text:
6542},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506542},
abstract = {In large screen projection environments, inexpensive wireless input devices can not match the performance of standard desktop interactive devices. We added buttons and a radio transmitter to a standard laser pointer to match the functionality of a standard mouse. User testing revealed that the device performed as well as a standard mouse and significantly better than standard presentation input devices. Devices that used visible laser light performed significantly better than those with invisible near-infrared lasers.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {678–679},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {laser pointer, large screen display, pointing devices},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506543,
author = {Grinter, Rebecca E. and Woodruff, Allison},
title = {Ears and Hair: What Headsets Will People Wear?},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506543},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506543},
abstract = {Many different audio headsets are commercially available. To choose a headset for a short-term use environment, we conducted a pilot study to elicit end-user criteria for headsets. We discovered a number of severe end-user issues with less traditional designs, and concluded that a minor variant of a traditional design is more appropriate for our application than many of the more exotic options that have recently become available.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {680–681},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {electronic guidebooks, headsets},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506544,
author = {Tan, Desney S. and Pausch, Randy},
title = {Pre-Emptive Shadows: Eliminating the Blinding Light from Projectors},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506544},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506544},
abstract = {Users interacting with front-projected displays often work between the projector and the display surface. This causes undesirable projection on the user as well as temporary blindness from looking into the bright light of the projector. In this paper, we present pre-emptive shadows, a technique that uses a camera-projector system to detect and turn off pixels that would otherwise be needlessly cast upon users' bodies, especially their faces. We present measurements that show that system reduces the brightness of the blinding light by about a factor of 5.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {682–683},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {display, shadow, infrared tracking, camera, projection},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506545,
author = {Pane, John F. and Myers, Brad A.},
title = {The Impact of Human-Centered Features on the Usability of a Programming System for Children},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506545},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506545},
abstract = {HANDS is a new programming system for children that was designed for usability. This paper examines the effectiveness of three features of HANDS: queries, aggregate operations, and data visibility. The system is compared with a limited version that lacks these features. In the limited version, programmers can achieve the same results but must use more traditional programming techniques. Children using the full-featured HANDS system performed significantly better than their peers who used the limited version. This provides evidence that usability of programming systems can be improved by including these features.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {684–685},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {user studies, psychology of programming, programming languages, end-user programming},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506546,
author = {Piper, Ben and Ishii, Hiroshi},
title = {PegBlocks: A Learning Aid for the Elementary Classroom},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506546},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506546},
abstract = {In this paper we describe the implementation of PegBlocks - an educational toy that can be used to illustrate some basic physics principles to elementary students.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {686–687},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {haptics, educational toys, telepresence, force feedback, tangible media},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506548,
author = {Shneiderman, Ben and Card, Stuart and Norman, Donald A. and Tremaine, Marilyn and Waldrop, M. Mitchell},
title = {CHI@20: Fighting Our Way from Marginality to Power},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506548},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506548},
abstract = {The Special Interest Group on Computer Human Interaction (SIGCHI) has had a successful history of 20 years of growth in its numbers and influence. To help guide the continued evolution of the academic discipline and professional community, we invite several senior members to offer their visions for what the field of CHI actually accomplished over the past several decades, and what do we still need to accomplish? What do we need to do differently/ better/smarter? What haven't we tried because the technology, the money or the will wasn't there in the past, but perhaps is now.The CHI field is more than just technology. We understand that our work can have a profound effect on individuals, families, neighborhoods, corporations, and countries. We know that we can influence education, commerce, healthcare, and government. How can we contribute to bridging the digital divides in developed and developing countries? What agendas can we offer for the academic, research, industrial, and civic spheres for the next 20 years? How can we be more ambitious? How can we truly serve human needs.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {688–691},
numpages = {4},
keywords = {human-computer interaction, professional, education, theory, future vision, practice, usability engineering},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506549,
author = {Druin, Allison and Muller, Michael and Bratteteig, Tone and Gaver, Bill and John, Bonnie and Rettger, Mary Beth},
title = {What Kind of Work is HCI Work?},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506549},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506549},
abstract = {In this panel, we will explore the impact that emerging new wireless technologies have on the way children learn, communicate and play. The challenge of interface design for children's wireless technologies will be discussed along with the opportunities these new technologies afford for social learning experiences. Panelists will discuss a range of issues based on their diverse perspectives as ethnographers, researchers, and product developers. Panelists will be asked questions not only from the audience, but also from a diverse group of discussants: three CHIkids (ages 7-11), one K-12 teacher and one parent of a child who uses wireless technologies.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {692–693},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {wireless technologies, educational applications, children},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506550,
author = {Leventhal, Laura and Zajicek, Mary and Jorge, Joaquim and Coleman, Krista and Jacob, Robert J. K. and Branco, Pedro and Novick, David and Abascal, Julio and Mynatt, Elizabeth},
title = {"When i'm Sixty-Four...": Are There Real Strategies for Providing Universal Accessibility for the Elderly},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506550},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506550},
abstract = {In this panel we will present four strategies for providing computing for the elderly. We hope to generate discussion and ideas of the plusses and minuses of these strategies.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {694–695},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {universal accessibility, elderly users},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506551,
author = {Lazar, Jonathan and Preece, Jenny and Gasen, Jean and Winograd, Terry},
title = {New Issues in Teaching HCI: Pinning a Tail on a Moving Donkey},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506551},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506551},
abstract = {As technology changes, so does the area of human-computer interaction. HCI education must continuously change to meet the new challenges to user interaction. The World Wide Web and other distributed networks, hand-held devices, and embedded computing all present new challenges for user-centered design methods, usability testing, and other forms of evaluation. In addition, as more people use technology, the diversity of users increases, requiring increased attention to concepts such as accessibility and universal usability. This panel will address the challenges of keeping HCI education up-to-date and offer approaches that have been successfully used. The four major topics addressed by the panel will be 1) the challenge of rapidly changing technology, 2) new methods for user-centered design, 3) student involvement with users, and 4) balancing HCI theory and HCI practice.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {696–697},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {user-centered design, team projects, education, world wide web, training, usability, service-learning, curriculum},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506552,
author = {Picard, Rosalind W. and Wexelblat, Alan and Clifford I. Nass, Clifford I. Nass I.},
title = {Future Interfaces: Social and Emotional},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506552},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506552},
abstract = {This panel addresses 'science fact' for future social-emotional interfaces. We discuss new theory and upcoming interface technologies that enable or augment social-emotional interaction between people and computers, and between people via new forms of computers. The theme is rooted in: (1) findings that human-computer interaction is social and emotional even when interfaces are not designed with such interaction as a goal, and (2) advances in technology, enabling computers to recognize, express, and respond to emotional and social information. The panelists will describe the guiding theory for this research, show examples of emerging technologies including new wearable, implantable, and robotic interfaces, and discuss the implications of social-emotional interaction for interface development, design, and testing.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {698–699},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {social interfaces, implantables, media equation, wearable computing, affective computing, sociable robots},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506553,
author = {Olsen, Dan R. and Arnowitz, Jonathan and Braiterman, Jared and Skidgel, John and Dykstra-Erickson, Elizabeth and Evenson, Shelley},
title = {Design Expo 2},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506553},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506553},
abstract = {In this panel, we explore four sets of designs with different objectives and audiences. We discuss design approach, design goals, and design results, and how these designs might be different had they employed different design approaches and criteria for success. This panel builds on the Design Expo of CHI2001 to explore approaches to design through the display and discussion of design artifacts.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {700–701},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {design method, interaction, design, user experience},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506554,
author = {Rosenbaum, Stephanie and Cockton, Gilbert and Coyne, Kara and Muller, Michael and Rauch, Thyra},
title = {Focus Groups in HCI: Wealth of Information or Waste of Resources?},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506554},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506554},
