text:
-_Multiple%20imputation.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1526},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Kramer:2002p4551,
author = {Ludwig Kramer and Edith Bauer and Georg Funk and Harald Hofer and Wolfgang Jessner and Petra Steindl-Munda and Friedrich Wrba and Christian Madl and Alfred Gangl and Peter Ferenci},
journal = {J Hepatol},
title = {Subclinical impairment of brain function in chronic hepatitis C infection},
abstract = {BACKGROUND/AIMS: Central nervous system abnormalities such as fatigue and depression occur more frequently in chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection than in many other causes of chronic liver disease. The finding that fatigue is unrelated to activity of hepatitis or mode of infection could indicate an independent effect of HCV on brain function. This study tested the hypothesis of a subclinical cognitive dysfunction in HCV-infected patients. METHODS: One-hundred untreated HCV-RNA positive biopsy-proven patients were investigated by P300 event-related potentials, a sensitive electrophysiologic test of cognitive processing. Health-related quality of life and fatigue were assessed using the SF-36 questionnaire and the Fatigue Impact Scale, respectively. RESULTS: Cognitive brain function was subclinically impaired in the cohort of HCV-infected patients as indicated by significantly prolonged P300 latencies (P=0.01 for comparison to matched healthy subjects) and reduced P300 amplitudes (P<0.001, respectively). Seventeen of the 100 HCV-infected patients had P300 latencies outside the age-adjusted normal range. Abnormal P300 characteristics were not related to the degree of histologic or biochemical activity of hepatitis, severity of fatigue or mental health impairment. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that patients with HCV infection showed a slight but significant neurocognitive impairment, possibly indicating a further extrahepatic manifestation of chronic hepatitis C.},
affiliation = {Department of Medicine IV, University Hospital Vienna, W{\"a}hringer G{\"u}rtel 18-20, Vienna, Austria. ludwig.kramer@akh-wien.ac.at},
number = {3},
pages = {349--54},
volume = {37},
year = {2002},
month = {Sep},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Hepatitis C: Chronic, Male, Brain Diseases, Female, Liver Cirrhosis, Cognition Disorders, Event-Related Potentials: P300, Aged, Fatigue, Humans, Substance-Related Disorders, Middle Aged, Adult, Alcoholism},
date-added = {2010-01-29 22:29:11 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-29 22:29:11 +0100},
pii = {S0168827802001721},
pmid = {12175630},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p4551},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Coolidge:2004p12583,
author = {Frederick L Coolidge and Linda L Thede and Kerry L Jang},
journal = {Behav Genet},
title = {Are personality disorders psychological manifestations of executive function deficits? Bivariate heritability evidence from a twin study},
abstract = {This study tested whether personality disorders may be the psychological manifestations of executive function deficits by examining their bivariate heritability in a community sample of 314 twins (ages 5-17 years; M age = 9.7; 96 monozygotic pairs and 61 dizygotic pairs). The parents of the twins completed the Coolidge Personality and Neuropsychological Inventory (Coolidge, 1998; Coolidge et al., 2002). Heritability was estimated by structural equation modeling. Executive function deficits and personality disorders were significantly heritable (executive function deficits,.77; 11 out of 12 personality disorders, median =.69). The proportion of the observed correlation attributable to heritable factors or bivariate heritability between executive function deficits and the personality disorder scales ranged from.27 for schizoid to.64 for histrionic. These findings may provide some insight as to why individuals diagnosed with specific personality disorders frequently exhibit chronic difficulties with everyday decisions, selective attention and inhibition, judgments, choices, planning, and flexibility.},
affiliation = {University of Colorado, Colorado Springs, CO 80933-7150, USA. fcoolidg@uccs.edu},
number = {1},
pages = {75--84},
volume = {34},
year = {2004},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Child: Preschool, Statistics as Topic, Comorbidity, Models: Genetic, Twins: Dizygotic, Twins: Monozygotic, Diseases in Twins, Personality Inventory, Problem Solving, Female, Cognition Disorders, Child, Social Environment, Phenotype, Adolescent, Humans, Personality Disorders, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Psychometrics, Male},
date-added = {2010-06-15 22:35:59 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 20:09:06 +0200},
doi = {10.1023/B:BEGE.0000009486.97375.53},
pii = {481117},
pmid = {14739698},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Coolidge-2004-Behav%20Genet_Are%20personality%20diso.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p12583},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Hays:2007p5962,
author = {Ron D Hays and Honghu Liu and Karen Spritzer and David Cella},
journal = {Med Care},
title = {Item response theory analyses of physical functioning items in the medical outcomes study},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Constructing and evaluating item pools that measure a single domain of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is one of the fundamental objectives of the Patient Reported Outcome Measurement and Information System (PROMIS) project. The initial focus of PROMIS is on 5 HRQOL domains: physical function, fatigue, pain, emotional distress, and social/role participation. Analysis of related, available data can inform construction of these new banks. OBJECTIVE: We sought to inform the building of the PROMIS physical function item bank by evaluating physical functioning items administered to participants in the Medical Outcomes Study. RESEARCH DESIGN: Secondary analyses of physical functioning items administered at baseline (Fall, 1986) to 3223 individuals in the Medical Outcomes Study. SUBJECTS: The mean age of participants was 54 years old; 15% had less than a high school education, 30% had a high school education, 27% had some but <4 years of college, and 28% had 4 or more years of college. Sixty-one percent were female; 80% were non-Hispanic white, 14% non-Hispanic black, 3% Hispanic, 1% Asian, and 2% other race/ethnicity. MEASURES: Fifteen physical functioning items were selected for analyses including the 10 SF-36 physical functioning items, an item assessing limitations in everyday physical activities because of health problems, an item measuring satisfaction with physical ability, and 3 mobility items. RESULTS: Cronbach's alpha was 0.94 for the 15-item scale and item-total correlations ranged from 0.51 (limited in bathing or dressing) to 0.80 (limited walking several blocks). A one-factor confirmatory categorical model fit the data well according to practical fit indices (comparative fit index = 0.95), but the Root Mean Square Error of Approximation was 0.12. Estimated factor loadings were all large (0.72 to 0.96) and statistically significant. We fit the graded response model with freely estimated and fixed slope estimates to compare 2-PL and 1-PL models. The difference between these 2 goodness of fit statistics for the 2 models was statistically significant: chi (df = 14) = 772.9, P < 0.001. Slope estimates for some of the items in the 2-PL model varied from the 1-PL common slope to a noteworthy extent (eg, items 2, 5, 7, 8, and 9). Category threshold estimates generally were similar for the 2 models. Threshold estimates for the 2-PL model ranged from -2.90 (item 14: between no, never, and yes, occasionally in bed or in a chair most or all of the day because of health) to 1.55 (item 12: between very satisfied and completely satisfied with physical ability to do what you want to do). Information peaked at -1.0 theta (information = 33.60) for the 2-PL model. Information was only 7.43 at 0.8 theta (2-PL) and decreased with increasing theta. CONCLUSIONS: The 15 physical functioning items provide reasonably good fit to a unidimensional item response theory model that provides satisfactory coverage of the lower levels of physical functioning but does not provide very much information at higher levels of functioning.},
affiliation = {UCLA Division of General Internal Medicine {\&} Health Services Research, Los Angeles, California 90024, USA. drhays@ucla.edu},
number = {5 Suppl 1},
pages = {S32--8},
volume = {45},
year = {2007},
month = {May},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Models: Theoretical, Outcome Assessment (Health Care), Humans, United States, Questionnaires, Male, Activities of Daily Living, Female, Health Status, Chronic Disease, Middle Aged},
date-added = {2010-02-18 23:28:33 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:39:29 +0200},
doi = {10.1097/01.mlr.0000246649.43232.82},
pii = {00005650-200705001-00005},
pmid = {17443117},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Hays-2007-Med%20Care_Item%20response%20theory.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p5962},
rating = {5}
}

