text:
-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p3535},
rating = {0}
}

@article{AsadiLari:2003p8769,
author = {Mohsen Asadi-Lari and Chris Packham and David Gray},
journal = {Health Qual Life Outcomes},
title = {Need for redefining needs},
abstract = {Defining needs is difficult due to the inherent complexity of the concept of 'need', so it is not surprising that numerous definitions have been proposed. 'Health' consists of a wide range of characteristics so 'health needs' ought to include personal and social care, health care, accommodation, finance, education, employment and leisure, transport and access. Target-driven standards in areas of health care with a high political profile appear to be replacing the concept of universal provision and clinical need; this major change in clinical care warrants a re-evaluation of health care outcomes. Identifying who might benefit from this new approach to health care is equally important if scarce resources are to be fully and appropriately utilised. If the goal of care is 'optimal health', the key marker of success ought to be to ascertain individual patients' health care needs (HCN) and tailor services accordingly. Wide variation in the description of 'needs' directly affects policies and services intended to meet a population's health care needs. Consequently, the definition of 'needs' has important implications for healthcare provision- the more constrained the definition, the less healthcare will be made available and vice versa. This paper describes some common definitions of needs and discusses their respective benefits and disadvantages in terms of health care provision and their potential impact on health policy.},
affiliation = {Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital, Nottingham, UK, NG7 2UH. msxma@nottingham.ac.uk},
pages = {34},
volume = {1},
year = {2003},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Needs Assessment, Family Practice, Health Services Needs and Demand, Health Policy, Health Services, Coronary Disease, Humans, Great Britain},
date-added = {2010-03-22 12:07:00 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-03-22 12:07:00 +0100},
doi = {10.1186/1477-7525-1-34},
pii = {1477-7525-1-34},
pmid = {12967351},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Asadi-Lari-2003-Health%20and%20Quality%20of%20Life%20Outcomes_Need%20for%20redefining.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p8769},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Lein:2007p3504,
author = {Ed S Lein and Michael J Hawrylycz and Nancy Ao and Mikael Ayres and Amy Bensinger and Amy Bernard and Andrew F Boe and Mark S Boguski and Kevin S Brockway and Emi J Byrnes and Lin Chen and Li Chen and Tsuey-Ming Chen and Mei Chi Chin and Jimmy Chong and Brian E Crook and Aneta Czaplinska and Chinh N Dang and Suvro Datta and Nick R Dee and Aimee L Desaki and Tsega Desta and Ellen Diep and Tim A Dolbeare and Matthew J Donelan and Hong-Wei Dong and Jennifer G Dougherty and Ben J Duncan and Amanda J Ebbert and Gregor Eichele and Lili K Estin and Casey Faber and Benjamin A Facer and Rick Fields and Shanna R Fischer and Tim P Fliss and Cliff Frensley and Sabrina N Gates and Katie J Glattfelder and Kevin R Halverson and Matthew R Hart and John G Hohmann and Maureen P Howell and Darren P Jeung and Rebecca A Johnson and Patrick T Karr and Reena Kawal and Jolene M Kidney and Rachel H Knapik and Chihchau L Kuan and James H Lake and Annabel R Laramee and Kirk D Larsen and Christopher Lau and Tracy A Lemon and Agnes J Liang and Ying Liu and Lon T Luong and Jesse Michaels and Judith J Morgan and Rebecca J Morgan and Marty T Mortrud and Nerick F Mosqueda and Lydia L Ng and Randy Ng and Geralyn J Orta and Caroline C Overly and Tu H Pak and Sheana E Parry and Sayan D Pathak and Owen C Pearson and Ralph B Puchalski and Zackery L Riley and Hannah R Rockett and Stephen A Rowland and Joshua J Royall and Marcos J Ruiz and Nadia R Sarno and Katherine Schaffnit and Nadiya V Shapovalova and Taz Sivisay and Clifford R Slaughterbeck and Simon C Smith and Kimberly A Smith and Bryan I Smith and Andy J Sodt and Nick N Stewart and Kenda-Ruth Stumpf and Susan M Sunkin and Madhavi Sutram and Angelene Tam and Carey D Teemer and Christina Thaller and Carol L Thompson and Lee R Varnam and Axel Visel and Ray M Whitlock and Paul E Wohnoutka and Crissa K Wolkey and Victoria Y Wong and Matthew Wood and Murat B Yaylaoglu and Rob C Young and Brian L Youngstrom and Xu Feng Yuan and Bin Zhang and Theresa A Zwingman and Allan R Jones},
journal = {Nature},
title = {Genome-wide atlas of gene expression in the adult mouse brain},
abstract = {Molecular approaches to understanding the functional circuitry of the nervous system promise new insights into the relationship between genes, brain and behaviour. The cellular diversity of the brain necessitates a cellular resolution approach towards understanding the functional genomics of the nervous system. We describe here an anatomically comprehensive digital atlas containing the expression patterns of approximately 20,000 genes in the adult mouse brain. Data were generated using automated high-throughput procedures for in situ hybridization and data acquisition, and are publicly accessible online. Newly developed image-based informatics tools allow global genome-scale structural analysis and cross-correlation, as well as identification of regionally enriched genes. Unbiased fine-resolution analysis has identified highly specific cellular markers as well as extensive evidence of cellular heterogeneity not evident in classical neuroanatomical atlases. This highly standardized atlas provides an open, primary data resource for a wide variety of further studies concerning brain organization and function.},
affiliation = {Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, Washington 98103, USA. edl@alleninstitute.org},
number = {7124},
pages = {168--76},
volume = {445},
year = {2007},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Brain, Genome, Hippocampus, Gene Expression Regulation, Animals, Organ Specificity, RNA: Messenger, Computational Biology, Male, Mice, Mice: Inbred C57BL, Gene Expression Profiling, Genomics},
date-added = {2010-01-15 15:45:45 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:40:35 +0200},
doi = {10.1038/nature05453},
pii = {nature05453},
pmid = {17151600},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Lein-2007-Nature_Genome-wide%20atlas%20of.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p3504},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Vrignaud:2006p1718,
author = {P Vrignaud},
journal = {Revue fran{\c c}aise de P{\'e}dagogie},
title = {La mesure de la litt{\'e}ratie dans PISA : la m{\'e}thodologie est la r{\'e}ponse,
mais quelle {\'e}tait la question ?},
year = {2006},
date-added = {2010-01-09 20:25:53 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-09 20:26:45 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Vrignaud-2006-Revue%20franc%CC%A7aise%20de%20Pe%CC%81dagogie_La%20mesure%20de%20la%20litt.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1718},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Glas:1998p4614,
author = {C A W Glas},
journal = {Statistica Sinica},
title = {Detection of differential item functioning using lagrange multiplier tests},
abstract = {In the present paper it is shown that differential item functioning can be evaluated using the Lagrange multiplier test or Rao's efficient score test. The test is presented in the framework of a number of IRT models such as the Rasch model, the OPLM, the 2-parameter logistic model, the generalized partial credit model and the nominal response model. However, the paradigm for detection of differential item functioning presented here also applies to other IRT models. Two examples are given, one using simulated data and one using real data.},
pages = {647--667},
volume = {8},
year = {1998},
date-added = {2010-01-30 15:15:17 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-06-18 22:55:18 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Glas-1998-Statistica%20Sinica_Detection%20of%20differe-2.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p4614},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Zhao:1998p11297,
author = {J H Zhao and P C Sham},
journal = {Computational Statistics},
title = {A method for calculating probability convolution using "ternary" numbers with application in the determination of twin zygosity},
pages = {225--232},
volume = {28},
year = {1998},
date-added = {2010-04-26 22:30:14 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:24:31 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Zhao-1998-Computational%20Statistics_A%20method%20for%20calcula.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p11297},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Harvey:2010p4921,
author = {Philippe-Olivier Harvey and Jorge Armony and Ashok Malla and Martin Lepage},
journal = {J Psychiatr Res},
title = {Functional neural substrates of self-reported physical anhedonia in non-clinical individuals and in patients with schizophrenia},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Anhedonia is a negative symptom of schizophrenia that has a detrimental impact on functioning and quality of life. Anhedonia also represents a vulnerability marker for schizophrenia when measured in non-clinical individuals. The investigation of the neural correlates of anhedonia in schizophrenia and non-clinical individuals could provide key insights on the pathophysiology of negative symptoms, as well as on the characterization of neural markers of vulnerability. METHODS: Thirty patients with schizophrenia and twenty-six non-clinical individuals were recruited. We used an event-related functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging paradigm involving an emotional picture viewing task. For each group, separately, we correlated the regional BOLD signal changes during hedonic processing with the Chapman Physical Anhedonia Scale scores. An interaction analysis identified the neural correlates of anhedonia specific to schizophrenia. RESULTS: We found that anhedonia severity in both groups was inversely correlated with the activity of a limited number of emotion-related regions, including the medial prefrontal cortex. The orbitofrontal cortex and putamen/ventral striatum activity was negatively correlated with anhedonia severity in people with schizophrenia only. CONCLUSIONS: The data first suggest that anhedonia severity is linked to a poor modulation of emotional/attentional brain regions during the processing of hedonic information. The link between anhedonia and the activity of the ventral striatum and orbitofrontal cortex found in schizophrenia could reflect the specific impairment of indirect factors, such as reward anticipation deficits, that influence the measurement of anhedonia severity through self-report questionnaires.},
affiliation = {Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.},
pages = {},
year = {2010},
month = {Jan},
language = {ENG},
date-added = {2010-02-02 11:27:04 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:35:54 +0200},
doi = {10.1016/j.jpsychires.2009.12.008},
pii = {S0022-3956(09)00283-0},
pmid = {20116072},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Harvey-2010-J%20Psychiatr%20Res_Functional%20neural%20su.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p4921},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Marsh:2010p13782,
author = {HW Marsh and O L{\"u}dtke and B Muth{\'e}n and T Asparouhov and A J S Morin and U Trautwein},
title = {A New Look at the Big-Five Factor Structure through Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling},
abstract = {Arguably, the NEO instruments are the most widely used instrument to assess the big-five personality
factors, but no confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) conducted at the item-level supports its a priori structure, forcing researchers to resort to questionable strategies or to forgo the important advantages of CFA. This reflects, in part, the overly restrictive assumptions of CFA models. We demonstrate that exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM), an integration of CFA/SEM and exploratory factor analyses (EFA), overcomes these problems based on responses to the 60-item NEO-FFI (n= 3390 German students, M age = 19.5). First, we compare CFA and ESEM approaches, include (a priori) correlated uniquenesses to represent big-five facets, and show that ESEM fits the data much better and results in substantially more differentiated (less correlated) factors. We then test gender invariance with an ESEM MIMIC model, followed by a 13-model ESEM taxonomy of full (mean structure) measurement invariance, testing invariance of factor loadings, factor variance-covariances, item uniquenesses, correlated uniquenesses, item intercepts, differential item functioning, and latent means. Consistent with a priori predictions, girls scored higher on all big-five factors. Then, we adapted the 13-model taxonomy to test measurement invariance over time (two years starting in the final year of high school), showing support for the maturity principle (a decrease in Neuroticism, increases in Agreeableness, Openness and Conscientiousness). Based on ESEM methodology, we addressed substantively important questions with broad applicability to personality research that could not be appropriately addressed with either traditional EFA or CFA approaches.},
year = {2010},
date-added = {2010-07-29 12:10:58 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 12:13:07 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Marsh-2010-_A%20New%20Look%20at%20the%20Bi.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p13782},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Curi:2010p13688,
author = {Mariana C{\'u}ri and Julio M Singer and Dalton F Andrade},
journal = {Stat Methods Med Res},
title = {A model for psychiatric questionnaires with embarrassing items},
abstract = {We propose an item response theory model to analyse psychiatric questionnaires that contain embarrassing items. We use Bayesian methods to estimate its parameters and consider a simulation study to evaluate the performance of the proposed estimators. The results are illustrated with the analysis of data collected to evaluate teenager depression, highlighting the gender difference in the probabilities of 'crying crisis', a trait known to embarrass some male populations.},
