 88.0, respectively. In the same sample, the corresponding sensitivity and specificity for the MMSE using a cut-off score of 23 was 95.2 and 86.7. The performance of the two scales was comparable across the two populations studied and using either cognitive impairment or dementia as the gold standard. An increasing number of errors on the six-item screener is highly correlated with poorer scores on longer measures of cognitive impairment. CONCLUSIONS: The six-item screener is a brief and reliable instrument for identifying subjects with cognitive impairment and its diagnostic properties are comparable to the full MMSE. It can be administered by telephone or face-to-face interview and is easily scored by a simple summation of errors.},
affiliation = {Indiana University Center for Aging Research, Indianapolis 46202, USA. ccallahan@regenstrief.org},
number = {9},
pages = {771--81},
volume = {40},
year = {2002},
month = {Sep},
language = {eng},
keywords = {African Americans, Aged, Urban Population, Female, Cognition Disorders, Indiana, Dementia, Cohort Studies, ROC Curve, Male, Sensitivity and Specificity, Humans, Mass Screening, Prevalence},
date-added = {2010-03-20 19:03:17 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:39:29 +0200},
doi = {10.1097/01.MLR.0000024610.33213.C8},
pmid = {12218768},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Callahan-2002-Med%20Care_Six-item%20screener%20to.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p7866},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Kirk:1996,
author = {R Kirk},
journal = {Educational and Psychological Measurement},
title = {Practical significance: A concept whose time has come},
pages = {746--759},
volume = {56},
year = {1996},
date-added = {2010-01-10 11:33:21 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-10 11:33:25 +0100},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p2026},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Yoon:2006p11604,
author = {S E Yoon and D Manocha},
journal = {Eurographics},
title = {Cache-Efficient Layouts of Bounding Volume Hierarchies},
abstract = {We present a novel algorithm to compute cache-efficient layouts of bounding volume hierarchies (BVHs) of polygonal models. Our approach does not make any assumptions about the cache parameters or block sizes of the memory hierarchy. We introduce a new probabilistic model to predict the runtime access patterns of a BVH. Our layout computation algorithm utilizes parent-child and spatial localities between the accessed nodes to reduce both the number of cache misses and the size of the working set. Our algorithm also works well for spatial partitioning hierarchies including kd-trees. We use our algorithm to compute layouts of BVHs and spatial partitioning hierarchies of large models composed of millions of triangles. We compare our cache-efficient layouts with other layouts in the context of collision detection and ray tracing. In our benchmarks, our layouts consistently show better performance over other layouts and improve the performance of these applications by 26%--300% without any modification of the underlying algorithms or runtime applications.},
number = {3},
volume = {25},
year = {2006},
date-added = {2010-05-09 21:38:22 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-05-09 21:39:19 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Yoon-2006-Eurographics_Cache-Efficient%20Layo.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p11604},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Burnett:2009p4831,
author = {Stephanie Burnett and Geoffrey Bird and Jorge Moll and Chris Frith and Sarah-Jayne Blakemore},
journal = {J Cogn Neurosci},
title = {Development during adolescence of the neural processing of social emotion},
abstract = {In this fMRI study, we investigated the development between adolescence and adulthood of the neural processing of social emotions. Unlike basic emotions (such as disgust and fear), social emotions (such as guilt and embarrassment) require the representation of another's mental states. Nineteen adolescents (10-18 years) and 10 adults (22-32 years) were scanned while thinking about scenarios featuring either social or basic emotions. In both age groups, the anterior rostral medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) was activated during social versus basic emotion. However, adolescents activated a lateral part of the MPFC for social versus basic emotions, whereas adults did not. Relative to adolescents, adults showed higher activity in the left temporal pole for social versus basic emotions. These results show that, although the MPFC is activated during social emotion in both adults and adolescents, adolescents recruit anterior (MPFC) regions more than do adults, and adults recruit posterior (temporal) regions more than do adolescents.},
affiliation = {University College London, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, London, UK. s.burnett@ucl.ac.uk},
number = {9},
pages = {1736--50},
volume = {21},
year = {2009},
month = {Sep},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Image Processing: Computer-Assisted, Mother-Child Relations, Brain Mapping, Oxygen, Adolescent, Young Adult, Age Factors, Neuropsychological Tests, Brain, Self Concept, Female, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Social Perception, Emotions, Humans, Adult, Adolescent Development},
date-added = {2010-02-01 20:21:57 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-02-01 20:21:57 +0100},
doi = {10.1162/jocn.2009.21121},
pmid = {18823226},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p4831},
rating = {0}
}

@inbook{Groves:1996,
author = {RM Groves},
journal = {Book},
title = {Answering questions: Methodology for determining cognitive and communicative processes in survey research},
chapter = {How do we know what we think they think is really what they think?},
pages = {389--402},
year = {1996},
date-added = {2010-01-03 19:34:17 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:21:41 +0200},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p988},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Lee:2009p1778,
author = {Keunbaik Lee and Yongsung Joo and Jae Keun Yoo and JungBok Lee},
journal = {Stat Med},
title = {Marginalized random effects models for multivariate longitudinal binary data},
abstract = {Generalized linear models with random effects are often used to explain the serial dependence of longitudinal categorical data. Marginalized random effects models (MREMs) permit likelihood-based estimations of marginal mean parameters and also explain the serial dependence of longitudinal data. In this paper, we extend the MREM to accommodate multivariate longitudinal binary data using a new covariance matrix with a Kronecker decomposition, which easily explains both the serial dependence and time-specific response correlation. A maximum marginal likelihood estimation is proposed utilizing a quasi-Newton algorithm with quasi-Monte Carlo integration of the random effects. Our approach is applied to analyze metabolic syndrome data from the Korean Genomic Epidemiology Study for Korean adults.},
affiliation = {Biostatistics Program, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.},
number = {8},
pages = {1284--300},
volume = {28},
year = {2009},
month = {Apr},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Adult, Metabolic Syndrome X, Aged, Middle Aged, Monte Carlo Method, Humans, Multivariate Analysis, Models: Statistical, Data Interpretation: Statistical, Computer Simulation, Longitudinal Studies},
date-added = {2010-01-09 21:45:53 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-09 21:45:53 +0100},
doi = {10.1002/sim.3534},
pmid = {19156673},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Lee-2009-Stat%20Med_Marginalized%20random.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1778},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Roberts:1992p12032,
author = {L W Roberts and R A Clifton},
journal = {Canadian Journal of Education},
title = {Measuring the Cognitive Domain of the Quality of Student Life: An Instrument for Faculties of Education},
abstract = {This study presents an instrument for measuring the cognitive domain of the quality of student life in faculties of education, developed using a representative sample of undergraduate and graduate students at a major Canadian university. The findings suggest there are three dimensions of the cognitive domain of the quality of student life: Development of Pupils, Subject Expertise, and the Methodology of Teaching. Alpha reliability coefficients for these scales ranged from 0.72 to 0.75.},
number = {2},
pages = {176--191},
volume = {17},
year = {1992},
date-added = {2010-05-24 10:27:31 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-05-24 10:28:33 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Roberts-1992-Canadian%20Journal%20of%20Education_Measuring%20the%20Cognit.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p12032},
rating = {4}
}

