text:
@misc{022AlphaVentus,
  title = {022\_alpha\_ventus\_28\_+.Jpg ({{JPEG Image}}, 3200~\texttimes ~2130 Pixels) \textendash{} {{Scaled}} (40\%)},
  howpublished = {https://www.offshore-stiftung.de/sites/offshorelink.de/files/mediaimages/022\_alpha\_ventus\_28\_\%2B.jpg}
}

@misc{2DHarmonicOscillator,
  title = {{2D Harmonic Oscillator}},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/PY6K3EBW/videos.html},
  language = {de-DE}
}

@misc{4coffshore.comGlobalOffshoreRenewable2021,
  title = {Global {{Offshore Renewable Map}} | {{4C Offshore}}},
  author = {4coffshore.com},
  year = {2021},
  month = jul,
  copyright = {All Rights Reserved.},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/MB6TF47N/offshorewind.html},
  howpublished = {https://www.4coffshore.com/offshorewind/}
}

@article{aceroMethodologyAssessmentAllowable2017,
  title = {Methodology for Assessment of the Allowable Sea States during Installation of an Offshore {{Wind}} Turbine Transition Piece Structure onto a Monopile Foundation},
  author = {Acero, W.G. and Gao, Z. and Moan, T.},
  year = {2017},
  volume = {139},
  doi = {10.1115/1.4037174},
  abstract = {In this paper, a methodology suitable for assessing the allowable sea states for installation of a transition piece (TP) onto a monopile (MP) foundation with focus on the docking operation is proposed. The TP installation procedure together with numerical analyses is used to identify critical and restricting events and their corresponding limiting parameters. For critical installation phases, existing numerical solutions based on frequency and time domain (TD) analyses of stationary processes are combined to quickly assess characteristic values of dynamic responses of limiting parameters for any given sea state. These results are compared against (nonlinear and nonstationary) time domain simulations of the actual docking operations. It is found that a critical event is the structural damage of the TP's bracket supports due to the potential large impact forces or velocities, and a restricting installation event (not critical) is the unsuccessful mating operation due to large horizontal motions of the TP bottom. By comparing characteristic values of dynamic responses with their allowable limits, the allowable sea states are established. Contact-impact problems are addressed in terms of assumed allowable impact velocities of the colliding objects. A possible automatic motion compensation system and human actions are not modeled. This methodology can also be used in connection with other mating operations such as float-over and topside installation. \textcopyright{} 2017 by ASME},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/CAWUVWFZ/acero_et_al_2017_methodology_for_assessment_of_the_allowable_sea_states_during_installation_of.pdf;/home/san/Zotero/storage/Z8GNRMBP/display.html},
  journal = {Journal of Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering},
  keywords = {Allowable Sea States,Critical Events,Limiting Parameters,Mating Operations,Transition Piece Installation},
  number = {6}
}

@article{aceroMethodologyAssessmentAllowable2017a,
  title = {Methodology for {{Assessment}} of the {{Allowable Sea States During Installation}} of an {{Offshore Wind Turbine Transition Piece Structure Onto}} a {{Monopile Foundation}}},
  author = {Acero, Wilson Guachamin and Gao, Zhen and Moan, Torgeir},
  year = {2017},
  month = dec,
  volume = {139},
  pages = {061901},
  issn = {0892-7219, 1528-896X},
  doi = {10.1115/1.4037174},
  abstract = {In this paper, a methodology suitable for assessing the allowable sea states for installation a transition piece (TP) onto a monopile (MP) foundation with focus on the docking operation is proposed. The TP installation procedure together with numerical analyses are used to identify critical and restricting events and their corresponding limiting parameters. For critical installation phases, existing numerical solutions based on frequency and time domain analyses of stationary processes are combined to quickly assess characteristic values of dynamic responses of limiting parameters for any given sea state. These results are compared against (nonlinear and non-stationary) time domain simulations of the actual docking operations. It is found that a critical event is the structural damage of the TP's bracket supports due to the potential large impact forces or velocities, and a restricting installation event (not critical) is the unsuccessful mating operation due to large horizontal motions of the TP bottom. By comparing characteristic values of dynamic responses with their allowable limits, the allowable sea states are established. Contact-impact problems are addressed in terms of assumed allowable impact velocities of the colliding objects. A possible automatic motion compensation system and human actions are not modeled. This methodology can also be used in connection with other mating operations such as float-over and topside installation.},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/73YAN4UF/acero_et_al_2017_methodology_for_assessment_of_the_allowable_sea_states_during_installation_of.pdf},
  journal = {Journal of Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering},
  language = {en},
  number = {6}
}

@article{aceroNumericalStudyNovel2017,
  title = {Numerical {{Study}} of a {{Novel Procedure}} for {{Installing}} the {{Tower}} and {{Rotor Nacelle Assembly}} of {{Offshore Wind Turbines Based}} on the {{Inverted Pendulum Principle}}},
  author = {Acero, Wilson Guachamin and Gao, Zhen and Moan, Torgeir},
  year = {2017},
  month = sep,
  volume = {16},
  pages = {243--260},
  issn = {1671-9433},
  doi = {10.1007/s11804-017-1418-6},
  abstract = {Current installation costs of offshore wind turbines (OWTs) are high and profit margins in the offshore wind energy sector are low, it is thus necessary to develop installation methods that are more efficient and practical. This paper presents a numerical study (based on a global response analysis of marine operations) of a novel procedure for installing the tower and Rotor Nacelle Assemblies (RNAs) on bottom-fixed foundations of OWTs. The installation procedure is based on the inverted pendulum principle. A cargo barge is used to transport the OWT assembly in a horizontal position to the site, and a medium-size Heavy Lift Vessel (HLV) is then employed to lift and up-end the OWT assembly using a special upending frame. The main advantage of this novel procedure is that the need for a huge HLV (in terms of lifting height and capacity) is eliminated. This novel method requires that the cargo barge is in the leeward side of the HLV (which can be positioned with the best heading) during the entire installation. This is to benefit from shielding effects of the HLV on the motions of the cargo barge, so the foundations need to be installed with a specific heading based on wave direction statistics of the site and a typical installation season. Following a systematic approach based on numerical simulations of actual operations, potential critical installation activities, corresponding critical events, and limiting (response) parameters are identified. In addition, operational limits for some of the limiting parameters are established in terms of allowable limits of sea states. Following a preliminary assessment of these operational limits, the duration of the entire operation, the equipment used, and weather-and water depth-sensitivity, this novel procedure is demonstrated to be viable.},
  annotation = {WOS:000414191100001},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/A4TV6TKA/2017_Acero et al_Numerical Study of a Novel Procedure for Installing the Tower and Rotor Nacelle.pdf},
  journal = {Journal of Marine Science and Application},
  keywords = {_tablet,allowable sea   states,crane vessel,critical events,installation,inverted pendulum,limiting parameters,monopile,offshore wind turbine installation,shielding effects},
  language = {English},
  number = {3}
}

@article{ademaDevelopmentSecondorderDynamic2020,
  title = {Development of a Second-Order Dynamic Stall Model},
  author = {Adema, Niels and Kloosterman, Menno and Schepers, Gerard},
  year = {2020},
  month = may,
  volume = {5},
  pages = {577--590},
  issn = {2366-7451},
  doi = {10.5194/wes-5-577-2020},
  abstract = {Dynamic stall phenomena carry the risk of negative damping and instability in wind turbine blades. It is crucial to model these phenomena accurately to reduce inaccuracies in predicting design driving (fatigue and extreme) loads. Some of the inaccuracies in current dynamic stall models may be due to the fact that they are not properly designed for high angles of attack and that they do not specifically describe vortex shedding behaviour. The Snel second-order dynamic stall model attempts to explicitly model unsteady vortex shedding. This model could therefore be a valuable addition to a turbine design software such as Bladed. In this paper the model has been validated with oscillating aerofoil experiments, and improvements have been proposed for reducing inaccuracies. The proposed changes led to an overall reduction in error between the model and experimental data. Furthermore the vibration frequency prediction improved significantly. The improved model has been implemented in Bladed and tested against small-scale turbine experiments at parked conditions. At high angles of attack the model looks promising for reducing mismatches between predicted and measured (fatigue and extreme) loading, leading to possible lower safety factors for design and more cost-efficient designs for future wind turbines.},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/3I5UZYA4/adema_et_al_2020_development_of_a_second-order_dynamic_stall_model.pdf},
  journal = {Wind Energy Science},
  keywords = {_tablet},
  language = {en},
  number = {2}
}

@misc{AeroelasticDivergenceFlutter,
  title = {Aeroelastic Divergence and Flutter {{Critical}} Comments on the Regulations of {{EN}} 1991-1-4 | {{Elsevier Enhanced Reader}}},
  doi = {10.1016/j.jweia.2011.09.007},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/ERFXBRUK/S0167610511001887.html},
  howpublished = {https://reader.elsevier.com/reader/sd/pii/S0167610511001887?token=9EDEDF8C001984182105AABEEDF055449505E93047A79B1C68278881A855BE9025FC657F8576C6F9B757E07A7A9485F5},
  language = {en}
}

@misc{agWieWindenergieLand,
  title = {{Wie die Windenergie an Land wieder durchstarten kann}},
  author = {AG, NATURSTROM},
  abstract = {H\"ohere Ausschreibungsmengen, mehr Fl\"achen und ein verl\"asslicheres Genehmigungsrecht: Mit diesen Forderungen will Agora Energiewende der Windenergie an Land zum Neustart verhelfen. Der Entwurf des EEG 2021 bremst den Ausbau, anstatt ihn anzukurbeln.},
  howpublished = {https://www.energiezukunft.eu/erneuerbare-energien/wind/wie-die-windkraft-wieder-durchstarten-kann/},
  language = {de}
}

@article{ahnComparativeEvaluationDifferent2016,
  title = {Comparative Evaluation of Different Offshore Wind Turbine Installation Vessels for {{Korean}} West\textendash South Wind Farm},
  author = {Ahn, Dang and Shin, Sungchul and Kim, Soo-young and Kharoufi, Hicham and Kim, Hyun-cheol},
  year = {2016},
  month = aug,
  volume = {9},
  doi = {10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2016.07.004},
  abstract = {The purpose of this study is to evaluate various means of wind power turbines installation in the Korean west\textendash south wind farm (Test bed 100 MW, Demonstrate site 400 MW). We presented the marine environment of the southwest offshore wind farm in order to decide the appropriate installation vessel to be used in this site. The various vessels would be WTIV (Wind turbine installation vessel), jack-up barge, or floating crane \ldots{} etc. We analyzed the installation cost of offshore wind turbine and the transportation duration for each vessel. The analysis results showed the most suitable installation means for offshore wind turbine in the Korean west\textendash south wind farm.},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/M8IBAZEB/ahn_et_al_2016_comparative_evaluation_of_different_offshore_wind_turbine_installation_vessels.pdf},
  journal = {International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering},
  keywords = {_tablet}
}

@article{ahnComparativeEvaluationDifferent2017,
  title = {Comparative Evaluation of Different Offshore Wind Turbine Installation Vessels for {{Korean}} West-South Wind Farm},
  author = {Ahn, Dang and Shin, Sung-Chul and Kim, Soo-young and Kharoufi, Hicham and Kim, Hyun-cheol},
  year = {2017},
  month = jan,
  volume = {9},
  pages = {45--54},
  issn = {2092-6782},
  doi = {10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2016.07.004},
  abstract = {The purpose of this study is to evaluate various means of wind power turbines installation in the Korean west south wind farm (Test bed 100 MW, Demonstrate site 400 MW). We presented the marine environment of the southwest offshore wind farm in order to decide the appropriate installation vessel to be used in this site. The various vessels would be WTIV (Wind turbine installation vessel), jack-up barge, or floating crane... etc. We analyzed the installation cost of offshore wind turbine and the transportation duration for each vessel. The analysis results showed the most suitable installation means for offshore wind turbine in the Korean west south wind farm. Copyright (C) 2016 Society of Naval Architects of Korea. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V.},
  annotation = {WOS:000393150000005},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/8IFJ9XPI/2017_Ahn et al_Comparative evaluation of different offshore wind turbine installation vessels.pdf},
  journal = {International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering},
  keywords = {_tablet,Installation   cost,Jack-up barge,Offshore wind turbine installation,West-south wind farm,wtiv},
  language = {English},
  number = {1}
}

@article{akhtarAcceleratingDeploymentOffshore2021,
  title = {Accelerating Deployment of Offshore Wind Energy Alter Wind Climate and Reduce Future Power Generation Potentials},
  author = {Akhtar, Naveed and Geyer, Beate and Rockel, Burkhardt and Sommer, Philipp S. and Schrum, Corinna},
  year = {2021},
  month = jun,
  volume = {11},
  pages = {11826},
  publisher = {{Nature Publishing Group}},
  issn = {2045-2322},
  doi = {10.1038/s41598-021-91283-3},
  abstract = {The European Union has set ambitious CO2 reduction targets, stimulating renewable energy production and accelerating deployment of offshore wind energy in northern European waters, mainly the North Sea. With increasing size and clustering, offshore wind farms (OWFs) wake effects, which alter wind conditions and decrease the power generation efficiency of wind farms downwind become more important. We use a high-resolution regional climate model with implemented wind farm parameterizations to explore offshore wind energy production limits in the North Sea. We simulate near future wind farm scenarios considering existing and planned OWFs in the North Sea and assess power generation losses and wind variations due to wind farm wake. The annual mean wind speed deficit within a wind farm can reach 2\textendash 2.5~ms-1 depending on the wind farm geometry. The mean deficit, which decreases with distance, can extend 35\textendash 40~km downwind during prevailing southwesterly winds. Wind speed deficits are highest during spring (mainly March\textendash April) and lowest during November\textendash December. The large-size of wind farms and their proximity affect not only the performance of its downwind turbines but also that of neighboring downwind farms, reducing the capacity factor by 20\% or more, which increases energy production costs and economic losses. We conclude that wind energy can be a limited resource in the North Sea. The limits and potentials for optimization need to be considered in climate mitigation strategies and cross-national optimization of offshore energy production plans are inevitable.},
  copyright = {2021 The Author(s)},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/R7Y4M22K/akhtar_et_al_2021_accelerating_deployment_of_offshore_wind_energy_alter_wind_climate_and_reduce.pdf;/home/san/Zotero/storage/VDF2FAWP/s41598-021-91283-3.html},
  journal = {Scientific Reports},
  language = {en},
  number = {1}
}