affiliation = {ICMC, Universidade de S{\~a}o Paulo, S{\~a}o Carlos, SP, Brazil.},
pages = {},
year = {2010},
month = {Jun},
language = {ENG},
date-added = {2010-07-11 09:04:08 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-07-11 09:04:14 +0200},
doi = {10.1177/0962280210369424},
pii = {0962280210369424},
pmid = {20525735},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/C%C3%BAri-2010-Stat%20Methods%20Med%20Res_A%20model%20for%20psychiat.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p13688},
rating = {3}
}

@article{Iaci:2010p7018,
author = {R Iaci and T N Sriram and X Yin},
journal = {Biometrics},
title = {Multivariate Association and Dimension Reduction: A Generalization of Canonical Correlation Analysis},
abstract = {In this article, we propose a new generalized index to recover relationships between two sets of random vectors by finding the vector projections that minimize an L2 distance between each projected vector and an unknown function of the other. The unknown functions are estimated using the Nadaraya--Watson smoother. Extensions to multiple sets and groups of multiple sets are also discussed, and a bootstrap procedure is developed to detect the number of significant relationships. All the proposed methods are assessed through extensive simulations and real data analyses. In particular, for environmental data from Los Angeles County, we apply our multiple-set methodology to study relationships between mortality, weather, and pollutants vectors. Here, we detect existence of both linear and nonlinear relationships between the dimension-reduced vectors, which are then used to build nonlinear time-series regression models for the dimension-reduced mortality vector. These findings also illustrate potential use of our method in many other applications. A comprehensive assessment of our methodologies along with their theoretical properties are given in a Web Appendix.},
year = {2010},
date-added = {2010-03-06 19:56:07 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-03-06 19:56:50 +0100},
doi = {10.1111/j.1541-0420.2010.01396.x},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Iaci-2010-Biometrics_Multivariate%20Associa.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p7018},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Eggen:2004ab,
author = {Theo J H M Eggen and Angela J Verschoor},
title = {Optimal Testing With Easy or Difficult Items in Computerized Adaptive Testing},
abstract = {Computerized adaptive tests (CATs) are individualized tests which, from a measurement point of view, are optimal for each individual, possibly under some practical conditions. In the present study it is shown that maximum information item selection in CATs using an item bank which is calibrated with the one- or the two-parameter logistic model, results in each individual answering about 50% of the items correctly. Two item selection procedures giving easier (or more difficult) tests for students are presented and evaluated. Item selection on probability points of items yields good results only with the 1pl model and not with the 2pl model. An alternative selection procedure, based on maximum information at a shifted ability level, gives satisfactory results with both models.},
year = {2004},
month = {Apr},
date-added = {2010-01-03 19:39:03 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-03 19:39:03 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Eggen-2004-_Optimal%20Testing%20With.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1218},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Peterson:2006p13379,
author = {Jordan B Peterson and Patricia Conrod and Jasmin Vassileva and Christina Gianoulakis and Robert O Pihl},
journal = {J Psychiatry Neurosci},
title = {Differential effects of naltrexone on cardiac, subjective and behavioural reactions to acute ethanol intoxication},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Alcohol may have psychomotor stimulant properties during the rising limb of the blood alcohol curve at commonly self-administered doses. Increased heart rate (HR) immediately after alcohol consumption may serve as an indicator or marker of such properties, which appear to be potentially opiate-mediated and dopamine-dependent. Naltrexone, an opiate antagonist, has been used successfully in the treatment of alcoholism and may produce its therapeutic effects through its effects on alcohol metabolism or by blocking alcohol's rewarding effects. We hypothesized that, if naltrexone blocks the psychomotor stimulant properties of ethanol, then it would decrease or eliminate the HR increase associated with acute alcohol intoxication and that this would be independent of any effect on alcohol metabolism. METHODS: Twenty male subjects were administered placebo and alcohol (1.0 mL 95% USP ethanol/kg body weight) in a laboratory setting on one day and naltrexone (50 mg) and alcohol on another (counterbalanced). We assessed all subjects for a change in HR and for a subjective and behavioural response from 35 to 170 minutes after drug or alcohol administration. RESULTS: The placebo and alcohol mix produced a significant mean HR increase from baseline (F(1,95) = 46.01, p < 0.0001, Cohen's d = 0.62), while naltrexone and alcohol did not (nonsignificant). The significant effects of naltrexone on blood alcohol level did not account for the effect of naltrexone on alcohol-induced HR change but did account for alterations in subjective and behavioural response to alcohol. CONCLUSIONS: Naltrexone appears to substantially reduce the HR increase that is characteristic of alcohol intoxication. This finding appears to lend moderate support to the notions that, first, naltrexone has differential effects on alcohol reactions and, second, that it specifically blocks the acute psychomotor stimulant properties of alcohol.},
affiliation = {Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.},
number = {6},
pages = {386--93},
volume = {31},
year = {2006},
month = {Nov},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Alcoholic Intoxication, Behavior, Adult, Double-Blind Method, Heart, Naltrexone, Humans, Postural Balance, Male, Heart Rate, Narcotic Antagonists},
date-added = {2010-07-01 19:15:13 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-07-01 19:15:13 +0200},
pmid = {17136216},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Peterson-2006-J%20Psychiatry%20Neurosci_Differential%20effects.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p13379},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Sullivan:2008p3961,
author = {Patrick F Sullivan and Po-Hsiu Kuo and B Todd Webb and Michael C Neale and Jen Vittum and Helena Furberg and Dermot Walsh and Diana G Patterson and Brien Riley and Carol A Prescott and Kenneth S Kendler},
journal = {Drug Alcohol Depend},
title = {Genomewide linkage survey of nicotine dependence phenotypes},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: A comprehensive understanding of the etiology and neurobiology of nicotine dependence is not available. We sought to identify genomic regions that might contain etiologically-relevant loci using genomewide univariate and bivariate linkage analyses. METHODS: We conducted secondary data analyses of 626 all possible sibling pairs ascertained in Ireland and Northern Ireland on the basis of alcohol dependence. A set of 1020 short tandem repeat genetic markers were genotyped in all subjects. The phenotypes analyzed were the Fagerstr{\"o}m Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND), a history of nicotine dependence, the number of symptoms of alcohol dependence (AlcSx), and a history of alcohol dependence. Genomewide linkage analyses were conducted with non-parametric and variance components methods. FINDINGS: For the bivariate variance component analysis of the continuous FTND and AlcSx scores, multipoint LOD scores were >4 in two genomic regions--an 11cM region on chr7 (D7S2252-D7S691, empirical p=0.0006) and an 8cM region on chr18 flanking D18S63 (empirical p=0.0007). These findings did not exceed a conservative estimate of study-wide significance. The remaining sets of findings had considerably smaller or less consistent peak signals. Notably, strong linkage signal at D4S1611 for AlcSx from a prior report (PMID 16534506) was not found when jointly analyzed with FTND. INTERPRETATION: Replication is required. However, chromosomes 7 and 18 may contain genetic loci relevant to the etiology of nicotine-related phenotypes.},
affiliation = {Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7264, USA. pfsulliv@med.unc.edu},
number = {3},
pages = {210--6},
volume = {93},
year = {2008},
month = {Mar},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Male, Humans, Lod Score, Phenotype, Northern Ireland, Tobacco Use Disorder, Female, Middle Aged, Data Collection, Chromosomes: Human: Pair 18, Alcoholism, Adult, Linkage (Genetics), Tandem Repeat Sequences, Aged, Linkage Disequilibrium, Ireland, Chromosomes: Human: Pair 7},
date-added = {2010-01-17 16:54:04 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-17 16:54:04 +0100},
doi = {10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2007.09.015},
pii = {S0376-8716(07)00374-2},
pmid = {18023296},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Sullivan-2008-Drug%20Alcohol%20Depend_Genomewide%20linkage%20s.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p3961},
rating = {0}
}

@article{AntiretroviralTherapyCohortCollaboration:2009p1361,
author = {Antiretroviral Therapy Cohort Collaboration},
journal = {Int J Epidemiol},
title = {Mortality of HIV-infected patients starting potent antiretroviral therapy: comparison with the general population in nine industrialized countries},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Mortality in HIV-infected patients has declined substantially with combination antiretroviral therapy (ART), but it is unclear whether it has reached that of the general population. We compared mortality in patients starting ART in nine countries of Europe and North America with the corresponding general population, taking into account their response to ART. METHODS: Eligible patients were enrolled in prospective cohort studies participating in the ART Cohort Collaboration. We calculated the ratio of observed to expected deaths from all causes [standardized mortality ratio (SMR)], measuring time from 6 months after starting ART, according to risk group, clinical stage at the start of ART and CD4 cell count and viral load at 6 months. Expected numbers of deaths were obtained from age-, sex- and country-specific mortality rates. RESULTS: Among 29 935 eligible patients, 1134 deaths were recorded in 131 510 person-years of follow-up. The median age was 37 years, 8162 (27%) patients were females, 4400 (15%) were injecting drug users (IDUs) and 6738 (23%) had AIDS when starting ART. At 6 months, 23 539 patients (79%) had viral load measurements <or=500 copies/ml. The lowest SMR, 1.05 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.82-1.35] was found for men who have sex with men (MSM) who started ART free of AIDS, reached a CD4 cell count of >or=350 cells/microL and suppressed viral replication to <or=500 copies/ml by the sixth month. In contrast, the SMR was 73.7 (95% CI 46.4-116.9) in IDUs who failed to suppress viral replication and had CD4 cell counts <50 cells/microL at 6 months. The percentage of patients with SMRs <2 was 46% for MSM, 42% for heterosexually infected patients and 0% for patients with a history of injection drug use. Corresponding percentages for SMRs >10 were 4, 14 and 47%. CONCLUSIONS: In industrialized countries, the mortality experience of HIV-infected patients who start ART and survive the first 6 months continues to be higher than in the general population, but for many patients excess mortality is moderate and comparable with patients having other chronic conditions. Much of the excess mortality might be prevented by earlier diagnosis of HIV followed by timely initiation of ART.},
number = {6},
pages = {1624--33},
volume = {38},
year = {2009},
month = {Dec},
language = {eng},
date-added = {2010-01-07 11:56:23 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-07 11:56:23 +0100},
doi = {10.1093/ije/dyp306},
pii = {dyp306},
pmid = {19820106},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Antiretroviral%20Therapy%20Cohort%20Collaboration-2009-Int%20J%20Epidemiol_Mortality%20of%20HIV-inf.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1361},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Riethmuller:2009p5144,
author = {Annaleise M Riethmuller and Rachel Jones and Anthony D Okely},
journal = {Pediatrics},
title = {Efficacy of interventions to improve motor development in young children: a systematic review},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to systematically review evidence from controlled trials on the efficacy of motor development interventions in young children. METHODS: A literature search of interventions was conducted of 14 electronic databases. Three reviewers independently evaluated studies to determine whether they met the inclusion criteria. Studies were compared on 5 components: design, methodologic quality, intervention components, efficacy, and alignment with the Consolidated Standard of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) and Transparent Reporting of Evaluation with Nonrandomized Designs (TREND) statements. RESULTS: Seventeen studies met the inclusion criteria. More than half (65%) were controlled trials and delivered at child care settings or schools (65%). Three studies had high methodologic quality. Studies were approximately 12 weeks in duration and delivered by teachers, researchers, and students. Parents were involved in only 3 studies. Nearly 60% of the studies reported statistically significant improvements at follow-up. Three studies aligned with the CONSORT and TREND statements. CONCLUSIONS: This review highlights the limited quantity and quality of interventions to improve motor development in young children. The following recommendations are made: (1) both teachers and researchers should be involved in the implementation of an intervention; (2) parental involvement is critical to ensuring transfer of knowledge from the intervention setting to the home environment; and (3) interventions should be methodologically sound and follow guidelines detailed in the CONSORT or TREND statement.},
affiliation = {Child Obesity Research Centre, Faculty of Education, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia.},
number = {4},
