text:
and Ute Thyen and Catherine Arnaud and Eva Beckung and Jerome Fauconnier and Marco Marcelli and Vicki McManus and Susan I Michelsen and Kathryn Parkinson and Allan Colver},
journal = {J Child Psychol Psychiatry},
title = {Psychological problems in children with cerebral palsy: a cross-sectional European study},
abstract = {OBJECTIVES: To describe psychological symptoms in 8-12-year-old children with cerebral palsy; to investigate predictors of these symptoms and their impact on the child and family. DESIGN: A cross-sectional multi-centre survey. PARTICIPANTS: Eight hundred and eighteen children with cerebral palsy, aged 8-12 years, identified from population-based registers of cerebral palsy in eight European regions and from multiple sources in one further region. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ)(P4-16) and the Total Difficulties Score (TDS) dichotomised into normal/borderline (TDS < or = 16) versus abnormal (TDS > 16). STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Multilevel, multivariable logistic regression to relate the presence of psychological symptoms to child and family characteristics. RESULTS: About a quarter of the children had TDS > 16 indicating significant psychological symptoms, most commonly in the domain Peer Problems. Better gross motor function, poorer intellect, more pain, having a disabled or ill sibling and living in a town were independently associated with TDS > 16. The risk of TDS > 16 was odds ratio (OR) = .2 (95% CI: .1 to .3) comparing children with the most and least severe functional limitations; OR = 3.2 (95%CI: 2.1 to 4.8) comparing children with IQ < 70 and others; OR = 2.7 (95% CI: 1.5 to 4.6) comparing children in severe pain and others; OR = 2.7 (95% CI:1.6 to 4.6) comparing children with another disabled sibling or OR = 1.8 (95%CI: 1.2 to 2.8) no siblings and others; OR = 1.8 (95% CI: 1.1 to 2.8) comparing children resident in a town and others. Among parents who reported their child to have psychological problems, 95% said they had lasted over a year, 37% said they distressed their child and 42% said they burdened the family at least 'quite a lot'. CONCLUSIONS: A significant proportion of children with cerebral palsy have psychological symptoms or social impairment sufficiently severe to warrant referral to specialist services. Care must be taken in the assessment and management of children with cerebral palsy to ensure psychological problems are not overlooked and potentially preventable risk factors like pain are treated effectively. The validity of the SDQ for children with severe disability warrants further assessment.},
affiliation = {School of Nursing {\&} Midwifery, Queen's University Belfast, UK. j.parkes@qub.ac.uk},
number = {4},
pages = {405--13},
volume = {49},
year = {2008},
month = {Apr},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Siblings, Mental Retardation, Europe, Cerebral Palsy, Social Adjustment, Comorbidity, Social Environment, Male, Child Behavior Disorders, Disability Evaluation, Affective Symptoms, Referral and Consultation, Humans, Sick Role, Female, Cross-Sectional Studies, Pain, Personality Assessment, Peer Group, Child, Health Surveys, Risk Factors},
date-added = {2010-01-14 21:12:33 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:32:47 +0200},
doi = {10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01845.x},
pii = {JCPP1845},
pmid = {18081767},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Parkes-2008-J%20Child%20Psychol%20Psychiatry_Psychological%20proble.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p3279},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Knoch:2007p4102,
author = {U Knoch},
journal = {Spaan Fellow Working Papers in Second or Foreign Language Assessment},
title = {Do Empirically Developed Rating Scales Function Differently to Conventional Rating Scales for Academic Writing?},
abstract = {Rating scales with detailed level descriptors are used in writing performance assessment to give raters an explicit basis on which to award scores. These scales, however, are generally constructed by a team of developers who rely largely on intuition of what they think writers produce rather than what they actually produce. The descriptors have furthermore been criticized for often being too vague to result in reliable ratings. In recent years there has been a call for more empirically based methods of scale development (Fulcher, 2003; Upshur {\&} Turner, 1999), as this process should greatly improve the validity and the reliability of the ratings. The aim of this study is to investigate whether such an empirically developed rating scale for writing does in fact result in more reliable and valid ratings than more intuitively developed measures. The validation process involved 10 trained raters rating 100 scripts (produced as part of a large-scale diagnostic assessment administered to both native and nonnative speakers of English at a large university) using both sets of descriptors. The quantitative analysis was undertaken using FACETS. Questionnaires and interviews were also administered to elicit the raters' perceptions of the efficacy of the two types of scales. The results suggest that the raters used very different cognitive processes when employing the two sets of descriptors, resulting in two different score profiles. The findings are discussed in terms of their implications for rater training and rating scale development.},
volume = {5},
year = {2007},
date-added = {2010-01-19 23:36:34 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-19 23:37:22 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Knoch-2007-Spaan%20Fellow%20Working%20Papers%20in%20Second%20or%20Foreign%20Language%20Assessment_Do%20Empirically%20Devel.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p4102},
rating = {0}
}

@article{McRae:2007p1722,
author = {Allan F McRae and Nicholas A Matigian and Lata Vadlamudi and John C Mulley and Bryan Mowry and Nicholas G Martin and Sam F Berkovic and Nicholas K Hayward and Peter M Visscher},
journal = {Hum Mol Genet},
title = {Replicated effects of sex and genotype on gene expression in human lymphoblastoid cell lines},
abstract = {The expression level for 15,887 transcripts in lymphoblastoid cell lines from 19 monozygotic twin pairs (10 male, 9 female) were analysed for the effects of genotype and sex. On an average, the effect of twin pairs explained 31% of the variance in normalized gene expression levels, consistent with previous broad sense heritability estimates. The effect of sex on gene expression levels was most noticeable on the X chromosome, which contained 15 of the 20 significantly differentially expressed genes. A high concordance was observed between the sex difference test statistics and surveys of genes escaping X chromosome inactivation. Notably, several autosomal genes showed significant differences in gene expression between the sexes despite much of the cellular environment differences being effectively removed in the cell lines. A publicly available gene expression data set from the CEPH families was used to validate the results. The heritability of gene expression levels as estimated from the two data sets showed a highly significant positive correlation, particularly when both estimates were close to one and thus had the smallest standard error. There was a large concordance between the genes significantly differentially expressed between the sexes in the two data sets. Analysis of the variability of probe binding intensities within a probe set indicated that results are robust to the possible presence of polymorphisms in the target sequences.},
affiliation = {Genetic Epidemiology Group, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Herston, QLD 4029, Australia. allan.mcrae@qimr.edu.au},
number = {4},
pages = {364--73},
volume = {16},
year = {2007},
month = {Feb},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Middle Aged, Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis, Adult, Genotype, Cell Transformation: Viral, Female, Family, Twins: Monozygotic, Male, Gene Expression Regulation, Databases: Factual, Humans, Lymphocytes, Cell Line: Transformed, Sex Characteristics},
date-added = {2010-01-09 20:31:05 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-09 20:31:06 +0100},
doi = {10.1093/hmg/ddl456},
pii = {ddl456},
pmid = {17164263},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/McRae-2007-Hum%20Mol%20Genet_Replicated%20effects%20o.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1722},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Prelic:2006p12869,
author = {Amela Preli{\'c} and Stefan Bleuler and Philip Zimmermann and Anja Wille and Peter B{\"u}hlmann and Wilhelm Gruissem and Lars Hennig and Lothar Thiele and Eckart Zitzler},
journal = {Bioinformatics},
title = {A systematic comparison and evaluation of biclustering methods for gene expression data},
abstract = {MOTIVATION: In recent years, there have been various efforts to overcome the limitations of standard clustering approaches for the analysis of gene expression data by grouping genes and samples simultaneously. The underlying concept, which is often referred to as biclustering, allows to identify sets of genes sharing compatible expression patterns across subsets of samples, and its usefulness has been demonstrated for different organisms and datasets. Several biclustering methods have been proposed in the literature; however, it is not clear how the different techniques compare with each other with respect to the biological relevance of the clusters as well as with other characteristics such as robustness and sensitivity to noise. Accordingly, no guidelines concerning the choice of the biclustering method are currently available. RESULTS: First, this paper provides a methodology for comparing and validating biclustering methods that includes a simple binary reference model. Although this model captures the essential features of most biclustering approaches, it is still simple enough to exactly determine all optimal groupings; to this end, we propose a fast divide-and-conquer algorithm (Bimax). Second, we evaluate the performance of five salient biclustering algorithms together with the reference model and a hierarchical clustering method on various synthetic and real datasets for Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Arabidopsis thaliana. The comparison reveals that (1) biclustering in general has advantages over a conventional hierarchical clustering approach, (2) there are considerable performance differences between the tested methods and (3) already the simple reference model delivers relevant patterns within all considered settings.},
affiliation = {Computer Engineering and Networks Laboratory, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland.},
number = {9},
pages = {1122--9},
volume = {22},
year = {2006},
month = {May},
language = {eng},
keywords = {cluster analysis, Pattern Recognition: Automated, Algorithms, Artificial Intelligence, Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis, Databases: Genetic, Gene Expression Profiling, Gene Expression},
date-added = {2010-06-24 12:51:37 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-06-24 12:51:37 +0200},
doi = {10.1093/bioinformatics/btl060},
pii = {btl060},
pmid = {16500941},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Preli%C4%87-2006-Bioinformatics_A%20systematic%20compari.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p12869},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Hasin:2004p3415,
author = {Yehudit Hasin and Nili Avidan and Dani Bercovich and Amos Korczyn and Israel Silman and Jacques S Beckmann and Joel L Sussman},
journal = {Hum Mutat},
title = {A paradigm for single nucleotide polymorphism analysis: the case of the acetylcholinesterase gene},
abstract = {Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) plays a crucial physiological role in termination of impulse transmission at cholinergic synapses through rapid hydrolysis of acetylcholine. It is a highly conserved molecule, and only a few naturally occurring genetic polymorphisms have been reported in the human gene. The goal of the present study was to make a systematic effort to identify natural single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the human ACHE gene. To this end, the genomic coding sequences for acetylcholinesterase of 96 unrelated control individuals from three distinct ethnic groups were analyzed. A total of 13 ACHE SNPs were identified, 10 of which are newly described, and five that should produce amino acid substitutions [c.101G>A (p.Arg34Gln), c.169G>A (p.Gly57Arg), c.1031A>G (p.Glu344Gly), c.1057C>A (p.His353Asn), and c.1775C>G (p.Pro592Arg)]. Population frequencies of 11 of the 13 SNPs were established in four different populations: African Americans, Ashkenazi Jews, Sephardic Jews, and Israeli Arabs; 15 haplotypes and five ethnospecific alleles were identified. The low number of SNPs identified until now in the ACHE gene is ascribed to technical hurdles arising from the high GC content and the presence of numerous repeat sequences, and does not reflect its intrinsic heterozygosity. Among the SNPs resulting in an amino acid substitution, three are within the mature protein, mapping on its external surface: they are thus unlikely to affect its catalytic properties, yet could have antigenic consequences or affect putative protein-protein interactions. Furthermore, the newly identified SNPs open the door to a study of the possible association of AChE with deleterious phenotypes-such as adverse drug responses to AChE inhibitors employed in treatment of Alzheimer patients and hypersensitivity to pesticides.},
affiliation = {Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.},
number = {5},
pages = {408--16},
volume = {24},
year = {2004},
month = {Nov},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Acetylcholinesterase, Molecular Sequence Data, Base Composition, Haplotypes, Mutation: Missense, Gene Frequency, 3' Untranslated Regions, Polymorphism: Single Nucleotide, Exons, Protein Conformation, Models: Molecular, Amino Acid Sequence, Introns, DNA Mutational Analysis, Base Sequence, Ethnic Groups, Humans, Catalysis},
date-added = {2010-01-15 14:52:09 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-15 14:52:09 +0100},
doi = {10.1002/humu.20106},
pmid = {15459952},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Hasin-2004-Hum%20Mutat_A%20paradigm%20for%20singl.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p3415},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Wermuth:2005p6306,
author = {N Wermuth},
title = {On implications of recent results on graphical Markov models for the design and analysis of observational studies},
year = {2005},
date-added = {2010-02-20 20:18:22 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-02-20 20:18:45 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Wermuth-2005-_On%20implications%20of%20r.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p6306},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Missiuna:1995p12938,
author = {C Missiuna and H Polatajko},
journal = {Am J Occup Ther},
title = {Developmental dyspraxia by any other name: are they all just clumsy children?},
abstract = {The recent introduction of the diagnostic category developmental coordination disorder (DCD) (American Psychiatric Association [APA], 1987, 1994), has generated confusion among researchers and clinicians in many fields, including occupational therapy. Although the diagnostic criteria appear to be similar to those used to define clumsy children, children with developmental dyspraxia, or children with sensory integrative dysfunction, we are left with the question: Are children who receive the diagnosis of DCD the same as those who receive the other diagnoses, a subgroup, or an entirely distinct group of children? This article will examine the theoretical and empirical literature and use the results to support the thesis that these terms are not interchangeable and yet are not being used in the literature in a way that clearly defines each subgroup of children. Clear definitions and characteristic features need to be identified and associated with each term to guide occupational therapy assessment and intervention and clinical research.},
affiliation = {School of Occupational Therapy and Physiotherapy, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario.},
number = {7},
pages = {619--27},
volume = {49},
year = {1995},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Child, Terminology as Topic, Humans, Developmental Disabilities},
date-added = {2010-06-25 21:46:32 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-06-25 21:46:32 +0200},
pmid = {7573332},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p12938},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Kulas:2008p7240,
author = {J T Kulas and J Merriam and Y Onama},
journal = {Journal of Research in Personality},
title = {Item--trait association, scale multidimensionality, and differential item functioning identification in personality assessment},
abstract = {This report documents relationships between differential item functioning (DIF) identification and: (1) item--trait asso- ciation, and (2) scale multidimensionality in personality assessment. Applying [Zumbo, B. D. (1999). A handbook on the theory and methods of differential item functioning (DIF): Logistic regression modeling as a unitary framework for binary and Likert-type (ordinal) item scores. Ottawa, ON: Directorate of Human Resources Research and Evaluation, Depart- ment of National Defense.] logistic regression model, DIF effect size is found to become increasingly inflated as investi- gated item associations with trait scores decrease. Similar patterns were noted for the influence of scale multidimensionality on DIF identification. Individuals who investigate DIF in personality assessment applications are pro- vided with estimates regarding the impact of the magnitude of item and trait association and scale multidimensionality on DIF occurrence and effect size. The results emphasize the importance of excluding investigated items in focal trait identi- fication prior to conducting DIF analyses and reporting item and scale psychometric properties in DIF reports.},
pages = {1102--1108},
volume = {42},
year = {2008},
date-added = {2010-03-10 20:07:06 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:36:11 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Kulas-2008-Journal%20of%20Research%20in%20Personality_Item%E2%80%93trait%20associati.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p7240},
rating = {4}
}