@article{al-jamalVortexInducedVibrations2004,
  title = {Vortex Induced Vibrations Using {{Large Eddy Simulation}} at a Moderate {{Reynolds}} Number},
  author = {{Al-Jamal}, H. and Dalton, C.},
  year = {2004},
  month = jan,
  volume = {19},
  pages = {73--92},
  issn = {0889-9746},
  doi = {10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2003.10.005},
  abstract = {This paper presents the results of a computational study on the vortex-induced vibration of a circular cylinder. We have performed a 2-D LES study of the VIV response of a circular cylinder at a Reynolds number of 8000 with a range of damping ratios and natural frequencies. A combined Dirichlet\textendash Neumann outflow boundary condition was used to allow the wake vortices to pass through the outflow boundary, undisturbed by the boundary. In spite of the shortcomings of a 2-D representation, the results show the expected vibratory response of the cylinder for 0.555},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/4LH863K5/al-jamal_dalton_2004_vortex_induced_vibrations_using_large_eddy_simulation_at_a_moderate_reynolds.pdf;/home/san/Zotero/storage/6HBKYS6M/al-jamal_dalton_2004_vortex_induced_vibrations_using_large_eddy_simulation_at_a_moderate_reynolds.pdf;/home/san/Zotero/storage/2V8AKRZM/S0889974603001786.html;/home/san/Zotero/storage/W8BTL4XZ/S0889974603001786.html},
  journal = {Journal of Fluids and Structures},
  keywords = {_tablet},
  number = {1}
}

@article{al-mdallalForcedStreamwiseOscillations2007a,
  title = {Forced Streamwise Oscillations of a Circular Cylinder: {{Locked}}-on Modes and Resulting Fluid Forces},
  shorttitle = {Forced Streamwise Oscillations of a Circular Cylinder},
  author = {{Al-Mdallal}, Q. M. and Lawrence, K. P. and Kocabiyik, S.},
  year = {2007},
  month = jul,
  volume = {23},
  pages = {681--701},
  issn = {0889-9746},
  doi = {10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2006.11.001},
  abstract = {A computational study of laminar, incompressible flow past a cylinder oscillating in the streamwise direction is performed using the two-dimensional unsteady Navier\textendash Stokes equations in nonprimitive variables. The method of solution is based on a conjugating Fourier spectral analysis with finite-difference approximations. The numerical simulations are conducted at a fixed Reynolds number, R=200, and at displacement amplitude-to-cylinder diameter of A=0.1 and 0.3. Results show the existence of symmetric/asymmetric modes of vortex formation in the cylinder wake at different values of unsteady loading on the cylinder, which is characterized by the ratio of oscillation frequency, f, to K\'arm\'an vortex-shedding frequency, f0. For this paper, the frequency ratio is chosen from f/f0=0.5 to 3, where switching from asymmetric to symmetric vortex shedding is observed. The relation between these vortex-shedding modes and fluid forces on the cylinder surface is discussed. An analysis of the locked-on modes via Lissajous patterns of unsteady lift coefficient is also included. Previously computed and observed flow fields as well as fluid forces are compared to current numerical results and agreement is found to be excellent.},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/F7E5QHC8/al-mdallal_et_al_2007_forced_streamwise_oscillations_of_a_circular_cylinder.pdf;/home/san/Zotero/storage/U8FUBHFM/S088997460600137X.html},
  journal = {Journal of Fluids and Structures},
  keywords = {_tablet,Fluid forces,Forced streamwise oscillation,Incompressible,Lock-on,Unsteady,Viscous,Vortex formation},
  language = {en},
  number = {5}
}

@article{albaniFeasibilityStudyOffshore2014,
  title = {The Feasibility Study of Offshore Wind Energy Potential in {{Kijal}}, {{Malaysia}}: The New Alternative Energy Source Exploration in {{Malaysia}}},
  shorttitle = {The Feasibility Study of Offshore Wind Energy Potential in {{Kijal}}, {{Malaysia}}},
  author = {Albani, A. and Ibrahim, M. Z. and Yong, K. H.},
  year = {2014},
  volume = {32},
  pages = {329--344},
  issn = {0144-5987},
  doi = {10.1260/0144-5987.32.2.329},
  abstract = {Nowadays, many countries have been endeavoring to explore and exploit the offshore wind energy in terms of solving the problem of limitations of onshore wind energy. Wind energy is one of potential alternative for generating electricity in Malaysia. The offshore wind speed is better compared to onshore, so there is more potential contribution by offshore wind power in terms of electricity generation. This paper provides a summary of the offshore wind resources of the Kijal, Malaysia by analyzing the QuikSCAT satellite data which is available and can be downloaded from the WindPRO application. Based on these datasets, wind resources are assessed, and economical efficiency is evaluated by means of the expected capacity factor. Research was conducted using WindPRO and WAsP software to assess the potential of wind energy along the South China Sea in Kijal, Terengganu. Seven models of the wind turbines with different rated power; 110kW, 225kW, 275kW, 600kW, 850kW, 1000kW and 1250kW are taken for energy and economic feasibility analyses. The wind turbine with rated power 850 kW was indicated as the best wind turbine for installation in Kijal based on its best capacity factor, 26.8\% In economical aspect, Malaysia does not have Feed in Tariff (FiT) rates for offshore wind projects, thus the range of predicted FiT rates, RM 0.30 to RM 2.00 were tested by using Net Present Value (NPV) and Payback Period (PBP) calculation. Finally, the conducive FiT rates for wind projects with secured investment were identified and the rates were in range RM 0.80 to RM 1.38. The overall results suggest that the wind energy has a bright future for use as an alternative source for generating electricity in Kijal, Malaysia.},
  annotation = {WOS:000332496100005},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/X8G3MJAV/2014_Albani et al_The feasibility study of offshore wind energy potential in Kijal, Malaysia.pdf},
  journal = {Energy Exploration \& Exploitation},
  keywords = {_tablet,Kijal,Malaysia,Micrositing,Offshore,pollution,Wind energy},
  language = {English},
  number = {2}
}

@article{alexanderComplexVibrationsImplied1981,
  title = {The Complex Vibrations and Implied Drag of a Long Oceanographic Wire in Cross-Flow},
  author = {Alexander, C. M.},
  year = {1981},
  month = jan,
  volume = {8},
  pages = {379--406},
  issn = {0029-8018},
  doi = {10.1016/0029-8018(81)90033-0},
  abstract = {A cylinder in cross-flow experiences periodic forcing related to the shedding of vortices in its wake. Long wires in the ocean vibrate in response to this forcing, but their length and damping is such that boundary conditions do not generally apply to solutions of the equations of motion and their vibratory behavior at one point is of little consequence at remote points. The bulk of previous studies of vibrating wire characteristics have utilized only short wires or cylinders in the laboratory, so have not considered or even permitted this phenomenon. During a typical deployment of the Scripps Deep-Tow survey system to 2800 m a small 2-axis accelerometer package was attached to the tow wire at a depth of 30 m and its output recorded in a diver-operated vehicle about 1 m downstream. Analysis of this data produced sharply peaked spectra with the frequencies of vibration in the direction of flow twice those across the flow. Good correlations were found between mean amplitudes across the flow and the corresponding peak frequencies, and between mean amplitudes across and aligned with the flow. Preference for a specific phase relation between motions in the two planes suggests that vortex shedding occurs progressively and forcing has the form of a complex wave travelling down the wire. To investigate the implications of the preceding, a tow-tank fixture was built which permitted reproduction of amplitude, frequency and phase relations in a cylinder representing a point on the wire. A series of runs were then made to measure drag force directly and obtain an empirical drag law. A constant drag coefficient of 1.8 was found in the Reynolds number range 7000\textendash 12000, contrary to other investigations that have ignored vibrations in the flow direction.},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/78DEPZB3/0029801881900330.html},
  journal = {Ocean Engineering},
  language = {en},
  number = {4}
}

@article{alinaghihosseinabadiFixedTimeAdaptiveRobust2021,
  title = {Fixed-{{Time Adaptive Robust Synchronization}} with a {{State Observer}} of {{Chaotic Support Structures}} for {{Offshore Wind Turbines}}},
  author = {Alinaghi Hosseinabadi, Pooyan and Soltani Sharif Abadi, Ali and Mekhilef, Saad and Pota, Hemanshu Roy},
  year = {2021},
  month = apr,
  issn = {2195-3880, 2195-3899},
  doi = {10.1007/s40313-021-00707-y},
  abstract = {The chaotic support structures for offshore wind turbines are often subjected to a severe environment. A robust control scheme needs to be considered to maintain them in a safe operational limit. Robust sliding mode control (SMC) scheme can provide an excellent robust controller against this severe and challenging environment for these chaotic structures. This paper proposes a novel fixed-time adaptive sliding mode control scheme with a state observer to synchronize chaotic support structures for offshore wind turbines in the presence of matched parametric uncertainties. The proposed controller is a new integration of adaptive control concept, SMC method, fixed-time stability concept and a state observer. A fixed-time stability concept is used to provide stability for the system within a presented time regardless of initial conditions. The adaptive concept is utilized to provide an online estimator of the uncertain upper bound. Also, a nonlinear observer is employed to provide an online estimator of an unmeasured state in the controller. Lyapunov stability theorem is used to analyze fixedtime stability of the system based on SMC methodology. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed controller is able to ensure fixed-time synchronization along with providing precise means to estimate the unmeasured state as well as uncertainty upper bound.},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/ZPBSY8C8/Alinaghi Hosseinabadi et al. - 2021 - Fixed-Time Adaptive Robust Synchronization with a .pdf},
  journal = {Journal of Control, Automation and Electrical Systems},
  keywords = {_tablet},
  language = {en}
}

@inproceedings{allenPrototypeVortexInducedVibration2001,
  title = {Prototype {{Vortex}}-{{Induced Vibration Tests}} for {{Production Risers}}},
  booktitle = {Offshore {{Technology Conference}}},
  author = {Allen, D. W. Don and Henning, D. L.},
  year = {2001},
  month = jan,
  publisher = {{Offshore Technology Conference}},
  doi = {10.4043/13114-MS},
  abstract = {Abstract A set of experiments has been conducted, in water, on long circular cylinders at sub-critical and critical Reynolds numbers typical of production risers in the Gulf of Mexico (ranging from about 1.5x10 5 to 3.4x10 5 ) experiencing currents.},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/4SGVRRBU/OTC-13114-MS.html},
  isbn = {978-1-55563-248-9},
  language = {english}
}

@inproceedings{allenVortexInducedVibrationAnalysis1995,
  title = {Vortex-{{Induced Vibration Analysis}} of the {{Auger TLP Production}} and {{Steel Catenary Export Risers}}},
  booktitle = {Offshore {{Technology Conference}}},
  author = {Allen, D. W.},
  year = {1995},
  month = jan,
  publisher = {{Offshore Technology Conference}},
  doi = {10.4043/7821-MS},
  abstract = {ABSTRACT This paper describes the methodology used to analyze the Auger TLP production and steel catenary export risers for vortex induced vibrations. Presented are: 1) a discussion of the development of testing facilities for deepwater riser vortex},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/F4KD994I/OTC-7821-MS.html;/home/san/Zotero/storage/JIKH2ZD3/OTC-7821-MS.html},
  isbn = {978-1-61399-090-2},
  language = {english}
}

@article{alvesSmartLoadManagement2019,
  title = {Smart {{Load Management}} with {{Energy Storage}} for {{Power Quality Enhancement}} in {{Wind}}-{{Powered Oil}} and {{Gas Applications}}},
  author = {Alves, Erick and Sanchez, Santiago and Brandao, Danilo and Tedeschi, Elisabetta},
  year = {2019},
  month = aug,
  volume = {12},
  pages = {2985},
  doi = {10.3390/en12152985},
  abstract = {This paper investigates power quality issues in a wind-powered offshore oil and gas platform operating in island mode. Topics of interest are the negative effects that load and wind power variability have on the electrical system frequency and voltage; and how those influence the gas turbine operation. The authors discuss how smart load management together with energy storage can mitigate those effects, and propose a control algorithm for that. Simulations in MATLAB/Simulink demonstrate that the proposed energy storage controller reduces frequency and voltage variations in a case study. Moreover, the paper presents a methodology to derive a simplified model of the hybrid energy system that reduces simulation time in at least two orders of magnitude. The latter can be a useful tool for optimization algorithms evaluating a huge number of scenarios, especially those dealing with economical dispatch of generators or sizing of energy storage systems.},
  annotation = {WOS:000482174800144},
  journal = {Energies},
  keywords = {control strategies,energy management,energy storage,hybrid energy systems,installations,load management,oil and gas platforms,optimization,platforms,power quality,smart grids,system},
  language = {English},
  number = {15}
}