pages = {e782--92},
volume = {124},
year = {2009},
month = {Oct},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Male, Task Performance and Analysis, Female, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Developmental Disabilities, Humans, Intervention Studies, Program Evaluation, Child Development, New South Wales, Motor Skills, Quality of Life, Child: Preschool, Treatment Outcome, Severity of Illness Index, Psychomotor Disorders, Risk Assessment, Infant, Early Intervention (Education)},
date-added = {2010-02-05 20:19:43 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-02-05 20:19:44 +0100},
doi = {10.1542/peds.2009-0333},
pii = {peds.2009-0333},
pmid = {19736263},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p5144},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Weisscher:2009p7471,
author = {Nadine Weisscher and Cees A Glas and Marinus Vermeulen and Rob J de Haan},
journal = {Journal of Clinical Epidemiology},
title = {The use of an item response theory-based disability item bank across diseases: accounting for differential item functioning},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: There is not a single universally accepted activity of daily living (ADL) instrument available to compare disability assessments across different patient groups. We developed a generic item bank of ADL items using item response theory, the Academic Medical Center Linear Disability Scale (ALDS). When comparing outcomes of the ALDS between patients groups, item characteristics of the ALDS should be comparable across groups. The aim of the study was to assess the differential item functioning (DIF) in a group of patients with various disorders to investigate the comparability across these groups. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional, multicenter study including 1,283 in- and outpatients with a variety of disorders and disability levels. The sample was divided in two groups: (1) mainly neurological patients (n=497; vascular medicine, Parkinson's disease and neuromuscular disorders) and (2) patients from internal medicine (n=786; pulmonary diseases, chronic pain, rheumatoid arthritis, and geriatric patients). RESULTS: Eighteen of 72 ALDS items showed statistically significant DIF (P<0.01). However, the DIF could effectively be modeled by the introduction of disease-specific parameters. CONCLUSION: In the subgroups studied, DIF could be modeled in such a way that the ensemble of the items comprised a scale applicable in both groups.},
affiliation = {Department of Neurology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.},
pages = {},
year = {2009},
month = {Oct},
language = {ENG},
date-added = {2010-03-10 20:43:48 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-03-10 20:43:48 +0100},
doi = {10.1016/j.jclinepi.2009.07.016},
pii = {S0895-4356(09)00228-5},
pmid = {19880281},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Weisscher-2009-Journal%20of%20Clinical%20Epidemiology_The%20use%20of%20an%20item%20r.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p7471},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Charles:2009p6405,
author = {Pierre Charles and Bruno Giraudeau and Agnes Dechartres and Gabriel Baron and Philippe Ravaud},
journal = {BMJ},
title = {Reporting of sample size calculation in randomised controlled trials: review},
abstract = {OBJECTIVES: To assess quality of reporting of sample size calculation, ascertain accuracy of calculations, and determine the relevance of assumptions made when calculating sample size in randomised controlled trials. DESIGN: Review. DATA SOURCES: We searched MEDLINE for all primary reports of two arm parallel group randomised controlled trials of superiority with a single primary outcome published in six high impact factor general medical journals between 1 January 2005 and 31 December 2006. All extra material related to design of trials (other articles, online material, online trial registration) was systematically assessed. Data extracted by use of a standardised form included parameters required for sample size calculation and corresponding data reported in results sections of articles. We checked completeness of reporting of the sample size calculation, systematically replicated the sample size calculation to assess its accuracy, then quantified discrepancies between a priori hypothesised parameters necessary for calculation and a posteriori estimates. RESULTS: Of the 215 selected articles, 10 (5%) did not report any sample size calculation and 92 (43%) did not report all the required parameters. The difference between the sample size reported in the article and the replicated sample size calculation was greater than 10% in 47 (30%) of the 157 reports that gave enough data to recalculate the sample size. The difference between the assumptions for the control group and the observed data was greater than 30% in 31% (n=45) of articles and greater than 50% in 17% (n=24). Only 73 trials (34%) reported all data required to calculate the sample size, had an accurate calculation, and used accurate assumptions for the control group. CONCLUSIONS: Sample size calculation is still inadequately reported, often erroneous, and based on assumptions that are frequently inaccurate. Such a situation raises questions about how sample size is calculated in randomised controlled trials.},
affiliation = {INSERM, U738, Paris, France.},
pages = {b1732},
volume = {338},
year = {2009},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Sensitivity and Specificity, Sample Size, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Data Collection},
date-added = {2010-02-23 08:26:19 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-02-23 08:26:19 +0100},
pmid = {19435763},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p6405},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Ihaka:2008p2386,
author = {R Ihaka and D T Lang},
journal = {COMPSTAT'08},
title = {Back to the Future: Lisp as a Base for a Statistical Computing System},
abstract = {The application of cutting-edge statistical methodology is limited by the capabilities of the systems in which it is implemented. In particular, the lim- itations of R mean that applications developed there do not scale to the larger problems of interest in practice. We identify some of the limitations of the com- putational model of the R language that reduces its effectiveness for dealing with large data efficiently in the modern era.
We propose developing an R-like language on top of a Lisp-based engine for statistical computing that provides a paradigm for modern challenges and which leverages the work of a wider community. At its simplest, this provides a convenient, high-level language with support for compiling code to machine instructions for very significant improvements in computational performance. But we also propose to provide a framework which supports more computationally intensive approaches for dealing with large datasets and position ourselves for dealing with future directions in high-performance computing.
We discuss some of the trade-offs and describe our efforts to realizing this ap- proach. More abstractly, we feel that it is important that our community explore more ambitious, experimental and risky research to explore computational innova- tion for modern data analyses.},
year = {2008},
date-added = {2010-01-10 19:35:06 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-10 19:35:45 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Ihaka-2008-COMPSTAT'08_Back%20to%20the%20Future.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p2386},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Borsboom:2009p5480,
author = {D Borsboom and R A Kievit and D Cervone and S B Hood},
title = {The Two Disciplines of Scientific Psychology, or: The Disunity of Psychology as a Working Hypothesis},
year = {2009},
date-added = {2010-02-12 14:41:41 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-02-12 14:42:47 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Borsboom-2009-_The%20Two%20Disciplines.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p5480},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Veer2002,
author = {L J van't Veer and H Dai and M J van de Vijver and Y D He and A A M Hart and M Mao and H L Peterse and K van der Kooy and M J Marton and A T Witteveen and G J Schreiber and R M Kerkhoven and C Roberts and P S Linsley and R Bernards and S H Friend},
journal = {Nature},
title = {Gene expression profiling predicts clinical outcome of breast cancer},
pages = {530--536},
volume = {415},
year = {2002},
date-added = {2010-01-12 14:26:51 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:40:35 +0200},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p2517},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Roelofs:2001aa,
author = {E C Roelofs and J J C M Visser},
title = {Preferences for various learning environments: Teachers' and parents' perceptions},
abstract = {In the last ten years, a number of innovations, mainly inspired by constructivist notions of learning, have been introduced in various levels of the Dutch educational system. However, constructivist learning environments are rarely implemented. Teachers tend to stick to expository and structured learning environments. This consistent finding requires research in order to gain insight into teachers{\'\i} preferences for learning environments and to determine the factors that support and impede the realization of these learning environments. Regarding the influence of social backgrounds on student learning, is it also important to take stock of parental views on learning environments. This study is focused on teachers' preferences for learning environments, their reported teaching behavior, and how these match with parents' preferences. Three parallel questionnaires were developed for teachers (n=281), students (n=952), and parents (n=717), measuring preferences and behavior in different levels of education, for three types of learning environments: direct instruction, discovery learning, and authentic pedagogy. The results show that teachers often prefer direct instruction, and seldom promote discovery learning. While teachers sometimes realize authentic pedagogy, constructive learning tasks are seldom used. Teachers' reported practice and parents' preferences for their children appear to correspond reasonably. Results of multiple regression analyses show that the use of the three types of learning environments yield different predictors. For the use of discovery learning and authentic pedagogy, confidence in students' regulative skills is an important predictor. In predicting the use of direct instruction, the teacher's own conception of learning turns out to be an important predictor.},
year = {2001},
month = {Sep},
date-added = {2010-01-03 19:39:03 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-03 19:39:03 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Roelofs-2001-_Preferences%20for%20vari.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1200},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Fabris:2006p4521,
author = {P Fabris and G Tositti and M T Giordani and V Baldo and A Grasso and E Pignattari and S Canton and S Rossato and A Floreani},
journal = {Aliment Pharmacol Ther},
title = {Assessing patients' understanding of hepatitis C virus infection and its impact on their lifestyle},
abstract = {AIMS: To assess how much patients with hepatitis C virus infection know about their condition and what impact it has on their lifestyle. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A multiple-choice questionnaire was administered anonymously to 364 hepatitis C virus-infected subjects just before their first specialist visit. RESULTS: Even before hepatitis C virus infection was diagnosed, 257 subjects (70.6%) already knew something about this infection. Overall, 36% of patients had changed the way they behaved within the family, 25.5% had changed their sexual habits, 46.9% had changed their diet, and 69% reported having stopped or limited their alcohol intake after being told they were hepatitis C virus positive. Hepatitis C virus infection had a negative impact on the psychological status in 44.2% of patients. This effect was significantly greater among women and was independent of either the duration of their infection or any counselling received from the general practitioner. The need for specific treatment was reported by 59.8%. A demand for more detailed information about hepatitis C virus was expressed by 89.9% of patients. CONCLUSIONS: Hepatitis C virus changes all aspects of lifestyle and psychological status. The patients' strong demand for more information suggests that counselling and educational programmes must be an integral part of the activities of both the general practitioner and the specialist.},
affiliation = {Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, S. Bortolo Hospital, Vicenza, Italy. pfabris@yahoo.com},
number = {8},
pages = {1161--70},
volume = {23},
year = {2006},
month = {Apr},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Health Knowledge: Attitudes: Practice, Adolescent, Hepatitis C, Comprehension, Middle Aged, Questionnaires, Adult, Cohort Studies, Diet, Aged: 80 and over, Aged, Risk-Taking, Male, Humans, Patient Education as Topic, Alcohol Drinking, Life Style, Chi-Square Distribution, Sexual Behavior, Female},
date-added = {2010-01-29 22:13:42 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-29 22:13:42 +0100},
doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2036.2006.02882.x},
pii = {APT2882},
pmid = {16611277},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p4521},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Andersen:2007p13232,
author = {H Andersen},
title = {History and Philosophy of Modern Epidemiology},
abstract = {Epidemiological studies of chronic diseases began around the mid‐20th century. Contrary to the infectious disease epidemiology which had prevailed at the beginning of the 20th century and which had focused on single agents causing individual diseases, the chronic disease epidemiology which emerged at the end of Word War II was a much more complex enterprise that investigated a multiplicity of risk factors for each disease. Involved in the development of chronic disease epidemi‐ ology were therefore fundamental discussions on the notion of causality, especially the question when causal inferences could be justified. In this paper, I shall analyze the implicit normativity of these de‐ bates.