@article{Horst:1956p13810,
author = {P Horst and K W Schaie},
journal = {Journal of Experimental Education},
title = {The multiple group method of factor analysis and rotation to a simple structure hypothesis},
pages = {231--237},
volume = {24},
year = {1956},
date-added = {2010-07-29 12:29:34 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 12:31:03 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Horst-1956-Journal%20of%20Experimental%20Education_The%20multiple%20group%20m.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p13810},
rating = {3}
}

@article{Ambroise:2009p12786,
author = {Christophe Ambroise and J Chiquet and C Matias},
journal = {Electronic Journal of Statistics},
title = {Inferring sparse Gaussian graphical models with latent structure},
abstract = {Ourconcernisselectingtheconcentrationmatrix'snonzeroco- efficients for a sparse Gaussian graphical model in a high-dimensional set- ting. This corresponds to estimating the graph of conditional dependencies between the variables. We describe a novel framework taking into account a latent structure on the concentration matrix. This latent structure is used to drive a penalty matrix and thus to recover a graphical model with a constrained topology. Our method uses an l1 penalized likelihood crite- rion. Inference of the graph of conditional dependencies between the vari- ates and of the hidden variables is performed simultaneously in an iterative em-like algorithm named SIMoNe (Statistical Inference for Modular Net- works). Performances are illustrated on synthetic as well as real data, the latter concerning breast cancer. For gene regulation networks, our method can provide a useful insight both on the mutual influence existing between genes, and on the modules existing in the network.},
pages = {205--238},
volume = {3},
year = {2009},
date-added = {2010-06-18 20:58:57 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 20:21:39 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Ambroise-2009-Electronic%20Journal%20of%20Statistics_Inferring%20sparse%20Gau.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p12786},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Widiger:2009p5942,
author = {Thomas A Widiger and Stephanie N Mullins-Sweatt},
journal = {Annual review of clinical psychology},
title = {Five-factor model of personality disorder: a proposal for DSM-V},
abstract = {The predominant dimensional model of general personality structure within psychology is the five-factor model (FFM). Research indicates that the personality disorders of the American Psychiatric Association's diagnostic manual can be understood as maladaptive variants of the domains and facets of the FFM. The current review provides a proposal for the classification of personality disorder from the perspective of the FFM. Discussed as well are implications and issues associated with an FFM of personality disorder, including the integration of a psychiatric nomenclature with general personality structure, the inclusion of a domain of openness to experience, the identification of problems in living associated with maladaptive personality traits, the setting of a diagnostic threshold, prototypal matching, feasibility, and clinical utility.},
affiliation = {Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506-0044, USA. widiger@pop.uky.edu},
pages = {197--220},
volume = {5},
year = {2009},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Humans, Factor Analysis: Statistical, Adaptation: Psychological, Personality Disorders, Psychotherapy, Feasibility Studies},
date-added = {2010-02-18 23:17:11 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-02-18 23:17:11 +0100},
doi = {10.1146/annurev.clinpsy.032408.153542},
pmid = {19046124},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Widiger-2009-Annual%20review%20of%20clinical%20psychology_Five-factor%20model%20of.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p5942},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Wolfe:1998,
author = {M B W Wolfe and M E Schreiner and B Rehder and D Laham},
journal = {Discourse Processes},
title = {Learning from text: Matching readers and texts by latent semantic analysis},
pages = {309--336},
volume = {25},
year = {1998},
date-added = {2010-01-10 11:33:24 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:25:23 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Wolfe-1998-Discourse%20Processes_Learning%20from%20text.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1903},
rating = {0}
}