abstract = {Many HCI professionals frown on focus groups, while some believe focus group methodology can be successfully applied to collect usability data. This panel features interaction among HCI professionals with very different experiences and opinions.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {702–703},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {market research, participatory design, focus groups, methodology, ethnography, usability},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506555,
author = {Druin, Allison and Strommen, Erik and Barranca, Matt and Sacher, Heiko and Tatar, Deborah G. and Solloway, Elliot},
title = {The World of Wireless and Kids},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506555},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506555},
abstract = {In this panel, we will explore the impact that emerging new wireless technologies have on the way children learn, communicate and play. The challenge of interface design for children's wireless technologies will be discussed along with the opportunities these new technologies afford for social learning experiences. Panelists will discuss a range of issues based on their diverse perspectives as ethnographers, researchers, and product developers. Panelists will be asked questions not only from the audience, but also from a diverse group of discussants: three CHIkids (ages 7--11), one K-12 teacher and one parent of a child who uses wireless technologies.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {704–705},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {educational applications, wireless technologies, children},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506556,
author = {Gobert, Danielle and Howlett, Virginia and Snyder, Carolyn and Tamler, Howard and Tullis, Thomas S. and Wilson, Chauncey},
title = {What the Best Usability Specialists Are Made Of},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506556},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506556},
abstract = {Many usability specialists practicing today have not had the benefit of formal education in the field, instead bringing unique value from their various backgrounds. This panel will address how (if at all) individuals' backgrounds contribute to their approach to usability. The panel will also investigate potential career paths and connections between a usability practitioner's background and his or her self-defined successes in usability groups positioned in different organizational structures.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {706–707},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {education, usability, backgrounds, careers},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506557,
author = {James, Frankie and Lai, Jennifer and Suhm, Bernhard and Balentine, Bruce and Makhoul, John and Nass, Clifford and Shneiderman, Ben},
title = {Getting Real about Speech: Overdue or Overhyped?},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506557},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506557},
abstract = {Speech has recently made headway towards becoming a more mainstream interface modality. For example, there is an increasing number of call center applications, especially in the airline and banking industries. However, speech still has many properties that cause its use to be problematic, such as its inappropriateness in both very quiet and very noisy environments, and the tendency of speech to increase cognitive load. Concerns about such problems are valid; however, they do not explain why the use of speech is so controversial in the HCI community. This panel would like to address the issues underlying the controversy around speech, by discussing the current state of the art, the reasons it is so difficult to build a good speech interface, and how HCI research can contribute to the development of speech interfaces.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {708–709},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {social responses, speech interfaces, cognitive load},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506559,
author = {Schliemann, Trond and Asting, Trude and F\o{}lstad, Asbj\o{}rn and Heim, Jan},
title = {Medium Preference and Medium Effects in Person-Person Communication},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506559},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506559},
abstract = {How does user's media preference vary with communication situation, and does media preference in a certain situation, and does media preference in a certain situation predict actual performance? Preference study shows that user's choice of communication medium seems to follow a common pattern, relatively independent of the communication task at hand - Video being most preferred, text chat the least. Parallel effect studies of person-person communication show, however, that actual task outcome varies with the type of task performed.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {710–711},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {telecommunication, media preference, medium effect},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506560,
author = {Pering, Celine},
title = {Taming of the Ring: Context Specific Social Mediation for Communication Devices},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506560},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506560},
abstract = {Taming of the Ring is an interactive system that lessens the problems of social disturbance caused by cell phone communication. As cell phone usage levels increase, social disturbance becomes an increasingly important issue. Callers and receivers have a need to discretely handle phone communication in delicate social situations. Early cell phone usage observations led to an interaction model hypothesis. A functional prototype was created to test the concept in the field. Preliminary results indicate that both calling and receiving users want more responsibility and control when placing phone calls, and that two remotely-mediated options, "hold" and "meeting," were enough to fill this communication need in the majority of situations.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {712–713},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {interaction design, mediated communication, telecommunication, functional prototype},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506561,
author = {Horn, Daniel B. and Karasik, Lana and Olsen, Judith S.},
title = {The Effects of Spatial and Temporal Video Distortion on Lie Detection Performance},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506561},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506561},
abstract = {In various types of interactions, individuals may attempt to determine whether their communication partners are being honest or deceptive. Judgments of honesty rely, in part, on assessments of nonverbal behavior. With the increased use of videoconferencing technology, many traditionally face-to-face interactions now take place over sub-optimal video connections. In these connections, reduced spatial and temporal video quality may affect the ability to detect whether others are lying or telling the truth. In the current study we examined the effects of varying levels of temporal and spacial distortion on lie detection performance. Consistent with earlier work, we found that a slight distortion of video signal impaired lie detection performance. Surprisingly, performance improved when the video was severely spatially degraded.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {714–715},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {video mediated communication, lie detection},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506562,
author = {Huang, Wei and Olson, Judith S. and Olson, Gary M.},
title = {Camera Angle Affects Dominance in Video-Mediated Communication},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506562},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506562},
abstract = {Physical proximity and appearance guide people to interact with each other in different ways [1,6]. However, in Video-Mediated Communications (VMC), these are distorted in various ways. Monitors and camera zooms make people look close or far, monitors and camera angles can be high or low making people look tall or short, volume can be loud or soft, making people sound assertive or submissive, --all independent of the true physical characteristics or intentions of the participants. Here we test the apparent height of a person on how dominant they are in a group decision-making task. We found that the artificially tall people had more influence in the group decision than the artifically short people.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {716–717},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {camera angle, proximity, height, VMC, influence, dominance, distance},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506563,
author = {Davis, John P. and Farnham, Shelly and Jensen, Carlos},
title = {Decreasing Online 'bad' Behavior},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506563},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506563},
abstract = { 'Bad' behavior is a serious problem in many online social situations, such as chat rooms. One potential reason is that social norms for 'proper' interpersonal behavior are not invoked in these situations as they are in face-to-face interactions. We describe a game we developed to explore good and bad behavior in computer-mediated situations. We found that increasing the 'social' nature of the interaction through voice communication between game partners decreased aversive behavior, but having profile information about the other person had little impact.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {718–719},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {profiles, voice communication, online, prisoner's dilemma, aversive behavior, cooperation},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506564,
author = {Isaacs, Ellen and Kamm, Candace and Schiano, Diane J. and Walendowski, Alan and Whittaker, Steve},
title = {Characterizing Instant Messaging from Recorded Logs},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506564},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506564},
abstract = {Most studies about instant messaging (IM) are based on self-report data. We logged thousands of real IM conversations and examined them to find characteristic patterns of IM use in the workplace. Frequent IMers have longer, faster-paced interactions than do infrequent users, with shorter turns, more threading, and more multitasking. Pairs who IM with each other often have longer interactions with more threading than do rare partners. In contrast to previous characterizations, IM is used only occasionally to set up interactions in other media.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {720–721},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {instant messaging, multitasking, switch media, threading},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506565,
author = {Nishimoto, Kazushi and Oshima, Chika and Miyagawa, Yohei and Shirosaki, Takashi},
title = {A Musical Instrument for Facilitating Musical Expressions},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506565},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506565},
abstract = {In this paper, we propose a new musical instrument that allows people to concentrate on controlling indiscrete elements so that they can directly create their musical expressions. We describe a prototype musical instrument and demonstrate two applications of the prototype to show its effectiveness.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {722–723},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {musical expressions, discrete/indiscrete elements},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506566,
author = {Amento, Brian and Hill, Will and Terveen, Loren},
title = {The Sound of One Hand: A Wrist-Mounted Bio-Acoustic Fingertip Gesture Interface},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506566},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506566},
