text:
health complaints (MHC) were also more prevalent among girls than boys. Significant increases over time were observed for all mental well-being measures among girls and for all but confidence among boys. Similarly, there was a significant decrease in odds of MHC over time for both boys and girls. There were no socioeconomic inequalities in any of the five outcomes in 1998. However by 2006, socioeconomic inequalities in young people's happiness, confidence and MHC emerged, while inequalities in girls' helplessness also approached significance. Between 1998 and 2006 significant increases in socioeconomic inequalities in happiness and MHC were observed and increases in feeling left out also approached significance. CONCLUSIONS: Adolescent mental well-being and subjective health in Scotland is improving. However, gender differences persist and socioeconomic inequalities are emerging for some measures, suggesting that a longer term monitoring of mental well-being and subjective health in Scotland is required.},
affiliation = {Child and Adolescent Health Research Unit, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK. kate.levin@ed.ac.uk},
number = {6},
pages = {605--10},
volume = {19},
year = {2009},
month = {Dec},
language = {eng},
date-added = {2010-07-01 18:16:48 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-07-01 18:16:48 +0200},
doi = {10.1093/eurpub/ckp046},
pii = {ckp046},
pmid = {19383842},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Levin-2009-Eur%20J%20Public%20Health_Mental%20well-being%20an.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p13249},
rating = {0}
}

@book{Boeck:2004,
author = {Paul De Boeck and Mark Wilson},
journal = {Book},
title = {Explanatory Item Response Models: a Generalized Linear and Nonlinear Approach},
year = {2004},
date-added = {2010-01-03 19:37:35 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 20:46:12 +0200},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1115},
rating = {5}
}

@article{Abswoude:2004,
author = {Alexandra A H van Abswoude and L Andries van der Ark and Klaas Sijtsma},
journal = {Applied Psychological Measurement},
title = {A comparative study of test data dimensionality assessment procedures under nonparametric IRT models},
number = {1},
pages = {3--24},
volume = {28},
year = {2004},
date-added = {2010-01-10 11:33:23 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 20:42:55 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Abswoude-2004-Applied%20Psychological%20Measurement_A%20comparative%20study.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p2064},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Robins:2000p1699,
author = {J M Robins and M A Hernan and B Brumback},
journal = {Epidemiology},
title = {Marginal structural models and causal inference in epidemiology},
number = {5},
pages = {550--560},
volume = {11},
year = {2000},
keywords = {epidemiologic methods, Causality, confounding, longitudinal data, counterfactuals, intermediate variables, structural models},
date-added = {2010-01-09 19:01:43 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-09 19:03:27 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Robins-2000-Epidemiology_Marginal%20structural.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1699},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Borsboom:2006p5476,
author = {D Borsboom and C V Dolan},
journal = {Psychological Review},
title = {Why g Is Not an Adaptation: A Comment on Kanazawa (2004)},
abstract = {In S. Kanazawa's (2004) evolutionary theory of general intelligence (g), g is presented as a species- typical information-processing mechanism. This conceptualization of g departs radically from the accepted conceptualization of g as a source of individual differences that is manifest in the positive manifold. Kanazawa's theory is thus problematic in the sense that it concerns a purely hypothetical, and empirically unsupported, conceptualization of g. The authors argue that an evolutionary account of g should address it as a source of individual differences---that is, in a manner that is consistent with the empirical support for g.},
number = {2},
pages = {433--437},
volume = {113},
year = {2006},
date-added = {2010-02-12 14:30:05 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-02-12 14:31:15 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Borsboom-2006-Psychological%20Review_Why%20g%20Is%20Not%20an%20Adap.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p5476},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Rochat:2004p7464,
author = {Ryan Rochat},
journal = {Journal of Clinical Epidemiology},
title = {International differences in major depression prevalence: what do they mean?},
number = {7},
pages = {761; author reply 762},
volume = {57},
year = {2004},
month = {Jul},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Depressive Disorder, Humans, Prevalence, Cross-Cultural Comparison},
date-added = {2010-03-10 20:42:51 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-03-10 20:42:51 +0100},
doi = {10.1016/j.jclinepi.2003.12.006},
pii = {S0895435603004438},
pmid = {15358408},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Rochat-2004-Journal%20of%20Clinical%20Epidemiology_International%20differ.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p7464},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Zegers:2010p6523,
author = {Marieke Zegers and Martine C de Bruijne and Cordula Wagner and Peter P Groenewegen and Gerrit van der Wal and Henrica C W de Vet},
journal = {Journal of Clinical Epidemiology},
title = {The inter-rater agreement of retrospective assessments of adverse events does not improve with two reviewers per patient record},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the inter-rater agreement of the record review process of the Dutch Adverse Event study, which we aimed to improve by the involvement of two independent physician reviewers per record instead of one including a consensus procedure in case of disagreement. METHODS: The inter-rater agreement within pairs of physicians (independent review between physician A+B) and between pairs of physicians (independent review between physician A+B and C+D) was measured to evaluate the record review process with two physicians including a consensus procedure, with 4,272 and 119 records, respectively. RESULTS: The inter-rater agreement within pairs of physicians was substantial for the determination of adverse events (AEs) with a kappa of 0.64 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.61, 0.68). The inter-rater agreement between pairs of physicians was fair for the determination of AEs with a kappa of 0.25 (95% CI: 0.05, 0.45). CONCLUSION: A record review process with two physicians per record including a consensus procedure to assess AEs is not more reliable than a record review process with one physician. Retrospective estimates of incidence of AEs from record review studies should be interpreted with caution. Improvement of the method is necessary for monitoring incidence of AEs over time at a national level.},
affiliation = {NIVEL, Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research, P.O. box 1568, 3500 BN Utrecht, The Netherlands. m.zegers@nivel.nl},
number = {1},
pages = {94--102},
volume = {63},
year = {2010},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
date-added = {2010-02-24 20:33:07 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-02-24 20:33:07 +0100},
doi = {10.1016/j.jclinepi.2009.03.004},
pii = {S0895-4356(09)00079-1},
pmid = {19473812},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Zegers-2010-Journal%20of%20Clinical%20Epidemiology_The%20inter-rater%20agre.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p6523},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Jarvis:2006p2911,
author = {Roger M Jarvis and David Broadhurst and Helen Johnson and Noel M O'Boyle and Royston Goodacre},
journal = {Bioinformatics},
title = {PYCHEM: a multivariate analysis package for python},
abstract = {We have implemented a multivariate statistical analysis toolbox, with an optional standalone graphical user interface (GUI), using the Python scripting language. This is a free and open source project that addresses the need for a multivariate analysis toolbox in Python. Although the functionality provided does not cover the full range of multivariate tools that are available, it has a broad complement of methods that are widely used in the biological sciences. In contrast to tools like MATLAB, PyChem 2.0.0 is easily accessible and free, allows for rapid extension using a range of Python modules and is part of the growing amount of complementary and interoperable scientific software in Python based upon SciPy. One of the attractions of PyChem is that it is an open source project and so there is an opportunity, through collaboration, to increase the scope of the software and to continually evolve a user-friendly platform that has applicability across a wide range of analytical and post-genomic disciplines. AVAILABILITY: http://sourceforge.net/projects/pychem},
affiliation = {School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester PO Box 88, Sackville Street, Manchester M60 1QD, UK. Roger.Jarvis@manchester.ac.uk},
number = {20},
pages = {2565--6},
volume = {22},
year = {2006},
month = {Oct},
language = {eng},
keywords = {User-Computer Interface, Data Interpretation: Statistical, Models: Statistical, Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis, Programming Languages, Algorithms, Models: Biological, Multivariate Analysis, Computer Simulation, Software},
date-added = {2010-01-13 15:03:21 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-13 15:03:21 +0100},
doi = {10.1093/bioinformatics/btl416},
pii = {btl416},
pmid = {16882648},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Jarvis-2006-Bioinformatics_PYCHEM%20a%20multivaria.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p2911},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Maris:2005aa,
author = {Gunter Maris},
title = {FUZZY SET THEORY ⊆ PROBABILITY THEORY?},
year = {2005},
month = {Apr},
date-added = {2010-01-03 19:39:03 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-03 19:39:03 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Maris-2005-_FUZZY%20SET%20THEORY%20%E2%8A%86%20P.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1213},
rating = {0}
}