@article{PearsonFuhrhop:2009p9790,
author = {Kristin M Pearson-Fuhrhop and Jeffrey A Kleim and Steven C Cramer},
journal = {Top Stroke Rehabil},
title = {Brain plasticity and genetic factors},
abstract = {Brain plasticity refers to changes in brain function and structure that arise in a number of contexts. One area in which brain plasticity is of considerable interest is recovery from stroke, both spontaneous and treatment-induced. A number of factors influence these poststroke brain events. The current review considers the impact of genetic factors. Polymorphisms in the human genes coding for brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and apolipoprotein E (ApoE) have been studied in the context of plasticity and/or stroke recovery and are discussed here in detail. Several other genetic polymorphisms are indirectly involved in stroke recovery through their modulating influences on processes such as depression and pharmacotherapy effects. Finally, new genetic polymorphisms that have not been studied in the context of stroke are proposed as new directions for study. A better understanding of genetic influences on recovery and response to therapy might allow improved treatment after stroke.},
affiliation = {Department of Anatomy {\&} Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, Orange, USA.},
number = {4},
pages = {282--99},
volume = {16},
year = {2009},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Neuronal Plasticity, Recovery of Function, Humans, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Stroke, Animals},
date-added = {2010-03-26 19:20:35 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-03-26 19:20:35 +0100},
doi = {10.1310/tsr1604-282},
pii = {72UT2147G631P441},
pmid = {19740733},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p9790},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Fowler:1992,
author = {FJ Fowler},
journal = {Public Opinion Quarterly},
title = {How unclear terms affect survey data},
abstract = {Although writing clear questions is accepted as a general goal in surveys, procedures to ensure that each key term is consistently understood are not routine. Researchers who do not adequately test respondent understanding of questions must assume that ambiguity will not have a large or systematic effect on their results. Seven questions that were drawn from questions used in national health surveys were subjected to special pretest procedures and found to contain one or more poorly defined terms. When the questions were revised to clarify the definition of key terms, significantly different estimates resulted.The implication is that unclear terms are likely to produce biased estimates. The results indicate that evaluation of survey questions to identify key terms that are not consistently understood and defining unclear terms are ways to reduce systematic error in survey measurement.},
pages = {18--231},
volume = {56},
year = {1992},
date-added = {2010-01-03 19:34:17 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:47:49 +0200},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1003},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Cook:2008p6039,
author = {Edwin H Cook and Stephen W Scherer},
journal = {Nature},
title = {Copy-number variations associated with neuropsychiatric conditions},
abstract = {Neuropsychiatric conditions such as autism and schizophrenia have long been attributed to genetic alterations, but identifying the genes responsible has proved challenging. Microarray experiments have now revealed abundant copy-number variation--a type of variation in which stretches of DNA are duplicated, deleted and sometimes rearranged--in the human population. Genes affected by copy-number variation are good candidates for research into disease susceptibility. The complexity of neuropsychiatric genetics, however, dictates that assessment of the biomedical relevance of copy-number variants and the genes that they affect needs to be considered in an integrated context.},
affiliation = {Institute for Juvenile Research, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois, 1747 West Roosevelt Road, Chicago, Illinois 60608, USA.},
number = {7215},
pages = {919--23},
volume = {455},
year = {2008},
month = {Oct},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Gene Dosage, Mental Disorders, Autistic Disorder, Schizophrenia, Genomics, Nervous System Diseases, Animals, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease},
date-added = {2010-02-19 17:01:10 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-02-19 17:01:10 +0100},
doi = {10.1038/nature07458},
pii = {nature07458},
pmid = {18923514},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p6039},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Haber:2006p9845,
author = {Michael Haber and Huiman X Barnhart},
journal = {Stat Methods Med Res},
title = {Coefficients of agreement for fixed observers},
abstract = {Agreement between fixed observers or methods that produce readings on a continuous scale is usually evaluated via one of several intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). This article presents and discusses a few related issues that have not been raised before. ICCs are usually presented in the context of a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) model. We argue that the ANOVA model makes inadequate assumptions, such as the homogeneity of the error variances and of the pairwise correlation coefficients between observers. We then present the concept of observer relational agreement which has been used in the social sciences to derive the common ICCs without making the restrictive ANOVA assumptions. This concept did not receive much attention in the biomedical literature. When observer agreement is defined in terms of the difference of the readings of different observers on the same subject (absolute agreement), the corresponding relational agreement coefficient coincides with the concordance correlation coefficient (CCC), which is also an ICC. The CCC, which has gained popularity over the past 15 years, compares the mean squared difference between readings of observers on the same subject with the expected value of this quantity under the assumption of 'chance agreement', which is defined as independence between observers. We argue that the assumption of independence is unrealistic in this context and present a new coefficient that is not based on the concept of chance agreement.},
affiliation = {Department of Biostatistics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. mhaber@sph.emory.edu},
number = {3},
pages = {255--71},
volume = {15},
year = {2006},
month = {Jun},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Analysis of Variance, Computer Simulation, Humans, Reproducibility of Results, Biomedical Research, Models: Statistical, Magnetic Resonance Angiography, Clinical Trials as Topic, Observer Variation, Carotid Stenosis},
date-added = {2010-03-26 19:29:19 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-03-26 19:29:20 +0100},
pmid = {16768299},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Haber-2006-Stat%20Methods%20Med%20Res_Coefficients%20of%20agre.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p9845},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Muthen:1992p6779,
author = {B O Muth{\'e}n},
journal = {Alcohol Health {\&} Research World},
title = {Latent variable modeling in epidemiology},
number = {4},
pages = {286--292},
volume = {16},
year = {1992},
date-added = {2010-03-05 22:19:51 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-03-05 22:21:14 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Muth%C3%A9n-1992-Alcohol%20Health%20&%20Research%20World_Latent%20variable%20mode.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p6779},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Duerr:2006p5605,
author = {Richard H Duerr and Kent D Taylor and Steven R Brant and John D Rioux and Mark S Silverberg and Mark J Daly and A Hillary Steinhart and Clara Abraham and Miguel Regueiro and Anne Griffiths and Themistocles Dassopoulos and Alain Bitton and Huiying Yang and Stephan Targan and Lisa Wu Datta and Emily O Kistner and L Philip Schumm and Annette T Lee and Peter K Gregersen and M Michael Barmada and Jerome I Rotter and Dan L Nicolae and Judy H Cho},
journal = {Science},
title = {A genome-wide association study identifies IL23R as an inflammatory bowel disease gene},
abstract = {The inflammatory bowel diseases Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are common, chronic disorders that cause abdominal pain, diarrhea, and gastrointestinal bleeding. To identify genetic factors that might contribute to these disorders, we performed a genome-wide association study. We found a highly significant association between Crohn's disease and the IL23R gene on chromosome 1p31, which encodes a subunit of the receptor for the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-23. An uncommon coding variant (rs11209026, c.1142G>A, p.Arg381Gln) confers strong protection against Crohn's disease, and additional noncoding IL23R variants are independently associated. Replication studies confirmed IL23R associations in independent cohorts of patients with Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis. These results and previous studies on the proinflammatory role of IL-23 prioritize this signaling pathway as a therapeutic target in inflammatory bowel disease.},
affiliation = {Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Presbyterian, Mezzanine Level, C-Wing, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.},
number = {5804},
pages = {1461--3},
volume = {314},
year = {2006},
month = {Dec},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Linkage Disequilibrium, Polymorphism: Single Nucleotide, Genome: Human, Haplotypes, Alleles, Genetic Markers, Genetic Testing, Chromosomes: Human: Pair 1, Crohn Disease, Colitis: Ulcerative, Humans, Case-Control Studies, Signal Transduction, Jews, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Interleukin-23, Receptors: Interleukin, Cohort Studies},
date-added = {2010-02-12 15:45:45 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:50:10 +0200},
doi = {10.1126/science.1135245},
pii = {1135245},
pmid = {17068223},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Duerr-2006-Science_A%20genome-wide%20associ.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p5605},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Patterson:2006p3418,
author = {N Patterson},
title = {Population structure and eigenanalysis},
year = {2006},
date-added = {2010-01-15 14:54:08 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-15 14:54:29 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Patterson-2006-_Population%20structure.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p3418},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Beautrais:2001,
author = {AL Beautrais},
journal = {Psychol Med},
title = {Suicides and serious suicide attempts: two populations or one?},
abstract = {Background. Few studies have examined the extent to which populations of suicides and attempted suicides are similar, or different. This paper compares suicides and serious suicide attempts in terms of known risk factors for suicidal behaviour. Methods. Using case--control methodology, risk factors for suicidal behaviour were examined in 202 individuals who died by suicide, 275 individuals who made medically serious suicide attempts and 984 randomly selected control subjects. Based on data from significant others, measures used spanned sociodemographic factors, childhood experiences, psychiatric morbidity and psychiatric history, exposure to recent stressful life events and social interaction. Results. Multiple logistic regression identified the following risk factors that were common to suicide and serious suicide attempts: current mood disorder; previous suicide attempts; prior out-patient psychiatric treatment; admission to psychiatric hospital within the previous year; low income; a lack of formal educational qualifications; exposure to recent stressful interpersonal, legal and work-related life events. Suicides and suicide attempts were distinguished in the following ways: suicides were more likely to be male (OR = 1·9, 95% CI 1·1, 3·2); older (OR = 1·03, 95% CI 1·02, 1·04); and to have a current diagnosis of non-affective psychosis (OR = 8·5, 95% CI 2·0, 35·9). Suicide attempts were more likely than suicides to have a current diagnosis of anxiety disorder (OR = 3·5, 95% CI 1·6, 7·8) and to be socially isolated (OR = 2·0, 95% CI 1·2, 3·5). These findings were confirmed by discriminant function analysis, which identified two functions that described the three subject groups: the first function discriminated the two suicide groups from control subjects on a dimension corresponding to risk factors for suicide; the second function discriminated suicide from suicide attempt subjects on a series of factors including gender, non-affective psychosis and anxiety disorder. Conclusions. Suicides and medically serious suicide attempts are two overlapping populations that share common psychiatric diagnostic and history features, but are distinguished by gender and patterning of psychiatric disorder.},
pages = {837--845},
volume = {31},
year = {2001},
date-added = {2010-01-03 19:36:10 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-03 19:36:10 +0100},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1040},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Lau:2009p5751,
author = {Jennifer Y F Lau and Thalia C Eley},
journal = {Annual review of clinical psychology},
title = {The Genetics of Mood Disorders},
abstract = {Studying the genetics of mood disorders has never been more exciting. We have moved rapidly from establishing the genetic basis of depression to asking questions about how genes are expressed. This has been made possible by the capacity to collect and sequence DNA for large samples cheaply. But "multidisciplinary" approaches investigating interrelationships between risk factors have also been increasingly adopted, encouraging collaborations between those studying genes and those studying the brain, cognition, and/or the social environment. In this review, we first describe findings from quantitative and molecular studies investigating the genetic basis of depression. Second, we present overviews of three hot topics of genetic research: gene-environment interplay, which considers how genetic factors shape exposure and responses toward the social environment; endophenotypic research, which identifies neurophysiological and psychological mediators of genetic risk; and epigenetics, which explain how early environments can foster changes in gene expression, altering subsequent emotional development. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Clinical Psychology Volume 6 is March 27, 2010. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/catalog/pubdates.aspx for revised estimates.},
affiliation = {Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, OX1 4AU, United Kingdom; jennifer.lau@psy.ox.ac.uk.},
pages = {},
year = {2009},
month = {Dec},
language = {ENG},
date-added = {2010-02-15 20:28:49 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-02-15 20:28:49 +0100},
doi = {10.1146/annurev.clinpsy.121208.131308},
pmid = {20001729},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p5751},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Pek:2009p11945,
author = {J Pek and S K Sterba and B E Kok and D J Bauer},
journal = {Multivariate Behavioral Research},
title = {Estimating and Visualizing Nonlinear Relations Among Latent Variables: A
Semiparametric Approach},
abstract = {The graphical presentation of any scientific finding enhances its description, in- terpretation, and evaluation. Research involving latent variables is no exception, especially when potential nonlinear effects are suspect. This article has multiple aims. First, it provides a nontechnical overview of a semiparametric approach to modeling nonlinear relationships among latent variables using mixtures of linear structural equations. Second, it provides several examples showing how the method works and how it is implemented and interpreted in practical applications. In particular, this article examines the potentially nonlinear relationships between positive and negative affect and cognitive processing. Third, a recommended dis- play format for illustrating latent bivariate relationships is demonstrated. Finally, the article describes an R package and an online utility that generate these displays automatically.},
pages = {407--436},
volume = {44},
year = {2009},
date-added = {2010-05-23 17:04:19 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-05-23 17:06:07 +0200},
doi = {10.1080/00273170903103290},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Pek-2009-Multivariate%20Behavioral%20Research_Estimating%20and%20Visua-1.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p11945},
rating = {4}
}