@article{Arora:2009p9447,
author = {Neeraj K Arora},
journal = {Qual Life Res},
title = {Importance of patient-centered care in enhancing patient well-being: a cancer survivor's perspective},
abstract = {In this narrative article, the author, a long-term cancer survivor, reflects on his personal interactions with the healthcare system over a period of 14 years in order to highlight the importance of delivering patient-centered care. He makes a case for why quality of care assessments are incomplete if they focus on clinical indicators of quality alone and exclude systematic assessment of the patient-centered aspects of care from the patient's perspective. The important role played by patient-centered care in reducing patient suffering and enhancing well-being is underscored in this commentary.},
affiliation = {Outcomes Research Branch, Applied Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, 6130 Executive Blvd., Bethesda, MD 20892-7344, USA. aroran@mail.nih.gov},
number = {1},
pages = {1--4},
volume = {18},
year = {2009},
month = {Feb},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Quality of Life, Neoplasms, Quality of Health Care, Physician-Patient Relations, Patient-Centered Care, Survivors, Humans, Anecdotes as Topic, Patient Satisfaction},
date-added = {2010-03-23 19:37:56 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:48:30 +0200},
doi = {10.1007/s11136-008-9415-5},
pmid = {19005778},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Arora-2009-Qual%20Life%20Res_Importance%20of%20patien.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p9447},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Hooker:2010p11589,
author = {G Hooker and M Finkelman and A Scwartzman},
title = {Paradoxical Results in Multidimensional Item Response Theory},
abstract = {In multidimensional item response theory (MIRT), it is possible for the estimate of a subject's ability in some dimension to decrease after they have answered a question correctly. This paper investigates how and when this type of paradoxical result can occur. We demonstrate that many response models and statistical estimates can produce paradoxical results and that in the popular class of linearly com- pensatory models, maximum likelihood estimates are guaranteed to do so. In light of these findings, the appropriateness of multidimensional item response methods for assigning scores in high-stakes testing is called into question.},
date-added = {2010-05-09 21:11:32 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-05-09 21:12:10 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Hooker--_Paradoxical%20Results.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p11589},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Concato:2000,
author = {J Concato and N Shah and RI Horwitz},
journal = {N Engl J Med},
title = {Randomised controlled trials, observational studies and the hierarchy of research designs},
abstract = {Background In the hierarchy of research designs, the results of randomized, controlled trials are considered to be evidence of the highest grade, whereas observational studies are viewed as having less validity because they reportedly overestimate treatment effects. We used published meta-analyses to identify randomized clinical trials and observational studies that examined the same clinical topics. We then compared the results of the original reports according to the type of research design. Methods A search of the Medline data base for articles published in five major medical journals from 1991 to 1995 identified meta-analyses of randomized, controlled trials and meta-analyses of either cohort or case--control studies that assessed the same intervention. For each of five topics, summary estimates and 95 percent confidence intervals were calculated on the basis of data from the individual randomized, controlled trials and the individual observational studies. Results For the five clinical topics and 99 reports evaluated, the average results of the observational studies were remarkably similar to those of the randomized, controlled trials. For example, analysis of 13 randomized, controlled trials of the effectiveness of bacille Calmette--Gu{\'e}rin vaccine in preventing active tuberculosis yielded a relative risk of 0.49 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.34 to 0.70) among vaccinated patients, as compared with an odds ratio of 0.50 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.39 to 0.65) from 10 case--control studies. In addition, the range of the point estimates for the effect of vaccination was wider for the randomized, controlled trials (0.20 to 1.56) than for the observational studies (0.17 to 0.84). Conclusions The results of well-designed observational studies (with either a cohort or a case--control design) do not systematically overestimate the magnitude of the effects of treatment as compared with those in randomized, controlled trials on the same topic.},
pages = {1887--1892},
volume = {342},
year = {2000},
date-added = {2010-01-03 19:36:10 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:53:14 +0200},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1057},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Nelson:2007p2592,
author = {K P Nelson and D Edwards},
title = {A model and measure of agreement for population-based studies},
abstract = {Agreement between physicians in their classification of items such as mammograms for the presence of disease is an important tool in assessing the reliability of a diagnostic procedure, and the modeling of agreement data is a popular topic in the biomedical and social sciences. Interest often lies in assessing agreement in the underlying diagnostic procedure and making inferences for the populations of raters and items typically involved in the rating process. However, the majority of methods currently available are limited to inference for the specific groups of raters and items selected for study, and most do not apply when many raters are involved. In this paper we describe the use of generalized linear mixed models with crossed random effects to model agreement between many raters and items over the long-run for classifications made on a binary scale. These models flexibly allow for missing and unbalanced data, many raters and items, the inclusion of covariates that may influence the agreement process and most importantly, provides inference regarding the underlying diagnostic process and the populations of the typical raters and items involved in such classifications. To provide an overall measure of agreement we propose a summary model-based statistic which is easily interpretable in a manner similar to Cohen's kappa statistic, while avoiding some of the biases that arise in Cohen's kappa usage. The proposed agreement measure can also be used to describe agreement between subgroups of raters and items by utilizing available covariate information. Simulation studies demonstrate that the proposed approach provides unbiased chance-corrected estimates of agreement. The methods are applied to an agreement dataset involving the classification of mammograms for the presence/absence of breast cancer (Beam 2003).},
year = {2007},
keywords = {model-based kappa, crossed random effects, Cohen's kappa, generalized linear mixed model, agreement},
date-added = {2010-01-12 22:36:47 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-12 22:38:23 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Nelson-2007-_A%20model%20and%20measure.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p2592},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Gordon:2007p3065,
author = {E Gordon},
title = {Genomics and neuromarkers are both required for the era of brain-related `Personalized Medicine'},
abstract = {The harsh reality is that many treatments do not work as expected in a significant percentage of patients and occasionally there are serious side effects. A new paradigm of `Personalized Medicine' is emerging, which proactively tailors treatment to each individual's biological and psychological profile. The first `Proof of Concept' phase of Personalized Medicine has now been achieved. But it has thus far focused on the use of genomic `markers' and on disorders of the body. The complexity of the brain is likely to require a shift from a single genetic marker focus to a more integrated approach, in which additional brain-related information (neuromarkers) is taken into account. Co-development of genomic-neuromarkers with new compounds in a Personalized Medicine approach, will lead to increased drug R{\&}D and treatment benefits. The emerging genomic-neuromarker potential has begun to be incorporated into the template for the next version of the DSM (DSM V). The statistical power of large subject numbers in databases in general (and standardized databases in particular), provide an ideal source for elucidating the best genomic-neuromarker profiles (explaining most of the main-effects variance) that will empower a brain-related Personalized Medicine into mainstream clinical practice.},
year = {2007},
date-added = {2010-01-14 11:31:17 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-14 11:31:47 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Gordon-2007-_Genomics%20and%20neuroma.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p3065},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Mair:2007p11668,
author = {P Mair},
journal = {Austrian Journal of Statistics},
title = {A Framework to Interpret Nonstandard Log-Linear Models},
abstract = {The formulation of log-linear models within the framework of Generalized Linear Models offers new possibilities in modeling categorical data. The resulting models are not restricted to the analysis of contingency tables in terms of ordinary hierarchical interactions. Such models are con- sidered as the family of nonstandard log-linear models. The problem that can arise is an ambiguous interpretation of parameters. In the current paper this problem is solved by looking at the effects coded in the design matrix and determining the numerical contribution of single effects. Based on these results, stepwise approaches are proposed in order to achieve parsimonious models. In addition, some testing strategies are presented to test such (eventu- ally non-nested) models against each other. As a result, a whole interpretation framework is elaborated to examine nonstandard log-linear models in depth.},
number = {2},
pages = {89--103},
volume = {36},
year = {2007},
date-added = {2010-05-14 21:06:21 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-05-14 21:07:11 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Mair-2007-Austrian%20Journal%20of%20Statistics_A%20Framework%20to%20Inter.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p11668},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Verhelst:1998aa,
author = {N D Verhelst and H H F M Verstralen},
title = {Modeling Sums of Binary Responses by the Partial Credit Model},
abstract = {The Partial Credit Model (PCM) is sometimes interpreted as a model for stepwise solution of polytomously scored items, where the item parameters are interpreted as difficulties of the steps. It is argued that this interpretation is not justified. A model for stepwise solution is discussed. It is shown that the PCM is suited to model sums of binary responses which are not supposed to be stochastically independent. As a practical result, a statistical test of stochastic independence in the Rasch model is derived.},
year = {1998},
month = {Sep},
date-added = {2010-01-03 19:39:03 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-03 19:39:03 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Verhelst-1998-_Modeling%20Sums%20of%20Bin.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1215},
rating = {0}
}