@article{Fort:2005p338,
author = {Gersende Fort and Sophie Lambert-Lacroix},
journal = {Bioinformatics},
title = {Classification using partial least squares with penalized logistic regression},
abstract = {MOTIVATION: One important aspect of data-mining of microarray data is to discover the molecular variation among cancers. In microarray studies, the number n of samples is relatively small compared to the number p of genes per sample (usually in thousands). It is known that standard statistical methods in classification are efficient (i.e. in the present case, yield successful classifiers) particularly when n is (far) larger than p. This naturally calls for the use of a dimension reduction procedure together with the classification one. RESULTS: In this paper, the question of classification in such a high-dimensional setting is addressed. We view the classification problem as a regression one with few observations and many predictor variables. We propose a new method combining partial least squares (PLS) and Ridge penalized logistic regression. We review the existing methods based on PLS and/or penalized likelihood techniques, outline their interest in some cases and theoretically explain their sometimes poor behavior. Our procedure is compared with these other classifiers. The predictive performance of the resulting classification rule is illustrated on three data sets: Leukemia, Colon and Prostate.},
affiliation = {CNRS/LMC-IMAG BP 53, 38041 Grenoble cedex 9, France.},
number = {7},
pages = {1104--11},
volume = {21},
year = {2005},
month = {Apr},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Humans, Diagnosis: Computer-Assisted, Sensitivity and Specificity, Models: Genetic, Regression Analysis, Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis, Least-Squares Analysis, Neoplasm Proteins, Reproducibility of Results, Tumor Markers: Biological, Pattern Recognition: Automated, Algorithms, Neoplasms, Gene Expression Profiling, Models: Statistical},
date-added = {2010-01-03 11:45:24 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-03 11:45:24 +0100},
doi = {10.1093/bioinformatics/bti114},
pii = {bti114},
pmid = {15531609},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p338},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Abbott:1988p9736,
author = {A V Abbott and R K Peters and M E Vogel},
journal = {Psychosom Med},
title = {Temporal stability and overlap of behavioral and questionnaire assessments of type A behavior in coronary patients},
abstract = {To examine the temporal stability of the Type A behavior pattern (TABP) after a cardiac event, both a Videotaped Clinical Interview (VCI) (formerly known as the Videotaped Structured Interview) and the Jenkins Activity Survey (JAS) were administered to 81 male and 19 female patients three times during the first year after hospitalization for an initial myocardial infarction, coronary artery bypass graft, or both. There was no intervention other than the usual treatment provided by the medical care system. The test-retest reliability coefficients were moderately high for all measures of TABP. The JAS provided the most reliable scores in both sexes. The Hard Driving and Competitive component of the JAS decreased significantly throughout the year in both men (p less than 0.001) and women (p less than 0.01), but in men all three overall indices of TABP and their components (other than Hard Driving and Competitive) decreased spontaneously between 1 and 3 months, and then increased again by 1 year to nearly the original levels. In women, there were no consistent changes over time among the indices other than that for the Hard Driving and Competitive component of the JAS. Intercorrelations among the indices demonstrate the failure of the JAS to assess the Hostility component of the TABP and the possibility that the Speed and Impatience subscale of the JAS measures different things in men and women. The newest method of scoring the VCI appeared to provide the best index for measuring TABP in male coronary patients, while the original scoring was more reliable for women.},
affiliation = {Department of Family Medicine, University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles 90033.},
number = {2},
pages = {123--38},
volume = {50},
year = {1988},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Aged, Adult, Middle Aged, Psychometrics, Type A Personality, Male, Coronary Disease, Female, Coronary Artery Bypass, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Postoperative Complications, Personality Tests, Aged: 80 and over},
date-added = {2010-03-25 15:18:09 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:47:44 +0200},
pmid = {3259703},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Abbott-1988-Psychosom%20Med_Temporal%20stability%20a.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p9736},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Montana:2005p14038,
author = {Giovanni Montana},
journal = {Bioinformatics},
title = {HapSim: a simulation tool for generating haplotype data with pre-specified allele frequencies and LD coefficients},
abstract = {We have developed a simulation tool HapSim for the generation of haplotype data. The simulated haplotypes are such that their allele frequencies and linkage disequilibrium coefficients match exactly those estimated in a real sample. AVAILABILITY: The program is available as an R package and can be downloaded from http://cran.r-project.org/.},
affiliation = {Department of Mathematics, Imperial College London, UK. g.montana@imperial.ac.uk},
number = {23},
pages = {4309--11},
volume = {21},
year = {2005},
month = {Dec},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Linkage (Genetics), Algorithms, Humans, Gene Frequency, Computer Graphics, Genetic Markers, Alleles, DNA, Sequence Analysis: DNA, Polymorphism: Genetic, Chromosome Mapping, Linkage Disequilibrium, Computer Simulation, Software, Computational Biology, Models: Genetic, Haplotypes, Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A},
date-added = {2010-08-10 12:34:50 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-08-10 12:34:50 +0200},
doi = {10.1093/bioinformatics/bti689},
pii = {bti689},
pmid = {16188927},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Montana-2005-Bioinformatics_HapSim%20a%20simulation.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p14038},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Riikonen:2001p6115,
author = {R Riikonen},
journal = {Brain Dev},
title = {Long-term outcome of patients with West syndrome},
abstract = {The long-term outcome of Finnish children with West syndrome was evaluated. Two hundred and fourteen patients were followed up for 20-35 years or until death. A third of the patients died before the age of 3 years. The most common cause of death was infection. Autopsy revealed brain anomalies in 25 of 38 (66%) autopsied patients. Intellectual outcome was normal or slightly impaired in a quarter of the patients. All of them completed their education at a normal school or in a school for the educationally impaired children. Another fourth were taught in special training schools. Specific cognitive deficits were seen in some patients with normal intelligence. Nine attended secondary schools and seven of them had a professional occupation. Ten were married and five had children. One third of the patients were seizure-free, another third had seizures daily or monthly, and the remaining patients had seizures less frequently. Factors associated with a good prognosis were cryptogenic etiology, normal development before the onset of the spasms, a short treatment lag, and a good response to adrenocorticotropic hormone; this was seen in both the symptomatic and the cryptogenic group, and there were no relapses. In this study, the late appearance of focal abnormalities in electroencephalography was not associated with an unfavorable outcome. Focal abnormalities in temporal region were often seen in patients with autism. The location of an abnormality may be of importance for the prognosis. In this study, all the patients (100%) could be followed, which may be due to the special circumstances characteristic of Finland. The outcome in children with West syndrome seems to be better than is generally believed.},
affiliation = {Department of Child Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, P.O. Box 1777, 70211 Kuopio, Finland.raili.riikonen@uku.fi},
number = {7},
pages = {683--7},
volume = {23},
year = {2001},
month = {Nov},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Finland, Survival Analysis, Treatment Outcome, Cause of Death, Spasms: Infantile, Adrenocorticotropic Hormone, Child, Infant, Adult, Humans},
date-added = {2010-02-19 17:07:30 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-02-19 17:07:30 +0100},
pii = {S0387760401003072},
pmid = {11701277},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p6115},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Menze:2009p14306,
author = {Bjoern H Menze and B Michael Kelm and Ralf Masuch and Uwe Himmelreich and Peter Bachert and Wolfgang Petrich and Fred A Hamprecht},
journal = {BMC Bioinformatics},
title = {A comparison of random forest and its Gini importance with standard chemometric methods for the feature selection and classification of spectral data},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Regularized regression methods such as principal component or partial least squares regression perform well in learning tasks on high dimensional spectral data, but cannot explicitly eliminate irrelevant features. The random forest classifier with its associated Gini feature importance, on the other hand, allows for an explicit feature elimination, but may not be optimally adapted to spectral data due to the topology of its constituent classification trees which are based on orthogonal splits in feature space. RESULTS: We propose to combine the best of both approaches, and evaluated the joint use of a feature selection based on a recursive feature elimination using the Gini importance of random forests' together with regularized classification methods on spectral data sets from medical diagnostics, chemotaxonomy, biomedical analytics, food science, and synthetically modified spectral data. Here, a feature selection using the Gini feature importance with a regularized classification by discriminant partial least squares regression performed as well as or better than a filtering according to different univariate statistical tests, or using regression coefficients in a backward feature elimination. It outperformed the direct application of the random forest classifier, or the direct application of the regularized classifiers on the full set of features. CONCLUSION: The Gini importance of the random forest provided superior means for measuring feature relevance on spectral data, but - on an optimal subset of features - the regularized classifiers might be preferable over the random forest classifier, in spite of their limitation to model linear dependencies only. A feature selection based on Gini importance, however, may precede a regularized linear classification to identify this optimal subset of features, and to earn a double benefit of both dimensionality reduction and the elimination of noise from the classification task.},
affiliation = {Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing (IWR), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany. bjoern.menze@iwr.uni-heidelberg.de},
pages = {213},
volume = {10},
year = {2009},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Spectrophotometry: Infrared, Regression Analysis, Pattern Recognition: Automated, Models: Statistical, Computational Biology, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Classification},
date-added = {2010-08-24 14:27:07 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-08-24 14:27:08 +0200},
doi = {10.1186/1471-2105-10-213},
pii = {1471-2105-10-213},
pmid = {19591666},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Menze-2009-BMC%20Bioinformatics_A%20comparison%20of%20rand.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p14306},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Lystig:2003p4027,
author = {Theodore C Lystig},
journal = {Genetics},
title = {Adjusted P values for genome-wide scans},
abstract = {Genome-wide scans for quantitative trait loci (QTL) have traditionally been summarized with plots of logarithm of odds (LOD) scores. A valuable modification is to supplement such plots with an additional vertical axis displaying quantiles of adjusted P values and labeling local maxima of the LOD scores with location-specific adjusted P values. This provides a visible gradation of genome-wide significance for the LOD score curve, instead of the stark dichotomy that a single threshold yields. Adjusted P values give genome-wide significance of individual LOD scores and are obtained through a straightforward modification of the familiar algorithm for generating permutation-based thresholds.},
affiliation = {Department of Mathematical Statistics, Chalmers University of Technology, Eklandagatan 86, 412 96 G{\"o}teborg, Sweden. lystig@math.chalmers.se},
number = {4},
pages = {1683--7},
volume = {164},
year = {2003},
month = {Aug},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Computer Simulation, Genetic Variation, Rats, Animals, Chromosome Mapping, Quantitative Trait: Heritable, Probability, Crosses: Genetic, Epistasis: Genetic, Lod Score, Algorithms, Genome, Chromosomes, Genetic Markers},
date-added = {2010-01-19 08:23:18 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-19 08:23:18 +0100},
pmid = {12930772},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Lystig-2003-Genetics_Adjusted%20P%20values%20fo.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p4027},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Abdi:2009p11864,
author = {Herv{\'e} Abdi and Joseph P Dunlop and Lynne J Williams},
journal = {Neuroimage},
title = {How to compute reliability estimates and display confidence and tolerance intervals for pattern classifiers using the Bootstrap and 3-way multidimensional scaling (DISTATIS)},
abstract = {When used to analyze brain imaging data, pattern classifiers typically produce results that can be interpreted as a measure of discriminability or as a distance between some experimental categories. These results can be analyzed with techniques such as multidimensional scaling (MDS), which represent the experimental categories as points on a map. While such a map reveals the configuration of the categories, it does not provide a reliability estimate of the position of the experimental categories, and therefore cannot be used for inferential purposes. In this paper, we present a procedure that provides reliability estimates for pattern classifiers. This procedure combines bootstrap estimation (to estimate the variability of the experimental conditions) and a new 3-way extension of MDS, called DISTATIS, that can be used to integrate the distance matrices generated by the bootstrap procedure and to represent the results as MDS-like maps. Reliability estimates are expressed as (1) tolerance intervals which reflect the accuracy of the assignment of scans to experimental categories and as (2) confidence intervals which generalize standard hypothesis testing. When more than two categories are involved in the application of a pattern classifier, the use of confidence intervals for null hypothesis testing inflates Type I error. We address this problem with a Bonferonni-like correction. Our methodology is illustrated with the results of a pattern classifier described by O'Toole et al. (O'Toole, A., Jiang, F., Abdi, H., Haxby, J., 2005. Partially distributed representations of objects and faces in ventral temporal cortex. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 17, 580-590) who re-analyzed data originally collected by Haxby et al. (Haxby, J., Gobbini, M., Furey, M., Ishai, A., Schouten, J., Pietrini, P., 2001. Distributed and overlapping representation of faces and objects in ventral temporal cortex. Science 293, 2425-2430).},
affiliation = {The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, 75080-3021, USA. herve@utdallas.edu},
number = {1},
pages = {89--95},
volume = {45},
year = {2009},
month = {Mar},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Artificial Intelligence, Brain Mapping, Sensitivity and Specificity, Image Enhancement, Pattern Recognition: Automated, Image Interpretation: Computer-Assisted, Imaging: Three-Dimensional, Evoked Potentials, Humans, Algorithms, Reproducibility of Results, Brain, Magnetic Resonance Imaging},
date-added = {2010-05-23 11:48:15 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 20:14:08 +0200},
doi = {10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.11.008},
pii = {S1053-8119(08)01208-1},
pmid = {19084072},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Abdi-2009-Neuroimage_How%20to%20compute%20relia.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p11864},
rating = {4}
}