@article{Chotai:2003p9959,
author = {Jayanti Chotai and Alessandro Serretti and Enrico Lattuada and Cristina Lorenzi and Roberta Lilli},
journal = {Psychiatry Res},
title = {Gene-environment interaction in psychiatric disorders as indicated by season of birth variations in tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH), serotonin transporter (5-HTTLPR) and dopamine receptor (DRD4) gene polymorphisms},
abstract = {Genetic and environmental factors, as well as their interactions, are likely to be involved in psychiatric disorders. Considerable progress has been made in association and linkage studies with various candidate genes, at times with conflicting or ambiguous results. An environmental factor that has persistently shown associations with several psychiatric and neurological disorders is the season of birth. If it is the interaction of a specific gene allele with a specific season of birth that constitutes an increased (or decreased) risk for a disorder, then the individuals with this disorder are likely to have a season of birth variation in this gene allele. We investigated the variations in TPH, 5-HTTLPR and DRD4 gene polymorphisms according to seasonality of birth in 954 patients with unipolar affective disorder, bipolar affective disorder, and schizophrenia, respectively, and in 395 controls. We first analyzed season of birth variations in the gene alleles with one cycle or two cycles per year, and then compared specified birth seasons with each other. We found season of birth variations in these gene alleles that were different for different psychiatric disorders. Significant differences between cases and controls could be obtained when restricting the analysis within certain birth seasons but not within others. Our results thus suggest an interaction between the seasons of birth and the expression of the candidate genes, and that season of birth is a confounding variable when investigating the role of the candidate genes in susceptibility to psychiatric disorders.},
affiliation = {Division of Psychiatry, Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Ume{\aa}, 901 85, Ume{\aa}, Sweden. jayanti.chotai@vll.se},
number = {1-2},
pages = {99--111},
volume = {119},
year = {2003},
month = {Jul},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Introns, Adult, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Tryptophan Hydroxylase, Environment, Genotype, Seasons, Serotonin, Italy, Incidence, Male, Middle Aged, Schizophrenia, Receptors: Dopamine D2, Alleles, Polymorphism: Genetic, Gene Expression, Receptors: Dopamine D4, Birth Rate, Female, Mood Disorders, Mental Disorders, Humans, Bipolar Disorder},
date-added = {2010-03-31 16:12:41 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:45:28 +0200},
pii = {S0165178103001124},
pmid = {12860364},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Chotai-2003-Psychiatry%20Res_Gene-environment%20int.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p9959},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Devouche:2001p4616,
author = {E Devouche and M Gratier},
journal = {Devenir},
title = {Microanalyse du rythme dans les {\'e}changes vocaux et gestuels entre la m{\`e}re et son b{\'e}b{\'e} de 10 semaines},
number = {2},
pages = {55--82},
volume = {13},
year = {2001},
date-added = {2010-01-30 15:19:48 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-30 15:21:02 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Devouche-2001-Devenir_Microanalyse%20du%20ryth.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p4616},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Nicodemus:2007p5841,
author = {Kristin K Nicodemus and Wenyi Wang and Yin Yao Shugart},
journal = {BMC Proc},
title = {Stability of variable importance scores and rankings using statistical learning tools on single-nucleotide polymorphisms and risk factors involved in gene x gene and gene x environment interactions},
abstract = {Risk of complex disorders is thought to be multifactorial, involving interactions between risk factors. However, many genetic studies assess association between disease status and markers one single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) at a time, due to the high-dimensional nature of the search space of all possible interactions. Three ensemble methods have been recently proposed for use in high-dimensional data (Monte Carlo logic regression, random forests, and generalized boosted regression). An intuitive way to detect an association between genetic markers and disease status is to use variable importance measures, even though the stability of these measures in the context of a whole-genome association study is unknown. For the simulated data of Problem 3 in the Genetic Analysis Workshop 15 (GAW15), we examined the variability of both rankings and magnitude of variable importance measures using 10 variables simulated to participate in gene x gene and gene x environment interactions. We conducted 500 analyses per method on one randomly selected replicate, tallying the rankings and importance measures for each of the 10 variables of interest. When the simulated effect size was strong, all three methods showed stable rankings and estimates of variable importance. However, under conditions more commonly expected to be encountered in complex diseases, random forests and generalized boosted regression showed more stable estimates of variable importance and variable rankings. Individuals endeavoring to apply statistical learning methods to detect interaction in complex disease studies should perform repeated analyses in order to assure variable importance measures and rankings do not vary greatly, even for statistical learning algorithms that are thought to be stable.},
affiliation = {Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK. nicodemusk@mail.nih.gov},
pages = {S58},
volume = {1 Suppl 1},
year = {2007},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
date-added = {2010-02-17 10:15:59 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:21:19 +0200},
pmid = {18466558},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Nicodemus-2007-BMC%20Proc_Stability%20of%20variabl.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p5841},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Penedo:2003p13043,
author = {Frank J Penedo and Jeffrey S Gonzalez and Jason R Dahn and Mike Antoni and Robert Malow and Paul Costa and Neil Schneiderman},
journal = {J Psychosom Res},
title = {Personality, quality of life and HAART adherence among men and women living with HIV/AIDS},
abstract = {Very few studies have documented relations between personality traits and quality of life among individuals living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Some have shown that poor perceived quality of life as determined by a sense of purpose may be associated with inadequate adherence to highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART) in this population. Although adequate HAART adherence is critical to achieve the full therapeutic effects of newly and highly effective regimens, very little is known of how both personality factors and HIV-specific quality of life may impact adherence to these medication regimens. This study evaluated relations among personality traits, quality of life and HAART adherence among 116 men and women living with HIV/AIDS. Results showed that personality traits such as neuroticism were significantly associated with poorer quality of life, whereas conscientiousness and extraversion were associated with better quality of life. In contrast, personality traits were not directly related to HAART adherence. Both higher overall functioning and lower medication worries scores were significantly associated with HAART adherence. Findings suggest that personality traits are associated with HIV-specific quality of life on the one hand, and that HIV-specific quality of life is related to HAART adherence on the other. Future studies assessing the efficacy of psychosocial interventions in improving quality of life and HAART adherence should consider the role of personality traits in promoting better quality of life.},
affiliation = {Department of Psychology, University of Miami, P.O. 248185, Coral Gables, FL 33134, USA. fpenedo@miami.edu},
number = {3},
pages = {271--8},
volume = {54},
year = {2003},
month = {Mar},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Adult, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, Antiretroviral Therapy: Highly Active, Middle Aged, Quality of Life, Patient Compliance, Male, Health Status, Humans, Female, Personality},
date-added = {2010-06-26 09:35:54 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-06-26 09:35:54 +0200},
pii = {S0022399902004828},
pmid = {12614837},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Penedo-2003-J%20Psychosom%20Res_Personality%20quality.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p13043},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Finstad:2010p13737,
author = {K Finstad},
journal = {Journal of Usability Studies},
title = {Response Interpolation and Scale
Sensitivity: Evidence Against
5-Point Scales},
abstract = {A series of usability tests was run on two enterprise software applications, followed by verbal administration of the System Usability Scale. The original instrument with its 5-point Likert items was presented, as well as an alternate version modified with 7-point Likert items. Participants in the 5-point scale condition were more likely than those presented with the 7-point scale to interpolate, i.e., attempt a response between two discrete values presented to them. In an applied setting, this implied that electronic radio-button style survey tools using 5-point items might not be accurately measuring participant responses. This finding supported the conclusion that 7-point Likert items provide a more accurate measure of a participant's true evaluation and are more appropriate for electronically-distributed and otherwise unsupervised usability questionnaires.},
number = {3},
pages = {104--110},
volume = {5},
year = {2010},
date-added = {2010-07-24 12:26:39 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-07-24 12:27:54 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Finstad-2010-Journal%20of%20Usability%20Studies_Response%20Interpolati.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p13737},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Bechger:2003ac,
author = {Timo M Bechger and Gunter Maris},
title = {The componential Nedelsky model: A first exploration},
year = {2003},
month = {Mar},
date-added = {2010-01-03 19:39:03 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 20:43:29 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Bechger-2003-_The%20componential%20Ned.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1191},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Knoblauch:2008p5528,
author = {Kenneth Knoblauch and Laurence T Maloney},
journal = {J Vis},
title = {Estimating classification images with generalized linear and additive models},
abstract = {Conventional approaches to modeling classification image data can be described in terms of a standard linear model (LM). We show how the problem can be characterized as a Generalized Linear Model (GLM) with a Bernoulli distribution. We demonstrate via simulation that this approach is more accurate in estimating the underlying template in the absence of internal noise. With increasing internal noise, however, the advantage of the GLM over the LM decreases and GLM is no more accurate than LM. We then introduce the Generalized Additive Model (GAM), an extension of GLM that can be used to estimate smooth classification images adaptively. We show that this approach is more robust to the presence of internal noise, and finally, we demonstrate that GAM is readily adapted to estimation of higher order (nonlinear) classification images and to testing their significance.},
affiliation = {Stem Cell and Brain Research Institute, D{\'e}partement Neurosciences Int{\'e}gratives, Bron, France. ken.knoblauch@inserm.fr},
number = {16},
pages = {10.1--19},
volume = {8},
year = {2008},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Signal Detection: Psychological, Linear Models, Artifacts, Visual Perception, Computer Simulation, Nonlinear Dynamics, Humans, Classification, Vision: Ocular},
date-added = {2010-02-12 15:27:01 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-02-12 15:27:01 +0100},
doi = {10.1167/8.16.10},
pii = {/8/16/10/},
pmid = {19146276},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Knoblauch-2008-J%20Vis_Estimating%20classific.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p5528},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Chan:1996p5903,
author = {J C Chan},
journal = {The Journal of National Chengchi University},
title = {Estimating the latent trait from Lickert-type data: A comparison of factor analysis, item reponse theory, and multidimensional scaling},
pages = {299--320},
volume = {72},
year = {1996},
date-added = {2010-02-18 23:03:18 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-02-18 23:06:37 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Chan-1996-The%20Journal%20of%20National%20Chengchi%20University_Estimating%20the%20laten.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p5903},
rating = {0}
}

@article{McGraw:1996p3195,
author = {K O McGraw and S P Wong},
journal = {Psychological Methods},
title = {Forming Inferences About Some Intraclass Correlation Coefficients},
abstract = {Although intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) are commonly used in behavioral measurement, psychometrics, and behavioral genetics, procedures available for forming inferences about ICCs are not widely known. Following a review of the distinction between various forms of the ICC, this article presents procedures available for calculating confidence intervals and con- ducting tests on ICCs developed using data from one-way and two-way ran- dom and mixed-effect analysis of variance models.},
number = {1},
pages = {30--46},
volume = {1},
year = {1996},
date-added = {2010-01-14 20:53:41 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-14 20:54:29 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/McGraw-1996-Psychological%20Methods_Forming%20Inferences%20A.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p3195},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Lewis:1999p10285,
author = {J A Lewis},
journal = {Stat Med},
title = {Statistical principles for clinical trials (ICH E9): an introductory note on an international guideline},
affiliation = {Medicines Control Agency, Market Towers, 1 Nine Elms Lane, London, SW8 5NQ, U.K.},
number = {15},
pages = {1903--42},
volume = {18},
year = {1999},
month = {Aug},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Japan, United States, International Cooperation, Europe, Humans, Clinical Trials as Topic, Guidelines as Topic},
date-added = {2010-04-02 16:18:48 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-04-02 16:18:48 +0200},
pii = {10.1002/(SICI)1097-0258(19990815)18:15<1903::AID-SIM188>3.0.CO;2-F},
pmid = {10440877},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Lewis-1999-Stat%20Med_Statistical%20principl.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p10285},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Dumenci:2008p5950,
author = {Levent Dumenci and Thomas M Achenbach},
journal = {Psychol Assess},
title = {Effects of estimation methods on making trait-level inferences from ordered categorical items for assessing psychopathology},
abstract = {In assessments of attitudes, personality, and psychopathology, unidimensional scale scores are commonly obtained from Likert scale items to make inferences about individuals' trait levels. This study approached the issue of how best to combine Likert scale items to estimate test scores from the practitioner's perspective: Does it really matter which method is used to estimate a trait? Analyses of 3 data sets indicated that commonly used methods could be classified into 2 groups: methods that explicitly take account of the ordered categorical item distributions (i.e., partial credit and graded response models of item response theory, factor analysis using an asymptotically distribution-free estimator) and methods that do not distinguish Likert-type items from continuously distributed items (i.e., total score, principal component analysis, maximum-likelihood factor analysis). Differences in trait estimates were found to be trivial within each group. Yet the results suggested that inferences about individuals' trait levels differ considerably between the 2 groups. One should therefore choose a method that explicitly takes account of item distributions in estimating unidimensional traits from ordered categorical response formats. Consequences of violating distributional assumptions were discussed.},
affiliation = {Department of Social and Behavioral Health, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA. ldumenci@vcu.edu},
number = {1},
pages = {55--62},
volume = {20},
year = {2008},
month = {Mar},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Adolescent, Personality Assessment, Male, Factor Analysis: Statistical, Statistics as Topic, Age Factors, Mental Disorders, Aged: 80 and over, Middle Aged, Principal Component Analysis, Child, Adult, Psychometrics, Humans, Female, Aged},
date-added = {2010-02-18 23:20:50 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 20:15:47 +0200},
doi = {10.1037/1040-3590.20.1.55},
pii = {2008-02315-006},
pmid = {18315399},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Dumenci-2008-Psychol%20Assess_Effects%20of%20estimatio.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p5950},
rating = {0}
}