@inbook{Hill:2004,
author = {C R Hill and B Thompson},
journal = {Book},
title = {Higher education: Handbook of theory and research},
chapter = {Computing and interpreting effect sizes},
pages = {175--196},
volume = {19},
year = {2004},
date-added = {2010-01-10 11:33:22 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-10 11:33:25 +0100},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p2038},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Wang:2009p2377,
author = {Jun Wang and Xiaobo Zhou and Fuhai Li and Pamela L Bradley and Shih-Fu Chang and Norbert Perrimon and Stephen T C Wong},
journal = {J Biomed Inform},
title = {An image score inference system for RNAi genome-wide screening based on fuzzy mixture regression modeling},
abstract = {With recent advances in fluorescence microscopy imaging techniques and methods of gene knock down by RNA interference (RNAi), genome-scale high-content screening (HCS) has emerged as a powerful approach to systematically identify all parts of complex biological processes. However, a critical barrier preventing fulfillment of the success is the lack of efficient and robust methods for automating RNAi image analysis and quantitative evaluation of the gene knock down effects on huge volume of HCS data. Facing such opportunities and challenges, we have started investigation of automatic methods towards the development of a fully automatic RNAi-HCS system. Particularly important are reliable approaches to cellular phenotype classification and image-based gene function estimation. We have developed a HCS analysis platform that consists of two main components: fluorescence image analysis and image scoring. For image analysis, we used a two-step enhanced watershed method to extract cellular boundaries from HCS images. Segmented cells were classified into several predefined phenotypes based on morphological and appearance features. Using statistical characteristics of the identified phenotypes as a quantitative description of the image, a score is generated that reflects gene function. Our scoring model integrates fuzzy gene class estimation and single regression models. The final functional score of an image was derived using the weighted combination of the inference from several support vector-based regression models. We validated our phenotype classification method and scoring system on our cellular phenotype and gene database with expert ground truth labeling. We built a database of high-content, 3-channel, fluorescence microscopy images of Drosophila Kc(167) cultured cells that were treated with RNAi to perturb gene function. The proposed informatics system for microscopy image analysis is tested on this database. Both of the two main components, automated phenotype classification and image scoring system, were evaluated. The robustness and efficiency of our system were validated in quantitatively predicting the biological relevance of genes.},
affiliation = {Department of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, 1300 S.W. Mudd, 500 West 120th Street, New York, NY 10027, USA. jwang@columbia.edu},
number = {1},
pages = {32--40},
volume = {42},
year = {2009},
month = {Feb},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Regression Analysis, Gene Knockdown Techniques, Phenotype, Drosophila, Cells: Cultured, Genomics, Fuzzy Logic, Microscopy: Fluorescence, Image Processing: Computer-Assisted, Algorithms, Animals, Reproducibility of Results, Models: Genetic, Databases: Genetic, Genome, Pattern Recognition: Automated, RNA Interference, Information Storage and Retrieval},
date-added = {2010-01-10 19:29:21 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-10 19:29:21 +0100},
doi = {10.1016/j.jbi.2008.04.007},
pii = {S1532-0464(08)00057-9},
pmid = {18547870},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Wang-2009-J%20Biomed%20Inform_An%20image%20score%20infer.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p2377},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Schonemann:1997p5304,
author = {P H Sch{\"o}nemann},
journal = {Genetica},
title = {On models and muddles of heritability},
abstract = {One reason for the astonishing persistence of the IQ myth in the face of overwhelming prior and posterior odds against it may be the unbroken chain of excessive heritability claims for 'intelligence', which IQ tests are supposed to 'measure'. However, if, as some critics insist, 'intelligence' is undefined, and Spearman's g is beset with numerous problems, not the least of which is universal rejection of Spearman's model by the data, then how can the heritability of 'intelligence' exceed that of milk production of cows and egg production of hens? The thesis of the present review paper is that the answer to this riddle has two parts: (a) the technical basis of heritability claims for human behavior is just as shaky as that of Spearman's g. For example, a once widely used 'heritability estimate' turns out to be mathematically invalid, while another such estimate, though mathematically valid, never fits any data; and (b) valid technical criticisms of flawed heritability claims typically are met with stubborn editorial resistance in the main stream journals, which tends to calcify such misinformation.},
affiliation = {Department of Psychological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.},
number = {2-3},
pages = {97--108},
volume = {99},
year = {1997},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Female, Animals, Models: Statistical, Intelligence, Humans, Genetics: Behavioral, Models: Genetic, Twins, Data Interpretation: Statistical, Male},
date-added = {2010-02-10 19:48:17 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-02-10 19:48:17 +0100},
pmid = {9463078},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Sch%C3%B6nemann-1997-Genetica_On%20models%20and%20muddle.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p5304},
rating = {0}
}

@article{LeCao:2007p12960,
author = {Kim-Anh L{\^e} Cao and Olivier Gon{\c c}alves and Philippe Besse and S{\'e}bastien Gadat},
journal = {Statistical Applications in Genetics and Molecular Biology},
title = {Selection of biologically relevant genes with a wrapper stochastic algorithm},
abstract = {We investigate an important issue of a meta-algorithm for selecting variables in the framework of microarray data. This wrapper method starts from any classification algorithm and weights each variable (i.e. gene) relative to its efficiency for classification. An optimization procedure is then inferred which exhibits important genes for the studied biological process. Theory and application with the SVM classifier were presented in Gadat and Younes, 2007 and we extend this method with CART. The classification error rates are computed on three famous public databases (Leukemia, Colon and Prostate) and compared with those from other wrapper methods (RFE, lo norm SVM, Random Forests). This allows the assessment of the statistical relevance of the proposed algorithm. Furthermore, a biological interpretation with the Ingenuity Pathway Analysis software outputs clearly shows that the gene selections from the different wrapper methods raise very relevant biological information, compared to a classical filter gene selection with T-test.},
affiliation = {Universit{\'e} de Toulouse, CNRS (UMR 5219) and INRA. Kim-Anh.Le-Cao@toulouse.inra.fr},
pages = {Article29},
volume = {6},
year = {2007},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Reproducibility of Results, Genetic Techniques, Algorithms, Databases: Genetic, Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis, Models: Genetic, Stochastic Processes},
date-added = {2010-06-25 22:08:26 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-06-25 22:08:26 +0200},
doi = {10.2202/1544-6115.1312},
pmid = {18052912},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p12960},
rating = {0}
}

@misc{Liu:2007,
author = {I Liu and T Suesse},
journal = {Miscellaneous},
title = {The analysis of stratified multiple responses},
year = {2007},
date-added = {2010-01-10 11:33:17 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-10 11:33:25 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Liu-2007-Miscellaneous_The%20analysis%20of%20stra.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1952},
rating = {0}
}