@article{DelPino:2008p12903,
author = {G Del Pino and E San Martin},
journal = {Psychometrika},
title = {On the relationships between sum score based estimation and joint maximum likelihood estimation},
abstract = {This paper analyzes the sum score based (SSB) formulation of the Rasch model, where items and sum scores of persons are considered as factors in a logit model. After reviewing the evolution leading to the equality between their maximum likelihood estimates, the SSB model is then discussed from the point of view of pseudo-likelihood and of misspecified models. This is then employed to provide new insights into the origin of the known inconsistency of the difficulty parameter estimates in the Rasch model. The main results consist of exact relationships between the estimated standard errors for both models; and, for the ability parameters, an upper bound for the estimated standard errors of the Rasch model in terms of those for the SSB model, which are more easily available.},
number = {1},
pages = {145--151},
volume = {73},
year = {2008},
date-added = {2010-06-24 17:24:51 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-06-24 17:27:06 +0200},
doi = {10.1007/S11336-007-9023-2},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Del%20Pino-2008-Psychometrika_On%20the%20relationships.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p12903},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Bates:2003p520,
author = {Douglas M Bates and Saikat DebRoy},
journal = {Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Distributed Statistical Computing (DSC 2003)},
title = {Converting a large R package to S4 classes and methods},
abstract = {The nlme package for fitting and examining linear and nonlinear mixed- effects models in R is a required package and also one of the largest R packages. In the first phase of a project to extend the capabilities of the nlme package to include generalized linear mixed models (glmm's), we reimplemented linear mixed-effects (lme) models using `S4' classes and methods, as described in John Chambers' book ``Programming with Data'' and as implemented in the methods package for R. Our general goals for this phase are to incorporate new theoretical and computational developments for the lme model and to provide a faster, cleaner implementation of lme fits in R while including hooks for later extensions to the glmm model and the nlme model. In particular, we use our reStruct (random-effects structure) class in iterative PQL fits for glmm's, based on Brian Ripley's function glmmPQL from the MASS package.
As described in ``Programming with Data'', classes, slots and inheritance relationships must be declared explicitly when using the methods package. Although such formal declarations require package authors to be more disciplined than when using informal `S3' classes, they provide assurance that each object in a class has the required slots and that the names and classes of data in the slots are consistent. This is important to us because we are trying to achieve both efficiency and flexibility. We provide flexibility by defining many classes and methods and by using multiple-argument signatures in method declarations. We achieve efficiency by implementing many methods in C code using the .Call interface and through liberal use of GET_SLOT and SET_SLOT within the C code.
We feel that the new implementation is much cleaner and easier to understand than the previous implementation, due in large part to the more extensive use of classes and methods. It is definitely faster and can handle larger problems than the previous implementation.},
pages = {1--8},
year = {2003},
date-added = {2010-01-03 13:26:37 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-03 13:29:12 +0100},
URL = {http://www.ci.tuwien.ac.at/Conferences/DSC-2003/},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Bates-2003-Proceedings%20of%20the%203rd%20International%20Workshop%20on%20Distributed%20Statistical%20Computing%20(DSC%202003)_Converting%20a%20large%20R.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p520},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Baker:2009p3081,
author = {Timothy B Baker and Robert B Weiss and Daniel Bolt and Andrew von Niederhausern and Michael C Fiore and Diane M Dunn and Megan E Piper and Nori Matsunami and Stevens S Smith and Hilary Coon and William M McMahon and Mary B Scholand and Nanda Singh and John R Hoidal and Su-Young Kim and Mark F Leppert and Dale S Cannon},
journal = {Nicotine Tob Res},
title = {Human neuronal acetylcholine receptor A5-A3-B4 haplotypes are associated with multiple nicotine dependence phenotypes},
abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Previous research revealed significant associations between haplotypes in the CHRNA5-A3-B4 subunit cluster and scores on the Fagerstr{\"o}m Test for Nicotine Dependence among individuals reporting daily smoking by age 17. The present study used subsamples of participants from that study to investigate associations between the CHRNA5-A3-B4 haplotypes and an array of phenotypes not analyzed previously (i.e., withdrawal severity, ability to stop smoking, and specific scales on the Wisconsin Inventory of Smoking Dependence Motives (WISDM-68) that reflect loss of control, strong craving, and heavy smoking. METHODS: Two cohorts of current or former smokers (N = 886) provided both self-report data and DNA samples. One sample (Wisconsin) comprised smokers making a quit smoking attempt, which permitted the assessment of withdrawal and relapse during the attempt. The other sample (Utah) comprised participants studied for risk factors for nicotine dependence and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and included individuals originally recruited in the Lung Health Study. RESULTS: The CHRNA5-A3-B4 haplotypes were significantly associated with the targeted WISDM-68 scales (Tolerance, Craving, Loss of Control) in both samples of participants but only among individuals who began smoking early in life. The haplotypes were significantly associated with relapse likelihood and withdrawal severity, but these associations showed no evidence of an interaction with age at daily smoking. DISCUSSION: The CHRNA5-A3-B4 haplotypes are associated with a broad range of nicotine dependence phenotypes, but these associations are not consistently moderated by age at initial smoking.},
affiliation = {Department of Medicine, Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 1930 Monroe Street, Suite 200, Madison, WI 53711, USA. tbb@ctri.medicine.wisc.edu},
number = {7},
pages = {785--96},
volume = {11},
year = {2009},
month = {Jul},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Male, Humans, Utah, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Tobacco Use Disorder, Haplotypes, Receptors: Nicotinic, Polymorphism: Single Nucleotide, Middle Aged, Behavior: Addictive, Female, Aged, Adult, Risk Factors, Wisconsin, Smoking, Phenotype},
date-added = {2010-01-14 19:55:31 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:41:55 +0200},
doi = {10.1093/ntr/ntp064},
pii = {ntp064},
pmid = {19436041},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p3081},
rating = {0}
}

@article{TuckerDrob:2009p9084,
author = {Elliot M Tucker-Drob and K Paige Harden and Eric Turkheimer},
journal = {Behav Genet},
title = {Combining nonlinear biometric and psychometric models of cognitive abilities},
abstract = {It is well-established that genetic factors account for large proportions of individual differences in multiple cognitive abilities. It is also well-established that individual differences in performance on many different cognitive ability measures are strongly correlated. Recent empirical investigations, however, have suggested two interesting qualifications to these well-established findings: Genetic variance in cognitive abilities is higher in richer home environments (gene-by-environment interaction), and common variance in different cognitive abilities is lower at higher levels of overall ability (nonlinear factor structure). Although they have been investigated independently, these two phenomena may interact, because richer environments are routinely associated with higher ability levels. Using simulation we demonstrate how un-modeled nonlinear factor structure can obscure interpretation of gene-by-environment interaction. We then reanalyze data from the National Collaborative Perinatal Project, previously used by Turkheimer et al. (2003; Psychol Science), with a two-step method to model both phenomena.},
affiliation = {Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, P.O. Box 400400, Charlottesville, VA, 22904-4400, USA. tuckerdrob@virginia.edu},
number = {5},
pages = {461--71},
volume = {39},
year = {2009},
month = {Sep},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Twins: Monozygotic, Social Class, Intelligence, Humans, Twins: Dizygotic, Computer Simulation, Male, Mental Processes, Models: Genetic, Cognition, Databases: Factual, Psychometrics, Genetic Variation, Female, Environment, Models: Statistical},
date-added = {2010-03-22 13:22:15 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 20:09:06 +0200},
doi = {10.1007/s10519-009-9288-6},
pmid = {19633945},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Tucker-Drob-2009-Behav%20Genet_Combining%20nonlinear.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p9084},
rating = {5}
}

@article{Kenny:2010p2924,
author = {D Kenny},
title = {Correlation and causality},
date-added = {2010-01-13 22:11:19 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-13 22:11:47 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Kenny--_Correlation%20and%20caus.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p2924},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Tuerlinckx:2006p12898,
author = {F Tuerlinckx and F Rijmen and G Verbeke and Paul De Boeck},
journal = {British Journal of Mathematical {\&} Statistical Psychology},
title = {Statistical inference in generalized linear mixed models: A review},
abstract = {We present a review of statistical inference in generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs). GLMMs are an extension of generalized linear models and are suitable for the analysis of non-normal data with a clustered structure. A GLMM contains parameters common to all clusters (fixed regression effects and variance components) and cluster-specific parameters. The latter parameters are assumed to be randomly drawn from a population distribution. The parameters of this population distribution (the variance components) have to be estimated together with the fixed effects. We focus on the case in which the cluster-specific parameters are normally distributed. The cluster-specific effects are integrated out of the likelihood so that the fixed effects and variance components can be estimated. Unfortunately, the integral over the cluster-specific effects is intractable for most GLMMs with a normal mixing distribution. Within a classical statistical framework, we distinguish between two broad classes of methods to handle this intractable integral: methods that rely on a numerical approximation to the integral and methods that use an analytical approximation to the integrand. Finally, we present an overview of available methods for testing hypotheses about the parameters of GLMMs.},
pages = {225--255},
volume = {59},
year = {2006},
date-added = {2010-06-24 13:57:15 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 20:46:12 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Tuerlinckx-2006-British%20Journal%20of%20Mathematical%20&%20Statistical%20Psychology_Statistical%20inferenc-1.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p12898},
rating = {5}
}

@article{Cantillon:329,
author = {P Cantillon and B Irish and D Sales},
journal = {BMJ},
title = {Using computers for assessment in medicine},
pages = {606--609},
volume = {329},
year = {2004},
date-added = {2010-01-10 11:33:17 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-10 11:33:25 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Cantillon-2004-BMJ_Using%20computers%20for.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p2223},
rating = {0}
}

@techreport{Cazievel:2000,
author = {V Cazievel},
journal = {Techreport},
title = {Estimation for the Rasch Model under a linkage structure: a case study},
affiliation = {Dipartimento di Matematica, Statistica, Informatica e Applicazioni "Lorenzo Mascheroni"},
year = {2000},
date-added = {2010-01-10 11:33:19 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-10 11:33:25 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Cazievel-2000-Techreport_Estimation%20for%20the%20R.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p2034},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Kallman:2007p4546,
author = {Jillian Kallman and Mary Margaret O'Neil and Brett Larive and Navdeep Boparai and Leonard Calabrese and Zobair M Younossi},
journal = {Dig Dis Sci},
title = {Fatigue and health-related quality of life (HRQL) in chronic hepatitis C virus infection},
abstract = {In addition to chronic hepatitis, many individuals infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) suffer from fatigue, which may compromise their health-related quality of life (HRQL). To assess systematically health-related quality of life (HRQL) in patients with chronic hepatitis C and to determine if any clinical, biochemical, virologic, demographic, and histologic features are associated with HRQL status. In this cross-sectional observational study, one hundred thirty patients with chronic HCV infection (HCV RNA positive by PCR) and 61 healthy controls were enrolled from a tertiary care teaching medical center. All patients and controls completed one generic HRQL questionnaire (MOS SF-36) and one liver-disease specific instrument (Chronic Liver Disease Questionnaire, CLDQ). Ninety-five HCV patients and all the controls also completed a fatigue questionnaire (Chronic Fatigue Screener, CFS) and had immunologic markers determined (Cryoglobulin, Soluble IL-2 receptors, Rheumatoid Factor). We compared the HRQL of HCV-infected patients to the controls and, using data from other studies, to the general population, patients with diabetes, and patients with chronic low back pain. Patients with chronic HCV had greater HRQL impairment than healthy controls and those with type II diabetes. Fatigue was the most important symptom with negative impact on HRQL. Sixty-one percent of HCV-infected patients reported fatigue-related loss of activity. Additionally, other factors associated with HRQL were gender and histologic cirrhosis. Chronic HCV infection has a profound negative impact on patients' HRQL. Disabling fatigue is the most important factor that contributes to loss of well-being in this relatively young group of patients.},
affiliation = {Center for Liver Diseases at Inova Fairfax Hospital, Falls Church, 3289 Woodburn Road, Suite 375, Annandale, Virginia 22003, USA.},
number = {10},
pages = {2531--9},
volume = {52},
year = {2007},
month = {Oct},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Hepatitis C Antibodies, Hepatitis C: Chronic, Male, Female, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Cross-Sectional Studies, Questionnaires, Fatigue, Health Status, Severity of Illness Index, Humans, Prevalence, RNA: Viral, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Middle Aged, Hepacivirus, Ohio, Quality of Life},
date-added = {2010-01-29 22:29:50 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-29 22:29:50 +0100},
doi = {10.1007/s10620-006-9708-x},
pmid = {17406828},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p4546},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Joyce:2006p1561,
author = {Andrew R Joyce and Bernhard {\O} Palsson},
journal = {Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol},
title = {The model organism as a system: integrating 'omics' data sets},
abstract = {Various technologies can be used to produce genome-scale, or 'omics', data sets that provide systems-level measurements for virtually all types of cellular components in a model organism. These data yield unprecedented views of the cellular inner workings. However, this abundance of information also presents many hurdles, the main one being the extraction of discernable biological meaning from multiple omics data sets. Nevertheless, researchers are rising to the challenge by using omics data integration to address fundamental biological questions that would increase our understanding of systems as a whole.},
affiliation = {Bioinformatics Program, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0412, USA. ajoyce@ucsd.edu},
number = {3},
pages = {198--210},
volume = {7},
year = {2006},
month = {Mar},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Transcription: Genetic, Genome, Cell Physiological Phenomena, Models: Biological, Animals, Genomics, Proteins, Neural Networks (Computer), DNA, Proteome},
date-added = {2010-01-07 16:48:29 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-06-24 13:07:55 +0200},
doi = {10.1038/nrm1857},
pii = {nrm1857},
pmid = {16496022},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Joyce-2006-Nat%20Rev%20Mol%20Cell%20Biol_The%20model%20organism%20a.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1561},
rating = {4}
}