@inproceedings{Meade:2004,
author = {A W Meade and J K Ellington and S B Craig},
journal = {Proceedings},
title = {Exploratory Measurement Invariance: A New Method Based on Item Response Theory},
year = {2004},
date-added = {2010-01-10 11:33:19 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-10 11:33:25 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Meade-2004-Proceedings_Exploratory%20Measurem.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p2112},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Posthuma:2005p7211,
author = {D Posthuma and Dorret I Boomsma},
journal = {Behav Genet},
title = {Mx scripts library: structural equation modeling scripts for twin and family data},
abstract = {Structural equation modeling (SEM) provides a flexible tool to carry out genetic analyses of family and twin data. The basic model which decomposes the variance between and within families for a particular trait into genetic and non-genetic components can be generalized to multivariate and/or longitudinal data, incorporate sex differences in parameter estimates, and model the effects of measured environment, candidate genes or DNA marker data. We introduce a web-based library (http://www.psy.vu.nl/mxbib) of scripts for uni- and multivariate genetic epidemiological analyses, as well as for linkage and genetic association tests. The scripts are written to be used with the freely available software package Mx and provide a flexible and uniform approach to the analysis of data from relatives.},
affiliation = {Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Van der Boechorststraat 1, 1081, BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.},
number = {4},
pages = {499--505},
volume = {35},
year = {2005},
month = {Jul},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Multivariate Analysis, Models: Statistical, Twin Studies as Topic, Genetic Markers, Sex Factors, DNA, Software, Inheritance Patterns, Longitudinal Studies, Humans},
date-added = {2010-03-08 19:23:48 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 20:25:51 +0200},
doi = {10.1007/s10519-005-2791-5},
pmid = {15971030},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Posthuma-2005-Behav%20Genet_Mx%20scripts%20library.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p7211},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Feinerer:2008p4273,
author = {I Feinerer and K Hornik and D Meyer},
journal = {Journal of Statistical Software},
title = {Text Mining Infrastructure in R},
abstract = {During the last decade text mining has become a widely used discipline utilizing sta- tistical and machine learning methods. We present the tm package which provides a framework for text mining applications within R. We give a survey on text mining facili- ties in R and explain how typical application tasks can be carried out using our framework. We present techniques for count-based analysis methods, text clustering, text classification and string kernels.},
number = {5},
volume = {25},
year = {2008},
date-added = {2010-01-23 21:44:41 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-23 21:59:48 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Feinerer-2008-Journal%20of%20Statistical%20Software_Text%20Mining%20Infrastr.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p4273},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Levy:2008p1571,
author = {R Levy},
title = {Factors Affecting the Dimension of Best Measurement and Connections with Unidimensional Modeling of Multidimensional Data},
abstract = {When items exhibit multidimensionality, the dimension along which the collection of items
maximally discriminates is the dimension of best measurement. Foundational theoretical results regarding compensatory multidimensionality and the dimension of best measurement are reviewed and served to motivate the current investigations. Key factors of multidimensional data and their influences on the dimension of best measurement are presented and discussed. A theoretical study and a simulation study illustrates these results and investigates the relationship between the dimension of best measurement and the dimension that is estimated when a unidimensional model is fit to the data. The results provide evidence in support of hypotheses regarding (a) factors influencing the dimension of best measurement and (b) the relationship between the dimension of best measurement and the dimension resulting from fitting a unidimensional model. Discussions of implications for practice and future development conclude the paper.},
year = {2008},
date-added = {2010-01-07 16:57:41 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-07 16:58:06 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Levy-2008-_Factors%20Affecting%20th.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1571},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Allen:2006p6470,
author = {Diane D Allen and Mark Wilson},
journal = {Health Educ Res},
title = {Introducing multidimensional item response modeling in health behavior and health education research},
abstract = {When measuring participant-reported attitudes and outcomes in the behavioral sciences, there are many instances when the common measurement assumption of unidimensionality does not hold. In these cases, the application of a multidimensional measurement model is both technically appropriate and potentially advantageous in substance. In this paper, we illustrate the usefulness of a multidimensional approach to measurement using an empirical example taken from the Behavior Change Consortium. Data from the Treatment Self-Regulation Questionnaire have been analyzed to investigate whether self-regulation can be regarded as a single construct, or if it has multiple dimensions based on the type of regulation or motivation that participants say helps them consider an improvement in healthy behavior. Comparison with consecutive analyses shows the advantages of multidimensional measurement for interpreting participant-reported data.},
affiliation = {Graduate School of Education, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.},
pages = {i73--i84},
volume = {21 Suppl 1},
year = {2006},
month = {Dec},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Psychometrics, Research Design, Models: Educational, Health Education, Models: Statistical, Humans, Health Behavior},
date-added = {2010-02-23 08:35:07 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-02-23 08:35:09 +0100},
doi = {10.1093/her/cyl086},
pii = {cyl086},
pmid = {17018769},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Allen-2006-Health%20Educ%20Res_Introducing%20multidim.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p6470},
rating = {4}
}

@article{Savitz:2009p8865,
author = {Jonathan Savitz and Wayne C Drevets},
journal = {Neurosci Biobehav Rev},
title = {Bipolar and major depressive disorder: neuroimaging the developmental-degenerative divide},
abstract = {Both major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder are the subject of a voluminous imaging and genetics literature. Here, we attempt a comprehensive review of MRI and metabolic PET studies conducted to date on these two disorders, and interpret our findings from the perspective of developmental and degenerative models of illness. Elevated activity and volume loss of the hippocampus, orbital and ventral prefrontal cortex are recurrent themes in the literature. In contrast, dorsal aspects of the PFC tend to display hypometabolism. Ventriculomegaly and white matter hyperintensities are intimately associated with depression in elderly populations and likely have a vascular origin. Important confounding influences are medication, phenotypic and genetic heterogeneity, and technological limitations. We suggest that environmental stress and genetic risk variants interact with each other in a complex manner to alter neural circuitry and precipitate illness. Imaging genetic approaches hold out promise for advancing our understanding of affective illness.},
affiliation = {Section on Neuroimaging in Mood and Anxiety Disorders, Mood and Anxiety Disorders Program, National Institute of Mental Health/NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. savitzj@mail.nih.gov},
number = {5},
pages = {699--771},
volume = {33},
year = {2009},
month = {May},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Humans, Depressive Disorder: Major, Brain, Bipolar Disorder, Stress: Psychological, Models: Neurological, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Aging, Positron-Emission Tomography},
date-added = {2010-03-22 12:38:46 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-03-22 12:38:46 +0100},
doi = {10.1016/j.neubiorev.2009.01.004},
pii = {S0149-7634(09)00006-2},
pmid = {19428491},
URL = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6T0J-4VDY81H-2&_user=2432700&_coverDate=05%252F31%252F2009&_rdoc=1&_fmt=high&_orig=search&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_acct=C000057263&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=2432700&md5=3341750edea748f1fa0c600afc11059d},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Savitz-2009-Neurosci%20Biobehav%20Rev_Bipolar%20and%20major%20de.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p8865},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Scharpf:2007p2915,
author = {R B Scharpf and G Parmigiani and J Pevnser and I Ruczinski},
journal = {Johns Hopkins University, Dept. of Biostatistics Working Papers},
title = {A Hidden Markov model for joint estimation of genotype and copy number in high-throughput SNP chips},
abstract = {Amplifications and deletions of chromosomal DNA, as well as copy-neutral loss of heterozygosity have been associated with diseases processes. High-throughput single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays are useful for making genome- wide estimates of copy number and genotype calls. Because neighboring SNPs in high throughput SNP arrays are likely to have dependent copy number and genotype due to the underlying haplotype structure and linkage disequilibrium, hidden Markov models (HMM) may be useful for improving genotype calls and copy number estimates that do not incorporate information from nearby SNPs. We improve previous approaches that utilize a HMM framework for inference in high throughput SNP arrays by integrating copy number, genotype calls, and the corresponding confidence scores when available. Using simulated data, we demonstrate how confidence scores control smoothing in a probabilistic frame- work. Software for fitting HMMs to SNP array data is available in the R package ICE.},
number = {136},
year = {2007},
date-added = {2010-01-13 21:46:04 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-13 21:47:49 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Scharpf-2007-Johns%20Hopkins%20University%20Dept.%20of%20Biostatistics%20Working%20Papers_A%20Hidden%20Markov%20mode.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p2915},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Hoggart:2008p10191,
author = {Clive J Hoggart and John C Whittaker and Maria De Iorio and David J Balding},
journal = {PLoS Genet},
title = {Simultaneous analysis of all SNPs in genome-wide and re-sequencing association studies},
abstract = {Testing one SNP at a time does not fully realise the potential of genome-wide association studies to identify multiple causal variants, which is a plausible scenario for many complex diseases. We show that simultaneous analysis of the entire set of SNPs from a genome-wide study to identify the subset that best predicts disease outcome is now feasible, thanks to developments in stochastic search methods. We used a Bayesian-inspired penalised maximum likelihood approach in which every SNP can be considered for additive, dominant, and recessive contributions to disease risk. Posterior mode estimates were obtained for regression coefficients that were each assigned a prior with a sharp mode at zero. A non-zero coefficient estimate was interpreted as corresponding to a significant SNP. We investigated two prior distributions and show that the normal-exponential-gamma prior leads to improved SNP selection in comparison with single-SNP tests. We also derived an explicit approximation for type-I error that avoids the need to use permutation procedures. As well as genome-wide analyses, our method is well-suited to fine mapping with very dense SNP sets obtained from re-sequencing and/or imputation. It can accommodate quantitative as well as case-control phenotypes, covariate adjustment, and can be extended to search for interactions. Here, we demonstrate the power and empirical type-I error of our approach using simulated case-control data sets of up to 500 K SNPs, a real genome-wide data set of 300 K SNPs, and a sequence-based dataset, each of which can be analysed in a few hours on a desktop workstation.},
affiliation = {Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom. c.hoggart@ic.ac.uk},
number = {7},
pages = {e1000130},
volume = {4},
year = {2008},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Algorithms, Bayes Theorem, Case-Control Studies, Linkage Disequilibrium, Genotype, Software, Physical Chromosome Mapping, Chromosomes: Human, Humans, Polymorphism: Single Nucleotide, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Haplotypes, Computer Simulation, Likelihood Functions, Genome: Human, Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2, Sequence Analysis: DNA, Feasibility Studies},
date-added = {2010-04-01 18:14:50 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-04-01 18:14:50 +0200},
doi = {10.1371/journal.pgen.1000130},
pmid = {18654633},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Hoggart-2008-PLoS%20Genet_Simultaneous%20analysi.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p10191},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Skrondal:2001p7204,
author = {A Skrondal and P Laake},
journal = {Psychometrika},
title = {REGRESSION AMONG FACTOR SCORES},
number = {4},
pages = {563--576},
volume = {66},
year = {2001},
date-added = {2010-03-06 21:22:49 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-03-06 21:23:38 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Skrondal-2001-Psychometrika_REGRESSION%20AMONG%20FAC.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p7204},
rating = {0}
}