@article{HugonotDiener:2003p4619,
author = {L Hugonot-Diener and M Verny and E Devouche and J Saxton and P Mecocci and F Boller},
journal = {Psyhcologie et Neuropsychiatrie du Vieilissement},
title = {Version abr{\'e}g{\'e}e de la severe impairment battery (SIB)},
pages = {273--283},
volume = {4},
year = {2003},
date-added = {2010-01-30 15:26:38 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:48:49 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Hugonot-Diener-2003-Psyhcologie%20et%20Neuropsychiatrie%20du%20Vieilissement_Version%20abr%C3%A9g%C3%A9e%20de%20l.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p4619},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Wu:2010p11220,
author = {Jing Wu and Bernie Devlin and Steven Ringquist and Massimo Trucco and Kathryn Roeder},
journal = {Genet Epidemiol},
title = {Screen and clean: a tool for identifying interactions in genome-wide association studies},
abstract = {Epistasis could be an important source of risk for disease. How interacting loci might be discovered is an open question for genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Most researchers limit their statistical analyses to testing individual pairwise interactions (i.e., marginal tests for association). A more effective means of identifying important predictors is to fit models that include many predictors simultaneously (i.e., higher-dimensional models). We explore a procedure called screen and clean (SC) for identifying liability loci, including interactions, by using the lasso procedure, which is a model selection tool for high-dimensional regression. We approach the problem by using a varying dictionary consisting of terms to include in the model. In the first step the lasso dictionary includes only main effects. The most promising single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are identified using a screening procedure. Next the lasso dictionary is adjusted to include these main effects and the corresponding interaction terms. Again, promising terms are identified using lasso screening. Then significant terms are identified through the cleaning process. Implementation of SC for GWAS requires algorithms to explore the complex model space induced by the many SNPs genotyped and their interactions. We propose and explore a set of algorithms and find that SC successfully controls Type I error while yielding good power to identify risk loci and their interactions. When the method is applied to data obtained from the Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium study of Type 1 Diabetes it uncovers evidence supporting interaction within the HLA class II region as well as within Chromosome 12q24.},
affiliation = {Department of Statistics, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.},
number = {3},
pages = {275--85},
volume = {34},
year = {2010},
month = {Apr},
language = {eng},
date-added = {2010-04-25 21:27:49 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-04-25 21:27:49 +0200},
doi = {10.1002/gepi.20459},
pmid = {20088021},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p11220},
rating = {0}
}

@article{deVet:2010p6526,
author = {Henrica C W de Vet and Berend Terluin and Dirk L Knol and Leo D Roorda and Lidwine B Mokkink and Raymond W J G Ostelo and Erik J M Hendriks and Lex M Bouter and Caroline B Terwee},
journal = {Journal of Clinical Epidemiology},
title = {Three ways to quantify uncertainty in individually applied "minimally important change" values},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Determining "minimally important change" (MIC) facilitates the interpretation of change scores on multi-item instruments. This article focuses on how MIC values should be interpreted when applied to individual patients. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: The MIC value of a hypothetical questionnaire "Q" was determined in a sample of 400 patients who improved and 100 patients who did not improve, using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) method, and three methods to quantify the uncertainty. RESULTS: The MIC value on questionnaire Q was 10.5. Firstly, the 95% confidence interval (CI) of the MIC value (for questionnaire Q: 5.6-14.2) quantifies the uncertainty of the estimation of the MIC value. Secondly, "how sure we are that this MIC value holds for every patient" is quantified by the values for sensitivity (74%) and specificity (91%). Thirdly, the smallest detectable change (SDC) on questionnaire Q is calculated (16.0) to consider whether the MIC value (10.5) falls outside or within the measurement error. CONCLUSION: For application in clinical research and practice, MIC values are always considered at the individual level, but determined in groups of patients. The interpretation comes with different forms of uncertainty. To appreciate the uncertainty, knowledge of the underlying distributions of change scores is indispensable.},
affiliation = {EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands. hcw.devet@vumc.nl},
number = {1},
pages = {37--45},
volume = {63},
year = {2010},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
date-added = {2010-02-24 20:34:04 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-02-24 20:34:04 +0100},
doi = {10.1016/j.jclinepi.2009.03.011},
pii = {S0895-4356(09)00078-X},
pmid = {19540720},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/de%20Vet-2010-Journal%20of%20Clinical%20Epidemiology_Three%20ways%20to%20quanti.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p6526},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Hollander:2010p5612,
author = {E Hollander and R J Harvey},
title = {Generalizability Theory Analysis of Item-Level O*NET Database Ratings},
abstract = {The developers of the O*NET system have suggested using incumbent raters instead of expert analysts as rating sources for their new database of occupational information. However, in our view a sufficiently thorough analysis of the existing O*NET database (collected using teams of ``expert'' analysts) has yet to be conducted, and should be performed before any further evolution of the O*NET is undertaken. This study examined the experts' ratings in the O*NET database for the Abilities, GWA, Knowledge, and Skills surveys using generalizability theory, profile shape, and interrater variance. Results suggested that caution should be exercised when using these ratings: many items and occupations exhibited questionably low levels of interrater agreement. Given the debatable quality of the experts' ratings, the advisability of switching to instrument-na{\"\i}ve, questionably motivated incumbents was questioned.},
date-added = {2010-02-12 15:48:49 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-02-12 15:49:29 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Hollander--_Generalizability%20The.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p5612},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Carr:2002p1774,
author = {D Carr},
title = {Graphical displays},
year = {2002},
date-added = {2010-01-09 21:33:04 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-09 21:33:46 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Carr-2002-_Graphical%20displays.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1774},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Hviid:2007p5043,
author = {Anders Hviid and Mads Melbye},
journal = {Am J Epidemiol},
title = {The impact of birth weight on infectious disease hospitalization in childhood},
abstract = {Low birth weight, a result of preterm birth or intrauterine growth restriction, is a well-established indicator of survival in childhood. However, corresponding epidemiologic studies of the association between low birth weight and morbidity from infections throughout childhood are sparse. The authors evaluated the relation between birth weight and infectious diseases throughout childhood in a population-based cohort study comprising all children born in Denmark from 1977 through 2004 (n = 1.7 million). Information on birth weight, gestational age, and potential confounding variables was linked to the children in the cohort, together with information on hospitalization with infectious disease. Poisson regression yielded rate ratios of hospitalization according to birth weight. The authors found that birth weight was inversely associated with risk of infectious disease hospitalization; among children aged 0-14 years, the risk of hospitalization increased 9% for each 500-g reduction in birth weight (increase in rate ratio = 1.09, 95% confidence interval: 1.09, 1.11). The effect was found to peak in infancy and to persist until 10 years of age. It was present also in children born at term (37-41 weeks of gestation). The present study is the first to demonstrate the measurable impact of birth weight on infectious diseases throughout childhood.},
affiliation = {Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark. aii@ssi.dk},
number = {7},
pages = {756--61},
volume = {165},
year = {2007},
month = {Apr},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Infant: Newborn, Risk Factors, Male, Child: Hospitalized, Birth Weight, Humans, Female, Child, Infant: Premature, Gestational Age, Child: Preschool, Adolescent, Communicable Diseases, Poisson Distribution, Infant: Low Birth Weight, Infant, Denmark, Registries},
date-added = {2010-02-05 19:59:44 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-02-05 19:59:44 +0100},
doi = {10.1093/aje/kwk064},
pii = {kwk064},
pmid = {17189591},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Hviid-2007-Am%20J%20Epidemiol_The%20impact%20of%20birth.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p5043},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Carvalho:2010p5898,
author = {C Carvalho and J Chang and J Lucas and J R Nevins and Q Wang and M West},
title = {High-Dimensional Sparse Factor Modelling: Applications in Gene Expression Genomics},
abstract = {In studies of molecular profiling and biological pathway analysis using DNA microarray gene expression data we are utilising a broad class of sparse latent factor and regression models for large-scale multivariate analysis and regression prediction. We present examples of these applica- tions with discussion of key aspects of the modelling and computational methodology. Our case studies are drawn from breast cancer genomics, where we are concerned with the investigation and characterisation of heterogeneity of structure related to specific oncogenic pathways, as well as predictive/prognostic uses of aggregate patterns in gene expression profiles in clinical contexts. Based on the metaphor of statistically derived ``factors'' as representing biological ``subpathway'' structure, we explore the decomposition of fitted sparse factor models into pathway subcompo- nents, and how these components overlay multiple aspects of known biological structure in this network. We discuss the discovery and predictive uses of this approach, and the ability to use such models to generate enrichment of existing biological descriptions through identification of interactions between factors and subsequent experimental validation. We further illustrate the cou- pled use of predictive factor regression models with the high-dimensional sparse factor analysis of expression profiles.
Our methodology is based on sparsity modelling of multivariate regression, anova and latent factor models, and a general class of models that combines all components. Novel and effec- tive sparsity priors address the inherent questions of dimension reduction and multiple compar- isons, as well as scalability of the methodology. The models include practically relevant non- Gaussian/non-parametric components for modelling latent structure underlying often quite com- plex non-Gaussianity in multivariate expression patterns related to underlying biology. Model search and fitting are addressed through stochastic simulation and evolutionary stochastic search methods that are exemplified in oncogenic pathway studies. Supplementary supporting material provides more details of the applications as well as examples of the use of freely available soft- ware tools implementing the methodology.},
date-added = {2010-02-17 21:21:12 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-02-17 21:30:27 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Carvalho--_High-Dimensional%20Spa.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p5898},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Freedman:2010p4290,
author = {L S Freedman and V Kipnis and A Schatzkin and N Tasevska and N Potischman},
journal = {Epidemiologic Perspectives {\&} Innovations},
title = {Can we use biomarkers in combination with self-reports to strengthen the analysis of nutritional epidemiologic studies?},
abstract = {Identifying diet-disease relationships in nutritional cohort studies is plagued by the measurement error in self-reported intakes. The authors propose using biomarkers known to be correlated with dietary intake, so as to strengthen analyses of diet-disease hypotheses. The authors consider combining self- reported intakes and biomarker levels using principal components, Howe's method, or a joint statistical test of effects in a bivariate model. They compared the statistical power of these methods with that of conventional univariate analyses of self-reported intake or of biomarker level. They used computer simulation of different disease risk models, with input parameters based on data from the literature on the relationship between lutein intake and age-related macular degeneration. The results showed that if the dietary effect on disease was fully mediated through the biomarker level, then the univariate analysis of the biomarker was the most powerful approach. However, combination methods, particularly principal components and Howe's method, were not greatly inferior in this situation, and were as good as, or better than, univariate biomarker analysis if mediation was only partial or non-existent. In some circumstances sample size requirements were reduced to 20-50% of those required for conventional analyses of self-reported intake. The authors conclude that (i) including biomarker data in addition to the usual dietary data in a cohort could greatly strengthen the investigation of diet-disease relationships, and (ii) when the extent of mediation through the biomarker is unknown, use of principal components or Howe's method appears a good strategy.},
number = {2},
volume = {7},
year = {2010},
date-added = {2010-01-25 20:30:33 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-25 20:32:00 +0100},
doi = {10.1186/1742-5573-7-2},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Freedman-2010-Epidemiologic%20Perspectives%20&%20Innovations_Can%20we%20use%20biomarker.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p4290},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Matthey:2001p12747,
author = {S Matthey and B Barnett and D J Kavanagh and P Howie},
journal = {J Affect Disord},
title = {Validation of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale for men, and comparison of item endorsement with their partners},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) has been validated and used extensively in screening for depression in new mothers, both in English speaking and non-English speaking communities. While some studies have reported the use of the EPDS with fathers, none have validated it for this group, and thus the appropriate cut-off score for screening for depression or anxiety caseness for this population is not known. METHODS: Couples were recruited antenatally and interviewed at six weeks postpartum. EPDS scores and distress caseness (depression or anxiety disorders) for 208 fathers and 230 mothers were determined using the Diagnostic Interview Schedule. RESULTS: Analyses of the EPDS for fathers using distress caseness (depression or anxiety disorders) as the criterion shows that a cut-off of 5/6 has optimum receiver operating characteristics. Furthermore acceptable reliability (split-half and internal consistency) and validity (concurrent) coefficients were obtained. For mothers the optimum cut-off screening value to detect distress caseness was 7/8. Item analysis revealed that fathers endorsed seven of the ten items at lower rates to mothers, with the most significant being that referring to crying. CONCLUSIONS: The EPDS is a reliable and valid measure of mood in fathers. Screening for depression or anxiety disorders in fathers requires a two point lower cut-off than screening for depression or anxiety in mothers, and we recommend this cut-off to be 5/6.},
affiliation = {Department of Psychology, University of Sydney, South West Sydney Area Health Service, Sydney, Australia. pmhs@unsw.edu.au},
number = {2-3},
pages = {175--84},
volume = {64},
year = {2001},
month = {May},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Female, Fathers, Mothers, Male, Depression: Postpartum, Questionnaires, Reproducibility of Results, Depressive Disorder, Severity of Illness Index, Sensitivity and Specificity, Humans, Culture},
date-added = {2010-06-15 22:50:11 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-06-15 22:50:17 +0200},
pii = {S0165032700002366},
pmid = {11313084},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Matthey-2001-J%20Affect%20Disord_Validation%20of%20the%20Ed.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p12747},
rating = {3}
}