abstract = {Two hundred and fifty years ago the Japanese Zen master Hakuin asked the question, "What is the Sound of the Single Hand?" This koan has long served as an aid to meditation but it also describes our new interaction techinique. We discovered that gentle fingertip gestures such as tapping, rubbing, and flicking make quiet sounds that travel by bone conduction throughout the hand. A small wristband-mounted contact microphone can reliably and inexpensively sense these sounds. We harnessed this "sound in the hand" phenomenon to build a wristband-mounted bio-acoustic fingertip gesture interface. The bio-acoustic interface recognizes some common gestures that state-of-the-art glove and image-processing techniques capture but in a smaller, mobile package.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {724–725},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {wrist, human-computer interaction, gestural interfaces, mobile devices, gestures, acoustics, fingers},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506567,
author = {Shriver, Stefanie and Rosenfeld, Roni},
title = {Keywords for a Universal Speech Interface},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506567},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506567},
abstract = {In this paper, we describe an internet survey conducted to help choose keywords for a universal speech interface. We present the background of and motivation for this study, and discuss its results and implications for our project.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {726–727},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {user interface, spoken dialog systems, speech, user survery, standardization},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506568,
author = {Lieberman, Henry},
title = {Out of Many, One: Reliable Results from Unreliable Recognition},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506568},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506568},
abstract = {Recognition technologies such as speech recognition and optical recognition are still, by themselves, not reliable enough for many practical uses in user interfaces. However, by combining input from several sources, each of which may be unreliable by itself, and with knowledge of a specific task and context that the user is engaged in, we might achieve enough recognition to provide useful results. We describe a preliminary experiment to assist the user in giving directions for urban navigation by combining partial results from unreliable speech recognition and unreliable visual recognition.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {728–729},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {navigation, heuristics, speech recognition, optical character recognition, intelligent agents},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506569,
author = {Mueller, Florian and Karau, Matthew},
title = {Transparent Hearing},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506569},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506569},
abstract = {This paper describes what we call Transparent Hearing: the use of microphone equipped headphones for augmented audio. It provides a framework for experiments like real-time audio alteration, multi-modal sensory integration and collaborative listening experiences. We attach high-quality microphones to headphones and send the signal through a computer to these headphones. We have built headphones that stop the music if somebody wants to talk to you, a pseudophone, and collaborative I hear What You Hear headphones that are triggered by eye-contact.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {730–731},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {pseudophone, infrared, augmented audio, range finding, microphones, binaural, headphones},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506570,
author = {Paradiso, Joseph A. and Leo, Che King and Checka, Nisha and Hsiao, Kaijen},
title = {Passive Acoustic Knock Tracking for Interactive Windows},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506570},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506570},
abstract = {We describe a novel interface that locates and characterizes knocks and taps atop a large glass window. Our current setup uses four contact piezoelectric pickups located near the sheet's corners to record the acoustic wavefront coming from the knocks. A digital signal processor extracts relevent characteristics from these signals, such as amplitudes, frequency components and differential timings, which are used to estimate the location of the hit and provide other parameters, including the rough accuracy of this estimate, the nature of each hit (e.g., knuckle knock, metal tap, or fist bang), and the strike intensity. This system requires only simple hardware, needs no special adaptation of the glass pane, and allows all transducers to be mounted on the inner surface, hence it is quite easy to deploy as a retrofit to existing windows. This opens many applications, such as an interactive storefront, with projected content controlled by knocks on the display window.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {732–733},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {touch screen, interactive surface, acoustic tracking},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506571,
author = {van Es, Ivo and Heylen, Dirk and van Dijk, Betsy and Nijholt, Anton},
title = {Gaze Behavior of Talking Faces Makes a Difference},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506571},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506571},
abstract = {We present the results of an experiment investigating the effects of a talking head's gaze behavior on the user's quality assessment of the interface. We compared a version that used life-like rules for gazing with a version that would keep its eyes fixed on the visitor most of the time, and a random version. We found significant differences between these gaze algorithms in terms of ease of use, efficiency and other quality factors.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {734–735},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {conversational agents, evaluation, gaze},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506572,
author = {Vertegaal, Roel and Weevers, Ivo and Sohn, Changuk},
title = {GAZE-2: An Attentive Video Conferencing System},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506572},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506572},
abstract = {GAZE-2 is an attentive video conferencing system that conveys whom users are talking to by measuring whom a user looks at and then rotating his video image towards that person in a 3D meeting room. Attentive Videotunnels ensure a parallax-free image by automatically broadcasting the feed from the camera closest to where the user looks. The system allows attentive compression by reducing resolution of video and audio feeds from users that are not being looked at.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {736–737},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {eye tracking, CSCW, attentive Interfaces, video conferencing, gaze},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506573,
author = {Intille, Stephen and Kukla, Charles and Ma, Xiaoyi},
title = {Eliciting User Preferences Using Image-Based Experience Sampling and Reflection},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506573},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506573},
abstract = {Determining requirements for any design project involves identifying and ranking user needs and preferences. User needs are typically elicited via personal or focus group interviews, site visits, and photographic and video analysis. Often, however, users know more than they say in a single or even several interviews [1]. We propose a methodology for assisting a user who is interested in learning about his or her own preferences using a process we call image-based experience sampling and reflection. We describe the methodology using a storyboard example from the domain of architectural redesign of home environments.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {738–739},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {experience sampling, conjoint analysis, user-based digital design, reflection, eliciting preferences},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506574,
author = {Evers, Vanessa},
title = {Cross-Cultural Applicability of User Evaluation Methods: A Case Study amongst Japanese, North-American, English and Dutch Users},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506574},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506574},
abstract = {This paper describes the findings for an international user study investigating cultural applicability of user evaluation methods. The case study evaluates cultural differences in understanding of a virtual campus website across four culturally different user groups by using the same methods for each group. Findings suggest that some user evaluation methods are less applicable than others are for a culturally diverse user base.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {740–741},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {culture, user research methods, international usability testing},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506575,
author = {Riegelsberger, Jens and Sasse, M. Angela},
title = {Face It - Photos Don't Make a Web Site Trustworthy},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506575},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506575},
abstract = {Use of staff photographs is frequently advocated as a means of increasing customer confidence in an e-shop. However, these claims are not conceptually or empirically grounded. In this paper we describe a qualitative study, which elicited customer reactions towards an e-commerce site that displayed staff photographs and links to richer media. The results suggest that employing social and affective cues, particularly in the form of photos, can be a risky strategy. To be effective they should be combined with functionality and targeted specifically at the user types we identified.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {742–743},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {e-CRM, affective cues, trust, social cues, e-commerce},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506576,
author = {H\"{a}ubl, Gerald and Figueroa, Pablo},
title = {Ineractive 3D Presentations and Buyer Behavior},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506576},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506576},
abstract = {This paper shows preliminary results on how interactive 3D product presentations affect buyer behavior in e-commerce applications over the Internet. We conducted two experiments involving simulated online shopping trips, in which subjects saw some products with 3D presentations and made product choices. The results show that the availability of interactive 3D product presentations instead of still images may affect some important aspects of buyer behavior, including the amount of time spent examining products and purchase likelihood.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {744–745},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {interactive 3D, VR, buyer behavior, e-commerce},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506577,
author = {Friedman, Batya and Hurley, David and Howe, Daniel C. and Felten, Edward and Nissenbaum, Helen},
title = {Users' Conceptions of Web Security: A Comparative Study},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506577},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506577},
abstract = {This study characterizes users' conceptions of web security. Seventy-two individuals, 24 each from a rural community in Maine, a suburban professional community in New Jersey, and a high-technology community in California, participated in an extensive (2-hour) semi-structured interview (including a drawing task) about Web security. The results show that many users across the three diverse communities mistakently evaluated whether a connection is secure or not secure. Empirically-derived typologies are provided for (1) conceptions of security based on users' verbal reasoning, (2) the types of evidence users depend upon in evaluating whether a connection is secure, and (3) conceptions of security as portrayed in users' drawings. Design implications are discussed.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {746–747},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {user models, user differences, web security, WWW, value-sensitive design, security, web models, user conceptions},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506578,