@article{dAlcheBuc:2008p4062,
author = {Florence d'Alch{\'e}-Buc and Louis Wehenkel},
journal = {BMC Proc},
title = {Machine learning in systems biology},
abstract = {This supplement contains extended versions of a selected subset of papers presented at the workshop MLSB 2007, Machine Learning in Systems Biology, Evry, France, from September 24 to 25, 2007.},
affiliation = {IBISC CNRS FRE 3190, Universit{\'e} d'Evry-Val d'Essonne, Genopole, Tour Evry II, Evry, France. florence.dalche@ibisc.univ-evry.fr},
pages = {S1},
volume = {2 Suppl 4},
year = {2008},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
date-added = {2010-01-19 15:47:03 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-19 15:47:03 +0100},
pmid = {19091048},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/d'Alch%C3%A9-Buc-2008-BMC%20Proc_Machine%20learning%20in.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p4062},
rating = {0}
}

@article{vandenOord:2000p12582,
author = {E J van den Oord and E Simonoff and L J Eaves and A Pickles and J Silberg and H Maes},
journal = {Behav Genet},
title = {An evaluation of different approaches for behavior genetic analyses with psychiatric symptom scores},
abstract = {We used a simulation study to evaluate six approaches for behavior genetic analyses of psychiatric symptom scores. For the selection of the correct model, the best results were obtained with approaches using transformed scores in combination with a procedure involving p-values. With normalizing transformations, the chi 2 test statistic gave a reasonable impression of the overall fit of the model but was less accurate when used as a difference test. The asymptotic distribution free estimation methods yielded chi 2s that were much too large. All data analysis techniques yielded substantially biased parameter estimates. The most biased results were obtained with normalizing transformations. The least biased results were obtained with tobit correlations, but because of its large standard errors the most precise estimates were obtained with polychoric correlations and optimal scale scores. An empirical study showed that a recognition of the role of methodological factors was helpful to understand part of the differences between assessment instruments, raters, and data analysis techniques that were found in the real data.},
affiliation = {MRC Child Psychiatry Unit, Institute of Psychiatry, London, U.K. E.vandenOord@fss.uu.nl},
number = {1},
pages = {1--18},
volume = {30},
year = {2000},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Genetics: Behavioral, Adolescent, Personality Assessment, Male, Models: Genetic, Adult, Humans, Conduct Disorder, Diseases in Twins, Child, Psychometrics},
date-added = {2010-06-15 22:35:30 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 20:09:06 +0200},
pmid = {10934795},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/van%20den%20Oord-2000-Behav%20Genet_An%20evaluation%20of%20dif.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p12582},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Ao:2005p13191,
author = {S I Ao and Kevin Yip and Michael Ng and David Cheung and Pui-Yee Fong and Ian Melhado and Pak C Sham},
journal = {Bioinformatics},
title = {CLUSTAG: hierarchical clustering and graph methods for selecting tag SNPs},
abstract = { Cluster and set-cover algorithms are developed to obtain a set of tag single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that can represent all the known SNPs in a chromosomal region, subject to the constraint that all SNPs must have a squared correlation R2>C with at least one tag SNP, where C is specified by the user. AVAILABILITY: http://hkumath.hku.hk/web/link/CLUSTAG/CLUSTAG.html CONTACT: mng@maths.hku.hk.},
affiliation = {Department of Mathematics, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.},
number = {8},
pages = {1735--6},
volume = {21},
year = {2005},
month = {Apr},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Polymorphism: Single Nucleotide, Pattern Recognition: Automated, Humans, Expressed Sequence Tags, Genome: Human, Genetics: Population, Algorithms, DNA Mutational Analysis, Chromosome Mapping, Cluster Analysis, Software},
date-added = {2010-07-01 15:25:38 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-07-01 15:25:38 +0200},
doi = {10.1093/bioinformatics/bti201},
pii = {bti201},
pmid = {15585525},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Ao-2005-Bioinformatics_CLUSTAG%20hierarchica.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p13191},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Zhao:2000p10383,
author = {J H Zhao and D Curtis and P C Sham},
journal = {Hum Hered},
title = {Model-free analysis and permutation tests for allelic associations},
abstract = {In this short report, we address some practical problems in performing likelihood-based allelic association analysis of case-control data. Model-free statistics are proposed and their properties assessed by simulation, and procedures based on permutation tests are described for marker-marker as well as marker-disease associations. A memory-efficient algorithm is developed which enables several highly polymorphic markers to be analysed.},
affiliation = {Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, St. Bartholomew's and Royal London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, UK. j.zhao@iop.kcl.ac.uk},
number = {2},
pages = {133--9},
volume = {50},
year = {2000},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Algorithms, Models: Genetic, Software, Genotype, Haplotypes, Alleles},
date-added = {2010-04-02 18:23:07 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-04-02 18:23:07 +0200},
pii = {hhe50133},
pmid = {10799972},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Zhao-2000-Hum%20Hered_Model-free%20analysis.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p10383},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Hanke:2009p4840,
author = {Michael Hanke and Yaroslav O Halchenko and Per B Sederberg and Emanuele Olivetti and Ingo Fr{\"u}nd and Jochem W Rieger and Christoph S Herrmann and James V Haxby and Stephen Jos{\'e} Hanson and Stefan Pollmann},
journal = {Frontiers in neuroinformatics},
title = {PyMVPA: A Unifying Approach to the Analysis of Neuroscientific Data},
abstract = {The Python programming language is steadily increasing in popularity as the language of choice for scientific computing. The ability of this scripting environment to access a huge code base in various languages, combined with its syntactical simplicity, make it the ideal tool for implementing and sharing ideas among scientists from numerous fields and with heterogeneous methodological backgrounds. The recent rise of reciprocal interest between the machine learning (ML) and neuroscience communities is an example of the desire for an inter-disciplinary transfer of computational methods that can benefit from a Python-based framework. For many years, a large fraction of both research communities have addressed, almost independently, very high-dimensional problems with almost completely non-overlapping methods. However, a number of recently published studies that applied ML methods to neuroscience research questions attracted a lot of attention from researchers from both fields, as well as the general public, and showed that this approach can provide novel and fruitful insights into the functioning of the brain. In this article we show how PyMVPA, a specialized Python framework for machine learning based data analysis, can help to facilitate this inter-disciplinary technology transfer by providing a single interface to a wide array of machine learning libraries and neural data-processing methods. We demonstrate the general applicability and power of PyMVPA via analyses of a number of neural data modalities, including fMRI, EEG, MEG, and extracellular recordings.},
affiliation = {Department of Psychology, University of Magdeburg Magdeburg, Germany.},
pages = {3},
volume = {3},
year = {2009},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
date-added = {2010-02-01 20:24:03 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-02-01 20:24:03 +0100},
doi = {10.3389/neuro.11.003.2009},
pmid = {19212459},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Hanke-2009-Frontiers%20in%20neuroinformatics_PyMVPA%20A%20Unifying%20A.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p4840},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Leserman:2002p9539,
author = {J Leserman and J M Petitto and H Gu and B N Gaynes and J Barroso and R N Golden and D O Perkins and J D Folds and D L Evans},
journal = {Psychol Med},
title = {Progression to AIDS, a clinical AIDS condition and mortality: psychosocial and physiological predictors},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: The primary aim of this study is to examine prospectively the association of stressful life events, social support, depressive symptoms, anger, serum cortisol and lymphocyte subsets with changes in multiple measures of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease progression. METHODS: Ninety-six HIV-infected gay men without symptoms or anti-retroviral medication use at baseline were studied every 6 months for up to 9 years. Disease progression was defined in three ways using the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) classifications (e.g. AIDS, clinical AIDS condition and mortality). Cox regression models with time-dependent covariates were used, adjusting for control variables (e.g. race, age, baseline, CD4 T cells and viral load, number of anti-retroviral medications). RESULTS: Higher cumulative average stressful life events and lower cumulative average social support predicted faster progression to both the CDC AIDS classification and a clinical AIDS condition. Higher anger scores and CD8 T cells were associated with faster progression to AIDS, and depressive symptoms were associated with faster development of an AIDS clinical condition. Higher levels of serum cortisol predicted all three measures of disease progression. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that stressful life events, dysphoric mood and limited social support are associated with more rapid clinical progression in HIV infection, with serum cortisol also exerting an independent effect on disease progression.},
affiliation = {Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill 27599-7160, USA.},
number = {6},
pages = {1059--73},
volume = {32},
year = {2002},
month = {Aug},
language = {eng},
keywords = {HIV Infections, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, Prospective Studies, Adult, Homosexuality: Male, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Stress: Psychological, Humans, Life Change Events, Middle Aged, Anger, Depression, Male, Disease Progression, Social Support, Adolescent, Hydrocortisone, Sampling Studies},
date-added = {2010-03-23 20:43:06 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-03-23 20:43:06 +0100},
pmid = {12214787},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p9539},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Patz:2000p2665,
author = {R J Patz and B W Junker and MS Johnson},
title = {The Hierarchical Rater Model for Rated Test Items and its Application to Large-Scale Educational Assessment Data},
abstract = {Single and multiple ratings of test items have become a stock component of standardized ed- ucational tests and surveys. For both formative and summative evaluation of raters, a number of multiple-read rating designs are now commonplace (Wilson and Hoskens, 1999), including designs with as many as six raters per item (e.g. Sykes, Heidorn and Lee, 1999). As digital image based distributed rating becomes commonplace, we expect the use of multiple raters as a routine part of test scoring to grow; increasing the number of raters also raises the possibility of improving the precision of examinee proficiency estimates. In this paper we develop Patz's (1996) hierarchical rater model (HRM) for polytomously scored item response data, and show how it can be used, for example, to scale examinees and items, to model aspects of consen- sus among raters, and to model individual rater severity and consistency effects. The HRM treats examinee responses to open-ended items as unobserved discrete variables, and it explic- itly models the ``proficiency'' of raters in assigning accurate scores as well as the proficiency of examinees in providing correct responses. We show how the HRM ``fits in'' to the generaliz- ability theory framework that has been the traditional analysis tool for rated item response data, and give some relationships between the HRM, the design effects correction of Bock, Brennan and Muraki (1999), and the rater bundles model of Wilson and Hoskens (1999). Using simu- lated data, we compare analyses using the conventional IRT Facets model for rating data (e.g. Linacre, 1989; Engelhard, 1994, 1996) and illustrate parameter recovery for the HRM. We also analyze data from a study of three different rating modalities intended to support a Grade 5 mathematics exam given in the State of Florida (Sykes, Heidorn and Lee, 1999) to show how the HRM can be used to identify individual raters of poor reliability or excessive severity, how standard errors of estimation of examinee scale scores are affected by multiple reads, and how the HRM scales up to rating designs involving large numbers of raters.},
year = {2000},
date-added = {2010-01-12 23:01:05 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-12 23:01:54 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Patz-2000-_The%20Hierarchical%20Rat.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p2665},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Zinbarg:2005,
author = {R E Zinbarg and W Revelle and I Yovel and W Li},
journal = {Psychometrika},
title = {Cronbach's {\$}\alpha{\$}, Revelle's {\$}\beta{\$}, and McDonald's {\$}\omega_H{\$}: Their Relations with Each Other and Two Alternative Conceptualizations of Reliability},
abstract = {We make theoretical comparisons among five coefficients--Cronbach's [alpha], Revelle's [beta], McDonald's [omega][sub h], and two alternative conceptualizations of reliability. Though many end users and psychometricians alike may not distinguish among these five coefficients, we demonstrate formally their nonequivalence. Specifically, whereas there are conditions under which [alpha], [beta], and [omega][sub h] are equivalent to each other and to one of the two conceptualizations of reliability considered here, we show that equality with this conceptualization of reliability and between [alpha] and [omega][sub h] holds only under a highly restrictive set of conditions and that the conditions under which [beta] equals [omega][sub h] are only somewhat more general. The nonequivalence of [alpha], [beta], and [omega][sub h] suggests that important information about the psychometric properties of a scale may be missing when scale developers and users only report [alpha] as is almost always the case.},
number = {1},
pages = {123--133},
volume = {70},
year = {2005},
date-added = {2010-01-03 19:38:21 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-03 19:38:22 +0100},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1145},
read = {Yes},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Schultz:1995,
author = {KF Schultz and I Chalmers and RJ Hayes and Douglas G Altman},
journal = {JAMA},
title = {Empirical evidence of bias: dimensions of methodological quality associated with estimates of treatment effects in controlled trials},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE--To determine if inadequate approaches to randomized controlled trial design and execution are associated with evidence of bias in estimating treatment effects. DESIGN--An observational study in which we assessed the methodological quality of 250 controlled trials from 33 meta-analyses and then analyzed, using multiple logistic regression models, the associations between those assessments and estimated treatment effects. DATA SOURCES--Meta-analyses from the Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Database. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--The associations between estimates of treatment effects and inadequate allocation concealment, exclusions after randomization, and lack of double-blinding. RESULTS--Compared with trials in which authors reported adequately concealed treatment allocation, trials in which concealment was either inadequate or unclear (did not report or incompletely reported a concealment approach) yielded larger estimates of treatment effects (P < .001). Odds ratios were exaggerated by 41% for inadequately concealed trials and by 30% for unclearly concealed trials (adjusted for other aspects of quality). Trials in which participants had been excluded after randomization did not yield larger estimates of effects, but that lack of association may be due to incomplete reporting. Trials that were not double-blind also yielded larger estimates of effects (P = .01), with odds ratios being exaggerated by 17%. CONCLUSIONS--This study provides empirical evidence that inadequate methodological approaches in controlled trials, particularly those representing poor allocation concealment, are associated with bias. Readers of trial reports should be wary of these pitfalls, and investigators must improve their design, execution, and reporting of trials.},
pages = {408--412},
volume = {273},
year = {1995},
date-added = {2010-01-03 19:36:10 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 20:20:56 +0200},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1030},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Poulin:1997p5160,
author = {C Poulin and I Webster and E Single},
journal = {CMAJ},
title = {Alcohol disorders in Canada as indicated by the CAGE questionnaire},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To describe alcohol disorders in the general Canadian population, using as a standard indicator the CAGE questionnaire (Have you felt you needed to cut down on your drinking? Have you felt annoyed by criticism of your drinking? Have you felt guilty about drinking? Have you felt you needed a drink first thing in the morning [eye-opener]?). DESIGN: Secondary analysis of data from Canada's Alcohol and Other Drugs Survey (CADS), a national telephone survey conducted in 1994 of a representative sample of 12,155 people aged 15 years or more. PARTICIPANTS: The CAGE questionnaire was administered to 5894 drinkers who had consumed alcohol in the 12 months before the CADS survey. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Respondents with positive (2 or more affirmative responses) and negative results on the CAGE questionnaire were compared as to demographic characteristics, alcohol consumption and harmful consequences of their drinking. Independent predictors of a positive result were identified by means of logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: A total of 5.8% of CAGE-tested current drinkers had a positive result on the past-year CAGE in 1994. The proportion of respondents reporting alcohol-related problems in one or more areas of their life was 7 times greater among drinkers with a positive result on the CAGE questionnaire than among those with a negative result (66.8% v. 9.5%) (p < 0.0001). When all demographic characteristics were controlled for simultaneously, male sex, residence in the Atlantic provinces, Quebec or the Prairies, single/never married or divorced/separated marital status, and low education level were found to be independent risk factors for a positive result on the CAGE questionnaire. About 85% of the respondents with a positive result had not sought help for their drinking. Applying the estimated sensitivity and specificity of the CAGE questionnaire in detecting alcohol dependence, as per criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, in a general US population, the authors estimated that 4.1% of Canadians had an alcohol dependence in 1994. CONCLUSION: The large proportion of current drinkers with a positive result on the CAGE questionnaire who did not seek help for their drinking underscores the need for identification and brief interventions by physicians. Further research is needed to elucidate the underlying reasons for regional differences in CAGE status.},
affiliation = {Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS. Christiane.Poulin@dal.ca},
number = {11},
pages = {1529--35},
volume = {157},
year = {1997},
month = {Dec},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Humans, Alcohol Drinking, Adult, Female, Questionnaires, Middle Aged, Adolescent, Aged, Chi-Square Distribution, Odds Ratio, Socioeconomic Factors, Prevalence, Logistic Models, Male, Canada, Alcohol-Related Disorders},
date-added = {2010-02-07 12:23:01 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:23:30 +0200},
pmid = {9400407},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Poulin-1997-CMAJ_Alcohol%20disorders%20in.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p5160},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Ratcliff:1993p10818,
author = {R Ratcliff},
journal = {Psychological Bulletin},
title = {Methods for dealing with reaction time outliers},
abstract = {The effect of outliers on reaction time analyses is evaluated. The first section assesses the power of different methods of minimizing the effect of outliers on analysis of variance (ANOVA) and makes recommendations about the use of transformations and cutoffs. The second section examines the effect of outliers and cutoffs on different measures of location, spread, and shape and concludes using quantitative examples that robust measures are much less affected by outliers and cutoffs than measures based on moments. The third section examines fitting explicit distribution functions as a way of recovering means and standard deviations and concludes that unless fitting the distribution function is used as a model of distribution shape, the method is probably not worth routine use.},
affiliation = {Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208.},
number = {3},
pages = {510--32},
volume = {114},
year = {1993},
month = {Nov},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Task Performance and Analysis, Humans, Female, Reaction Time, Male, Analysis of Variance},
date-added = {2010-04-10 03:28:37 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-04-10 03:28:37 +0200},
pmid = {8272468},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Ratcliff-1993-Psychological%20Bulletin_Methods%20for%20dealing.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p10818},
rating = {0}
}