@article{Schwarz:1995,
author = {N Schwarz},
journal = {International Statistical Review},
title = {What respondents learn from questionnaires: The survey interview and the logic},
number = {2},
pages = {153--177},
volume = {63},
year = {1995},
date-added = {2010-01-10 11:33:19 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-10 11:33:25 +0100},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1919},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Westfall:2010p4030,
author = {P H Westfall and R D Wolfinger},
title = {Closed Multiple Testing Procedures and PROC MULTTEST},
abstract = {Multiple comparisons and multiple testing problems arise frequently in statistical data analysis, and it is important to address them appropriately. Closed testing methods are among the most powerful multiple inference methods available, and are therefore gaining rapidly in popularity. The purpose of this article is to explain what a closed testing procedure is, why such methods are desirable, and explicitly identify situations for which the MULTTEST procedure provides a closed testing procedure.},
date-added = {2010-01-19 08:24:30 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-19 08:25:11 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Westfall--_Closed%20Multiple%20Test.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p4030},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Janssens:2009p4209,
author = {Astrid Janssens and Dirk Deboutte},
journal = {Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry},
title = {Screening for psychopathology in child welfare: the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) compared with the Achenbach System of Empirically Based Assessment (ASEBA)},
abstract = {Whilst children in child welfare suffer more psychopathology than their community peers, only a small percentage of them actually receive mental health care. Previous literature suggested that all children entering child welfare should be screened. This study evaluated whether the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) could be used for this purpose. The extended version of the SDQ and the Achenbach System of Empirically Based Assessment (ASEBA) questionnaire were administered to parents and caregivers of 292 children in child welfare. Children older than 11 years also completed the SDQ self-report and the Youth Self Report (YSR). Furthermore, the child's history of service use was recorded and informants were asked if the actual care was sufficient. Inter-informant correlations for the scores from the SDQ and ASEBA were high and comparable or favoured the use of the SDQ (for parents and caregivers). Internal consistency was satisfactory to good. For all informants, high correlations were found between SDQ and ASEBA. Despite high scores on the SDQ, only 29% of the children had received mental health care. Service use was only correlated with the parent SDQ and the CBCL and TRF. Additional help, as requested by 21% of the parents and 37% of the caregivers, correlated moderately with the SDQ and ASEBA scores. Compared to the total difficulties score, the impact supplement is a better predictor of service use and the informant's request for additional help. This study illustrates that the Dutch version of the SDQ, similar to the English and German versions, has equal validity as the Dutch ASEBA for screening children. Caution is warranted when the SDQ is the only source of information for referrals to specialized care.},
affiliation = {University Centre Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Antwerp (UCKJA), Collaborative Antwerp Psychiatric Research Institute (CAPRI), University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium. astrid.janssens@ua.ac.be},
number = {11},
pages = {691--700},
volume = {18},
year = {2009},
month = {Nov},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Psychometrics, Reproducibility of Results, Personality Inventory, Mental Disorders, Male, Child Welfare, Child: Preschool, Female, Humans, Adolescent, Child, Questionnaires, Health Surveys},
date-added = {2010-01-21 08:01:25 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:26:12 +0200},
doi = {10.1007/s00787-009-0030-y},
pmid = {19462154},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p4209},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Grilli:2007p6462,
author = {L Grilli and C Rampichini},
journal = {Statistical methodology {\&} Applications},
title = {A multilevel multinomial logit model for the analysis of graduates' skills},
abstract = {The main goal of the paper is to specify a suitable multivariate multilevel model for polytomous responses with a non-ignorable missing data mechanism in order to determine the factors which influence the way of acquisi- tion of the skills of the graduates and to evaluate the degree programmes on the basis of the adequacy of the skills they give to their graduates. The application is based on data gathered by a telephone survey conducted, about two years after the degree, on the graduates of year 2000 of the University of Florence. A multilevel multinomial logit model for the response of interest is fitted simul- taneously with a multilevel logit model for the selection mechanism by means of maximum likelihood with adaptive Gaussian quadrature. In the application the multilevel structure has a crucial role, while selection bias results negligible. The analysis of the empirical Bayes residuals allows to detect some extreme degree programmes to be further inspected.},
pages = {381--393},
volume = {16},
year = {2007},
date-added = {2010-02-23 08:31:39 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-02-23 08:32:28 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Grilli-2007-Statistical%20methodology%20&%20Applications_A%20multilevel%20multino.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p6462},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Massaro:1993p11860,
author = {D W Massaro and N Cowan},
journal = {Annual Review of Psychology},
title = {Information processing models: microscopes of the mind},
affiliation = {Program in Experimental Psychology, University of California, Santa Cruz 95064.},
pages = {383--425},
volume = {44},
year = {1993},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Female, Cognition, Speech Perception, Models: Psychological, Decision Making, Memory, Reading, Humans, Perception, Male, Psychophysics, Visual Perception},
date-added = {2010-05-23 11:44:30 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-05-23 11:44:30 +0200},
doi = {10.1146/annurev.ps.44.020193.002123},
pmid = {8434893},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Massaro-1993-Annual%20Review%20of%20Psychology_Information%20processi.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p11860},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Gonzalez:2007p2284,
author = {Juan R Gonz{\'a}lez and Llu{\'\i}s Armengol and Xavier Sol{\'e} and Elisabet Guin{\'o} and Josep M Mercader and Xavier Estivill and V{\'\i}ctor Moreno},
journal = {Bioinformatics},
title = {SNPassoc: an R package to perform whole genome association studies},
abstract = {The popularization of large-scale genotyping projects has led to the widespread adoption of genetic association studies as the tool of choice in the search for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) underlying susceptibility to complex diseases. Although the analysis of individual SNPs is a relatively trivial task, when the number is large and multiple genetic models need to be explored it becomes necessary a tool to automate the analyses. In order to address this issue, we developed SNPassoc, an R package to carry out most common analyses in whole genome association studies. These analyses include descriptive statistics and exploratory analysis of missing values, calculation of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, analysis of association based on generalized linear models (either for quantitative or binary traits), and analysis of multiple SNPs (haplotype and epistasis analysis). AVAILABILITY: Package SNPassoc is available at CRAN from http://cran.r-project.org. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: A tutorial is available on Bioinformatics online and in http://davinci.crg.es/estivill_lab/snpassoc.},
affiliation = {Genes and Disease Program, Centre for Genomic Regulation, IDIBELL, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain. juanramon.gonzalez@crg.es},
number = {5},
pages = {644--5},
volume = {23},
year = {2007},
month = {Mar},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Software, Polymorphism: Single Nucleotide, Genomics, Databases: Genetic, Haplotypes, Linear Models},
date-added = {2010-01-10 12:01:36 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-10 12:01:36 +0100},
doi = {10.1093/bioinformatics/btm025},
pii = {btm025},
pmid = {17267436},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Gonz%C3%A1lez-2007-Bioinformatics_SNPassoc%20an%20R%20packa.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p2284},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Verbyla:1997p3694,
author = {A P Verbyla and B R Cullis and M G Kenward and S J Welham},
title = {The analysis of designed experiments and longitudinal data using smoothing splines},
abstract = {Smoothing splines and other non-parametric smoothing methods are well accepted for exploratory data analysis. These methods have been used in regression, in repeated measures or longitudinal data analysis, and in generalized linear models. However, a major drawback is the lack of a formal inferential framework. An exception which has not been fully exploited is the cubic smoothing spline. The cubic smoothing spline admits a mixed model formulation, which places this non-parametric smoother firmly in a parametric setting. The formulation presented in this paper provides the mechanism for including cubic smoothing splines in models for the analysis of designed experiments and longitudinal data. Thus nonlinear curves can be included with random effects and random coefficients, and this leads to very flexible and informative modelling within the linear mixed model framework. Variance heterogeneity can also be accommodated. The advantage of using the cubic smoothing spline in the case of longitudinal data is particularly pronounced, because covariance modelling is achieved implicitly as for random coefficient models. Several examples are considered to illustrate the ideas.},
year = {1997},
date-added = {2010-01-16 20:33:25 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-16 20:34:05 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Verbyla-1997-_The%20analysis%20of%20desi.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p3694},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Gottesman:2003p10394,
author = {Irving I Gottesman and Todd D Gould},
journal = {Am J Psychiatry},
title = {The endophenotype concept in psychiatry: etymology and strategic intentions},
abstract = {Endophenotypes, measurable components unseen by the unaided eye along the pathway between disease and distal genotype, have emerged as an important concept in the study of complex neuropsychiatric diseases. An endophenotype may be neurophysiological, biochemical, endocrinological, neuroanatomical, cognitive, or neuropsychological (including configured self-report data) in nature. Endophenotypes represent simpler clues to genetic underpinnings than the disease syndrome itself, promoting the view that psychiatric diagnoses can be decomposed or deconstructed, which can result in more straightforward-and successful-genetic analysis. However, to be most useful, endophenotypes for psychiatric disorders must meet certain criteria, including association with a candidate gene or gene region, heritability that is inferred from relative risk for the disorder in relatives, and disease association parameters. In addition to furthering genetic analysis, endophenotypes can clarify classification and diagnosis and foster the development of animal models. The authors discuss the etymology and strategy behind the use of endophenotypes in neuropsychiatric research and, more generally, in research on other diseases with complex genetics.},
affiliation = {Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis 55454, USA. Gotte003@UMN.edu},
number = {4},
pages = {636--45},
volume = {160},
year = {2003},
month = {Apr},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Prefrontal Cortex, Schizophrenia, Family, Humans, Saccades, Pursuit: Smooth, Research Design, Mental Disorders, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Models: Biological, Terminology as Topic, Phenotype, Risk, Models: Genetic, Schizophrenic Psychology, Memory Disorders, Disease Models: Animal, Psychiatry},
date-added = {2010-04-07 10:53:35 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:51:28 +0200},
pmid = {12668349},
URL = {http://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/cgi/content/full/160/4/636},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Gottesman-2003-Am%20J%20Psychiatry_The%20endophenotype%20co.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p10394},
read = {Yes},
rating = {5}
}