@article{AnalyticSignal2020,
  title = {Analytic Signal},
  year = {2020},
  month = dec,
  abstract = {In mathematics and signal processing, an analytic signal is a complex-valued function that has no negative frequency components.  The real and imaginary parts of an analytic signal are real-valued functions related to each other by the Hilbert transform. The analytic representation of a real-valued function is an analytic signal, comprising the original function and its Hilbert transform.  This representation facilitates many mathematical manipulations. The basic idea is that the negative frequency components of the Fourier transform (or spectrum) of a real-valued function are superfluous, due to the Hermitian symmetry of such a spectrum. These negative frequency components can be discarded with no loss of information, provided one is willing to deal with a complex-valued function instead. That makes certain attributes of the function more accessible and facilitates the derivation of modulation and demodulation techniques, such as single-sideband.  As long as the manipulated function has no negative frequency components (that is, it is still analytic), the conversion from complex back to real is just a matter of discarding the imaginary part. The analytic representation is a generalization of the phasor concept: while the phasor is restricted to time-invariant amplitude, phase, and frequency, the analytic signal allows for time-variable parameters.},
  annotation = {Page Version ID: 992723651},
  copyright = {Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/39MNC4GA/index.html},
  journal = {Wikipedia},
  language = {en}
}

@book{andersonWindTurbinesTheory2020b,
  title = {Wind {{Turbines}}: {{Theory}} and {{Practice}}},
  shorttitle = {Wind {{Turbines}}},
  author = {Anderson, Colin},
  year = {2020},
  month = feb,
  edition = {First},
  publisher = {{Cambridge University Press}},
  doi = {10.1017/9781108478328},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/9KS34D7P/anderson_2020_wind_turbines.pdf},
  isbn = {978-1-108-77746-9 978-1-108-47832-8},
  keywords = {_tablet},
  language = {en}
}

@incollection{AnswersExercises2011,
  title = {Answers to {{Exercises}}},
  booktitle = {International {{Geophysics}}},
  year = {2011},
  volume = {100},
  pages = {627--634},
  publisher = {{Elsevier}},
  doi = {10.1016/B978-0-12-385022-5.00025-7},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/5E2RY6VB/2011 - Answers to Exercises.pdf},
  isbn = {978-0-12-385022-5},
  keywords = {_tablet},
  language = {en}
}

@book{apteSignalsSystemsPrinciples2016,
  title = {Signals and {{Systems}}: {{Principles}} and {{Applications}}},
  shorttitle = {Signals and {{Systems}}},
  author = {Apte, Shaila Dinkar},
  year = {2016},
  publisher = {{Cambridge University Press}},
  address = {{Cambridge}},
  doi = {10.1017/CBO9781316536483},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/KLSBD365/Apte - 2016 - Signals and Systems Principles and Applications.pdf},
  isbn = {978-1-316-53648-3},
  keywords = {_tablet},
  language = {en}
}

@book{apteSignalsSystemsPrinciples2016a,
  ids = {apteSignalsSystemsPrinciples2016},
  title = {Signals and {{Systems}}: {{Principles}} and {{Applications}}},
  shorttitle = {Signals and {{Systems}}},
  author = {Apte, Shaila Dinkar},
  year = {2016},
  publisher = {{Cambridge University Press}},
  address = {{Cambridge}},
  doi = {10.1017/CBO9781316536483},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/6FDRUV4Y/apte_2016_signals_and_systems.pdf;/home/san/Zotero/storage/AC2HSUTR/apte_2016_signals_and_systems.pdf},
  isbn = {978-1-316-53648-3},
  keywords = {_tablet},
  language = {en}
}

@article{asayeshRandomDecrementTechnique2009,
  title = {A Random Decrement Technique for Operational Modal Analysis in the Presence of Periodic Excitations},
  author = {Asayesh, M and Khodabandeloo, B and Siami, A},
  year = {2009},
  month = jul,
  volume = {223},
  pages = {1525--1534},
  issn = {0954-4062, 2041-2983},
  doi = {10.1243/09544062JMES1392},
  abstract = {Operational modal analysis (OMA) is a procedure that allows the identification of the modal parameters of a structure using measured responses to unknown excitation. OMA techniques are based on the assumption that the input to the structure is stationary white noise. One of the OMA techniques, which is based on the assumption of a zero mean Gaussian white noise excitation, is the random decrement (RD) technique. In many practical cases, however, periodic excitation is often present in addition to the white noise. In this study, a method based on the concept of RD transformation is proposed to extract the response of a structure to the random input from the measured response that is due to both random and periodic excitations. Applying the RD method to the extracted random response, RD signatures were estimated. Modal parameters were estimated from RD signatures using the Ibrahim time domain algorithm. It is assumed that the period of the periodic excitation is known a priori. To verify the applicability of the method, a numerical simulation of a discrete two-degrees-of-freedom (DOF) dynamic system with a viscous damping is carried out. The results of this method were also compared with the results obtained from the enhanced frequency domain decomposition method. The efficiency of the proposed method, in the cases where the frequencies of harmonic components of periodic excitation are located at the natural frequencies of the system, is also evaluated.},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/BCCSABRS/asayesh_et_al_2009_a_random_decrement_technique_for_operational_modal_analysis_in_the_presence_of.pdf},
  journal = {Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science},
  keywords = {_tablet},
  language = {en},
  number = {7}
}

@article{asayeshRandomDecrementTechnique2009a,
  title = {A Random Decrement Technique for Operational Modal Analysis in the Presence of Periodic Excitations},
  author = {Asayesh, M and Khodabandeloo, B and Siami, A},
  year = {2009},
  month = jul,
  volume = {223},
  pages = {1525--1534},
  issn = {0954-4062, 2041-2983},
  doi = {10.1243/09544062JMES1392},
  abstract = {Operational modal analysis (OMA) is a procedure that allows the identification of the modal parameters of a structure using measured responses to unknown excitation. OMA techniques are based on the assumption that the input to the structure is stationary white noise. One of the OMA techniques, which is based on the assumption of a zero mean Gaussian white noise excitation, is the random decrement (RD) technique. In many practical cases, however, periodic excitation is often present in addition to the white noise. In this study, a method based on the concept of RD transformation is proposed to extract the response of a structure to the random input from the measured response that is due to both random and periodic excitations. Applying the RD method to the extracted random response, RD signatures were estimated. Modal parameters were estimated from RD signatures using the Ibrahim time domain algorithm. It is assumed that the period of the periodic excitation is known a priori. To verify the applicability of the method, a numerical simulation of a discrete two-degrees-of-freedom (DOF) dynamic system with a viscous damping is carried out. The results of this method were also compared with the results obtained from the enhanced frequency domain decomposition method. The efficiency of the proposed method, in the cases where the frequencies of harmonic components of periodic excitation are located at the natural frequencies of the system, is also evaluated.},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/WVP645XD/Asayesh et al. - 2009 - A random decrement technique for operational modal.pdf},
  journal = {Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science},
  keywords = {_tablet},
  language = {en},
  number = {7}
}

@inproceedings{assiExperimentalInvestigationFlowInduced2005,
  title = {Experimental {{Investigation}} of {{Flow}}-{{Induced Vibrations Interference Between Two Circular Cylinders}} in {{Tandem Arrangements}}},
  booktitle = {24th {{International Conference}} on {{Offshore Mechanics}} and {{Arctic Engineering}}: {{Volume}} 1, {{Parts A}} and {{B}}},
  author = {{\'A}ssi, Gustavo R. S. and Meneghini, Julio R. and Aranha, Jos{\'e} A. P. and Bearman, Peter W. and Carmo, Bruno S. and Casaprima, Enrique},
  year = {2005},
  pages = {273--277},
  publisher = {{ASME}},
  address = {{Halkidiki, Greece}},
  doi = {10.1115/OMAE2005-67121},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/6QGDT4W4/2005_Ássi et al_Experimental Investigation of Flow-Induced Vibrations Interference Between Two.pdf},
  isbn = {978-0-7918-4195-2},
  keywords = {_tablet},
  language = {en}
}

@article{avendano-valenciaVirtualFatigueDiagnostics2021,
  title = {Virtual Fatigue Diagnostics of Wake-Affected Wind Turbine via {{Gaussian Process Regression}}},
  author = {{Avenda{\~n}o-Valencia}, Luis David and Abdallah, Imad and Chatzi, Eleni},
  year = {2021},
  month = jun,
  volume = {170},
  pages = {539--561},
  issn = {09601481},
  doi = {10.1016/j.renene.2021.02.003},
  abstract = {We propose a data-driven model to predict the short-term fatigue Damage Equivalent Loads (DEL) on a wake-affected wind turbine based on wind field inflow sensors and/or loads sensors deployed on an adjacent up-wind wind turbine. Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) with Bayesian hyperparameters calibration is proposed to obtain a surrogate from input random variables to output DELs in the blades and towers of the up-wind and wake-affected wind turbines. A sensitivity analysis based on the hyperparameters of the GPR and Kullback-Leibler divergence is conducted to assess the effect of different input on the obtained DELs. We provide qualitative recommendations for a Journal Pre-proof minimal set of necessary and sufficient input random variables to minimize the error in the DEL predictions on the wake-affected wind turbine. Extensive simulations are performed comprising different random variables, including wind speed, turbulence intensity, shear exponent and inflow horizontal skewness. Furthermore, we include random variables related to the blades lift and drag coefficients with direct impact on the rotor aerodynamic induction, which governs the evolution and transport of the meandering wake. In addition, different spacing between the wind turbines and W\"ohler exponents for calculation of DELs are considered. The maximum prediction normalized mean squared error, obtained in the tower base DELs in the fore-aft direction of the wake affected wind turbine, is less than 4\%. In the case of the blade root DELs, the overall prediction error is less than 1\%. The proposed scheme promotes utilization of sparse structural monitoring (loads) measurements for improving diagnostics on wake-affected turbines.},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/VK4QYPND/Avendaño-Valencia et al. - 2021 - Virtual fatigue diagnostics of wake-affected wind .pdf},
  journal = {Renewable Energy},
  keywords = {_tablet},
  language = {en}
}

@misc{AvreperrichtungsternOriginalJpg,
  title = {Av-Rep-Errichtung-Stern\_original.Jpg ({{JPEG Image}}, 4256~\texttimes ~2832 Pixels) \textendash{} {{Scaled}} (47\%)},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/SE823SJV/Av-rep-errichtung-stern_original.html},
  howpublished = {https://www.offshore-stiftung.de/sites/offshorelink.de/files/mediaimages/Av-rep-errichtung-stern\_original.jpg}
}

@misc{AvreperrichtungsternOriginalJpga,
  title = {Av-Rep-Errichtung-Stern\_original.Jpg ({{JPEG Image}}, 4256~\texttimes ~2832 Pixels) \textendash{} {{Scaled}} (30\%)},
  howpublished = {https://www.offshore-stiftung.de/sites/offshorelink.de/files/mediaimages/Av-rep-errichtung-stern\_original.jpg}
}

@article{awrejcewiczChaoticDynamicsFlexible2013,
  title = {Chaotic Dynamics of Flexible {{Euler}}-{{Bernoulli}} Beams},
  author = {Awrejcewicz, J. and Krysko, A. V. and Kutepov, I. E. and Zagniboroda, N. A. and Dobriyan, V. and Krysko, V. A.},
  year = {2013},
  month = dec,
  volume = {23},
  pages = {043130},
  issn = {1054-1500, 1089-7682},
  doi = {10.1063/1.4838955},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/2CXF7MWV/Awrejcewicz et al. - 2013 - Chaotic dynamics of flexible Euler-Bernoulli beams.pdf},
  journal = {Chaos: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science},
  keywords = {_tablet},
  language = {en},
  number = {4}
}

@article{bachynskiDynamicResponseMonopile2019,
  title = {Dynamic Response of a Monopile Wind Turbine in Waves: {{Experimental}} Uncertainty Analysis for Validation of Numerical Tools},
  shorttitle = {Dynamic Response of a Monopile Wind Turbine in Waves},
  author = {Bachynski, Erin and Thys, Maxime and Delhaye, Virgile},
  year = {2019},
  month = aug,
  volume = {89},
  pages = {96--114},
  issn = {01411187},
  doi = {10.1016/j.apor.2019.05.002},
  abstract = {The responses of a monopile offshore wind turbine subjected to irregular wave loads are investigated numerically and experimentally, considering a range of sea states. An extensive experimental campaign was carried out on a fully flexible model, representative of a 5 MW offshore wind turbine, at 1:40 scale. An assessment of the experimental results for the response amplitude operator for regular waves and the 90th percentile seabed bending moment in long-crested irregular waves is carried out using two models (analytical and numerical) for uncertainty propagation, suggesting that bias errors in the model properties and in the wave elevation contribute the most to the total uncertainty. The experimental results are also compared to a numerical model using beam elements and Morison-type wave loads with second order wave kinematics. The numerical model does not capture all of the responses within the level of uncertainty of the experiments, and possible reasons for the discrepancies are discussed.},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/C9K9Y423/bachynski_et_al_2019_dynamic_response_of_a_monopile_wind_turbine_in_waves.pdf},
  journal = {Applied Ocean Research},
  keywords = {_tablet},
  language = {en}
}