First, I shall give a brief overview of the historical background on which chronic disease epi‐ demiology emerged and describe how the pioneer studies on smoking and lung cancer became icon of the major challenge that the emerging chronic disease epidemiology was facing: the impossibility of proving that statistical associations reflected causal relations. Next, I shall describe how the develop‐ ment from the monocausal enterprise of infectious disease epidemiology to the multicausal enterprise of chronic disease epidemiology gave rise to intense discussions of the possible criteria by which to establish causal relationships between a given factor and a particular disease. I shall show how the necessary and sufficient conditions expressed in the so‐called Henle‐Koch criteria that had proved useful for the 19th century investigations of infectious diseases remained an ideal, although clearly an unobtainable one. Thus, I shall show how 20th century chronic disease epidemiologists on the one hand were searching for a new set of general principles which would provide a logical framework for their investigations, but on the other hand admitted that they would have to accept something more ʺpragmaticʺ. I shall analyze the various positions in this debate, arguing that the implacability of the debate was due to unrecognized normative issues. I shall argue that many insisted on a distinction between science and application that was untenable, but that due to this distinction the values in‐ volved in deciding whether or not to act on the basis of a hypothesis were rarely explicitly discussed and the decision therefore continued to appear as a matter of taste rather than the result of a cogent normative analysis.},
year = {2007},
date-added = {2010-07-01 17:28:08 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-07-01 17:28:46 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Andersen-2007-_History%20and%20Philosop.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p13232},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Bolfarine:2010p12794,
author = {H Bolfarine and J L Bazan},
title = {Bayesian estimation for Skewed Logistic IRT models},
abstract = {A Bayesian Inference approach using MCMC is developed for two skewed Logistic Item Response Theory (IRT) models, namely, the Logistic Positive Exponent (LPE) model proposed by SAMEJIMA (1997, 2000) and the one named Reflection LPE model. The methodology developed is Bayesian and makes use of Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) generation schemes for its implementation. It is illustrated using a data set corresponding to a Mathe- matical Test applied in Peruvian schools where comparisons with other para- metric IRT models are also conducted. The main conclusion is that the item response model implemented seems to provide the best fit.},
date-added = {2010-06-18 21:15:39 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-06-18 21:16:11 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Bolfarine--_Bayesian%20estimation.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p12794},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Greenhalgh:1998p7361,
author = {J Greenhalgh and A F Long and A J Brettle and M J Grant},
journal = {J Eval Clin Pract},
title = {Reviewing and selecting outcome measures for use in routine practice},
abstract = {For the successful achievement of evidence-based practice, clinicians, managers and purchasers need evidence on whether a particular intervention works and ways to judge the appropriateness of the outcome criteria and measures used. Guidance is needed on what outcome measure to use, especially within routine clinical care settings. Beginning with a reclarification of the difference between a health status and an outcome measure, the paper presents an evaluative checklist for use by clinical audit and research staff to review outcome measures for use in routine care settings. Central features include the user-centredness of the measure, its psychometric properties, feasibility of use and utility. The applicability of the checklist is illustrated for outcome measurement in diabetes and stroke care. A modified form of the checklist is proposed for use by the busy clinician as an aid to the critical review of research papers within the context of evidence-based practice and to aid health care practitioners' choice of which outcome measure(s) to use within routine clinical care.},
affiliation = {MRC Training Fellow in Health Services Research, Nuffield Institute for Health, University of Leeds, UK.},
number = {4},
pages = {339--50},
volume = {4},
year = {1998},
month = {Nov},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Psychometrics, Health Status Indicators, Outcome Assessment (Health Care), Questionnaires, Diabetes Mellitus, Quality of Life, Health Services Research, Evidence-Based Medicine, Research Design, Cerebrovascular Disorders, Humans},
date-added = {2010-03-10 20:29:38 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-03-10 20:29:38 +0100},
pmid = {9927249},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p7361},
rating = {0}
}

@misc{Guillemin:2001,
author = {F Guillemin},
journal = {Miscellaneous},
title = {Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of health measures},
year = {2001},
date-added = {2010-01-03 19:38:22 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:40:14 +0200},
URL = {http://ist.inserm.fr/basisateliers/atel127/guillemin.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1160},
read = {Yes},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Foucart:1996p1545,
author = {T Foucart},
journal = {Revue de Statistique Appliqu{\'e}e},
title = {Analyse de la collin{\'e}arit{\'e} classification de variables},
number = {4},
pages = {41--57},
volume = {44},
year = {1996},
date-added = {2010-01-07 16:29:59 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-07 16:31:02 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Foucart-1996-Revue%20de%20Statistique%20Appliqu%C3%A9e_Analyse%20de%20la%20collin.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1545},
rating = {0}
}

@article{RabeHesketh:2001p2370,
author = {S Rabe-Hesketh and S Yang and A Pickles},
journal = {Stat Methods Med Res},
title = {Multilevel models for censored and latent responses},
abstract = {Multilevel models were originally developed to allow linear regression or ANOVA models to be applied to observations that are not mutually independent. This lack of independence commonly arises due to clustering of the units of observations into 'higher level units' such as patients in hospitals. In linear mixed models, the within-cluster correlations are modelled by including random effects in a linear model. In this paper, we discuss generalizations of linear mixed models suitable for responses subject to systematic and random measurement error and interval censoring. The first example uses data from two cross-sectional surveys of schoolchildren to investigate risk factors for early first experimentation with cigarettes. Here the recalled times of the children's first cigarette are likely to be subject to both systematic and random measurement errors as well as being interval censored. We describe multilevel models for interval censored survival times as special cases of generalized linear mixed models and discuss methods of estimating systematic recall bias. The second example is a longitudinal study of mental health problems of patients nested in clinics. Here the outcome is measured by multiple questionnaires allowing the measurement errors to be modelled within a linear latent growth curve model. The resulting model is a multilevel structural equation model. We briefly discuss such models both as extensions of linear mixed models and as extensions of structural equation models. Several different model structures are examined. An important goal of the paper is to place a number of methods that readers may have considered as being distinct within a single overall modelling framework.},
affiliation = {Department of Biostatistics and Computing, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, UK. spaksrh@iop.kcl.ac.uk},
number = {6},
pages = {409--27},
volume = {10},
year = {2001},
month = {Dec},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Adolescent, Linear Models, Risk Factors, Smoking, Cross-Sectional Studies, Mental Disorders, Age of Onset, Child, Longitudinal Studies, Questionnaires, Humans},
date-added = {2010-01-10 13:49:51 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-10 13:49:51 +0100},
pmid = {11763550},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Rabe-Hesketh-2001-Stat%20Methods%20Med%20Res_Multilevel%20models%20fo.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p2370},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Williams:2010p9373,
author = {J Mark G Williams and Ian T Russell and Catherine Crane and Daphne Russell and Chris J Whitaker and Danielle S Duggan and Thorsten Barnhofer and Melanie Jv Fennell and Rebecca Crane and Sarah Silverton},
journal = {BMC Psychiatry},
title = {Staying well after depression: trial design and protocol},
abstract = {ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Depression is often a chronic relapsing condition, with relapse rates of 50-80% in those who have been depressed before. This is particularly problematic for those who become suicidal when depressed since habitual recurrence of suicidal thoughts increases likelihood of further acute suicidal episodes. Therefore the question how to prevent relapse is of particular urgency in this group. METHODS: This trial compares Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT), a novel form of treatment combining mindfulness meditation and cognitive therapy for depression, with both Cognitive Psycho-Education (CPE), an equally plausible cognitive treatment but without meditation, and treatment as usual (TAU). It will test whether MBCT reduces the risk of relapse in recurrently depressed patients and the incidence of suicidal symptoms in those with a history of suicidality who relapse. It recruits participants, screens them by telephone for main inclusion and exclusion criteria and, if they are eligible, invites them to a pre-treatment session to assess eligibility in more detail. It allocates eligible participants at random between MBCT and TAU, CPE and TAU, and TAU alone in a ratio of 2:2:1, stratified by presence of suicidal ideation or behaviour and current anti-depressant use. We aim to recruit sufficient participants to allow for retention of 300 following attrition. We deliver both active treatments in groups meeting for two hours every week for eight weeks. We shall estimate effects on rates of relapse and suicidal symptoms over 12 months following treatment and assess clinical status immediately after treatment, and three, six, nine and twelve months thereafter. DISCUSSION: This will be the first trial of MBCT to investigate whether MCBT is effective in preventing relapse to depression when compared with a control psychological treatment of equal plausibility; and to explore the use of MBCT for the most severe recurrent depression - that in people who become suicidal when depressed. Trial Registration: Current Controlled Trials: ISRCTN97185214.},
number = {1},
pages = {23},
volume = {10},
year = {2010},
month = {Mar},
language = {ENG},
date-added = {2010-03-23 18:43:41 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-03-23 18:43:41 +0100},
doi = {10.1186/1471-244X-10-23},
pii = {1471-244X-10-23},
pmid = {20302615},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Williams-2010-BMC%20Psychiatry_Staying%20well%20after%20d-1.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p9373},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Verhelst:2001p2707,
author = {N Verhelst},
journal = {Methods of Psychological Research Online},
title = {Testing the unidimensionality assumption of the Rasch model},
abstract = {Statistical tests especially designed to test the unidimensionality axiom of the Rasch model are scarce. For two of them, the Martin-L{\"o}f test (ML-test) and the splitter- item-technique, an extensive power analysis has been carried out, showing clearly the superiority of the ML-test. The disadvantage of the ML-test, however, is that its null distribution deviates strongly from the asymptotic chi-square distribution unless one has huge samples. A new test with one degree of freedom is proposed. Its power is superior to that of the ML-test, and its null distribution converges rapidly to the chi-square.},
number = {3},
pages = {231--271},
volume = {6},
year = {2001},
date-added = {2010-01-13 10:24:43 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:40:07 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Verhelst-2001-Methods%20of%20Psychological%20Research%20Online_Testing%20the%20unidimen.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p2707},
read = {Yes},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Stuss:2002p6302,
author = {Donald T Stuss and Brian Levine},
journal = {Annual Review of Psychology},
title = {Adult clinical neuropsychology: lessons from studies of the frontal lobes},
abstract = {Clinical neuropsychologists have adopted numerous (and sometimes conflicting) approaches to the assessment of brain-behavior relationships. We review the historical development of these approaches and we advocate an approach to clinical neuropsychology that is informed by recent findings from cognitive neuroscience. Clinical assessment of executive and emotional processes associated with the frontal lobes of the human brain has yet to incorporate the numerous experimental neuroscience findings on this topic. We review both standard and newer techniques for assessment of frontal lobe functions, including control operations involved in language, memory, attention, emotions, self-regulation, and social functioning. Clinical and experimental research has converged to indicate the fractionation of frontal subprocesses and the initial mapping of these subprocesses to discrete frontal regions. One anatomical distinction consistent in the literature is that between dorsal and ventral functions, which can be considered cognitive and affective, respectively. The frontal lobes, in particular the frontal poles, are involved in uniquely human capacities, including self-awareness and mental time travel.},
affiliation = {The Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Centre for Geriatric Care, Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. dstuss@rotman-baycrest.on.ca},
pages = {401--33},
volume = {53},