@article{Soltesz:2010p8339,
author = {Fruzsina Solt{\'e}sz and D{\'e}nes Szucs and L{\'\i}via Szucs},
journal = {Behav Brain Funct},
title = {Relationships between magnitude representation, counting and memory in 4- to 7-year-old children: A developmental study},
abstract = {ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: The development of an evolutionarily grounded analogue magnitude representation linked to the parietal lobes is frequently thought to be a major factor in the arithmetic development of humans. We investigated the relationship between counting and the development of magnitude representation in children, assessing also children's knowledge of number symbols, their arithmetic fact retrieval, their verbal skills, and their numerical and verbal short-term memory. METHODS: The magnitude representation was tested by a non-symbolic magnitude comparison task. We have perfected previous experimental designs measuring magnitude discrimination skills in 65 children kindergarten (4-7-year-olds) by controlling for several variables which were not controlled for in previous similar research. We also used a large number of trials which allowed for running a full factorial ANOVA including all relevant factors. Tests of verbal counting, of short term memory, of number knowledge, of problem solving abilities and of verbal fluency were administered and correlated with performance in the magnitude comparison task. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Verbal counting knowledge and performance on simple arithmetic tests did not correlate with non-symbolic magnitude comparison at any age. Older children performed successfully on the number comparison task, showing behavioural patterns consistent with an analogue magnitude representation. In contrast, 4-year-olds were unable to discriminate number independently of task-irrelevant perceptual variables. Sensitivity to irrelevant perceptual features of the magnitude discrimination task was also affected by age, and correlated with memory, suggesting that more general cognitive abilities may play a role in performance in magnitude comparison tasks. CONCLUSION: We conclude that young children are not able to discriminate numerical magnitudes when co-varying physical magnitudes are methodically pitted against number. We propose, along with others, that a rather domain general magnitude representation provides the later basis for a specialized representation of numerical magnitudes. For this representational specialization, the acquisition of the concept of abstract numbers, together with the development of other cognitive abilities, is indispensable.},
affiliation = {Centre for Neuroscience in Education, Faculty of Education, University of Cambridge, UK. fs299@cam.ac.uk.},
pages = {13},
volume = {6},
year = {2010},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
date-added = {2010-03-21 12:40:41 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:18:41 +0200},
doi = {10.1186/1744-9081-6-13},
pii = {1744-9081-6-13},
pmid = {20167066},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Solt%C3%A9sz-2010-Behav%20Brain%20Funct_Relationships%20betwee.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p8339},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Dubayova:2009p9443,
author = {Tatiana Dubayova and Iveta Nagyova and Eva Havlikova and Jaroslav Rosenberger and Zuzana Gdovinova and Berrie Middel and Jitse P van Dijk and Johan W Groothoff},
journal = {Qual Life Res},
title = {Neuroticism and extraversion in association with quality of life in patients with Parkinson's disease},
abstract = {PURPOSE: Personality traits appear as determinants of quality of life (QoL) in most chronic diseases. The aim of this study is to explore whether neuroticism and extraversion contribute to the variance in QoL in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) when controlled for age, functional status and disease duration. METHODS: The Parkinson's Disease Quality of Life Questionnaire (PDQ-39) was used to assess QoL and the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) for disease severity. Neuroticism and extraversion were measured with the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQR-A). Multiple linear regression analysis was then used to assess the contribution of neuroticism and extraversion to QoL. RESULTS: The sample consisted of 153 PD patients (48.4% women; 67.9 +/- 9.3 years; mean disease duration 7.5 +/- 5.8 years). Neuroticism was, after disease severity, the second most important variable associated with QoL in PD patients, in particular for domains associated with psychological processes: emotional well-being, social support, stigma and communication. A higher score in extraversion was significantly associated with better emotional well-being in males, but surprisingly, with worse emotional well-being in females. CONCLUSIONS: After functional status, personality traits were clearly associated with QoL in PD patients. Therefore, they should be taken into account by health-care professionals in their appraisal of patient complaints.},
affiliation = {Kosice Institute for Society and Health, P. J. Safarik University, Kosice, Slovakia. dubayovat@unipo.sk},
number = {1},
pages = {33--42},
volume = {18},
year = {2009},
month = {Feb},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Extraversion (Psychology), Quality of Life, Male, Neurotic Disorders, Female, Aged, Parkinson Disease, Questionnaires, Slovakia, Middle Aged, Humans},
date-added = {2010-03-23 19:36:33 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:48:29 +0200},
doi = {10.1007/s11136-008-9410-x},
pmid = {18989757},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Dubayova-2009-Qual%20Life%20Res_Neuroticism%20and%20extr.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p9443},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Fisher:2006p10476,
author = {Simon E Fisher},
journal = {Cognition},
title = {Tangled webs: tracing the connections between genes and cognition},
abstract = {The rise of molecular genetics is having a pervasive influence in a wide variety of fields, including research into neurodevelopmental disorders like dyslexia, speech and language impairments, and autism. There are many studies underway which are attempting to determine the roles of genetic factors in the aetiology of these disorders. Beyond the obvious implications for diagnosis, treatment and understanding, success in these efforts promises to shed light on the links between genes and aspects of cognition and behaviour. However, the deceptive simplicity of finding correlations between genetic and phenotypic variation has led to a common misconception that there exist straightforward linear relationships between specific genes and particular behavioural and/or cognitive outputs. The problem is exacerbated by the adoption of an abstract view of the nature of the gene, without consideration of molecular, developmental or ontogenetic frameworks. To illustrate the limitations of this perspective, I select two cases from recent research into the genetic underpinnings of neurodevelopmental disorders. First, I discuss the proposal that dyslexia can be dissected into distinct components specified by different genes. Second, I review the story of the FOXP2 gene and its role in human speech and language. In both cases, adoption of an abstract concept of the gene can lead to erroneous conclusions, which are incompatible with current knowledge of molecular and developmental systems. Genes do not specify behaviours or cognitive processes; they make regulatory factors, signalling molecules, receptors, enzymes, and so on, that interact in highly complex networks, modulated by environmental influences, in order to build and maintain the brain. I propose that it is necessary for us to fully embrace the complexity of biological systems, if we are ever to untangle the webs that link genes to cognition.},
affiliation = {Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK. simon.fisher@well.ox.ac.uk <simon.fisher@well.ox.ac.uk>},
number = {2},
pages = {270--97},
volume = {101},
year = {2006},
month = {Sep},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Forkhead Transcription Factors, Cognition Disorders, Dyslexia, Autistic Disorder, Humans},
date-added = {2010-04-07 11:10:31 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-04-07 11:10:31 +0200},
doi = {10.1016/j.cognition.2006.04.004},
pii = {S0010-0277(06)00074-6},
pmid = {16764847},
URL = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6T24-4K4WMYF-1&_user=2432700&_coverDate=09%252F30%252F2006&_rdoc=1&_fmt=high&_orig=search&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_acct=C000057263&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=2432700&md5=64891d1408680a9ca657d3d3b8b1d9f0},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Fisher-2006-Cognition_Tangled%20webs%20tracin.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p10476},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Saemundsen:2007p10985,
author = {Evald Saemundsen and Petur Ludvigsson and Ingibjorg Hilmarsdottir and Vilhjalmur Rafnsson},
journal = {Epilepsia},
title = {Autism spectrum disorders in children with seizures in the first year of life - a population-based study},
abstract = {PURPOSE: To describe autistic spectrum disorders (ASDs) in a cohort of children with history of unprovoked seizures other than infantile spasms in the first year of life. METHODS: The source of data was computer records from all the three pediatric departments in Iceland. Children diagnosed 1982-2000 with unprovoked seizures with onset between 28 days and 12 months of age (N = 102) were invited to participate in a study. Children with known developmental disorders and those whose parents had concerns regarding their child's development or behavior were investigated for possible ASD. Parents were asked to complete the Social Communication Questionnaire and children scoring 10 points or higher were further examined with the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised and observational measures. RESULTS: Eighty-four children (82.4%), 28 boys and 56 girls, participated in the study and 36.9% (31/84) were investigated for possible ASD. Twenty-four (28.6%) had at least one neurodevelopmental disorder, 14.3% had mental retardation (MR), and six (7.1%) were diagnosed with ASD, all of whom also had MR and three of whom had congenital brain abnormalities. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the estimated prevalence of ASD is higher in children with history of seizure in the first year of life than it is in the general population. There are indications that support the view that children with ASD and history of seizure in the first year of life have higher prevalence of congenital brain abnormalities and are more often female, than other children with ASD.},
affiliation = {State Diagnostic and Counseling Center, Division of Autism and Communication Disorders, Kopavogur, Iceland. evald@greining.is},
number = {9},
pages = {1724--30},
volume = {48},
year = {2007},
month = {Sep},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Epilepsy, Questionnaires, Prevalence, Humans, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Adolescent, Adult, Mass Screening, Child, Age Factors, Age of Onset, Family, Autistic Disorder, Sex Factors, Child: Preschool, Parents, Comorbidity, Intelligence Tests, Neuropsychological Tests, Female, Cohort Studies, Male, Iceland},
date-added = {2010-04-13 16:27:38 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-04-13 16:27:38 +0200},
doi = {10.1111/j.1528-1167.2007.01150.x},
pii = {EPI1150},
pmid = {17555525},
URL = {http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/117958212/abstract},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Saemundsen-2007-Epilepsia_Autism%20spectrum%20diso.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p10985},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Robert:2009p13334,
author = {Christian P Robert and Kerrie L Mengersen and Carla Chen},
journal = {arXiv},
title = {Model choice versus model criticism},
abstract = { The new perspectives on ABC and Bayesian model criticisms presented in Ratmann et al.(2009) are challenging standard approaches to Bayesian model choice. We discuss here some issues arising from the authors' approach, including prior influence, model assessment and criticism, and the meaning of error in ABC. },
annote = {This is a comment on the recent paper by Ratmann, Andrieu, Wiuf, and
  Richardson (PNAS, 106), submitted too late for PNAS to consider it},
eprint = {0909.5673v2},
volume = {stat.ME},
year = {2009},
month = {Sep},
keywords = {stat.CO, stat.ME},
date-added = {2010-07-01 19:08:03 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-07-01 19:08:03 +0200},
pmid = {0909.5673v2},
URL = {http://arxiv.org/abs/0909.5673v2},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Robert-2009-arXiv_Model%20choice%20versus.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p13334},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Godambe:1955p6323,
author = {V P Godambe},
journal = {Journal of the Royal Society, Serie B},
title = {A Unified Theory of Sampling From Finite Populations},
number = {2},
pages = {269--278},
volume = {17},
year = {1955},
date-added = {2010-02-20 21:17:25 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:38:24 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Godambe-1955-Journal%20of%20the%20Royal%20Society%20Serie%20B_A%20Unified%20Theory%20of.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p6323},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Bush:2008p6632,
author = {William S Bush and Todd L Edwards and Scott M Dudek and Brett A McKinney and Marylyn D Ritchie},
journal = {BMC Bioinformatics},
title = {Alternative contingency table measures improve the power and detection of multifactor dimensionality reduction},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Multifactor Dimensionality Reduction (MDR) has been introduced previously as a non-parametric statistical method for detecting gene-gene interactions. MDR performs a dimensional reduction by assigning multi-locus genotypes to either high- or low-risk groups and measuring the percentage of cases and controls incorrectly labelled by this classification - the classification error. The combination of variables that produces the lowest classification error is selected as the best or most fit model. The correctly and incorrectly labelled cases and controls can be expressed as a two-way contingency table. We sought to improve the ability of MDR to detect gene-gene interactions by replacing classification error with a different measure to score model quality. RESULTS: In this study, we compare the detection and power of MDR using a variety of measures for two-way contingency table analysis. We simulated 40 genetic models, varying the number of disease loci in the model (2 - 5), allele frequencies of the disease loci (.2/.8 or .4/.6) and the broad-sense heritability of the model (.05 - .3). Overall, detection using NMI was 65.36% across all models, and specific detection was 59.4% versus detection using classification error at 62% and specific detection was 52.2%. CONCLUSION: Of the 10 measures evaluated, the likelihood ratio and normalized mutual information (NMI) are measures that consistently improve the detection and power of MDR in simulated data over using classification error. These measures also reduce the inclusion of spurious variables in a multi-locus model. Thus, MDR, which has already been demonstrated as a powerful tool for detecting gene-gene interactions, can be improved with the use of alternative fitness functions.},
affiliation = {Center for Human Genetics Research, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA. wbush@chgr.mc.vanderbilt.edu},
pages = {238},
volume = {9},
year = {2008},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Weights and Measures, Models: Genetic, Risk Assessment, Odds Ratio, Bias (Epidemiology), Sensitivity and Specificity, Information Storage and Retrieval, Genotype, Genetic Markers, Statistics: Nonparametric, Gene Frequency, Diagnostic Errors, Gene Regulatory Networks},
date-added = {2010-03-03 20:35:15 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-03-03 20:35:15 +0100},
doi = {10.1186/1471-2105-9-238},
pii = {1471-2105-9-238},
pmid = {18485205},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p6632},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Andersson:2000p2428,
author = {C A Andersson and R Bro},
journal = {Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory Systems},
title = {The N-way Toolbox for MATLAB},
abstract = {This communication describes a free toolbox for MATLABw	for analysis of multiway data. The toolbox is called ``The N-way Toolbox for MATLAB'' and is available on the internet at http:rrwww.models.kvl.dkrsourcer. This communica- tion is by no means an attempt to summarize or review the extensive work done in multiway data analysis but is intended solely for informing the reader of the existence, functionality, and applicability of the N-way Toolbox for MATLAB. q2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.},
pages = {1--4},
volume = {52},
year = {2000},
date-added = {2010-01-11 23:30:47 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-11 23:31:32 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Andersson-2000-Chemometrics%20and%20Intelligent%20Laboratory%20Systems_The%20N-way%20Toolbox%20fo.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p2428},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Tu:2009p4694,
author = {Yu-Kang Tu},
journal = {Int J Epidemiol},
title = {Commentary: Is structural equation modelling a step forward for epidemiologists?},
affiliation = {Biostatistics Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Leeds Institute for Genetics, Health and Therapeutics, and Leeds Dental Institute, University of Leeds, UK. y.k.tu@leeds.ac.uk},
number = {2},
pages = {549--51},
volume = {38},
year = {2009},
month = {Apr},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Fetal Development, Young Adult, Male, Causality, Female, Models: Statistical, Blood Pressure, Models: Cardiovascular, Humans},
date-added = {2010-01-30 16:17:11 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-30 16:17:11 +0100},
doi = {10.1093/ije/dyn346},
pii = {dyn346},
pmid = {19153137},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Tu-2009-Int%20J%20Epidemiol_Commentary%20Is%20struc.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p4694},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Romano:2007p4751,
author = {J P Romano and A M Shaikh and M Wolf},
title = {Formalized Data Snooping Based on Generalized Error Rates},
abstract = {It is common in econometric applications that several hypothesis tests are carried out simul- taneously. The problem then becomes how to decide which hypotheses to reject, accounting for the multitude of tests. The classical approach is to control the familywise error rate (FWE) which is the probability of one or more false rejections. But when the number of hypotheses under consideration is large, control of the FWE can become too demanding. As a result, the number of false hypotheses rejected may be small or even zero. This suggests replacing control of the FWE by a more liberal measure. To this end, we review a number of recent proposals from the statistical literature. We briefly discuss how these procedures apply to the general problem of model selection. A simulation study and two empirical applications illustrate the methods.},
year = {2007},
date-added = {2010-02-01 12:03:53 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-02-01 12:05:09 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Romano-2007-_Formalized%20Data%20Snoo.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p4751},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Spekle:2010p12298,
author = {Erwin M Spekle and Marco Jm Hoozemans and Birgitte M Blatter and Judith Heinrich and Allard J van der Beek and Dirk L Knol and Paulien M Bongers and Jaap H van Dieen},
journal = {BMC musculoskeletal disorders},
title = {Effectiveness of a questionnaire based intervention programme on the prevalence of arm, shoulder and neck symptoms, risk factors and sick leave in computer workers: A cluster randomised controlled trial in an occupational setting},
abstract = {ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Arm, shoulder and neck symptoms are very prevalent among computer workers. In an attempt to reduce these symptoms, a large occupational health service in the Netherlands developed a preventive programme on exposure to risk factors, prevalence of arm, shoulder and neck symptoms, and sick leave in computer workers. The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of this intervention programme. METHODS: The study was a randomised controlled trial. The participants were assigned to either the intervention group or the usual care group by means of cluster randomisation. At baseline and after 12 months of follow-up, the participants completed the RSI QuickScan questionnaire on exposure to the risk factors and on the prevalence of arm, shoulder and neck symptoms. A tailor-made intervention programme was proposed to participants with a high risk profile at baseline. Examples of implemented interventions are an individual workstation check, a visit to the occupational health physician and an education programme on the prevention of arm, shoulder and neck symptoms. The primary outcome measure was the prevalence of arm, shoulder and neck symptoms. Secondary outcome measures were the scores on risk factors for arm, shoulder and neck symptoms and the number of days of sick leave. Sick leave data was obtained from the companies. Multilevel analyses were used to test the effectiveness. RESULTS: Of the 1,673 persons invited to participate in the study, 1,183 persons (71%) completed the baseline questionnaire and 741 persons participated at baseline as well as at 12-month follow-up. At 12-month follow-up, the intervention group showed a significant positive change (OR=0.48) in receiving information on healthy computer use, as well as a significant positive change regarding risk indicators for work posture and movement, compared to the usual care group. There were no significant differences in changes in the prevalence of arm, shoulder and neck symptoms or sick leave between the intervention and usual care group. CONCLUSIONS: The effects of the RSI QuickScan intervention programme were small, possibly as a result of difficulties with the implementation process of the proposed interventions. However, some significant positive effects were found as to an increase in receiving education and a decrease in exposure to adverse postures and movements. With regard to symptoms and sick leave, only small and non-significant effects were found. Trial registration Netherlands National Trial Register NTR1117.},
number = {1},
pages = {99},
volume = {11},
year = {2010},
month = {May},
language = {ENG},
date-added = {2010-06-09 20:57:11 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:20:35 +0200},
doi = {10.1186/1471-2474-11-99},
pii = {1471-2474-11-99},
pmid = {20507548},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Spekle-2010-BMC%20musculoskeletal%20disorders_Effectiveness%20of%20a%20q.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p12298},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Deary:2010p8901,
author = {Ian J Deary and Lars Penke and Wendy Johnson},
journal = {Nat Rev Neurosci},
title = {The neuroscience of human intelligence differences},
abstract = {Neuroscience is contributing to an understanding of the biological bases of human intelligence differences. This work is principally being conducted along two empirical fronts: genetics--quantitative and molecular--and brain imaging. Quantitative genetic studies have established that there are additive genetic contributions to different aspects of cognitive ability--especially general intelligence--and how they change through the lifespan. Molecular genetic studies have yet to identify reliably reproducible contributions from individual genes. Structural and functional brain-imaging studies have identified differences in brain pathways, especially parieto-frontal pathways, that contribute to intelligence differences. There is also evidence that brain efficiency correlates positively with intelligence.},
affiliation = {Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK. i.deary@ed.ac.uk},
number = {3},
pages = {201--11},
volume = {11},
year = {2010},
month = {Mar},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Humans, Cognition, Brain Mapping, Brain, Thinking, Individuality, Intelligence Tests, Intelligence, Learning},
date-added = {2010-03-22 12:51:52 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-03-22 12:51:52 +0100},
doi = {10.1038/nrn2793},
pii = {nrn2793},
pmid = {20145623},
URL = {http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/vaop/ncurrent/abs/nrn2793.html},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Deary-2010-Nat%20Rev%20Neurosci_The%20neuroscience%20of.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p8901},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Ramsay:2010p11865,
author = {Claire E Ramsay and Glen R Abedi and John D Marson and Michael T Compton},
journal = {J Psychiatr Res},
title = {Overview and initial validation of two detailed, multidimensional, retrospective measures of substance use: The Lifetime Substance Use Recall (LSUR) and Longitudinal Substance Use Recall for 12 Weeks (LSUR-12) Instruments},
abstract = {Research on comorbidities between substance use disorders and serious mental illnesses would be facilitated by new methods for collecting comprehensive data on substance use, including data on onset, progression, frequency, amounts, and consequential behaviors. Given substantial limitations of available instruments, and a nearly complete absence of methodologies that allow derivation of continuous measures that estimate dose or cumulative exposure, this report describes the development and initial validation of two interviewer-administered, multidimensional measures of substance use, the Lifetime Substance Use Recall (LSUR) and Longitudinal Substance Use Recall for 12 Weeks (LSUR-12) Instruments. Participants (n=60) in an ongoing study of first-episode psychosis were evaluated with the LSUR, LSUR-12, and a number of other concurrent measures pertaining to substance use, substance use disorder diagnoses, select demographic features, and two personality traits. Specific a priori hypothesis tests were selected to demonstrate validity, relying on effect sizes to estimate strengths of association, considering small-to-medium correlations (e.g., rho) as |.20-.50| and medium-to-large effect sizes as >|.50|. Numerous associations were observed between key nicotine-, alcohol-, and cannabis-related variables from the LSUR and LSUR-12 and scores from other concurrently administered measures. These findings provide a thorough initial validation of scores obtained with the new multidimensional instruments. Although validity of the two new measures of lifetime and past 12-week substance use was demonstrated, empirical data on inter-rater and test-retest reliability are needed. Careful development, and demonstration of psychometric properties, of these and related instruments may advance the fields of addiction and comorbidity research.},
affiliation = {Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Atlanta, Georgia, United States.},
pages = {},
year = {2010},
month = {May},
language = {ENG},
date-added = {2010-05-23 11:48:47 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-05-23 11:49:03 +0200},
doi = {10.1016/j.jpsychires.2010.04.018},
pii = {S0022-3956(10)00128-7},
pmid = {20488461},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Ramsay-2010-J%20Psychiatr%20Res_Overview%20and%20initial.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p11865},
rating = {4}
}