author = {Steinbr\"{u}ck, Ulrike and Schaumburg, Heike and Duda, Sabrina and Kr\"{u}ger, Thomas},
title = {A Picture Says More than a Thousand Words: Photographs as Trust Builders in e-Commerce Websites},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506578},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506578},
abstract = {Virtual re-embedding, i.e., adding social cues to a website, has been suggested as a possible strategy to increase consumer trust in online-vendors. Numerous online retailers meanwhile incorporate this strategy, for example by adding photographs and names of customer service agents or by creating chat and callback opportunities. Yet, little is is known about the effectiveness of virtual re-embedding. The present study examined the effectiveness of a comparably simple strategy, the inclusion of photograph in an e-bank's website and found a significant positive effect on perceived trustworthiness of the examined website. It is suggested that virtual re-embedding is an effective way to increase customer trust and that it does not even have to be costly to implement.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {748–749},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {b2c relationship, e-banking, e-commerce, trust, trustworthiness, re-embedding},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506579,
author = {Churchill, Elizabeth F. and Nelson, Les},
title = {Tangibly Simple, Architecturally Complex: Evaluating a Tangible Presentation Aid},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506579},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506579},
abstract = {In this paper, we describe an evaluation of the Palette, a presentation tool that was reported at CHI '99. The Palette allows presenters to quickly access digital presentations using physical cards that have unique barcodes printed on them. The Palette has been in use in our lab for over three years, and has been released as a product in Japan. Our evaluation consists of an analysis of usage logs, an expert walkthrough review, and observations and interviews with users, non-users and the system administrator. The findings reveal benefits and drawbacks of the technology, and offers design ideas for further work on tangible tools of this kind.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {750–751},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {tangible interfaces, evaluation, presentations, hidden dependencies},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506580,
author = {Camarata, Ken and Do, Ellen Yi-Luen and Gross, Mark D. and Johnson, Brian R.},
title = {Navigational Blocks: Tangible Navigation of Digital Information},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506580},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506580},
abstract = {Navigational Blocks provide a tangible user interface for applications such as information kiosks. Orientation, movement, and relative position of electronically and microprocessor augmented physical blocks support visitor querying, retrieving, understanding, navigation and exploration of an historical information database.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {752–753},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {tangible user interface, database query, information navigation, electromagnetic haptic feedback},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506581,
author = {Schiphorst, Thecla and Lovell, Robb and Jaffe, Norman},
title = {Using a Gestural Interface Toolkit for Tactile Input to a Dynamic Virtual Space},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506581},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506581},
abstract = {In this paper, we describe the development of a gesture interface toolkit that has been applied to an application of tactile gesture recognition within an artificial life environment. The goal is to design a gestural semantics of caress, in which qualitative attributes of gesture are expressed as a function of tactility. A touch-sensitive tablet capable of detecting multiple simultaneous contacts was used to provide a source of tactile gestures (stroking, pressing, tapping, wrapping, spreading, pinching, nudging) which were then interpreted by the software as events to be sent to the active creature in the environment. Participants could observe the creature reactions within a three-dimensional immersive display system.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {754–755},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {gesture-based interface, tactile input, movement analysis, CAVE, Max/MSP, whole hand input, gestural analysis, Laban Effort-Shape analysis, gesture toolkit, Tactex MTC, immersive environment, gesture recognition},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506582,
author = {Lertsithichai, Surapong and Seegmiller, Matthew},
title = {CUBIK: A Bi-Directional Tangible Modeling Interface},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506582},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506582},
abstract = {We present CUBIK, a bi-directional tangible modeling interface used to aid architects and designers in the process of creating and manipulating 3D models with the computer. CUBIK consists of a wire frame cube structure and an interactive virtual cube as its user interfaces. When activated users can manipulate a 3D model from either interface physically or virtually. Any one interface can change its configuration according to manipulations from the other interface, enabling designers to directly assemble and manipulate tangible objects as an aid in designing 3D models. This can improve the interaction between designers and computer-aided design systems.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {756–757},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {bi-directional interface, computer-aided design, computational construction kits, tangible modeling},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506583,
author = {Bourgeois, Fr\'{e}dr\'{e}ric and Guiard, Yves},
title = {Multiscale Pointing: Facilitating Pan-Zoom Coordination},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506583},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506583},
abstract = {In a laboratory experiment on multiscale pointing, we compared one-handed vs. two-handed input for two zoom-control devices, a wheel vs. a mini-joystick with an all or none response. Using a recent method of quantifying multiple degree-of-freedom (DOF) input coordination to evaluate pan-zoom parallelism, we confirm previous work [1] showing that multiscale pointing performance strongly depends on the degree of pan-zoom parallelism. The new finding is that two-handed input and a constant zoom speed allow more input parallelism, thereby increasing performance speed.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {758–759},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {multiscale pointing, two-handed input, pan-zoom coordination, multiscale worlds, zoom control devices, input devices},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506584,
author = {Koike, Hideki and Xinlei, Chen and Nakanishi, Yasoto and Oka, Kenji and Sato, Yoichi},
title = {Two-Handed Drawing on Augmented Desk},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506584},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506584},
abstract = {This paper describes a two-handed drawing tool on Enhanced Desk. Through the experiments, our tool showed better performance when drawing simple figures than traditional drawing tools. The subjects also reported that it was easier to learn the usage of the tool.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {760–761},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {augmented reality, gesture recognition, computer vision, perceptive user interface, direct manipulation, two-handed interaction, finger/hand recognition},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506585,
author = {St. Amant, Robert and Horton, Thomas E.},
title = {A Tool-Based Interactive Drawing Environment},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506585},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506585},
abstract = {Graphical user interfaces rely heavily on the tool metaphor. In most drawing systems, for example, functions are organized as they might be on a workbench; buttons associated with drawing modes for lines or rectangles are called line-drawing or rectangle-drawing tools; etc. Despite the similarities, however, there remain many differences between software tools and physical tools. This paper gives a concise account of tool use in general, and describes a drawing application, called HabilisDraw, that relies on a detailed correspondence to physical tool behavior.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {762–763},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {tool use, interface design, metaphors},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506586,
author = {Pranovich, Sviataslau and van Wijk, Jarke J. and van Overveld, Kees},
title = {The KITE Geometry Manipulator},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506586},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506586},
abstract = {We introduce a new geometry manipulator, a tool for 2D geometrical object manipulations in drawing packages. The manipulator is an extended combination of two standard approaches. We performed an experiment, where users tested three types of manipulator. We evaluated the manipulators on perceived flexibility, efficiency of use, and subjective satisfaction. Our new manipulator scored high on all aspects.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {764–765},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {geometric transformation, geometry manipulator, drawing package},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506587,
author = {Keates, Simeon and Clarkson, P. John and Robinson, Peter},
title = {Understanding How to Improve the Accessibility of Computers through Cursor Control Studies},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506587},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506587},
abstract = {People with motion-impairments often find it difficult to perform many of the actions required to interact with a computer. This paper presents the results of an on-going series of experiments designed to understand how using force feedback affects interaction for motion-impaired users. Point and click tasks were analyzed using new cursor control measures. The results showed significant improvement in throughput for all users with force-feedback and the cursor control measures were effective in capturing the differences between the conditions.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {766–767},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {motion-impaired users, cursor studies, force feedback},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506588,
author = {Steel, Anette and Jones, Matt and Apperley, Mark and Jehan, Tristan},
title = {The Use of Auditory Feecback in Call Centre CHHI},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506588},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506588},
abstract = {Initial investigations have been carried out to evaluate issues of the computer-human-human interaction (CHHI) commonly found in call centre scenarios. These investigations suggest some benefits in the use of auditory icons and earcons.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {768–769},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {CHI, auditory feedback, call centre interaction, CHHI, visually impaired software},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506589,
author = {Ramloll, Rameshsharma and Brewster, Stephen},
title = {A Generic Approach for Augmenting Tactile Diagrams with Spatial Non-Speech Sounds},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506589},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506589},
abstract = {Blind or visually impaired users typically access diagrams in the tactile medium. This paper describes TouchMelody, a system designed for augmenting such existing diagrams with 3D spatial auditory information to increase their usefulness, information content and reduce tactile clutter. The motivation for this system, an overview of its development and early experiences are presented. The two major technologies used are the Polhemus FASTRAK and the LakeDSP CP4 to facilitate the creation of a directly manipulated dynamic 3D spatial soundscape.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {770–771},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {spatial sound, sound enhancement, tactile diagrams},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506590,