@article{Goodman:2003p863,
author = {Robert Goodman and Julia Gledhill and Tamsin Ford},
journal = {BMJ},
title = {Child psychiatric disorder and relative age within school year: cross sectional survey of large population sample},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that younger children in a school year are at greater risk of emotional and behavioural problems. DESIGN: Cross sectional survey. SETTING: Community sample from England, Scotland, and Wales. PARTICIPANTS: 10 438 British 5-15 year olds. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Total symptom scores on psychopathology questionnaires completed by parents, teachers, and 11-15 year olds; psychiatric diagnoses based on a clinical review of detailed interview data. RESULTS: Younger children in a school year were significantly more likely to have higher symptom scores and psychiatric disorder. The adjusted regression coefficients for relative age were 0.51 (95% confidence interval 0.36 to 0.65, P < 0.0001) according to teacher report and 0.35 (0.23 to 0.47, P = 0.0001) for parental report. The adjusted odds ratio for psychiatric diagnoses for decreasing relative age was 1.14 (1.03 to 1.25, P = 0.009). The effect was evident across different measures, raters, and age bands. Cross national comparisons supported a "relative age" explanation based on the disadvantages of immaturity rather than a "season of birth" explanation based on seasonal variation in biological risk. CONCLUSIONS: The younger children in a school year are at slightly greater psychiatric risk than older children. Increased awareness by teachers of the relative age of their pupils and a more flexible approach to children's progression through school might reduce the number of children with impairing psychiatric disorders in the general population.},
affiliation = {Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London SE5 8AF. r.goodman@iop.kcl.ac.uk},
number = {7413},
pages = {472},
volume = {327},
year = {2003},
month = {Aug},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Cross-Sectional Studies, Great Britain, Risk Factors, Odds Ratio, Child: Preschool, Child, Adolescent, Child Behavior Disorders, Humans, Age Factors, Affective Symptoms, Multivariate Analysis},
date-added = {2010-01-03 18:05:23 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-03 18:05:23 +0100},
doi = {10.1136/bmj.327.7413.472},
pii = {327/7413/472},
pmid = {12946967},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Goodman-2003-BMJ_Child%20psychiatric%20di.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p863},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Solans:2008p7948,
author = {Maite Solans and Sabrina Pane and Maria-Dolors Estrada and Vicky Serra-Sutton and Silvina Berra and Michael Herdman and Jordi Alonso and Luis Rajmil},
journal = {Value Health},
title = {Health-related quality of life measurement in children and adolescents: a systematic review of generic and disease-specific instruments},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To identify currently available generic and disease-specific health-related quality of life (HRQOL) instruments for children and adolescents up to 19 years old, to describe their content, and to review their psychometric properties. STUDY DESIGN: Previous reviews on the subject and a new literature review from 2001 to December 2006 (MEDLINE, the ISI Science Citation Index, HealthSTAR and PsycLit) were used to identify measures of HRQOL for children and adolescents. The characteristics (country of origin, age range, type of respondent, number of dimensions and items, name of the dimensions and condition) and psychometric properties (reliability, validity, and sensitivity to change) of the instruments were assessed following international guidelines published by the Scientific Committee of the Medical Outcomes Trust. RESULTS: In total, 30 generic and 64 disease-specific instruments were identified, 51 of which were published between 2001 and 2005. Many generic measures cover a core set of basic concepts related to physical, mental and social health, although the number and name of dimensions varies substantially. The lower age limit for self-reported instruments was 5-6 years old. Generic measures developed recently focused on both child self-report and parent-proxy report, although 26% of the disease-specific questionnaires were exclusively addressed to proxy-respondents. Most questionnaires had tested internal consistency (67%) and to a lesser extent test-retest stability (44.7%). Most questionnaires reported construct validity, but few instruments analyzed criterion validity (n = 5), structural validity (n = 15) or sensitivity to change (n = 14). CONCLUSIONS: The development of HRQOL instruments for children and adolescents has continued apace in recent years, particularly with regard to disease-specific questionnaires. Many of the instruments meet accepted standards for psychometric properties, although instrument developers should include children from the beginning of the development process and need to pay particular attention to testing sensitivity to change.},
affiliation = {Agency for Quality, Research and Assessment in Health (AQuRAHealth), formerly Catalan Agency for Health Technology Assessment and Research, Barcelona, Spain.},
number = {4},
pages = {742--64},
volume = {11},
year = {2008},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Quality of Life, Humans, Child, Adolescent, Infant, Sickness Impact Profile, Infant: Newborn, Questionnaires, Child: Preschool},
date-added = {2010-03-20 19:30:44 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-03-21 21:22:39 +0100},
doi = {10.1111/j.1524-4733.2007.00293.x},
pii = {VHE293},
pmid = {18179668},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Solans-2008-Value%20Health_Health-related%20quali.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p7948},
rating = {5}
}

@article{Humphrey:2006p10993,
author = {Ayla Humphrey and Brian G R Neville and Antonia Clarke and Patrick F Bolton},
journal = {Dev Med Child Neurol},
title = {Autistic regression associated with seizure onset in an infant with tuberous sclerosis},
abstract = {We report here on a male diagnosed with tuberous sclerosis at 6 months of age. The child was treated with vigabatrin at age 6 months after an abnormal electroencephalogram but before onset of seizures. Vigabatrin was discontinued at age 13 months to avoid possible visual field defects. At 21 months, the child developed partial seizures with secondary generalization and infantile spasms. Standardized developmental assessments were performed at 12, 18, 24, 30, and 36 months of age. Cognitive and social development were normal until age 21 months and the onset of seizures. When assessed at 24 months, the child met criteria for autism and learning disability. This case indicates that the onset of epilepsy during an early stage in brain development can be associated with autistic regression and persistent developmental disorder. The case suggests the need to consider if possible visual field defects with vigabatrin outweigh the potentially deleterious effects of uncontrolled seizures.},
affiliation = {Developmental Psychiatry Section, University of Cambridge, UK. ah290@cam.ac.uk},
number = {7},
pages = {609--11},
volume = {48},
year = {2006},
month = {Jul},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Tuberous Sclerosis, Male, Regression (Psychology), Epilepsy, Developmental Disabilities, Treatment Outcome, Autistic Disorder, Infant, Vigabatrin, Anticonvulsants, Visual Fields, Humans, Seizures},
date-added = {2010-04-13 16:28:55 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-04-13 16:28:55 +0200},
doi = {10.1017/S0012162206001277},
pii = {S0012162206001277},
pmid = {16780633},
URL = {http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/118559141/abstract},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Humphrey-2006-Developmental%20medicine%20and%20child%20neurology_Autistic%20regression.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p10993},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Doig:2006,
author = {B Doig and S Groves},
journal = {Mathematics Education Research Journal},
title = {Easier Analysis and Better Reporting: Modelling Ordinal Data in MEducation Research},
number = {2},
pages = {56--76},
volume = {18},
year = {2006},
date-added = {2010-01-10 11:33:20 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:39:10 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Doig-2006-Mathematics%20Education%20Research%20Journal_Easier%20Analysis%20and.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1990},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Basiaux:2001p10137,
author = {P Basiaux and O le Bon and M Dramaix and I Massat and D Souery and J Mendlewicz and I Pelc and P Verbanck},
journal = {Alcohol Alcohol},
title = {Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) personality profile and sub-typing in alcoholic patients: a controlled study},
abstract = {Cloninger's Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) personality profile was used to compare alcohol-dependent patients with non-psychiatric control subjects, and a search made for sub-types of alcoholics with different TCI profiles, using the criteria age of onset of alcohol-related problems, paternal dependence on alcohol and familial antecedents of alcohol dependence. Alcohol-dependent patients (n = 38) were characterized by higher Novelty-Seeking [corresponding to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th edition) group B personality type] and lower Self-Directedness than non-psychiatric control subjects (n = 47). Lower Self-Directedness indicates a higher probability of personality disorder in the alcohol-dependent population. Only age of onset of alcohol-related problems delineated the two sub-populations with different TCI profiles: early-onset alcoholics (< or =25 years of age, n = 19), but not late-onset ones (n = 16), in comparison with control subjects, were associated with higher Novelty-Seeking. Both early and late-onset patients scored lower on Self-Directedness than control subjects. Self-Directedness and Cooperation scores were lower in early-onset than in late-onset patients. These results in part support Cloninger's typology, and the TCI data add to evidence concerning a higher probability of personality disorder in alcohol-dependent patients, particularly those with early-onset.},
affiliation = {Free University of Brussels, Brugmann University Hospital, Psychiatry and Medical Psychology Department, Place Van Gehuchten 4, 1020 Brussels, Belgium.},
number = {6},
pages = {584--7},
volume = {36},
year = {2001},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Personality Inventory, Adult, Severity of Illness Index, Exploratory Behavior, Temperament, Female, Personality Disorders, Humans, Male, Alcoholism},
date-added = {2010-03-31 20:39:42 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:12:56 +0200},
pmid = {11704626},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Basiaux-2001-Alcohol%20Alcohol_Temperament%20and%20Char.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p10137},
rating = {4}
}

@article{Conrad:2009p10189,
author = {Donald F Conrad and Dalila Pinto and Richard Redon and Lars Feuk and Omer Gokcumen and Yujun Zhang and Jan Aerts and T Daniel Andrews and Chris Barnes and Peter Campbell and Tomas Fitzgerald and Min Hu and Chun Hwa Ihm and Kati Kristiansson and Daniel G Macarthur and Jeffrey R Macdonald and Ifejinelo Onyiah and Andy Wing Chun Pang and Sam Robson and Kathy Stirrups and Armand Valsesia and Klaudia Walter and John Wei and The Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium and Chris Tyler-Smith and Nigel P Carter and Charles Lee and Stephen W Scherer and Matthew E Hurles},
journal = {Nature},
title = {Origins and functional impact of copy number variation in the human genome},
abstract = {Structural variations of DNA greater than 1 kilobase in size account for most bases that vary among human genomes, but are still relatively under-ascertained. Here we use tiling oligonucleotide microarrays, comprising 42 million probes, to generate a comprehensive map of 11,700 copy number variations (CNVs) greater than 443 base pairs, of which most (8,599) have been validated independently. For 4,978 of these CNVs, we generated reference genotypes from 450 individuals of European, African or East Asian ancestry. The predominant mutational mechanisms differ among CNV size classes. Retrotransposition has duplicated and inserted some coding and non-coding DNA segments randomly around the genome. Furthermore, by correlation with known trait-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), we identified 30 loci with CNVs that are candidates for influencing disease susceptibility. Despite this, having assessed the completeness of our map and the patterns of linkage disequilibrium between CNVs and SNPs, we conclude that, for complex traits, the heritability void left by genome-wide association studies will not be accounted for by common CNVs.},
affiliation = {[1] The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA UK [2] These authors contributed equally to this work.},
pages = {},
year = {2009},
month = {Oct},
language = {ENG},
date-added = {2010-04-01 11:41:10 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-04-01 11:41:11 +0200},
doi = {10.1038/nature08516},
pii = {nature08516},
pmid = {19812545},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Conrad-2009-Nature_Origins%20and%20function.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p10189},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Jacob:2009p9055,
author = {Christian P Jacob and Thuy Trang Nguyen and Astrid Dempfle and Monika Heine and Christine Windemuth-Kieselbach and Katarina Baumann and Florian Jacob and Julian Prechtl and Maike Wittlich and Martin J Herrmann and Silke Gross-Lesch and Klaus-Peter Lesch and Andreas Reif},
journal = {European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience},
title = {A gene-environment investigation on personality traits in two independent clinical sets of adult patients with personality disorder and attention deficit/hyperactive disorder},
abstract = {While an interactive effect of genes with adverse life events is increasingly appreciated in current concepts of depression etiology, no data are presently available on interactions between genetic and environmental (G x E) factors with respect to personality and related disorders. The present study therefore aimed to detect main effects as well as interactions of serotonergic candidate genes (coding for the serotonin transporter, 5-HTT; the serotonin autoreceptor, HTR1A; and the enzyme which synthesizes serotonin in the brain, TPH2) with the burden of life events ({\#}LE) in two independent samples consisting of 183 patients suffering from personality disorders and 123 patients suffering from adult attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (aADHD). Simple analyses ignoring possible G x E interactions revealed no evidence for associations of either {\#}LE or of the considered polymorphisms in 5-HTT and TPH2. Only the G allele of HTR1A rs6295 seemed to increase the risk of emotional-dramatic cluster B personality disorders (p = 0.019, in the personality disorder sample) and to decrease the risk of anxious-fearful cluster C personality disorders (p = 0.016, in the aADHD sample). We extended the initial simple model by taking a G x E interaction term into account, since this approach may better fit the data indicating that the effect of a gene is modified by stressful life events or, vice versa, that stressful life events only have an effect in the presence of a susceptibility genotype. By doing so, we observed nominal evidence for G x E effects as well as main effects of 5-HTT-LPR and the TPH2 SNP rs4570625 on the occurrence of personality disorders. Further replication studies, however, are necessary to validate the apparent complexity of G x E interactions in disorders of human personality.},
affiliation = {Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Clinical and Molecular Psychobiology, University of W{\"u}rzburg, F{\"u}chsleinstrasse 15, 97080, W{\"u}rzburg, Germany, psychpol@mail.uni-wuerzburg.de.},
pages = {},
year = {2009},
month = {Nov},
language = {ENG},
date-added = {2010-03-22 13:17:46 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-03-22 13:17:46 +0100},
doi = {10.1007/s00406-009-0079-0},
pmid = {19894072},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Jacob-2009-European%20archives%20of%20psychiatry%20and%20clinical%20neuroscience_A%20gene-environment%20i.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p9055},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Flieller:1994p2676,
author = {A Flieller},
journal = {Math{\'e}matiques {\&} Sciences Humaines},
title = {M{\'e}thodes d'{\'e}tude de l'ad{\'e}quation au mod{\`e}le logistique {\`a} un param{\`e}tre (mod{\`e}le de Rasch)},
pages = {19--47},
volume = {127},
year = {1994},
date-added = {2010-01-13 09:35:28 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:39:20 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Flieller-1994-Math%C3%A9matiques%20&%20Sciences%20Humaines_M%C3%A9thodes%20d'%C3%A9tude%20de.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p2676},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Purcell:2002p1622,
author = {Shaun Purcell and Pak Sham},
journal = {Twin Res},
title = {Variance components models for gene-environment interaction in quantitative trait locus linkage analysis},
abstract = {Gene-environment interaction (G x E) is likely to be a common and important source of variation for complex behavioral traits. Gene-environment interaction, or genetic control of sensitivity to the environment, can be incorporated into variance components twin and sib-pair analyses by partitioning genetic effects into a mean part, which is independent of the environment, and a part that is a linear function of the environment. An approach described in a companion paper (Purcell, 2002) is applied to sib-pair variance components linkage analysis in two ways: allowing for quantitative trait locus by environment interaction and utilizing information on any residual interactions detected prior to analysis. As well as elucidating environmental pathways, consideration of G x E in quantitative and molecular studies will potentially direct and enhance gene-mapping efforts.},
affiliation = {Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Research Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, UK. s.purcell@iop.kcl.ac.uk},
number = {6},
pages = {572--6},
volume = {5},
year = {2002},
month = {Dec},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Environment, Models: Genetic, Twins, Humans, Quantitative Trait Loci, Genetics: Behavioral, Computer Simulation, Linkage (Genetics)},
date-added = {2010-01-08 21:51:14 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-08 21:51:14 +0100},
doi = {10.1375/136905202762342035},
pmid = {12573188},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1622},
rating = {0}
}