@book{backeStrategicOptimizationOffshore2017,
  title = {Strategic {{Optimization}} of {{Offshore Wind Farm Installation}}},
  author = {Backe, Stian and Haugland, Dag},
  year = {2017},
  month = sep,
  pages = {299},
  doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-68496-3_19},
  abstract = {This work describes logistical planning of offshore wind farm (OWF) installation through linear programming. A mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model is developed to analyze cost-effective port and vessel strategies for offshore installation operations. The model seeks to minimize total costs through strategic decisions, that is decisions on port and vessel fleet and mix. Different vessels, ports and weather restrictions over a fixed time horizon are considered in the model. Several deterministic test cases with historic weather data are implemented in AMPL, and run with the CPLEX solver. The results provide valuable insight into economic impact of strategic decisions. Numerical experiments on instances indicate that decision aid could be more reliable if large OWFs are considered in fractionated parts, alternatively by developing heuristics.},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/RN2AD65H/backe_haugland_2017_strategic_optimization_of_offshore_wind_farm_installation.pdf},
  isbn = {978-3-319-68495-6},
  keywords = {_tablet}
}

@article{baranyiNumericalSimulationFlow2008,
  title = {Numerical Simulation of Flow around an Orbiting Cylinder at Different Ellipticity Values},
  author = {Baranyi, L.},
  year = {2008},
  month = aug,
  volume = {24},
  pages = {883--906},
  issn = {0889-9746},
  doi = {10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2007.12.006},
  abstract = {This paper deals with the numerical simulation of low Reynolds number flow (Re=120\textendash 180) past a circular cylinder in orbital motion. The Navier\textendash Stokes equations, pressure Poisson equations and continuity are written in primitive variables in a noninertial system fixed to the orbiting cylinder and solved by the finite difference method. Ellipticity values between 0 and 1.2 (from pure in-line oscillation through a full circle and beyond) were investigated. Sudden changes in state (jumps) are found when time-mean or root-mean-square values of force coefficients or energy transfer are plotted against ellipticity. Pre- and post-jump analysis was carried out by investigating limit cycles, time-histories, phase angles and flow patterns. These investigations revealed that ellipticity can have a large effect on the energy transfer between the incompressible fluid and a circular cylinder forced to follow an orbital path, and that small changes in the amplitude of transverse motion can have a dramatic effect. The phase angle was altered by about 180\textdegree{} at the jumps. Also investigated were the direction of orbit, which affects the state curves belonging to the time-mean values of lift only, and the effect of initial conditions, which alters the location of jumps without changing the state curves.},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/W7NUPSCB/baranyi_2008_numerical_simulation_of_flow_around_an_orbiting_cylinder_at_different.pdf;/home/san/Zotero/storage/2FZP57D9/S0889974607001181.html},
  journal = {Journal of Fluids and Structures},
  keywords = {_tablet,Energy transfer,Limit cycle curves,Low Reynolds number,Navier–Stokes,Orbiting cylinder,Phase angle},
  language = {en},
  number = {6}
}

@article{barkleyLinearAnalysisCylinder2006,
  title = {Linear Analysis of the Cylinder Wake Mean Flow},
  author = {Barkley, D.},
  year = {2006},
  month = jul,
  volume = {75},
  pages = {750},
  issn = {0295-5075},
  doi = {10.1209/epl/i2006-10168-7},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/H7JIJG87/barkley_2006_linear_analysis_of_the_cylinder_wake_mean_flow.pdf;/home/san/Zotero/storage/ZUL8WHX3/meta.html},
  journal = {EPL (Europhysics Letters)},
  keywords = {_tablet},
  language = {en},
  number = {5}
}

@book{barltropDynamicsFixedMarine1991,
  title = {Dynamics of Fixed Marine Structures},
  author = {Barltrop, N. D. P. and Adams, A. J. and Hallam, M. G.},
  year = {1991},
  edition = {3rd ed},
  publisher = {{Butterworth-Heinemann ; Marine Technology Directorate}},
  address = {{Oxford : London}},
  collaborator = {Marine Technology Directorate Limited},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/NV5B6HU9/Barltrop et al. - 1991 - Dynamics of fixed marine structures.pdf},
  isbn = {978-0-7506-1046-9},
  keywords = {Hydrodynamics,Offshore structures},
  language = {en},
  lccn = {TC1650 .B37 1991},
  number = {91/102},
  series = {{{MTD Ltd}}. Publication}
}

@article{basseTurbulenceIntensityScaling2019a,
  title = {Turbulence {{Intensity Scaling}}: {{A Fugue}}},
  shorttitle = {Turbulence {{Intensity Scaling}}},
  author = {Basse, Nils T.},
  year = {2019},
  month = oct,
  volume = {4},
  pages = {180},
  issn = {2311-5521},
  doi = {10.3390/fluids4040180},
  abstract = {We study streamwise turbulence intensity definitions using smooth- and rough-wall pipe flow measurements made in the Princeton Superpipe. Scaling of turbulence intensity with the bulk (and friction) Reynolds number is provided for the definitions. The turbulence intensity scales with the friction factor for both smooth- and rough-wall pipe flow. Turbulence intensity definitions providing the best description of the measurements are identified. A procedure to calculate the turbulence intensity based on the bulk Reynolds number (and the sand-grain roughness for rough-wall pipe flow) is outlined.},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/GNGVBEKL/Basse - 2019 - Turbulence Intensity Scaling A Fugue.pdf},
  journal = {Fluids},
  keywords = {_tablet},
  language = {en},
  number = {4}
}

@article{bastankhahMultirotorWindTurbine2019,
  title = {Multirotor Wind Turbine Wakes},
  author = {Bastankhah, Majid and Abkar, Mahdi},
  year = {2019},
  month = aug,
  volume = {31},
  pages = {085106},
  issn = {1070-6631, 1089-7666},
  doi = {10.1063/1.5097285},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/YZ553UAZ/bastankhah_abkar_2019_multirotor_wind_turbine_wakes.pdf},
  journal = {Physics of Fluids},
  keywords = {_tablet},
  language = {en},
  number = {8}
}

@article{basuVibrationControlWind2020,
  title = {Vibration Control of Wind Turbines: Recent Advances and Emerging Trends},
  shorttitle = {Vibration Control of Wind Turbines},
  author = {Basu, Biswajit and Fitzgerald, Breiffni},
  year = {2020},
  volume = {4},
  pages = {347},
  issn = {2043-8621, 2043-863X},
  doi = {10.1504/IJSMSS.2020.10031284},
  abstract = {The wind energy sector globally is expanding and developing technically at a rapid pace. Demand for renewable energy is soaring and there is a need for increasing the efficiency and design life of wind turbine structures. The concept of using approaches and techniques developed in the field of structural control for control of wind turbine vibrations is extremely attractive and topical at present. We review the contributions of work on vibration control of wind turbines. We provide an overview on the recent literature focussing on theoretical and experimental work. Passive, semi-active and active control schemes are discussed. The development of bespoke auxiliary damping systems is also discussed as are novel turbine control algorithms utilising existing pitch/generator torque/yaw control hardware.},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/557BKEQL/basu_fitzgerald_2020_vibration_control_of_wind_turbines.pdf},
  journal = {International Journal of Sustainable Materials and Structural Systems},
  keywords = {_tablet},
  language = {en},
  number = {2/3/4}
}

@article{basuVibrationControlWind2020a,
  title = {Vibration Control of Wind Turbines: Recent Advances and Emerging Trends},
  shorttitle = {Vibration Control of Wind Turbines},
  author = {Basu, Biswajit and Fitzgerald, Breiffni},
  year = {2020},
  volume = {4},
  pages = {347},
  issn = {2043-8621, 2043-863X},
  doi = {10.1504/IJSMSS.2020.10031284},
  abstract = {The wind energy sector globally is expanding and developing technically at a rapid pace. Demand for renewable energy is soaring and there is a need for increasing the efficiency and design life of wind turbine structures. The concept of using approaches and techniques developed in the field of structural control for control of wind turbine vibrations is extremely attractive and topical at present. We review the contributions of work on vibration control of wind turbines. We provide an overview on the recent literature focussing on theoretical and experimental work. Passive, semi-active and active control schemes are discussed. The development of bespoke auxiliary damping systems is also discussed as are novel turbine control algorithms utilising existing pitch/generator torque/yaw control hardware.},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/6WMGAEMP/basu_fitzgerald_2020_vibration_control_of_wind_turbines.pdf},
  journal = {International Journal of Sustainable Materials and Structural Systems},
  keywords = {_tablet},
  language = {en},
  number = {2/3/4}
}

@article{basuVibrationControlWind2020b,
  title = {Vibration Control of Wind Turbines: Recent Advances and Emerging Trends},
  shorttitle = {Vibration Control of Wind Turbines},
  author = {Basu, Biswajit and Fitzgerald, Breiffni},
  year = {2020},
  volume = {4},
  pages = {347},
  issn = {2043-8621, 2043-863X},
  doi = {10.1504/IJSMSS.2020.10031284},
  abstract = {The wind energy sector globally is expanding and developing technically at a rapid pace. Demand for renewable energy is soaring and there is a need for increasing the efficiency and design life of wind turbine structures. The concept of using approaches and techniques developed in the field of structural control for control of wind turbine vibrations is extremely attractive and topical at present. We review the contributions of work on vibration control of wind turbines. We provide an overview on the recent literature focussing on theoretical and experimental work. Passive, semi-active and active control schemes are discussed. The development of bespoke auxiliary damping systems is also discussed as are novel turbine control algorithms utilising existing pitch/generator torque/yaw control hardware.},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/3HGFXQ43/Basu and Fitzgerald - 2020 - Vibration control of wind turbines recent advance.pdf},
  journal = {International Journal of Sustainable Materials and Structural Systems},
  keywords = {_tablet},
  language = {en},
  number = {2/3/4}
}

@article{bearmanCircularCylinderWakes2011,
  title = {Circular Cylinder Wakes and Vortex-Induced Vibrations},
  author = {Bearman, P. W.},
  year = {2011},
  month = jul,
  volume = {27},
  pages = {648--658},
  issn = {0889-9746},
  doi = {10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2011.03.021},
  abstract = {This paper presents a selective review of recent research on vortex-induced vibrations of isolated circular cylinders and the flow and vibration of circular cylinders in a tandem arrangement; a common thread being that the topics raised are of particular interest to the author. The influence of Reynolds number on the response of isolated cylinders is presented and recent developments using forced vibration are discussed. The response of a cylinder free to respond in the in-line and transverse directions is contrasted with that of a cylinder responding in only one direction. The interference between two circular cylinders is discussed and prominence given to the case of cylinders in a tandem arrangement. The origin of the time\textendash mean lift force on the downstream cylinder is considered together with the cause of the large amplitude transverse vibration experienced by the cylinder above vortex resonance. This wake-induced vibration is shown to be a form of vortex-induced vibration.},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/5P9NHS9Q/bearman_2011_circular_cylinder_wakes_and_vortex-induced_vibrations.pdf;/home/san/Zotero/storage/87Q9VATN/bearman_2011_circular_cylinder_wakes_and_vortex-induced_vibrations.pdf;/home/san/Zotero/storage/89BAVUCC/bearman_2011_circular_cylinder_wakes_and_vortex-induced_vibrations.pdf;/home/san/Zotero/storage/8ACR34KF/bearman_2011_circular_cylinder_wakes_and_vortex-induced_vibrations.pdf;/home/san/Zotero/storage/N3I6CPJP/bearman_2011_circular_cylinder_wakes_and_vortex-induced_vibrations.pdf;/home/san/Zotero/storage/RMJAFDIB/bearman_2011_circular_cylinder_wakes_and_vortex-induced_vibrations.pdf;/home/san/Zotero/storage/S2PHW27W/Bearman_2011_Circular cylinder wakes and vortex-induced vibrations.pdf;/home/san/Zotero/storage/SKWTV63G/bearman_2011_circular_cylinder_wakes_and_vortex-induced_vibrations.pdf;/home/san/Zotero/storage/WGJUBFK9/bearman_2011_circular_cylinder_wakes_and_vortex-induced_vibrations.pdf;/home/san/Zotero/storage/WHTXZRRI/bearman_2011_circular_cylinder_wakes_and_vortex-induced_vibrations.pdf;/home/san/Zotero/storage/497A5ZLZ/S0889974611000600.html;/home/san/Zotero/storage/6BKUVI3N/S0889974611000600.html;/home/san/Zotero/storage/6YSKPVRM/S0889974611000600.html;/home/san/Zotero/storage/DFDAHH3Z/S0889974611000600.html;/home/san/Zotero/storage/GDHBB68B/S0889974611000600.html;/home/san/Zotero/storage/GDLNRUKN/S0889974611000600.html;/home/san/Zotero/storage/NCNI6FPZ/S0889974611000600.html;/home/san/Zotero/storage/RXFTIPES/S0889974611000600.html;/home/san/Zotero/storage/VR8PS64N/S0889974611000600.html;/home/san/Zotero/storage/Y5FZZIQ9/S0889974611000600.html},
  journal = {Journal of Fluids and Structures},
  keywords = {_tablet,Circular cylinder wakes,Tandem cylinders,Vortex shedding,Vortex-induced vibration},
  number = {5},
  series = {{{IUTAM Symposium}} on {{Bluff Body Wakes}} and {{Vortex}}-{{Induced Vibrations}} ({{BBVIV}}-6)}
}