author = {Kamel, Hesham M. and Landay, James A.},
title = {Constructing Moving Pictures Eyes-Free: An Animation Tool for the Blind},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506590},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506590},
abstract = {Visually impaired people constantly interpret moving phenomena in the real world; they do not lack the skills to understand the meaning of what is portrayed in an animation. However, today there is no method that allows them to create computer-based animation. We have extended IC2D, a drawing tool for the blind, to allow users to construct animation based on their drawings by defining rotation, swing, and path motions.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {772–773},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {visually impaired, assistive technology, IC2D, drawing, animation},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506591,
author = {Wyeth, Peta and Purchase, Helen C.},
title = {Tangible Programming Elements for Young Children},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506591},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506591},
abstract = {Tangible programming elements offer the dynamic and programmable properties of a computer without the complexity introduced by the keyboard, mouse and screen. This paper explores the extent to which programming skills are used by children during interactions with a set of tangible programming elements: the Electronic Blocks. An evaluation of the Electronic Blocks indicates that children become heavily engaged with the blocks, and learn simple programming with a minimum of adult support.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {774–775},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {programming, tangible interface, education, children},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506592,
author = {Vaucelle, Catherine and Jehan, Tristan},
title = {Dolltalk: A Computational Toy to Enhance Children's Creativity},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506592},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506592},
abstract = {This paper presents a novel approach and interface for encouraging children to tell and act out original stories. Dolltalk is a toy that simulates speech recognition by capturing the gestures and speech of a child. The toy then plays back a child's pretend-play speech in altered voices representing the characters of the child's story. Dolltalk's tangible interface and ability to retell a child's story may enhance a child's creativity in narrative elaboration.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {776–777},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {children, tangible interface, performance, toy, motion and speech detection, perspective-taking, narrative elaboration},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506593,
author = {Pering, Celine},
title = {Pet Pals: A Game for Social Mediation},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506593},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506593},
abstract = {Pet Pals is a game that facilitates social interaction in a real world group context. Early user research of pre-teens indicated that children establish a social hierarchy through sharing and trading. The needs revealed in the study led to a game design to mediate peer interaction through trade. A functional prototype was developed to test the game on two groups of users. Pet Pals is a game of trading that globally monitors who is participating in real-time by tracking the exchange of objects and dynamically altering each object's value to encourage those not participating to interact with each other, in part by making their objects more valuable to others. Through bouth and neagative reinforcement, the system promotes face-to-face communication.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {778–779},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {wireless computer games, social interaction, interaction design, personalization},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506594,
author = {Green, Jonathan and Schn\"{a}delbach, Holger and Koleva, Boriana and Benford, Steve and Pridmore, Tony and Medina, Karen and Harris, Eric and Smith, Hilary},
title = {Camping in the Digital Wilderness: Tents and Flashlights as Interfaces to Virtual Worlds},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506594},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506594},
abstract = {A projection screen in the shape of a tent provides children with a shared immersive experience of a virtual world based on the metaphor of camping. RFID aerials at its entrances sense tagged children and objects as they enter and leave. Video tracking allows multiple flashlights to be used as pointing devices. The tent is an example of a traversable interface, designed for deployment in public spaces such as museums, galleries and classrooms.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {780–781},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {virtual environments, video tracking, RFID, immersive and traversable interfaces, single display groupware},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506595,
author = {Althoff, Frank and Geiss, Karla and McGlaun, Gregor and Schuller, Bj\"{o}rn and Lang, Manfred},
title = {Experimental Evaluation of User Errors at the Skill-Based Level in an Automative Environment},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506595},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506595},
abstract = {Concentrating on the lowest performance level of Reason's error model, in this work we evaluated the potential of user errors in an automative environment. Thereby the test subjects had to operate various in-car devices while primarily fulfilling a simulated 3D driving task. The study clearly showed that special error types are related to special distraction effects and that most of the operation errors are not critical and can be resolved by the user himself.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {782–783},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {user errors, usability study, automotive application},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506596,
author = {Seay, A. Fleming and Krum, David M. and Hodges, Larry and Ribarsky, William},
title = {Simulator Sickness and Presence in a High Field-of-View Virtual Environment},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506596},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506596},
abstract = {This paper describes a study that investigated the effect of field-of-view, display type, and user role on the experience of simulator sickness and presence in users of a virtual environment. Though it interacted with the other experimental factors, field-of-view was found to be the major determinant of both simulator sickness and presence.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {784–785},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {VR, simulator sickness, field-of-view, presence},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506597,
author = {Marsden, Gary and Cherry, Robert and Haefele, Alan},
title = {Small Screen Access to Digital Libraries},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506597},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506597},
abstract = {This paper looks at the possibilities of taking existing digital library technology and using it for educating those who do not normally have access to the Internet. We have built a system which allows WAP devices to access an HTML based digital libary. Whilst building such a system is technically possible, our work has shown that there are a wide range of usability issues which need to be tackled. We investigate these problems, suggest improvements and outline where future research needs to take place.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {786–787},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {mobile interaction, digital divide, digital libraries},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506598,
author = {Bickmore, Timothy},
title = {Towards the Design of Multimodal Interfaces for Handheld Conversational Characters},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506598},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506598},
abstract = {This paper presents a study of individuals having conversations with animated characters on PDAs, and characterizes their use of natural nonverbal behavior compared to behavior exhibited in similar conversations with another person. The study finds that most people use the same nonverbal behavior in conversation handheld characters that they use in conversations with people, although the frequency is somewhat lower in the handheld case. These results can inform the design of new PDA input modalities which leverage the natural nonverbal behavior observed.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {788–789},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {conversational characters, embodied conversational agent, handheld computers, multimodal input, PDAs},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506599,
author = {Manalavan, Punitha and Samar, Asad and Schneider, Mike and Kiesler, Sara and Siewiorek, Dan},
title = {In-Car Cell Phone Use: Mitigating Risk by Signaling Remote Callers},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506599},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506599},
abstract = {Research has linked in-car cell phone use with automobile accidents. We explore a signaling method that could mitigate that risk. We show in a first experiment how remote cell phone callers were induced to speak less during critical driving periods, and, in a second experiment, how driving performance in a simulator improved when callers reduced conversation levels during critical driving periods.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {790–791},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {driving, distraction, cognitive load, attention, context-aware computing, cell phones},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506600,
author = {Luchini, Kathleen and Quintana, Chris and Krajcik, Joe and Farah, Chris and Nandihalli, Nayan and Reese, Kyle and Wieczorek, Adam and Soloway, Elliot},
title = {Scaffolding in the Small: Designing Educational Supports for Concept Mapping on Handheld Computers},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506600},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506600},
abstract = {Handheld computers offer the flexibility and mobility to be "ready at hand" tools that can facilitate learning anytime, anywhere. Applying the principles of Learner Centered Design [2], we have developed Pocket PiCoMap to support students engaged in complex concept mapping activities using handheld computers. Pocket PiCoMap uses scaffolds to address specific student needs; for instance, a color scaffold was provided to address students' difficulty organizing and understanding information displayed on small screens. Pocket PiCoMap was piloted for six weeks with 33 eighth grade students in mid-Michigan classrooms, and our preliminary results suggest that scaffolds are both useful and viable for handheld educational software.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {792–793},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {scaffolds, concept map, learner centered design, handhelds},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506601,
author = {Denoue, Laurent and Chiu, Patrick and Fuse, Tohru},
title = {Shared Text Input for Note Taking on Handheld Devices},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506601},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506601},