@article{OHare:2002p12930,
author = {Anne O'Hare and Shabana Khalid},
journal = {Dyslexia},
title = {The association of abnormal cerebellar function in children with developmental coordination disorder and reading difficulties},
abstract = {Children with developmental coordination disorder/dyspraxia (DCD) are at high risk of reading and writing delay. The difficulties with motor skills are heterogeneous and many children have features of poor cerebellar function, reflected in problems with posture, balance and fast accurate control of movement. This study confirmed a high level of parental reporting of reading and writing delay in a clinical group of 23 children with DCD, defined on the basis of both clinical examination and standardized testing of motor function. Direct measurement of reading delay, identified still further children in the group. Those children with reading delay had associated findings typical of phonological awareness difficulties. The children also underwent a standardized test of neurological function and although they all had difficulties with cerebellar function, no distinctive pattern emerged for those whose presentation was complicated by delayed reading and writing. Both the children with DCD and 136 typically developing children, completed the pilot parental questionnaire on gross motor skills. The three skills of catching a ball, jumping on a moving playground roundabout and handwriting, distinguished the children with DCD. This study therefore confirms that children with DCD should be assessed for difficulties in phonological awareness. Additionally, children aged between 7 and 12 years are on the whole, highly competent in a range of gross motor skills and further study might determine whether a simple parental questionnaire might detect children who would benefit from further assessment. The study also suggests that all the children with DCD have cerebellar dysfunction and further work with a larger group might determine particular patterns associated with reading delay.},
affiliation = {Reproductive and Developmental Sciences, Child Life and Health, Community Child Health, Royal Hospital for Sick Children, 10 Chalmers Crescent, Edinburgh EH9 ITS, UK. A.O'Hare@ed.ac.uk},
number = {4},
pages = {234--48},
volume = {8},
year = {2002},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Mainstreaming (Education), Cerebellum, Male, Visual Perception, Motor Skills Disorders, Phonetics, Female, Memory, Child, Humans, Questionnaires, Dyslexia},
date-added = {2010-06-25 21:47:08 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-06-25 21:47:08 +0200},
doi = {10.1002/dys.230},
pmid = {12455853},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p12930},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Grove:2005p13779,
author = {W M Grove},
journal = {J Clin Psychol},
title = {Clinical Versus Statistical Prediction: The Contribution of Paul E. Meehl},
abstract = {The background of Paul E. Meehl's work on clinical versus statistical pre- diction is reviewed, with detailed analyses of his arguments. Meehl's four main contributions were the following: (a) he put the question, of whether clinical or statistical combinations of psychological data yielded better predictions, at center stage in applied psychology; (b) he convincingly argued, against an array of objections, that clinical versus statistical pre- diction was a real (not concocted) problem needing thorough study; (c) he meticulously and even-handedly dissected the logic of clinical inference from theoretical and probabilistic standpoints; and (c) he reviewed the studies available in 1954 and thereafter, which tested the validity of clin- ical versus statistical predictions. His early conclusion that the literature strongly favors statistical prediction has stood up extremely well, and his conceptual analyses of the prediction problem (especially his defense of applying aggregate-based probability statements to individual cases) have not been significantly improved since 1954.},
number = {10},
pages = {1233--1243},
volume = {61},
year = {2005},
date-added = {2010-07-28 23:08:15 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-07-28 23:09:36 +0200},
doi = {10.1002/jclp.20179},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Grove-2005-J%20Clin%20Psychol_Clinical%20Versus%20Stat.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p13779},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Anonymous:2010p4121,
title = {Etude de patients atteints de troubles du comportement alimentaire pris en charge a la cmme entre fevrier 1988 et juillet 2004},
date-added = {2010-01-20 00:08:39 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-24 11:42:30 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Etude%20de%20patients%20at-1.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p4121},
read = {Yes},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Taylor:2008p5380,
author = {Jessica L Taylor and Patrick J Smith and Michael A Babyak and Krista A Barbour and Benson M Hoffman and Deborah L Sebring and R Duane Davis and Scott M Palmer and Francis J Keefe and Robert M Carney and Iris Csik and Kenneth E Freedland and James A Blumenthal},
journal = {J Psychosom Res},
title = {Coping and quality of life in patients awaiting lung transplantation},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Patients with end-stage lung disease (ESLD) experience significant decrements in quality of life (QOL). Although coping strategies are related to QOL in patients with ESLD, the extent to which specific native lung disease moderates this relationship is unknown. METHODS: We investigated the relationship between coping, native lung disease, and QOL among 187 patients awaiting lung transplantation, including 139 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and 48 with cystic fibrosis (CF). Participants completed a psychosocial battery assessing psychological QOL, physical QOL, and coping strategies. RESULTS: For both COPD and CF patients, higher levels of Active Coping (P< .0001) and lower levels of Disengagement (P< .0001) were associated with better psychological QOL. For physical QOL, we observed a Native Disease x Coping interaction (P=.01) such that Active Coping was associated with better physical QOL in patients with COPD but not in patients with CF. CONCLUSIONS: The relationship between coping and QOL may vary as a function of native lung disease. Patients' native disease may need to be considered in order to develop effective interventions to help patients cope successfully with ESLD.},
affiliation = {Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA.},
number = {1},
pages = {71--9},
volume = {65},
year = {2008},
month = {Jul},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Emotions, Adult, Principal Component Analysis, Quality of Life, Adaptation: Psychological, Female, Sickness Impact Profile, Questionnaires, Pulmonary Disease: Chronic Obstructive, Humans, Internal-External Control, Cystic Fibrosis, Male, Personality Inventory, Health Status, Stress: Psychological, Middle Aged, Lung Transplantation},
date-added = {2010-02-11 10:30:48 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:36:02 +0200},
doi = {10.1016/j.jpsychores.2008.04.009},
pii = {S0022-3999(08)00213-4},
pmid = {18582615},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p5380},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Birkner:2005p4692,
author = {M D Birkner and K S Pollard and M J van der Laan and S Dudoit},
journal = {U.C. Berkeley Division of Biostatistics Working Paper Series},
title = {Multiple Testing Procedures and Applications to Genomics},
abstract = {This chapter proposes widely applicable resampling-based single-step and step- wise multiple testing procedures (MTP) for controlling a broad class of Type I er- ror rates, in testing problems involving general data generating distributions (with arbitrary dependence structures among variables), null hypotheses, and test statis- tics (Dudoit and van der Laan, 2005; Dudoit et al., 2004a,b; van der Laan et al., 2004a,b; Pollard and van der Laan, 2004; Pollard et al., 2005). Procedures are pro- vided to control Type I error rates defined as tail probabilities for arbitrary func- tions of the numbers of Type I errors, V n, and rejected hypotheses, R n. These error rates include: the generalized family-wise error rate, gFWER(k) = Pr(V n > k), or chance of at least (k+1) false positives (the special case k=0 corresponds to the usual family-wise error rate, FWER), and tail probabilities for the propor- tion of false positives among the rejected hypotheses, TPPFP(q) = Pr(V n/R n > q). Single-step and step-down common-cut-off (maxT) and common-quantile (minP) procedures, that take into account the joint distribution of the test statis- tics, are proposed to control the FWER. In addition, augmentation multiple testing procedures are provided to control the gFWER and TPPFP, based on any initial FWER-controlling procedure. The results of a multiple testing procedure can be summarized using rejection regions for the test statistics, confidence regions for the parameters of interest, or adjusted p-values. A key ingredient of our proposed MTPs is the test statistics null distribution (and consistent bootstrap estimator thereof) used to derive rejection regions and corresponding confidence regions and adjusted p-values. This chapter illustrates an implementation in SAS (Ver- sion 9) of the bootstrap-based single-step maxT procedure and of the gFWER- and TPPFP-controlling augmentation procedures. These multiple testing procedures are applied to an HIV-1 sequence dataset to identify codon positions associated with viral replication capacity.},
number = {168},
year = {2005},
date-added = {2010-01-30 16:13:18 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-30 16:14:12 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Birkner-2005-U.C.%20Berkeley%20Division%20of%20Biostatistics%20Working%20Paper%20Series_Multiple%20Testing%20Pro.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p4692},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Carter:2008p813,
author = {Kim W Carter and Pamela A McCaskie and Lyle J Palmer},
journal = {BMC Bioinformatics},
title = {SimHap GUI: an intuitive graphical user interface for genetic association analysis},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Researchers wishing to conduct genetic association analysis involving single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) or haplotypes are often confronted with the lack of user-friendly graphical analysis tools, requiring sophisticated statistical and informatics expertise to perform relatively straightforward tasks. Tools, such as the SimHap package for the R statistics language, provide the necessary statistical operations to conduct sophisticated genetic analysis, but lacks a graphical user interface that allows anyone but a professional statistician to effectively utilise the tool. RESULTS: We have developed SimHap GUI, a cross-platform integrated graphical analysis tool for conducting epidemiological, single SNP and haplotype-based association analysis. SimHap GUI features a novel workflow interface that guides the user through each logical step of the analysis process, making it accessible to both novice and advanced users. This tool provides a seamless interface to the SimHap R package, while providing enhanced functionality such as sophisticated data checking, automated data conversion, and real-time estimations of haplotype simulation progress. CONCLUSION: SimHap GUI provides a novel, easy-to-use, cross-platform solution for conducting a range of genetic and non-genetic association analyses. This provides a free alternative to commercial statistics packages that is specifically designed for genetic association analysis.},
affiliation = {Western Australian Institute for Medical Research and UWA Centre for Medical Research, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia. kcarter@ichr.uwa.edu.au},
pages = {557},
volume = {9},
year = {2008},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Software, Haplotypes, Algorithms, Programming Languages, Genome-Wide Association Study, Computer Graphics, Polymorphism: Single Nucleotide, User-Computer Interface},
date-added = {2010-01-03 17:24:07 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-03 17:24:07 +0100},
doi = {10.1186/1471-2105-9-557},
pii = {1471-2105-9-557},
pmid = {19109877},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Carter-2008-BMC%20Bioinformatics_SimHap%20GUI%20an%20intui.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p813},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Siroky:2009p12877,
author = {DS Siroky},
journal = {Statistics Surveys},
title = {Navigating Random Forests and related
advances in algorithmic modeling},
abstract = {This article addresses current methodological research on non- parametric Random Forests. It provides a brief intellectual history of Ran- dom Forests that covers CART, boosting and bagging methods. It then introduces the primary methods by which researchers can visualize results, the relationships between covariates and responses, and the out-of-bag test set error. In addition, the article considers current research on universal consistency and importance tests in Random Forests. Finally, several uses for Random Forests are discussed, and available software is identified.},
pages = {147--163},
volume = {3},
year = {2009},
date-added = {2010-06-24 12:59:51 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-06-24 13:01:46 +0200},
doi = {10.1214/07-SS033},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Siroky-2009-Statistics%20Surveys_Navigating%20Random%20Fo-1.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p12877},
rating = {5}
}