@misc{Lazarevska:2005,
author = {Elena Lazarevska and Jayne M Sholl and Michael Young},
journal = {Miscellaneous},
title = {The distinctive language of terrorists},
year = {2005},
month = {Feb},
date-added = {2010-01-10 11:33:24 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-10 11:33:25 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Lazarevska-2005-Miscellaneous_The%20distinctive%20lang.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p2222},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Irwin:2010p11004,
author = {Debra E Irwin and Brian Stucky and Michelle M Langer and David Thissen and Esi Morgan DeWitt and Jin-Shei Lai and James W Varni and Karin Yeatts and Darren A DeWalt},
journal = {Qual Life Res},
title = {An item response analysis of the pediatric PROMIS anxiety and depressive symptoms scales},
abstract = {PURPOSE: The Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) aims to develop self-reported item banks for clinical research. The PROMIS pediatrics (aged 8-17) project focuses on the development of item banks across several health domains (physical function, pain, fatigue, emotional distress, social role relationships, and asthma symptoms). The psychometric properties of the anxiety and depressive symptom item banks are described. METHODS: Participants (n = 1,529) were recruited in public school settings, hospital-based outpatient and subspecialty pediatrics clinics. The anxiety (k = 18) and depressive symptoms (k = 21) items were split between two test administration forms. Hierarchical confirmatory factor-analytic models (CFA) were conducted to evaluate scale dimensionality and local dependence. IRT analyses were then used to finalize item banks and short forms. RESULTS: CFA results confirmed that anxiety and depressive symptoms are separate constructs and indicative of negative affect. Items with local dependence and DIF were removed resulting in 15 anxiety and 14 depressive symptoms items. The psychometric differences between short forms and simulated computer adaptive tests are presented. CONCLUSIONS: PROMIS pediatric item banks were developed to provide efficient assessment of health-related quality of life domains. This sample provides initial calibrations of anxiety and depressive symptoms item banks and creates PROMIS pediatric instruments, version 1.0.},
affiliation = {Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA. dirwin@email.unc.edu},
number = {4},
pages = {595--607},
volume = {19},
year = {2010},
month = {May},
language = {eng},
date-added = {2010-04-14 06:39:48 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:48:29 +0200},
doi = {10.1007/s11136-010-9619-3},
pmid = {20213516},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Irwin-2010-Qual%20Life%20Res_An%20item%20response%20ana.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p11004},
rating = {5}
}