abstract = {Shared text input is a technique we implemented into a note taking system for facilitating text entry on small devices. Instead of writing out words on the tedious text entry interfaces found on handheld computers, users can quickly reuse words and phrases already entered by others. Sharing notes during a meeting also increases awareness among note takers. We found that filtering the text to share was appropriate to deal with a variety of design issues such as screen real estate, scalability, privacy, reciprocity, and predictability of text location.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {794–795},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {note taking, handheld devices, shared text input},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506602,
author = {Waterson, Sarah and Landay, James A. and Matthews, Tara},
title = {In the Lab and out in the Wild: Remote Web Usability Testing for Mobile Devices},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506602},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506602},
abstract = {In this paper we discuss a pilot usability study using wireless Internet-enabled personal digital assistants (PDAs). We compared usability data gathered in traditional lab studies with a proxy-based clickstream logging and analysis tool. We found that this remote testing technique can more easily gather many of the content-related usability issues, but device-related issues are more difficult to capture.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {796–797},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {usability evaluation, mobile internet, remote usability testing, clickstreams, log file visualization},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@dataset{10.1145/review-506443.506602_R35193,
author = {Arnfeld, Alan M},
title = {Review ID:R35193 for DOI: 10.1145/506443.506602},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/review-506443.506602_R35193}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506603,
author = {Good, Lance and Stefik, Mark and Baudisch, Patrick and Bederson, Benjamin B.},
title = {Automatic Text Reduction for Changing Size Constraints},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506603},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506603},
abstract = {This paper introduces a technique for viewing text objects under changing size constraints in 2D environments. Our approach automatically combines font size reduction and content reduction to preserve legibility of key words. Unlike traditional semantic zooming, our approach creates intermediate representations and transitions automatically. The main benefit is that it provides more meaningful views for different object sizes without additional authoring effort.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {798–799},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {text reduction, spatial hypertext, semantic zooming},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506604,
author = {Prabhakar, Sandeep and Conklin, Nathan and North, Chris and Thirunavukkarasu, Muthukumar and Dandapani, Anusha and Panchanathan, Ganesh},
title = {Breakdown Visualization: Multiple Foci Polyarchies of Values and Attributes},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506604},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506604},
abstract = {Breakdown analysis involves decomposing data into sub-groups to allow for comparison and identification of problem areas. Good analysis requires the ability to group data based on attributes or values. Breakdown Visualization provides a mechanism to support this analysis through user guided decomposition and exploration of tabular data with a polyarchy structure. This is useful in domains such as sports statistics and corporate financial reports. Breakdown Visualization utilizes a spreadsheet format for comparison of adjacent visualizations.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {800–801},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {multiple foci, financial visualization, visual decomposition, polyarchy structure, visualization, breakdown},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506605,
author = {Hutchings, Dugald Ralph and Stasko, John},
title = {QuickSpace: New Operations for the Desktop Metaphor},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506605},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506605},
abstract = {The explosion of information available to everyday users has resulted in numerous applications that allow users to access this information. Fundamental desktop operations fail to assist the user efficiently display all of the information available in these applications. We propose a number of new window and space management techniques that attempt to solve this problem.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {802–803},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {space management, window management, desktop user interfaces},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506606,
author = {lramee, Robert S.},
title = {Interactive 3D Flow Visualization Using a Streamrunner},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506606},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506606},
abstract = {Flow visualization in 3D is challenging due to perceptual problems such as occlusion, lack of directional cues, lack of depth cues, and visual complexity. In this paper we present an interaction technique that addresses these special problems for 3D flow visualization. The feature we present, a streamrunner, games the user interactive control over the evolution of streamlines from the time they are seeds until they reach their full length. The interactive streamrunner control minimizes occlusion and visual complexity and maximizes directional and depth cues for 3D flow visualization tools, the streamrunner gives a brand new level of control to the user investigating the vector field.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {804–805},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {3D vector field visualization, occlusion, 3D flow visualization, streamrunner, streamlines, interaction, visual complexity},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506607,
author = {Tan, Desney S. and Pausch, Randy and Stefanucci, Jeanine K. and Proffitt, Dennis R.},
title = {Kinesthetic Cues Aid Spatial Memory},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506607},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506607},
abstract = {We are interestind in building and evaluating human computer interfaces that make information more memorable. Psychology research informs us that humans access memories through cues, or "memory hooks," acquired at the time we learn the information. In this paper, we show that kinesthetic cues, or the awareness of parts of our body's position with respect to itself or to the environment, are useful for recalling the positions of objects in space. We report a user study demonstrating a 19% increase in spatial memory for information controlled with a touchscreen, which provides direct kinesthetic cues, as compared to a standard mouse interface. We also report results indicating that females may benefit more than males from using the touchscreen device.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {806–807},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {human memory, kinesthesis, spatial memory, gender effects, touchscreen},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506608,
author = {Suzuki, Yuriko and Kobayashi, Minoru and Ishibashi, Satoshi},
title = {Design of Force Feedback Utilizing Air Pressure toward Untethered Human Interface},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506608},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506608},
abstract = {In order to apply VR technologies to tools for everyday life, it is necessary to develop human interface technologies that do not constrain the users' activities. To achieve this goal, we propose a new force feedback method that utilizes air pressure to provide a force sensation to users. This force feedback system does not constrain users by an arm or a wire that connected with devices, and allows users to move their bodies and hands freely. This paper introduces the concept and the initial implementation of the air-pressure-based force feedback system.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {808–809},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {force feedback, air pressure control, virtual environment},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506609,
author = {Itoh, Yoshihiro and Miyajima, Asami and Watanabe, Takumi},
title = { 'TSUNAGARI' Communication: Fostering a Feeling of Connection between Family Members},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506609},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506609},
abstract = {Families in Japan increasingly have one or more members living outside of the family household, but many people don't want to lose the bond between family members when they live apart. We have developed a concept called 'Tsunagari' communication aimed at fostering a feeling of connection between people and maintaining their social relationships. A system based on this concept, called the Family Planter system, was also developed for family use. We have field tested this system with family members living apart, and our interviews of users have shown that the users' family relationships tend to be slightly improved by use of this system.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {810–811},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {communication, community, cue information, family},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506610,
author = {Marshall, Catherine C. and Brush, A.J. Bernheim},
title = {From Personal to Shared Annotations},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506610},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506610},
abstract = {Preliminary results obtained by comparing personal annotations on paper with shared annotations made on-line show that only a small fraction of personal annotations are used in initiating and responding to related on-line discussions. The personal annotations that are shared tended to correspond to explicit marginalia; much effort is still put into rendering both the content and anchors of thse annotations intelligible to others.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {812–813},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {on-line discussion, annotation, reading, collaboration},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506611,
author = {Mark, Gloria and Gonzalez, Victor and Sarini, Marcello and Simone, Carla},
title = {Supporting Articulation with the Reconciler},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506611},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506611},
abstract = {A problem in distributed collaboration is the difficulty in resolving different perspectives. We conducted an experiment to test the Reconciler, a system designed to aid communicating partners in developing and using negotiated meanings of terms in text-based online communication. We found that with the system, groups used fewer clarifications and explanations for technical terms, which suggests that the system aided the memory of negotiated meanings. The results suggest that technology use can benefit articulation.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {814–815},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {CSCW systems, empirical study, articulation work, semantic interoperability, experiment},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506612,
author = {Terry, Michael and Mynatt, Elizabeth D. and Ryall, Kathy and Leigh, Darren},
title = {Social Net: Using Patterns of Physical Proximity over Time to Infer Shared Interests},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506612},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506612},
abstract = {We describe Social Net, a novel interest-matching application that uses patterns of collocation, over time, to infer shared interests between users. Social Net demonstrates new possibilities and methods for using the capabilities of mobile devices equipped with RF-communications.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {816–817},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {matchmaking, wearable computing, mobile device},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506613,
author = {Dieberger, Andreas},
title = {Supporting Collaboration through Passing Informal Notes to Peripheral Displays},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506613},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506613},