@article{Farmer:2001p3627,
author = {W L Farmer and R C Thompson and S K R Heil and M C Heil},
title = {Latent Trait Theory Analysis of Changes in Item Response Anchors},
abstract = {The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect that modifications in item response anchors have on responses to survey items. Twenty-nine items were administered in 1993 and 1995 as part of more extensive attitude surveys to two random samples of Federal Aviation Administration employees. Changes in the response scales (5-point Likert) between the two survey administrations ranged from no change at all to extensive re-anchoring of the response categories. Item responses were modeled via two-parameter graded response models based on item response theory. Changes in the way the item responses functioned between both years were assessed using the differential item functioning (DIF) method recommended by Muraki (1997). Twenty-four of the 29 items displayed significant levels of DIF, indicating that the response categories did not measure the constructs of interest in a similar fashion across the two administrations. Items whose response anchors had been changed substantially exhibited significant DIF more frequently than those where the change in anchors was less drastic. These results suggest that researchers and practitioners take a conservative approach when considering the revision of measuring scales for a particular set of items.},
year = {2001},
date-added = {2010-01-16 19:13:18 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-16 19:15:19 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Farmer-2001-_Latent%20Trait%20Theory.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p3627},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Solli:2010p8724,
author = {Oddvar Solli and Knut Stavem and I S Kristiansen},
journal = {Health Qual Life Outcomes},
title = {Health-related quality of life in diabetes: The associations of complications with EQ-5D scores},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to describe how diabetes complications influence the health-related quality of life of individuals with diabetes using the individual EQ-5D dimensions and the EQ-5D index. METHODS: We mailed a questionnaire to 1,000 individuals with diabetes type 1 and 2 in Norway. The questionnaire had questions about socio-demographic characteristics, use of health care, diabetes complications and finally the EQ-5D descriptive system. Logistic regressions were used to explore determinants of responses in the EQ-5D dimensions, and robust linear regression was used to explore determinants of the EQ-5D index. RESULTS: In multivariate analyses the strongest determinants of reduced MOBILITY were neuropathy and ischemic heart disease. In the ANXIETY/DEPRESSION dimension of the EQ-5D, "fear of hypoglycaemia" was a strong determinant. For those without complications, the EQ-5D index was 0.90 (type 1 diabetes) and 0.85 (type 2 diabetes). For those with complications, the EQ-5D index was 0.68 (type 1 diabetes) and 0.73 (type 2 diabetes). In the linear regression the factors with the greatest negative impact on the EQ-5D index were ischemic heart disease (type 1 diabetes), stroke (both diabetes types), neuropathy (both diabetes types), and fear of hypoglycaemia (type 2 diabetes). CONCLUSIONS: The EQ-5D dimensions and the EQ-5D seem capable of capturing the consequences of diabetes-related complications, and such complications may have substantial impact on several dimensions of health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The strongest determinants of reduced HRQoL in people with diabetes were ischemic heart disease, stroke and neuropathy.},
affiliation = {Institute of Health Management and Health Economics, Blindern, N-0317 Oslo, Norway. oddvar.solli@medisin.uio.no},
pages = {18},
volume = {8},
year = {2010},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
date-added = {2010-03-22 12:05:14 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-03-22 12:05:14 +0100},
doi = {10.1186/1477-7525-8-18},
pii = {1477-7525-8-18},
pmid = {20132542},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Solli-2010-Health%20and%20Quality%20of%20Life%20Outcomes_Health-related%20quali.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p8724},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Tuerlinckx:2005,
author = {Francis Tuerlinckx and Paul De Boeck},
journal = {Psychometrika},
title = {Two interpretations of the discrimination parameter},
abstract = {In this paper we propose two interpretations for the discrimination parameter in the two-parameter logistic model (2PLM). The interpretations are based on the relation between the 2PLM and two stochastic models. In the first interpretation, the 2PLM is linked to a diffusion model so that the probability of absorption equals the 2PLM. The discrimination parameter is the distance between the two absorbing boundaries and therefore the amount of information that has to be collected before a response to an item can be given. For the second interpretation, the 2PLM is connected to a specific type of race model. In the race model, the discrimination parameter is inversely related to the dependency of the information used in the decision process. Extended versions of both models with person-to-person variability in the difficulty parameter are considered. When fitted to a data set, it is shown that a generalization of the race model that allows for dependency between choices and response times (RTs) is the best-fitting model.},
pages = {629--650},
volume = {70},
year = {2005},
date-added = {2010-01-10 11:33:23 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 20:46:12 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Tuerlinckx-2005-Psychometrika_Two%20interpretations.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p2106},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Anderson:2007,
author = {C J Anderson and Z Li and J K Vermunt},
journal = {Journal of Statistical Software},
title = {Estimation of models in a Rasch family for polytomous items and multiple latent variables},
abstract = {The Rasch family of models considered in this paper includes models for polytomous items and multiple correlated latent traits, as well as for dichotomous items and a single latent variable. An R package is described that computes estimates of parameters and robust standard errors of a class of log-linear-by-linear association (LLLA) models, which are derived from a Rasch family of models. The LLLA models are special cases of log-linear models with bivariate interactions. Maximum likelihood estimation of LLLA models in this form is limited to relatively small problems; however, pseudo-likelihood estimation overcomes this limitation. Maximizing the pseudo-likelihood function is achieved by maximizing the likelihood of a single conditional multinomial logistic regression model. The parameter estimates are asymptotically normal and consistent. Based on our simulation studies, the pseudo-likelihood and maximum likelihood estimates of the parameters of LLLA models are nearly identical and the loss of efficiency is negligible. Recovery of parameters of Rasch models fit to simulated data is excellent.},
number = {6},
volume = {20},
year = {2007},
date-added = {2010-01-03 19:38:21 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-03 19:38:22 +0100},
URL = {http://www.jstatsoft.org/v20/i06/paper},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1163},
read = {Yes},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Bergsma:2010p13781,
author = {W P Bergsma and T Rudas},
title = {Marginal models for categorical data},
abstract = {Statistical models defined by imposing restrictions on marginal distri- butions of contingency tables have received considerable attention recently. This paper introduces a general definition of marginal log-linear param- eters and describes conditions for a marginal log-linear parameter to be a smooth parameterization of the distribution, and to be variation inde- pendent. Statistical models defined by imposing affine restrictions on the marginal log-linear parameters are investigated. These models generalize ordinary log-linear and multivariate logistic models. Sufficient conditions for a log-affine marginal model to be nonempty, and to be a curved expo- nential family are given. Standard large sample theory is shown to apply to maximum likelihood estimation of log-affine marginal models for a variety of sampling procedures.},
date-added = {2010-07-28 23:12:45 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-08-22 21:16:12 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Bergsma--_Marginal%20models%20for.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p13781},
read = {Yes},
rating = {4}
}