@article{bearmanExperimentalStudiesPassive2004,
  title = {Experimental Studies of Passive Control of Vortex-Induced Vibration},
  author = {Bearman, Peter and Brankovi{\'c}, Ma{\v s}a},
  year = {2004},
  month = jan,
  volume = {23},
  pages = {9--15},
  issn = {0997-7546},
  doi = {10.1016/j.euromechflu.2003.06.002},
  abstract = {Measurements of vortex-induced vibration of a plain circular cylinder and cylinders fitted with strakes and bumps are presented. Experiments were carried out in water with mass ratios in a range from about 1.5 to 5.5 and combined mass and damping values between about 2\texttimes 10-3 and 7\texttimes 10-3. Reynolds numbers were within the range 103 to 104. Although the wakes of fixed cylinders with strakes or bumps show little or no evidence of regular vortex shedding it was found to establish itself across a range of reduced velocity when the mass and damping parameters are sufficiently small. However, the amplitudes of vibration were less than those for a plain cylinder. It is observed that the modes of shedding found for an oscillating plain cylinder are also present for a responding cylinder fitted with vortex suppression devices.},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/FH6887N3/bearman_branković_2004_experimental_studies_of_passive_control_of_vortex-induced_vibration.pdf;/home/san/Zotero/storage/LKSGUNP3/S0997754603000840.html},
  journal = {European Journal of Mechanics - B/Fluids},
  keywords = {_tablet},
  number = {1},
  series = {Bluff {{Body Wakes}} and {{Vortex}}-{{Induced Vibrations}}}
}

@article{bearmanVortexSheddingOscillating1984,
  title = {Vortex {{Shedding}} from {{Oscillating Bluff Bodies}}},
  author = {Bearman, P W},
  year = {1984},
  volume = {16},
  pages = {195--222},
  doi = {10.1146/annurev.fl.16.010184.001211},
  journal = {Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics},
  number = {1}
}

@article{bearmanVortexSheddingOscillatinga,
  title = {Vortex {{Shedding}} from {{Oscillating Bluff Bodies}}},
  author = {Bearman, P W},
  pages = {28},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/U6MHJ8LY/Bearman - Vortex Shedding from Oscillating Bluff Bodies.pdf},
  keywords = {_tablet},
  language = {en}
}

@article{beharaWakeTransitionFlow2010,
  title = {Wake Transition in Flow Past a Circular Cylinder},
  author = {Behara, Suresh and Mittal, Sanjay},
  year = {2010},
  month = nov,
  volume = {22},
  pages = {114104},
  issn = {1070-6631},
  doi = {10.1063/1.3500692},
  abstract = {The transition of the wake of a circular cylinder is investigated numerically via a stabilized finite element method for 150{$\leq$}Re{$\leq$}350150{$\leq$}Re{$\leq$}350{$<$}math display="inline" overflow="scroll" altimg="eq-00001.gif"{$><$}mrow{$><$}mn{$>$}150{$<$}/mn{$><$}mo{$>\leq<$}/mo{$><$}mtext{$>$}Re{$<$}/mtext{$><$}mo{$>\leq<$}/mo{$><$}mn{$>$}350{$<$}/mn{$><$}/mrow{$><$}/math{$>$}. Both the flow and aerodynamic coefficients are studied. The onset of the three-dimensionality of the flow takes place via the mode-A instability at Re=200Re=200{$<$}math display="inline" overflow="scroll" altimg="eq-00002.gif"{$><$}mrow{$><$}mtext{$>$}Re{$<$}/mtext{$><$}mo{$>$}={$<$}/mo{$><$}mn{$>$}200{$<$}/mn{$><$}/mrow{$><$}/math{$>$}. At this Re, the flow exhibits pure mode-A type flow structures for t{$<$}1800t{$<$}1800{$<$}math display="inline" overflow="scroll" altimg="eq-00003.gif"{$><$}mrow{$><$}mi{$>$}t{$<$}/mi{$><$}mo{$>\&$}lt;{$<$}/mo{$><$}mn{$>$}1800{$<$}/mn{$><$}/mrow{$><$}/math{$>$}. At larger times, the vortex dislocations appear spontaneously and destroy the spanwise periodicity in the flow. This confirms the hypothesis that the fully developed mode-A flow structures cannot exist without vortex dislocations. The appearance of dislocations leads to time variation in the vortex shedding frequency. They also lead to a reduction in the global aerodynamic parameters such as drag coefficient, rms value of lift coefficient, and dominant vortex shedding frequency. The vortex dislocations repetitively appear and disappear from the flow. The aerodynamic coefficients achieve a relatively lower value at the time instant when vortex dislocations appear in the flow. This leads to a low frequency modulation in the time variation of aerodynamic coefficients. The onset of mode-A is hysteretic. This is demonstrated in the present work via computations perhaps for the first time for increasing and decreasing Re. The transition from mode-A to mode-B vortex structures is gradual and not hysteretic. Mode-B is devoid of vortex dislocations and, therefore, the aerodynamic coefficients achieve a relatively larger value. The discontinuity in the variation of aerodynamic coefficients with Re is captured very well by the present computations. Unlike mode-A, the flow structures of the mode-B instability are restricted to the near wake.},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/XDYN7YEF/behara_mittal_2010_wake_transition_in_flow_past_a_circular_cylinder.pdf;/home/san/Zotero/storage/SUCBWQTC/1.html},
  journal = {Physics of Fluids},
  keywords = {_tablet},
  number = {11}
}

@incollection{benassaiSustainabilityIndexOffshore2011,
  title = {A Sustainability Index for Offshore Wind Farms and Open Water Aquaculture},
  booktitle = {Coastal {{Processes Ii}}},
  author = {Benassai, G. and Stenberg, C. and Christoffersen, M. and Mariani, P.},
  editor = {Benassai, G. and Brebbia, C. A. and Rodriguez, G.},
  year = {2011},
  volume = {149},
  pages = {3-+},
  publisher = {{Wit Press}},
  address = {{Southampton}},
  abstract = {One of the possible multi uses of marine space is offshore wind farms and open water aquaculture plans. Unlike coastal installations, offshore wind farms allow for increased availability of wind power and wind persistence, as well as lower visual impact of the turbines. Existing offshore wind farms offer important advantages for aquaculture plans especially in terms of lack of major physical constrains, e.g., navigation routes, submarine cables, marine protected areas. Moreover, enhanced current velocity due to the presence of the piles and to the air fluxes of the turbines may increase the environmental suitability of aquaculture plans in these areas. In addition, the transmission of localized depleted water masses or waste material towards near-shore zones can be avoided, excluding potential impact close to the coast. On the other hand, other environmental constrains (e.g. temperature and salinity variability, dissolved oxygen concentrations, phytoplankton dynamics) need also to be considered when planning aquaculture activities. In this context, the present paper gives a contribution towards the definition of a sustainability index for the large scale localization of marine areas as offshore wind farms and aquaculture plans. This index is developed on the basis of a Multi-Criteria Evaluation (MCE) technique, already used in open water aquaculture localization: raw data were converted to suitability scores, which were combined using additive models, in order to define the overall suitability. A detailed analysis of the environmental suitability is performed for few specific test cases at offshore wind farms located in the Denmark coastal zone, for which some projects of offshore aquaculture plans have been proposed. The use of this sustainability index will perform quantitative evaluations of the degree of compatibility between the offshore wind farms and the open water aquaculture, highlighting the main problems which can rise by the integration of both technologies.},
  annotation = {WOS:000309430200001},
  isbn = {978-1-84564-534-2},
  keywords = {offshore wind farms,open water aquaculture,sustainability index},
  language = {English}
}

@book{bendatRandomDataAnalysis2010,
  title = {Random Data: Analysis and Measurement Procedures},
  shorttitle = {Random Data},
  author = {Bendat, Julius S. and Piersol, Allan G.},
  year = {2010},
  edition = {4th ed},
  publisher = {{Wiley}},
  address = {{Hoboken, N.J}},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/YH5PPBU8/Bendat and Piersol - 2010 - Random data analysis and measurement procedures.pdf},
  isbn = {978-0-470-24877-5},
  keywords = {_tablet,Data processing,Engineering,Statistical methods,Stochastic processes},
  language = {en},
  lccn = {TA340 .B43 2010},
  series = {Wiley Series in Probability and Statistics}
}

@inproceedings{bernitsasInducedSeparationVorticity2009,
  title = {Induced {{Separation}} and {{Vorticity Using Roughness}} in {{VIV}} of {{Circular Cylinders}} at 8\texttimes 103 {$<$} {{Re}} {$<$} 2.0\texttimes 105},
  booktitle = {{{ASME}} 2008 27th {{International Conference}} on {{Offshore Mechanics}} and {{Arctic Engineering}}},
  author = {Bernitsas, Michael M. and Raghavan, Kamaldev and Duchene, G.},
  year = {2009},
  month = jul,
  pages = {993--999},
  publisher = {{American Society of Mechanical Engineers Digital Collection}},
  doi = {10.1115/OMAE2008-58023},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/J6BBFSF3/329505.html},
  language = {en}
}

@book{bhattacharyaRandomDynamicalSystems2007,
  title = {Random Dynamical Systems: Theory and Applications},
  shorttitle = {Random Dynamical Systems},
  author = {Bhattacharya, Rabindra N and Majumdar, Mukul},
  year = {2007},
  abstract = {This treatment provides an exposition of discrete time dynamic processes evolving over an infinite horizon. Chapter 1 reviews some mathematical results from the theory of deterministic dynamical systems, with particular emphasis on applications to economics. The theory of irreducible Markov processes, especially Markov chains, is surveyed in Chapter 2. Equilibrium and long run stability of a dynamical system in which the law of motion is subject to random perturbations is the central theme of Chapters 3-5. A unified account of relatively recent results, exploiting splitting and contractions, that have found applications in many contexts is presented in detail. Chapter 6 explains how a random dynamical system may emerge from a class of dynamic programming problems. With examples and exercises, readers are guided from basic theory to the frontier of applied mathematical research.},
  annotation = {OCLC: 967602461},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/YR5CH2W3/Bhattacharya and Majumdar - 2007 - Random dynamical systems theory and applications.pdf},
  isbn = {978-0-511-61862-8 978-0-521-82565-8 978-0-521-53272-3},
  keywords = {_tablet},
  language = {en}
}

@book{bhattacharyaRandomDynamicalSystems2007a,
  ids = {bhattacharyaRandomDynamicalSystems2007},
  title = {Random Dynamical Systems: Theory and Applications},
  shorttitle = {Random Dynamical Systems},
  author = {Bhattacharya, Rabindra N and Majumdar, Mukul},
  year = {2007},
  abstract = {This treatment provides an exposition of discrete time dynamic processes evolving over an infinite horizon. Chapter 1 reviews some mathematical results from the theory of deterministic dynamical systems, with particular emphasis on applications to economics. The theory of irreducible Markov processes, especially Markov chains, is surveyed in Chapter 2. Equilibrium and long run stability of a dynamical system in which the law of motion is subject to random perturbations is the central theme of Chapters 3-5. A unified account of relatively recent results, exploiting splitting and contractions, that have found applications in many contexts is presented in detail. Chapter 6 explains how a random dynamical system may emerge from a class of dynamic programming problems. With examples and exercises, readers are guided from basic theory to the frontier of applied mathematical research.},
  annotation = {OCLC: 967602461},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/JKNSTAXM/bhattacharya_majumdar_2007_random_dynamical_systems.pdf;/home/san/Zotero/storage/ZFAIZ5L7/bhattacharya_majumdar_2007_random_dynamical_systems.pdf},
  isbn = {978-0-511-61862-8 978-0-521-82565-8 978-0-521-53272-3},
  keywords = {_tablet},
  language = {en}
}

@article{bingolFeasibilityLargeScale2018,
  title = {Feasibility of Large Scale Wind Turbines for Offshore Gas Platform Installation},
  author = {Bingol, Ferhat},
  year = {2018},
  volume = {6},
  pages = {967--978},
  issn = {2333-8326},
  doi = {10.3934/energy.2018.6.967},
  abstract = {Although, offshore wind energy development emerged under way at the beginning of the millennium, Europe is planning to bring offshore wind energy capacity to over 11.6 GW until 2020. This is nearly 10 times todays installed offshore capacity and equal to nearly 50\% of the new planned investment in the wind energy market. The North Sea and the Baltic Sea are the main investment areas due to the shallower sea depth. In this paper an approach to use old gas / oil platforms as the foundation for a wind turbine is examined. An off shore gas platform close to Istanbul Turkey with over 20 years more lifetime is taken as a real-life case, with the wind resource information extracted from the recent large-scale wind atlas study, Global Wind Atlas version 2. The study aims to combine recent offshore economical models with up-to-date scientific wind energy yield assessment models to have a more realistic look on the feasibility of such an approach. The results show that, with the assumption of no extra support structure and capital loan costs, a project can be feasible with bigger then 8MW wind turbines. These may involve a large initial investment but the return of the investment (ROI) can be as low as 8 years. With bigger turbines, profit can be increased, and ROI can be decreased while the Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) displays minor decrease after 10 MW.},
  annotation = {WOS:000458458100005},
  journal = {Aims Energy},
  keywords = {cost,energy,feasibility,offshore,platform,roi,wind},
  language = {English},
  number = {6}
}

@book{blakeMechanicsFlowinducedSound1986,
  title = {Mechanics of Flow-Induced Sound and Vibration},
  author = {Blake, William K.},
  year = {1986},
  publisher = {{Academic Press}},
  address = {{Orlando, Fla}},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/Q83JTM3R/1986_Blake_Mechanics of flow-induced sound and vibration.pdf;/home/san/Zotero/storage/WXC4KSHY/blake_1986_mechanics_of_flow-induced_sound_and_vibration.pdf},
  isbn = {978-0-12-103501-3 978-0-12-103502-0},
  keywords = {_tablet,Fluid mechanics,Sound-waves,Vibration},
  language = {en},
  lccn = {TA357 .B56 1986},
  number = {v. 17},
  series = {Applied Mathematics and Mechanics}
}