abstract = {DropNotes is a note-passing system for informal sharing of information within a small group or for posting notes to oneself. Its goal is to improve collaboration by increasing awareness through peripheral displays. DropNotes typically appear on peripheral displays placed in the work environment, such as a door panel, a peripheral display near the phone, a group board in a break room or a PDA. The design of DropNotes focuses both on making note creation easy and on minimizing interruptions. As such, DropNotes supports informal information sharing and peripheral awareness rather than messaging.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {818–819},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {messaging, awareness, peripheral display},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506614,
author = {Stanton, Dana\"{e} and Bayon, Victor and Abnett, Camilla and Cobb, Sue and O'Malley, Clair},
title = {The Effect of Tangible Interfaces on Children's Collaborative Behaviour},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506614},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506614},
abstract = {The physical nature of the classroom means that children are continually divided into small groups. The present study examined collaboration on a story creation task using technologies believed to encourage and support collaborative behaviour. Four children used tangible technologies over three sessions. The technology consisted of a large visual display in which they could input content (using Personal Digital Assistants (Pda) and a scanner), record sounds (using RF-ID tags) and navigate around the environment using an arrangement of sensors called 'the magic carpet'. The children could then retell their story using bar-coded images and sounds. The three sessions were video recorded and analysed. Results indicate the importance of immediate feedback and visibility of action for effective collaboration to take place.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {820–821},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {tangible interfaces, children, collaboration},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506615,
author = {Moyle, Michael and Cockburn, Andy},
title = {Gesture Navigation: An Alternative 'back' for the Future},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506615},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506615},
abstract = {This paper describes the evaluation of a gesture-based mechanism for issuing the back and forward commands in web navigation. Results show that subjects were able to navigate significantly faster when using gestures compared to the normal back button. They were also extremely enthusiastic about the technique, with several expressing their wish that "all browsers should support this".},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {822–823},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {browser design, web navigation, gestures},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506616,
author = {Myer, Herbert A. and Hildebrandt, Michael},
title = {Towards Time Design: Pacing of Hypertext Navigation by System Response Times},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506616},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506616},
abstract = {Two experiments investigated the effects of system response time (SRT) on hypertext navigation. Dependent variables were residence time, emotional strain and memory performance. A synchronization between human and computer response time was observed.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {824–825},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {usability, hypertext, system response time, time design},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506617,
author = {schraefel, m. c. and Wigdor, Daniel and Zhu, Yuxiang and Modjeska, David},
title = {Hunter Gatherer: Within-Web-Page Collection Making},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506617},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506617},
abstract = {Hunter Gatherer is a tool that lets Web users carry out three main tasks: (1) collect components from within Web pages; (2) represent those components in a collection; and (3) edit those collections. We report on the design and evaluation of the tool and contextualize tool use in terms of our research goals to investigate possible shifts in information interaction practices resulting from tool use.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {826–827},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {collections, information gathering, attention, information sharing, interaction design, information management},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506618,
author = {Bilezikjian, Mark and Tang, John C. and Begole, James "Bo" and Yankelovich, Nicole},
title = {Exploring Web Browser History Comparisons},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506618},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506618},
abstract = {This work explores how comparing web navigation histories between two people and presenting the results to them might allow them to gain insight about each other. We developed a prototype that presents web matches sorted according to frequency, recency, and web site. Interviews with users of the prototype suggest that common interests and preferences can be inferred from these comparisons.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {828–829},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {web usage mining, shared context, CSCW, web navigation histories, interpersonal context},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506619,
author = {Sinha, Rashmi and Swearingen, Kirsten},
title = {The Role of Transparency in Recommender Systems},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506619},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506619},
abstract = {Recommender Systems act as a personalized decision guides, aiding users in decisions on matters related to personal taste. Most previous research on Recommender Systems has focused on the statistical accuracy of the algorithms driving the systems, with little emphasis on interface issues and the user's perspective. The goal of this research was to examine the role of transprency (user understanding of why a particular recommendation was made) in Recommender Systems. To explore this issue, we conducted a user study of five music Recommender Systems. Preliminary results indicate that users like and feel more confident about recommendations that they perceive as transparent.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {830–831},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {recommender systems, WWW, usability studies},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506620,
author = {Hopkins-Moore, Brenda and Fowler, Susan},
title = {WebQuests: Changing the Way We Teach Online},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506620},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506620},
abstract = {This paper introduces WebQuests as potential teaching tools for HCI and software design educators. Based on our daylong observations of a high-school class, we believe that WebQuests can be adapted for use in online as well as classroom-based education and for use with adults as well as children. The WebQuest model offers three advantages for HCI educators. One is that the students construct their own knowledge and meaning, and thereby learn the material more thoroughly. Another is that a WebQuest, if done correctly, takes advantage of more learning styles. We observed aural, kinesthetic, and visual learning styles, for example. The third advantage is that, since WebQuests are team projects, students learn to work in teams.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {832–833},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {WebQuest, internet, education, distance learning, computer-mediated communication, e-learning, usability},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506622,
author = {Schuemie, Martijn},
title = {Effect of an External Viewpoint on Therapist Performance in Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506622},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506622},
abstract = {In Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy, therapist are usually only supplied with the same viewpoint of the Virtual Enviroment (VE) as the patient. This paper investigates the effect of an external viewpoint on the performance of therapists in a VE. Results show that even though this second viewpoint increases the precision with which the therapist can align real and virtual objects, subjects navigate through the VE in a less efficient manner.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {834–835},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {virtual reality, frame of reference, exposure therapy, navigation},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506623,
author = {Ryu, Hokyoung},
title = {Will It Be Upper-Case or Will It Be Lower-Case: Can a Prompt for Text Be a Mode Signal?},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506623},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506623},
abstract = {The new forms of interaction being devised for small mobile devices have required designers to re-visit basic principles for user interface design. One of these is the notion of mode. For example, when a key is pressed how will the user know whether the letter displayed will be in upper- or lower-case. An experiment is described in which users have to learn to use a new device where this is an issue. Results show that users are influenced by the case of letters in the prompt.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {836–837},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {action-effect consistency, mode, handheld devices},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506624,
author = {Esbj\"{o}rnsson, Mattias and \"{O}stergren, Mattias},
title = {Hocman: Supporting Mobile Group Collaboration},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506624},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506624},
abstract = {We introduce the Hocman prototype, supporting mobile group collaboration among motorcyclists. The design is based on findings from a field study. The motorcyclists are a group with a strong social commitment, however their mobile practice creates collaborative problems. They deal with it by using a website on the Internet, but collaborative issues still remains. For this purpose we have developed a prototype, based on web technology. The prototype is built for handheld computers and wireless communication, allowing the users to share rich content when being in the vicinity of each other.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {838–839},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {ethnographic fieldwork, ad hoc networking, mobile computing, CSCW},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506625,
author = {Gaye, Lalya},
title = {A Flexible 3d Sound System for Interactive Applications},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506625},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506625},
abstract = {We have developed a 3D sound system for headphones that allows real-time sound source and user displacement in a virtual acoustic environment. Because of a flexible design that uses different sets of pre-selected, physically modeled filters, the complexity level of simulation can be chosen, making the system adaptable both to available CPU power and to application requirements. No extensive signal processing knowledge is required in order to select the appropriate simulation complexity. A preliminary evaluation involving 4 users showed that the system provides a satisfying localization of sounds and users (even with limited memory and CPU power) while also giving access to low-level control over simulation complexity.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {840–841},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {3d audio, physical modeling, interactive applications, virtual acoustic environment},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506626,
author = {Hwang, Faustina},
title = {A Study of Cursor Trajectories of Motion-Impaired Users},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506626},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506626},