@article{Steffens:2006p538,
author = {Michael Steffens and Claudia Lamina and Thomas Illig and Thomas Bettecken and Rainer Vogler and Patricia Entz and Eun-Kyung Suk and Mohammad Reza Toliat and Norman Klopp and Amke Caliebe and Inke R K{\"o}nig and Karola K{\"o}hler and Jan Ludemann and Amalia Diaz Lacava and Rolf Fimmers and Peter Lichtner and Andreas Ziegler and Andreas Wolf and Michael Krawczak and Peter N{\=u}rnberg and Jochen Hampe and Stefan Schreiber and Thomas Meitinger and H-Erich Wichmann and Kathryn Roeder and Thomas F Wienker and Max P Baur},
journal = {Hum Hered},
title = {SNP-based analysis of genetic substructure in the German population},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relevance and necessity to account for the effects of population substructure on association studies under a case-control design in central Europe, we analysed three samples drawn from different geographic areas of Germany. Two of the three samples, POPGEN (n = 720) and SHIP (n = 709), are from north and north-east Germany, respectively, and one sample, KORA (n = 730), is from southern Germany. METHODS: Population genetic differentiation was measured by classical F-statistics for different marker sets, either consisting of genome-wide selected coding SNPs located in functional genes, or consisting of selectively neutral SNPs from 'genomic deserts'. Quantitative estimates of the degree of stratification were performed comparing the genomic control approach [Devlin B, Roeder K: Biometrics 1999;55:997-1004], structured association [Pritchard JK, Stephens M, Donnelly P: Genetics 2000;155:945-959] and sophisticated methods like random forests [Breiman L: Machine Learning 2001;45:5-32]. RESULTS: F-statistics showed that there exists a low genetic differentiation between the samples along a north-south gradient within Germany (F(ST)(KORA/POPGEN): 1.7 . 10(-4); F(ST)(KORA/SHIP): 5.4 . 10(-4); F(ST)(POPGEN/SHIP): -1.3 . 10(-5)). CONCLUSION: Although the F(ST )-values are very small, indicating a minor degree of population structure, and are too low to be detectable from methods without using prior information of subpopulation membership, such as STRUCTURE [Pritchard JK, Stephens M, Donnelly P: Genetics 2000;155:945-959], they may be a possible source for confounding due to population stratification.},
affiliation = {Institute of Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University, Bonn, Germany. steffens@imbie.meb.uni-bonn.de},
number = {1},
pages = {20--9},
volume = {62},
year = {2006},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Polymorphism: Single Nucleotide, Population Groups, Humans, Genome: Human, Genetics: Population, Case-Control Studies, Models: Genetic, Genetic Variation, Genotype, Germany},
date-added = {2010-01-03 14:02:34 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-03 14:02:34 +0100},
doi = {10.1159/000095850},
pii = {HHE2006062001020},
pmid = {17003564},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p538},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Telzer:2008p10193,
author = {Eva H Telzer and Karin Mogg and Brendan P Bradley and Xiaoqin Mai and Monique Ernst and Daniel S Pine and Christopher S Monk},
journal = {Biol Psychol},
title = {Relationship between trait anxiety, prefrontal cortex, and attention bias to angry faces in children and adolescents},
abstract = {Using event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) with a visual-probe task that assesses attention to threat, we investigated the cognitive and neurophysiological correlates of trait anxiety in youth. During fMRI acquisition, 16 healthy children and adolescents viewed angry-neutral face pairs and responded to a probe that was on the same (angry-congruent) or opposite (angry-incongruent) side as the angry face. Attention bias scores were calculated by subtracting participants' mean reaction time for angry-congruent trials from angry-incongruent trials. Trait anxiety was positively associated with attention bias towards angry faces. Neurophysiologically, trait anxiety was positively associated with right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (PFC) activation on a contrast of trials that reflect the attention bias for angry faces (i.e. angry-incongruent versus angry-congruent trials). Trait anxiety was also positively associated with right ventrolateral PFC activation on trials with face stimuli (vesus baseline), irrespective of their emotional content.},
affiliation = {Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. ehtelzer@ucla.edu},
number = {2},
pages = {216--22},
volume = {79},
year = {2008},
month = {Oct},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Anger, Child, Prefrontal Cortex, Photic Stimulation, Oxygen, Female, Bias (Epidemiology), Humans, Pattern Recognition: Visual, Image Processing: Computer-Assisted, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Adolescent, Reaction Time, Facial Expression, Anxiety, Male, Attention},
date-added = {2010-04-01 18:16:43 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-04-01 18:16:47 +0200},
doi = {10.1016/j.biopsycho.2008.05.004},
pii = {S0301-0511(08)00125-7},
pmid = {18599179},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Telzer-2008-Biol%20Psychol_Relationship%20between.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p10193},
rating = {5}
}