@book{blakeMechanicsFlowinducedSound1986a,
  title = {Mechanics of Flow-Induced Sound and Vibration},
  author = {Blake, William K.},
  year = {1986},
  publisher = {{Academic Press}},
  address = {{Orlando, Fla}},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/7TV2DCLE/blake_1986_mechanics_of_flow-induced_sound_and_vibration.pdf},
  isbn = {978-0-12-103501-3 978-0-12-103502-0},
  keywords = {_tablet,Fluid mechanics,Sound-waves,Vibration},
  language = {en},
  lccn = {TA357 .B56 1986},
  number = {v. 17},
  series = {Applied Mathematics and Mechanics}
}

@book{blakeMechanicsFlowinducedSound1986b,
  title = {Mechanics of Flow-Induced Sound and Vibration},
  author = {Blake, William K.},
  year = {1986},
  publisher = {{Academic Press}},
  address = {{Orlando, Fla}},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/6RDR9SFS/blake_1986_mechanics_of_flow-induced_sound_and_vibration.pdf},
  isbn = {978-0-12-103501-3 978-0-12-103502-0},
  keywords = {_tablet,Fluid mechanics,Sound-waves,Vibration},
  language = {en},
  lccn = {TA357 .B56 1986},
  number = {v. 17},
  series = {Applied Mathematics and Mechanics}
}

@book{blakeMechanicsFlowinducedSound1986c,
  title = {Mechanics of Flow-Induced Sound and Vibration},
  author = {Blake, William K.},
  year = {1986},
  publisher = {{Academic Press}},
  address = {{Orlando, Fla}},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/6TFJWBAV/Blake - 1986 - Mechanics of flow-induced sound and vibration.pdf},
  isbn = {978-0-12-103501-3 978-0-12-103502-0},
  keywords = {_tablet,Fluid mechanics,Sound-waves,Vibration},
  language = {en},
  lccn = {TA357 .B56 1986},
  number = {v. 17},
  series = {Applied Mathematics and Mechanics}
}

@book{blakeMechanicsFlowinducedSound1986d,
  title = {Mechanics of Flow-Induced Sound and Vibration},
  author = {Blake, William K.},
  year = {1986},
  publisher = {{Academic Press}},
  address = {{Orlando, Fla}},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/MYZVU5RH/Blake - 1986 - Mechanics of flow-induced sound and vibration.pdf},
  isbn = {978-0-12-103501-3 978-0-12-103502-0},
  keywords = {_tablet,Fluid mechanics,Sound-waves,Vibration},
  language = {en},
  lccn = {TA357 .B56 1986},
  number = {v. 17},
  series = {Applied Mathematics and Mechanics}
}

@book{blevinsFlowinducedVibration1994,
  title = {Flow-Induced Vibration},
  author = {Blevins, Robert D.},
  year = {1994},
  edition = {2. ed., repr. ed. w/updating and new preface},
  publisher = {{Krieger}},
  address = {{Malabar, Fla}},
  annotation = {OCLC: 930363740},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/LAENHLJR/1994_Blevins_Flow-induced vibration.pdf},
  isbn = {978-1-57524-183-8},
  keywords = {_tablet},
  language = {en}
}

@book{blevinsFlowinducedVibration1994a,
  title = {Flow-Induced Vibration},
  author = {Blevins, Robert D.},
  year = {1994},
  edition = {2. ed., repr. ed. w/updating and new preface},
  publisher = {{Krieger}},
  address = {{Malabar, Fla}},
  annotation = {OCLC: 930363740},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/DBCNRCUF/blevins_1994_flow-induced_vibration.pdf},
  isbn = {978-1-57524-183-8},
  keywords = {_tablet},
  language = {en}
}

@book{blevinsFlowinducedVibration1994b,
  title = {Flow-Induced Vibration},
  author = {Blevins, Robert D.},
  year = {1994},
  edition = {2. ed., repr. ed. w/updating and new preface},
  publisher = {{Krieger}},
  address = {{Malabar, Fla}},
  annotation = {OCLC: 930363740},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/2X9IGLNT/Blevins - 1994 - Flow-induced vibration.pdf},
  isbn = {978-1-57524-183-8},
  keywords = {_tablet},
  language = {en}
}

@article{bokaianWakeinducedGallopingTwo1984,
  title = {Wake-Induced Galloping of Two Interfering Circular Cylinders},
  author = {Bokaian, A. and Geoola, F.},
  year = {1984},
  month = sep,
  volume = {146},
  pages = {383--415},
  issn = {1469-7645, 0022-1120},
  doi = {10.1017/S0022112084001920},
  abstract = {Measurements are presented of fluid-dynamic instability of a smooth circular cylinder, free to oscillate laterally against linear springs in the wake from an identical stationary neighbouring body. The observations also encompassed determination of static forces on the downstream cylinder as functions of relative position of the cylinder pair. Most of the experiments were performed under two conditions of free-stream turbulence. Static tests indicated that both the drag coefficient and the Strouhal number of the downstream body are continuous functions of its relative position. The drag forces were found to be negative at small gaps. It was observed that the transverse extent of the force field increases with increasing streamwise gap.In the dynamic experiments, depending on the cylinders' separation and structural damping, the cylinder exhibited a vortex-resonance, or a galloping, or a combined vortex-resonance and galloping, or a separated vortex-resonance and galloping. Whilst the characteristics of wake-excited motion were found to be essentially unaffected by a limited change in free-stream turbulence intensity, the galloping amplitudes were observed to be sensitive to the cylinders' aspect ratio. An increase in the stability parameter caused significant effects on the cylinder response in amplitude domain. Wake observations behind the oscillating body indicated that in vortex lock-in the frequency of vortex-shedding locked to vibration frequency, but during small-amplitude galloping motion the shedding frequency behaved as if the cylinder was stationary.},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/GWJQUV5J/0C2591AC4DEC76D9DA257659714C4450.html},
  journal = {Journal of Fluid Mechanics},
  language = {en}
}

@article{bourgetRemarksVariationsDrag1990,
  title = {Remarks about Variations in the Drag Coefficient of Circular Cylinders Moving through Water},
  author = {Bourget, P. -L. and Marichal, D.},
  year = {1990},
  month = jan,
  volume = {17},
  pages = {569--585},
  issn = {0029-8018},
  doi = {10.1016/0029-8018(90)90024-Z},
  abstract = {Numerous flexible underwater structures (towing and mooring lines, trawl lines, oil platform risers, submarine periscopes, etc.) are used in navigation and exploitation of sea resources. Current technologies require a knowledge of the hydrodynamic forces exerted on these structures. All theoretical calculations employ hydrodynamic coefficients, in particular the drag coefficient for which a review of the literature is provided. An original scheme is proposed, based on the influence of transverse velocity, which can account for the apparent increase in the drag coefficient of a submerged cylinder undergoing vibration as a result of hydrodynamic forces. Several applications are presented which show that the use of empiric values for the drag coefficient of a cylinder vibrating on the order of 1.8 is still perfectly justified.},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/BJNRK8QA/002980189090024Z.html},
  journal = {Ocean Engineering},
  language = {en},
  number = {6}
}

@article{bourguetDistributedLockinDrives2013,
  title = {Distributed Lock-in Drives Broadband Vortex-Induced Vibrations of a Long Flexible Cylinder in Shear Flow},
  author = {Bourguet, R{\'e}mi and Karniadakis, George Em and Triantafyllou, Michael S.},
  year = {2013},
  month = feb,
  volume = {717},
  pages = {361--375},
  issn = {0022-1120, 1469-7645},
  doi = {10.1017/jfm.2012.576},
  abstract = {A slender flexible body immersed in sheared cross-flow may exhibit vortex-induced vibrations (VIVs) involving a wide range of excited frequencies and structural wavenumbers. The mechanisms of broadband VIVs of a cylindrical tensioned beam of length-to-diameter aspect ratio 200 placed in shear flow, with an exponentially varying profile along the span, are investigated by means of direct numerical simulation. The Reynolds number is equal to 330 based on the maximum velocity, for comparison with previous work on narrowband vibrations in linear shear flow. The flow is found to excite the structure at a number of different locations under a condition of wake\textendash body synchronization, or lock-in. Broadband responses are associated with a distributed occurrence of the lock-in condition along the span, as opposed to the localized lock-in regions limited to the high inflow velocity zone, reported for narrowband vibrations in sheared current. Despite the instantaneously multi-frequency nature of broadband responses, the lock-in phenomenon remains a locally mono-frequency event, since the vortex formation is generally synchronized with a single vibration frequency at a given location. The spanwise distribution of the excitation zones induces travelling structural waves moving in both directions; this contrasts with the narrowband case where the direction of propagation toward decreasing inflow velocity is preferred. A generalization of the mechanism of phase-locking between the in-line and cross-flow responses is proposed for broadband VIVs under the lock-in condition. A spanwise drift of the in-line/cross-flow phase difference is identified for the high-wavenumber vibration components; this drift is related to the strong travelling wave character of the corresponding structural waves.},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/TZDF3G7T/bourguet_et_al_2013_distributed_lock-in_drives_broadband_vortex-induced_vibrations_of_a_long.pdf;/home/san/Zotero/storage/U4H8NL4R/303998991F18AEA84D61EC56D8D8D19E.html},
  journal = {Journal of Fluid Mechanics},
  keywords = {_tablet,flow-structure interactions,vortex shedding,vortex streets},
  language = {en}
}

@article{bourguetPhasingMechanismsInline2013,
  title = {Phasing Mechanisms between the In-Line and Cross-Flow Vortex-Induced Vibrations of a Long Tensioned Beam in Shear Flow},
  author = {Bourguet, R{\'e}mi and Karniadakis, George Em and Triantafyllou, Michael S.},
  year = {2013},
  month = jun,
  volume = {122},
  pages = {155--163},
  issn = {0045-7949},
  doi = {10.1016/j.compstruc.2013.01.002},
  abstract = {The mechanisms of phasing between the in-line and cross-flow vortex-induced vibrations of a cylindrical tensioned beam in non-uniform flow are studied by direct numerical simulation. Three types of responses are considered, mono-frequency, narrowband, and broadband multi-frequency vibrations; in all cases, in-line and cross-flow vibration components occurring with a frequency ratio of 2 are phase-locked within regions of wake-body synchronization. The in-line/cross-flow phase difference exhibits a persistent spanwise drift when vibration components present significant traveling-wave behavior; this drift depends linearly on the in-line/cross-flow wavenumber difference, controlled by the beam non-linear dispersion relation and also impacted by the effective added mass variability.},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/KTYUYHRS/bourguet_et_al_2013_phasing_mechanisms_between_the_in-line_and_cross-flow_vortex-induced_vibrations.pdf;/home/san/Zotero/storage/XZQV3PBA/S0045794913000126.html},
  journal = {Computers \& Structures},
  keywords = {_tablet,Direct numerical simulation,In-line/cross-flow response phasing,Lock-in in shear flow,Mono- and multi-frequency responses,Tensioned beam,Vortex-induced vibrations},
  language = {en},
  series = {Computational {{Fluid}} and {{Solid Mechanics}} 2013}
}

@article{bourguetVortexinducedVibrationsLong2011,
  title = {Vortex-Induced Vibrations of a Long Flexible Cylinder in Shear Flow},
  author = {Bourguet, Remi and Karniadakis, George E. and Triantafyllou, Michael S.},
  year = {2011},
  month = jun,
  volume = {677},
  pages = {342--382},
  issn = {1469-7645, 0022-1120},
  doi = {10.1017/jfm.2011.90},
  abstract = {We investigate the in-line and cross-flow vortex-induced vibrations of a long cylindrical tensioned beam, with length to diameter ratio L/D = 200, placed within a linearly sheared oncoming flow, using three-dimensional direct numerical simulation. The study is conducted at three Reynolds numbers, from 110 to 1100 based on maximum velocity, so as to include the transition to turbulence in the wake. The selected tension and bending stiffness lead to high-wavenumber vibrations, similar to those encountered in long ocean structures. The resulting vortex-induced vibrations consist of a mixture of standing and travelling wave patterns in both the in-line and cross-flow directions; the travelling wave component is preferentially oriented from high to low velocity regions. The in-line and cross-flow vibrations have a frequency ratio approximately equal to 2. Lock-in, the phenomenon of self-excited vibrations accompanied by synchronization between the vortex shedding and cross-flow vibration frequencies, occurs in the high-velocity region, extending across 30\% or more of the beam length. The occurrence of lock-in disrupts the spanwise regularity of the cellular patterns observed in the wake of stationary cylinders in shear flow. The wake exhibits an oblique vortex shedding pattern, inclined in the direction of the travelling wave component of the cylinder vibrations. Vortex splittings occur between spanwise cells of constant vortex shedding frequency. The flow excites the cylinder under the lock-in condition with a preferential in-line versus cross-flow motion phase difference corresponding to counter-clockwise, figure-eight orbits; but it damps cylinder vibrations in the non-lock-in region. Both mono-frequency and multi-frequency responses may be excited. In the case of multi-frequency response and within the lock-in region, the wake can lock in to different frequencies at various spanwise locations; however, lock-in is a locally mono-frequency event, and hence the flow supplies energy to the structure mainly at the local lock-in frequency.},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/AECHQSCL/bourguet_et_al_2011_vortex-induced_vibrations_of_a_long_flexible_cylinder_in_shear_flow.pdf;/home/san/Zotero/storage/NJI97PQP/bourguet_et_al_2011_vortex-induced_vibrations_of_a_long_flexible_cylinder_in_shear_flow.pdf;/home/san/Zotero/storage/L8HRQGRB/914D21445C7B41BF5E937129D2B93960.html;/home/san/Zotero/storage/Z3S3BVIH/914D21445C7B41BF5E937129D2B93960.html},
  journal = {Journal of Fluid Mechanics},
  keywords = {_tablet,flow–structure interactions,vortex shedding,vortex streets},
  language = {en}
}