@article{Campbell:1959p5169,
author = {D T Campbell and D W Fiske},
journal = {Psychological Bulletin},
title = {Convergent and discriminant validation by the multitrait-multimethod matrix},
pages = {81--105},
volume = {56},
year = {1959},
date-added = {2010-02-07 12:34:32 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-02-07 12:35:21 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Campbell-1959-Psychological%20Bulletin_Convergent%20and%20discr.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p5169},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Smoller:2000p1694,
author = {J W Smoller and K L Lunetta and J Robins},
journal = {Am J Med Genet},
title = {Implications of comorbidity and ascertainment bias for identifying disease genes},
abstract = {Comorbidity, the co-occurrence of disorders, is frequently observed to occur at higher rates in clinically ascertained samples than in population-based samples. An explanation for this finding is that subjects suffering from multiple illnesses are more likely to seek medical care and receive a diagnostic evaluation. We refer to the component of the comorbidity between illnesses due to such ascertainment bias as "spurious comorbidity." When spurious comorbidity is present, an apparent association between a candidate locus and the phenotype of interest may actually be attributable to an association between the locus and a comorbid phenotype. This phenomenon, which we call "spurious comorbidity bias," could thus produce misleading association findings. In this article, we describe this phenomenon and demonstrate that it may produce marked bias in the conclusions of family-based association studies. Because of the extremely high rates of comorbidity among psychiatric disorders in clinical samples, this problem may be particularly salient for genetic studies of neuropsychiatric disorders. We conclude that ascertainment bias may contribute to the frequent difficulty in replicating candidate gene study findings in psychiatry. Am. J. Med. Genet. (Neuropsychiatr. Genet.) 96:817-822, 2000.},
affiliation = {Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. jordan_smoller@hms.harvard.edu},
number = {6},
pages = {817--22},
volume = {96},
year = {2000},
month = {Dec},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Comorbidity, Alleles, Models: Genetic, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Phenotype, Penetrance, Depressive Disorder, Humans, Gene Frequency, Bias (Epidemiology)},
date-added = {2010-01-09 18:49:31 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-09 18:49:31 +0100},
pii = {10.1002/1096-8628(20001204)96:6<817::AID-AJMG25>3.0.CO;2-A},
pmid = {11121189},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Smoller-2000-Am%20J%20Med%20Genet_Implications%20of%20como.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1694},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Halperin:2009p4678,
author = {Eran Halperin and Dietrich A Stephan},
journal = {Nat Biotechnol},
title = {SNP imputation in association studies},
affiliation = {International Computer Science Institute, Berkeley, CA, USA.},
number = {4},
pages = {349--51},
volume = {27},
year = {2009},
month = {Apr},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Chromosome Mapping, Genome-Wide Association Study, Polymorphism: Single Nucleotide, Genetic Variation, Models: Genetic},
date-added = {2010-01-30 16:08:05 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-30 16:08:05 +0100},
doi = {10.1038/nbt0409-349},
pii = {nbt0409-349},
pmid = {19352374},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Halperin-2009-Nat%20Biotechnol_SNP%20imputation%20in%20as.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p4678},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Samuelsson:2006p7936,
author = {Stefan Samuelsson and Orvar Finnstr{\"o}m and Olof Flodmark and Per-Olof G{\"a}ddlin and Ingemar Leijon and Marie Wadsby},
journal = {J Pediatr Psychol},
title = {A longitudinal study of reading skills among very-low-birthweight children: is there a catch-up?},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To examine the development of reading skills among very-low-birthweight (VLBW) children and to what extent reading difficulties at 9 years of age persist unchanged, are attenuated, or are enhanced at 15 years of age. METHODS: Fifty-six VLBW and 52 normal birthweight (NBW) children were assessed on word decoding, word recognition, and reading comprehension at 9 and 15 years of age. RESULTS: VLBW children showed deficits in reading skill at 9 years of age, while most differences obtained at 15 years of age did not reach significance. VLBW children improved their reading comprehension between 9 and 15 years of age more than NBW children, and when controlling for individual differences in IQ, VLBW children improved both their reading comprehension and word-recognition skill. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that VLBW children display positive changes over time in reading skills.},
affiliation = {Department of Behavioral Sciences, Link{\"o}ping University, S-581 83 Link{\"o}ping, Sweden. stesa@ibv.liu.se},
number = {9},
pages = {967--77},
volume = {31},
year = {2006},
month = {Oct},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Wechsler Scales, Infant: Very Low Birth Weight, Male, Female, Cognition Disorders, Humans, Child, Dyslexia, Adolescent, Infant: Premature, Infant: Newborn},
date-added = {2010-03-20 19:26:11 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:35:17 +0200},
doi = {10.1093/jpepsy/jsj108},
pii = {jsj108},
pmid = {16510770},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Samuelsson-2006-J%20Pediatr%20Psychol_A%20longitudinal%20study.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p7936},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Goldberg:1993p13974,
author = {L R Goldberg},
journal = {Am Psychol},
title = {The structure of phenotypic personality traits},
abstract = {This personal historical article traces the development of the Big-Five factor structure, whose growing acceptance by personality researchers has profoundly influenced the scientific study of individual differences. The roots of this taxonomy lie in the lexical hypothesis and the insights of Sir Francis Galton, the prescience of L. L. Thurstone, the legacy of Raymond B. Cattell, and the seminal analyses of Tupes and Christal. Paradoxically, the present popularity of this model owes much to its many critics, each of whom tried to replace it, but failed. In reaction, there have been a number of attempts to assimilate other models into the five-factor structure. Lately, some practical implications of the emerging consensus can be seen in such contexts as personnel selection and classification.},
affiliation = {Department of Psychology, University of Oregon.},
number = {1},
pages = {26--34},
volume = {48},
year = {1993},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Temperament, Personality, Personality Tests, Individuality, Humans},
date-added = {2010-07-29 19:06:28 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:06:32 +0200},
pmid = {8427480},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Goldberg-1993-Am%20Psychol_The%20structure%20of%20phe.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p13974},
rating = {4}
}

@article{KovessMasfety:2006p8372,
author = {Viviane Kovess-Masf{\'e}ty and Miguel Xavier and Berta Moreno Kustner and Agnieszka Suchocka and Christine Sevilla-Dedieu and Jacques Dubuis and Elisabeth Lacalmontie and Jacques Pellet and Jean-Luc Roelandt and Dermot Walsh},
journal = {BMC Psychiatry},
title = {Schizophrenia and quality of life: a one-year follow-up in four EU countries},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: This article systematically monitors the quality of life (QOL) of patients with schizophrenia from seven different sites across four European countries: France, Ireland, Portugal and Spain. METHODS: A one-year prospective cohort study was carried out. Inclusion criteria for patients were: a clinical lifetime diagnosis of schizophrenia according to ICD-10 (F20) diagnostic criteria for research, age between 18 and 65 years and at least one contact with mental health services in 1993. Data concerning QOL were recorded in seven sites from four countries: France, Portugal, Ireland and Spain, and were obtained using the Baker and Intagliata scale. At baseline, 339 patients answered the QOL questionnaire. At one-year follow-up, Spain could not participate, so only 263 patients were contacted and 219 agreed to take part. QOL was compared across centres by areas and according to a global index. QOL was correlated with presence of clinical and social problems, needs for care and interventions provided during the one-year follow-up. RESULTS: We did not find any link between gender and QOL. There were some significant differences between centres concerning many items. What is more, these differences were relative: in Lisbon where the lowest level of satisfaction was recorded, people were satisfied with food but highly dissatisfied with finances, whereas in St Etienne, where the highest level of satisfaction was recorded, people were less satisfied with food when they were more satisfied with finances. The evolution in one year among those respondents who took part in the follow-up (excluding the subjects from Granada) showed different patterns depending on the items. CONCLUSION: The four countries have different resources and patients live in rather different conditions. However, the main differences as far as their QOL is concerned very much depend on extra-psychiatric variables, principally marital status and income.},
affiliation = {MGEN Foundation for Public Health, EA 4069 University of Paris 5, 3, square Max Hymans, 75748 Paris Cedex 15, France. vkovess@mgen.fr},
pages = {39},
volume = {6},
year = {2006},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Male, Prospective Studies, Patient Satisfaction, Quality of Life, Europe, Needs Assessment, Female, Schizophrenic Psychology, Marriage, Humans, Schizophrenia, Adult, Income},
date-added = {2010-03-21 13:04:22 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-03-21 13:04:22 +0100},
doi = {10.1186/1471-244X-6-39},
pii = {1471-244X-6-39},
pmid = {16984637},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Kovess-Masf%C3%A9ty-2006-BMC%20Psychiatry_Schizophrenia%20and%20qu.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p8372},
rating = {0}
}

@misc{Huang:2003,
author = {Chun-Wei Huang},
journal = {Miscellaneous},
title = {Psychometric analyses based on evidence-centered design and cognitive science of learning to explore students' problem-solving in physics},
year = {2003},
date-added = {2010-01-10 11:33:24 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-10 11:33:25 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Huang-2003-Miscellaneous_Psychometric%20analyse.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p2204},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Steyerberg:2004p4066,
author = {Ewout W Steyerberg and Gerard J J M Borsboom and Hans C van Houwelingen and Marinus J C Eijkemans and J Dik F Habbema},
journal = {Stat Med},
title = {Validation and updating of predictive logistic regression models: a study on sample size and shrinkage},
abstract = {A logistic regression model may be used to provide predictions of outcome for individual patients at another centre than where the model was developed. When empirical data are available from this centre, the validity of predictions can be assessed by comparing observed outcomes and predicted probabilities. Subsequently, the model may be updated to improve predictions for future patients. As an example, we analysed 30-day mortality after acute myocardial infarction in a large data set (GUSTO-I, n = 40 830). We validated and updated a previously published model from another study (TIMI-II, n = 3339) in validation samples ranging from small (200 patients, 14 deaths) to large (10,000 patients, 700 deaths). Updated models were tested on independent patients. Updating methods included re-calibration (re-estimation of the intercept or slope of the linear predictor) and more structural model revisions (re-estimation of some or all regression coefficients, model extension with more predictors). We applied heuristic shrinkage approaches in the model revision methods, such that regression coefficients were shrunken towards their re-calibrated values. Parsimonious updating methods were found preferable to more extensive model revisions, which should only be attempted with relatively large validation samples in combination with shrinkage.},
affiliation = {Center for Clinical Decision Sciences, Department of Public Health, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. e.steyerberg@erasmusmc.nl},
number = {16},
pages = {2567--86},
volume = {23},
year = {2004},
month = {Aug},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Logistic Models, Reproducibility of Results, Myocardial Infarction, Humans, Sample Size, Multicenter Studies as Topic, Computer Simulation, Data Interpretation: Statistical},
date-added = {2010-01-19 15:48:57 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-19 15:48:57 +0100},
doi = {10.1002/sim.1844},
pmid = {15287085},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Steyerberg-2004-Stat%20Med_Validation%20and%20updat.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p4066},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Day:2009p1298,
author = {Jemma Day and Andrew Ternouth and David A Collier},
journal = {Epidemiol Psichiatr Soc},
title = {Eating disorders and obesity: two sides of the same coin?},
abstract = {The eating disorders anorexia and bulimia nervosa have traditionally been regarded as entirely separate from obesity. Eating disorders have been regarded as Western culture-bound syndromes, arising in societies with excessive emphasis on weight, shape and appearance, and best treated by psychological therapies, in particular cognitive behavioural therapy or family-based interventions. In contrast, obesity has been considered a medical illness with metabolic and genetic origins, and thought to be best treated by mainstream medicine, involving dietary, drug or surgical treatment. We believe that this polarisation is fundamentally flawed, and research and treatment of both types of disorder would be better served by greater appreciation of the psychosocial components of obesity and the biological and genetic components of eating disorders. There are similarities in phenotype (such as excessive attempts at weight control, binge eating behaviours) and in risk factors (such as low self-esteem, external locus of control, childhood abuse and neglect, dieting, media exposure, body image dissatisfaction, weight-related teasing and shared susceptibility genes). One example of shared genetic risk is the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BNDF) gene, in which the valine allele of the Val66Met amino acid polymorphism predisposes to obesity, whereas the methionine allele predisposes to eating disorders. Thus the evidence suggests that these disorders will have both shared and distinct susceptibility factors; some will predispose to both types of disorder, some will push in opposite directions, and some will separate them

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