year = {2002},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Wit and Humor as Topic, Memory Disorders, Empathy, Adult, Neuropsychological Tests, Attention, Cognition Disorders, Frontal Lobe, Self Concept, Humans, Decision Making, Affect, Language Disorders},
date-added = {2010-02-20 20:16:04 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:15:19 +0200},
doi = {10.1146/annurev.psych.53.100901.135220},
pii = {53/1/401},
pmid = {11752491},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Stuss-2002-Annual%20Review%20of%20Psychology_Adult%20clinical%20neuro.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p6302},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Lunetta:2004p4362,
author = {Kathryn L Lunetta and L Brooke Hayward and Jonathan Segal and Paul Van Eerdewegh},
journal = {BMC Genet},
title = {Screening large-scale association study data: exploiting interactions using random forests},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Genome-wide association studies for complex diseases will produce genotypes on hundreds of thousands of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). A logical first approach to dealing with massive numbers of SNPs is to use some test to screen the SNPs, retaining only those that meet some criterion for further study. For example, SNPs can be ranked by p-value, and those with the lowest p-values retained. When SNPs have large interaction effects but small marginal effects in a population, they are unlikely to be retained when univariate tests are used for screening. However, model-based screens that pre-specify interactions are impractical for data sets with thousands of SNPs. Random forest analysis is an alternative method that produces a single measure of importance for each predictor variable that takes into account interactions among variables without requiring model specification. Interactions increase the importance for the individual interacting variables, making them more likely to be given high importance relative to other variables. We test the performance of random forests as a screening procedure to identify small numbers of risk-associated SNPs from among large numbers of unassociated SNPs using complex disease models with up to 32 loci, incorporating both genetic heterogeneity and multi-locus interaction. RESULTS: Keeping other factors constant, if risk SNPs interact, the random forest importance measure significantly outperforms the Fisher Exact test as a screening tool. As the number of interacting SNPs increases, the improvement in performance of random forest analysis relative to Fisher Exact test for screening also increases. Random forests perform similarly to the univariate Fisher Exact test as a screening tool when SNPs in the analysis do not interact. CONCLUSIONS: In the context of large-scale genetic association studies where unknown interactions exist among true risk-associated SNPs or SNPs and environmental covariates, screening SNPs using random forest analyses can significantly reduce the number of SNPs that need to be retained for further study compared to standard univariate screening methods.},
affiliation = {Oscient Pharmaceuticals, Inc, (formerly Genome Therapeutics Corporation), Waltham, Massachusetts, USA. klunetta@bu.edu},
number = {1},
pages = {32},
volume = {5},
year = {2004},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Humans, Genomics, Siblings, Polymorphism: Single Nucleotide, Linkage Disequilibrium, Classification, Family Health, Case-Control Studies, Models: Genetic, Odds Ratio, Genetic Diseases: Inborn},
date-added = {2010-01-28 13:28:16 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-28 13:28:16 +0100},
doi = {10.1186/1471-2156-5-32},
pii = {1471-2156-5-32},
pmid = {15588316},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Lunetta-2004-BMC%20Genet_Screening%20large-scal.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p4362},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Vandeleur:2008p9161,
author = {C L Vandeleur and S Rothen and N Jeanpr{\^e}tre and Y Lustenberger and F Gamma and E Ayer and F Ferrero and A Fleischmann and J Besson and F Sisbane and M Preisig},
journal = {Drug Alcohol Depend},
title = {Inter-informant agreement and prevalence estimates for substance use disorders: direct interview versus family history method},
abstract = {OBJECTIVES: Family studies typically use multiple sources of information on each individual including direct interviews and family history information. The aims of the present study were to: (1) assess agreement for diagnoses of specific substance use disorders between direct interviews and the family history method; (2) compare prevalence estimates according to the two methods; (3) test strategies to approximate prevalence estimates according to family history reports to those based on direct interviews; (4) determine covariates of inter-informant agreement; and (5) identify covariates that affect the likelihood of reporting disorders by informants. METHODS: Analyses were based on family study data which included 1621 distinct informant (first-degree relatives and spouses) - index subject pairs. RESULTS: Our main findings were: (1) inter-informant agreement was fair to good for all substance disorders, except for alcohol abuse; (2) the family history method underestimated the prevalence of drug but not alcohol use disorders; (3) lowering diagnostic thresholds for drug disorders and combining multiple family histories increased the accuracy of prevalence estimates for these disorders according to the family history method; (4) female sex of index subjects was associated with higher agreement for nearly all disorders; and (5) informants who themselves had a history of the same substance use disorder were more likely to report this disorder in their relatives, which entails the risk of overestimation of the size of familial aggregation. CONCLUSION: Our findings have important implications for the best-estimate procedure applied in family studies.},
affiliation = {Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Geneva, Chemin du Petit Bel-Air 2, 1225 Ch{\^e}ne-Bourg, Switzerland. Vandeleur@hcuge.ch},
number = {1-3},
pages = {9--19},
volume = {92},
year = {2008},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Female, Family, Heroin Dependence, Marijuana Abuse, Interview: Psychological, Adult, Odds Ratio, Substance-Related Disorders, Data Interpretation: Statistical, Male, Epidemiologic Methods, Algorithms, Middle Aged, Medical History Taking, Data Collection, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Alcoholism, Humans},
date-added = {2010-03-22 13:36:19 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-03-22 13:36:19 +0100},
doi = {10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2007.05.023},
pii = {S0376-8716(07)00234-7},
pmid = {17643870},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Vandeleur-2008-Drug%20Alcohol%20Depend_Inter-informant%20agre.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p9161},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Handl:2005p12247,
author = {Julia Handl and Joshua Knowles and Douglas B Kell},
journal = {Bioinformatics},
title = {Computational cluster validation in post-genomic data analysis},
abstract = {MOTIVATION: The discovery of novel biological knowledge from the ab initio analysis of post-genomic data relies upon the use of unsupervised processing methods, in particular clustering techniques. Much recent research in bioinformatics has therefore been focused on the transfer of clustering methods introduced in other scientific fields and on the development of novel algorithms specifically designed to tackle the challenges posed by post-genomic data. The partitions returned by a clustering algorithm are commonly validated using visual inspection and concordance with prior biological knowledge--whether the clusters actually correspond to the real structure in the data is somewhat less frequently considered. Suitable computational cluster validation techniques are available in the general data-mining literature, but have been given only a fraction of the same attention in bioinformatics. RESULTS: This review paper aims to familiarize the reader with the battery of techniques available for the validation of clustering results, with a particular focus on their application to post-genomic data analysis. Synthetic and real biological datasets are used to demonstrate the benefits, and also some of the perils, of analytical clustervalidation. AVAILABILITY: The software used in the experiments is available at http://dbkweb.ch.umist.ac.uk/handl/clustervalidation/. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Enlarged colour plots are provided in the Supplementary Material, which is available at http://dbkweb.ch.umist.ac.uk/handl/clustervalidation/.},
affiliation = {School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Faraday Building, Sackville Street, PO Box 88, Manchester M60 1QD, UK. J.Handl@postgrad.manchester.ac.uk},
number = {15},
pages = {3201--12},
volume = {21},
year = {2005},
month = {Aug},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Algorithms, Cluster Analysis, Chromosome Mapping, Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis, Software, Pattern Recognition: Automated, Computational Biology, Gene Expression Profiling, Data Interpretation: Statistical, Artificial Intelligence},
date-added = {2010-06-09 20:08:47 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-06-09 20:08:55 +0200},
doi = {10.1093/bioinformatics/bti517},
pii = {bti517},
pmid = {15914541},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Handl-2005-Bioinformatics_Computational%20cluste.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p12247},
rating = {4}
}

@article{Jones:2008p2350,
author = {W Paul Jones and Scott A Loe and S Kathleen Krach and Rhiannon Y Rager and Heather M Jones},
journal = {Clin Neuropsychol},
title = {Automated neuropsychological assessment metrics (ANAM) and Woodcock-Johnson III Tests of Cognitive Ability: a concurrent validity study},
abstract = {This study examines the relationship between a computerized neuropsychological assessment battery, the Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics (ANAM) and a widely used ability measure, Woodcock-Johnson III Tests of Cognitive Ability (WJ-III). Results indicated substantial relationship between the ANAM throughput (accuracy/response time) scores and the WJ-III Cognitive Efficiency cluster. An unexpectedly strong relationship was evident between accuracy scores on the ANAM Logical Reasoning scale and the WJ-III General Intellectual Ability score, purporting to measure the g factor. The findings support the viability of the ANAM as a time- and cost-effective tool for appraisal of cognitive function.},
affiliation = {Department of Educational Psychology, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154-3033, USA. jones@unlv.nevada.edu},
number = {2},
pages = {305--20},
volume = {22},
year = {2008},
month = {Mar},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Middle Aged, Male, Comprehension, Humans, Automatic Data Processing, Adult, Female, Cognition, Intelligence, Neuropsychological Tests, Logistic Models, Reaction Time, Cluster Analysis, Intelligence Tests},
date-added = {2010-01-10 13:34:05 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-10 13:34:05 +0100},
doi = {10.1080/13854040701281483},
pii = {778245836},
pmid = {17853133},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Jones-2008-Clin%20Neuropsychol_Automated%20neuropsych.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p2350},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Abdi:2010p11595,
author = {Herv{\'e} Abdi and L J Williams},
journal = {Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Computational Statistics},
title = {Principal Component Analysis},
abstract = {Principal component analysis (pca) is a multivariate technique that analyzes a data table in which observations are described by several inter-correlated quantitative dependent variables. Its goal is to extract the important information from the table, to represent it as a set of new orthogonal variables called principal components, and to display the pattern of similarity of the observations and of the variables as points in maps. The quality of the pca model can be evaluated using cross-validation techniques such as the bootstrap and the jackknife. Pca can be generalized as correspondence analysis (ca) in order to handle qualitative variables and as multiple factor analysis (mfa) in order to handle heterogenous sets of variables. Mathematically, pca depends upon the eigen-decomposition of positive semi-definite matrices and upon the singular value decomposition (svd) of rectangular matrices.},
volume = {2},
year = {2010},
date-added = {2010-05-09 21:18:21 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 20:14:08 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Abdi-2010-Wiley%20Interdisciplinary%20Reviews%20Computational%20Statistics_Principal%20Component.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p11595},
rating = {4}
}

@article{McCracken:2000p9673,
author = {J T McCracken and S L Smalley and J J McGough and L Crawford and M Del'Homme and R M Cantor and A Liu and S F Nelson},
journal = {Mol Psychiatry},
title = {Evidence for linkage of a tandem duplication polymorphism upstream of the dopamine D4 receptor gene (DRD4) with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)},
abstract = {Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common childhood-onset neurodevelopmental disorder. Evidence from twin, adoption, and family studies provide support for a genetic contribution to the etiology of ADHD. Several candidate gene studies have identified an association between a 7-repeat variant in exon 3 of the dopamine 4 receptor gene (DRD4) and ADHD. However, in spite of the positive reports finding association of the exon 3 VNTR with ADHD, several other polymorphisms within DRD4 have been identified that conceivably could contribute to risk for ADHD. Recently, another common polymorphism of the DRD4 gene has been described involving a 120-bp repeat element upstream of the 5' transcription initiation site. In this report, we describe results of analysis of the DRD4 120-bp repeat promoter polymorphism in a sample of 371 children with ADHD and their parents, using the transmission disequilibrium test (TDT). Results showed a significant preferential transmission of the 240-bp (long) allele with ADHD. Exploratory analyses of the Inattentive phenotypic subtype of ADHD strengthened the evidence for linkage. These data add further support for the role of DRD4 variants conferring increased risk for ADHD, and imply that additional studies of DRD4 and other related genes are needed.},