@article{bourguetWakebodyResonanceLong2011,
  title = {Wake-Body {{Resonance}} of {{Long Flexible Structures}} Is {{Dominated}} by {{Counterclockwise Orbits}}},
  author = {Bourguet, R{\'e}mi and {Modarres-Sadeghi}, Yahya and Karniadakis, George E. and Triantafyllou, Michael S.},
  year = {2011},
  month = sep,
  volume = {107},
  pages = {134502},
  doi = {10.1103/PhysRevLett.107.134502},
  abstract = {We identify a dominant mechanism in the interaction between a slender flexible structure undergoing free vibrations in sheared cross-flow and the vortices forming in its wake: energy is transferred from the fluid to the body under a resonance condition, defined as wake-body frequency synchronization close to a natural frequency of the structure; this condition occurs within a well-defined region of the span, which is dominated by counterclockwise, figure-eight orbits. Clockwise orbits are associated with damping fluid forces.},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/6W4L82ND/bourguet_et_al_2011_wake-body_resonance_of_long_flexible_structures_is_dominated_by.pdf;/home/san/Zotero/storage/ZNSFAKJT/PhysRevLett.107.html},
  journal = {Physical Review Letters},
  keywords = {_tablet},
  number = {13}
}

@article{BpStatisticalReview2020,
  title = {Bp {{Statistical Review}} of {{World Energy}} 2020},
  year = {2020},
  pages = {68},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/MX8RH7EX/bp-stats-review-2020-all-data.xlsx;/home/san/Zotero/storage/XCCS9P72/2020_bp_statistical_review_of_world_energy_2020.pdf},
  keywords = {_tablet},
  language = {en}
}

@article{brandaoNumericalStudyCavitation2020,
  title = {Numerical Study of Cavitation Regimes in Flow over a Circular Cylinder},
  author = {Brandao, Filipe L. and Bhatt, Mrugank and Mahesh, Krishnan},
  year = {2020},
  month = feb,
  volume = {885},
  issn = {0022-1120, 1469-7645},
  doi = {10.1017/jfm.2019.971},
  abstract = {, Cavitating flow over a circular cylinder is investigated over a range of cavitation numbers ( {$\mathsl{\sigma}\mathsl{\sigma}$}=5\textbackslash unicode[STIX]\{x1D70E\}=5  to  0.50.5 ) for both laminar (at Reynolds number  (Re)=200(Re)=200 ) and turbulent (at  Re=3900Re=3900 ) regimes. We observe non-cavitating, cyclic and transitional cavitation regimes with reduction in free-stream  {$\mathsl{\sigma}\mathsl{\sigma}\backslash$}unicode[STIX]\{x1D70E\} . The cavitation inside the K\'arm\'an vortices in the cyclic regime, is significantly altered by the onset of `condensation front' propagation in the transitional regime. At the transition, an order of magnitude jump in shedding Strouhal number ( StSt ) is observed as the dominant frequency shifts from periodic vortex shedding in the cyclic regime, to irregular\textendash regular vortex shedding in the transitional regime. In addition, a peak in pressure fluctuations, and a maximum in  StSt  versus  {$\mathsl{\sigma}\mathsl{\sigma}\backslash$}unicode[STIX]\{x1D70E\}  based on cavity length are observed at the transition. Shedding characteristics in each regime are discussed using dynamic mode decomposition. A numerical method based on the homogeneous mixture model, fully compressible formulation and finite rate mass transfer developed by Gnanaskandan \& Mahesh (Intl J. Multiphase Flow, vol.~70, 2015, pp.~22\textendash 34) is extended to include the effects of non-condensable gas (NCG). It is demonstrated that the condensation fronts observed in the transitional regime are supersonic (referred to as `condensation shocks'). In the presence of NCG, multiple condensation shocks in a given cycle are required for complete cavity condensation and detachment, as compared to a single condensation shock when only vapour is present. This is explained by the reduction in pressure ratio across the shock in the presence of NCG, effectively reducing its strength. In addition, at  {$\mathsl{\sigma}\mathsl{\sigma}$}=0.85\textbackslash unicode[STIX]\{x1D70E\}=0.85  (near transition from the cyclic to the transitional regime), the presence of NCG suppresses the low frequency irregular\textendash regular vortex shedding. Vorticity transport at  Re=3900Re=3900 , in the transitional regime, indicates that the region of attached cavity is nearly two-dimensional, with very low vorticity, affecting K\'arm\'an shedding in the near wake. Majority of vortex stretching/tilting and vorticity production is observed following the cavity trailing edge. In addition, the boundary-layer separation point is found to be strongly dependent on the amounts of vapour and gas in the free stream for both laminar and turbulent regimes.},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/NYS58FHK/brandao_et_al_2020_numerical_study_of_cavitation_regimes_in_flow_over_a_circular_cylinder.pdf;/home/san/Zotero/storage/YKVLTVM3/C66ECA1BBE0036734834570F7DCE1683.html},
  journal = {Journal of Fluid Mechanics},
  keywords = {_tablet,cavitation,multiphase flow,shock waves},
  language = {en}
}

@article{brandtABRAVIBEMATLABOctave,
  title = {{{ABRAVIBE A MATLAB}}/{{Octave}} Toolbox},
  author = {Brandt, Anders},
  pages = {33},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/W57JBEQ6/Brandt - ABRAVIBE A MATLABOctave toolbox.pdf},
  keywords = {_tablet},
  language = {en}
}

@book{brandtNoiseVibrationAnalysis2011,
  title = {Noise and {{Vibration Analysis}}: {{Signal Analysis}} and {{Experimental Procedures}}},
  shorttitle = {Noise and {{Vibration Analysis}}},
  author = {Brandt, Anders},
  year = {2011},
  month = feb,
  publisher = {{John Wiley \& Sons, Ltd}},
  address = {{Chichester, UK}},
  doi = {10.1002/9780470978160},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/2NESJP3S/Brandt - 2011 - Noise and Vibration Analysis Signal Analysis and .pdf},
  isbn = {978-0-470-97816-0 978-0-470-74644-8},
  keywords = {_tablet},
  language = {en}
}

@book{brandtNoiseVibrationAnalysis2011a,
  title = {Noise and {{Vibration Analysis}}: {{Signal Analysis}} and {{Experimental Procedures}}},
  shorttitle = {Noise and {{Vibration Analysis}}},
  author = {Brandt, Anders},
  year = {2011},
  month = feb,
  publisher = {{John Wiley \& Sons, Ltd}},
  address = {{Chichester, UK}},
  doi = {10.1002/9780470978160},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/6JK3WUF5/Brandt - 2011 - Noise and Vibration Analysis Signal Analysis and .pdf},
  isbn = {978-0-470-97816-0 978-0-470-74644-8},
  keywords = {_tablet},
  language = {en}
}

@book{brandtNoiseVibrationAnalysis2011b,
  title = {Noise and {{Vibration Analysis}}: {{Signal Analysis}} and {{Experimental Procedures}}},
  shorttitle = {Noise and {{Vibration Analysis}}},
  author = {Brandt, Anders},
  year = {2011},
  month = feb,
  publisher = {{John Wiley \& Sons, Ltd}},
  address = {{Chichester, UK}},
  doi = {10.1002/9780470978160},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/MQ5XDQCS/Brandt - 2011 - Noise and Vibration Analysis Signal Analysis and .pdf},
  isbn = {978-0-470-97816-0 978-0-470-74644-8},
  keywords = {_tablet},
  language = {en}
}

@article{brikaFLOWINTERACTIONSTATIONARY1999,
  title = {{{THE FLOW INTERACTION BETWEEN A STATIONARY CYLINDER AND A DOWNSTREAM FLEXIBLE CYLINDER}}},
  author = {Brika, D. and Laneville, A.},
  year = {1999},
  month = jul,
  volume = {13},
  pages = {579--606},
  issn = {0889-9746},
  doi = {10.1006/jfls.1999.0220},
  abstract = {This paper deals with an experimental investigation of the dynamic response of a long flexible circular cylinder in the wake of a stationary geometrically similar cylinder. The system has a low damping ratio. The tandem and staggered arrangements have been considered. The separations investigated are typical of transmission line bundles and range from 7 to 25 diameters and Reynolds number ranges from 5 000 to 27 000. For the tandem cylinders, the results indicate that (a) the dynamic response of the downstream cylinder is no longer hysteretic, (b) the synchronization onset is at higher reduced velocities and (c) the synchronization region is wider than that of an isolated cylinder; this region is twice as large for a separation of 10 diameters and decreases with increasing spacing. Despite the absence of the hysteresis loop and its associated discontinuities, two vortex patterns are present around the resonance velocity. A small decrease of the maximum amplitude of oscillation with increasing spacing has also been observed, as well as a reduction of the velocity for which this maximum occurs. For separations of 7 and 8{$\cdot$}5 diameters, the leeward cylinder exhibits a combination of vortex-induced and wake-galloping oscillations. For the staggered arrangement, the increase of the stagger angle {$\beta$} reduces the synchronization onset velocity and the synchronization region and beyond {$\beta$}=20\textdegree, the downstream cylinder behaves as an isolated one.},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/4U3D8FX9/brika_laneville_1999_the_flow_interaction_between_a_stationary_cylinder_and_a_downstream_flexible.pdf;/home/san/Zotero/storage/NA54NV9Q/S0889974699902207.html},
  journal = {Journal of Fluids and Structures},
  keywords = {_tablet},
  language = {en},
  number = {5}
}

@book{brinckerIntroductionOperationalModal2015,
  title = {Introduction to {{Operational Modal Analysis}}: {{Brincker}}/{{Introduction}} to {{Operational Modal Analysis}}},
  shorttitle = {Introduction to {{Operational Modal Analysis}}},
  author = {Brincker, Rune and Ventura, Carlos E.},
  year = {2015},
  month = aug,
  publisher = {{John Wiley \& Sons, Ltd}},
  address = {{Chichester, UK}},
  doi = {10.1002/9781118535141},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/V6YWCBIX/Brincker and Ventura - 2015 - Introduction to Operational Modal Analysis Brinck.pdf},
  isbn = {978-1-118-53514-1 978-1-119-96315-8},
  keywords = {_tablet},
  language = {en}
}

@article{brodersenActiveTunedMass2017,
  title = {Active Tuned Mass Damper for Damping of Offshore Wind Turbine Vibrations},
  author = {Brodersen, Mark L. and Bj{\o}rke, Ann-Sofie and H{\o}gsberg, Jan},
  year = {2017},
  volume = {20},
  pages = {783--796},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/FN82RD9H/2017_Brodersen et al_Active tuned mass damper for damping of offshore wind turbine vibrations.pdf;/home/san/Zotero/storage/XCNFFWD7/we.html},
  journal = {Wind Energy},
  keywords = {_tablet},
  number = {5}
}

@incollection{brodersenDampingOffshoreWind2014,
  title = {Damping of Offshore Wind Turbine Tower Vibrations by a Stroke Amplifying Brace},
  booktitle = {Eera {{Deepwind}}' 2014, 11th {{Deep Sea Offshore Wind R}}\&d {{Conference}}},
  author = {Brodersen, Mark L. and Hogsberg, Jan},
  editor = {Kvamsdal, T. and Muskulus, M. and Tande, J. O.},
  year = {2014},
  volume = {53},
  pages = {258--267},
  publisher = {{Elsevier Science Bv}},
  address = {{Amsterdam}},
  abstract = {The potential of installing dampers inside the tower of an offshore wind turbine is investigated through simulations. Dampers are installed at the bottom to act on the curvature of the tower, and it is shown that dampers installed in suitable braces have the potential to increase the critical damping ratio of the two lowest tower modes by 1 percent. By using a toggle-brace system, damper stroke is increased, while the damper force is reduced. Finally, by installing the dampers in a symmetric configuration, tuning for maximum damping is approximately independent of the orientation of the rotor, thereby making this installation of dampers feasible. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/).},
  annotation = {WOS:000345418400026},
  keywords = {Fixed offshore wind   turbine,Passive damping,Stroke amplifying toggle brace},
  language = {English}
}

@inproceedings{brooksPragmaticApproachVortexInduced1987,
  title = {A {{Pragmatic Approach}} to {{Vortex}}-{{Induced Vibrations}} of a {{Drilling Riser}}},
  booktitle = {Offshore {{Technology Conference}}},
  author = {Brooks, I. H.},
  year = {1987},
  month = jan,
  publisher = {{Offshore Technology Conference}},
  doi = {10.4043/5522-MS},
  abstract = {ABSTRACT During planning activities for a deep water drilling program, a great deal of concern arose regarding the possibility o the drilling riser being excite 3 by vortex- induced vibrations. Although several consequences of these vibrations could},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/JMU9FMRG/OTC-5522-MS.html},
  isbn = {978-1-61399-080-3},
  language = {english}
}