@article{Neyman:1934p6325,
author = {J Neyman},
journal = {Journal of the Royal Statistical Society},
title = {On the Two Different Aspects of the Representative Method: The Method of Stratified Sampling and the Method of Purposive Selection},
number = {4},
pages = {558--625},
volume = {97},
year = {1934},
date-added = {2010-02-20 21:19:03 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-02-20 21:19:34 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Neyman-1934-Journal%20of%20the%20Royal%20Statistical%20Society_On%20the%20Two%20Different.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p6325},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Scharpf:2008p2942,
author = {Robert B Scharpf and Giovanni Parmigiani and Jonathan Pevsner and Ingo Ruczinski},
journal = {arXiv},
title = {Hidden Markov models for the assessment of chromosomal alterations using  high-throughput SNP arrays},
abstract = { Chromosomal DNA is characterized by variation between individuals at the level of entire chromosomes (e.g., aneuploidy in which the chromosome copy number is altered), segmental changes (including insertions, deletions, inversions, and translocations), and changes to small genomic regions (including single nucleotide polymorphisms). A variety of alterations that occur in chromosomal DNA, many of which can be detected using high density single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) microarrays, are linked to normal variation as well as disease and are therefore of particular interest. These include changes in copy number (deletions and duplications) and genotype (e.g., the occurrence of regions of homozygosity). Hidden Markov models (HMM) are particularly useful for detecting such alterations, modeling the spatial dependence between neighboring SNPs. Here, we improve previous approaches that utilize HMM frameworks for inference in high throughput SNP arrays by integrating copy number, genotype calls, and the corresponding measures of uncertainty when available. Using simulated and experimental data, we, in particular, demonstrate how confidence scores control smoothing in a probabilistic framework. Software for fitting HMMs to SNP array data is available in the R package VanillaICE. },
annote = {Published in: Annals of Applied Statistics 2008, Vol. 2, No. 2, 687-713

Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/07-AOAS155 the Annals of
  Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of
  Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)},
eprint = {0807.4649v1},
volume = {stat.AP},
year = {2008},
month = {Jan},
keywords = {stat.AP},
date-added = {2010-01-13 23:00:55 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-13 23:00:55 +0100},
doi = {10.1214/07-AOAS155},
pmid = {0807.4649v1},
URL = {http://arxiv.org/abs/0807.4649v1},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Scharpf-2008-arXiv_Hidden%20Markov%20models.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p2942},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Lloyd:2010p12858,
author = {C J Lloyd and M V Moldovan},
title = {More powerful exact noninferiority and equivalence tests based on binary matched pairs},
abstract = {Assessing the therapeutic noninferiority or equivalence of one medical treat- ment compared to another is often based on the difference of response rates from a matched binary pairs design. This paper develops new exact unconditional tests for noninferiority and equivalence that are more powerful than available alternatives. There are three new elements presented in this paper. First we introduce the LR statistic as an alternative to the previously proposed score sta- tistic of Nam (1997). Second, we eliminate the nuisance parameter by estimation followed by maximization as an alternative to the partial maximization of Berger and Boos (1994) or traditional full maximization. Third, for testing equivalence it is standard to combine two one-sided tests (TOST). We point out that even if the one-sided tests are exact and efficient, the TOST will be conservative and re- quires a further adjustment to remove this conservatism. Based on an extensive numerical study, we recommend tests based on the score statistic, the nuisance parameter being controlled by estimation followed by maximization.},
date-added = {2010-06-22 08:19:24 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-06-22 08:20:06 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Lloyd--_More%20powerful%20exact.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p12858},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Shea:2009,
author = {Tracey L Shea and Alan Tennant and Julie F Pallant},
journal = {BMC Psychiatry},
title = {Rasch model analysis of the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS).},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: There is a growing awareness of the need for easily administered, psychometrically sound screening tools to identify individuals with elevated levels of psychological distress. Although support has been found for the psychometric properties of the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS) using classical test theory approaches it has not been subjected to Rasch analysis. The aim of this study was to use Rasch analysis to assess the psychometric properties of the DASS-21 scales, using two different administration modes. METHODS: The DASS-21 was administered to 420 participants with half the sample responding to a web-based version and the other half completing a traditional pencil-and-paper version. Conformity of DASS-21 scales to a Rasch partial credit model was assessed using the RUMM2020 software. RESULTS: To achieve adequate model fit it was necessary to remove one item from each of the DASS-21 subscales. The reduced scales showed adequate internal consistency reliability, unidimensionality and freedom from differential item functioning for sex, age and mode of administration. Analysis of all DASS-21 items combined did not support its use as a measure of general psychological distress. A scale combining the anxiety and stress items showed satisfactory fit to the Rasch model after removal of three items. CONCLUSION: The results provide support for the measurement properties, internal consistency reliability, and unidimensionality of three slightly modified DASS-21 scales, across two different administration methods. The further use of Rasch analysis on the DASS-21 in larger and broader samples is recommended to confirm the findings of the current study.},
affiliation = {Swinburne University of Technology, P.O. Box 218, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia. tracey.shea@buseco.monash.edu.au},
pages = {21},
volume = {9},
year = {2009},
language = {eng},
date-added = {2010-01-03 19:38:21 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-03 19:38:22 +0100},
doi = {10.1186/1471-244X-9-21},
pii = {1471-244X-9-21},
pmid = {19426512},
URL = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-244X-9-21},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1141},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Taylor:2008p10334,
author = {Steven Taylor and Kerry L Jang and Sherry H Stewart and Murray B Stein},
journal = {J Anxiety Disord},
title = {Etiology of the dimensions of anxiety sensitivity: a behavioral-genetic analysis},
abstract = {Evidence suggests that anxiety sensitivity (AS) contributes to individual differences in fearfulness and to the risk of developing anxiety disorders. To investigate the origins of AS we administered the Anxiety Sensitivity Index to 245 monozygotic and 193 dizygotic twin pairs, comprising 658 women and 218 men. Scores were calculated for the most widely replicated AS dimensions; physical, cognitive, and social concerns. For women, each dimension was influenced by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Heritability in women significantly increased with AS scores, indicating that severe forms of AS, compared to milder forms, are more strongly influenced by genetic factors. Correlations among AS dimensions for women could be explained by genetic and environmental factors influencing all three dimensions. For men, dimensions were influenced by environmental but not genetic factors. Correlations among dimensions for men could be explained by environmental factors influencing all dimensions. Overall, the findings reveal that AS has more complex etiology than previously recognized; its dimensions appear to arise from a mix of dimension-specific and non-specific etiologic factors, whose importance vary as a function of sex and severity.},
affiliation = {Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A1, Canada. taylor@unixg.ubc.ca},
number = {5},
pages = {899--914},
volume = {22},
year = {2008},
month = {Jun},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Individuality, Anxiety, Adult, Questionnaires, Diseases in Twins, Female, Personality, Aged: 80 and over, Sex Factors, Middle Aged, Genetics: Behavioral, Risk Factors, Anxiety Disorders, Male, Humans, Aged, Social Environment, Twins: Monozygotic, Twins: Dizygotic, Adolescent},
date-added = {2010-04-02 18:15:38 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:31:53 +0200},
doi = {10.1016/j.janxdis.2007.09.005},
pii = {S0887-6185(07)00175-2},
pmid = {18029140},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p10334},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Thomas:1992p6646,
author = {D Thomas and B Langholz and D Clayton and J Pitk{\"a}niemi and E Tuomilehto-Wolf and J Tuomilehto},
journal = {Ann Med},
title = {Empirical Bayes methods for testing associations with large numbers of candidate genes in the presence of environmental risk factors, with applications to HLA associations in IDDM},
abstract = {Standard regression models for disease incidence data can be used to test for associations between a disease and measured genetic and environmental factors and their interactions. Complications arise when the gene is not observed, requiring segregation and linkage analysis approaches, or when the candidate gene(s) are found to be highly polymorphic, as in the HLA region. We propose a Bayesian approach to the latter problem, in which the log relative risks for all alleles at a given locus are taken to be independent and exchangeable, assuming there is no preferential zygotic assortment and negligible recombination. Multi-locus problems can be addressed either by adding exchangeable interaction terms or by adopting a multivariate prior for haplotype effects. Some simulations based on our current work on family studies of IDDM are discussed.},
affiliation = {Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles 90033-9987.},
number = {5},
pages = {387--92},
volume = {24},
year = {1992},
month = {Oct},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Bayes Theorem, Genes, Triplets, Risk Factors, Likelihood Functions, Haplotypes, Alleles, Humans, Diabetes Mellitus: Type 1, HLA Antigens, Child, Models: Genetic},
date-added = {2010-03-03 20:35:30 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-03-03 20:35:31 +0100},
pmid = {1418924},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p6646},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Davier:2004p3602,
author = {M von Davier and K Yamamoto},
journal = {Applied Psychological Measurement},
title = {Partially Observed Mixtures of IRT Models: An Extension of the Generalized Partial-Credit Model},
abstract = {The generalized partial-credit model (GPCM) is used frequently in educational testing and in large-scale assessments for analyzing polytomous data. Special cases of the generalized partial-credit model are the partial-credit model---or Rasch model for ordinal data---and the two-parameter logistic (2PL) model. This article extends the GPCM to the class of discrete mixture distribution models. The developments presented here extend models such as the mixed Rasch model and dichotomous multiparameter item response theory (IRT) mixture models. In addition, the model proposed here allows estimation of multigroup models with partially missing grouping information. An application of the proposed partially observed mixture IRT model to a sparse matrix sample of item responses from a national large-scale assessment program is also presented.},
affiliation = {Educational Testing Service, Princeton, NJ},
number = {6},
pages = {389--406},
volume = {28},
year = {2004},
date-added = {2010-01-15 21:41:45 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-15 21:43:03 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Davier-2004-Applied%20Psychological%20Measurement_Partially%20Observed%20M.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p3602},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Buil:2009p2394,
author = {Alfonso Buil and Angel Martinez-Perez and Alexandre Perera-Lluna and Leonor Rib and Pere Caminal and Jose Manuel Soria},
journal = {BMC Proc},
title = {A new gene-based association test for genome-wide association studies},
abstract = {ABSTRACT : Genome-wide association studies are widely used today to discover genetic factors that modify the risk of complex diseases. Usually, these methods work in a SNP-by-SNP fashion. We present a gene-based test that can be applied in the context of genome-wide association studies. We compare both strategies, SNP-based and gene-based, in a sample of cases and controls for rheumatoid arthritis.We obtained different results using each strategy. The SNP-based test found the PTPN22 gene while the gene-based test found the PHF19-TRAF1-C5 region. That suggests that no single strategy performs better than another in all cases and that a certain underlying genetic architecture can be delineated more easily with one strategy rather than with another.},
affiliation = {Unitat de Genomica de Malalties Complexes, Institut de Recerca de l'Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, 08025, Spain. abuil@santpau.cat.},
pages = {S130},
volume = {3 Suppl 7},
year = {2009},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
date-added = {2010-01-11 19:52:35 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:21:19 +0200},
pmid = {20017997},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Buil-2009-BMC%20Proc_A%20new%20gene-based%20ass.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p2394},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Gillespie:2009p7879,
author = {Charles F Gillespie and Justine Phifer and Bekh Bradley and Kerry J Ressler},
journal = {Depress Anxiety},
title = {Risk and resilience: genetic and environmental influences on development of the stress response},
abstract = {Exposure to stressful events during development has consistently been shown to produce long-lasting alterations in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, which may increase vulnerability to disease, including posttraumatic stress disorder and other mood and anxiety disorders. Recently reported genetic association studies indicate that these effects may be mediated, in part, by genexenvironment interactions involving polymorphisms within two key genes, CRHR1 and FKBP5. Data suggest that these genes regulate HPA axis function in conjunction with exposure to child maltreatment or abuse. In addition, a large and growing body of preclinical research suggests that increased activity of the amygdala-HPA axis induced by experimental manipulation of the amygdala mimics several of the physiological and behavioral symptoms of stress-related psychiatric illness in humans. Notably, interactions between the developing amygdala and HPA axis underlie critical periods for emotional learning, which are modulated by developmental support and maternal care. These translational findings lead to an integrated hypothesis: high levels of early life trauma lead to disease through the developmental interaction of genetic variants with neural circuits that regulate emotion, together mediating risk and resilience in adults.},
affiliation = {Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30329, USA.},
number = {11},
pages = {984--92},
volume = {26},
year = {2009},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Resilience: Psychological, Polymorphism: Genetic, Social Environment, Humans, Receptors: Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone, Arousal, Mood Disorders, Anxiety Disorders, Life Change Events, Stress Disorders: Post-Traumatic, Child Abuse, Tacrolimus Binding Proteins, Adult, Child, Nerve Net, Socioeconomic Factors, Pituitary-Adrenal System, Emotions, Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Amygdala},
date-added = {2010-03-20 19:18:51 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-03-20 19:18:51 +0100},
doi = {10.1002/da.20605},
pmid = {19750552},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p7879},
rating = {0}
}