affiliation = {Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Scienes, UCLA Neuropsychiatric Institute, Mental Retardation Research Center, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90024-1759, USA. jmccracken@mednet.ucla.edu},
note = {genim},
number = {5},
pages = {531--6},
volume = {5},
year = {2000},
month = {Sep},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Child, Family Health, Haplotypes, Male, Linkage Disequilibrium, Adolescent, Polymorphism: Genetic, Female, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Receptors: Dopamine D4, Humans, Exons, Receptors: Dopamine D2, Tandem Repeat Sequences},
date-added = {2010-03-25 15:01:24 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-03-25 18:20:50 +0100},
pmid = {11032387},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/McCracken-2000-Mol%20Psychiatry_Evidence%20for%20linkage.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p9673},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Beyene:2009p458,
author = {Joseph Beyene and Eshetu G Atenafu and Jemila S Hamid and Teresa To and Lillian Sung},
journal = {BMC Med Res Methodol},
title = {Determining relative importance of variables in developing and validating predictive models},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Multiple regression models are used in a wide range of scientific disciplines and automated model selection procedures are frequently used to identify independent predictors. However, determination of relative importance of potential predictors and validating the fitted models for their stability, predictive accuracy and generalizability are often overlooked or not done thoroughly. METHODS: Using a case study aimed at predicting children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) who are at low risk of Tumor Lysis Syndrome (TLS), we propose and compare two strategies, bootstrapping and random split of data, for ordering potential predictors according to their relative importance with respect to model stability and generalizability. We also propose an approach based on relative increase in percentage of explained variation and area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve for developing models where variables from our ordered list enter the model according to their importance. An additional data set aimed at identifying predictors of prostate cancer penetration is also used for illustrative purposes. RESULTS: Age is chosen to be the most important predictor of TLS. It is selected 100% of the time using the bootstrapping approach. Using the random split method, it is selected 99% of the time in the training data and is significant (at 5% level) 98% of the time in the validation data set. This indicates that age is a stable predictor of TLS with good generalizability. The second most important variable is white blood cell count (WBC). Our methods also identified an important predictor of TLS that was otherwise omitted if relying on any of the automated model selection procedures alone. A group at low risk of TLS consists of children younger than 10 years of age, without T-cell immunophenotype, whose baseline WBC is < 20 x 10(9)/L and palpable spleen is < 2 cm. For the prostate cancer data set, the Gleason score and digital rectal exam are identified to be the most important indicators of whether tumor has penetrated the prostate capsule. CONCLUSION: Our model selection procedures based on bootstrap re-sampling and repeated random split techniques can be used to assess the strength of evidence that a variable is truly an independent and reproducible predictor. Our methods, therefore, can be used for developing stable and reproducible models with good performances. Moreover, our methods can serve as a good tool for validating a predictive model. Previous biological and clinical studies support the findings based on our selection and validation strategies. However, extensive simulations may be required to assess the performance of our methods under different scenarios as well as check their sensitivity to a random fluctuation in the data.},
affiliation = {Child Heath Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada. joseph@utstat.toronto.edu},
pages = {64},
volume = {9},
year = {2009},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
date-added = {2010-01-03 12:27:18 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-03 12:27:18 +0100},
doi = {10.1186/1471-2288-9-64},
pii = {1471-2288-9-64},
pmid = {19751506},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Beyene-2009-BMC%20Med%20Res%20Methodol_Determining%20relative.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p458},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Bock:1988,
author = {R D Bock},
journal = {Applied Psychological Measurement},
title = {Full-Information Item Factor Analysis},
abstract = {A method of item factor analysis based on Thur stone's multiple-factor model and implemented by marginal maximum likelihood estimation and the EM algorithm is described. Statistical significance of suc cessive factors added to the model is tested by the likelihood ratio criterion. Provisions for effects of guessing on multiple-choice items, and for omitted and not-reached items, are included. Bayes constraints on the factor loadings are found to be necessary to suppress Heywood cases. Numerous applications to simulated and real data are presented to substantiate the accuracy and practical utility of the method.},
number = {3},
pages = {261--280},
volume = {12},
year = {1988},
date-added = {2010-01-03 19:38:21 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:16:54 +0200},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1151},
read = {Yes},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Bogdan:2009p10333,
author = {R Bogdan and D A Pizzagalli},
journal = {Psychol Med},
title = {The heritability of hedonic capacity and perceived stress: a twin study evaluation of candidate depressive phenotypes},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Anhedonia and stress sensitivity have been identified as promising depressive phenotypes. Research suggests that stress-induced anhedonia is a possible mechanism underlying the association between stress and depression. The present proof-of-concept study assessed whether hedonic capacity and stress perception are heritable and whether their genetic and environmental contributions are shared. METHOD: Twenty monozygotic (MZ) and 15 dizygotic (DZ) twin pairs completed a probabilistic reward task that provides an objective behavioral measure of hedonic capacity (reward responsiveness) and completed several questionnaires including the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Bivariate Cholesky models were used to investigate whether covariation between (1) depressive symptoms and hedonic capacity, (2) depressive symptoms and perceived stress, and (3) perceived stress and hedonic capacity resulted from shared or residual genetic and environmental factors. RESULTS: Additive genetic (A) and individual-specific environment (E) factors contributed to 46% and 54% of the variance in hedonic capacity, respectively. For perceived stress, 44% and 56% of the variance was accounted for by A and E factors, respectively. The genetic correlation between depression and hedonic capacity was moderate (ra=0.29), whereas the correlation between depression and stress perception was large (ra=0.67). Genetic and environmental correlations between hedonic capacity and stress perception were large (ra=0.72 and re=-0.43). CONCLUSIONS: The present study provides initial feasibility for using a twin approach to investigate genetic contributions of a laboratory-based anhedonic phenotype. Although these preliminary findings indicate that hedonic capacity and perceived stress are heritable, with substantial shared additive genetic contributions, replications in larger samples will be needed.},
affiliation = {Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.},
number = {2},
pages = {211--8},
volume = {39},
year = {2009},
month = {Feb},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Questionnaires, Humans, Adult, Twins, Cognition, Male, Environment, Reaction Time, Female, Depression, Anxiety Disorders, Affect, Phenotype, Reward, Attitude, Stress: Psychological},
date-added = {2010-04-02 18:15:38 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-04-02 18:15:38 +0200},
doi = {10.1017/S0033291708003619},
pii = {S0033291708003619},
pmid = {18507876},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p10333},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Drago:2007p9733,
author = {Antonio Drago and Diana De Ronchi and Alessandro Serretti},
journal = {Curr Genomics},
title = {Incomplete coverage of candidate genes: a poorly considered bias},
abstract = {Current genetic investigations are performed both on the basis of a rational and biologically based choice of candidate genes and through genome wide scans. Nonetheless, lack of replication is a common problem in psychiatric genetics as well as in other genetic fields. There are a number of reasons for this inconsistency, among them a well known but poorly considered issue is gene coverage. The aim of the present paper is to focus on this well known and defectively deemed bias, especially when a candidate gene approach is chosen. The rational and the technical feasibility of this proposal are discussed as well as a survey of current investigations. The known consistent methodology to fix this bias is also discussed.},
affiliation = {Institute of Psychiatry, University of Bologna, Italy.},
number = {7},
pages = {476--83},
volume = {8},
year = {2007},
month = {Nov},
language = {eng},
date-added = {2010-03-25 15:15:49 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-03-25 15:15:50 +0100},
doi = {10.2174/138920207783591681},
pmid = {19412419},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Drago-2007-Curr%20Genomics_Incomplete%20coverage.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p9733},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Phillips:2002p4873,
author = {B M Phillips and J A Richey and C J Lonigan},
journal = {Annual Meeting of the Association for the Advancement of Behavior Therapy},
title = {THE FACTOR STRUCTURE OF THE PANAS IN CHILDREN, ADOLESCENTS, AND YOUNG ADULTS: COMPARISONS ACROSS AGE AND SEX},
year = {2002},
date-added = {2010-02-01 20:28:04 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-02-01 20:28:47 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Phillips-2002-Annual%20Meeting%20of%20the%20Association%20for%20the%20Advancement%20of%20Behavior%20Therapy_THE%20FACTOR%20STRUCTURE.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p4873},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Tsoumakas:2009p14041,
author = {G Tsoumakas and I Katakis and I Vlahavas},
title = {Mining Multi-label Data},
year = {2009},
date-added = {2010-08-10 12:37:22 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-08-10 12:38:07 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Tsoumakas-2009-_Mining%20Multi-label%20D.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p14041},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Chun:2008p1616,
author = {H Chun and S Keles},
title = {Expression quantitative trait loci mapping with multivariate sparse partial least squares regression},
abstract = {Expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) mapping concerns elucidating which transcripts or groups of transcript are associated with which markers or sets of markers. This problem poses significant challenges due to high dimensionality of both the gene expression and ge- nomic marker data. We propose a multivariate response regression approach with simultaneous variable selection and dimension reduction for the eQTL mapping problem. In our approach, transcripts with similar expression are clustered into groups, and their expression profiles are viewed as multivariate responses. Then, we employ our recently developed sparse partial least squares regression methodology to select markers associated with each cluster of genes. We demonstrate, with extensive simulations, when and why this multivariate response approach gains power. We illustrate that it compares competitively with other approaches for this prob- lem and has a number of significant advantages including the ability to handle highly correlated genotype data and computational efficiency. We provide an application of this methodology to a case study from obesity and diabetes research of mice. This framework bypasses the issue of multiple transcript- or marker-specific analyses, thereby avoids potential elevation of Type-I error. Additionally, joint analysis of multiple transcripts by the means of multivariate response regression leads to increase in power for detecting weak linkages.},
year = {2008},
date-added = {2010-01-07 17:16:46 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-07 17:17:17 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Chun-2008-_Expression%20quantitat.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1616},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Garland:1991p13746,
author = {R Garland},
journal = {Marketing Bulletin},
title = {The Mid-Point on a Rating Scale: Is it Desirable?},
abstract = {This study examined the effect on survey results of having no neutral or mid-point on a Likert scale. Participants in a face-to-face omnibus survey were shown either a five point (with mid-point) or four point (no mid-point) Likert scale of importance on a card and asked to state their opinion about the importance of product labelling (additives, ingredients etc.) on packaged foods. This research provides some evidence that social desirability bias, arising from respondents' desires to please the interviewer or appear helpful or not be seen to give what they perceive to be a socially unacceptable answer, can be minimised by eliminating the mid-point ('neither... nor', uncertain etc.) category from Likert scales. There is also some evidence that the presence or absence of a mid-point on an importance scale produces distortions in the results obtained.},
pages = {66--70},
volume = {2},
year = {1991},
date-added = {2010-07-24 12:32:57 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-07-24 12:33:33 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Garland-1991-Marketing%20Bulletin_The%20Mid-Point%20on%20a%20R.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p13746},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Scott:2009p7239,