@article{bruntonDiscoveringGoverningEquations2016,
  title = {Discovering Governing Equations from Data by Sparse Identification of Nonlinear Dynamical Systems},
  author = {Brunton, Steven L. and Proctor, Joshua L. and Kutz, J. Nathan},
  year = {2016},
  month = apr,
  volume = {113},
  pages = {3932--3937},
  issn = {0027-8424, 1091-6490},
  doi = {10.1073/pnas.1517384113},
  abstract = {Extracting governing equations from data is a central challenge in many diverse areas of science and engineering. Data are abundant whereas models often remain elusive, as in climate science, neuroscience, ecology, finance, and epidemiology, to name only a few examples. In this work, we combine sparsity-promoting techniques and machine learning with nonlinear dynamical systems to discover governing equations from noisy measurement data. The only assumption about the structure of the model is that there are only a few important terms that govern the dynamics, so that the equations are sparse in the space of possible functions; this assumption holds for many physical systems in an appropriate basis. In particular, we use sparse regression to determine the fewest terms in the dynamic governing equations required to accurately represent the data. This results in parsimonious models that balance accuracy with model complexity to avoid overfitting. We demonstrate the algorithm on a wide range of problems, from simple canonical systems, including linear and nonlinear oscillators and the chaotic Lorenz system, to the fluid vortex shedding behind an obstacle. The fluid example illustrates the ability of this method to discover the underlying dynamics of a system that took experts in the community nearly 30 years to resolve. We also show that this method generalizes to parameterized systems and systems that are time-varying or have external forcing.},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/9WFQ4525/Brunton et al. - 2016 - Discovering governing equations from data by spars.pdf},
  journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},
  language = {en},
  number = {15}
}

@book{burtonWindEnergyHandbook2021,
  title = {Wind {{Energy Handbook}}},
  author = {Burton, Tony L and Jenkins, Nick and Bossanyi, Ervin},
  year = {2021},
  publisher = {{Wiley}},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/M8NPX9WH/burton_et_al_wind_energy_handbook.pdf},
  isbn = {978-1-119-45109-9},
  language = {English}
}

@article{bushnellSCALINGWindTunnel2006a,
  title = {{{SCALING}}: {{Wind Tunnel}} to {{Flight}}},
  shorttitle = {{{SCALING}}},
  author = {Bushnell, Dennis M.},
  year = {2006},
  month = jan,
  volume = {38},
  pages = {111--128},
  issn = {0066-4189, 1545-4479},
  doi = {10.1146/annurev.fluid.38.050304.092208},
  abstract = {Wind tunnels have wide-ranging functionality, including many applications beyond aeronautics, and historically have been the major source of information for technological aerodynamics/aeronautical applications. There are a myriad of scaling issues/differences from flight to wind tunnel, and their study and impacts are uneven and a function of the particular type of extant flow phenomena. Typically, the most serious discrepancies are associated with flow separation. The tremendous ongoing increases in numerical simulation capability are changing and in many aspects have changed the function of the wind tunnel from a (scaled) ``predictor'' to a source of computational calibration/validation information with the computation then utilized as the flight prediction/scaling tool. Numerical simulations can increasingly include the influences of the various scaling issues. This wind tunnel role change has been occurring for decades as computational capability improves in all aspects. Additional issues driving this trend are the increasing cost (and time) disparity between physical experiments and computations, and increasingly stringent accuracy requirements.},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/K6RSA9FT/Bushnell - 2006 - SCALING Wind Tunnel to Flight.pdf},
  journal = {Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics},
  keywords = {_tablet},
  language = {en},
  number = {1}
}

@article{ButterworthFilter2020,
  title = {Butterworth Filter},
  year = {2020},
  month = mar,
  abstract = {The Butterworth filter is a type of signal processing filter designed to have a frequency response as flat as possible in the passband. It is also referred to as a maximally flat magnitude filter. It was first described in 1930 by the British engineer and physicist Stephen Butterworth in his paper entitled "On the Theory of Filter Amplifiers".},
  annotation = {Page Version ID: 944627575},
  copyright = {Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/TW57WQC8/index.html},
  journal = {Wikipedia},
  language = {en}
}

@article{byrneHelicalPilesInnovative2015,
  title = {Helical Piles: An Innovative Foundation Design Option for Offshore Wind Turbines},
  shorttitle = {Helical Piles},
  author = {Byrne, B. W. and Houlsby, G. T.},
  year = {2015},
  month = feb,
  volume = {373},
  pages = {20140081},
  issn = {1364-503X},
  doi = {10.1098/rsta.2014.0081},
  abstract = {Offshore wind turbines play a key part in the renewable energy strategy in the UK and Europe as well as in other parts of the world (for example, China). The majority of current developments, certainly in UK waters, have taken place in relatively shallow water and close to shore. This limits the scale of the engineering to relatively simple structures, such as those using monopile foundations, and these have been the most common design to date, in UK waters. However, as larger turbines are designed, or they are placed in deeper water, it will be necessary to use multi-footing structures such as tripods or jackets. For these designs, the tension on the upwind footing becomes the critical design condition. Driven pile foundations could be used, as could suction-installed foundations. However, in this paper, we present another concept-the use of helical pile foundations. These foundations are routinely applied onshore where large tension capacities are required. However, for use offshore, a significant upscaling of the technology will be needed, particularly of the equipment required for installation of the piles. A clear understanding of the relevant geotechnical engineering will be needed if this upscaling is to be successful.},
  annotation = {WOS:000347845700010},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/6QZ8859I/2015_Byrne_Houlsby_Helical piles.pdf},
  journal = {Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society a-Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences},
  keywords = {_tablet,geotechnical engineering,helical piles,offshore wind,pile foundations,soil mechanics},
  language = {English},
  number = {2035}
}

@article{cagneyRoleSeparationPoint2019,
  title = {The Role of the Separation Point in Streamwise Vortex-Induced Vibrations},
  author = {Cagney, Neil and Balabani, Stavroula},
  year = {2019},
  month = apr,
  volume = {86},
  pages = {316--328},
  issn = {08899746},
  doi = {10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2019.02.020},
  journal = {Journal of Fluids and Structures},
  language = {en}
}

@article{carberryFORCESWAKEMODES2001,
  title = {{{FORCES AND WAKE MODES OF AN OSCILLATING CYLINDER}}},
  author = {Carberry, J. and Sheridan, J. and Rockwell, D.},
  year = {2001},
  month = apr,
  volume = {15},
  pages = {523--532},
  issn = {0889-9746},
  doi = {10.1006/jfls.2000.0363},
  abstract = {This investigation considers the wake states of a cylinder subjected to forced oscillations at frequencies close to the Karman frequency. Two distinctly different wake states are observed. The emphasis is on the transition between these states, which is characterized in terms of the lift force on the cylinder and the instantaneous patterns of vortex structures in the near-wake. As the frequency of oscillation increases, there is simultaneously an abrupt jump in the lift force and a change in the mode of vortex shedding. The jump in the lift force involves a sharp increase in the magnitude of the lift coefficient and a phase shift of the order 180\textdegree. The corresponding mode change involves an alteration in both the timing of the vortex initially shed from the cylinder and the overall pattern of vortices in the near-wake. Whilst previously these changes have been observed individually in separate forced vibration investigations, we show conclusive evidence that these two events are intrinsically linked. Moreover, for a narrow band of frequencies, a self-excited transition is possible, where the wake state changes while the cylinder oscillates at a constant frequency.},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/PNUANBKW/carberry_et_al_2001_forces_and_wake_modes_of_an_oscillating_cylinder.pdf;/home/san/Zotero/storage/XNRLWI8E/carberry_et_al_2001_forces_and_wake_modes_of_an_oscillating_cylinder.pdf;/home/san/Zotero/storage/VLB9DZ7Z/S0889974600903633.html;/home/san/Zotero/storage/WNELWYTI/S0889974600903633.html},
  journal = {Journal of Fluids and Structures},
  keywords = {_tablet},
  language = {en},
  number = {3}
}

@article{carlsonVortexinducedVibrationSpar2018,
  title = {Vortex-Induced Vibration of Spar Platforms for Floating Offshore Wind Turbines},
  author = {Carlson, Daniel W. and {Modarres-Sadeghi}, Yahya},
  year = {2018},
  month = nov,
  volume = {21},
  pages = {1169--1176},
  issn = {1095-4244},
  doi = {10.1002/we.2221},
  abstract = {An experimental study of flow-induced oscillations of a floating model spar-type wind turbine platform was conducted. The model spar consisted of a floating uniform cylinder moored in a water tunnel test section and free to oscillate about its mooring attachment point near the center of mass. For the bare cylinder, periodic oscillations with figure-eight trajectories were observed over a range of reduced velocities, resembling a lock-in region. This was shown to be a vortex-induced vibration response since the oscillation frequencies and the shedding frequencies stayed equal to each other during the lock-in region. While the lower part of the cylinder was moving upstream at the 2 crossflow extremes of the trajectory, referred to as a counterclockwise (CCW) motion, its upper part experienced clockwise motion. It was hypothesized that the portion of the spar undergoing CCW figure eights is the portion where the flow excites the structure. This hypothesis was then validated by showing that adding helical strakes to the portion of the cylinder with CCW orbital motion suppresses vortex-induced vibration almost entirely, while adding strakes to the portion with clockwise orbital motion had a minimal influence on the amplitude of response.},
  annotation = {WOS:000447168300015},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/LRXIBSSN/carlson_modarres-sadeghi_2018_vortex-induced_vibration_of_spar_platforms_for_floating_offshore_wind_turbines.pdf},
  journal = {Wind Energy},
  keywords = {_tablet,dynamics,floating offshore wind turbines,mass,spar platforms,vortex-induced   vibrations},
  language = {English},
  number = {11}
}

@incollection{castellaniFieldVibrationalAnalysis2020,
  title = {Field {{Vibrational Analysis}} of a {{Full Scale Horizontal}}-{{Axis Wind Turbine}} in {{Actual Operating Conditions}}},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of {{XXIV AIMETA Conference}} 2019},
  author = {Castellani, Francesco and Natili, Francesco and Astolfi, Davide and Lini, Alessandro},
  editor = {Carcaterra, Antonio and Paolone, Achille and Graziani, Giorgio},
  year = {2020},
  pages = {299--309},
  publisher = {{Springer International Publishing}},
  address = {{Cham}},
  doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-41057-5_25},
  abstract = {Wind farm operation reliability is becoming a key asset for wind energy conversion systems in the framework of grid-parity energy market. Consequently, experimental methods for characterizing the vibration behaviour of wind turbines in real operating conditions are going to play a fundamental role in order to improve the correct estimation of the RUL (Remaining Useful Life) of the components as well as the whole system. For this reason, in the present work a new experimental approach for the identification of the most important mechanical parameters through field acceleration measurements has been developed and tested on a full scale three bladed wind turbine with a rated power of 200 kW and a rotor diameter of 31 meters. The main goal of the identification procedure was to give the correct estimation of important vibration parameters of the structure and the machine. as for example the tower structural eigenfrequencies and the structural damping. The experimental setup included three accelerometers on the nacelle (two for the tower and one for the main bearing) and up to four sensors on along the tower and in the foundation. The structural eigeinfrenquencies have been studied through machine emergency stops while the operational condition were studied capturing steady-state events. The study demonstrates that the experimental data post-processing can represent a fruitful and quick approach for defining the most important structural and dynamic parameter even when the full details of the wind turbine are not available and this can be particularly useful for refurbished technology.},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/IRDJX24Y/castellani_et_al_2020_field_vibrational_analysis_of_a_full_scale_horizontal-axis_wind_turbine_in.pdf},
  isbn = {978-3-030-41056-8 978-3-030-41057-5},
  keywords = {_tablet},
  language = {en}
}

@article{caterinoVariableDampersMitigate2020,
  title = {Variable {{Dampers}} to {{Mitigate Structural Demand}} to {{Wind Turbines}}: {{The Role}} of the {{Monitoring System Features}} for the {{Effectiveness}} of the {{Control Strategy}}},
  shorttitle = {Variable {{Dampers}} to {{Mitigate Structural Demand}} to {{Wind Turbines}}},
  author = {Caterino, Nicola and Pugliano, Giovanni and Spizzuoco, Mariacristina and Robustelli, Umberto},
  year = {2020},
  month = apr,
  volume = {10},
  pages = {2498},
  issn = {2076-3417},
  doi = {10.3390/app10072498},
  abstract = {In the last decade, some researchers and professionals have been engaged in the study of methods and techniques that can build high wind turbines while containing construction costs within the limits of economic convenience. Among the most promising solutions is that of using innovative devices to mitigate the structural demand for the towers. The reduction in the stress demand in the foundation makes the strategy particularly interesting for the repowering of existing plants, where it is convenient not to demolish and rebuild the foundation, but rather to reuse the existing one for the new plant. A semi-active vibration control strategy, based on the adoption of controllable dissipative devices, is presented herein. The proposed technique requires the tower to be equipped with a measurement system suitable for the real time monitoring of structural response. Performing reliable high-frequency measurements of the horizontal displacement of points located at heights of tens of meters is not simple. With the purpose of assessing the efficiency and feasibility of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)-based systems for the control of wind turbine structures, the proposed paper tries to investigate the characteristics and data processing techniques that are able to make the GNSS useful for such applications. Several numerical simulations were carried out with reference to a case-study wind turbine to quantitatively assess how the performance of the control system changes as the features of the monitoring system worsen, and finally to draw conclusions and suggestions for the minimum performance that monitoring devices must have for an effective reduction in structural demand.},
  file = {/home/san/Zotero/storage/6HGZCWXE/caterino_et_al_2020_variable_dampers_to_mitigate_structural_demand_to_wind_turbines.pdf;/home/san/Zotero/storage/WSXI4RV4/caterino_et_al_2020_variable_dampers_to_mitigate_structural_demand_to_wind_turbines.pdf},
  journal = {Applied Sciences},
  keywords = {_tablet},
  language = {en},
  number = {7}
}

@article{causonLinkingEcosystemServices2018,
  title = {Linking Ecosystem Services with Epibenthic Biodiversity Change Following Installation of Offshore Wind Farms},
  author = {Causon, Paul D. and Gill, Andrew B.},
  year = {2018},
  month = nov,
  volume = {89},
  pages = {340--347},
  issn = {1462-9011},
  doi = {10.1016/j.envsci.2018.08.013},