@article{Roberts:2007p864,
author = {Robert E Roberts and Catherine Ramsay Roberts and Yun Xing},
journal = {J Psychiatr Res},
title = {Rates of DSM-IV psychiatric disorders among adolescents in a large metropolitan area},
abstract = {We present prevalence data for adolescents in a large metropolitan area in the US and the association of DSM-IV diagnoses to functional impairment and selected demographic correlates. We sampled 4175 youths aged 11-17 years from households enrolled in large health maintenance organizations. Data were collected using questionnaires and the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children, Version IV (DISC-IV). Impairment was measured using the Child Global Assessment Scale and diagnostic specific impairment in the DISC-IV. 17.1% of the sample met DSM-IV criteria for one or more disorders in the past year; 11% when only DISC impairment was considered and 5.3% only using the CGAS. The most prevalent disorders were anxiety (6.9%), disruptive (6.5%), and substance use (5.3%) disorders. The most prevalent specific disorders were agoraphobia, conduct and marijuana abuse/dependence, then alcohol use and oppositional defiant disorder. Younger youths and females had lower odds for any disorder, as did youths from two parent homes. There was increased odds associated with lower family income. Females had greater odds of mood and anxiety disorders, males of disruptive and substance use disorders. There were greater odds of mood and disruptive disorders for older youths. Prevalences were highly comparable to recent studies using similar methods in diverse non-metropolitan populations. We found associations with age, gender, and to a lesser extent, socioeconomic status reported in previous studies. The inclusion of both diagnosis-specific impairment and global impairment reduced prevalence rates significantly. Our results suggest commonality of prevalences and associated factors in diverse study settings, including urban and rural areas.},
affiliation = {Division of Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas, Health Sciences Center at Houston, 1200 Herman Pressler Dr., Houston, TX 77030, USA. Robert.E.Roberts@uth.tmc.edu},
number = {11},
pages = {959--67},
volume = {41},
year = {2007},
month = {Dec},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Disability Evaluation, Alcoholism, Eating Disorders, Male, Mental Disorders, Urban Population, Socioeconomic Factors, Humans, Health Surveys, Substance-Related Disorders, Female, Mood Disorders, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Adolescent, Anxiety Disorders, Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders, Cross-Sectional Studies, Marijuana Abuse, Texas, Personality Assessment},
date-added = {2010-01-03 18:06:17 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-03 18:06:17 +0100},
doi = {10.1016/j.jpsychires.2006.09.006},
pii = {S0022-3956(06)00198-1},
pmid = {17107689},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p864},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Jenkins:1997a,
author = {R Jenkins and PE Bebbington and T Brugha and M Farrell and B Gill and G Lewis and H Meltzer and M Petticrew},
journal = {Psychol Med},
title = {National Psychiatric Morbidity Surveys of Great Britain--strategy and methods},
pages = {765--774},
volume = {27},
year = {1997},
date-added = {2010-01-03 19:36:09 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 20:44:27 +0200},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p1033},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Lee:2008p6650,
author = {Kirby Lee and Peter Bacchetti and Ida Sim},
journal = {PLoS Med},
title = {Publication of clinical trials supporting successful new drug applications: a literature analysis},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: The United States (US) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approves new drugs based on sponsor-submitted clinical trials. The publication status of these trials in the medical literature and factors associated with publication have not been evaluated. We sought to determine the proportion of trials submitted to the FDA in support of newly approved drugs that are published in biomedical journals that a typical clinician, consumer, or policy maker living in the US would reasonably search. METHODS AND FINDINGS: We conducted a cohort study of trials supporting new drugs approved between 1998 and 2000, as described in FDA medical and statistical review documents and the FDA approved drug label. We determined publication status and time from approval to full publication in the medical literature at 2 and 5 y by searching PubMed and other databases through 01 August 2006. We then evaluated trial characteristics associated with publication. We identified 909 trials supporting 90 approved drugs in the FDA reviews, of which 43% (394/909) were published. Among the subset of trials described in the FDA-approved drug label and classified as "pivotal trials" for our analysis, 76% (257/340) were published. In multivariable logistic regression for all trials 5 y postapproval, likelihood of publication correlated with statistically significant results (odds ratio [OR] 3.03, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.78-5.17); larger sample sizes (OR 1.33 per 2-fold increase in sample size, 95% CI 1.17-1.52); and pivotal status (OR 5.31, 95% CI 3.30-8.55). In multivariable logistic regression for only the pivotal trials 5 y postapproval, likelihood of publication correlated with statistically significant results (OR 2.96, 95% CI 1.24-7.06) and larger sample sizes (OR 1.47 per 2-fold increase in sample size, 95% CI 1.15-1.88). Statistically significant results and larger sample sizes were also predictive of publication at 2 y postapproval and in multivariable Cox proportional models for all trials and the subset of pivotal trials. CONCLUSIONS: Over half of all supporting trials for FDA-approved drugs remained unpublished >/= 5 y after approval. Pivotal trials and trials with statistically significant results and larger sample sizes are more likely to be published. Selective reporting of trial results exists for commonly marketed drugs. Our data provide a baseline for evaluating publication bias as the new FDA Amendments Act comes into force mandating basic results reporting of clinical trials.},
affiliation = {Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.},
number = {9},
pages = {e191},
volume = {5},
year = {2008},
month = {Sep},
language = {eng},
keywords = {United States, Cohort Studies, PubMed, Bias (Epidemiology), Drug Approval, United States Food and Drug Administration, Clinical Trials as Topic, Periodicals as Topic, Databases as Topic, Humans},
date-added = {2010-03-03 20:36:26 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:43:47 +0200},
doi = {10.1371/journal.pmed.0050191},
pii = {08-PLME-RA-0452},
pmid = {18816163},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Lee-2008-PLoS%20Med_Publication%20of%20clini.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p6650},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Everitt:1999p4938,
author = {B S Everitt and E T Bullmore},
journal = {Hum Brain Mapp},
title = {Mixture model mapping of the brain activation in functional magnetic resonance images},
abstract = {We report on a novel method of identifying brain regions activated by periodic experimental design in functional magnetic resonance imaging data. This involves fitting a mixture distribution with two components to a test statistic estimated at each voxel in an image. The two parameters of this distribution, the proportion of nonactivated voxels, and the effect size can be estimated using maximum likelihood methods. Standard errors of the parameters can also be estimated. The fitted distribution can be used to derive brain activation maps and two examples are described, one involving a visual stimulation task, the other an auditory stimulation task. The method appears to have some advantages over direct use of the P-values corresponding to each voxel's value of the test statistic.},
affiliation = {Department of Biostatistics and Computing, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK. b.everitt@iop.bpmf.ac.uk},
number = {1},
pages = {1--14},
volume = {7},
year = {1999},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Brain, Humans, Models: Neurological, Image Processing: Computer-Assisted, Mathematics, Brain Mapping, Acoustic Stimulation, Computer Simulation, Magnetic Resonance Imaging},
date-added = {2010-02-03 20:58:10 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-02-03 20:58:10 +0100},
pii = {10.1002/(SICI)1097-0193(1999)7:1<1::AID-HBM1>3.0.CO;2-H},
pmid = {9882086},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Everitt-1999-Hum%20Brain%20Mapp_Mixture%20model%20mappin.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p4938},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Scott:2010p14049,
author = {Neil W Scott and Peter M Fayers and Neil K Aaronson and Andrew Bottomley and Alexander de Graeff and Mogens Groenvold and Chad Gundy and Michael Koller and Morten A Petersen and Mirjam Ag Sprangers and Eortc Quality Of Life Group and Quality Of Life Cross-Cultural Meta-Analysis Group},
journal = {Health Qual Life Outcomes},
title = {Differential item functioning (DIF) analyses of health-related quality of life instruments using logistic regression},
abstract = {ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Differential item functioning (DIF) methods can be used to determine whether different subgroups respond differently to particular items within a health-related quality of life (HRQoL) subscale, after allowing for overall subgroup differences in that scale. This article reviews issues that arise when testing for DIF in HRQoL instruments. We focus on logistic regression methods, which are often used because of their efficiency, simplicity and ease of application. METHODS: A review of logistic regression DIF analyses in HRQoL was undertaken. Methodological articles from other fields and using other DIF methods were also included if considered relevant. RESULTS: There are many competing approaches for the conduct of DIF analyses and many criteria for determining what constitutes significant DIF. DIF in short scales, as commonly found in HRQL instruments, may be more difficult to interpret. Qualitative methods may aid interpretation of such DIF analyses. CONCLUSIONS: A number of methodological choices must be made when applying logistic regression for DIF analyses, and many of these affect the results. We provide recommendations based on reviewing the current evidence. Although the focus is on logistic regression, many of our results should be applicable to DIF analyses in general. There is a need for more empirical and theoretical work in this area.},
number = {1},
pages = {81},
volume = {8},
year = {2010},
month = {Aug},
language = {ENG},
date-added = {2010-08-10 12:44:49 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-08-10 12:44:53 +0200},
doi = {10.1186/1477-7525-8-81},
pii = {1477-7525-8-81},
pmid = {20684767},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Scott-2010-Health%20Qual%20Life%20Outcomes_Differential%20item%20fu.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p14049},
rating = {4}
}