author = {Neil W Scott and Peter M Fayers and Neil K Aaronson and Andrew Bottomley and Alexander de Graeff and Mogens Groenvold and Chad Gundy and Michael Koller and Morten A Petersen and Mirjam A G Sprangers and EORTC Quality of Life Group and Quality of Life Cross-Cultural Meta-Analysis Group},
journal = {Journal of Clinical Epidemiology},
title = {A simulation study provided sample size guidance for differential item functioning (DIF) studies using short scales},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Differential item functioning (DIF) analyses are increasingly used to evaluate health-related quality of life (HRQoL) instruments, which often include relatively short subscales. Computer simulations were used to explore how various factors including scale length affect analysis of DIF by ordinal logistic regression. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: Simulated data, representative of HRQoL scales with four-category items, were generated. The power and type I error rates of the DIF method were then investigated when, respectively, DIF was deliberately introduced and when no DIF was added. The sample size, scale length, floor effects (FEs) and significance level were varied. RESULTS: When there was no DIF, type I error rates were close to 5%. Detecting moderate uniform DIF in a two-item scale required a sample size of 300 per group for adequate (>80%) power. For longer scales, a sample size of 200 was adequate. Considerably larger sample sizes were required to detect nonuniform DIF, when there were extreme FEs or when a reduced type I error rate was required. CONCLUSION: The impact of the number of items in the scale was relatively small. Ordinal logistic regression successfully detects DIF for HRQoL instruments with short scales. Sample size guidelines are provided.},
affiliation = {Department of Public Health, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK.},
number = {3},
pages = {288--95},
volume = {62},
year = {2009},
month = {Mar},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Weights and Measures, Quality of Life, Humans, Computer Simulation, Models: Statistical, Female, Outcome Assessment (Health Care), Sample Size, Psychometrics, Logistic Models, Male},
date-added = {2010-03-10 20:06:07 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 20:13:56 +0200},
doi = {10.1016/j.jclinepi.2008.06.003},
pii = {S0895-4356(08)00158-3},
pmid = {18774693},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Scott-2009-Journal%20of%20Clinical%20Epidemiology_A%20simulation%20study%20p.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p7239},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Dolan:2004p11418,
author = {C V Dolan and W Roorda and J M Wicherts},
journal = {Intelligence},
title = {Two failures of Spearman's hypothesis: The GATB in Holland and the JAT in South Africa},
abstract = {Spearman's hypothesis states that the differences between Blacks and Whites in psychometric IQ are attributable to a fundamental difference in general intelligence ( g). To investigate this hypothesis, Jensen devised the method of correlated vectors. This method involves calculating the correlation between the factor loadings of the subtest and the observed differences in means. Although the hypothesis concerns U.S. populations, Jensen's test has also been used to investigate other groups. The aim of the present paper is to test Spearman's hypothesis in a published Dutch and a published South African data set. Both data sets were previously analyzed by Jensen's method, and the results were interpreted in support of Spearman's hypothesis. In this paper, we reanalyzed both data sets by Multigroup Confirmatory Factor Analysis (MGCFA). We find that the hypothesis of factorial invariance, which implies that the same construct is measured in the groups, must be rejected. This greatly complicates any comparison of the group with respect to the test scores and makes it impossible to determine the role, if any, of g in explaining the observed differences in psychometric IQ. This conclusion runs counter to the conclusion that Spearman's hypothesis is supported in these data sets.},
pages = {155--173},
volume = {32},
year = {2004},
date-added = {2010-05-01 16:42:38 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:29:16 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Dolan-2004-Intelligence_Two%20failures%20of%20Spea.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p11418},
rating = {0}
}

@article{GarciaFinana:2003p2571,
author = {Marta Garc{\'\i}a-Fi{\~n}ana and Luis M Cruz-Orive and Clare E Mackay and Bente Pakkenberg and Neil Roberts},
journal = {Neuroimage},
title = {Comparison of MR imaging against physical sectioning to estimate the volume of human cerebral compartments},
abstract = {The purpose of this study was to compare magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) against physical sectioning techniques to estimate the volume of human cerebral hemisphere compartments (cortex, subcortex, and their union, called "total"). The volume of these compartments was estimated postmortem for six human subjects from MRI virtual sections and from physical sections using the Cavalieri design with point counting. Cursory paired t tests revealed no significant differences between the two methods for any of the three compartments considered, although P = 0.06 for the subcortex. A sharper analysis incorporating recent error prediction formulae revealed a significant discrepancy between the two methods in the estimation of subcortex and total volume for three of the specimens. Yet, none of these analyses is adequate to detect possible biases. The incorporation of an explanatory variable, namely hemisphere weight, and the adoption of a specific gravity rho = 1.04 g/cm(3) for the material, enabled us to carry out an allometric analysis for the total compartment which revealed a significant bias of the MRI data. The new error prediction formulae are illustrated by way of example, and their accuracy is checked by a resampling experiment on a data set of 274 MRI sections.},
affiliation = {Magnetic Resonance and Image Analysis Research Centre (MARIARC), University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK. martaf@liverpool.ac.uk},
number = {2},
pages = {505--16},
volume = {18},
year = {2003},
month = {Feb},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Humans, Reference Values, Imaging: Three-Dimensional, Image Processing: Computer-Assisted, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Sensitivity and Specificity, Numerical Analysis: Computer-Assisted, Aged, Software, Cerebral Cortex, Male, Artifacts, Middle Aged, Female, Dominance: Cerebral},
date-added = {2010-01-12 22:23:19 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:41:23 +0200},
pii = {S1053811902000216},
pmid = {12595203},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p2571},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Cressie:2007p13436,
author = {N Cressie and C A Calder and J S Clark and J M Ver Hoef and C K Wikle},
title = {Accounting for Uncertainty in Ecological Analysis: The Strengths And Limitations of Hierarchical Statistical Modeling},
abstract = {Analyses of ecological data should account for the uncertainty in the process(es) that generated the data. However, accounting for these uncertainties is a difficult task, since ecology is known for its complexity. Measurement and/or process error are often the only sources of uncertainty confronted when addressing complex ecological problems, yet analyses need to account for uncertainty in sampling design, in model specification, in parameters governing the specified model, and in initial and boundary conditions. Only then can we be confident in the scientific inferences and forecasts made from an analysis. Probability and statistics provide a framework for accounting for multiple sources of uncertainty. Given the complexities of ecological studies, the hierarchical statistical model is an invaluable tool. This approach is not new in ecology, and there are many examples (both Bayesian and non-Bayesian) in the literature illustrating the benefits of this approach. In this article, we provide a baseline of notation and technology from which discussion on hierarchical statistical modeling in ecology can emanate. We have also planted some seeds for discussion and tried to show where the practical difficulties lie. Our thesis is that hierarchical statistical modeling is a powerful way of approaching ecological analysis in the presence of inevitable uncertainties, even if practicalities sometimes necessitate pragmatic compromises.},
year = {2007},
date-added = {2010-07-01 19:44:15 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-07-01 19:47:16 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Cressie-2007-_Accounting%20for%20Uncer.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p13436},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Ornetti:2009p2842,
author = {P Ornetti and S Parratte and L Gossec and C Tavernier and J-N Argenson and E M Roos and F Guillemin and J F Maillefert},
journal = {Osteoarthr Cartil},
title = {Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the French version of the Hip injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (HOOS) in hip osteoarthritis patients},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To translate and adapt the Hip disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (HOOS) into French and to evaluate the psychometric properties of this new version, by testing feasibility, internal consistency, construct validity, reliability and responsiveness, in patients with hip osteoarthritis (OA). METHODS: The French version of the HOOS was developed according to published international guidelines to ensure content validity. The new version was then evaluated in two symptomatic hip OA populations, one with no indication for joint replacement (medical group), and the other waiting for total hip replacement (THR) (surgery group). The psychometric properties assessed were feasibility: percentage of responses, floor and ceiling effects; internal consistency using Cronbach's alpha; construct validity by evaluating correlations with the Lequesne's index and the visual analogic scale (VAS) for pain (Pearson's correlation coefficient); reliability: intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC), Bland et Altman representation; responsiveness by comparing the results of before and 1 month after injection of hyaluronic acid (medical group) and by comparing the pre and 3 months post THR results (surgery group) by calculating standardized response mean (SRM) and effect size (ES). RESULTS: A total of 88 patients were recruited; 58 in the medicine group (mean age=61.8+/-9 years, range 42-81, 70% women) and 30 in the surgery group (mean age=67.5+/-9 years, range 50-81, 68% women). The percentage of item responses was excellent (99%). Neither a floor nor a ceiling effect was observed, except for a ceiling effect (17.8% of patients with worst possible score) observed prior to surgery in the sport and recreation subscale. The internal consistency was good for four of the five HOOS subscales. As expected, the strongest correlations were observed between all HOOS subscales and Lequesne's index or VAS pain, indicating good construct validity. The reliability was good, with an ICC>0.8 for all subscales. The responsiveness was good for all domains 1 month after hyaluronic acid injection (ES ranging from 0.73 to 1.86 and SRM from 0.51 to 1.04) and high for all domains 3 months after THR (ES ranging from 1.47 to 2.08 and SRM ranging from 1.97 to 3.24). CONCLUSION: The French version of HOOS demonstrated good psychometric properties and appears to be useful for the evaluation of patient-relevant outcome whatever the severity of hip OA. This study provides a basis for the use of this French version of the HOOS in future clinical trials.},
affiliation = {Dijon University Hospital, Department of Rheumatology, Dijon F-21078, France; Bourgogne-University, Faculty of Medicine, Dijon F-21079, France; INSERM U887, Dijon F-21079, France.},
pages = {},
year = {2009},
month = {Dec},
language = {ENG},
date-added = {2010-01-13 14:57:27 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-13 14:57:27 +0100},
doi = {10.1016/j.joca.2009.12.007},
pii = {S1063-4584(09)00329-X},
pmid = {20060086},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p2842},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Ariza:2010p11514,
author = {Maria Jose Ariza and Miguel Angel Sanchez-Chaparro and Francisco Javier Baron and Ana Maria Hornos and Eva Calvo-Bonacho and Jose Rioja and Pedro Valdivielso and Jose Antonio Gelpi and Pedro Gonzalez-Santos},
journal = {BMC Med Genet},
title = {Additive effects of LPL, APOA5 and APOE variant combinations on triglyceride levels and hypertriglyceridemia: results of the ICARIA genetic sub-study},
abstract = {ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) is a well-established independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease and the influence of several genetic variants in genes related with triglyceride (TG) metabolism has been described, including LPL, APOA5 and APOE. The combined analysis of these polymorphisms could produce clinically meaningful complementary information. METHODS: A subgroup of the ICARIA study comprising 1825 Spanish subjects (80% men, mean age 36 years) was genotyped for the LPL-HindIII (rs320), S447X (rs328), D9N (rs1801177) and N291S (rs268) polymorphisms, the APOA5-S19W (rs3135506) and -1131T/C (rs662799) variants, and the APOE polymorphism (rs429358; rs7412) using PCR and restriction analysis and TaqMan assays. We used regression analyses to examine their combined effects on TG levels (with the log-transformed variable) and the association of variant combinations with TG levels and hypertriglyceridemia (TG [greater than or equal to] 1.69 mmol/L), including the covariates: gender, age, waist circumference, blood glucose, blood pressure, smoking and alcohol consumption. RESULTS: We found a significant lowering effect of the LPL-HindIII and S447X polymorphisms (p<0.0001). In addition, the D9N, N291S, S19W and -1131T/C variants and the APOE-epsilon4 allele were significantly associated with an independent additive TG-raising effect (p<0.05, p<0.01, p<0.001, p<0.0001 and p<0.001, respectively). Grouping individuals according to the presence of TG-lowering or TG-raising polymorphisms showed significant differences in TG levels (p<0.0001), with the lowest levels exhibited by carriers of two lowering variants (10.2% reduction in TG geometric mean with respect to individuals who were homozygous for the frequent alleles of all the variants), and the highest levels in carriers of raising combinations (25.1% mean TG increase). Thus, carrying two lowering variants was protective against HTG (OR=0.62; 95% CI, 0.39-0.98; p=0.042) and having one single raising polymorphism (OR=1.20; 95% CI, 1.39-2.87; p<0.001) or more (2 or 3 raising variants; OR=2.90; 95% CI, 1.56-5.41; p<0.001) were associated with HTG. CONCLUSION: Our results showed a significant independent additive effect on TG levels of the LPL polymorphisms HindIII, S447X, D9N and N291S; the S19W and -1131T/C variants of APOA5, and the epsilon4 allele of APOE in our study population. Moreover, some of the variant combinations studied were significantly associated with the absence or the presence of hypertriglyceridemia.},