@article{Dilba:2006p6466,
author = {Gemechis Dilba and Frank Bretz and Ludwig A Hothorn and Volker Guiard},
journal = {Stat Med},
title = {Power and sample size computations in simultaneous tests for non-inferiority based on relative margins},
abstract = {In this paper, we address the problem of calculating power and sample sizes associated with simultaneous tests for non-inferiority. We consider the case of comparing several experimental treatments with an active control. The approach is based on the ratio view, where the common non-inferiority margin is chosen to be some percentage of the mean of the control treatment. Two power definitions in multiple hypothesis testing, namely, complete power and minimal power, are used in the computations. The sample sizes associated with the ratio-based inference are also compared with that of a comparable inference based on the difference of means for various scenarios. It is found that the sample size required for ratio-based inferences is smaller than that of difference-based inferences when the relative non-inferiority margin is less than one and when large response values indicate better treatment effects. The results are illustrated with examples.},
affiliation = {Bioinformatics Unit, University of Hannover, Germany. dilba@biounf.uni-hannover.de},
number = {7},
pages = {1131--47},
volume = {25},
year = {2006},
month = {Apr},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Sample Size, Research Design, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Models: Statistical, Data Interpretation: Statistical, Drug Evaluation, Humans},
date-added = {2010-02-23 08:33:40 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-02-23 08:33:40 +0100},
doi = {10.1002/sim.2359},
pmid = {16217842},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Dilba-2006-Stat%20Med_Power%20and%20sample%20siz.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p6466},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Sacks:1982,
author = {H Sacks and TC Chalmers and H Smith},
journal = {American Journal of Medicine},
title = {Randomized versus historical controls for clinical trials},
abstract = {To compare the use of randomized controls (RCTs) and historical controls (HCTs) for clinical trials, we searched the literature for therapies studied by both methods. We found six therapies for which 50 RCTs and 56 HCTs were reported. Forty-four of 56 HCTs (79 percent) found the therapy better than the control regimen, but only 10 of 50 RCTs (20 percent) agreed. For each therapy, the treated patients in RCTs and HCTs of the same therapy was largely due to differences in outcome for the control groups, with HCT control patients generally doing worse than the RCT control groups. Adjustment of the outcomes of the HCTs for prognostic factors, when possible, did not appreciably change the results. The data suggest that biases in patient selection may irretrievably weight the outcome of HCts in favor of new therapies. RCTs may miss clinically important benefits because of inadequate attention to sample size. The predictive value of each might be improved by reconsidering the use of p less than 0.05 as the significance level for all types of clinical trials, and by the use of confidence intervals around estimates of treatment effects.},
pages = {233--240},
volume = {72},
year = {1982},
date-added = {2010-01-03 19:36:10 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-03 19:36:10 +0100},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1042},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Nasrallah:2005p8326,
author = {Henry A Nasrallah and Steven D Targum and Rajiv Tandon and Jeffrey S McCombs and Ruth Ross},
journal = {Psychiatr Serv},
title = {Defining and measuring clinical effectiveness in the treatment of schizophrenia},
abstract = {OBJECTIVES: Expectations in treating schizophrenia are expanding beyond just controlling psychotic symptoms to include functional recovery. This report describes an approach to define and measure the clinical effectiveness of treatment in achieving these objectives. METHODS: A comprehensive literature review established that there is limited information about the meaning of the term "clinical effectiveness." To address this gap a consensus conference of schizophrenia researchers was held to consider the components of clinical effectiveness in real-world community practice and how these components can best be measured. RESULTS: The consensus of the researchers was that effective clinical treatment is characterized by four outcome domains: symptoms of disease, treatment burden, disease burden, and health and wellness. A clinical instrument to measure these four domains was constructed: Global Outcome Assessment of Life in Schizophrenia (GOALS). In using GOALS, clinicians rate each of the four domains on a scale of 1, very much improved, to 7, very much worse. Field-testing of this instrument is planned. CONCLUSIONS: Effective treatment interventions that combine optimal pharmacotherapy and targeted psychosocial treatments are raising expectations about the prospects of functional recovery among patients with schizophrenia. GOALS is proposed as one tool that can provide busy clinicians with a simple, objective measure of the effectiveness and outcomes of the clinical treatment they provide to patients with schizophrenia.},
affiliation = {Department of Psychiatry, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267-0559, USA. henry.nasrallah@uc.edu},
number = {3},
pages = {273--82},
volume = {56},
year = {2005},
month = {Mar},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Cost of Illness, Outcome Assessment (Health Care), Combined Modality Therapy, Recovery of Function, Affect, Health Status, Humans, United States, Drug Therapy, Cognition Disorders, Basal Ganglia Diseases, Schizophrenia, Psychotic Disorders, Psychotherapy},
date-added = {2010-03-21 12:29:05 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:45:23 +0200},
doi = {10.1176/appi.ps.56.3.273},
pii = {56/3/273},
pmid = {15746501},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Nasrallah-2005-Psychiatr%20Serv_Defining%20and%20measuri.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p8326},
rating = {0}
}

@misc{Jehangir:2005,
author = {K Jehangir},
journal = {Miscellaneous},
title = {Evaluation of Relations between Scales in an IRT Framework},
year = {2005},
date-added = {2010-01-10 11:33:18 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-10 11:33:25 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Jehangir-2005-Miscellaneous_Evaluation%20of%20Relati.PDF},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p2025},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Skuse:2001p13303,
author = {D H Skuse},
journal = {Br J Psychiatry},
title = {Endophenotypes and child psychiatry},
pages = {395--6},
volume = {178},
year = {2001},
month = {May},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Longitudinal Studies, Phenotype, Mental Disorders, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Child, Humans},
date-added = {2010-07-01 18:24:31 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-07-01 18:24:36 +0200},
pmid = {11331550},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Skuse-2001-Br%20J%20Psychiatry_Endophenotypes%20and%20c.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p13303},
rating = {4}
}

@article{James:2007p9642,
author = {Lisa M James and Jeanette Taylor},
journal = {Addict Behav},
title = {Impulsivity and negative emotionality associated with substance use problems and Cluster B personality in college students},
abstract = {The co-occurrence of personality disorders (PDs) and substance use disorders (SUDs) can be partially attributed to shared underlying personality traits. This study examined the role of negative emotionality (NEM) and impulsivity in 617 university students with self-reported substance use problems and Cluster B PD symptoms. Results indicated that NEM was significantly associated with drug and alcohol use problems, antisocial PD, borderline PD, and narcissistic PD. Impulsivity was significantly associated with drug use problems, antisocial PD, and histrionic PD. Only NEM mediated the relationship between alcohol use problems and symptoms of each of the Cluster B PDs while impulsivity mediated only the relationship between drug use problems and histrionic PD. These results suggest that NEM may be more relevant than impulsivity to our understanding of the co-occurrence between substance use problems and Cluster B PD features.},
affiliation = {Department of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-1270, USA. james@psy.fsu.edu},
number = {4},
pages = {714--27},
volume = {32},
year = {2007},
month = {Apr},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Students, Adult, Personality Disorders, Adolescent, Personality Inventory, Male, Female, Social Environment, Comorbidity, Humans, Impulsive Behavior, Analysis of Variance, Diagnosis: Dual (Psychiatry), Substance-Related Disorders},
date-added = {2010-03-25 14:52:19 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:12:35 +0200},
doi = {10.1016/j.addbeh.2006.06.012},
pii = {S0306-4603(06)00192-4},
pmid = {16842928},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/James-2007-Addict%20Behav_Impulsivity%20and%20nega.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p9642},
rating = {0}
}