@article{Akshoomoff:2006p8596,
author = {Natacha Akshoomoff},
journal = {Child Neuropsychol},
title = {Use of the Mullen Scales of Early Learning for the assessment of young children with Autism Spectrum Disorders},
abstract = {The psychological assessment is an important component of the diagnostic evaluation in young children suspected of having an Autism Spectrum Disorder but can be hampered by behavioral difficulties. Overt behaviors during administration of the Mullen Scales of Early Learning were coded in 22 preschoolers with an Autism Spectrum Disorder and 20 age-matched typically developing children. Children in the Autism Spectrum Disorder group required less time to complete the assessment but spent proportionally more time exhibiting off-task behaviors and less time engaged with the assessment. Scores obtained on the Mullen Scales were positively correlated with level of engagement and negatively correlated with off task behaviors.},
affiliation = {Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, USA. natacha@ucsd.edu},
number = {4-5},
pages = {269--77},
volume = {12},
year = {2006},
month = {Aug},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Time Factors, Autistic Disorder, Male, Diagnosis: Differential, Reference Values, Intelligence Tests, Videotape Recording, Neuropsychological Tests, Female, Child: Preschool, Child Behavior, Infant, Humans, Infant Behavior, Learning},
date-added = {2010-03-22 00:15:57 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-03-22 00:15:57 +0100},
doi = {10.1080/09297040500473714},
pii = {Q778PT217V25017U},
pmid = {16911972},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Akshoomoff-2006-Child%20Neuropsychol_Use%20of%20the%20Mullen%20Sc.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p8596},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Hamerly:2003p820,
author = {Greg Hamerly and Charles Elkan},
journal = {Proceedings of the NIPS 2003},
title = {Learning the k in k-means},
abstract = {When clustering a dataset, the right number k of clusters to use is often not obvious, and choosing k automatically is a hard algorithmic prob- lem. In this paper we present an improved algorithm for learning k while clustering. The G-means algorithm is based on a statistical test for the hypothesis that a subset of data follows a Gaussian distribution. G-means runs k-means with increasing k in a hierarchical fashion until the test ac- cepts the hypothesis that the data assigned to each k-means center are Gaussian. Two key advantages are that the hypothesis test does not limit the covariance of the data and does not compute a full covariance matrix. Additionally, G-means only requires one intuitive parameter, the stand- ard statistical significance level α. We present results from experiments showing that the algorithm works well, and better than a recent method based on the BIC penalty for model complexity. In these experiments, we show that the BIC is ineffective as a scoring function, since it does not penalize strongly enough the model's complexity.},
affiliation = {Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of California, San Diego La Jolla, California	92093-0114},
number = {AA36},
pages = {1--8},
year = {2003},
date-added = {2010-01-03 17:27:35 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-03 17:28:55 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Hamerly-2003-Proceedings%20of%20the%20NIPS%202003_Learning%20the%20k%20in%20k.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p820},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Stevens:2000p9966,
author = {M C Stevens and D H Fein and L H Waterhouse},
journal = {J Clin Exp Neuropsychol},
title = {Season of birth effects in autism},
abstract = {This study examined a sample of preschool-age children with autism in an attempt to identify patterns of birth dates that deviated from expected frequencies by month or season. Birth dates of children with autism and those of a non-autistic sibling control group were compared to the number of total live births gathered from U.S. Census data. Analyses included two types of chi-square analyses and a seasonal harmonic trend analysis. Previously unmentioned in the literature is a seasonal effect finding for females within the entire sample, and both a seasonal and monthly effect for children classified as socially Passive by the Wing system. A significant elevation was also found in March within the Boston sub-sample (n = 37). This sample largely comprised low-functioning boys with autism, a finding consistent with previous findings in the literature. Peri-natal complications and early life development of the subjects from the Boston site are detailed.},
affiliation = {Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030-2103, United States of America. stevens@psychiatry.uchc.edu},
number = {3},
pages = {399--407},
volume = {22},
year = {2000},
month = {Jun},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Case-Control Studies, Sex Distribution, Female, Pregnancy, Child: Preschool, Age Distribution, Male, Chi-Square Distribution, Humans, Seasons, Child, United States, Risk Factors, Autistic Disorder, Boston, Labor: Obstetric},
date-added = {2010-03-31 19:43:50 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-03-31 19:43:50 +0200},
pmid = {10855047},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Stevens-2000-J%20Clin%20Exp%20Neuropsychol_Season%20of%20birth%20effe.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p9966},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Stranger:2007p4013,
author = {Barbara E Stranger and Matthew S Forrest and Mark Dunning and Catherine E Ingle and Claude Beazley and Natalie Thorne and Richard Redon and Christine P Bird and Anna de Grassi and Charles Lee and Chris Tyler-Smith and Nigel Carter and Stephen W Scherer and Simon Tavar{\'e} and Panagiotis Deloukas and Matthew E Hurles and Emmanouil T Dermitzakis},
journal = {Science},
title = {Relative impact of nucleotide and copy number variation on gene expression phenotypes},
abstract = {Extensive studies are currently being performed to associate disease susceptibility with one form of genetic variation, namely, single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). In recent years, another type of common genetic variation has been characterized, namely, structural variation, including copy number variants (CNVs). To determine the overall contribution of CNVs to complex phenotypes, we have performed association analyses of expression levels of 14,925 transcripts with SNPs and CNVs in individuals who are part of the International HapMap project. SNPs and CNVs captured 83.6% and 17.7% of the total detected genetic variation in gene expression, respectively, but the signals from the two types of variation had little overlap. Interrogation of the genome for both types of variants may be an effective way to elucidate the causes of complex phenotypes and disease in humans.},
affiliation = {Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK.},
number = {5813},
pages = {848--53},
volume = {315},
year = {2007},
month = {Feb},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Haplotypes, Genomics, Genetic Variation, Phenotype, Linkage Disequilibrium, Gene Dosage, Gene Duplication, Genome: Human, Female, Gene Expression Regulation, Genetics: Population, Cell Line, Mutation, Gene Deletion, Polymorphism: Single Nucleotide, Regression Analysis, Humans, Male, Nucleic Acid Hybridization},
date-added = {2010-01-18 15:00:08 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:50:10 +0200},
doi = {10.1126/science.1136678},
pii = {315/5813/848},
pmid = {17289997},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p4013},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Rushton:2009p13858,
author = {J Philippe Rushton and Trudy Ann Bons and Juko Ando and Yoon-Mi Hur and Paul Irwing and Philip A Vernon and K V Petrides and Claudio Barbaranelli},
journal = {Twin research and human genetics : the official journal of the International Society for Twin Studies},
title = {A general factor of personality from multitrait-multimethod data and cross-national twins},
abstract = {In three studies, a General Factor of Personality (GFP) was found to occupy the apex of the hierarchical structure. In Study 1, a GFP emerged independent of method variance and accounted for 54% of the reliable variance in a multitrait-multimethod assessment of 391 Italian high school students that used self-, teacher-, and parent-ratings on the Big Five Questionnaire - Children. In Study 2, a GFP was found in the seven dimensions of Cloninger's Temperament and Character Inventory as well as the Big Five of the NEO PI-R, with the GFPtci correlating r = .72 with the GFPneo. These results indicate that the GFP is practically the same in both test batteries, and its existence does not depend on being extracted using the Big Five model. The GFP accounted for 22% of the total variance in these trait measures, which were assessed in 651 pairs of 14- to 30-year-old Japanese twins. In Study 3, a GFP accounted for 32% of the total variance in nine scales derived from the NEO PI-R, the Humor Styles Questionnaire, and the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire assessed in 386 pairs of 18- to 74-year-old Canadian and U.S. twins. The GFP was found to be 50% heritable with high scores indicating openness, conscientiousness, sociability, agreeableness, emotional stability, good humor and emotional intelligence. The possible evolutionary origins of the GFP are discussed.},
affiliation = {University of Western Ontario, London, Canada. rushton@uwo.ca},
number = {4},
pages = {356--65},
volume = {12},
year = {2009},
month = {Aug},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Humans, Male, Japan, Cross-Cultural Comparison, United States, Aged, Intelligence, Personality, Adolescent, Canada, Middle Aged, Adult, Twins, Temperament, Personality Assessment, Interpersonal Relations, Female},
date-added = {2010-07-29 17:43:48 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 17:43:48 +0200},
doi = {10.1375/twin.12.4.356},
pii = {10.1375/twin.12.4.356},
pmid = {19653836},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p13858},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Kremen:2010p9777,
author = {William S Kremen and Elizabeth Prom-Wormley and Matthew S Panizzon and Lisa T Eyler and Bruce Fischl and Michael C Neale and Carol E Franz and Michael J Lyons and Jennifer Pacheco and Michele E Perry and Allison Stevens and J Eric Schmitt and Michael D Grant and Larry J Seidman and Heidi W Thermenos and Ming T Tsuang and Seth A Eisen and Anders M Dale and Christine Fennema-Notestine},
journal = {Neuroimage},
title = {Genetic and environmental influences on the size of specific brain regions in midlife: the VETSA MRI study},
abstract = {The impact of genetic and environmental factors on human brain structure is of great importance for understanding normative cognitive and brain aging as well as neuropsychiatric disorders. However, most studies of genetic and environmental influences on human brain structure have either focused on global measures or have had samples that were too small for reliable estimates. Using the classical twin design, we assessed genetic, shared environmental, and individual-specific environmental influences on individual differences in the size of 96 brain regions of interest (ROIs). Participants were 474 middle-aged male twins (202 pairs; 70 unpaired) in the Vietnam Era Twin Study of Aging (VETSA). They were 51-59 years old, and were similar to U.S. men in their age range in terms of sociodemographic and health characteristics. We measured thickness of cortical ROIs and volume of other ROIs. On average, genetic influences accounted for approximately 70% of the variance in the volume of global, subcortical, and ventricular ROIs and approximately 45% of the variance in the thickness of cortical ROIs. There was greater variability in the heritability of cortical ROIs (0.00-0.75) as compared with subcortical and ventricular ROIs (0.48-0.85). The results did not indicate lateralized heritability differences or greater genetic influences on the size of regions underlying higher cognitive functions. The findings provide key information for imaging genetic studies and other studies of brain phenotypes and endophenotypes. Longitudinal analysis will be needed to determine whether the degree of genetic and environmental influences changes for different ROIs from midlife to later life.},
affiliation = {Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive (MC 0738), La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. wkremen@ucsd.edu},
number = {2},
pages = {1213--23},
volume = {49},
year = {2010},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Brain, Humans, Male, Environment, United States, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Middle Aged, Aging, Image Processing: Computer-Assisted, Quality Control, Organ Size, Twins},
date-added = {2010-03-26 19:20:07 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-03-26 19:20:07 +0100},
doi = {10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.09.043},
pii = {S1053-8119(09)01022-2},
pmid = {19786105},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p9777},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Zheng:2008p13922,
author = {L Zheng and L R Goldberg and Y Zheng and Y Zhao and Y Tang and L Liu},
journal = {Personality and Individual Differences},
title = {Reliability and concurrent validation of the IPIP Big-Five factor markers in China: Consistencies in factor structure between Internet-obtained heterosexual and homosexual samples},
abstract = {Previous studies have suggested the cross-cultural generalizability of a 5-factor structure for personality traits. In this article, we analyzed the utility of 2 versions (100-item and 50-item) of the IPIP Big-Five fac- tor markers in both heterosexual (N = 633) and homosexual (N = 437) samples in China. Factor analysis within versions showed that both versions of these IPIP measures showed clear 5-factor orthogonal struc- tures that were nearly identical to the American structure in both subject samples. The reliabilities of the five factors were quite high except for the 50-item measure of Agreeableness. The part-whole correla- tions between the 100-item and 50-item factors were high, as were the factor congruence coefficients between the heterosexual and the homosexual samples. Both versions of the IPIP Big-Five factor markers were strongly correlated with the scales from the Big-Five Inventory (BFI: John, Donahue, {\&} Kentle, 1991), thus providing some concurrent validation in a Chinese context.},
pages = {649--654},
volume = {45},
year = {2008},
date-added = {2010-07-29 18:46:26 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 18:47:41 +0200},
doi = {10.1016/j.paid.2008.07.009},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Zheng-2008-Personality%20and%20Individual%20Differences_Reliability%20and%20conc.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p13922},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Gelman:2004p6232,
author = {A Gelman},
journal = {Journal of Computational and Graphical Statistics},
title = {Exploratory Data Analysis for Complex Models},
abstract = {``Exploratory'' and ``confirmatory'' data analysis can both be viewed as methods for comparing observed data to what would be obtained under an implicit or explicit statistical model. For example, many of Tukey's methods can be interpreted as checks against hy- pothetical linear models and Poisson distributions. In more complex situations, Bayesian methods can be useful for constructing reference distributions for various plots that are useful in exploratory data analysis. This article proposes an approach to unify exploratory data analysis with more formal statistical methods based on probability models. These ideas are developed in the context of examples from fields including psychology, medicine, and social science.},
number = {4},
pages = {755--779},
volume = {13},
year = {2004},
date-added = {2010-02-19 20:39:22 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-05-23 17:30:33 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Gelman-2004-Journal%20of%20Computational%20and%20Graphical%20Statistics_Exploratory%20Data%20Ana.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p6232},
read = {Yes},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Blaschko:2008p10350,
author = {M B Blaschko and C H Lampert and A Gretton},
title = {Semi-Supervised Laplacian Regularization of Kernel Canonical Correlation Analysis},
abstract = {Kernel canonical correlation analysis (KCCA) is a dimen- sionality reduction technique for paired data. By finding directions that maximize correlation, KCCA learns representations that are more closely tied to the underlying semantics of the data rather than noise. However, meaningful directions are not only those that have high correlation to an- other modality, but also those that capture the manifold structure of the data. We propose a method that is simultaneously able to find highly correlated directions that are also located on high variance directions along the data manifold. This is achieved by the use of semi-supervised Laplacian regularization of KCCA. We show experimentally that Lapla- cian regularized training improves class separation over KCCA with only Tikhonov regularization, while causing no degradation in the correlation between modalities. We propose a model selection criterion based on the Hilbert-Schmidt norm of the semi-supervised Laplacian regularized cross-covariance operator, which we compute in closed form.},
year = {2008},
date-added = {2010-04-02 18:19:55 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-04-02 18:20:39 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Blaschko-2008-_Semi-Supervised%20Lapl.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p10350},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Resnick:2000p5620,
author = {B Resnick and S I Zimmerman and D Orwig and A L Furstenberg and J Magaziner},
journal = {J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci},
title = {Outcome expectations for exercise scale: utility and psychometrics},
abstract = {OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to develop a measure of outcome expectations for exercise specifically for the older adult (The Outcome Expectations for Exercise [OEE] Scale), and to test the reliability and validity of this measure in a sample of older individuals. This scale was developed based on Bandura's theory of self-efficacy and the work of prior researchers in the development of measures of outcome expectations. METHODS: The OEE scale, which was completed during a face-to-face interview, was tested in a sample of 175 residents in a continuing care retirement community. RESULTS: There was support for the internal consistency of the OEE scale (alpha coefficient of .89), and some support for reliability based on a structural equation modeling approach that used R2 estimates, although less than half of these were greater than 0.5. There was evidence of validity of the measure based on: (a) a confirmatory factor analysis in which the model fit the data (normed fit index [NFI] = .99, root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA] - .07, chi2/df = 2.8); (b) support for the hypothesis that those who exercised regularly had higher OEE scores than those who did not (F = 31.3, p < .05, eta squared = .15); and (c) a statistically significant relationship between outcome expectations and self-efficacy expectations (r = .66). DISCUSSION: This study provides some initial support for the reliability and validity of the OEE scale. Outcome expectations for exercise were related to exercise behavior in the older adult, and the OEE scale can help identify older adults with low outcome expectations for exercise. Interventions can then be implemented to help these individuals strengthen their outcome expectations, which may subsequently improve exercise behavior.},
affiliation = {School of Nursing, University of Maryland at Baltimore 21201, USA. bresnick@umaryland.edu},
number = {6},
pages = {S352--6},
volume = {55},
year = {2000},
month = {Nov},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Treatment Outcome, Bias (Epidemiology), Female, Self Efficacy, Likelihood Functions, Health Knowledge: Attitudes: Practice, Health Behavior, Aged: 80 and over, Exercise Therapy, Attitude to Health, Aged, Questionnaires, Humans, Male, Psychometrics, Factor Analysis: Statistical},
date-added = {2010-02-12 15:53:38 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-02-12 15:53:38 +0100},
pmid = {11078112},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p5620},
rating = {0}
}