number = {1},
pages = {66},
volume = {11},
year = {2010},
month = {Apr},
language = {ENG},
date-added = {2010-05-01 17:35:05 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-05-01 17:35:05 +0200},
doi = {10.1186/1471-2350-11-66},
pii = {1471-2350-11-66},
pmid = {20429872},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Ariza-2010-BMC%20Med%20Genet_Additive%20effects%20of.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p11514},
rating = {0}
}

@article{EngelYeger:2010p5086,
author = {Batya Engel-Yeger and Sara Rosenblum and Naomi Josman},
journal = {Res Dev Disabil},
title = {Movement Assessment Battery for Children (M-ABC): establishing construct validity for Israeli children},
abstract = {The Movement Assessment Battery for Children (M-ABC) is one of the most accepted tools, both in clinical practice and in research, for the diagnosis of Developmental Coordination Disorders (DCDs) in children. The present study aimed to: (1) establish the construct validity of M-ABC in Israel by comparing the motor performance of typically developed children in four age groups (ranging from 6 to 12 years) and (2) examine the impact of socio-demographic parameters on children's motor performance. Participants were 249 typical children, between 4.1 and 12.08 years old, whose motor performance was evaluated by the M-ABC. The results showed that age, gender, mother's education level, and socioeconomic status had an impact on children's motor performance. Thus, the M-ABC may serve as a suitable tool for examining the motor performance of children in Israel. This examination should also refer to socio-demographic factors in order to shed light on the contribution of environmental disadvantages to children's motor performance.},
affiliation = {Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Social Welfare {\&} Health Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel. batya@research.haifa.ac.il},
number = {1},
pages = {87--96},
volume = {31},
year = {2010},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Male, Female, Israel, Humans, Child, Neuropsychological Tests, Socioeconomic Factors, Child: Preschool, Psychometrics, Reproducibility of Results, Cross-Cultural Comparison, Motor Skills Disorders},
date-added = {2010-02-05 20:16:26 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-02-05 20:16:26 +0100},
doi = {10.1016/j.ridd.2009.08.001},
pii = {S0891-4222(09)00122-X},
pmid = {19815375},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p5086},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Hjelmborg:2008p7222,
author = {Jacob v B Hjelmborg and Corrado Fagnani and Karri Silventoinen and Matt McGue and Maarit Korkeila and Kaare Christensen and Aila Rissanen and Jaakko Kaprio},
journal = {Obesity (Silver Spring)},
title = {Genetic influences on growth traits of BMI: a longitudinal study of adult twins},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To investigate the interplay between genetic factors influencing baseline level and changes in BMI in adulthood. METHODS AND PROCEDURES: A longitudinal twin study of the cohort of Finnish twins (N = 10,556 twin individuals) aged 20-46 years at baseline was conducted and followed up 15 years. Data on weight and height were obtained from mailed surveys in 1975, 1981, and 1990. RESULTS: Latent growth models revealed a substantial genetic influence on BMI level at baseline in males and females (heritability (h(2)) 80% (95% confidence interval 0.79-0.80) for males and h(2) = 82% (0.81, 0.84) for females) and a moderate-to-high influence on rate of change in BMI (h(2) = 58% (0.50, 0.69) for males and h(2) = 64% (0.58, 0.69) for females). Only very weak evidence for genetic pleiotropy was observed; the genetic correlation between baseline and rate of change in BMI was very modest (-0.070 (-0.13, -0.068) for males and 0.04 (0.00, 0.08) for females. DISCUSSION: Our population-based results provide a basis for identifying genetic variants for change in BMI, in particular weight gain. Furthermore, they demonstrate for the first time that such genetic variants for change in BMI are likely to be different from those affecting level of BMI.},
affiliation = {Statistics and Epidemiology, Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. jhjelmborg@health.sdu.dk},
number = {4},
pages = {847--52},
volume = {16},
year = {2008},
month = {Apr},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Body Mass Index, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Body Weight, Body Height, Humans, Genetic Variation, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Female, Middle Aged, Finland, Obesity, Adult, Age Distribution, Sex Distribution},
date-added = {2010-03-08 19:32:26 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-03-08 19:32:26 +0100},
doi = {10.1038/oby.2007.135},
pii = {oby2007135},
pmid = {18239571},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Hjelmborg-2008-Obesity%20(Silver%20Spring)_Genetic%20influences%20o.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p7222},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Frodl:2010p4924,
author = {T Frodl and E Reinhold and N Koutsouleris and M Reiser and E M Meisenzahl},
journal = {J Psychiatr Res},
title = {Interaction of childhood stress with hippocampus and prefrontal cortex volume reduction in major depression},
abstract = {Early emotional stress is associated with a life-long burden of risk for later depression and stressful life events contribute to the development of depressive episodes. In this study we investigated whether childhood stress is associated with structural brain alterations in patients with major depression (MD). Forty-three patients with MD and 44 age as well as gender matched healthy control subjects were inves- tigated using high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Region of interest analysis of the hip- pocampus, whole brain voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and assessment of childhood stress was carried out. Significantly smaller hippocampal white matter and prefrontal gray matter volume was observed in patients with MD compared to healthy controls. In particular left hippocampal white matter was smaller in patients, who had emotional childhood neglect, compared to those without neglect. For male patients this effect was seen in the left and right hippocampus. Moreover, physical neglect during childhood affected prefrontal gray matter volume in healthy subjects. Both emotional neglect and brain structural abnormalities predicted cumulative illness duration and there was a significant interaction between emotional neglect and prefrontal volumes as well as hippocampal white matter on the illness course. Childhood neglect resulted in hippocampal white matter changes in patients with major depres- sion, pronounced at the left side and in males. Most interestingly, childhood stress and brain structure volumes independently predicted cumulative illness course. Subjects with both, structural brain changes and childhood emotional neglect seem to be at a very high risk to develop a more severe illness course.},
year = {2010},
date-added = {2010-02-02 11:29:00 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:35:54 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Frodl-2010-J%20Psychiatr%20Res_Interaction%20of%20child.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p4924},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Panagiotakos:2004p1818,
author = {D B Panagiotakos and C Pitsavos},
journal = {Journal of Data Science},
title = {Interpretation of Epidemiological Data Using Multiple Correspondence Analysis and Log-linear Models},
abstract = {In this work we present a combined approach to contingency tables analysis using correspondence analysis and log-linear models. Several investigators have recognized relations between the aforementioned method- ologies, in the past. By their combination we may obtain a better under- standing of the structure of the data and a more favorable interpretation of the results. As an application we applied both methodologies to an epi- demiological database (CARDIO2000) regarding coronary heart disease risk factors.},
affiliation = {Technological Educational Institute of Piraeus},
pages = {75--86},
volume = {2},
year = {2004},
keywords = {logistic regression, Correspondence analysis, epidemiology},
date-added = {2010-01-09 22:55:45 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-09 22:57:09 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Panagiotakos-2004-Journal%20of%20Data%20Science_Interpretation%20of%20Ep.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1818},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Widaman:2003p13820,
author = {Keith F Widaman and Jane S Thompson},
journal = {Psychological Methods},
title = {On specifying the null model for incremental fit indices in structural equation modeling},
abstract = {In structural equation modeling, incremental fit indices are based on the comparison of the fit of a substantive model to that of a null model. The standard null model yields unconstrained estimates of the variance (and mean, if included) of each manifest variable. For many models, however, the standard null model is an improper comparison model. In these cases, incremental fit index values reported automatically by structural modeling software have no interpretation and should be disregarded. The authors explain how to formulate an acceptable, modified null model, predict changes in fit index values accompanying its use, provide examples illustrating effects on fit index values when using such a model, and discuss implications for theory and practice of structural equation modeling.},
affiliation = {Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis 95616-8686, USA. kfwidaman@ucdavis.edu},
number = {1},
pages = {16--37},
volume = {8},
year = {2003},
month = {Mar},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Mathematical Computing, Reproducibility of Results, Humans, Software, Data Interpretation: Statistical, Psychometrics, Psychological Tests, Models: Statistical},
date-added = {2010-07-29 12:43:42 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 12:43:42 +0200},
pmid = {12741671},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Widaman-2003-Psychological%20Methods_On%20specifying%20the%20nu.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p13820},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Lui:2005p6521,
author = {K J Lui},
journal = {Statistical Methodology},
title = {Sample size calculation for testing non-inferiority and equivalence under Poisson distribution},
abstract = {When counting the number of chemical parts in air pollution studies or when comparing the occurrence of congenital malformations between a uranium mining town and a control population, we often assume Poisson distribution for the number of these rare events. Some discussions on sample size calculation under Poisson model appear elsewhere, but all these focus on the case of testing equality rather than testing equivalence. We discuss sample size and power calculation on the basis of exact distribution under Poisson models for testing non-inferiority and equivalence with respect to the mean incidence rate ratio. On the basis of large sample theory, we further develop an approximate sample size calculation formula using the normal approximation of a proposed test statistic for testing non-inferiority and an approximate power calculation formula for testing equivalence. We find that using these approximation formulae tends to produce an underestimate of the minimum required sample size calculated from using the exact test procedure. On the other hand, we find that the power corresponding to the approximate sample sizes can be actually accurate (with respect to Type I error and power) when we apply the asymptotic test procedure based on the normal distribution. We tabulate in a variety of situations the minimum mean incidence needed in the standard (or the control) population, that can easily be employed to calculate the minimum required sample size from each comparison group for testing non-inferiority and equivalence between two Poisson populations.},
pages = {37--48},
volume = {2},
year = {2005},
date-added = {2010-02-23 08:43:19 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 20:06:22 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Lui-2005-Statistical%20Methodology_Sample%20size%20calculat.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p6521},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Ford:1986p11745,
author = {J K Ford and R C MacCallum and M Tait},
journal = {Personnel Psychology},
title = {The application of exploratory factor analysis in applied psychology: A critical review and analysis},
pages = {291--314},
volume = {39},
year = {1986},
date-added = {2010-05-14 21:43:32 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:43:11 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Ford-1986-Personnel%20Psychology_The%20application%20of%20e-1.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p11745},
rating = {4}
}

@article{Kerner:2009p7667,
author = {Berit Kerner and Kari E North and M Daniele Fallin},
journal = {Genet Epidemiol},
title = {Use of longitudinal data in genetic studies in the genome-wide association studies era: summary of Group 14},
abstract = {Participants analyzed actual and simulated longitudinal data from the Framingham Heart Study for various metabolic and cardiovascular traits. The genetic information incorporated into these investigations ranged from selected single-nucleotide polymorphisms to genome-wide association arrays. Genotypes were incorporated using a broad range of methodological approaches including conditional logistic regression, linear mixed models, generalized estimating equations, linear growth curve estimation, growth modeling, growth mixture modeling, population attributable risk

repository: sergiud/bibtex-spirit

repo_name: sergiud/bibtex-spirit

gha_license_id: MIT