@article{vanWidenfelt:2005p5357,
author = {Brigit M van Widenfelt and Philip D A Treffers and Edwin de Beurs and Bart M Siebelink and Els Koudijs},
journal = {Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev},
title = {Translation and cross-cultural adaptation of assessment instruments used in psychological research with children and families},
abstract = {With the increased globalization of psychology and related fields, having reliable and valid measures that can be used in a number of languages and cultures is critical. Few guidelines or standards have been established in psychology for the translation and cultural adaptation of instruments. Usually little is reported in research publications about the translation and adaptation process thus making it difficult for journal readers and reviewers to adequately evaluate the equivalency and quality of an instrument. In this study, issues related to the translation and adaptation of assessment instruments for use in other cultures and/or languages are addressed. Existing literature on translation is reviewed and examples from the clinical child and family psychology field are given to illustrate relevant issues. Suggestions are made for avoiding common translation errors.},
affiliation = {Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands. b.m.van.widenfelt@umail.leidenuniv.nl},
number = {2},
pages = {135--47},
volume = {8},
year = {2005},
month = {Jun},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Language, Family, Humans, Adaptation: Psychological, Cross-Cultural Comparison, Child, Translations},
date-added = {2010-02-11 09:10:44 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-02-11 09:10:44 +0100},
pmid = {15981582},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p5357},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Finch:2005p13238,
author = {H Finch},
journal = {Journal of Data Science},
title = {Comparison of Distance Measures in Cluster Analysis with Dichotomous Data},
abstract = {The current study examines the performance of cluster analysis with dichotomous data using distance measures based on response pattern similarity. In many contexts, such as educational and psychological testing, cluster analysis is a useful means for exploring datasets and identifying un- derlying groups among individuals. However, standard approaches to cluster analysis assume that the variables used to group observations are continu- ous in nature. This paper focuses on four methods for calculating distance between individuals using dichotomous data, and the subsequent introduc- tion of these distances to a clustering algorithm such as Ward's. The four methods in question, are potentially useful for practitioners because they are relatively easy to carry out using standard statistical software such as SAS and SPSS, and have been shown to have potential for correctly grouping ob- servations based on dichotomous data. Results of both a simulation study and application to a set of binary survey responses show that three of the four measures behave similarly, and can yield correct cluster recovery rates of between 60% and 90%. Furthermore, these methods were found to work better, in nearly all cases, than using the raw data with Ward's clustering algorithm.},
pages = {85--100},
volume = {3},
year = {2005},
date-added = {2010-07-01 17:52:59 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-07-01 17:53:38 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Finch-2005-Journal%20of%20Data%20Science_Comparison%20of%20Distan.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p13238},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Tugwell:2010p6569,
author = {Peter Tugwell and J Andre Knottnerus and George Wells and Leanne Idzerda},
journal = {Journal of Clinical Epidemiology},
title = {Debate on measures of outcome},
number = {1},
pages = {1},
volume = {63},
year = {2010},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
date-added = {2010-02-24 20:37:17 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-02-24 20:37:17 +0100},
doi = {10.1016/j.jclinepi.2009.11.001},
pii = {S0895-4356(09)00335-7},
pmid = {19958999},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Tugwell-2010-Journal%20of%20Clinical%20Epidemiology_Debate%20on%20measures%20o.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p6569},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Bruce:2003p8721,
author = {Bonnie Bruce and James F Fries},
journal = {Health Qual Life Outcomes},
title = {The Stanford Health Assessment Questionnaire: dimensions and practical applications},
abstract = {The ability to effectively measure health-related quality-of-life longitudinally is central to describing the impacts of disease, treatment, or other insults, including normal aging, upon the patient. Over the last two decades, assessment of patient health status has undergone a dramatic paradigm shift, evolving from a predominant reliance on biochemical and physical measurements, such as erythrocyte sedimentation rate, lipid profiles, or radiographs, to an emphasis upon health outcomes based on the patient's personal appreciation of their illness. The Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ), published in 1980, was among the first instruments based on generic, patient-centered dimensions. The HAQ was designed to represent a model of patient-oriented outcome assessment and has played a major role in many diverse areas such as prediction of successful aging, inversion of the therapeutic pyramid in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), quantification of NSAID gastropathy, development of risk factor models for osteoarthrosis, and examination of mortality risks in RA. Evidenced by its use over the past two decades in diverse settings, the HAQ has established itself as a valuable, effective, and sensitive tool for measurement of health status. It is available in more than 60 languages and is supported by a bibliography of more than 500 references. It has increased the credibility and use of validated self-report measurement techniques as a quantifiable set of hard data endpoints and has contributed to a new appreciation of outcome assessment. In this article, information regarding the HAQ's development, content, dissemination and reference sources for its uses, translations, and validations are provided.},
affiliation = {School of Medicine, Division of Immunology {\&} Rheumatology Stanford University, USA. bbruce@stanford.edu},
pages = {20},
volume = {1},
year = {2003},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Quality of Life, Disability Evaluation, Health Status, Rheumatic Diseases, Outcome Assessment (Health Care), Activities of Daily Living, Severity of Illness Index, Humans, Questionnaires},
date-added = {2010-03-22 12:01:13 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-03-22 12:01:13 +0100},
doi = {10.1186/1477-7525-1-20},
pmid = {12831398},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Bruce-2003-Health%20and%20Quality%20of%20Life%20Outcomes_The%20Stanford%20Health.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p8721},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Way:1998p2675,
author = {B B Way and M H Allen and J L Mumpower and T R Stewart and S M Banks},
journal = {Am J Psychiatry},
title = {Interrater agreement among psychiatrist in psychiatric emergency assessments},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: The authors' purpose in this study was to investigate the interrater agreement among psychiatrists in psychiatric emergency service settings. The interrater reliability of many of the key concepts in psychiatric emergency service settings has not been studied. METHOD: Videotapes of 30 psychiatric emergency service patient assessment interviews conducted by psychiatrists were shown to eight experienced psychiatric emergency service psychiatrists. The eight psychiatrists rated each videotape on dimensions such as severity of depression and psychosis and recommended a disposition for each patient. Interrater reliability was then explored. RESULTS: The level of agreement (intraclass correlation coefficient) among the reviewing psychiatrists was higher for psychosis and substance abuse but lower for psychopathology, impulse control problems, danger to self, and disposition. The reviewers' disposition recommendations did not match well with the assessing psychiatrist's actual disposition, but comparisons with actual practice should be considered only suggestive. CONCLUSIONS: Psychiatric emergency service assessments need improvement. This may be accomplished by exploring the underlying structure of psychiatric emergency service concepts, the creation and validation of structured assessment tools, and the creation of practice guidelines.},
affiliation = {Center for the Study of Issues in Public Mental Health, Albany, NY, USA. Way@iris.rfmh.org},
number = {10},
pages = {1423--8},
volume = {155},
year = {1998},
month = {Oct},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Emergency Services: Psychiatric, Psychiatry, Male, Mental Disorders, Analysis of Variance, Videotape Recording, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Humans, Female, Adult, Reproducibility of Results, Referral and Consultation, Attitude of Health Personnel, Commitment of Mentally Ill, Patient Admission},
date-added = {2010-01-13 09:34:42 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:51:28 +0200},
pmid = {9766775},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Way-1998-Am%20J%20Psychiatry_Interrater%20agreement.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p2675},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Comings:2000p4217,
author = {D E Comings and J P Johnson and N S Gonzalez and M Huss and G Saucier and M McGue and J MacMurray},
journal = {Psychiatr Genet},
title = {Association between the adrenergic alpha 2A receptor gene (ADRA2A) and measures of irritability, hostility, impulsivity and memory in normal subjects},
abstract = {The noradrenergic system has been implicated in arousal, vigilance, irritability hostility, and memory. This suggests the hypothesis that genetic variants at noradrenergic receptors may be risk factors of these behaviors. To test this hypothesis, the potential association between measures of these traits and genetic variation at the adrenergic2A receptor gene (ADRA2A), using a common single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) polymorphism of the promoter region, were examined in two independent sets of subjects: university students (student group), and parents of twins in the Minnesota Twin Study (twin group). In the student group, there was a significant linear association by genotype (11 > 12 > 22) for the total Brown ADD score (BADD), and BADD subscores of memory and irritability, and with the total Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory (BDHI) score and BDHI subscores of indirect hostility, irritability, negativity, and verbal aggression. A multiple analysis of variance (MANOVA) of all the BADD and BDHI subscores was significant at P < or = 0.009. For the twin group, the same genotype associations were significant for the Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire (MPQ) impulsivity scores but not for the MPQ aggression or harm avoidance scores. The ADRA2A gene accounted for 1.8-8.3% of the variance of these scores.},
affiliation = {Department of Medical Genetics, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA.},
number = {1},
pages = {39--42},
volume = {10},
year = {2000},
month = {Mar},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Memory, Locus Coeruleus, Reference Values, European Continental Ancestry Group, Humans, Male, Arousal, Impulsive Behavior, Middle Aged, Temperament, Genotype, Norepinephrine, Adult, Hostility, Deoxyribonuclease HpaII, Aggression, Female, Irritable Mood, Twins, Personality Tests, Receptors: Adrenergic: alpha-2, Polymorphism: Restriction Fragment Length},
date-added = {2010-01-21 08:02:02 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:45:11 +0200},
pmid = {10909127},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p4217},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Murphy:2001p6305,
author = {K P Murphy},
title = {An introduction to graphical models},
year = {2001},
date-added = {2010-02-20 20:17:53 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-02-20 20:18:14 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Murphy-2001-_An%20introduction%20to%20g.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p6305},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Balding:2006p9531,
author = {David J Balding},
journal = {Nat Rev Genet},
title = {A tutorial on statistical methods for population association studies},
abstract = {Although genetic association studies have been with us for many years, even for the simplest analyses there is little consensus on the most appropriate statistical procedures. Here I give an overview of statistical approaches to population association studies, including preliminary analyses (Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium testing, inference of phase and missing data, and SNP tagging), and single-SNP and multipoint tests for association. My goal is to outline the key methods with a brief discussion of problems (population structure and multiple testing), avenues for solutions and some ongoing developments.},
affiliation = {Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College, St Marys Campus, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK. d.balding@imperial.ac.uk},
number = {10},
pages = {781--91},
volume = {7},
year = {2006},
month = {Oct},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Genetics: Population, Genome: Human, Polymorphism: Single Nucleotide, Haplotypes, Genotype, Genetics: Medical, Statistics as Topic, Humans},
date-added = {2010-03-23 20:25:29 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-03-23 20:25:29 +0100},
doi = {10.1038/nrg1916},
pii = {nrg1916},
pmid = {16983374},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Balding-2006-Nat%20Rev%20Genet_A%20tutorial%20on%20statis.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p9531},
read = {Yes},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Khoury:2003p5564,
author = {Muin J Khoury and Linda L McCabe and Edward R B McCabe},
journal = {N Engl J Med},
title = {Population screening in the age of genomic medicine},
affiliation = {Office of Genomics and Disease Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, USA.},
number = {1},
pages = {50--8},
volume = {348},
year = {2003},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Cystic Fibrosis, Female, Neonatal Screening, Adult, Genetic Testing, Heterozygote, Child, Factor V, Humans, Point Mutation, Hemochromatosis, Infant: Newborn, Genomics, Tay-Sachs Disease},
date-added = {2010-02-12 15:32:24 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:53:14 +0200},
doi = {10.1056/NEJMra013182},
pii = {348/1/50},
pmid = {12510043},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Khoury-2003-N%20Engl%20J%20Med_Population%20screening.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p5564},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Costas:2010p4289,
author = {Javier Costas and M{\`o}nica Gratac{\`o}s and Ge{\`o}rgia Escaram{\'\i}s and Roc{\'\i}o Mart{\'\i}n-Santos and Yolanda de Diego and Enrique Baca-Garc{\'\i}a and Francesca Canellas and Xavier Estivill and Roser Guillamat and Miriam Guitart and Alfonso Guti{\'e}rrez-Zotes and Luisa Garc{\'\i}a-Esteve and Ferm{\'\i}n Mayoral and Mar{\'\i}a Dolores Molt{\'o} and Christopher Phillips and Miquel Roca and Angel Carracedo and Elisabet Vilella and Julio Sanju{\'a}n},
journal = {J Psychiatr Res},
title = {Association study of 44 candidate genes with depressive and anxiety symptoms in post-partum women},
abstract = {The post-partum period is a time of extreme vulnerability for a whole spectrum of psychiatric disorders. Delivery may be considered an important risk factor in genetically susceptible women. Five hundred and eight SNPs in 44 genes at candidate pathways putatively related to mood changes after delivery were genotyped in a multicenter cohort of 1804 women from Spain. Participants completed two scales at 2-3days, 8weeks, and 32weeks post-partum, the Edinburgh Post-partum Depression Scale (EPDS) and the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Those women who scored 9 or more on EPDS were evaluated for major depression using the Diagnostic Interview for Genetics Studies (DIGS) adapted for post-partum depression. Association with major depression was assessed using likelihood ratio tests under a codominant genotype model. Association with scale scores was tested using linear mixed models to take into account repeated measures over time. Two intronic SNPs, one at the serotonin transporter gene (SLC6A4) and another at dopa decarboxylase (DDC), were significantly associated to STAI anxiety scores after multiple testing correction (nominal P=0.0000513 and 0.000097, respectively). In addition, post hoc analysis at the unphased haplotype level using nominal significant SNPs revealed an association with a combination of three SNPs at protein kinase C, beta (PRKCB) with major depression, significant after multiple testing correction (nominal global P=0.0001596). In conclusion, we detected a role of SLC6A4 in mood changes after stressful events, and revealed new putative associations involving DDC and PRKCB. Therefore, these genes deserve further investigation to confirm these results.},
affiliation = {Fundaci{\'o}n P{\'u}blica Galega de Medicina Xen{\'o}mica-SERGAS, Hospital Cl{\'\i}nico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.},
pages = {},
year = {2010},
month = {Jan},
language = {ENG},
date-added = {2010-01-25 20:29:47 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-25 20:29:47 +0100},
doi = {10.1016/j.jpsychires.2009.12.012},
pii = {S0022-3956(09)00287-8},
pmid = {20092830},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Costas-2010-J%20Psychiatr%20Res_Association%20study%20of.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p4289},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Meinshausen:2010p12324,
author = {N Meinshausen and P B{\"u}hlmann},
journal = {The Annals of Statistics},
title = {High dimensional graphs and variable selection with the lasso},
abstract = {The pattern of zero entries in the inverse covariance matrix of a multivariate normal distribution corresponds to conditional inde- pendence restrictions between variables. Covariance selection aims at estimating those structural zeros from data. We show that neighbor- hood selection with the Lasso is a computationally attractive alter- native to standard covariance selection for sparse high-dimensional graphs. Neighborhood selection estimates the conditional indepen- dence restrictions separately for each node in the graph and is hence equivalent to variable selection for Gaussian linear models. We show that the proposed neighborhood selection scheme is consistent for sparse high-dimensional graphs. Consistency hinges on the choice of the penalty parameter. The oracle value for optimal prediction does not lead to a consistent neighborhood estimate. Controlling instead the probability of falsely joining some distinct connectivity compo- nents of the graph, consistent estimation for sparse graphs is achieved (with exponential rates), even when the number of variables grows like the number of observations raised to an arbitrary power.},
date-added = {2010-06-12 09:42:57 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-06-12 09:43:51 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Meinshausen--The%20Annals%20of%20Statistics_High%20dimensional%20gra.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p12324},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Carter:2009p12853,
author = {N J Carter and N C Scwertman and T L Kiser},
journal = {Statistical Methodology},
title = {A comparison of two boxplot methods for detecting univariate outliers which adjust for sample size and asymmetry},
abstract = {It is important to identify outliers since inclusion, especially when using parametric methods, can cause distortion in the analysis and lead to erroneous conclusions. One of the easiest and most useful methods is based on the boxplot. This method is particularly appealing since it does not use any outliers in computing spread. Two methods, one by Carling and another by Schwertman and de Silva, adjust the boxplot method for sample size and skewness. In this paper, the two procedures are compared both theoretically and by Monte Carlo simulations. Simulations using both a symmetric distribution and an asymmetric distribution were performed on data sets with none, one, and several outliers. Based on the simulations, the Carling approach is superior in avoiding masking outliers, that is, the Carling method is less likely to overlook an outlier while the Schwertman and de Silva procedure is much better at reducing swamping, that is, misclassifying an observation as an outlier. Carling's method is to the Schwertman and de Silva procedure as comparisonwise versus experimentwise error rate is for multiple comparisons. The two methods, rather than being competitors, appear to complement each other. Used in tandem they provide the data analyst a more complete prospective for identifying possible outliers.},
pages = {604--621},
volume = {6},
year = {2009},
date-added = {2010-06-21 20:18:01 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 20:06:22 +0200},
doi = {10.1016/j.stamet.2009.07.001},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Carter-2009-Statistical%20Methodology_A%20comparison%20of%20two.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p12853},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Nye:2008p11656,
author = {C D Nye and B W Roberts and G Saucier and X Zhou},
journal = {Journal of Research in Personality},
title = {Testing the measurement equivalence of personality adjective items across cultures},
abstract = {Although previous research has examined cross-cultural differences in personality, many of these studies neglected to first establish that the measures being used were equivalent in meaning across cultures. Using samples of Chinese, Greek, and American respondents, the measurement equivalence of the Big Five Mini-Markers [Saucier, G. (1994). Mini-mark- ers: A brief version of Goldberg's unipolar Big-Five markers. Journal of Personality assess- ment, 63, 506--516] was assessed using confirmatory factor analysis. The results indicate that all of the scales demonstrate configural invariance, but fail to show metric or scalar invariance. Several adjectives from these scales were found to exhibit bias at the item- level. The practical implications of these results are discussed and future research is suggested.},
pages = {1524--1536},
volume = {42},
year = {2008},
date-added = {2010-05-11 22:52:43 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:36:11 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Nye-2008-Journal%20of%20Research%20in%20Personality_Testing%20the%20measurem.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p11656},
rating = {5}
}