@book{Someren:1994,
author = {MW van Someren and YF Barnard and JAC Sandberg},
journal = {Book},
title = {The think-aloud method: A practical guide to modelling cognitive processes},
year = {1994},
date-added = {2010-01-03 19:34:17 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:21:41 +0200},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p928},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Badia:2002p6383,
author = {X Badia and L Prieto and M Roset and A D{\'\i}ez-P{\'e}rez and M Herdman},
journal = {Journal of Clinical Epidemiology},
title = {Development of a short osteoporosis quality of life questionnaire by equating items from two existing instruments},
abstract = {This study aimed to develop a short Osteoporosis-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire based on the assemblage (equating) of the items of two existing questionnaires (OQLQ and QUALEFFO). For this purpose, each questionnaire was administered by random assignment to a different group of female patients (OQLQ, n = 172; QUALEFFO, n = 166) with vertebral fractures due to osteoporosis. A common anchor test (SF-36) was also given to both groups. Seven different sets of OQLQ-QUALEFFO common items were defined by inspecting their own correlation with the scores of the eight dimensions of the SF-36. Within each set, equating consisted in connecting the OQLQ and QUALEFFO through their link with the SF-36. Equating was carried out through the Rasch mathematical model. Quantitative (item statistics) and qualitative reductions (expert opinion) of the equated sets resulted in a 16-item questionnaire. Although the new instrument requires further empirical validation, it provides a promising alternative to currently existing longer questionnaires for use in clinical practice.},
affiliation = {Cochrane Foundation, Outcomes Research Unit, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain. xbadia@hor-europe.com},
number = {1},
pages = {32--40},
volume = {55},
year = {2002},
month = {Jan},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Middle Aged, Female, Questionnaires, Psychometrics, Aged, Activities of Daily Living, Health Status, Osteoporosis, Quality of Life, Humans},
date-added = {2010-02-23 08:23:47 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-02-23 08:23:47 +0100},
pii = {S0895435601004322},
pmid = {11781120},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Badia-2002-Journal%20of%20Clinical%20Epidemiology_Development%20of%20a%20sho.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p6383},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Benjamini:2002,
author = {Y Benjamini and H Braun},
journal = {The Annals of Statistics},
title = {John W. Tukey's contributions to multiple comparisons},
number = {6},
pages = {1576--1594},
volume = {30},
year = {2002},
date-added = {2010-01-10 11:33:20 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-10 11:33:25 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Benjamini-2002-The%20Annals%20of%20Statistics_John%20W.%20Tukey's%20cont.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p2078},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Lau:2009p5771,
author = {Jennifer Y F Lau and David Goldman and Beata Buzas and Colin Hodgkinson and Ellen Leibenluft and Eric Nelson and Lindsey Sankin and Daniel S Pine and Monique Ernst},
journal = {Neuroimage},
title = {BDNF gene polymorphism (Val66Met) predicts amygdala and anterior hippocampus responses to emotional faces in anxious and depressed adolescents},
abstract = {A polymorphism of the human Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) gene that produces a valine-to-methionine substitution at codon 66 (Val66Met) is linked to adult anxiety and mood disorders, possibly through effects on brain circuitry function. Associations between BDNF gene variants and brain activity have not been explored in anxious and depressed adolescents. The current study investigated the association between BDNF genotype and amygdala-hippocampal responses to emotional stimuli in adolescents with anxiety disorders and/or major depressive disorder (MDD) and in healthy adolescents. Twenty-seven unmedicated patients with acutely-impairing current anxiety disorders and/or MDD and 31 healthy adolescents, matched on age, gender and IQ, rated their fear of fearful, angry, neutral and happy facial expressions during collection of fMRI data on the amygdala and hippocampus. Left and right amygdala and hippocampal responses were analyzed using repeated-measures analyses of variance models, with diagnosis (patients, healthy) and genotype (Met-carriers, Val/Val homozygotes) as between-group factors and facial expression (fearful, angry, neutral, happy) as a within-subject factor. Significant effects of diagnosis and diagnosis-by-genotype interactions (F's>4, p's<0.05) characterized activations in amygdala and anterior hippocampal regions. Greater activations in patients than healthy adolescents were found. Critically, these hyperactivations were modulated by BDNF genotype: Met-carriers showed greater neural responses of emotional faces than Val/Val homozygotes in patients only. These data are first to demonstrate the contribution of BDNF gene variants to the neural correlates of adolescent anxiety and depression. Early "gene-brain" linkages may lay the foundation for longer-term patterns of neural dysfunction in affective disorders.},
affiliation = {Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3UD, UK; Mood and Anxiety Disorders Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.},
pages = {},
year = {2009},
month = {Nov},
language = {ENG},
date-added = {2010-02-17 10:07:17 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-02-17 10:07:18 +0100},
doi = {10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.11.026},
pii = {S1053-8119(09)01210-5},
pmid = {19931400},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Lau-2009-Neuroimage_BDNF%20gene%20polymorphi.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p5771},
read = {Yes},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Chon:2006p10906,
author = {K H Chon and Y Nozawa and S Zhang},
title = {Posterior Predictive Checking of Unidimensional Item Response Theory Models},
abstract = {This study applies the posterior predictive model checking (PPMC) method (Rubin,
1984) to assess the fit of unidimensional item response theory (IRT) models for binary responses, and examines the performance of several discrepancy measures for assessing different aspects of model misfit. One dataset was generated from the three parameter logistic (3PL) model, which was then fit with the one parameter logistic (1PL), two parameter logistic (2PL), and 3PL models. The performance of the discrepancy measures examined in this study suggests that different measures detect different aspects of model misfit and that the choice of measures depends on the context and the aspects of fit to be assessed.},
year = {2006},
date-added = {2010-04-11 13:51:56 +0200},
date-modified = {2010-04-11 13:52:32 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Chon-2006-_Posterior%20Predictive.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p10906},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Sarkar:2003p2438,
author = {D Sarkar},
journal = {Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Distributed Statistical Computing (DSC 2003)},
title = {Some Notes on lattice},
abstract = {Trellis Graphics is implemented in S-PLUS using the traditional S graph- ics engine. In contrast, lattice, the implementation of Trellis Graphics in R, uses grid graphics as the underlying mechanism. Being an independent implementation, lattice differs from the original in several other aspects as well. Most of the literature available on Trellis Graphics describes the imple- mentation in S-PLUS. This paper attempts to supplement that material by giving an overview of the major differences between the two.
In section 2 we discuss the benefits of using grid and provide some ex- amples illustrating its usefulness. In section 3 we discuss some differences between the Trellis and lattice user level API's. An elementary knowledge of Trellis Graphics is assumed.},
year = {2003},
date-added = {2010-01-11 23:47:56 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-11 23:48:28 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Sarkar-2003-Proceedings%20of%20the%203rd%20International%20Workshop%20on%20Distributed%20Statistical%20Computing%20(DSC%202003)_Some%20Notes%20on%20lattic.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p2438},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Zumbo:2007p917,
author = {Bruno D Zumbo and A M Gadermann and C Zeisser},
journal = {Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods},
title = {Ordinal Versions of Coefficients Alpha and Theta For Likert Rating Scales},
abstract = {Two new reliability indices, ordinal coefficient alpha and ordinal coefficient theta, are introduced. A simulation study was conducted in order to compare the new ordinal reliability estimates to each other and to coefficient alpha with Likert data. Results indicate that ordinal coefficients alpha and theta are consistently suitable estimates of the theoretical reliability, regardless of the magnitude of the theoretical reliability, the number of scale points, and the skewness of the scale point distributions. In contrast, coefficient alpha is in general a negatively biased estimate of reliability. The use of ordinal coefficients alpha and theta as alternatives to coefficient alpha when estimating the reliability based on Likert response items are recommended. The choice between the two ordinal coefficients depends on whether one is assuming a factor analysis model (ordinal coefficient alpha) or a principal components analysis model (ordinal coefficient theta).},
pages = {21--29},
volume = {6},
year = {2007},
keywords = {coefficient theta, Internal consistency, reliability, coefficient alpha},
date-added = {2010-01-03 19:02:11 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 20:46:35 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Zumbo-2007-Journal%20of%20Modern%20Applied%20Statistical%20Methods_Ordinal%20Versions%20of.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p917},
rating = {3}
}