@article{DiGiorgio:2008p8877,
author = {Annabella Di Giorgio and Giuseppe Blasi and Fabio Sambataro and Antonio Rampino and Apostolos Papazacharias and Francesco Gambi and Raffaella Romano and Grazia Caforio and Miriam Rizzo and Valeria Latorre and Teresa Popolizio and Bhaskar Kolachana and Joseph H Callicott and Marcello Nardini and Daniel R Weinberger and Alessandro Bertolino},
journal = {Eur J Neurosci},
title = {Association of the SerCys DISC1 polymorphism with human hippocampal formation gray matter and function during memory encoding},
abstract = {A common nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphism leading to a serine-to-cysteine substitution at amino acid 704 (Ser(704)Cys) in the DISC1 protein sequence has been recently associated with schizophrenia and with specific hippocampal abnormalities. Here, we used multimodal neuroimaging to investigate in a large sample of healthy subjects the putative association of the Ser(704)Cys DISC1 polymorphism with in vivo brain phenotypes including hippocampal formation (HF) gray matter volume and function (as assessed with functional MRI) as well as HF functional coupling with the neural network engaged during encoding of recognition memory. Individuals homozygous for DISC1 Ser allele relative to carriers of the Cys allele showed greater gray matter volume in the HF. Further, Ser/Ser subjects exhibited greater engagement of the HF together with greater HF-dorsolateral prefrontal cortex functional coupling during memory encoding, in spite of similar behavioral performance. These findings consistently support the notion that Ser(704)Cys DISC1 polymorphism is physiologically relevant. Moreover, they support the hypothesis that genetic variation in DISC1 may affect the risk for schizophrenia by modifying hippocampal gray matter and function.},
affiliation = {Psychiatric Neuroscience Group, Section on Mental Disorders, Department of Neurological and Psychiatric Sciences, University of Bari, Bari, Italy.},
number = {10},
pages = {2129--36},
volume = {28},
year = {2008},
month = {Nov},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Amino Acid Sequence, Schizophrenia, Young Adult, DNA Mutational Analysis, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Adult, Alleles, Hippocampus, Amino Acid Substitution, Cysteine, Serine, Prefrontal Cortex, Genetic Variation, Male, Female, Humans, Neural Pathways, Memory, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Polymorphism: Genetic, Memory Disorders, Genotype, Magnetic Resonance Imaging},
date-added = {2010-03-22 12:49:19 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-03-22 12:49:20 +0100},
doi = {10.1111/j.1460-9568.2008.06482.x},
pii = {EJN6482},
pmid = {19046394},
URL = {http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/121493816/abstract},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Di%20Giorgio-2008-Eur%20J%20Neurosci_Association%20of%20the%20S.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p8877},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Christensen:2007p14105,
author = {K B Christensen and S Kreiner},
title = {Exact tests of the Rasch model based on scalability coefficients},
abstract = {For item responses fitting the Rasch model, the assumptions under- lying the Mokken model of double monotonicity are met. This makes nonparametric item response theory a natural starting point for Rasch item analysis. This paper studies scalability coefficients based on Lo- evingers H coefficient that summarize the number of Guttman errors in the data matrix. These coefficients are shown to yield efficient tests of the Rasch model using exact p-values computed using Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods. The power of the tests of unequal item discrimination, and their ability to distinguish between local depen- dence and unequal item discrimination is discussed. The methods are illustrated and motivated using a simulation study and a real data example.},
year = {2007},
date-added = {2010-08-18 11:21:24 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-08-18 11:22:18 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Christensen-2007-_Exact%20tests%20of%20the%20R.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p14105},
rating

license: MIT

license_type: permissive

branch_name: refs/heads/master

extension: bib