@article{Via:2007p1563,
author = {Javier V{\'\i}a and Ignacio Santamar{\'\i}a and Jes{\'u}s P{\'e}rez},
journal = {Neural Netw},
title = {A learning algorithm for adaptive canonical correlation analysis of several data sets},
abstract = {Canonical correlation analysis (CCA) is a classical tool in statistical analysis to find the projections that maximize the correlation between two data sets. In this work we propose a generalization of CCA to several data sets, which is shown to be equivalent to the classical maximum variance (MAXVAR) generalization proposed by Kettenring. The reformulation of this generalization as a set of coupled least squares regression problems is exploited to develop a neural structure for CCA. In particular, the proposed CCA model is a two layer feedforward neural network with lateral connections in the output layer to achieve the simultaneous extraction of all the CCA eigenvectors through deflation. The CCA neural model is trained using a recursive least squares (RLS) algorithm. Finally, the convergence of the proposed learning rule is proved by means of stochastic approximation techniques and their performance is analyzed through simulations.},
affiliation = {Department of Communications Engineering, University of Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Cantabria, Spain. jvia@gtas.dicom.unican.es},
number = {1},
pages = {139--52},
volume = {20},
year = {2007},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Multivariate Analysis, Learning, Humans, Algorithms, Neural Networks (Computer)},
date-added = {2010-01-07 16:50:01 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:41:07 +0200},
doi = {10.1016/j.neunet.2006.09.011},
pii = {S0893-6080(06)00213-9},
pmid = {17113263},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/V%C3%ADa-2007-Neural%20Netw_A%20learning%20algorithm.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1563},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Hedeker:2007p13445,
author = {D Hedeker},
title = {Multilevel Models for Ordinal and Nominal Variables},
year = {2007},
date-added = {2010-07-01 20:30:14 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-07-01 20:30:43 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Hedeker-2007-_Multilevel%20Models%20fo.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p13445},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Penttila:2009p4972,
author = {Jani Penttil{\"a} and Arnaud Cachia and Jean-Luc Martinot and Damien Ringuenet and Mich{\`e}le Wessa and Josselin Houenou and Andr{\'e} Galinowski and Frank Bellivier and Thierry Gallarda and Edouard Duchesnay and Eric Artiges and Marion Leboyer and Jean-Pierre Oli{\'e} and Jean-Fran{\c c}ois Mangin and Marie-Laure Paill{\`e}re-Martinot},
journal = {Bipolar Disord},
title = {Cortical folding difference between patients with early-onset and patients with intermediate-onset bipolar disorder},
abstract = {OBJECTIVES: Cerebral abnormalities have been detected in patients with bipolar disorder (BD). In comparison to BD with a later onset, early-onset BD has been found to have a poorer outcome. However, it is yet unknown whether neuroanatomical abnormalities differ between age-at-onset subgroups of the illness. We searched for cortical folding differences between early-onset (before 25 years) and intermediate-onset (between 25 and 45 years) BD patients. METHODS: Magnetic resonance images of 22 early-onset BD patients, 14 intermediate-onset BD patients, and 50 healthy participants were analyzed using a fully automated method to extract, label, and measure the sulcal area in the whole cortex. Cortical folding was assessed by computing global sulcal indices (the ratio between total sulcal area and total outer cortex area) for each hemisphere, and local sulcal indices for 12 predefined regions in both hemispheres. RESULTS: Intermediate-onset BD patients had a significantly reduced local sulcal index in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in comparison to both early-onset BD patients and healthy subjects, and lower global sulcal indices in both hemispheres in comparison to healthy subjects (p < 0.05, Bonferroni corrected). Brain tissue volumes did not differ between groups. CONCLUSIONS: This study provided the first evidence of a neuroanatomic difference between intermediate-onset and early-onset BD, which lends further support to the existence of different age-at-onset subgroups of BD.},
affiliation = {INSERM, U797 Research Unit Neuroimaging and Psychiatry, France. japepe@utu.fi},
number = {4},
pages = {361--70},
volume = {11},
year = {2009},
month = {Jun},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Brain Mapping, Bipolar Disorder, Functional Laterality, Suicide: Attempted, Imaging: Three-Dimensional, Age of Onset, Cerebral Cortex, Age Factors, Male, Adult, Female, Middle Aged, Humans},
date-added = {2010-02-05 00:06:20 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-02-05 00:06:20 +0100},
doi = {10.1111/j.1399-5618.2009.00683.x},
pii = {BDI683},
pmid = {19500089},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Penttil%C3%A4-2009-Bipolar%20Disord_Cortical%20folding%20dif.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p4972},
rating = {0}
}

@misc{Ark:2005a,
author = {L Andries van der Ark and M A Croon and K Sijtsma},
journal = {Miscellaneous},
title = {Statistical Models for Categorical Variables},
year = {2005},
date-added = {2010-01-10 11:33:18 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 20:42:55 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Andries%20van%20der%20Ark-2005-Miscellaneous_Statistical%20Models%20f.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1994},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Bolger:1990p13968,
author = {N Bolger},
journal = {J Pers Soc Psychol},
title = {Coping as a personality process: a prospective study},
abstract = {The study tested the proposition that coping is personality in action under stress. Using a stressful medical school entrance examination, the study examined (a) whether neuroticism emerged in coping patterns over time and (b) whether the influence of neuroticism on coping accounted for changes in anxiety and examination performance. Fifty premedical students reported their coping efforts at 35 days before, 10 days before, and 17 days after the examination. They provided daily reports of anxiety for 35 days surrounding the examination. Neuroticism influenced coping efforts and increases in daily anxiety under stress. Two types of coping, wishful thinking and self-blame, explained over half the relationship between neuroticism and increases in preexamination anxiety. Consistent with previous research, neither neuroticism nor specific coping efforts influenced examination performance.},
affiliation = {Department of Psychology, University of Denver, Colorado 80208.},
number = {3},
pages = {525--37},
volume = {59},
year = {1990},
month = {Sep},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Neurotic Disorders, Arousal, Achievement, Male, Prospective Studies, Internal-External Control, Anxiety, Female, Adult, Personality Development, Educational Measurement, Personality Inventory, Adaptation: Psychological, Humans},
date-added = {2010-07-29 19:05:57 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:35:33 +0200},
pmid = {2231283},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Bolger-1990-J%20Pers%20Soc%20Psychol_Coping%20as%20a%20personal.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p13968},
rating = {0}
}

@misc{Zoanetti:2006,
author = {N Zoanetti and P Griffin and R J Adams},
journal = {Miscellaneous},
title = {APPLICATIONS OF ITEM RESPONSE THEORY TO IDENTIFY AND ACCOUNT FOR SUSPECT RATER DATA},
year = {2006},
date-added = {2010-01-10 11:33:09 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 20:16:39 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Zoanetti-2006-Miscellaneous_APPLICATIONS%20OF%20ITEM.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p2046},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Muller:2001,
author = {K R Muller and S Mika and G Ratsch and K Tsuda and B Scholkopf},
journal = {IEEE Trans Neural Netw},
title = {An introduction to kernel-based learning algorithms.},
abstract = {This paper provides an introduction to support vector machines, kernel Fisher discriminant analysis, and kernel principal component analysis, as examples for successful kernel-based learning methods. We first give a short background about Vapnik-Chervonenkis theory and kernel feature spaces and then proceed to kernel based learning in supervised and unsupervised scenarios including practical and algorithmic considerations. We illustrate the usefulness of kernel algorithms by discussing applications such as optical character recognition and DNA analysis.},
affiliation = {GMD FIRST, Berlin.},
number = {2},
pages = {181--201},
volume = {12},
year = {2001},
language = {eng},
date-added = {2010-01-03 19:38:22 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-03 19:38:22 +0100},
doi = {10.1109/72.914517},
pmid = {18244377},
URL = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/72.914517},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1170},
read = {Yes},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Doehring:2009p3095,
author = {Alexandra Doehring and Nils von Hentig and Jochen Graff and Syavash Salamat and Michael Schmidt and Gerd Geisslinger and Sebastian Harder and J{\"o}rn L{\"o}tsch},
journal = {Pharmacogenet Genomics},
title = {Genetic variants altering dopamine D2 receptor expression or function modulate the risk of opiate addiction and the dosage requirements of methadone substitution},
abstract = {AIM: Addictive behavior is importantly mediated by mesolimbic dopaminergic signaling. Here, we comprehensively analyzed the DRD2 gene locus, and in addition, the ANKK1 rs1800497C>T single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), formerly known as 'dopamine D2 receptor Taq1A C>T polymorphism', for associations with the risk of opiate addiction and the methadone dosage requirements. METHODS: Allelic frequencies of DRD2/ANKK1 polymorphisms were compared between 85 methadone-substituted Caucasian patients and a random sample of 99 healthy Caucasian controls. Within patients, the average and maximum daily methadone dose during the first year of treatment and the time when that maximum dose was reached were analyzed for an association with DRD2/ANKK1 genetics. RESULTS: Compared with the control group, drug users carried more frequently the minor allele of DRD2 SNP rs1076560G>T SNP (P=0.022, odds ratio 2.343) or the ATCT haplotype of DRD2 rs1799978A>G, rs1076560G>T, rs6277C>T, ANKK1 rs1800497C>T (P=0.048, odds ratio 2.23), with similar tendencies for ANKK1 rs1800497C>T (P=0.056, odds ratio 2.12) and the TCCTCTT haplotype of DRD2 rs12364283T>C, rs1799732C del, rs4648317C>T, rs1076560G>T, rs6275C>T, rs6277C>T, and ANKK1 rs1800497C>T (P=0.059, odds ratio 2.31). The average and maximum daily methadone doses were significantly associated with the DRD2 rs6275C>T SNP (P=0.016 and 0.005 for average and maximum dose, respectively). Carriers of the variant rs6275T allele needed higher methadone doses than noncarriers. In addition, this variant was associated with a longer time to reach the maximum methadone dose (P=0.025). CONCLUSION: On the basis of an analysis spanning the whole gene locus, from the DRD2 promoter to the ANKK1 rs1800497C>T polymorphism, DRD2 genetic polymorphisms modulate both the risk of opiate addiction, leading to the necessity of methadone substitution therapy, and the course of this therapy in terms of dosage requirements.},
affiliation = {Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.},
number = {6},
pages = {407--14},
volume = {19},
year = {2009},
month = {Jun},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Receptors: Dopamine D2, Humans, Methadone, Male, Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases, Polymorphism: Single Nucleotide, Middle Aged, Female, Adult, Opioid-Related Disorders, Time Factors, Models: Genetic, Narcotics, Genetic Variation},
date-added = {2010-01-14 19:55:50 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-14 19:55:50 +0100},
doi = {10.1097/FPC.0b013e328320a3fd},
pmid = {19373123},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7

repository: sergiud/bibtex-spirit

repo_name: sergiud/bibtex-spirit

gha_license_id: MIT