abstract = {This paper describes a study of the cursor trajectories of motion-impaired users in "point and click" interactions. A characteristic of cursor movement is proposed that aims to capture the spatial distribution of cursor movement about a target. This characteristic indicates that users often exhibit increased cursor movement in the vicinity of the target, have more difficulty performing the "clicking" part of the interaction as compared to the navigation part, and tend to navigate directly toward the target during the middle portion of the cursor trajectory. The implications of these characteristic behaviours on interface design are discussed.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {842–843},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {assistive interfaces, motion-impaired, cursor trajectories},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506627,
author = {Feng, Jinjuan},
title = {Improving Speech-Based Navigation during Dictation},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506627},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506627},
abstract = {This research focuses on understanding the failures of speech-based navigation as it exists in state-of-the-art speech recognition software. A detailed analysis of failure rates, reasons commands fail, and consequences of these failures in the allowed for the identification of three specific improvements to spech-based navigation. Results from a follow-up study are reported, indicating that each of the three improvements reduced failure rates.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {844–845},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {navigation, speech recognition},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506628,
author = {Mahlke, Sascha},
title = {Factors Influencing the Experience of Website Usage},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506628},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506628},
abstract = {The present study examines the role of subjectively preceived factors of the experience of website usage in forming an intention to use a website. An integrative research model is presented and tested empirically. It includes the following four aspects of experience: perceived usefulness, ease of use, hedonic quality and visual attractiveness. The two main research questions are: (1) Are these aspects four subjectively independently preceived aspects of website interaction? and (2) Is the intention to use formed by combining and weighting these four experience aspects and if so, which weights are assigned to the respective aspects.The results suggest that all four aspects of experience can be independently perceived by the user and contribute all with different weights to the intention to use the website.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {846–847},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {user experience, aspects of experience, hedonic quality, perceived website quality},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506629,
author = {Chueng, Priscilla},
title = {Designing Sound Canvas: The Role of Expectation and Discrimination},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506629},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506629},
abstract = {In this paper, expectation and discrimination are identified as two important constructs to be considered in ecological sound design to achieve a sense of presence in virtual enviroments. Research to investigate the extent of this is described and the results obtained are discussed. Future avenues for research, on the basis of these results, are indicated.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {848–849},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {ecological approach, virtual environment, presence, auditory display, affordance},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506630,
author = {Jacobsson, Per},
title = {Using a Tree View Metaphor to Visualize Hardware Simulation for Testing},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506630},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506630},
abstract = {This papers suggests the use of a tree view metaphor as a suitable way of visualizing simulated hardware elements in a graphical user interface (GUI) for testing purposes. The prospective users declared a few comprehensive demands regarding the desired application - such as maximal availability of desktop space and ease of configuring and reconfiguring the hardware simulations. An application was prototyped and evaluated through interviews and an accompanying usability test. Preliminary evaluation shows that using the new GUI with the tree metaphore makes the task of configuration faster and saves desktop space.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {850–851},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {hardware simulation, usability test, 3G, third generation mobile telephony, graphical user interface, tree view},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506631,
author = {Shelat, Bhiru and Egger, Florian N.},
title = {What Makes People Trust Online Gambling Sites?},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506631},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506631},
abstract = {A validated model of trust was used as a framework for an empirical study to identify on- and offline factors that influence gamblers' perception of an online casino's trustworthiness. The results suggest that the quality with which casino's address gamblers' trust concerns by providing appropriate content is the prime factor. However, designing for trust must be part of consistent strategy that also involves customer service usability.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {852–853},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {gambling, trust, user experience strategy, credibility},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506632,
author = {Brunnberg, Liselott},
title = {Backseat Gaming: Expolaration of Mobile Properties for Fun},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506632},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506632},
abstract = {This paper presents a prototype developed as part of the Backseat gaming project. The aim of the project is to explore how to make use of moblie properties for developing compelling and fun game experiences. The prototype is developed for use in a highly mobile situation, that of a car passenger and is realized by the use of mobile devices and the users physical location during speed to merge the virtual content and surrounding road context into an augmented reality game.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {854–855},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {Mobility, wireless computer games, augmented reality, handheld computers},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506633,
author = {Wilson, Karen},
title = {Evaluating Images of Virtual Agents},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506633},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506633},
abstract = {This study examined the perceived attributes of virtual agents, based on their appearance. The aim was to determine the nature of the psychological processes that influence judgements. It was expected that many of the usual characterisitics of stereotypical judgements would influence attributions made with regard to computer agents. Fourteen agents from a population of 150 were used to obtain similarity judgements, preference data, dimensional analysis, and personality judgements. Multidimensional Scaling analysis suggested that computer agents were categorized according to 2 main dimensions (gender and anthropomorphism). The clustering of agents were across dimensions predicted attributions made, with more positive attrbutions made to female agents, less positive to cartoon agents, and the most negative responses to male agents.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {856–857},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {aesthetics, stereotyping, personality, attributions, agents},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506634,
author = {Stiefelhagen, Rainer and Zhu, Jie},
title = {Head Orientation and Gaze Direction in Meetings},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506634},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506634},
abstract = {Detecting who is looking at whom during multiparty interaction is useful for various tasks such as meeting analysis. There are two contributing factors in the formation of where a person is looking at : head orientation and eye orientation. In this poster, we present an experiment aimed at evaluating the potential of head orientation estimation in detecting who is looking at whom, because head orientation can be estimated accurately and robustly with non-intrusive methods while eye orientation can not. Experimental results show that head orientation contributes 68.9% on average to the overall gaze direction, and focus of attention estimation based on head orientation alone can get an average accuracy of 88.7% in a meeting application scenario with four participants. We conclude that head orientation is a good indicator of focus of attention in human computer interaction applications.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {858–859},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {gaze tracking, attention-based interfaces, head pose},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506635,
author = {Schultze, Stephen J.},
title = {A Collaborative Foraging Approach to Web Browsing Enrichment},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506635},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506635},
abstract = {As the amount of Web content grows and diversifies, traditional organizational structures such as keyword search engines and static directories become less useful and comprehensive, requiring more user effort to find relevant information. Information foraging theory [4] and collaborative filtering [6] address this problem in different but compatible ways. This paper introduces an approach called collaborative foraging that applies the biological metaphors of information foraging to the cooperative filtering. The approach assumes that humans best pursue relevent Web content according to optimal foraging behavior, collaborating with communities of like-minded foragers. This paper gives preliminary results of a limited implementation.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {860–861},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {information foraging, collaborative filtering, asynchronous collaboration, bookmarks},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506636,
author = {Jul, Susanne},
title = {A Framework for Locomotional Design: Toward a Generative Design Theory},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506636},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506636},
abstract = {Generative design theories are needed to bridge the gaps between pure scientific knowledge, individual ("point") designs and systematic generation of viable design alternatives. This papers suggests a framework for locomotional design that uses knowledge of navigation and spatial cognition to inform design. Examples of the implications of two such pieces of knowledge are sketched out, suggesting how this framework might lead to a generative design theory.},
booktitle = {CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
pages = {862–863},
numpages = {2},
keywords = {generative design theory, theory-driven design, design framework, informed design, locomotion, design generation, navigation, wayfinding},
location = {Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA},
series = {CHI EA '02}
}

@inproceedings{10.1145/506443.506637,
author = {Nichols, Jeffrey},
title = {Informing Automatic Generation of Remote Control Interfaces with Human Designs},
year = {2002},
isbn = {1581134541},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/506443.506637},
doi = {10.1145/506443.506637},
abstract = {Embedded processors are making it possible for common appliances, such as cable boxes, micorwaves, and fax machines, to provide even more fuctionality. Unfortunately, as these appliances

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