@article{Zaitlen:2007p3874,
author = {Noah Zaitlen and Hyun Min Kang and Eleazar Eskin and Eran Halperin},
journal = {Am J Hum Genet},
title = {Leveraging the HapMap correlation structure in association studies},
abstract = {Recent high-throughput genotyping technologies, such as the Affymetrix 500k array and the Illumina HumanHap 550 beadchip, have driven down the costs of association studies and have enabled the measurement of single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) allele frequency differences between case and control populations on a genomewide scale. A key aspect in the efficiency of association studies is the notion of "indirect association," where only a subset of SNPs are collected to serve as proxies for the uncollected SNPs, taking advantage of the correlation structure between SNPs. Recently, a new class of methods for indirect association, multimarker methods, has been proposed. Although the multimarker methods are a considerable advancement, current methods do not fully take advantage of the correlation structure between SNPs and their multimarker proxies. In this article, we propose a novel multimarker indirect-association method, WHAP, that is based on a weighted sum of the haplotype frequency differences. In contrast to traditional indirect-association methods, we show analytically that there is a considerable gain in power achieved by our method compared with both single-marker and multimarker tests, as well as traditional haplotype-based tests. Our results are supported by empirical evaluation across the HapMap reference panel data sets, and a software implementation for the Affymetrix 500k and Illumina HumanHap 550 chips is available for download.},
affiliation = {Bioinformatics Program, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.},
number = {4},
pages = {683--91},
volume = {80},
year = {2007},
month = {Apr},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Polymorphism: Single Nucleotide, Genotype, Genetic Markers, Software, Gene Frequency, Databases: Genetic, Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis, Humans, Models: Genetic, Genomics, Haplotypes},
date-added = {2010-01-16 21:03:30 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-16 21:03:30 +0100},
doi = {10.1086/513109},
pii = {S0002-9297(07)61107-0},
pmid = {17357074},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p3874},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Lal:2004p3536,
author = {T N Lal and O Chapelle and J Weston and A Elisseeff},
title = {Embedded Methods},
year = {2004},
date-added = {2010-01-15 20:52:15 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-15 20:53:10 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Lal-2004-_Embedded%20Methods.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p3536},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Heeger:1997p4641,
author = {D Heeger},
title = {Signal Detection Theory},
year = {1997},
date-added = {2010-01-30 15:49:19 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-30 15:49:36 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Heeger-1997-_Signal%20Detection%20The.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p4641},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Zumbo:2002p4621,
author = {Bruno D Zumbo},
journal = {Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods},
title = {An adaptative inference strategy: The case of auditory data},
number = {1},
pages = {61--68},
volume = {1},
year = {2002},
date-added = {2010-01-30 15:29:06 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 20:46:35 +0200},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Zumbo-2002-Journal%20of%20Modern%20Applied%20Statistical%20Methods_An%20adaptative%20infere.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p4621},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Mathes:2009p3096,
author = {Wendy Foulds Mathes and Kimberly A Brownley and Xiaofei Mo and Cynthia M Bulik},
journal = {Appetite},
title = {The biology of binge eating},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To examine the literature on binge eating to gain a better understanding of its biological foundations and their role in eating disorders. METHOD: Literature review and synthesis. RESULTS: Research using animal models has revealed several factors that contribute to the development and maintenance of binge eating. These factors, including stress, food restriction, the presence of palatable foods, and environmental conditioning, parallel many of the precursory circumstances leading to binge eating in individuals with bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder. DISCUSSION: The animal literature has opened a new avenue to aid in the understanding of the neurobiological basis of binge eating. Future endeavors examining the genetic and environmental correlates of binge eating behavior will further contribute to the understanding of the biological foundations of binge eating and assist with establishing diagnostic criteria and the development of novel treatments for eating disorders marked by binge eating.},
affiliation = {Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7160, United States.},
number = {3},
pages = {545--53},
volume = {52},
year = {2009},
month = {Jun},
language = {eng},
keywords = {Humans, Bulimia, Stress: Psychological, Taste, Environment, Dopamine, Food Preferences, Behavior: Addictive, Analgesics: Opioid, Hyperphagia, Disease Models: Animal, Animals, Food Deprivation, Bulimia Nervosa},
date-added = {2010-01-14 19:55:45 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-07-29 19:15:30 +0200},
doi = {10.1016/j.appet.2009.03.005},
pii = {S0195-6663(09)00050-6},
pmid = {19501749},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p3096},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Pearson:1901p4105,
author = {K Pearson},
title = {On lines and planes of closest fit to systems of points in space},
year = {1901},
date-added = {2010-01-19 23:44:11 +0100},
date-modified = {2010-01-20 22:07:19 +0100},
local-url = {file://localhost/Users/chl/Dropbox/Papers/Pearson-1901-_On%20lines%20and%20planes.pdf},
uri = {papers://58407365-8DEB-4C7D-995B-6322E39C7022/Paper/p4105},
read = {Yes},
rating = {0}
}

@article{Canli:2009p5777,
author = {T Canli and J Ferri and E A Duman},
journal = {Neuroscience},
title = {Genetics of emotion regulation},
abstract = {Emotions can be powerful drivers of behavior that may be adaptive or maladaptive for the individual. Thus, the ability to alter one's emotions, to regulate them, should be beneficial to an individual's success of survival and fitness. What is the biological basis of this ability? And what are the biological mechanisms that impart individual differences in the ability to regulate emotion? In this article, we will first introduce readers to the construct of emotion regulation, and the various strategies that

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repo_name: sergiud/bibtex-spirit

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